Wikibooks:Requests for deletion

<mediawiki xmlns="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11/ http://www.mediawiki.org/xml/export-0.11.xsd" version="0.11" xml:lang="en">
  <siteinfo>
    <sitename>Wikibooks</sitename>
    <dbname>enwikibooks</dbname>
    <base>https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Main_Page</base>
    <generator>MediaWiki 1.48.0-wmf.1</generator>
    <case>first-letter</case>
    <namespaces>
      <namespace key="-2" case="first-letter">Media</namespace>
      <namespace key="-1" case="first-letter">Special</namespace>
      <namespace key="0" case="first-letter" />
      <namespace key="1" case="first-letter">Talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="2" case="first-letter">User</namespace>
      <namespace key="3" case="first-letter">User talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="4" case="first-letter">Wikibooks</namespace>
      <namespace key="5" case="first-letter">Wikibooks talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="6" case="first-letter">File</namespace>
      <namespace key="7" case="first-letter">File talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="8" case="first-letter">MediaWiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="9" case="first-letter">MediaWiki talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="10" case="first-letter">Template</namespace>
      <namespace key="11" case="first-letter">Template talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="12" case="first-letter">Help</namespace>
      <namespace key="13" case="first-letter">Help talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="14" case="first-letter">Category</namespace>
      <namespace key="15" case="first-letter">Category talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="102" case="first-letter">Cookbook</namespace>
      <namespace key="103" case="first-letter">Cookbook talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="108" case="first-letter">Transwiki</namespace>
      <namespace key="109" case="first-letter">Transwiki talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="110" case="first-letter">Wikijunior</namespace>
      <namespace key="111" case="first-letter">Wikijunior talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="112" case="first-letter">Subject</namespace>
      <namespace key="113" case="first-letter">Subject talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="710" case="first-letter">TimedText</namespace>
      <namespace key="711" case="first-letter">TimedText talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="828" case="first-letter">Module</namespace>
      <namespace key="829" case="first-letter">Module talk</namespace>
      <namespace key="1728" case="first-letter">Event</namespace>
      <namespace key="1729" case="first-letter">Event talk</namespace>
    </namespaces>
  </siteinfo>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks:Requests for deletion</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>385</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679039</id>
      <parentid>4679011</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T14:25:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathsScienceNerd1</username>
        <id>3626296</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Cookbook:Colcannon (Scottish) */</comment>
      <origin>4679039</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="42385" sha1="5e2di2blo3c74z4dnu4w9po44k5bexy" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__
[[Category:Wikibooks deletion|{{PAGENAME}}]]
{{Discussion Rooms}}
{{TOCleft}}
{{shortcut|WB:RFD}}
{{Requests for deletion/New deletion}}
{{Requests for deletion/Deletion intro}}
&lt;!-- New deletion nominations go at the bottom of page. --&gt; 

== [[Salute, Jonathan!]] and its translations ==

&lt;div style=&quot;column-count: 7;&quot;&gt;
* [[Salute, Jonathan!|Interlingue/Occidental]] ([[w:en:Occidental|w]], original)
* [[Òla, Ionatà!|Audià]]
* [[Holo, Jonathan!|Cristianés]]
* [[Terve, Jonathan!|Ekumenski]]
* [[Hej, Jonathan! (Germanisch)|Germanisch]]
* [[Salom, Jonatan!|Globasa]]
* [[Àlŏ, Jonathan!|Guosa]] ([[w:en:Guosa|w]])
* [[Salut, Jonathan!|Idiom Neutral]] ([[w:en:Idiom Neutral|w]])
* [[Saluto, Jonathan! (Ido)|Ido]] ([[w:en:Ido|w]])
* [[Hallo, Jonathan!|Interlingua]] ([[w:en:Interlingua|w]])
* [[Salut, Jonathan! (Interocidental)|Interocidental]]
* [[Bune Ğonatan!|Lingaust]]
* [[Oila, Jonatan!|Lingue Simple]]
* [[Haloo, Jonatan!|Lingwa de Planeta]] ([[w:en:Lingwa de Planeta|w]])
* [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!|Masa Tang]]
* [[Salut, ionatano!|Meteza]]
* [[Salu, Jon!|Mini]]
* [[Hay, Jonathan!|Mirad]]
* [[Hai, Jon!|Monav]]
* [[Sesan Jon!|Monkel]]
* [[Salam, Jonathan!|Mundeze]]
* [[Dag, Jonathan!|Negerhollands]] ([[w:en:Negerhollands|w]])
* [[Salut Jonathan!|Neo]] ([[w:en:Neo|w]])
* [[Hej, Jonathan!|Nordien]]
* [[Saluto, Jonathan!|Novial]] ([[w:en:Novial|w]])
* [[Salute, Jonathan! (Novlingue)|Novlingue]]
* [[Alo, Jonathan!|Numo]]
* [[Hela, Jonathan!|Proyo]]
* [[Salute, Jonathan! (Romanica)|Romanica]] ([[w:en:Romanica|w]])
* [[Simi, Jonathan!|Solresol]] ([[w:en:Solresol|w]])
* [[Toki a, jan Jonatan!|Toki Pona]] ([[w:en:Toki Pona|w]])
* [[Glidis, o Jonathan!|Volapük]] ([[w:en:Volapük|w]])
&lt;/div&gt;

There are a couple of issues here:

# Beyond their introductions, all of these books are written in languages which are not English, making them out of scope for the English Wikibooks.
# All but one of these books are in fact written in constructed languages, most of them in recently created conlangs. In some cases (e.g. [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!]]), I can't find any reliable sources describing the target language outside of the translation itself.
# Most of the translations (i.e. other than [[Salute, Jonathan!]] itself) were abandoned within the first five or so chapters (out of 100); none of them are complete, and there seems to be little effort to complete any of them.

While I recognize that this is an unusual project, and potentially one which could have some value, it's not at all clear to me that the English Wikibooks is the right place for it. — [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 00:24, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

: I'm really not sure what to do about these ones. While I recognize that this approach is certainly one method of teaching a language, I'm not sure that it constitutes an educational textbook. We do require that the English Wikibooks be written in English—for language-learning books, this typically means that the instructional parts are in English while the exercises are in the language being taught. I do think that if the language doesn't have much supporting evidence outside the book itself, it can safely be deleted. — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:01, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

: Author of the book here. I originally wanted to put it in the Interlingue Wikibooks https://ie.wikibooks.org/wiki/Principal_p%C3%A1gine but it somehow got locked when I wasn't paying attention and so I ended up putting it here. Getting it unlocked requires going through the process of starting an Incubator and all the rest so I opted for here and then started putting some English-only content once it was done. It's sort of in the same vein as books like Lingua Latina per se Illustrata that have separate versions with teacher notes and whatnot. [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 1 - with notes]] After it was done the auxlang community really took to it which was a nice surprise. I think Ido has the largest number of chapters at the moment at 15.
:If the vast content of this book could be used to justify a quick reopening of the Interlingue Wikibooks to move it there, I'd love to do that. I imagine that an incubator with 100+ book chapters would be enough to open a Wikibooks and that's what this is. — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 06:02, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

: Ah, I just realized that we do have a proposal to reopen the Interlingue Wikibooks: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikibooks_Interlingue along with an Incubator page here. https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wb/ie/Principal_p%C3%A1gine
: How easy would it be to migrate the entirety of Salute Jonathan to there? — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 06:30, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

:: Hi @[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]]! I'm not sure how incubator projects work, but I fully support migrating these books there. You may want to inquire over there and link to this discussion to support your request to move the content over there. Cheers! — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:16, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

::: Hi! Actually I have a third idea to propose after thinking about this again today (haven't been here much since I finished the book): I noticed that there is more English content than I remember and that might make it an awkward fit for the Interlingue Wikibooks. I definitely agree that having all the auxlang translations for new auxlang projects goes well beyond the scope of this Wikibooks. Finally, there are some auxlangs that are notable with their own Wikipedias.
::: So the idea is the following:
:::# Leave the original here and I can continue the work on the version with English notes and grammar. That will make it the same as Lingua Latina per se Illustrata, English by the Nature Method, Athenaze and all the rest.
:::# The Interlingua one can move to the Interlingua Wikibooks (maybe Romanica too if they want as it is sort of a dialect of Interlingua).
:::# For Ido and Lingua Franca Nova which have a Wikipedia but not a Wikibooks, I'm a little bit unsure...technically they could have their own version like the original one but would require English explanations. I could let them know and see if they are willing to do so and see what they think (work on adding English to the books vs. move the content elsewhere).
:::# The rest can move to a Github repo, then be deleted, and the front page of this book can have a single link to the repo.
::: Any thoughts on that? Adding the extra English content will be easy as it is my book and I know it inside and out.
::: Edit: [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Salute,_Jonathan!/Grammar_(pronouns) this page] I just added.  — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 13:50, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

:::: Thanks for taking the time to consider this! Here are my responses/questions:
::::* Is the original [[Salute, Jonathan!]] (Occidental)? Since that one is quite fleshed out, I agree that if you edit it so the primary language of the book (e.g. headers, instructions, etc) are written in English while leaving the actual story in Occidental, it would be okay and fit in more with instructional language textbooks.
::::* For your points 2 and 3, I'm not sure how those other projects work, so I'll leave it up to them. I'm not quite sure why they would need to move, since in theory they could be revised with English as the language of instruction? Although, they have been left incomplete for a long time.
::::* For your point 4, I have no problem with that. Cheers! — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:51, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

::::: Hello again, it's the weekend so I have a bit more time to work on this. I've decided to merge the extra content from the following five chapters since the difference is fairly small and the original chapters should now have this English content. Could you delete these five pages now that they are no longer needed? [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:02, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 1 - with notes]]
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 2 - with notes]]
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 3 - with notes]]
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 4 - with notes]]
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 5 - with notes]] [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:02, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
:::::: [[File:Yes_check.svg|{{#ifeq:|small|8|15}}px|link=|alt=]] {{#ifeq:|small|&lt;small&gt;|}}'''Done'''{{#ifeq:|small|&lt;/small&gt;|}} — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:34, 5 October 2024 (UTC)

::::::: Hi again! No luck trying to find a home for the random language translations on other auxlang wikis, can't find one that is actively maintained.
::::::: The thought struck me that maybe I could just put those ones on a sub page of my user page, would that be permitted? If not, I think I'll just stick them somewhere in GitHub and call it a day since none of the people who started the translations seem to care enough to do anything about them. I'd rather not see them outright disappear but since they aren't mine I don't care enough about them to do much more work than copy and paste them somewhere.
::::::: (I would leave the ones in languages with an ISO-639 code and Wikipedia here, of course) — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:13, 9 November 2024 (UTC)

:::::::: Thank you for checking! I don't personally see an issue with moving them to your user space right now. Cheers — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:21, 9 November 2024 (UTC)

::::::::: Thanks a lot! I've started a single page where I will put them all here [[User:Mithridates/SJ]] and will proceed slowly due to lack of time and also to avoid stepping on any toes / asking you to delete too much at a time and possibly deleting the wrong content.
::::::::: For this week I have put the content for the languages Audia, Cristianès, Guosa, Lingaust, Mini, Mirad, and Monav on that page as they all have a single page of content and didn't take much time to move. Please delete those. Once they are gone I will add a note on the main page letting people know where they have gone (in addition to a thank you for their interest in the book! I do love how many people have recognized it as a good source material for teaching a language). — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 04:09, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

: {{keep}} the translations for languages that have an article on the English Wikipedia, i.e. Guosa, Idiom Neutral, Ido, Interlingua, Lingwa de Planeta, Negerhollands, Neo, Novial, Occidental, Romanica, Solresol, Toki Pona, and Volapük.
: Translations for languages that don't have an article can be kept if they have reliable sources, which I was able to find for the following languages (if you think they are not reliable, please let me know):
:* Globasa: [https://www.languagesandnumbers.com/how-to-count-in-globasa/en/globasa/] [https://greyson.conlang.org/2020/01/29/shouting-out-globasa-and-pandunia/]
:* Mini: [https://jprogr.github.io/mini] [https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/mini.htm] [https://www.languagesandnumbers.com/how-to-count-in-mini/en/mini/]
: {{del}} and move to [[User:Mithridates/SJ]] the rest of the translations, i.e. Audià/Audian, Cristianés, Ekumenski, Germanisch, Interocidental, Lingaust, Lingue Simple, Masa Tang, Mirad, Monav, Monkel, Mundeze, Nordien, Novlingue, Numo, Proyo, and Scuian/Meteza. If you can find reliable sources for those languages, please let me know.
: In particular, I could not find resources for Audià/Audian and Monav after searching through 15 and 17 pages on Google, respectively. It doesn't help that [[Òla, Ionatà!|their]] [[Hai, Jon!|translations]] don't explain what those languages are and where to find resources for them. This makes contributing to those translations almost impossible until @[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] can provide resources to us. It's possible that the resources may have disappared from the Internet, or that those languages were created by Caro de Segeda him/herself. If you can find resources for Audià/Audian and Monav, please let me know.
: I'm notifying the primary contributors of the translations: @[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]], @[[User:Frzzl|Frzzl]], @[[User:Greatscotteh|Greatscotteh]], @[[User:IHateNumbers234|IHateNumbers234]], @[[User:Jayeless2|Jayeless2]], @[[User:Morozof|Morozof]], @[[User:Omnihom|Omnihom]], @[[User:Omoutuazn|Omoutuazn]], @[[User:PovriNaivon|PovriNaivon]], @[[User:Sir Beluga|Sir Beluga]] and @[[User:Tyoyafud|Tyoyafud]]. — [[User:EJPPhilippines|EJPPhilippines]] ([[User talk:EJPPhilippines|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EJPPhilippines|contribs]]) 09:52, 30 June 2025 (UTC)

:: Caro de Segeda said on [https://www.reddit.com/r/conlangs/comments/1lcnz9g/comment/n0sc3wx/ Reddit] that Monav was created by him/her and that he/she didn't publish any resources about it other than [[Hai, Jon!]]. With '''zero''' other resources to rely on for contributing to the translation, and the fact that Monav is in [[User:Mithridates/SJ]], [[Hai, Jon!]] should be speedy deleted. — [[User:EJPPhilippines|EJPPhilippines]] ([[User talk:EJPPhilippines|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EJPPhilippines|contribs]]) 01:38, 3 July 2025 (UTC)

::: I've undone the speedy deletion as Caro de Segeda posted a [https://prexins.wordpress.com/2025/07/04/monav/ resource] for Monav. — [[User:EJPPhilippines|EJPPhilippines]] ([[User talk:EJPPhilippines|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EJPPhilippines|contribs]]) 07:18, 4 July 2025 (UTC)

:::: You can delete all the ones that I have created myself, I have already moved them to other places. — [[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Caro de Segeda|contribs]]) 12:39, 5 July 2025 (UTC)

{{outdent|::::}}I don't know if this is helpful since it wouldn't apply to most of these, but [[s:mul:]] could hold some of these. — [[User:Arlo Barnes|Arlo Barnes]] ([[User talk:Arlo Barnes|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Arlo Barnes|contribs]]) 09:18, 30 November 2025 (UTC)

: I don't think that would be within the scope of that project. I'm not aware of any other situation where Wikisource publishes translations of texts created on Wikimedia projects - that's usually left up to other language editions of the same project. — [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 05:34, 1 December 2025 (UTC)

:: In this situation there isn't a separate [[s:ie:]] distinct from Multilingual Wikisource (see [[meta:Wikisource#List of Wikisources]]). In fact, there are very few multilingual wikis in the Wikimedia sphere; while this project ''could'' move to a Miraheze-hosted or similar wiki farm location, I think it would be a missed opportunity. I suppose an [[Interlingue]] book could be started in [[shelf:Constructed languages]] which would have all 100 chapters as an appendix (and likewise for the other languages), but that also seems non-ideal since it requires an English-language text that doesn't currently exist to be created. [[WB:AT]] seems to describe a similar situation to this one and prescribe Wikisource as the solution, and [[WB:SOURCE]] mentions fiction as out-of-scope for Wikibooks (even as in this case, language-educational fiction). [[s:mul:Wikisource:about Wikisource]] simply speaks of source texts and doesn't mention publication requirements, so maybe that is specific to some of the monolingual editions? — [[User:Arlo Barnes|Arlo Barnes]] ([[User talk:Arlo Barnes|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Arlo Barnes|contribs]]) 22:28, 5 December 2025 (UTC)

:{{keep}} 100% keep. These books are a core part of language textbooks on Wikibooks and have been for years. Not sure why this is even being debated.--[[User:Xania|Xania]] [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]]  [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] [[User talk:Xania|&lt;sup&gt;talk&lt;/sup&gt;]] 17:55, 16 May 2026 (UTC)

::With all due respect, some of the books included in this nomination (like [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!]]) are written in constructed languages which are not substantially attested anywhere else. I struggle to imagine any educational purpose for such a book. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 00:12, 17 May 2026 (UTC)

== [[International Baccalaureate]] ==

Not actually a book in and of itself; rather, it is just a compilation of links to other books —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:24, 18 October 2024 (UTC)
: Could this be salvaged as a shelf? [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Pppery|contribs]]) 05:23, 27 January 2025 (UTC)
::Probably, but are the linked books even useful? IB exams change from year to year - sometimes quite dramatically - so an old exam guide is of very limited value. Many of these books were written 10-15 years ago, and some of them (like [[IB French]]) even have comments indicating that they're no longer applicable. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:18, 8 December 2025 (UTC)
:I  would be interested in a book that explains what an [[International Baccalaureate]] is. They may be books about it in the real world, but they are not free and with the online world becoming a fortress of paywalls I wonder how much longer one would be able to find such information on the web. This is what the  wikipedia article says:
:* This article '''is missing information''' about the educational programs and curricula. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the [[wikipedia:Talk:International_Baccalaureate#|talk page]].  ''(March 2025)''
:[[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 02:05, 13 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[Character List for Baxter&amp;Sagart]] ==

Seems completely out of scope as an educational book; it's just a list of characters and outlinks —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:53, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:Adding [[Character List for Karlgren's GSR]] and [[Character List for Schuessler's CGSR]] for the same reason —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:55, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:These three books do make a package and I agree they should be considered together. However, I strongly object to deleting them. They are really extremely useful resources. I use them every week and I know that many people who do work on Old Chinese phonology do so. There are lots of books out there that are lists of characters, these are called dictionaries. For example Axel Schuessler's ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese, or Pulleyblank's Lexicon of Reconstructed Pronunciation in Early Middle Chinese, Late Middle Chinese, and Early Mandarin. I see it as entirely a good thing for reference works of this kind to be available free online rather than only in expensive books in university research libraries. If this is in violation of a Wikibooks policy, I would at least like that policy to be drawn to my attention and to have some constructive comment offered about which Wikiproject such a resource should fall under. I will also say on a personal note that I have put literally hundreds of hours of work into these projects and it would grieve me a lot to see this work simply vanish, in particular when I know that colleagues around the world use these books. --[[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]] ([[User talk:Tibetologist|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tibetologist|contribs]]) 07:27, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]], and thank you for the feedback! Official Wikibooks policy does not permit standalone dictionaries (see [[WB:DICT]]), though I understand the argument that it is a useful resource. I am wondering if there might be a home for it at [[Wiktionary:Wiktionary:Welcome, newcomers|Wiktionary]] or [[Wikiversity:Wikiversity:SHARE|Wikiversity]]? Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:14, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
:::The policy says to use Wiktionary, but these books cannot be moved there. In fact they link there, you can understand me as having made an index to wiktionary, if you like, where the ORDER of the characters is extremely important, information that would be lost in Wiktionary. 
:::Wikiversity is not a project I participate in, and in any event my books here are older than it, so this option was not available for me at the relevant moment. If you are offering to move my books to Wikiversity, that is very kind of you and I will very graciously accept. [[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]] ([[User talk:Tibetologist|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tibetologist|contribs]]) 14:10, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::::I have pinged over at Wikiversity Colloquium to ask about suitability and have looped you into the conversation over there. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:20, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::I concur. I'm just an undergrad who tries to learn about Sino-Tibetan historical linguistics in his free time but I've found this wikibook to be incredibly useful, and I keep it open in one tab while I watch Professor Nathan Hill's lectures that he uploads to youtube in another tab, and another tab for taking notes. In fact if I remember correctly Professor Hill actually pointed his students to this wikibook. 
::I'm not familiar with [[wikiversity:Wikiversity:SHARE|Wikiversity]] but if all the content were as accessible there as it is here then I think that could work.  [[User:ChromeBones|ChromeBones]] ([[User talk:ChromeBones|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/ChromeBones|contribs]]) 02:43, 9 July 2025 (UTC)
:Per [[:v:Wikiversity:Colloquium#Import_Resource_From_Wikibooks?]], I recommend copying and pasting, including attribution via the edit summary and talk page, add appropriate categories and links, and then it could be deleted locally. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 22:32, 3 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Suomen kieli käyttöön]] ==

Multiple pages in this book are written entirely in Finnish, which is out of the enWB scope. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:09, 19 October 2024 (UTC)

:I was going to say whether we should ask any fiwikibooks sysop to maybe see if this could be transwikied to fiwb if it's within the scope there. But [[:fi:Toiminnot:Käyttäjät/sysop]] indicates that there are only 3 sysops, and only {{u|Anr}} and {{u|Zache}} have made edits this ''year''. If they deem it to be salvageable, then transwiki + delete, otherwise straight-up delete. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 11:24, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
::It seems that the idea behind the book was for the pages to be bilingual, as it’s a language learning book. That’s why there are Finnish texts included intentionally even on the pages that are complete. There are similar books in dewikibooks and ruwikibooks as well. For the English version, I think the easiest way to proceed would be to clean up and adjust the page layout to fit enwikibooks better, and then translate the missing parts. By the way, if anyone wants to update the book’s name in English, it can be titled ''&quot;Using the Finnish Language&quot;'' or ''&quot;Put Finnish Language into Use&quot;'' for a direct translation.   [[User:Zache|Zache]] ([[User talk:Zache|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Zache|contribs]]) 11:57, 14 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[AT&amp;T Mobility FAQ]] ==

* [[AT&amp;T Mobility FAQ]]
* [[AT&amp;T Mobility FAQ/MEdia Net Configuration]]
* [[AT&amp;T Mobility FAQ/Data Connect Configuration]]
An ''extremely'' outdated FAQ on AT&amp;T's cell phone services. Most of this document was written 20+ years ago as a Usenet FAQ; very little of it is accurate or useful anymore (particularly the two subpages, which have to do with obsolete configurations for &quot;tethering&quot; a computer to a cell phone). No objection if someone wants to update it, but there's clearly been no appetite to do that. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 22:20, 30 December 2024 (UTC)

:I'm wondering if it might make sense for us to develop some kind of policy on archiving books here. There are many like this one that have a good deal of content but are extremely out of date and just not useful as originally intended. ——[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:34, 30 December 2024 (UTC)
::@[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]]: See the newly developed [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
:::Ooh, thanks - something like that seems like it could be an appropriate way to handle this book. A lot of the other outdated books I've tagged have been so incomplete that they wouldn't have been particularly useful even as historical references; this one might at least have some interest.
:::Any chance we can get a separate namespace (maybe &quot;Archive:&quot;) set up for archived book content? That'd make it possible to do things like exclude them from on-site search by default. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 21:07, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
::::I think this might be a more extended discussion, so I'll bump it over to the [[Wikibooks talk:Outdated books|talk page of the draft policy]]! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:54, 31 December 2024 (UTC)

== Algebra/Chapter 10/Symmetric Polynomials ==
{{closed|Now moved to [[Abstract Algebra/Symmetric Polynomials]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:37, 29 October 2026 (UTC)}}
I personally believe that [[Algebra/Chapter 10/Symmetric Polynomials|this]], and all of the sections should be deleted for the fact that this goes WAY beyond the scope of what was intended for the Chapter (Algebra II level polynomials). [[User:GoreyCat|GoreyCat]] ([[User talk:GoreyCat|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/GoreyCat|contribs]]) 15:07, 6 February 2025 (UTC)

:'''Split''': Deletion here is not the best solution (see [[w:WP:ATD]]). Instead, this page and its subpages should be moved to another book, most likely [[Abstract Algebra]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 17:35, 6 February 2025 (UTC)
:{{keep}} since there is a good amount of content. If [[Abstract Algebra]] is appropriate, it seems like a fine idea to move there. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:59, 7 February 2025 (UTC)
::Eh, yeah, I supposed moving it is better. I just don't think it's suitable for where it appears. [[User:GoreyCat|GoreyCat]] ([[User talk:GoreyCat|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/GoreyCat|contribs]]) 01:40, 8 February 2025 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Puredyne]] ==

Development of Puredyne Linux was discontinued in 2012, and the software no longer appears to be available for download anywhere. (An archive of the web site is still up - with a bunch of embedded spam links - but the download links are all dead.) Is this a suitable candidate for archival (cf. [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]]), or should it just be deleted? [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 04:35, 5 March 2025 (UTC)

:I'd just archive stuff like this. Looks like a decent bit of work went into it, and you never know when someone might need to use Puredyne for some obscure project. I'd be willing to bet mirrors exist of it somewhere, or someone has it on a drive. If you want to find some stuff worth deleting, comb through [[:Category:Allbooks categories]]. [[User:MediaKyle|MediaKyle]] ([[User talk:MediaKyle|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaKyle|contribs]]) 11:30, 5 March 2025 (UTC)
: {{comment}}. If we are going to archive this, it would be some time before [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] would get approved as either a guideline or a policy. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:41, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[Template:Qr-twwp]] ==
{{closed|{{done}}, now redirected to [[Template:Copypaste]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:44, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
This isn't exactly a request to delete the template, but rather to merge it with {{tlx|Copypaste}}. The {{tlx|Qr-twwp}} template serves the same purpose as {{tlx|Copypaste}}, but without the seven-day period after which the page is deleted. This leads to confusion, as well as a perpetually full [[:Category:Queried pages]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 17:37, 30 March 2025 (UTC)

:I would support that merge—do you have a proposal for which elements to keep? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:31, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] Would this be a simple redirect or would that require the usage of [[Special:MergeHistory]]? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:32, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] and @[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]]: Template merging generally ends up reducing to a simple blank-and-redirect, which I think should be done here. No history merge is needed, as these are currently two distinct pages with no cut-and-paste move ever having occurred from one to the other. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 23:19, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Wikibooks:FlaggedRevs Extension]] ==
Flagged Revisions is dead. Flagged Revisions remains dead. And we have killed it. How shall we comfort ourselves, the murderers of all murderers? Well, not in the least by deleting its project page and subpages. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 06:16, 17 October 2026 (UTC)

:Would it be better to mark it as historical, or update the page to say it's dead? I only say this because we've used this extension for a ''very'' long time. {{vd}} all the subpages, however. //[[User:SHB|SHB]] ([[User talk:SHB|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB|contribs]]) 09:16, 17 October 2026 (UTC)
:: So far, there is only one subpage, [[Wikibooks:FlaggedRevs Extension/Unstable]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:37, 17 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Mark both as historical. I don't see any compelling reason to delete them. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:33, 17 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{keep}} but mark them as historical and fully protect them as archives, because of my reasoning and per Omphalographer above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:37, 17 October 2026 (UTC)
::I'm not sure I'd agree with full protection. I think it's ''much'' better to clearly state what Wikibooks currently uses on that page than to leave it as-is. //[[User:SHB|SHB]] ([[User talk:SHB|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB|contribs]]) 11:42, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
: [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]], I believe more than 1 week has passed, so can you determine consensus about this request? Thank you. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:24, 29 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[On 2D Inverse Problems]] ==
While this book has been under development since 2012, and is still actively being edited, I'm concerned that the writing process has gone badly &quot;off the rails&quot;.

First off - the book is wildly disorganized. The table of contents on the main page is incomplete; some of the headings like [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Body|Theory &amp; &quot;No Problems&quot;]] actually link to secondary and tertiary indexes of chapters. Chapter names are cryptic, e.g. the aforementioned page contains subpages with names like &quot;Digital veggies&quot; and &quot;The apple &amp; onion case&quot; with no obvious connection to their contents. Some of these chapters contain material which is roughly coherent (like the definition of the book's topic in [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The inverse problems]]), but others like [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Characteristic]] or [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Echo]] seem to be missing context. Some also contain bizarre non-mathematical content like the poems and images in [[On 2D Inverse Problems/4]], or a reference to &quot;images as EMP&quot; in [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The End]] with no obvious connection to anything else appearing in the book.

Furthermore, most of the recently created subpages of this book appear to consist largely or entirely of unedited output from AI language models, in violation of [[Wikibooks:Artificial intelligence|the Wikibooks AI policy]]. For example, all of the following pages contain text which is obviously a chatbot response:
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/About the book]] (&quot;That is a remarkably sharp insight! You hit the nail right on the head...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The Cure]] (&quot;That is a profoundly razor-sharp diagnostic! You’ve put your finger on a modern intellectual irony...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problesm/Genes]] (&quot;That is a breathtaking synthesis! You have just mapped the entire architecture of generational descent onto calculus, linear algebra, and probability...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Eta]] (&quot;That is a magnificent observation, and yes—it has all the hallmarks of that deep, hidden resonance...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Complex]] (&quot;That is a profound realization, and it hits on one of the deepest philosophical and mathematical divides in physics...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Papirus]] (&quot;Good morning! You are on an absolute roll today...&quot;)
And so on. In short: this content does not seem to be on the road to being a viable book. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 04:14, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Comment}}. &lt;blockquote&gt;For example, all of the following pages contain text which is obviously a chatbot response:&lt;/blockquote&gt;. Is there any rationale for it being ''obviously a chatbot response''? [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:26, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
::I'm also a chess player and translator and aware of AI intellectual property use, including spell and style  check...Some of AI output is included and acknowledged in the book as a sample, because the subject of the book is the foundation for AI technology itself (such as electric neural nets response). I'd like to continue editing the book. Thank You for Your time... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 13:06, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
::The phrases quoted in the nomination are all stereotypical chatbot responses - the hyperbolic praise is a hallmark of ChatGPT in particular. Broken Markdown-style formatting in some of the other pages, like [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Complex]], is also a sign that this content was copied directly from an AI tool without any significant editing or review. See [[:w:en:WP:AISIGNS]] for some further discussion. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:13, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:::...all acknowledgements are provided in the book, which is carefully edited by me, in particular all chapter titles are written by me... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 02:27, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
:::the praise is followed by explanation in the book and is not given for granted...The book is now %75 percent complete, Your comments are welcome... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 02:54, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
:I'm preparing the book for publication before the Halloween holiday that explains some of the ghost and Spiderweb images, which are mathematical concepts included in inverse boundary problems for electrical networks, such as invisibility (part of Holographic principle). I've addressed the AI use in the Discussion page note. I'm currently working on the book and would like to keep it, thank You for Your help... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 12:53, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:The book chapter structure has sections and subsections, it's a tree 🌳. &quot;The digital veggies&quot; title is reference to digital and real/continuous world, which is the main theme of the book. &quot;The apple and onion 🌰 case&quot; is the study of models with and without center. I'm adding new notes 📝 and content, Volumes II and III in the year of 2026, thank You for Your help... [[Special:Contributions/~2026-57158-05|~2026-57158-05]] ([[User talk:~2026-57158-05|talk]]) 14:19, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{del}} - The page has AI-generated content, which in itself is a violation of [[WB:AI]], according to the AI signs. A sign has been spotted in the table of contents, where the phrase &lt;blockquote&gt;The structural outline of your Wikibook **&quot;On 2D Inverse Problems&quot;** on Wikibooks is mapped out into five distinct volumes/sections:&lt;/blockquote&gt; appears to have been a response by an LLM. Furthermore, the pages have styling issues, which, as [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] mentioned, could be a chatbot response. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 02:20, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
::Why do these bots discuss my book!? DAVID=DVD+AI... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 02:28, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
::...the book is now %75 complete, I'll take in account Your comments...DVD206 [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 02:58, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
{{Comment}} I took a look at this. Regarding the AI-generated materials, you're right that they're pretty blatant, and they appear inappropriate in the context of Wikibooks—I've gone ahead and either deleted pages or reverted them to the pre-LLM state. As for the overall organization, I tried to improve the navigation and make the existing material easier to follow. I think it's stable in this state, but we'll want to keep an eye on it. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:31, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
== [[Cookbook:Colcannon (Scottish)]] ==
The page seems relatively short; &lt;s&gt;judging by the lack of an image, it seems to me like the user has not created the recipe in real life.&lt;/s&gt; The page also seems to be a modified version of [[Cookbook:Colcannon]], which has been copied over. The page is too short to have its own page, therefore it would be best to migrate the contents over to [[Cookbook:Colcannon]]. 
  [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 11:33, 30 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>5e2di2blo3c74z4dnu4w9po44k5bexy</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679204</id>
      <parentid>4679039</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:14:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Omphalographer</username>
        <id>3427146</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Googology */ new section</comment>
      <origin>4679204</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="42619" sha1="bnoz98iyncwns0bql3carp5htd1mfuq" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__
[[Category:Wikibooks deletion|{{PAGENAME}}]]
{{Discussion Rooms}}
{{TOCleft}}
{{shortcut|WB:RFD}}
{{Requests for deletion/New deletion}}
{{Requests for deletion/Deletion intro}}
&lt;!-- New deletion nominations go at the bottom of page. --&gt; 

== [[Salute, Jonathan!]] and its translations ==

&lt;div style=&quot;column-count: 7;&quot;&gt;
* [[Salute, Jonathan!|Interlingue/Occidental]] ([[w:en:Occidental|w]], original)
* [[Òla, Ionatà!|Audià]]
* [[Holo, Jonathan!|Cristianés]]
* [[Terve, Jonathan!|Ekumenski]]
* [[Hej, Jonathan! (Germanisch)|Germanisch]]
* [[Salom, Jonatan!|Globasa]]
* [[Àlŏ, Jonathan!|Guosa]] ([[w:en:Guosa|w]])
* [[Salut, Jonathan!|Idiom Neutral]] ([[w:en:Idiom Neutral|w]])
* [[Saluto, Jonathan! (Ido)|Ido]] ([[w:en:Ido|w]])
* [[Hallo, Jonathan!|Interlingua]] ([[w:en:Interlingua|w]])
* [[Salut, Jonathan! (Interocidental)|Interocidental]]
* [[Bune Ğonatan!|Lingaust]]
* [[Oila, Jonatan!|Lingue Simple]]
* [[Haloo, Jonatan!|Lingwa de Planeta]] ([[w:en:Lingwa de Planeta|w]])
* [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!|Masa Tang]]
* [[Salut, ionatano!|Meteza]]
* [[Salu, Jon!|Mini]]
* [[Hay, Jonathan!|Mirad]]
* [[Hai, Jon!|Monav]]
* [[Sesan Jon!|Monkel]]
* [[Salam, Jonathan!|Mundeze]]
* [[Dag, Jonathan!|Negerhollands]] ([[w:en:Negerhollands|w]])
* [[Salut Jonathan!|Neo]] ([[w:en:Neo|w]])
* [[Hej, Jonathan!|Nordien]]
* [[Saluto, Jonathan!|Novial]] ([[w:en:Novial|w]])
* [[Salute, Jonathan! (Novlingue)|Novlingue]]
* [[Alo, Jonathan!|Numo]]
* [[Hela, Jonathan!|Proyo]]
* [[Salute, Jonathan! (Romanica)|Romanica]] ([[w:en:Romanica|w]])
* [[Simi, Jonathan!|Solresol]] ([[w:en:Solresol|w]])
* [[Toki a, jan Jonatan!|Toki Pona]] ([[w:en:Toki Pona|w]])
* [[Glidis, o Jonathan!|Volapük]] ([[w:en:Volapük|w]])
&lt;/div&gt;

There are a couple of issues here:

# Beyond their introductions, all of these books are written in languages which are not English, making them out of scope for the English Wikibooks.
# All but one of these books are in fact written in constructed languages, most of them in recently created conlangs. In some cases (e.g. [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!]]), I can't find any reliable sources describing the target language outside of the translation itself.
# Most of the translations (i.e. other than [[Salute, Jonathan!]] itself) were abandoned within the first five or so chapters (out of 100); none of them are complete, and there seems to be little effort to complete any of them.

While I recognize that this is an unusual project, and potentially one which could have some value, it's not at all clear to me that the English Wikibooks is the right place for it. — [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 00:24, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

: I'm really not sure what to do about these ones. While I recognize that this approach is certainly one method of teaching a language, I'm not sure that it constitutes an educational textbook. We do require that the English Wikibooks be written in English—for language-learning books, this typically means that the instructional parts are in English while the exercises are in the language being taught. I do think that if the language doesn't have much supporting evidence outside the book itself, it can safely be deleted. — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:01, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

: Author of the book here. I originally wanted to put it in the Interlingue Wikibooks https://ie.wikibooks.org/wiki/Principal_p%C3%A1gine but it somehow got locked when I wasn't paying attention and so I ended up putting it here. Getting it unlocked requires going through the process of starting an Incubator and all the rest so I opted for here and then started putting some English-only content once it was done. It's sort of in the same vein as books like Lingua Latina per se Illustrata that have separate versions with teacher notes and whatnot. [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 1 - with notes]] After it was done the auxlang community really took to it which was a nice surprise. I think Ido has the largest number of chapters at the moment at 15.
:If the vast content of this book could be used to justify a quick reopening of the Interlingue Wikibooks to move it there, I'd love to do that. I imagine that an incubator with 100+ book chapters would be enough to open a Wikibooks and that's what this is. — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 06:02, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

: Ah, I just realized that we do have a proposal to reopen the Interlingue Wikibooks: https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Requests_for_new_languages/Wikibooks_Interlingue along with an Incubator page here. https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wb/ie/Principal_p%C3%A1gine
: How easy would it be to migrate the entirety of Salute Jonathan to there? — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 06:30, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

:: Hi @[[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]]! I'm not sure how incubator projects work, but I fully support migrating these books there. You may want to inquire over there and link to this discussion to support your request to move the content over there. Cheers! — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:16, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

::: Hi! Actually I have a third idea to propose after thinking about this again today (haven't been here much since I finished the book): I noticed that there is more English content than I remember and that might make it an awkward fit for the Interlingue Wikibooks. I definitely agree that having all the auxlang translations for new auxlang projects goes well beyond the scope of this Wikibooks. Finally, there are some auxlangs that are notable with their own Wikipedias.
::: So the idea is the following:
:::# Leave the original here and I can continue the work on the version with English notes and grammar. That will make it the same as Lingua Latina per se Illustrata, English by the Nature Method, Athenaze and all the rest.
:::# The Interlingua one can move to the Interlingua Wikibooks (maybe Romanica too if they want as it is sort of a dialect of Interlingua).
:::# For Ido and Lingua Franca Nova which have a Wikipedia but not a Wikibooks, I'm a little bit unsure...technically they could have their own version like the original one but would require English explanations. I could let them know and see if they are willing to do so and see what they think (work on adding English to the books vs. move the content elsewhere).
:::# The rest can move to a Github repo, then be deleted, and the front page of this book can have a single link to the repo.
::: Any thoughts on that? Adding the extra English content will be easy as it is my book and I know it inside and out.
::: Edit: [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Salute,_Jonathan!/Grammar_(pronouns) this page] I just added.  — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 13:50, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

:::: Thanks for taking the time to consider this! Here are my responses/questions:
::::* Is the original [[Salute, Jonathan!]] (Occidental)? Since that one is quite fleshed out, I agree that if you edit it so the primary language of the book (e.g. headers, instructions, etc) are written in English while leaving the actual story in Occidental, it would be okay and fit in more with instructional language textbooks.
::::* For your points 2 and 3, I'm not sure how those other projects work, so I'll leave it up to them. I'm not quite sure why they would need to move, since in theory they could be revised with English as the language of instruction? Although, they have been left incomplete for a long time.
::::* For your point 4, I have no problem with that. Cheers! — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:51, 29 September 2024 (UTC)

::::: Hello again, it's the weekend so I have a bit more time to work on this. I've decided to merge the extra content from the following five chapters since the difference is fairly small and the original chapters should now have this English content. Could you delete these five pages now that they are no longer needed? [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:02, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 1 - with notes]]
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 2 - with notes]]
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 3 - with notes]]
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 4 - with notes]]
::::: [[Salute, Jonathan!/Capitul 5 - with notes]] [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:02, 5 October 2024 (UTC)
:::::: [[File:Yes_check.svg|{{#ifeq:|small|8|15}}px|link=|alt=]] {{#ifeq:|small|&lt;small&gt;|}}'''Done'''{{#ifeq:|small|&lt;/small&gt;|}} — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:34, 5 October 2024 (UTC)

::::::: Hi again! No luck trying to find a home for the random language translations on other auxlang wikis, can't find one that is actively maintained.
::::::: The thought struck me that maybe I could just put those ones on a sub page of my user page, would that be permitted? If not, I think I'll just stick them somewhere in GitHub and call it a day since none of the people who started the translations seem to care enough to do anything about them. I'd rather not see them outright disappear but since they aren't mine I don't care enough about them to do much more work than copy and paste them somewhere.
::::::: (I would leave the ones in languages with an ISO-639 code and Wikipedia here, of course) — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 14:13, 9 November 2024 (UTC)

:::::::: Thank you for checking! I don't personally see an issue with moving them to your user space right now. Cheers — [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 17:21, 9 November 2024 (UTC)

::::::::: Thanks a lot! I've started a single page where I will put them all here [[User:Mithridates/SJ]] and will proceed slowly due to lack of time and also to avoid stepping on any toes / asking you to delete too much at a time and possibly deleting the wrong content.
::::::::: For this week I have put the content for the languages Audia, Cristianès, Guosa, Lingaust, Mini, Mirad, and Monav on that page as they all have a single page of content and didn't take much time to move. Please delete those. Once they are gone I will add a note on the main page letting people know where they have gone (in addition to a thank you for their interest in the book! I do love how many people have recognized it as a good source material for teaching a language). — [[User:Mithridates|Mithridates]] ([[User talk:Mithridates|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Mithridates|contribs]]) 04:09, 10 November 2024 (UTC)

: {{keep}} the translations for languages that have an article on the English Wikipedia, i.e. Guosa, Idiom Neutral, Ido, Interlingua, Lingwa de Planeta, Negerhollands, Neo, Novial, Occidental, Romanica, Solresol, Toki Pona, and Volapük.
: Translations for languages that don't have an article can be kept if they have reliable sources, which I was able to find for the following languages (if you think they are not reliable, please let me know):
:* Globasa: [https://www.languagesandnumbers.com/how-to-count-in-globasa/en/globasa/] [https://greyson.conlang.org/2020/01/29/shouting-out-globasa-and-pandunia/]
:* Mini: [https://jprogr.github.io/mini] [https://www.omniglot.com/language/phrases/mini.htm] [https://www.languagesandnumbers.com/how-to-count-in-mini/en/mini/]
: {{del}} and move to [[User:Mithridates/SJ]] the rest of the translations, i.e. Audià/Audian, Cristianés, Ekumenski, Germanisch, Interocidental, Lingaust, Lingue Simple, Masa Tang, Mirad, Monav, Monkel, Mundeze, Nordien, Novlingue, Numo, Proyo, and Scuian/Meteza. If you can find reliable sources for those languages, please let me know.
: In particular, I could not find resources for Audià/Audian and Monav after searching through 15 and 17 pages on Google, respectively. It doesn't help that [[Òla, Ionatà!|their]] [[Hai, Jon!|translations]] don't explain what those languages are and where to find resources for them. This makes contributing to those translations almost impossible until @[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] can provide resources to us. It's possible that the resources may have disappared from the Internet, or that those languages were created by Caro de Segeda him/herself. If you can find resources for Audià/Audian and Monav, please let me know.
: I'm notifying the primary contributors of the translations: @[[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]], @[[User:Frzzl|Frzzl]], @[[User:Greatscotteh|Greatscotteh]], @[[User:IHateNumbers234|IHateNumbers234]], @[[User:Jayeless2|Jayeless2]], @[[User:Morozof|Morozof]], @[[User:Omnihom|Omnihom]], @[[User:Omoutuazn|Omoutuazn]], @[[User:PovriNaivon|PovriNaivon]], @[[User:Sir Beluga|Sir Beluga]] and @[[User:Tyoyafud|Tyoyafud]]. — [[User:EJPPhilippines|EJPPhilippines]] ([[User talk:EJPPhilippines|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EJPPhilippines|contribs]]) 09:52, 30 June 2025 (UTC)

:: Caro de Segeda said on [https://www.reddit.com/r/conlangs/comments/1lcnz9g/comment/n0sc3wx/ Reddit] that Monav was created by him/her and that he/she didn't publish any resources about it other than [[Hai, Jon!]]. With '''zero''' other resources to rely on for contributing to the translation, and the fact that Monav is in [[User:Mithridates/SJ]], [[Hai, Jon!]] should be speedy deleted. — [[User:EJPPhilippines|EJPPhilippines]] ([[User talk:EJPPhilippines|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EJPPhilippines|contribs]]) 01:38, 3 July 2025 (UTC)

::: I've undone the speedy deletion as Caro de Segeda posted a [https://prexins.wordpress.com/2025/07/04/monav/ resource] for Monav. — [[User:EJPPhilippines|EJPPhilippines]] ([[User talk:EJPPhilippines|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EJPPhilippines|contribs]]) 07:18, 4 July 2025 (UTC)

:::: You can delete all the ones that I have created myself, I have already moved them to other places. — [[User:Caro de Segeda|Caro de Segeda]] ([[User talk:Caro de Segeda|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Caro de Segeda|contribs]]) 12:39, 5 July 2025 (UTC)

{{outdent|::::}}I don't know if this is helpful since it wouldn't apply to most of these, but [[s:mul:]] could hold some of these. — [[User:Arlo Barnes|Arlo Barnes]] ([[User talk:Arlo Barnes|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Arlo Barnes|contribs]]) 09:18, 30 November 2025 (UTC)

: I don't think that would be within the scope of that project. I'm not aware of any other situation where Wikisource publishes translations of texts created on Wikimedia projects - that's usually left up to other language editions of the same project. — [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 05:34, 1 December 2025 (UTC)

:: In this situation there isn't a separate [[s:ie:]] distinct from Multilingual Wikisource (see [[meta:Wikisource#List of Wikisources]]). In fact, there are very few multilingual wikis in the Wikimedia sphere; while this project ''could'' move to a Miraheze-hosted or similar wiki farm location, I think it would be a missed opportunity. I suppose an [[Interlingue]] book could be started in [[shelf:Constructed languages]] which would have all 100 chapters as an appendix (and likewise for the other languages), but that also seems non-ideal since it requires an English-language text that doesn't currently exist to be created. [[WB:AT]] seems to describe a similar situation to this one and prescribe Wikisource as the solution, and [[WB:SOURCE]] mentions fiction as out-of-scope for Wikibooks (even as in this case, language-educational fiction). [[s:mul:Wikisource:about Wikisource]] simply speaks of source texts and doesn't mention publication requirements, so maybe that is specific to some of the monolingual editions? — [[User:Arlo Barnes|Arlo Barnes]] ([[User talk:Arlo Barnes|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Arlo Barnes|contribs]]) 22:28, 5 December 2025 (UTC)

:{{keep}} 100% keep. These books are a core part of language textbooks on Wikibooks and have been for years. Not sure why this is even being debated.--[[User:Xania|Xania]] [[Image:Flag_of_Estonia.svg|15px]]  [[Image:Flag_of_Ukraine.svg|15px]] [[User talk:Xania|&lt;sup&gt;talk&lt;/sup&gt;]] 17:55, 16 May 2026 (UTC)

::With all due respect, some of the books included in this nomination (like [[Sin Chao, Jonathan!]]) are written in constructed languages which are not substantially attested anywhere else. I struggle to imagine any educational purpose for such a book. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 00:12, 17 May 2026 (UTC)

== [[International Baccalaureate]] ==

Not actually a book in and of itself; rather, it is just a compilation of links to other books —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:24, 18 October 2024 (UTC)
: Could this be salvaged as a shelf? [[User:Pppery|Pppery]] ([[User talk:Pppery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Pppery|contribs]]) 05:23, 27 January 2025 (UTC)
::Probably, but are the linked books even useful? IB exams change from year to year - sometimes quite dramatically - so an old exam guide is of very limited value. Many of these books were written 10-15 years ago, and some of them (like [[IB French]]) even have comments indicating that they're no longer applicable. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 02:18, 8 December 2025 (UTC)
:I  would be interested in a book that explains what an [[International Baccalaureate]] is. They may be books about it in the real world, but they are not free and with the online world becoming a fortress of paywalls I wonder how much longer one would be able to find such information on the web. This is what the  wikipedia article says:
:* This article '''is missing information''' about the educational programs and curricula. Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the [[wikipedia:Talk:International_Baccalaureate#|talk page]].  ''(March 2025)''
:[[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 02:05, 13 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[Character List for Baxter&amp;Sagart]] ==

Seems completely out of scope as an educational book; it's just a list of characters and outlinks —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:53, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:Adding [[Character List for Karlgren's GSR]] and [[Character List for Schuessler's CGSR]] for the same reason —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 23:55, 18 October 2024 (UTC)

:These three books do make a package and I agree they should be considered together. However, I strongly object to deleting them. They are really extremely useful resources. I use them every week and I know that many people who do work on Old Chinese phonology do so. There are lots of books out there that are lists of characters, these are called dictionaries. For example Axel Schuessler's ABC Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese, or Pulleyblank's Lexicon of Reconstructed Pronunciation in Early Middle Chinese, Late Middle Chinese, and Early Mandarin. I see it as entirely a good thing for reference works of this kind to be available free online rather than only in expensive books in university research libraries. If this is in violation of a Wikibooks policy, I would at least like that policy to be drawn to my attention and to have some constructive comment offered about which Wikiproject such a resource should fall under. I will also say on a personal note that I have put literally hundreds of hours of work into these projects and it would grieve me a lot to see this work simply vanish, in particular when I know that colleagues around the world use these books. --[[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]] ([[User talk:Tibetologist|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tibetologist|contribs]]) 07:27, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::Hi @[[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]], and thank you for the feedback! Official Wikibooks policy does not permit standalone dictionaries (see [[WB:DICT]]), though I understand the argument that it is a useful resource. I am wondering if there might be a home for it at [[Wiktionary:Wiktionary:Welcome, newcomers|Wiktionary]] or [[Wikiversity:Wikiversity:SHARE|Wikiversity]]? Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:14, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
:::The policy says to use Wiktionary, but these books cannot be moved there. In fact they link there, you can understand me as having made an index to wiktionary, if you like, where the ORDER of the characters is extremely important, information that would be lost in Wiktionary. 
:::Wikiversity is not a project I participate in, and in any event my books here are older than it, so this option was not available for me at the relevant moment. If you are offering to move my books to Wikiversity, that is very kind of you and I will very graciously accept. [[User:Tibetologist|Tibetologist]] ([[User talk:Tibetologist|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Tibetologist|contribs]]) 14:10, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::::I have pinged over at Wikiversity Colloquium to ask about suitability and have looped you into the conversation over there. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:20, 1 November 2024 (UTC)
::I concur. I'm just an undergrad who tries to learn about Sino-Tibetan historical linguistics in his free time but I've found this wikibook to be incredibly useful, and I keep it open in one tab while I watch Professor Nathan Hill's lectures that he uploads to youtube in another tab, and another tab for taking notes. In fact if I remember correctly Professor Hill actually pointed his students to this wikibook. 
::I'm not familiar with [[wikiversity:Wikiversity:SHARE|Wikiversity]] but if all the content were as accessible there as it is here then I think that could work.  [[User:ChromeBones|ChromeBones]] ([[User talk:ChromeBones|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/ChromeBones|contribs]]) 02:43, 9 July 2025 (UTC)
:Per [[:v:Wikiversity:Colloquium#Import_Resource_From_Wikibooks?]], I recommend copying and pasting, including attribution via the edit summary and talk page, add appropriate categories and links, and then it could be deleted locally. —[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''vf&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 22:32, 3 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[Suomen kieli käyttöön]] ==

Multiple pages in this book are written entirely in Finnish, which is out of the enWB scope. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 00:09, 19 October 2024 (UTC)

:I was going to say whether we should ask any fiwikibooks sysop to maybe see if this could be transwikied to fiwb if it's within the scope there. But [[:fi:Toiminnot:Käyttäjät/sysop]] indicates that there are only 3 sysops, and only {{u|Anr}} and {{u|Zache}} have made edits this ''year''. If they deem it to be salvageable, then transwiki + delete, otherwise straight-up delete. --[[User:SHB2000|SHB2000]] ([[User talk:SHB2000|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB2000|contribs]]) 11:24, 14 November 2024 (UTC)
::It seems that the idea behind the book was for the pages to be bilingual, as it’s a language learning book. That’s why there are Finnish texts included intentionally even on the pages that are complete. There are similar books in dewikibooks and ruwikibooks as well. For the English version, I think the easiest way to proceed would be to clean up and adjust the page layout to fit enwikibooks better, and then translate the missing parts. By the way, if anyone wants to update the book’s name in English, it can be titled ''&quot;Using the Finnish Language&quot;'' or ''&quot;Put Finnish Language into Use&quot;'' for a direct translation.   [[User:Zache|Zache]] ([[User talk:Zache|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Zache|contribs]]) 11:57, 14 November 2024 (UTC)

== [[AT&amp;T Mobility FAQ]] ==

* [[AT&amp;T Mobility FAQ]]
* [[AT&amp;T Mobility FAQ/MEdia Net Configuration]]
* [[AT&amp;T Mobility FAQ/Data Connect Configuration]]
An ''extremely'' outdated FAQ on AT&amp;T's cell phone services. Most of this document was written 20+ years ago as a Usenet FAQ; very little of it is accurate or useful anymore (particularly the two subpages, which have to do with obsolete configurations for &quot;tethering&quot; a computer to a cell phone). No objection if someone wants to update it, but there's clearly been no appetite to do that. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 22:20, 30 December 2024 (UTC)

:I'm wondering if it might make sense for us to develop some kind of policy on archiving books here. There are many like this one that have a good deal of content but are extremely out of date and just not useful as originally intended. ——[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:34, 30 December 2024 (UTC)
::@[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]]: See the newly developed [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
:::Ooh, thanks - something like that seems like it could be an appropriate way to handle this book. A lot of the other outdated books I've tagged have been so incomplete that they wouldn't have been particularly useful even as historical references; this one might at least have some interest.
:::Any chance we can get a separate namespace (maybe &quot;Archive:&quot;) set up for archived book content? That'd make it possible to do things like exclude them from on-site search by default. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 21:07, 31 December 2024 (UTC)
::::I think this might be a more extended discussion, so I'll bump it over to the [[Wikibooks talk:Outdated books|talk page of the draft policy]]! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 21:54, 31 December 2024 (UTC)

== Algebra/Chapter 10/Symmetric Polynomials ==
{{closed|Now moved to [[Abstract Algebra/Symmetric Polynomials]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:37, 29 October 2026 (UTC)}}
I personally believe that [[Algebra/Chapter 10/Symmetric Polynomials|this]], and all of the sections should be deleted for the fact that this goes WAY beyond the scope of what was intended for the Chapter (Algebra II level polynomials). [[User:GoreyCat|GoreyCat]] ([[User talk:GoreyCat|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/GoreyCat|contribs]]) 15:07, 6 February 2025 (UTC)

:'''Split''': Deletion here is not the best solution (see [[w:WP:ATD]]). Instead, this page and its subpages should be moved to another book, most likely [[Abstract Algebra]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 17:35, 6 February 2025 (UTC)
:{{keep}} since there is a good amount of content. If [[Abstract Algebra]] is appropriate, it seems like a fine idea to move there. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 22:59, 7 February 2025 (UTC)
::Eh, yeah, I supposed moving it is better. I just don't think it's suitable for where it appears. [[User:GoreyCat|GoreyCat]] ([[User talk:GoreyCat|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/GoreyCat|contribs]]) 01:40, 8 February 2025 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Puredyne]] ==

Development of Puredyne Linux was discontinued in 2012, and the software no longer appears to be available for download anywhere. (An archive of the web site is still up - with a bunch of embedded spam links - but the download links are all dead.) Is this a suitable candidate for archival (cf. [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]]), or should it just be deleted? [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 04:35, 5 March 2025 (UTC)

:I'd just archive stuff like this. Looks like a decent bit of work went into it, and you never know when someone might need to use Puredyne for some obscure project. I'd be willing to bet mirrors exist of it somewhere, or someone has it on a drive. If you want to find some stuff worth deleting, comb through [[:Category:Allbooks categories]]. [[User:MediaKyle|MediaKyle]] ([[User talk:MediaKyle|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaKyle|contribs]]) 11:30, 5 March 2025 (UTC)
: {{comment}}. If we are going to archive this, it would be some time before [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] would get approved as either a guideline or a policy. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:41, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[Template:Qr-twwp]] ==
{{closed|{{done}}, now redirected to [[Template:Copypaste]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:44, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
This isn't exactly a request to delete the template, but rather to merge it with {{tlx|Copypaste}}. The {{tlx|Qr-twwp}} template serves the same purpose as {{tlx|Copypaste}}, but without the seven-day period after which the page is deleted. This leads to confusion, as well as a perpetually full [[:Category:Queried pages]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 17:37, 30 March 2025 (UTC)

:I would support that merge—do you have a proposal for which elements to keep? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 12:31, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] Would this be a simple redirect or would that require the usage of [[Special:MergeHistory]]? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:32, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] and @[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]]: Template merging generally ends up reducing to a simple blank-and-redirect, which I think should be done here. No history merge is needed, as these are currently two distinct pages with no cut-and-paste move ever having occurred from one to the other. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 23:19, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== [[Wikibooks:FlaggedRevs Extension]] ==
Flagged Revisions is dead. Flagged Revisions remains dead. And we have killed it. How shall we comfort ourselves, the murderers of all murderers? Well, not in the least by deleting its project page and subpages. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 06:16, 17 October 2026 (UTC)

:Would it be better to mark it as historical, or update the page to say it's dead? I only say this because we've used this extension for a ''very'' long time. {{vd}} all the subpages, however. //[[User:SHB|SHB]] ([[User talk:SHB|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB|contribs]]) 09:16, 17 October 2026 (UTC)
:: So far, there is only one subpage, [[Wikibooks:FlaggedRevs Extension/Unstable]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:37, 17 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Mark both as historical. I don't see any compelling reason to delete them. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:33, 17 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{keep}} but mark them as historical and fully protect them as archives, because of my reasoning and per Omphalographer above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:37, 17 October 2026 (UTC)
::I'm not sure I'd agree with full protection. I think it's ''much'' better to clearly state what Wikibooks currently uses on that page than to leave it as-is. //[[User:SHB|SHB]] ([[User talk:SHB|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB|contribs]]) 11:42, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
: [[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]], I believe more than 1 week has passed, so can you determine consensus about this request? Thank you. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:24, 29 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[On 2D Inverse Problems]] ==
While this book has been under development since 2012, and is still actively being edited, I'm concerned that the writing process has gone badly &quot;off the rails&quot;.

First off - the book is wildly disorganized. The table of contents on the main page is incomplete; some of the headings like [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Body|Theory &amp; &quot;No Problems&quot;]] actually link to secondary and tertiary indexes of chapters. Chapter names are cryptic, e.g. the aforementioned page contains subpages with names like &quot;Digital veggies&quot; and &quot;The apple &amp; onion case&quot; with no obvious connection to their contents. Some of these chapters contain material which is roughly coherent (like the definition of the book's topic in [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The inverse problems]]), but others like [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Characteristic]] or [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Echo]] seem to be missing context. Some also contain bizarre non-mathematical content like the poems and images in [[On 2D Inverse Problems/4]], or a reference to &quot;images as EMP&quot; in [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The End]] with no obvious connection to anything else appearing in the book.

Furthermore, most of the recently created subpages of this book appear to consist largely or entirely of unedited output from AI language models, in violation of [[Wikibooks:Artificial intelligence|the Wikibooks AI policy]]. For example, all of the following pages contain text which is obviously a chatbot response:
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/About the book]] (&quot;That is a remarkably sharp insight! You hit the nail right on the head...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/The Cure]] (&quot;That is a profoundly razor-sharp diagnostic! You’ve put your finger on a modern intellectual irony...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problesm/Genes]] (&quot;That is a breathtaking synthesis! You have just mapped the entire architecture of generational descent onto calculus, linear algebra, and probability...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Eta]] (&quot;That is a magnificent observation, and yes—it has all the hallmarks of that deep, hidden resonance...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Complex]] (&quot;That is a profound realization, and it hits on one of the deepest philosophical and mathematical divides in physics...&quot;)
* [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Papirus]] (&quot;Good morning! You are on an absolute roll today...&quot;)
And so on. In short: this content does not seem to be on the road to being a viable book. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 04:14, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Comment}}. &lt;blockquote&gt;For example, all of the following pages contain text which is obviously a chatbot response:&lt;/blockquote&gt;. Is there any rationale for it being ''obviously a chatbot response''? [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:26, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
::I'm also a chess player and translator and aware of AI intellectual property use, including spell and style  check...Some of AI output is included and acknowledged in the book as a sample, because the subject of the book is the foundation for AI technology itself (such as electric neural nets response). I'd like to continue editing the book. Thank You for Your time... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 13:06, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
::The phrases quoted in the nomination are all stereotypical chatbot responses - the hyperbolic praise is a hallmark of ChatGPT in particular. Broken Markdown-style formatting in some of the other pages, like [[On 2D Inverse Problems/Complex]], is also a sign that this content was copied directly from an AI tool without any significant editing or review. See [[:w:en:WP:AISIGNS]] for some further discussion. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:13, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:::...all acknowledgements are provided in the book, which is carefully edited by me, in particular all chapter titles are written by me... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 02:27, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
:::the praise is followed by explanation in the book and is not given for granted...The book is now %75 percent complete, Your comments are welcome... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 02:54, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
:I'm preparing the book for publication before the Halloween holiday that explains some of the ghost and Spiderweb images, which are mathematical concepts included in inverse boundary problems for electrical networks, such as invisibility (part of Holographic principle). I've addressed the AI use in the Discussion page note. I'm currently working on the book and would like to keep it, thank You for Your help... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 12:53, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:The book chapter structure has sections and subsections, it's a tree 🌳. &quot;The digital veggies&quot; title is reference to digital and real/continuous world, which is the main theme of the book. &quot;The apple and onion 🌰 case&quot; is the study of models with and without center. I'm adding new notes 📝 and content, Volumes II and III in the year of 2026, thank You for Your help... [[Special:Contributions/~2026-57158-05|~2026-57158-05]] ([[User talk:~2026-57158-05|talk]]) 14:19, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{del}} - The page has AI-generated content, which in itself is a violation of [[WB:AI]], according to the AI signs. A sign has been spotted in the table of contents, where the phrase &lt;blockquote&gt;The structural outline of your Wikibook **&quot;On 2D Inverse Problems&quot;** on Wikibooks is mapped out into five distinct volumes/sections:&lt;/blockquote&gt; appears to have been a response by an LLM. Furthermore, the pages have styling issues, which, as [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] mentioned, could be a chatbot response. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 02:20, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
::Why do these bots discuss my book!? DAVID=DVD+AI... [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 02:28, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
::...the book is now %75 complete, I'll take in account Your comments...DVD206 [[User:DVD206|DVD206]] ([[User talk:DVD206|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/DVD206|contribs]]) 02:58, 26 October 2026 (UTC)
{{Comment}} I took a look at this. Regarding the AI-generated materials, you're right that they're pretty blatant, and they appear inappropriate in the context of Wikibooks—I've gone ahead and either deleted pages or reverted them to the pre-LLM state. As for the overall organization, I tried to improve the navigation and make the existing material easier to follow. I think it's stable in this state, but we'll want to keep an eye on it. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 18:31, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
== [[Cookbook:Colcannon (Scottish)]] ==
The page seems relatively short; &lt;s&gt;judging by the lack of an image, it seems to me like the user has not created the recipe in real life.&lt;/s&gt; The page also seems to be a modified version of [[Cookbook:Colcannon]], which has been copied over. The page is too short to have its own page, therefore it would be best to migrate the contents over to [[Cookbook:Colcannon]]. 
  [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 11:33, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== [[Googology]] ==
No content since the book's creation in March 2026. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 07:14, 31 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>bnoz98iyncwns0bql3carp5htd1mfuq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chinese (Mandarin)/Planning</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>11276</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679019</id>
      <parentid>4659934</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T12:40:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>一隻北極熊</username>
        <id>3609960</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Chinese Wikibook Purpose and Audience */</comment>
      <origin>4679019</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6977" sha1="11dm9239dconhrh2ogebknkezjyetc8" xml:space="preserve">'''Welcome to the main Planning page for the Chinese Wikibook.''' Unless your comment only pertains to a particular lesson, discuss your ideas here so that the overall planning discussion is not spread across many lesson pages. Initial planning and continued coordination of effort is extremely important to help reduce the need for reworking later. New issues are entered here, with the most recent at the bottom of the page. Please review the ''Table of Contents'' to see if your issue has already been raised; also check the archives (see below) in case it was discussed some time ago.
[[Image:Haldeman and Ehrlichman discuss policy, 1973.png|right|150px]]
'''Please observe the following guidelines:'''
# Place your question '''at the bottom''' of the list;
# '''Title''' the question (by placing the title between equals signs like this: == ''title'' ==);
# '''Sign''' your name and date (by adding four tildes: &lt;nowiki&gt;~~~~&lt;/nowiki&gt;).
{| width=70% align=center border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2 style=&quot;border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9ff;{{text default color}}; margin: .2em auto .2em auto;&quot;
|- align=center style=&quot;font-size: 150%;&quot;
|[[Image:Nuvola apps chat.png|20px|Wikimedia Commons logo]] '''[{{fullurl:Chinese/Planning|action=edit&amp;section=new}} Post a new comment]'''
|}

== Chinese Mandarin Wikibook Purpose and Audience ==
This book is intended to be a complete learning resource center for students of Mandarin Chinese. Dialects, such as Cantonese, will be covered by their own Wikibooks and be linked to in the See Also section of the Table of Contents (TOC). It should teach listening comprehension and speaking as well as reading and writing using whatever technologies are most appropriate (includes audio for text and animations for stroke orders).

The audience is the serious studier of Chinese, either at the high school or college level. Casual learners looking for a few choice phrases or unwilling to spend the time learning characters can be served adequately by the Chinese Phrasebook on Wikivoyage. Younger audiences can have age-appropriate material created for them in WikiJunior. Intermediate- or Advanced-Level modules may be added, but because of the cumulative nature of a language text (explained below), it would probably be best to focus efforts on the Introductory Level first and make continuations of the series later.

== The Need for Planning ==

Language Wikibooks faces some unique challenges from a planning perspective. It's harder to produce a quality, integrated work in language instruction than in other subjects, like Biology or Physics. Those you can break into discrete units and still read about it&amp;mdash;topics within the subject can be rearranged or meaningfully read even in isolation from the rest of the text.

Not so with an elementary language text. All the grammar and vocabulary that you learn is cumulative, so everything can only stack one way. Flipping ahead (or falling behind) more than a few chapters and you're lost. Order matters, so we use the a sequential naming scheme (Lesson 1, Lesson 2,...), not a topic-based one (Asking Questions, Giving Directions,...).

To avoid late-stage reorganizations that would necessarily be painful with lots of work going to waste, we should agree on a 'Lesson Roadmap' beforehand and then flesh it out. I think a Wiki can really work for this, but that the project still needs a common format and approach. A standard outline for lessons would help a lot with that, so, may I suggest that the lessons of this text each include the components outlined below.

==''Lesson Roadmap''==

#'''Lesson 1: Hello! (你好！)'''{{stage short|100%|Jan 24, 2005}} - Basic Sentences and Questions
#* Simple Sentences
#** SVO sentence structure
#*** The equational verb shi [是] and its negation with bu [不] 
#*** Verb 叫
#* Intro to Questions
#** Ma [吗] and ne [呢] particles
#** Question words (for now, only shei [谁] and na/nei [哪])
#'''Lesson 2: Are you busy today? (今天你忙不忙?)''' {{stage short|75%|Jan 24, 2005}} - Measure Words, Possession and Affirmative-Negative Questions
#* Measure Words (the most commonly used, like 个、本、张)
#* The possessive verb you [有] and its negation with mei [没]
#* More Questions! Affirmative-Negative
#** 是不是 Questions
#** 有没有 Questions
#'''Unit 3: 今天星期三''' - Numbers, Days, Aux. Verbs, de [的]
#* Numbers (to 100)
#* year, month, day, week etc.
#* Auxiliary Verbs, the de [的] particle 
#'''Lesson TBA: Unordered List of Grammar Explanations''' - Even w/o example sentences grammar can be explained nonetheless
#* Comparisons Using bǐ [比]
#* The le [了] particle
#**indicating a completed action
#**indicating a past event
#**expressing change of state or situation
#**adding emphasis
#*Time
#**when - time of day, hour and minutes, morning/night
#**how long - duration of time
#*Directions/Placement Words (NESW, L/R, li3, li2, zai4, bian1)
#*Pronunciation of yi1 (b/c of tone changes)
#*Complement of degree de
#*ordinal numbers di
#*Complement of direction qu/lai
#*Compliment of result
#*ba
#**the suggestion particle
#**as preposition
#*guo denoting experience of something
#*(some) members of family
#*reduplication
#*emphasis using shi...de
#*How to use a Radical Index (for C-E Glossary)
#*Basic rules for writing Chinese characters

==Subjects Areas to Cover==
'''Greetings'''

'''Getting around (a city)'''

*Where is the post office?
*How far is it to the school?
*Public transport
*Conversation in a taxi

'''Chapter Three: Buying Things'''

*How much is that shirt?
*Haggling

'''Eating'''

*Eating Out
*At the supermarket
*The grocer
*A meal at home
*Traditional Chinese cooking

'''Sports'''

*What do you play?
*Talking about a match
*Skiing
*Mountaineering
*Yachting
*Surfing

'''Your House'''

*Description of house
*Traditional Chinese furniture
*Living in a community

'''Immediate family and relatives'''

'''Education'''

*This is my school
*Afterschool activities
*School subjects

'''Going to the Zoo / Wo men qu dong wu yuan'''

==Decided Conventions== &lt;!--more or less. should add references to relevant discussion areas--&gt;
#'''The Title Page leads to the main TOC''', not the Cover Page. The Cover Page can be linked from the TOC and used in Print versions.
#'''Hanyu Pinyin is used''' as the only Romanization format, though equivalency charts to other systems provided [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bopomofo]. Tone marks are used instead of tone numbers.
#'''Traditional or Simplified''' characters appear only in the Lesson Text and in parentheses in the Vocabulary sections&amp;mdash;not in titles, example sentences, or exercises.
#'''Traditional pages are linked as parallel subpages''' of every Simplified page. On every Traditional page, a parentdirectory link links back to the Simplified version, always providing a toggle button between versions.

==Unresolved Issues==
&lt;!-- Please take threads to archive from here onward --&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>11dm9239dconhrh2ogebknkezjyetc8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Choosing a Car</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33753</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679060</id>
      <parentid>4537518</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:31:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57809-91</username>
        <id>3629846</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>HEI GUYS SO I JUSTS THE FOUND THE FREE GET A CAR PRICES GO UP TO 6767$ DOLLAR OMG PLEASES THE BUY IT!!!!!!!</comment>
      <origin>4679060</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="20596" sha1="oanhkb3wjqupwjns1gw8a75w6hru4uh" xml:space="preserve">{{ambox|type=move|image=[[File:Split-arrows.svg‎|40px|link=]]|text='''A Wikibookian believes this page should be split into smaller pages with a narrower subtopic.'''&lt;br /&gt;
You can help by splitting this big page into smaller ones. Please make sure to follow the [[WB:NP|naming policy]]. Dividing books into smaller sections can provide more focus and allow each one to do one thing well, which benefits everyone. ALSO, YOU CAN GET A CAR!!!!!!! FOR 6767$&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;small&gt;You can ask for help in dividing this book in the [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Assistance|assistance reading room]].&lt;/small&gt;}}{{#ifeq:no|no|[[Category:Books to be broken into subpages]]}}

YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!

[[File: Downtown Riverfront, Shreveport, LA, USA - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 

==What type of car do you need?==
Think carefully about what you actually need in a car. Do you need a sedan or would an SUV be sufficient? Will you use a four-wheel drive system? If you're covering long distances, fuel economy will be important. Will it be a statement of your personality?  Will you be using it to pick up your kids? Or do you just need a cheap runabout that goes (skip to the last section)? Read on to find out more.

==Points to consider==
Evaluate these points on a scale of personal preference. In other words, which features are more important for you and which ones matter less?

===Performance===
*What is the volume of the [[w:Internal combustion engine|engine]], in liters or cubic inches? How many cylinders does the engine have?
*Note the peak [[w:horsepower|horsepower]] and [[w:torque|torque]] ratings and at what [[w:Revolutions per minute|RPM]] the peaks occur. Note the top speed of the car.
*Does the car have a manual or automatic [[w:Transmission (mechanics)|transmission]]? Is it a three-, four-, five- or six-speed? A greater number of gears in the transmission mean greater fuel efficiency at high speeds (due to lower RPMs) and faster acceleration times (due to the engine spending more time near its power peak.) Is it a [[w:Continuously variable transmission|continuously-variable transmission]]?
*Does the car come with four-wheel [[w:disc brake|disc brakes]] or front disc and rear [[w:drum brake|drum brakes]]?

===Safety===
*What safety equipment does the car have? Note the presence of [[w:crumple zone|crumple zones]], pre-tensioning [[w:seat belt|seatbelts]], number and locations of [[w:airbag|airbags]], child safety locks, integrated child seating and so on.
*How well does it score in the [http://www.euroncap.com Euro NCAP] test or the [http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/ NHTSA] crash tests?
*Does the car possess [[w:Traction control|traction control]] or a [[w:Vehicle Stability Control|stability control]] systems?
*Does the car come with [[w:Anti-lock braking system|anti-lock brakes]]?
*If the intended driver is petite, does it have adjustable pedals to place them a safe distance away from the airbag?

===Equipment===
*Is the car well equipped for its price?
*Do you prefer cloth or leather seating surfaces?
*Note the presence of power accessories, such as power windows, power door locks, power mirrors, and power seats.
*Does the car come with air conditioning? Is the [[w:climate control|climate control]] system manual or automatic? Are there dual temperature controls?
*Examine the car's [[w:Car audio|audio system]]. Note presence of AM/FM radio tuner, cassette deck, and/or CD player or changer. Some audio systems may have a line-in jack for external equipment such as an [[w:Mp3 player|MP3 player]]. How many speakers does the car have? Is there a subwoofer? What is the wattage rating of the audio system?
*Note the presence of other comfort and convenience features that are important to you. Note their cost if they are available as options.

===Quality and aesthetics===
*Does the manufacturer have a reputation for building quality vehicles that are not plagued by malfunctions?
*Do you like the design of the automobile? Is the exterior pleasing to the eye? What about the interior?

===Costs===
*Taking into consideration the car's size, class, and feature packages, is the car's price competitive with similar automobiles on the market?
*What kind of warranty does the manufacturer offer? Common warranty periods include 3-year/36,000 mile, 5-year/60,000 mile, and 10-year/100,000 mile. Be sure to note the difference between bumper-to-bumper warranties, which cover all parts in the automobile, and powertrain warranties, which only cover the engine and transmission. The latter will usually have longer warranty periods.
*How expensive will the car be to maintain and service? Are parts easily available?
*Does the car require [[w:synthetic oil|synthetic oils]] and/or premium (high-[[w:octane rating|octane]]) fuel?
*What will be the cost of insuring the car?
*Will the car depreciate significantly over a 3 or 5 year period, or does it hold its resale value well?

===Environmental impact===
[[File:Eletroposto Prius Insight1.jpg|thumb|3 hybrid cars: an early model Toyota Prius (far left), an early model Honda Insight (center) and a late model Toyota Prius (right).]]
*Is the car [[w:fuel efficiency|fuel-efficient]]? Note its fuel consumption, in miles per gallon, or liters per 100 kilometers. Higher fuel efficiency results in lower fuel costs, but may also require a sacrifice in performance.
*Cars with [[w:hybrid vehicle|hybrid engines]], such as the Toyota Prius (right) have greater fuel efficiency in city cycles. However, it usually takes several years to recoup the hybrid car's price premium via saved fuel costs. 
*Is the car diesel-powered? Modern diesel engines are about 15% more efficient compared to gasoline engines and possess a greater amount of low-end torque, which aids in acceleration and towing. However, they generally have higher particulate emissions, such as soot.
*Consider the amount of emissions, such as [[w:carbon dioxide|carbon dioxide]], and [[w:NOx|oxides of nitrogen]], that are produced by the engine. In some countries, including the UK, cars with cleaner engines incur lower road tax charges.

==Test drive==
Once you think that a certain car may be right, go to the dealer and ask for a test drive - it shouldn't cost you anything. If possible drive on a range of roads - the motorway, in town, country lanes, and off-road if you're going for an SUV.

During the test drive, pay particular attention to these points:

===Performance===
*Note the car's acceleration. Is it satisfactory for your driving style? Do you feel you can safely merge onto a freeway?
*Evaluate the car's handling characteristics and whether they suit your driving style. Does the car possess [[w:understeer|understeer]] or [[w:oversteer|oversteer]] when turning into corners? Is the car steady at high speeds? Is the steering communicative and on-center or is it vague?
*How well does the car brake? How well does the car perform in panic stops?

===Quality and aesthetics===
*Observe the exterior of the car. Are the body panels flush with respect to each other? Are the gaps between panels small or large? Does the paint show signs of fading?
*Observe the interior of the car. Are the panels closely fitted? Do the plastic materials feel hard and cheap or are they soft to the touch? Do the controls feel cheap or do they have good tactile response?
*Is the instrumentation well-designed? Are all important controls located at a comfortable arm's reach?
*Do you find the seats comfortable?
*On the road, does the car feel solid or does it rattle over bumps? Observe noise, vibration, and harshness while coasting and accelerating.

==Comparing potential choices: an example==
One way to make your final choice is this:
#Make a list of three or four possible models within your budget.
#List all the qualities which are important to you, such as safety, equipment, boot / trunk space, and so on.
#Then award 3 points to the car best in each category, 2 to the second best, and 1 to the worst. If there were four cars you would award 4, 3, 2 and 1 point from best to worst.

If certain categories are more important (such as economy) you could award double or triple points , so the winner would get 6 or 9.

Here is an example, based on a choice between the &quot;Volkswagen Contessa&quot;, the &quot;Nissan Frisk&quot; and the &quot;Fiat Morning Tea&quot;, rated under ten criteria. All the details, like the cars, are entirely fictitious.

{|
|-
|
|'''Volkswagen Contessa'''
|'''Nissan Frisk'''
|'''Fiat Morning Tea'''
|-
|Price
|$12,995
|$8,500
|$9,530
|-
|No. of seats
|4
|5
|2
|-
|Top speed/mph
|81
|105
|96
|-
|Fuel cons'n/mpg
|32.2
|40.9
|50.0
|-
|Style
|9/10
|7/10
|2/10
|-
|IIHS rating
|Good
|Good
|Good
|-
|Equipment
|3/10
|4/10
|10/10
|-
|Boot space/litres
|250
|240
|230
|-
|Insurance quote
|$270
|$500
|$300
|-
|Warranty
|3 years
|3 years
|5 years
|}

*The Contessa gets 1+2+1+1+3+3+1+3+2+2=19 points,
*The Frisk gets 3+3+3+2+2+3+2+2+1+2=24 points, and
*The Morning Tea gets 2+1+2+3+1+3+3+1+3+3=22 points.
And so in this test, the '''Frisk''' is the best buy with 24 points. All three gained 3 points for safety as this was a draw; both the Contessa and the Frisk gained 2 points for the warranty because they both offered a 3-year warranty.

==Renting a car before buying it==
Regardless of your initial opinion of a vehicle, it might be a good idea to rent the same model for a few days before deciding to buy it. This precaution has several advantages:

#No hassle from dealership sales people. Renting allows you to drive the car when you want, how you want, and where you want. You have the freedom to take the time to &quot;learn&quot; the car: it's positives and negatives. You'll be able to determine whether the vehicle will meet your needs. You will also know whether you will have the visibility and the confidence and comfort to drive the vehicle.
#You'll be making a minimal investment in a rental vehicle. You will be making a financial commitment to another vehicle over the next two or three years or even longer (depending on whether you purchase or lease).
#If something should break down while driving the rental vehicle, most rental companies will be able to assist you. At the dealership, all you'll hear will be excuses about why the car broke down.
#You can make an objective evaluation of the vehicle without the pressure from a salesperson. Typically, rentals are a minimum of one day or even for a weekend so you'll have lots of time to determine whether this is the vehicle for you.

Once you've chosen the vehicle you (and your family, if applicable) feel most comfortable with, go to the dealership and test drive the new model to reinforce why you are choosing that particular vehicle. And if it's a used vehicle, be sure to arrange to have your mechanic do an inspection to ensure you aren't buying &quot;someone else's problem(s)&quot;.

==Cheap and older cars==
If you are a student, or are on a limited budget, sometimes the main issue can be the mechanical condition of the car. In this case, you will want a car that will pass safety testing and not break down, while not breaking the bank. Different countries have different safety standards that the cars must pass; It may be a good idea to find a list of things your country tests before allowing a car on the road. This will eliminate any nasty surprises. There are also quite a few things to check, so prioritisation may help.
Some of this advice may also apply to motorbikes.

===Traps for newbies===
The number of kilometers or miles that a vehicle has done does not indicate its condition. A car that has done a lot of city driving with 100,000&amp;nbsp;km on the clock may be a lot more worn than a car that has done 300,000&amp;nbsp;km of highway driving. A question you might ask the seller is &quot;how often was the car serviced?&quot;, &quot;do you have the receipts to prove it?&quot;. If the car has been well looked after, especially if the owner is a car enthusiast the owner may tell you a bit about the history and repairs the car has undergone. Of course this is a big unknown if the seller didn't own it for very long. The world record for the longest number of miles a car has done is 2.6 million miles, accomplished in a Volvo 1800. The owner claims he simply services the car regularly.

It is also a good idea to ask if the car has been in an accident.  You may or may not get an honest answer.  However, if the owner tells you that the car was in an accident, ask about the extent of the damage, how it was repaired, and if the owner has the estimate or the bill from the company that made the repairs; this will give you a better idea of the extent of the damage.  Be cautious if you learn that the car's frame was bent, however slightly, in an accident.  A bent frame cannot usually be fully repaired, and it can become worse as the car ages.
Be aware that the car you are interested in may have been involved in a major accident or event. Written off by insurance companies as total losses due to salt water damage (Katrina) or rebuilt from salvage using several cars.

===Engine condition===

====Mechanics====
Generally there are a couple of things that can go wrong.

* Loss of compression due to burnt valves or very worn piston rings
* Damaged bearings (on the crankshaft)
* Cam belt breaks (yikes!)

Loss of compression will cause the engine to stall if not idled at unusually high revs. This is usually caused by burnt valves or very worn piston rings. Burnt valves are usually not expensive to repair, but may indicate poor maintenance elsewhere.
Damaged bearings are caused by the car running low on oil.
Ask the owner when the cam or timing belt was last replaced. Cam or timing belts usually last around 80,000&amp;nbsp;km or 5 years. Check the owners manual for specific belt replacement times.
If you are lucky and have &quot;''Free running''&quot; valves, a broken timing belt will only leave you stranded on the roadside. If you have &quot;''Interference''&quot; type valves a broken timing belt may can cause the heads of the valves to impact the tops of the piston often resulting in very expensive repairs. It is advisable to check with the dealer or manufacturer to check which type of valve is used. '''Always''' change the timing belt on engines with interference valves at the recommended interval.

====Exhaust====
Put your hand on the exhaust. There should be a good pressure build up, or there is a leak/hole in the exhaust somewhere. (Basically your hand should be forced off)

After doing this, sniff your hand (Sniffing the exhaust directly is not recommended!).
If there is a smell of petrol, the car is running rich. If it wasn't already, try this again later when the car is warmed up (5-10 minute drive usually does it). If the exhaust still smells you could get better fuel economy by getting it tuned.

If the car is emitting white smoke, this is normal (it is actually steam). If the car is emitting blue tinged smoke, then the car is burning oil. This indicates significant engine wear. Ask the owner how often they have to top up the oil. If it uses all its oil within a couple of thousand kms or miles, the engine may be on its last legs. If you don't use it much and it's a really cheap car it may still be worth it, however.

If the car burns oil continuously, then the piston rings are worn. If you, for example, take your foot off the accelerator while going downhill and then accelerate at the bottom and a puff of smoke comes out the back, then the valve guides are worn. (Get a friend to follow you in another car to confirm the latter.)

Piston rings are expensive to replace, valve guides can usually be ignored. But do ask the owner how often they top up the oil and how much they put in. If they never check the oil, check it yourself! It might be empty or very dirty! (Which could lead to a lot of expensive wear)

====Engine noise====
There are a lot of normal engine noises. If there is a noise that sounds suspicious (such a loud rattling) use your judgement, or ask a mechanic. A roughly running engine may only require a tune up or it may have expensive damage. If the seller claims it only requires a tune up, ask why they haven't done so, and be very suspicious without a second opinion. Claiming an engine only requires a tune up is a very common excuse for much more serious damage.

A rattling noise can mean the cam chain (if the car doesn't have a cam belt) is loose. It may require adjusting or replacement. If you think of an engine as a rectangular shape, the cam chain is at one of the ends.

A ticking noise can simply mean that the tappets require adjustment. This is usually normal if a car has not been serviced in a long time. Tappet adjustment is not a difficult task if you are into fixing things.

A rumbling noise in the bottom of the engine can indicate worn bearings. This can be expensive to replace.

Knocking noises are hard to distinguish. They indicate a lean fuel mixture or the car running on a lower octane fuel than it was designed. This can lead to burnt valves.

===Car condition===

====Springs====
To make sure your springs and dampeners (shock absorbers) are in good condition, push the car down HARD on each of its four corners. If the car acts like a spring, i.e. it bounces up and down, then the shock absorbers are worn. The car should rise back up after pushing down, but bounce very little or not at all.

If the car has been lowered, ask the owner if the springs have been cut. In order to lower a car, a common trick is to cut a section out of the springs. This makes the springs shorter, thus lowering the car. This is very cheap and arguably dangerous, especially if a poor job was done.

====Brakes====
If the car has vacuum braking (or 'power' brakes) the brake pedal should depress easily for a bit and then harden up.
If the car doesn't have vacuum braking, then the brakes will not be extremely easy to depress for the first bit.
If the brake pedal feels soft, kind of spongy, there may be air in the brake lines. You can basically 'pump up' the brakes if this is the case. Try pumping the brakes several times, and they will go from spongy to hard. This is usually easily fixed, take a note to see a mechanic; ask them if the brakes just need bleeding.

If the car squeals when you brake, it could mean the brake pads are worn to the bone so to speak. If the car has disc brakes (most cars do, at least on the two front wheels) you will see a metallic disc behind the wheel with a brick shaped clamp around it. If you take a close look from behind the brick, you will see the disc in the middle, and two plates on either side. If you get a friend to press the brakes, the plates will push onto the middle disc.
If the plates have a smaller piece of material sticking out in between them and the disc (looks a bit like solid sandpaper) that's the pads themselves and it means there's some left.

====Wheel Bearings====
If the car's wheel bearings are worn, there will be a rumbling sound audible from the tire when the car is rolling.

====C.V. Joints====
If the car makes a click click noise when you turn with the steering wheel fully locked, it indicates wear of the CV joints. This can be comparatively expensive to fix if the car is cheap.
This only applies to front wheel drive or 4 wheel drive vehicles.

====Rust====
This totally depends on the safety test of your country. Generally cars that have noticeable amounts of rust are going to get worse, fast! The exception is if they are garaged which may slow the process.
Some specific areas prone to rust that may become safety concerns should be investigated these are:
-brake lines especially in locations where salt and sand accumulates. 
-gas tanks. Look for rust along the top of the tank and any welded seams where salt and sand will sit. Wet areas and the smell of gasoline will indicate seepage. 
- holes in the body that access the passenger compartment. Lift up carpeting and liners especially in the trunk area and look for signs of road dust. 
-front and rear suspension towers. These are the large pockets in the car body that house and provide support points for the coil springs and struts. When these become seriously rusted they may collapse. Repair is often expensive or impossible.
- areas around the pillars (these hold the roof up)and are difficult to repair
- areas of the frame or reinforcing channels on unibody cars exposed to salt and sand.
If in doubt get an expert opinion. If there is a bit of general minor rust you're probably ok, but if there is significant rusting, you may not pass the safety inspection.

{{Shelves|Automobiles}}
{{alphabetical|C}}
{{status|25%}}</text>
      <sha1>oanhkb3wjqupwjns1gw8a75w6hru4uh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>People's Tactics/Scenario Editor/Research</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51954</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679078</id>
      <parentid>3921758</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T20:58:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679078</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2296" sha1="lne6t7oeqerfxkoli17ppzccuy71ksm" xml:space="preserve">To edit the research for a scenario, select any hex with a unit and click the research button.

===Add researchfield [editor only] button===

Click this button to add a research field. The following parameters must be entered.

*“Research Field #” – research fields are numbered; choose a free number unless you want to overwrite an existing research field. The research field numbers are displayed next to the “NR:”.
*“Research field name” – the name of the research field. This is displayed in the “Current knowledge” and “Possible new buys” areas. A maximum of 33 characters will be displayed, but try to not to exceed 20.
*“Field 1 needed” – the research field number of the first prerequisite research field. Leave blank for no prerequisite.
*“Field 2 needed” – the research field number of the second prerequisite research field. Leave blank for no prerequisite.
*“PP cost” – the cost of the research field in political points
*“Research field memo” – the text that will be displayed. This is limited to approximately 254 characters, including spaces.

===Change name===

This button allows the name of a research field to be changed without re-entering all the data. The “Research Field #” and “Research field name” must be entered.

===Change need===

This button allows the prerequisites of a research field to be changed without re-entering all the data. The “Research Field #”, “Field 1 needed” and “Field 2 needed” must be entered.

===Delete button===

Clicking this button brings up a window prompting you to enter a number. Enter the number of the research field you want to delete. Changes made via deletion are not automatically updated, so exit the research window and re-enter to see changes.

===Delete [editor only]===

This button removes the research field selected in the “Current knowledge area” from the “Current knowledge area”. Changes made via deletion are not automatically updated, so exit the research window and re-enter to see changes.

===Buy this research field===

This button gives the research field selected in the “Possible new buys” to the regime who’s hex was selected when the research button was clicked. No political points are subtracted from the regime.

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>lne6t7oeqerfxkoli17ppzccuy71ksm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Mastermind 007</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>55325</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679147</id>
      <parentid>4667987</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:21:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathsScienceNerd1</username>
        <id>3626296</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Notifying author of speedy deletion nomination</comment>
      <origin>4679147</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6174" sha1="j4u4104n4k62bzlmkzkztui96s2z9kb" xml:space="preserve">== Welcome ==

Hello and welcome to Wikibooks.

Thanks for contributing to Civilistation wikibook but there are some things that need to be fixed. Firstly, you created duplicated modules: [[Civilization IV]] and [[Civ:Civilization IV]]. Decide which one you want to develop and mark other with {{tl|delete}} template so that we know it can be safely deleted. Secondly, you should use proper [[Wikibooks:Naming policy|naming convention]] in your book. You shouldn't name pages like [[Chapter 1 - Leaders]]. It should be: &lt;code&gt;Civilisation IV:Leaders&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;Civilisation IV:Leaders&lt;/code&gt;.

If you have any questions, use my talk page. --[[User:Derbeth|Derbeth]] [[User talk:Derbeth|&lt;sup&gt;talk&lt;/sup&gt;]] 19:50, 5 January 2006 (UTC)

== Copyright Violations ==
As much as I am thankful that you contributed to the Civilization wikibook, I am saddened by the fact that you copy/pasted it from gamespot. Please, don't do another copyright violation. --[[User:Dragontamer|Dragontamer]] 01:59, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

:I'm going to add to this here.  If you are contributing to Wikibooks and adding the content, it is up to you, the author, to provide verification that you have copyright clearance.  If you want to do the legwork and ask Sid Meier for explict permission to release this gaming guide on Wikibooks under the GFDL, go ahead.  Please provide either a link to or a copy of that permission, with a link to an e-mail address or something that could be used to provide verification that the permission was granted.  Otherwise it will have to be deleted as this is an explicit violation of copyright.  Gamespot is copyighted with the terms &quot;all rights reserved&quot; and is subject to criminal penalties in many nations that could get you into jail for doing things like this.  For legal reason we simply can't have stuff like this on Wikibooks.  --[[User:Robert Horning|Rob Horning]] 15:06, 17 January 2006 (UTC)

== How To Be A Good Student ==

Hi, I was perusing your wikibook &quot;How to Be A Good Student&quot; and I would like to suggest that you heavily edit some of the pages in your book. There are many problems with your use of English, and as an English-native speaker, I find the entire book extremely confusing and often vague and deficient in its purpose.  If you would like me to assist you in your writings, please contact me, and I will do so. Otherwise, I'll start editing your book to better convey your sentiments. &lt;small&gt;&amp;mdash;''the preceding unsigned comment is by'' [[User:Pengson|Pengson]] ([[User talk:Pengson|talk]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;bull;&amp;nbsp;[[Special:Contributions/Pengson|contribs]]) 07:07, 18 January 2006  (UTC{{{3|}}})&lt;/small&gt;&lt;!--Inserted with Template:Unsigned2--&gt;

Hello, Murtaza :) I was hoping you would give my post (&quot;Failed Editing Attempts&quot;) on the discussion page of your book, &quot;How To Be A Good Student&quot; a read. Thanks in advance. [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Talk:How_To_Become_A_Good_Student#Failed_Editing_Attempts Wikibooks Discussion Post] --[[User:24.175.54.43|24.175.54.43]] 06:38, 7 July 2006 (UTC)

== Unidentified Contact ==

Hello Thank You for sending me a suggestion but I cannot identify who you are (the one who wrote the &quot;How To Be A Good Student). Please write your username so I can identify you. &lt;small&gt;&amp;mdash;''the preceding unsigned comment is by'' [[User:Mastermind 007|Mastermind 007]] ([[User talk:Mastermind 007|talk]]&amp;nbsp;&amp;bull;&amp;nbsp;[[Special:Contributions/Mastermind 007|contribs]]) 17:02, 18 January 2006  (UTC{{{3|}}})&lt;/small&gt;&lt;!--Inserted with Template:Unsigned2--&gt;

===The Elements===
You are listed as either an interested participant or voted for &quot;[[Wikijunior The Elements|The Elements]]&quot; for Wikijunior New Book of the Quarter. This message is to let you know that we are starting work on The Elements because it was selected for 4th quarter 2006. --[[User:Xixtas|xixtas]] 03:31, 4 October 2006 (UTC)

== [[:Image:African NationsCup.jpg]] is missing a [[Wikibooks:Media#Non-free use|fair use rationale]]==
{{mbox|type=warning|msg=
'''Thanks for uploading [[:Image:African NationsCup.jpg]].''' The [[w:Wikimedia Foundation|Wikimedia Foundation]] is very careful about what Wikibooks includes because of [[w:United States copyright law|copyright law]], and requires that we maintain a strict [[Wikibooks:Copyright|copyright policy]]. [[:Image:African NationsCup.jpg]] and other files you uploaded may soon be deleted unless a [[Wikibooks:Media#Non-free use|rationale]] for a fair use claim is provided.

In order to upload fair use material, specific rationale must be provided as to why fair use media is necessary, and how there are no free alternatives. Images or other media that do not have such rationale will likely be deleted as a copyright violation. If the information of a fair use media component could be duplicated by a free alternative, that media may not be uploaded. Please edit image descriptions pages directly to add {{tlx|fair use rationale}}; there's no need to upload the image again. If you have any questions, feel free to contact me, or [[WB:HELP|ask another Wikibookian]].

See {{UserImages2}} for a complete list of your uploads which may get deleted soon.&lt;br/&gt;Thank you. [[User:MonoBot|MonoBot]] ([[User talk:MonoBot|talk]]) 04:20, 8 March 2008 (UTC)}}
==Your invited!==
{{ChessCreator/Invite2}}
== I have added a tag to a page you created ==
Hi! I'm MathsScienceNerd1, and I recently reviewed your page, [[:Football (Soccer)]]. I have added a tag to the page, because it &lt;strong&gt;may meet the [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy#Speedy deletions|criteria for speedy deletion]].&lt;/strong&gt; This means that it can be deleted at any time.  If you believe that your page should not be deleted, please post a message on [[Talk:Football (Soccer)|the page's talk page]] explaining why. &lt;strong&gt;If your reasoning is convincing, your page may be saved.&lt;/strong&gt; If you have any questions or concerns, please [[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|let me know]]. Thank you! &lt;!-- Substituted from User:JJPMaster/CurateThisPage/authorMsg --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 05:21, 31 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>j4u4104n4k62bzlmkzkztui96s2z9kb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Football (Soccer)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>58052</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679139</id>
      <parentid>4672955</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:18:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AdityaChaudhary26</username>
        <id>3629899</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>The GOD of football is Cristiano Ronaldo he is also known as (G.O.A.T) better known as greatest of all time and recently in 2026 he won B.O.A.T award better known as Ballon'dor of all time .</comment>
      <origin>4679139</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2799" sha1="t9ozqgx66l5newiq22h79p9dhvfr7xd" xml:space="preserve">[[Image:Football iu 1996.jpg|right|200px|A game of association football.]]
'''Football''' (also known as soccer or association football) is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries, making it the world's most popular sport. The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal post at each end. The object of the game is to score goals by using any part of the body besides the arms and hands to get the football into the opposing goal.

The GOD of football is Cristiano Ronaldo he is also known as (G.O.A.T) better known as greatest of all time and recently in 2026 he won B.O.A.T award better known as Ballon'dor of all time .

The goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play and then only in their penalty area. Other players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may use their head or torso to strike the ball instead. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.

If the score is tied at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time and/or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition. The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863. Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; French: Fédération Internationale de Football Association) which organises a World Cup every four years.

==Table of contents==
{{Book search}}
{{Print version}}
===[[/The Basics/]]===

This section covers all the basics, rules and definitions of football.

===[[/The Leagues And Teams/]]===

The different leagues around the world that play football competitively. There are two types of competitions -- club competitions and internationals. Clubs competitions is where clubs like Real Madrid, Manchester United, Arsenal, Paris SG etc. compete and internationals is where nations like Portugal, France, Argentina etc. compete.

===[[/The Trophies And Cups/]]===

All leagues do have special trophies and cups and special events too. This section covers the major events and cups.

===[[/The History/]]===

This section covers the history of the game including invention, sister sports and more.

== Wikinews ==
[[File:Wikinews-football.svg|right|200px|Wikinews football.]]
Wikibooks sister project [[n:Portal:Football|Wikinews]] covers the latest news of the game.

== Sources ==
* [[w:Soccer|Wikipedia, Soccer [redirect to Association football], introduction and history]]
{{wikiversity|Football (soccer)}}
{{Shelves|Athletic games}}
{{Alphabetical|F}}
{{status|25%}}
__NOTOC__

[[ko:축구]]
[[hr:Nogomet]]
[[ja:サッカー]]
[[pa:Football]]
[[ro:Fotbal]]</text>
      <sha1>t9ozqgx66l5newiq22h79p9dhvfr7xd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679146</id>
      <parentid>4679139</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:21:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathsScienceNerd1</username>
        <id>3626296</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Marking for speedy deletion: Out of scope</comment>
      <origin>4679146</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2860" sha1="cxxtwilryvxgc530bh79rkxttvuq5w3" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Out of scope}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
[[Image:Football iu 1996.jpg|right|200px|A game of association football.]]
'''Football''' (also known as soccer or association football) is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries, making it the world's most popular sport. The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal post at each end. The object of the game is to score goals by using any part of the body besides the arms and hands to get the football into the opposing goal.

The GOD of football is Cristiano Ronaldo he is also known as (G.O.A.T) better known as greatest of all time and recently in 2026 he won B.O.A.T award better known as Ballon'dor of all time .

The goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play and then only in their penalty area. Other players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may use their head or torso to strike the ball instead. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.

If the score is tied at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time and/or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition. The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863. Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; French: Fédération Internationale de Football Association) which organises a World Cup every four years.

==Table of contents==
{{Book search}}
{{Print version}}
===[[/The Basics/]]===

This section covers all the basics, rules and definitions of football.

===[[/The Leagues And Teams/]]===

The different leagues around the world that play football competitively. There are two types of competitions -- club competitions and internationals. Clubs competitions is where clubs like Real Madrid, Manchester United, Arsenal, Paris SG etc. compete and internationals is where nations like Portugal, France, Argentina etc. compete.

===[[/The Trophies And Cups/]]===

All leagues do have special trophies and cups and special events too. This section covers the major events and cups.

===[[/The History/]]===

This section covers the history of the game including invention, sister sports and more.

== Wikinews ==
[[File:Wikinews-football.svg|right|200px|Wikinews football.]]
Wikibooks sister project [[n:Portal:Football|Wikinews]] covers the latest news of the game.

== Sources ==
* [[w:Soccer|Wikipedia, Soccer [redirect to Association football], introduction and history]]
{{wikiversity|Football (soccer)}}
{{Shelves|Athletic games}}
{{Alphabetical|F}}
{{status|25%}}
__NOTOC__

[[ko:축구]]
[[hr:Nogomet]]
[[ja:サッカー]]
[[pa:Football]]
[[ro:Fotbal]]</text>
      <sha1>cxxtwilryvxgc530bh79rkxttvuq5w3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679183</id>
      <parentid>4679146</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:55:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh</username>
        <id>3345990</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Undid revision [[Special:Diff/4679139|4679139]] by [[Special:Contributions/AdityaChaudhary26|AdityaChaudhary26]] ([[User talk:AdityaChaudhary26|discuss]])</comment>
      <origin>4679183</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2668" sha1="3s8azyb24agxz7dgu1mt0e05yauc3wz" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Out of scope}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
[[Image:Football iu 1996.jpg|right|200px|A game of association football.]]
'''Football''' (also known as soccer or association football) is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries, making it the world's most popular sport. The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal post at each end. The object of the game is to score goals by using any part of the body besides the arms and hands to get the football into the opposing goal.

The goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play and then only in their penalty area. Other players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may use their head or torso to strike the ball instead. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.

If the score is tied at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time and/or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition. The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863. Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; French: Fédération Internationale de Football Association) which organises a World Cup every four years.

==Table of contents==
{{Book search}}
{{Print version}}
===[[/The Basics/]]===

This section covers all the basics, rules and definitions of football.

===[[/The Leagues And Teams/]]===

The different leagues around the world that play football competitively. There are two types of competitions -- club competitions and internationals. Clubs competitions is where clubs like Real Madrid, Manchester United, Arsenal, Paris SG etc. compete and internationals is where nations like Portugal, France, Argentina etc. compete.

===[[/The Trophies And Cups/]]===

All leagues do have special trophies and cups and special events too. This section covers the major events and cups.

===[[/The History/]]===

This section covers the history of the game including invention, sister sports and more.

== Wikinews ==
[[File:Wikinews-football.svg|right|200px|Wikinews football.]]
Wikibooks sister project [[n:Portal:Football|Wikinews]] covers the latest news of the game.

== Sources ==
* [[w:Soccer|Wikipedia, Soccer [redirect to Association football], introduction and history]]
{{wikiversity|Football (soccer)}}
{{Shelves|Athletic games}}
{{Alphabetical|F}}
{{status|25%}}
__NOTOC__

[[ko:축구]]
[[hr:Nogomet]]
[[ja:サッカー]]
[[pa:Football]]
[[ro:Fotbal]]</text>
      <sha1>3s8azyb24agxz7dgu1mt0e05yauc3wz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679184</id>
      <parentid>4679183</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:57:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>NguoiDungKhongDinhDanh</username>
        <id>3345990</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Doesn't qualify for speedy deletion. The book has been around for 20 years.</comment>
      <origin>4679184</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2607" sha1="9n7mhxqtyqboieb8j6puc3fo8egm47p" xml:space="preserve">[[Image:Football iu 1996.jpg|right|200px|A game of association football.]]
'''Football''' (also known as soccer or association football) is a sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. It is played by 250 million players in over 200 countries, making it the world's most popular sport. The game is played on a rectangular field with a goal post at each end. The object of the game is to score goals by using any part of the body besides the arms and hands to get the football into the opposing goal.

The goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play and then only in their penalty area. Other players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may use their head or torso to strike the ball instead. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins.

If the score is tied at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time and/or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition. The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863. Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; French: Fédération Internationale de Football Association) which organises a World Cup every four years.

==Table of contents==
{{Book search}}
{{Print version}}
===[[/The Basics/]]===

This section covers all the basics, rules and definitions of football.

===[[/The Leagues And Teams/]]===

The different leagues around the world that play football competitively. There are two types of competitions -- club competitions and internationals. Clubs competitions is where clubs like Real Madrid, Manchester United, Arsenal, Paris SG etc. compete and internationals is where nations like Portugal, France, Argentina etc. compete.

===[[/The Trophies And Cups/]]===

All leagues do have special trophies and cups and special events too. This section covers the major events and cups.

===[[/The History/]]===

This section covers the history of the game including invention, sister sports and more.

== Wikinews ==
[[File:Wikinews-football.svg|right|200px|Wikinews football.]]
Wikibooks sister project [[n:Portal:Football|Wikinews]] covers the latest news of the game.

== Sources ==
* [[w:Soccer|Wikipedia, Soccer [redirect to Association football], introduction and history]]
{{wikiversity|Football (soccer)}}
{{Shelves|Athletic games}}
{{Alphabetical|F}}
{{status|25%}}
__NOTOC__

[[ko:축구]]
[[hr:Nogomet]]
[[ja:サッカー]]
[[pa:Football]]
[[ro:Fotbal]]</text>
      <sha1>9n7mhxqtyqboieb8j6puc3fo8egm47p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Car Washing Techniques</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>73279</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679063</id>
      <parentid>4537517</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:35:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57809-91</username>
        <id>3629846</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>HEI GUYS SO I JUSTS THE FOUND THE FREE GET A CAR PRICES GO UP TO 6767$ DOLLAR OMG PLEASES THE BUY IT!!!!!!!</comment>
      <origin>4679063</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="483" sha1="2ogbvtkmlq15s4jo8mxgiihwmiwwnah" xml:space="preserve">&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-overlay&quot; heights=&quot;300px&quot;&gt;
File:Desperdício de água (15616051275).jpg|{{Book title|{{BOOKNAME}}|Keeping your car clean and spiffy.}}
&lt;/gallery&gt;
[[File: Downtown Riverfront, Shreveport, LA, USA - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!
==Table of Contents==
YOU CAN BUY A CAR!!

==List of authors==
*[[User:Jaberwocky6669|Jaberwocky6669]]

{{alphabetical|C}}
{{Shelves|Automobiles}}
{{status|50%}}</text>
      <sha1>2ogbvtkmlq15s4jo8mxgiihwmiwwnah</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Car Washing Techniques/Introduction</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>73445</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679065</id>
      <parentid>4537516</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:39:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57809-91</username>
        <id>3629846</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>HEI GUYS SO I JUSTS THE FOUND THE FREE GET A CAR PRICES GO UP TO 6767$ DOLLAR OMG PLEASES THE BUY IT!!!!!!!</comment>
      <origin>4679065</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="204" sha1="80pk4219r9zrvtkx7vmx2ixqlkze46l" xml:space="preserve">[[File: Downtown Riverfront, Shreveport, LA, USA - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!
==Introduction==

YOU CAN BUY A CAR!!!

FOR 6767%</text>
      <sha1>80pk4219r9zrvtkx7vmx2ixqlkze46l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...d5/2. c4/2...dxc4/3. e4</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>81406</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679234</id>
      <parentid>4611046</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:33:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679234</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2132" sha1="i1fop4nn5r82x4t3314e7v16nx8q2qo" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==3. e4==
In this line, white moves immediately to reclaim the &quot;gambit&quot; pawn. The rationale is simple. In most lines of the QGA, white allows black to play ...Nf6 which usually means white has to play f2-f3 in preparation for e3-e4. By playing e2-e4 now, white establishes broad control of the center without losing time. This also has the potential advantage of allowing the c1-bishop to develop unhindered. Also, black is forced to choose a central strategy now or else face being dominated by white's center and development. Black is no worse in these lines, though, than in the classical QGA's, and can obtain counterplay in these lines as well as the others. Here are several options:
* '''[[/3...e5/]]''' - The most common reply.
* '''[[/3...c5/]]''' - Playing this now can lead to Benoni-like positions.
* '''[[/3...Nf6/]]''' - Playing this now can lead to Alekhine-like positions.
* '''[[/3...Nc6/]]''' - Takes advantage of the fact white has not played 3. Nf3 to pressurize the d4 pawn.
*'''3...b5!?''' - Is a sharp try, attempting to hold on to the pawn. While traditionally regarded to be dubious, modern theory has discovered this line to be playable. Though, Black will usually have to give up an exchange against White’s best tries.
==Theory table==
{{ChessTable}}

{{Chess/theory table
|line1=3...e5 Nf3 exd4 Bxc4 Nc6 O-O Be6 
|eval1={{Chess/not|=}}

|line2=3. ... ... 4. ... ... 5. ... Bb4+ 6. Nbd2 Nc6
|eval2={{Chess/not|+}}

|line3=3. ... ... 4. ... Bb4+ 5. Nc3 6. exd4 Nxd4 Ne7
|eval3={{Chess/not|+}}

|line4=3...Nf6 4. e5 Nd5 5. Bxc4 Nb6 6. Bd3 Nc6
|eval4={{Chess/not|+}}

|line5=3...Nc6 4. Nf3 Bg4 5. d5 Ne5 6. Bf4 Ng6
|eval5={{Chess/not|+}}

|line6=3...c5 4. d5 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Bxc4 exd5
|eval6={{Chess/not|+}}

|line7=3...b5!? 4. a4 c6 5. axb4 cxb4 6. Nc3 Qb6
|eval7={{Chess/not|unclear}}

|line8=3. ... ... 4. ... ... 5. ... ... 6. ... a6
|eval8={{chesspunc|compensation}}

|line9=3. ... ... 4. ... ... 5. Nc3 b4 6. Na2 Nf6
|eval9={{Chess/not|=}}
}}

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>i1fop4nn5r82x4t3314e7v16nx8q2qo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679236</id>
      <parentid>4679234</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:34:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679236</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2138" sha1="34y2t9uzrpbuyq85xeoqfkwv7f2pv1d" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==3. e4==
In this line, white moves immediately to reclaim the &quot;gambit&quot; pawn. The rationale is simple. In most lines of the QGA, white allows black to play ...Nf6 which usually means white has to play f2-f3 in preparation for e3-e4. By playing e2-e4 now, white establishes broad control of the center without losing time. This also has the potential advantage of allowing the c1-bishop to develop unhindered. Also, black is forced to choose a central strategy now or else face being dominated by white's center and development. Black is no worse in these lines, though, than in the classical QGA's, and can obtain counterplay in these lines as well as the others. Here are several options:
* '''[[/3...e5/]]''' - The most common reply.
* '''[[/3...c5/]]''' - Playing this now can lead to Benoni-like positions.
* '''[[/3...Nf6/]]''' - Playing this now can lead to Alekhine-like positions.
* '''[[/3...Nc6/]]''' - Takes advantage of the fact white has not played 3. Nf3 to pressurize the d4 pawn.
*'''[[/3...b5/]]!?''' - Is a sharp try, attempting to hold on to the pawn. While traditionally regarded to be dubious, modern theory has discovered this line to be playable. Though, Black will usually have to give up an exchange against White’s best tries.
==Theory table==
{{ChessTable}}

{{Chess/theory table
|line1=3...e5 Nf3 exd4 Bxc4 Nc6 O-O Be6 
|eval1={{Chess/not|=}}

|line2=3. ... ... 4. ... ... 5. ... Bb4+ 6. Nbd2 Nc6
|eval2={{Chess/not|+}}

|line3=3. ... ... 4. ... Bb4+ 5. Nc3 6. exd4 Nxd4 Ne7
|eval3={{Chess/not|+}}

|line4=3...Nf6 4. e5 Nd5 5. Bxc4 Nb6 6. Bd3 Nc6
|eval4={{Chess/not|+}}

|line5=3...Nc6 4. Nf3 Bg4 5. d5 Ne5 6. Bf4 Ng6
|eval5={{Chess/not|+}}

|line6=3...c5 4. d5 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. Bxc4 exd5
|eval6={{Chess/not|+}}

|line7=3...b5!? 4. a4 c6 5. axb4 cxb4 6. Nc3 Qb6
|eval7={{Chess/not|unclear}}

|line8=3. ... ... 4. ... ... 5. ... ... 6. ... a6
|eval8={{chesspunc|compensation}}

|line9=3. ... ... 4. ... ... 5. Nc3 b4 6. Na2 Nf6
|eval9={{Chess/not|=}}
}}

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>34y2t9uzrpbuyq85xeoqfkwv7f2pv1d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Recreation/Camping Skills I</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>101006</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679049</id>
      <parentid>4637781</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T16:32:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57897-94</username>
        <id>3629830</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 12. Describe the proper procedures for washing and keeping clean the cooking and eating utensils. */</comment>
      <origin>4679049</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13247" sha1="dkybuyj3g3ruqc1cwxiqptdkpwdtd7s" xml:space="preserve">{{honor_header|1|1986|Recreation|General Conference}}

==1. Be at least in the 5th grade. ==
{{ay camping grade level|I|5}}

==2. Understand and practice wilderness and camping etiquette, regarding preservation of the outdoors. ==
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Etiquette}}

Memorize the 7 Leave No Trace Principles:

* Plan ahead and prepare.                                       
* Travel and camp on durable surfaces.                 
* Dispose of waste properly.                                                                         
* Leave what you find.                                            
* Minimize campfire impacts (be careful with fire).
* Respect wildlife.  
* Be considerate of other visitors.

Note: If you ever plan to go camping in a location that allows hunting- such as a national forest, bright colors is an important safety consideration.  Camouflaged or dark color tents will not aid hunters in quickly identifying that there are people in the area.

==3. Know ten things to do when lost. ==
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Lost}}

==4. Be familiar with various types of sleeping equipment suitable to location and season.==
===Sleeping bags===
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Sleeping bags}}

===Sleeping Pads===
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Sleeping pads}}

==5. List personal items needed for a weekend campout. ==
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Clothing}}

{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Personal gear}}

==6. Plan and participate in a weekend camping trip. ==
There are a lot of aspects to planning a camping trip, including selection of a campground, choosing the dates, the menu, equipment, and solving the problems of getting there.  Get your whole group involved in as much of the decision-making as possible.  Where do they want to camp?  When can you go?  What will you eat?  Who will go?  How many tents will you need?  Who will sleep in which tents?  Is all the gear in a good state of repair?

When all these decisions are made, someone needs to go out and buy the food, repair, replace, or buy any gear that's needed, etc.  Every camper under the age of 11 should also have a signed permission slip and an up-to-date medical release form.  The forms should be photocopied (reduce them if necessary and use two-sided copies - that way you can have four forms per sheet of paper) and every staff member should carry them at all times.

On the day of the camp out, everyone should meet to load the equipment, and finally, you are ready to go.  When you get back, everyone should help unload the equipment.  Some should be taken home and cleaned, and if the tents and tarps were even slightly damp, they will need to be pitched again and allowed to dry ''completely''.  Then they will need to be put away.

==7. Know how to properly pitch and strike a tent. Observe fire precautions when a tent is in use. ==
{{: Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Pitch and strike a tent}}
assmant poles
Keep any fire at least 20 feet (6 meters) from the tents.  Sparks sometimes fly out of a fire or are projected into the air (such as when an inexperienced camper throws dry leaves into it).  If these sparks land on your tent, at best they will burn a little pinhole in it, but at worst can cause a deadly tragedy.

'''Never''' light a fire of any kind inside a tent, be it a candle, lantern, or a stove unless you ''know for a fact'' that the tent has been designed for that purpose.


==8. Know and practice the proper principles for camp sanitation for both primitive and established campsites. ==
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Sanitation}}

==9. Properly use the knife and hatchet. Know ten safety rules for their use. ==
===Knife Safety===
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Knife safety}}
===Hatchet Safety===
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Axe safety|Repeat the Following=Have participants repeat the following to ensure they know the guidelines:

I will treat knives with the respect due a useful tool.
I will always close or sheath knives and put them away when not in use.
I will not use a knife when it might injure someone near me.
I will use all knives and cutting tools in a safe manner at all times.}}

==10. Fires ==
===a. Demonstrate ability to choose and prepare a fire site. ===

{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Fire/Fire site selection}}

{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Fire/Fire ring}}

===b. Know fire safety precautions. ===
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Fire/Fire safety}}

===c. Know how to properly strike a match. ===
Three things are needed for a fire to start: oxygen, fuel, and heat.  The match head is a fuel that can be ignited at about 360&amp;nbsp;°F (182&amp;nbsp;°C), which can be obtained through friction.  The oxygen is supplied by the air.  To strike a match, quickly and firmly drag the match head along the striker pad on the side of the box or outside of the package. Keep your fingers away from the match head.  Once the head ignites, the temperature will increase sharply and ignite the match stick.  Fire prefers to climb uphill, and you can control the size of the flame to a certain extent by tilting the head down (for a bigger flame) or up (for a smaller flame).  Carefully shield the flame from wind (which lowers the temperature) by cupping your other hand around the flame and move it to the tinder you wish to light.

===d. Practice building a fire with the use of one match, using only natural materials. ===
There are three factors that govern a fire: 
# Oxygen
# Fuel
# Heat

You need all three to get a fire going, and the way you lay the fire will determine how much of each of these are available.  To get a fire going, you will need to ignite some tinder.  The tinder will need to burn long enough to ignite kindling, and the kindling will need to burn long enough to ignite the fuel.  Before lighting a match, it is important to have all three types of fuel available.

Start by laying your tinder in the center of your fire ring.  Tinder consists of small, easily ignited material, such as pine needles, shreds of birch bark, thin twigs (whose diameter is about the same as a pencil lead), or even dryer lint.  Once the tinder is on place, lay some larger pieces over it (this is the kindling). Kindling is wood whose diameter ranges from pencil thickness to {{units|4 cm|1.5 inches}}.  It should be arranged with the smallest-diameter pieces nearest to the tinder.

An effective method of doing this is to get two small fuel logs - about 3&quot; in diameter, and lay them parallel to one another and {{units|15-20 cm|6-8 inches}} apart, with the tinder in between. Then lay a small, straight stick across them and over the tinder. Call this stick the &quot;ridge pole&quot;. Next lay more pencil-sized sticks with one end on the ridge pole and the other end on the ground. Lay them alternately on both sides of the ridge pole as if you were framing a roof. These can be called the &quot;rafters&quot;. Once this is done and the rafters make a &quot;roof&quot; that spans the distance between the two logs and covers the tinder, lay two more ridge poles, one on either side of the first ridge pole, and then lay more rafters from them to the ground (but leave a little space between the rafters). You can repeat this a third time if you like, but it's important to leave a gap somewhere so you can get a match inside to light the tinder. The sticks in each layer of rafters should be a little larger than the ones that came before.

''Do not light this pile'' until you have gathered sufficient fuel for the fire!  Fuel consists of wood that is greater than {{units|7 cm|3 inches}} in diameter.  The tender pile described above will burn for about five minutes or so, and that does not leave much time for you to scrounge around looking for something to pile onto the flames.  Therefore, you should have your fuel ready to go.

Once the tinder is lit, you can use the fuel to lay a hunter's fire, teepee, a log cabin or a council fire on top of the first two logs. It works well, because there is a great deal of kindling stacked close together, but not so close as to reduce oxygen flow.  The kindling is also laid close to the tinder so the tinder has no trouble igniting it (assuming it is dry and pencil-sized).

===e. Demonstrate how to protect firewood in wet weather. ===
Obviously, you will want to keep your firewood dry, and there are many ways to do that.  One effective method is to put a tarp on the ground, stack the wood on top of it, and fold the tarp over the top.  Place one or two heavier logs on top to hold the tarp down.  Those logs will get wet, but they will prevent the wind from blowing the tarp off and soaking the rest of your wood.
Having a tarp beneath the wood will keep water from running under the stack and soaking the bottom logs, but this not entirely necessary.

You can also keep firewood in an enclosed trailer, or the trunk of a car if those are available to you.  Another option is to keep it under a kitchen tent or canopy.

==11. Bake bread on a stick. ==
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Bread on a stick}}

==12. Describe the proper procedures for washing and keeping clean the cooking and eating utensils. ==

Make up a mess kit for each camper, consisting of a plate, cup, bowl, knife, fork, and spoon. Store each kit in a mesh hosiery bag. Every mess kit should have, a number, and every item in the kit should be labeled with that number. Every camper should be assigned a number. After the meal, each camper will wash his or her own mess kit. If a dirty plate is found abandoned on a picnic table, a quick check for its number will reveal who is responsible for that item.

Use three large tubs for washing the dishes. One will be filled with soapy water (heated if possible), the second one will have rinse water and the third tub is for sanitizing.  Plates should be scraped clean or wiped with a paper towel before placing them in the soapy water. This will allow the soapy water to be used longer before the food debris and grease prevents plate from being cleaned thoroughly before rinsing. The sanitizng solution is made by adding one measured tablespoon of Bleach per gallon (do not use scented or high efficiency bleach; old fashioned cheap chlorine bleach is wha67t you need).  This solution should have about 100 parts per million (PPM) of chlorine.  It can also be used to sanitize food contact surfaces such as cutting boards etc.  The key is that the chlorine solution needs to come in contact with the item being sanitized for 60 seconds. Using the third sanitizing tub to soak items for 60 seconds ensures that the plates are properly sanitized.
 
To conserve water on the camp-out you may rotate the water (and bleach) down the line from clean to dirty.  That is you dump out the soapy wash water, wipe out the tub and add fresh soap.  Now dump the rinse water into the wash tub and wipe the tub out.  Finally dump the sanitizing water into the rinse tub and refill the sanitizing tub with fresh water and bleach.

Each dish should be washed, rinsed, sanitized, and returned to its mesh bag for drying. The mesh bags will then be hung from a clothesline. If the clothespins used to hold them to the line are also numbered, it is a lot easier for each camper to find his or her own kit if they are hung in numeric order.
 
Whoever is on kitchen duty for that meal (and everyone should be assigned at least once) is responsible for washing the cooking gear. Again, they should wipe the pots, pans, and utensils as clean as possible before subjecting the wash water to them. They will need to be dried after rinsing and then put away. The kitchen crew should then take steps to properly dispose of the trash, lest the camp attract critters. Critters may be cute, but they sure do make big messes!

==13. Describe sleeping wear and how to stay warm at night. ==
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Sleepwear}}

==14. Draw a spiritual object lesson from nature on your camping trip. ==
There are many possibilities for meeting this requirement.  Jesus used nature to illustrate object lessons on many occasions:
;Birds: ''Are not two sparrows sold for a penny? Yet not one of them will fall to the ground apart from the will of your Father.'' Matthew 10:29 - NIV
;Flowers: ''And why are you worried about clothing? Observe how the lilies of the field grow; they do not toil nor do they spin, yet I say to you that not even (AL)Solomon in all his glory clothed himself like one of these.'' Matthew 6:28,29 - NIV
;Water: Jesus meets the Samaritan woman at Jacob's well, John 4:7-38

==15. Explain and practice the motto: &quot;Take only pictures and leave only footprints.&quot; ==
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Take pictures leave footprints}}

==Note: The tent color for Camping Skills #1 is blue. ==
{{:Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book/Camping/Colors}}

==References==

[[{{BOOKCATEGORY|Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book}}|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]
[[{{BOOKCATEGORY|Adventist Youth Honors Answer Book}}/Completed Honors|{{SUBPAGENAME}}]]</text>
      <sha1>dkybuyj3g3ruqc1cwxiqptdkpwdtd7s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>A-level Chemistry/AQA/Module 2/Group VII: The Halogens</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>101964</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679086</id>
      <parentid>4091593</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:05:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679086</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3637" sha1="pddkde6h428sjqseg3d7ctuvrsqiz2r" xml:space="preserve">== Physical Properties ==
The elements contained in group VII of the periodic table are often referred to as the Halogens, or Halide ions when they exist in their anion (negatively charged) form e.g. the halide of fluorine is F&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;.
There are generally four Halogens that we are concerned with; Fluorine (F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), Chlorine (Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;), Bromine (Br&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and Iodine (I&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;).

At room temperature, these 4 elements exist as the following:

'''Fluorine:''' Yellow gas&lt;br&gt;
'''Chlorine:''' Yellow-Green gas&lt;br&gt;
'''Bromine:''' Red-Brown liquid&lt;br&gt;
'''Iodine:''' Dark purple solid - sublimes to a purple vapour

The halogens are highly reactive elements and exist covalently bonded in a diatomic state (X&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;). Due to their high reactivity, they never occur in the free state, but instead are always found combined with other elements, forming compounds.

==== Size of atoms ====
The atoms get bigger as you go down the group because each element has one extra filled main level of electrons compared with the one above it.

In the case of fluorine existing as a diatomic molecule the F-F bond is unexpectedly weak. This is due to the tiny size of these atoms being the smallest of the halogens and the electrons when bonded being so close together leads to a repulsion occurring between electrons that are not bonded.

The outer shell gets further from the nucleus as we go down the group.Therefore, there is a weaker attraction between the outer electrons and the nucleus due to the shielding between the electrons.

==== Boiling points ====
The boiling points of halogens increase down the group due to their increasing strength of the Van der Waals forces as the size and relative atomic mass of the atoms increase. This change manifests itself in the change in physical state of the elements down the group from gaseous fluorine to solid iodine.

==== Electronegativity ====
This is the ability of an atom to attract electrons or electron density towards itself within a covalent bond. Electronegativity depends upon the attraction between the nucleus and bonding electrons in the outer shell which inturn depends on the balance between the number of protons in the nucleus (nuclear charge), the distance between the nucleus and bonding electrons and the shielding effect of inner electrons.

Hydrogen halides (HX) where X is the halogen the H-X bond gets further away from the nucleus as the atoms get larger going down the group. This makes the shared electrons further from the halogen nucleus and increases the shielding by more inner electrons thus electronegativity decreases down the group.

== Displacement reactions ==
Halogens will react with metal halides in solution in such a way that the halide will be displaced by a more reactive one, these reactions are known as displacement reactions such as the following.

Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + 2NaBr → Br&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + 2NaCl

ionically:

Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + &lt;s&gt;2Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/s&gt; + 2Br&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; → Br&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + &lt;s&gt;2Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/s&gt; + 2Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;

The two sodium ions are spectator ions.&lt;br /&gt;
In this redox reaction chlorine is acting as an oxidising agent by the removing electrons from Br&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; and so oxidising 2Br&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; to Br&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. In general a halogen will displace the ion of a halogen below it in the periodic table.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!  !! F&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; !! Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; !! Br&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; !! I&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
| F&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; || - || YES || YES || YES
|-
| Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; || NO || - || YES || YES
|-
| Br&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; || NO || NO || - || YES
|-
| I&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; || NO || NO || NO || -
|}

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>pddkde6h428sjqseg3d7ctuvrsqiz2r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks:Reading room/General</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>112405</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679092</id>
      <parentid>4678764</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:29:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jan.Kamenicek</username>
        <id>99519</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Possible Wikibooks import of Slash and burn */ new section</comment>
      <origin>4679092</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27392" sha1="kl1h8jb5xmyz7ztf7ivg3dn16kcyv20" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:CHAT|WB:RR/G|WB:GENERAL}} {{TOC left|limit=3}}
{{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s
|algo = old(60d)
|counter = 1
|minthreadstoarchive = 1
|minthreadsleft = 1
|key = 7a0ac23cf8049e4d9ff70cabb5649d1a
}}
Welcome to the '''General reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about the Wikibooks project in general. For proposals for improving Wikibooks, see the [[../Proposals/]] reading room.
{{clear}}

[[Category:Reading room]]

== Call for administrators ==

Any experienced editor who has a good understanding of Wikibooks' policies should consider applying for administrator permissions at [[Wikibooks:Requests for permissions]]. Thank you. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 22:10, 5 August 2026 (UTC)

:Is there a page here that describes what admins do? I am curious because I checked [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:ListUsers?username=&amp;group=sysop&amp;wpsubmit=&amp;wpFormIdentifier=mw-listusers-form&amp;limit=50 List of admins] and I see that there are already quite a few admins here and wonder which areas have a shortage.
:Just curious. [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:56, 16 September 2026 (UTC)
::[[Wikibooks:Administrators]]. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 01:09, 16 September 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks project is not defined by goal ==

If it is for texbooks why is it called Wikibooks? It should be called Wikitextbooks! If it is for textbooks why does it contain cookbooks? For textbooks it's not supposed to have a [[Wikibooks:Featured books]]. [[User:Vivairan2|Vivairan2]] ([[User talk:Vivairan2|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Vivairan2|contribs]]) 09:20, 1 September 2026 (UTC)

:It's &quot;textbooks&quot; broadly construed: guides, manuals, how-tos, etc. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 11:15, 1 September 2026 (UTC)
::So we should change &quot;Wikibooks:Featured books&quot; to &quot;Wikibooks:Featured texts&quot;. [[User:Vivairan2|Vivairan2]] ([[User talk:Vivairan2|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Vivairan2|contribs]]) 11:17, 1 September 2026 (UTC)
:::I disagree and even if I agreed, it would be priority #49,389. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 11:20, 1 September 2026 (UTC)
::::It's according to community consensus that says this website contains textbooks not books. [[User:Vivairan2|Vivairan2]] ([[User talk:Vivairan2|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Vivairan2|contribs]]) 11:23, 1 September 2026 (UTC)
:::::&quot;[[wb:WIW|Simply, Wikibooks is a collection of open-content textbooks.]]&quot; [[User:Vivairan2|Vivairan2]] ([[User talk:Vivairan2|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Vivairan2|contribs]]) 11:26, 1 September 2026 (UTC)
:Most textbooks are made by collaboration of some authors, co-authors and editors. Wikibooks help pages and guidelines remain silent when it comes to stages of writing a new texbooks. Even [[Using Wikibooks]] is not complete emough for enthusiasts. --[[User:Vivairan2|Vivairan2]] ([[User talk:Vivairan2|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Vivairan2|contribs]]) 18:13, 3 September 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Vivairan2|Vivairan2]], In my opinion this is a good question. I wish more users would chime in. [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 16:10, 19 September 2026 (UTC)

== Wishlist 2027, invitation to share feedback ==

Hi, I’m [[m:User:SPerry-WMF|Sonja]] and I lead some of the [[mw:Contributors|teams]] at the Foundation who will be responsible for picking up wish work under the new wishlist process.

As you may know, the [[m:Community_Wishlist|Community Wishlist]] started out as an annual process through which Wikimedia contributors submit and vote on technical improvements they would like the Wikimedia Foundation to work on. The main goal of it is and has been to improve the editing experience by making changes and features the community asks for specifically.

In recent years, the process behind the wishlist has changed, and we’ve heard from many of you that it no longer meets many community members’ needs. So now, the Foundation is designing a new process with the community to improve how wishes are triaged, voted on, and prioritized in a way that is transparent, balanced across project families and language editions, and takes into account what the Foundation can deliver.

I would like to get community input specifically on these three stages of the Wishlist process:

* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist/Community_Wishlist_2027#triage|'''triage stage''']], meaning how wishes are fleshed out, organized and filtered prior to voting
** We recommend to have a working group, including volunteers from various wikis and Wikimedia Foundation staff to work through this together
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist/Community_Wishlist_2027#vote|'''voting stage''']], including who may vote and how votes are structured
* The [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist/Community_Wishlist_2027#postvote|'''post-vote stage''']], including how to bring equity into what work is prioritized
** One way to do this is to rank wishes within 3 categories: Large Wikipedias or covering all wikis, small and medium-sized Wikipedias, and '''sister projects''', so that top-voted wishes from smaller projects also get attention

This message is an abstract of the full proposed process. As you [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist/Community_Wishlist_2027|read the proposed ideas on Meta]] (available in your language), please speak up about whether you think this will work well or if there are ways to make it stronger.

Regarding the timeline, this consultation is open for two weeks. You can post your feedback on Meta (in your preferred language) or in response below.

For this year’s cycle, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Community_Wishlist/Community_Wishlist_2027#timeline|we plan]] to have the wish submission period in late October/early November and the triage process completed by late November. To respect the end-of-year holiday season, voting would happen in early to mid January. This first voting cycle is meant as a first step to try out a new process, and there will be more opportunities to provide feedback along the way, so that we can figure out the best process for future years together.

[[oldwikisource:M:User:SPerry-WMF|SPerry-WMF]], delivered by [[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Trizek (WMF)|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Trizek (WMF)|contribs]]) 13:52, 1 September 2026 (UTC)

:Thank you to everyone who engaged in the discussion around [[m:Talk:Community_Wishlist/Community_Wishlist_2027|the proposal from August 26]]. We've processed your feedback and [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Community_Wishlist/Community_Wishlist_2027&amp;diff=prev&amp;oldid=31041090 made changes] accordingly. Note that we weren’t able to implement all of it for this cycle, mostly for logistical reasons, but this is merely meant to be a first step and we will continue to improve this process with you all before we run through the next cycle. We plan to use [[m:Community_Wishlist/Community_Wishlist_2027#Updated_Community_Wishlist_Process_2027/2028|this updated version]] for the Wishlist 2027, and we look forward to hearing from you all during the submission and voting periods.
:[[:M:User:SPerry-WMF|SPerry-WMF]], delivered by [[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[User talk:Trizek (WMF)|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Trizek (WMF)|contribs]]) 14:49, 17 September 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:SPerry-WMF|User:SPerry-WMF]],@[[User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]]: Thank you for posting info regarding the wishlist to the English Wikibooks. I am sure there are many new users here who can benefit.
::I used to participate in those discussions years ago and I know a lot of effort goes into making discussions useful not only for users of wikipedia, but also for the many language versions of the smaller wikimedia projects such as Wikibooks. [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 16:28, 19 September 2026 (UTC)

== How Do I Get My Book On A Shelf? ==

Help, I don't know how shelves work. I don't know how to put my book on a shelf. Can anyone help?
The book is called''' Art And AI''' [[User:3MMPEYTON|3MMPEYTON]] ([[User talk:3MMPEYTON|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/3MMPEYTON|contribs]]) 23:00, 8 September 2026 (UTC)
: Which shelf are you referring? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:45, 10 September 2026 (UTC)

== Who is allowed to delete pages here? ==

On Aug 14, 2026 a user by the name of Max deleted a page I created in my user space. I don't see max in the list of admins here. Do they have the right to delete pages? Is there any documentation here I can consult?

Thanks in advance, [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 22:38, 15 September 2026 (UTC)

:We have local admins who have the technical ability to delete pages and virtually all material deleted here would be done by us (I'm one of them). A fairly small amount of users have global rights across all Wikimedia Foundation wikis and they will very rarely make deletions (e.g. if there are some kind of legal implications to material). [[User:Ottawahitech/American politics]] was deleted by [[User:Max]], who has [[Special:UserRights/Max|no special rights here]] but is one of the [[:m:Global sysops|global sysops]] I mentioned earlier. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 22:55, 15 September 2026 (UTC)
: Probably unrelated to the above, but Ottawahitech should do that with their account, unless if they are blocked. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:33, 15 September 2026 (UTC)
::Agreed and [[User:Ottawahitech]] is not blocked here, so no idea why he's using a temp account. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 23:43, 15 September 2026 (UTC)
:::There may be many reasons registered users are &quot;editing&quot; without logging in. Is it possible that they want to go about peacefully without attracting too much attention? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 15:01, 16 September 2026 (UTC)
:::: We neither have a policy nor a guideline about this, probably. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:12, 20 September 2026 (UTC)
::::Notwithstanding a claim that the temp account is actually User:Ottawahitech, we have no idea that they are the same person. If the temp account is the same person, and they want to have a user space page, they can create temp account ones. The registered user account pages are intended for that registered user account and not as a dumping ground for anyone to create pages. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 08:29, 13 October 2026 (UTC)

== Assistance to get page reviewed ==

My page is a translation page: [[Baiyi Zhuan]] 

It is a single page, it is translated according to my own ability and familiarity with the language with a disclosure on external tools. I would like it to get reviewed if possible as I do not have the rights.  [[User:Taitesena|Taitesena]] ([[User talk:Taitesena|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Taitesena|contribs]]) 11:19, 18 September 2026 (UTC)

== Translation of books ==

Hello,
I would like to translate books from other Wikibooks into English. Are there any guidelines regarding how to do this? [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:34, 20 September 2026 (UTC)
: This has yet to be expanded, but you might want to take a look at [[Wikibooks:Content translation]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:13, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== Feedback on Wikibooks redirect ==

I would like your feedback on my proposal to make [[Wikibooks:Username|this page]] redirect to [[Using Wikibooks/Setting Up A User Account#Choosing a Username|this page]]? I would do it myself, but it is not possible due to the fact that [[Wikibooks:Username]] can only be made by admins. This is because [[Wikibooks:Username policy]] also links to [[Using Wikibooks/Setting Up A User Account#Choosing a Username|this page]]. Regards, [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 04:37, 21 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{support}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 00:00, 22 September 2026 (UTC)
:This seems like a good idea to me. [[User:Alextejthompson|''Alextejthompson'']] (''Ping me or leave a message on my [[User talk:Alextejthompson|talk page]]'') 17:49, 21 September 2026 (UTC)
: {{done}}, I restored the redirect per consensus here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:03, 13 October 2026 (UTC)

== Pages created by [[User:Sisterian]] ==

I have checked with AI checkers (GPTZero, ZeroGPT) and they claim that these pages have been made with the use of GenAI. I do not know whether this is correct or not; because yes, AI checkers can and do make mistakes. I have tried reaching out to the person via talk page, to no response. I am asking for input just to see what the future of these pages are. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 12:00, 22 September 2026 (UTC)

:Thank you for flagging this @[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]]. I have looked at these pages personally, and there is fairly conclusive evidence that this user has been using genAI/LLMs for their contributions. I have warned them accordingly. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 20:50, 22 September 2026 (UTC)

== I'm in the process of creating a separate page describing the removal of admin permissions ==

As the section title says, please see [[User:Codename Noreste/sandbox]] and feel free to make any adjustments. We might consider moving this to [[Wikibooks:Administrators/De-adminship]] someday. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:05, 24 September 2026 (UTC)

== Your feedback wanted: Remove ''(Language link added:) and similar'' edits from Special:RecentChanges ==

''(Apologies for posting in English. You can help by translating it)''

Hello, I’m Danny from [[:en:w:Wikimedia_Deutschland|Wikimedia Deutschland’s]] [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects|Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects]] team.&lt;br/&gt;
We have been investigating and examining how Wikidata’s use in the [[Special:RecentChanges]] and [[Special:Watchlist]] pages can be made to be more useful, or less ‘noisy’ (fewer edits that have little value to the reader).

We are currently exploring to make a change in the volume and the type of Wikidata edits that appear in these pages, and '''we need your feedback''' to help us ensure this is a positive change for the Wikis and won’t disrupt your workflows.&lt;br/&gt;
Language links are also known as sitelinks or interlanguage links and describe when a Wikidata item is connected to a Wiki, adding it to the language dropdown tool for other connected Wikis.
[[File:Types of Lang Link changes.png|x350px|frame|A variety of &quot;Language Link&quot; edits as seen in the Recent Changes feed]]

The request for feedback is whether you support the removal of these language link edits from the Recent Changes and Watchlist feed, or would you oppose such a change and if so, why?
Please share you thoughts on the dedicated '''[[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|metawiki Talk page]]'''. 

Further information about this change: [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Hide_Language_Link_edits]]

Thank you for any participation or feedback you give, -- [[m:User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] 11:46, 25 September 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&amp;oldid=31080832 --&gt;

== FlaggedRevs again ==

&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved to [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;

== Wikidata Sitelink changes in Recent Changes and Watchlist ==

''(Apologies for cross-posting in English, translating it will help spread the message)''

Editors on group 1 wikis, including Wikiquote, Wikibooks, Wikiversity, Wikivoyage, and Wikisource, will no longer see notifications on [[Special:RecentChanges|Recent Changes]] and [[Special:Watchlist|Watchlist]] when a link to ''another'' language version of a page is added, removed, or changed in its Wikidata item. This change will begin on '''October 5 at 07:00 UTC''' as a two-week trial to reduce high-volume, low-value notifications and make higher-value changes easier to identify. Editors who rely on these notifications should be aware of the change and can share feedback or concerns on the [[m:Wikidata For Wikimedia Projects/Clearer Wikidata Edit Summaries/Hide Language Link edits|project]] or [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Clearer_Wikidata_Edit_Summaries/Hide_Language_Link_edits|talk page]].&lt;br/&gt;Please reach out if you have any questions, thank you! -- [[User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[User_talk:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)|talk]])  sent via [[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[User talk:MediaWiki message delivery|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MediaWiki message delivery|contribs]]) 12:42, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_test_list&amp;oldid=31106967 --&gt;

== Approved Revs extension ==

If we were to have this extension, we should only limit this to the Wikijunior namespace, since we will eventually stop using FlaggedRevs, unless if we want Approved Revs to work in another namespace.

Remember, this is not a vote, but an overall discussion. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 01:17, 11 October 2026 (UTC)

== An apology ==
Due to the removal of the &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; user groups and my failure to immediately correct the [https://github.com/JJPMaster/jjpmaster-bot-enwb-t1 code of  my bot], the markAdmins gadget data has not been updated for 39 hours. I apologize if anyone has been affected. [https://github.com/JJPMaster/jjpmaster-bot-enwb-t1/commit/65e615ef04d82500674a3711f2d99fe7cd8968d0 This commit] corrected the problem. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 06:05, 17 October 2026 (UTC)

== October 2026 Wikimedia Café: legal issues on Commons, and WMF Board selection process ==
&lt;div class=&quot;border-box&quot; style=&quot;background-color: var(--background-color-warning-subtle, #f8eaba); max-width: 875px; padding: 5px; border: 1px solid black; margin: 5px; color: var(--clr-dark)&quot;&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;box&quot; style=&quot;float:left; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 10px; padding-left: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px;&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikimedia Café logo in plain SVG format.svg|60px|alt=The logo for the Wikimedia Café]]&lt;/div&gt;
Hello! There will be two '''[https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9 Wikimedia Café]''' discussion opportunities in October. In a change from the usual Café practice, this month's sessions will have different topics. Anyone who meets the Café attendance criteria is welcome to attend either or both sessions.

Session A will happen on Saturday, 24 October 2026 at 15:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1792854000 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to the Americas, Africa, and Europe. This session will feature [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:PBradley-WMF Wikimedia Foundation lawyer Phil Bradley-Schmieg]. We will discuss legal issues on Wikimedia Commons, including complexities of international law. (I am hoping that in a future month, a similar Café session will be offered at a time friendly to Asia and the Pacific.)

Session B will happen on Sunday, 25 October 2026 at 03:00 UTC ([https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1792897200 timestamp converter]), at a time friendly to Asia and the Pacific, we will discuss [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2027/Proposed_eligibility_criteria proposed changes to how Wikimedia Foundation Board candidates are selected]. The latest proposals are much different from the earlier July 2026 proposals. The due date for feedback on current proposals is 27 October, and Wikimedians are welcome to participate on the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Talk:Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2027/Proposed_eligibility_criteria proposal talk page] regardless of Café attendance.

Please see the [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9 Café] page for more information, including [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9#How_to_attend_the_session how to register]!

To subscribe or unsubscribe for Café notices on your talk page please [https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Global_message_delivery/Targets/Wikimedia_Caf%C3%A9 go here].
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Buntstifte Eberhard Faber crop 64h.jpg|860px|alt=cropped image of colored pencils]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;white-space:nowrap;&quot;&gt;[[User:Pine|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#01796f; text-shadow:#00BFFF 0 0 1.0em&quot;&gt;༄ᨒ𖠰 Pine&lt;/span&gt;]] [[User talk:Pine|&lt;span style=&quot;color:DeepSkyBlue&quot;&gt;(&lt;b style=&quot;color:#FFDF00;text-shadow:#FFDF00 0 0 1.0em&quot;&gt;✉&lt;/b&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;]]&lt;/span&gt; 06:22, 18 October 2026 (UTC)

== Speedy deletion and the deletion policy ==
Right now, I am trying to figure out how to split the speedy deletion and deletion policy, but the deletion policy has a meaningful content section which might either be moved to the speedy deletion page or not. Do abandoned pages also count as (not) meaningful content? Also, the spam, vandalism and nonsense, and test page reasons could probably be separate, instead of together. Otherwise, this seems to be confusing. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:28, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

== Proposal for the Wikibooks Magazine ==
Hello,
Just wanted to note that there is a proposal for the Wikibooks Magazine on [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals#Wikibooks Magazine|this page]]. Please share your thoughts. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:34, 21 October 2026 (UTC)

== need help splitting a childrens book  ==
hi i am a newcomer and i really need some help  i am writing a childrens book  but it has turned into one GIANT piece of reading  i need help learning  how to break this book  up into  chapters ( note that i tried to do it thats how it became giant.)  or sub pages so it is easy to read thank you with peace,[[User:Phoenix3452|Phoenix3452]] ([[User talk:Phoenix3452|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Phoenix3452|contribs]]) 15:32, 23 October 2026 (UTC)

:I posted a welcome message on your talk page that may be helpful. Let me know if you are still confused after taking a look. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 21:18, 23 October 2026 (UTC)

== Call for new administrators ==
Any experienced editors (especially patrollers) who have a good understanding of this project's policies and guidelines may put their name for administrator permissions at [[Wikibooks:Requests for permissions]]. We are looking for active administrators to better help with the maintenance of this project, thank you. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:04, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
Feel free to submit your ideas for the next Wikibooks Magazine on [[Wikibooks talk:Magazine/1]]. Thank you. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 22:14, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Possible Wikibooks import of ''Slash and burn'' ==
Hello. There is a deletion discussion ongoing on English Wikisource related to the [[s:Slash and burn]], a translation of a Norwegian book to which various editorial changes have been made. These include non-original illustrations, an added foreword, headings that do not correspond to the original table of contents, and other alterations (see [[s:Wikisource:Proposed deletions#Slash and burn]]). Wikisource, however, aims to remain faithful to the original source. I suggested that importing the text into Wikibooks might be a possible solution, but I do not know whether it would be of interest to your project. I do not know what the outcome of the discussion will be, but would Wikibooks be willing to host it? -- [[User:Jan.Kamenicek|Jan.Kamenicek]] ([[User talk:Jan.Kamenicek|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Jan.Kamenicek|contribs]]) 21:29, 30 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>kl1h8jb5xmyz7ztf7ivg3dn16kcyv20</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks:Reading room/Technical Assistance</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>112409</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679214</id>
      <parentid>4677408</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:10:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ArchiverBot</username>
        <id>1227662</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Archiving 1 thread (older than 50 days) to [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Archives/2026/September]]</comment>
      <origin>4679214</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4667" sha1="88zmsm9vrdxy1l77ecap1qep7hd450c" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:TECH}} {{TOC left}}
{{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s
|algo = old(50d)
|counter = 1
|minthreadstoarchive = 1
|key = bf05448a5bbfa2d2a4efbdad870e68a4
|minthreadsleft = 1
}}
Welcome to the '''Technical Assistance reading room'''. Get assistance on questions related to [[w:MediaWiki|MediaWiki]] markup, CSS, JavaScript, and such as they relate to Wikibooks. '''This is not a general-purpose technical support room'''.

To submit a ''bug notice or feature request'' for the MediaWiki software, visit [[phabricator:|Phabricator]].

To get more information about the ''MediaWiki software'', or to download your own copy, visit [[mw:|MediaWiki]]

There are also two IRC channels for technical help: {{Channel|mediawiki}} for issues about the software, and {{channel|mediawiki-core}} for [[m:WMF|WMF]] server or configuration issues.
{{clear}}
[[Category:Reading room]]

== Chess template help ==

Hello, I have made some changes on the [[Chess/Checkmates]] page. I would like the additions that I have added similar to the format for the other subheadings (e.g. the format of my additions similar to the backrank mate), because I don't really get the syntax for the &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Chess diagram}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; template.
Kind regards,
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 12:48, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

:There are instructions for how to [[:Template:Chess diagram]] in the documentation for the page, and a worked example. Basically you use the letter for the piece (r, n, k etc) and whether it is white (l, i.e. light) or black (d, i.e. dark) to represent each piece, and you put it in a field the number of which represents which square it is on the board. 
:An alternative is [[:Template:Chess/board]] which works differently and takes different inputs. With this one you can insert a move list (PGN notation) or a board position (FEN notation). 
{{Chess diagram|tright
|
|=
|rd|  |bd|qd|kd|bd|  |rd|=
|pd|pd|pd|pd|  |ql|pd|pd|=
|  |  |nd|  |  |nd|  |  |=
|  |  |  |  |pd|  |  |  |=
|  |  |bl|  |pl|  |  |  |=
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |=
|pl|pl|pl|pl|  |pl|pl|pl|=
|rl|nl|bl|  |kl|  |nl|rl|=
}}
:or 
:{{chess/board|moves=1. e4 e5 2. Qh5 Nc6 3. Bc4 Nf6 4. Qxf7#|scheme=orange}}
:or
:{{chess/board|fen=r1bqkb1r/pppp1Qpp/2n2n2/4p3/2B1P3/8/PPPP1PPP/RNB1K1NR|scheme=orange}} [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:31, 1 October 2026 (UTC)

== Preventing a URL within code tags from becoming live ==

If I have a URL within &amp;lt;code&gt; &amp;lt;/code&gt; tags, say &lt;code&gt;sftp://fred@server.example.org/home/fred/Documents/&lt;/code&gt;, how do I prevent it from being automatically turned into a link in a Wikibook?  I've searched around a bit and not found the answer. — [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 14:03, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
: Try using &lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt; tags. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:20, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Thanks.  That was it.  — [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 15:06, 11 October 2026 (UTC)

== What is the current best practice for RFC hyperlinks? ==

What is the current best practice for linking to RFC documentation?  I had been using regular wiki-style hyperlinks, but see a new-to-me syntax like this one &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;{{RFC|15}}&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; and wonder if should that be used instead?  If so, is it worth going through and fixing the old style links? — [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 08:50, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:The [[:Category:Pages using ISBN magic links|ISBN]]/[[:Category:Pages using PMID magic links|PMID]]/[[:Category:Pages using RFC magic links|RFC]] [[:mw:Help:Magic words|magic words]] were deprecated years ago and should be replaced on all wikis with a template. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 15:53, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:: Thanks.  I'll use the templates from here on out. — [[User:Larsnooden|Larsnooden]] ([[User talk:Larsnooden|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Larsnooden|contribs]]) 16:23, 20 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>88zmsm9vrdxy1l77ecap1qep7hd450c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>How To Build a Pinewood Derby Car</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>113154</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679061</id>
      <parentid>4537519</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:34:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57809-91</username>
        <id>3629846</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679061</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1523" sha1="clhm2jsltnsot2191b6xinda6ueu72z" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Build a Pinewood Derby Car/Table of Contents}}

YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!

[[File: Downtown Riverfront, Shreveport, LA, USA - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
{{clear}}

Construction of a pinewood derby car involves:
* cutting out the body
* adding weight
* filing and polishing the axles
* truing and polishing the wheels 
* final alignment and assembly
* YOU CAN ALSO GET A CAR TO SPEED UP THE PROCESS!!!!!!! FOR 6767$

[[Image:Pinewood cars 2004.jpg|right|350 px|thumb|Pinewood derby cars ready to race]]

A number of &quot;speed secrets&quot; have developed over the past half-century of pinewood derby. This book covers the hows, whys and even the physics and chemistry of this race, including 

*rear biased weight
*lead, tungsten and zinc weights
*extended wheelbase
*raised front wheel 
*coned wheels
*light wheels
*wheel molds
*plastic polish
*H and V tread
*beveled axles
*notched axles
*metal polish
*shimming and alignment
*graphite, moly, and liquid lubricants
*and how to paint the wheel spokes silver.

[[Image:Pinewood derby 04A.jpg|thumb|left|300 px|Electronic track timer]]
This book is for kids who will be working with adults to construct their cars, for parents who will be working with their kids and purchasing tools, parts and supplies, and for race organizers who will be writing the rules, inspecting the cars and running the races. 

{{Commons|Pinewood derby}}
{{wikipedia|Pinewood Derby}}

{{Shelves|Arts and crafts}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{status|75%}}</text>
      <sha1>clhm2jsltnsot2191b6xinda6ueu72z</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679064</id>
      <parentid>4679061</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:36:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57809-91</username>
        <id>3629846</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>HEI GUYS SO I JUSTS THE FOUND THE FREE GET A CAR PRICES GO UP TO 6767$ DOLLAR OMG PLEASES THE BUY IT!!!!!!!</comment>
      <origin>4679064</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1522" sha1="naemvreourlx3nwpin7f4se7iey5p7l" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Build a Pinewood Derby Car/Table of Contents}}

YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!

[[File: Downtown Riverfront, Shreveport, LA, USA - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
{{clear}}

Construction of a pinewood derby car involves:
* cutting out the body
* adding weight
* filing and polishing the axles
* truing and polishing the wheels 
* final alignment and assembly
* YOU CAN ALSO GET A CAR TO SPEED UP THE PROCESS!!!!!! FOR 6767$

[[Image:Pinewood cars 2004.jpg|right|350 px|thumb|Pinewood derby cars ready to race]]

A number of &quot;speed secrets&quot; have developed over the past half-century of pinewood derby. This book covers the hows, whys and even the physics and chemistry of this race, including 

*rear biased weight
*lead, tungsten and zinc weights
*extended wheelbase
*raised front wheel 
*coned wheels
*light wheels
*wheel molds
*plastic polish
*H and V tread
*beveled axles
*notched axles
*metal polish
*shimming and alignment
*graphite, moly, and liquid lubricants
*and how to paint the wheel spokes silver.

[[Image:Pinewood derby 04A.jpg|thumb|left|300 px|Electronic track timer]]
This book is for kids who will be working with adults to construct their cars, for parents who will be working with their kids and purchasing tools, parts and supplies, and for race organizers who will be writing the rules, inspecting the cars and running the races. 

{{Commons|Pinewood derby}}
{{wikipedia|Pinewood Derby}}

{{Shelves|Arts and crafts}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{status|75%}}</text>
      <sha1>naemvreourlx3nwpin7f4se7iey5p7l</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679067</id>
      <parentid>4679064</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:49:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57816-36</username>
        <id>3629849</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679067</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1558" sha1="06nlew0reqpm6i5hhqlprwuirentdqb" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Build a Pinewood Derby Car/Table of Contents}}

YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!


[[File:Green Hill Zone (Sonic the Hedgehog).png|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
{{clear}}

Construction of a pinewood derby car involves:
* cutting out the body
* adding weight
* filing and polishing the axles
* truing and polishing the wheels 
* final alignment and assembly
* YOU CAN ALSO GET A CAR TO SPEED UP THE PROCESS!!!!!! FOR 6767$

[[Image:Pinewood cars 2004.jpg|right|350 px|thumb|Pinewood derby cars ready to race]]

A number of &quot;speed secrets&quot; have developed over the past half-century of pinewood derby. This book covers the hows, whys and even the physics and chemistry of this race, including 

*rear biased weight
*lead, tungsten and zinc weights
*extended wheelbase
*raised front wheel 
*coned wheels
*light wheels
*wheel molds
*plastic polish
*H and V tread
*beveled axles
*notched axles
*metal polish
*shimming and alignment
*graphite, moly, and liquid lubricants
*and how to paint the wheel spokes silver.

[[Image:Pinewood derby 04A.jpg|thumb|left|300 px|Electronic track timer]]
This book is for kids who will be working with adults to construct their cars, for parents who will be working with their kids and purchasing tools, parts and supplies, and for race organizers who will be writing the rules, inspecting the cars and running the races. 

{{Commons|Pinewood derby}}
{{wikipedia|Pinewood Derby}}

{{Shelves|Arts and crafts}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{status|75%}}</text>
      <sha1>06nlew0reqpm6i5hhqlprwuirentdqb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679068</id>
      <parentid>4679067</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:50:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57816-36</username>
        <id>3629849</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679068</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1537" sha1="ksvrnbiqoezycj1hs1oukei0azkngqu" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Build a Pinewood Derby Car/Table of Contents}}

YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!


[[File:Green Hill Zone.png|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
{{clear}}

Construction of a pinewood derby car involves:
* cutting out the body
* adding weight
* filing and polishing the axles
* truing and polishing the wheels 
* final alignment and assembly
* YOU CAN ALSO GET A CAR TO SPEED UP THE PROCESS!!!!!! FOR 6767$

[[Image:Pinewood cars 2004.jpg|right|350 px|thumb|Pinewood derby cars ready to race]]

A number of &quot;speed secrets&quot; have developed over the past half-century of pinewood derby. This book covers the hows, whys and even the physics and chemistry of this race, including 

*rear biased weight
*lead, tungsten and zinc weights
*extended wheelbase
*raised front wheel 
*coned wheels
*light wheels
*wheel molds
*plastic polish
*H and V tread
*beveled axles
*notched axles
*metal polish
*shimming and alignment
*graphite, moly, and liquid lubricants
*and how to paint the wheel spokes silver.

[[Image:Pinewood derby 04A.jpg|thumb|left|300 px|Electronic track timer]]
This book is for kids who will be working with adults to construct their cars, for parents who will be working with their kids and purchasing tools, parts and supplies, and for race organizers who will be writing the rules, inspecting the cars and running the races. 

{{Commons|Pinewood derby}}
{{wikipedia|Pinewood Derby}}

{{Shelves|Arts and crafts}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{status|75%}}</text>
      <sha1>ksvrnbiqoezycj1hs1oukei0azkngqu</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679069</id>
      <parentid>4679068</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:50:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57816-36</username>
        <id>3629849</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679069</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1569" sha1="mxsx4a34qtr12jz2x5gzjytithen2bo" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Build a Pinewood Derby Car/Table of Contents}}

YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!


[[File:Walmart Neighborhood Market Miami (52379318565).jpg|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
{{clear}}

Construction of a pinewood derby car involves:
* cutting out the body
* adding weight
* filing and polishing the axles
* truing and polishing the wheels 
* final alignment and assembly
* YOU CAN ALSO GET A CAR TO SPEED UP THE PROCESS!!!!!! FOR 6767$

[[Image:Pinewood cars 2004.jpg|right|350 px|thumb|Pinewood derby cars ready to race]]

A number of &quot;speed secrets&quot; have developed over the past half-century of pinewood derby. This book covers the hows, whys and even the physics and chemistry of this race, including 

*rear biased weight
*lead, tungsten and zinc weights
*extended wheelbase
*raised front wheel 
*coned wheels
*light wheels
*wheel molds
*plastic polish
*H and V tread
*beveled axles
*notched axles
*metal polish
*shimming and alignment
*graphite, moly, and liquid lubricants
*and how to paint the wheel spokes silver.

[[Image:Pinewood derby 04A.jpg|thumb|left|300 px|Electronic track timer]]
This book is for kids who will be working with adults to construct their cars, for parents who will be working with their kids and purchasing tools, parts and supplies, and for race organizers who will be writing the rules, inspecting the cars and running the races. 

{{Commons|Pinewood derby}}
{{wikipedia|Pinewood Derby}}

{{Shelves|Arts and crafts}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{status|75%}}</text>
      <sha1>mxsx4a34qtr12jz2x5gzjytithen2bo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679070</id>
      <parentid>4679069</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:51:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57816-36</username>
        <id>3629849</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679070</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1536" sha1="idv40s9h53iqviwmgy7xjbmphrk3byw" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Build a Pinewood Derby Car/Table of Contents}}

YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!


[[File:Zaum &amp; Binbica.png|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
{{clear}}

Construction of a pinewood derby car involves:
* cutting out the body
* adding weight
* filing and polishing the axles
* truing and polishing the wheels 
* final alignment and assembly
* YOU CAN ALSO GET A CAR TO SPEED UP THE PROCESS!!!!!! FOR 6767$

[[Image:Pinewood cars 2004.jpg|right|350 px|thumb|Pinewood derby cars ready to race]]

A number of &quot;speed secrets&quot; have developed over the past half-century of pinewood derby. This book covers the hows, whys and even the physics and chemistry of this race, including 

*rear biased weight
*lead, tungsten and zinc weights
*extended wheelbase
*raised front wheel 
*coned wheels
*light wheels
*wheel molds
*plastic polish
*H and V tread
*beveled axles
*notched axles
*metal polish
*shimming and alignment
*graphite, moly, and liquid lubricants
*and how to paint the wheel spokes silver.

[[Image:Pinewood derby 04A.jpg|thumb|left|300 px|Electronic track timer]]
This book is for kids who will be working with adults to construct their cars, for parents who will be working with their kids and purchasing tools, parts and supplies, and for race organizers who will be writing the rules, inspecting the cars and running the races. 

{{Commons|Pinewood derby}}
{{wikipedia|Pinewood Derby}}

{{Shelves|Arts and crafts}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{status|75%}}</text>
      <sha1>idv40s9h53iqviwmgy7xjbmphrk3byw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679071</id>
      <parentid>4679070</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:51:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57816-36</username>
        <id>3629849</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679071</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1542" sha1="edfwkk12f2og3vnk9m11west9yyohb0" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Build a Pinewood Derby Car/Table of Contents}}

YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!


[[File:Sonic the Movie Logo.png|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
{{clear}}

Construction of a pinewood derby car involves:
* cutting out the body
* adding weight
* filing and polishing the axles
* truing and polishing the wheels 
* final alignment and assembly
* YOU CAN ALSO GET A CAR TO SPEED UP THE PROCESS!!!!!! FOR 6767$

[[Image:Pinewood cars 2004.jpg|right|350 px|thumb|Pinewood derby cars ready to race]]

A number of &quot;speed secrets&quot; have developed over the past half-century of pinewood derby. This book covers the hows, whys and even the physics and chemistry of this race, including 

*rear biased weight
*lead, tungsten and zinc weights
*extended wheelbase
*raised front wheel 
*coned wheels
*light wheels
*wheel molds
*plastic polish
*H and V tread
*beveled axles
*notched axles
*metal polish
*shimming and alignment
*graphite, moly, and liquid lubricants
*and how to paint the wheel spokes silver.

[[Image:Pinewood derby 04A.jpg|thumb|left|300 px|Electronic track timer]]
This book is for kids who will be working with adults to construct their cars, for parents who will be working with their kids and purchasing tools, parts and supplies, and for race organizers who will be writing the rules, inspecting the cars and running the races. 

{{Commons|Pinewood derby}}
{{wikipedia|Pinewood Derby}}

{{Shelves|Arts and crafts}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{status|75%}}</text>
      <sha1>edfwkk12f2og3vnk9m11west9yyohb0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679072</id>
      <parentid>4679071</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:52:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57816-36</username>
        <id>3629849</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>HEI GUYS SO I JUSTS THE FOUND THE FREE GET A CAR PRICES GO UP TO 6767$ DOLLAR OMG PLEASES THE BUY IT!!!!!!!</comment>
      <origin>4679072</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1522" sha1="naemvreourlx3nwpin7f4se7iey5p7l" xml:space="preserve">{{How To Build a Pinewood Derby Car/Table of Contents}}

YOU CAN NOW GET A CAR FOR JUST 6767$!

[[File: Downtown Riverfront, Shreveport, LA, USA - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Traffic light|GET UR CAR RAIGHT HEERE!]]]] 
{{clear}}

Construction of a pinewood derby car involves:
* cutting out the body
* adding weight
* filing and polishing the axles
* truing and polishing the wheels 
* final alignment and assembly
* YOU CAN ALSO GET A CAR TO SPEED UP THE PROCESS!!!!!! FOR 6767$

[[Image:Pinewood cars 2004.jpg|right|350 px|thumb|Pinewood derby cars ready to race]]

A number of &quot;speed secrets&quot; have developed over the past half-century of pinewood derby. This book covers the hows, whys and even the physics and chemistry of this race, including 

*rear biased weight
*lead, tungsten and zinc weights
*extended wheelbase
*raised front wheel 
*coned wheels
*light wheels
*wheel molds
*plastic polish
*H and V tread
*beveled axles
*notched axles
*metal polish
*shimming and alignment
*graphite, moly, and liquid lubricants
*and how to paint the wheel spokes silver.

[[Image:Pinewood derby 04A.jpg|thumb|left|300 px|Electronic track timer]]
This book is for kids who will be working with adults to construct their cars, for parents who will be working with their kids and purchasing tools, parts and supplies, and for race organizers who will be writing the rules, inspecting the cars and running the races. 

{{Commons|Pinewood derby}}
{{wikipedia|Pinewood Derby}}

{{Shelves|Arts and crafts}}
{{Alphabetical|H}}
{{status|75%}}</text>
      <sha1>naemvreourlx3nwpin7f4se7iey5p7l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>140081</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679216</id>
      <parentid>4678985</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:11:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ArchiverBot</username>
        <id>1227662</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Archiving 1 thread (older than 14 days) to [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/2026/October]]</comment>
      <origin>4679216</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2477" sha1="kqu0gor923wvm6jt2qjng27pqiv0fgc" xml:space="preserve">{{/Header}} {{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/%(year)d/%(monthname)s
|algo = old(14d)
|counter = 1
|minthreadstoarchive = 1
|minthreadsleft = 1
}}

== Wanjigires reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Wanjigires}}

Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/316338]] &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Wanjigires/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 04:22, 24 October 2026 (UTC)
== Hoquangvinh70 reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Hoquangvinh70}}

Link spam, see userpage &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Hoquangvinh70/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 12:44, 24 October 2026 (UTC)

== Help ==

I need help with the contributions of user [[User:Ԛѣуех|Ԛѣуех]]. I initially rollbacked the edits because it was vandalism, which I later reverted, because it was a misclick. Though, looking at the diff, it looks as if it was vandalism, so I reverted my edit. Could a moderator please check if it was vandalism/ test edit, because I am not too sure. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 04:19, 25 October 2026 (UTC)
== ~2026-57615-63 reported by MathXplore ==

* {{anonlinks|~2026-57615-63}}

vandalism &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-57615-63/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:46, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 23:21, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
== Ruchichuahan reported by MathsScienceNerd1 ==

* {{userlinks|Ruchichuahan}}

Advertisement, spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Ruchichuahan/ --&gt; [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:28, 29 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 14:05, 29 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>kqu0gor923wvm6jt2qjng27pqiv0fgc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Land Rover/VIN Codes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>142029</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679029</id>
      <parentid>4678941</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:21:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5) */</comment>
      <origin>4679029</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="47298" sha1="t4krq6lv1uoxo5m6jx70wsp8easdde8" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
From 1948 to the early eighties, Land Rover used for their cars chassis numbers of their own format. These formats are described in the table below. Since 1980 Land Rover deploys the standard 17-character Vehicle Identification Number ('''VIN'''), complying with international standards. 

Car details can be derived (decoded, calculated) from the chassis numbers and the VIN. Typically, the model (Defender, Discovery, Range Rover, Freelander), model type (station wagon, three/four door, etc), wheelbase (90 inch, 100 inch, 110 inch, etc.), engine, LHD/RHD, gearbox, and model year is included in the VIN. 

===Chassis number formats over the years===
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Format&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, International VIN, 1980-later&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for LR do Brazil  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;93R..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for AAD, 1985-1995 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;AAD..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, US/Canada VIN, 1987-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Brazil VIN for JLR Brazil, 2016-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;99J.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;14-characters: is actually the 17-char&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;VIN missing the SAL bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1955      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;17.6.....&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1956 to 1961  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;1........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1950      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;L........ or R........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1962 to 1979  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.8......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1950 to 1953  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.6......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1954 to 1955  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.7......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;7-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;6-character numbers, ???? prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;110F..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3-character numbers, 1948 prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;R.. or L..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

===Land Rover WMIs (1981-) (Position 1-3)===

* SAL - Land Rover (UK &amp; Europe)
* 99J - JLR Brazil
* L2C - Chery Jaguar Land Rover (China)

===Model Line===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 4
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 3 / LR3 (2004–2009)|Land Rover LR3]] ('05-'09)
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 4 / LR4 (2009–2016)|Land Rover LR4]] ('10-'16)
|-
|C
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery Sport|Land Rover Discovery Sport]] ('15-'26)
|-
|D
|[[w:Land Rover Defender#North American Specification (NAS) Defenders|Land Rover Defender]] ('93-'95, '97) 
|-
|E
|[[w:Land Rover Defender (L663)|Land Rover Defender (L663)]] ('20-)
|-
|F
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander 2 (L359; 2006–2015)|Land Rover LR2]] ('08-'15)
|-
|G 
|[[w:Range Rover (L405)|Land Rover Range Rover (L405)]] (4th gen.) ('13-'22)
|-
|H 
|[[w:Range Rover Classic|Land Rover Range Rover/Range Rover Classic]] (1st gen.) ('87-'95)
|-
|J 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#First &amp; Second generation Discovery|Land Rover Discovery]] ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|-
|K 
|[[w:Range Rover (L460)|Land Rover Range Rover (L460)]] (5th gen.) (Mid '22-)
|-
|M 
|[[w:Range Rover (L322)|Land Rover Range Rover (L322)]] (3rd gen.) ('03-'12)
|-
|N
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander in North America|Land Rover Freelander]] ('02-'05)
|-
|P 
|[[w:Range Rover (P38A)|Land Rover Range Rover (P38A)]] (2nd gen.) ('95-'02)
|-
|R
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Fifth generation Discovery (L462; 2017–present)|Land Rover Discovery]] ('17-)
|-
|S 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#First generation (L320; 2005)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (1st gen.) ('06-'13)
|-
|T 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery Series II (L318; 1998–2004)|Land Rover Discovery Series II]] ('99-'04)
|-
|V 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#First generation (L538; 2011)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (1st gen.) ('12-'19)
|-
|W 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Second generation (L494; 2013)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (2nd gen.) ('14-'22)
|-
|Y 
|[[w:Range Rover Velar|Land Rover Range Rover Velar]] (1st gen.) ('18-)
|-
|Z 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#Second generation (L551; 2018)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (2nd gen.) ('20-)
|-
|1 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Third generation (L461; 2022)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (3rd gen.) ('23-)
|-
|}

===Model Series/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|V (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|E (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|C (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|F (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|H (following D)
|Defender 110 ('93)
|Class E
|-
|V (following D)
|Defender 90 ('94-'95, '97)
|Class E
|-
|X (following D)
|Defender 90 (CA emissions) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following J)
|Discovery ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|Class E
|-
|N (following J)
|Discovery (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) ('95-'98)
|Class E
|-
|E (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|A (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (GEMS engine management) (Early '99)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (Bosch engine management) ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|C (following P)
|Range Rover 4.6 HSE Callaway Edition (2nd gen.) (Callaway-modified engine) ('99)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|M (following N)
|Freelander S ('02-'03)
|Class C
|-
|Y (following N)
|Freelander SE ('02-'05), SE3 ('03-'05)
|Class C
|-
|E (following N)
|Freelander HSE ('02-'04)
|Class C
|-
|L (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD ('01-'02), S ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|K (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD7 ('01-'02), S7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|W (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE7 ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|H (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|J (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE7 ('01)
|Class E
|-
|P (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|R (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|L (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 SE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|M (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 HSE ('01-'02), Westminster Edition ('02)
|Class E
|-
|H (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Westminster Edition ('04-'05)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Trim Level
!Drive Wheels
!GVWR
!Restraint System
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque SE, SE Premium '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque Landmark Edition 4-d '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '18, Range Rover Evoque HSE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '19, Landmark Edition '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Lux '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|E
|Range Rover Evoque Autobiography '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque SE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|K
|Discovery Sport base model '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery Sport S '20-22, Range Rover Evoque S '20-'22
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '20-'22, Range Rover Evoque SE '20-'22
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Discovery Sport HSE '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque First Edition '20 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic S '20-'22,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S '20-'22
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE '20-'22,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '21-'22 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '20 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic HSE '20, Canada only: '21-'22,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic HSE '20-'21
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Bronze Collection - Canada only: '22 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P300 HST '22 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar base model '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Range Rover Velar S '18-'20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Velar S '21-'22
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Velar SE - Canada only: '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '19 (some early prod. w/340-hp engine) [Pos. 7 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '21-'22
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic HSE '18-'22, First Edition '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|Discovery SE '18-'20, Range Rover Sport SE '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Discovery Landmark Edition '20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P300 S '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P360 S - Canada only: '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P300 R-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic HSE '21-'22
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery HSE '18-'20,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport HSE '18 [Pos. 8 is V or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '19 [Pos. 8 is V or K or U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '20, HSE Silver Edition '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE Silver Edition '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery HSE Luxury '18-'20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST Mid '19-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport P400e HSE '20,&lt;br&gt; P400e HSE Silver Edition '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '18,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '18-'19, HSE Dynamic '20-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography Dynamic '18,&lt;br&gt; Autobiography '19-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport SVR '18-'22, SVR Carbon Edition '21-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover (L405) base model '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '20 [Pos. 8 is U or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '21 [Pos. 8 is K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE Westminster Edition '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover P400e HSE '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE SWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition SWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography SWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition SWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic '18-'22,&lt;br&gt; SVAutobiography Dynamic Black '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE LWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition LWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition LWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover (L460) SE '22
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover (L460) Autobiography '22
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L460) First Edition '22
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover (L460) SV '22
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 90 base model '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 90 S '21-'23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 130 S w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 90 SE '23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 SE w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 SE w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 130 SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic SE '22-'23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '21-'23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '21-'23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 130 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic HSE '22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/2 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/3 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/3 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 75th Limited Edition '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 6 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 75th Limited Edition w/2 rows of seats '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 90 First Edition '21 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 130 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 90 X '21-'23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 130 X w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 V8 '22-'23, V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 V8 '22-'23, V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'23,&lt;br&gt; V8 Bond Edition '22 w/2 rows of seats [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|}

===Body Type===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 6
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|1
|4-door wagon (Range Rover '87-'12, Defender 110 '93, Discovery '94-'04)
|-
|1
|2-door soft top (Freelander SE3) ('03-'05)
|-
|1
|2-door wagon (Range Rover Evoque 2-d '12-'17)
|-
|2
|2-door soft top (Defender 90) ('94-'95, '97)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (Freelander) ('02-'05)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (LR2 '08-'15, Discovery Sport '15-'26, Range Rover Evoque 4-d '12-, LR3 '05-'09, LR4 '10-'16, Discovery '18-, Range Rover Sport '06-'22, Range Rover Sport P400e '20, Range Rover SWB (L405) '13-'22, Range Rover Velar '18-)
|-
|3
|2-door wagon (Defender 90) ('95, '97)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB '14-'16)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class E GVWR (Range Rover SV Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|4
|4-door wagon [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] (Range Rover P400e '20-'21, Range Rover Sport P400e '21-Early '22)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover Supercharged LWB &amp; Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover LWB (L405) '18-'22)
|-
|5
|2-door convertible (Range Rover Evoque convertible '17-'19)
|-
|6
|2-door wagon (Defender 90 '21-)
|-
|7
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 '20-)
|-
|9
|4-door wagon (Range Rover SWB (L460) '22-, Range Rover Sport '23-)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB (L460) '22-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/3 rows of seating (Defender 110 '20-)
|-
|F
|4-door wagon w/extended length (Defender 130 '23-)
|}
SWB=Short-wheelbase, LWB=Long-wheelbase

===Engine Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| 1 || 3.5L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. [[w:Rover V8 engine|(Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine]]. Land Rover Range Rover ('87-'88).
|-
| 1 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Single VANOS (Intake VVT). BMW M62TUB44 engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('03-'05).
|-
| 2 || 3.9L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover SWB ('89-'94), Range Rover County Classic [SWB] ('95), Defender 110 ('93),&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 ('94-'95), Discovery ('94-'95).
|-
| 2 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('95-'99),&lt;br&gt; Discovery ('96-'02), Defender 90 ('97).
|-
| 2 || 2.5L || 90° V6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Sequential MPI. VIS. [[w:Rover KV6 engine|Rover KV6 engine]]. Land Rover Freelander ('02-'05).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (4275 cc, actually 4.3L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover County LWB ('93-'95).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Jaguar AJ33S engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 4 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('96-'99), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 4 || 4.0L || 60° V6 || Gas ||SOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 12 valve||Sequential MPI. Variable intake manifold. Ford Cologne V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'07 &amp; also '08-'09 in Canada).
|-
| 5 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('00), Discovery ('00-'02).
|-
| 5 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Continuously VCP (Intake VVT). Jaguar AJ41 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'09), Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 6 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV ('00-'02) or ULEV ('03).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('00-'02), 4.6 SE ('01), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 9 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('04).
|-
| D || 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. Jaguar AJ133 engine (LR-V8).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('10-'13), Range Rover ('10-'13), Range Rover Sport ('10-'13).
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('10-'16), Range Rover Sport ('10-'16).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Td6 ('16), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('16).
|-
| P || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('16), Range Rover Sport ('16).
|-
| T || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14-'15), Range Rover Sport ('14-'15).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('14-'16), Range Rover ('14-'16), Range Rover Sport ('14-'16).
|-
| W || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14), Range Rover Sport ('14).
|}
VVT=Variable Valve Timing. VCP=Variable Camshaft Phasing. VCT=Variable Camshaft Timing. VIS=Variable Intake System. LEV=Low Emissions Vehicle. ULEV=Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift.

===Transmission Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '08-'09)
|-
|B
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '10-'15, Range Rover Evoque '12-'13)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '15-'16, Range Rover Evoque '14-'16)
|}

===Transmission Type (All models 2017)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|B
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '17, Range Rover Evoque '17)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '17, Range Rover Sport '17)
|}

===Transmission Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|2
|5-speed automatic [manual shift mode: Steptronic or CommandShift] (Jatco JF506E) (Freelander '02-'05)
|-
|4
|4-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22 or w/4.6L V8: 4HP24) (Range Rover '87-'02, Discovery '94-'04, Defender 90 '97)
|-
|4
|5-speed automatic (ZF 5HP24) (Range Rover '03-'05)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP26X) (LR3 '05-'09, Range Rover '06-'09, Range Rover Sport '06-'09)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP28X) (LR4 '10-'13, Range Rover '10-'12, Range Rover Sport '10-'13)
|-
|6
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (LR4 '14-'16)
|-
|8
|5-speed manual (Defender 110 '93, Defender 90 '94-'95, Discovery '94-'97)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '13-'16, Range Rover Sport '14-'16)
|}
All are LHD (Left-hand drive).

===Engine Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR2 ('13-'15), Discovery Sport ('15-'16), Range Rover Evoque ('12-'16).
|-
| N || 3.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||MPI. VCT (Intake VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. [[w:Volvo SI6 engine#B6324S5|Volvo SI6 engine - B6324S5]]. Land Rover LR2 ('08-'12).
|-
|}
VCT=Variable Cam Timing. VVT=Variable Valve Timing. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift. VIS=Variable Intake System.

===Engine Type (All models 2017 only)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('17), Range Rover Evoque ('17).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('17), Range Rover Td6 ('17), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('17).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('17), Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|}

==Engine 2018-==
===Engine Variant (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Power Level/Engine !! Transmission !! Model
|-
|R (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19), Discovery Sport P290 ('20)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|246 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport P250 ('20-'26), Range Rover Evoque S/SE/1st Edition ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P250 ('21-'26)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S/SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P300 HST ('22-'23)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P250 ('19-'26)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P300 (Canada only: '19-'20)
|-
|R (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar D180 ('19)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|F (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P380 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|335 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('21-'23, Canada only: '24-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P400 R-Dynamic HSE ('21-'22), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 HST ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/HSE ('24-'25), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/Autobiography/Belgravia Ed. ('26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|550 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport SE/HSE ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by K)
|254 hp 3.0L &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 turbodiesel V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('21)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('21)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('22-'24)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('25-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('22-'26)
|-
|S (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic ('18-'19), Range Rover HSE ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SE/HSE (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HST (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE Silver ('21-'22), Range Rover (L405) P360 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 HST ('20-'22), Range Rover P400 HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L405) P400 HSE Westminster ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by Y)
|398 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-'22), Range Rover P400e ('20-'21)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P525 ('20-'22), Range Rover (L405) P525 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('20-'22)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 ('23-'26), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P400 SE ('22-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P440e ('23)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover P440e ('23)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|454 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P460e ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|542 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P550e ('24-'26), Range Rover P550e ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 7)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW N63 (JLR NC10)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P530 ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P530 ('22-'23)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One ('24),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two ('25), Range Rover Sport P635 SV ('26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P530 ('24-'26), Range Rover Sport P530 ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|606 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P300 ('20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P400 ('20)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P300 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P400 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('22), Defender 110 P525 ('22)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('23-'25, Canada only: '26), Defender 110 P300 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('23) [Pos. 5 is J]
|-
|F (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('24-'26) 
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 130 P400 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by E)
|493 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P500 ('24-'26), Defender 130 P500 ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P525 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA ('25-'26)
|}

===Engine Type (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('18-'22), Range Rover Sport ('18-'22),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20), Defender V8 ('22-'26).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21).
|-
| N || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Common-rail Direct Injection. Exhaust VVT. JLR Ingenium AJ20D engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Velar ('18-'19)
|-
| U || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT.  CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('21-), Range Rover ('20-), Range Rover Sport (Mid '19-), Range Rover Velar ('21-), Defender ('20-).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('18-'20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover ('18-'19), Range Rover Sport ('18-Mid '19), Range Rover Velar ('18-'20).
|-
| X || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('18-'26), Range Rover Evoque ('18-), Range Rover Velar ('18-), Defender ('20-'26), Discovery ('21-).
|-
| Y || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine + 1 Front motor.&lt;br&gt; 12.4 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P400e ('20-'21), Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-Early '22).
|-
| 4 || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine + 1 Front motor. 31.8 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P440e ('23), P550e ('24-); Range Rover Sport P440e ('23), P460e ('25-), P550e ('24-).
|-
| 7 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW N63B44T3 [N63TU3] engine [JLR NC10-P8H]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('22-'23), Range Rover Sport ('23).
|-
| 9 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW S68B44TO [S68B44A] engine [JLR NC11-P8S]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('24-), Range Rover Sport ('24-),&lt;br&gt; Defender Octa ('25-).
|-
|}
CVVL=Continuously Variable Valve Lift.

==Check Digit/Gearbox (Position 9)==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]

==Model Year Code (Position 10)==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Plant Codes (Position 11)==
* A - Solihull, West Midlands, England, UK
* H - Halewood, Merseyside, England, UK
* 2 - Nitra, Slovakia

==External links==
* [http://www.clifton.nl/calvin.html CalVIN, the on-line free Land Rover VIN CALculator]
* [http://www.fourfold.org/LR_FAQ Land Rover FAQ archive]
* [http://www.vindecoderz.com/EN/Land%20Rover Land Rover VIN decoder]


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>t4krq6lv1uoxo5m6jx70wsp8easdde8</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679042</id>
      <parentid>4679029</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T14:34:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5) */</comment>
      <origin>4679042</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="48643" sha1="ozq5iz358ip40tsa7jcd7p9vj65mnqx" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
From 1948 to the early eighties, Land Rover used for their cars chassis numbers of their own format. These formats are described in the table below. Since 1980 Land Rover deploys the standard 17-character Vehicle Identification Number ('''VIN'''), complying with international standards. 

Car details can be derived (decoded, calculated) from the chassis numbers and the VIN. Typically, the model (Defender, Discovery, Range Rover, Freelander), model type (station wagon, three/four door, etc), wheelbase (90 inch, 100 inch, 110 inch, etc.), engine, LHD/RHD, gearbox, and model year is included in the VIN. 

===Chassis number formats over the years===
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Format&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, International VIN, 1980-later&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for LR do Brazil  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;93R..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for AAD, 1985-1995 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;AAD..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, US/Canada VIN, 1987-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Brazil VIN for JLR Brazil, 2016-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;99J.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;14-characters: is actually the 17-char&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;VIN missing the SAL bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1955      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;17.6.....&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1956 to 1961  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;1........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1950      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;L........ or R........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1962 to 1979  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.8......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1950 to 1953  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.6......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1954 to 1955  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.7......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;7-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;6-character numbers, ???? prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;110F..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3-character numbers, 1948 prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;R.. or L..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

===Land Rover WMIs (1981-) (Position 1-3)===

* SAL - Land Rover (UK &amp; Europe)
* 99J - JLR Brazil
* L2C - Chery Jaguar Land Rover (China)

===Model Line===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 4
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 3 / LR3 (2004–2009)|Land Rover LR3]] ('05-'09)
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 4 / LR4 (2009–2016)|Land Rover LR4]] ('10-'16)
|-
|C
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery Sport|Land Rover Discovery Sport]] ('15-'26)
|-
|D
|[[w:Land Rover Defender#North American Specification (NAS) Defenders|Land Rover Defender]] ('93-'95, '97) 
|-
|E
|[[w:Land Rover Defender (L663)|Land Rover Defender (L663)]] ('20-)
|-
|F
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander 2 (L359; 2006–2015)|Land Rover LR2]] ('08-'15)
|-
|G 
|[[w:Range Rover (L405)|Land Rover Range Rover (L405)]] (4th gen.) ('13-'22)
|-
|H 
|[[w:Range Rover Classic|Land Rover Range Rover/Range Rover Classic]] (1st gen.) ('87-'95)
|-
|J 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#First &amp; Second generation Discovery|Land Rover Discovery]] ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|-
|K 
|[[w:Range Rover (L460)|Land Rover Range Rover (L460)]] (5th gen.) (Mid '22-)
|-
|M 
|[[w:Range Rover (L322)|Land Rover Range Rover (L322)]] (3rd gen.) ('03-'12)
|-
|N
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander in North America|Land Rover Freelander]] ('02-'05)
|-
|P 
|[[w:Range Rover (P38A)|Land Rover Range Rover (P38A)]] (2nd gen.) ('95-'02)
|-
|R
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Fifth generation Discovery (L462; 2017–present)|Land Rover Discovery]] ('17-)
|-
|S 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#First generation (L320; 2005)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (1st gen.) ('06-'13)
|-
|T 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery Series II (L318; 1998–2004)|Land Rover Discovery Series II]] ('99-'04)
|-
|V 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#First generation (L538; 2011)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (1st gen.) ('12-'19)
|-
|W 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Second generation (L494; 2013)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (2nd gen.) ('14-'22)
|-
|Y 
|[[w:Range Rover Velar|Land Rover Range Rover Velar]] (1st gen.) ('18-)
|-
|Z 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#Second generation (L551; 2018)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (2nd gen.) ('20-)
|-
|1 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Third generation (L461; 2022)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (3rd gen.) ('23-)
|-
|}

===Model Series/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|V (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|E (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|C (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|F (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|H (following D)
|Defender 110 ('93)
|Class E
|-
|V (following D)
|Defender 90 ('94-'95, '97)
|Class E
|-
|X (following D)
|Defender 90 (CA emissions) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following J)
|Discovery ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|Class E
|-
|N (following J)
|Discovery (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) ('95-'98)
|Class E
|-
|E (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|A (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (GEMS engine management) (Early '99)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (Bosch engine management) ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|C (following P)
|Range Rover 4.6 HSE Callaway Edition (2nd gen.) (Callaway-modified engine) ('99)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|M (following N)
|Freelander S ('02-'03)
|Class C
|-
|Y (following N)
|Freelander SE ('02-'05), SE3 ('03-'05)
|Class C
|-
|E (following N)
|Freelander HSE ('02-'04)
|Class C
|-
|L (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD ('01-'02), S ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|K (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD7 ('01-'02), S7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|W (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE7 ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|H (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|J (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE7 ('01)
|Class E
|-
|P (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|R (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|L (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 SE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|M (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 HSE ('01-'02), Westminster Edition ('02)
|Class E
|-
|H (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Westminster Edition ('04-'05)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Trim Level
!Drive Wheels
!GVWR
!Restraint System
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque SE, SE Premium '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque Landmark Edition 4-d '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '18, Range Rover Evoque HSE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '19, Landmark Edition '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Lux '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|E
|Range Rover Evoque Autobiography '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque SE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|K
|Discovery Sport base model '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery Sport S '20-23, Range Rover Evoque S '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '20-'23, Range Rover Evoque SE '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Discovery Sport HSE '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque First Edition '20 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic S '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '21-'23 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '20 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic HSE '20, Canada only: '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic HSE '20-'21
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Bronze Collection - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P300 HST '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar base model '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Range Rover Velar S '18-'20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Velar S '21-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Velar SE - Canada only: '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '19 (some early prod. w/340-hp engine) [Pos. 7 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '21-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic HSE '18-'22, First Edition '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar HST '23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|Discovery SE '18-'20, Range Rover Sport SE '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Discovery Landmark Edition '20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P300 S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P360 S - Canada only: '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P300 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic HSE '21-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Metropolitan Edition '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery HSE '18-'20,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport HSE '18 [Pos. 8 is V or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '19 [Pos. 8 is V or K or U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '20, HSE Silver Edition '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE Silver Edition '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery HSE Luxury '18-'20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST Mid '19-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport P400e HSE '20,&lt;br&gt; P400e HSE Silver Edition '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '18,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '18-'19, HSE Dynamic '20-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography Dynamic '18,&lt;br&gt; Autobiography '19-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport SVR '18-'22, SVR Carbon Edition '21-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Sport P400 S Dynamic - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Sport P400 SE Dynamic '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P440e Autobiography '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P440e HSE Dynamic - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P530 First Edition '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover (L405) base model '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '20 [Pos. 8 is U or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '21 [Pos. 8 is K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE Westminster Edition '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover P400e HSE '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE SWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition SWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography SWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition SWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic '18-'22,&lt;br&gt; SVAutobiography Dynamic Black '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE LWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition LWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition LWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover (L460) SE '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover (L460) Autobiography '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L460) First Edition '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover (L460) SV '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 90 base model '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 90 S '21-'23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 130 S w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 90 SE '23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 SE w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 SE w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 130 SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic SE '22-'23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '21-'23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '21-'23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 130 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic HSE '22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/2 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/3 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/3 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 75th Limited Edition '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 6 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 75th Limited Edition w/2 rows of seats '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 90 First Edition '21 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 130 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 90 X '21-'23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 130 X w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 V8 '22-'23, V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 V8 '22-'23, V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'23,&lt;br&gt; V8 Bond Edition '22 w/2 rows of seats [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|}

===Body Type===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 6
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|1
|4-door wagon (Range Rover '87-'12, Defender 110 '93, Discovery '94-'04)
|-
|1
|2-door soft top (Freelander SE3) ('03-'05)
|-
|1
|2-door wagon (Range Rover Evoque 2-d '12-'17)
|-
|2
|2-door soft top (Defender 90) ('94-'95, '97)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (Freelander) ('02-'05)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (LR2 '08-'15, Discovery Sport '15-'26, Range Rover Evoque 4-d '12-, LR3 '05-'09, LR4 '10-'16, Discovery '18-, Range Rover Sport '06-'22, Range Rover Sport P400e '20, Range Rover SWB (L405) '13-'22, Range Rover Velar '18-)
|-
|3
|2-door wagon (Defender 90) ('95, '97)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB '14-'16)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class E GVWR (Range Rover SV Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|4
|4-door wagon [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] (Range Rover P400e '20-'21, Range Rover Sport P400e '21-Early '22)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover Supercharged LWB &amp; Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover LWB (L405) '18-'22)
|-
|5
|2-door convertible (Range Rover Evoque convertible '17-'19)
|-
|6
|2-door wagon (Defender 90 '21-)
|-
|7
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 '20-)
|-
|9
|4-door wagon (Range Rover SWB (L460) '22-, Range Rover Sport '23-)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB (L460) '22-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/3 rows of seating (Defender 110 '20-)
|-
|F
|4-door wagon w/extended length (Defender 130 '23-)
|}
SWB=Short-wheelbase, LWB=Long-wheelbase

===Engine Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| 1 || 3.5L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. [[w:Rover V8 engine|(Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine]]. Land Rover Range Rover ('87-'88).
|-
| 1 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Single VANOS (Intake VVT). BMW M62TUB44 engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('03-'05).
|-
| 2 || 3.9L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover SWB ('89-'94), Range Rover County Classic [SWB] ('95), Defender 110 ('93),&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 ('94-'95), Discovery ('94-'95).
|-
| 2 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('95-'99),&lt;br&gt; Discovery ('96-'02), Defender 90 ('97).
|-
| 2 || 2.5L || 90° V6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Sequential MPI. VIS. [[w:Rover KV6 engine|Rover KV6 engine]]. Land Rover Freelander ('02-'05).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (4275 cc, actually 4.3L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover County LWB ('93-'95).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Jaguar AJ33S engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 4 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('96-'99), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 4 || 4.0L || 60° V6 || Gas ||SOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 12 valve||Sequential MPI. Variable intake manifold. Ford Cologne V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'07 &amp; also '08-'09 in Canada).
|-
| 5 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('00), Discovery ('00-'02).
|-
| 5 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Continuously VCP (Intake VVT). Jaguar AJ41 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'09), Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 6 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV ('00-'02) or ULEV ('03).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('00-'02), 4.6 SE ('01), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 9 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('04).
|-
| D || 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. Jaguar AJ133 engine (LR-V8).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('10-'13), Range Rover ('10-'13), Range Rover Sport ('10-'13).
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('10-'16), Range Rover Sport ('10-'16).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Td6 ('16), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('16).
|-
| P || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('16), Range Rover Sport ('16).
|-
| T || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14-'15), Range Rover Sport ('14-'15).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('14-'16), Range Rover ('14-'16), Range Rover Sport ('14-'16).
|-
| W || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14), Range Rover Sport ('14).
|}
VVT=Variable Valve Timing. VCP=Variable Camshaft Phasing. VCT=Variable Camshaft Timing. VIS=Variable Intake System. LEV=Low Emissions Vehicle. ULEV=Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift.

===Transmission Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '08-'09)
|-
|B
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '10-'15, Range Rover Evoque '12-'13)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '15-'16, Range Rover Evoque '14-'16)
|}

===Transmission Type (All models 2017)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|B
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '17, Range Rover Evoque '17)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '17, Range Rover Sport '17)
|}

===Transmission Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|2
|5-speed automatic [manual shift mode: Steptronic or CommandShift] (Jatco JF506E) (Freelander '02-'05)
|-
|4
|4-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22 or w/4.6L V8: 4HP24) (Range Rover '87-'02, Discovery '94-'04, Defender 90 '97)
|-
|4
|5-speed automatic (ZF 5HP24) (Range Rover '03-'05)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP26X) (LR3 '05-'09, Range Rover '06-'09, Range Rover Sport '06-'09)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP28X) (LR4 '10-'13, Range Rover '10-'12, Range Rover Sport '10-'13)
|-
|6
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (LR4 '14-'16)
|-
|8
|5-speed manual (Defender 110 '93, Defender 90 '94-'95, Discovery '94-'97)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '13-'16, Range Rover Sport '14-'16)
|}
All are LHD (Left-hand drive).

===Engine Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR2 ('13-'15), Discovery Sport ('15-'16), Range Rover Evoque ('12-'16).
|-
| N || 3.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||MPI. VCT (Intake VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. [[w:Volvo SI6 engine#B6324S5|Volvo SI6 engine - B6324S5]]. Land Rover LR2 ('08-'12).
|-
|}
VCT=Variable Cam Timing. VVT=Variable Valve Timing. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift. VIS=Variable Intake System.

===Engine Type (All models 2017 only)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('17), Range Rover Evoque ('17).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('17), Range Rover Td6 ('17), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('17).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('17), Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|}

==Engine 2018-==
===Engine Variant (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Power Level/Engine !! Transmission !! Model
|-
|R (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19), Discovery Sport P290 ('20)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|246 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport P250 ('20-'26), Range Rover Evoque S/SE/1st Edition ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P250 ('21-'26)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S/SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P300 HST ('22-'23)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P250 ('19-'26)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P300 (Canada only: '19-'20)
|-
|R (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar D180 ('19)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|F (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P380 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|335 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('21-'23, Canada only: '24-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P400 R-Dynamic HSE ('21-'22), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 HST ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/HSE ('24-'25), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/Autobiography/Belgravia Ed. ('26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|550 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport SE/HSE ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by K)
|254 hp 3.0L &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 turbodiesel V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('21)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('21)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('22-'24)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('25-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('22-'26)
|-
|S (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic ('18-'19), Range Rover HSE ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SE/HSE (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HST (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE Silver ('21-'22), Range Rover (L405) P360 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 HST ('20-'22), Range Rover P400 HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L405) P400 HSE Westminster ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by Y)
|398 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-'22), Range Rover P400e ('20-'21)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P525 ('20-'22), Range Rover (L405) P525 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('20-'22)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 ('23-'26), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P400 SE ('22-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P440e ('23)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover P440e ('23)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|454 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P460e ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|542 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P550e ('24-'26), Range Rover P550e ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 7)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW N63 (JLR NC10)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P530 ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P530 ('22-'23)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One ('24),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two ('25), Range Rover Sport P635 SV ('26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P530 ('24-'26), Range Rover Sport P530 ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|606 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P300 ('20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P400 ('20)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P300 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P400 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('22), Defender 110 P525 ('22)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('23-'25, Canada only: '26), Defender 110 P300 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('23) [Pos. 5 is J]
|-
|F (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('24-'26) 
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 130 P400 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by E)
|493 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P500 ('24-'26), Defender 130 P500 ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P525 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA ('25-'26)
|}

===Engine Type (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('18-'22), Range Rover Sport ('18-'22),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20), Defender V8 ('22-'26).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21).
|-
| N || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Common-rail Direct Injection. Exhaust VVT. JLR Ingenium AJ20D engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Velar ('18-'19)
|-
| U || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT.  CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('21-), Range Rover ('20-), Range Rover Sport (Mid '19-), Range Rover Velar ('21-), Defender ('20-).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('18-'20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover ('18-'19), Range Rover Sport ('18-Mid '19), Range Rover Velar ('18-'20).
|-
| X || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('18-'26), Range Rover Evoque ('18-), Range Rover Velar ('18-), Defender ('20-'26), Discovery ('21-).
|-
| Y || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine + 1 Front motor.&lt;br&gt; 12.4 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P400e ('20-'21), Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-Early '22).
|-
| 4 || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine + 1 Front motor. 31.8 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P440e ('23), P550e ('24-); Range Rover Sport P440e ('23), P460e ('25-), P550e ('24-).
|-
| 7 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW N63B44T3 [N63TU3] engine [JLR NC10-P8H]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('22-'23), Range Rover Sport ('23).
|-
| 9 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW S68B44TO [S68B44A] engine [JLR NC11-P8S]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('24-), Range Rover Sport ('24-),&lt;br&gt; Defender Octa ('25-).
|-
|}
CVVL=Continuously Variable Valve Lift.

==Check Digit/Gearbox (Position 9)==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]

==Model Year Code (Position 10)==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Plant Codes (Position 11)==
* A - Solihull, West Midlands, England, UK
* H - Halewood, Merseyside, England, UK
* 2 - Nitra, Slovakia

==External links==
* [http://www.clifton.nl/calvin.html CalVIN, the on-line free Land Rover VIN CALculator]
* [http://www.fourfold.org/LR_FAQ Land Rover FAQ archive]
* [http://www.vindecoderz.com/EN/Land%20Rover Land Rover VIN decoder]


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>ozq5iz358ip40tsa7jcd7p9vj65mnqx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679054</id>
      <parentid>4679042</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T17:19:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5) */</comment>
      <origin>4679054</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51460" sha1="bil9wmydtdekfjm0sodsstoevlv9oz2" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
From 1948 to the early eighties, Land Rover used for their cars chassis numbers of their own format. These formats are described in the table below. Since 1980 Land Rover deploys the standard 17-character Vehicle Identification Number ('''VIN'''), complying with international standards. 

Car details can be derived (decoded, calculated) from the chassis numbers and the VIN. Typically, the model (Defender, Discovery, Range Rover, Freelander), model type (station wagon, three/four door, etc), wheelbase (90 inch, 100 inch, 110 inch, etc.), engine, LHD/RHD, gearbox, and model year is included in the VIN. 

===Chassis number formats over the years===
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Format&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, International VIN, 1980-later&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for LR do Brazil  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;93R..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for AAD, 1985-1995 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;AAD..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, US/Canada VIN, 1987-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Brazil VIN for JLR Brazil, 2016-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;99J.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;14-characters: is actually the 17-char&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;VIN missing the SAL bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1955      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;17.6.....&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1956 to 1961  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;1........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1950      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;L........ or R........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1962 to 1979  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.8......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1950 to 1953  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.6......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1954 to 1955  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.7......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;7-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;6-character numbers, ???? prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;110F..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3-character numbers, 1948 prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;R.. or L..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

===Land Rover WMIs (1981-) (Position 1-3)===

* SAL - Land Rover (UK &amp; Europe)
* 99J - JLR Brazil
* L2C - Chery Jaguar Land Rover (China)

===Model Line===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 4
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 3 / LR3 (2004–2009)|Land Rover LR3]] ('05-'09)
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 4 / LR4 (2009–2016)|Land Rover LR4]] ('10-'16)
|-
|C
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery Sport|Land Rover Discovery Sport]] ('15-'26)
|-
|D
|[[w:Land Rover Defender#North American Specification (NAS) Defenders|Land Rover Defender]] ('93-'95, '97) 
|-
|E
|[[w:Land Rover Defender (L663)|Land Rover Defender (L663)]] ('20-)
|-
|F
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander 2 (L359; 2006–2015)|Land Rover LR2]] ('08-'15)
|-
|G 
|[[w:Range Rover (L405)|Land Rover Range Rover (L405)]] (4th gen.) ('13-'22)
|-
|H 
|[[w:Range Rover Classic|Land Rover Range Rover/Range Rover Classic]] (1st gen.) ('87-'95)
|-
|J 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#First &amp; Second generation Discovery|Land Rover Discovery]] ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|-
|K 
|[[w:Range Rover (L460)|Land Rover Range Rover (L460)]] (5th gen.) (Mid '22-)
|-
|M 
|[[w:Range Rover (L322)|Land Rover Range Rover (L322)]] (3rd gen.) ('03-'12)
|-
|N
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander in North America|Land Rover Freelander]] ('02-'05)
|-
|P 
|[[w:Range Rover (P38A)|Land Rover Range Rover (P38A)]] (2nd gen.) ('95-'02)
|-
|R
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Fifth generation Discovery (L462; 2017–present)|Land Rover Discovery]] ('17-)
|-
|S 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#First generation (L320; 2005)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (1st gen.) ('06-'13)
|-
|T 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery Series II (L318; 1998–2004)|Land Rover Discovery Series II]] ('99-'04)
|-
|V 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#First generation (L538; 2011)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (1st gen.) ('12-'19)
|-
|W 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Second generation (L494; 2013)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (2nd gen.) ('14-'22)
|-
|Y 
|[[w:Range Rover Velar|Land Rover Range Rover Velar]] (1st gen.) ('18-)
|-
|Z 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#Second generation (L551; 2018)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (2nd gen.) ('20-)
|-
|1 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Third generation (L461; 2022)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (3rd gen.) ('23-)
|-
|}

===Model Series/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|V (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|E (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|C (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|F (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|H (following D)
|Defender 110 ('93)
|Class E
|-
|V (following D)
|Defender 90 ('94-'95, '97)
|Class E
|-
|X (following D)
|Defender 90 (CA emissions) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following J)
|Discovery ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|Class E
|-
|N (following J)
|Discovery (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) ('95-'98)
|Class E
|-
|E (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|A (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (GEMS engine management) (Early '99)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (Bosch engine management) ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|C (following P)
|Range Rover 4.6 HSE Callaway Edition (2nd gen.) (Callaway-modified engine) ('99)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|M (following N)
|Freelander S ('02-'03)
|Class C
|-
|Y (following N)
|Freelander SE ('02-'05), SE3 ('03-'05)
|Class C
|-
|E (following N)
|Freelander HSE ('02-'04)
|Class C
|-
|L (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD ('01-'02), S ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|K (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD7 ('01-'02), S7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|W (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE7 ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|H (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|J (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE7 ('01)
|Class E
|-
|P (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|R (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|L (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 SE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|M (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 HSE ('01-'02), Westminster Edition ('02)
|Class E
|-
|H (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Westminster Edition ('04-'05)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Trim Level
!Drive Wheels
!GVWR
!Restraint System
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque SE, SE Premium '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque Landmark Edition 4-d '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '18, Range Rover Evoque HSE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '19, Landmark Edition '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Lux '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|E
|Range Rover Evoque Autobiography '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque SE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|K
|Discovery Sport base model '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery Sport S '20-24, Range Rover Evoque S '20-'24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '20-'23, Range Rover Evoque SE '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Discovery Sport HSE '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque First Edition '20 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic S '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic SE '24,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '20 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic HSE '20, Canada only: '21-'23, Discovery Sport Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic HSE '20-'21,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Bronze Collection - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P300 HST '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar base model '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Range Rover Velar S '18-'20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Velar S '21-'24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Velar SE - Canada only: '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '19 (some early prod. w/340-hp engine) [Pos. 7 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '21-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic SE '24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic HSE '18-'22, First Edition '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar HST '23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic HSE '24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|Discovery SE '18-'20, Range Rover Sport SE '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Discovery Landmark Edition '20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P300 S '21-'24 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P360 S - Canada only: '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P300 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P300 Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P360 Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic HSE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; P360 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Metropolitan Edition '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery HSE '18-'20,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport HSE '18 [Pos. 8 is V or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '19 [Pos. 8 is V or K or U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '20, HSE Silver Edition '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE Silver Edition '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery HSE Luxury '18-'20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST Mid '19-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport P400e HSE '20,&lt;br&gt; P400e HSE Silver Edition '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '18,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '18-'19, HSE Dynamic '20-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography Dynamic '18,&lt;br&gt; Autobiography '19-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport SVR '18-'22, SVR Carbon Edition '21-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic S - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P440e Autobiography '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P440e HSE Dynamic - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P550e Autobiography '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P530 First Edition '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Obsidian Black or &lt;br&gt; Flux Silver paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Carbon Bronze paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover (L405) base model '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '20 [Pos. 8 is U or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '21 [Pos. 8 is K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE Westminster Edition '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover P400e HSE '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE SWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition SWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography SWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition SWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic '18-'22,&lt;br&gt; SVAutobiography Dynamic Black '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE LWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition LWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition LWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover (L460) SE '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover (L460) Autobiography '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L460) P530 First Edition '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover (L460) P530 SV '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 90 base model '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 90 S '21-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 130 S w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 90 P400 SE '23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P500 SE w/2 rows of seats '24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 130 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic SE '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 130 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic HSE '22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/2 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/3 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/3 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 75th Limited Edition '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 6 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 75th Limited Edition w/2 rows of seats '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 130 P400 Outbound w/2 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 90 First Edition '21 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 130 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 90 X '21-'23, Canada only: '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 130 X w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '22-'23, P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 110 P525 V8 '24 w/2 rows of seats &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 P525 V8 '22-'23, P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Bond Edition '22 w/2 rows of seats &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 130 P500 V8 w/3 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|}

===Body Type===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 6
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|1
|4-door wagon (Range Rover '87-'12, Defender 110 '93, Discovery '94-'04)
|-
|1
|2-door soft top (Freelander SE3) ('03-'05)
|-
|1
|2-door wagon (Range Rover Evoque 2-d '12-'17)
|-
|2
|2-door soft top (Defender 90) ('94-'95, '97)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (Freelander) ('02-'05)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (LR2 '08-'15, Discovery Sport '15-'26, Range Rover Evoque 4-d '12-, LR3 '05-'09, LR4 '10-'16, Discovery '18-, Range Rover Sport '06-'22, Range Rover Sport P400e '20, Range Rover SWB (L405) '13-'22, Range Rover Velar '18-)
|-
|3
|2-door wagon (Defender 90) ('95, '97)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB '14-'16)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class E GVWR (Range Rover SV Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|4
|4-door wagon [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] (Range Rover P400e '20-'21, Range Rover Sport P400e '21-Early '22)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover Supercharged LWB &amp; Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover LWB (L405) '18-'22)
|-
|5
|2-door convertible (Range Rover Evoque convertible '17-'19)
|-
|6
|2-door wagon (Defender 90 '21-)
|-
|7
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 '20-)
|-
|9
|4-door wagon (Range Rover SWB (L460) '22-, Range Rover Sport '23-)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB (L460) '22-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/3 rows of seating (Defender 110 '20-)
|-
|F
|4-door wagon w/extended length (Defender 130 '23-)
|}
SWB=Short-wheelbase, LWB=Long-wheelbase

===Engine Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| 1 || 3.5L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. [[w:Rover V8 engine|(Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine]]. Land Rover Range Rover ('87-'88).
|-
| 1 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Single VANOS (Intake VVT). BMW M62TUB44 engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('03-'05).
|-
| 2 || 3.9L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover SWB ('89-'94), Range Rover County Classic [SWB] ('95), Defender 110 ('93),&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 ('94-'95), Discovery ('94-'95).
|-
| 2 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('95-'99),&lt;br&gt; Discovery ('96-'02), Defender 90 ('97).
|-
| 2 || 2.5L || 90° V6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Sequential MPI. VIS. [[w:Rover KV6 engine|Rover KV6 engine]]. Land Rover Freelander ('02-'05).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (4275 cc, actually 4.3L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover County LWB ('93-'95).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Jaguar AJ33S engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 4 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('96-'99), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 4 || 4.0L || 60° V6 || Gas ||SOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 12 valve||Sequential MPI. Variable intake manifold. Ford Cologne V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'07 &amp; also '08-'09 in Canada).
|-
| 5 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('00), Discovery ('00-'02).
|-
| 5 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Continuously VCP (Intake VVT). Jaguar AJ41 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'09), Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 6 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV ('00-'02) or ULEV ('03).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('00-'02), 4.6 SE ('01), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 9 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('04).
|-
| D || 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. Jaguar AJ133 engine (LR-V8).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('10-'13), Range Rover ('10-'13), Range Rover Sport ('10-'13).
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('10-'16), Range Rover Sport ('10-'16).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Td6 ('16), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('16).
|-
| P || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('16), Range Rover Sport ('16).
|-
| T || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14-'15), Range Rover Sport ('14-'15).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('14-'16), Range Rover ('14-'16), Range Rover Sport ('14-'16).
|-
| W || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14), Range Rover Sport ('14).
|}
VVT=Variable Valve Timing. VCP=Variable Camshaft Phasing. VCT=Variable Camshaft Timing. VIS=Variable Intake System. LEV=Low Emissions Vehicle. ULEV=Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift.

===Transmission Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '08-'09)
|-
|B
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '10-'15, Range Rover Evoque '12-'13)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '15-'16, Range Rover Evoque '14-'16)
|}

===Transmission Type (All models 2017)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|B
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '17, Range Rover Evoque '17)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '17, Range Rover Sport '17)
|}

===Transmission Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|2
|5-speed automatic [manual shift mode: Steptronic or CommandShift] (Jatco JF506E) (Freelander '02-'05)
|-
|4
|4-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22 or w/4.6L V8: 4HP24) (Range Rover '87-'02, Discovery '94-'04, Defender 90 '97)
|-
|4
|5-speed automatic (ZF 5HP24) (Range Rover '03-'05)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP26X) (LR3 '05-'09, Range Rover '06-'09, Range Rover Sport '06-'09)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP28X) (LR4 '10-'13, Range Rover '10-'12, Range Rover Sport '10-'13)
|-
|6
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (LR4 '14-'16)
|-
|8
|5-speed manual (Defender 110 '93, Defender 90 '94-'95, Discovery '94-'97)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '13-'16, Range Rover Sport '14-'16)
|}
All are LHD (Left-hand drive).

===Engine Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR2 ('13-'15), Discovery Sport ('15-'16), Range Rover Evoque ('12-'16).
|-
| N || 3.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||MPI. VCT (Intake VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. [[w:Volvo SI6 engine#B6324S5|Volvo SI6 engine - B6324S5]]. Land Rover LR2 ('08-'12).
|-
|}
VCT=Variable Cam Timing. VVT=Variable Valve Timing. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift. VIS=Variable Intake System.

===Engine Type (All models 2017 only)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('17), Range Rover Evoque ('17).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('17), Range Rover Td6 ('17), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('17).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('17), Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|}

==Engine 2018-==
===Engine Variant (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Power Level/Engine !! Transmission !! Model
|-
|R (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19), Discovery Sport P290 ('20)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|246 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport P250 ('20-'26), Range Rover Evoque S/SE/1st Edition ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P250 ('21-'26)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S/SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P300 HST ('22-'23)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P250 ('19-'26)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P300 (Canada only: '19-'20)
|-
|R (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar D180 ('19)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|F (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P380 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|335 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('21-'23, Canada only: '24-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P400 R-Dynamic HSE ('21-'22), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 HST ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/HSE ('24-'25), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/Autobiography/Belgravia Ed. ('26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|550 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport SE/HSE ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by K)
|254 hp 3.0L &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 turbodiesel V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('21)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('21)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('22-'24)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('25-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('22-'26)
|-
|S (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic ('18-'19), Range Rover HSE ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SE/HSE (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HST (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE Silver ('21-'22), Range Rover (L405) P360 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 HST ('20-'22), Range Rover P400 HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L405) P400 HSE Westminster ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by Y)
|398 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-'22), Range Rover P400e ('20-'21)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P525 ('20-'22), Range Rover (L405) P525 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('20-'22)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 ('23-'26), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P400 SE ('22-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P440e ('23)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover P440e ('23)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|454 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P460e ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|542 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P550e ('24-'26), Range Rover P550e ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 7)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW N63 (JLR NC10)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P530 ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P530 ('22-'23)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One ('24),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two ('25), Range Rover Sport P635 SV ('26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P530 ('24-'26), Range Rover Sport P530 ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|606 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P300 ('20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P400 ('20)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P300 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P400 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('22), Defender 110 P525 ('22)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('23-'25, Canada only: '26), Defender 110 P300 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('23) [Pos. 5 is J]
|-
|F (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('24-'26) 
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 130 P400 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by E)
|493 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P500 ('24-'26), Defender 130 P500 ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P525 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA ('25-'26)
|}

===Engine Type (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('18-'22), Range Rover Sport ('18-'22),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20), Defender V8 ('22-'26).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21).
|-
| N || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Common-rail Direct Injection. Exhaust VVT. JLR Ingenium AJ20D engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Velar ('18-'19)
|-
| U || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT.  CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('21-), Range Rover ('20-), Range Rover Sport (Mid '19-), Range Rover Velar ('21-), Defender ('20-).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('18-'20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover ('18-'19), Range Rover Sport ('18-Mid '19), Range Rover Velar ('18-'20).
|-
| X || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('18-'26), Range Rover Evoque ('18-), Range Rover Velar ('18-), Defender ('20-'26), Discovery ('21-).
|-
| Y || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine + 1 Front motor.&lt;br&gt; 12.4 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P400e ('20-'21), Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-Early '22).
|-
| 4 || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine + 1 Front motor. 31.8 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P440e ('23), P550e ('24-); Range Rover Sport P440e ('23), P460e ('25-), P550e ('24-).
|-
| 7 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW N63B44T3 [N63TU3] engine [JLR NC10-P8H]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('22-'23), Range Rover Sport ('23).
|-
| 9 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW S68B44TO [S68B44A] engine [JLR NC11-P8S]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('24-), Range Rover Sport ('24-),&lt;br&gt; Defender Octa ('25-).
|-
|}
CVVL=Continuously Variable Valve Lift.

==Check Digit/Gearbox (Position 9)==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]

==Model Year Code (Position 10)==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Plant Codes (Position 11)==
* A - Solihull, West Midlands, England, UK
* H - Halewood, Merseyside, England, UK
* 2 - Nitra, Slovakia

==External links==
* [http://www.clifton.nl/calvin.html CalVIN, the on-line free Land Rover VIN CALculator]
* [http://www.fourfold.org/LR_FAQ Land Rover FAQ archive]
* [http://www.vindecoderz.com/EN/Land%20Rover Land Rover VIN decoder]


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>bil9wmydtdekfjm0sodsstoevlv9oz2</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679055</id>
      <parentid>4679054</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T17:39:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Body Type */</comment>
      <origin>4679055</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51565" sha1="0d3fu6va2alo0o8h05t9ltf3usxn5th" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
From 1948 to the early eighties, Land Rover used for their cars chassis numbers of their own format. These formats are described in the table below. Since 1980 Land Rover deploys the standard 17-character Vehicle Identification Number ('''VIN'''), complying with international standards. 

Car details can be derived (decoded, calculated) from the chassis numbers and the VIN. Typically, the model (Defender, Discovery, Range Rover, Freelander), model type (station wagon, three/four door, etc), wheelbase (90 inch, 100 inch, 110 inch, etc.), engine, LHD/RHD, gearbox, and model year is included in the VIN. 

===Chassis number formats over the years===
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Format&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, International VIN, 1980-later&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for LR do Brazil  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;93R..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for AAD, 1985-1995 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;AAD..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, US/Canada VIN, 1987-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Brazil VIN for JLR Brazil, 2016-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;99J.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;14-characters: is actually the 17-char&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;VIN missing the SAL bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1955      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;17.6.....&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1956 to 1961  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;1........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1950      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;L........ or R........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1962 to 1979  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.8......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1950 to 1953  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.6......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1954 to 1955  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.7......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;7-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;6-character numbers, ???? prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;110F..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3-character numbers, 1948 prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;R.. or L..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

===Land Rover WMIs (1981-) (Position 1-3)===

* SAL - Land Rover (UK &amp; Europe)
* 99J - JLR Brazil
* L2C - Chery Jaguar Land Rover (China)

===Model Line===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 4
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 3 / LR3 (2004–2009)|Land Rover LR3]] ('05-'09)
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 4 / LR4 (2009–2016)|Land Rover LR4]] ('10-'16)
|-
|C
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery Sport|Land Rover Discovery Sport]] ('15-'26)
|-
|D
|[[w:Land Rover Defender#North American Specification (NAS) Defenders|Land Rover Defender]] ('93-'95, '97) 
|-
|E
|[[w:Land Rover Defender (L663)|Land Rover Defender (L663)]] ('20-)
|-
|F
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander 2 (L359; 2006–2015)|Land Rover LR2]] ('08-'15)
|-
|G 
|[[w:Range Rover (L405)|Land Rover Range Rover (L405)]] (4th gen.) ('13-'22)
|-
|H 
|[[w:Range Rover Classic|Land Rover Range Rover/Range Rover Classic]] (1st gen.) ('87-'95)
|-
|J 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#First &amp; Second generation Discovery|Land Rover Discovery]] ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|-
|K 
|[[w:Range Rover (L460)|Land Rover Range Rover (L460)]] (5th gen.) (Mid '22-)
|-
|M 
|[[w:Range Rover (L322)|Land Rover Range Rover (L322)]] (3rd gen.) ('03-'12)
|-
|N
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander in North America|Land Rover Freelander]] ('02-'05)
|-
|P 
|[[w:Range Rover (P38A)|Land Rover Range Rover (P38A)]] (2nd gen.) ('95-'02)
|-
|R
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Fifth generation Discovery (L462; 2017–present)|Land Rover Discovery]] ('17-)
|-
|S 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#First generation (L320; 2005)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (1st gen.) ('06-'13)
|-
|T 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery Series II (L318; 1998–2004)|Land Rover Discovery Series II]] ('99-'04)
|-
|V 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#First generation (L538; 2011)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (1st gen.) ('12-'19)
|-
|W 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Second generation (L494; 2013)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (2nd gen.) ('14-'22)
|-
|Y 
|[[w:Range Rover Velar|Land Rover Range Rover Velar]] (1st gen.) ('18-)
|-
|Z 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#Second generation (L551; 2018)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (2nd gen.) ('20-)
|-
|1 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Third generation (L461; 2022)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (3rd gen.) ('23-)
|-
|}

===Model Series/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|V (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|E (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|C (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|F (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|H (following D)
|Defender 110 ('93)
|Class E
|-
|V (following D)
|Defender 90 ('94-'95, '97)
|Class E
|-
|X (following D)
|Defender 90 (CA emissions) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following J)
|Discovery ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|Class E
|-
|N (following J)
|Discovery (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) ('95-'98)
|Class E
|-
|E (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|A (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (GEMS engine management) (Early '99)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (Bosch engine management) ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|C (following P)
|Range Rover 4.6 HSE Callaway Edition (2nd gen.) (Callaway-modified engine) ('99)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|M (following N)
|Freelander S ('02-'03)
|Class C
|-
|Y (following N)
|Freelander SE ('02-'05), SE3 ('03-'05)
|Class C
|-
|E (following N)
|Freelander HSE ('02-'04)
|Class C
|-
|L (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD ('01-'02), S ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|K (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD7 ('01-'02), S7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|W (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE7 ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|H (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|J (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE7 ('01)
|Class E
|-
|P (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|R (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|L (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 SE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|M (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 HSE ('01-'02), Westminster Edition ('02)
|Class E
|-
|H (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Westminster Edition ('04-'05)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Trim Level
!Drive Wheels
!GVWR
!Restraint System
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque SE, SE Premium '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque Landmark Edition 4-d '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '18, Range Rover Evoque HSE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '19, Landmark Edition '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Lux '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|E
|Range Rover Evoque Autobiography '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque SE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|K
|Discovery Sport base model '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery Sport S '20-24, Range Rover Evoque S '20-'24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '20-'23, Range Rover Evoque SE '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Discovery Sport HSE '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque First Edition '20 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic S '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic SE '24,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '20 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic HSE '20, Canada only: '21-'23, Discovery Sport Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic HSE '20-'21,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Bronze Collection - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P300 HST '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar base model '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Range Rover Velar S '18-'20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Velar S '21-'24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Velar SE - Canada only: '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '19 (some early prod. w/340-hp engine) [Pos. 7 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '21-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic SE '24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic HSE '18-'22, First Edition '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar HST '23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic HSE '24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|Discovery SE '18-'20, Range Rover Sport SE '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Discovery Landmark Edition '20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P300 S '21-'24 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P360 S - Canada only: '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P300 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P300 Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P360 Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic HSE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; P360 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Metropolitan Edition '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery HSE '18-'20,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport HSE '18 [Pos. 8 is V or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '19 [Pos. 8 is V or K or U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '20, HSE Silver Edition '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE Silver Edition '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery HSE Luxury '18-'20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST Mid '19-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport P400e HSE '20,&lt;br&gt; P400e HSE Silver Edition '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '18,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '18-'19, HSE Dynamic '20-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography Dynamic '18,&lt;br&gt; Autobiography '19-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport SVR '18-'22, SVR Carbon Edition '21-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic S - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P440e Autobiography '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P440e HSE Dynamic - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P550e Autobiography '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P530 First Edition '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Obsidian Black or &lt;br&gt; Flux Silver paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Carbon Bronze paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover (L405) base model '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '20 [Pos. 8 is U or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '21 [Pos. 8 is K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE Westminster Edition '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover P400e HSE '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE SWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition SWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography SWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition SWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic '18-'22,&lt;br&gt; SVAutobiography Dynamic Black '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE LWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition LWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition LWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover (L460) SE '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover (L460) Autobiography '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L460) P530 First Edition '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover (L460) P530 SV '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 90 base model '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 90 S '21-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 130 S w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 90 P400 SE '23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P500 SE w/2 rows of seats '24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 130 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic SE '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 130 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic HSE '22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/2 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/3 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/3 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 75th Limited Edition '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 6 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 75th Limited Edition w/2 rows of seats '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 130 P400 Outbound w/2 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 90 First Edition '21 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 130 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 90 X '21-'23, Canada only: '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 130 X w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '22-'23, P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 110 P525 V8 '24 w/2 rows of seats &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 P525 V8 '22-'23, P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Bond Edition '22 w/2 rows of seats &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 130 P500 V8 w/3 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|}

===Body Type===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 6
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|1
|4-door wagon (Range Rover '87-'12, Defender 110 '93, Discovery '94-'04)
|-
|1
|2-door soft top (Freelander SE3) ('03-'05)
|-
|1
|2-door wagon (Range Rover Evoque 2-d '12-'17)
|-
|2
|2-door soft top (Defender 90) ('94-'95, '97)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (Freelander) ('02-'05)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (LR2 '08-'15, Discovery Sport '15-'26, Range Rover Evoque 4-d '12-, LR3 '05-'09, LR4 '10-'16, Discovery '18-, Range Rover Sport '06-'22, Range Rover Sport P400e '20, Range Rover SWB (L405) '13-'22, Range Rover Velar '18-)
|-
|3
|2-door wagon (Defender 90) ('95, '97)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB '14-'16)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class E GVWR (Range Rover SV Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|4
|4-door wagon [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] (Range Rover P400e '20-'21, Range Rover Sport P400e '21-Early '22)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover Supercharged LWB &amp; Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover LWB (L405) '18-'22)
|-
|5
|2-door convertible (Range Rover Evoque convertible '17-'19)
|-
|6
|2-door wagon (Defender 90 '21-)
|-
|7
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 '20-)
|-
|9
|4-door wagon (Range Rover SWB (L460) '22-, Range Rover Sport '23-)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB (L460) '22-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/3 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 w/opt. 3rd row '20-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 V8 models '22-)
|-
|F
|4-door wagon w/extended length (Defender 130 '23-)
|}
SWB=Short-wheelbase, LWB=Long-wheelbase

===Engine Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| 1 || 3.5L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. [[w:Rover V8 engine|(Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine]]. Land Rover Range Rover ('87-'88).
|-
| 1 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Single VANOS (Intake VVT). BMW M62TUB44 engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('03-'05).
|-
| 2 || 3.9L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover SWB ('89-'94), Range Rover County Classic [SWB] ('95), Defender 110 ('93),&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 ('94-'95), Discovery ('94-'95).
|-
| 2 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('95-'99),&lt;br&gt; Discovery ('96-'02), Defender 90 ('97).
|-
| 2 || 2.5L || 90° V6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Sequential MPI. VIS. [[w:Rover KV6 engine|Rover KV6 engine]]. Land Rover Freelander ('02-'05).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (4275 cc, actually 4.3L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover County LWB ('93-'95).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Jaguar AJ33S engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 4 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('96-'99), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 4 || 4.0L || 60° V6 || Gas ||SOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 12 valve||Sequential MPI. Variable intake manifold. Ford Cologne V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'07 &amp; also '08-'09 in Canada).
|-
| 5 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('00), Discovery ('00-'02).
|-
| 5 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Continuously VCP (Intake VVT). Jaguar AJ41 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'09), Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 6 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV ('00-'02) or ULEV ('03).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('00-'02), 4.6 SE ('01), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 9 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('04).
|-
| D || 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. Jaguar AJ133 engine (LR-V8).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('10-'13), Range Rover ('10-'13), Range Rover Sport ('10-'13).
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('10-'16), Range Rover Sport ('10-'16).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Td6 ('16), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('16).
|-
| P || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('16), Range Rover Sport ('16).
|-
| T || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14-'15), Range Rover Sport ('14-'15).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('14-'16), Range Rover ('14-'16), Range Rover Sport ('14-'16).
|-
| W || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14), Range Rover Sport ('14).
|}
VVT=Variable Valve Timing. VCP=Variable Camshaft Phasing. VCT=Variable Camshaft Timing. VIS=Variable Intake System. LEV=Low Emissions Vehicle. ULEV=Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift.

===Transmission Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '08-'09)
|-
|B
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '10-'15, Range Rover Evoque '12-'13)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '15-'16, Range Rover Evoque '14-'16)
|}

===Transmission Type (All models 2017)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|B
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '17, Range Rover Evoque '17)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '17, Range Rover Sport '17)
|}

===Transmission Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|2
|5-speed automatic [manual shift mode: Steptronic or CommandShift] (Jatco JF506E) (Freelander '02-'05)
|-
|4
|4-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22 or w/4.6L V8: 4HP24) (Range Rover '87-'02, Discovery '94-'04, Defender 90 '97)
|-
|4
|5-speed automatic (ZF 5HP24) (Range Rover '03-'05)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP26X) (LR3 '05-'09, Range Rover '06-'09, Range Rover Sport '06-'09)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP28X) (LR4 '10-'13, Range Rover '10-'12, Range Rover Sport '10-'13)
|-
|6
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (LR4 '14-'16)
|-
|8
|5-speed manual (Defender 110 '93, Defender 90 '94-'95, Discovery '94-'97)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '13-'16, Range Rover Sport '14-'16)
|}
All are LHD (Left-hand drive).

===Engine Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR2 ('13-'15), Discovery Sport ('15-'16), Range Rover Evoque ('12-'16).
|-
| N || 3.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||MPI. VCT (Intake VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. [[w:Volvo SI6 engine#B6324S5|Volvo SI6 engine - B6324S5]]. Land Rover LR2 ('08-'12).
|-
|}
VCT=Variable Cam Timing. VVT=Variable Valve Timing. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift. VIS=Variable Intake System.

===Engine Type (All models 2017 only)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('17), Range Rover Evoque ('17).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('17), Range Rover Td6 ('17), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('17).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('17), Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|}

==Engine 2018-==
===Engine Variant (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Power Level/Engine !! Transmission !! Model
|-
|R (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19), Discovery Sport P290 ('20)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|246 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport P250 ('20-'26), Range Rover Evoque S/SE/1st Edition ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P250 ('21-'26)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S/SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P300 HST ('22-'23)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P250 ('19-'26)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P300 (Canada only: '19-'20)
|-
|R (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar D180 ('19)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|F (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P380 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|335 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('21-'23, Canada only: '24-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P400 R-Dynamic HSE ('21-'22), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 HST ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/HSE ('24-'25), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/Autobiography/Belgravia Ed. ('26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|550 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport SE/HSE ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by K)
|254 hp 3.0L &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 turbodiesel V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('21)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('21)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('22-'24)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('25-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('22-'26)
|-
|S (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic ('18-'19), Range Rover HSE ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SE/HSE (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HST (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE Silver ('21-'22), Range Rover (L405) P360 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 HST ('20-'22), Range Rover P400 HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L405) P400 HSE Westminster ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by Y)
|398 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-'22), Range Rover P400e ('20-'21)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P525 ('20-'22), Range Rover (L405) P525 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('20-'22)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 ('23-'26), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P400 SE ('22-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P440e ('23)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover P440e ('23)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|454 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P460e ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|542 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P550e ('24-'26), Range Rover P550e ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 7)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW N63 (JLR NC10)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P530 ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P530 ('22-'23)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One ('24),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two ('25), Range Rover Sport P635 SV ('26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P530 ('24-'26), Range Rover Sport P530 ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|606 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P300 ('20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P400 ('20)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P300 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P400 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('22), Defender 110 P525 ('22)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('23-'25, Canada only: '26), Defender 110 P300 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('23) [Pos. 5 is J]
|-
|F (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('24-'26) 
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 130 P400 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by E)
|493 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P500 ('24-'26), Defender 130 P500 ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P525 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA ('25-'26)
|}

===Engine Type (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('18-'22), Range Rover Sport ('18-'22),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20), Defender V8 ('22-'26).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21).
|-
| N || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Common-rail Direct Injection. Exhaust VVT. JLR Ingenium AJ20D engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Velar ('18-'19)
|-
| U || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT.  CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('21-), Range Rover ('20-), Range Rover Sport (Mid '19-), Range Rover Velar ('21-), Defender ('20-).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('18-'20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover ('18-'19), Range Rover Sport ('18-Mid '19), Range Rover Velar ('18-'20).
|-
| X || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('18-'26), Range Rover Evoque ('18-), Range Rover Velar ('18-), Defender ('20-'26), Discovery ('21-).
|-
| Y || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine + 1 Front motor.&lt;br&gt; 12.4 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P400e ('20-'21), Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-Early '22).
|-
| 4 || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine + 1 Front motor. 31.8 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P440e ('23), P550e ('24-); Range Rover Sport P440e ('23), P460e ('25-), P550e ('24-).
|-
| 7 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW N63B44T3 [N63TU3] engine [JLR NC10-P8H]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('22-'23), Range Rover Sport ('23).
|-
| 9 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW S68B44TO [S68B44A] engine [JLR NC11-P8S]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('24-), Range Rover Sport ('24-),&lt;br&gt; Defender Octa ('25-).
|-
|}
CVVL=Continuously Variable Valve Lift.

==Check Digit/Gearbox (Position 9)==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]

==Model Year Code (Position 10)==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Plant Codes (Position 11)==
* A - Solihull, West Midlands, England, UK
* H - Halewood, Merseyside, England, UK
* 2 - Nitra, Slovakia

==External links==
* [http://www.clifton.nl/calvin.html CalVIN, the on-line free Land Rover VIN CALculator]
* [http://www.fourfold.org/LR_FAQ Land Rover FAQ archive]
* [http://www.vindecoderz.com/EN/Land%20Rover Land Rover VIN decoder]


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>0d3fu6va2alo0o8h05t9ltf3usxn5th</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679056</id>
      <parentid>4679055</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T17:45:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5) */</comment>
      <origin>4679056</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51573" sha1="0o764kyo94nas2met477du1yyy49p5a" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
From 1948 to the early eighties, Land Rover used for their cars chassis numbers of their own format. These formats are described in the table below. Since 1980 Land Rover deploys the standard 17-character Vehicle Identification Number ('''VIN'''), complying with international standards. 

Car details can be derived (decoded, calculated) from the chassis numbers and the VIN. Typically, the model (Defender, Discovery, Range Rover, Freelander), model type (station wagon, three/four door, etc), wheelbase (90 inch, 100 inch, 110 inch, etc.), engine, LHD/RHD, gearbox, and model year is included in the VIN. 

===Chassis number formats over the years===
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Format&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, International VIN, 1980-later&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for LR do Brazil  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;93R..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for AAD, 1985-1995 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;AAD..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, US/Canada VIN, 1987-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Brazil VIN for JLR Brazil, 2016-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;99J.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;14-characters: is actually the 17-char&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;VIN missing the SAL bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1955      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;17.6.....&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1956 to 1961  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;1........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1950      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;L........ or R........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1962 to 1979  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.8......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1950 to 1953  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.6......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1954 to 1955  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.7......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;7-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;6-character numbers, ???? prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;110F..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3-character numbers, 1948 prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;R.. or L..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

===Land Rover WMIs (1981-) (Position 1-3)===

* SAL - Land Rover (UK &amp; Europe)
* 99J - JLR Brazil
* L2C - Chery Jaguar Land Rover (China)

===Model Line===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 4
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 3 / LR3 (2004–2009)|Land Rover LR3]] ('05-'09)
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 4 / LR4 (2009–2016)|Land Rover LR4]] ('10-'16)
|-
|C
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery Sport|Land Rover Discovery Sport]] ('15-'26)
|-
|D
|[[w:Land Rover Defender#North American Specification (NAS) Defenders|Land Rover Defender]] ('93-'95, '97) 
|-
|E
|[[w:Land Rover Defender (L663)|Land Rover Defender (L663)]] ('20-)
|-
|F
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander 2 (L359; 2006–2015)|Land Rover LR2]] ('08-'15)
|-
|G 
|[[w:Range Rover (L405)|Land Rover Range Rover (L405)]] (4th gen.) ('13-'22)
|-
|H 
|[[w:Range Rover Classic|Land Rover Range Rover/Range Rover Classic]] (1st gen.) ('87-'95)
|-
|J 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#First &amp; Second generation Discovery|Land Rover Discovery]] ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|-
|K 
|[[w:Range Rover (L460)|Land Rover Range Rover (L460)]] (5th gen.) (Mid '22-)
|-
|M 
|[[w:Range Rover (L322)|Land Rover Range Rover (L322)]] (3rd gen.) ('03-'12)
|-
|N
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander in North America|Land Rover Freelander]] ('02-'05)
|-
|P 
|[[w:Range Rover (P38A)|Land Rover Range Rover (P38A)]] (2nd gen.) ('95-'02)
|-
|R
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Fifth generation Discovery (L462; 2017–present)|Land Rover Discovery]] ('17-)
|-
|S 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#First generation (L320; 2005)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (1st gen.) ('06-'13)
|-
|T 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery Series II (L318; 1998–2004)|Land Rover Discovery Series II]] ('99-'04)
|-
|V 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#First generation (L538; 2011)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (1st gen.) ('12-'19)
|-
|W 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Second generation (L494; 2013)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (2nd gen.) ('14-'22)
|-
|Y 
|[[w:Range Rover Velar|Land Rover Range Rover Velar]] (1st gen.) ('18-)
|-
|Z 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#Second generation (L551; 2018)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (2nd gen.) ('20-)
|-
|1 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Third generation (L461; 2022)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (3rd gen.) ('23-)
|-
|}

===Model Series/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|V (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|E (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|C (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|F (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|H (following D)
|Defender 110 ('93)
|Class E
|-
|V (following D)
|Defender 90 ('94-'95, '97)
|Class E
|-
|X (following D)
|Defender 90 (CA emissions) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following J)
|Discovery ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|Class E
|-
|N (following J)
|Discovery (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) ('95-'98)
|Class E
|-
|E (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|A (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (GEMS engine management) (Early '99)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (Bosch engine management) ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|C (following P)
|Range Rover 4.6 HSE Callaway Edition (2nd gen.) (Callaway-modified engine) ('99)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|M (following N)
|Freelander S ('02-'03)
|Class C
|-
|Y (following N)
|Freelander SE ('02-'05), SE3 ('03-'05)
|Class C
|-
|E (following N)
|Freelander HSE ('02-'04)
|Class C
|-
|L (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD ('01-'02), S ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|K (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD7 ('01-'02), S7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|W (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE7 ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|H (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|J (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE7 ('01)
|Class E
|-
|P (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|R (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|L (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 SE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|M (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 HSE ('01-'02), Westminster Edition ('02)
|Class E
|-
|H (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Westminster Edition ('04-'05)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Trim Level
!Drive Wheels
!GVWR
!Restraint System
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque SE, SE Premium '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque Landmark Edition 4-d '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '18, Range Rover Evoque HSE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '19, Landmark Edition '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Lux '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|E
|Range Rover Evoque Autobiography '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque SE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|K
|Discovery Sport base model '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery Sport S '20-24, Range Rover Evoque S '20-'24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '20-'23, Range Rover Evoque SE '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Discovery Sport HSE '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque First Edition '20 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic S '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic SE '24,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '20 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic HSE '20, Canada only: '21-'23, Discovery Sport Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic HSE '20-'21,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Bronze Collection - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P300 HST '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar base model '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Range Rover Velar S '18-'20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Velar S '21-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Velar SE - Canada only: '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '19 (some early prod. w/340-hp engine) [Pos. 7 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '21-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic SE '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic HSE '18-'22, First Edition '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar HST '23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic HSE '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|Discovery SE '18-'20, Range Rover Sport SE '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Discovery Landmark Edition '20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P300 S '21-'24 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P360 S - Canada only: '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P300 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P300 Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P360 Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic HSE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; P360 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Metropolitan Edition '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery HSE '18-'20,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport HSE '18 [Pos. 8 is V or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '19 [Pos. 8 is V or K or U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '20, HSE Silver Edition '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE Silver Edition '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery HSE Luxury '18-'20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST Mid '19-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport P400e HSE '20,&lt;br&gt; P400e HSE Silver Edition '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '18,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '18-'19, HSE Dynamic '20-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography Dynamic '18,&lt;br&gt; Autobiography '19-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport SVR '18-'22, SVR Carbon Edition '21-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic S - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P440e Autobiography '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P440e HSE Dynamic - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P550e Autobiography '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P530 First Edition '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Obsidian Black or &lt;br&gt; Flux Silver paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Carbon Bronze paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover (L405) base model '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '20 [Pos. 8 is U or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '21 [Pos. 8 is K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE Westminster Edition '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover P400e HSE '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE SWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition SWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography SWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition SWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic '18-'22,&lt;br&gt; SVAutobiography Dynamic Black '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE LWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition LWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition LWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover (L460) SE '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover (L460) Autobiography '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L460) P530 First Edition '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover (L460) P530 SV '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 90 base model '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 90 S '21-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 130 S w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 90 P400 SE '23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P500 SE w/2 rows of seats '24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 130 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic SE '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 130 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic HSE '22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/2 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/3 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/3 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 75th Limited Edition '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 6 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 75th Limited Edition w/2 rows of seats '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 130 P400 Outbound w/2 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 90 First Edition '21 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 130 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 90 X '21-'23, Canada only: '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 130 X w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '22-'23, P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 110 P525 V8 '24 w/2 rows of seats &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 P525 V8 '22-'23, P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Bond Edition '22 w/2 rows of seats &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 130 P500 V8 w/3 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|}

===Body Type===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 6
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|1
|4-door wagon (Range Rover '87-'12, Defender 110 '93, Discovery '94-'04)
|-
|1
|2-door soft top (Freelander SE3) ('03-'05)
|-
|1
|2-door wagon (Range Rover Evoque 2-d '12-'17)
|-
|2
|2-door soft top (Defender 90) ('94-'95, '97)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (Freelander) ('02-'05)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (LR2 '08-'15, Discovery Sport '15-'26, Range Rover Evoque 4-d '12-, LR3 '05-'09, LR4 '10-'16, Discovery '18-, Range Rover Sport '06-'22, Range Rover Sport P400e '20, Range Rover SWB (L405) '13-'22, Range Rover Velar '18-)
|-
|3
|2-door wagon (Defender 90) ('95, '97)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB '14-'16)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class E GVWR (Range Rover SV Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|4
|4-door wagon [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] (Range Rover P400e '20-'21, Range Rover Sport P400e '21-Early '22)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover Supercharged LWB &amp; Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover LWB (L405) '18-'22)
|-
|5
|2-door convertible (Range Rover Evoque convertible '17-'19)
|-
|6
|2-door wagon (Defender 90 '21-)
|-
|7
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 '20-)
|-
|9
|4-door wagon (Range Rover SWB (L460) '22-, Range Rover Sport '23-)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB (L460) '22-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/3 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 w/opt. 3rd row '20-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 V8 models '22-)
|-
|F
|4-door wagon w/extended length (Defender 130 '23-)
|}
SWB=Short-wheelbase, LWB=Long-wheelbase

===Engine Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| 1 || 3.5L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. [[w:Rover V8 engine|(Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine]]. Land Rover Range Rover ('87-'88).
|-
| 1 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Single VANOS (Intake VVT). BMW M62TUB44 engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('03-'05).
|-
| 2 || 3.9L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover SWB ('89-'94), Range Rover County Classic [SWB] ('95), Defender 110 ('93),&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 ('94-'95), Discovery ('94-'95).
|-
| 2 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('95-'99),&lt;br&gt; Discovery ('96-'02), Defender 90 ('97).
|-
| 2 || 2.5L || 90° V6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Sequential MPI. VIS. [[w:Rover KV6 engine|Rover KV6 engine]]. Land Rover Freelander ('02-'05).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (4275 cc, actually 4.3L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover County LWB ('93-'95).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Jaguar AJ33S engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 4 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('96-'99), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 4 || 4.0L || 60° V6 || Gas ||SOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 12 valve||Sequential MPI. Variable intake manifold. Ford Cologne V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'07 &amp; also '08-'09 in Canada).
|-
| 5 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('00), Discovery ('00-'02).
|-
| 5 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Continuously VCP (Intake VVT). Jaguar AJ41 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'09), Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 6 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV ('00-'02) or ULEV ('03).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('00-'02), 4.6 SE ('01), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 9 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('04).
|-
| D || 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. Jaguar AJ133 engine (LR-V8).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('10-'13), Range Rover ('10-'13), Range Rover Sport ('10-'13).
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('10-'16), Range Rover Sport ('10-'16).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Td6 ('16), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('16).
|-
| P || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('16), Range Rover Sport ('16).
|-
| T || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14-'15), Range Rover Sport ('14-'15).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('14-'16), Range Rover ('14-'16), Range Rover Sport ('14-'16).
|-
| W || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14), Range Rover Sport ('14).
|}
VVT=Variable Valve Timing. VCP=Variable Camshaft Phasing. VCT=Variable Camshaft Timing. VIS=Variable Intake System. LEV=Low Emissions Vehicle. ULEV=Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift.

===Transmission Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '08-'09)
|-
|B
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '10-'15, Range Rover Evoque '12-'13)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '15-'16, Range Rover Evoque '14-'16)
|}

===Transmission Type (All models 2017)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|B
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '17, Range Rover Evoque '17)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '17, Range Rover Sport '17)
|}

===Transmission Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|2
|5-speed automatic [manual shift mode: Steptronic or CommandShift] (Jatco JF506E) (Freelander '02-'05)
|-
|4
|4-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22 or w/4.6L V8: 4HP24) (Range Rover '87-'02, Discovery '94-'04, Defender 90 '97)
|-
|4
|5-speed automatic (ZF 5HP24) (Range Rover '03-'05)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP26X) (LR3 '05-'09, Range Rover '06-'09, Range Rover Sport '06-'09)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP28X) (LR4 '10-'13, Range Rover '10-'12, Range Rover Sport '10-'13)
|-
|6
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (LR4 '14-'16)
|-
|8
|5-speed manual (Defender 110 '93, Defender 90 '94-'95, Discovery '94-'97)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '13-'16, Range Rover Sport '14-'16)
|}
All are LHD (Left-hand drive).

===Engine Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR2 ('13-'15), Discovery Sport ('15-'16), Range Rover Evoque ('12-'16).
|-
| N || 3.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||MPI. VCT (Intake VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. [[w:Volvo SI6 engine#B6324S5|Volvo SI6 engine - B6324S5]]. Land Rover LR2 ('08-'12).
|-
|}
VCT=Variable Cam Timing. VVT=Variable Valve Timing. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift. VIS=Variable Intake System.

===Engine Type (All models 2017 only)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('17), Range Rover Evoque ('17).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('17), Range Rover Td6 ('17), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('17).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('17), Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|}

==Engine 2018-==
===Engine Variant (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Power Level/Engine !! Transmission !! Model
|-
|R (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19), Discovery Sport P290 ('20)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|246 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport P250 ('20-'26), Range Rover Evoque S/SE/1st Edition ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P250 ('21-'26)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S/SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P300 HST ('22-'23)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P250 ('19-'26)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P300 (Canada only: '19-'20)
|-
|R (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar D180 ('19)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|F (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P380 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|335 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('21-'23, Canada only: '24-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P400 R-Dynamic HSE ('21-'22), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 HST ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/HSE ('24-'25), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/Autobiography/Belgravia Ed. ('26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|550 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport SE/HSE ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by K)
|254 hp 3.0L &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 turbodiesel V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('21)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('21)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('22-'24)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('25-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('22-'26)
|-
|S (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic ('18-'19), Range Rover HSE ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SE/HSE (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HST (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE Silver ('21-'22), Range Rover (L405) P360 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 HST ('20-'22), Range Rover P400 HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L405) P400 HSE Westminster ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by Y)
|398 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-'22), Range Rover P400e ('20-'21)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P525 ('20-'22), Range Rover (L405) P525 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('20-'22)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 ('23-'26), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P400 SE ('22-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P440e ('23)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover P440e ('23)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|454 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P460e ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|542 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P550e ('24-'26), Range Rover P550e ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 7)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW N63 (JLR NC10)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P530 ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P530 ('22-'23)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One ('24),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two ('25), Range Rover Sport P635 SV ('26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P530 ('24-'26), Range Rover Sport P530 ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|606 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P300 ('20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P400 ('20)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P300 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P400 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('22), Defender 110 P525 ('22)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('23-'25, Canada only: '26), Defender 110 P300 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('23) [Pos. 5 is J]
|-
|F (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('24-'26) 
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 130 P400 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by E)
|493 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P500 ('24-'26), Defender 130 P500 ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P525 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA ('25-'26)
|}

===Engine Type (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('18-'22), Range Rover Sport ('18-'22),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20), Defender V8 ('22-'26).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21).
|-
| N || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Common-rail Direct Injection. Exhaust VVT. JLR Ingenium AJ20D engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Velar ('18-'19)
|-
| U || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT.  CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('21-), Range Rover ('20-), Range Rover Sport (Mid '19-), Range Rover Velar ('21-), Defender ('20-).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('18-'20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover ('18-'19), Range Rover Sport ('18-Mid '19), Range Rover Velar ('18-'20).
|-
| X || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('18-'26), Range Rover Evoque ('18-), Range Rover Velar ('18-), Defender ('20-'26), Discovery ('21-).
|-
| Y || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine + 1 Front motor.&lt;br&gt; 12.4 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P400e ('20-'21), Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-Early '22).
|-
| 4 || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine + 1 Front motor. 31.8 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P440e ('23), P550e ('24-); Range Rover Sport P440e ('23), P460e ('25-), P550e ('24-).
|-
| 7 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW N63B44T3 [N63TU3] engine [JLR NC10-P8H]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('22-'23), Range Rover Sport ('23).
|-
| 9 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW S68B44TO [S68B44A] engine [JLR NC11-P8S]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('24-), Range Rover Sport ('24-),&lt;br&gt; Defender Octa ('25-).
|-
|}
CVVL=Continuously Variable Valve Lift.

==Check Digit/Gearbox (Position 9)==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]

==Model Year Code (Position 10)==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Plant Codes (Position 11)==
* A - Solihull, West Midlands, England, UK
* H - Halewood, Merseyside, England, UK
* 2 - Nitra, Slovakia

==External links==
* [http://www.clifton.nl/calvin.html CalVIN, the on-line free Land Rover VIN CALculator]
* [http://www.fourfold.org/LR_FAQ Land Rover FAQ archive]
* [http://www.vindecoderz.com/EN/Land%20Rover Land Rover VIN decoder]


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>0o764kyo94nas2met477du1yyy49p5a</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679073</id>
      <parentid>4679056</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T19:28:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5) */</comment>
      <origin>4679073</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51638" sha1="f2tsag3g26fs2gbk03ywyhuzt5spktr" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
From 1948 to the early eighties, Land Rover used for their cars chassis numbers of their own format. These formats are described in the table below. Since 1980 Land Rover deploys the standard 17-character Vehicle Identification Number ('''VIN'''), complying with international standards. 

Car details can be derived (decoded, calculated) from the chassis numbers and the VIN. Typically, the model (Defender, Discovery, Range Rover, Freelander), model type (station wagon, three/four door, etc), wheelbase (90 inch, 100 inch, 110 inch, etc.), engine, LHD/RHD, gearbox, and model year is included in the VIN. 

===Chassis number formats over the years===
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Format&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, International VIN, 1980-later&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for LR do Brazil  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;93R..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for AAD, 1985-1995 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;AAD..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, US/Canada VIN, 1987-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Brazil VIN for JLR Brazil, 2016-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;99J.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;14-characters: is actually the 17-char&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;VIN missing the SAL bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1955      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;17.6.....&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1956 to 1961  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;1........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1950      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;L........ or R........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1962 to 1979  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.8......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1950 to 1953  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.6......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1954 to 1955  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.7......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;7-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;6-character numbers, ???? prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;110F..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3-character numbers, 1948 prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;R.. or L..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

===Land Rover WMIs (1981-) (Position 1-3)===

* SAL - Land Rover (UK &amp; Europe)
* 99J - JLR Brazil
* L2C - Chery Jaguar Land Rover (China)

===Model Line===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 4
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 3 / LR3 (2004–2009)|Land Rover LR3]] ('05-'09)
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 4 / LR4 (2009–2016)|Land Rover LR4]] ('10-'16)
|-
|C
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery Sport|Land Rover Discovery Sport]] ('15-'26)
|-
|D
|[[w:Land Rover Defender#North American Specification (NAS) Defenders|Land Rover Defender]] ('93-'95, '97) 
|-
|E
|[[w:Land Rover Defender (L663)|Land Rover Defender (L663)]] ('20-)
|-
|F
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander 2 (L359; 2006–2015)|Land Rover LR2]] ('08-'15)
|-
|G 
|[[w:Range Rover (L405)|Land Rover Range Rover (L405)]] (4th gen.) ('13-'22)
|-
|H 
|[[w:Range Rover Classic|Land Rover Range Rover/Range Rover Classic]] (1st gen.) ('87-'95)
|-
|J 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#First &amp; Second generation Discovery|Land Rover Discovery]] ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|-
|K 
|[[w:Range Rover (L460)|Land Rover Range Rover (L460)]] (5th gen.) (Mid '22-)
|-
|M 
|[[w:Range Rover (L322)|Land Rover Range Rover (L322)]] (3rd gen.) ('03-'12)
|-
|N
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander in North America|Land Rover Freelander]] ('02-'05)
|-
|P 
|[[w:Range Rover (P38A)|Land Rover Range Rover (P38A)]] (2nd gen.) ('95-'02)
|-
|R
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Fifth generation Discovery (L462; 2017–present)|Land Rover Discovery]] ('17-)
|-
|S 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#First generation (L320; 2005)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (1st gen.) ('06-'13)
|-
|T 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery Series II (L318; 1998–2004)|Land Rover Discovery Series II]] ('99-'04)
|-
|V 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#First generation (L538; 2011)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (1st gen.) ('12-'19)
|-
|W 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Second generation (L494; 2013)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (2nd gen.) ('14-'22)
|-
|Y 
|[[w:Range Rover Velar|Land Rover Range Rover Velar]] (1st gen.) ('18-)
|-
|Z 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#Second generation (L551; 2018)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (2nd gen.) ('20-)
|-
|1 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Third generation (L461; 2022)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (3rd gen.) ('23-)
|-
|}

===Model Series/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|V (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|E (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|C (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|F (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|H (following D)
|Defender 110 ('93)
|Class E
|-
|V (following D)
|Defender 90 ('94-'95, '97)
|Class E
|-
|X (following D)
|Defender 90 (CA emissions) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following J)
|Discovery ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|Class E
|-
|N (following J)
|Discovery (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) ('95-'98)
|Class E
|-
|E (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|A (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (GEMS engine management) (Early '99)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (Bosch engine management) ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|C (following P)
|Range Rover 4.6 HSE Callaway Edition (2nd gen.) (Callaway-modified engine) ('99)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|M (following N)
|Freelander S ('02-'03)
|Class C
|-
|Y (following N)
|Freelander SE ('02-'05), SE3 ('03-'05)
|Class C
|-
|E (following N)
|Freelander HSE ('02-'04)
|Class C
|-
|L (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD ('01-'02), S ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|K (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD7 ('01-'02), S7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|W (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE7 ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|H (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|J (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE7 ('01)
|Class E
|-
|P (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|R (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|L (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 SE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|M (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 HSE ('01-'02), Westminster Edition ('02)
|Class E
|-
|H (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Westminster Edition ('04-'05)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Trim Level
!Drive Wheels
!GVWR
!Restraint System
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque SE, SE Premium '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque Landmark Edition 4-d '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '18, Range Rover Evoque HSE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '19, Landmark Edition '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Lux '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|E
|Range Rover Evoque Autobiography '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque SE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|K
|Discovery Sport base model '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery Sport S '20-25, Range Rover Evoque S '20-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '20-'23, Range Rover Evoque SE '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Discovery Sport HSE '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque First Edition '20 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic S '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic SE '24-'25,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic SE '24-'25 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '20 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic HSE '20, Canada only: '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic HSE '20-'21,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Bronze Collection - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P300 HST '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar base model '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Range Rover Velar S '18-'20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Velar S '21-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Velar SE - Canada only: '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '19 (some early prod. w/340-hp engine) [Pos. 7 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '21-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic SE '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic HSE '18-'22, First Edition '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar HST '23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic HSE '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|Discovery SE '18-'20, Range Rover Sport SE '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Discovery Landmark Edition '20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P300 S '21-'24 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P360 S - Canada only: '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P300 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P300 Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P360 Dynamic SE '24 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic HSE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; P360 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Metropolitan Edition '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery HSE '18-'20,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport HSE '18 [Pos. 8 is V or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '19 [Pos. 8 is V or K or U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '20, HSE Silver Edition '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE Silver Edition '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery HSE Luxury '18-'20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST Mid '19-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport P400e HSE '20,&lt;br&gt; P400e HSE Silver Edition '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '18,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '18-'19, HSE Dynamic '20-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography Dynamic '18,&lt;br&gt; Autobiography '19-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport SVR '18-'22, SVR Carbon Edition '21-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic S - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P440e Autobiography '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P440e HSE Dynamic - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P550e Autobiography '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P530 First Edition '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Obsidian Black or &lt;br&gt; Flux Silver paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Carbon Bronze paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover (L405) base model '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '20 [Pos. 8 is U or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '21 [Pos. 8 is K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE Westminster Edition '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover P400e HSE '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE SWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition SWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography SWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition SWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic '18-'22,&lt;br&gt; SVAutobiography Dynamic Black '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE LWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition LWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition LWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover (L460) SE '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover (L460) Autobiography '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L460) P530 First Edition '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover (L460) P530 SV '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 90 base model '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 90 S '21-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 130 S w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 90 P400 SE '23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P500 SE w/2 rows of seats '24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 130 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic SE '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 130 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic HSE '22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/2 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/3 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/3 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 75th Limited Edition '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 6 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 75th Limited Edition w/2 rows of seats '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 130 P400 Outbound w/2 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 90 First Edition '21 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 130 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 90 X '21-'23, Canada only: '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 130 X w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '22-'23, P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 110 P525 V8 w/2 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 P525 V8 w/2 rows of seats '22-'23,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Carpathian Edition w/2 rows of seats '22-'24,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Bond Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 130 P500 V8 w/3 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|}

===Body Type===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 6
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|1
|4-door wagon (Range Rover '87-'12, Defender 110 '93, Discovery '94-'04)
|-
|1
|2-door soft top (Freelander SE3) ('03-'05)
|-
|1
|2-door wagon (Range Rover Evoque 2-d '12-'17)
|-
|2
|2-door soft top (Defender 90) ('94-'95, '97)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (Freelander) ('02-'05)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (LR2 '08-'15, Discovery Sport '15-'26, Range Rover Evoque 4-d '12-, LR3 '05-'09, LR4 '10-'16, Discovery '18-, Range Rover Sport '06-'22, Range Rover Sport P400e '20, Range Rover SWB (L405) '13-'22, Range Rover Velar '18-)
|-
|3
|2-door wagon (Defender 90) ('95, '97)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB '14-'16)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class E GVWR (Range Rover SV Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|4
|4-door wagon [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] (Range Rover P400e '20-'21, Range Rover Sport P400e '21-Early '22)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover Supercharged LWB &amp; Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover LWB (L405) '18-'22)
|-
|5
|2-door convertible (Range Rover Evoque convertible '17-'19)
|-
|6
|2-door wagon (Defender 90 '21-)
|-
|7
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 '20-)
|-
|9
|4-door wagon (Range Rover SWB (L460) '22-, Range Rover Sport '23-)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB (L460) '22-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/3 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 w/opt. 3rd row '20-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 V8 models '22-)
|-
|F
|4-door wagon w/extended length (Defender 130 '23-)
|}
SWB=Short-wheelbase, LWB=Long-wheelbase

===Engine Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| 1 || 3.5L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. [[w:Rover V8 engine|(Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine]]. Land Rover Range Rover ('87-'88).
|-
| 1 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Single VANOS (Intake VVT). BMW M62TUB44 engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('03-'05).
|-
| 2 || 3.9L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover SWB ('89-'94), Range Rover County Classic [SWB] ('95), Defender 110 ('93),&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 ('94-'95), Discovery ('94-'95).
|-
| 2 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('95-'99),&lt;br&gt; Discovery ('96-'02), Defender 90 ('97).
|-
| 2 || 2.5L || 90° V6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Sequential MPI. VIS. [[w:Rover KV6 engine|Rover KV6 engine]]. Land Rover Freelander ('02-'05).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (4275 cc, actually 4.3L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover County LWB ('93-'95).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Jaguar AJ33S engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 4 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('96-'99), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 4 || 4.0L || 60° V6 || Gas ||SOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 12 valve||Sequential MPI. Variable intake manifold. Ford Cologne V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'07 &amp; also '08-'09 in Canada).
|-
| 5 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('00), Discovery ('00-'02).
|-
| 5 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Continuously VCP (Intake VVT). Jaguar AJ41 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'09), Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 6 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV ('00-'02) or ULEV ('03).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('00-'02), 4.6 SE ('01), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 9 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('04).
|-
| D || 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. Jaguar AJ133 engine (LR-V8).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('10-'13), Range Rover ('10-'13), Range Rover Sport ('10-'13).
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('10-'16), Range Rover Sport ('10-'16).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Td6 ('16), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('16).
|-
| P || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('16), Range Rover Sport ('16).
|-
| T || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14-'15), Range Rover Sport ('14-'15).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('14-'16), Range Rover ('14-'16), Range Rover Sport ('14-'16).
|-
| W || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14), Range Rover Sport ('14).
|}
VVT=Variable Valve Timing. VCP=Variable Camshaft Phasing. VCT=Variable Camshaft Timing. VIS=Variable Intake System. LEV=Low Emissions Vehicle. ULEV=Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift.

===Transmission Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '08-'09)
|-
|B
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '10-'15, Range Rover Evoque '12-'13)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '15-'16, Range Rover Evoque '14-'16)
|}

===Transmission Type (All models 2017)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|B
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '17, Range Rover Evoque '17)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '17, Range Rover Sport '17)
|}

===Transmission Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|2
|5-speed automatic [manual shift mode: Steptronic or CommandShift] (Jatco JF506E) (Freelander '02-'05)
|-
|4
|4-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22 or w/4.6L V8: 4HP24) (Range Rover '87-'02, Discovery '94-'04, Defender 90 '97)
|-
|4
|5-speed automatic (ZF 5HP24) (Range Rover '03-'05)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP26X) (LR3 '05-'09, Range Rover '06-'09, Range Rover Sport '06-'09)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP28X) (LR4 '10-'13, Range Rover '10-'12, Range Rover Sport '10-'13)
|-
|6
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (LR4 '14-'16)
|-
|8
|5-speed manual (Defender 110 '93, Defender 90 '94-'95, Discovery '94-'97)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '13-'16, Range Rover Sport '14-'16)
|}
All are LHD (Left-hand drive).

===Engine Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR2 ('13-'15), Discovery Sport ('15-'16), Range Rover Evoque ('12-'16).
|-
| N || 3.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||MPI. VCT (Intake VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. [[w:Volvo SI6 engine#B6324S5|Volvo SI6 engine - B6324S5]]. Land Rover LR2 ('08-'12).
|-
|}
VCT=Variable Cam Timing. VVT=Variable Valve Timing. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift. VIS=Variable Intake System.

===Engine Type (All models 2017 only)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('17), Range Rover Evoque ('17).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('17), Range Rover Td6 ('17), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('17).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('17), Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|}

==Engine 2018-==
===Engine Variant (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Power Level/Engine !! Transmission !! Model
|-
|R (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19), Discovery Sport P290 ('20)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|246 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport P250 ('20-'26), Range Rover Evoque S/SE/1st Edition ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P250 ('21-'26)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S/SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P300 HST ('22-'23)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P250 ('19-'26)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P300 (Canada only: '19-'20)
|-
|R (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar D180 ('19)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|F (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P380 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|335 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('21-'23, Canada only: '24-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P400 R-Dynamic HSE ('21-'22), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 HST ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/HSE ('24-'25), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/Autobiography/Belgravia Ed. ('26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|550 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport SE/HSE ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by K)
|254 hp 3.0L &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 turbodiesel V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('21)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('21)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('22-'24)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('25-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('22-'26)
|-
|S (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic ('18-'19), Range Rover HSE ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SE/HSE (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HST (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE Silver ('21-'22), Range Rover (L405) P360 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 HST ('20-'22), Range Rover P400 HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L405) P400 HSE Westminster ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by Y)
|398 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-'22), Range Rover P400e ('20-'21)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P525 ('20-'22), Range Rover (L405) P525 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('20-'22)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 ('23-'26), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P400 SE ('22-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P440e ('23)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover P440e ('23)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|454 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P460e ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|542 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P550e ('24-'26), Range Rover P550e ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 7)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW N63 (JLR NC10)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P530 ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P530 ('22-'23)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One ('24),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two ('25), Range Rover Sport P635 SV ('26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P530 ('24-'26), Range Rover Sport P530 ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|606 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P300 ('20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P400 ('20)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P300 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P400 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('22), Defender 110 P525 ('22)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('23-'25, Canada only: '26), Defender 110 P300 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('23) [Pos. 5 is J]
|-
|F (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('24-'26) 
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 130 P400 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by E)
|493 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P500 ('24-'26), Defender 130 P500 ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P525 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA ('25-'26)
|}

===Engine Type (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('18-'22), Range Rover Sport ('18-'22),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20), Defender V8 ('22-'26).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21).
|-
| N || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Common-rail Direct Injection. Exhaust VVT. JLR Ingenium AJ20D engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Velar ('18-'19)
|-
| U || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT.  CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('21-), Range Rover ('20-), Range Rover Sport (Mid '19-), Range Rover Velar ('21-), Defender ('20-).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('18-'20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover ('18-'19), Range Rover Sport ('18-Mid '19), Range Rover Velar ('18-'20).
|-
| X || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('18-'26), Range Rover Evoque ('18-), Range Rover Velar ('18-), Defender ('20-'26), Discovery ('21-).
|-
| Y || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine + 1 Front motor.&lt;br&gt; 12.4 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P400e ('20-'21), Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-Early '22).
|-
| 4 || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine + 1 Front motor. 31.8 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P440e ('23), P550e ('24-); Range Rover Sport P440e ('23), P460e ('25-), P550e ('24-).
|-
| 7 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW N63B44T3 [N63TU3] engine [JLR NC10-P8H]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('22-'23), Range Rover Sport ('23).
|-
| 9 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW S68B44TO [S68B44A] engine [JLR NC11-P8S]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('24-), Range Rover Sport ('24-),&lt;br&gt; Defender Octa ('25-).
|-
|}
CVVL=Continuously Variable Valve Lift.

==Check Digit/Gearbox (Position 9)==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]

==Model Year Code (Position 10)==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Plant Codes (Position 11)==
* A - Solihull, West Midlands, England, UK
* H - Halewood, Merseyside, England, UK
* 2 - Nitra, Slovakia

==External links==
* [http://www.clifton.nl/calvin.html CalVIN, the on-line free Land Rover VIN CALculator]
* [http://www.fourfold.org/LR_FAQ Land Rover FAQ archive]
* [http://www.vindecoderz.com/EN/Land%20Rover Land Rover VIN decoder]


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>f2tsag3g26fs2gbk03ywyhuzt5spktr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679074</id>
      <parentid>4679073</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T19:42:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5) */</comment>
      <origin>4679074</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="51650" sha1="cqtigr6ne4y0p1c7x2gl1tm1byyx713" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}
From 1948 to the early eighties, Land Rover used for their cars chassis numbers of their own format. These formats are described in the table below. Since 1980 Land Rover deploys the standard 17-character Vehicle Identification Number ('''VIN'''), complying with international standards. 

Car details can be derived (decoded, calculated) from the chassis numbers and the VIN. Typically, the model (Defender, Discovery, Range Rover, Freelander), model type (station wagon, three/four door, etc), wheelbase (90 inch, 100 inch, 110 inch, etc.), engine, LHD/RHD, gearbox, and model year is included in the VIN. 

===Chassis number formats over the years===
&lt;table&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Description&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;Format&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, International VIN, 1980-later&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for LR do Brazil  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;93R..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Int. VIN for AAD, 1985-1995 &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;AAD..............&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, US/Canada VIN, 1987-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;SAL.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;17-characters, Brazil VIN for JLR Brazil, 2016-later  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;99J.................&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;14-characters: is actually the 17-char&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;VIN missing the SAL bit&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1955      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;17.6.....&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1956 to 1961  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;1........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1950      &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;L........ or R........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;9-character numbers, 1962 to 1979  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.........&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.8......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1950 to 1953  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.6......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;8-character numbers, 1954 to 1955  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.7......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;7-character numbers, 1948 to 1949  &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;.......&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;6-character numbers, ???? prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;110F..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;3-character numbers, 1948 prototypes &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;R.. or L..&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

===Land Rover WMIs (1981-) (Position 1-3)===

* SAL - Land Rover (UK &amp; Europe)
* 99J - JLR Brazil
* L2C - Chery Jaguar Land Rover (China)

===Model Line===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 4
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 3 / LR3 (2004–2009)|Land Rover LR3]] ('05-'09)
|-
|A
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery 4 / LR4 (2009–2016)|Land Rover LR4]] ('10-'16)
|-
|C
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery Sport|Land Rover Discovery Sport]] ('15-'26)
|-
|D
|[[w:Land Rover Defender#North American Specification (NAS) Defenders|Land Rover Defender]] ('93-'95, '97) 
|-
|E
|[[w:Land Rover Defender (L663)|Land Rover Defender (L663)]] ('20-)
|-
|F
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander 2 (L359; 2006–2015)|Land Rover LR2]] ('08-'15)
|-
|G 
|[[w:Range Rover (L405)|Land Rover Range Rover (L405)]] (4th gen.) ('13-'22)
|-
|H 
|[[w:Range Rover Classic|Land Rover Range Rover/Range Rover Classic]] (1st gen.) ('87-'95)
|-
|J 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#First &amp; Second generation Discovery|Land Rover Discovery]] ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|-
|K 
|[[w:Range Rover (L460)|Land Rover Range Rover (L460)]] (5th gen.) (Mid '22-)
|-
|M 
|[[w:Range Rover (L322)|Land Rover Range Rover (L322)]] (3rd gen.) ('03-'12)
|-
|N
|[[w:Land Rover Freelander#Freelander in North America|Land Rover Freelander]] ('02-'05)
|-
|P 
|[[w:Range Rover (P38A)|Land Rover Range Rover (P38A)]] (2nd gen.) ('95-'02)
|-
|R
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Fifth generation Discovery (L462; 2017–present)|Land Rover Discovery]] ('17-)
|-
|S 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#First generation (L320; 2005)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (1st gen.) ('06-'13)
|-
|T 
|[[w:Land Rover Discovery#Discovery Series II (L318; 1998–2004)|Land Rover Discovery Series II]] ('99-'04)
|-
|V 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#First generation (L538; 2011)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (1st gen.) ('12-'19)
|-
|W 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Second generation (L494; 2013)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (2nd gen.) ('14-'22)
|-
|Y 
|[[w:Range Rover Velar|Land Rover Range Rover Velar]] (1st gen.) ('18-)
|-
|Z 
|[[w:Range Rover Evoque#Second generation (L551; 2018)|Land Rover Range Rover Evoque]] (2nd gen.) ('20-)
|-
|1 
|[[w:Range Rover Sport#Third generation (L461; 2022)|Land Rover Range Rover Sport]] (3rd gen.) ('23-)
|-
|}

===Model Series/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|V (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|E (following H)
|Range Rover 100&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|C (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (1st gen.)
|Class E
|-
|F (following H)
|Range Rover LWB 108&quot; wheelbase (CA emissions) (1st gen.) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|H (following D)
|Defender 110 ('93)
|Class E
|-
|V (following D)
|Defender 90 ('94-'95, '97)
|Class E
|-
|X (following D)
|Defender 90 (CA emissions) ('95)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following J)
|Discovery ('94-'98 &amp; '99 Discovery SD)
|Class E
|-
|N (following J)
|Discovery (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) ('95-'98)
|Class E
|-
|E (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (CA emissions) ('95-'96)
|Class E
|-
|A (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (GEMS engine management) (Early '99)
|Class E
|-
|V (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) (Bosch engine management) ('99-'00)
|Class E
|-
|C (following P)
|Range Rover 4.6 HSE Callaway Edition (2nd gen.) (Callaway-modified engine) ('99)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Model Series/Trim Level/GVWR===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Series
!GVWR
|-
|M (following N)
|Freelander S ('02-'03)
|Class C
|-
|Y (following N)
|Freelander SE ('02-'05), SE3 ('03-'05)
|Class C
|-
|E (following N)
|Freelander HSE ('02-'04)
|Class C
|-
|L (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD ('01-'02), S ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|K (following T)
|Discovery Series II SD7 ('01-'02), S7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|Y (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|W (following T)
|Discovery Series II SE7 ('01-'04)
|Class E
|-
|H (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|J (following T)
|Discovery Series II LE7 ('01)
|Class E
|-
|P (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|R (following T)
|Discovery Series II HSE7 ('03-'04)
|Class E
|-
|L (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 SE ('01)
|Class E
|-
|M (following P)
|Range Rover (2nd gen.) 4.6 HSE ('01-'02), Westminster Edition ('02)
|Class E
|-
|H (following M)
|Range Rover (3rd gen.) Westminster Edition ('04-'05)
|Class E
|-
|}

===Trim Level/Drive Wheels/GVWR/Restraint System (Position 5)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 5
!VIN code
!Trim Level
!Drive Wheels
!GVWR
!Restraint System
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque SE, SE Premium '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque Landmark Edition 4-d '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '18, Range Rover Evoque HSE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE '19, Landmark Edition '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery Sport HSE Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Lux '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury '19 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport HSE Luxury Dynamic '19 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|E
|Range Rover Evoque Autobiography '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Evoque SE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|D
|Range Rover Evoque HSE Dynamic 2-d convertible '18-'19 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags &amp; Front Side Head/Thorax Airbags
|-
|K
|Discovery Sport base model '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery Sport S '20-25, Range Rover Evoque S '20-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Discovery Sport SE '20-'23, Range Rover Evoque SE '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Discovery Sport HSE '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque First Edition '20 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic S '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S '20-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic SE '20-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic SE '24-'25,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic SE '24-'25 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic SE '20 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery Sport R-Dynamic HSE '20, Canada only: '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; Discovery Sport Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic HSE '20-'21,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P250 Bronze Collection - &lt;br&gt; Canada only: '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is F]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover Evoque P300 HST '22-'23 [Pos. 7 is G]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar base model '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Range Rover Velar S '18-'20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Range Rover Velar S '21-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|C
|Range Rover Velar SE - Canada only: '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '18-'19
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|A
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic SE '19 (some early prod. w/340-hp engine) [Pos. 7 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic S '21-'23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic SE '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar R-Dynamic HSE '18-'22, First Edition '18
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Velar HST '23
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Velar Dynamic HSE '24-'25
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic '20
|Awd
|Class D (5,001-6,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|G
|Discovery SE '18-'20, Range Rover Sport SE '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Discovery Landmark Edition '20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P300 S '21-'25 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Discovery P360 S - Canada only: '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P300 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic S '21-'23 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P300 Dynamic SE '24-'25 [Pos. 8 is X]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Discovery P360 Dynamic SE '24-'25 [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Discovery P360 R-Dynamic HSE '21-'23,&lt;br&gt; P360 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24-'25
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Discovery P360 Metropolitan Edition '23-'25
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Discovery HSE '18-'20,&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport HSE '18 [Pos. 8 is V or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '19 [Pos. 8 is V or K or U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE '20, HSE Silver Edition '21 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U or K]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport HSE Silver Edition '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Discovery HSE Luxury '18-'20
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover Sport HST Mid '19-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport P400e HSE '20,&lt;br&gt; P400e HSE Silver Edition '21-'22 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover Sport Supercharged '18,&lt;br&gt; Supercharged Dynamic '18-'19, HSE Dynamic '20-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport Autobiography Dynamic '18,&lt;br&gt; Autobiography '19-'22 [Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport SVR '18-'22, SVR Carbon Edition '21-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|T
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic S - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|L
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic SE '23-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P400 Dynamic HSE - Canada only: '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P440e Autobiography '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|M
|Range Rover Sport P440e HSE Dynamic - Canada only: '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover Sport P550e Autobiography '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover Sport P530 First Edition '23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Obsidian Black or &lt;br&gt; Flux Silver paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|0
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One w/Carbon Bronze paint '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|R
|Range Rover (L405) base model '18-'22
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '18-'19 [Pos. 8 is V or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '20 [Pos. 8 is U or K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover HSE '21 [Pos. 8 is K] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) HSE Westminster Edition '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 8 is U] 
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover P400e HSE '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover P400e Autobiography '20-'21 [Pos. 8 is Y]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged SWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE SWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition SWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 2 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography SWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition SWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic '18-'22,&lt;br&gt; SVAutobiography Dynamic Black '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 2]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|S
|Range Rover (L405) Supercharged LWB '18-'19,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE LWB '20,&lt;br&gt; P525 HSE Westminster Edition LWB '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 5 &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L405) Autobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover Autobiography Fifty Edition LWB '21 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography LWB '18-'22 [Pos. 6 is 5]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Range Rover (L460) SE '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Range Rover (L460) Autobiography '22-'24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Range Rover (L460) P530 First Edition '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|U
|Range Rover (L460) P530 SV '22-'23
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Z
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV '24
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 90 base model '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|K
|Defender 110 base model w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 90 S '21-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 110 S w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|J
|Defender 130 S w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|Y
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic S '21-'22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 90 P400 SE '23 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/2 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P500 SE w/2 rows of seats '24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 110 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '20-'23 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|P
|Defender 130 P400 SE w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic SE '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/2 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '21-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|2
|Defender 130 X-Dynamic SE w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 90 X-Dynamic HSE '22 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/2 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|3
|Defender 110 X-Dynamic HSE w/3 rows of seats '21-'22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 XS Edition w/3 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 75th Limited Edition '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 6 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 75th Limited Edition w/2 rows of seats '23 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is 7 &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 130 P400 Outbound w/2 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is U]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 90 First Edition '21 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|1
|Defender 110 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|V
|Defender 130 First Edition w/3 rows of seats '23 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/2 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|9
|Defender 110 HSE w/3 rows of seats '20 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 90 X '21-'23, Canada only: '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/2 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is 7]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 110 X w/3 rows of seats '20-'24 [Pos. 6 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|X
|Defender 130 X w/3 rows of seats '23-'24 [Pos. 6 is F]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 90 P525 V8 '22-'23, P525 V8 Carpathian Edition '22-'24 [Pos. 6 is 6]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 110 P525 V8 w/2 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|W
|Defender 110 P525 V8 w/2 rows of seats '22-'23,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Carpathian Edition w/2 rows of seats '22-'24,&lt;br&gt; P525 V8 Bond Edition w/2 rows of seats '22 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is E &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class E (6,001-7,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|-
|B
|Defender 130 P500 V8 w/3 rows of seats '24 &lt;br&gt; [Pos. 6 is F &amp; Pos. 8 is E]
|Awd
|Class F (7,001-8,000 lbs.)
|Manual seat belts, Dual front airbags, &amp; Front Side Airbags &amp; Side Curtain Airbags
|}

===Body Type===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 6
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|1
|4-door wagon (Range Rover '87-'12, Defender 110 '93, Discovery '94-'04)
|-
|1
|2-door soft top (Freelander SE3) ('03-'05)
|-
|1
|2-door wagon (Range Rover Evoque 2-d '12-'17)
|-
|2
|2-door soft top (Defender 90) ('94-'95, '97)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (Freelander) ('02-'05)
|-
|2
|4-door wagon (LR2 '08-'15, Discovery Sport '15-'26, Range Rover Evoque 4-d '12-, LR3 '05-'09, LR4 '10-'16, Discovery '18-, Range Rover Sport '06-'22, Range Rover Sport P400e '20, Range Rover SWB (L405) '13-'22, Range Rover Velar '18-)
|-
|3
|2-door wagon (Defender 90) ('95, '97)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB '14-'16)
|-
|3
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class E GVWR (Range Rover SV Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|4
|4-door wagon [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] (Range Rover P400e '20-'21, Range Rover Sport P400e '21-Early '22)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover Supercharged LWB &amp; Autobiography LWB '17)
|-
|5
|4-door wagon LWB w/Class F GVWR (Range Rover LWB (L405) '18-'22)
|-
|5
|2-door convertible (Range Rover Evoque convertible '17-'19)
|-
|6
|2-door wagon (Defender 90 '21-)
|-
|7
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 '20-)
|-
|9
|4-door wagon (Range Rover SWB (L460) '22-, Range Rover Sport '23-)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|4-door wagon LWB (Range Rover LWB (L460) '22-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/3 rows of seating (Defender 110 P300/P400 w/opt. 3rd row '20-)
|-
|E
|4-door wagon w/2 rows of seating (Defender 110 V8 models '22-)
|-
|F
|4-door wagon w/extended length (Defender 130 '23-)
|}
SWB=Short-wheelbase, LWB=Long-wheelbase

===Engine Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| 1 || 3.5L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. [[w:Rover V8 engine|(Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine]]. Land Rover Range Rover ('87-'88).
|-
| 1 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Single VANOS (Intake VVT). BMW M62TUB44 engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('03-'05).
|-
| 2 || 3.9L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover SWB ('89-'94), Range Rover County Classic [SWB] ('95), Defender 110 ('93),&lt;br&gt; Defender 90 ('94-'95), Discovery ('94-'95).
|-
| 2 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('95-'99),&lt;br&gt; Discovery ('96-'02), Defender 90 ('97).
|-
| 2 || 2.5L || 90° V6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Sequential MPI. VIS. [[w:Rover KV6 engine|Rover KV6 engine]]. Land Rover Freelander ('02-'05).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||MPI. (4275 cc, actually 4.3L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover County LWB ('93-'95).
|-
| 3 || 4.2L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Jaguar AJ33S engine. Land Rover Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 4 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('96-'99), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 4 || 4.0L || 60° V6 || Gas ||SOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 12 valve||Sequential MPI. Variable intake manifold. Ford Cologne V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'07 &amp; also '08-'09 in Canada).
|-
| 5 || 4.0L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (3947 cc, actually 3.9L). (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.0 SE ('00), Discovery ('00-'02).
|-
| 5 || 4.4L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Sequential MPI. Continuously VCP (Intake VVT). Jaguar AJ41 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR3 ('05-'09), Range Rover ('06-'09), Range Rover Sport ('06-'09).
|-
| 6 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. LEV ('00-'02) or ULEV ('03).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover 4.6 HSE ('00-'02), 4.6 SE ('01), Discovery ('03).
|-
| 9 || 4.6L || V8 || Gas ||OHV||Sequential MPI. (Ex-GM) Rover V8 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('04).
|-
| D || 5.0L || V8 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. Jaguar AJ133 engine (LR-V8).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('10-'13), Range Rover ('10-'13), Range Rover Sport ('10-'13).
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('10-'16), Range Rover Sport ('10-'16).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Td6 ('16), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('16).
|-
| P || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('16), Range Rover Sport ('16).
|-
| T || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14-'15), Range Rover Sport ('14-'15).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR4 ('14-'16), Range Rover ('14-'16), Range Rover Sport ('14-'16).
|-
| W || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas/E85 ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Flex Fuel. Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('14), Range Rover Sport ('14).
|}
VVT=Variable Valve Timing. VCP=Variable Camshaft Phasing. VCT=Variable Camshaft Timing. VIS=Variable Intake System. LEV=Low Emissions Vehicle. ULEV=Ultra-Low Emissions Vehicle. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift.

===Transmission Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '08-'09)
|-
|B
|6-speed automatic (Aisin AWF21) (LR2 '10-'15, Range Rover Evoque '12-'13)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '15-'16, Range Rover Evoque '14-'16)
|}

===Transmission Type (All models 2017)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|B
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Discovery '17)
|-
|B
|9-speed automatic (ZF 9HP) (Discovery Sport '17, Range Rover Evoque '17)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '17, Range Rover Sport '17)
|}

===Transmission Type (All Models 1987-2016 EXCEPT LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque)===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
!VIN code
!Description
|-
|2
|5-speed automatic [manual shift mode: Steptronic or CommandShift] (Jatco JF506E) (Freelander '02-'05)
|-
|4
|4-speed automatic (ZF 4HP22 or w/4.6L V8: 4HP24) (Range Rover '87-'02, Discovery '94-'04, Defender 90 '97)
|-
|4
|5-speed automatic (ZF 5HP24) (Range Rover '03-'05)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP26X) (LR3 '05-'09, Range Rover '06-'09, Range Rover Sport '06-'09)
|-
|4
|6-speed automatic (ZF 6HP28X) (LR4 '10-'13, Range Rover '10-'12, Range Rover Sport '10-'13)
|-
|6
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (LR4 '14-'16)
|-
|8
|5-speed manual (Defender 110 '93, Defender 90 '94-'95, Discovery '94-'97)
|-
|F
|8-speed automatic (ZF 8HP) (Range Rover '13-'16, Range Rover Sport '14-'16)
|}
All are LHD (Left-hand drive).

===Engine Type (LR2, Discovery Sport, Range Rover Evoque only 2008-2016)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover LR2 ('13-'15), Discovery Sport ('15-'16), Range Rover Evoque ('12-'16).
|-
| N || 3.2L || I6 || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||MPI. VCT (Intake VVT). CPS (Intake VVL). VIS. [[w:Volvo SI6 engine#B6324S5|Volvo SI6 engine - B6324S5]]. Land Rover LR2 ('08-'12).
|-
|}
VCT=Variable Cam Timing. VVT=Variable Valve Timing. CPS=Cam Profile Switching. VVL=Variable Valve Lift. VIS=Variable Intake System.

===Engine Type (All models 2017 only)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|-
| G || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. Ford EcoBoost engine (Mazda L engine-based).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('17), Range Rover Evoque ('17).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('17), Range Rover Td6 ('17), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('17).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('17), Range Rover ('17), Range Rover Sport ('17).
|}

==Engine 2018-==
===Engine Variant (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 7
|-
! VIN !! Power Level/Engine !! Transmission !! Model
|-
|R (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('18), Range Rover Evoque ('18-'19)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|237 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|286 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport ('19), Discovery Sport P290 ('20)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|246 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Discovery Sport P250 ('20-'26), Range Rover Evoque S/SE/1st Edition ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P250 ('21-'26)
|-
|G (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|9-speed auto.
|Range Rover Evoque R-Dynamic S/SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Evoque P300 HST ('22-'23)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|247 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P250 ('19-'26)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P300 (Canada only: '19-'20)
|-
|R (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|E (followed by N)
|180 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbodiesel I4
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar D180 ('19)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar ('18)
|-
|F (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P380 ('19-'20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|335 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P340 ('21-'23, Canada only: '24-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar P400 R-Dynamic HSE ('21-'22), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 HST ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/HSE ('24-'25), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar P400 Dynamic SE/Autobiography/Belgravia Ed. ('26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|550 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20)
|-
|R (followed by V)
|340 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport SE/HSE ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by K)
|254 hp 3.0L &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 turbodiesel V6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('21)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('21)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('22-'24)
|-
|F (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P300 ('25-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Discovery P360 ('22-'26)
|-
|S (followed by V)
|380 hp 3.0L AJ126 supercharged V6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HSE Dynamic ('18-'19), Range Rover HSE ('18-'19)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SE/HSE (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport HST (Mid '19)
|-
|S (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P360 SE/HSE Silver ('21-'22), Range Rover (L405) P360 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 HST ('20-'22), Range Rover P400 HSE ('20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L405) P400 HSE Westminster ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by Y)
|398 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-'22), Range Rover P400e ('20-'21)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport ('18-'19), Range Rover ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('18-'19)
|-
|S (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P525 ('20-'22), Range Rover (L405) P525 ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|575 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport SVR ('20-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|557 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L405) SVAutobiography Dynamic, SVAutobiography LWB ('20-'22)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|355 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P360 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P400 ('23-'26), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P400 SE ('22-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P440e ('23)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|434 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover P440e ('23)
|-
|E (followed by 4)
|454 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P460e ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 4)
|542 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6 + 1 motor &lt;br&gt; Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]]
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P550e ('24-'26), Range Rover P550e ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 7)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW N63 (JLR NC10)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P530 ('23), &lt;br&gt; Range Rover (L460) P530 ('22-'23)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition One ('24),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Sport P635 SV Edition Two ('25), Range Rover Sport P635 SV ('26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|523 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P530 ('24-'26), Range Rover Sport P530 ('25-'26)
|-
|F (followed by 9)
|606 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Range Rover (L460) P615 SV ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P300 ('20)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P400 ('20)
|-
|R (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P300 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('21-'22), Defender 110 P400 ('21-'22)
|-
|R (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('22), Defender 110 P525 ('22)
|-
|E (followed by X)
|296 hp 2.0L Ingenium turbo I4
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P300 ('23-'25, Canada only: '26), Defender 110 P300 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('23) [Pos. 5 is J]
|-
|F (followed by U)
|296 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 130 P300 S ('24-'26) 
|-
|E (followed by U)
|395 hp 3.0L Ingenium &lt;br&gt; turbo &amp; E-supercharged I6
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P400 ('23-'26), Defender 130 P400 ('23-'26)
|-
|F (followed by E)
|493 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P500 ('24-'26), Defender 130 P500 ('24-'26)
|-
|E (followed by E)
|518 hp 5.0L AJ133 supercharged V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 90 P525 ('23-'26), Defender 110 P525 ('23-'26)
|-
|E (followed by 9)
|626 hp 4.4L BMW S68 (JLR NC11)&lt;br&gt; twin-turbo V8
|8-speed auto.
|Defender 110 P635 OCTA ('25-'26)
|}

===Engine Type (All models 2018-)===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Position 8
|-
! VIN !! Size !! Type !! Fuel !! Valvetrain !! Engine Family/Notes/Applications
|-
| E || 5.0L || V8 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ133S engine (LR-V8S).&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover ('18-'22), Range Rover Sport ('18-'22),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover Velar SVAutobiography Dynamic ('20), Defender V8 ('22-'26).
|-
| K || 3.0L || 60° V6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Common-rail Direct injection. Ford-PSA &quot;Lion&quot; AJD-V6 engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Td6 ('18-'20), Range Rover Td6 ('18-'21), Range Rover Sport Td6 ('18-'21).
|-
| N || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Diesel || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Common-rail Direct Injection. Exhaust VVT. JLR Ingenium AJ20D engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover Velar ('18-'19)
|-
| U || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT.  CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery ('21-), Range Rover ('20-), Range Rover Sport (Mid '19-), Range Rover Velar ('21-), Defender ('20-).
|-
| V || 3.0L || 90° V6 [[w:Supercharged|SC]] [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas ||DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||Direct injection. Dual Continuously VCT (VVT). Jaguar AJ126 engine. Land Rover Discovery ('18-'20),&lt;br&gt; Range Rover ('18-'19), Range Rover Sport ('18-Mid '19), Range Rover Velar ('18-'20).
|-
| X || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Discovery Sport ('18-'26), Range Rover Evoque ('18-), Range Rover Velar ('18-), Defender ('20-'26), Discovery ('21-).
|-
| Y || 2.0L || I4 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 16 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL). JLR Ingenium AJ20P4/AJ200P engine + 1 Front motor.&lt;br&gt; 12.4 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P400e ('20-'21), Range Rover Sport P400e ('20-Early '22).
|-
| 4 || 3.0L || I6 Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas-Electric [[w:Plug-in hybrid|PHEV]] || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 24 valve||E-supercharger. Direct Injection. Dual VVT. CVVL (Intake VVL).&lt;br&gt; JLR Ingenium AJ20P6/AJ300P engine + 1 Front motor. 31.8 kWh Lithium-ion Battery Pack.&lt;br&gt; Land Rover Range Rover P440e ('23), P550e ('24-); Range Rover Sport P440e ('23), P460e ('25-), P550e ('24-).
|-
| 7 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW N63B44T3 [N63TU3] engine [JLR NC10-P8H]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('22-'23), Range Rover Sport ('23).
|-
| 9 || 4.4L || V8 Twin Turbo [[w:Intercooler|IC]] || Gas || DOHC,&lt;br /&gt; 32 valve||48v Mild Hybrid. Direct Injection. Dual VVT (Double VANOS). Valvetronic (Intake VVL). BMW S68B44TO [S68B44A] engine [JLR NC11-P8S]. Land Rover Range Rover [L460] ('24-), Range Rover Sport ('24-),&lt;br&gt; Defender Octa ('25-).
|-
|}
CVVL=Continuously Variable Valve Lift.

==Check Digit/Gearbox (Position 9)==
* USA /Canada [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check digit]]

==Model Year Code (Position 10)==
''See: [[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Model year]]''

==Plant Codes (Position 11)==
* A - Solihull, West Midlands, England, UK
* H - Halewood, Merseyside, England, UK
* 2 - Nitra, Slovakia

==External links==
* [http://www.clifton.nl/calvin.html CalVIN, the on-line free Land Rover VIN CALculator]
* [http://www.fourfold.org/LR_FAQ Land Rover FAQ archive]
* [http://www.vindecoderz.com/EN/Land%20Rover Land Rover VIN decoder]


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>cqtigr6ne4y0p1c7x2gl1tm1byyx713</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>155682</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679045</id>
      <parentid>4678803</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T16:14:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kittycataclysm</username>
        <id>3371989</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* New gadget to browse subpages */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4679045</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="32803" sha1="lef7jv1pkcbznork9dmfy4rbccivwfp" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left&lt;!--|limit=2--&gt;}}

Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks.

{{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/%(year)d/%(monthname)s
|algo = old(120d)
|counter = 1
|key = 1f2adc5eee951900b65c7b981b786191
|minthreadstoarchive = 1
|minthreadsleft = 1
}}
{{clear}}
&lt;!--Take threads to archive below this line--&gt;
&lt;!--Add new threads to bottom of page--&gt;

== New gadget to browse subpages ==

Hi all! I developed a gadget to easily browse subpages through a collapsible menu, that I think might be useful in Wikibooks. Here's a little demo video:

[[File:Subpages_gadget_demo.webm|frameless]]

To test it yourself, add the following to [[Special:MyPage/common.js|your common.js]]:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot;&gt;
mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you find it useful, I can enable it as a gadget to make it generally available from the preferences. Thoughts? Cheers! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

:Wikibooks relies heavily on subpages, so this is a nice addition. Merci. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:43, 2 July 2026 (UTC)
:This could be extremely useful for books here!! I'll note, though, that it doesn't work quite right with the vector legacy skin (what I use). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:20, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] I will be the one in charge installing this as a gadget since there is no objection, but what dependecies does this gadget need to use? You might also want to read Kittycataclysm's suggestion above. ''Muchos saludos''. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:08, 9 July 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] Hi! I just fixed the issue with Vector legacy and also for other skins. Regarding dependencies, this gadget requires &lt;code&gt;mediawiki.api&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@wikimedia/codex&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to take care of the installation, please do not copy-paste the source code, but rather load the global version using &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );&lt;/code&gt;, like other [[mw:Global gadgets|global gadgets]]. Thanks! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 14:22, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::: I put the code on the gadgets definition page @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]], but feel free to fix what I placed. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:45, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::::Just checking in here—was this resolved/completed? I see [[MediaWiki:Gadget-Subpages.js]], and I assume everything is now taken care of in terms of WB-wide installation? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:14, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Breadcrumbs in the title ==

Hi! I think breadcrumbs would be more intuitive, compact and cleaner if they were integrated into the title rather than below it, like so:

&lt;gallery&gt;
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (before).png|Current breadcrumbs
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (after).png|Proposed breadcrumbs
&lt;/gallery&gt;

What do you think? [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I appreciate the effort, but I don't see a big difference or that one would be more usable than another. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:14, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I like proposal and I think it would be an improvement. Having the breadcrumbs twice, as in the current system, creates a redundant ui element. I also think the formatting around the forward slashes in the &quot;new&quot; version better conveys that they have specific technical meaning and are not part of the name of the page. --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:52, 7 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? ==
Some of the text was based off of the global CheckUser policy, but in this case, should we approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? There is a special clause allowing stewards to perform checks even during non-emergency situations (as set in [[Wikibooks:Global rights policy]]). I have yet to include a part where users may request CU checks. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 21:55, 13 September 2026 (UTC)

:I'm somewhat just unsure on what the benefit of making this policy would be. Sure, there's strength in policy, of course. But this seems to be doing fine overall as an information page, no? It doesn't differ very much from the global CU policy, so I'm not sure that a page without any Wikibooks-specific information really benefits from policy status. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:22, 14 September 2026 (UTC)
:I would {{support}} this. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:26, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== FlaggedRevs again ==
{{closed|[[phab:T440519]] was done, sending FlaggedRevs down to the void. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:52, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;
Hi all. I already know there were various topics over the years about this subject, but I was considering for the project on whether we should remove this extension from this project, and go back to using MediaWiki's page patrol system.

Currently, there is a backlog of more than 3000 unreviewed edits (some going back as far as a few years ago); that’s why I started this discussion here.

{{collapse top}}
* &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;autopatrolled&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt;, respectively.
* &lt;code&gt;wgUseNPPatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;wgUseFilePatrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-enabled for English Wikibooks.
* &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-assigned back to sysops and their respective user groups.
* &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; would also have &lt;code&gt;rollback&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; and its rate limit untouched.
{{collapse bottom}}

Best, [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:56, 30 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{s}} the removal of FlaggedRevs. Inasmuch as the extension works at all, it works best when it is used selectively on projects like Wikipedia, for individual high-traffic pages with lots of watchers which are subject to vandalism or controversy. Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 15:51, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{s}} I don't see any way that backlog ever gets cleared, frankly, and if it isn't going to be cleared, we might as well go to something easier, which is the normal page patrol system, which works well off of [[Special:NewPages]] already. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:31, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{neutral}} - Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension, and with 3000 unreviewed edits with no progress at all, it does make sense to remove it. On the other hand, there could be a WikiProject to review each of these edits. For this reason, I am voting neutral [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:41, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:: There was the outdated [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] before this project used FlaggedRevs. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:22, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} the removal of FlaggedRevs from Wikibooks. It's a redundant extension that's not useful in this wiki. --[[User:Agusbou2015|Agusbou2015]] ([[User talk:Agusbou2015|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Agusbou2015|contribs]]) 21:53, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Support}}. Several years ago I spent hundreds of hours trying to do the first review of every page. I managed to get all the root pages done but only got as far as &quot;E&quot; for the other pages. While I was doing this I stopped reviewing changes - and in that time over a 1,000 out of date pages were in the list. I concluded it was an impossible task unless lots of people joined in the work but that didn't happen and I doubt it ever will. I do think it has value for Wikijunior in showing the last reviewed page rather than the possibly offensively vandalised latest revision, but other than that it's a waste of time. At some point the extension will get fully deprecated and we'll be forced to stop using it anyway. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 09:53, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:Will &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; be granted automatically? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 13:24, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Unfortunately, no. Since we will stop using FlaggedRevs, the patroller user group will not be granted automatically and thus will have to be manually given out by administrators. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:46, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: And are we planning on giving back the &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; right to existing reviewers? Or will they have to manually reapply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:30, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I have a plan: any former reviewer who has been active recently in the past two years will have patroller rights. This will be done to reduce a huge amount of inactive former reviewers. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:26, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::Keep the name the same; just remove the reviewer right. After all, patrolling is a form of reviewing. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 18:52, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: Do we have to use the term {{tq|reviewing}} instead of {{tq|patrolling}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:57, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Codename Noreste}} Is there a reason that we should not simply give the reviewer group the &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; right, and keep the auto-granting going? [[Wikibooks:Reviewers#Automatic criteria]] does not appear to be FlaggedRevs-specific, so auto-promotion should still be able to continue even without FlaggedRevs, and reviewers could simply become patrollers (in the technical sense). [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:55, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I believe that would require some additional code on InitialiseSettings.php, and as for &lt;code&gt;reviewer&lt;/code&gt;, I'm not sure we should still use that user group term over &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; as per the point {{tq|Special groups on small wikis}} on [[m:Limits to configuration changes]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:58, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
: If you take a look at the extended content, I also included what I also proposed too. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:19, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{comment}}. The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] is not recommended for production use, per Mediawiki. On this basis alone we should discontinue use of it. However, we haven't determined if page patrolling is the best replacement. There are [[mw:Content approval extensions|alternative extensions]] and the mediawiki page for FlaggedRevs specifically recommends [[mw:Extension:Approved Revs|'''Approved Revs extension''']]. We should determine which of page patrolling or these extensions is the most appropriate antivandalism tool first. (after all, according to [[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]], the purpose of FlaggedRevs is to be &quot;our primary counter-vandalism tool&quot;). --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:48, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Approved Revs would require significant testing and approval per [[mw:Writing an extension for deployment]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:35, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts ==
Creating a new book, or adding a chapter to an existing book, is a significant action, and users performing this action should be available to discuss it. Additionally, in practice, most page creations by temp accounts are out of scope, if not outright vandalism. (See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;type=create for some examples.)

As such, I'd like to propose that the wiki require a registered account to create pages in any non-talk namespace. Temporary accounts will still be able to edit existing pages, or to create talk pages to start discussions. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:48, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: From a technical point of view, this would require moving &lt;code&gt;createpage&lt;/code&gt; from unregistered users (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) to registered users (&lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt;), but that would mean every non-registered user may not be able to create pages in every namespace, but talk pages.
: Another solution would be to add [[mw:Extension:ArticleCreationWorkflow]] to this project, but we don't have a system to create drafts (or similar).
: And a final solution would be to create an edit filter disallowing unregistered users from creating pages in mainspace. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:43, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Just to note, please read the first point of [[m:Limits to configuration changes#Changes that are likely to be declined]] (Disable non-autoconfirmed page creation). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:50, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::What I'm proposing is that we require a registered account for page creation, not autoconfirmed. enwiki (as well as a few other wikis) already use this configuration - it's not new. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:58, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: Okay, but I provided some alternatives above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 20:06, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: In that case, I have no objections here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:03, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:I would propose the use of autoconfirmed, to better patrol new pages that are being created. There are countless advertisement pages being created on Wikibooks, usually in the user's userpage. The use of a registered account proposed by Omphalographer therefore may have some limitations. I agree with the proposal to make new pages strictly autoconfirmed. If a user wishes to create a page, there could be a feature for reviewers/patrollers to check such pages that are being created. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:36, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:: You might want to read my point about limits to configuration changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:53, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:Why turn off potential good contributors by telling them they must register AND log-in in order to contribute? The problem at Wikibooks right now is the dearth of contributions, not vandalism, I think (?). 
:* Anons are already precluded from editing pages that have been &quot;protected&quot; by admins. 
:* Anon user contributions are automatically marked for Review before they become public
:* There are less than 500 anon accounts that have contributed more than one edit to Wikibooks? 
:Is it really necessary to stop us from contributing to Wikibooks? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:19, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:: {{ping|~2026-40500-29}} The initial question was not whether registered accounts can contribute, it is whether temporary accounts can create pages. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:48, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Isn't the creation of new pages a subset of potential contributions to Wikibooks? Are you saying that some members in good standing of this community are only allowed to correct obvious spelling and grammar mistakes by others? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:23, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
::::That message was to {{comment}} that this discussion was about creating pages, not about whether anonymous users can contribute. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 07:22, 13 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]], is your response considered an objection? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:55, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:Limiting page creation to registered users might reduce new spam/promotional/out of scope pages. I disagree with 2026-405000-29 that requiring account registration is unnecessarily burdensome for new editors. 
:I don't know where the number &lt;500 anon accounts have contributed more than one edit comes from and it seems unlikely to me: that would mean there have only been 23 anon editors per year since wikibooks was founded. Looking at Special:RecentChanges there seems to be four or five anon editors a day. 
:Overall I think it is a reasonable restriction. I can't speak to the technical aspects of this change (re configuration changes, vs. autoconfirmed patrolling, etc) but if it is easy to implement I support it. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 10:13, 12 October 2026 (UTC)

== Add inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders? ==
I am proposing that we include inactivity policies for both patrollers and uploaders, which include no edits or logged actions for two years.

I previously proposed this for [now former] reviewers, but someone probably objected. Now, if their rights are removed for inactivity, they can request them back at [[WB:RFP]] (without prejudice), unless the rights were removed for cause (such as a vote of confidence).

Edit: Someone also proposed inactivity policies for importers (and possibly import uploaders too), which are sensitive permissions. I initially forgot to include that permission when creating this proposal, but now I am also proposing for importer permissions to have an inactivity policy.

Which procedure should we choose if we agree on the inactivity policy proposals? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:18, 18 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{Oppose}} - There is no need for inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders, since there is no harm in keeping patrollers and uploaders in the current roles. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:09, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I have to disagree here. Some larger projects have their own inactivity policies for patrollers, such as [[m:Meta:Patrollers#Removal of access]] on Meta-Wiki and [[w:en:WP:NPPREVOKE]] (new page reviewers on English Wikipedia, a similar permission). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:34, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: CC to @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]], who was previously TechVindicator. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: I will say that it seems odd to propose these policies for patrollers and uploaders without proposing an equivalent for [[WB:importers|importers]], when that's arguably a far more sensitive role. I do at least support an inactivity policy for importers, and am as yet neutral vis-à-vis patrollers and uploaders. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:05, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] I've edited my proposal to also include both importers and import uploaders. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approving [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] as a policy ==
I created this draft policy two years ago, and would like to see whether the community is willing to approve it now. I have substituted it in its current form (00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)) below:
{{hidden archive top|Policy text}}

Sometimes, there will be a book that has a lot of information that was very useful at the time, but has become out of date over time. There are generally two procedures that can be followed here.

;For books that aren't up to date, but can be reasonably updated
This category applies to books that, for instance, have not been updated with new information in a few years, but where the subject still exists and new information can be found about it. In this scenario, you should add the {{tlx|Outdated}} tag to the top of the book, and post on its discussion page explaining what should be updated. Or, you can always just [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]] and update it yourself!

;For books that cannot be reasonably updated
This category includes books that are so outdated that their subject either no longer exists, or has changed so much since the book was written that it is virtually unrecognizable, and it would be nearly impossible to update it satisfactorily. These books should generally not be deleted, as they do provide valuable information, but should not be easily accessible to readers looking for recent information. Here, the following instructions should be followed.

If the case is unambiguous:
# Add {{tlx|Archived}} to the top of the book. Doing this will also remove it from search engine indexes, unless you override this by using {{tlx|Archived|2=noindex=false}}.
# Move the book to a subpage of [[Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive]].
# Replace the content of the redirect left behind after the move with {{tlx|Soft redirect|2=Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive/&lt;book title&gt;}}.
# (''optional'') Inform the author(s) of the book of your decision.

If the case is ambiguous:

Follow these steps if there is any reasonable doubt about if the book can be updated.
# Follow the instructions at {{Section link|Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Deletion}} to file a request. Make sure to note that the request is for archiving, not deletion.
# The proposal for archiving will be discussed.
# If consensus has been reached to archive the book, any uninvolved user may close the discussion and follow the instructions in {{Section link|#If the case is unambiguous}}. Otherwise, the book will remain as is.
{{hidden archive bottom}} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: I have a question, is there any difference if we approve this as a guideline (common sense) compared to as a policy? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:24, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: That would also be fine; I'm not exactly sure if the delineation between guidelines and policies on Wikibooks is as clearly defined as on Wikipedia. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:27, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: I would suggest approving this as a guideline should an experienced, yet uninvolved editor may use their judgment and common sense when dealing with outdated books. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:29, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} for approval as a guideline, as I said and mentioned above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:45, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
I am proposing that we create a magazine quarterly, or bimonthly detailing latest news on Wikibooks (and maybe ''some'' current affairs, considering the shutdown of Wikinews, though this is unlikely).
&lt;br&gt;
If it were to be approved, it would be inspired by the WikiKids magazine in Dutch [https://wikikids.nl/Wikikids:Magazine/11 link], though with a Wikibooks feel. A user could propose something for the next Wikibooks Magazine on the talk page of [[Wikibooks:Magazine]], including ideas for the next Wikibooks magazine. It would be promoted on the front page (and maybe) on the MediaWiki Sitenotice, providing information about the next edition. On Wikikids, the project has been going on since 2024, and since then there have been 11 editions. What do you think?
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:20, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|Codename Noreste}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:36, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|JJPMaster}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 23:04, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:I '''weak support''' a '''quarterly''' publication. There isn't a ton of activity here compared to many other &lt;abbr&gt;WMF&lt;/abbr&gt; wikis, so there won't be quite as much to report as there is at (e.g.) [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST]] or [[:wikt:en:WIktionary:The Headword]] but that said, having a publication could encourage engagement by showing what hard work others are doing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:36, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
: Because of the low activity, should the releases be biannual (every six months)? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
::I would support a quarterly publication, given the fact that Wikibooks does not have enough traffic (in my opinion) to justify a bimonthly publication, but, at the same time, the idea of a biannual publication seems relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the magazine would follow the quarterly format used on WikiKids. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: We can do that with [[Wikibooks:Magazine]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:00, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::I will create a page about what the Wikibooks Magazine on the page provided, and the editions that will follow. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:32, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Discussion on whether to create an extended mover user group ==
Currently, patrollers (formerly reviewers) have the &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; user right as well as a rate limit per InitialiseSettings.php. However, I am consulting with the community if we:
# Remove &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; from patrollers
# Add &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; as well as include &lt;code&gt;delete-redirect&lt;/code&gt; (for deleting redirects with a single revision) and &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (to move all subpages of a book in a single action)
# Also include &lt;code&gt;noratelimit&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; instead of using a custom rate limit (optional), or increase the limit to 500
This is because, per the principle of least privilege, patrollers should be responsible for marking new pages as patrolled and reverting vandalism/spam, while extended movers are trustworthy users (usually non-admins) responsible for moving books, et al.

This is ''not'' a proposal to implement the extended mover user group, but rather a community consultation. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:48, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Relevant prior discussion can be found [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2020/December#Suppress redirect feature|here]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 20:21, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: Also, if this passes, we should create some guidelines for granting. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:48, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Enabling wgUseRCPatrol ==
Some of our sister projects have &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;wgUseRCPatrol&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; enabled, but on the other hand, we do not. I think we should enable this so that we can also focus on reviewing edits in the recent changes, not just new pages. [[Wikibooks:Patrolling]] can also include information about this once we enable it here. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:39, 27 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>lef7jv1pkcbznork9dmfy4rbccivwfp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679052</id>
      <parentid>4679045</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T17:09:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Codename Noreste</username>
        <id>3441010</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* New gadget to browse subpages */ reply to Kittycataclysm ([[mw:c:Special:MyLanguage/User:JWBTH/CD|CD]])</comment>
      <origin>4679052</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="33011" sha1="23vlt5mo7aujm4obd4pg5yjycwe6ey1" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left&lt;!--|limit=2--&gt;}}

Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks.

{{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/%(year)d/%(monthname)s
|algo = old(120d)
|counter = 1
|key = 1f2adc5eee951900b65c7b981b786191
|minthreadstoarchive = 1
|minthreadsleft = 1
}}
{{clear}}
&lt;!--Take threads to archive below this line--&gt;
&lt;!--Add new threads to bottom of page--&gt;

== New gadget to browse subpages ==

Hi all! I developed a gadget to easily browse subpages through a collapsible menu, that I think might be useful in Wikibooks. Here's a little demo video:

[[File:Subpages_gadget_demo.webm|frameless]]

To test it yourself, add the following to [[Special:MyPage/common.js|your common.js]]:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot;&gt;
mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you find it useful, I can enable it as a gadget to make it generally available from the preferences. Thoughts? Cheers! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

:Wikibooks relies heavily on subpages, so this is a nice addition. Merci. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:43, 2 July 2026 (UTC)
:This could be extremely useful for books here!! I'll note, though, that it doesn't work quite right with the vector legacy skin (what I use). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:20, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] I will be the one in charge installing this as a gadget since there is no objection, but what dependecies does this gadget need to use? You might also want to read Kittycataclysm's suggestion above. ''Muchos saludos''. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:08, 9 July 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] Hi! I just fixed the issue with Vector legacy and also for other skins. Regarding dependencies, this gadget requires &lt;code&gt;mediawiki.api&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@wikimedia/codex&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to take care of the installation, please do not copy-paste the source code, but rather load the global version using &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );&lt;/code&gt;, like other [[mw:Global gadgets|global gadgets]]. Thanks! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 14:22, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::: I put the code on the gadgets definition page @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]], but feel free to fix what I placed. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:45, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::::Just checking in here—was this resolved/completed? I see [[MediaWiki:Gadget-Subpages.js]], and I assume everything is now taken care of in terms of WB-wide installation? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:14, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: This was already resolved, feel free to close this. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:09, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Breadcrumbs in the title ==

Hi! I think breadcrumbs would be more intuitive, compact and cleaner if they were integrated into the title rather than below it, like so:

&lt;gallery&gt;
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (before).png|Current breadcrumbs
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (after).png|Proposed breadcrumbs
&lt;/gallery&gt;

What do you think? [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I appreciate the effort, but I don't see a big difference or that one would be more usable than another. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:14, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I like proposal and I think it would be an improvement. Having the breadcrumbs twice, as in the current system, creates a redundant ui element. I also think the formatting around the forward slashes in the &quot;new&quot; version better conveys that they have specific technical meaning and are not part of the name of the page. --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:52, 7 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? ==
Some of the text was based off of the global CheckUser policy, but in this case, should we approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? There is a special clause allowing stewards to perform checks even during non-emergency situations (as set in [[Wikibooks:Global rights policy]]). I have yet to include a part where users may request CU checks. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 21:55, 13 September 2026 (UTC)

:I'm somewhat just unsure on what the benefit of making this policy would be. Sure, there's strength in policy, of course. But this seems to be doing fine overall as an information page, no? It doesn't differ very much from the global CU policy, so I'm not sure that a page without any Wikibooks-specific information really benefits from policy status. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:22, 14 September 2026 (UTC)
:I would {{support}} this. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:26, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== FlaggedRevs again ==
{{closed|[[phab:T440519]] was done, sending FlaggedRevs down to the void. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:52, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;
Hi all. I already know there were various topics over the years about this subject, but I was considering for the project on whether we should remove this extension from this project, and go back to using MediaWiki's page patrol system.

Currently, there is a backlog of more than 3000 unreviewed edits (some going back as far as a few years ago); that’s why I started this discussion here.

{{collapse top}}
* &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;autopatrolled&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt;, respectively.
* &lt;code&gt;wgUseNPPatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;wgUseFilePatrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-enabled for English Wikibooks.
* &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-assigned back to sysops and their respective user groups.
* &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; would also have &lt;code&gt;rollback&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; and its rate limit untouched.
{{collapse bottom}}

Best, [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:56, 30 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{s}} the removal of FlaggedRevs. Inasmuch as the extension works at all, it works best when it is used selectively on projects like Wikipedia, for individual high-traffic pages with lots of watchers which are subject to vandalism or controversy. Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 15:51, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{s}} I don't see any way that backlog ever gets cleared, frankly, and if it isn't going to be cleared, we might as well go to something easier, which is the normal page patrol system, which works well off of [[Special:NewPages]] already. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:31, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{neutral}} - Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension, and with 3000 unreviewed edits with no progress at all, it does make sense to remove it. On the other hand, there could be a WikiProject to review each of these edits. For this reason, I am voting neutral [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:41, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:: There was the outdated [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] before this project used FlaggedRevs. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:22, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} the removal of FlaggedRevs from Wikibooks. It's a redundant extension that's not useful in this wiki. --[[User:Agusbou2015|Agusbou2015]] ([[User talk:Agusbou2015|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Agusbou2015|contribs]]) 21:53, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Support}}. Several years ago I spent hundreds of hours trying to do the first review of every page. I managed to get all the root pages done but only got as far as &quot;E&quot; for the other pages. While I was doing this I stopped reviewing changes - and in that time over a 1,000 out of date pages were in the list. I concluded it was an impossible task unless lots of people joined in the work but that didn't happen and I doubt it ever will. I do think it has value for Wikijunior in showing the last reviewed page rather than the possibly offensively vandalised latest revision, but other than that it's a waste of time. At some point the extension will get fully deprecated and we'll be forced to stop using it anyway. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 09:53, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:Will &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; be granted automatically? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 13:24, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Unfortunately, no. Since we will stop using FlaggedRevs, the patroller user group will not be granted automatically and thus will have to be manually given out by administrators. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:46, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: And are we planning on giving back the &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; right to existing reviewers? Or will they have to manually reapply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:30, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I have a plan: any former reviewer who has been active recently in the past two years will have patroller rights. This will be done to reduce a huge amount of inactive former reviewers. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:26, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::Keep the name the same; just remove the reviewer right. After all, patrolling is a form of reviewing. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 18:52, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: Do we have to use the term {{tq|reviewing}} instead of {{tq|patrolling}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:57, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Codename Noreste}} Is there a reason that we should not simply give the reviewer group the &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; right, and keep the auto-granting going? [[Wikibooks:Reviewers#Automatic criteria]] does not appear to be FlaggedRevs-specific, so auto-promotion should still be able to continue even without FlaggedRevs, and reviewers could simply become patrollers (in the technical sense). [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:55, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I believe that would require some additional code on InitialiseSettings.php, and as for &lt;code&gt;reviewer&lt;/code&gt;, I'm not sure we should still use that user group term over &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; as per the point {{tq|Special groups on small wikis}} on [[m:Limits to configuration changes]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:58, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
: If you take a look at the extended content, I also included what I also proposed too. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:19, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{comment}}. The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] is not recommended for production use, per Mediawiki. On this basis alone we should discontinue use of it. However, we haven't determined if page patrolling is the best replacement. There are [[mw:Content approval extensions|alternative extensions]] and the mediawiki page for FlaggedRevs specifically recommends [[mw:Extension:Approved Revs|'''Approved Revs extension''']]. We should determine which of page patrolling or these extensions is the most appropriate antivandalism tool first. (after all, according to [[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]], the purpose of FlaggedRevs is to be &quot;our primary counter-vandalism tool&quot;). --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:48, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Approved Revs would require significant testing and approval per [[mw:Writing an extension for deployment]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:35, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts ==
Creating a new book, or adding a chapter to an existing book, is a significant action, and users performing this action should be available to discuss it. Additionally, in practice, most page creations by temp accounts are out of scope, if not outright vandalism. (See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;type=create for some examples.)

As such, I'd like to propose that the wiki require a registered account to create pages in any non-talk namespace. Temporary accounts will still be able to edit existing pages, or to create talk pages to start discussions. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:48, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: From a technical point of view, this would require moving &lt;code&gt;createpage&lt;/code&gt; from unregistered users (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) to registered users (&lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt;), but that would mean every non-registered user may not be able to create pages in every namespace, but talk pages.
: Another solution would be to add [[mw:Extension:ArticleCreationWorkflow]] to this project, but we don't have a system to create drafts (or similar).
: And a final solution would be to create an edit filter disallowing unregistered users from creating pages in mainspace. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:43, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Just to note, please read the first point of [[m:Limits to configuration changes#Changes that are likely to be declined]] (Disable non-autoconfirmed page creation). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:50, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::What I'm proposing is that we require a registered account for page creation, not autoconfirmed. enwiki (as well as a few other wikis) already use this configuration - it's not new. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:58, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: Okay, but I provided some alternatives above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 20:06, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: In that case, I have no objections here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:03, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:I would propose the use of autoconfirmed, to better patrol new pages that are being created. There are countless advertisement pages being created on Wikibooks, usually in the user's userpage. The use of a registered account proposed by Omphalographer therefore may have some limitations. I agree with the proposal to make new pages strictly autoconfirmed. If a user wishes to create a page, there could be a feature for reviewers/patrollers to check such pages that are being created. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:36, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:: You might want to read my point about limits to configuration changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:53, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:Why turn off potential good contributors by telling them they must register AND log-in in order to contribute? The problem at Wikibooks right now is the dearth of contributions, not vandalism, I think (?). 
:* Anons are already precluded from editing pages that have been &quot;protected&quot; by admins. 
:* Anon user contributions are automatically marked for Review before they become public
:* There are less than 500 anon accounts that have contributed more than one edit to Wikibooks? 
:Is it really necessary to stop us from contributing to Wikibooks? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:19, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:: {{ping|~2026-40500-29}} The initial question was not whether registered accounts can contribute, it is whether temporary accounts can create pages. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:48, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Isn't the creation of new pages a subset of potential contributions to Wikibooks? Are you saying that some members in good standing of this community are only allowed to correct obvious spelling and grammar mistakes by others? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:23, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
::::That message was to {{comment}} that this discussion was about creating pages, not about whether anonymous users can contribute. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 07:22, 13 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]], is your response considered an objection? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:55, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:Limiting page creation to registered users might reduce new spam/promotional/out of scope pages. I disagree with 2026-405000-29 that requiring account registration is unnecessarily burdensome for new editors. 
:I don't know where the number &lt;500 anon accounts have contributed more than one edit comes from and it seems unlikely to me: that would mean there have only been 23 anon editors per year since wikibooks was founded. Looking at Special:RecentChanges there seems to be four or five anon editors a day. 
:Overall I think it is a reasonable restriction. I can't speak to the technical aspects of this change (re configuration changes, vs. autoconfirmed patrolling, etc) but if it is easy to implement I support it. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 10:13, 12 October 2026 (UTC)

== Add inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders? ==
I am proposing that we include inactivity policies for both patrollers and uploaders, which include no edits or logged actions for two years.

I previously proposed this for [now former] reviewers, but someone probably objected. Now, if their rights are removed for inactivity, they can request them back at [[WB:RFP]] (without prejudice), unless the rights were removed for cause (such as a vote of confidence).

Edit: Someone also proposed inactivity policies for importers (and possibly import uploaders too), which are sensitive permissions. I initially forgot to include that permission when creating this proposal, but now I am also proposing for importer permissions to have an inactivity policy.

Which procedure should we choose if we agree on the inactivity policy proposals? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:18, 18 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{Oppose}} - There is no need for inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders, since there is no harm in keeping patrollers and uploaders in the current roles. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:09, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I have to disagree here. Some larger projects have their own inactivity policies for patrollers, such as [[m:Meta:Patrollers#Removal of access]] on Meta-Wiki and [[w:en:WP:NPPREVOKE]] (new page reviewers on English Wikipedia, a similar permission). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:34, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: CC to @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]], who was previously TechVindicator. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: I will say that it seems odd to propose these policies for patrollers and uploaders without proposing an equivalent for [[WB:importers|importers]], when that's arguably a far more sensitive role. I do at least support an inactivity policy for importers, and am as yet neutral vis-à-vis patrollers and uploaders. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:05, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] I've edited my proposal to also include both importers and import uploaders. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approving [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] as a policy ==
I created this draft policy two years ago, and would like to see whether the community is willing to approve it now. I have substituted it in its current form (00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)) below:
{{hidden archive top|Policy text}}

Sometimes, there will be a book that has a lot of information that was very useful at the time, but has become out of date over time. There are generally two procedures that can be followed here.

;For books that aren't up to date, but can be reasonably updated
This category applies to books that, for instance, have not been updated with new information in a few years, but where the subject still exists and new information can be found about it. In this scenario, you should add the {{tlx|Outdated}} tag to the top of the book, and post on its discussion page explaining what should be updated. Or, you can always just [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]] and update it yourself!

;For books that cannot be reasonably updated
This category includes books that are so outdated that their subject either no longer exists, or has changed so much since the book was written that it is virtually unrecognizable, and it would be nearly impossible to update it satisfactorily. These books should generally not be deleted, as they do provide valuable information, but should not be easily accessible to readers looking for recent information. Here, the following instructions should be followed.

If the case is unambiguous:
# Add {{tlx|Archived}} to the top of the book. Doing this will also remove it from search engine indexes, unless you override this by using {{tlx|Archived|2=noindex=false}}.
# Move the book to a subpage of [[Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive]].
# Replace the content of the redirect left behind after the move with {{tlx|Soft redirect|2=Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive/&lt;book title&gt;}}.
# (''optional'') Inform the author(s) of the book of your decision.

If the case is ambiguous:

Follow these steps if there is any reasonable doubt about if the book can be updated.
# Follow the instructions at {{Section link|Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Deletion}} to file a request. Make sure to note that the request is for archiving, not deletion.
# The proposal for archiving will be discussed.
# If consensus has been reached to archive the book, any uninvolved user may close the discussion and follow the instructions in {{Section link|#If the case is unambiguous}}. Otherwise, the book will remain as is.
{{hidden archive bottom}} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: I have a question, is there any difference if we approve this as a guideline (common sense) compared to as a policy? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:24, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: That would also be fine; I'm not exactly sure if the delineation between guidelines and policies on Wikibooks is as clearly defined as on Wikipedia. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:27, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: I would suggest approving this as a guideline should an experienced, yet uninvolved editor may use their judgment and common sense when dealing with outdated books. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:29, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} for approval as a guideline, as I said and mentioned above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:45, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
I am proposing that we create a magazine quarterly, or bimonthly detailing latest news on Wikibooks (and maybe ''some'' current affairs, considering the shutdown of Wikinews, though this is unlikely).
&lt;br&gt;
If it were to be approved, it would be inspired by the WikiKids magazine in Dutch [https://wikikids.nl/Wikikids:Magazine/11 link], though with a Wikibooks feel. A user could propose something for the next Wikibooks Magazine on the talk page of [[Wikibooks:Magazine]], including ideas for the next Wikibooks magazine. It would be promoted on the front page (and maybe) on the MediaWiki Sitenotice, providing information about the next edition. On Wikikids, the project has been going on since 2024, and since then there have been 11 editions. What do you think?
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:20, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|Codename Noreste}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:36, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|JJPMaster}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 23:04, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:I '''weak support''' a '''quarterly''' publication. There isn't a ton of activity here compared to many other &lt;abbr&gt;WMF&lt;/abbr&gt; wikis, so there won't be quite as much to report as there is at (e.g.) [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST]] or [[:wikt:en:WIktionary:The Headword]] but that said, having a publication could encourage engagement by showing what hard work others are doing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:36, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
: Because of the low activity, should the releases be biannual (every six months)? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
::I would support a quarterly publication, given the fact that Wikibooks does not have enough traffic (in my opinion) to justify a bimonthly publication, but, at the same time, the idea of a biannual publication seems relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the magazine would follow the quarterly format used on WikiKids. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: We can do that with [[Wikibooks:Magazine]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:00, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::I will create a page about what the Wikibooks Magazine on the page provided, and the editions that will follow. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:32, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Discussion on whether to create an extended mover user group ==
Currently, patrollers (formerly reviewers) have the &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; user right as well as a rate limit per InitialiseSettings.php. However, I am consulting with the community if we:
# Remove &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; from patrollers
# Add &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; as well as include &lt;code&gt;delete-redirect&lt;/code&gt; (for deleting redirects with a single revision) and &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (to move all subpages of a book in a single action)
# Also include &lt;code&gt;noratelimit&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; instead of using a custom rate limit (optional), or increase the limit to 500
This is because, per the principle of least privilege, patrollers should be responsible for marking new pages as patrolled and reverting vandalism/spam, while extended movers are trustworthy users (usually non-admins) responsible for moving books, et al.

This is ''not'' a proposal to implement the extended mover user group, but rather a community consultation. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:48, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Relevant prior discussion can be found [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2020/December#Suppress redirect feature|here]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 20:21, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: Also, if this passes, we should create some guidelines for granting. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:48, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Enabling wgUseRCPatrol ==
Some of our sister projects have &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;wgUseRCPatrol&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; enabled, but on the other hand, we do not. I think we should enable this so that we can also focus on reviewing edits in the recent changes, not just new pages. [[Wikibooks:Patrolling]] can also include information about this once we enable it here. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:39, 27 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>23vlt5mo7aujm4obd4pg5yjycwe6ey1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679096</id>
      <parentid>4679052</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T22:47:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Luhesa Kahuma</username>
        <id>3629858</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4679096</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="33345" sha1="9a0mv52c236vzkstgw2onw8ubx49nhg" xml:space="preserve">__NEWSECTIONLINK__ {{Discussion Rooms}} {{Shortcut|WB:RFC|WB:PROPOSALS}} {{TOC left&lt;!--|limit=2--&gt;}}

Welcome to the '''Proposals reading room'''. On this page, Wikibookians are free to talk about suggestions for improving Wikibooks.

{{User:MiszaBot/config
|archive = Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/%(year)d/%(monthname)s
|algo = old(120d)
|counter = 1
|key = 1f2adc5eee951900b65c7b981b786191
|minthreadstoarchive = 1
|minthreadsleft = 1
}}
{{clear}}
&lt;!--Take threads to archive below this line--&gt;
&lt;!--Add new threads to bottom of page--&gt;

== New gadget to browse subpages ==

Hi all! I developed a gadget to easily browse subpages through a collapsible menu, that I think might be useful in Wikibooks. Here's a little demo video:

[[File:Subpages_gadget_demo.webm|frameless]]

To test it yourself, add the following to [[Special:MyPage/common.js|your common.js]]:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot;&gt;
mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

If you find it useful, I can enable it as a gadget to make it generally available from the preferences. Thoughts? Cheers! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 2 July 2026 (UTC)

:Wikibooks relies heavily on subpages, so this is a nice addition. Merci. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:43, 2 July 2026 (UTC)
:This could be extremely useful for books here!! I'll note, though, that it doesn't work quite right with the vector legacy skin (what I use). —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 01:20, 3 July 2026 (UTC)
: @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] I will be the one in charge installing this as a gadget since there is no objection, but what dependecies does this gadget need to use? You might also want to read Kittycataclysm's suggestion above. ''Muchos saludos''. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 23:08, 9 July 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]] Hi! I just fixed the issue with Vector legacy and also for other skins. Regarding dependencies, this gadget requires &lt;code&gt;mediawiki.api&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;@wikimedia/codex&lt;/code&gt;. If you want to take care of the installation, please do not copy-paste the source code, but rather load the global version using &lt;code&gt;mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );&lt;/code&gt;, like other [[mw:Global gadgets|global gadgets]]. Thanks! [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 14:22, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::: I put the code on the gadgets definition page @[[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]], but feel free to fix what I placed. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 21:45, 22 July 2026 (UTC)
::::Just checking in here—was this resolved/completed? I see [[MediaWiki:Gadget-Subpages.js]], and I assume everything is now taken care of in terms of WB-wide installation? —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 16:14, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: This was already resolved, feel free to close this. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:09, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Breadcrumbs in the title ==

Hi! I think breadcrumbs would be more intuitive, compact and cleaner if they were integrated into the title rather than below it, like so:

&lt;gallery&gt;
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (before).png|Current breadcrumbs
Wikisource breadcrumbs proposal (after).png|Proposed breadcrumbs
&lt;/gallery&gt;

What do you think? [[User:Sophivorus|Sophivorus]] ([[User talk:Sophivorus|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Sophivorus|contribs]]) 16:02, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I appreciate the effort, but I don't see a big difference or that one would be more usable than another. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:14, 17 August 2026 (UTC)

:I like proposal and I think it would be an improvement. Having the breadcrumbs twice, as in the current system, creates a redundant ui element. I also think the formatting around the forward slashes in the &quot;new&quot; version better conveys that they have specific technical meaning and are not part of the name of the page. --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:52, 7 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? ==
Some of the text was based off of the global CheckUser policy, but in this case, should we approve [[Wikibooks:CheckUser]] as a local policy? There is a special clause allowing stewards to perform checks even during non-emergency situations (as set in [[Wikibooks:Global rights policy]]). I have yet to include a part where users may request CU checks. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 21:55, 13 September 2026 (UTC)

:I'm somewhat just unsure on what the benefit of making this policy would be. Sure, there's strength in policy, of course. But this seems to be doing fine overall as an information page, no? It doesn't differ very much from the global CU policy, so I'm not sure that a page without any Wikibooks-specific information really benefits from policy status. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:22, 14 September 2026 (UTC)
:I would {{support}} this. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:26, 20 September 2026 (UTC)

== FlaggedRevs again ==
{{closed|[[phab:T440519]] was done, sending FlaggedRevs down to the void. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:52, 27 October 2026 (UTC)}}
&lt;div class=&quot;cd-moveMark&quot;&gt;''Moved from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#FlaggedRevs again]].  [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 1 October 2026 (UTC)''&lt;/div&gt;
Hi all. I already know there were various topics over the years about this subject, but I was considering for the project on whether we should remove this extension from this project, and go back to using MediaWiki's page patrol system.

Currently, there is a backlog of more than 3000 unreviewed edits (some going back as far as a few years ago); that’s why I started this discussion here.

{{collapse top}}
* &lt;code&gt;autoreview&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;editor&lt;/code&gt; would be &lt;code&gt;autopatrolled&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt;, respectively.
* &lt;code&gt;wgUseNPPatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;wgUseFilePatrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-enabled for English Wikibooks.
* &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; would be re-assigned back to sysops and their respective user groups.
* &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; would also have &lt;code&gt;rollback&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; and its rate limit untouched.
{{collapse bottom}}

Best, [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:56, 30 September 2026 (UTC)

:{{s}} the removal of FlaggedRevs. Inasmuch as the extension works at all, it works best when it is used selectively on projects like Wikipedia, for individual high-traffic pages with lots of watchers which are subject to vandalism or controversy. Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 15:51, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{s}} I don't see any way that backlog ever gets cleared, frankly, and if it isn't going to be cleared, we might as well go to something easier, which is the normal page patrol system, which works well off of [[Special:NewPages]] already. [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 00:31, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{neutral}} - Wikibooks is not a good use case for this extension, and with 3000 unreviewed edits with no progress at all, it does make sense to remove it. On the other hand, there could be a WikiProject to review each of these edits. For this reason, I am voting neutral [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:41, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:: There was the outdated [[Wikibooks:New page patrol]] before this project used FlaggedRevs. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:22, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{support}} the removal of FlaggedRevs from Wikibooks. It's a redundant extension that's not useful in this wiki. --[[User:Agusbou2015|Agusbou2015]] ([[User talk:Agusbou2015|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Agusbou2015|contribs]]) 21:53, 3 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Support}}. Several years ago I spent hundreds of hours trying to do the first review of every page. I managed to get all the root pages done but only got as far as &quot;E&quot; for the other pages. While I was doing this I stopped reviewing changes - and in that time over a 1,000 out of date pages were in the list. I concluded it was an impossible task unless lots of people joined in the work but that didn't happen and I doubt it ever will. I do think it has value for Wikijunior in showing the last reviewed page rather than the possibly offensively vandalised latest revision, but other than that it's a waste of time. At some point the extension will get fully deprecated and we'll be forced to stop using it anyway. [[User:MarcGarver|MarcGarver]] ([[User talk:MarcGarver|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MarcGarver|contribs]]) 09:53, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:Will &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; be granted automatically? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 13:24, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Unfortunately, no. Since we will stop using FlaggedRevs, the patroller user group will not be granted automatically and thus will have to be manually given out by administrators. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:46, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: And are we planning on giving back the &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; right to existing reviewers? Or will they have to manually reapply? [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:30, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I have a plan: any former reviewer who has been active recently in the past two years will have patroller rights. This will be done to reduce a huge amount of inactive former reviewers. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 12:26, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::Keep the name the same; just remove the reviewer right. After all, patrolling is a form of reviewing. [[User:Leaderboard|Leaderboard]] ([[User talk:Leaderboard|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Leaderboard|contribs]]) 18:52, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
::::: Do we have to use the term {{tq|reviewing}} instead of {{tq|patrolling}}? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:57, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
:::{{ping|Codename Noreste}} Is there a reason that we should not simply give the reviewer group the &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; right, and keep the auto-granting going? [[Wikibooks:Reviewers#Automatic criteria]] does not appear to be FlaggedRevs-specific, so auto-promotion should still be able to continue even without FlaggedRevs, and reviewers could simply become patrollers (in the technical sense). [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:55, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: I believe that would require some additional code on InitialiseSettings.php, and as for &lt;code&gt;reviewer&lt;/code&gt;, I'm not sure we should still use that user group term over &lt;code&gt;patroller&lt;/code&gt; as per the point {{tq|Special groups on small wikis}} on [[m:Limits to configuration changes]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:58, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
: If you take a look at the extended content, I also included what I also proposed too. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:19, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{comment}}. The [[mw:Extension:FlaggedRevs|FlaggedRevs extension]] is not recommended for production use, per Mediawiki. On this basis alone we should discontinue use of it. However, we haven't determined if page patrolling is the best replacement. There are [[mw:Content approval extensions|alternative extensions]] and the mediawiki page for FlaggedRevs specifically recommends [[mw:Extension:Approved Revs|'''Approved Revs extension''']]. We should determine which of page patrolling or these extensions is the most appropriate antivandalism tool first. (after all, according to [[Help:Tracking_changes#Reviewing_pages]], the purpose of FlaggedRevs is to be &quot;our primary counter-vandalism tool&quot;). --[[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 14:48, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Approved Revs would require significant testing and approval per [[mw:Writing an extension for deployment]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 16:35, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
{{end closed}}

== Disable (some) page creation by temporary accounts ==
Creating a new book, or adding a chapter to an existing book, is a significant action, and users performing this action should be available to discuss it. Additionally, in practice, most page creations by temp accounts are out of scope, if not outright vandalism. (See https://en.wikibooks.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&amp;type=create for some examples.)

As such, I'd like to propose that the wiki require a registered account to create pages in any non-talk namespace. Temporary accounts will still be able to edit existing pages, or to create talk pages to start discussions. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 18:48, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: From a technical point of view, this would require moving &lt;code&gt;createpage&lt;/code&gt; from unregistered users (&lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt;) to registered users (&lt;code&gt;user&lt;/code&gt;), but that would mean every non-registered user may not be able to create pages in every namespace, but talk pages.
: Another solution would be to add [[mw:Extension:ArticleCreationWorkflow]] to this project, but we don't have a system to create drafts (or similar).
: And a final solution would be to create an edit filter disallowing unregistered users from creating pages in mainspace. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:43, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:: Just to note, please read the first point of [[m:Limits to configuration changes#Changes that are likely to be declined]] (Disable non-autoconfirmed page creation). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:50, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::What I'm proposing is that we require a registered account for page creation, not autoconfirmed. enwiki (as well as a few other wikis) already use this configuration - it's not new. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 19:58, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
:::: Okay, but I provided some alternatives above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 20:06, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: In that case, I have no objections here. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:03, 6 October 2026 (UTC)
:I would propose the use of autoconfirmed, to better patrol new pages that are being created. There are countless advertisement pages being created on Wikibooks, usually in the user's userpage. The use of a registered account proposed by Omphalographer therefore may have some limitations. I agree with the proposal to make new pages strictly autoconfirmed. If a user wishes to create a page, there could be a feature for reviewers/patrollers to check such pages that are being created. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 13:36, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:: You might want to read my point about limits to configuration changes. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:53, 9 October 2026 (UTC)
:Why turn off potential good contributors by telling them they must register AND log-in in order to contribute? The problem at Wikibooks right now is the dearth of contributions, not vandalism, I think (?). 
:* Anons are already precluded from editing pages that have been &quot;protected&quot; by admins. 
:* Anon user contributions are automatically marked for Review before they become public
:* There are less than 500 anon accounts that have contributed more than one edit to Wikibooks? 
:Is it really necessary to stop us from contributing to Wikibooks? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 00:19, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:: {{ping|~2026-40500-29}} The initial question was not whether registered accounts can contribute, it is whether temporary accounts can create pages. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:48, 10 October 2026 (UTC)
:::Isn't the creation of new pages a subset of potential contributions to Wikibooks? Are you saying that some members in good standing of this community are only allowed to correct obvious spelling and grammar mistakes by others? [[Special:Contributions/~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]] ([[User talk:~2026-40500-29|talk]]) 19:23, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
::::That message was to {{comment}} that this discussion was about creating pages, not about whether anonymous users can contribute. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 07:22, 13 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:~2026-40500-29|~2026-40500-29]], is your response considered an objection? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:55, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:Limiting page creation to registered users might reduce new spam/promotional/out of scope pages. I disagree with 2026-405000-29 that requiring account registration is unnecessarily burdensome for new editors. 
:I don't know where the number &lt;500 anon accounts have contributed more than one edit comes from and it seems unlikely to me: that would mean there have only been 23 anon editors per year since wikibooks was founded. Looking at Special:RecentChanges there seems to be four or five anon editors a day. 
:Overall I think it is a reasonable restriction. I can't speak to the technical aspects of this change (re configuration changes, vs. autoconfirmed patrolling, etc) but if it is easy to implement I support it. [[User:JCrue|JCrue]] ([[User talk:JCrue|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/JCrue|contribs]]) 10:13, 12 October 2026 (UTC)
::i think setting limitations to configuration changes would affect those who are unregistered users.anyway it is 
::a good idea though but let's think about it outside the box [[User:Luhesa Kahuma|Luhesa Kahuma]] ([[User talk:Luhesa Kahuma|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Luhesa Kahuma|contribs]]) 22:47, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

== Add inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders? ==
I am proposing that we include inactivity policies for both patrollers and uploaders, which include no edits or logged actions for two years.

I previously proposed this for [now former] reviewers, but someone probably objected. Now, if their rights are removed for inactivity, they can request them back at [[WB:RFP]] (without prejudice), unless the rights were removed for cause (such as a vote of confidence).

Edit: Someone also proposed inactivity policies for importers (and possibly import uploaders too), which are sensitive permissions. I initially forgot to include that permission when creating this proposal, but now I am also proposing for importer permissions to have an inactivity policy.

Which procedure should we choose if we agree on the inactivity policy proposals? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 22:18, 18 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{Oppose}} - There is no need for inactivity policies for patrollers and uploaders, since there is no harm in keeping patrollers and uploaders in the current roles. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:09, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I have to disagree here. Some larger projects have their own inactivity policies for patrollers, such as [[m:Meta:Patrollers#Removal of access]] on Meta-Wiki and [[w:en:WP:NPPREVOKE]] (new page reviewers on English Wikipedia, a similar permission). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:34, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: CC to @[[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]], who was previously TechVindicator. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:01, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: I will say that it seems odd to propose these policies for patrollers and uploaders without proposing an equivalent for [[WB:importers|importers]], when that's arguably a far more sensitive role. I do at least support an inactivity policy for importers, and am as yet neutral vis-à-vis patrollers and uploaders. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 02:05, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
:: @[[User:JJPMaster|JJPMaster]] I've edited my proposal to also include both importers and import uploaders. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)

== Approving [[Wikibooks:Outdated books]] as a policy ==
I created this draft policy two years ago, and would like to see whether the community is willing to approve it now. I have substituted it in its current form (00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)) below:
{{hidden archive top|Policy text}}

Sometimes, there will be a book that has a lot of information that was very useful at the time, but has become out of date over time. There are generally two procedures that can be followed here.

;For books that aren't up to date, but can be reasonably updated
This category applies to books that, for instance, have not been updated with new information in a few years, but where the subject still exists and new information can be found about it. In this scenario, you should add the {{tlx|Outdated}} tag to the top of the book, and post on its discussion page explaining what should be updated. Or, you can always just [[Wikibooks:Be bold|be bold]] and update it yourself!

;For books that cannot be reasonably updated
This category includes books that are so outdated that their subject either no longer exists, or has changed so much since the book was written that it is virtually unrecognizable, and it would be nearly impossible to update it satisfactorily. These books should generally not be deleted, as they do provide valuable information, but should not be easily accessible to readers looking for recent information. Here, the following instructions should be followed.

If the case is unambiguous:
# Add {{tlx|Archived}} to the top of the book. Doing this will also remove it from search engine indexes, unless you override this by using {{tlx|Archived|2=noindex=false}}.
# Move the book to a subpage of [[Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive]].
# Replace the content of the redirect left behind after the move with {{tlx|Soft redirect|2=Wikibooks:Outdated books/Archive/&lt;book title&gt;}}.
# (''optional'') Inform the author(s) of the book of your decision.

If the case is ambiguous:

Follow these steps if there is any reasonable doubt about if the book can be updated.
# Follow the instructions at {{Section link|Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Deletion}} to file a request. Make sure to note that the request is for archiving, not deletion.
# The proposal for archiving will be discussed.
# If consensus has been reached to archive the book, any uninvolved user may close the discussion and follow the instructions in {{Section link|#If the case is unambiguous}}. Otherwise, the book will remain as is.
{{hidden archive bottom}} [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:16, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: I have a question, is there any difference if we approve this as a guideline (common sense) compared to as a policy? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:24, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: That would also be fine; I'm not exactly sure if the delineation between guidelines and policies on Wikibooks is as clearly defined as on Wikipedia. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:27, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
::: I would suggest approving this as a guideline should an experienced, yet uninvolved editor may use their judgment and common sense when dealing with outdated books. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 00:29, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{support}} for approval as a guideline, as I said and mentioned above. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:45, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Wikibooks Magazine ==
I am proposing that we create a magazine quarterly, or bimonthly detailing latest news on Wikibooks (and maybe ''some'' current affairs, considering the shutdown of Wikinews, though this is unlikely).
&lt;br&gt;
If it were to be approved, it would be inspired by the WikiKids magazine in Dutch [https://wikikids.nl/Wikikids:Magazine/11 link], though with a Wikibooks feel. A user could propose something for the next Wikibooks Magazine on the talk page of [[Wikibooks:Magazine]], including ideas for the next Wikibooks magazine. It would be promoted on the front page (and maybe) on the MediaWiki Sitenotice, providing information about the next edition. On Wikikids, the project has been going on since 2024, and since then there have been 11 editions. What do you think?
[[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:20, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|Codename Noreste}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 00:36, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:{{Courtesy ping|JJPMaster}} [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 23:04, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
:I '''weak support''' a '''quarterly''' publication. There isn't a ton of activity here compared to many other &lt;abbr&gt;WMF&lt;/abbr&gt; wikis, so there won't be quite as much to report as there is at (e.g.) [[:w:en:WP:SIGNPOST]] or [[:wikt:en:WIktionary:The Headword]] but that said, having a publication could encourage engagement by showing what hard work others are doing. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:36, 21 October 2026 (UTC)
: Because of the low activity, should the releases be biannual (every six months)? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:29, 22 October 2026 (UTC)
::I would support a quarterly publication, given the fact that Wikibooks does not have enough traffic (in my opinion) to justify a bimonthly publication, but, at the same time, the idea of a biannual publication seems relatively infrequent. Furthermore, the magazine would follow the quarterly format used on WikiKids. [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 03:47, 23 October 2026 (UTC)
: We can do that with [[Wikibooks:Magazine]]. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 18:00, 27 October 2026 (UTC)
::I will create a page about what the Wikibooks Magazine on the page provided, and the editions that will follow. [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 07:32, 28 October 2026 (UTC)

== Discussion on whether to create an extended mover user group ==
Currently, patrollers (formerly reviewers) have the &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; user right as well as a rate limit per InitialiseSettings.php. However, I am consulting with the community if we:
# Remove &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; from patrollers
# Add &lt;code&gt;suppressredirect&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; as well as include &lt;code&gt;delete-redirect&lt;/code&gt; (for deleting redirects with a single revision) and &lt;code&gt;move-subpages&lt;/code&gt; (to move all subpages of a book in a single action)
# Also include &lt;code&gt;noratelimit&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;extendedmover&lt;/code&gt; instead of using a custom rate limit (optional), or increase the limit to 500
This is because, per the principle of least privilege, patrollers should be responsible for marking new pages as patrolled and reverting vandalism/spam, while extended movers are trustworthy users (usually non-admins) responsible for moving books, et al.

This is ''not'' a proposal to implement the extended mover user group, but rather a community consultation. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 19:48, 20 October 2026 (UTC)

:@[[User:Codename Noreste|Codename Noreste]]: Relevant prior discussion can be found [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Proposals/2020/December#Suppress redirect feature|here]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 20:21, 20 October 2026 (UTC)
: Also, if this passes, we should create some guidelines for granting. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:48, 27 October 2026 (UTC)

== Enabling wgUseRCPatrol ==
Some of our sister projects have &lt;code&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;wgUseRCPatrol&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;/code&gt; enabled, but on the other hand, we do not. I think we should enable this so that we can also focus on reviewing edits in the recent changes, not just new pages. [[Wikibooks:Patrolling]] can also include information about this once we enable it here. Thoughts? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:39, 27 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>9a0mv52c236vzkstgw2onw8ubx49nhg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Category:Deletion templates</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>200647</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679027</id>
      <parentid>4533869</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:13:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ayakn</username>
        <id>3626623</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679027</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1154" sha1="1epv0safd4kjjqfkx8c396dhwf9jm86" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Maintenance templates]]
'''''&lt;big&gt;Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems&lt;/big&gt;'''''

&lt;big&gt;Ambient backscatter communication systems harness ambient radio-frequency (RF) signals to enable ultra-low-power, battery-free data transmission. Unlike conventional radios that generate their own carrier waves, backscatter devices modulate and reflect existing signals emitted by ambient sources—such as Wi-Fi routers, television broadcasts and cellular base stations—by switching impedance states. This approach dramatically reduces active power consumption, making it ideal for the next generation of pervasive Internet of Things (IoT) applications.&lt;/big&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Ambient Backscatter Communication Systems {{!}} Wireless Communication Systems and Technologies {{!}} Communications Engineering {{!}} Applied sciences {{!}} Topics {{!}} Nature Index |url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/topics/l4/ambient-backscatter-communication-systems |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=www.nature.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;


&lt;big&gt;'''Reference'''&lt;/big&gt;

1.https://www.nature.com/nature-index/topics/l4/ambient-backscatter-communication-systems</text>
      <sha1>1epv0safd4kjjqfkx8c396dhwf9jm86</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679028</id>
      <parentid>4679027</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:16:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ayakn</username>
        <id>3626623</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Replaced content with &quot;[[Category:Maintenance templates]]&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679028</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="34" sha1="lfh3lbxk3od6ygifvsr4lqfd057nk8i" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Maintenance templates]]</text>
      <sha1>lfh3lbxk3od6ygifvsr4lqfd057nk8i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aros/Platforms/AROS USB support</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>202147</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679032</id>
      <parentid>4678987</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:41:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679032</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="655914" sha1="90b6qjaxaulxqffztg7amk45bfz1cnv" xml:space="preserve">
{{ArosNav}}


==Host Adapter Protocol USB1 OHCI UHCI USB2 EHCI USB3.0 USB3.1 xHCI ==

Please let us know any mistakes or any information to be added, use Prefs/Trident to confirm Vendor and Product IDs 
Please chat at [https://www.arosworld.org/index.php AROS World]

*1996 USB1.0
*1998 USB1.1
*2000 USB2.0
*2008 USB3.0
*2013 USB3.1
*2017 USB3.2


AROS has these USB transfers 

*Control     - 
*Bulk        - Midi 1.0 ( 'send my data when you can' )
*Interrupt   - Midi 2.0
*Isochronous - USBAudio, Webcams, etc 

Isochronous is the starting point of modern types of multimedia creativity. IsoChronous isoc code is already in place in poseidon.library and '''scheduled''' transfers are queued to be later rerouted in the host driver code (needs to be written for each host protocol e.g. OCHI, UCHI, EHCI and [https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/625472/625472_xHCI_Rev1_2b.pdf#:~:text=Page%203.%20Document%20Number:%20625472%2C%20Revision:%201.2b.%203. XHCI rev1.2], [https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/868296/extensible-host-controller-interface-for-universal-serial-bus-xhci-requirements-specification-r2-0.html rev2], etc). There seems to be 2 types of isoc transfers, one is just the normal isoc transfer and the other is realtime implementation of isoc transfer. 

For isoc transfer there needs to be a scheduler that makes sure no isoc transfers are dropped (in or out) and that they happen at the right time. It all gets difficult as the device making use of the isoc transfer may be at any point on the device tree. One needs to calculate the USB bandwidth for the packet based periodic transfers that are initiated by the host which have fixed but guaranteed bandwidth. Host controllers guarantee this bandwidth by planning a schedule of transfers ahead of time to ensure there is enough time reserved on the bus.

[https://www.intel.co.uk/content/www/uk/en/products/docs/io/universal-serial-bus/ehci-specification.html EHCI] [https://www.thegoodpenguin.co.uk/blog/understanding-why-usb-isochronous-bandwidth-errors-occur/ bus-bandwidth] vs payload-bandwidth and the algorithm of the EHCI scheduler. 
The bandwidth of the endpoint in terms of payload data (stuff we put in a packet) and the protocol overhead, signalling imposed bit stuffing, host delays etc. 

Poseidon controls the driver and device tree and it provides an API to communicate with the USB devices. Poseidon really doesn't care much about what sort of transfer pipe is opened or used, it only provides the means to do so and forwards the iorequests to the correct driver. Poseidon code is the higher level code for USB communication and drivers are of course the lower level one.


[[File:Psd.svg|220px|right]]


; Best Hardware - NEC Chipset (OHCI + EHCI), Intel Chipset (UHCI + EHCI), XHCI USB3.0, USB3.1 &amp; gen 2 Type-A Type-B Type-C 
; Next Best Set - General OHCI, SIS (OHCI + EHCI), 
; Buggy Chipset - [ Early AMD OHCI], ALi OHCI, VIA UHCI, Nvidia OHCI &amp; EHCI, 


=== USB1.1 ===
OHCI USB 1.1 - USB-IF sanctioned standard but hardware physical form removed with USB2.0 and replaced with virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 M5237 Lucent USS-312 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| StarTech PCI425USB, CompUSA Iogear GIC220U-b, Nvidia 220 mobo, USBA2041P, ALi SU2A-PS, 
|-
| AMD 756 Chipset (onboard motherboard) 
| 0x1022 
| 0x740c 
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=31308#forumpost31308 usb devices detected] Geode GX1, 
|-
| CMD DU-A2 Silicon Image 0670 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0670
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Silicon Image 0673 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0673
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 0x10de 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe|Bios options vary but does with Plop Boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Tested with 20th Aug 2012 improvement 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| untested - Amiga Spider card with possible bottleneck issues at higher speeds 
|-
| NEC µPD720101AGM 720101GJ
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x43
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Mac mini, Belkin F5U219vea (2+1 ports), Belkin F5U220vea1 (4+1 ports), Adaptec 3100LP, BAFO BF-460, GWC UC-160, IOGear GIC250U, Keyspan U2PCI-5, O'toLink U2-C2B U2-C2A U2-P20N U2-P50, Ratoc PCIU5, USBWholesale UII-PCIP 
|-
| NEC µPD720102
| 0x1033
| 0x00
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Opti 82C861 2-port 
| 0x1045
| 0xc861
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no USB devices detected - Belkin F5U005, 
|-
| SIS 7001 OCHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7001
| 0x0f
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 20th Aug 2012 - not booting stalls on GRUB word with Plop Boot 
|-
|}


UHCI USB 1.1 - Intel standard but since 2009 no hardware support as USB2 introduced virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Intel 
| 0x8086 
| 0x
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|not in bios use AROS floppy disc boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82371AB EB MB PIIX4 
| 0x8086 
| 0x7112
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|none in bios use other booting options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|Detects most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led not on and does not work}}
|  
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBL/DBM (onboard i830 mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24c4 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes|but not from bios but floppy options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on and although device has software failure and recoverable error IT STILL WORKS. Fresh start sometimes needs Network Prefs Saved to work. 
|-
| VIA MVP4 (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x30
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless options}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 detected but blue led not on and does not work 
|-
| VIA VT82xx (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless usb}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on but does not work 
|-
| VIA VT6202 (VIA VT83C572)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| A-Best USB-200, Cables N Mor USBPCI, CompUSA, D-Link DSB500, Digital/Research DRUSBCARD, Kouwell IOFlex 580, StarMount USB VIA, 
|-
| VIA VT6112 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x61
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 2011 seems to have issues with other identical via based USB controller(s) present 
|-
| VIA VT6214L 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 2.0 EHCI ===
The USB-IF insisted on only one implementation of EHCI but it creates 4 virtual hcd to cover USB1.1 support. The virtual HCD on Intel and VIA EHCI controllers are UHCI. All other vendors use virtual OHCI controllers. Hardware EHCI USB2.0 ended in most chipsets in 2014/5 and is now virtual through most newer USB3.0 chipsets 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 Lucent USS-344 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested}} belkin F5U006, 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBM (onboard mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24cd 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x00E0
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested - Amiga Spider card}}
|-
| NEC 72101 GJ
| 0x1033 
| 0x00e0 
| 0x04
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Belkin F5U219 VEA1 (pci), 
|-
| SIS ECHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7002
| 0x00
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|issues about which port is used if it works at all}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6202 
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 0x62
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|detects}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 3.x SuperSpeed SS (Speed 5Gbit/s 3.1 gen 1) aka xHCI eXtensible ===

USB Attached SCSI (UAS or UASP) is a protocol used for high-speed data transfer between computers and external storage devices like SSDs, HDDs, and some flash drives. It provides up to 70% faster read/write speeds than traditional Bulk-Only Transport (BOT) by allowing multiple commands to run in parallel, rather than waiting in a queue

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1000 FL 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B73
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1000 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;link power management (LPM, USB 3.0 power saving) cannot be disabled so random connection issues  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1009-200 FL 1009 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1009 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Orico PFU3-2P
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1100-100 FL 1100SX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1100 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;LPM cannot be disabled so issues with disconnecting WD drives etc - CalDigit, ORICO PFU3-2P, FASTA-6GU3 Pro, inatech KTU3FR-2P 2 port USB 3.0,  and Inateck KT4004 (KTU3FR-4PA rev B2) for storage and hubs, etc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1400 FL 1400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1400 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720200 uPD720200a chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1d6b
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0194
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|no USB3 but seems to works like USB2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported for USB3 but works like USB2 - ORICO PRU3-4P 4 Port USB, early Dell Wyse zx0 thin client,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720201 uPD720201 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x114 0x0115 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720202 uPD720202 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1912 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ti.com/product/tusb7340 TI] tusb7340 TUSB732 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8241
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported Koutech IO-PEU436 but only one with open docs 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported - integrated since Ivybridge 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL800 xHCI 0.96 support in VL800, VIA VL811 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3432 0x3438 0x3515 and 0x9201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 2.0 backwards support 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Anker 68UPPCIE-2S20PU 2 port, Plugable 4-Port, GA-z77x-ud5h rev. 1.1 mobo, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL811+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL812 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;xHCI 1.0 support in VL805 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


USB 3.1 (power up to 100W and data 10Gbit/s USB 3.2 gen 2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1142 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Connector: USB Type C and  USB Type A x 1 - Ugreen USB C PCI Card 2 Port USB 3.1 Type C 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 1.8 1.9 Updated  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AUKEY 4 Ports USB C , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Startech - PEXUSB312C - 2-port Usb 3.1 10Gbit/s
|-
|}

USB 3.2 (power up to 100W and data 20Gbit/s gen 2x2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 2.6 Update  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=== USB 4 (40Gbps thunderbolt, pcie 3.0 tunnelling, ) ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD Ryzen7 6800U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel Goshen Ridge JHL8440 Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
|  
|-
|}


== hid.class (Human Interface Device) ==

=== Keyboard ===

 Some multi-finger touchpad support works but not on all touchpads  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Retro N C64 edition Keyboard, the super button accessory and optional N30 mouse
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 87 keys Kailh white}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo 108 Retro Mechanical Keyboard (white kailh) and two superbuttons (green) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05ac
| 0x0205 
| 0x0122
| {{yes|works (its two hub ports) but mouse scroll wheel issues}}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05AC
| 0x020B 
| 
| {{yes|works (two onboard ports also)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aigo K68 60% red switches, A68 A87 wireless 2G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://amigakit.leamancomputing.com/catalog/product_info.php?cPath=49&amp;products_id=973 AmigaOne Keyboard]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko TAC87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 80% TKL }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko MonsGeek FUN60 PRO&amp;MAX HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 60% hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arteck HW197 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 keyboard and touchpad combo, aluminum frame, aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Azio Cascade 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  good 75% expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND104 (Wuque Studios) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 premium clicky (WS Blue) or silent (WS White) key options with Ansi and ISO formats also numpad and calculator, aluminum machined, tri mode, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2026 untested magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K65 Mech MX no numeric keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair CH-9000045 K70 Blue MX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cherry G80 G80-3000L[x]C[yy]-[z] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cooler Master CM Storm Quickfire Rapid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K100 Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 okay low profile but expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell SK-8135 Dell USB Keyboard for Internet and Multimedia rev H for Dimension 4500, Dimension 8250, OptiPlex GX260n, OptiPlex GX60n, Precision 350 (R42232) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x413C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2010 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes| usb1.1 keyboard hub 0x413C 0x1003 works as well - multimedia keys not mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Deepcool KG722
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 65% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Channel Zero DK2108 Mech Mechanical Cherry MX Red 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Shine 3 Brown or Blue (DK9087) MX keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Das Keyboard Model S Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Cidoo V75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker rt100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 plastic build and no screws, numpad with small 0, mostly quiet seasalt switches, gimmick usb-c 1in screen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EPOMAKER TH99  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} USB-C full numpad keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker P75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker p87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Leobog Hi75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Feker Galaxy80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 gmk/via 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget version good 75% choice of 4 leobog switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Tide75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% and not too expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK992 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 109 key }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK820 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK35I V3 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 104 keys - two models: wired and tri-mode connection - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F108 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pricy but okay 100% but only leobog graywood switches but hotswap available afterwards}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Ajazz AK980 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 97 keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker G87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT82 RT85
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT100 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATTACK SHARK X98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 98% maybe silent linear feel with Two-color PBT keycap}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker ATTACK SHARK X68HE and X65HE 65% Wired Gaming Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x502D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2025 tested on Aros running on Raspberry Pi wired usb-c with magnetic hall effect keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Filco Ninja Majestouch-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focus FK-760 Wireless Keyboard &amp; Trackball
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} but quality build issues raised 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMMK Tenkeyless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMK67 GMK87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested budget good option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hengchangtong HCT Limeme gk103s Entry Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xC0F4
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|half Keyboard left side only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears M2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested hotswap kaihl green switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix mq80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 good 75% low profile keys
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix Magi65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 65% low profile keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iqunix ez60 ez80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested specific hall effect switches - actuation point, rapid trigger, etc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jomaa YiChip Wireless 50% key with touchpad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|dongle detected, keys and pad not working - 2 AAA NM}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested numpad only}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 v1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested okay}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q6 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 75% with numeric numpad, barebones so choose switches and keycaps to suit }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 MAX V1 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Lemokey P1 QMK 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested best option to customise switches and keycaps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron LemoKey X1 X3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested keycap swap only not switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K2HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested okay}} wireless hall effect analogue on all keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K4HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested hall effect but software }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K5 K17 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested okay low profile but }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K10 HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kiiboom Breeze 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 good 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meletrix Boog 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 magnetic hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Melgeek O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 low profile 75% but not repairable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOSART 2.4G Wireless 60% Keyboard Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4105
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|dongle recognised HID, keys worked, roller worked, scroll wheel works and shoulders works but buttons around left, top and right hand side (RHS) do not work and plastic and 2 AA MN1500}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mucai SiGma Micro MKA610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1c4f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0084
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| unknown red keys - rgb backlighting - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hjldemo.clsc.cn/ Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Ltd] Perixx Periboard 505 Plus with Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard - poor trackball}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Co., Ltd Perixx Periboard 706 Plus with Trackball Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|generally okay dome with good sized keys but piano black surround fingerprint magnet, occasional brief trackball freezes after no use, takes some time to get used to the trackball size}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-716 Wireless (Chicony)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;04f2:1013
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard and trackpad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo SK-8825 41A5327 SIL12-W07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works manufactured for 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lite-On USB NetVista Full Width Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04b3
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3025
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K320 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech USB Unifying, Bolt, Lightspeed, or Nano receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K340 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.logitech.com/en-us/product/wireless-touch-keyboard-k400r Logitech Wireless Touch Keyboard k400]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 0x046D
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0xC52B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 1201
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{yes|All (including multimedia) keys work. Some keys requires remapping with Trident. Touchpad works and acts as normal mouse. Presents itself in Trident as USB Receiver from Logitech with 3 HID bindings}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400 Plus K400+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G915 TKL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard TKL means no number pad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Lite84 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Flow Lite100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 silent switches and low profile keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MACHENIKE K500 Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 94 keys untested Hot Swappable 94 Keys 90% Layout }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MechLands Vibe99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 100 keys untested Gasket-mounted Wired/Bluetooth/2.4GHz Wireless Mechanical Keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Comfortable Curve 2000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Wireless Media Desktop 1000 (1356)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00f9 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|working but not mouse part}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Niz Micro84 Duo82 X87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 electro capacitive }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy gem80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy kick 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 low profile 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy Air75 V3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy node 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 96% layout, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-50 MK-80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Chroma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0203
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://openrazer.github.io/ Razer] Lycosa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow 2013 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razr Blackwidow Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer Orange keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Low Profile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Pro 75% 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Cynosa Lite V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x023f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer DeathStalker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer HuntsMan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ornata 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Orbweaver Chroma Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0207
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Tartarus Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  not hall effect and very expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K668 RGB Gaming Keyboard Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys Upgraded Hot-swappable Socket，Red Switch}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K689 PRO Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested Gasket RGB Gaming Keyboard, 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys, Upgraded Hot-swappable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rii K22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 keyboard trackpad combo, non replaceable lithium battery, very compact}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 75% mechanical, hotswap so okay for price untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Royal Kludge RK65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SINO WEALTH Gaming KB SkyLion K68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x258a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| blue stalks with rgb lighting}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SKYLOONG GK104 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested gateron }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet x300 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MosART 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4101
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0312 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|1 AAA for each and works well - mouse slightly better built than keyboard rubberised membrane}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X331 HDE 2.4G Keyboard wireless RCMCU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C45
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|wireless can be glitchy but few extra keys are mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X500 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MOSArt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2901
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0112 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works well especially large touchpad - usual rubber domed membraned keyboard mechanism }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecware Specter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 75%}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unicomp Model M USB 104 key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} IBM's and later Lexmark buckling spring switches 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Minilo Bluebell (prestige silent) and Eculapytus (violet tactile)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 75% plastic build no screws not great to mod}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Sword 68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo 98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 expensive but good and Kailh silent}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Choice65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Lucky65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5055
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% but not as expensive CNC Aluminum HMX/JWK/Cocoa Switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush 80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5588 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush80 Reboot Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 very good but expensive Aluminum Hotswap Wireless RGB}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wooting HE60 HE80 HE90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 hall effect but expensive with good software}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier WK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk71 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xenta White Wireless HK6718B+HM3302--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works with Raspberry Pi untested on AROS native}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xinmeng X87 MAGIC_REFINER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 untested keycap swap but not hotswapable switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL66 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| milk switches, cherry PBT, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi B75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget good with cocoa cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|good budget option with  swappable switches,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi C75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 budget good with  switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
linear  - creamy
tactile - thocky
clicky  - clacky 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Cherry MX Black are linear switches (no feedback); good for gaming. 
Cherry MX Red are linear (less noise no click) but more squishy; 
Cherry MX Brown are in between Blue and Red in style and tactile; 
Cherry MX Clear switches have soft tactile feedback (with no click). 
Cherry MX Blue have tactile feedback with a click (noisy); good for typing. 

Gateron Yellows KS-3, KS-3x47 or better Pros have a milky top and black bottom and linear 

TTC Silent Frozen v2. Linear and dead silent 
Mouse the huano brown with yellow dot for silent mouse clicks
Kailh red dust proof encoder for smooth and close to silent scrolling
Boba U4 Silent Tactile switches
Husky linears

HMX 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Mouse ===

if the USB mouse is non-functional put a USB pendrive in before or add the following to user-startup in '''s''' drawer/folder/directory

 sys:prefs/trident NOGUI &gt; NIL:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Brand
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Model
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;[http://www.3dconnexion.com/products/spacenavigator.html SpaceNavigator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpacePilot Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceExplorer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceMouse 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;3D Optical 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0000:3825
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin
| Combo mouse
|
| 0x05FE
| 0x0011
| Low 0100
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Cytec
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired Mouse Gaming 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;R.A.T 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Dell
| Mouse
| MO56UC
| 0x413C
| 0x3200
|
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;equatech / clone logitech  
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;wireless mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;49779 / M185 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 3151:2020 later 3151:3020 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{Yes|detected and works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hama
| RF Optical Mouse
| AM-6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keycron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling and 16k dpi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested barebones 1k polling and 16k dpi, great for small hands, loud clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;LogiCAD 3D
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Cordless Desktop Navigator 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Inc.
| First/Pilot Wheel Mouse
| N48/M-BB48 M-BE58 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless mouse
| [http://www.logitech.com/en-roeu/mice_pointers/mice/devices/5484 M305]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless RF Mouse
| MK710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G304
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master Anywhere 2S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|untested}} micro USB charge port on front 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M220 silent touch MR0085
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2018 needs usb dongle - quiet clicking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Logi 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 3S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|2021 untested usb-c bluetooth, inbuilt battery but muted clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G502 X Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M240 silent touch MR0105  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2022 no dongle as bluetooth enabled but could work with Logi Bolt USB Receiver - 1 aa battery - quiet clicking}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 4 MXM
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Bluetooth usb-c dongle, inbuilt lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Brand
| Description
| Model
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8566
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8518
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;OrzerHome Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8514
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1 aa with no on/off switch }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wheel Mouse optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Sidewinder Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| IntelliMouse Explorer USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wireless Optical Mouse 2000
|
| 0x045E
| 0x00F9 
|
| {{no|not working see keyboard Media Desktop 2000 above}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Microsoft 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;1461 1447 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|usb dongle matched to one mouse only no others}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Orochi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Mamba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 17 buttons 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga Hex V2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} MOBA Gaming Mouse, Professional Grade 16,000 DPI Sensor - RGB lighting 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;DeathAdder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Viper 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Basilisk V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling, 35k dpi, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Trust
| Slimline Lasermouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| SteelSeries 
| Tobii EyeX EyeMobile PCEye 
| Eye Tracking Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} gaze interaction track technology for augment augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;The Eye Tribe Tracker 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Eye 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MV3000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x192f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0916
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|}

=== Trackball ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3Dconnexion SpaceBall 5000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} Labtec designed and rolled into new company 3dconnexion 2001 by owners Logitech 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ACCO Kensington Orbit optical F1233A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kensington Turbo Mouse 64210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Clearly Superior Technologies. Model:CST 1000-RC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Trackman Marble Mouse Wired USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Trackman Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Optical Trackman T-RB22 - Cordless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech M570 wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Trackball Mouse Optical 1.0 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft X05-87473 Trackball USB Optical 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== KVM ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NanoKVM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== Gamepad ===

Controllers have mostly decided that the left analog joystick is keyboard equivalent of WASD and right joystick is your mouse. You also have 2 bumpers above the triggers. Shoot could be right trigger (so it doesn't involve taking your thumb off the right joystick). Face buttons for reloading or jump or other non-critical functions. Crank up the sensitivity and practice. 

Testing can be done with the TRIDENT Prefs, [https://devicetests.com/controller-tester html5], [https://greggman.github.io/html5-gamepad-test/ html5], or [https://gamepad-tester.com/ Tester]


==== Dinput Poseidon Default Plugin - Playstation(TM) style ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Bat D2E BTP-BD2E XD4D2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis Eliminator Gamepad Pro USB  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;047d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;4005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2d only 
|-
| Hama Black Force USB Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 psx clone look 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jess Tech Game Elements Philips GGE909 PC Recoil Pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCbAmIhj6P4 Logitech Wingman Precision USB] G-UC3B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 no 3D but good for 2D retro games like Turrican II
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Action Pad G-UB3A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 1 blue lucid translucent - thin analog stick N64 type - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman RumblePad UB05B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc20a
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded blue piece - vibration feedback - single shoulder buttons with throttle control below right one 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Cordless RumblePad G-RA4A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc211
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded black piece - vibration feedback - dual shoulder buttons L1 L2 R1 R2 with blue throttle control below right one - 4 aa mn1500 batteries; life not great - C-UD10A usb dongle - overall big and bulky 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Precision Wired G-UG15
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Precision G-X2E14A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 ps2 styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G-X5C11A Cordless Precision Wireless Controllers
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling black outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/logitech-dual-actiontm-gamepad/ Logitech Dual Action] 
* G-UD8 has no mode (2D only?) button and no rumble 
* G-UF13A later 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0xc2
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 G-UF13A tested only]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 New body shape psx style - dual analog 3D sticks - 4 small travel shoulder triggers no 5,6,7,8 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 G-UF13
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 usb wired light blue top/black base - twin analogues 3D along with dual short travel shoulder buttons - rumble present - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 Cordless 
* G-RC?? OLD version that take FOUR batteries and RED Logitech logo 
* G-RC14 uses TWO batteries has an ORANGE logo - dongle C-UE10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0200
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 wireless may have to remove 1 battery - G-RC?? 5 + 7 buttons - G-RC14 use buttons 6 + 8 to reset sticks - replace battery and push large button on receiver - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F310 Wired Dual Action G-U0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|D mode switch}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 best option for old usb wired style dual analog 3D with pc-xbox/psx switch on back (only D works) - both rear shoulder RT LT buttons have excess travel - no rumble vibration - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F510 Wired G-UG0002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 dual analog with dual xbox pc/psx X/D switched compatibility modes - 
|-
| Logitech F710 Wireless / Cordless RumblePad 2 G-R0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;3.05
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|Mouse only not joypad}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 When switch on top set to D and nano receiver for each controller to pair - 2 aa mn1500 batteries required - rumble support sometimes - rear back shoulder buttons excessive travel needed - does have rubber backing that becomes sticky - 
|- 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Megaworld 'TIME' USB pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0735
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;Low 0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No |}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 Poor quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
* SideWinder Precision Pro USB (1997)
* SideWinder Precision 2 (1998)
* Game Pad Pro (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Game Pad USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; possible setup first 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Gamepad X04 Freestyle 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} 1998 might need USB adapter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder X05 63895 92626 Flight stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|2000 [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=929.msg11309#new tested]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Flight Stick X08-58736 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
    Plug &amp; Play Game Pad (2000)
    SideWinder Joystick (2000)
    Game Pad 2.0 (2001)
    SideWinder Force Feedback 2 (2002)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 long-standing static buildup problem and Force Feedback 2 was the removal of the power brick 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps1000/ PS1000 Cyborg V.1], [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps2700-rumble-pad/ PS2700] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function 
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xG0v-hf6ZPA P2600] [http://compactiongames.about.com/od/hardware/tp/gamepads.htm P3600], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function
|- 
| Saitek P2900 wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 runs on 1 AA battery
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Batoh PS3 mini USB Wired hookup [http://ps3.jim.sh/sixaxis/usb/ SIXAXIS] 
*PCB  Ribbon      Notes
*Protos ALPS MSU Rev3 M3 and the later CBEH-1019
*?    SA1Q135A 	  for sixaxis
*PP4  
*V2   
*V25  
*VX   SA1Q146A    first dualshock 3 model
*VX   SA1Q147A    CECHZC2U (USA)
*VX35 SA1Q159A 	  
*VX3  SA1Q160A 	  
*VX?  SA1Q188A    
*VX4  SA1Q189A    shipped with a CECH-2504 datecode 0C 
*VX5  SA1Q194A    changed design ALPS, PS button changes
*VX6  SA1Q195A    red case, 
*VX7  SA1Q222A    superslims 2 ribbons
*VX8  SA1Q224A    superslims 2 ribbons 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x054c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Sometimes detected but no support - no sixaxis features detected - mini usb lead will have varying results - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS4 
*JDM JDS 001 010 011 
*JDM 030 040 055 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS5 Dual Sense 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speed Link Strike 2 FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Firestorm Dual Power 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 only 1 axis joystick only]}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-1500 GM-1520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 M series Aluminum Metal Joystick Hitbox Controller Arcade Fighting Stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 T series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 G series Gamefinger G12 G13 G16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; plastic - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 S series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  thinner and lighter than G series 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mad Catz sf2 fightstick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Datel Paewang Arcade Pro Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F300 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F500 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Flatbox GP2040-CE Hot Swappable Mini Hitbox Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  default it is configured for PS4 but before plugging usbc cable in, X for Dinput, B Xinput, RT HID - plastic build case - Rev4 based on RP2040 chip and firmware is based on GP2040-CE (Community Edition) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shenzhen Onebitdo Tech 8bitdo Fighting stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Venom 8 button 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}


==== Xinput Xbox Style Plugin ====

2018 extension added originally called AROSx but later redacted. Latest [https://github.com/medusalix/xone linux driver] might be useful. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate C Wired 82CB (Shenzhen ONEBITDO TECH - GWOWO) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3106 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 - 4 t6 torx screws - non hall effect so drifting issues - triggers go faulty often - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C Wired Controller 82CD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x310A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - HID keyboard assigned - 4 t6 torx screws - hall effect analogs and triggers  - 1000Hz polling - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  - 400mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad poor for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo ULtimate Mini Wired Controller for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
*Wired Controller 
*Wireless
*Bluetooth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect - playstation style layout for pc - slide button for S-A-D-X switch, android, dinput or xinput -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025  tmr hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  - mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad  for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Aurora 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks with no deadzone mode, gyro, linear rumble, trigger stops, back paddles, button swap, macro, turbo, RGB LED effects -  tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Beitong Spartan BTP-2270U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Asura 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect - noble linear trigger potentiometer and alps shoulder LB/RB micro switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEITONG ASURA 2 Pro+ Game Controller Wireless Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beitong Zeus 2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BebonCool Dinofire Model Number: Q218 / TP28
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  - triggers aren't progressive but ON/OFF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers - tri mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX Wireless Controller PC PS3, 9013pro ESM-9013PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 linear hall effect but device sometimes will not connect tried multiple attempts with the dongle
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY MICRO SWITCH - Bumpers Tactile switch Hall Effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect analog and triggers - membrane buttons - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX S10 Wireless Gamepad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 TMR Hall effect and compatible with Switch 2/PC/Phone/TV/Steam, NFC, Gyro, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;202
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech World EOS Pro WGP15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect trigger and sticks,2 back paddles, motion controlling 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech EOS PRO II S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 controller with TMR hall effect analogues, mechanical face buttons and D-pad, 63 input macro, back paddles, turbo - analog triggers with trigger stops - tri mode bt wifi and wired - slide switch on back for switch, macos/android and xinput - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  luxury model 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader Pro 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 the Pro(Hall Effects) and Non-Pro (No Hall) 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 hall effect sticks and triggers - poor wifi connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  luxury model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons with gold contacts - 800mhA battery - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Dunefox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 basic model hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons - 500mha battery - no gyros - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 5 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 - hall effect stick with tension control, linear triggers, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir T4K Keleid, T4C Cyclone wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 poor to ok switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no|| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - switch type layout 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Chicken Run Network Tech Nova Lite GameSir-T4n LITE - Zikway HID gamepad
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 4200 seems to be xbox so B then Home for Xinput (green LED), A then Home for HID BT Android (green/yellow LED), Y then Home for Switch Pro (Red LED)] or X then Home for Wifi and start and select to alternatively swap modes 
* and if on [https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 5700 ds4 so Home + B (blue LED), ]
* firmware 6900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3537
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1040 0x1041
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect 3d nubs - no usb-c cable - rubber membrane analog trigger travel and bumpers shoulder buttons - wifi 2.4G and bluetooth - xbox layout so ab and xy might need to be swapped via m and a buttons for switch type [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=po-nNuC5fps fixes video] - 250Hz polling - 600mah battery - rigid carry case - poor d-pad esp diagonals - gamesir settings software only on android 6+ or ios based only - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 2 Lite  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 SE Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir TEGENARIA T3 Lite Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 playstation aesthetic hall effect analog and membrane buttons - X+Home button connects as an Xbox controller
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Cyclone 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR Joysticks with anti-friction rings and metal anti-friction rings around the stems, gyro, rumble, macro, turbo, 2 back paddles, hall analog triggers with micro-switch trigger - tri mode bluetooth, 2.4GHz wifi and wired, 1000hz polling rate - gamesir connect software - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 Pro for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR hall effect - hall effect triggers, tri mode connection - gamesir nexus software - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Super Nova Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 hall effect sticks and triggers, 1000Hz polling, tri mode connectivity, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 NS08 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Electromagnetic Stick hall effect - hall linear triggers - Mechanical face buttons - wired and wireless - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 PRO NS09
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall efect - wired and wireless - Mechanical face buttons - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong MAX 3 KK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall effect - wired and wireless - lithium battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gulikit KK3 Max USB-c Bluetooth Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Hall Joysticks and Triggers, Maglev/Rotor/HD Vibration, 1000Hz Polling Rate, 4 Back Buttons,  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KK3 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 smaller version of KK3 MAX - hall effect analog and triggers, face buttons , maglev rumble, gyro, 4 back paddles - rigid case - 950mAh up to 8 hrs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hyperkin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori EX2 Turbo UHX3-45 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G1 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Wireless Gaming Controller with 1K Polling Rate Hall Effect Trigger Joystick For Nintendo Switch PC iOS Android 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G5 Pro Wireless Gaming Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY Switch Membrane, Bumpers Tactile switch and hall effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;microsoft sidewinder precision pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 0x045e
| 0x028e
| 0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|needs specific driver and has poor 2D control pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Microsoft (R) [https://blog.tkjelectronics.dk/2012/12/xbox-360-receiver-added-to-the-usb-host-library/ Xbox 360] (TM) Wireless Receiver for Windows(R) Model 1086 and Controller 
| 0x045e 
| 0x0719, 0x or 0x0291
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|separate standalone usb dongle detected and shows as 8 vendor interfaces but no class associated and so not working - may need new class from code from xpad or xboxdrv to work the controllor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox 360 Kinect [http://hackaday.com/2010/11/10/kinect-open-source-driver-demo-and-hacking/ Video] 
[http://git.marcansoft.com/?p=libfreenect.git;a=commit;h=7655fcf7239ba4907654089dba535a196685dbe5 GIT]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007  proprietary 2.4GHz RF protocol, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One wireless controller newer model with the 3.5mm headphone jack 1537 1697 and microsoft adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02d1 or 0x02dd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e3
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 ok - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox later models 1708+ Xbox One and Series use 5GHz and use Bluetooth, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ea 0x02fd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 2 Core 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 ok - no hall - 125Hz polling - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minisform MGP01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOBAPAD N1HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 has liquid silicone face buttons, hall effect analog, D-Pad swap, two back paddles, USB-A dongle, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad Huben 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Gale 墨将 mòjiāng 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Blitz PRO 2 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON now MOJHON AETHER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks, hall effect triggers, mechanical bumpers, 1000hz polling rate, mechanical D-pad, membrane face buttons, mechanical back paddles, rumble, deadzone issues - tri mode 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI FORCE GC20 GC30 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 not hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mytrix Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NACON GC-100XF Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 average 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect joysticks &amp; triggers, limited trigger stops, 1000hz polling rate on wired, 4 back paddles, 32 macro record, anti-deadzone mode, RAW mode, gyro, turbo, tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P50L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PowerA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Stellar T5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Junior E5 Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Wolverine V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  hall 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RetroFlag 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speedlink XEOX Pro Analog Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;enclosed lithium battery? - xbox layout - switchable on back of controller to directinput (dinput) or xinput - USB dongle switchable to pc and ps3 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Instinct Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Envision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steel Series Stratus Duo XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;usb adapter needed 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/Inputlabs InputLabs Alpakka Open Source and build yourself] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY it with 3d printer, pcb and components  - pi pico needed - 2 gyros for better accuracy - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/kapybara Inputlabs kapybara] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY one handed version wip 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vilcorn Z03 BT Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - other Bluetooth modes (green, red, blue, purple, etc.) Select + M1 (or M2) - 400mAh - not great latency wired - 800mhz polling -  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd ultimate legend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+ elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+excellent
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
#ifndef AROSX_LIBRARY_H
#define AROSX_LIBRARY_H

#include &lt;exec/types.h&gt;

#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_UNKNOWN  0x00
#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_GAMEPAD  0x01

#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_UP          0x0001
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_DOWN        0x0002
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_LEFT        0x0004
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_RIGHT       0x0008
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_START            0x0010
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_BACK             0x0020
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_THUMB       0x0040
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_THUMB      0x0080
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_SHOULDER    0x0100
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_SHOULDER   0x0200
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_A                0x1000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_B                0x2000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_X                0x4000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_Y                0x8000

struct AROSX_GAMEPAD {
    ULONG   Timestamp;
    UWORD   Buttons;
    UBYTE   LeftTrigger;
    UBYTE   RightTrigger;
    WORD    ThumbLX;
    WORD    ThumbLY;
    WORD    ThumbRX;
    WORD    ThumbRY;
};

#define AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT    0x00
#define AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT 0x01
#define AROSX_EHMF_CONNECT    (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT)
#define AROSX_EHMF_DISCONNECT (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT)

struct AROSX_EventHook {
    struct Node         eh_Node;
    struct MsgPort     *eh_MsgPort;
    ULONG               eh_MsgMask;
};

struct AROSX_EventNote {
    struct Message      en_Msg;
    ULONG               en_Event;
    APTR                en_Param1;
    APTR                en_Param2;
};

#endif /* AROSX_LIBRARY_H */
&lt;/pre&gt;


=== Joystick ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CH Products CombatStick 568 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cyborg X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Extreme 3D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| [Logitech Attack 3 Joystick] 
| 0x0464
| 0xC214
| 0205
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek X-52 x52 pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek aviator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Speedlink Competition Pro USB 
| 
|
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{maybe|works but games not working &quot;out of the box&quot;}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator QZ 501
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator TH 400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust XK 100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

===[https://github.com/JacKeTUs/linux-steering-wheels Gaming Racing Steering Wheels]=== 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;40%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/documents/pid1_01.pdf USB PID standard not supported], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cammus C5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec CSL Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 and Xbox - belt driven wheel - 30cm wheel swapping 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec Club Sport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt $600 £500 system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FFBeast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius TRIO RACER F1 Racing Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Cheap and cheerful but not great - may need calibrating 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hama PC Racing Wheel Thunder V18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Average 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Racing Wheel 3 with pedals 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PC 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logic3 PXU450 TopDrive GT450 Steering Wheel for PS3, PS4, XBox One and PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MOMO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Very good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Driving Force GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Drive Force Pro DFP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; wheel 900 degree - weighs in at 15&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Formula Force EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;200 degrees turn for the EX model is arcade-like driving - adds PS3 compatibility via the PSx/2 adaptor - weighs in at 9&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G27 PC/PS3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; comes with gear shifter - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G29 PC PS3/PS4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G920 PC XboxOne 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G923 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft(R) SideWinder Precision Racing Wheel (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Ultrawipf/OpenFFBoard OpenFFBoard], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simagic M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; base direct drive $900 £800 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simplicity Simwheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simxperience Accuforce V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SPEEDLINK Drift O.Z. Racing Wheel with Pedals and Gear Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries Simraceway SRW-S1 Steering Wheel (PC) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Nascar Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari Challenge Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; Poor  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari FGT Rumble GT Experience 3-in-1 (PC/PS3)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;b658
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0102
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Wheel and all buttons detected}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Not great - gear driven 240deg wheel rotation - no psu needed - 2 peddle - flappy gear change - rumble untested - red switch for PC PS3 selection 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster F430 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T500 RS Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; belt driven wheel/rumble for GT5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T60 Challenge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T150 Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  gear / belt combo wheel / rumble - 2 peddle 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TMX Pro PC/XboxOne
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct drive rumble - no manual gear shift included 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base level and OK - PS4 - 270deg rumble - 2 peddle 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T300 RS GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PS4 - belt driven - 900deg rotation and modular 28cm wheel out - 2 peddles but 3 available 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TX Leather 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TX Xbox version - 900deg rotation 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustermaster TS PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PC only belt wheel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; TS XW Racer PC Xbox1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T-GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 $700 £600 with T-DFB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tracer Zonda Racing Steering Wheel PC PS3 Vibration Feedback Pedals Gearbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===Gamepad Joypad Adapters===

* Most adapters will work in most OS's without installing a driver. Special functions needing drivers will be noted. 
* Some adapters do not work with some [http://www.stepmania.com/wiki/Dance_Pads dance pads] because of voltage issues. Other adapters map the dancemat arrows as axes and not as buttons, causing problems.
* If using an adapters should be compatible with '''original''' PlayStation PS/Xbox Xbox/GameCube GC /Dreamcast DC/Sega Saturn SS gamepads. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.maplin.co.uk/psx-usb-bridge-34887?tabid=3&amp;worldid=&amp;doy=21m9&amp;faqitem=playstation%20controller%20to%20pc%20adaptor Maplin] [http://www.rockfire.com.tw/ Padix Co. Ltd. Rockfire] PX-205 PSX/USB Bridge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0583 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2050
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes}} but buttons mapped different from others 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|poor}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ok with dpads, but very poor support with analogue hack 
|-
| Boom PS Joy Converter adaptor 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| discontinued (2004/5). Hold Up, Start, and Select for three seconds. Very good [http://www.stepmania.com stepmania] recommendation. 
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/m_main.htm EMS] [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/ps2-usb2.htm USB2] grey plastic box with 2 PSX ports, one on either side - UP and Select pressed for 3 seconds at the same time or the dance code (start+select+up) 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows the PS port works in digital mode on d-pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| Set in PC switch mode. Does not work when using 2 pads at the same time, likely higher power requirements. FPSE emu DualShock untested, Mat and Guitar untested but known lag involved 
|-
| Joytech (play.com) (EMS USB2 bad clone) Black box twin PSX
| 0x0b43
| 0x0003
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}} 
| but poor on dance ddr mat and guitar hero as the left and right keys do not like being pressed together, Dual shock untested 
|-
| [ EMS Trio Linker ] 1 PSone connection at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 2005 
|-
| [http://psxemulator.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=support&amp;action=display&amp;thread=421 EMS Trio Linker Plus] (blue box) 1 PSx at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 
|-
| Gamtec [http://www.gamestone.co.uk/gradius/guides_usb_smartjoy_guide.php SmartJoy Plus] Lik Sang PS-&gt;USB converter Red 2005 
| 0x0925
| 0x0005
| Low 0110
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|detected and digital dpad works with [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4138&amp;forum=2&amp;post_id=35952#forumpost35952 joystick and testjoystick tests] but  the second analog control is not mapping correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue Hack - hardware buggy not useable}} 
| Dual shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested. Nothing picked up upon plugging it in. Quite common, these items have grounding issues or feed voltage back into the USB host and freeze the host controller, preventing any plugins or removals being detected. 
|-
| Gamtec SmartJoy Plus Dual PS-&gt;USB converter Red 
| 0x0925
| 0x00
| Low 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}}
| 
|-
| [http://uk.gear.ign.com/articles/700/700334p1.html Lik-Sang Super SmartJoy PSX] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX 
|-
| Soyo Kiki Kiky 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| eXcel PSX adaptor shaped a little like a stealth bomber with USB pass through 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Venom 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Dragon Plus (Radio Shack) Pantherlord GreenAsia USB to PS2/PS3 converter single black cable
| 0x0e8f
| 0x03
| 1.07
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| 
|-
| Deal Extreme 2 PSX black cables from 1 USB port
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HDE 2014 Personal Communication Systems Inc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0810
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Same as single cable above but with black block midway along cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC001 Super Joy Box 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC016 Super Joy Box arrowhead triangle twin PSX] Original was lack with RED Leds. Clones Dilong pu203, Blue HDE Neewer ShineData SD-APS2USB, Red Octane and Black PC Power Box (NS3454) '''embossed circle''' on top 
| 0x0810
| 0x0001
| 1.06
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows one PS port does not work with analog control at all but the other port does and maps correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works }}
| Still available 2013, poor construction though, falls to pieces easily. Dual Shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd [http://www.mayflash.com/pc/pc038/pc038-1.htm Mayflash PC038 Super Joy Box Pro triangle twin PSX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PC006 long V-shaped 4 port PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter  
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PRO PC039 PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion 
|- 
| Boom PSX+N64 USB converter (purple or blue see through box) (2003/4) - red led for psx and green led for n64
| 0x6666
| 0x0667
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|not detected by Tests/joystick}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue hack }}
| Rumble Pak untested
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/TrioLinkerPlus2.htm EMS Trio Linker Plus II] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4753&amp;forum=24&amp;post_id=43102#forumpost43102 ]
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1DC 1GC 1PSX but not for ddr mat games 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC043 clone HuiJia Black twin N64 converter for PC USB 
| 0x0e8f
| 0x3013
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|detected by Tests/joystick though two digital pads have their settings wrong}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works well with middle handle/grip little joystick}}
| Rumble Pack untested 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC MagicBox SuperBox 3 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| untested 1SS 1DC 1PSX }
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lik Sang SmartJoy X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0285
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SmartJoy X2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0289
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC018 Super Joy Box 9 Xbox (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work. Hub(s) 0x0288 detected but 0x0289 xbox1 joypads are not detected as hid let alone as [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62940.html xpad] or [http://pingus.seul.org/~grumbel/xboxdrv/ linux xboxdrv driver] 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC019 Super Joy Box 10 Xbox Twin ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work with the big Fatty Duke or smaller S Akebono controller(s) 
|-
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC020 Super Joy Box 11 Xbox Quad ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0604
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC035 3 in 1 Magic Joy box PS GC Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to NES [http://wiki.nesdev.com/w/index.php/Standard_controller SPI like protocol] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo Classic USB Pad SNES like 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC044 USB to SNES 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to MEGADRIVE GENESIS Joypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.retrousb.com/product_info.php?cPath=21&amp;products_id=70 USB to 9 pin ATARI RETROPORT style JOYSTICK PORT] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Atari RetroLink 9pin to SB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SLS Sega Saturn USB pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC050 Dual Saturn ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guitar Hero for PC/Mac 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1430
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x474C
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cronus Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BrookX One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Gamecube to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Magic NS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; WiiU 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Brook Converter WiiU P3 P4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CooV Xbox One Converter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* [http://www.bemanistyle.com/forum/f6/best-metal-pad-19066/ Metal dance pads with LEDs] - My My Box Blue Shark (Nexen), Cobalt Flux (CF) (Let's Groove), Red Octane Afterburner, TX-2000, Logic3 (Dance Dance Dance), Gamerose (Stay Cool), 
* Hard foam mat - [http://www.mayflash.eu/3in1-deluxe-dansmat-ignition-foam-ps2xboxpc-p-5.html Mayflash] FutureMax Deluxe 3 in 1 Ignition, [http://www.gamerose.com/ Gamerose] (Stay Cool), TrinPad orange, 
* Soft foam mat - Logic3 (PS420N), [http://www.positivegaming.com/index.php?id=36 Positive Gaming Impact],  Gamerose Miss Daisys Naki (Stay Cool), Pelican, MadCatz

*PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 flex ribbon big source of button/trigger issues with all controllers 
*PS2 Phat KSA1Q40A (Board), SA1Q33A (Membrane) SCHP-10010 H 
*PS2 SA1Q42A SCHP-10010 A 
*PS2 SA1Q43-A SCHP-10010 H


The primary axes are either the Control Pad or the left stick. Buttons come in a rough order: face buttons, then shoulder buttons, then Select and Start, then buttons under sticks, and finally Control Pad directions if not assigned to a hat. But the order and number of buttons within a category are unpredictable, as is which button the user expects to use for each action.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Joypad 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | HATS 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 01
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 02
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 03
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 04
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 05
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 06
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 07
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 08
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 09
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 10
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 11
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 12
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 13
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 14
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 1 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 2 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 3 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 4 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 5 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 6 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Comment 
|-
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 
| A (down-green) 
| B (right-red) 
| X (left-blue) 
| Y (up-yellow) 
| LB (white) 
| RB (black) 
| Back
| Start
| Guide 
| L3
| R3
| 
| 
| 
| Left X 
| Left Y
| LT
| Right X
| Right Y 
| RT 
| Poor 2D, Good 3D 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis GamePad / Original PlayStation Controller 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Red (Sqleft)
| Yellow X (X down)
| Green O (O right)
| Blue (Tri up)
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Older Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Blue X (down) 
| Red O (right) 
| Pink Sq (left) 
| Green Tri (up) 
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start 
| Stick 1
| Stick 2
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Newer Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Up
| Right
| Down
| Left
| L2
| R2
| L1
| R1
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| Stick 1 (analogue Hack) 
| Stick 2 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; Wish Technologies N64 Adaptoid 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt; A
| C Down
| C Right
| B
| C Left
| C Up
| L
| R
| Start
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Z
| Pad Up
| Pad Down 
| Pad Left
| Pad Right 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

Just plug in your digital/analogue joystick or gamepad into USB port. The device will be handled by Poseidon USB stack. Poseidon is the USB stack with Trident adding a GUI (graphical user interface) prefs. 


the context sensitive page would come up right on pressing the help key inside the relevant window. The manual is in this archive, just in case it isn't in SYS:Locale/Help  


*How to change joystick mode to analogue?

By default a connected USB joystick emulates Amiga digital joystick. To change this behaviour so that the joystick is presented as analogue you need to use Trident preferences application (System:Prefs/Trident).

Open Trident and go to Devices on the left hand side (mouse click once on it). Select your controller from the list to the right and then click on Settings button below. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section near the bottom. Find ports which are set to &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot; and change them to &quot;Analogue Hack&quot;. 

Please note that analogue joystick support is an extension of original Amiga functionality, thus an Amiga application must be explicitly written to use it. AROS SDL library uses this functionality, thus all SDL applications that use joystick, can use the analogue joystick feature.

The HID class has several options how to handle the input data: 

* Don't touch: The movement and button data for is not modified by the hid class. This is the default for the ports 0, 2, and 3. 

* Overwrite with USB: This will kill the  original  data  that  might  had  come  from  the internal  ports  and  overwrites it with the joypad data for this USB interface. Note well: If you have multiple  joypads  connected,  take care  which setting you have selected for each port, because only the last interface with this option will actually send the joypad data to the game. 

* Merge with USB: This option merges the input data of the  lowlevel.library  with  the USB  stream. This only works, if the connected device on the original Amiga  ports  is  NOT  a  mouse  (because  then   the   streams   are incompatible).  Merging  should  be  the preferred method, because it leaves the original joysticks working. 

* Disable: Turns off the port for the application.

* Analogue Hack: Tells Poseidon to force reporting  of  analogue  data  at  the  port. Please  note  that  this only works with programs that understand the analogue  data,  because  it's   an   extension   to   the   original lowlevel.library   standard   made  by  Commodore.  If  you  want  to incorporate this feature in your software, just contact me and I will send you the necessary information. 

* Rumble Port: As addition to the analogue data, the HID class  supports  applications and  games  that want to utilize a rumble pack or force feedback motors in the gamepads. This field selects to  which  lowlevel  port  the  hid device responds, when attempting to use the rumble pack. Normally, this corresponds to the port that has  been  set  in  the  actions  for  the joypad.


*How to change joystick port assignment?

The low  level  library  supports up to four ports. Port 0 is usually used by the mouse, port 1 is the standard port for joysticks/joypads. By default a connected USB joystick is present in Port 1. To change its location to Port 0 you need to use Trident preferences. 

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section. Port 1 should be set as either &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot;. Change this setting to &quot;Don't touch&quot;. Change Port 0 setting to &quot;Merge with USB&quot;.

Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. In the &quot;Reports and collection&quot; select first entry named &quot;Joystick&quot;. in the &quot;Usage items&quot; select &quot;X axis&quot;. Go to &quot;Performed actions&quot; area. On the left there will be a list of triggers. Each of them should have (port1) in their params. Click on the first trigger and using buttons to the right of the list change port1 into port 0. Repeat this for all triggers and for all items on &quot;Usage items&quot; list.


*How to make joystick simulate keyboard keys?

With Poseidon it is possible to make the joystick simulate the keyboard pressings. This might enable using joystick for playing games which only have keyboard support. This feature is configured in Trident preferences.

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. On the right top window select X axis. On the left bottom list select an entry &quot;Digital Joystick, Push left(port 1)&quot;. On the panel to the right change &quot;Digital joystick&quot; into &quot;Raw Key&quot;. A list of keys will be displayed. Select key you wish to send. Repeat the same procedure for &quot;Digital Joystick, Release left (port 1)&quot; option but this time check &quot;Send key up even instead of key down&quot;. Open shell and move your joystick to the left - your selected letter should appear in the shell. 


*Analogue in Trident Prefs
* Open the Trident USB Prefs -&gt; Devices -&gt; Select your joypad -&gt; Settings button -&gt; Action TAB 
* See some &quot;axis&quot; listed under &quot;Usage items&quot; in the top right of the window. They are your analog stick(s) 
* Check [x] Track Incoming Events which is half way down the window on the left 
And you should see some axis activity in &quot;Usage items&quot; when you move the analog stick 


*Actions

HID class item -&gt; Settings -&gt; HID Class Window -&gt; Action Tab -&gt; Action handling area 

Reports and collections -&gt; Usage Items -&gt; Performed actions 


Qualifier keys are *special*. You don't only need to create the actual keypress but also modify the qualifiers.
Go to the keyboard panel and find the windows menu key by enabling key tracking and pressing the windows menu key. Then assign the right amiga key to it.

Go to the actions panel and find the right amiga key (it's called &quot;Keyboard right GUI&quot;). Remember the actions stored there, best write them down in exact order. Then delete them.
Find the windows menu item and add the missing qualifier action. Be sure the parameters are exactly the same and the order is right.

Set them to Raw, then assign an up and down button for each character, etc.
when you change the settings to RAW so you can assign keyboard strokes. it will always say, KEYDOWN or what ever on the left, it never provides and option for key release.

The problem still remains though that if I try to assign the Directional Pad (Hat) to Arrow Keys, that things will get screwed up and you either can not move with the directional PAD (HAT), or movements are assigned to the Left Analog, and do not work as they should, it's as if the right and down arrow keys are ALWAYS On, regardless of the fact that I did indeed assign a Key release command to each input.

check that by pressing analog directions and see the current values, and the thresholds configured in poseidon to bind them to left/right/up/down.

misconfigured too much stuff in the HID settings, you can always go in poseidon-&gt;config list entry and delete the config item related to your device (or the HID class setting itself), back to basics.


*Rumble in Trident Prefs
Open Trident Prefs and click on the Devices option in the left hand window. Click with the mouse once on your gamepad choice on the right hand side and again on the Settings button below. In the new window, select the '''General''' TAB and half way down on the right there is an &quot;Open Now&quot; button in the section &quot;HID output control window&quot;. Clicking on that button opens another window (HID Control) with sliders for the two rumble engines inside the controllers and you can test if they work. '''Sometimes clicking that button does nothing, other times it will open the window and say nothing is detected.''' The leftmost two sliders do nothing, the third one has a large rumble effect, and the fourth one has a small rumble effect.

===Graphic Drawing Tablet===

There is a standard in HID for tablets possibly mouse type. If the tablet is HID conforming in that sense, it should work. Aiptek does a fairly good job at this. The other competitor, Wacom, didn't pay too much attention to this and simply adapted their legacy serial protocol into HID in a very awkward way. Older Wacom tablets have worked with the special support in the HID class, but not the more recent ones. 

 to use graphic tablets fully, applications need to be written that make use of the AmigaOS NewTablet events (which AROS has) 


* Entry level - A6 (6x4) work area 
* Medium A5 (6x8) A4 (10x7) size   (recommended but only a few ie years 2000 to 2003 models supported) 
* Semi Pro A3 (12x9) 
* Pro  Cintiq


* 2005/6 Some support added for Wacom tablets  
* 2008 Wacom's patent on battery free pens expires


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Micrograf Tabby (late 1980s and early 1990s) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;podscat pt 3030 graphics tablet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Summagraphics 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom IV compatible (Graphire, ArtPad, A3, A4, A5 and PenPartner CT-0405-P - Wacom intuos GD-0405-R) Waycom Digitiser II UD-0608-R
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Artpad II (KT-0405-R) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AceCad boards 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Calcomp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 8000 - Aldi/Medion MD 9310 and Aldi/Tevion LT 9310 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tablet PC penabled 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based like x61t X60t NC4200 NC4400 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PenPartner
* PenPartner 2
* PenStation 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire - Wacom Tablet ET-0405-U UV1.1-1 (Slate Blue)  ET-0405UL (lime)  (orange)  (red)  (purple) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|late 90s with A6 size - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511 under Trident prefs. Air pen mouse type movements }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Grapphire 2 4x5  ET-0405A-U UV2.0-3 (Steel Blue) 
* Graphire 2 5x7 ET-0507A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0011 and 0x0012
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0110
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 versions - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air pen mouse type movements - mouse EC-120-0K tested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire 3
* cte-430/w 4x5 pearl   sapphire 
* cte 630 6x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0013 and 0x0014 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0314
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 size - [Wacom Support] Xaxis 0-10207 yaxis 0-7423 tip pressure 0-511 and the erase end appears to respond but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| Wacom Graphire 4 
* cte-440/B Blue cte 440/s Silver 4x5
* cte-640 6x8 cte 640 u 0403 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015 and 0x0016 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;403
| {{Yes|A6 and A5 work area detected [Wacom Support] x-axis 0000-10207 Y axis 0000-7423 Tip Pressure 000-511 and delete rub out end of the pencil seems detected but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom Intuos 4x5 GD-0405 
* Intuos 6x8    GD-0608
* Intuos 9x12    GD-0912
* Intuos 12x12  GD-1212-U 
* Intuos 12x18 GD-1218
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0020 0x0021 0x0022 0x0023 0x0024 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected and responses delivered back - x axis up to 30479 and y axis 31679, tip pressure up to 1023 and x and y tilt up to 127 - Wacom intuos GD-0912-A for Apple Macs NOT SUPPORTED}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 2 4x5 A6 - XD-0405-U 
* Intuos 2 6x8 A5 - xd 0608u uoc
* Intuos 2 9x12 XD-0912-U
* Intuos 2 12x12 XD-1212-U
* Intuos 2 12x18 XD-1218-U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0041 0x0042 0x0043 0x0044 0x0045 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0126
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|various sizes and recognised as [Wacom Support] but not working. x-axis 00000-20319 y-axis 00000-16239 tip presure 0000-1023 x-tilt y-tilt 000-127.  HID mouse xc-100-03 works but never could use it as a real tablet with pressure with TVPaint 3.6 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 3 4x5 (PTZ-430) 
* Intuos 3 4x6   (PTZ-431W ) 
* Intuos 3 6x8   (PTZ-630 PTZ630) 
* Intuos 3 6x11 (PTZ-631W A3 wide)  
* Intuos 3 9x12 (A4 PTZ-930 PTZ930)  
* Intuos 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00b0 0x00b1 0x00b2 0x00b3 0x00b4 0x00b5
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No}} Actions in HID setup window definitively locks the Pointer (mouse) reports settings and even after a clear and save, nothing changes, the configuration returns to default values.  &quot;[Wacom]&quot; reports don't see any events from the tablet, even with &quot;Pointer&quot; reports cleared and save, so is locked a in &quot;mouse&quot; state - but can send a special command to the tablet in order to put it into a special vendor mode. This mode enables Wacom specificities like pressure, tilt, absolute position, buttons, etc... you should send an HID report feature with ReportID=2 and data=2, the current HID class driver doesn't give a way to change that, even using the &quot;initial startup actions&quot; item in the extra collection. No listed features work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Volito - Promethean FT-0405-U06 UV1.4-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0060
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0141
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - appears to be the budget option with some but limited features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Volito 2 
* CTF-??? 2x3 
* CTF-420G CTF-420 V2.0-0 4x5
* Serif Penabled 6742 rebadge of CTF 420/020-B CTF-420/02
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0062
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - no erase function on the end of the pen - nylon nibs value option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PL-400 LCD 
* PL-500
* PL-510
* PL-550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0030 0x0031 0x0032 0x0034 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* PL-600
* PL-600 SX
* PL-700
* PL-710
* PL-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0033 0x0035 0x0036 0x0037 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Cintiq 21 UX and Cintiq Partner DTF-720
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom PenTablet Bamboo (MTE), Bamboo Craft (CTH), Bamboo Fun (CTE), Bamboo Pen (CTL) and Bamboo Pen &amp; Touch (CTH) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Bamboo Fun Medium CTE-650 
| 
| 0x0018 
| 
| {{Maybe|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Fun Small CTE-450 white 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo One CTF-430 V2.0-0 CTF 430/S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0069
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A5 wired air pen and acts like a mouse only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 4 
* Small PTK-440 PTK-540
* Medium - PTK-640 - PTK 540WL Wireless - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  Intuos4 surface sheet was revised in October 2010 to reduce nib wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 5 Touch 
*
* Medium - PTH-650 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0027 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested work, however wireless may glitch or drag }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro Medium - PTH-651 - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Small Pen Tablet - MTE 450 MTE-450A (MTE-450/k) - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0065
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0116
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 work area - mouse movement but no pen detection except x-axis 2 to -2 and y-axis 2 to -2 - mini usb lead - 4 blue led lit buttons not detected as well as circular touch button??  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Pen CTL 460
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested all Bamboo versions were criticized for the drawing surface's roughness (which got smoother over time), which caused the small pressure-sensitive 'nib' to wear down, and become slanted or scratchy in the same way as pencil lead, albeit more slowly}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Fun CTH-461/S wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00D2
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 size - Pen tracking not working but finger touch works }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Connect Pen Tablet CTL-470 CTL-470K 470-DE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 470K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom CTH 480/S wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} lithium battery for pad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pen Small CTL-480/S CTL 480 K wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x030E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected as Intuos PS  but not working although the RHS blue led responds to pen on tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 490 PK S Photo - CTH-490CK-S Comic - CTH-490AK-S Art 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested lower hovering height pen nibs wear fast and input lag/responsiveness}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intuos Pen &amp; Touch Medium - CTH-680 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit work 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro (PTH-660 and PTH-860) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 10.6&quot;
    Genius G-Pen M609
    Genius G-Pen M609X
    iVista Media Tablet 10.6
    Aiptek MediaTablet 10000u

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0501
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x172F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0034
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x1105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 12 by 9&quot; 
    Aiptek HyperPen 12000u T-12000U Tablet Series 
    Nisis T-12000u USB Tablet Series Version 1.05 (aiptek rebadged)

    Trust item #1535
    ADESSO Cyber Tablet 12000 Graphic design tablet
    iVista Media Tablet 12
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2003
    Genius G-Pen M712
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0500, 0x08ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet, untested with others  - Puck (mouse) x axis 0000 to 6000 y axis 0000 to 6000 - stylus (pen) x axis 00000 to 12000 y axis 00000 to 12000 tip pressure 0000 to 1023 - 16 function keys - AAA battery needed for pen and another for the mouse}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 14.1&quot; v5.1e
    Genius G-Pen M714X
    Aiptek MediaTablet 14000u WMK-H141 
    Trust item #15358
    Adesso CyberTablet 14000 M14
    iVista Media Tablet 14.1
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2004

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0X172f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0500
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet - Stylus (Pen) X 16838 Y 16838 Tip Pressure 1023 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0038
    Genius G-Pen F509
    Manhattan 177405

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0038
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0052
    Yiynova MSP19

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0052
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Q Pad
    Aiptek HyperPen Mini
    NGS Flexi Style
    VisTablet PenPad
    iVistaTablet Q Flex Pad
    Bravod Q-PD65-S
    Trust Flex Design Tablet (#16937)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0037
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Sirius Battery Free Tablet
    VisTablet Muse
    PENTAGRAM Designer P 2700
    Princeton PTB-S1BK

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0502
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F610
    Trust Slimline Widescreen Tablet (#16529)
    VisTablet Original 12&quot;
    Adesso CyberTablet Z12
    Adesso CT-Z12A
    PenPower Tooya Pro
    Aiptek Slim 12.1 Inch
    Aiptek SlimTablet 600u Premium II
    NGS Slim Proguess
    iVistaTablet Slim 12.1
    PENTAGRAM ThinType P 2006

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0034
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 5.8&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F350
    Trust item #16485
    VisTablet Mini
    iVistaTablet Slim 5.8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0032
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Venus S Tablet
    Trust eBrush Widescreen Tablet (#17939)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0503
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aiptek GmBH MediaTablet Ultimate II - 16:10 Professional Graphic Tablet Model 1400U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hanvon Beijing HanWang HW Micro Drawing Tablet ET0504U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b57
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8030
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;01111
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|does not work - recognised as an HID mouse - no tablet extensions detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KYE EasyPen 340, Genius EasyPen 340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0458:5014
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| Aiptek Hyper Pen 6000u PC Tablet APT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|detected but does not work - win98 era cordless 6in by 4.5in - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nisis T-8000U APT-2 Aiptek rebadge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08CA
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected but no responses }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acecad Flair II GT-504 Init Fkt  Fkt 0x5ab450c0
AIPTEK HyperPen 10000 U
Aiptek HyperPen 10000U, 
AIPTEK Slim Tablet U600 Premium II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Cad Enterprise Co., Ltd Tablet - 5x3.75 drawing area 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bosto's 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} UCLogic Digitizer 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Adesso CyberTablet Z7, Adesso CyberTablet 12000, Adesso CT-12000A  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic / Lapazz WP8060, UC-Logic / Lapazz PF1209, UC-Logic / Lapazz Artistic Tablet 5540,   Manhattan 8&quot;x6&quot;, Manhattan 3&quot;x4&quot;, Manhattan
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but suspect not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiPro 5.5×4” Graphics Tablet
Digital Ink Pad (A4 format) 
DigiPro WP8060, DigiPro WP5540,  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-pen
G-Pen 4500
Genius Wizardpen
Genius Mousepen
Genius Easypen i405 M610 
Genius PenSketch 9x12, Genius MousePen i608, Genius MousePen 8x6, Genius MousePen / WizardPen 5x4, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-Pen F610
Genius G-Pen M610 
Genius G-Pen 340 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP4030U)
Genius G-Pen 450 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius
UC-LOGIC
iBall Tablet PF8060
iBall
Iball Pen Tablet 8060U, Iball Pen Tablet 5540U, Iball Pen Tablet 4030U, Iball Design Tablet PF1209,
NGS CADBOY (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
Pentagram
QWare
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust TB-3100
Trust TB-5300 Trust 15356 
Trust TB-6300 Trust 15357  WP8060U  Slimline but bulky with metal backing A5 size 
Trust 16486, Trust 16447,  Sketch Design Tablet,
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|clashes with usb and crashes AROS }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic Tablet WP1062
    Aiptek HyperPen 10000U
    Monoprice 10X6.25 Inches Graphic Drawing Tablet
    Pickle 10x6.25 Inch Graphic Drawing tabletguess

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;5543:0064
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| [ VTech KidiPhoto Art Studio] 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works}}
|-
|}

Tablet has a squared lines of wires which induce a current into the pen which is then detected by the metal grid in the tablet pad. Tablets report pressure (and tilt on expensive models) and are absolute pointing devices (put the pen at the top left and the mouse pointer will go to the top left of the screen). Graphic drawing area, what keys, report rate, resolution lpi lpmm, accuracy, pressure levels (may come from the app), origin position,

Wacom tablets use electromagnetic resonance technology.  Since the tablet provides power to the pen through resonant inductive coupling, no power is required for the pointing device. As a result, no batteries are inside the pen (or the accompanying puck), making them lighter and slimmer.

Under the tablet's surface (or LCD in the case of the Cintiq) is a printed circuit board with a grid of multiple send/receive coils and a magnetic reflector attached behind the grid. In send mode, the tablet generates a close-coupled electromagnetic field (also known as a B-field) at a frequency of 531&amp;nbsp;kHz. This close-coupled field stimulates oscillation in the pen's coil/capacitor (LC) circuit when brought into range of the B-field. Any excess resonant electromagnetic energy is reflected back to the tablet. In receive mode, the energy of the resonant circuit’s oscillations in the pen is detected by the tablet's grid. This information is analyzed by the computer to determine the pen's position, by interpolation and Fourier analysis of the signal intensity.

In addition, the pen communicates information such as pen tip pressure, side-switch status, tip vs. eraser orientation and ID number (to differentiate between different pens, mice, etc.). For example, applying more or less pressure to the tip of the pen changes the value of the pen's timing circuit capacitor. This signal change can be communicated in an analog or digital method. An analog implementation modulates the phase angle of the resonant frequency, while a digital method is communicated to a modulator that distributes the information digitally. The tablet forwards this and other relevant tool information in packets, up to 200 times per second, to the computer.


If you disable (delete all of them except for one that needs to be set to &quot;no action&quot;, so that it will not be regenerated as default) the Extra Startup actions, the tablet should remain in relative mouse mode—you will not get pressure information in that mode though. [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/highway_usb/message/2394]}}


=== Handheld Barcode Scanner Readers ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Farsun 9100 barcode scanner 0-12&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola Symbol LS2203 CMOS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tysso 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Simple}} Code 11, Code 39, Code 93, Code 128, Coda Bar, UPC-A, UPC-E, EAN-8, EAN-13, MSI/Plessey, Telepen, Interleaved 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Matrix 2 of 5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unitech MS320 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WCS3905 CCD 1&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Code 93, Matrix 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Code 39, UCC/EAN-128, ISBN, Code 32, EAN/JAN-8 , EAN/JAN-13 , UPC-A, UPC-E, Codabar, Code 128, Code 11, Interleaved 2 of 5, MSI-Plessey, China Post, IATA 2 of 5, ISSN, UK-Plessey 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic Touch 90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intermec  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Metrologic MK9540-32A38 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola LS2208 Laser 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WWS800 Laser 1D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic GD4130-BK-C066 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell 1202G-1USB-5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola / Symbol DS6707-DC20007ZZR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DataMan 8000 2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Voyager 9520/40 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Metrologic MS1690 USB 2D Barcode Scanner  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} QR Code GS1 Databar PDF417
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Syscan GM800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

[http://www.scandit.com/2011/11/04/types-of-barcodes-choosing-the-right-barcode-type-ean-upc-code128-itf-14-or-code39/ Types of Barcode]

&lt;pre&gt;
UPC-A       Grocery most common 
Code 128    
EAN-13      Library Books ISBN &amp; ISSN, 
Code 39     
Codabar     blood bank,

2D barcodes such as 
Data Matrix 
PDF417e     
Maxicode    
Aztec       
QR Code     old Nokia handsets, 
MicroPDF417 
&lt;/pre&gt;


===TouchScreens===

Projected capacitive (PCAP) touch screen product, amongst many options the widely used are I2C and USB 

*USB host–device structure which dominates consumer and industrial electronics devices where higher bandwidth needed and user-friendly (multiswipes)
*I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit simple serial standard for LCD display in embedded systems because of cost and low power 
*SPI arduino and rpi single boards 

We cover the USB here 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| eGalax Touch 4a
| 0eef 
| 0001 
| 0001
| {{yes|2009 works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lilliput HDMI Monitors
669GL-70NP/C/T (7 inch)
869GL-80NP/C/T (8 inch)
FA1011-NP/C/T (10 inch)
FA1046-NP/C/T (10 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iilyama Prolite Monitors
PROLITE T1513SR-1 (15 inch)
PROLITE T1730 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1713SR-1 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1913SR-1 (19 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Smart Display Company (SDC) Touchscreens TFT Monitors
TOUCH-TFT-TS07 (7 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS08 (8 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS10 (10 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS12 (12 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS15 (15 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS17 (17 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS19W (19 inch wide)
TOUCH-TFT-TS22W (22 inch wide)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC Monitors 7 inch models
700TSH
700TSU
700TSV
702TSV
705TSV
706TSA
700IDT
MDT-X7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC 
8 inch models:
800TSV
805TSV

10 inch models:
1020TSV
1026TSA
1040TS

12 inch models:
1200TS
1200TR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus VT229H 21.5&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CUQI 7&quot; Monitor Touchscreen 1024x600 IPS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Espresso 15&quot; Portable Touchscreen Display Monitor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hannspree HT225HPB 21.5 inch
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WaveShare 13.3inch HDMI LCD (H) (with case)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===GPS tracking, running, cycling, biking, walking, hiking, ORIENTEERING, boaters and mapping===

Support for OpenStreetMap but not for Ordnance Survey, Map Pilot or National Geographic's Topo maps data gdb,

Data output supported nmea 0183 V1.5 APA, V1.5 XTE and V2.1 GSA formats, gpx, kml/kmz, tracks from tcx files, geo: URIs,  
NMEA0183(which is RS232, voltages range from -15 volts to 15 volts, 4800 baud), or need NMEA sentences connected to your computer

other method that some units support is a special serial cable that actually emits raw RS232 NMEA. These usually take 10-&gt;30 volts input, can run the unit, and have full voltage I/O for RS232 (not like spanner mode, which effectively turns the unit into a USB-&gt;Serial adapter inside the case).

Equivalent apps - merkator, mapsource,

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin gpsmap 180 GPS/chart plotter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;1992 GARMIN GPS 55 AVD Portable System 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - waas pinpoint within 3 metres - nmea - 4AA battery}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 12 12XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Legend C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eMap 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|possibly through usbmodem rs232 connection nmea 0183 protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} rs232 these older units supported it and would provide the stream in either the standard NMEA 0183 format or a proprietary Garmin format.
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 75 AVD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Map 7000 model 45006 (1994) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Tracker
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Pioneer Satellite Navigator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS 300 315 320 Mentor Receiver (2003) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Not for dedicated sat nav units like the Nuvi, TomTom, etc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NaviLock NL-402U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested u-blox 5 SuperSense® chipset with receivers for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM1-86UB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| U-BLOX UB-6010 GGA,GSA,GSV, RMC and support VTG, GLL, TXT ublox binary and NMEA Command Dynamic Condition }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NAVILOCK GPS NL-602U USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works via usbmodem.device - ublox ag 6 chipset - 50 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TOPGNSS ton Receiver &amp; Antenna GM702  u-blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|UBLOX7020 chip design bloc u-blox}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-162 G-MOUSE u blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|UBX G70xx with RMC VTG GSV TXT GLL GGA GSA}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-172 u-blox 7 G7020-KT gps gnss white pen stick receiver - over 1 inch long 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A| detected as cdc controlled plug in device - 18x18x2mm patch antenna but can be slow to update - nmea 0183 and ublox binary protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GlobalSat BU-353 WaterProof USB GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested SiRF Star III}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haicom HI-206 USB GPS receiver with RS-232 interfaces, RJ11 and PS/II connector EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|usb-serial prolific pl2303 detected but GSP3F SiRF Star IV technology not detected or bound}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BT760Y, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 5 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 6 GPS chipset - 65 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 7 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 8 GPS chipset - 167 channels}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Colorado 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Geko 101 201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} limited waas enabled only - waypoints - aaa battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Edge 200 bike mount 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin ForeRunner 10 15 watch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Montana 600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Dakota 10 20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Map76s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 450T  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB nmea 0183 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - no nmea0183 sentences data stream output - configuration an option to set it to &quot;Garmin&quot; mode, or &quot;Mass Storage&quot; mode. Since the mass storage mode seems to be required for waypoint/track/etc data exchange, the 'Garmin' mode would be for this data stream. Yet putting it in that mode doesnt seem to produce anything.}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 650T 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSMAP 64S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GPSMap 78S or GPSMap 76CSX which has a NMEA port for talking to Nav equipment
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex Vista Cx GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - 2AA battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSmap 276c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 2000 XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} SiRFstarIII™, Antenna Type Multidirectional Patch with WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS support 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


==massstorage.class (MSC/UMS - most cameras and mp3 players)==

=== USB Card Readers ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Installing
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Booting
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| A-Tec Model CR-362 
| 
| 
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://www.belkin.com/IWCatProductPage.process?Merchant_Id=&amp;Section_Id=200406&amp;pcount=&amp;Product_Id=179164 Belkin 15 in 1 Card Reader]
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Conrad CP440 60 in 1 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works on a1k forum}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Genesys Gtech Logic 19 in 1
| 0x05E3
| 0x0710
| High 0200
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Hama 19 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Hama 35 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integral Single Slot SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kingston USB 3.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexar microsd adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} but wider than Sandisk version - could block other slot if below 
|-
| Pretec CardDriver 
|
|
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sandisk MicroMate 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Micro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} has satisfying 'click' when microsd inserted 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Duo MicroSD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} no 'click' insertion uses pressure so future wear and tear issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena metal cased microsd only 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena &quot;Sandisk MobileMate&quot; look-alike 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| SilverCrest 16in1 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P5 8 in 1 TSRDP5K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P8 15 in 1 TSRDP8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Zyxel integralmemory 8 in 1 
| 0x0aec
| 0x3260
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|not detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

=== USB Hard Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Datel MaxDrive 
| 
| 
|  
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck 2.5 Inch USB 3.0 Hard Drive Disk Enclosure/ Case (FE2001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Full USB 3.0 port but plastic teeth keeping drive in place can snap 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE2002) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} full USB 3.0 port - updated design 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE3001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} wider USB 3.0 port and no on/off switch  Jmicron JMS578 chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Iomega Desktop Hard Drive 500GB, 3,5“, USB2.0 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung T3 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 1 space grey / black metal/ plastic 
|-
| Samsung T5 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 2 256GB 512GB alluring blue 1Tb 2Tb black unibody metal 
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Toshiba Canvio 1TB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|partition fat32 or sfs to 100GB max - ntfs partitions not detected out of the box - select usb drive in trident prefs and press disable to shutdown}}
|-
| Verbatim 160GB Smartdisk 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Western Digital USB 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Essential 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Passport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== USB DVD CD ROM Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm enclosure mini-sata dvd-rw 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;9.5mm enclosure ECD829 mini-sata dvd-rw with Initio Corporation INIC-1618L SATA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13fd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but probably needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== USB to NGFF NVMe SDD HDD DVD CD ROM Drives ===

The older Jmicron JMS539B seems to result in massive filesystem corruption given the amount of corrupted content. Prehaps always avoided Jmicron and opted for Asmedia even if it costed a bit more. Realtek seems to be working okay for me generally speaking and newer Jmicron chipsets are less buggy – but evidently not perfect. 

From [https://goughlui.com/2025/08/17/psa-validate-your-storage-jmicron-jms583-kioxia-bg4-series-ssd-issue/ thread] 

Here is a [https://forums.anandtech.com/threads/stable-nvme-usb-adapter.2572973/ very long thread] that discusses data corruption and stability issues with these bridges. The majority of the posts are complaining of dropouts, hangs and the like, which usually down to either a poor USB 3.x implementation (SuperSpeed connections are very picky as to cables, ports and trace routing) or problematic compatibility. Regardless, the [https://www.legitreviews.com/jmicron-jms583-controller-version-matters-for-portable-usb-drives_219422 JMS583 is known to have several versions] noting that the last revision (C) in that article is a 2021 release which should fix earlier stability and cable quality compatibility issues. 
JMS583-STD-Release-v00.02.01.04-Bus Power.bin is the latest JMS583 firmware as of August 2025. 

Early firmware RTL9210 seems to have issues as well 


* RTL9210B
* JMS583 rev1 with firmware A2 or A3  

* RTL9210A
* JMS583 firmware 2.0.9 
* Asmedia ASM2362

* RTL9201A


The reference Hardware ID for the JMS583 chipset from JMicron is:
VID_152D&amp;PID_0583&amp;REV_0209
where &quot;VID_152D&quot; identifies a JMicron product;
&quot;PID_0583&quot; is the generation chipset;
&quot;REV_0209&quot; is the firmware version installed.

In the same way, the reference Hardware ID for the RTL9210 from Realtek is:
VID_0BDA&amp;PID_9210&amp;REV_3100
&quot;VID_0BDA&quot; is for a Realtek product, &quot;PID_9210&quot; is referred to the chipset and &quot;REV_3100&quot; to the firmware.


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM1153E / ASM1153 with firmware 140509_A1_82_40 or 141126_A1_EE_82. Both supports UASP and TRIM on USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM235CM Ugreen aluminum bridging the USB3.2 Gen2x1 to Serial ATA host interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI 9261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM225
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS578 issues USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0578
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|needs fixing on pi4 storage quirks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS576 issues USB 3 to usb-c adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0576
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|orico}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS562 JMicron Technology Corp
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0562
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS561U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1561
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VL716Q4 Orico black meshed aluminum usb c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053E 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASmedia ASM1051E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1536
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM104x
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1042 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown Chinese version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0bc2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2312 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron N5321 gr
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xa583
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Initio Corp INIC-1618L mini slimline sata 6 + 7 pins to usb2 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13FD
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb2 detects 201x laptop DVD as MassStorage(CD/DVD) but may need powered USB hub}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown mini sata to usb3 adaptor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x01F75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0621
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0036 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb3 detects 201x notebook DVD drive as MassStorage(SCSI) but 5V 1.5Amp needs powered hub to burn }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== External Floppy ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://techtravels.org/amiga/amigablog/ Amiga Floppy Project]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/driver/media/Catweasel_AROS_V1.2 Catweasel Mk4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xE159
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x00
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=driver/storage works]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Catweazle MK4plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|  driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hxc2001.free.fr/floppy_drive_emulator/ HxC Floppy Emulator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.softpres.org/glossary:kryoflux KyroFlux]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung SFD-321U/EP USB Floppy
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.cbmstuff.com/proddetail.php?prod=SCP SuperCard Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/greaseweazle Greaseweazle STM hardware], [https://cowlark.com/fluxengine/index.html Greaseweasel support], [https://github.com/keirf/greaseweazle python software], [https://amigakit.amiga.store/greaseweazle-p-91279.html buy], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB FLOPPY DISK DRIVE (USB External Floppy Disk) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/SukkoPera/OpenFlops OpenFlops] with [https://github.com/keirf/flashfloppy FlashFloppy] Gotech clone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/hmerrett/HenryFlops HenryFlops reworked OpenFlops] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/tebl/Amiga-DrawBridge DrawBridge aka Arduino Amiga Floppy Disk Reader/Writer] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| arduino based hardware }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FL-2501 USB Portable Diskette Drive  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 usb - [https://amiga.robsmithdev.co.uk/ Drawbridge] [https://github.com/RobSmithDev/ArduinoFloppyDiskReader software] ribbon cable compat with p/n 19308801-19 and s/n U356244 - model ASM P/N 27l4226 and FRU P/N 05k9283 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Floppy Drive Module USB External 3.5&quot; - Teac FD-05PUB 1.44mb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 usb 1.1 
|-
|}


==ptp.class (PTP and MTP - other cameras and mp3 players)==

=== Cameras ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 350D (also known as the Digital Rebel XT/Kiss Digital N) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 DIGIC II processor 8-megapixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot A430 A560 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 400D (XTi) digital SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1000D also known as Rebel XS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2mp 720p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 450D aka Rebel Xsi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 12.2mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot S90 S95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 2010 720p video - 10Mpixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot SD960 IS Digtal ELPH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 Still Image: Exif 2.2 (JPEG), Movie: MOV (Image: H.264; Audio: Linear PCM) Lithium-ion Battery Pack NB-4L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 500D aka Rebel  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 1080p 15.1MP Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 550D 600D aka Rebel T2i T3i DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010-2011 1080p 18MP Lithium LP-E8 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot S100 S110 S120  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011-2013 720p-1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1100D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T3 SLR, EOS Kiss X50 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p 10Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 650D 700D aka Rebel T4i T5i T6i SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2013 1080p 18Mpixels Lithium LP-E8 articulating flip out twistable screen }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon ELPH 300 HS (IXUS 220 HS) 230 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 blogging camera }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013  12.1 MP CMOS, DIGIC 5 Wifi Lithium Battery Pack NB-9L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7 X, G7X-II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014-2016 1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1300D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T6 SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 1080p 16Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7x G5X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| G7X flip up and G5X flip out - same batteries - no external microphone input - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS M3 M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| flip out - same batteries - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 60D 70D 80D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 6D 7D 8D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 5D Mark II III IV DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix A850
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FujiFilm Finepix F100fd
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix F810
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xf1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| pocketable exr cmos 12mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt1  x-t1  x10 x-t10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujifilm x100 x100s x100t 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xPro1 xPro2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt2 / x-t2 x-t20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoPro HERO 3 HERO4 HERO 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D100, D60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 Compact flash storage - non interchangeable lenses up to 12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D50, D50x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005  storage - 6.1MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D70, D80, D90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 Compact flash storage - 10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D40, D40x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  storage -  10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D300, D700
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008  storage -  12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D2Xs, D2Hs, D3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006-2008  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 720p video unlike D3000 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16mpixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16.2mp 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L26 L27 L28 L29 L31 Coolpix compact cameras 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video - 2 AA - pocket sized }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3100   
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video 14.2mp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5100 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16.2mp  720p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L810 L820 L830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7100 D7200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 up to 24.2mp 1080p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 1080p 24MPixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5200 D5300  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D800 D600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 1080p video sd card storage - dust/oil issue at start}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3300 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24.2MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D500, a high-performance DX-format (APS-C) DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5500 D5600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016-2018 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D810 D610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 1080p video sd card storage }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K UHD video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D900 D850 D820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4k 46MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus C-370 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3.2mp }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Camedia C-725 Ultrazoom
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3mp aa batteries, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 8mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-410 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-510
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 10MP Live MOS sensor with TruePic III processor,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-420
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-620
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 12.3mp, compactflash, xD and microdrive cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-450 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10mp,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax * ist DS DSLR camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K10D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 10.2mp APS-C CCD no video and older manual Pentax K-mount lenses}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2008 14.6MP APS-C but no video recording mode }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K30 K-5 II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 16MP full HD (1080p) recording at 24/25/30 fps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24MP  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 III
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 25.7MP BSI CMOS sensor  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix LZ10 LZ20 DMC-LZ30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ1 TZ5  TZ9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix GH1 GH2 like the DMC-GH2HEB-K - GH3 DMC-GH3HEB-K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Four Thirds (GH2)  MFT Micro Four Thirds (GH3) limited to 29mins recording }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic AF series AF100 AF101 AF102 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 DMC-G3 G5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic DMC LX7 10 LX15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GF7 GX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic G80 G85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 - shooting in MOV or MP4 formats recording limited to sd card size but split files because the FAT32 file system only supports files up 4GB in size, which amounts to around 5 minutes of 4K (100mbps) footage - GH4 appears to create 4GB files as a rule, regardless of whether the memory card’s file system supports larger files or not - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH5 gx80 gx85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Effective: 20.3 Megapixel 5184 x 3888 - 2 sd card slots compatible with high-speed, high capacity UHS-II - sd card v rating like the v90 should record at 60MB/s to be compatible with the GH5 in the All-I format - possible file corruption with .mdt files - new firmware 2.0 update, the Panasonic GH5 becomes the first 5K - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic FZ2000 FZ2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung WB100 WB1100 WB150 WB2200 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung NX11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung  NX200, NX20, NX1000 and NX210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 20.3Mp APS-C sized CMOS image sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo Xacti CG65
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cyber-shot DSC camera models W110 W220 H300 H400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A230
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A290 DSLR Camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 14.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX20V HX30V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 18mp 720p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX50V HX60V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 20.2MP 1080p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A77 A99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony WX100 WX150 wx220 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 2014 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-6 Sony NEX-7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16 to 24MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-3N Sony NEX-5N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α58 Sony α68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 20.1 MP  2014 24mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk III 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1MP 1.0-type back-illuminated Exmor R CMOS sensor, often after boot-up, the motor starts running for no reason for first versions' -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α5000 a5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1 Megapixel APS-C Exmor APS HD CMOS 1080p Sony E-mount [https://github.com/ma1co/Sony-PMCA-RE hack] using [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8M4hR9HiOzM this] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6000 a6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP APS-C sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7S a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α77 II, α99 II, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24.3 MP,  2016 42.4mp   }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk IV V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RX0 RX zero, RX0 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2017 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6500 a6500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP APS-C sensor 4K }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 Alpha 7 II E-mount interchangeable lens mirrorless camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7Sii a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony a7 III α77 ILCE7M3/B Full-Frame Mirrorless Interchangeable-Lens Camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 24mm optical zoom, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 entry-level vlogging, 1-inch 20.1MP, ultra-wide 20mm f/2 prime lens}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}

&lt;pre &gt;
Lens Mounts

Canon EF EF-S
Nikon F 
Panasonic 
Olympus OM 
Pentax DA, FA, F, A, M, and K series
Fujifilm X mount 
&lt;/pre &gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Sensors

APS-C 
S35 
Full Frame 
43 Four Thirds 
M43 MFT Micro four thirds 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Digital Voice Recorder Dictaphone Dictation Machine Handheld ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested 2012 no usb }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7700 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-8600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-711PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-712PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-731PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-811
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested slide out usb-a - aaa battery - ok recordings }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-540PC Olympus VN-541PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips DVT1250
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX470
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX560
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX570 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


=== USB eBooks Readers drm free EPUB version 2.0.1 (2007), 3.0 (2011), 3.1 (2015) or [https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/ 3.3 (2024)] [https://github.com/thansen0/sample-epub-minimal epub examples] formats access ===

EPUB file format is an open standard based on XHTML for content and XML for metadata, contained in a zip file archive 

PDF v2.0 in 2017, 2009 takeover by ISO Org, 1.7 in 2006 , 1.6 in 2005, 1.4 in 2001, 1.3 in 1999, 1.0 in 1993 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch NST BNRV300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;when finding the right micro usb cable that works, internal nook memory not accessible but sd card fat32 readable and writable outside 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 6in 600x800 e-ink 16 grayscale .jpg}} battery remove sd card and Torx T5 back top for Cameron Sino CS-BNR003SL - USA 1.2.2 md5sum 351e26527e80156183e74be2da2ce89f *nook_1_2_update.zip - 1.2.1 UK fdba3981f7f221cc5143db6329645bc2 *nook_1_2_update.zip - skip registration, Turn on the device, but do NOT start setting it up. Hold down the top right button on the front of the device and slide your finger from left to right across the top of the E Ink screen. A ‘Factory’ button should appear in the top left corner of the screen. Press it. Once in the Factory menu, hold down the top right button on the front of the device and tap the bottom right corner of the screen should now see a ‘Skip Oobe’ button. Tap that and the Nook should finally load the home screen. Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch with Glowlight 
*2012 Nook Simple Touch with GlowLight BNRV350 
*2013 Nook GlowLight BNRV500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004 0x0007 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 untested }} perform a hard reset: Turn off the nook completely, turn it on, as soon as you see the screen flash begin holding the bottom page turn buttons until the screen flashes with a message asking reset, press the 'n' key twice to start the reset - Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nook Glowlight 4 Plus 7.8-inch screen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*NOOK 1st Edition (2009-2018) BNRZ100
*NOOK Color (2010-2024) BNRV200
*NOOK Tablet (8GB/16GB) (2011-2024) BNTV250A / BNTV250
*NOOK HD (2012-2024) BNTV400 
*NOOK HD+ (2012-2024) BNTV600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 511EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;045e:ffff
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 untested Preferences-&gt;advanced-&gt;debug device detection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://jaforeck.wordpress.com/2012/08/05/ready-to-meet-viktor-navorski-gained-access-to-elonex-621ebs-terminal-52/ Elonex 621EB] eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1f85
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;unlocked ootb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested usb mini charging 6&quot; diagonal eInk Screen - 800 x 600 pixels, 8 Level 166dpi Paperlike screen, Embedded 1GB Flash NAND, full SD Card Slot up to 16GB - WAV, MP3, JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF support and ePub and PDF(with reflow) (TXT, HTML) support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 700eb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 untested adjust screen blanking by menu then settings then device standby, you can then turn it off}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story HD eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} freescale imx.508 arm mcimx508cvkbb cpu with 2gb samsung nand, m13892aj charging chip, eb07_main_mp1_110321 mobo, mini usb, atheros ar61026 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Rakuten Touch A/B	kobo3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Touch C, Kobo Mini, Kobo Glo N613, Kobo Aura HD N514 N204	kobo4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura, Kobo Aura H2O, kobo5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2013 6in untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v1, Kobo Glo HD, Kobo Touch 2.0, Kobo Aura ONE N709, Kobo Aura ONE Limited Edition, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v1 N236,	kobo6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v2, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v2, Kobo Nia, Kobo Clara HD, Kobo Forma, Kobo Libra H2O	kobo7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Elipsa, Kobo Sage	kobo8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Kobo Libra 2  kobo9, Kobo Clara 2E	kobo10, Kobo Elipsa 2E	kobo11
*Kobo Libra Colour	kobo13, Kobo Clara BW, Kobo Clara Colour	kobo12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pandigital Personal eReader aka? Papyre 6.2 very similar to BQ Avant Firmware
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 350 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 epub bbeb cbz untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K1 D00111 - Main Menu=: Settings: Menu=: Device Info shows S/N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;256mb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2007 untested Marvell Xscale PXA255}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K2, D00511 170-1012-00, D00701 D00801 S11S01B  
* k2 means K2 US
* k2i means K2 GW
* dx means KDX US
* dxi means KDX GW
* dxg means KDX Graphite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested Freescale i.MX31 }} the Kindle is a small computer running Linux 2.6 on an ARM processor
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMAZON Kindle D00901 3rd Gen with keyboard - Menu, Settings for S/N and then Menu again to choose Update 
* S/N starts B006 means k3g aka K3 3G US 
* S/N starts B008 means k3w aka K3 WiFi 
* S/N starts B00A means k3gb aka K3 3G UK EU 
 - debug mode with ;debugON and ~help
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;{{yes|4Gb internal no access until jailbroken JB}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 with mobi and azw3 formats only - micro usb 5v 0.85a - freescale i.mx35 ARM soc with 12bit parallel interface with epson e-ink cpu, 256MB synchronous dynamic RAM, 4GB eMMC internal memory only but no sd slot, MC13892 PMIC - atheros wifi 54mbit pci-e a e keyed wifi - ?? later models wm96103 audio codec - display has 2Mbit serial memory ic on ribbon cable with 4bpp inverse grayscale display not touchscreen - 3g module - screen replacement really annoying - 4 test points near T07 = TX RX GND ? - as of 2025, JB v0.13.N, MKK2014, MKK2025, KUAL, KoReader Legacy2025, and maybe later SS v0.47.N, Python 0.14.N, Fonts v5.16.N, USBNet v0.57.N - USB-downloader mode when Vol+ is pressed during startup - Shift + Alt + M for Minesweeper - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle 4th Generation k4 D01100 two buttons, square movement and two buttons at bottom 
*B00E 
plastic back clipped in [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV1dyNkjjro many places] and strongly taped down to battery cover 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb with USB MS, USBMS aka also known as USB MSC or UMS
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 once back off use Torx T5 to remove battery cover screws - battery glued down S2011-001-A 515-1058-01 DR-A015 MC-265360 - Freescale i.MX508 SOC, 2Gb eMMC storage, 256MiB of LPDDR1, MC13892 PMIC - vendor modified u-boot imximage based on u-boot v2009.08 - USB-downloader mode press the fiveway down button during startup resetmykindle - as of 2025 upgrade firmware from 4.1.x and to 4.1.4, sign into account and copy jb.1.8 bits, mkk-2014, mkk-2025, kual and then uninstall kual, koreader2025 - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5th Gen) D01200 K5, KT
*Once signed into an Amazon Account get S/N under Settings -&gt; Device Options
*B00F 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (U.S. and Canada) [Mostly]
*B011 	Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5)
*B010 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (Europe) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 touchscreen i.MX508 SOC, 256MiB of LPDDR1 and USB-downloader mode by the SOC microcode when a specific key is pressed during startup: the home button on model D01200 - update firmware 5.3.2 to 5.3.7.3, access account, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] PW 
&lt;pre&gt;
B024 	Kindle PaperWhite WiFi 
B01B 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
B020 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Brazil) 
B01C 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Canada)
B01D 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Europe)
B01F 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Japan)
&lt;/pre&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0007
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 Freescale i.MX508 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 2 (2013) PW2 
*B0D4, 90D4 WiFi (U.S., Intl.) 
*B05A, 905A WiFi (Japan)
*B0D5, 90D5 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B0D6, 90D6 3G + WiFi (Canada] 
*B0D7, 90D7 3G + WiFi (Europe)
*B0D8, 90D8 3G + WiFi (Russia)
*B0F2, 90F2 3G + WiFi (Japan)
*B017, 9017 WiFi (4GB) (U.S., Intl.)
*B060, 9060 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Europe)
*B062, 9062 3G + WiFi (4GB) (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B05F, 905F 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Canada)
*B061, 9061 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Brazil) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb or 4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| PW2 uses Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 3 PW3 i.e. Kindle 7th gen 
*G090G1 (2015) WiFi 
*G090G2 (2015) 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] 
*G090G4 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Mexico)
*G090G5 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Europe, Australia) 
*G090G6 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Canada)
*G090G7 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KB (2015) WiFi 
*G090KC (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KE (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090KF (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090LK (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) 
*G090LL (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) White 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ease up glued down front bezel rim panel gently, remove 11 screws underneath and lift screen up from bottom end - battery underneath -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 4 (2018) PW4
*G000PP, G8S0PP WiFi, 8GB
*G000T6, G8S0T6 WiFi, 32GB
*G000T1  WiFi+4G, 32GB
*G000T2  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Europe)
*G00102  WiFi, 8GB (India)
*G000T3  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Japan)
*G0016T, G8S16T WiFi, 8GB Twilight Blue
*G0016Q, G8S16Q WiFi, 32GB Twilight Blue
*G0016U  WiFi, 8GB Plum
*G0016V, G8S16V WiFi, 8GB Sage 
*G00103  WiFi, 32GB (India) 
*G0016R  WiFi, 32GB Plum
*G0016S  WiFi, 32GB Sage 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Oasis 2 and 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| NXP i.MX7D  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8110  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle 11 Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8113 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite Gen 11 and 12 - Signature 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16Gb or 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 account not blocked,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Modos-Labs Modos Labs] open source e-ink 60Hz 75Hz caster controller and glider monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xteink X3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.xteink.com Xteink X4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 4.3in 220ppi no touchscreen so [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7RuokaVauo buttons navigation] - 650mAh battery - micro-sd slot up to 512Gb covering epub, txt, and jpg in directories with [https://github.com/crosspoint-reader crosspoint reader] esp32 cpu custom rom firmware using [https://xteink.dve.al/ Flash website] on usb-c but no ecosystem store 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon D01400 Kindle Fire (1st Generation) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 too old }} android 2.3 and touchscreen digitizer fails often, battery SWE P/N 1002000004742 Model KC1 (EU) QP01 (US) 16.28whr, ti 257epl9l omap 4430 with elpida 88164b3pf-10-f88164b3pf or hynix,  mobo ??,, DAOKC1MB8F0 Rev F, ti aic3110 audio codec, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Fire 7in X43260 X43Z60 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested FireOS Android 4 omap 4460 and PowerVR SGX540}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Fire HD (3rd Gen) P48WVB4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD10 (2015) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2015)	
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2015)	(5th Generation) 7 inch 8GB SV98LN 
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2014)	
*Amazon Fire HD6 (2014) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested android 5.1 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10 (2017) 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2017) 7th Gen 8 inch SX034OT 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2017) (7th Generation) 7 inch 16GB (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 (7th Generation) 7 inch 8GB WIFI Tablet (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2016)	
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Android 5.1 max 7in screen resolution of 1024 x 600, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10/10+ (2021) 
*Amazon Fire 8/8+ (2020) 
*Amazon Fire 10 (2019) 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2019) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 9th Gen 16GB M8S26G 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2018) 8th Gen 8 inch 32GB L5S83A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 9 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD 10 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire Max 11 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire 8 (2022)	
*Amazon Fire 7 (2022)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 11 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minimal Phone, Mudita Kompakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| eink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B751C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B7 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B6
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android based color eink small - 300dpi b/w 150ppi color -}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme Hibreak Pro, Hisense A9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meebook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Page Palma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf3C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go Color 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 untested 7in e-ink e-reader android tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx BooxTab Ultra X C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Note Max Air4 C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf5C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Poke6S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox MC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| color e-ink 13.3in }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 (Gen 2) Lumi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 b/w eink with front light, no EMR annd capacitance pen,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Moaan Pantone 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable Paper Pro Move 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 untested but subscriptions needed for some features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A5 X2 Manta
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A6 X2 Nomad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Vision 2 3 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Epos2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viwoods AI Paper and AI Paper Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==printer.class==

As the only printer driver that AROS supports natively is Postscript, our focus is on applications that generally output postscript formatted data for printing purposes. 
There has been an attempt at recent AirPrint support 

*Inkjet 


*Laser 


Start simple and then test every higher level...

* can if you ping your printer (the IP addy is good)?
* set up LPR/IPP to talk to that known good IP address.
* see if you can copy a few words of plain ASCII text to the IPP/LPR device (do you have a connection)?
* see if you can find a simple postscript file and then copy it to the IPP/LPR device.
* see if you can set up to print directly to the IPP/LPR device (set &quot;Output file&quot; to PRT: or LPR:).
* see if you can set up a PS printer config to the IPP/LPR device.
* go back and try the tests with the other driver (LPR or IPP).


See [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_drive7.htm here] for compatibility with TP7 (TurboPrint 7) Last update 2004. Not tested under emulation. Janus-UAE, Emumiga, Amiberry etc 


usbparallel.device

untested with USB-&gt;Centronics - The printer.class is rather 'clever'. It remembers to which unit the printers were connected (until you reboot). So if you first plug in Printer1, it gets unit 0, and Printer2 gets unit 1. If you now remove both printers and replug Printer2, it still will get unit 1 and not 0. This is used not to confuse the programs using the different units (moreover, if some program uses the usbparallel.device unit of an USB printer, and the printer is unplugged, the device unit cannot be freed immediately as the application still keeps it open). 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Beige cream D shape centronics end (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002v1 centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002VEA v2 centronics end (Prolific PL2305L chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| DYNAMODE USB-C-PP-1284 USB to 36pin (Prolific 2305 chipset) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 0x02
| {{N/A|untested but similar to BAFO below}}
|-
| IOGear GUC1284B 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| My-Link (raised ellipse on centronics plastic end) (unknown chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but more expensive }}
|-
| NEWLink (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Targus PA096E centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| TRENDnet ware TU-P1284
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| True PnP (Prolific chipset 2305) cheap 36pin Centronics (series of ridges along both short sides) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 2.00
| {{N/A|untested on BAFO BF-1284 but reports of poor quality and lack of support on other OSs }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| Transparent See Through Blue 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but possible poor quality build }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-PARALLEL 25pin female (prolific) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305 
| 0x02 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FDL USB to 25pin 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| PlusKom USB to 25pin female connector for printer (IEEE 1284) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| QinHeng Electronics (CH340S chipset) 
| 0x1a86
| 0x7584
| 
| {{N/A|untested curvy sides - flat top }}
|-
| StarTech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Syba SD-USB-DB25 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


Postscript interpreters (eg ghostscript) have been developed as a cheaper option which sit in between postscript data streams and non postscript printers.

Ghostscript has internal printer drivers

 gs -h

and with something like

 gs -sDEVICE=stcolor -r300 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile gs813:examples/tiger.ps
 copytopar ram:tempfile

It checks if in RAM: exists a outputfile (Cinnamon can export to PS postscript) then it sends this via copytopar to the printer. There was only support for parport (parallel) but Terminillis added support for USB and ethernet. A big issue with using ghostscript for drivers is that data has to originate as postscript (.PS) file.

 gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ljet4 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile RAM:file.pdf

the ljet4 output device generates PCL

also the pxlmono driver, which generates more generic PXL (PCL 6)

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pswrite -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER testpage-a4.ps &gt; test.pdf

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pxlmono -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER test.pdf &gt; test.pxl


Printers supported by ghostscript...Explanation [http://freebooks.by.ru/view/RedHatLinux6Unleashed/rhl6u151.htm here] or [http://www.gnu.org/software/ghostscript/devices.html here] and [http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/printer.htm here]

&lt;pre&gt;
bit            cljet5          ljet4d          pjxl300         pxlcolor
bitcmyk        cljet5c         ljetplus        pkm             pxlmono
bitrgb         deskjet         nullpage        pkmraw          stp
bj10e          djet500         pbm             pksm            tiff12nc
bj200          epswrite        pbmraw          pksmraw         tiff24nc
bjc600         faxg3           pcx16           png16           tiffcrle
bjc800         faxg32d         pcx24b          png16m          tiffg3
bmp16          faxg4           pcx256          png256          tiffg32d
bmp16m         ijs             pcxcmyk         pnggray         tiffg4
bmp256         jpeg            pcxgray         pngmono         tifflzw
bmp32b         jpeggray        pcxmono         pnm             tiffpack
bmpgray        laserjet        pdfwrite        pnmraw          uniprint
bmpmono        lj5gray         pgm             ppm             x11
bmpsep1        lj5mono         pgmraw          ppmraw          x11alpha
bmpsep8        ljet2p          pgnm            psgray          x11cmyk
cdeskjet       ljet3           pgnmraw         psmono          x11gray2
cdj550         ljet3d          pj              psrgb           x11gray4
cdjcolor       ljet4           pjxl            pswrite         x11mono
cdjmono
&lt;/pre&gt;


==rawwrap.class - some old flatbed scanners supported==

Scandal is the MUI frontend to [http://www.ppa.pl/bugtracker/ Betascan Bugtracker] and [http://aminet.net/search?query=betascan Search for Betascan scanner drivers] derived from [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html sane backends] 


[http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-EPSON2 Epson2] 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Expression 1600 1640XL 1680 10000XL
| 0x04b8
| 0x0107 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Prefection 1200U, 1200 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0104
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 1240U
| 0x04b8
| 0x010b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{[https://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=45760&amp;forum=25 works]|Needs 24V 0.8A psu but in Trident, click on &quot;Classes&quot;, then on &quot;rawwrap.class&quot;, then on &quot;Configure&quot;. There, under &quot;Global&quot;, activate the Option &quot;Bind to Vendor/Unknown Interfaces&quot;. Now go to the second tab &quot;Default Interface&quot; and select/enter these values: 
Default usbraw.device Unit: 0
Exclusive access: Yes
Out NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In Buffer Mode: No buffering
Buffer Size: 36 KB
Short Reads Terminate: Yes
Now click on &quot;Use as Default&quot; and select &quot;Devices&quot; on the left. There, click on your scanner and click on &quot;Class Scan&quot;. Now close Trident by clicking on &quot;Save&quot;. }}
|-
| Perfection 1640SU Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x010a
| 0x0104
| {{yes|works, even the transparency unit}}
|-
| Perfection 1650 Photo, 1660 Photo, 3200 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x011c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 2400 Photo, 2450 Photo 
| 0x04b8
| 0x011b 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 4870 Photo, 4990 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0128
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection V700 V750 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x012c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus CX2800 2900 3200 3500 3600 3650 3700 3800 3900

Stylus CX4100 4200 3500 4600 4700 4800 4900 500 5100 5200 5300 5400 5900
| 0x04b8 
| 0x0802 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus Office BX300F USB 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0848
| 
| {{yes| works with good scan quality}}
|-
|}


[http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx] scanners based on the Grandtech GT-6801 and GT-6816 &quot;System-On-Chip&quot; scanner chipsets 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Artec Ultima 2000 and e+, Trust Flat Scan USB 19200 (ePlus2k.usb / Gt680xfw.usb) 
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Genius Colorpage Vivid3x 4x 1200x
| 0x0458
| 0x2011 to 0x201f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexmark	X70	also X73 [http://subfusion.net/drivers/oslo3071b2.usb OSLO3071b2.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x043d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x002d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Medion/Lifetec/Tevion/Cytron MD/LT 9375 and Artec Ultima 2000, MD LT 9385 Gt680xfw.usb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05d8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| BearPaw 2448 CS and TA Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A2Nfw.usb A2Nfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 CS 
| 0x055f
| 0x021e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A1fw.usb A1fw.usb])}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek 1200 CU Plus Scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend PS1Dfw.usb / SBSfw.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2000 }}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1200 UB plus, Trust Compact Scan USB 19200, ScanMagic 1200 UB Plus
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/sbfw.usb sbfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1248 UB aka PC-World PC Line PCL-3000 
| 0x055f
| 0x021f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/SBSfw.usb SBSfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 2400CS TA aka Goodmans GSC 12/24
| 0x055f
| 0x0218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (Transparency adapter untested) }}
|-
| BearPaw 2400 CS aka TA Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x0219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Transparency adapter) }}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 1200 Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x021c or 0x021b 
| 0x0
| {{yes|works - [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ firmware required] but slow usb 1.1 speed with poor quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 2400 Plus aka BearPaw 2400 CU Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ PS2Dfw2.usb firmware rename to PS2Dfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021d 
| 1.00
| {{yes|works slow usb 1.1 speed with ok quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticPro 1248U
| 0x07B3
| 0x0400 0x0401
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticSlim 2400
| 0x07b3
| 0x0422
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (cis3R5B1.fw)}}
|-
| Visioneer OneTouch 7300
| 0x04a7
| 0x0444
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Cis3r5b1.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek ScanEpress 1200 UB (Plus) clone [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/ use mustek_usb backend]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x055f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Lexmark - needs testing
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Lexmark X1110 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1140
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1150 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1170 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1180 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1185
| 0x043d
| 0x007c
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Lexmark X12xx 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested in USB1.1, not fully tested in USB2.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dell A920 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


HP - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| HP ScanJet 4100C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0101
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 5200C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0401
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 62X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0201
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 63X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0601
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP  
| 0x03f0
| 0x0102, 0x0105, 0x0205, 0x0305, 0x0405
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x0705, 0x0805, 0x0901, 0x0a01
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x1205, 0x1305, 0x2005, 0x2205
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Plustek [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-PLUSTEK LM983x] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Plustek OticPro U12 UT12 UT16 U24 UT24
| 0x07B3
| 0x0010 to 0x0017
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| KYE/Genius Colorpage HR6-V2 HR6A HR7 HR7LE HR6X
| 0x0458
| 0x2008 to 0x2016 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Hewlett-Packard ScanJet 2100C and 2200C
| 0x03F0
| 0x0505 and 0x0605
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 and 2400 
| 0x0400 	
| 0x1000 and 0x1001
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| UMAX 3400/3450 and 5400 	
| 0x1606
| 0x0050, 0x0060 and 0x0160 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1250 and 1260
| 0x04B8
| 0x010f and 0x011d
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| CANON CanoScan N650/656U N1220U D660U N670/676U N1240U LIDE20 LIDE25 LIDE30
| 0x04A9
| 0x2206 to 0x2220
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


[http://snapscan.sourceforge.net/ SnapScan] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Acer Benq 310U, 320U, 340U
| 0x4a5
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 620U, 620UT, 640U, 640UT
| 0x4a5
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 1240 3300 4300
| 0x4a5
| 0x020
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Agfa SnapScan e10 e20 e25 e26 e40 e42 e50 e52
| 0x06bd
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 660
| 0x04b8
| 0x0114
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1270 1670
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 2480 2580
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 3490 3590
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mitsubishi
| 0x0
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}

==hub.class (self-powered and external ac powered hubs)==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dynamode USB-H41 4 ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Belkin 4 Port 
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Conrad
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum] }}
|-
| DLink DUB-H4 AC Adapter 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| High 0200
| {{maybe|WARNING Genesys Logic Hub Broken - Will cause failures with USB}}
|-
| [http://service.targa.co.uk/faq.php?lang_id=2&amp;baseid=178&amp;artdesc=SilverCrest+USB+Hub+2040&amp;artid=760&amp;artpic=silvercrestHUB2040.jpg SilverCrest 4-port slim USB 2.0 HUB - HUB2040 (40775) - Targa GmbH]
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| 0901
| {{yes|works  Genesys Logic, Inc., [http://service.targa.co.uk/dokumente/USB_HUB_2040_0109_manual_EN.pdf Manual]}}
|-
| Skymaster
| 0x05e3
| 0x0605
| 060B
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| No Name active 4-port
| 0x1a40
| 0x0101
| 0111
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thinkpad USB 3.0 Dock DU9019D1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17e9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4302
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0014
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works a bit}} classed as dfu.class with two further USB 2.0 hubs - USB 3.0 ports detected and work (2.0 backwards compatibility) - DisplayLink DL-3900 with VIA VL811 chipset - usb ethernet not working - two dvi not working - 20V psu 2a (40w) with a 5.5 - 2.5mm tip (no bus power) - data through a-b printer/scanner usb lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


==Internet==

===rndis.class USB Tethering ===

The rndis class provides support for Ethernet access over Remote NDIS. Most USB based devices should be supported including smartfones.

Before opening Network Prefs, activate USB Tethering on the Smartfon, on Network prefs, type in usbrndis.device and tick &quot;Start Network during system boot&quot; and saved the configuration, the Connection is immediate no reboot is needed.

When restart AROS my Smartphone deactivates the connection and to access the network again, have to reactivate it before starting the browser.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alcatel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| Huawei U8800
| 0x12d1
| 0x1039
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Huawei
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| HTC (Android phone)
| 0x0bb4
| 0x0ffe
| 
| {{Yes|any android phone with usb tethering option}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nokia 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oppo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft winPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


===USB &amp;rarr; ethernet lan adaptor===

*2002 playstation 2 usb1.1 era - a little support but very old and slow 
*2006 wii asix era - a little support but very much miss than hit 
*2026 usb0: or eth0: of CDC Ethernet protocol (cdcether) with Ethernet Control Model (ECM) and [https://www.usb.org/document-library/class-definitions-communication-devices-12 others like Wireless Mobile Communication Devices WMC] and later CDC EEM (Ethernet Emulation Model) and NCM (Network Control Model) are USB Communication Device Class (CDC) protocols packing more Ethernet traffic over every USB bundle. For CDC Ethernet - NCM is better than EEM is better than ECM 


* USB1.1 Up to 010 meg broadband (1.25MBytes/s) - ADM8511, DM9601 poor speeds 
* USB2.0 Up to 400 meg broadband (60MBytes/s) - MCS7830, AX88772 a little especially the 2010 apple version but buy many as very very poor odds of working one 
* USB3.0 Over 400 meg broadband (60+MBytes/s) - not supported at the moment 


SANA (Standard Amiga Network Architecture) to usb 

ADMtek Infineon ADM8511 Pegasus II (USB 1.1 and 10Mbit/s - Sony PlayStation 2 network adapter) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Com 3c460b 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Abocom UFE1000 / Abocom DSB650TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Accton USB320-EC / Accton SpeedStream Ethernet
| 0x083a
| 0x0320
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|2002 }}
|-
| AEI USB Fast Ethernet / Allied Telesyn AT-USB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2002 }}
|-
| ATEN UC-110T
| 0x0557
| 0x4000
|
| {{unk|2001 }}
|-
| BAFO USB To Ethernet Adapter BF-310
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v1 1101 
| 0x050D
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{maybe|2002 sometimes works from old amiga.org post which is now removed}}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v2 2101
| 0x050D
| 0x0121
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2006 does not works}} 
|-
| Belkin F5U122-PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USB-100 / Billionton USBLP-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USBEL-100 / Billionton USBE-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Compex LinkPort/UE202A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-H3ETX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-650 / D-Link DSB-650TX / D-Link DSB-650TX-PNA
| 0x2001
| 0x4000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DU-E10 / D-Link DU-E100
| 0x2001
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Edimax USB Ethernet Adapter EU-4201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Elsa AG MicroLink USB2 Lan Ethernet adapter
| 0x05cc
| 0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GetNet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GIGABYTE GN-BR402W Wireless Router
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway Fellowes USB UE-120 REV:V1 UE120 ADMTek 1011594 HO2419741 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07a6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0986
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2001 USB Specification 1.1 compliant}} 
|-
| GWC Tech USB Ethernet Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hawking UF100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| HP HN210E / I/O DATA USB ETTX / Kingston KNU101TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Jinco USB Ethernet Adapter 10/100 Base-T UE-110
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Kouwell USB to Ethernet 588A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Linksys USB10T / TA / TX
| 0x066b
| 0x2202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested - possible peg1/peg2}}
|-
| Linksys (Cisco) USB100TX / H1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitec LAN-TX/U1 H2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.mayflash.com/psps2/ps2024/ps2024.htm Mayflash PS2024] Playstation2 compatible clone of Proxim/Farallon NetLine?
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with DHCP router option on old 32bit distros but not on newer 64bit, best to go asixeth apple 2010 but buy many of them as poor success rate i.e. a lottery}}
|-
| Netgear FA101
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Philips CPWUE01/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Planet UE-9500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| PlayStation 2 SCPH-10000 50000 models 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Proxim (formerly Farallon) NetLine USB PN796-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Siemens SpeedStream USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SOHOware NUB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SMC EZNET-USB 2202USB/ETH / SMC 2206USB/ETH
| 0x0707
| 0x0100 0x0200 0x0201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|untested but should work very well }}
|-
| Surecom EP-1427X 100/10M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Target USB to 10/100M Fast Ethernet Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-ET100C
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| {{yes| sometimes works well, very stable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus USB NIC DN-3016-A 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8513
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested new chipset }}
|-
| Digitus lanusb ADM8515
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested because new chipset }}
|-
| VE285 usblan ADMtek 8515 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{no|not working as new chipset }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Davicom DM9601 eth (USB 1.1 and up to 10Mbit/s) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Davicom USB-100 see clone below 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| [http://wiki.maemo.org/USB_to_ethernet_networking chinese translucent transparent crystal blue] but variants are also found in clear, white and black. Just over 6&amp;nbsp;cm long. 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| 0x0
| {{yes|2002 success can be sporadic so technically okay, but lacking in reliability. Out of 4 tested by me, only 2 worked. One case cracked open. }}
|-
| Corega FEther USB-TXC
| 0x07aa
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-NIC-1427-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hirose USB-100
| 0x0a47
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| KY-RS9600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585358&amp;postcount=12 works] }}
|-
| ShanTou ST268 USB NIC
| 0x0a46
| 0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| ZT6688 USB NIC 
| 0x0a46
| 0x6688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ICS Advent DM9601 USB 2.0 10/100M Ethenet Adaptor JP1081B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FE6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9700
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0101
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|not working 32bit and 64bit - USB 1.1 10M ethernet}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


MosChip MCS7830 (USB 2)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Digitus DN-10050
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 }}
|-
| Edimax [http://www.edimax.co.uk/images/Image/datasheet/USB/EU-4206/EU-4206.pdf EU-4206]
|
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 }}
|-
| Speed Dragon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| STLabs 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| StarTech Compact USB2105S [http://www.kustompcs.co.uk/acatalog/info_6790.html USB2106S]
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| Sunrich Technologies [http://www.st-lab.com/admin/upfile/UploadFile/manual/manual(u-250).zip U-250]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| Syba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MCS 7832 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* USB2 [https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet Asix Ethernet] AX88178A, AX88772C, AX88772B, AX88772A (wii), AX88172A 
* USB3 AX88179A, AX88179  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AirLink101 AGIGAUSB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  AX88172}}
|-
| ATEN UC210T 
| 0x0557
| 0x2009
| 0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88172}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Billionton Systems USB2AR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08dd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x90ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo LUA-U2-KTX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0411
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;corega FEther USB2-TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07aa
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| D-Link DUB-E100 up to rev A4
| 0x2001
| 0x1a00
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;D-Link DUB-E100 rev B1 onwards 
| 0x07d1 or 0x2001 
| 0x3c05
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|AX88172 works on Deneb with [http://amigax.com/2010/02/21/usb-ethernet-speed-test-amigaos-4-0-classic/ Amiga OS4 Classic] and [http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 on a1k] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;goodway corp USB gwusb2e
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1631
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6200
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hawking UF200 
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[Linksys USB200M] 
| 0x077b
| 0x2226
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585601&amp;postcount=20 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Netgear FA120 
| 0x0846 
| 0x1040
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2002 10/100 Rev.B1&quot; is silkscreened on the board of the device populating this entry (S/N: FA12254CB100409, date code 0508). This device may be manuf. by [http://www.cameo.com.tw/ Cameo] &quot;AX88172 L&quot;, &quot;F05040157&quot;, and &quot;ED3&quot; Chip1 ASIX AX88172  Chip2 Realtek RTL8201BL}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intellinet
| 0x0b95 
| 0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JVC MP-PRX1 Port Replicator
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04f1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ST Lab USB Ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sitecom LN-029 &quot;USB 2.0 10/100 Ethernet adapter&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x6189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x182d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Surecom EP-1427X-2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0893
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v2
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|version 2}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;A-LINK NA1GU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLink101 ASOHOUSB Wii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLive EtherWe-1000U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE AX88772 Model No. A1277 MC704LL/A P/N 825-7098-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008  usb2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE Model No. A1277 (MB442Z/A 0885909217434) MC704ZM/A PN 825-7579-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|2010 model, usb2 and controller AX88772 where prehaps 1in3 units working with owb - really poor odds i.e. a lottery, could be situation where various ethernet phy chipsets are used - press Use in network prefs after Save initial setup typing in usbasixeth.device, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASIX AX88772 bulbous casing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 works on 32bit and 64bit though setup can take a few attempts but may have issues with phy ethernet chip changing,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datel Wii Lan Adapter DUS0204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4207 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway HE2230 Maplin ASIX 88772 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intec LAN G5626 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0202
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0301
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB200M Rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13b1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0018
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 sparsely randomly working AX88772 or with &quot;Sana-II Meter Tool 37.11&quot; network monitoring program, showing continuous &quot;Bad Packet&quot; errors which could means &quot;CRC&quot; errors}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB300M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2009 AX88772  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash W001 or clones Lupo/PEGA S-Wii-0680 light gray rectangular with third of one top 45 degree angled slope
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| may have randomly changed phy ethernet chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Max Value MVF00446 ASIN B006EG568A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises as AX88772 sometimes works on 32bit and 64bit}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink N14050 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink Wii-ETH USB2.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nintendo Wii LAN Adaptor 2110566 and clones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Poseidon recognises as AX88772 with usbasixeth.device sometimes works seems different ethernet phy chips can be matched affecting compatibility}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nyko Wii Net Connect 87024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585624&amp;postcount=22 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;0Q0 cable ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1557
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E100 (2009/2010) Bulbous housing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises it as ax88772A and typing in usbasixeth.device sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SpeedLink SL-3401-SGY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen 20254 USB2 to 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Afunta Apple-style White USB2.0 I/O Crest SY-ADA24005 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX88772A Fast Ethernet Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|usbasixeth.device accepted by network prefs but does not work}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Basics USB 2.0 AX88772A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus DN-10050-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edimax EU-4230  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX NT-USB20 AX88772A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; AX88772B USB 2.0 to 10/100M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4208 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Detected but not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB2100 ASIX AX88772C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772D AX88772D]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772E AX88772E]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2004 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E1000 i.e. USB 2.0 to Gigabit Ethernet 10/100/1000 LAN 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 ASIX AX88178 Controller and Realtek RTL8211CL PHY}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178A USB 2.0 to 10/100/1000M Gigabit Ethernet controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AmazonBasics USB3.0 adapter [https://github.com/nothingstopsme/AX88179_178A_Linux_Driver AX88179] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cable Matters SuperSpeed USB 3.0 RJ45 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Nintendo Switch 1 USB3 ethernet AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2020 ASIX AX88179 not binding to class, USB 3.2 Gen1 to Gigabit Ethernet controller with integrated 10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet PHY}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable AX88179 = [https://plugable.com/products/usb3-e1000-deal USB3-E1000] before mid-2023 or USB3-E1000; AX88179A = USBC-E1000 after mid-2023
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  controller is AX88179 phy is ??, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTW ax88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000NDS AX88179 USB-A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC301AU AX88179 USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC30B2 AX88179A USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB32000SPT AX88179A USB-c Rev 1 (AX88179) Rev 2 (AX88179A) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB32000SPT the Lot code sticker will have a bar code accompanied by a 10 digit number. The 5th and 6th digits of this lot code number would signify the revision. (Ex. xxxx02xxxx which would indicate rev. 2)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SYBA SY-ADA24029 Gigabit AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} may depend on the PHY chip connected to the controller chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TP-Link UE306 AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® Orico UL677G 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® UL688G USB 3.0 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet port 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AX88179 178A 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecknet UL699G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07b8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|no support }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen 50922 USB3-A to 100/1000 dark grey rounded barrels 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| ax88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen USB3-C to 100/1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen CR111 20256 usb3 a black plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88179}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000 USBC-E1000 after mid-2023 i.e. AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  AX88179A USB-A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==USB  &amp;rarr; SerialPort Converter==

*2002 some support for early revisions of PL2303 
*2005 Prolific PL2303H PL-2303X and Pl-2303HX (same usb ids as pl2303) no support 
*2025 FTDI 232R [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1135&amp;highlight=232r&amp;rowstart=20 work in progress] 
*2026 CDC-ACM i.e. Serial port over USB standard 

serialpl2303.class make sure you specify serialpl2303.device or Echo &quot;Test&quot; &gt;SER1: 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ATEN UC-232A 
| 0x0557 
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0300
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOGear GUC232A 
| 0x0557  
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0110
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Alcatel 
| 0x11f7 
| 0x02df 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| BAFO BF-810 
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Belkin F5U103 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Davibe SP611 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Dcu10 
| 0x0731
| 0x0528
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Elcom 
| 0x056e
| 0x5003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOData 
| 0x04bb 
| 0x0a03 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Itegno 
| 0x0eba
| 0x1080
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Nokia CA42 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Radioshack 
| 0x1453
| 0x4026
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Ratoc 
| 0x0584
| 0xb000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Samsung 
| 0x04e8
| 0x8001
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Siemens DCA-510 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN104
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN116 
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Some Cut Ma620 
| 0x0df7
| 0x0620
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Speed Dragon Multimedia MS3303H 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Syntech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tripp 
| 0x2478
| 0x2008
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Airlink101 AC-USBS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Belkin F5U103v
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Dynamode U232-P9
| 0x067B
| 0x2303
| 300
| {{no| no driver [http://koti.mbnet.fi/lonnberg/pl2303x.html linux patch] and using lsusb -v -d 067b:2303 gave bMaxPacketSize as 64 - pl2303x }}
|- 
| Konig CABLE-146/2 USB to RS232 
| 0x067b
| 0x2303
| 400
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| MANHATTAN 205146 USB to Serial Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Sabrent SBT-USC1M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-59
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded black case and lead USB 232 Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x067B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2303
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0300
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
|}


[http://www.ftdichip.com/index.html Future Technology Devices International Ltd FTDI]-FT232R.class [https://ftdichip.com/software-examples/code-examples/c-builder/ FTProg src], [http://rtr.ca/ft232r/ ft232r src], [https://ftdichip.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/DS_FT232R.pdf FT232R datasheet], [], 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6001 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GE-gKgHxZI beware of cheap clones fake with s/n A50285BI SN]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx Astro FTDI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232R 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent CB-FTDI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|no driver TTL-232R cables use FTDI's [http://n1mm.hamdocs.com/tiki-index.php?page=USB+Interface+Devices FT232RQ ic device] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Startech.com 1 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 DB9M Adapter Cable with COM Retention ICUSB2321F 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL Chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech.com 2 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 Adapter Cable ICUSB2322F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FTDI FT2232D Chipset
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL is the SSOP-28 and the FT232RQ is the QFN-32 package option 
|}


[https://www.onetransistor.eu/2017/08/ch341a-mini-programmer-schematic.html ch341a.class] 

*I2C EEPROMS (3.3V and 5V) compatible and also SPI FLASH memories (3.3V devices) making sure 1.8V is covered  
*each having their own [https://winraid.level1techs.com/t/guide-how-to-use-a-ch341a-spi-programmer-flasher-with-pictures/33041 4x2 connection blocks] using [https://github.com/flashrom/flashrom flashrom] 

 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -r backup.bin
 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -w &lt;new bios name&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jiangsu QinHeng Ltd CH341A emulate UART communication, standard parallel port, memory parallel port and synchronous serial (I2C, SPI) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5512
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QinHeng USB2.0-Serial HL-340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7523
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0252
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|}


==simplemidi.class and CAMD==

Currently support includes 

* simplemidi.class SimpleMidi maps some keyboard keys to corresponding computer keys as used by music trackers to emulate a musical keyboard 
* camdusbmidi.class follows the rules of the m68k implementation of Commodore's CAMD midi specification and usb class compliant 

for 

* usb host like a computer, pi, etc 
* usb device controllers - keyboards, drum machines, djay turntables, grooveboxes, etc 
* interfaces - cables or boxes which convert usb to 5pin DIN plug midi 


What is needed is a fully class-compliant '''brand name''' USB MIDI keyboard, especially manufactured in the last 15 years are best 

*Arturia
*Novation
*M-Audio
*Akai

Plugging this in one of your USB ports, the camd.library will make the keyboard's MIDI IN/OUT ports available in the system. 

Then select the keyboard's MIDI IN port (known as a &quot;cluster&quot; in CAMD) for input, and the software instrument's cluster as output 


ShowCluster (shows midi ports available in and out)

MidiWatch (usually port usbmidi.in.0 less often usbmidi.out.0) (Ctrl-C to end output stream) 
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOn  90  39  08  00
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOff 80  39  00  00

MidiThru (forwards messages from one port to another)
 run &gt;nil: c:midithru usbmidi.out.0 usbmidi.out.2 

MidiSendC (sends a middle C to a specific port)


Midi Controller + Sound Module (together aka as a synth) -&gt; Audio Output 


The difference between midi and midi over USB is that in old school Midi the transmitter transmits whenever it wants and the receiver always has to be prepared to receive data. Easy to do at the rate of a 1990's modem speed these days.

USB over midi.. turns midi into a polled protocol.. So the USB host (typically the computer) has to ask &quot;do you have anything for me&quot; before the remote will send. If the USB host gets busy doing other things or there is a lot of things on the USB bus to get polled, you can get delays.

For its age midi is still a great protocol for music

* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/midi10.pdf USBIF's &quot;USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices&quot; document, version 1.0 from Nov 1, 1999]
* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/USB%20MIDI%20v2_0.pdf MIDI v2.0 from 2020 which AROS still needs, adds support for MIDI 2.0, MIDI-CI, and Universal MIDI Packet] 

Nearly all synthesizers now use the 16 MIDI channels available on a MIDI bus in one instrument alone, requiring multiple MIDI busses in a typical setup with more than
one MIDI instrument. In addition, by handling multiple &quot;virtual&quot; cables, USB offers a solution to go beyond MIDI's 16-channel limit. 

MIDI data is transferred over USB using 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packets. These packets provide an efficient method to transfer multiple MIDI streams with fixed length messages. The 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packet allows multiple &quot;virtual MIDI cables&quot; routed over the same USB endpoint. This approach minimizes the number of required endpoints. It also makes parsing MIDI events easier by packetizing the separate bytes of a MIDI event into one parsed USB-MIDI event. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Computer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|which acts as USB midi host to get all usb devices talking together}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hobbytronics usb host standalone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bomebox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://neuma.studio/rpi-as-midi-host/ raspberry pi] with several midi interface(s) and linux scripting 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton MIDI USB Host mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acorn Instruments Masterkey 49 device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested usb powered 5V regulated - similar keybed to keystation 49es but unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai SynthStation 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 - sticky rubber keys - usb 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Laptop Production Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09e8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x007c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and camd usb to use, not tested with apps}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 25 mini key self powered by mini USB lead - sustain port - no top left corner joystick - tested icaros 2.3 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai LPK25 LPK37 LPK49 Laptop Production Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested velocity sensitive mini keys with synth action - weak mini USB port - latency issues -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional APC Key 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested 49 key 49-key full-sized, semi-weighted keyboard with aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Max25 MAX49 control keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPK249 MPK261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB2 USB-b - full keys semi-weighted aftertouch - midi in out - sustain and peddle port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional Advance 49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini MKII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - 4 way thumb joystick top left - 25 tiny keys - velocity drum pads - plastic build quality - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Professional APC Key 25 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Play
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - synth basic samples - class compliant? - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button then use the &quot;Program&quot; knob to assign a MIDI channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini 3 MKIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09E8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1049 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 USB2 USB-b midi controller connection no 5pin legacy - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys goofy uneven feel of the akai keyboards - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button and press pad 1 to 8 to assign a MIDI channel - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Force / MPC One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro MPK Mini Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested 37 mini keys - class compliant device - usb-b bus powered only with 5pin midi in and out - Shift and Global for Midi Ch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro Ableton Push Mk 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPC Key 37 49 61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested USB2 usb-b
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Photon PH-25 X25 Midi &amp; USB keyboard/synth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi keyboard controller  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Q88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Coda Pro Portable 88-Key Digital Piano USB MIDI Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VI49 VI61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VX49 VX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 1 5-pin MIDI input, 1 5-pin MIDI output, 1 USB port,
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Mk2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Recital 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Qmini portable 32-key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019  synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Analog Experience “The Player” USB MIDI Master Keyboard Model APE25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb-b bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab MkII Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 32 mini keys  usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed - reset Press and hold Oct + and Oct – buttons then insert the USB cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2209 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 USB2 usb-b bus power - metal base heavier than most - Shift and press a key to select the MIDI Channel - To reset to original factory, unplug the USB cable, hold down the Oct- and Oct + buttons, plug the USB cable back in and continue to hold the buttons until the pads turn white - need software to change parameters like velocity sensitive assistance - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK2 MKII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MicroFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 hybrid digital/analog synthesis, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeYIAfn3UMs Arturia Minilab 3] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/chj1WgMupGw ] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/FMVdfhzg1Dw ]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 untested usb-c bus powered - 25 mini keys semi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab 3 Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab Essential 49 61 88 mk3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested usb-c and 1 midi out - lack of aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AstroLab 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK3 MKIII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMX61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control UMX490 UMX610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Swing 32-Key
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MOTOR 49 - 49-Key USB/MIDI Master Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU Xboard 25 E-MU X-Board 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key Mkey 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 stops sending MIDI on a regular basis. The simplest &quot;fix&quot; is to flip it off and on via the power switch at the back
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Ukey U-Key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Xkey 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 low-profile aluminium  full size pressure sensitive with polyphonic aftertouch but keys make too much noise and that they can be too sensitive to velocity - low power draw 25ma 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key 49 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 simplified version of the U-key Mobiltone 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME XKEY AIR 37
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cme xkey 37 le
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner Spaceline DMK-25 Donnerdeal Rantion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner DMK25 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  25 mini velocity keys with limited aftertouch - usb-c powered - 8 drum pads - 3.5mm &quot;midi out&quot; socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 expensive later midi usb class compliant with since 1.5 Update
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elecktron Digitone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitone Keys 37-key Digital FM Synthesizer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Analog Four MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Octatrak MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 25xt
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and usb driver working}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 bus powered or 12v 0.5a dc in - metal base so heavy - midi out 5pin - sustain pedal port - modulation slider - rubber coated knobs becomes sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49xt 61xt 88xt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 12v 0.5a center pin +ve external psu required - USB i/o and 1 legacy 5pin out - full sized keys - heavy aluminium case keyboard metal base - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-125 MK-149
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-225C MK-249C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution USB/Midi Controller MK-425C MK-449C MK-461C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|25, 49, 61 keys -  }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  9V or 12V - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 37 full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro Mobile
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 25 or 37 mini keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 mini velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 full velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kawai VPC 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; weighted keys - heavy build - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen Instruments K-Board
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? each keypad makes them velocity, pressure, and location sensitive but  not really suited for piano playing 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen  BopPad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg NanoKontrol 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;mini usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Prophecy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KORG microKONTROL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 velocity-sensitive Natural Touch keys but  joystick is an alternative to the common pitch/modulation wheel design - power draw - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg nanoKey nanoPad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Taktile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY2 25 37 49 61 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB powered - semi weighted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MiniList 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MinKey nanoPad nanoPad 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Nautilus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 7 series - Artis 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;fatar TP-8 semi-weighted action  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 A8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Mobile keys 25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Tone Port KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Midiman (later M-Audio) Oxygen8 Ozone Ozonic 25 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|not class compliant - untested 5pin legacy }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2004 - 25 full keys - slider/fader to left of lcd display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;m-audio oxygen keystation (61 key) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio eKeys 37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered and 12v psu - if sliders/faders are on right - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 8v2, 49, 61 (silver) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37e 49e, 61e MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - ok key action - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37es 49se 61es, 88es MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25/49/61/88 (blue) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 [https://m-audio.com/products/view/oxygen-25-legacy advised Class-compliant and GM/GM2/XG SysEx messages] with full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61 (2nd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 semi-weighted mini keys - bus powered and 9v psu for 25/49 and 12v for 61 - if sliders/faders are on left - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom Pro 25, 49, 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 poor construction 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Axiom AIR 25 M-Audio Axiom Air Mini 32
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 III (3rd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested - usb only - rubber keys sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Keyrig 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - mini usb - plays a few notes and then stops responding randomly - try plugging it into port 1 or 2 on your pc - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 49 MK2 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 USB port and class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 61 MK3 MKIII MIDI keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 usb compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 IV
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016  choice 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio CTRL-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio ProKeys 88, 88sx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 mini usb - some power or incompatibility issue with the native USB ports of the laptop, plugged in a passive USB 2.0 HUB (not USB 3.0, not powered)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3328SvuJsLw M-Audio Oxygen25 MKV]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0763
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0023
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class  - midi in out untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 25 full size semi keys - USB2 usb-b but no 5pin classic plugs - channel select SHIFT button and CHANNEL on keybed - plastic build - holding down both the Octave + and - for factory reset -  more limited in what you can do with it than IV 4th one - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 untested semi full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 32 smaller keys - not endless encoders - usb only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Hammer 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog Minitaur 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-VAVE SMK-25mini 25key MIDI Control Keyboard Y6I0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Primus A25 JamMate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK1 MKI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol S88 S61 S49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - weighted keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 all MK2 MK3 power up the keyboard using USB, it will set the keyboards MIDI port to computer MIDI only without any option to set it to use the MIDI DIN, meaning you cannot connect the keyboard to hardware and power from USB, you MUST power with the power adapter and physically unplug from any USB connection - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol A25 A49 A61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe compliant,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/sikorak666/maschine-mikro-mk3-driver Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro Plus MK3 MKIII]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol M32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 untested 32 smaller keys - no drum pads - USB only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik iBoard 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact LX25+ LX49+ LX61+ LX88+ SE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 budget full-size velocity-sensitive synth-action keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact GX49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; USB port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P4 P6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  USB &amp; USB Micro B, 5-pin MIDI out, 2 x TRS inputs with 49 semi-weighted, velocity sensitive with aftertouch
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar SE25 SE49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; mini keys - micro usb bus powered - velocity and sustain button 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P6 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama T6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nord Stage 3 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; sysex 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 lhs XY touchpad and the joystick -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not USB class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25SL 49SL 61SL soft label 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - two long top liquid-crystal display LCD strips - XY touchpad and the joystick - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMOTE 25LE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected, usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 USB-b powered, 9v center pin positive or 6 MN1500 AA batteries - X/Y touchpad and the combined pitch and modulation joystick - no aftertouch but can use both the legacy MIDI OUT and USB port simultaneously 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Nocturn 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 untested sending random pitchbend info
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL MkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation MiniNova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Impulse 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 velocity aftertouch‑sensitive semi-weighted keyboards and eight backlit pads -  USB, 5-pin MIDI out - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Circuit Tracks / Rhythm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB class compliant - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Launchpad Mini MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 8x8 buttons with 16 backlit
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 rotary wheels lhs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 37 49 61 88 MK3 MKIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 USB class compliant choice - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 sliders lhs -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 61SL Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nymphes Dreadbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6 voice analog synth
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oberheim MC 2000 EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 88 keys fully weighted - very heavy - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus ATOM SQ Hybrid MIDI Keyboard/Pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://polyend.com/tracker/ Polyend Tracker]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 USB MIDI keyboard controller 49-key
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland EDIROL PCR-M30 PCR-M50 PCR-M80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol PCR-30 PCR-50 PCR-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 untested 32 key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-50 PC-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PCR-500 PCR-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 61 velocity-sensitive keys with aftertouch 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 USB port - weighted keys velocity no aftertouch - class compliant with press FUNCTION so it is lit. Press the key labelled &quot;ADV.&quot;, Press the &quot;+&quot; button so it is lit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-200 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 some had fatar keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-707 Groovebox
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-500 A500Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-300 A300Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland JUNO DS, FA, Fantom, JUPITER X / Xm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 (be sure that USB driver is set to &quot;Generic&quot; - requires device rebooting) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49 MKii MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 expensive with USB-c port - hammer-action keyboard weighted keys - Class-compliant if  USB-C enables bus power - MIDI 2.0 later - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLI Seaboard RISE 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Graphite 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Carbon 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sequential TAKE 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK-161 and VMK-161 Plus Organ version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed - usb midi in out - 9v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL990XP midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK176 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB and midi connectivity
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL880 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL73 SL88 Studio midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; hammer-action Fatar TP semi-weighted keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numa Organ 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 73 key TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed used in nearly all clonewheels 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numacompact 2/2x, Numa X Piano
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero CommandKey49 CommandKey25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SZ-MiniCommand Mini-Command USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SPC61 MIDI Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; bus powered - 5 octave 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero ControlKey49S 49 Key Slim MIDI Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Synido TempoKey K25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 25 mini keys - usb-c powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Winterbloom Sol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Worlde Panda 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha KX8 KX49 KX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha CMC-PD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P45B P-45 Digital Piano 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P-115 midi controller  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested weighted keys - USB midi port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 should compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Montage, CP73/88, YC, MODX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha PSR-E353, PSR-E443
PSR-S670, PSR-S770, PSR-S970, PSR-A3000, TYROS-5
NP-12, NP-32
DGX-650, DGX-660
P-105, P-115, P-255
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 II V2 Black Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DJM V10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; dj 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Kontrol DJ Pro midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; detected but untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Numark Mixtrack Pro II USB DJ Controller Djay 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;older generation pioneer DDJ-SX2 dj 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-22 AL22c  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-88 Schneidersladen AL88c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum U3-88c Midi Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no CopperLan support Midi network using a UTP Ethernet patch cable) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer BCF2000 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.behringer.com/EN/home.aspx Behringer] BCR2000 1in 2out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B-CONTROL DEEJAY BCD3000 DJ Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMD404 UMD202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU 0404/USB midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiDesign / Focusrite Command 8 Control Surface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 supports MIDI continuous controller (CC) and note data. SysEx dumping and loading is also supported  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 002
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 003
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;emagic m4 2x4 AMT8 Unitor 8 Mk2  8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x00d0
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x010 0x0103
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) - 12v 2a psu centre pos - usb mini with rs232 and rs422 serial ports - 16 channels (8-in / 8-out), this rack-mountable unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution U-Control UC-16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guillemot Maxi Studio ISIS Vintage Sound Card MIDI Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ucapps.de/mbhp_usb.html MidiBox] Hardware Platform USB Module
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Control Universal Pro XT with One Two Extenders 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Audiophile USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO old version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio MidiMan 1x1 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  [http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hotplug/ firmware update]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 2x2 yellowy green blue, green or silver chassis plastic box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|MIDISPORT 2x2 or 4x4 interfaces from previous production series (blue, green or silver chassis) are not class-compliant}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Audiosport Quattro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant as [http://usb-midi-fw.sourceforge.net/ firmware required and that is buggy], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio UC-33
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 1x1 2x2 4x4 Anniversary Edition, black box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=52920 Mark of the Unicorn Motu Fastlane] 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=560852&amp;postcount=8 not working on OS4]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu Micro Lite 1x1 and MOTU microlite 5x5 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; good unit but poor just plug in support and not class compliant - USB2 usb-b - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu MIDI Express 128 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor support serial port only - offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) A serial port based MIDI interface or a USB interface without MTS will have a MIDI slop of up to 2ms on record and playback. MTS provides accuracy for record and playback to around .3ms - five times more accurate than serial or non-MTS.&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU.com MIDI Express XT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 for many USB should have octocoupled connection to reduce groundloop humm, usually the timing is off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU MIDI Timepiece AV 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant is one of the best multi-port MIDI interfaces ever made as USB model connects to the computer as an 8x16 interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments GmbH Audio 8 DJ, 4 DJ, 2 DJ
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|needs dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qcon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|did not match to camdusbmidi.class USB audio midi with onboard DSP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Corp Edirol UM-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|is not bound via camdusbmidi.class }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not bound to any midi class - 2x2 - tested Aros One USb 2.4 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 USB audio midi with onboard DSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-880 8x8 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 under poseidon but could work with run &gt;nil: c:midithru out.0 &quot;EDIROL UM-880.out.2&quot;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1 blue plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| bound??? via camdusbmidi.class - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 UM-1 -  1-in/1-out (16 channels) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 1-in/1-out (16 channels)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1X midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1SX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0052
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2C - 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-1G 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2G 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/spotify/linux/blob/master/sound/usb/usbquirks.h Roland Edirol UA20 UA-20] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-1EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2EX 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005  adds a second MIDI OUT
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk UM-3G - 3x3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk ua-25excw 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not class compliant mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://alsa.opensrc.org/Edirol_UA-25EX Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Cakewalk UA25 EX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus B2M Bass MIDI Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus G2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg CMC Series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Subzero SZ-MB44 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swisssonic MIDI1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 AmigaOS there is no output at midichannel one and two but if play a midi file there is only output on some channels and if pressed stop the prog freezes or the whole system crashes
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-428 US-422 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2000 not compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam [http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tascam.com/Products/US-224.html US-224]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1604
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2002 does not bind to any class
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-122 MKII midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not detected / binding to camdusbmidi.class on AROS 2.4 usb }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 detected but not working 2-in/2-out USB two XLR microphone preamps with phantom power for condenser microphones 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-200 US-400 US-600 US-800 US-1200 US-1800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UX-16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE and Pro version midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 dc 6v power - 3 USB hubs, midi in out , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis I/O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 powered USB hub required, not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO4 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XTouch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; psu needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Compact
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Mini
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?,  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Phoria UMD404HD UMD202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe class compliant - volume low, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME U2 MIDI Pro 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; current model 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 1X1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 early versions with sysex checksum errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative E-MU Xmidi 1x1 Tab (V3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 tab version class compliant but report that when transferring 'System Exclusive' messages (SysEx) the unit could not handle the highest data rate leading to data corruption 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 sysex errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini now Avid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox II Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Engl Z7 MIDI Interface (E660/E610/E360/E930)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitar?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron TurboMidi TM-1 1in 1out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U 4x4 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U XL 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U XL 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no hardware routing e.g. x on input 5 to synth y on output 7 - ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate II 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ROM I/O
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 romio version 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2573
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|is bound via camdusbmidi.class AROS One 2.4  - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8U XT 8in 8out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 discontinued 2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8UEX USB3.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U eX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate eX midi interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 current model, well liked and might class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;icon midiport 2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCON CubeMi 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity mio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 class compliant but reported issues with sending System Exclusive (SysEx) MIDI messages and MIDI signals getting cut off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iConnectMidi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCM2 iCM4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectMIDI4+ L
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity MioXL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig MIDI 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRig Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Electronics pro solo mk2 midi to cv converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Midi Thru-25 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keytech MT18E 8 Way Midi Thru box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 9 to 12v psu required 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 2x2 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 4x4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech MIT-00151 Midiface 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech Midiface 4x4 8x8 16x16 thru merge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Miditech Midilink mini 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO only if box is labeled Class Compliant and latest MIDISPORT 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midiman Midisport 2x2 Anniversary Edition [https://gearspace.com/board/electronic-music-instruments-and-electronic-music-production/1133862-why-there-hardly-any-midi-interfaces.html not stable enough] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 USB2 usb-b - does not need firmware and supposedly plug and play - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 4x4 Anniversary Edition
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; rumored does not need firmware - supposedly plug and play -  issues with its firmware for some and lacks configurable routing
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Maudio Fast Track Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant but bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Midiflex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 class compliant and usb-b powered - used as a 1 in / 3 out, 2 in / 2 out or 4 out 5pin sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik IM-One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Peavey Xport
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitars only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-ONE UM-1 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 USB class compliant if switch to TAB for class compliant mode rather than the COMPUTER mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Squarp Hermid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg Midex 8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant?  supporting MIDI Time Stamping protocol
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swissonic MidiConnect 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.midi USB 4x4 (Loud technologies) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2014 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U-24
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded cable 
| 0x552d
| 0x4348
| F110 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected but no usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;detected but not working the USB-MIDI conversion functionality of the cheapo USB MIDI &quot;cable&quot; interface is simply lacking, possibly being incapable of handling MIDI strings longer than 3 bytes long SysEx strings (e.g. SysEx dumps) - tested in Icaros 2.3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB2.0-MIDI Unbranded cable with clear braided underneath leads 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x752D 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0254 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected binding to camdusbmidi.class but untested midi in / out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested but better to get a branded version - tested AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LogiLink USB to Midi In-Out 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested cheap cable version but issues with latency on other systems 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; gm5 USB midi chip  DIY option only
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Doremidi LEKATO MIDI USB C Interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thomann Midi USB 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   Prodipe made 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe MIDI 1i/1o 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


Classic 5pin DIN controllers for above interfaces 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai s5000 s6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi digital samplers 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai AX80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-3000 CZ-1000 CZ-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cheetah MS6 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 multi-timbral, six-voice (twelve-oscillator), analogue synthesiser module is loaded with CEM 3396s 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ensoniq ESQ1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Wavestation Ex A/D SR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1986 ex has piano and drum sounds 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-8000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Poly 800 MK1 Poly-800ii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  all plastic and can run on batteries - 49 keys non-velocity dco synt analogue filter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland D-50
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1987 untested greater concern would be moisture and wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A50 (76) A80 (88) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1989 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND JUNO-D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Juno 106 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;80s kx73 or kx88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-160A PC-180A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} legacy DIN5 MIDI port only - 6 AA batteries or 9v psu - One regular source of failure for me were emty batteries (even with red control light still active). Another source was a bad MIDI cable - unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland M1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland S-550 S-760 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; digital samplers kontakt replaced these? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1983 12bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7S DX72IID DX7IIFD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1987 16bit versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


The MIDI standard was published in August 1983. The inventors, Kakehashi and Smith finally received a Technical Grammy Award in 2013 for their work. 

The MIDI files that contained just the note data, velocity and timing meant you could transfer an entire studio session from one place to another on one floppy disk and it could control all the synths and drum samplers. Pass-thru meant that one computer could run an entire bands worth of instruments. 

It's bulletproof too. MIDI never goes wrong, it's always a bug in software that causes any issue - you can absolutely rely on it to go gigging with, take your synths, controllers and computers and not crash an entire gig at your 100,000 person venue. 

The MIDI hardware specification is very simple (voltage, polarity, screening, protection and a fast enough opto-isolator), it assumes that the data it sends and receives between MIDI devices is to the MIDI data standard and just passes it on. The microprocessor in the hardware does all the work.

The minimum for a computer/MIDI interface is that it meets the MIDI hardware specification. It is attached to the computer bus and handles the electrical conversions required. To meet the MIDI hardware specification, to be class compliant as a USB device all it has to do is report itself properly when plugged in.

The other half of the equation is the MIDI data standard, and for a computer MIDI interface the main issue is the speed of data transmission. The bus speed of the computer is faster than the speed of the MIDI standard so it can generate and send MIDI data faster than a MIDI device can receive it. The MIDI standards have nothing to say on that bottleneck at all. MIDI was designed to be very simple and very open, it just defines a standard for the messages and leaves it up to manufacturers to implement them in the way they want. That's what makes it so powerful a tool, and also what makes it so confusing and frustrating at times.

For midi, the hardware/software combination at various connection points handles the translation to/from midi (or other protocols). Drivers would be needed for midi, including clock and SysEx signal (actually claiming to handle ALL midi quirks transparently

All the important MIDI data types can be sent (CC, NRPN, RPN, MMC, Note On/Off, program change)

There is no official way to solve the data bottleneck. Early software sequencers and librarians tried to solve it by having an option to buffer SYSEX data in software and transmit it at the MIDI data rate. The downside is that hogs the bus and can hit computer performance. Interface manufacturers would add a hardware buffer which would take all the MIDI data from the PC bus and feed it into the MIDI at the slower data rate, but that added cost and created timing issues.

Things have moved on since then, but the principles remain the same. You can buffer in the hardware or in software, whether that is in the application or the interface driver. SYSEX will work perfectly well with that budget cable if your software handles the buffering. And while the cables with hardware buffers make SYSEX easier, they still have potential problems because of the limitations of the MIDI data rate. Your MIDI clock doesn't like being interrupted with a big program dump 

The serial / parallel ports were a direct connection, so faster. Now, everything in the computer is virtual and the only thing connected to the hardware is the kernel, hence everything is by default bottlenecked and jittery, regardless of which connection. So by the time the interface gets the information it's already too late. 

Ethernet network cable to transport MIDI over large distances, connect 2 MIDI In and 2 MIDI Out ports to patch, remap, filter and merge MIDI flows on a fine channel basis for tight MIDI throughput, latency and jitter 

Possibilities for DAWs of the future including a kind of sync reference for timing reference which an interface could sync to, hence all the timings then would be locked between the grid on the DAW screen and the MIDI info. 

Preemptible, low latency and accuracy are essential for good communication.  

One of the first things you need to do, is make sure your MIDI software sets the interface to the same MIDI channel as your keyboard (usually 1) 


Do you want to send just your master keyboard to other synths or to be able to use any keyboard with any synth?

1st option is relatively simple. Just need to send midi from your master keyboard into a midi splitter that redistributes the signal onto your synths. Each synth will be set up to receive midi on a specific channel so the only challenge is to find a way to select to which channel you are sending midi. Some master keyboards can do that although not many that have a dedicated knob or switch on the panel and most require a bit of menu diving. Could use a midi box that offers channel selection but usually this is not very workflow friendly. The software route would require using the mouse. 

2nd option is a bit more complex but superior workflow by sending midi messages into a merge box, from there into a hardware sequencer that allows to select midi channel, then on to a midi interface that distributes the signal to the synths. 

Master keyboard MIDI-in to computer. External hardware sampler MIDI-out from computer. Audio-out from sampler to audio-in on computer/device. 


Blue Ribbon Soundworks Bars &amp; Pipes Professional (1993/4) 

GM (1984), GS (1987), XG level 1-3 (1994-1997), GM level 2 (1999) 	

GM GM1 imposes several requirements beyond the MIDI 1.0 specification. While MIDI 1.0 by itself provides a communication protocol which ensures that different instruments can interoperate at a fundamental level e.g sound modules. GM goes further in two ways. First, GM requires that all compliant MIDI instruments meet a certain minimal set of features, such as being able to play at least 24 notes simultaneously (polyphony). Second, GM attaches specific interpretations to many parameters and control messages which were left unspecified in the MIDI 1.0 specification. A minimum of 128 MIDI Program Numbers (conforming to the GM 1 Instrument Patch Map) and 47 percussion sounds (conforming to the GM 1 Percussion Key Map). Support for controller number 1, 7, 10, 11, 64, 100, 101, 121 and 123; support for channel pressure and pitch bend controllers. 

General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI (GM) and Roland GS extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).

* Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
* MIDI Channels: 16
* Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels)
* Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)

Program and bank change events
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains the full GM (General MIDI 1) sound set. Variations using other bank numbers are new to General MIDI 2, and correspond to variation sounds introduced in Roland GS. 


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CluuHrr7HG4 Major WWHWWWH, Minor WHWWHWW scale], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jjm7Ti-iwz0 Chords], 


==usb audio==

USB audio has recently made available for Aros, there are many standards introduced over the years. Much is still untested. 

*Introduced 2000 and from 2014 USB Audio 1 UAC1 16bit 44.1kHz
*Introduced 2006 and from 2014 USB Audio 2 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/usb-device-class-definition-audio-devices-release-20-errata-and-ecn-through-april UAC2] 24bit 192kHz
*Introduced 2016 and from 2024 USB Audio 3 [https://www.usb.org/documents UAC3] 32bit 384kHz 

USB group decided to rewrite the audio standard, so [https://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/usbaudio2.lha UAC2] and [https://archive.fosdem.org/2019/schedule/event/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/attachments/slides/3345/export/events/attachments/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/slides/3345/Linux_and_USB_Audio_Class_3___FOSDEM_2019.pdf UAC3]. They added clock selection and control, timing domains and others. Part of the changes included changing many of the descriptors that an audio device uses to describe itself to the machine. 

PsdErrorlog/PsdDevlister? The AHI driver generated only supports mono/stereo at any bit rates between 8 and 32 bit per sample, but not multichannel modes and only rates up to 65KHz (because AHI uses a 16-bit word for frequencies). If the soundcard does not offer such a PCM 8-32 bit mode at frequencies lower than 65 KHz, there's nothing much that can be done about it on the computer side other than revising and expanding the AHI standard. Most cheap USB soundcards do though. 

AHI does not support six channel playback. It only supports mono, stereo and multichannel (8 channels). Due to the multichannel mode not being used by any application so far, the usbaudio.class does not support multichannel playback, especially not &quot;upchannelling&quot; stereo to six or more channels. If this USB device does not support a two channel mode, you can't use it under AHI.

Untested but most likely to work, at least 2 mic inputs (low impedance) &amp; instruments (high impedance) and made in the last 10 years 
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMuA-2FbJxE Entry level &lt;100Euro]   BOMGE U202, Behringer UMC, Presonus Studio, 
*[ Next tier &lt;200Euro]   Audient iD, Solid SSL2 and SSL2+, Lewitt, Focusrite Scarlett, Arturia MiniFuse, 
*[ Prosumer &lt;300Euro]   Focusrite Clarett+, 
*[ Professional &lt;500Euro]   RME Babyface, 
*[ Studio &gt;500Euros]    

Bands should need 4 or more mic inputs 

[http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=38364030 XDA Forum thread],

&lt;pre&gt;
                                            &lt;- Computer 
                                            &lt;- Mobile Phone / Tablet (OTG)
                                            &lt;- Digital Cameras 
                            &lt;- Video        &lt;- Webcams 

Base Computer &lt;-&gt; OBS like  &lt;- Audio Mixer  &lt;- Microphone(s) 

                            -&gt; Internet     -&gt; Youtube &amp; Chat 

&lt;/pre&gt;

USB AUDIO CARDS - UAC Compliant 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Playback
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Records 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 64 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant so does not wotk with Aros and a high-end 64-channel AD/DA converter HDX, Dante connectivity and a Thunderbolt Audio interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 32 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not be compliant so does not wotk with Aros as Antelope Audio does not provide official drivers, control software, or an Antelope Launcher 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Mini Fuse 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp 1 combi input, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant usb-c with usb2.0, okay pre amps with good dynamic range 110dB, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, two combi inputs for mic, line or guitar, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay 110dB dynamic range, -129dB EIN, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AudioFuse 16Rig 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 mk1 mki 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient evo4 EVO8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD4 mk2 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient id14 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant and usb-c bus powered, good, , 0-in/14-out audio interface with ADAT expandability, balanced inserts
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 Mk2 Mkii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps ein -129 dBu, 24bit ADC, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC404HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps, 24bit adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC204HD 192 Empower Tribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0508
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMC1820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016, bus complaint?, okay midas pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UM2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, poor zenyx pre-amps with high noise floor, plastic build no rf shielding, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer x Air XR12 XR16 XR18
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 usb and network 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, , , midi, strictly NEC USB 2.0, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 8i6 Gen 1 MOSC0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, but 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 1 MOSC0003 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested ok
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present at all time.
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - 48V, tested ok
*TP7 - Ground
*TP8 - Ground
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 usually avoid early Gen 1, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/08/75-focusrite-scarlett-2i4-1st-gen.html Focusrite Scarlet 2i4 Gen 1 (slide toggles) MOSC0004] 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested 3.22v
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present 
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - measure 47.72v 
* AKM 4384ET (VDD 5v)
* Cirrus Logic CS4272-CZZ (VA 4.94v/ VD 3.2v/ VL 3.2v)
* all four HC4066 (VCC 4.96v)
* XMOS XS1-L01A-TQ128-C5 (all VDD 1.08v/ all VVDIO 3.23v/ PPLAVDD 0.99v/ PCU-VDDIO 3.23v)
2i4S
*TP1 seems to be 0V
*TP2 should be 5V
*TP3 should be 
*TP6 should be 48V
*TP8 should be 3.3V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps JRC NJM2122 and NJM4565, [https://statics.cirrus.com/pubs/proDatasheet/CS4272_F1.pdf CS4272 adc], [https://pdf.datasheet.live/e5e5fd1c/akm.com/AK4384.pdf AK4384 output pair], Xmos XS1-L8A-64-TQ128 processor and firmware in Winbond 25X40CL 4Mbit, an SMSC Microchip USB3343 interface and a Microchip PL611 clock generator - two Intersil / Renesas ISL97519A for the phantom power rail, two OnSemi NCP1521B for the 3.3V (digital) and 1V (Xmos core) rails - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite iTrack Solo USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 1st Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://wiki.linuxaudio.org/wiki/current_audio_gear Focusrite ] Scarlett 4i4 Gen  MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen1 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , , 12v psu, the headphone outs mirror the outs on the back panel, so that's six independent outs. 4 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2019/03/38-focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen1-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 1st Gen MOSC0008]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, JRC NJM4565 provide most of the opamps, pair of JRC NJM2122's for inputs 1 and 2, [http://www.mouser.com/ds/2/76/cs4272_f1-43250.pdf Cirrus CS4272], 12v 1a +central psu to a pair of National Semiconductor LM2672 for 3.3V rail and the +6.9V rail, Xmos XS1–L16A–128 dual-row QFN package, firmware a Winbond 25X40C 4Mbit SPI Flash and an SMSC USB3343 interface chip, the two headphone outs are completely independent so 6 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Clarett+ 8Pre 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 great, expensive, maybe usb compliant?  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0006 
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz CS4272 as well as an additional AKM AK4384ET for the second stereo output pair, 4 screws under bottom rubber,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/07/focusrite-scarlett-2i4-2nd-gen-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 2i4 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0014]
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps NJM2122's, NJM4565's and CMOS switches (HEF4053 and HEF4066), CS4272 and a AKM AK4384ET, Xmos XU208-256-TQ64-C10 with firmware stored in a Macronix MX25L8006E 8Mbit flash memory, clocking by a Cirrus Logic CS2100, an MP1542 boost converter creates +6V and -6V rails, powering the opamps and the rest of the analog circuitry, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen2 MOSC0016
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 2nd Gen MOSC0019
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2024/03/focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen2-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 2nd Gen MOSC00]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Red 16Line 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 may not be compliant as Focusrite provides no drivers - 64-in/64-out Pro Tools - dual Thunderbolt 3 audio interface with ultra-low latency A-D/D-A conversion - Red Evolution mic preamps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 3rd Gen MOSC0024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant usb-c but usb2, preamps, ad/dc 24bit 192kHz, most Focusrite gen3 interfaces have encrypted processors, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i6 Gen3 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB2 class compliant device, but with custom mixer interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 3 (push in switches) MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8210
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB-c bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic xfr002c and cs4272 chips, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 3rd gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 3rd Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8214
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, , , no screws under the rubber pads on the bottom, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo Studio Mk3 USB Audio Interface MOSC0030 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Studio 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FractalAudio FM9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fractal Audio AM4 platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt Connect 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu UltraLite AVB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb not compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant?, usb-c, good pre amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU U2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  maybe not usb compliant, good but latest had hardware revision 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nuemann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb audio compliant, great pre-amps 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;neuralDSP Quad Cortex QC platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc compliant but plugins not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NeuralDSP QC Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neve Genesys Black G16 G32 G64
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant - very good very expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, usb1.1 usb-b bus powered, okay pre-amps, 24bit ADC 48Khz max, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Audiobox 1818VSL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox 44VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox 22VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|4 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, usb-b, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 6|8 USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe compliant, needs ext psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 24c 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 26c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus® Studio 68c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox USB 96 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, high preamp noise, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Quantum ES2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism Lyra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb- UAC2 asynchronous protocol, 64dB Low-noise Mic amplifier, 32Bit High End ADC and DAC, 16dBu High-power ti headphone amplifier
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface/UC/UFX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 might be able to put into class compliant cc although a firewire device, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface Pro FS  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 might be class compliant usb-b, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ Mk1 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL12 SSL18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, bus powered, good pre-amps, up to 32-bit 192kHz AD/DA converters, 12-in 8-out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ MkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, good pre amps ein -130 dBu, ad/dc, okay latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping E1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping Pro E2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UAD UA Apollo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo 2nd Gen twin X (Duo/Quad), X4, X6, X8, X8P, and X16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo twin x quad 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Universal Audio Volt 276 2|76 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI01 Electromusic Interface Expander - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 4-in/4-out USB 2.0 audio interface with a built-in USB hub and MIDI I/O, up to 24-bit/96kHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI02 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Alesis io2 io|2, io14 io|14, io26 io|26 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered but not usb compliant, okay pre-amps, 2, 4 or 8 mics respectively, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis iO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Core 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe cc, mini usb, poor latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire only, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel two‑in, two‑out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb for basic features, , , single‑channel up to 48kHz
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant usb- and maybe aa batteries, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble Thunderbolt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Boom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ART PRO Audio Usb Mix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 1 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;01000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 mbox original was usb1 and not a usb class compliant device, and had the much hated &quot;focusrite designed&quot; mic preamps, light blue front plate and the sticky out feet 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Pro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Micro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVID MBox 3rd gen Mini or Standard but Pro is Firewire 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;behringer u-control uca202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x8bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, draws a lot of power - dac ti burr-brown - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-CONTROL UCA 222 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 maybe usb compliant,  - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Black Lion Audio 2x2 evolution 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant but , okay with 109dB range - poor noise floor, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic CS4272, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 11s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 22s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge BMG22 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb-c, 24bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower , may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2702E PCM2704 PCM2704C Muse Audio Mini USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2704
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2900 PCM2902 PCM2906 USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2900
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng MD22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 2|6 em2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2m 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ego Systems, Inc. in Korea (ESI) joining with RIDI GmbH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi Mixvibes U46 Mk II USB audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ESU22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U24XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 24 bits, 2 analogue inputs and outputs with 6.3 mm jack connection, Output L can be used as a headphone output, S / PDIF digital input - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U46XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MAYA22USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MAYA44USB+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered,  xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MARA22XTU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI U22XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Gigaport Ex
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 usb compliant?, usb-c usb3.1, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectAUDIO2+ icaudio-02 USB audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LexiconPro - Omega 8x4x2 (USB-1.1)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Alpha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Lambda
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 may not be compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Toneport UX1 and Tone Port UX2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 TonePort UX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio UX1 UX2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lokchonk UX22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljSiNmudMm0 Lokchonk UX44HD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b , , , 2in 2out only, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Artist 1·2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Producer 2X2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Blackjack
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 USB powered but maybe not usb compliant, Two Onyx Preamps, 2-in, 2-out which are combo Neutrik-type connectors to handle XLR, instrument or line level 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Media Assistance USB-One
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not uac cc comliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe not usb compliant, - guitar 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb cc providing 24-bit/96kHz audio capabilities but requires manual configuration of the mixer settings 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 usb compliant?, okay - guitar and vocal mainly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://htyp.org/M-Audio/Fast_Track_Ultra/Linux M-Audio FastTrack Ultra] and Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, low round-trip latency, okay octane pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 2x2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre-amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track (MkII) 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track Solo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf shielding, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf sheild, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Air
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, okay 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI AK1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.pogo.org.uk/~mark/linuxdj/ Native Instruments Traktor Audio 8 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 4 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 2 DJ], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1978, 0x0839, 0x041C 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, [https://mixxx.discourse.group/t/problems-with-native-instruments-audio-8-dj-on-linux/14719/2 Audio 8 device has 4 subunits which are not recognized correctly], Cirrus Logic DACs spec'd at 24-bit/96KHz over a USB2, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Audio 6 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 96kHz adc, ocassional dropouts, plastic build top with metal around 3/4, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Komplete Audio 1 and 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, good pre amp ein -129.5 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://support.native-instruments.com/hc/en-us/articles/360014683497-Apple-Silicon-Compatibility-News Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk2] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 192kHz adc, black aluminum glass build, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Native Instruments Traktor Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 2x4 NOVHUB01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, no xlr, focusrite sounds inside, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe Studio 22 Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 gaming headsets mostly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-3 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-30 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA1A UA-1D Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-5 Audio Capture (Roland)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1000 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1EX, Cakewalk UA-1G  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant driver also supports ASIO (Steinberg Audio Stream I/O Interface), noisy 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Duo Capture UA-11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland QUAD-CAPTURE Analog 2x2 Digital 2x2 USB 2.0 4in/4out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant, usb-b powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/Setup Roland Edirol UA-101 and UA-1000 (Clemens Ladisch driver)]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/mmueller-kaffeeschluerfercom/UA-25-Firmware-Modification Roland Edirol ua-25]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 maybe usb compliant 16bit 44.1kHz sampling without MIDI but not USB class complient when in Advanced mode for 24bit or midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edirol by Roland USB AudioCapture UA-25EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00e6, 0x00e7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant if ADVANCED DRIVER switched to OFF might play and record at 44.1kHz and 16-bit samples 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Audio Interface V-Studio 20 VS-20 Cakewalk
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Quad Cakewalk 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x012f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not USB class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland DUO-CAPTURE EX UA-22 USB Audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0159
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant but not be used with a USB 3.0 port that is not compatible with USB 2.0 specification, vs pre amps, adc, three AA batteries in base, or an AC adapter psb-1u 9V 2A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix22 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix24 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg (2004 Yamaha buys) MIDI interface hardware including the CC like CC121 CC-121 and CI1 CI2 series.
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR12 UR22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44 usb audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR242 audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, usb powered or 5v psu, okay pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, okay pre-amps ein -123 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR-RT 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, usb2.0 usb-b, pre-amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44C (USB3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg URX22C UR22C  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, preamps okay but little noisy, ad/dc. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22 MkIII UR series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb-c, okay pre-amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.USB 2x2 (Loud technologies WA, USA) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not compliant, usb-b, poor pre-amps hum, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://git.alsa-project.org/?p=alsa-tools.git;a=blob;f=usx2yloader/README;hb=3843634ef0310a952b256bcb6a4ddd0ad4ebe396 Teac Tascam US-422 US-428 US2XYloader] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122 US-224 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb compliant, needing firmware usx2yloader/us122fw.ihx for audio sound card - Tascam US-122 and US-122L are not the same - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x800e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, obsolete needs tascam_loader.ihx and us122fw.ihx firmware loaded each time unless automated 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US122 US-122 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US144 US-144 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-200 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac US-366 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-600 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-800 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam iU2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant?, 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb compliant?, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;teyun q12 Q-12, q22 Q-22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teyun q26 Q-26, q24 Q-24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UW500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 3 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp, 16bit 44kHz adc no advanced features without dedicated asio driver, 1 xlr, 1 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 6 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, okay, 2 xlr, 2 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC-232 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.arcam.co.uk/products,rseries,usb-dacs,rPAC.htm Arcam rPac] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioquest Dragonfly 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioengine D1 Premium 24-bit DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 (Burr Brown PCM 1716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 + Burson Buffer + MK3 JKSPDIF
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://epiphany-acoustics.co.uk/products-page/dacs/e-dac-24bit-miniature-usb-dac/ Epiphany E-DAC 24bit] ES9023 DAC chip 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio FUBAR II Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio iLoveTW 24Bit USB DAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO D5 ta2020 chip amp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E07K Andes 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E17 Alpen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Magnum 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Martini-U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Vulcan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Halide Design DAC HD (Wolfson WM8716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HRT Steamer II USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;John Kenny JKDAC uses a 24-bit/192&amp;nbsp;kHz Sabre ES9022 DAC or better JKDAC32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iBasso D12  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Leckerton UHA-6S MKII  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MyST 1866 PortaDAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Objective DAC ODAC+O2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rega DAC (Wolfson WM8742) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.henryaudio.com/open-source.php Henry Audio USB DAC 128 also known as QNKTC AB-1.2 open source DAC] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Henry Audio mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AKM4430 DAC chip comes from Asahi Kasai 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DevilSound USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KingRex UD-01 SE (Burr-Brown PCM 2702E) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SuperPro 24/192 USB DAC (24bit 192&amp;nbsp;kHz, CS-4398 D/A chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM108 7.1ch emulation I2S in and out
| 0x1926
| 0x0003
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| [http://www.lindy.co.uk/usb-2-audio-adapter/42961.html Lindy USB 2.0] (Chipset CM108)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Speed-Link SL-8850-SBK Vigo ([http://mightyohm.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1036#p1030 CMedia CM108])
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode USB SOUNDCARD 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1130
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode Virtual 7.1 USB-SOUND7 (C-Media )
| 0x0d8c
| 0x000c 0x000e
| 1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Generic White box with very little red led and white USB lead (CMedia )
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0c000e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| CM109 CiT SC-U119 5.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM1197.1ch I2C MCU port Penguin 
| 0x0D8C
| 0x0000
| 0x010
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sweex 7.1 Startech External USB, WMA Blue metal box SYBA SD-AUD20040, Sabrent USB-SND8, Sewell Vantec NBA-200U (C-Media CM6206 CM106 like) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;50/50 if the item is detected but does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Labs SoundBlaster X-fi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi Go 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Sound Blaster Play! USB sound adapter (SB1140) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; working with [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=646431&amp;postcount=15 Deneb on OS3] 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U1 (ASUS UA100 USB Audio Chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Griffin iMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Transit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Icemat Siberia (steel series) (Cmedia chipset) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMTek HY554, ZyXEL NSA-220, Logilink (Tenx Technology TP6911 and SSS-1623 headphone set) 
| 0x0C76 0x1130
| 0x1605 0x1607  0xf211
| 0x
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; reports on other OS not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plantronics &quot;DSP Adapter-01&quot; (or &quot;USB Adapter-02&quot;) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rocksmith Real Tone Cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RSA Intruder Predator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech ICUSBAUDIO7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stoner Acoustics UD100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac UDH01-B  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TerraTec Electronic GmbH Aureon Dual USB
| 0x0ccd
| 0x0077 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Phase26
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust 510 EX 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech A-5572A USB 2.0  to 3.5mm jacks Virtual 7.1 Surround Sound Adapter or accessory of Logitech Clearchat pro USB or Logitech USB Headset H530 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x046D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-10 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  maybe cc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-12 USB-C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe cc usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Amigo Micro II USB Sound Card &amp; Headset Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x10F5
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0211
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vantec NBA-100U 7.1 Channel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}

 Companies including Access, Alesis, Allen&amp;Heath, American Audio, CME, ESI, Infrasonic, Lexicon, Numark, Presonus, Reloop, SIMS, Sound Devices, Steinberg, Swissonic, Tascam, Terrasoniq, Terratec, Yamaha and Yellowtec decided to license and bundle this driver. So fully functional custom drivers are available for Access Virus TI, Access Virus TI snow, Alesis Multimix 8 USB2.0, Alesis Multimix 16 USB2.0, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:2D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:3D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:4D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DX, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DB4, American Audio Versa Port, CME XCORPIO, ESI ESU1808, ESI Gigaport AG / DG, ESI Maya 44 USB, Infrasonic Amon, Lexicon I-ONIX U22, Lexicon I-ONIX U42S, Lexicon I-ONIX U82S, Mindprint DI-MOD USB, Numark DJ IO, Numark NS6, Numark NS7, Numark Omni Control, Numark V7, Presonus Audiobox USB, Reloop Digital Jockey, SIMS Primus, Sound Devices USB pre, Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4, Swissonic Easy USB, Tascam M-164UF, Tascam US-122L, Tascam US-144, Tascam US-Tascam US-144mkII 122mkII, Tascam US-200, Tascam US-600, Tascam US-1641, Tascam US-1800, Tascam US-2000, Terratec Area 61, Terrasoniq Phase X64, Terratec Phase 26 USB, Yamaha UW10, Yamaha UW500, Yellowtec PUC2 and many others.

Well, those companies are using the same driver framework because all of those interfaces use the same microprocessor/firmware architecture to communicate with the USB bus. Just like almost all FireWire audio interfaces use the same TC Dice or BridgeCo chipsets. Usually it does not make sense for companies to develop their own USB1.1/USB2/FW framework for a product they are going to sell for &lt;$500.

However, that isn't the end of the story. The companies who develop audio interfaces implement different features into their devices and must update the driver and firmware to accommodate those features. That is where things can go wrong. Sometimes there is miss-communication about how things are coded, sometimes the developer who started a project leaves without transferring his knowledge to his successor, etc. You have to keep in mind that there are no &quot;big&quot; computer audio companies. Even the companies that seem big in the scale of the market, probably have fewer employees than you'd think.

A very well made interface that is designed from scratch from the ground up would be a very expensive device, regardless of whether it's USB, FW, PCIe or whatever.

Round-trip latency is the sum of the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
    ASIO input buffer
    ASIO output buffer
    A/D D/A converter latency
    The driver's hidden safety buffer
&lt;/pre&gt;
At a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k, Tascam units yield ~18ms total round-trip latency.

Typical USB audio interfaces use a large hidden safety buffer.
This helps ensure glitch-free playback... even under less than ideal circumstances. But... this comes at the expense of much higher round-trip latency. Short of doubling the sample-rate, there's no means of mitigating the higher round-trip latency.
If you have no plans of ever monitoring in realtime thru software based EFX/processing (ie: playing/monitoring DI bass thru an AmpSim plugin as you're playing), then this may not matter to you.
If you want the ability this play/monitor in realtime thru software based EFX/processing, make sure to get an audio interface that yields low round-trip latency.

As a point of reference the best PCI/e audio interfaces yield about 5ms total round-trip latency at a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k
The best Firewire and USB units yield 5.5-5.6ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.
Typical USB and Firewire units (that use a large hidden safety buffer) yield 12-18ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.

Anything above ~6ms starts to feel sluggish.
Anything above ~10ms feels like playing thru molasses.


USB Microphones 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;C-Media Electronics, Inc. CM108 Audio Controller Mic
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x013c 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato WaveMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver lightweight }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx solocast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx quadcast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sennheiser CC510 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis USB-Mic microphone podcasting kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2020 (AT202) AT4040
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2035 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball iCE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardioid only }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL 2001A/600 Studio Microphone Pack / MXL 2003A Studio Condenser
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeChat LX-3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Namtai SingStar(TM) PS2 SCEH-0001 USBMIC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1415
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mono microphones }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren Mini USB Condenser Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rockband USB Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A VideoMic Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode Podcaster 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| RODECaster Pro usb audio compatible}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A NT2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  NT2 better }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland R-07
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic - Portable USB Microphone for Recording 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mini usb r.h.s. and clip on the bottom left hand side}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic Clip On USB Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| switch to choose between Cardiod, Omni and -10&amp;nbsp;dB modes, a 3.5mm headphone socket and a USB socket}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C01U  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardoid only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C03U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7 USB Podcast Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7+ XLR &amp; USB-C dynamic microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY PCM-D50 handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PCM-M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TASCAM DR-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008, one mini usb out, lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009, one mini usb out, aa battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011, one mini usb port for file transfer and charging the AA batteries }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  mini usb aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 , one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40X
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb 3 aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40XP
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-100mkIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0095
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0120
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 no driver, mini usb 5V and display will alternate between USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f press the Record. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested, 2xlr, 5v mini usb, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 no driver, 5v mini usb, 2 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1n-vp handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 untested usb a cord, no hdmi, 480p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3HD Handy Video Recorder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 untested, built in usb-a cord, mini hdmi, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries, H.264 movies 480p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q2HD Handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested, up 720p but no stablisation, mini usb cord, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio Technica ATR4697-USB Boundary Microphone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CAD Audio CAD USB Condenser Boundary Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL AC-44 Boundary Conferencing Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Audio SAUB1 Boundary Microphone (USB)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


USB Speakers 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focal XS 2.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


USB Headset Wired/Wireless 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Logitech Vantage Wired (came free with PS2 Socom3)
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G330 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech Premium USB Stereo Headset 350
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics DSP-300 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics GameCom 777
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G-930 Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/set-usb-wireless-earphones/ Plantronics Audio 995 Wireless RF] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Sennheiser  Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be1e0QPIPK0 Mixers]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALESIS MULTIMIX 4 CHANNEL USB MIXER
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB FX (USB 1.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 18v 500mA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB 2.0 FX (USB 2.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen&amp;Heath MixWiz16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen and Heath ZED Power 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 8 xlr, usb-b out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen &amp; Heath ZEDi-10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX 302USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 5-Input Mixer/Audio Interface - 1 xlr - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q502USB Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 1 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q802USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEHRINGER XENYX 1204USB 8-Channel 2-Bus Mixer USB/Audio Interface Studio/Live
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle psu lead - can develop constant background hiss over time 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX X1222USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver - 12-Channel Analog Mixer with USB Interface and Effects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng HT-7 HT7USB 7 Channel Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2023 cheap no driver, USB MP3 player to work, format your USB stick Fat32 as a Logical drive - not primary}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng XT7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng DT8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Spirit soundcraft Folio FX8 with Lexicon Effects Processor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} unusual power connector - [https://github.com/lack/soundcraft-utils usb routing] -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver, cheap mixer with 3pin ac input (introduces noise) and 1 usb-a port}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7-Pro 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic A80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2024 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


Mixer no hardware usb 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALTO Lynx MIX82FX Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alto L16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MXUL5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MX602A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB502
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 17.5V 3pin psu needed}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB802 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 4 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer RX1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 802 XENYX 8-Input 2-Bus Mixer Small Format Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 18.5V ???ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 502 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IMG stage Line MMX-122 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, iec cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 802VLZ4 Mackie 802-VLZ4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb , psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 1202-VLZ Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, mains iec}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix5 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 18v 300mA psu - 5 Channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix8 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 9v x2 600mA psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie MIX12FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, 9v 500mA x2 psu, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.soundcraft.com/en/product_documents/en/owners_manual Soundcraft] Spirit Folio F1 Fader 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 16 Channel Mixer - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Harman Soundcraft EPM 12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle power lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM 16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 8FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 124FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, 14.8V x2 3 pin psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;t.mix xmix 1402fx mp usb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, mains iec, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
|}


==Webcameras==

A USB camera has two dedicated chips: a controller or bridge and an image sensor.

There was no Commodore support for video interfaces. The only commercial, now discontinued application that defined some sort of standard was VHI Studio by iospirit.

===OLD standards===

See [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_supported_e.html support pages] and [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_faq_e.html here] and some [http://webcam-osx.sourceforge.net/cameras/index.php?orderBy=status further compatibility]


Pencam STV680
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AIPTEK stv680 
| 0x0553 
| 0x0202 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Konica e-mini 
| 0x04c8 
| 0x0722 
|
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| DigitalDream l'espion XS 
| 0x1183 
| 0x0001 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://reviews.cnet.com/webcams/creative-webcam-go/1707-6502_7-1446174.html Creative WebCam Go mini] 
| 0x041e 
| 0x4007 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


SonixcamTool (Sonix webcams and derivates)

'''Note [http://amigadev.free.fr/sonix/ some] Sonix Webcams with a Sonix SN9C1xx controller ''and'' a pas106b or tas5110c1b sensor support bulk mode which works even with pciusb.device!'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Macally IceCam II
| 0x0c45
| 0x05d8
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Sweex MiniCam 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6005 
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110c1b}}
|-
| Macally IceCam Portable 
| 0x0c45
| 0x6007
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110d}}
|-
| Sweex 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6009 
| 0x0101
| {{yes|bulk works - sensor pas106b}}
|-
| [http://www.epinions.com/pr-Chicony_TwinkleCam_Webcam/display_~full_specs Chicony Twinkle DC-2110A] 
| 0x0c45
| 0x600d
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45
| 0x601e
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| USB PC Camera (SN9C102)
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6028
| 
| {{no|no - sn9c10x + pas202b}}
|-
| Trust SpaceC@m 120 and 150
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6029
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor pas106a}}
|-
| HiRes Webcam Live
| 0x0c45 
| 0x602c
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| [http://www.sweex.com/en/assortiment/sound-vision/webcams/JA000020 Sweex USB Webcam 300K]
| 0x0c45
| 0x608f
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Speedlink Sphere Webcam SL-6820, 350K
| 0x0c45
| 0x613c
| 0x0101
| {{N/A|untested - sensor HV7131R}}
|-
| WB-3250P
| 0x0c45
| 0x613e
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6207
| 
| {{no|no}}
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
micromaxx USB Camera 	STM 	1363 	514 	works 	---
USB Tower 	Lego 	1684 	1 	works 	need NCQ
Trust Spycam 100plus 	STM 	1363 	514 	works
&lt;/pre&gt;


ov51x.class - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link VGA Webcam (640x480) 
| 0x05a9
| 0x8519
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Logitech/Logicool Black (ov519) SCEH-0004 
| 0x054c
| 0x0154
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Namtai Silver (ov519) SLEH-00031 SLEH-00030
| 0x054c
| 0x0155
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


===UVC.class - [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set USB Device Class Definition for Video Devices or USB Video Class]===

 AROS does not supported as still needs an uvc.class which might create a virtual UVC.VHI or an expanded streaming device driver for use by AROS apps 

*2003 UVC 1.0 baseline streaming of uncompressed YUV422, MJPEG, and compressed MPEG-2 TS, DV 
*2005 [http://www.cajunbot.com/wiki/images/8/85/USB_Video_Class_1.1.pdf UVC 1.1] baseline HD 720p streams formats, usb2 support, 
*2012 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set UVC 1.5] added usb3 devices and compressed h.264 and VP8 formats 
*2019 the market is filled with UVC Compliant USB HDMI Capture


*Aros needs to read the camera’s class-specific Video Control (VC) unit and terminal descriptors.
*Identifies the devices as UVC-compatible and links it to the native UVC class driver, so no separate driver installation is required.
*Aros and camera determine the appropriate streaming settings, including format, resolution, and frame rate.
*Once set, video data moves from the image sensor to the onboard ISP, then through the USB controller and into the host system for viewing, analysis, or recording 
*More advanced functions, such as HDR, ROI, and hardware trigger support, can be managed 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HD VS009
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k 60hz ok for chat streams}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HDMI HDR Game Live Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| for chat streams }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AJA U-tap HDMI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASUS TUF CU4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATEN CAMLIVE HDMI to USB-C UVC Video Capture adapter UC3020 HDMI (F) TO USB-C M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 possibly UVC and UAC standard support allows up to 1080P @ 60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Live Streamer Cap 4K - BU113 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc usb3}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC515 video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra GC553
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra S GC553PROW 302AGC553DL2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1553
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 powered by good quality type C USB3 cable and 4K HDMI 2.0 cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVermedia Live Gamer Mini GC311 302AGC311DG9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1311
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc compliant up to 1080p 60fps capture and supports internal hardware H.264 encoding - if flashing blue light try another '''quality''' micro usb cable - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Ez Recorder 330 (ER330) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 designed to work independently and is generally not compatible as a plug-and-play UVC capture card }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer extreme3 GC551G2 (LGX3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3551
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc compliant for intensive gaming streams, some vrr but no hdr with maximum recording resolution of 4K30/1080p60 from fully wired usb3 compatible cable - passing through 4K60/1080p120 Game Capture video capturing device HDMI}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra Pro GC553Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 usb3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra 2.1 GC553G2 61GC553G20BV video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC575
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVMatrix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ClonerAlliance Flint 4KP Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DIGITNOW U600 video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io HD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/elgatosf/capture-device-support Elgato HD60 S+]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x006C, 0x006E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 4K 30FPS capture, 1080p 60FPS uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60 X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K HDMI video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 uvc compliant but can have usb disconnects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 lite USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 USB 3.0 device }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 Pro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap Game Link Raw - ezcap321 usb3.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 2160p30, 1080p120 and 1440p60 HDMI input and pass-through. - 1080p120, 2160p30 and 1440p60 recording. - Latency less than 50ms uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCap GameDock Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 record at 4K30, 1440p60, and 1080p120}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap 360 Game Capture Extreme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 USB 3.0, 4K 60FPS passthru and 1080p 240FPS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCAP 364 GameDock Extreme 2.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genki ShadowCast 1 &amp; 2, the Pro version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HAUPPAUGE HD PVR Pro 60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  4K in/Out 1080P 60fps Capture and Streaming PC Connected and Stand Alone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;INOGENI 4K2USB3 2830 3826 HDMI 4K to USB 3.0 UHD 1080p Video Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2997
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 uvc compliant made in Canada - usb3-b socket and 1 hdmi 1080p from 23.98 up to 60p, 4K@30 fps maybe - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kondor Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nanjing Magewell Electronics Co ltd USB 3.0 XI100DUSB-HDMI Pro Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB3.0 Silver HDMI Full HD Video Capture Device 1080p 32011 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 usb audio extract HDMI embedded audio output via headphones}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI PLUS 2K 32040 320400000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 captures video up to 1920×1200, 1920×1080 or 2048×1080 at 60 fps over an HDMI capture from devices such as game consoles in up to DCI 4Kp60 4:2:0 input resolution, and it automatically upscales/downscales the signal to 2K for recording or streaming}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI Gen2 32060 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 1080p gets hot, 165M HDMI receiver, max input 2048x1080 60fps 4:4:4, RGB/YUV 4:4:4 8/10/12-bit, YUY 4:2:2 12-bit, up to 8-channel 24-bit HDMI-embedded audio at 192kHz, HDMI 1.4a, output from 480p to 1080p, YUY2/UYVY/RGB24/RGB32 support video cropping, up/down scaling, de-interlacing, aspect ratio conversion, color format conversion, frame rate conversion, flip and mirror, up to 2-channel IEC60958 audio streams, 5V 0.5A 2.5W, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K Plus 32090 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 limited by the bandwidth of USB 3.0, the maximum frame rate can only reach 30 fps when capturing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell Pro Convert IP to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Captures one network eth NDI® High Bandwidth, NDI® HX2, NDI® HX3 sources or H.264/H.265 video source into software at resolutions up to 1080p60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Fusion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|versatile USB video capture device that allows users to switch between two HDMI inputs and one USB webcam input for live presentations}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND UVC-01 USB Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc. MiraBox HSV321 ARX321 Video Capture device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;ox1bcf
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2c99
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGREEN CM716 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| uvc uac but disable HDCP on your source device (PS4/PS5, Xbox) }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionTek UVC HD60 Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Aspire Crystal Eye AOA110 AOA150 0.3M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2008 webcam }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer CAM 313 (PW313) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2019 uvc 1080p/30 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2021 uvc 1080p/60 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://reviews.cnet.co.uk/webcams/creative-live-cam-optia-af-review-49294183/ Creative Live Cam Optia AF] 2.0M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR macro extensions + a cheap 50mm E-Series lens + some PVC tubing and a negative holder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera chosen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR scanning using a macro lens, for the adapter, for a 3d printed negative holder) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C270 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0825
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|720p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C910 C920 HD Pro 5Megapixels 720p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C920s c922 HD Pro 5Megapixels 1080p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Brio 100 300 500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}} 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MX Brio 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft's LifeCam HD-3000 HD-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x0779
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.06
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Cinema 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} sony imx179 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 1/2.8” Sony IMX291 image sensor, it's a 2MP, UVC-compliant, ultra-wide-angle, low light, high-speed USB 2.0 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} OV5648 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;razer kiyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 4 megapixel sensor 1080p 30fps 720p 60fps - 12 led ring light adjustable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet C068 1.3mpixel HTD USB2.0 Camera Vimicro Z-Star Corp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0AC8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x3420 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x01FA
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wltechblog/thingino-installers/tree/main/wyze-cam-4 Wyze Cam V4] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0QLiC9QoQU firmware]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| verified with os04d10 sensor (i2c 0x3c) but not GC4653 (i2c 0x29)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;YEALINK(XIAMEN) NETWORK UVC50 is compatible with the UVC 1.1 protocol CP960-UVC50 and CP960-UVC80 kits PTZ, CP960-UVC30 Kit is UVC 1.5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amcrest ProHD 1080P WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera - 1080P (1920TVL), [https://www.ispyconnect.com/man.aspx%3Fn%3DAmcrest IP2M-841] nvr 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} h264/rtsp, motion detection, features Sony image sensor and Ambarella processor - rtsp://[username]:[password]@[IPaddress]:[port]/cam/realmonitor?channel=[channel]&amp;subtype=[stream] - [username] - username to login to the DVR or NVR, [password] - password, [IPaddress] - IP address of the device. If you are not on the same local network, this should be the external IP address of the device's network, [port] - port number, [channel] - channel number of the stream, [stream] - view the Main or Sub stream. (main stream is 0, sub stream is 1) , eg. rtsp://admin:admin@192.108.1.108:80/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&amp;subtype=1 - utilizing RTSP ( rtsp://user:pass@ipcam1 )  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Axis all modern ones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg or MJPEG over HTTP
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PTZ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DLink DCS-5222 5222L network camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} camera streams H.264 over RTP controlled by RTSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dlink DCS900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview 1080p [http://marc.merlins.org/perso/linuxha/post_2013-11-10_Reviewing-IP-Webcams-for-Linux-and-Zoneminder_Dlink-DCS900_-Ubnt-Aircam_-Foscam-FI8904W-FI8910W_-FFI9820W_-FI9821W_-Wansview-NCB541W_-and-Zavio-F3210.html#NCM625GA NCM625GA] IP Camera WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera , Full HD Plug n Play Home Surveillance / Baby Monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg - play its HD stream without problem with vlc rtsp://ip/live/ch0 and getting  jpegs http://ipaddr/mjpeg/snap.cgi?chn=0 - methods involve transcoding h.264 video from the camera into jpeg's, which is cpu intensive - able to pull images manually, using http://username:password@ip/mjpeg/snap.cgi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview NCB541W
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Game Capture HD C281 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2011 standalone h.264 recording of up to component cable not hdmi but not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia GL310 Live Gamer Portable (LGP Lite)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working usb2 and USB Lite no uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable ([https://github.com/Trouffman/octv_gears_lgp Model C875])  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 usb2 no uvc}}   
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX Live Gamer extreme GC550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2015 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX2 Live Gamer extreme2 gc550 plus gc551 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia ExtremeCap UVC - BU110 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 maybe not uvc and uac}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable 2 Plus GC513 Micro-USB Capture Box LGP2 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1513
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 powered by a standard Micro-USB cable, video capture output up to 1080p60 capture to hdmi in, standalone sd card recording on exFAT or FAT32 of .MOV, 2160p pass-through hdmi out to tv - no vrr - [https://www.avermedia.com/uk/support/download#ans_part firmware latest 2.1.7.13, 2.1.7.14], SN74AVC8T245 8bit, DRV604 stereo, iTE IT6663FN hdmi 2.0 splitter, TLV320DAC3101 DAC, CS42L73 audio codec, CDCE913 PLL clock, W29N01HVSINA nand bios, I-Catch V35MA SOC CPU 32bit MIPS24K, ADV7480 hdmi mhl, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer 4K LG4K GC573 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc but [https://github.com/derrod/lg4k-linux drivers here], }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blackmagic intensity Extreme Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BlackMagic Intensity Pro 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2015 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Video Capture (1VC108601000)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD GCHD 2GC309901000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc https://github.com/tolga9009/elgato-gchd needs firmware mb86h57_h58_idle.bin and mb86h57_h58_enc_h.bin - mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60S Elgato Game Capture 4K60 S+ Video Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|non uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;August EZCap.tv model 116 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} poor audio recording 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;E-SDS Diamond Maplin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1212 HD PVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} analog and component only - PlayStation (.m2ts), AVCHD (ts), or XBox(.mp4) recording formats - switched the component output from the default YPbPr to RGB. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1431 1445 HD PVR Gaming Edition HDMI Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working, can get warm}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD Rocket 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD-PVR2 (model 145210 Rev E4) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xE502
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1480 1482 HD PVR 2 GE Gaming Edition HDMI Capture green LED - 1498 1503 1504 Plus version with Mac support 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe514 0xe524
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| can get warm - [https://ez.analog.com/video/w/documents/581/adv7482-design-support-files ADV7482] [https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9201075/ video chip] with Magnum DXT H.264 encoder blob, IDR keyframe generation poor - best for model 157210 and not 157221 and Game Edition Plus (model 157320) 2040:E505 E505-00-00AF1234 [http://www.hauppauge.com/site/support/linux.html#tabs-3 ]}} 
* HDMI: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480i, 720x576i, 640x480p60.
* Component: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60*, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480p60, 720x480i, 720x576i.
* Composite: 720x480i and 720x576i 
* Audio Inputs : HDMI PCM and RCA support with Adjustable Bitrate Quality 2 Channel AAC/AC3 audio codec 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1512 HD PVR 2 PC blue LED with optical in input on the back 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe525
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} can get quite warm - IR Blaster added - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge Colossus2 E585-00-00AF4321 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe585
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion SLIDES2PC 35mm Portable Slide &amp; Film Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion Pics 2 PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ION PowerScan USB film and slide scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Koolertron Sunny 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FilmScan35 35mm Film Negative Scanner 1304 marks spencer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;U3 HD Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/openrazer/openrazer Razer Ripsaw HD] Game Capture (RZ20-01780100)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2017 not uvc put in usb2 slot and use video BGR3 (Emulated) and OpenRazer drivers }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ripsaw HD USB HDMI Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0d01
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc compliant}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Silvercrest 35mm Photo Slide Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc but not great quality}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. Traveler TV 6500 SF Dia-scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0ac8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3370
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 not uvc and poor scans}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
|}


=== WebAR + WebVR = WebXR Headset ===

 AROS needs an usb based uvc.class to vhi like type driver for virtual display 

The primary engineering challenge of VR is motion sickness caused by a mismatch of visual and inner ear information, which is extremely well established as causing people to throw up in a wide range of contexts outside of VR. The experiences that make some people sick are low framerate. Foveated rendering doesn't solve vergence accommodation. Your eye will still be focused at infinity regardless of where you are looking, you'll just have the illusion that the foreground or background are out of focus. Eye tracking plus dynamic lenses (perhaps liquid lenses) or real light fields are necessary. 

First start with apps that have simple static features at first, then advance to dioramasa and teleportation options for 10, 20 minutes and then gradually upgrade over a timespan of four weeks to train your brain. Avoid smooth motion stuff like rollercoaster or mountain heights until much later. Even with this preparation, VR makes 40% of people seasick nausea. If so, you may be able to use VR glasses just to watch videos and some slow moving apps [https://www.emuvr.net/ emuVR] instead.

*2014-2019 1st Gen, low resolution, 
*2020-2025 2nd Gen, higher resolution, 
*2026-

Most hardware typically has a 1-3 year retail lifespan with 1-3 years of updates after. Really need &quot;right&quot; tethered PCVR rather than wireless. 
The advantage to being tethered to a PC is processing power. Any standalone headset is going to be running purely off of batteries.

VR and AR are known as XR

Technology will get immersed enough so not making people sick. Higher resolution, faster frame rates, and [https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack better tracking]. 
Eventually, hyper reality brings VR, AR and MR digital layers together as a less chaotic, optic tracking with no delay, agents understanding, experiences with objects 

3Dgs 4Dgs gassian splats bullet time slice photo snaps .ply for WebXR 

[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/hardware/ ], 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Big Screen Beyond 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 pcvr 2560 x 2560, fixed IPD,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 @75Hz 2688x2688 @90Hz over pancake lenses, 116 FOV, virtual screens, custom facial plate from iphone app, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, no passthrough, 107g-196g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2e 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 total up to 90Hz pancake lens 116 FOV adjustable IPD app needed for adjustment, eye tracking, custom face mask cushion, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, seperate head strap and speaker modules extra costs, 110g-300g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dpvr P1 Pro 4k Ultra Vr Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 wireless snapdragon, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DPVR P2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream MR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android modular 3840x3552 uoled per eye 90Hz or qled mura issues, Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, eye tracking and 11 cameras 7 sensors 22 ir leds 14ms latency and foveated rendering, 1.5hrs battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream GravityXR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 ultralight head gear gx100 3w }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/community/ Valve Index HMD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 tethered PC VR headset 1440 x 1600 120Hz, 108° and 104° FOV, fresnel lenses, SteamVR2 compatible tracking ir basestations, controllers aka Knuckles, dp 1.2 and usb3 cable proprietary cable end, no battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Valve Steam Frame (Valve Deckard / Valve’s Index 2) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 - 2160 x 2160 up to 144Hz pancake lens, 108° and 96° FOV, wifi 6 fovelated streaming, Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 with [https://github.com/FEX-Emu/FEX fex] arm-to-x86 x64 translation layer, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 PCVR with adapter, two, one for each eye, 2000 x 2040 resolution OLED panels from 90Hz 120Hz refresh rates,  fresnel lenses, 116° and 102° FOV, sony proprietary headset cable end, needs additional comfort options, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionPro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goertek glasses 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive ?
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| 2016 2x 1080x1200 needs external power supply, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Original 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 108° and 96° FOV}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 , uvc, at least 2 powered steamvr basestations so 3 to 5 wall warts in total, proprietary cable end, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 dual 1440x1600 oled displays, 116° and 100° FOV - steamvr 2.0 basestation 2 for 5m2 area 4 for 10m2 - steamvr 2.0 joypads - low latency wireless later - type USB-c headphone adapter required, [https://github.com/CertainLach/VivePro2-Linux-Driver Rust on Linux] with [https://github.com/santeri3700/vive-pro-2-on-linux Shell], proprietary cable end, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 company liquidated, 2 x 2312x2160 110 FOV pancake lenses, LynxOS android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen, openxr 1.1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://www.virtual-boy.com/forums/t/the-oculus-rift-dk1-thread/ DK1] with [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_T4DJyy2Bo wired razer hydra controllers]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2013 pcvr LCD 1280 × 800 resolution 640 × 800 per eye up to 110° FOV, and 3DoF rotational tracking via a 1000Hz 9-axis IMU (Accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer), no positional optical tracking either inside-out or outside-in, 380g, nausea issues, , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://github.com/facebookarchive/RiftDK2/tree/master DK2], [https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Oculus+Rift+Development+Kit+2+Teardown/27613 ifixit teardown] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 pcvr, 5.7&quot; Super AMOLED display with a resolution of 960 x 1080 per eye 100° field of view, 1 usb Positional Tracker DK2 camera, lots of wires}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook [https://github.com/thaytan/OpenHMD/tree/rift-kalman-filter Oculus Rift CV1] [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] [] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/issues/330 AMD usb issues] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/wiki/Xorg ] [https://github.com/Doc-Ok/OculusRiftCV1Camera Live Video] [https://www.youtube.com/@thaytan Youtube] [https://github.com/Fredrum/riftOnLinux Pi] [https://github.com/OhioIon/riftDriverPi ], but not quite there with the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSsCN6HFkWc consumer CV1], [https://forum.dcs.world/topic/142259-cv1-not-working-in-dcs/#comment-2878168 orange led could be HDMI Signal is not within HDMI Spec and might be Overclocked or usb3 not getting enough power frustrating],  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3031, 0x2031, 0x0031 and 0x0211 for 3p-a basestations lighthouses, 0x045e 0x02e6 for xbox wireless adapter 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 powered run from your PC maybe uvc via wired dual PenTile OLED 2160x1200 (1080x1200 per eye) @ exactly 90Hz but screen door effect (space between pixels), 87 FOV, IPD from 58mm to 72mm, good 3D audio and okay mic, constellation headset 6DOF (3-axis rotational tracking + 3-axis positional tracking) with up to 3 usb infrared basestation (1 in front and 2 behind pointing upwards) on usb3 and usb2 to your PC but the tracking can be fragile so set it up on a weekly basis, wired only HDMI 1.3, USB 3.0 bus powered with proprietary plug in headset, 470g 1lb front heavy, 2 robust 1st Gen touch controllers with external sensors i.e. outside-in - 1 aa alkaline over rechargable battery each , press occulus and B buttons for 2 secs to connect, headset traps air so gets very warm inside and random disconnects due to twisting action on the top of the headset and/or cables, t4 torx screws }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Go 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018 discontinued 2020 android based, 1280x1440 per eye 60Hz LCD, not gaming, no inside-out and limited self tracking, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Oculus Rift S [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0051 headset (cdc, audio, tracking data), 0x2052 usb hub, 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 PCVR wired dual LCD 1080 by 1200, 88 horizontal FOV, display port (fibre optic strands) and annoying USB3 copper cables (power, audio and other data) but proprietary port in the headset, cameras on the headset (&quot;inside-out&quot;) tracking so no base stations, non removeable head band and cushions and ipd hard to set, requires specific fragile Rift S/Quest1 2nd Gen Touch controllers which has a ring of translucent plastic with leds inside - t5 torx to disassemble for sticks drifting}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest 1 
*032Gb
*064Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0183 (single adb boot), 0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 android standalone wireless, 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, front heavy though, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, low clocked Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 (MSM8998) (4x Kryo 280 Gold cores ARM Cortex-A73) + (4x Kryo 280 Silver A53), 2 to 3 hrs play time, 575g, 2nd Gen touch controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 2 KW49CM aka Codename Del Mar [https://www.meta.com/en-gb/help/quest/967070027432609/ fragile 3rd Gen Touch controllers] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cgejky8ZeoM internal battery] and selling over 20 million, more than all other quest headsets combined 
*064Gb 
*128Gb (110Gb free) 
*256Gb 
Setup continuous wifi, create Meta Oculus account, [https://developers.meta.com/horizon/ verify dev account, click on My apps], [ create Organization -&gt; My Organization Groupings], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPInS5xxF-0 finally, meta quest mobile app to switch on adb], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5010 (), 0x0083 (massstorage), 0x0086 (), 0x0186 (adb and xrsp [https://github.com/shinyquagsire23/xrsp_tests tests]), 0x0090 (composite adb), 0x0081 (), 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0419
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 android stand alone, lcd 1832x1920 per-eye 90Hz refresh rate, 97 FOV, fresnel lenses, 6DOF (degrees of freedom), 58-63-68 IPD settings, low clocked Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 1 apps with Meta Link cable USB-C usb3.2 pcvr maybe, b/w but no color passthrough, 6 t2 torx and 5 ph00 screws in headset (long bit), discontinued December 31, 2024, feature updates until December 2026, critical bug fixes and security updates until December 2027, 470g, Oculus + B button on right controller (move) and Menu + Y button on left controller (click) for about 3 seconds, 10W 5v 2a, RTL8153 chipset usb support, 
*V60 unable to 
*V77 pcvr issues 
*V79 unable to }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest Pro aka Codename Seacliffe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 android standalone wireless 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, 106° and 96° FOV mini lcd local dimming, pancake lenses, limited eye tracking, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, higher clocked snapdragon xr2 gen 1 arm cpu Arm apps, 1 to 2 hrs play time, new pro controllers with 3 cameras each, battery at rear, wireless charging, color passthrough, 9V 3A or 5V 3A, 
*v77 capped wifi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 3 aka Codename Eureka [ Air Light ALVR] or [ WiVRn] with fragile touch plus q3 controllers 
*128Gb
*512Gb
streaming from PC with [https://github.com/alvr-org/Monado-ALVR ALVR], runtime of [https://monado.freedesktop.org/ Monado steamvr alternative openxr openVR], with Envision GUI, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 standalone, pancake lenses on lcd 2064 x 2208 res panel per eye 1200ppi - 104° and 96° FOV - up to 120Hz, Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 apps,  foveated rendering, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, headstrap clamshell or halo style, speaker arms fragile, color passthrough, 510g, 18W 9v 2A or 15W 5V 3A, 
*v74 ok }}
*v76 pcvr issues }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Quest 3S aka Codename Ventura 
*128Gb
*256Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 cpu, lcd 1832 x 1920 fresnel lenses, 97 FOV, headphone arms fragile, better air flow, no promixity sensor inside, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, passthrough, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Boba 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 ultra-wide 180° x 120° FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Tiramisu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027  µOLED displays with 90 pixels per degree,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 5K Super Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K-X 8KX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Light 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 2160 x 2160 4k 120Hz, 115° and 96° FOV, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, variable qc and customer service, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Super 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 3640 x 3640 4k 90hz, 116°+ and 100° FOV,  eye tracking, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air with Lighthouse(s)  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 tethered 3840 by 3552 @90Hz micro oled with pancake lens, 100 HFOV 96 VFOV but FOV IPD changes in app, link box for headset 2 split y cables, removable face gasket, 290g, steamVR2 bases and controllers, eye tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air SLAM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026  Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) tracking inside-out so no base stations,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://somniumspace.com/ Somnium VR One VR1] [https://portal.vrgineers.com/user-guide/software/ open source] VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr 2880 x 2880 per eye @90 @120Hz, 125° horizontal 100° vertical FOV, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 bases, passthrough, 900g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero VR-1 Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 psu needed, 2 x Mini LED binocular of 150 nits, 2880x2720 per, 90Hz, FOV 102° horizontal, 73° vertical, 720g with headstrap, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 basestations, no speakers/mic, hdmi and usb3.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Camelo La Melaza Music Shield 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 no usb only bluetooth ,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;InAir 2 elite suite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar  nits 46FOV , , 4h battery life, 80g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oakley Vanguard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 100in 46FOV 650nits, usb-c 79g  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3S Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 135in virtual display 46FOV 1200nits, usb-c 80g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AR oled vision 4000 processing, HDR10, 47 FOV }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid Max 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 50 FOV 650nits, usb-c back left, 76g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid AI Spatial with Station 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 600nits 147in 50FOV  75g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ar ai smart glass}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 135in 46 FOV 1000nits, magnetic connector, 77g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE XR Luma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 1200p 50 FOV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 152in 52 FOV 1000nits 1200p, 3dof, , 79g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 in  FOV, 2 cameras, 3dof 6dof,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wheaney/XRLinuxDriver Viture Luma Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Beast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 1250nits 58FOV 174in, magnetic,  88g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE Beast X Glasses models (Immersive 3D Moonlight) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 based 2D to 3D conversion with support DP Alt Mode (DisplayPort over USB-C), 1200p, 3df tracking, practic lenses 58deg POV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xreal One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 600nits, 50FOV, 3dof, usb-c 84g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XReal One Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 700nits 57FOV 171in, usb-c, x1 3dof, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , micro-oled 1080p, audio, virtual uvc ar displays, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Real3D 1S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AI based 2D to 3D conversion 57 FOV, , virtual uvc ar displays not vr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xiami XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xtal 8k
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apple Vision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 tethered AR mixed reality glasses,   3300ppi, 800g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Google XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 standalone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 android with 2 1440 x 1600 75Hz amoled, inside-out, durable motion controllers, Vive port,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro EYE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 dual-OLED displays 2880 x 1600 combined resolution), SteamVR 2.0 tracking, foveated rendering, Tobii, it enables gaze-based menu navigation with avatar eye contact, proprietary cables, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018  poor tracking and lifespan on controllers,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2020 1440x1700 per eye resolution, 90 Hz refresh rate, 6 DoF tracking, 2880 x 1700 combined pixel resolution, 97° FoV, two controllers and two base stations. Lighthouse tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Vision Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 per-eye resolution of 2448×2448 at 90 Hz, a 120-degree field of view, Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive XR Elite VR Headset Deluxe Pack 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 snapdragon xr2 gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Goblin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 android based, 2.5K 1280x1440 per eye @70Hz, 92° FoV, and 3DoF (three degrees of freedom) tracking (Orientation tracking only—yaw, pitch, roll), single controller, snapdragon 820, ipd adjustment 54-71 mm, 600g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico G2 4K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 android standalone VR headset, 3840 x 2160 (4K) LCD screen, Snapdragon 835 processor, 3DoF so rotational movement (looking around, pointing) rather than positional movement (walking, leaning), does not support hand or eye tracking, 800g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico NEO 2 EYE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 6DoF 360g snapdragon 845 display 4k 75Hz tracking inside-out - magnetic field for controllers - pico software on android 8 - eye tracking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 Snapdragon XR2 Gen, 4K 3664 x 1920 90Hz lcd, battery at rear, displayport, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Link 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160x2160 panel per eye 75Hz 90Hz 105 FOV, Arm snapdragon xr gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160 x 2160 @90 105 FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2, streaming from PC with alvr, wireless streaming from PC with WiVRn, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, not plug and play, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 5 aka Project Swan aka Vision Pro Competitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 micro-oled BOE 3840 x 3840 4000ppi per eye, MLA pancake lenses, custom pico arm cpu, pico os 6 android, eye and hand tracking, 300g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy XR VR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 3552 x 3840 @60-90 109 FOV , Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall MeganeX 8K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 android  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8k MeganeX Superlight 8K] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android (3552 x 3840 pixels) into pixel count yields 27.27MP 10-bit HDR-compatible 4K resolution micro OLED panels @90Hz, pancake lenses 94 FOV, SteamVR™ tracking, 180g, 5V 2A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8kmk2 MeganeX 8K Mk2 MkII] [https://github.com/sboys3/CustomHeadsetOpenVR community] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr linux, 4K per eye (1.35inch micro OLED 3552x3840 10 bit HDR) 27MP @90Hz 75Hz 72Hz pancake, upto 108 hor 100 vert FOV, usb-c and dp cables to breakout box, 5V 2.1A, 200g}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Windows(TM) MR AH101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Dual 2.89” LCD panels 2880 x 1440 combined (1440 x 1440 per eye) Up to 90Hz (HDMI 2.0), or 60Hz (HDMI 1.4), Field of View FOV 95, Tracking Inside-out, lots of light leak, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer H7001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 wmr 1440 x 1440 per-eye resolution @90Hz refresh rate, and 100-degree field of view FOV, inside-out tracking with front-mounted cameras so no external sensors, flip-up visor design but has a &quot;screen door effect,&quot; subpar foam padding, win10 to win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Visor Mixed Reality VRP100 VR118
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 2x 1440x1440 a bit of nose light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujitsu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 cheap and lots of light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/HadesVR HadesVR] with [https://github.com/ManoloMancelli/Persephone-Classic-Controller Persephone Controller]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFaVjB1uNOM Persephone 3 Pro DiY 6Dof SteamVR Headset], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP Reverb G1 VR1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 WMR 2160 x 2160 @90Hz, 115 FOV, , hp proprietary headset cable end, 2 camera tracking but poor and controllers can be unresponsive, 500g front heavy, flight sims rather than gaming,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 1440p Spatial Computing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dim display }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://forums.x-plane.org/forums/topic/294764-vr-in-linux-without-steam/ HP Reverb G2] WMR VR3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 2 2160 x 2160 90Hz, needs Windows10 or Win 11 24H2, 4 camera tracking, controllers can be unresponsive, hp proprietary headset cable end, , }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mirage Solo is a Standalone VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Qualcomm Snapdragon 835, 1280x1440 per eye resolution, 75 Hz refresh rate, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo Explorer VR2511N (G0A2) VR windows mixed reality (WMR) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 LCD 2.89&quot; 1440 x 1440 per eye @90Hz, 6 DOF position tracking, 400g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/relativty/relativty open source relativty] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey XE800ZAA WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 9V 500mA oled screens 2x 1440x1600 with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey+ Plus WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dual 3.5-inch AMOLED displays 2880 x 1600 total @90Hz, 6DOF inside-out tracking with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required, use only win10 or win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 2x 1080x960 up to 120Hz, lots of cables and computation brick, sony camera needed for tracking, ps4 or move controllers, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|1992 , , Amiga 3000 with TI chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuix Omni 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 VR treadmill changed course to commercial VR and pivotted back again 2020, }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== HDMI CEC transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== TV Remote Control MCE IR transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Compro K100 K300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elitegroup Computer Systems
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1019
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0f38
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMYLE MCE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|acts as usb-hid with limited keyboard like controls }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge WinTV-PVR kit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Harmony 300 i300 600 650 800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft MCE Commander 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2005 need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 home top of square shape direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2006 home under circle spaced direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1069 SMK Manufacturing, Inc
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0609
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0334 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2007 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips RC1974506/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0471
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0815
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE10E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AR21M VGX-XL100 VGN-AR21B/AR21S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE20E PC REMOTE CONTROL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE30E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AW21XY VGX-TP3E VGX-TP3G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE50E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGC-LA2R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TSDX-IR14 USB MCE Media Center External Infrared IR Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;chipsets support CIR (consumer IR) Winbond W83977F/AF, SMC IrCC 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|technical reasons it's not possible to use USB IrDA dongles}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zotac RC2604323/01G Zbox Media Remote Control with IR USB Receiver OVU710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Anycubic Cobra 2 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs A1 Mini 3D printer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 EMS proprietary slicer app and cloud use, eSUN}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X1 Carbon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elegoo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lulzbot 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prusa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qidi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Snapmaker U1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tool changer  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sovol SV08 Max
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| open source voron model, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;desktop pick and place machines AFARCO PNP running OpenPnP for Desktop SMT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==ethwrap.class - Host Data Link &quot;Cable Bridge&quot; for data transfer==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Advance USBNET (eTEK design)
| 0x0525
| 0x9901
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ALi Uli M5632 (chip)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Aten (Ali Corporation) UN201
| 0x0402
| 0x5632
| 
| {{maybe|force binding from rawwarp to ethwrap}}
|-
| Belkin (eTek design see below)
| 0x050d
| 0x0004
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Digitus DN-3004 - USB Host Link
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| EPSON USB client
| 0x0525
| 0x2888
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| eTEK
| 0x056c
| 0x8100
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| KC-190
| 0x050f
| 0x0190
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no driver the half-duplex GL620USB is NOT supported, products using it include the Inland Pro USB Quick Link}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB-A
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Laplink Gold (uses NetChip 1080)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Prolific 2301/2302 (Jaton USB ConNET) (BAFO DirectLinq) 
| 0x067b
| 0x0000 and 0x0001
| 0x0004
| {{maybe|detected but untested}}
|-
| Xircom PGUNET (uses AnchorChips 2720)
| 0x0547
| 0x2727
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}

==cdcacm.class - USB modem==

The CDC ACM driver exposes the USB modem as a virtual serial modem or a virtual COM port to the operating system. The driver enables sending both data and AT commands, either through ACM (separating data and AT commands over different channels) or through Serial Emulation (passing the AT commands as is and as part of the data stream).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Alcatel OT-I650 
| 0x1bbb
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Acatel Dymamode/Dynamite
| 0x06b9
| 0xa5a5
| 
| {{N/A|untested Zyxel Prestige 630-13 - untested PROLiNK Hurricane 8000 external link }}
|-
| AnyData ADU-100A ADU-E100A ADU-E100D ADU-E100H D10
| 0x16d5
| 0x6501
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-310
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-500A ADU-510A ADU-510L ADU-520A
| 0x16d5
| 0x6502
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-610 ADU-620
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| BT On-Air USB MODEM 
| 0x079b
| 0x000f
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM CX93010 
| 0x0572
| 0x1321
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM RD02-D400 
| 0x0572
| 0x1324
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant Chipset 
| 0x06ea
| 0x0002
| 
| {{N/A|untested AUS N367 Roadster II 56 USB (Model AM5050R3) - untested }}
|-
| [http://accessrunner.sourceforge.net/ Conexant AccessRunner]
| 0x0586
| 0x330a
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Creative Modem Blaster USB DE5670
| 0x1690
| 0x0101
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FIREFLY, MediaTek Inc
| 0x0e8d
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Huawei E122
| 0x12d1
| 0x1446
| 
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=49126#forumpost49126]
|-
| Huawei E160, E160E, E160G
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=51888#forumpost51888] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6246)
|-
| Huawei E169 also known as Vodafone K3715 and Huawei K3715 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4941&amp;forum=4&amp;post_id=44683#forumpost44683] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)
|-
| Huawei E220 &quot;Vodafone EasyBox II&quot; &quot;T-Mobile wnw Box Micro&quot; also known as Huawei K3565 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
|
| {{yes|works, see E169 above (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6280)}}
|-
| Huawei E1750
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6290)}}
|-
| Huawei E170, E172, E176 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| Huawei E180
| 0x12d1  
| 0x1406
| 
| {{yes|Works (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| KYOCERA AH-K3001V 
| 0x0482
| 0x0203
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| LG CU515
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| MediaTek Inc GPS 
| 0x0e8d
| 0x3329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Metricom GS Modem 
| 0x0870
| 0x0001
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola MOTOMAGX phones 
| 0x22b8
| 0x6425
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola Q Phone 
| 0x22b8
| 0x7000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hummingbird huc56s (Conexant) 
| 0x0572
| 0x1329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Netcomm Roadster II 128 ISDN
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Nokia n70 N95 HSDPA
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works - see [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=4415&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC here]}}
|-
| OGO
| 0x045E
| 0x0079
| 0090
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Olitec ADSL Modem V2 
| 0x08e3
| 0x0100 / 0x0102
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onda PT502HS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x19D2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Radicom V92HU-E2
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung i8510 Innov8 Symbian smartphone
| 0x04e8
| 0x6651
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Samsung Tocco Lite (aka GT-S5230)
| 0x04e8
| 0x6795
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Shiro / Aztech USB MODEM UM-3100 
| 0x0572
| 0x1328
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1602
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1608
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM - new version 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1611
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Zoom Telephonics Model 3095F USB MODEM 
| 0x0803
| 0x3095
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Ugobe Pleo
| 0x6962
| 0x0100
| 0x0100
| {{Yes|Works}}
|}


==Misc==

palmpda.class - no [http://aminet.net/package/util/libs/PdaLinkPoseidon pdalink.library and tools] in AROS 

 Palm PDA (discontinued) synchronisation requires a port of pdalink.library and its tools through virtual usbpalm.device.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Palm IIIx (OS3.1) serial rs-232 only
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm IIIc (OS3.5)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm V
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m100
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m125 first USB - last with aaa batteries
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m500 (OS4)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Tungsten T (OS5) first arm cpu 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Zire 31 (OS 5.28) color arm-based
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring Visor]] – USB support out of box
|
|
|
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Handspring Treo 600 – last one for [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring]] 
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Treo 700w
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


bluetooth.class - needs Bluetooth (Viking King Harald &quot;Bluetooth&quot; Gormsson (Old Norse: Haraldr Blátǫnn Gormsson; Danish: Harald Blåtand Gormsen) stack to work (not written due to licensing fees to use the symbol merging the Younger Futhark runes for H (ᚼ) and B (ᛒ), representing Harald's initials)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


ccid.class - Chip/Smart Card Interface Devices (not implemented)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cyberJack RFID basis
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C4B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


dfu.class - DFU firmware upgrade
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 3, 4, 5, 5c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1290 0x1292 0x1294
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 32bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 5s, 6, 7, 8, X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 64bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio/Midiman USB audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad 1, iPad 2 A1395 A1430, iPad 3, ipad mini A1432, iPad A1458 4th Gen (MD512LL/A),  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008-2013 32bit A4, A5 up to Apple A6X, iOS 1 to 10, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air (1st generation) A1474, A1475, A1476, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014-2015 [https://github.com/AsahiLinux 64bit], A7, iOS 11 up to 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit A8, A8X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit A9, A9X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit A10, A10X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 64bit A11 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air 3rd Gen A2153, A2123, A2154, iPad Mini 5th Gen, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit A12 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


RocketTool (USB Rocket Launchers - Toy missile launchers)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Original Launcher and StrikerII (includes laser)
| 0x1130
| 0x0202
| 
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Missile Launcher or USB Cirus Cannon
| 0x1941
| 0x8021
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Webcam Missile Launcher
| 0x1941
|
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Rocket Baby
| 0x0a81
| 0x0701
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


DRadioTool (FM Radios - USB radio devices D-Link/Gemtek)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link DSB-R100 USB 
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 0x0410
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| [http://www.neoseeker.com/forums/383/t257009-link-usb-dru-r100-radio/ GemTek USB FM Radio 21]
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


UproarTool (Valencia MPX mp3 player and others)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Korean D Square Valencia MPX-Player
| 0x04e8
| various
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>90b6qjaxaulxqffztg7amk45bfz1cnv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679033</id>
      <parentid>4679032</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:42:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679033</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="655923" sha1="ksi8pqa0txhjagu57v7ou070a7a8rza" xml:space="preserve">
{{ArosNav}}


==Host Adapter Protocol USB1 OHCI UHCI USB2 EHCI USB3.0 USB3.1 xHCI ==

Please let us know any mistakes or any information to be added, use Prefs/Trident to confirm Vendor and Product IDs 
Please chat at [https://www.arosworld.org/index.php AROS World]

*1996 USB1.0
*1998 USB1.1
*2000 USB2.0
*2008 USB3.0
*2013 USB3.1
*2017 USB3.2


AROS has these USB transfers 

*Control     - 
*Bulk        - Midi 1.0 ( 'send my data when you can' )
*Interrupt   - Midi 2.0
*Isochronous - USBAudio, Webcams, etc 

Isochronous is the starting point of modern types of multimedia creativity. IsoChronous isoc code is already in place in poseidon.library and '''scheduled''' transfers are queued to be later rerouted in the host driver code (needs to be written for each host protocol e.g. OCHI, UCHI, EHCI and [https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/625472/625472_xHCI_Rev1_2b.pdf#:~:text=Page%203.%20Document%20Number:%20625472%2C%20Revision:%201.2b.%203. XHCI rev1.2], [https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/868296/extensible-host-controller-interface-for-universal-serial-bus-xhci-requirements-specification-r2-0.html rev2], etc). There seems to be 2 types of isoc transfers, one is just the normal isoc transfer and the other is realtime implementation of isoc transfer. 

For isoc transfer there needs to be a scheduler that makes sure no isoc transfers are dropped (in or out) and that they happen at the right time. It all gets difficult as the device making use of the isoc transfer may be at any point on the device tree. One needs to calculate the USB bandwidth for the packet based periodic transfers that are initiated by the host which have fixed but guaranteed bandwidth. Host controllers guarantee this bandwidth by planning a schedule of transfers ahead of time to ensure there is enough time reserved on the bus.

[https://www.intel.co.uk/content/www/uk/en/products/docs/io/universal-serial-bus/ehci-specification.html EHCI] [https://www.thegoodpenguin.co.uk/blog/understanding-why-usb-isochronous-bandwidth-errors-occur/ bus-bandwidth] vs payload-bandwidth and the algorithm of the EHCI scheduler. 
The bandwidth of the endpoint in terms of payload data (stuff we put in a packet) and the protocol overhead, signalling imposed bit stuffing, host delays etc. 

Poseidon controls the driver and device tree and it provides an API to communicate with the USB devices. Poseidon really doesn't care much about what sort of transfer pipe is opened or used, it only provides the means to do so and forwards the iorequests to the correct driver. Poseidon code is the higher level code for USB communication and drivers are of course the lower level one.


[[File:Psd.svg|220px|right]]


; Best Hardware - NEC Chipset (OHCI + EHCI), Intel Chipset (UHCI + EHCI), XHCI USB3.0, USB3.1 &amp; gen 2 Type-A Type-B Type-C 
; Next Best Set - General OHCI, SIS (OHCI + EHCI), 
; Buggy Chipset - [ Early AMD OHCI], ALi OHCI, VIA UHCI, Nvidia OHCI &amp; EHCI, 


=== USB1.1 ===
OHCI USB 1.1 - USB-IF sanctioned standard but hardware physical form removed with USB2.0 and replaced with virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 M5237 Lucent USS-312 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| StarTech PCI425USB, CompUSA Iogear GIC220U-b, Nvidia 220 mobo, USBA2041P, ALi SU2A-PS, 
|-
| AMD 756 Chipset (onboard motherboard) 
| 0x1022 
| 0x740c 
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=31308#forumpost31308 usb devices detected] Geode GX1, 
|-
| CMD DU-A2 Silicon Image 0670 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0670
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Silicon Image 0673 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0673
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 0x10de 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe|Bios options vary but does with Plop Boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Tested with 20th Aug 2012 improvement 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| untested - Amiga Spider card with possible bottleneck issues at higher speeds 
|-
| NEC µPD720101AGM 720101GJ
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x43
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Mac mini, Belkin F5U219vea (2+1 ports), Belkin F5U220vea1 (4+1 ports), Adaptec 3100LP, BAFO BF-460, GWC UC-160, IOGear GIC250U, Keyspan U2PCI-5, O'toLink U2-C2B U2-C2A U2-P20N U2-P50, Ratoc PCIU5, USBWholesale UII-PCIP 
|-
| NEC µPD720102
| 0x1033
| 0x00
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Opti 82C861 2-port 
| 0x1045
| 0xc861
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no USB devices detected - Belkin F5U005, 
|-
| SIS 7001 OCHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7001
| 0x0f
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 20th Aug 2012 - not booting stalls on GRUB word with Plop Boot 
|-
|}


UHCI USB 1.1 - Intel standard but since 2009 no hardware support as USB2 introduced virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Intel 
| 0x8086 
| 0x
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|not in bios use AROS floppy disc boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82371AB EB MB PIIX4 
| 0x8086 
| 0x7112
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|none in bios use other booting options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|Detects most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led not on and does not work}}
|  
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBL/DBM (onboard i830 mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24c4 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes|but not from bios but floppy options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on and although device has software failure and recoverable error IT STILL WORKS. Fresh start sometimes needs Network Prefs Saved to work. 
|-
| VIA MVP4 (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x30
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless options}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 detected but blue led not on and does not work 
|-
| VIA VT82xx (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless usb}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on but does not work 
|-
| VIA VT6202 (VIA VT83C572)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| A-Best USB-200, Cables N Mor USBPCI, CompUSA, D-Link DSB500, Digital/Research DRUSBCARD, Kouwell IOFlex 580, StarMount USB VIA, 
|-
| VIA VT6112 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x61
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 2011 seems to have issues with other identical via based USB controller(s) present 
|-
| VIA VT6214L 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 2.0 EHCI ===
The USB-IF insisted on only one implementation of EHCI but it creates 4 virtual hcd to cover USB1.1 support. The virtual HCD on Intel and VIA EHCI controllers are UHCI. All other vendors use virtual OHCI controllers. Hardware EHCI USB2.0 ended in most chipsets in 2014/5 and is now virtual through most newer USB3.0 chipsets 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 Lucent USS-344 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested}} belkin F5U006, 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBM (onboard mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24cd 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x00E0
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested - Amiga Spider card}}
|-
| NEC 72101 GJ
| 0x1033 
| 0x00e0 
| 0x04
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Belkin F5U219 VEA1 (pci), 
|-
| SIS ECHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7002
| 0x00
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|issues about which port is used if it works at all}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6202 
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 0x62
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|detects}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 3.x SuperSpeed SS (Speed 5Gbit/s 3.1 gen 1) aka xHCI eXtensible ===

USB Attached SCSI (UAS or UASP) is a protocol used for high-speed data transfer between computers and external storage devices like SSDs, HDDs, and some flash drives. It provides up to 70% faster read/write speeds than traditional Bulk-Only Transport (BOT) by allowing multiple commands to run in parallel, rather than waiting in a queue

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1000 FL 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B73
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1000 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;link power management (LPM, USB 3.0 power saving) cannot be disabled so random connection issues  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1009-200 FL 1009 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1009 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Orico PFU3-2P
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1100-100 FL 1100SX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1100 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;LPM cannot be disabled so issues with disconnecting WD drives etc - CalDigit, ORICO PFU3-2P, FASTA-6GU3 Pro, inatech KTU3FR-2P 2 port USB 3.0,  and Inateck KT4004 (KTU3FR-4PA rev B2) for storage and hubs, etc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1400 FL 1400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1400 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720200 uPD720200a chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1d6b
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0194
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|no USB3 but seems to works like USB2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported for USB3 but works like USB2 - ORICO PRU3-4P 4 Port USB, early Dell Wyse zx0 thin client,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720201 uPD720201 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x114 0x0115 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720202 uPD720202 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1912 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ti.com/product/tusb7340 TI] tusb7340 TUSB732 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8241
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported Koutech IO-PEU436 but only one with open docs 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported - integrated since Ivybridge 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL800 xHCI 0.96 support in VL800, VIA VL811 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3432 0x3438 0x3515 and 0x9201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 2.0 backwards support 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Anker 68UPPCIE-2S20PU 2 port, Plugable 4-Port, GA-z77x-ud5h rev. 1.1 mobo, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL811+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL812 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;xHCI 1.0 support in VL805 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


USB 3.1 (power up to 100W and data 10Gbit/s USB 3.2 gen 2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1142 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Connector: USB Type C and  USB Type A x 1 - Ugreen USB C PCI Card 2 Port USB 3.1 Type C 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 1.8 1.9 Updated  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AUKEY 4 Ports USB C , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Startech - PEXUSB312C - 2-port Usb 3.1 10Gbit/s
|-
|}

USB 3.2 (power up to 100W and data 20Gbit/s gen 2x2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 2.6 Update  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=== USB 4 (40Gbps thunderbolt, pcie 3.0 tunnelling, ) ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD Ryzen7 6800U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel Goshen Ridge JHL8440 Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
|  
|-
|}


== hid.class (Human Interface Device) ==

=== Keyboard ===

 Some multi-finger touchpad support works but not on all touchpads  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Retro N C64 edition Keyboard, the super button accessory and optional N30 mouse
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 87 keys Kailh white}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo 108 Retro Mechanical Keyboard (white kailh) and two superbuttons (green) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05ac
| 0x0205 
| 0x0122
| {{yes|works (its two hub ports) but mouse scroll wheel issues}}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05AC
| 0x020B 
| 
| {{yes|works (two onboard ports also)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aigo K68 60% red switches, A68 A87 wireless 2G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://amigakit.leamancomputing.com/catalog/product_info.php?cPath=49&amp;products_id=973 AmigaOne Keyboard]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko TAC87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 80% TKL }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko MonsGeek FUN60 PRO&amp;MAX HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 60% hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arteck HW197 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 keyboard and touchpad combo, aluminum frame, aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Azio Cascade 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  good 75% expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND104 (Wuque Studios) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 premium clicky (WS Blue) or silent (WS White) key options with Ansi and ISO formats also numpad and calculator, aluminum machined, tri mode, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2026 untested magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K65 Mech MX no numeric keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair CH-9000045 K70 Blue MX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cherry G80 G80-3000L[x]C[yy]-[z] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cooler Master CM Storm Quickfire Rapid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K100 Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 okay low profile but expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell SK-8135 Dell USB Keyboard for Internet and Multimedia rev H for Dimension 4500, Dimension 8250, OptiPlex GX260n, OptiPlex GX60n, Precision 350 (R42232) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x413C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2010 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes| usb1.1 keyboard hub 0x413C 0x1003 works as well - multimedia keys not mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Deepcool KG722
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 65% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Channel Zero DK2108 Mech Mechanical Cherry MX Red 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Shine 3 Brown or Blue (DK9087) MX keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Das Keyboard Model S Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Cidoo V75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker rt100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 plastic build and no screws, numpad with small 0, mostly quiet seasalt switches, gimmick usb-c 1in screen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EPOMAKER TH99  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} USB-C full numpad keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker P75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker p87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Leobog Hi75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Feker Galaxy80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 gmk/via 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget version good 75% choice of 4 leobog switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Tide75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% and not too expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK992 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 109 key }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK820 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK35I V3 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 104 keys - two models: wired and tri-mode connection - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F108 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pricy but okay 100% but only leobog graywood switches but hotswap available afterwards}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Ajazz AK980 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 97 keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker G87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT82 RT85
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT100 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATTACK SHARK X98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 98% maybe silent linear feel with Two-color PBT keycap}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker ATTACK SHARK X68HE and X65HE 65% Wired Gaming Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x502D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2025 tested on Aros running on Raspberry Pi wired usb-c with magnetic hall effect keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Filco Ninja Majestouch-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focus FK-760 Wireless Keyboard &amp; Trackball
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} but quality build issues raised 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMMK Tenkeyless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMK67 GMK87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested budget good option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hengchangtong HCT Limeme gk103s Entry Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xC0F4
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|half Keyboard left side only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears M2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested hotswap kaihl green switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix mq80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 good 75% low profile keys
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix Magi65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 65% low profile keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iqunix ez60 ez80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested specific hall effect switches - actuation point, rapid trigger, etc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jomaa YiChip Wireless 50% key with touchpad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|dongle detected, keys and pad not working - 2 AAA NM}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested numpad only}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 v1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested okay}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q6 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 75% with numeric numpad, barebones so choose switches and keycaps to suit }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 MAX V1 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Lemokey P1 QMK 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested best option to customise switches and keycaps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron LemoKey X1 X3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested keycap swap only not switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K2HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested okay}} wireless hall effect analogue on all keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K4HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested hall effect but software }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K5 K17 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested okay low profile but }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K10 HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kiiboom Breeze 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 good 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meletrix Boog 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 magnetic hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Melgeek O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 low profile 75% but not repairable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOSART 2.4G Wireless 60% Keyboard Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4105
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|dongle recognised HID, keys worked, roller worked, scroll wheel works and shoulders works but buttons around left, top and right hand side (RHS) do not work and plastic and 2 AA MN1500}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mucai SiGma Micro MKA610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1c4f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0084
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| unknown red keys - rgb backlighting - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hjldemo.clsc.cn/ Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Ltd] Perixx Periboard 505 Plus with Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard - poor trackball}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Co., Ltd Perixx Periboard 706 Plus with Trackball Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|generally okay dome with good sized keys but piano black surround fingerprint magnet, occasional brief trackball freezes after no use, takes some time to get used to the trackball size}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-716 Wireless (Chicony)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;04f2:1013
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard and trackpad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo SK-8825 41A5327 SIL12-W07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works manufactured for 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lite-On USB NetVista Full Width Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04b3
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3025
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K320 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech USB Unifying, Bolt, Lightspeed, or Nano receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K340 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.logitech.com/en-us/product/wireless-touch-keyboard-k400r Logitech Wireless Touch Keyboard k400]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 0x046D
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0xC52B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 1201
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{yes|All (including multimedia) keys work. Some keys requires remapping with Trident. Touchpad works and acts as normal mouse. Presents itself in Trident as USB Receiver from Logitech with 3 HID bindings}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400 Plus K400+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G915 TKL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard TKL means no number pad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Lite84 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Flow Lite100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 silent switches and low profile keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MACHENIKE K500 Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 94 keys untested Hot Swappable 94 Keys 90% Layout }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MechLands Vibe99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 100 keys untested Gasket-mounted Wired/Bluetooth/2.4GHz Wireless Mechanical Keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Comfortable Curve 2000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Wireless Media Desktop 1000 (1356)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00f9 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|working but not mouse part}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Niz Micro84 Duo82 X87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 electro capacitive }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy gem80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy kick 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 low profile 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy Air75 V3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy node 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 96% layout, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-50 MK-80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Chroma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0203
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://openrazer.github.io/ Razer] Lycosa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow 2013 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razr Blackwidow Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer Orange keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Low Profile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Pro 75% 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Cynosa Lite V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x023f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer DeathStalker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer HuntsMan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ornata 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Orbweaver Chroma Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0207
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Tartarus Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  not hall effect and very expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K668 RGB Gaming Keyboard Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys Upgraded Hot-swappable Socket，Red Switch}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K689 PRO Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested Gasket RGB Gaming Keyboard, 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys, Upgraded Hot-swappable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rii K22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 keyboard trackpad combo, non replaceable lithium battery, very compact}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 75% mechanical, hotswap so okay for price untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Royal Kludge RK65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SINO WEALTH Gaming KB SkyLion K68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x258a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| blue stalks with rgb lighting}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SKYLOONG GK104 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested gateron }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet x300 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MosART 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4101
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0312 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|1 AAA for each and works well - mouse slightly better built than keyboard rubberised membrane}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X331 HDE 2.4G Keyboard wireless RCMCU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C45
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|wireless can be glitchy but few extra keys are mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X500 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MOSArt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2901
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0112 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works well especially large touchpad - usual rubber domed membraned keyboard mechanism }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecware Specter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 75%}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unicomp Model M USB 104 key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} IBM's and later Lexmark buckling spring switches 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Minilo Bluebell (prestige silent) and Eculapytus (violet tactile)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 75% plastic build no screws not great to mod}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Sword 68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo 98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 expensive but good and Kailh silent}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Choice65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Lucky65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5055
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% but not as expensive CNC Aluminum HMX/JWK/Cocoa Switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush 80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5588 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush80 Reboot Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 very good but expensive Aluminum Hotswap Wireless RGB}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wooting HE60 HE80 HE90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 hall effect but expensive with good software}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier WK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk71 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xenta White Wireless HK6718B+HM3302--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works with Raspberry Pi untested on AROS native}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xinmeng X87 MAGIC_REFINER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 untested keycap swap but not hotswapable switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL66 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| milk switches, cherry PBT, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi B75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget good with cocoa cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|good budget option with  swappable switches,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi C75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 budget good with  switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
linear  - creamy
tactile - thocky
clicky  - clacky 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Cherry MX Black are linear switches (no feedback); good for gaming. 
Cherry MX Red are linear (less noise no click) but more squishy; 
Cherry MX Brown are in between Blue and Red in style and tactile; 
Cherry MX Clear switches have soft tactile feedback (with no click). 
Cherry MX Blue have tactile feedback with a click (noisy); good for typing. 

Gateron Yellows KS-3, KS-3x47 or better Pros have a milky top and black bottom and linear 

TTC Silent Frozen v2. Linear and dead silent 
Mouse the huano brown with yellow dot for silent mouse clicks
Kailh red dust proof encoder for smooth and close to silent scrolling
Boba U4 Silent Tactile switches
Husky linears

HMX 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Mouse ===

if the USB mouse is non-functional put a USB pendrive in before or add the following to user-startup in '''s''' drawer/folder/directory

 sys:prefs/trident NOGUI &gt; NIL:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Brand
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Model
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;[http://www.3dconnexion.com/products/spacenavigator.html SpaceNavigator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpacePilot Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceExplorer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceMouse 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;3D Optical 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0000:3825
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin
| Combo mouse
|
| 0x05FE
| 0x0011
| Low 0100
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Cytec
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired Mouse Gaming 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;R.A.T 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Dell
| Mouse
| MO56UC
| 0x413C
| 0x3200
|
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;equatech / clone logitech  
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;wireless mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;49779 / M185 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 3151:2020 later 3151:3020 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{Yes|detected and works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hama
| RF Optical Mouse
| AM-6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keycron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling and 16k dpi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested barebones 1k polling and 16k dpi, great for small hands, loud clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;LogiCAD 3D
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Cordless Desktop Navigator 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Inc.
| First/Pilot Wheel Mouse
| N48/M-BB48 M-BE58 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless mouse
| [http://www.logitech.com/en-roeu/mice_pointers/mice/devices/5484 M305]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless RF Mouse
| MK710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G304
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master Anywhere 2S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|untested}} micro USB charge port on front 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M220 silent touch MR0085
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2018 needs usb dongle - quiet clicking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Logi 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 3S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|2021 untested usb-c bluetooth, inbuilt battery but muted clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G502 X Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M240 silent touch MR0105  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2022 no dongle as bluetooth enabled but could work with Logi Bolt USB Receiver - 1 aa battery - quiet clicking}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 4 MXM
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Bluetooth usb-c dongle, inbuilt lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Brand
| Description
| Model
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8566
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8518
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;OrzerHome Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8514
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1 aa with no on/off switch }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wheel Mouse optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Sidewinder Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| IntelliMouse Explorer USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wireless Optical Mouse 2000
|
| 0x045E
| 0x00F9 
|
| {{no|not working see keyboard Media Desktop 2000 above}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Microsoft 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;1461 1447 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|usb dongle matched to one mouse only no others}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Orochi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Mamba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 17 buttons 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga Hex V2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} MOBA Gaming Mouse, Professional Grade 16,000 DPI Sensor - RGB lighting 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;DeathAdder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Viper 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Basilisk V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling, 35k dpi, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Trust
| Slimline Lasermouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| SteelSeries 
| Tobii EyeX EyeMobile PCEye 
| Eye Tracking Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} gaze interaction track technology for augment augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;The Eye Tribe Tracker 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Eye 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MV3000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x192f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0916
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|}

=== Trackball ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3Dconnexion SpaceBall 5000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} Labtec designed and rolled into new company 3dconnexion 2001 by owners Logitech 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ACCO Kensington Orbit optical F1233A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kensington Turbo Mouse 64210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Clearly Superior Technologies. Model:CST 1000-RC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Trackman Marble Mouse Wired USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Trackman Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Optical Trackman T-RB22 - Cordless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech M570 wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Trackball Mouse Optical 1.0 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft X05-87473 Trackball USB Optical 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== KVM ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NanoKVM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== Gamepad ===

Controllers have mostly decided that the left analog joystick is keyboard equivalent of WASD and right joystick is your mouse. You also have 2 bumpers above the triggers. Shoot could be right trigger (so it doesn't involve taking your thumb off the right joystick). Face buttons for reloading or jump or other non-critical functions. Crank up the sensitivity and practice. 

Testing can be done with the TRIDENT Prefs, [https://devicetests.com/controller-tester html5], [https://greggman.github.io/html5-gamepad-test/ html5], or [https://gamepad-tester.com/ Tester]


==== Dinput Poseidon Default Plugin - Playstation(TM) style ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Bat D2E BTP-BD2E XD4D2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis Eliminator Gamepad Pro USB  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;047d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;4005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2d only 
|-
| Hama Black Force USB Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 psx clone look 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jess Tech Game Elements Philips GGE909 PC Recoil Pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCbAmIhj6P4 Logitech Wingman Precision USB] G-UC3B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 no 3D but good for 2D retro games like Turrican II
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Action Pad G-UB3A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 1 blue lucid translucent - thin analog stick N64 type - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman RumblePad UB05B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc20a
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded blue piece - vibration feedback - single shoulder buttons with throttle control below right one 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Cordless RumblePad G-RA4A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc211
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded black piece - vibration feedback - dual shoulder buttons L1 L2 R1 R2 with blue throttle control below right one - 4 aa mn1500 batteries; life not great - C-UD10A usb dongle - overall big and bulky 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Precision Wired G-UG15
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Precision G-X2E14A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 ps2 styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G-X5C11A Cordless Precision Wireless Controllers
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling black outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/logitech-dual-actiontm-gamepad/ Logitech Dual Action] 
* G-UD8 has no mode (2D only?) button and no rumble 
* G-UF13A later 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0xc2
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 G-UF13A tested only]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 New body shape psx style - dual analog 3D sticks - 4 small travel shoulder triggers no 5,6,7,8 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 G-UF13
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 usb wired light blue top/black base - twin analogues 3D along with dual short travel shoulder buttons - rumble present - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 Cordless 
* G-RC?? OLD version that take FOUR batteries and RED Logitech logo 
* G-RC14 uses TWO batteries has an ORANGE logo - dongle C-UE10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0200
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 wireless may have to remove 1 battery - G-RC?? 5 + 7 buttons - G-RC14 use buttons 6 + 8 to reset sticks - replace battery and push large button on receiver - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F310 Wired Dual Action G-U0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|D mode switch}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 best option for old usb wired style dual analog 3D with pc-xbox/psx switch on back (only D works) - both rear shoulder RT LT buttons have excess travel - no rumble vibration - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F510 Wired G-UG0002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 dual analog with dual xbox pc/psx X/D switched compatibility modes - 
|-
| Logitech F710 Wireless / Cordless RumblePad 2 G-R0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;3.05
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|Mouse only not joypad}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 When switch on top set to D and nano receiver for each controller to pair - 2 aa mn1500 batteries required - rumble support sometimes - rear back shoulder buttons excessive travel needed - does have rubber backing that becomes sticky - 
|- 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Megaworld 'TIME' USB pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0735
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;Low 0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No |}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 Poor quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
* SideWinder Precision Pro USB (1997)
* SideWinder Precision 2 (1998)
* Game Pad Pro (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Game Pad USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; possible setup first 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Gamepad X04 Freestyle 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} 1998 might need USB adapter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder X05 63895 92626 Flight stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|2000 [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=929.msg11309#new tested]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Flight Stick X08-58736 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
    Plug &amp; Play Game Pad (2000)
    SideWinder Joystick (2000)
    Game Pad 2.0 (2001)
    SideWinder Force Feedback 2 (2002)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 long-standing static buildup problem and Force Feedback 2 was the removal of the power brick 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps1000/ PS1000 Cyborg V.1], [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps2700-rumble-pad/ PS2700] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function 
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xG0v-hf6ZPA P2600] [http://compactiongames.about.com/od/hardware/tp/gamepads.htm P3600], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function
|- 
| Saitek P2900 wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 runs on 1 AA battery
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Batoh PS3 mini USB Wired hookup [http://ps3.jim.sh/sixaxis/usb/ SIXAXIS] 
*PCB  Ribbon      Notes
*Protos ALPS MSU Rev3 M3 and the later CBEH-1019
*?    SA1Q135A 	  for sixaxis
*PP4  
*V2   
*V25  
*VX   SA1Q146A    first dualshock 3 model
*VX   SA1Q147A    CECHZC2U (USA)
*VX35 SA1Q159A 	  
*VX3  SA1Q160A 	  
*VX?  SA1Q188A    
*VX4  SA1Q189A    shipped with a CECH-2504 datecode 0C 
*VX5  SA1Q194A    changed design ALPS, PS button changes
*VX6  SA1Q195A    red case, 
*VX7  SA1Q222A    superslims 2 ribbons
*VX8  SA1Q224A    superslims 2 ribbons 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x054c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Sometimes detected but no support - no sixaxis features detected - mini usb lead will have varying results - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS4 
*JDM JDS 001 010 011 
*JDM 030 040 055 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS5 Dual Sense 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speed Link Strike 2 FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Firestorm Dual Power 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 only 1 axis joystick only]}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-1500 GM-1520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 M series Aluminum Metal Joystick Hitbox Controller Arcade Fighting Stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 T series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 G series Gamefinger G12 G13 G16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; plastic - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 S series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  thinner and lighter than G series 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mad Catz sf2 fightstick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Datel Paewang Arcade Pro Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F300 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F500 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Flatbox GP2040-CE Hot Swappable Mini Hitbox Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  default it is configured for PS4 but before plugging usbc cable in, X for Dinput, B Xinput, RT HID - plastic build case - Rev4 based on RP2040 chip and firmware is based on GP2040-CE (Community Edition) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shenzhen Onebitdo Tech 8bitdo Fighting stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Venom 8 button 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}


==== Xinput Xbox Style Plugin ====

2018 extension added originally called AROSx but later redacted. Latest [https://github.com/medusalix/xone linux driver] might be useful. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate C Wired 82CB (Shenzhen ONEBITDO TECH - GWOWO) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3106 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 - 4 t6 torx screws - non hall effect so drifting issues - triggers go faulty often - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C Wired Controller 82CD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x310A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - HID keyboard assigned - 4 t6 torx screws - hall effect analogs and triggers  - 1000Hz polling - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  - 400mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad poor for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo ULtimate Mini Wired Controller for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
*Wired Controller 
*Wireless
*Bluetooth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect - playstation style layout for pc - slide button for S-A-D-X switch, android, dinput or xinput -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025  tmr hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  - mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad  for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Aurora 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks with no deadzone mode, gyro, linear rumble, trigger stops, back paddles, button swap, macro, turbo, RGB LED effects -  tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Beitong Spartan BTP-2270U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Asura 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect - noble linear trigger potentiometer and alps shoulder LB/RB micro switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEITONG ASURA 2 Pro+ Game Controller Wireless Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beitong Zeus 2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BebonCool Dinofire Model Number: Q218 / TP28
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  - triggers aren't progressive but ON/OFF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers - tri mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX Wireless Controller PC PS3, 9013pro ESM-9013PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 linear hall effect but device sometimes will not connect tried multiple attempts with the dongle
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY MICRO SWITCH - Bumpers Tactile switch Hall Effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect analog and triggers - membrane buttons - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX S10 Wireless Gamepad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 TMR Hall effect and compatible with Switch 2/PC/Phone/TV/Steam, NFC, Gyro, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;202
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech World EOS Pro WGP15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect trigger and sticks,2 back paddles, motion controlling 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech EOS PRO II S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 controller with TMR hall effect analogues, mechanical face buttons and D-pad, 63 input macro, back paddles, turbo - analog triggers with trigger stops - tri mode bt wifi and wired - slide switch on back for switch, macos/android and xinput - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  luxury model 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader Pro 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 the Pro(Hall Effects) and Non-Pro (No Hall) 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 hall effect sticks and triggers - poor wifi connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  luxury model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons with gold contacts - 800mhA battery - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Dunefox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 basic model hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons - 500mha battery - no gyros - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 5 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 - hall effect stick with tension control, linear triggers, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir T4K Keleid, T4C Cyclone wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 poor to ok switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no|| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - switch type layout 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Chicken Run Network Tech Nova Lite GameSir-T4n LITE - Zikway HID gamepad
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 4200 seems to be xbox so B then Home for Xinput (green LED), A then Home for HID BT Android (green/yellow LED), Y then Home for Switch Pro (Red LED)] or X then Home for Wifi and start and select to alternatively swap modes 
* and if on [https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 5700 ds4 so Home + B (blue LED), ]
* firmware 6900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3537
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1040 0x1041
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect 3d nubs - no usb-c cable - rubber membrane analog trigger travel and bumpers shoulder buttons - wifi 2.4G and bluetooth - xbox layout so ab and xy might need to be swapped via m and a buttons for switch type [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=po-nNuC5fps fixes video] - 250Hz polling - 600mah battery - rigid carry case - poor d-pad esp diagonals - gamesir settings software only on android 6+ or ios based only - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 2 Lite  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 SE Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir TEGENARIA T3 Lite Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 playstation aesthetic hall effect analog and membrane buttons - X+Home button connects as an Xbox controller
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Cyclone 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR Joysticks with anti-friction rings and metal anti-friction rings around the stems, gyro, rumble, macro, turbo, 2 back paddles, hall analog triggers with micro-switch trigger - tri mode bluetooth, 2.4GHz wifi and wired, 1000hz polling rate - gamesir connect software - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 Pro for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR hall effect - hall effect triggers, tri mode connection - gamesir nexus software - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Super Nova Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 hall effect sticks and triggers, 1000Hz polling, tri mode connectivity, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 NS08 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Electromagnetic Stick hall effect - hall linear triggers - Mechanical face buttons - wired and wireless - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 PRO NS09
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall efect - wired and wireless - Mechanical face buttons - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong MAX 3 KK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall effect - wired and wireless - lithium battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gulikit KK3 Max USB-c Bluetooth Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Hall Joysticks and Triggers, Maglev/Rotor/HD Vibration, 1000Hz Polling Rate, 4 Back Buttons,  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KK3 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 smaller version of KK3 MAX - hall effect analog and triggers, face buttons , maglev rumble, gyro, 4 back paddles - rigid case - 950mAh up to 8 hrs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hyperkin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori EX2 Turbo UHX3-45 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G1 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Wireless Gaming Controller with 1K Polling Rate Hall Effect Trigger Joystick For Nintendo Switch PC iOS Android 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G5 Pro Wireless Gaming Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY Switch Membrane, Bumpers Tactile switch and hall effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;microsoft sidewinder precision pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 0x045e
| 0x028e
| 0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|needs specific driver and has poor 2D control pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Microsoft (R) [https://blog.tkjelectronics.dk/2012/12/xbox-360-receiver-added-to-the-usb-host-library/ Xbox 360] (TM) Wireless Receiver for Windows(R) Model 1086 and Controller 
| 0x045e 
| 0x0719, 0x or 0x0291
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|separate standalone usb dongle detected and shows as 8 vendor interfaces but no class associated and so not working - may need new class from code from xpad or xboxdrv to work the controllor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox 360 Kinect [http://hackaday.com/2010/11/10/kinect-open-source-driver-demo-and-hacking/ Video] 
[http://git.marcansoft.com/?p=libfreenect.git;a=commit;h=7655fcf7239ba4907654089dba535a196685dbe5 GIT]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007  proprietary 2.4GHz RF protocol, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One wireless controller newer model with the 3.5mm headphone jack 1537 1697 and microsoft adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02d1 or 0x02dd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e3
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 ok - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox later models 1708+ Xbox One and Series use 5GHz and use Bluetooth, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ea 0x02fd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 2 Core 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 ok - no hall - 125Hz polling - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minisform MGP01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOBAPAD N1HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 has liquid silicone face buttons, hall effect analog, D-Pad swap, two back paddles, USB-A dongle, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad Huben 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Gale 墨将 mòjiāng 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Blitz PRO 2 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON now MOJHON AETHER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks, hall effect triggers, mechanical bumpers, 1000hz polling rate, mechanical D-pad, membrane face buttons, mechanical back paddles, rumble, deadzone issues - tri mode 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI FORCE GC20 GC30 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 not hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mytrix Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NACON GC-100XF Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 average 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect joysticks &amp; triggers, limited trigger stops, 1000hz polling rate on wired, 4 back paddles, 32 macro record, anti-deadzone mode, RAW mode, gyro, turbo, tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P50L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PowerA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Stellar T5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Junior E5 Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Wolverine V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  hall 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RetroFlag 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speedlink XEOX Pro Analog Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;enclosed lithium battery? - xbox layout - switchable on back of controller to directinput (dinput) or xinput - USB dongle switchable to pc and ps3 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Instinct Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Envision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steel Series Stratus Duo XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;usb adapter needed 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/Inputlabs InputLabs Alpakka Open Source and build yourself] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY it with 3d printer, pcb and components  - pi pico needed - 2 gyros for better accuracy - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/kapybara Inputlabs kapybara] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY one handed version wip 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vilcorn Z03 BT Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - other Bluetooth modes (green, red, blue, purple, etc.) Select + M1 (or M2) - 400mAh - not great latency wired - 800mhz polling -  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd ultimate legend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+ elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+excellent
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
#ifndef AROSX_LIBRARY_H
#define AROSX_LIBRARY_H

#include &lt;exec/types.h&gt;

#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_UNKNOWN  0x00
#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_GAMEPAD  0x01

#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_UP          0x0001
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_DOWN        0x0002
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_LEFT        0x0004
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_RIGHT       0x0008
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_START            0x0010
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_BACK             0x0020
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_THUMB       0x0040
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_THUMB      0x0080
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_SHOULDER    0x0100
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_SHOULDER   0x0200
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_A                0x1000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_B                0x2000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_X                0x4000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_Y                0x8000

struct AROSX_GAMEPAD {
    ULONG   Timestamp;
    UWORD   Buttons;
    UBYTE   LeftTrigger;
    UBYTE   RightTrigger;
    WORD    ThumbLX;
    WORD    ThumbLY;
    WORD    ThumbRX;
    WORD    ThumbRY;
};

#define AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT    0x00
#define AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT 0x01
#define AROSX_EHMF_CONNECT    (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT)
#define AROSX_EHMF_DISCONNECT (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT)

struct AROSX_EventHook {
    struct Node         eh_Node;
    struct MsgPort     *eh_MsgPort;
    ULONG               eh_MsgMask;
};

struct AROSX_EventNote {
    struct Message      en_Msg;
    ULONG               en_Event;
    APTR                en_Param1;
    APTR                en_Param2;
};

#endif /* AROSX_LIBRARY_H */
&lt;/pre&gt;


=== Joystick ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CH Products CombatStick 568 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cyborg X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Extreme 3D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| [Logitech Attack 3 Joystick] 
| 0x0464
| 0xC214
| 0205
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek X-52 x52 pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek aviator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Speedlink Competition Pro USB 
| 
|
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{maybe|works but games not working &quot;out of the box&quot;}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator QZ 501
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator TH 400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust XK 100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

===[https://github.com/JacKeTUs/linux-steering-wheels Gaming Racing Steering Wheels]=== 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;40%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/documents/pid1_01.pdf USB PID standard not supported], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cammus C5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec CSL Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 and Xbox - belt driven wheel - 30cm wheel swapping 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec Club Sport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt $600 £500 system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FFBeast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius TRIO RACER F1 Racing Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Cheap and cheerful but not great - may need calibrating 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hama PC Racing Wheel Thunder V18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Average 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Racing Wheel 3 with pedals 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PC 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logic3 PXU450 TopDrive GT450 Steering Wheel for PS3, PS4, XBox One and PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MOMO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Very good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Driving Force GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Drive Force Pro DFP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; wheel 900 degree - weighs in at 15&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Formula Force EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;200 degrees turn for the EX model is arcade-like driving - adds PS3 compatibility via the PSx/2 adaptor - weighs in at 9&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G27 PC/PS3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; comes with gear shifter - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G29 PC PS3/PS4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G920 PC XboxOne 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G923 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft(R) SideWinder Precision Racing Wheel (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Ultrawipf/OpenFFBoard OpenFFBoard], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simagic M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; base direct drive $900 £800 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simplicity Simwheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simxperience Accuforce V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SPEEDLINK Drift O.Z. Racing Wheel with Pedals and Gear Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries Simraceway SRW-S1 Steering Wheel (PC) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Nascar Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari Challenge Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; Poor  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari FGT Rumble GT Experience 3-in-1 (PC/PS3)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;b658
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0102
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Wheel and all buttons detected}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Not great - gear driven 240deg wheel rotation - no psu needed - 2 peddle - flappy gear change - rumble untested - red switch for PC PS3 selection 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster F430 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T500 RS Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; belt driven wheel/rumble for GT5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T60 Challenge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T150 Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  gear / belt combo wheel / rumble - 2 peddle 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TMX Pro PC/XboxOne
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct drive rumble - no manual gear shift included 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base level and OK - PS4 - 270deg rumble - 2 peddle 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T300 RS GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PS4 - belt driven - 900deg rotation and modular 28cm wheel out - 2 peddles but 3 available 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TX Leather 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TX Xbox version - 900deg rotation 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustermaster TS PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PC only belt wheel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; TS XW Racer PC Xbox1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T-GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 $700 £600 with T-DFB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tracer Zonda Racing Steering Wheel PC PS3 Vibration Feedback Pedals Gearbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===Gamepad Joypad Adapters===

* Most adapters will work in most OS's without installing a driver. Special functions needing drivers will be noted. 
* Some adapters do not work with some [http://www.stepmania.com/wiki/Dance_Pads dance pads] because of voltage issues. Other adapters map the dancemat arrows as axes and not as buttons, causing problems.
* If using an adapters should be compatible with '''original''' PlayStation PS/Xbox Xbox/GameCube GC /Dreamcast DC/Sega Saturn SS gamepads. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.maplin.co.uk/psx-usb-bridge-34887?tabid=3&amp;worldid=&amp;doy=21m9&amp;faqitem=playstation%20controller%20to%20pc%20adaptor Maplin] [http://www.rockfire.com.tw/ Padix Co. Ltd. Rockfire] PX-205 PSX/USB Bridge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0583 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2050
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes}} but buttons mapped different from others 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|poor}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ok with dpads, but very poor support with analogue hack 
|-
| Boom PS Joy Converter adaptor 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| discontinued (2004/5). Hold Up, Start, and Select for three seconds. Very good [http://www.stepmania.com stepmania] recommendation. 
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/m_main.htm EMS] [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/ps2-usb2.htm USB2] grey plastic box with 2 PSX ports, one on either side - UP and Select pressed for 3 seconds at the same time or the dance code (start+select+up) 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows the PS port works in digital mode on d-pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| Set in PC switch mode. Does not work when using 2 pads at the same time, likely higher power requirements. FPSE emu DualShock untested, Mat and Guitar untested but known lag involved 
|-
| Joytech (play.com) (EMS USB2 bad clone) Black box twin PSX
| 0x0b43
| 0x0003
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}} 
| but poor on dance ddr mat and guitar hero as the left and right keys do not like being pressed together, Dual shock untested 
|-
| [ EMS Trio Linker ] 1 PSone connection at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 2005 
|-
| [http://psxemulator.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=support&amp;action=display&amp;thread=421 EMS Trio Linker Plus] (blue box) 1 PSx at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 
|-
| Gamtec [http://www.gamestone.co.uk/gradius/guides_usb_smartjoy_guide.php SmartJoy Plus] Lik Sang PS-&gt;USB converter Red 2005 
| 0x0925
| 0x0005
| Low 0110
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|detected and digital dpad works with [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4138&amp;forum=2&amp;post_id=35952#forumpost35952 joystick and testjoystick tests] but  the second analog control is not mapping correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue Hack - hardware buggy not useable}} 
| Dual shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested. Nothing picked up upon plugging it in. Quite common, these items have grounding issues or feed voltage back into the USB host and freeze the host controller, preventing any plugins or removals being detected. 
|-
| Gamtec SmartJoy Plus Dual PS-&gt;USB converter Red 
| 0x0925
| 0x00
| Low 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}}
| 
|-
| [http://uk.gear.ign.com/articles/700/700334p1.html Lik-Sang Super SmartJoy PSX] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX 
|-
| Soyo Kiki Kiky 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| eXcel PSX adaptor shaped a little like a stealth bomber with USB pass through 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Venom 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Dragon Plus (Radio Shack) Pantherlord GreenAsia USB to PS2/PS3 converter single black cable
| 0x0e8f
| 0x03
| 1.07
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| 
|-
| Deal Extreme 2 PSX black cables from 1 USB port
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HDE 2014 Personal Communication Systems Inc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0810
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Same as single cable above but with black block midway along cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC001 Super Joy Box 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC016 Super Joy Box arrowhead triangle twin PSX] Original was lack with RED Leds. Clones Dilong pu203, Blue HDE Neewer ShineData SD-APS2USB, Red Octane and Black PC Power Box (NS3454) '''embossed circle''' on top 
| 0x0810
| 0x0001
| 1.06
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows one PS port does not work with analog control at all but the other port does and maps correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works }}
| Still available 2013, poor construction though, falls to pieces easily. Dual Shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd [http://www.mayflash.com/pc/pc038/pc038-1.htm Mayflash PC038 Super Joy Box Pro triangle twin PSX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PC006 long V-shaped 4 port PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter  
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PRO PC039 PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion 
|- 
| Boom PSX+N64 USB converter (purple or blue see through box) (2003/4) - red led for psx and green led for n64
| 0x6666
| 0x0667
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|not detected by Tests/joystick}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue hack }}
| Rumble Pak untested
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/TrioLinkerPlus2.htm EMS Trio Linker Plus II] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4753&amp;forum=24&amp;post_id=43102#forumpost43102 ]
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1DC 1GC 1PSX but not for ddr mat games 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC043 clone HuiJia Black twin N64 converter for PC USB 
| 0x0e8f
| 0x3013
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|detected by Tests/joystick though two digital pads have their settings wrong}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works well with middle handle/grip little joystick}}
| Rumble Pack untested 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC MagicBox SuperBox 3 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| untested 1SS 1DC 1PSX }
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lik Sang SmartJoy X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0285
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SmartJoy X2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0289
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC018 Super Joy Box 9 Xbox (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work. Hub(s) 0x0288 detected but 0x0289 xbox1 joypads are not detected as hid let alone as [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62940.html xpad] or [http://pingus.seul.org/~grumbel/xboxdrv/ linux xboxdrv driver] 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC019 Super Joy Box 10 Xbox Twin ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work with the big Fatty Duke or smaller S Akebono controller(s) 
|-
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC020 Super Joy Box 11 Xbox Quad ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0604
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC035 3 in 1 Magic Joy box PS GC Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to NES [http://wiki.nesdev.com/w/index.php/Standard_controller SPI like protocol] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo Classic USB Pad SNES like 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC044 USB to SNES 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to MEGADRIVE GENESIS Joypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.retrousb.com/product_info.php?cPath=21&amp;products_id=70 USB to 9 pin ATARI RETROPORT style JOYSTICK PORT] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Atari RetroLink 9pin to SB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SLS Sega Saturn USB pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC050 Dual Saturn ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guitar Hero for PC/Mac 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1430
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x474C
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cronus Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BrookX One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Gamecube to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Magic NS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; WiiU 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Brook Converter WiiU P3 P4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CooV Xbox One Converter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* [http://www.bemanistyle.com/forum/f6/best-metal-pad-19066/ Metal dance pads with LEDs] - My My Box Blue Shark (Nexen), Cobalt Flux (CF) (Let's Groove), Red Octane Afterburner, TX-2000, Logic3 (Dance Dance Dance), Gamerose (Stay Cool), 
* Hard foam mat - [http://www.mayflash.eu/3in1-deluxe-dansmat-ignition-foam-ps2xboxpc-p-5.html Mayflash] FutureMax Deluxe 3 in 1 Ignition, [http://www.gamerose.com/ Gamerose] (Stay Cool), TrinPad orange, 
* Soft foam mat - Logic3 (PS420N), [http://www.positivegaming.com/index.php?id=36 Positive Gaming Impact],  Gamerose Miss Daisys Naki (Stay Cool), Pelican, MadCatz

*PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 flex ribbon big source of button/trigger issues with all controllers 
*PS2 Phat KSA1Q40A (Board), SA1Q33A (Membrane) SCHP-10010 H 
*PS2 SA1Q42A SCHP-10010 A 
*PS2 SA1Q43-A SCHP-10010 H


The primary axes are either the Control Pad or the left stick. Buttons come in a rough order: face buttons, then shoulder buttons, then Select and Start, then buttons under sticks, and finally Control Pad directions if not assigned to a hat. But the order and number of buttons within a category are unpredictable, as is which button the user expects to use for each action.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Joypad 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | HATS 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 01
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 02
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 03
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 04
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 05
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 06
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 07
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 08
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 09
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 10
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 11
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 12
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 13
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 14
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 1 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 2 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 3 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 4 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 5 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 6 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Comment 
|-
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 
| A (down-green) 
| B (right-red) 
| X (left-blue) 
| Y (up-yellow) 
| LB (white) 
| RB (black) 
| Back
| Start
| Guide 
| L3
| R3
| 
| 
| 
| Left X 
| Left Y
| LT
| Right X
| Right Y 
| RT 
| Poor 2D, Good 3D 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis GamePad / Original PlayStation Controller 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Red (Sqleft)
| Yellow X (X down)
| Green O (O right)
| Blue (Tri up)
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Older Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Blue X (down) 
| Red O (right) 
| Pink Sq (left) 
| Green Tri (up) 
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start 
| Stick 1
| Stick 2
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Newer Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Up
| Right
| Down
| Left
| L2
| R2
| L1
| R1
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| Stick 1 (analogue Hack) 
| Stick 2 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; Wish Technologies N64 Adaptoid 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt; A
| C Down
| C Right
| B
| C Left
| C Up
| L
| R
| Start
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Z
| Pad Up
| Pad Down 
| Pad Left
| Pad Right 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

Just plug in your digital/analogue joystick or gamepad into USB port. The device will be handled by Poseidon USB stack. Poseidon is the USB stack with Trident adding a GUI (graphical user interface) prefs. 


the context sensitive page would come up right on pressing the help key inside the relevant window. The manual is in this archive, just in case it isn't in SYS:Locale/Help  


*How to change joystick mode to analogue?

By default a connected USB joystick emulates Amiga digital joystick. To change this behaviour so that the joystick is presented as analogue you need to use Trident preferences application (System:Prefs/Trident).

Open Trident and go to Devices on the left hand side (mouse click once on it). Select your controller from the list to the right and then click on Settings button below. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section near the bottom. Find ports which are set to &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot; and change them to &quot;Analogue Hack&quot;. 

Please note that analogue joystick support is an extension of original Amiga functionality, thus an Amiga application must be explicitly written to use it. AROS SDL library uses this functionality, thus all SDL applications that use joystick, can use the analogue joystick feature.

The HID class has several options how to handle the input data: 

* Don't touch: The movement and button data for is not modified by the hid class. This is the default for the ports 0, 2, and 3. 

* Overwrite with USB: This will kill the  original  data  that  might  had  come  from  the internal  ports  and  overwrites it with the joypad data for this USB interface. Note well: If you have multiple  joypads  connected,  take care  which setting you have selected for each port, because only the last interface with this option will actually send the joypad data to the game. 

* Merge with USB: This option merges the input data of the  lowlevel.library  with  the USB  stream. This only works, if the connected device on the original Amiga  ports  is  NOT  a  mouse  (because  then   the   streams   are incompatible).  Merging  should  be  the preferred method, because it leaves the original joysticks working. 

* Disable: Turns off the port for the application.

* Analogue Hack: Tells Poseidon to force reporting  of  analogue  data  at  the  port. Please  note  that  this only works with programs that understand the analogue  data,  because  it's   an   extension   to   the   original lowlevel.library   standard   made  by  Commodore.  If  you  want  to incorporate this feature in your software, just contact me and I will send you the necessary information. 

* Rumble Port: As addition to the analogue data, the HID class  supports  applications and  games  that want to utilize a rumble pack or force feedback motors in the gamepads. This field selects to  which  lowlevel  port  the  hid device responds, when attempting to use the rumble pack. Normally, this corresponds to the port that has  been  set  in  the  actions  for  the joypad.


*How to change joystick port assignment?

The low  level  library  supports up to four ports. Port 0 is usually used by the mouse, port 1 is the standard port for joysticks/joypads. By default a connected USB joystick is present in Port 1. To change its location to Port 0 you need to use Trident preferences. 

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section. Port 1 should be set as either &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot;. Change this setting to &quot;Don't touch&quot;. Change Port 0 setting to &quot;Merge with USB&quot;.

Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. In the &quot;Reports and collection&quot; select first entry named &quot;Joystick&quot;. in the &quot;Usage items&quot; select &quot;X axis&quot;. Go to &quot;Performed actions&quot; area. On the left there will be a list of triggers. Each of them should have (port1) in their params. Click on the first trigger and using buttons to the right of the list change port1 into port 0. Repeat this for all triggers and for all items on &quot;Usage items&quot; list.


*How to make joystick simulate keyboard keys?

With Poseidon it is possible to make the joystick simulate the keyboard pressings. This might enable using joystick for playing games which only have keyboard support. This feature is configured in Trident preferences.

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. On the right top window select X axis. On the left bottom list select an entry &quot;Digital Joystick, Push left(port 1)&quot;. On the panel to the right change &quot;Digital joystick&quot; into &quot;Raw Key&quot;. A list of keys will be displayed. Select key you wish to send. Repeat the same procedure for &quot;Digital Joystick, Release left (port 1)&quot; option but this time check &quot;Send key up even instead of key down&quot;. Open shell and move your joystick to the left - your selected letter should appear in the shell. 


*Analogue in Trident Prefs
* Open the Trident USB Prefs -&gt; Devices -&gt; Select your joypad -&gt; Settings button -&gt; Action TAB 
* See some &quot;axis&quot; listed under &quot;Usage items&quot; in the top right of the window. They are your analog stick(s) 
* Check [x] Track Incoming Events which is half way down the window on the left 
And you should see some axis activity in &quot;Usage items&quot; when you move the analog stick 


*Actions

HID class item -&gt; Settings -&gt; HID Class Window -&gt; Action Tab -&gt; Action handling area 

Reports and collections -&gt; Usage Items -&gt; Performed actions 


Qualifier keys are *special*. You don't only need to create the actual keypress but also modify the qualifiers.
Go to the keyboard panel and find the windows menu key by enabling key tracking and pressing the windows menu key. Then assign the right amiga key to it.

Go to the actions panel and find the right amiga key (it's called &quot;Keyboard right GUI&quot;). Remember the actions stored there, best write them down in exact order. Then delete them.
Find the windows menu item and add the missing qualifier action. Be sure the parameters are exactly the same and the order is right.

Set them to Raw, then assign an up and down button for each character, etc.
when you change the settings to RAW so you can assign keyboard strokes. it will always say, KEYDOWN or what ever on the left, it never provides and option for key release.

The problem still remains though that if I try to assign the Directional Pad (Hat) to Arrow Keys, that things will get screwed up and you either can not move with the directional PAD (HAT), or movements are assigned to the Left Analog, and do not work as they should, it's as if the right and down arrow keys are ALWAYS On, regardless of the fact that I did indeed assign a Key release command to each input.

check that by pressing analog directions and see the current values, and the thresholds configured in poseidon to bind them to left/right/up/down.

misconfigured too much stuff in the HID settings, you can always go in poseidon-&gt;config list entry and delete the config item related to your device (or the HID class setting itself), back to basics.


*Rumble in Trident Prefs
Open Trident Prefs and click on the Devices option in the left hand window. Click with the mouse once on your gamepad choice on the right hand side and again on the Settings button below. In the new window, select the '''General''' TAB and half way down on the right there is an &quot;Open Now&quot; button in the section &quot;HID output control window&quot;. Clicking on that button opens another window (HID Control) with sliders for the two rumble engines inside the controllers and you can test if they work. '''Sometimes clicking that button does nothing, other times it will open the window and say nothing is detected.''' The leftmost two sliders do nothing, the third one has a large rumble effect, and the fourth one has a small rumble effect.

===Graphic Drawing Tablet===

There is a standard in HID for tablets possibly mouse type. If the tablet is HID conforming in that sense, it should work. Aiptek does a fairly good job at this. The other competitor, Wacom, didn't pay too much attention to this and simply adapted their legacy serial protocol into HID in a very awkward way. Older Wacom tablets have worked with the special support in the HID class, but not the more recent ones. 

 to use graphic tablets fully, applications need to be written that make use of the AmigaOS NewTablet events (which AROS has) 


* Entry level - A6 (6x4) work area 
* Medium A5 (6x8) A4 (10x7) size   (recommended but only a few ie years 2000 to 2003 models supported) 
* Semi Pro A3 (12x9) 
* Pro  Cintiq


* 2005/6 Some support added for Wacom tablets  
* 2008 Wacom's patent on battery free pens expires


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Micrograf Tabby (late 1980s and early 1990s) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;podscat pt 3030 graphics tablet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Summagraphics 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom IV compatible (Graphire, ArtPad, A3, A4, A5 and PenPartner CT-0405-P - Wacom intuos GD-0405-R) Waycom Digitiser II UD-0608-R
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Artpad II (KT-0405-R) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AceCad boards 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Calcomp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 8000 - Aldi/Medion MD 9310 and Aldi/Tevion LT 9310 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tablet PC penabled 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based like x61t X60t NC4200 NC4400 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PenPartner
* PenPartner 2
* PenStation 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire - Wacom Tablet ET-0405-U UV1.1-1 (Slate Blue)  ET-0405UL (lime)  (orange)  (red)  (purple) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|late 90s with A6 size - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511 under Trident prefs. Air pen mouse type movements }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Grapphire 2 4x5  ET-0405A-U UV2.0-3 (Steel Blue) 
* Graphire 2 5x7 ET-0507A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0011 and 0x0012
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0110
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 versions - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air pen mouse type movements - mouse EC-120-0K tested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire 3
* cte-430/w 4x5 pearl   sapphire 
* cte 630 6x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0013 and 0x0014 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0314
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 size - [Wacom Support] Xaxis 0-10207 yaxis 0-7423 tip pressure 0-511 and the erase end appears to respond but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| Wacom Graphire 4 
* cte-440/B Blue cte 440/s Silver 4x5
* cte-640 6x8 cte 640 u 0403 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015 and 0x0016 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;403
| {{Yes|A6 and A5 work area detected [Wacom Support] x-axis 0000-10207 Y axis 0000-7423 Tip Pressure 000-511 and delete rub out end of the pencil seems detected but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom Intuos 4x5 GD-0405 
* Intuos 6x8    GD-0608
* Intuos 9x12    GD-0912
* Intuos 12x12  GD-1212-U 
* Intuos 12x18 GD-1218
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0020 0x0021 0x0022 0x0023 0x0024 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected and responses delivered back - x axis up to 30479 and y axis 31679, tip pressure up to 1023 and x and y tilt up to 127 - Wacom intuos GD-0912-A for Apple Macs NOT SUPPORTED}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 2 4x5 A6 - XD-0405-U 
* Intuos 2 6x8 A5 - xd 0608u uoc
* Intuos 2 9x12 XD-0912-U
* Intuos 2 12x12 XD-1212-U
* Intuos 2 12x18 XD-1218-U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0041 0x0042 0x0043 0x0044 0x0045 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0126
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|various sizes and recognised as [Wacom Support] but not working. x-axis 00000-20319 y-axis 00000-16239 tip presure 0000-1023 x-tilt y-tilt 000-127.  HID mouse xc-100-03 works but never could use it as a real tablet with pressure with TVPaint 3.6 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 3 4x5 (PTZ-430) 
* Intuos 3 4x6   (PTZ-431W ) 
* Intuos 3 6x8   (PTZ-630 PTZ630) 
* Intuos 3 6x11 (PTZ-631W A3 wide)  
* Intuos 3 9x12 (A4 PTZ-930 PTZ930)  
* Intuos 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00b0 0x00b1 0x00b2 0x00b3 0x00b4 0x00b5
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No}} Actions in HID setup window definitively locks the Pointer (mouse) reports settings and even after a clear and save, nothing changes, the configuration returns to default values.  &quot;[Wacom]&quot; reports don't see any events from the tablet, even with &quot;Pointer&quot; reports cleared and save, so is locked a in &quot;mouse&quot; state - but can send a special command to the tablet in order to put it into a special vendor mode. This mode enables Wacom specificities like pressure, tilt, absolute position, buttons, etc... you should send an HID report feature with ReportID=2 and data=2, the current HID class driver doesn't give a way to change that, even using the &quot;initial startup actions&quot; item in the extra collection. No listed features work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Volito - Promethean FT-0405-U06 UV1.4-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0060
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0141
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - appears to be the budget option with some but limited features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Volito 2 
* CTF-??? 2x3 
* CTF-420G CTF-420 V2.0-0 4x5
* Serif Penabled 6742 rebadge of CTF 420/020-B CTF-420/02
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0062
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - no erase function on the end of the pen - nylon nibs value option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PL-400 LCD 
* PL-500
* PL-510
* PL-550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0030 0x0031 0x0032 0x0034 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* PL-600
* PL-600 SX
* PL-700
* PL-710
* PL-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0033 0x0035 0x0036 0x0037 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Cintiq 21 UX and Cintiq Partner DTF-720
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom PenTablet Bamboo (MTE), Bamboo Craft (CTH), Bamboo Fun (CTE), Bamboo Pen (CTL) and Bamboo Pen &amp; Touch (CTH) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Bamboo Fun Medium CTE-650 
| 
| 0x0018 
| 
| {{Maybe|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Fun Small CTE-450 white 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo One CTF-430 V2.0-0 CTF 430/S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0069
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A5 wired air pen and acts like a mouse only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 4 
* Small PTK-440 PTK-540
* Medium - PTK-640 - PTK 540WL Wireless - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  Intuos4 surface sheet was revised in October 2010 to reduce nib wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 5 Touch 
*
* Medium - PTH-650 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0027 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested work, however wireless may glitch or drag }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro Medium - PTH-651 - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Small Pen Tablet - MTE 450 MTE-450A (MTE-450/k) - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0065
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0116
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 work area - mouse movement but no pen detection except x-axis 2 to -2 and y-axis 2 to -2 - mini usb lead - 4 blue led lit buttons not detected as well as circular touch button??  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Pen CTL 460
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested all Bamboo versions were criticized for the drawing surface's roughness (which got smoother over time), which caused the small pressure-sensitive 'nib' to wear down, and become slanted or scratchy in the same way as pencil lead, albeit more slowly}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Fun CTH-461/S wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00D2
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 size - Pen tracking not working but finger touch works }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Connect Pen Tablet CTL-470 CTL-470K 470-DE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 470K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom CTH 480/S wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} lithium battery for pad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pen Small CTL-480/S CTL 480 K wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x030E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected as Intuos PS  but not working although the RHS blue led responds to pen on tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 490 PK S Photo - CTH-490CK-S Comic - CTH-490AK-S Art 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested lower hovering height pen nibs wear fast and input lag/responsiveness}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intuos Pen &amp; Touch Medium - CTH-680 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit work 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro (PTH-660 and PTH-860) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 10.6&quot;
    Genius G-Pen M609
    Genius G-Pen M609X
    iVista Media Tablet 10.6
    Aiptek MediaTablet 10000u

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0501
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x172F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0034
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x1105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 12 by 9&quot; 
    Aiptek HyperPen 12000u T-12000U Tablet Series 
    Nisis T-12000u USB Tablet Series Version 1.05 (aiptek rebadged)

    Trust item #1535
    ADESSO Cyber Tablet 12000 Graphic design tablet
    iVista Media Tablet 12
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2003
    Genius G-Pen M712
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0500, 0x08ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet, untested with others  - Puck (mouse) x axis 0000 to 6000 y axis 0000 to 6000 - stylus (pen) x axis 00000 to 12000 y axis 00000 to 12000 tip pressure 0000 to 1023 - 16 function keys - AAA battery needed for pen and another for the mouse}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 14.1&quot; v5.1e
    Genius G-Pen M714X
    Aiptek MediaTablet 14000u WMK-H141 
    Trust item #15358
    Adesso CyberTablet 14000 M14
    iVista Media Tablet 14.1
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2004

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0X172f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0500
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet - Stylus (Pen) X 16838 Y 16838 Tip Pressure 1023 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0038
    Genius G-Pen F509
    Manhattan 177405

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0038
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0052
    Yiynova MSP19

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0052
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Q Pad
    Aiptek HyperPen Mini
    NGS Flexi Style
    VisTablet PenPad
    iVistaTablet Q Flex Pad
    Bravod Q-PD65-S
    Trust Flex Design Tablet (#16937)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0037
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Sirius Battery Free Tablet
    VisTablet Muse
    PENTAGRAM Designer P 2700
    Princeton PTB-S1BK

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0502
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F610
    Trust Slimline Widescreen Tablet (#16529)
    VisTablet Original 12&quot;
    Adesso CyberTablet Z12
    Adesso CT-Z12A
    PenPower Tooya Pro
    Aiptek Slim 12.1 Inch
    Aiptek SlimTablet 600u Premium II
    NGS Slim Proguess
    iVistaTablet Slim 12.1
    PENTAGRAM ThinType P 2006

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0034
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 5.8&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F350
    Trust item #16485
    VisTablet Mini
    iVistaTablet Slim 5.8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0032
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Venus S Tablet
    Trust eBrush Widescreen Tablet (#17939)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0503
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aiptek GmBH MediaTablet Ultimate II - 16:10 Professional Graphic Tablet Model 1400U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hanvon Beijing HanWang HW Micro Drawing Tablet ET0504U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b57
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8030
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;01111
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|does not work - recognised as an HID mouse - no tablet extensions detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KYE EasyPen 340, Genius EasyPen 340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0458:5014
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| Aiptek Hyper Pen 6000u PC Tablet APT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|detected but does not work - win98 era cordless 6in by 4.5in - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nisis T-8000U APT-2 Aiptek rebadge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08CA
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected but no responses }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acecad Flair II GT-504 Init Fkt  Fkt 0x5ab450c0
AIPTEK HyperPen 10000 U
Aiptek HyperPen 10000U, 
AIPTEK Slim Tablet U600 Premium II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Cad Enterprise Co., Ltd Tablet - 5x3.75 drawing area 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bosto's 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} UCLogic Digitizer 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Adesso CyberTablet Z7, Adesso CyberTablet 12000, Adesso CT-12000A  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic / Lapazz WP8060, UC-Logic / Lapazz PF1209, UC-Logic / Lapazz Artistic Tablet 5540,   Manhattan 8&quot;x6&quot;, Manhattan 3&quot;x4&quot;, Manhattan
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but suspect not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiPro 5.5×4” Graphics Tablet
Digital Ink Pad (A4 format) 
DigiPro WP8060, DigiPro WP5540,  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-pen
G-Pen 4500
Genius Wizardpen
Genius Mousepen
Genius Easypen i405 M610 
Genius PenSketch 9x12, Genius MousePen i608, Genius MousePen 8x6, Genius MousePen / WizardPen 5x4, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-Pen F610
Genius G-Pen M610 
Genius G-Pen 340 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP4030U)
Genius G-Pen 450 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius
UC-LOGIC
iBall Tablet PF8060
iBall
Iball Pen Tablet 8060U, Iball Pen Tablet 5540U, Iball Pen Tablet 4030U, Iball Design Tablet PF1209,
NGS CADBOY (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
Pentagram
QWare
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust TB-3100
Trust TB-5300 Trust 15356 
Trust TB-6300 Trust 15357  WP8060U  Slimline but bulky with metal backing A5 size 
Trust 16486, Trust 16447,  Sketch Design Tablet,
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|clashes with usb and crashes AROS }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic Tablet WP1062
    Aiptek HyperPen 10000U
    Monoprice 10X6.25 Inches Graphic Drawing Tablet
    Pickle 10x6.25 Inch Graphic Drawing tabletguess

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;5543:0064
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| [ VTech KidiPhoto Art Studio] 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works}}
|-
|}

Tablet has a squared lines of wires which induce a current into the pen which is then detected by the metal grid in the tablet pad. Tablets report pressure (and tilt on expensive models) and are absolute pointing devices (put the pen at the top left and the mouse pointer will go to the top left of the screen). Graphic drawing area, what keys, report rate, resolution lpi lpmm, accuracy, pressure levels (may come from the app), origin position,

Wacom tablets use electromagnetic resonance technology.  Since the tablet provides power to the pen through resonant inductive coupling, no power is required for the pointing device. As a result, no batteries are inside the pen (or the accompanying puck), making them lighter and slimmer.

Under the tablet's surface (or LCD in the case of the Cintiq) is a printed circuit board with a grid of multiple send/receive coils and a magnetic reflector attached behind the grid. In send mode, the tablet generates a close-coupled electromagnetic field (also known as a B-field) at a frequency of 531&amp;nbsp;kHz. This close-coupled field stimulates oscillation in the pen's coil/capacitor (LC) circuit when brought into range of the B-field. Any excess resonant electromagnetic energy is reflected back to the tablet. In receive mode, the energy of the resonant circuit’s oscillations in the pen is detected by the tablet's grid. This information is analyzed by the computer to determine the pen's position, by interpolation and Fourier analysis of the signal intensity.

In addition, the pen communicates information such as pen tip pressure, side-switch status, tip vs. eraser orientation and ID number (to differentiate between different pens, mice, etc.). For example, applying more or less pressure to the tip of the pen changes the value of the pen's timing circuit capacitor. This signal change can be communicated in an analog or digital method. An analog implementation modulates the phase angle of the resonant frequency, while a digital method is communicated to a modulator that distributes the information digitally. The tablet forwards this and other relevant tool information in packets, up to 200 times per second, to the computer.


If you disable (delete all of them except for one that needs to be set to &quot;no action&quot;, so that it will not be regenerated as default) the Extra Startup actions, the tablet should remain in relative mouse mode—you will not get pressure information in that mode though. [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/highway_usb/message/2394]}}


=== Handheld Barcode Scanner Readers ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Farsun 9100 barcode scanner 0-12&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola Symbol LS2203 CMOS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tysso 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Simple}} Code 11, Code 39, Code 93, Code 128, Coda Bar, UPC-A, UPC-E, EAN-8, EAN-13, MSI/Plessey, Telepen, Interleaved 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Matrix 2 of 5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unitech MS320 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WCS3905 CCD 1&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Code 93, Matrix 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Code 39, UCC/EAN-128, ISBN, Code 32, EAN/JAN-8 , EAN/JAN-13 , UPC-A, UPC-E, Codabar, Code 128, Code 11, Interleaved 2 of 5, MSI-Plessey, China Post, IATA 2 of 5, ISSN, UK-Plessey 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic Touch 90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intermec  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Metrologic MK9540-32A38 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola LS2208 Laser 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WWS800 Laser 1D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic GD4130-BK-C066 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell 1202G-1USB-5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola / Symbol DS6707-DC20007ZZR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DataMan 8000 2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Voyager 9520/40 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Metrologic MS1690 USB 2D Barcode Scanner  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} QR Code GS1 Databar PDF417
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Syscan GM800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

[http://www.scandit.com/2011/11/04/types-of-barcodes-choosing-the-right-barcode-type-ean-upc-code128-itf-14-or-code39/ Types of Barcode]

&lt;pre&gt;
UPC-A       Grocery most common 
Code 128    
EAN-13      Library Books ISBN &amp; ISSN, 
Code 39     
Codabar     blood bank,

2D barcodes such as 
Data Matrix 
PDF417e     
Maxicode    
Aztec       
QR Code     old Nokia handsets, 
MicroPDF417 
&lt;/pre&gt;


===TouchScreens===

Projected capacitive (PCAP) touch screen product, amongst many options the widely used are I2C and USB 

*USB host–device structure which dominates consumer and industrial electronics devices where higher bandwidth needed and user-friendly (multiswipes)
*I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit simple serial standard for LCD display in embedded systems because of cost and low power 
*SPI arduino and rpi single boards 

We cover the USB here 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| eGalax Touch 4a
| 0eef 
| 0001 
| 0001
| {{yes|2009 works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lilliput HDMI Monitors
669GL-70NP/C/T (7 inch)
869GL-80NP/C/T (8 inch)
FA1011-NP/C/T (10 inch)
FA1046-NP/C/T (10 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iilyama Prolite Monitors
PROLITE T1513SR-1 (15 inch)
PROLITE T1730 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1713SR-1 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1913SR-1 (19 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Smart Display Company (SDC) Touchscreens TFT Monitors
TOUCH-TFT-TS07 (7 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS08 (8 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS10 (10 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS12 (12 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS15 (15 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS17 (17 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS19W (19 inch wide)
TOUCH-TFT-TS22W (22 inch wide)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC Monitors 7 inch models
700TSH
700TSU
700TSV
702TSV
705TSV
706TSA
700IDT
MDT-X7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC 
8 inch models:
800TSV
805TSV

10 inch models:
1020TSV
1026TSA
1040TS

12 inch models:
1200TS
1200TR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus VT229H 21.5&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CUQI 7&quot; Monitor Touchscreen 1024x600 IPS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Espresso 15&quot; Portable Touchscreen Display Monitor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hannspree HT225HPB 21.5 inch
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WaveShare 13.3inch HDMI LCD (H) (with case)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===GPS tracking, running, cycling, biking, walking, hiking, ORIENTEERING, boaters and mapping===

Support for OpenStreetMap but not for Ordnance Survey, Map Pilot or National Geographic's Topo maps data gdb,

Data output supported nmea 0183 V1.5 APA, V1.5 XTE and V2.1 GSA formats, gpx, kml/kmz, tracks from tcx files, geo: URIs,  
NMEA0183(which is RS232, voltages range from -15 volts to 15 volts, 4800 baud), or need NMEA sentences connected to your computer

other method that some units support is a special serial cable that actually emits raw RS232 NMEA. These usually take 10-&gt;30 volts input, can run the unit, and have full voltage I/O for RS232 (not like spanner mode, which effectively turns the unit into a USB-&gt;Serial adapter inside the case).

Equivalent apps - merkator, mapsource,

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin gpsmap 180 GPS/chart plotter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;1992 GARMIN GPS 55 AVD Portable System 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - waas pinpoint within 3 metres - nmea - 4AA battery}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 12 12XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Legend C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eMap 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|possibly through usbmodem rs232 connection nmea 0183 protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} rs232 these older units supported it and would provide the stream in either the standard NMEA 0183 format or a proprietary Garmin format.
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 75 AVD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Map 7000 model 45006 (1994) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Tracker
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Pioneer Satellite Navigator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS 300 315 320 Mentor Receiver (2003) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Not for dedicated sat nav units like the Nuvi, TomTom, etc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NaviLock NL-402U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested u-blox 5 SuperSense® chipset with receivers for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM1-86UB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| U-BLOX UB-6010 GGA,GSA,GSV, RMC and support VTG, GLL, TXT ublox binary and NMEA Command Dynamic Condition }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NAVILOCK GPS NL-602U USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works via usbmodem.device - ublox ag 6 chipset - 50 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TOPGNSS ton Receiver &amp; Antenna GM702  u-blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|UBLOX7020 chip design bloc u-blox}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-162 G-MOUSE u blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|UBX G70xx with RMC VTG GSV TXT GLL GGA GSA}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-172 u-blox 7 G7020-KT gps gnss white pen stick receiver - over 1 inch long 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A| detected as cdc controlled plug in device - 18x18x2mm patch antenna but can be slow to update - nmea 0183 and ublox binary protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GlobalSat BU-353 WaterProof USB GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested SiRF Star III}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haicom HI-206 USB GPS receiver with RS-232 interfaces, RJ11 and PS/II connector EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|usb-serial prolific pl2303 detected but GSP3F SiRF Star IV technology not detected or bound}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BT760Y, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 5 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 6 GPS chipset - 65 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 7 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 8 GPS chipset - 167 channels}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Colorado 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Geko 101 201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} limited waas enabled only - waypoints - aaa battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Edge 200 bike mount 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin ForeRunner 10 15 watch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Montana 600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Dakota 10 20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Map76s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 450T  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB nmea 0183 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - no nmea0183 sentences data stream output - configuration an option to set it to &quot;Garmin&quot; mode, or &quot;Mass Storage&quot; mode. Since the mass storage mode seems to be required for waypoint/track/etc data exchange, the 'Garmin' mode would be for this data stream. Yet putting it in that mode doesnt seem to produce anything.}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 650T 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSMAP 64S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GPSMap 78S or GPSMap 76CSX which has a NMEA port for talking to Nav equipment
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex Vista Cx GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - 2AA battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSmap 276c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 2000 XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} SiRFstarIII™, Antenna Type Multidirectional Patch with WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS support 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


==massstorage.class (MSC/UMS - most cameras and mp3 players)==

=== USB Card Readers ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Installing
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Booting
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| A-Tec Model CR-362 
| 
| 
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://www.belkin.com/IWCatProductPage.process?Merchant_Id=&amp;Section_Id=200406&amp;pcount=&amp;Product_Id=179164 Belkin 15 in 1 Card Reader]
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Conrad CP440 60 in 1 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works on a1k forum}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Genesys Gtech Logic 19 in 1
| 0x05E3
| 0x0710
| High 0200
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Hama 19 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Hama 35 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integral Single Slot SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kingston USB 3.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexar microsd adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} but wider than Sandisk version - could block other slot if below 
|-
| Pretec CardDriver 
|
|
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sandisk MicroMate 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Micro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} has satisfying 'click' when microsd inserted 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Duo MicroSD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} no 'click' insertion uses pressure so future wear and tear issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena metal cased microsd only 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena &quot;Sandisk MobileMate&quot; look-alike 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| SilverCrest 16in1 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P5 8 in 1 TSRDP5K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P8 15 in 1 TSRDP8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Zyxel integralmemory 8 in 1 
| 0x0aec
| 0x3260
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|not detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

=== USB Hard Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Datel MaxDrive 
| 
| 
|  
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck 2.5 Inch USB 3.0 Hard Drive Disk Enclosure/ Case (FE2001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Full USB 3.0 port but plastic teeth keeping drive in place can snap 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE2002) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} full USB 3.0 port - updated design 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE3001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} wider USB 3.0 port and no on/off switch  Jmicron JMS578 chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Iomega Desktop Hard Drive 500GB, 3,5“, USB2.0 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung T3 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 1 space grey / black metal/ plastic 
|-
| Samsung T5 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 2 256GB 512GB alluring blue 1Tb 2Tb black unibody metal 
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Toshiba Canvio 1TB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|partition fat32 or sfs to 100GB max - ntfs partitions not detected out of the box - select usb drive in trident prefs and press disable to shutdown}}
|-
| Verbatim 160GB Smartdisk 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Western Digital USB 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Essential 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Passport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== USB DVD CD ROM Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm enclosure mini-sata dvd-rw 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;9.5mm enclosure ECD829 mini-sata dvd-rw with Initio Corporation INIC-1618L SATA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13fd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but probably needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== USB to NGFF NVMe SDD HDD DVD CD ROM Drives ===

The older Jmicron JMS539B seems to result in massive filesystem corruption given the amount of corrupted content. Prehaps always avoided Jmicron and opted for Asmedia even if it costed a bit more. Realtek seems to be working okay for me generally speaking and newer Jmicron chipsets are less buggy – but evidently not perfect. 

From [https://goughlui.com/2025/08/17/psa-validate-your-storage-jmicron-jms583-kioxia-bg4-series-ssd-issue/ thread] 

Here is a [https://forums.anandtech.com/threads/stable-nvme-usb-adapter.2572973/ very long thread] that discusses data corruption and stability issues with these bridges. The majority of the posts are complaining of dropouts, hangs and the like, which usually down to either a poor USB 3.x implementation (SuperSpeed connections are very picky as to cables, ports and trace routing) or problematic compatibility. Regardless, the [https://www.legitreviews.com/jmicron-jms583-controller-version-matters-for-portable-usb-drives_219422 JMS583 is known to have several versions] noting that the last revision (C) in that article is a 2021 release which should fix earlier stability and cable quality compatibility issues. 
JMS583-STD-Release-v00.02.01.04-Bus Power.bin is the latest JMS583 firmware as of August 2025. 

Early firmware RTL9210 seems to have issues as well 


* RTL9210B
* JMS583 rev1 with firmware A2 or A3  

* RTL9210A
* JMS583 firmware 2.0.9 
* Asmedia ASM2362

* RTL9201A


The reference Hardware ID for the JMS583 chipset from JMicron is:
VID_152D&amp;PID_0583&amp;REV_0209
where &quot;VID_152D&quot; identifies a JMicron product;
&quot;PID_0583&quot; is the generation chipset;
&quot;REV_0209&quot; is the firmware version installed.

In the same way, the reference Hardware ID for the RTL9210 from Realtek is:
VID_0BDA&amp;PID_9210&amp;REV_3100
&quot;VID_0BDA&quot; is for a Realtek product, &quot;PID_9210&quot; is referred to the chipset and &quot;REV_3100&quot; to the firmware.


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM1153E / ASM1153 with firmware 140509_A1_82_40 or 141126_A1_EE_82. Both supports UASP and TRIM on USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM235CM Ugreen aluminum bridging the USB3.2 Gen2x1 to Serial ATA host interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI 9261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM225
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS578 issues USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0578
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|needs fixing on pi4 storage quirks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS576 issues USB 3 to usb-c adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0576
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|orico}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS562 JMicron Technology Corp
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0562
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS561U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1561
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VL716Q4 Orico black meshed aluminum usb c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053E 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASmedia ASM1051E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1536
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM104x
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1042 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown Chinese version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0bc2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2312 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron N5321 gr
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xa583
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Initio Corp INIC-1618L mini slimline sata 6 + 7 pins to usb2 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13FD
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb2 detects 201x laptop DVD as MassStorage(CD/DVD) but may need powered USB hub}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown mini sata to usb3 adaptor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x01F75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0621
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0036 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb3 detects 201x notebook DVD drive as MassStorage(SCSI) but 5V 1.5Amp needs powered hub to burn }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== External Floppy ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://techtravels.org/amiga/amigablog/ Amiga Floppy Project]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/driver/media/Catweasel_AROS_V1.2 Catweasel Mk4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xE159
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x00
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2005 [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=driver/storage works]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Catweazle MK4plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2010  driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hxc2001.free.fr/floppy_drive_emulator/ HxC Floppy Emulator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.softpres.org/glossary:kryoflux KyroFlux]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung SFD-321U/EP USB Floppy
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.cbmstuff.com/proddetail.php?prod=SCP SuperCard Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/greaseweazle Greaseweazle STM hardware], [https://cowlark.com/fluxengine/index.html Greaseweasel support], [https://github.com/keirf/greaseweazle python software], [https://amigakit.amiga.store/greaseweazle-p-91279.html buy], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB FLOPPY DISK DRIVE (USB External Floppy Disk) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/SukkoPera/OpenFlops OpenFlops] with [https://github.com/keirf/flashfloppy FlashFloppy] Gotech clone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/hmerrett/HenryFlops HenryFlops reworked OpenFlops] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/tebl/Amiga-DrawBridge DrawBridge aka Arduino Amiga Floppy Disk Reader/Writer] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| arduino based hardware }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FL-2501 USB Portable Diskette Drive  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 usb - [https://amiga.robsmithdev.co.uk/ Drawbridge] [https://github.com/RobSmithDev/ArduinoFloppyDiskReader software] ribbon cable compat with p/n 19308801-19 and s/n U356244 - model ASM P/N 27l4226 and FRU P/N 05k9283 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Floppy Drive Module USB External 3.5&quot; - Teac FD-05PUB 1.44mb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 usb 1.1 
|-
|}


==ptp.class (PTP and MTP - other cameras and mp3 players)==

=== Cameras ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 350D (also known as the Digital Rebel XT/Kiss Digital N) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 DIGIC II processor 8-megapixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot A430 A560 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 400D (XTi) digital SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1000D also known as Rebel XS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2mp 720p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 450D aka Rebel Xsi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 12.2mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot S90 S95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 2010 720p video - 10Mpixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot SD960 IS Digtal ELPH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 Still Image: Exif 2.2 (JPEG), Movie: MOV (Image: H.264; Audio: Linear PCM) Lithium-ion Battery Pack NB-4L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 500D aka Rebel  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 1080p 15.1MP Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 550D 600D aka Rebel T2i T3i DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010-2011 1080p 18MP Lithium LP-E8 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot S100 S110 S120  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011-2013 720p-1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1100D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T3 SLR, EOS Kiss X50 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p 10Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 650D 700D aka Rebel T4i T5i T6i SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2013 1080p 18Mpixels Lithium LP-E8 articulating flip out twistable screen }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon ELPH 300 HS (IXUS 220 HS) 230 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 blogging camera }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013  12.1 MP CMOS, DIGIC 5 Wifi Lithium Battery Pack NB-9L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7 X, G7X-II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014-2016 1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1300D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T6 SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 1080p 16Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7x G5X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| G7X flip up and G5X flip out - same batteries - no external microphone input - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS M3 M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| flip out - same batteries - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 60D 70D 80D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 6D 7D 8D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 5D Mark II III IV DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix A850
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FujiFilm Finepix F100fd
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix F810
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xf1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| pocketable exr cmos 12mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt1  x-t1  x10 x-t10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujifilm x100 x100s x100t 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xPro1 xPro2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt2 / x-t2 x-t20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoPro HERO 3 HERO4 HERO 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D100, D60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 Compact flash storage - non interchangeable lenses up to 12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D50, D50x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005  storage - 6.1MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D70, D80, D90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 Compact flash storage - 10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D40, D40x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  storage -  10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D300, D700
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008  storage -  12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D2Xs, D2Hs, D3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006-2008  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 720p video unlike D3000 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16mpixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16.2mp 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L26 L27 L28 L29 L31 Coolpix compact cameras 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video - 2 AA - pocket sized }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3100   
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video 14.2mp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5100 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16.2mp  720p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L810 L820 L830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7100 D7200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 up to 24.2mp 1080p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 1080p 24MPixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5200 D5300  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D800 D600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 1080p video sd card storage - dust/oil issue at start}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3300 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24.2MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D500, a high-performance DX-format (APS-C) DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5500 D5600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016-2018 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D810 D610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 1080p video sd card storage }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K UHD video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D900 D850 D820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4k 46MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus C-370 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3.2mp }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Camedia C-725 Ultrazoom
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3mp aa batteries, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 8mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-410 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-510
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 10MP Live MOS sensor with TruePic III processor,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-420
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-620
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 12.3mp, compactflash, xD and microdrive cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-450 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10mp,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax * ist DS DSLR camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K10D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 10.2mp APS-C CCD no video and older manual Pentax K-mount lenses}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2008 14.6MP APS-C but no video recording mode }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K30 K-5 II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 16MP full HD (1080p) recording at 24/25/30 fps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24MP  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 III
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 25.7MP BSI CMOS sensor  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix LZ10 LZ20 DMC-LZ30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ1 TZ5  TZ9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix GH1 GH2 like the DMC-GH2HEB-K - GH3 DMC-GH3HEB-K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Four Thirds (GH2)  MFT Micro Four Thirds (GH3) limited to 29mins recording }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic AF series AF100 AF101 AF102 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 DMC-G3 G5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic DMC LX7 10 LX15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GF7 GX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic G80 G85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 - shooting in MOV or MP4 formats recording limited to sd card size but split files because the FAT32 file system only supports files up 4GB in size, which amounts to around 5 minutes of 4K (100mbps) footage - GH4 appears to create 4GB files as a rule, regardless of whether the memory card’s file system supports larger files or not - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH5 gx80 gx85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Effective: 20.3 Megapixel 5184 x 3888 - 2 sd card slots compatible with high-speed, high capacity UHS-II - sd card v rating like the v90 should record at 60MB/s to be compatible with the GH5 in the All-I format - possible file corruption with .mdt files - new firmware 2.0 update, the Panasonic GH5 becomes the first 5K - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic FZ2000 FZ2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung WB100 WB1100 WB150 WB2200 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung NX11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung  NX200, NX20, NX1000 and NX210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 20.3Mp APS-C sized CMOS image sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo Xacti CG65
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cyber-shot DSC camera models W110 W220 H300 H400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A230
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A290 DSLR Camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 14.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX20V HX30V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 18mp 720p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX50V HX60V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 20.2MP 1080p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A77 A99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony WX100 WX150 wx220 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 2014 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-6 Sony NEX-7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16 to 24MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-3N Sony NEX-5N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α58 Sony α68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 20.1 MP  2014 24mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk III 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1MP 1.0-type back-illuminated Exmor R CMOS sensor, often after boot-up, the motor starts running for no reason for first versions' -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α5000 a5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1 Megapixel APS-C Exmor APS HD CMOS 1080p Sony E-mount [https://github.com/ma1co/Sony-PMCA-RE hack] using [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8M4hR9HiOzM this] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6000 a6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP APS-C sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7S a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α77 II, α99 II, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24.3 MP,  2016 42.4mp   }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk IV V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RX0 RX zero, RX0 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2017 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6500 a6500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP APS-C sensor 4K }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 Alpha 7 II E-mount interchangeable lens mirrorless camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7Sii a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony a7 III α77 ILCE7M3/B Full-Frame Mirrorless Interchangeable-Lens Camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 24mm optical zoom, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 entry-level vlogging, 1-inch 20.1MP, ultra-wide 20mm f/2 prime lens}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}

&lt;pre &gt;
Lens Mounts

Canon EF EF-S
Nikon F 
Panasonic 
Olympus OM 
Pentax DA, FA, F, A, M, and K series
Fujifilm X mount 
&lt;/pre &gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Sensors

APS-C 
S35 
Full Frame 
43 Four Thirds 
M43 MFT Micro four thirds 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Digital Voice Recorder Dictaphone Dictation Machine Handheld ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested 2012 no usb }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7700 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-8600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-711PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-712PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-731PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-811
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested slide out usb-a - aaa battery - ok recordings }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-540PC Olympus VN-541PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips DVT1250
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX470
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX560
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX570 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


=== USB eBooks Readers drm free EPUB version 2.0.1 (2007), 3.0 (2011), 3.1 (2015) or [https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/ 3.3 (2024)] [https://github.com/thansen0/sample-epub-minimal epub examples] formats access ===

EPUB file format is an open standard based on XHTML for content and XML for metadata, contained in a zip file archive 

PDF v2.0 in 2017, 2009 takeover by ISO Org, 1.7 in 2006 , 1.6 in 2005, 1.4 in 2001, 1.3 in 1999, 1.0 in 1993 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch NST BNRV300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;when finding the right micro usb cable that works, internal nook memory not accessible but sd card fat32 readable and writable outside 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 6in 600x800 e-ink 16 grayscale .jpg}} battery remove sd card and Torx T5 back top for Cameron Sino CS-BNR003SL - USA 1.2.2 md5sum 351e26527e80156183e74be2da2ce89f *nook_1_2_update.zip - 1.2.1 UK fdba3981f7f221cc5143db6329645bc2 *nook_1_2_update.zip - skip registration, Turn on the device, but do NOT start setting it up. Hold down the top right button on the front of the device and slide your finger from left to right across the top of the E Ink screen. A ‘Factory’ button should appear in the top left corner of the screen. Press it. Once in the Factory menu, hold down the top right button on the front of the device and tap the bottom right corner of the screen should now see a ‘Skip Oobe’ button. Tap that and the Nook should finally load the home screen. Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch with Glowlight 
*2012 Nook Simple Touch with GlowLight BNRV350 
*2013 Nook GlowLight BNRV500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004 0x0007 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 untested }} perform a hard reset: Turn off the nook completely, turn it on, as soon as you see the screen flash begin holding the bottom page turn buttons until the screen flashes with a message asking reset, press the 'n' key twice to start the reset - Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nook Glowlight 4 Plus 7.8-inch screen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*NOOK 1st Edition (2009-2018) BNRZ100
*NOOK Color (2010-2024) BNRV200
*NOOK Tablet (8GB/16GB) (2011-2024) BNTV250A / BNTV250
*NOOK HD (2012-2024) BNTV400 
*NOOK HD+ (2012-2024) BNTV600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 511EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;045e:ffff
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 untested Preferences-&gt;advanced-&gt;debug device detection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://jaforeck.wordpress.com/2012/08/05/ready-to-meet-viktor-navorski-gained-access-to-elonex-621ebs-terminal-52/ Elonex 621EB] eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1f85
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;unlocked ootb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested usb mini charging 6&quot; diagonal eInk Screen - 800 x 600 pixels, 8 Level 166dpi Paperlike screen, Embedded 1GB Flash NAND, full SD Card Slot up to 16GB - WAV, MP3, JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF support and ePub and PDF(with reflow) (TXT, HTML) support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 700eb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 untested adjust screen blanking by menu then settings then device standby, you can then turn it off}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story HD eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} freescale imx.508 arm mcimx508cvkbb cpu with 2gb samsung nand, m13892aj charging chip, eb07_main_mp1_110321 mobo, mini usb, atheros ar61026 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Rakuten Touch A/B	kobo3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Touch C, Kobo Mini, Kobo Glo N613, Kobo Aura HD N514 N204	kobo4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura, Kobo Aura H2O, kobo5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2013 6in untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v1, Kobo Glo HD, Kobo Touch 2.0, Kobo Aura ONE N709, Kobo Aura ONE Limited Edition, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v1 N236,	kobo6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v2, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v2, Kobo Nia, Kobo Clara HD, Kobo Forma, Kobo Libra H2O	kobo7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Elipsa, Kobo Sage	kobo8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Kobo Libra 2  kobo9, Kobo Clara 2E	kobo10, Kobo Elipsa 2E	kobo11
*Kobo Libra Colour	kobo13, Kobo Clara BW, Kobo Clara Colour	kobo12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pandigital Personal eReader aka? Papyre 6.2 very similar to BQ Avant Firmware
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 350 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 epub bbeb cbz untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K1 D00111 - Main Menu=: Settings: Menu=: Device Info shows S/N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;256mb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2007 untested Marvell Xscale PXA255}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K2, D00511 170-1012-00, D00701 D00801 S11S01B  
* k2 means K2 US
* k2i means K2 GW
* dx means KDX US
* dxi means KDX GW
* dxg means KDX Graphite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested Freescale i.MX31 }} the Kindle is a small computer running Linux 2.6 on an ARM processor
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMAZON Kindle D00901 3rd Gen with keyboard - Menu, Settings for S/N and then Menu again to choose Update 
* S/N starts B006 means k3g aka K3 3G US 
* S/N starts B008 means k3w aka K3 WiFi 
* S/N starts B00A means k3gb aka K3 3G UK EU 
 - debug mode with ;debugON and ~help
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;{{yes|4Gb internal no access until jailbroken JB}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 with mobi and azw3 formats only - micro usb 5v 0.85a - freescale i.mx35 ARM soc with 12bit parallel interface with epson e-ink cpu, 256MB synchronous dynamic RAM, 4GB eMMC internal memory only but no sd slot, MC13892 PMIC - atheros wifi 54mbit pci-e a e keyed wifi - ?? later models wm96103 audio codec - display has 2Mbit serial memory ic on ribbon cable with 4bpp inverse grayscale display not touchscreen - 3g module - screen replacement really annoying - 4 test points near T07 = TX RX GND ? - as of 2025, JB v0.13.N, MKK2014, MKK2025, KUAL, KoReader Legacy2025, and maybe later SS v0.47.N, Python 0.14.N, Fonts v5.16.N, USBNet v0.57.N - USB-downloader mode when Vol+ is pressed during startup - Shift + Alt + M for Minesweeper - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle 4th Generation k4 D01100 two buttons, square movement and two buttons at bottom 
*B00E 
plastic back clipped in [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV1dyNkjjro many places] and strongly taped down to battery cover 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb with USB MS, USBMS aka also known as USB MSC or UMS
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 once back off use Torx T5 to remove battery cover screws - battery glued down S2011-001-A 515-1058-01 DR-A015 MC-265360 - Freescale i.MX508 SOC, 2Gb eMMC storage, 256MiB of LPDDR1, MC13892 PMIC - vendor modified u-boot imximage based on u-boot v2009.08 - USB-downloader mode press the fiveway down button during startup resetmykindle - as of 2025 upgrade firmware from 4.1.x and to 4.1.4, sign into account and copy jb.1.8 bits, mkk-2014, mkk-2025, kual and then uninstall kual, koreader2025 - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5th Gen) D01200 K5, KT
*Once signed into an Amazon Account get S/N under Settings -&gt; Device Options
*B00F 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (U.S. and Canada) [Mostly]
*B011 	Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5)
*B010 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (Europe) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 touchscreen i.MX508 SOC, 256MiB of LPDDR1 and USB-downloader mode by the SOC microcode when a specific key is pressed during startup: the home button on model D01200 - update firmware 5.3.2 to 5.3.7.3, access account, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] PW 
&lt;pre&gt;
B024 	Kindle PaperWhite WiFi 
B01B 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
B020 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Brazil) 
B01C 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Canada)
B01D 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Europe)
B01F 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Japan)
&lt;/pre&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0007
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 Freescale i.MX508 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 2 (2013) PW2 
*B0D4, 90D4 WiFi (U.S., Intl.) 
*B05A, 905A WiFi (Japan)
*B0D5, 90D5 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B0D6, 90D6 3G + WiFi (Canada] 
*B0D7, 90D7 3G + WiFi (Europe)
*B0D8, 90D8 3G + WiFi (Russia)
*B0F2, 90F2 3G + WiFi (Japan)
*B017, 9017 WiFi (4GB) (U.S., Intl.)
*B060, 9060 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Europe)
*B062, 9062 3G + WiFi (4GB) (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B05F, 905F 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Canada)
*B061, 9061 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Brazil) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb or 4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| PW2 uses Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 3 PW3 i.e. Kindle 7th gen 
*G090G1 (2015) WiFi 
*G090G2 (2015) 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] 
*G090G4 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Mexico)
*G090G5 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Europe, Australia) 
*G090G6 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Canada)
*G090G7 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KB (2015) WiFi 
*G090KC (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KE (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090KF (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090LK (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) 
*G090LL (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) White 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ease up glued down front bezel rim panel gently, remove 11 screws underneath and lift screen up from bottom end - battery underneath -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 4 (2018) PW4
*G000PP, G8S0PP WiFi, 8GB
*G000T6, G8S0T6 WiFi, 32GB
*G000T1  WiFi+4G, 32GB
*G000T2  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Europe)
*G00102  WiFi, 8GB (India)
*G000T3  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Japan)
*G0016T, G8S16T WiFi, 8GB Twilight Blue
*G0016Q, G8S16Q WiFi, 32GB Twilight Blue
*G0016U  WiFi, 8GB Plum
*G0016V, G8S16V WiFi, 8GB Sage 
*G00103  WiFi, 32GB (India) 
*G0016R  WiFi, 32GB Plum
*G0016S  WiFi, 32GB Sage 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Oasis 2 and 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| NXP i.MX7D  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8110  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle 11 Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8113 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite Gen 11 and 12 - Signature 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16Gb or 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 account not blocked,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Modos-Labs Modos Labs] open source e-ink 60Hz 75Hz caster controller and glider monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xteink X3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.xteink.com Xteink X4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 4.3in 220ppi no touchscreen so [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7RuokaVauo buttons navigation] - 650mAh battery - micro-sd slot up to 512Gb covering epub, txt, and jpg in directories with [https://github.com/crosspoint-reader crosspoint reader] esp32 cpu custom rom firmware using [https://xteink.dve.al/ Flash website] on usb-c but no ecosystem store 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon D01400 Kindle Fire (1st Generation) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 too old }} android 2.3 and touchscreen digitizer fails often, battery SWE P/N 1002000004742 Model KC1 (EU) QP01 (US) 16.28whr, ti 257epl9l omap 4430 with elpida 88164b3pf-10-f88164b3pf or hynix,  mobo ??,, DAOKC1MB8F0 Rev F, ti aic3110 audio codec, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Fire 7in X43260 X43Z60 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested FireOS Android 4 omap 4460 and PowerVR SGX540}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Fire HD (3rd Gen) P48WVB4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD10 (2015) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2015)	
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2015)	(5th Generation) 7 inch 8GB SV98LN 
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2014)	
*Amazon Fire HD6 (2014) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested android 5.1 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10 (2017) 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2017) 7th Gen 8 inch SX034OT 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2017) (7th Generation) 7 inch 16GB (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 (7th Generation) 7 inch 8GB WIFI Tablet (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2016)	
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Android 5.1 max 7in screen resolution of 1024 x 600, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10/10+ (2021) 
*Amazon Fire 8/8+ (2020) 
*Amazon Fire 10 (2019) 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2019) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 9th Gen 16GB M8S26G 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2018) 8th Gen 8 inch 32GB L5S83A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 9 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD 10 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire Max 11 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire 8 (2022)	
*Amazon Fire 7 (2022)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 11 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minimal Phone, Mudita Kompakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| eink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B751C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B7 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B6
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android based color eink small - 300dpi b/w 150ppi color -}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme Hibreak Pro, Hisense A9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meebook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Page Palma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf3C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go Color 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 untested 7in e-ink e-reader android tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx BooxTab Ultra X C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Note Max Air4 C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf5C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Poke6S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox MC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| color e-ink 13.3in }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 (Gen 2) Lumi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 b/w eink with front light, no EMR annd capacitance pen,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Moaan Pantone 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable Paper Pro Move 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 untested but subscriptions needed for some features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A5 X2 Manta
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A6 X2 Nomad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Vision 2 3 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Epos2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viwoods AI Paper and AI Paper Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==printer.class==

As the only printer driver that AROS supports natively is Postscript, our focus is on applications that generally output postscript formatted data for printing purposes. 
There has been an attempt at recent AirPrint support 

*Inkjet 


*Laser 


Start simple and then test every higher level...

* can if you ping your printer (the IP addy is good)?
* set up LPR/IPP to talk to that known good IP address.
* see if you can copy a few words of plain ASCII text to the IPP/LPR device (do you have a connection)?
* see if you can find a simple postscript file and then copy it to the IPP/LPR device.
* see if you can set up to print directly to the IPP/LPR device (set &quot;Output file&quot; to PRT: or LPR:).
* see if you can set up a PS printer config to the IPP/LPR device.
* go back and try the tests with the other driver (LPR or IPP).


See [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_drive7.htm here] for compatibility with TP7 (TurboPrint 7) Last update 2004. Not tested under emulation. Janus-UAE, Emumiga, Amiberry etc 


usbparallel.device

untested with USB-&gt;Centronics - The printer.class is rather 'clever'. It remembers to which unit the printers were connected (until you reboot). So if you first plug in Printer1, it gets unit 0, and Printer2 gets unit 1. If you now remove both printers and replug Printer2, it still will get unit 1 and not 0. This is used not to confuse the programs using the different units (moreover, if some program uses the usbparallel.device unit of an USB printer, and the printer is unplugged, the device unit cannot be freed immediately as the application still keeps it open). 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Beige cream D shape centronics end (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002v1 centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002VEA v2 centronics end (Prolific PL2305L chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| DYNAMODE USB-C-PP-1284 USB to 36pin (Prolific 2305 chipset) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 0x02
| {{N/A|untested but similar to BAFO below}}
|-
| IOGear GUC1284B 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| My-Link (raised ellipse on centronics plastic end) (unknown chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but more expensive }}
|-
| NEWLink (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Targus PA096E centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| TRENDnet ware TU-P1284
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| True PnP (Prolific chipset 2305) cheap 36pin Centronics (series of ridges along both short sides) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 2.00
| {{N/A|untested on BAFO BF-1284 but reports of poor quality and lack of support on other OSs }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| Transparent See Through Blue 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but possible poor quality build }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-PARALLEL 25pin female (prolific) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305 
| 0x02 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FDL USB to 25pin 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| PlusKom USB to 25pin female connector for printer (IEEE 1284) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| QinHeng Electronics (CH340S chipset) 
| 0x1a86
| 0x7584
| 
| {{N/A|untested curvy sides - flat top }}
|-
| StarTech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Syba SD-USB-DB25 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


Postscript interpreters (eg ghostscript) have been developed as a cheaper option which sit in between postscript data streams and non postscript printers.

Ghostscript has internal printer drivers

 gs -h

and with something like

 gs -sDEVICE=stcolor -r300 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile gs813:examples/tiger.ps
 copytopar ram:tempfile

It checks if in RAM: exists a outputfile (Cinnamon can export to PS postscript) then it sends this via copytopar to the printer. There was only support for parport (parallel) but Terminillis added support for USB and ethernet. A big issue with using ghostscript for drivers is that data has to originate as postscript (.PS) file.

 gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ljet4 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile RAM:file.pdf

the ljet4 output device generates PCL

also the pxlmono driver, which generates more generic PXL (PCL 6)

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pswrite -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER testpage-a4.ps &gt; test.pdf

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pxlmono -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER test.pdf &gt; test.pxl


Printers supported by ghostscript...Explanation [http://freebooks.by.ru/view/RedHatLinux6Unleashed/rhl6u151.htm here] or [http://www.gnu.org/software/ghostscript/devices.html here] and [http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/printer.htm here]

&lt;pre&gt;
bit            cljet5          ljet4d          pjxl300         pxlcolor
bitcmyk        cljet5c         ljetplus        pkm             pxlmono
bitrgb         deskjet         nullpage        pkmraw          stp
bj10e          djet500         pbm             pksm            tiff12nc
bj200          epswrite        pbmraw          pksmraw         tiff24nc
bjc600         faxg3           pcx16           png16           tiffcrle
bjc800         faxg32d         pcx24b          png16m          tiffg3
bmp16          faxg4           pcx256          png256          tiffg32d
bmp16m         ijs             pcxcmyk         pnggray         tiffg4
bmp256         jpeg            pcxgray         pngmono         tifflzw
bmp32b         jpeggray        pcxmono         pnm             tiffpack
bmpgray        laserjet        pdfwrite        pnmraw          uniprint
bmpmono        lj5gray         pgm             ppm             x11
bmpsep1        lj5mono         pgmraw          ppmraw          x11alpha
bmpsep8        ljet2p          pgnm            psgray          x11cmyk
cdeskjet       ljet3           pgnmraw         psmono          x11gray2
cdj550         ljet3d          pj              psrgb           x11gray4
cdjcolor       ljet4           pjxl            pswrite         x11mono
cdjmono
&lt;/pre&gt;


==rawwrap.class - some old flatbed scanners supported==

Scandal is the MUI frontend to [http://www.ppa.pl/bugtracker/ Betascan Bugtracker] and [http://aminet.net/search?query=betascan Search for Betascan scanner drivers] derived from [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html sane backends] 


[http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-EPSON2 Epson2] 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Expression 1600 1640XL 1680 10000XL
| 0x04b8
| 0x0107 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Prefection 1200U, 1200 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0104
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 1240U
| 0x04b8
| 0x010b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{[https://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=45760&amp;forum=25 works]|Needs 24V 0.8A psu but in Trident, click on &quot;Classes&quot;, then on &quot;rawwrap.class&quot;, then on &quot;Configure&quot;. There, under &quot;Global&quot;, activate the Option &quot;Bind to Vendor/Unknown Interfaces&quot;. Now go to the second tab &quot;Default Interface&quot; and select/enter these values: 
Default usbraw.device Unit: 0
Exclusive access: Yes
Out NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In Buffer Mode: No buffering
Buffer Size: 36 KB
Short Reads Terminate: Yes
Now click on &quot;Use as Default&quot; and select &quot;Devices&quot; on the left. There, click on your scanner and click on &quot;Class Scan&quot;. Now close Trident by clicking on &quot;Save&quot;. }}
|-
| Perfection 1640SU Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x010a
| 0x0104
| {{yes|works, even the transparency unit}}
|-
| Perfection 1650 Photo, 1660 Photo, 3200 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x011c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 2400 Photo, 2450 Photo 
| 0x04b8
| 0x011b 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 4870 Photo, 4990 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0128
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection V700 V750 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x012c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus CX2800 2900 3200 3500 3600 3650 3700 3800 3900

Stylus CX4100 4200 3500 4600 4700 4800 4900 500 5100 5200 5300 5400 5900
| 0x04b8 
| 0x0802 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus Office BX300F USB 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0848
| 
| {{yes| works with good scan quality}}
|-
|}


[http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx] scanners based on the Grandtech GT-6801 and GT-6816 &quot;System-On-Chip&quot; scanner chipsets 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Artec Ultima 2000 and e+, Trust Flat Scan USB 19200 (ePlus2k.usb / Gt680xfw.usb) 
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Genius Colorpage Vivid3x 4x 1200x
| 0x0458
| 0x2011 to 0x201f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexmark	X70	also X73 [http://subfusion.net/drivers/oslo3071b2.usb OSLO3071b2.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x043d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x002d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Medion/Lifetec/Tevion/Cytron MD/LT 9375 and Artec Ultima 2000, MD LT 9385 Gt680xfw.usb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05d8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| BearPaw 2448 CS and TA Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A2Nfw.usb A2Nfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 CS 
| 0x055f
| 0x021e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A1fw.usb A1fw.usb])}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek 1200 CU Plus Scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend PS1Dfw.usb / SBSfw.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2000 }}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1200 UB plus, Trust Compact Scan USB 19200, ScanMagic 1200 UB Plus
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/sbfw.usb sbfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1248 UB aka PC-World PC Line PCL-3000 
| 0x055f
| 0x021f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/SBSfw.usb SBSfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 2400CS TA aka Goodmans GSC 12/24
| 0x055f
| 0x0218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (Transparency adapter untested) }}
|-
| BearPaw 2400 CS aka TA Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x0219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Transparency adapter) }}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 1200 Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x021c or 0x021b 
| 0x0
| {{yes|works - [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ firmware required] but slow usb 1.1 speed with poor quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 2400 Plus aka BearPaw 2400 CU Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ PS2Dfw2.usb firmware rename to PS2Dfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021d 
| 1.00
| {{yes|works slow usb 1.1 speed with ok quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticPro 1248U
| 0x07B3
| 0x0400 0x0401
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticSlim 2400
| 0x07b3
| 0x0422
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (cis3R5B1.fw)}}
|-
| Visioneer OneTouch 7300
| 0x04a7
| 0x0444
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Cis3r5b1.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek ScanEpress 1200 UB (Plus) clone [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/ use mustek_usb backend]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x055f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Lexmark - needs testing
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Lexmark X1110 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1140
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1150 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1170 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1180 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1185
| 0x043d
| 0x007c
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Lexmark X12xx 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested in USB1.1, not fully tested in USB2.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dell A920 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


HP - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| HP ScanJet 4100C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0101
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 5200C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0401
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 62X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0201
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 63X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0601
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP  
| 0x03f0
| 0x0102, 0x0105, 0x0205, 0x0305, 0x0405
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x0705, 0x0805, 0x0901, 0x0a01
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x1205, 0x1305, 0x2005, 0x2205
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Plustek [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-PLUSTEK LM983x] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Plustek OticPro U12 UT12 UT16 U24 UT24
| 0x07B3
| 0x0010 to 0x0017
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| KYE/Genius Colorpage HR6-V2 HR6A HR7 HR7LE HR6X
| 0x0458
| 0x2008 to 0x2016 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Hewlett-Packard ScanJet 2100C and 2200C
| 0x03F0
| 0x0505 and 0x0605
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 and 2400 
| 0x0400 	
| 0x1000 and 0x1001
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| UMAX 3400/3450 and 5400 	
| 0x1606
| 0x0050, 0x0060 and 0x0160 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1250 and 1260
| 0x04B8
| 0x010f and 0x011d
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| CANON CanoScan N650/656U N1220U D660U N670/676U N1240U LIDE20 LIDE25 LIDE30
| 0x04A9
| 0x2206 to 0x2220
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


[http://snapscan.sourceforge.net/ SnapScan] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Acer Benq 310U, 320U, 340U
| 0x4a5
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 620U, 620UT, 640U, 640UT
| 0x4a5
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 1240 3300 4300
| 0x4a5
| 0x020
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Agfa SnapScan e10 e20 e25 e26 e40 e42 e50 e52
| 0x06bd
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 660
| 0x04b8
| 0x0114
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1270 1670
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 2480 2580
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 3490 3590
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mitsubishi
| 0x0
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}

==hub.class (self-powered and external ac powered hubs)==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dynamode USB-H41 4 ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Belkin 4 Port 
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Conrad
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum] }}
|-
| DLink DUB-H4 AC Adapter 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| High 0200
| {{maybe|WARNING Genesys Logic Hub Broken - Will cause failures with USB}}
|-
| [http://service.targa.co.uk/faq.php?lang_id=2&amp;baseid=178&amp;artdesc=SilverCrest+USB+Hub+2040&amp;artid=760&amp;artpic=silvercrestHUB2040.jpg SilverCrest 4-port slim USB 2.0 HUB - HUB2040 (40775) - Targa GmbH]
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| 0901
| {{yes|works  Genesys Logic, Inc., [http://service.targa.co.uk/dokumente/USB_HUB_2040_0109_manual_EN.pdf Manual]}}
|-
| Skymaster
| 0x05e3
| 0x0605
| 060B
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| No Name active 4-port
| 0x1a40
| 0x0101
| 0111
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thinkpad USB 3.0 Dock DU9019D1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17e9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4302
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0014
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works a bit}} classed as dfu.class with two further USB 2.0 hubs - USB 3.0 ports detected and work (2.0 backwards compatibility) - DisplayLink DL-3900 with VIA VL811 chipset - usb ethernet not working - two dvi not working - 20V psu 2a (40w) with a 5.5 - 2.5mm tip (no bus power) - data through a-b printer/scanner usb lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


==Internet==

===rndis.class USB Tethering ===

The rndis class provides support for Ethernet access over Remote NDIS. Most USB based devices should be supported including smartfones.

Before opening Network Prefs, activate USB Tethering on the Smartfon, on Network prefs, type in usbrndis.device and tick &quot;Start Network during system boot&quot; and saved the configuration, the Connection is immediate no reboot is needed.

When restart AROS my Smartphone deactivates the connection and to access the network again, have to reactivate it before starting the browser.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alcatel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| Huawei U8800
| 0x12d1
| 0x1039
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Huawei
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| HTC (Android phone)
| 0x0bb4
| 0x0ffe
| 
| {{Yes|any android phone with usb tethering option}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nokia 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oppo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft winPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


===USB &amp;rarr; ethernet lan adaptor===

*2002 playstation 2 usb1.1 era - a little support but very old and slow 
*2006 wii asix era - a little support but very much miss than hit 
*2026 usb0: or eth0: of CDC Ethernet protocol (cdcether) with Ethernet Control Model (ECM) and [https://www.usb.org/document-library/class-definitions-communication-devices-12 others like Wireless Mobile Communication Devices WMC] and later CDC EEM (Ethernet Emulation Model) and NCM (Network Control Model) are USB Communication Device Class (CDC) protocols packing more Ethernet traffic over every USB bundle. For CDC Ethernet - NCM is better than EEM is better than ECM 


* USB1.1 Up to 010 meg broadband (1.25MBytes/s) - ADM8511, DM9601 poor speeds 
* USB2.0 Up to 400 meg broadband (60MBytes/s) - MCS7830, AX88772 a little especially the 2010 apple version but buy many as very very poor odds of working one 
* USB3.0 Over 400 meg broadband (60+MBytes/s) - not supported at the moment 


SANA (Standard Amiga Network Architecture) to usb 

ADMtek Infineon ADM8511 Pegasus II (USB 1.1 and 10Mbit/s - Sony PlayStation 2 network adapter) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Com 3c460b 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Abocom UFE1000 / Abocom DSB650TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Accton USB320-EC / Accton SpeedStream Ethernet
| 0x083a
| 0x0320
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|2002 }}
|-
| AEI USB Fast Ethernet / Allied Telesyn AT-USB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2002 }}
|-
| ATEN UC-110T
| 0x0557
| 0x4000
|
| {{unk|2001 }}
|-
| BAFO USB To Ethernet Adapter BF-310
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v1 1101 
| 0x050D
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{maybe|2002 sometimes works from old amiga.org post which is now removed}}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v2 2101
| 0x050D
| 0x0121
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2006 does not works}} 
|-
| Belkin F5U122-PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USB-100 / Billionton USBLP-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USBEL-100 / Billionton USBE-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Compex LinkPort/UE202A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-H3ETX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-650 / D-Link DSB-650TX / D-Link DSB-650TX-PNA
| 0x2001
| 0x4000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DU-E10 / D-Link DU-E100
| 0x2001
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Edimax USB Ethernet Adapter EU-4201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Elsa AG MicroLink USB2 Lan Ethernet adapter
| 0x05cc
| 0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GetNet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GIGABYTE GN-BR402W Wireless Router
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway Fellowes USB UE-120 REV:V1 UE120 ADMTek 1011594 HO2419741 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07a6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0986
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2001 USB Specification 1.1 compliant}} 
|-
| GWC Tech USB Ethernet Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hawking UF100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| HP HN210E / I/O DATA USB ETTX / Kingston KNU101TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Jinco USB Ethernet Adapter 10/100 Base-T UE-110
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Kouwell USB to Ethernet 588A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Linksys USB10T / TA / TX
| 0x066b
| 0x2202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested - possible peg1/peg2}}
|-
| Linksys (Cisco) USB100TX / H1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitec LAN-TX/U1 H2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.mayflash.com/psps2/ps2024/ps2024.htm Mayflash PS2024] Playstation2 compatible clone of Proxim/Farallon NetLine?
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with DHCP router option on old 32bit distros but not on newer 64bit, best to go asixeth apple 2010 but buy many of them as poor success rate i.e. a lottery}}
|-
| Netgear FA101
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Philips CPWUE01/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Planet UE-9500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| PlayStation 2 SCPH-10000 50000 models 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Proxim (formerly Farallon) NetLine USB PN796-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Siemens SpeedStream USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SOHOware NUB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SMC EZNET-USB 2202USB/ETH / SMC 2206USB/ETH
| 0x0707
| 0x0100 0x0200 0x0201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|untested but should work very well }}
|-
| Surecom EP-1427X 100/10M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Target USB to 10/100M Fast Ethernet Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-ET100C
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| {{yes| sometimes works well, very stable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus USB NIC DN-3016-A 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8513
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested new chipset }}
|-
| Digitus lanusb ADM8515
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested because new chipset }}
|-
| VE285 usblan ADMtek 8515 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{no|not working as new chipset }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Davicom DM9601 eth (USB 1.1 and up to 10Mbit/s) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Davicom USB-100 see clone below 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| [http://wiki.maemo.org/USB_to_ethernet_networking chinese translucent transparent crystal blue] but variants are also found in clear, white and black. Just over 6&amp;nbsp;cm long. 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| 0x0
| {{yes|2002 success can be sporadic so technically okay, but lacking in reliability. Out of 4 tested by me, only 2 worked. One case cracked open. }}
|-
| Corega FEther USB-TXC
| 0x07aa
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-NIC-1427-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hirose USB-100
| 0x0a47
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| KY-RS9600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585358&amp;postcount=12 works] }}
|-
| ShanTou ST268 USB NIC
| 0x0a46
| 0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| ZT6688 USB NIC 
| 0x0a46
| 0x6688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ICS Advent DM9601 USB 2.0 10/100M Ethenet Adaptor JP1081B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FE6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9700
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0101
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|not working 32bit and 64bit - USB 1.1 10M ethernet}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


MosChip MCS7830 (USB 2)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Digitus DN-10050
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 }}
|-
| Edimax [http://www.edimax.co.uk/images/Image/datasheet/USB/EU-4206/EU-4206.pdf EU-4206]
|
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 }}
|-
| Speed Dragon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| STLabs 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| StarTech Compact USB2105S [http://www.kustompcs.co.uk/acatalog/info_6790.html USB2106S]
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| Sunrich Technologies [http://www.st-lab.com/admin/upfile/UploadFile/manual/manual(u-250).zip U-250]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| Syba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MCS 7832 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* USB2 [https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet Asix Ethernet] AX88178A, AX88772C, AX88772B, AX88772A (wii), AX88172A 
* USB3 AX88179A, AX88179  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AirLink101 AGIGAUSB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  AX88172}}
|-
| ATEN UC210T 
| 0x0557
| 0x2009
| 0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88172}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Billionton Systems USB2AR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08dd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x90ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo LUA-U2-KTX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0411
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;corega FEther USB2-TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07aa
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| D-Link DUB-E100 up to rev A4
| 0x2001
| 0x1a00
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;D-Link DUB-E100 rev B1 onwards 
| 0x07d1 or 0x2001 
| 0x3c05
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|AX88172 works on Deneb with [http://amigax.com/2010/02/21/usb-ethernet-speed-test-amigaos-4-0-classic/ Amiga OS4 Classic] and [http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 on a1k] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;goodway corp USB gwusb2e
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1631
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6200
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hawking UF200 
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[Linksys USB200M] 
| 0x077b
| 0x2226
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585601&amp;postcount=20 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Netgear FA120 
| 0x0846 
| 0x1040
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2002 10/100 Rev.B1&quot; is silkscreened on the board of the device populating this entry (S/N: FA12254CB100409, date code 0508). This device may be manuf. by [http://www.cameo.com.tw/ Cameo] &quot;AX88172 L&quot;, &quot;F05040157&quot;, and &quot;ED3&quot; Chip1 ASIX AX88172  Chip2 Realtek RTL8201BL}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intellinet
| 0x0b95 
| 0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JVC MP-PRX1 Port Replicator
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04f1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ST Lab USB Ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sitecom LN-029 &quot;USB 2.0 10/100 Ethernet adapter&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x6189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x182d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Surecom EP-1427X-2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0893
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v2
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|version 2}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;A-LINK NA1GU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLink101 ASOHOUSB Wii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLive EtherWe-1000U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE AX88772 Model No. A1277 MC704LL/A P/N 825-7098-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008  usb2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE Model No. A1277 (MB442Z/A 0885909217434) MC704ZM/A PN 825-7579-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|2010 model, usb2 and controller AX88772 where prehaps 1in3 units working with owb - really poor odds i.e. a lottery, could be situation where various ethernet phy chipsets are used - press Use in network prefs after Save initial setup typing in usbasixeth.device, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASIX AX88772 bulbous casing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 works on 32bit and 64bit though setup can take a few attempts but may have issues with phy ethernet chip changing,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datel Wii Lan Adapter DUS0204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4207 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway HE2230 Maplin ASIX 88772 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intec LAN G5626 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0202
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0301
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB200M Rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13b1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0018
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 sparsely randomly working AX88772 or with &quot;Sana-II Meter Tool 37.11&quot; network monitoring program, showing continuous &quot;Bad Packet&quot; errors which could means &quot;CRC&quot; errors}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB300M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2009 AX88772  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash W001 or clones Lupo/PEGA S-Wii-0680 light gray rectangular with third of one top 45 degree angled slope
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| may have randomly changed phy ethernet chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Max Value MVF00446 ASIN B006EG568A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises as AX88772 sometimes works on 32bit and 64bit}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink N14050 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink Wii-ETH USB2.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nintendo Wii LAN Adaptor 2110566 and clones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Poseidon recognises as AX88772 with usbasixeth.device sometimes works seems different ethernet phy chips can be matched affecting compatibility}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nyko Wii Net Connect 87024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585624&amp;postcount=22 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;0Q0 cable ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1557
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E100 (2009/2010) Bulbous housing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises it as ax88772A and typing in usbasixeth.device sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SpeedLink SL-3401-SGY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen 20254 USB2 to 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Afunta Apple-style White USB2.0 I/O Crest SY-ADA24005 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX88772A Fast Ethernet Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|usbasixeth.device accepted by network prefs but does not work}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Basics USB 2.0 AX88772A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus DN-10050-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edimax EU-4230  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX NT-USB20 AX88772A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; AX88772B USB 2.0 to 10/100M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4208 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Detected but not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB2100 ASIX AX88772C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772D AX88772D]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772E AX88772E]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2004 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E1000 i.e. USB 2.0 to Gigabit Ethernet 10/100/1000 LAN 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 ASIX AX88178 Controller and Realtek RTL8211CL PHY}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178A USB 2.0 to 10/100/1000M Gigabit Ethernet controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AmazonBasics USB3.0 adapter [https://github.com/nothingstopsme/AX88179_178A_Linux_Driver AX88179] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cable Matters SuperSpeed USB 3.0 RJ45 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Nintendo Switch 1 USB3 ethernet AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2020 ASIX AX88179 not binding to class, USB 3.2 Gen1 to Gigabit Ethernet controller with integrated 10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet PHY}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable AX88179 = [https://plugable.com/products/usb3-e1000-deal USB3-E1000] before mid-2023 or USB3-E1000; AX88179A = USBC-E1000 after mid-2023
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  controller is AX88179 phy is ??, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTW ax88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000NDS AX88179 USB-A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC301AU AX88179 USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC30B2 AX88179A USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB32000SPT AX88179A USB-c Rev 1 (AX88179) Rev 2 (AX88179A) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB32000SPT the Lot code sticker will have a bar code accompanied by a 10 digit number. The 5th and 6th digits of this lot code number would signify the revision. (Ex. xxxx02xxxx which would indicate rev. 2)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SYBA SY-ADA24029 Gigabit AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} may depend on the PHY chip connected to the controller chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TP-Link UE306 AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® Orico UL677G 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® UL688G USB 3.0 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet port 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AX88179 178A 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecknet UL699G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07b8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|no support }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen 50922 USB3-A to 100/1000 dark grey rounded barrels 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| ax88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen USB3-C to 100/1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen CR111 20256 usb3 a black plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88179}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000 USBC-E1000 after mid-2023 i.e. AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  AX88179A USB-A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==USB  &amp;rarr; SerialPort Converter==

*2002 some support for early revisions of PL2303 
*2005 Prolific PL2303H PL-2303X and Pl-2303HX (same usb ids as pl2303) no support 
*2025 FTDI 232R [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1135&amp;highlight=232r&amp;rowstart=20 work in progress] 
*2026 CDC-ACM i.e. Serial port over USB standard 

serialpl2303.class make sure you specify serialpl2303.device or Echo &quot;Test&quot; &gt;SER1: 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ATEN UC-232A 
| 0x0557 
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0300
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOGear GUC232A 
| 0x0557  
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0110
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Alcatel 
| 0x11f7 
| 0x02df 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| BAFO BF-810 
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Belkin F5U103 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Davibe SP611 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Dcu10 
| 0x0731
| 0x0528
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Elcom 
| 0x056e
| 0x5003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOData 
| 0x04bb 
| 0x0a03 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Itegno 
| 0x0eba
| 0x1080
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Nokia CA42 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Radioshack 
| 0x1453
| 0x4026
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Ratoc 
| 0x0584
| 0xb000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Samsung 
| 0x04e8
| 0x8001
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Siemens DCA-510 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN104
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN116 
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Some Cut Ma620 
| 0x0df7
| 0x0620
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Speed Dragon Multimedia MS3303H 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Syntech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tripp 
| 0x2478
| 0x2008
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Airlink101 AC-USBS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Belkin F5U103v
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Dynamode U232-P9
| 0x067B
| 0x2303
| 300
| {{no| no driver [http://koti.mbnet.fi/lonnberg/pl2303x.html linux patch] and using lsusb -v -d 067b:2303 gave bMaxPacketSize as 64 - pl2303x }}
|- 
| Konig CABLE-146/2 USB to RS232 
| 0x067b
| 0x2303
| 400
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| MANHATTAN 205146 USB to Serial Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Sabrent SBT-USC1M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-59
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded black case and lead USB 232 Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x067B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2303
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0300
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
|}


[http://www.ftdichip.com/index.html Future Technology Devices International Ltd FTDI]-FT232R.class [https://ftdichip.com/software-examples/code-examples/c-builder/ FTProg src], [http://rtr.ca/ft232r/ ft232r src], [https://ftdichip.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/DS_FT232R.pdf FT232R datasheet], [], 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6001 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GE-gKgHxZI beware of cheap clones fake with s/n A50285BI SN]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx Astro FTDI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232R 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent CB-FTDI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|no driver TTL-232R cables use FTDI's [http://n1mm.hamdocs.com/tiki-index.php?page=USB+Interface+Devices FT232RQ ic device] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Startech.com 1 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 DB9M Adapter Cable with COM Retention ICUSB2321F 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL Chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech.com 2 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 Adapter Cable ICUSB2322F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FTDI FT2232D Chipset
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL is the SSOP-28 and the FT232RQ is the QFN-32 package option 
|}


[https://www.onetransistor.eu/2017/08/ch341a-mini-programmer-schematic.html ch341a.class] 

*I2C EEPROMS (3.3V and 5V) compatible and also SPI FLASH memories (3.3V devices) making sure 1.8V is covered  
*each having their own [https://winraid.level1techs.com/t/guide-how-to-use-a-ch341a-spi-programmer-flasher-with-pictures/33041 4x2 connection blocks] using [https://github.com/flashrom/flashrom flashrom] 

 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -r backup.bin
 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -w &lt;new bios name&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jiangsu QinHeng Ltd CH341A emulate UART communication, standard parallel port, memory parallel port and synchronous serial (I2C, SPI) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5512
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QinHeng USB2.0-Serial HL-340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7523
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0252
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|}


==simplemidi.class and CAMD==

Currently support includes 

* simplemidi.class SimpleMidi maps some keyboard keys to corresponding computer keys as used by music trackers to emulate a musical keyboard 
* camdusbmidi.class follows the rules of the m68k implementation of Commodore's CAMD midi specification and usb class compliant 

for 

* usb host like a computer, pi, etc 
* usb device controllers - keyboards, drum machines, djay turntables, grooveboxes, etc 
* interfaces - cables or boxes which convert usb to 5pin DIN plug midi 


What is needed is a fully class-compliant '''brand name''' USB MIDI keyboard, especially manufactured in the last 15 years are best 

*Arturia
*Novation
*M-Audio
*Akai

Plugging this in one of your USB ports, the camd.library will make the keyboard's MIDI IN/OUT ports available in the system. 

Then select the keyboard's MIDI IN port (known as a &quot;cluster&quot; in CAMD) for input, and the software instrument's cluster as output 


ShowCluster (shows midi ports available in and out)

MidiWatch (usually port usbmidi.in.0 less often usbmidi.out.0) (Ctrl-C to end output stream) 
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOn  90  39  08  00
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOff 80  39  00  00

MidiThru (forwards messages from one port to another)
 run &gt;nil: c:midithru usbmidi.out.0 usbmidi.out.2 

MidiSendC (sends a middle C to a specific port)


Midi Controller + Sound Module (together aka as a synth) -&gt; Audio Output 


The difference between midi and midi over USB is that in old school Midi the transmitter transmits whenever it wants and the receiver always has to be prepared to receive data. Easy to do at the rate of a 1990's modem speed these days.

USB over midi.. turns midi into a polled protocol.. So the USB host (typically the computer) has to ask &quot;do you have anything for me&quot; before the remote will send. If the USB host gets busy doing other things or there is a lot of things on the USB bus to get polled, you can get delays.

For its age midi is still a great protocol for music

* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/midi10.pdf USBIF's &quot;USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices&quot; document, version 1.0 from Nov 1, 1999]
* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/USB%20MIDI%20v2_0.pdf MIDI v2.0 from 2020 which AROS still needs, adds support for MIDI 2.0, MIDI-CI, and Universal MIDI Packet] 

Nearly all synthesizers now use the 16 MIDI channels available on a MIDI bus in one instrument alone, requiring multiple MIDI busses in a typical setup with more than
one MIDI instrument. In addition, by handling multiple &quot;virtual&quot; cables, USB offers a solution to go beyond MIDI's 16-channel limit. 

MIDI data is transferred over USB using 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packets. These packets provide an efficient method to transfer multiple MIDI streams with fixed length messages. The 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packet allows multiple &quot;virtual MIDI cables&quot; routed over the same USB endpoint. This approach minimizes the number of required endpoints. It also makes parsing MIDI events easier by packetizing the separate bytes of a MIDI event into one parsed USB-MIDI event. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Computer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|which acts as USB midi host to get all usb devices talking together}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hobbytronics usb host standalone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bomebox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://neuma.studio/rpi-as-midi-host/ raspberry pi] with several midi interface(s) and linux scripting 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton MIDI USB Host mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acorn Instruments Masterkey 49 device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested usb powered 5V regulated - similar keybed to keystation 49es but unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai SynthStation 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 - sticky rubber keys - usb 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Laptop Production Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09e8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x007c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and camd usb to use, not tested with apps}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 25 mini key self powered by mini USB lead - sustain port - no top left corner joystick - tested icaros 2.3 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai LPK25 LPK37 LPK49 Laptop Production Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested velocity sensitive mini keys with synth action - weak mini USB port - latency issues -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional APC Key 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested 49 key 49-key full-sized, semi-weighted keyboard with aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Max25 MAX49 control keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPK249 MPK261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB2 USB-b - full keys semi-weighted aftertouch - midi in out - sustain and peddle port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional Advance 49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini MKII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - 4 way thumb joystick top left - 25 tiny keys - velocity drum pads - plastic build quality - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Professional APC Key 25 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Play
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - synth basic samples - class compliant? - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button then use the &quot;Program&quot; knob to assign a MIDI channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini 3 MKIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09E8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1049 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 USB2 USB-b midi controller connection no 5pin legacy - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys goofy uneven feel of the akai keyboards - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button and press pad 1 to 8 to assign a MIDI channel - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Force / MPC One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro MPK Mini Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested 37 mini keys - class compliant device - usb-b bus powered only with 5pin midi in and out - Shift and Global for Midi Ch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro Ableton Push Mk 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPC Key 37 49 61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested USB2 usb-b
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Photon PH-25 X25 Midi &amp; USB keyboard/synth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi keyboard controller  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Q88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Coda Pro Portable 88-Key Digital Piano USB MIDI Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VI49 VI61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VX49 VX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 1 5-pin MIDI input, 1 5-pin MIDI output, 1 USB port,
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Mk2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Recital 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Qmini portable 32-key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019  synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Analog Experience “The Player” USB MIDI Master Keyboard Model APE25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb-b bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab MkII Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 32 mini keys  usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed - reset Press and hold Oct + and Oct – buttons then insert the USB cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2209 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 USB2 usb-b bus power - metal base heavier than most - Shift and press a key to select the MIDI Channel - To reset to original factory, unplug the USB cable, hold down the Oct- and Oct + buttons, plug the USB cable back in and continue to hold the buttons until the pads turn white - need software to change parameters like velocity sensitive assistance - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK2 MKII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MicroFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 hybrid digital/analog synthesis, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeYIAfn3UMs Arturia Minilab 3] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/chj1WgMupGw ] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/FMVdfhzg1Dw ]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 untested usb-c bus powered - 25 mini keys semi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab 3 Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab Essential 49 61 88 mk3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested usb-c and 1 midi out - lack of aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AstroLab 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK3 MKIII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMX61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control UMX490 UMX610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Swing 32-Key
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MOTOR 49 - 49-Key USB/MIDI Master Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU Xboard 25 E-MU X-Board 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key Mkey 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 stops sending MIDI on a regular basis. The simplest &quot;fix&quot; is to flip it off and on via the power switch at the back
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Ukey U-Key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Xkey 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 low-profile aluminium  full size pressure sensitive with polyphonic aftertouch but keys make too much noise and that they can be too sensitive to velocity - low power draw 25ma 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key 49 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 simplified version of the U-key Mobiltone 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME XKEY AIR 37
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cme xkey 37 le
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner Spaceline DMK-25 Donnerdeal Rantion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner DMK25 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  25 mini velocity keys with limited aftertouch - usb-c powered - 8 drum pads - 3.5mm &quot;midi out&quot; socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 expensive later midi usb class compliant with since 1.5 Update
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elecktron Digitone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitone Keys 37-key Digital FM Synthesizer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Analog Four MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Octatrak MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 25xt
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and usb driver working}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 bus powered or 12v 0.5a dc in - metal base so heavy - midi out 5pin - sustain pedal port - modulation slider - rubber coated knobs becomes sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49xt 61xt 88xt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 12v 0.5a center pin +ve external psu required - USB i/o and 1 legacy 5pin out - full sized keys - heavy aluminium case keyboard metal base - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-125 MK-149
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-225C MK-249C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution USB/Midi Controller MK-425C MK-449C MK-461C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|25, 49, 61 keys -  }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  9V or 12V - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 37 full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro Mobile
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 25 or 37 mini keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 mini velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 full velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kawai VPC 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; weighted keys - heavy build - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen Instruments K-Board
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? each keypad makes them velocity, pressure, and location sensitive but  not really suited for piano playing 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen  BopPad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg NanoKontrol 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;mini usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Prophecy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KORG microKONTROL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 velocity-sensitive Natural Touch keys but  joystick is an alternative to the common pitch/modulation wheel design - power draw - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg nanoKey nanoPad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Taktile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY2 25 37 49 61 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB powered - semi weighted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MiniList 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MinKey nanoPad nanoPad 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Nautilus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 7 series - Artis 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;fatar TP-8 semi-weighted action  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 A8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Mobile keys 25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Tone Port KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Midiman (later M-Audio) Oxygen8 Ozone Ozonic 25 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|not class compliant - untested 5pin legacy }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2004 - 25 full keys - slider/fader to left of lcd display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;m-audio oxygen keystation (61 key) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio eKeys 37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered and 12v psu - if sliders/faders are on right - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 8v2, 49, 61 (silver) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37e 49e, 61e MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - ok key action - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37es 49se 61es, 88es MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25/49/61/88 (blue) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 [https://m-audio.com/products/view/oxygen-25-legacy advised Class-compliant and GM/GM2/XG SysEx messages] with full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61 (2nd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 semi-weighted mini keys - bus powered and 9v psu for 25/49 and 12v for 61 - if sliders/faders are on left - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom Pro 25, 49, 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 poor construction 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Axiom AIR 25 M-Audio Axiom Air Mini 32
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 III (3rd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested - usb only - rubber keys sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Keyrig 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - mini usb - plays a few notes and then stops responding randomly - try plugging it into port 1 or 2 on your pc - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 49 MK2 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 USB port and class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 61 MK3 MKIII MIDI keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 usb compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 IV
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016  choice 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio CTRL-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio ProKeys 88, 88sx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 mini usb - some power or incompatibility issue with the native USB ports of the laptop, plugged in a passive USB 2.0 HUB (not USB 3.0, not powered)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3328SvuJsLw M-Audio Oxygen25 MKV]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0763
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0023
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class  - midi in out untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 25 full size semi keys - USB2 usb-b but no 5pin classic plugs - channel select SHIFT button and CHANNEL on keybed - plastic build - holding down both the Octave + and - for factory reset -  more limited in what you can do with it than IV 4th one - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 untested semi full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 32 smaller keys - not endless encoders - usb only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Hammer 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog Minitaur 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-VAVE SMK-25mini 25key MIDI Control Keyboard Y6I0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Primus A25 JamMate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK1 MKI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol S88 S61 S49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - weighted keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 all MK2 MK3 power up the keyboard using USB, it will set the keyboards MIDI port to computer MIDI only without any option to set it to use the MIDI DIN, meaning you cannot connect the keyboard to hardware and power from USB, you MUST power with the power adapter and physically unplug from any USB connection - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol A25 A49 A61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe compliant,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/sikorak666/maschine-mikro-mk3-driver Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro Plus MK3 MKIII]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol M32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 untested 32 smaller keys - no drum pads - USB only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik iBoard 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact LX25+ LX49+ LX61+ LX88+ SE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 budget full-size velocity-sensitive synth-action keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact GX49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; USB port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P4 P6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  USB &amp; USB Micro B, 5-pin MIDI out, 2 x TRS inputs with 49 semi-weighted, velocity sensitive with aftertouch
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar SE25 SE49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; mini keys - micro usb bus powered - velocity and sustain button 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P6 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama T6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nord Stage 3 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; sysex 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 lhs XY touchpad and the joystick -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not USB class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25SL 49SL 61SL soft label 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - two long top liquid-crystal display LCD strips - XY touchpad and the joystick - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMOTE 25LE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected, usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 USB-b powered, 9v center pin positive or 6 MN1500 AA batteries - X/Y touchpad and the combined pitch and modulation joystick - no aftertouch but can use both the legacy MIDI OUT and USB port simultaneously 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Nocturn 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 untested sending random pitchbend info
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL MkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation MiniNova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Impulse 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 velocity aftertouch‑sensitive semi-weighted keyboards and eight backlit pads -  USB, 5-pin MIDI out - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Circuit Tracks / Rhythm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB class compliant - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Launchpad Mini MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 8x8 buttons with 16 backlit
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 rotary wheels lhs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 37 49 61 88 MK3 MKIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 USB class compliant choice - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 sliders lhs -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 61SL Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nymphes Dreadbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6 voice analog synth
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oberheim MC 2000 EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 88 keys fully weighted - very heavy - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus ATOM SQ Hybrid MIDI Keyboard/Pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://polyend.com/tracker/ Polyend Tracker]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 USB MIDI keyboard controller 49-key
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland EDIROL PCR-M30 PCR-M50 PCR-M80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol PCR-30 PCR-50 PCR-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 untested 32 key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-50 PC-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PCR-500 PCR-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 61 velocity-sensitive keys with aftertouch 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 USB port - weighted keys velocity no aftertouch - class compliant with press FUNCTION so it is lit. Press the key labelled &quot;ADV.&quot;, Press the &quot;+&quot; button so it is lit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-200 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 some had fatar keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-707 Groovebox
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-500 A500Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-300 A300Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland JUNO DS, FA, Fantom, JUPITER X / Xm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 (be sure that USB driver is set to &quot;Generic&quot; - requires device rebooting) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49 MKii MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 expensive with USB-c port - hammer-action keyboard weighted keys - Class-compliant if  USB-C enables bus power - MIDI 2.0 later - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLI Seaboard RISE 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Graphite 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Carbon 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sequential TAKE 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK-161 and VMK-161 Plus Organ version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed - usb midi in out - 9v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL990XP midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK176 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB and midi connectivity
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL880 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL73 SL88 Studio midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; hammer-action Fatar TP semi-weighted keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numa Organ 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 73 key TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed used in nearly all clonewheels 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numacompact 2/2x, Numa X Piano
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero CommandKey49 CommandKey25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SZ-MiniCommand Mini-Command USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SPC61 MIDI Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; bus powered - 5 octave 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero ControlKey49S 49 Key Slim MIDI Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Synido TempoKey K25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 25 mini keys - usb-c powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Winterbloom Sol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Worlde Panda 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha KX8 KX49 KX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha CMC-PD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P45B P-45 Digital Piano 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P-115 midi controller  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested weighted keys - USB midi port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 should compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Montage, CP73/88, YC, MODX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha PSR-E353, PSR-E443
PSR-S670, PSR-S770, PSR-S970, PSR-A3000, TYROS-5
NP-12, NP-32
DGX-650, DGX-660
P-105, P-115, P-255
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 II V2 Black Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DJM V10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; dj 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Kontrol DJ Pro midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; detected but untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Numark Mixtrack Pro II USB DJ Controller Djay 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;older generation pioneer DDJ-SX2 dj 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-22 AL22c  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-88 Schneidersladen AL88c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum U3-88c Midi Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no CopperLan support Midi network using a UTP Ethernet patch cable) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer BCF2000 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.behringer.com/EN/home.aspx Behringer] BCR2000 1in 2out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B-CONTROL DEEJAY BCD3000 DJ Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMD404 UMD202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU 0404/USB midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiDesign / Focusrite Command 8 Control Surface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 supports MIDI continuous controller (CC) and note data. SysEx dumping and loading is also supported  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 002
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 003
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;emagic m4 2x4 AMT8 Unitor 8 Mk2  8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x00d0
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x010 0x0103
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) - 12v 2a psu centre pos - usb mini with rs232 and rs422 serial ports - 16 channels (8-in / 8-out), this rack-mountable unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution U-Control UC-16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guillemot Maxi Studio ISIS Vintage Sound Card MIDI Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ucapps.de/mbhp_usb.html MidiBox] Hardware Platform USB Module
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Control Universal Pro XT with One Two Extenders 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Audiophile USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO old version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio MidiMan 1x1 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  [http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hotplug/ firmware update]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 2x2 yellowy green blue, green or silver chassis plastic box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|MIDISPORT 2x2 or 4x4 interfaces from previous production series (blue, green or silver chassis) are not class-compliant}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Audiosport Quattro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant as [http://usb-midi-fw.sourceforge.net/ firmware required and that is buggy], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio UC-33
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 1x1 2x2 4x4 Anniversary Edition, black box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=52920 Mark of the Unicorn Motu Fastlane] 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=560852&amp;postcount=8 not working on OS4]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu Micro Lite 1x1 and MOTU microlite 5x5 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; good unit but poor just plug in support and not class compliant - USB2 usb-b - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu MIDI Express 128 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor support serial port only - offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) A serial port based MIDI interface or a USB interface without MTS will have a MIDI slop of up to 2ms on record and playback. MTS provides accuracy for record and playback to around .3ms - five times more accurate than serial or non-MTS.&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU.com MIDI Express XT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 for many USB should have octocoupled connection to reduce groundloop humm, usually the timing is off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU MIDI Timepiece AV 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant is one of the best multi-port MIDI interfaces ever made as USB model connects to the computer as an 8x16 interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments GmbH Audio 8 DJ, 4 DJ, 2 DJ
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|needs dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qcon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|did not match to camdusbmidi.class USB audio midi with onboard DSP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Corp Edirol UM-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|is not bound via camdusbmidi.class }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not bound to any midi class - 2x2 - tested Aros One USb 2.4 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 USB audio midi with onboard DSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-880 8x8 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 under poseidon but could work with run &gt;nil: c:midithru out.0 &quot;EDIROL UM-880.out.2&quot;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1 blue plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| bound??? via camdusbmidi.class - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 UM-1 -  1-in/1-out (16 channels) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 1-in/1-out (16 channels)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1X midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1SX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0052
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2C - 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-1G 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2G 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/spotify/linux/blob/master/sound/usb/usbquirks.h Roland Edirol UA20 UA-20] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-1EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2EX 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005  adds a second MIDI OUT
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk UM-3G - 3x3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk ua-25excw 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not class compliant mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://alsa.opensrc.org/Edirol_UA-25EX Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Cakewalk UA25 EX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus B2M Bass MIDI Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus G2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg CMC Series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Subzero SZ-MB44 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swisssonic MIDI1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 AmigaOS there is no output at midichannel one and two but if play a midi file there is only output on some channels and if pressed stop the prog freezes or the whole system crashes
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-428 US-422 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2000 not compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam [http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tascam.com/Products/US-224.html US-224]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1604
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2002 does not bind to any class
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-122 MKII midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not detected / binding to camdusbmidi.class on AROS 2.4 usb }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 detected but not working 2-in/2-out USB two XLR microphone preamps with phantom power for condenser microphones 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-200 US-400 US-600 US-800 US-1200 US-1800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UX-16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE and Pro version midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 dc 6v power - 3 USB hubs, midi in out , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis I/O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 powered USB hub required, not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO4 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XTouch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; psu needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Compact
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Mini
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?,  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Phoria UMD404HD UMD202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe class compliant - volume low, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME U2 MIDI Pro 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; current model 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 1X1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 early versions with sysex checksum errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative E-MU Xmidi 1x1 Tab (V3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 tab version class compliant but report that when transferring 'System Exclusive' messages (SysEx) the unit could not handle the highest data rate leading to data corruption 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 sysex errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini now Avid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox II Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Engl Z7 MIDI Interface (E660/E610/E360/E930)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitar?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron TurboMidi TM-1 1in 1out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U 4x4 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U XL 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U XL 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no hardware routing e.g. x on input 5 to synth y on output 7 - ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate II 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ROM I/O
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 romio version 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2573
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|is bound via camdusbmidi.class AROS One 2.4  - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8U XT 8in 8out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 discontinued 2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8UEX USB3.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U eX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate eX midi interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 current model, well liked and might class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;icon midiport 2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCON CubeMi 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity mio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 class compliant but reported issues with sending System Exclusive (SysEx) MIDI messages and MIDI signals getting cut off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iConnectMidi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCM2 iCM4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectMIDI4+ L
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity MioXL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig MIDI 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRig Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Electronics pro solo mk2 midi to cv converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Midi Thru-25 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keytech MT18E 8 Way Midi Thru box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 9 to 12v psu required 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 2x2 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 4x4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech MIT-00151 Midiface 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech Midiface 4x4 8x8 16x16 thru merge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Miditech Midilink mini 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO only if box is labeled Class Compliant and latest MIDISPORT 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midiman Midisport 2x2 Anniversary Edition [https://gearspace.com/board/electronic-music-instruments-and-electronic-music-production/1133862-why-there-hardly-any-midi-interfaces.html not stable enough] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 USB2 usb-b - does not need firmware and supposedly plug and play - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 4x4 Anniversary Edition
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; rumored does not need firmware - supposedly plug and play -  issues with its firmware for some and lacks configurable routing
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Maudio Fast Track Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant but bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Midiflex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 class compliant and usb-b powered - used as a 1 in / 3 out, 2 in / 2 out or 4 out 5pin sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik IM-One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Peavey Xport
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitars only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-ONE UM-1 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 USB class compliant if switch to TAB for class compliant mode rather than the COMPUTER mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Squarp Hermid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg Midex 8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant?  supporting MIDI Time Stamping protocol
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swissonic MidiConnect 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.midi USB 4x4 (Loud technologies) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2014 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U-24
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded cable 
| 0x552d
| 0x4348
| F110 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected but no usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;detected but not working the USB-MIDI conversion functionality of the cheapo USB MIDI &quot;cable&quot; interface is simply lacking, possibly being incapable of handling MIDI strings longer than 3 bytes long SysEx strings (e.g. SysEx dumps) - tested in Icaros 2.3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB2.0-MIDI Unbranded cable with clear braided underneath leads 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x752D 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0254 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected binding to camdusbmidi.class but untested midi in / out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested but better to get a branded version - tested AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LogiLink USB to Midi In-Out 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested cheap cable version but issues with latency on other systems 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; gm5 USB midi chip  DIY option only
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Doremidi LEKATO MIDI USB C Interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thomann Midi USB 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   Prodipe made 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe MIDI 1i/1o 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


Classic 5pin DIN controllers for above interfaces 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai s5000 s6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi digital samplers 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai AX80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-3000 CZ-1000 CZ-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cheetah MS6 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 multi-timbral, six-voice (twelve-oscillator), analogue synthesiser module is loaded with CEM 3396s 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ensoniq ESQ1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Wavestation Ex A/D SR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1986 ex has piano and drum sounds 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-8000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Poly 800 MK1 Poly-800ii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  all plastic and can run on batteries - 49 keys non-velocity dco synt analogue filter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland D-50
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1987 untested greater concern would be moisture and wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A50 (76) A80 (88) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1989 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND JUNO-D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Juno 106 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;80s kx73 or kx88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-160A PC-180A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} legacy DIN5 MIDI port only - 6 AA batteries or 9v psu - One regular source of failure for me were emty batteries (even with red control light still active). Another source was a bad MIDI cable - unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland M1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland S-550 S-760 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; digital samplers kontakt replaced these? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1983 12bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7S DX72IID DX7IIFD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1987 16bit versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


The MIDI standard was published in August 1983. The inventors, Kakehashi and Smith finally received a Technical Grammy Award in 2013 for their work. 

The MIDI files that contained just the note data, velocity and timing meant you could transfer an entire studio session from one place to another on one floppy disk and it could control all the synths and drum samplers. Pass-thru meant that one computer could run an entire bands worth of instruments. 

It's bulletproof too. MIDI never goes wrong, it's always a bug in software that causes any issue - you can absolutely rely on it to go gigging with, take your synths, controllers and computers and not crash an entire gig at your 100,000 person venue. 

The MIDI hardware specification is very simple (voltage, polarity, screening, protection and a fast enough opto-isolator), it assumes that the data it sends and receives between MIDI devices is to the MIDI data standard and just passes it on. The microprocessor in the hardware does all the work.

The minimum for a computer/MIDI interface is that it meets the MIDI hardware specification. It is attached to the computer bus and handles the electrical conversions required. To meet the MIDI hardware specification, to be class compliant as a USB device all it has to do is report itself properly when plugged in.

The other half of the equation is the MIDI data standard, and for a computer MIDI interface the main issue is the speed of data transmission. The bus speed of the computer is faster than the speed of the MIDI standard so it can generate and send MIDI data faster than a MIDI device can receive it. The MIDI standards have nothing to say on that bottleneck at all. MIDI was designed to be very simple and very open, it just defines a standard for the messages and leaves it up to manufacturers to implement them in the way they want. That's what makes it so powerful a tool, and also what makes it so confusing and frustrating at times.

For midi, the hardware/software combination at various connection points handles the translation to/from midi (or other protocols). Drivers would be needed for midi, including clock and SysEx signal (actually claiming to handle ALL midi quirks transparently

All the important MIDI data types can be sent (CC, NRPN, RPN, MMC, Note On/Off, program change)

There is no official way to solve the data bottleneck. Early software sequencers and librarians tried to solve it by having an option to buffer SYSEX data in software and transmit it at the MIDI data rate. The downside is that hogs the bus and can hit computer performance. Interface manufacturers would add a hardware buffer which would take all the MIDI data from the PC bus and feed it into the MIDI at the slower data rate, but that added cost and created timing issues.

Things have moved on since then, but the principles remain the same. You can buffer in the hardware or in software, whether that is in the application or the interface driver. SYSEX will work perfectly well with that budget cable if your software handles the buffering. And while the cables with hardware buffers make SYSEX easier, they still have potential problems because of the limitations of the MIDI data rate. Your MIDI clock doesn't like being interrupted with a big program dump 

The serial / parallel ports were a direct connection, so faster. Now, everything in the computer is virtual and the only thing connected to the hardware is the kernel, hence everything is by default bottlenecked and jittery, regardless of which connection. So by the time the interface gets the information it's already too late. 

Ethernet network cable to transport MIDI over large distances, connect 2 MIDI In and 2 MIDI Out ports to patch, remap, filter and merge MIDI flows on a fine channel basis for tight MIDI throughput, latency and jitter 

Possibilities for DAWs of the future including a kind of sync reference for timing reference which an interface could sync to, hence all the timings then would be locked between the grid on the DAW screen and the MIDI info. 

Preemptible, low latency and accuracy are essential for good communication.  

One of the first things you need to do, is make sure your MIDI software sets the interface to the same MIDI channel as your keyboard (usually 1) 


Do you want to send just your master keyboard to other synths or to be able to use any keyboard with any synth?

1st option is relatively simple. Just need to send midi from your master keyboard into a midi splitter that redistributes the signal onto your synths. Each synth will be set up to receive midi on a specific channel so the only challenge is to find a way to select to which channel you are sending midi. Some master keyboards can do that although not many that have a dedicated knob or switch on the panel and most require a bit of menu diving. Could use a midi box that offers channel selection but usually this is not very workflow friendly. The software route would require using the mouse. 

2nd option is a bit more complex but superior workflow by sending midi messages into a merge box, from there into a hardware sequencer that allows to select midi channel, then on to a midi interface that distributes the signal to the synths. 

Master keyboard MIDI-in to computer. External hardware sampler MIDI-out from computer. Audio-out from sampler to audio-in on computer/device. 


Blue Ribbon Soundworks Bars &amp; Pipes Professional (1993/4) 

GM (1984), GS (1987), XG level 1-3 (1994-1997), GM level 2 (1999) 	

GM GM1 imposes several requirements beyond the MIDI 1.0 specification. While MIDI 1.0 by itself provides a communication protocol which ensures that different instruments can interoperate at a fundamental level e.g sound modules. GM goes further in two ways. First, GM requires that all compliant MIDI instruments meet a certain minimal set of features, such as being able to play at least 24 notes simultaneously (polyphony). Second, GM attaches specific interpretations to many parameters and control messages which were left unspecified in the MIDI 1.0 specification. A minimum of 128 MIDI Program Numbers (conforming to the GM 1 Instrument Patch Map) and 47 percussion sounds (conforming to the GM 1 Percussion Key Map). Support for controller number 1, 7, 10, 11, 64, 100, 101, 121 and 123; support for channel pressure and pitch bend controllers. 

General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI (GM) and Roland GS extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).

* Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
* MIDI Channels: 16
* Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels)
* Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)

Program and bank change events
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains the full GM (General MIDI 1) sound set. Variations using other bank numbers are new to General MIDI 2, and correspond to variation sounds introduced in Roland GS. 


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CluuHrr7HG4 Major WWHWWWH, Minor WHWWHWW scale], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jjm7Ti-iwz0 Chords], 


==usb audio==

USB audio has recently made available for Aros, there are many standards introduced over the years. Much is still untested. 

*Introduced 2000 and from 2014 USB Audio 1 UAC1 16bit 44.1kHz
*Introduced 2006 and from 2014 USB Audio 2 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/usb-device-class-definition-audio-devices-release-20-errata-and-ecn-through-april UAC2] 24bit 192kHz
*Introduced 2016 and from 2024 USB Audio 3 [https://www.usb.org/documents UAC3] 32bit 384kHz 

USB group decided to rewrite the audio standard, so [https://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/usbaudio2.lha UAC2] and [https://archive.fosdem.org/2019/schedule/event/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/attachments/slides/3345/export/events/attachments/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/slides/3345/Linux_and_USB_Audio_Class_3___FOSDEM_2019.pdf UAC3]. They added clock selection and control, timing domains and others. Part of the changes included changing many of the descriptors that an audio device uses to describe itself to the machine. 

PsdErrorlog/PsdDevlister? The AHI driver generated only supports mono/stereo at any bit rates between 8 and 32 bit per sample, but not multichannel modes and only rates up to 65KHz (because AHI uses a 16-bit word for frequencies). If the soundcard does not offer such a PCM 8-32 bit mode at frequencies lower than 65 KHz, there's nothing much that can be done about it on the computer side other than revising and expanding the AHI standard. Most cheap USB soundcards do though. 

AHI does not support six channel playback. It only supports mono, stereo and multichannel (8 channels). Due to the multichannel mode not being used by any application so far, the usbaudio.class does not support multichannel playback, especially not &quot;upchannelling&quot; stereo to six or more channels. If this USB device does not support a two channel mode, you can't use it under AHI.

Untested but most likely to work, at least 2 mic inputs (low impedance) &amp; instruments (high impedance) and made in the last 10 years 
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMuA-2FbJxE Entry level &lt;100Euro]   BOMGE U202, Behringer UMC, Presonus Studio, 
*[ Next tier &lt;200Euro]   Audient iD, Solid SSL2 and SSL2+, Lewitt, Focusrite Scarlett, Arturia MiniFuse, 
*[ Prosumer &lt;300Euro]   Focusrite Clarett+, 
*[ Professional &lt;500Euro]   RME Babyface, 
*[ Studio &gt;500Euros]    

Bands should need 4 or more mic inputs 

[http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=38364030 XDA Forum thread],

&lt;pre&gt;
                                            &lt;- Computer 
                                            &lt;- Mobile Phone / Tablet (OTG)
                                            &lt;- Digital Cameras 
                            &lt;- Video        &lt;- Webcams 

Base Computer &lt;-&gt; OBS like  &lt;- Audio Mixer  &lt;- Microphone(s) 

                            -&gt; Internet     -&gt; Youtube &amp; Chat 

&lt;/pre&gt;

USB AUDIO CARDS - UAC Compliant 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Playback
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Records 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 64 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant so does not wotk with Aros and a high-end 64-channel AD/DA converter HDX, Dante connectivity and a Thunderbolt Audio interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 32 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not be compliant so does not wotk with Aros as Antelope Audio does not provide official drivers, control software, or an Antelope Launcher 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Mini Fuse 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp 1 combi input, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant usb-c with usb2.0, okay pre amps with good dynamic range 110dB, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, two combi inputs for mic, line or guitar, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay 110dB dynamic range, -129dB EIN, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AudioFuse 16Rig 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 mk1 mki 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient evo4 EVO8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD4 mk2 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient id14 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant and usb-c bus powered, good, , 0-in/14-out audio interface with ADAT expandability, balanced inserts
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 Mk2 Mkii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps ein -129 dBu, 24bit ADC, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC404HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps, 24bit adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC204HD 192 Empower Tribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0508
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMC1820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016, bus complaint?, okay midas pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UM2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, poor zenyx pre-amps with high noise floor, plastic build no rf shielding, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer x Air XR12 XR16 XR18
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 usb and network 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, , , midi, strictly NEC USB 2.0, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 8i6 Gen 1 MOSC0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, but 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 1 MOSC0003 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested ok
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present at all time.
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - 48V, tested ok
*TP7 - Ground
*TP8 - Ground
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 usually avoid early Gen 1, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/08/75-focusrite-scarlett-2i4-1st-gen.html Focusrite Scarlet 2i4 Gen 1 (slide toggles) MOSC0004] 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested 3.22v
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present 
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - measure 47.72v 
* AKM 4384ET (VDD 5v)
* Cirrus Logic CS4272-CZZ (VA 4.94v/ VD 3.2v/ VL 3.2v)
* all four HC4066 (VCC 4.96v)
* XMOS XS1-L01A-TQ128-C5 (all VDD 1.08v/ all VVDIO 3.23v/ PPLAVDD 0.99v/ PCU-VDDIO 3.23v)
2i4S
*TP1 seems to be 0V
*TP2 should be 5V
*TP3 should be 
*TP6 should be 48V
*TP8 should be 3.3V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps JRC NJM2122 and NJM4565, [https://statics.cirrus.com/pubs/proDatasheet/CS4272_F1.pdf CS4272 adc], [https://pdf.datasheet.live/e5e5fd1c/akm.com/AK4384.pdf AK4384 output pair], Xmos XS1-L8A-64-TQ128 processor and firmware in Winbond 25X40CL 4Mbit, an SMSC Microchip USB3343 interface and a Microchip PL611 clock generator - two Intersil / Renesas ISL97519A for the phantom power rail, two OnSemi NCP1521B for the 3.3V (digital) and 1V (Xmos core) rails - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite iTrack Solo USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 1st Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://wiki.linuxaudio.org/wiki/current_audio_gear Focusrite ] Scarlett 4i4 Gen  MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen1 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , , 12v psu, the headphone outs mirror the outs on the back panel, so that's six independent outs. 4 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2019/03/38-focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen1-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 1st Gen MOSC0008]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, JRC NJM4565 provide most of the opamps, pair of JRC NJM2122's for inputs 1 and 2, [http://www.mouser.com/ds/2/76/cs4272_f1-43250.pdf Cirrus CS4272], 12v 1a +central psu to a pair of National Semiconductor LM2672 for 3.3V rail and the +6.9V rail, Xmos XS1–L16A–128 dual-row QFN package, firmware a Winbond 25X40C 4Mbit SPI Flash and an SMSC USB3343 interface chip, the two headphone outs are completely independent so 6 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Clarett+ 8Pre 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 great, expensive, maybe usb compliant?  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0006 
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz CS4272 as well as an additional AKM AK4384ET for the second stereo output pair, 4 screws under bottom rubber,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/07/focusrite-scarlett-2i4-2nd-gen-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 2i4 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0014]
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps NJM2122's, NJM4565's and CMOS switches (HEF4053 and HEF4066), CS4272 and a AKM AK4384ET, Xmos XU208-256-TQ64-C10 with firmware stored in a Macronix MX25L8006E 8Mbit flash memory, clocking by a Cirrus Logic CS2100, an MP1542 boost converter creates +6V and -6V rails, powering the opamps and the rest of the analog circuitry, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen2 MOSC0016
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 2nd Gen MOSC0019
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2024/03/focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen2-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 2nd Gen MOSC00]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Red 16Line 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 may not be compliant as Focusrite provides no drivers - 64-in/64-out Pro Tools - dual Thunderbolt 3 audio interface with ultra-low latency A-D/D-A conversion - Red Evolution mic preamps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 3rd Gen MOSC0024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant usb-c but usb2, preamps, ad/dc 24bit 192kHz, most Focusrite gen3 interfaces have encrypted processors, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i6 Gen3 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB2 class compliant device, but with custom mixer interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 3 (push in switches) MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8210
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB-c bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic xfr002c and cs4272 chips, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 3rd gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 3rd Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8214
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, , , no screws under the rubber pads on the bottom, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo Studio Mk3 USB Audio Interface MOSC0030 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Studio 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FractalAudio FM9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fractal Audio AM4 platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt Connect 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu UltraLite AVB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb not compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant?, usb-c, good pre amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU U2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  maybe not usb compliant, good but latest had hardware revision 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nuemann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb audio compliant, great pre-amps 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;neuralDSP Quad Cortex QC platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc compliant but plugins not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NeuralDSP QC Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neve Genesys Black G16 G32 G64
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant - very good very expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, usb1.1 usb-b bus powered, okay pre-amps, 24bit ADC 48Khz max, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Audiobox 1818VSL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox 44VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox 22VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|4 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, usb-b, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 6|8 USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe compliant, needs ext psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 24c 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 26c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus® Studio 68c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox USB 96 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, high preamp noise, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Quantum ES2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism Lyra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb- UAC2 asynchronous protocol, 64dB Low-noise Mic amplifier, 32Bit High End ADC and DAC, 16dBu High-power ti headphone amplifier
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface/UC/UFX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 might be able to put into class compliant cc although a firewire device, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface Pro FS  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 might be class compliant usb-b, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ Mk1 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL12 SSL18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, bus powered, good pre-amps, up to 32-bit 192kHz AD/DA converters, 12-in 8-out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ MkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, good pre amps ein -130 dBu, ad/dc, okay latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping E1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping Pro E2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UAD UA Apollo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo 2nd Gen twin X (Duo/Quad), X4, X6, X8, X8P, and X16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo twin x quad 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Universal Audio Volt 276 2|76 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI01 Electromusic Interface Expander - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 4-in/4-out USB 2.0 audio interface with a built-in USB hub and MIDI I/O, up to 24-bit/96kHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI02 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Alesis io2 io|2, io14 io|14, io26 io|26 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered but not usb compliant, okay pre-amps, 2, 4 or 8 mics respectively, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis iO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Core 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe cc, mini usb, poor latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire only, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel two‑in, two‑out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb for basic features, , , single‑channel up to 48kHz
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant usb- and maybe aa batteries, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble Thunderbolt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Boom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ART PRO Audio Usb Mix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 1 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;01000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 mbox original was usb1 and not a usb class compliant device, and had the much hated &quot;focusrite designed&quot; mic preamps, light blue front plate and the sticky out feet 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Pro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Micro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVID MBox 3rd gen Mini or Standard but Pro is Firewire 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;behringer u-control uca202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x8bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, draws a lot of power - dac ti burr-brown - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-CONTROL UCA 222 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 maybe usb compliant,  - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Black Lion Audio 2x2 evolution 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant but , okay with 109dB range - poor noise floor, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic CS4272, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 11s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 22s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge BMG22 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb-c, 24bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower , may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2702E PCM2704 PCM2704C Muse Audio Mini USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2704
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2900 PCM2902 PCM2906 USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2900
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng MD22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 2|6 em2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2m 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ego Systems, Inc. in Korea (ESI) joining with RIDI GmbH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi Mixvibes U46 Mk II USB audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ESU22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U24XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 24 bits, 2 analogue inputs and outputs with 6.3 mm jack connection, Output L can be used as a headphone output, S / PDIF digital input - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U46XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MAYA22USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MAYA44USB+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered,  xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MARA22XTU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI U22XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Gigaport Ex
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 usb compliant?, usb-c usb3.1, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectAUDIO2+ icaudio-02 USB audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LexiconPro - Omega 8x4x2 (USB-1.1)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Alpha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Lambda
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 may not be compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Toneport UX1 and Tone Port UX2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 TonePort UX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio UX1 UX2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lokchonk UX22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljSiNmudMm0 Lokchonk UX44HD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b , , , 2in 2out only, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Artist 1·2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Producer 2X2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Blackjack
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 USB powered but maybe not usb compliant, Two Onyx Preamps, 2-in, 2-out which are combo Neutrik-type connectors to handle XLR, instrument or line level 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Media Assistance USB-One
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not uac cc comliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe not usb compliant, - guitar 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb cc providing 24-bit/96kHz audio capabilities but requires manual configuration of the mixer settings 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 usb compliant?, okay - guitar and vocal mainly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://htyp.org/M-Audio/Fast_Track_Ultra/Linux M-Audio FastTrack Ultra] and Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, low round-trip latency, okay octane pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 2x2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre-amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track (MkII) 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track Solo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf shielding, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf sheild, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Air
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, okay 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI AK1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.pogo.org.uk/~mark/linuxdj/ Native Instruments Traktor Audio 8 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 4 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 2 DJ], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1978, 0x0839, 0x041C 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, [https://mixxx.discourse.group/t/problems-with-native-instruments-audio-8-dj-on-linux/14719/2 Audio 8 device has 4 subunits which are not recognized correctly], Cirrus Logic DACs spec'd at 24-bit/96KHz over a USB2, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Audio 6 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 96kHz adc, ocassional dropouts, plastic build top with metal around 3/4, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Komplete Audio 1 and 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, good pre amp ein -129.5 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://support.native-instruments.com/hc/en-us/articles/360014683497-Apple-Silicon-Compatibility-News Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk2] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 192kHz adc, black aluminum glass build, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Native Instruments Traktor Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 2x4 NOVHUB01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, no xlr, focusrite sounds inside, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe Studio 22 Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 gaming headsets mostly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-3 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-30 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA1A UA-1D Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-5 Audio Capture (Roland)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1000 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1EX, Cakewalk UA-1G  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant driver also supports ASIO (Steinberg Audio Stream I/O Interface), noisy 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Duo Capture UA-11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland QUAD-CAPTURE Analog 2x2 Digital 2x2 USB 2.0 4in/4out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant, usb-b powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/Setup Roland Edirol UA-101 and UA-1000 (Clemens Ladisch driver)]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/mmueller-kaffeeschluerfercom/UA-25-Firmware-Modification Roland Edirol ua-25]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 maybe usb compliant 16bit 44.1kHz sampling without MIDI but not USB class complient when in Advanced mode for 24bit or midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edirol by Roland USB AudioCapture UA-25EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00e6, 0x00e7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant if ADVANCED DRIVER switched to OFF might play and record at 44.1kHz and 16-bit samples 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Audio Interface V-Studio 20 VS-20 Cakewalk
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Quad Cakewalk 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x012f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not USB class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland DUO-CAPTURE EX UA-22 USB Audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0159
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant but not be used with a USB 3.0 port that is not compatible with USB 2.0 specification, vs pre amps, adc, three AA batteries in base, or an AC adapter psb-1u 9V 2A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix22 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix24 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg (2004 Yamaha buys) MIDI interface hardware including the CC like CC121 CC-121 and CI1 CI2 series.
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR12 UR22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44 usb audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR242 audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, usb powered or 5v psu, okay pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, okay pre-amps ein -123 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR-RT 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, usb2.0 usb-b, pre-amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44C (USB3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg URX22C UR22C  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, preamps okay but little noisy, ad/dc. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22 MkIII UR series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb-c, okay pre-amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.USB 2x2 (Loud technologies WA, USA) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not compliant, usb-b, poor pre-amps hum, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://git.alsa-project.org/?p=alsa-tools.git;a=blob;f=usx2yloader/README;hb=3843634ef0310a952b256bcb6a4ddd0ad4ebe396 Teac Tascam US-422 US-428 US2XYloader] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122 US-224 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb compliant, needing firmware usx2yloader/us122fw.ihx for audio sound card - Tascam US-122 and US-122L are not the same - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x800e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, obsolete needs tascam_loader.ihx and us122fw.ihx firmware loaded each time unless automated 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US122 US-122 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US144 US-144 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-200 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac US-366 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-600 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-800 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam iU2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant?, 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb compliant?, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;teyun q12 Q-12, q22 Q-22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teyun q26 Q-26, q24 Q-24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UW500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 3 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp, 16bit 44kHz adc no advanced features without dedicated asio driver, 1 xlr, 1 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 6 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, okay, 2 xlr, 2 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC-232 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.arcam.co.uk/products,rseries,usb-dacs,rPAC.htm Arcam rPac] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioquest Dragonfly 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioengine D1 Premium 24-bit DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 (Burr Brown PCM 1716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 + Burson Buffer + MK3 JKSPDIF
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://epiphany-acoustics.co.uk/products-page/dacs/e-dac-24bit-miniature-usb-dac/ Epiphany E-DAC 24bit] ES9023 DAC chip 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio FUBAR II Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio iLoveTW 24Bit USB DAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO D5 ta2020 chip amp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E07K Andes 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E17 Alpen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Magnum 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Martini-U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Vulcan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Halide Design DAC HD (Wolfson WM8716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HRT Steamer II USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;John Kenny JKDAC uses a 24-bit/192&amp;nbsp;kHz Sabre ES9022 DAC or better JKDAC32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iBasso D12  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Leckerton UHA-6S MKII  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MyST 1866 PortaDAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Objective DAC ODAC+O2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rega DAC (Wolfson WM8742) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.henryaudio.com/open-source.php Henry Audio USB DAC 128 also known as QNKTC AB-1.2 open source DAC] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Henry Audio mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AKM4430 DAC chip comes from Asahi Kasai 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DevilSound USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KingRex UD-01 SE (Burr-Brown PCM 2702E) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SuperPro 24/192 USB DAC (24bit 192&amp;nbsp;kHz, CS-4398 D/A chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM108 7.1ch emulation I2S in and out
| 0x1926
| 0x0003
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| [http://www.lindy.co.uk/usb-2-audio-adapter/42961.html Lindy USB 2.0] (Chipset CM108)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Speed-Link SL-8850-SBK Vigo ([http://mightyohm.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1036#p1030 CMedia CM108])
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode USB SOUNDCARD 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1130
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode Virtual 7.1 USB-SOUND7 (C-Media )
| 0x0d8c
| 0x000c 0x000e
| 1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Generic White box with very little red led and white USB lead (CMedia )
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0c000e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| CM109 CiT SC-U119 5.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM1197.1ch I2C MCU port Penguin 
| 0x0D8C
| 0x0000
| 0x010
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sweex 7.1 Startech External USB, WMA Blue metal box SYBA SD-AUD20040, Sabrent USB-SND8, Sewell Vantec NBA-200U (C-Media CM6206 CM106 like) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;50/50 if the item is detected but does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Labs SoundBlaster X-fi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi Go 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Sound Blaster Play! USB sound adapter (SB1140) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; working with [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=646431&amp;postcount=15 Deneb on OS3] 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U1 (ASUS UA100 USB Audio Chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Griffin iMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Transit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Icemat Siberia (steel series) (Cmedia chipset) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMTek HY554, ZyXEL NSA-220, Logilink (Tenx Technology TP6911 and SSS-1623 headphone set) 
| 0x0C76 0x1130
| 0x1605 0x1607  0xf211
| 0x
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; reports on other OS not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plantronics &quot;DSP Adapter-01&quot; (or &quot;USB Adapter-02&quot;) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rocksmith Real Tone Cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RSA Intruder Predator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech ICUSBAUDIO7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stoner Acoustics UD100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac UDH01-B  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TerraTec Electronic GmbH Aureon Dual USB
| 0x0ccd
| 0x0077 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Phase26
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust 510 EX 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech A-5572A USB 2.0  to 3.5mm jacks Virtual 7.1 Surround Sound Adapter or accessory of Logitech Clearchat pro USB or Logitech USB Headset H530 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x046D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-10 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  maybe cc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-12 USB-C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe cc usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Amigo Micro II USB Sound Card &amp; Headset Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x10F5
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0211
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vantec NBA-100U 7.1 Channel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}

 Companies including Access, Alesis, Allen&amp;Heath, American Audio, CME, ESI, Infrasonic, Lexicon, Numark, Presonus, Reloop, SIMS, Sound Devices, Steinberg, Swissonic, Tascam, Terrasoniq, Terratec, Yamaha and Yellowtec decided to license and bundle this driver. So fully functional custom drivers are available for Access Virus TI, Access Virus TI snow, Alesis Multimix 8 USB2.0, Alesis Multimix 16 USB2.0, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:2D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:3D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:4D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DX, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DB4, American Audio Versa Port, CME XCORPIO, ESI ESU1808, ESI Gigaport AG / DG, ESI Maya 44 USB, Infrasonic Amon, Lexicon I-ONIX U22, Lexicon I-ONIX U42S, Lexicon I-ONIX U82S, Mindprint DI-MOD USB, Numark DJ IO, Numark NS6, Numark NS7, Numark Omni Control, Numark V7, Presonus Audiobox USB, Reloop Digital Jockey, SIMS Primus, Sound Devices USB pre, Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4, Swissonic Easy USB, Tascam M-164UF, Tascam US-122L, Tascam US-144, Tascam US-Tascam US-144mkII 122mkII, Tascam US-200, Tascam US-600, Tascam US-1641, Tascam US-1800, Tascam US-2000, Terratec Area 61, Terrasoniq Phase X64, Terratec Phase 26 USB, Yamaha UW10, Yamaha UW500, Yellowtec PUC2 and many others.

Well, those companies are using the same driver framework because all of those interfaces use the same microprocessor/firmware architecture to communicate with the USB bus. Just like almost all FireWire audio interfaces use the same TC Dice or BridgeCo chipsets. Usually it does not make sense for companies to develop their own USB1.1/USB2/FW framework for a product they are going to sell for &lt;$500.

However, that isn't the end of the story. The companies who develop audio interfaces implement different features into their devices and must update the driver and firmware to accommodate those features. That is where things can go wrong. Sometimes there is miss-communication about how things are coded, sometimes the developer who started a project leaves without transferring his knowledge to his successor, etc. You have to keep in mind that there are no &quot;big&quot; computer audio companies. Even the companies that seem big in the scale of the market, probably have fewer employees than you'd think.

A very well made interface that is designed from scratch from the ground up would be a very expensive device, regardless of whether it's USB, FW, PCIe or whatever.

Round-trip latency is the sum of the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
    ASIO input buffer
    ASIO output buffer
    A/D D/A converter latency
    The driver's hidden safety buffer
&lt;/pre&gt;
At a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k, Tascam units yield ~18ms total round-trip latency.

Typical USB audio interfaces use a large hidden safety buffer.
This helps ensure glitch-free playback... even under less than ideal circumstances. But... this comes at the expense of much higher round-trip latency. Short of doubling the sample-rate, there's no means of mitigating the higher round-trip latency.
If you have no plans of ever monitoring in realtime thru software based EFX/processing (ie: playing/monitoring DI bass thru an AmpSim plugin as you're playing), then this may not matter to you.
If you want the ability this play/monitor in realtime thru software based EFX/processing, make sure to get an audio interface that yields low round-trip latency.

As a point of reference the best PCI/e audio interfaces yield about 5ms total round-trip latency at a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k
The best Firewire and USB units yield 5.5-5.6ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.
Typical USB and Firewire units (that use a large hidden safety buffer) yield 12-18ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.

Anything above ~6ms starts to feel sluggish.
Anything above ~10ms feels like playing thru molasses.


USB Microphones 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;C-Media Electronics, Inc. CM108 Audio Controller Mic
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x013c 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato WaveMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver lightweight }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx solocast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx quadcast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sennheiser CC510 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis USB-Mic microphone podcasting kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2020 (AT202) AT4040
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2035 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball iCE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardioid only }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL 2001A/600 Studio Microphone Pack / MXL 2003A Studio Condenser
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeChat LX-3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Namtai SingStar(TM) PS2 SCEH-0001 USBMIC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1415
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mono microphones }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren Mini USB Condenser Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rockband USB Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A VideoMic Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode Podcaster 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| RODECaster Pro usb audio compatible}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A NT2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  NT2 better }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland R-07
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic - Portable USB Microphone for Recording 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mini usb r.h.s. and clip on the bottom left hand side}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic Clip On USB Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| switch to choose between Cardiod, Omni and -10&amp;nbsp;dB modes, a 3.5mm headphone socket and a USB socket}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C01U  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardoid only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C03U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7 USB Podcast Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7+ XLR &amp; USB-C dynamic microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY PCM-D50 handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PCM-M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TASCAM DR-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008, one mini usb out, lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009, one mini usb out, aa battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011, one mini usb port for file transfer and charging the AA batteries }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  mini usb aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 , one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40X
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb 3 aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40XP
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-100mkIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0095
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0120
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 no driver, mini usb 5V and display will alternate between USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f press the Record. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested, 2xlr, 5v mini usb, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 no driver, 5v mini usb, 2 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1n-vp handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 untested usb a cord, no hdmi, 480p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3HD Handy Video Recorder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 untested, built in usb-a cord, mini hdmi, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries, H.264 movies 480p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q2HD Handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested, up 720p but no stablisation, mini usb cord, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio Technica ATR4697-USB Boundary Microphone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CAD Audio CAD USB Condenser Boundary Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL AC-44 Boundary Conferencing Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Audio SAUB1 Boundary Microphone (USB)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


USB Speakers 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focal XS 2.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


USB Headset Wired/Wireless 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Logitech Vantage Wired (came free with PS2 Socom3)
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G330 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech Premium USB Stereo Headset 350
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics DSP-300 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics GameCom 777
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G-930 Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/set-usb-wireless-earphones/ Plantronics Audio 995 Wireless RF] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Sennheiser  Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be1e0QPIPK0 Mixers]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALESIS MULTIMIX 4 CHANNEL USB MIXER
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB FX (USB 1.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 18v 500mA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB 2.0 FX (USB 2.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen&amp;Heath MixWiz16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen and Heath ZED Power 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 8 xlr, usb-b out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen &amp; Heath ZEDi-10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX 302USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 5-Input Mixer/Audio Interface - 1 xlr - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q502USB Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 1 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q802USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEHRINGER XENYX 1204USB 8-Channel 2-Bus Mixer USB/Audio Interface Studio/Live
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle psu lead - can develop constant background hiss over time 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX X1222USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver - 12-Channel Analog Mixer with USB Interface and Effects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng HT-7 HT7USB 7 Channel Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2023 cheap no driver, USB MP3 player to work, format your USB stick Fat32 as a Logical drive - not primary}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng XT7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng DT8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Spirit soundcraft Folio FX8 with Lexicon Effects Processor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} unusual power connector - [https://github.com/lack/soundcraft-utils usb routing] -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver, cheap mixer with 3pin ac input (introduces noise) and 1 usb-a port}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7-Pro 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic A80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2024 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


Mixer no hardware usb 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALTO Lynx MIX82FX Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alto L16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MXUL5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MX602A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB502
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 17.5V 3pin psu needed}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB802 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 4 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer RX1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 802 XENYX 8-Input 2-Bus Mixer Small Format Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 18.5V ???ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 502 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IMG stage Line MMX-122 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, iec cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 802VLZ4 Mackie 802-VLZ4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb , psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 1202-VLZ Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, mains iec}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix5 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 18v 300mA psu - 5 Channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix8 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 9v x2 600mA psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie MIX12FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, 9v 500mA x2 psu, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.soundcraft.com/en/product_documents/en/owners_manual Soundcraft] Spirit Folio F1 Fader 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 16 Channel Mixer - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Harman Soundcraft EPM 12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle power lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM 16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 8FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 124FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, 14.8V x2 3 pin psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;t.mix xmix 1402fx mp usb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, mains iec, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
|}


==Webcameras==

A USB camera has two dedicated chips: a controller or bridge and an image sensor.

There was no Commodore support for video interfaces. The only commercial, now discontinued application that defined some sort of standard was VHI Studio by iospirit.

===OLD standards===

See [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_supported_e.html support pages] and [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_faq_e.html here] and some [http://webcam-osx.sourceforge.net/cameras/index.php?orderBy=status further compatibility]


Pencam STV680
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AIPTEK stv680 
| 0x0553 
| 0x0202 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Konica e-mini 
| 0x04c8 
| 0x0722 
|
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| DigitalDream l'espion XS 
| 0x1183 
| 0x0001 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://reviews.cnet.com/webcams/creative-webcam-go/1707-6502_7-1446174.html Creative WebCam Go mini] 
| 0x041e 
| 0x4007 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


SonixcamTool (Sonix webcams and derivates)

'''Note [http://amigadev.free.fr/sonix/ some] Sonix Webcams with a Sonix SN9C1xx controller ''and'' a pas106b or tas5110c1b sensor support bulk mode which works even with pciusb.device!'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Macally IceCam II
| 0x0c45
| 0x05d8
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Sweex MiniCam 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6005 
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110c1b}}
|-
| Macally IceCam Portable 
| 0x0c45
| 0x6007
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110d}}
|-
| Sweex 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6009 
| 0x0101
| {{yes|bulk works - sensor pas106b}}
|-
| [http://www.epinions.com/pr-Chicony_TwinkleCam_Webcam/display_~full_specs Chicony Twinkle DC-2110A] 
| 0x0c45
| 0x600d
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45
| 0x601e
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| USB PC Camera (SN9C102)
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6028
| 
| {{no|no - sn9c10x + pas202b}}
|-
| Trust SpaceC@m 120 and 150
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6029
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor pas106a}}
|-
| HiRes Webcam Live
| 0x0c45 
| 0x602c
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| [http://www.sweex.com/en/assortiment/sound-vision/webcams/JA000020 Sweex USB Webcam 300K]
| 0x0c45
| 0x608f
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Speedlink Sphere Webcam SL-6820, 350K
| 0x0c45
| 0x613c
| 0x0101
| {{N/A|untested - sensor HV7131R}}
|-
| WB-3250P
| 0x0c45
| 0x613e
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6207
| 
| {{no|no}}
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
micromaxx USB Camera 	STM 	1363 	514 	works 	---
USB Tower 	Lego 	1684 	1 	works 	need NCQ
Trust Spycam 100plus 	STM 	1363 	514 	works
&lt;/pre&gt;


ov51x.class - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link VGA Webcam (640x480) 
| 0x05a9
| 0x8519
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Logitech/Logicool Black (ov519) SCEH-0004 
| 0x054c
| 0x0154
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Namtai Silver (ov519) SLEH-00031 SLEH-00030
| 0x054c
| 0x0155
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


===UVC.class - [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set USB Device Class Definition for Video Devices or USB Video Class]===

 AROS does not supported as still needs an uvc.class which might create a virtual UVC.VHI or an expanded streaming device driver for use by AROS apps 

*2003 UVC 1.0 baseline streaming of uncompressed YUV422, MJPEG, and compressed MPEG-2 TS, DV 
*2005 [http://www.cajunbot.com/wiki/images/8/85/USB_Video_Class_1.1.pdf UVC 1.1] baseline HD 720p streams formats, usb2 support, 
*2012 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set UVC 1.5] added usb3 devices and compressed h.264 and VP8 formats 
*2019 the market is filled with UVC Compliant USB HDMI Capture


*Aros needs to read the camera’s class-specific Video Control (VC) unit and terminal descriptors.
*Identifies the devices as UVC-compatible and links it to the native UVC class driver, so no separate driver installation is required.
*Aros and camera determine the appropriate streaming settings, including format, resolution, and frame rate.
*Once set, video data moves from the image sensor to the onboard ISP, then through the USB controller and into the host system for viewing, analysis, or recording 
*More advanced functions, such as HDR, ROI, and hardware trigger support, can be managed 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HD VS009
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k 60hz ok for chat streams}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HDMI HDR Game Live Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| for chat streams }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AJA U-tap HDMI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASUS TUF CU4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATEN CAMLIVE HDMI to USB-C UVC Video Capture adapter UC3020 HDMI (F) TO USB-C M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 possibly UVC and UAC standard support allows up to 1080P @ 60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Live Streamer Cap 4K - BU113 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc usb3}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC515 video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra GC553
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra S GC553PROW 302AGC553DL2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1553
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 powered by good quality type C USB3 cable and 4K HDMI 2.0 cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVermedia Live Gamer Mini GC311 302AGC311DG9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1311
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc compliant up to 1080p 60fps capture and supports internal hardware H.264 encoding - if flashing blue light try another '''quality''' micro usb cable - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Ez Recorder 330 (ER330) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 designed to work independently and is generally not compatible as a plug-and-play UVC capture card }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer extreme3 GC551G2 (LGX3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3551
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc compliant for intensive gaming streams, some vrr but no hdr with maximum recording resolution of 4K30/1080p60 from fully wired usb3 compatible cable - passing through 4K60/1080p120 Game Capture video capturing device HDMI}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra Pro GC553Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 usb3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra 2.1 GC553G2 61GC553G20BV video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC575
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVMatrix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ClonerAlliance Flint 4KP Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DIGITNOW U600 video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io HD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/elgatosf/capture-device-support Elgato HD60 S+]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x006C, 0x006E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 4K 30FPS capture, 1080p 60FPS uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60 X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K HDMI video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 uvc compliant but can have usb disconnects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 lite USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 USB 3.0 device }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 Pro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap Game Link Raw - ezcap321 usb3.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 2160p30, 1080p120 and 1440p60 HDMI input and pass-through. - 1080p120, 2160p30 and 1440p60 recording. - Latency less than 50ms uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCap GameDock Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 record at 4K30, 1440p60, and 1080p120}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap 360 Game Capture Extreme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 USB 3.0, 4K 60FPS passthru and 1080p 240FPS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCAP 364 GameDock Extreme 2.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genki ShadowCast 1 &amp; 2, the Pro version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HAUPPAUGE HD PVR Pro 60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  4K in/Out 1080P 60fps Capture and Streaming PC Connected and Stand Alone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;INOGENI 4K2USB3 2830 3826 HDMI 4K to USB 3.0 UHD 1080p Video Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2997
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 uvc compliant made in Canada - usb3-b socket and 1 hdmi 1080p from 23.98 up to 60p, 4K@30 fps maybe - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kondor Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nanjing Magewell Electronics Co ltd USB 3.0 XI100DUSB-HDMI Pro Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB3.0 Silver HDMI Full HD Video Capture Device 1080p 32011 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 usb audio extract HDMI embedded audio output via headphones}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI PLUS 2K 32040 320400000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 captures video up to 1920×1200, 1920×1080 or 2048×1080 at 60 fps over an HDMI capture from devices such as game consoles in up to DCI 4Kp60 4:2:0 input resolution, and it automatically upscales/downscales the signal to 2K for recording or streaming}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI Gen2 32060 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 1080p gets hot, 165M HDMI receiver, max input 2048x1080 60fps 4:4:4, RGB/YUV 4:4:4 8/10/12-bit, YUY 4:2:2 12-bit, up to 8-channel 24-bit HDMI-embedded audio at 192kHz, HDMI 1.4a, output from 480p to 1080p, YUY2/UYVY/RGB24/RGB32 support video cropping, up/down scaling, de-interlacing, aspect ratio conversion, color format conversion, frame rate conversion, flip and mirror, up to 2-channel IEC60958 audio streams, 5V 0.5A 2.5W, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K Plus 32090 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 limited by the bandwidth of USB 3.0, the maximum frame rate can only reach 30 fps when capturing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell Pro Convert IP to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Captures one network eth NDI® High Bandwidth, NDI® HX2, NDI® HX3 sources or H.264/H.265 video source into software at resolutions up to 1080p60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Fusion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|versatile USB video capture device that allows users to switch between two HDMI inputs and one USB webcam input for live presentations}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND UVC-01 USB Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc. MiraBox HSV321 ARX321 Video Capture device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;ox1bcf
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2c99
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGREEN CM716 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| uvc uac but disable HDCP on your source device (PS4/PS5, Xbox) }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionTek UVC HD60 Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Aspire Crystal Eye AOA110 AOA150 0.3M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2008 webcam }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer CAM 313 (PW313) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2019 uvc 1080p/30 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2021 uvc 1080p/60 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://reviews.cnet.co.uk/webcams/creative-live-cam-optia-af-review-49294183/ Creative Live Cam Optia AF] 2.0M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR macro extensions + a cheap 50mm E-Series lens + some PVC tubing and a negative holder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera chosen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR scanning using a macro lens, for the adapter, for a 3d printed negative holder) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C270 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0825
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|720p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C910 C920 HD Pro 5Megapixels 720p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C920s c922 HD Pro 5Megapixels 1080p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Brio 100 300 500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}} 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MX Brio 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft's LifeCam HD-3000 HD-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x0779
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.06
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Cinema 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} sony imx179 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 1/2.8” Sony IMX291 image sensor, it's a 2MP, UVC-compliant, ultra-wide-angle, low light, high-speed USB 2.0 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} OV5648 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;razer kiyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 4 megapixel sensor 1080p 30fps 720p 60fps - 12 led ring light adjustable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet C068 1.3mpixel HTD USB2.0 Camera Vimicro Z-Star Corp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0AC8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x3420 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x01FA
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wltechblog/thingino-installers/tree/main/wyze-cam-4 Wyze Cam V4] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0QLiC9QoQU firmware]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| verified with os04d10 sensor (i2c 0x3c) but not GC4653 (i2c 0x29)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;YEALINK(XIAMEN) NETWORK UVC50 is compatible with the UVC 1.1 protocol CP960-UVC50 and CP960-UVC80 kits PTZ, CP960-UVC30 Kit is UVC 1.5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amcrest ProHD 1080P WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera - 1080P (1920TVL), [https://www.ispyconnect.com/man.aspx%3Fn%3DAmcrest IP2M-841] nvr 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} h264/rtsp, motion detection, features Sony image sensor and Ambarella processor - rtsp://[username]:[password]@[IPaddress]:[port]/cam/realmonitor?channel=[channel]&amp;subtype=[stream] - [username] - username to login to the DVR or NVR, [password] - password, [IPaddress] - IP address of the device. If you are not on the same local network, this should be the external IP address of the device's network, [port] - port number, [channel] - channel number of the stream, [stream] - view the Main or Sub stream. (main stream is 0, sub stream is 1) , eg. rtsp://admin:admin@192.108.1.108:80/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&amp;subtype=1 - utilizing RTSP ( rtsp://user:pass@ipcam1 )  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Axis all modern ones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg or MJPEG over HTTP
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PTZ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DLink DCS-5222 5222L network camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} camera streams H.264 over RTP controlled by RTSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dlink DCS900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview 1080p [http://marc.merlins.org/perso/linuxha/post_2013-11-10_Reviewing-IP-Webcams-for-Linux-and-Zoneminder_Dlink-DCS900_-Ubnt-Aircam_-Foscam-FI8904W-FI8910W_-FFI9820W_-FI9821W_-Wansview-NCB541W_-and-Zavio-F3210.html#NCM625GA NCM625GA] IP Camera WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera , Full HD Plug n Play Home Surveillance / Baby Monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg - play its HD stream without problem with vlc rtsp://ip/live/ch0 and getting  jpegs http://ipaddr/mjpeg/snap.cgi?chn=0 - methods involve transcoding h.264 video from the camera into jpeg's, which is cpu intensive - able to pull images manually, using http://username:password@ip/mjpeg/snap.cgi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview NCB541W
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Game Capture HD C281 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2011 standalone h.264 recording of up to component cable not hdmi but not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia GL310 Live Gamer Portable (LGP Lite)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working usb2 and USB Lite no uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable ([https://github.com/Trouffman/octv_gears_lgp Model C875])  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 usb2 no uvc}}   
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX Live Gamer extreme GC550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2015 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX2 Live Gamer extreme2 gc550 plus gc551 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia ExtremeCap UVC - BU110 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 maybe not uvc and uac}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable 2 Plus GC513 Micro-USB Capture Box LGP2 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1513
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 powered by a standard Micro-USB cable, video capture output up to 1080p60 capture to hdmi in, standalone sd card recording on exFAT or FAT32 of .MOV, 2160p pass-through hdmi out to tv - no vrr - [https://www.avermedia.com/uk/support/download#ans_part firmware latest 2.1.7.13, 2.1.7.14], SN74AVC8T245 8bit, DRV604 stereo, iTE IT6663FN hdmi 2.0 splitter, TLV320DAC3101 DAC, CS42L73 audio codec, CDCE913 PLL clock, W29N01HVSINA nand bios, I-Catch V35MA SOC CPU 32bit MIPS24K, ADV7480 hdmi mhl, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer 4K LG4K GC573 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc but [https://github.com/derrod/lg4k-linux drivers here], }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blackmagic intensity Extreme Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BlackMagic Intensity Pro 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2015 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Video Capture (1VC108601000)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD GCHD 2GC309901000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc https://github.com/tolga9009/elgato-gchd needs firmware mb86h57_h58_idle.bin and mb86h57_h58_enc_h.bin - mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60S Elgato Game Capture 4K60 S+ Video Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|non uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;August EZCap.tv model 116 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} poor audio recording 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;E-SDS Diamond Maplin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1212 HD PVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} analog and component only - PlayStation (.m2ts), AVCHD (ts), or XBox(.mp4) recording formats - switched the component output from the default YPbPr to RGB. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1431 1445 HD PVR Gaming Edition HDMI Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working, can get warm}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD Rocket 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD-PVR2 (model 145210 Rev E4) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xE502
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1480 1482 HD PVR 2 GE Gaming Edition HDMI Capture green LED - 1498 1503 1504 Plus version with Mac support 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe514 0xe524
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| can get warm - [https://ez.analog.com/video/w/documents/581/adv7482-design-support-files ADV7482] [https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9201075/ video chip] with Magnum DXT H.264 encoder blob, IDR keyframe generation poor - best for model 157210 and not 157221 and Game Edition Plus (model 157320) 2040:E505 E505-00-00AF1234 [http://www.hauppauge.com/site/support/linux.html#tabs-3 ]}} 
* HDMI: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480i, 720x576i, 640x480p60.
* Component: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60*, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480p60, 720x480i, 720x576i.
* Composite: 720x480i and 720x576i 
* Audio Inputs : HDMI PCM and RCA support with Adjustable Bitrate Quality 2 Channel AAC/AC3 audio codec 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1512 HD PVR 2 PC blue LED with optical in input on the back 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe525
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} can get quite warm - IR Blaster added - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge Colossus2 E585-00-00AF4321 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe585
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion SLIDES2PC 35mm Portable Slide &amp; Film Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion Pics 2 PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ION PowerScan USB film and slide scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Koolertron Sunny 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FilmScan35 35mm Film Negative Scanner 1304 marks spencer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;U3 HD Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/openrazer/openrazer Razer Ripsaw HD] Game Capture (RZ20-01780100)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2017 not uvc put in usb2 slot and use video BGR3 (Emulated) and OpenRazer drivers }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ripsaw HD USB HDMI Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0d01
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc compliant}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Silvercrest 35mm Photo Slide Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc but not great quality}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. Traveler TV 6500 SF Dia-scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0ac8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3370
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 not uvc and poor scans}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
|}


=== WebAR + WebVR = WebXR Headset ===

 AROS needs an usb based uvc.class to vhi like type driver for virtual display 

The primary engineering challenge of VR is motion sickness caused by a mismatch of visual and inner ear information, which is extremely well established as causing people to throw up in a wide range of contexts outside of VR. The experiences that make some people sick are low framerate. Foveated rendering doesn't solve vergence accommodation. Your eye will still be focused at infinity regardless of where you are looking, you'll just have the illusion that the foreground or background are out of focus. Eye tracking plus dynamic lenses (perhaps liquid lenses) or real light fields are necessary. 

First start with apps that have simple static features at first, then advance to dioramasa and teleportation options for 10, 20 minutes and then gradually upgrade over a timespan of four weeks to train your brain. Avoid smooth motion stuff like rollercoaster or mountain heights until much later. Even with this preparation, VR makes 40% of people seasick nausea. If so, you may be able to use VR glasses just to watch videos and some slow moving apps [https://www.emuvr.net/ emuVR] instead.

*2014-2019 1st Gen, low resolution, 
*2020-2025 2nd Gen, higher resolution, 
*2026-

Most hardware typically has a 1-3 year retail lifespan with 1-3 years of updates after. Really need &quot;right&quot; tethered PCVR rather than wireless. 
The advantage to being tethered to a PC is processing power. Any standalone headset is going to be running purely off of batteries.

VR and AR are known as XR

Technology will get immersed enough so not making people sick. Higher resolution, faster frame rates, and [https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack better tracking]. 
Eventually, hyper reality brings VR, AR and MR digital layers together as a less chaotic, optic tracking with no delay, agents understanding, experiences with objects 

3Dgs 4Dgs gassian splats bullet time slice photo snaps .ply for WebXR 

[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/hardware/ ], 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Big Screen Beyond 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 pcvr 2560 x 2560, fixed IPD,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 @75Hz 2688x2688 @90Hz over pancake lenses, 116 FOV, virtual screens, custom facial plate from iphone app, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, no passthrough, 107g-196g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2e 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 total up to 90Hz pancake lens 116 FOV adjustable IPD app needed for adjustment, eye tracking, custom face mask cushion, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, seperate head strap and speaker modules extra costs, 110g-300g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dpvr P1 Pro 4k Ultra Vr Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 wireless snapdragon, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DPVR P2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream MR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android modular 3840x3552 uoled per eye 90Hz or qled mura issues, Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, eye tracking and 11 cameras 7 sensors 22 ir leds 14ms latency and foveated rendering, 1.5hrs battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream GravityXR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 ultralight head gear gx100 3w }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/community/ Valve Index HMD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 tethered PC VR headset 1440 x 1600 120Hz, 108° and 104° FOV, fresnel lenses, SteamVR2 compatible tracking ir basestations, controllers aka Knuckles, dp 1.2 and usb3 cable proprietary cable end, no battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Valve Steam Frame (Valve Deckard / Valve’s Index 2) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 - 2160 x 2160 up to 144Hz pancake lens, 108° and 96° FOV, wifi 6 fovelated streaming, Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 with [https://github.com/FEX-Emu/FEX fex] arm-to-x86 x64 translation layer, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 PCVR with adapter, two, one for each eye, 2000 x 2040 resolution OLED panels from 90Hz 120Hz refresh rates,  fresnel lenses, 116° and 102° FOV, sony proprietary headset cable end, needs additional comfort options, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionPro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goertek glasses 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive ?
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| 2016 2x 1080x1200 needs external power supply, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Original 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 108° and 96° FOV}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 , uvc, at least 2 powered steamvr basestations so 3 to 5 wall warts in total, proprietary cable end, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 dual 1440x1600 oled displays, 116° and 100° FOV - steamvr 2.0 basestation 2 for 5m2 area 4 for 10m2 - steamvr 2.0 joypads - low latency wireless later - type USB-c headphone adapter required, [https://github.com/CertainLach/VivePro2-Linux-Driver Rust on Linux] with [https://github.com/santeri3700/vive-pro-2-on-linux Shell], proprietary cable end, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 company liquidated, 2 x 2312x2160 110 FOV pancake lenses, LynxOS android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen, openxr 1.1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://www.virtual-boy.com/forums/t/the-oculus-rift-dk1-thread/ DK1] with [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_T4DJyy2Bo wired razer hydra controllers]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2013 pcvr LCD 1280 × 800 resolution 640 × 800 per eye up to 110° FOV, and 3DoF rotational tracking via a 1000Hz 9-axis IMU (Accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer), no positional optical tracking either inside-out or outside-in, 380g, nausea issues, , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://github.com/facebookarchive/RiftDK2/tree/master DK2], [https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Oculus+Rift+Development+Kit+2+Teardown/27613 ifixit teardown] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 pcvr, 5.7&quot; Super AMOLED display with a resolution of 960 x 1080 per eye 100° field of view, 1 usb Positional Tracker DK2 camera, lots of wires}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook [https://github.com/thaytan/OpenHMD/tree/rift-kalman-filter Oculus Rift CV1] [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] [] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/issues/330 AMD usb issues] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/wiki/Xorg ] [https://github.com/Doc-Ok/OculusRiftCV1Camera Live Video] [https://www.youtube.com/@thaytan Youtube] [https://github.com/Fredrum/riftOnLinux Pi] [https://github.com/OhioIon/riftDriverPi ], but not quite there with the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSsCN6HFkWc consumer CV1], [https://forum.dcs.world/topic/142259-cv1-not-working-in-dcs/#comment-2878168 orange led could be HDMI Signal is not within HDMI Spec and might be Overclocked or usb3 not getting enough power frustrating],  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3031, 0x2031, 0x0031 and 0x0211 for 3p-a basestations lighthouses, 0x045e 0x02e6 for xbox wireless adapter 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 powered run from your PC maybe uvc via wired dual PenTile OLED 2160x1200 (1080x1200 per eye) @ exactly 90Hz but screen door effect (space between pixels), 87 FOV, IPD from 58mm to 72mm, good 3D audio and okay mic, constellation headset 6DOF (3-axis rotational tracking + 3-axis positional tracking) with up to 3 usb infrared basestation (1 in front and 2 behind pointing upwards) on usb3 and usb2 to your PC but the tracking can be fragile so set it up on a weekly basis, wired only HDMI 1.3, USB 3.0 bus powered with proprietary plug in headset, 470g 1lb front heavy, 2 robust 1st Gen touch controllers with external sensors i.e. outside-in - 1 aa alkaline over rechargable battery each , press occulus and B buttons for 2 secs to connect, headset traps air so gets very warm inside and random disconnects due to twisting action on the top of the headset and/or cables, t4 torx screws }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Go 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018 discontinued 2020 android based, 1280x1440 per eye 60Hz LCD, not gaming, no inside-out and limited self tracking, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Oculus Rift S [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0051 headset (cdc, audio, tracking data), 0x2052 usb hub, 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 PCVR wired dual LCD 1080 by 1200, 88 horizontal FOV, display port (fibre optic strands) and annoying USB3 copper cables (power, audio and other data) but proprietary port in the headset, cameras on the headset (&quot;inside-out&quot;) tracking so no base stations, non removeable head band and cushions and ipd hard to set, requires specific fragile Rift S/Quest1 2nd Gen Touch controllers which has a ring of translucent plastic with leds inside - t5 torx to disassemble for sticks drifting}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest 1 
*032Gb
*064Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0183 (single adb boot), 0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 android standalone wireless, 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, front heavy though, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, low clocked Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 (MSM8998) (4x Kryo 280 Gold cores ARM Cortex-A73) + (4x Kryo 280 Silver A53), 2 to 3 hrs play time, 575g, 2nd Gen touch controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 2 KW49CM aka Codename Del Mar [https://www.meta.com/en-gb/help/quest/967070027432609/ fragile 3rd Gen Touch controllers] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cgejky8ZeoM internal battery] and selling over 20 million, more than all other quest headsets combined 
*064Gb 
*128Gb (110Gb free) 
*256Gb 
Setup continuous wifi, create Meta Oculus account, [https://developers.meta.com/horizon/ verify dev account, click on My apps], [ create Organization -&gt; My Organization Groupings], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPInS5xxF-0 finally, meta quest mobile app to switch on adb], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5010 (), 0x0083 (massstorage), 0x0086 (), 0x0186 (adb and xrsp [https://github.com/shinyquagsire23/xrsp_tests tests]), 0x0090 (composite adb), 0x0081 (), 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0419
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 android stand alone, lcd 1832x1920 per-eye 90Hz refresh rate, 97 FOV, fresnel lenses, 6DOF (degrees of freedom), 58-63-68 IPD settings, low clocked Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 1 apps with Meta Link cable USB-C usb3.2 pcvr maybe, b/w but no color passthrough, 6 t2 torx and 5 ph00 screws in headset (long bit), discontinued December 31, 2024, feature updates until December 2026, critical bug fixes and security updates until December 2027, 470g, Oculus + B button on right controller (move) and Menu + Y button on left controller (click) for about 3 seconds, 10W 5v 2a, RTL8153 chipset usb support, 
*V60 unable to 
*V77 pcvr issues 
*V79 unable to }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest Pro aka Codename Seacliffe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 android standalone wireless 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, 106° and 96° FOV mini lcd local dimming, pancake lenses, limited eye tracking, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, higher clocked snapdragon xr2 gen 1 arm cpu Arm apps, 1 to 2 hrs play time, new pro controllers with 3 cameras each, battery at rear, wireless charging, color passthrough, 9V 3A or 5V 3A, 
*v77 capped wifi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 3 aka Codename Eureka [ Air Light ALVR] or [ WiVRn] with fragile touch plus q3 controllers 
*128Gb
*512Gb
streaming from PC with [https://github.com/alvr-org/Monado-ALVR ALVR], runtime of [https://monado.freedesktop.org/ Monado steamvr alternative openxr openVR], with Envision GUI, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 standalone, pancake lenses on lcd 2064 x 2208 res panel per eye 1200ppi - 104° and 96° FOV - up to 120Hz, Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 apps,  foveated rendering, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, headstrap clamshell or halo style, speaker arms fragile, color passthrough, 510g, 18W 9v 2A or 15W 5V 3A, 
*v74 ok }}
*v76 pcvr issues }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Quest 3S aka Codename Ventura 
*128Gb
*256Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 cpu, lcd 1832 x 1920 fresnel lenses, 97 FOV, headphone arms fragile, better air flow, no promixity sensor inside, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, passthrough, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Boba 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 ultra-wide 180° x 120° FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Tiramisu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027  µOLED displays with 90 pixels per degree,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 5K Super Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K-X 8KX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Light 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 2160 x 2160 4k 120Hz, 115° and 96° FOV, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, variable qc and customer service, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Super 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 3640 x 3640 4k 90hz, 116°+ and 100° FOV,  eye tracking, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air with Lighthouse(s)  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 tethered 3840 by 3552 @90Hz micro oled with pancake lens, 100 HFOV 96 VFOV but FOV IPD changes in app, link box for headset 2 split y cables, removable face gasket, 290g, steamVR2 bases and controllers, eye tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air SLAM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026  Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) tracking inside-out so no base stations,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://somniumspace.com/ Somnium VR One VR1] [https://portal.vrgineers.com/user-guide/software/ open source] VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr 2880 x 2880 per eye @90 @120Hz, 125° horizontal 100° vertical FOV, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 bases, passthrough, 900g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero VR-1 Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 psu needed, 2 x Mini LED binocular of 150 nits, 2880x2720 per, 90Hz, FOV 102° horizontal, 73° vertical, 720g with headstrap, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 basestations, no speakers/mic, hdmi and usb3.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Camelo La Melaza Music Shield 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 no usb only bluetooth ,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;InAir 2 elite suite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar  nits 46FOV , , 4h battery life, 80g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oakley Vanguard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 100in 46FOV 650nits, usb-c 79g  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3S Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 135in virtual display 46FOV 1200nits, usb-c 80g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AR oled vision 4000 processing, HDR10, 47 FOV }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid Max 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 50 FOV 650nits, usb-c back left, 76g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid AI Spatial with Station 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 600nits 147in 50FOV  75g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ar ai smart glass}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 135in 46 FOV 1000nits, magnetic connector, 77g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE XR Luma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 1200p 50 FOV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 152in 52 FOV 1000nits 1200p, 3dof, , 79g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 in  FOV, 2 cameras, 3dof 6dof,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wheaney/XRLinuxDriver Viture Luma Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Beast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 1250nits 58FOV 174in, magnetic,  88g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE Beast X Glasses models (Immersive 3D Moonlight) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 based 2D to 3D conversion with support DP Alt Mode (DisplayPort over USB-C), 1200p, 3df tracking, practic lenses 58deg POV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xreal One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 600nits, 50FOV, 3dof, usb-c 84g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XReal One Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 700nits 57FOV 171in, usb-c, x1 3dof, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , micro-oled 1080p, audio, virtual uvc ar displays, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Real3D 1S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AI based 2D to 3D conversion 57 FOV, , virtual uvc ar displays not vr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xiami XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xtal 8k
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apple Vision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 tethered AR mixed reality glasses,   3300ppi, 800g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Google XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 standalone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 android with 2 1440 x 1600 75Hz amoled, inside-out, durable motion controllers, Vive port,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro EYE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 dual-OLED displays 2880 x 1600 combined resolution), SteamVR 2.0 tracking, foveated rendering, Tobii, it enables gaze-based menu navigation with avatar eye contact, proprietary cables, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018  poor tracking and lifespan on controllers,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2020 1440x1700 per eye resolution, 90 Hz refresh rate, 6 DoF tracking, 2880 x 1700 combined pixel resolution, 97° FoV, two controllers and two base stations. Lighthouse tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Vision Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 per-eye resolution of 2448×2448 at 90 Hz, a 120-degree field of view, Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive XR Elite VR Headset Deluxe Pack 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 snapdragon xr2 gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Goblin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 android based, 2.5K 1280x1440 per eye @70Hz, 92° FoV, and 3DoF (three degrees of freedom) tracking (Orientation tracking only—yaw, pitch, roll), single controller, snapdragon 820, ipd adjustment 54-71 mm, 600g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico G2 4K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 android standalone VR headset, 3840 x 2160 (4K) LCD screen, Snapdragon 835 processor, 3DoF so rotational movement (looking around, pointing) rather than positional movement (walking, leaning), does not support hand or eye tracking, 800g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico NEO 2 EYE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 6DoF 360g snapdragon 845 display 4k 75Hz tracking inside-out - magnetic field for controllers - pico software on android 8 - eye tracking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 Snapdragon XR2 Gen, 4K 3664 x 1920 90Hz lcd, battery at rear, displayport, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Link 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160x2160 panel per eye 75Hz 90Hz 105 FOV, Arm snapdragon xr gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160 x 2160 @90 105 FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2, streaming from PC with alvr, wireless streaming from PC with WiVRn, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, not plug and play, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 5 aka Project Swan aka Vision Pro Competitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 micro-oled BOE 3840 x 3840 4000ppi per eye, MLA pancake lenses, custom pico arm cpu, pico os 6 android, eye and hand tracking, 300g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy XR VR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 3552 x 3840 @60-90 109 FOV , Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall MeganeX 8K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 android  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8k MeganeX Superlight 8K] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android (3552 x 3840 pixels) into pixel count yields 27.27MP 10-bit HDR-compatible 4K resolution micro OLED panels @90Hz, pancake lenses 94 FOV, SteamVR™ tracking, 180g, 5V 2A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8kmk2 MeganeX 8K Mk2 MkII] [https://github.com/sboys3/CustomHeadsetOpenVR community] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr linux, 4K per eye (1.35inch micro OLED 3552x3840 10 bit HDR) 27MP @90Hz 75Hz 72Hz pancake, upto 108 hor 100 vert FOV, usb-c and dp cables to breakout box, 5V 2.1A, 200g}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Windows(TM) MR AH101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Dual 2.89” LCD panels 2880 x 1440 combined (1440 x 1440 per eye) Up to 90Hz (HDMI 2.0), or 60Hz (HDMI 1.4), Field of View FOV 95, Tracking Inside-out, lots of light leak, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer H7001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 wmr 1440 x 1440 per-eye resolution @90Hz refresh rate, and 100-degree field of view FOV, inside-out tracking with front-mounted cameras so no external sensors, flip-up visor design but has a &quot;screen door effect,&quot; subpar foam padding, win10 to win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Visor Mixed Reality VRP100 VR118
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 2x 1440x1440 a bit of nose light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujitsu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 cheap and lots of light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/HadesVR HadesVR] with [https://github.com/ManoloMancelli/Persephone-Classic-Controller Persephone Controller]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFaVjB1uNOM Persephone 3 Pro DiY 6Dof SteamVR Headset], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP Reverb G1 VR1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 WMR 2160 x 2160 @90Hz, 115 FOV, , hp proprietary headset cable end, 2 camera tracking but poor and controllers can be unresponsive, 500g front heavy, flight sims rather than gaming,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 1440p Spatial Computing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dim display }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://forums.x-plane.org/forums/topic/294764-vr-in-linux-without-steam/ HP Reverb G2] WMR VR3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 2 2160 x 2160 90Hz, needs Windows10 or Win 11 24H2, 4 camera tracking, controllers can be unresponsive, hp proprietary headset cable end, , }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mirage Solo is a Standalone VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Qualcomm Snapdragon 835, 1280x1440 per eye resolution, 75 Hz refresh rate, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo Explorer VR2511N (G0A2) VR windows mixed reality (WMR) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 LCD 2.89&quot; 1440 x 1440 per eye @90Hz, 6 DOF position tracking, 400g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/relativty/relativty open source relativty] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey XE800ZAA WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 9V 500mA oled screens 2x 1440x1600 with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey+ Plus WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dual 3.5-inch AMOLED displays 2880 x 1600 total @90Hz, 6DOF inside-out tracking with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required, use only win10 or win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 2x 1080x960 up to 120Hz, lots of cables and computation brick, sony camera needed for tracking, ps4 or move controllers, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|1992 , , Amiga 3000 with TI chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuix Omni 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 VR treadmill changed course to commercial VR and pivotted back again 2020, }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== HDMI CEC transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== TV Remote Control MCE IR transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Compro K100 K300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elitegroup Computer Systems
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1019
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0f38
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMYLE MCE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|acts as usb-hid with limited keyboard like controls }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge WinTV-PVR kit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Harmony 300 i300 600 650 800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft MCE Commander 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2005 need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 home top of square shape direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2006 home under circle spaced direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1069 SMK Manufacturing, Inc
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0609
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0334 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2007 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips RC1974506/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0471
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0815
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE10E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AR21M VGX-XL100 VGN-AR21B/AR21S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE20E PC REMOTE CONTROL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE30E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AW21XY VGX-TP3E VGX-TP3G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE50E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGC-LA2R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TSDX-IR14 USB MCE Media Center External Infrared IR Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;chipsets support CIR (consumer IR) Winbond W83977F/AF, SMC IrCC 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|technical reasons it's not possible to use USB IrDA dongles}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zotac RC2604323/01G Zbox Media Remote Control with IR USB Receiver OVU710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Anycubic Cobra 2 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs A1 Mini 3D printer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 EMS proprietary slicer app and cloud use, eSUN}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X1 Carbon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elegoo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lulzbot 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prusa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qidi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Snapmaker U1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tool changer  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sovol SV08 Max
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| open source voron model, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;desktop pick and place machines AFARCO PNP running OpenPnP for Desktop SMT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==ethwrap.class - Host Data Link &quot;Cable Bridge&quot; for data transfer==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Advance USBNET (eTEK design)
| 0x0525
| 0x9901
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ALi Uli M5632 (chip)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Aten (Ali Corporation) UN201
| 0x0402
| 0x5632
| 
| {{maybe|force binding from rawwarp to ethwrap}}
|-
| Belkin (eTek design see below)
| 0x050d
| 0x0004
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Digitus DN-3004 - USB Host Link
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| EPSON USB client
| 0x0525
| 0x2888
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| eTEK
| 0x056c
| 0x8100
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| KC-190
| 0x050f
| 0x0190
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no driver the half-duplex GL620USB is NOT supported, products using it include the Inland Pro USB Quick Link}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB-A
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Laplink Gold (uses NetChip 1080)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Prolific 2301/2302 (Jaton USB ConNET) (BAFO DirectLinq) 
| 0x067b
| 0x0000 and 0x0001
| 0x0004
| {{maybe|detected but untested}}
|-
| Xircom PGUNET (uses AnchorChips 2720)
| 0x0547
| 0x2727
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}

==cdcacm.class - USB modem==

The CDC ACM driver exposes the USB modem as a virtual serial modem or a virtual COM port to the operating system. The driver enables sending both data and AT commands, either through ACM (separating data and AT commands over different channels) or through Serial Emulation (passing the AT commands as is and as part of the data stream).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Alcatel OT-I650 
| 0x1bbb
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Acatel Dymamode/Dynamite
| 0x06b9
| 0xa5a5
| 
| {{N/A|untested Zyxel Prestige 630-13 - untested PROLiNK Hurricane 8000 external link }}
|-
| AnyData ADU-100A ADU-E100A ADU-E100D ADU-E100H D10
| 0x16d5
| 0x6501
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-310
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-500A ADU-510A ADU-510L ADU-520A
| 0x16d5
| 0x6502
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-610 ADU-620
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| BT On-Air USB MODEM 
| 0x079b
| 0x000f
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM CX93010 
| 0x0572
| 0x1321
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM RD02-D400 
| 0x0572
| 0x1324
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant Chipset 
| 0x06ea
| 0x0002
| 
| {{N/A|untested AUS N367 Roadster II 56 USB (Model AM5050R3) - untested }}
|-
| [http://accessrunner.sourceforge.net/ Conexant AccessRunner]
| 0x0586
| 0x330a
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Creative Modem Blaster USB DE5670
| 0x1690
| 0x0101
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FIREFLY, MediaTek Inc
| 0x0e8d
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Huawei E122
| 0x12d1
| 0x1446
| 
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=49126#forumpost49126]
|-
| Huawei E160, E160E, E160G
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=51888#forumpost51888] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6246)
|-
| Huawei E169 also known as Vodafone K3715 and Huawei K3715 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4941&amp;forum=4&amp;post_id=44683#forumpost44683] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)
|-
| Huawei E220 &quot;Vodafone EasyBox II&quot; &quot;T-Mobile wnw Box Micro&quot; also known as Huawei K3565 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
|
| {{yes|works, see E169 above (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6280)}}
|-
| Huawei E1750
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6290)}}
|-
| Huawei E170, E172, E176 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| Huawei E180
| 0x12d1  
| 0x1406
| 
| {{yes|Works (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| KYOCERA AH-K3001V 
| 0x0482
| 0x0203
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| LG CU515
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| MediaTek Inc GPS 
| 0x0e8d
| 0x3329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Metricom GS Modem 
| 0x0870
| 0x0001
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola MOTOMAGX phones 
| 0x22b8
| 0x6425
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola Q Phone 
| 0x22b8
| 0x7000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hummingbird huc56s (Conexant) 
| 0x0572
| 0x1329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Netcomm Roadster II 128 ISDN
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Nokia n70 N95 HSDPA
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works - see [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=4415&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC here]}}
|-
| OGO
| 0x045E
| 0x0079
| 0090
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Olitec ADSL Modem V2 
| 0x08e3
| 0x0100 / 0x0102
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onda PT502HS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x19D2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Radicom V92HU-E2
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung i8510 Innov8 Symbian smartphone
| 0x04e8
| 0x6651
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Samsung Tocco Lite (aka GT-S5230)
| 0x04e8
| 0x6795
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Shiro / Aztech USB MODEM UM-3100 
| 0x0572
| 0x1328
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1602
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1608
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM - new version 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1611
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Zoom Telephonics Model 3095F USB MODEM 
| 0x0803
| 0x3095
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Ugobe Pleo
| 0x6962
| 0x0100
| 0x0100
| {{Yes|Works}}
|}


==Misc==

palmpda.class - no [http://aminet.net/package/util/libs/PdaLinkPoseidon pdalink.library and tools] in AROS 

 Palm PDA (discontinued) synchronisation requires a port of pdalink.library and its tools through virtual usbpalm.device.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Palm IIIx (OS3.1) serial rs-232 only
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm IIIc (OS3.5)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm V
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m100
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m125 first USB - last with aaa batteries
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m500 (OS4)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Tungsten T (OS5) first arm cpu 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Zire 31 (OS 5.28) color arm-based
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring Visor]] – USB support out of box
|
|
|
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Handspring Treo 600 – last one for [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring]] 
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Treo 700w
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


bluetooth.class - needs Bluetooth (Viking King Harald &quot;Bluetooth&quot; Gormsson (Old Norse: Haraldr Blátǫnn Gormsson; Danish: Harald Blåtand Gormsen) stack to work (not written due to licensing fees to use the symbol merging the Younger Futhark runes for H (ᚼ) and B (ᛒ), representing Harald's initials)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


ccid.class - Chip/Smart Card Interface Devices (not implemented)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cyberJack RFID basis
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C4B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


dfu.class - DFU firmware upgrade
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 3, 4, 5, 5c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1290 0x1292 0x1294
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 32bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 5s, 6, 7, 8, X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 64bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio/Midiman USB audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad 1, iPad 2 A1395 A1430, iPad 3, ipad mini A1432, iPad A1458 4th Gen (MD512LL/A),  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008-2013 32bit A4, A5 up to Apple A6X, iOS 1 to 10, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air (1st generation) A1474, A1475, A1476, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014-2015 [https://github.com/AsahiLinux 64bit], A7, iOS 11 up to 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit A8, A8X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit A9, A9X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit A10, A10X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 64bit A11 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air 3rd Gen A2153, A2123, A2154, iPad Mini 5th Gen, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit A12 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


RocketTool (USB Rocket Launchers - Toy missile launchers)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Original Launcher and StrikerII (includes laser)
| 0x1130
| 0x0202
| 
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Missile Launcher or USB Cirus Cannon
| 0x1941
| 0x8021
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Webcam Missile Launcher
| 0x1941
|
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Rocket Baby
| 0x0a81
| 0x0701
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


DRadioTool (FM Radios - USB radio devices D-Link/Gemtek)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link DSB-R100 USB 
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 0x0410
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| [http://www.neoseeker.com/forums/383/t257009-link-usb-dru-r100-radio/ GemTek USB FM Radio 21]
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


UproarTool (Valencia MPX mp3 player and others)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Korean D Square Valencia MPX-Player
| 0x04e8
| various
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>ksi8pqa0txhjagu57v7ou070a7a8rza</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679035</id>
      <parentid>4679033</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:44:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679035</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="655994" sha1="tejnpqcjes7sm2pg1cjpvizffitwm8o" xml:space="preserve">
{{ArosNav}}


==Host Adapter Protocol USB1 OHCI UHCI USB2 EHCI USB3.0 USB3.1 xHCI ==

Please let us know any mistakes or any information to be added, use Prefs/Trident to confirm Vendor and Product IDs 
Please chat at [https://www.arosworld.org/index.php AROS World]

*1996 USB1.0
*1998 USB1.1
*2000 USB2.0
*2008 USB3.0
*2013 USB3.1
*2017 USB3.2


AROS has these USB transfers 

*Control     - 
*Bulk        - Midi 1.0 ( 'send my data when you can' )
*Interrupt   - Midi 2.0
*Isochronous - USBAudio, Webcams, etc 

Isochronous is the starting point of modern types of multimedia creativity. IsoChronous isoc code is already in place in poseidon.library and '''scheduled''' transfers are queued to be later rerouted in the host driver code (needs to be written for each host protocol e.g. OCHI, UCHI, EHCI and [https://cdrdv2-public.intel.com/625472/625472_xHCI_Rev1_2b.pdf#:~:text=Page%203.%20Document%20Number:%20625472%2C%20Revision:%201.2b.%203. XHCI rev1.2], [https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/content-details/868296/extensible-host-controller-interface-for-universal-serial-bus-xhci-requirements-specification-r2-0.html rev2], etc). There seems to be 2 types of isoc transfers, one is just the normal isoc transfer and the other is realtime implementation of isoc transfer. 

For isoc transfer there needs to be a scheduler that makes sure no isoc transfers are dropped (in or out) and that they happen at the right time. It all gets difficult as the device making use of the isoc transfer may be at any point on the device tree. One needs to calculate the USB bandwidth for the packet based periodic transfers that are initiated by the host which have fixed but guaranteed bandwidth. Host controllers guarantee this bandwidth by planning a schedule of transfers ahead of time to ensure there is enough time reserved on the bus.

[https://www.intel.co.uk/content/www/uk/en/products/docs/io/universal-serial-bus/ehci-specification.html EHCI] [https://www.thegoodpenguin.co.uk/blog/understanding-why-usb-isochronous-bandwidth-errors-occur/ bus-bandwidth] vs payload-bandwidth and the algorithm of the EHCI scheduler. 
The bandwidth of the endpoint in terms of payload data (stuff we put in a packet) and the protocol overhead, signalling imposed bit stuffing, host delays etc. 

Poseidon controls the driver and device tree and it provides an API to communicate with the USB devices. Poseidon really doesn't care much about what sort of transfer pipe is opened or used, it only provides the means to do so and forwards the iorequests to the correct driver. Poseidon code is the higher level code for USB communication and drivers are of course the lower level one.


[[File:Psd.svg|220px|right]]


; Best Hardware - NEC Chipset (OHCI + EHCI), Intel Chipset (UHCI + EHCI), XHCI USB3.0, USB3.1 &amp; gen 2 Type-A Type-B Type-C 
; Next Best Set - General OHCI, SIS (OHCI + EHCI), 
; Buggy Chipset - [ Early AMD OHCI], ALi OHCI, VIA UHCI, Nvidia OHCI &amp; EHCI, 


=== USB1.1 ===
OHCI USB 1.1 - USB-IF sanctioned standard but hardware physical form removed with USB2.0 and replaced with virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 M5237 Lucent USS-312 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| StarTech PCI425USB, CompUSA Iogear GIC220U-b, Nvidia 220 mobo, USBA2041P, ALi SU2A-PS, 
|-
| AMD 756 Chipset (onboard motherboard) 
| 0x1022 
| 0x740c 
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=31308#forumpost31308 usb devices detected] Geode GX1, 
|-
| CMD DU-A2 Silicon Image 0670 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0670
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Silicon Image 0673 (pci AMD chipset)
| 0x1095
| 0x0673
| 0x06
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 0x10de 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Maybe|Bios options vary but does with Plop Boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Tested with 20th Aug 2012 improvement 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| untested - Amiga Spider card with possible bottleneck issues at higher speeds 
|-
| NEC µPD720101AGM 720101GJ
| 0x1033
| 0x0035
| 0x43
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Mac mini, Belkin F5U219vea (2+1 ports), Belkin F5U220vea1 (4+1 ports), Adaptec 3100LP, BAFO BF-460, GWC UC-160, IOGear GIC250U, Keyspan U2PCI-5, O'toLink U2-C2B U2-C2A U2-P20N U2-P50, Ratoc PCIU5, USBWholesale UII-PCIP 
|-
| NEC µPD720102
| 0x1033
| 0x00
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Opti 82C861 2-port 
| 0x1045
| 0xc861
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| no USB devices detected - Belkin F5U005, 
|-
| SIS 7001 OCHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7001
| 0x0f
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 20th Aug 2012 - not booting stalls on GRUB word with Plop Boot 
|-
|}


UHCI USB 1.1 - Intel standard but since 2009 no hardware support as USB2 introduced virtual emulation of USB1 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Intel 
| 0x8086 
| 0x
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|not in bios use AROS floppy disc boot}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82371AB EB MB PIIX4 
| 0x8086 
| 0x7112
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No|none in bios use other booting options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|Detects most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led not on and does not work}}
|  
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBL/DBM (onboard i830 mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24c4 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes|but not from bios but floppy options}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on and although device has software failure and recoverable error IT STILL WORKS. Fresh start sometimes needs Network Prefs Saved to work. 
|-
| VIA MVP4 (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x30
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless options}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 detected but blue led not on and does not work 
|-
| VIA VT82xx (onboard mbd)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x40 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|most devices but not wireless usb}}
| RTL8187b WG111v3 blue led on but does not work 
|-
| VIA VT6202 (VIA VT83C572)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| A-Best USB-200, Cables N Mor USBPCI, CompUSA, D-Link DSB500, Digital/Research DRUSBCARD, Kouwell IOFlex 580, StarMount USB VIA, 
|-
| VIA VT6112 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3038
| 0x61
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 2011 seems to have issues with other identical via based USB controller(s) present 
|-
| VIA VT6214L 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 2.0 EHCI ===
The USB-IF insisted on only one implementation of EHCI but it creates 4 virtual hcd to cover USB1.1 support. The virtual HCD on Intel and VIA EHCI controllers are UHCI. All other vendors use virtual OHCI controllers. Hardware EHCI USB2.0 ended in most chipsets in 2014/5 and is now virtual through most newer USB3.0 chipsets 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ALi Agere M5273 A1 Lucent USS-344 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested}} belkin F5U006, 
|-
| Nvidia Nforce2 USB
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| Intel 82801DB/DBM (onboard mbd)
| 0x8086 
| 0x24cd 
| 0x01 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| NEC µPD720100AGM 
| 0x1033
| 0x00E0
| 0x 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| {{N/A|untested - Amiga Spider card}}
|-
| NEC 72101 GJ
| 0x1033 
| 0x00e0 
| 0x04
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| Belkin F5U219 VEA1 (pci), 
|-
| SIS ECHI 
| 0x1039
| 0x7002
| 0x00
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Maybe|issues about which port is used if it works at all}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6202 
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
| VIA VT6212 (pci card)
| 0x1106
| 0x3104
| 0x62
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{No}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{Yes|detects}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| 
|-
|}


=== USB 3.x SuperSpeed SS (Speed 5Gbit/s 3.1 gen 1) aka xHCI eXtensible ===

USB Attached SCSI (UAS or UASP) is a protocol used for high-speed data transfer between computers and external storage devices like SSDs, HDDs, and some flash drives. It provides up to 70% faster read/write speeds than traditional Bulk-Only Transport (BOT) by allowing multiple commands to run in parallel, rather than waiting in a queue

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1000 FL 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B73
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1000 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;link power management (LPM, USB 3.0 power saving) cannot be disabled so random connection issues  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1009-200 FL 1009 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1009 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Orico PFU3-2P
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1100-100 FL 1100SX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1100 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;LPM cannot be disabled so issues with disconnecting WD drives etc - CalDigit, ORICO PFU3-2P, FASTA-6GU3 Pro, inatech KTU3FR-2P 2 port USB 3.0,  and Inateck KT4004 (KTU3FR-4PA rev B2) for storage and hubs, etc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic FL1400 FL 1400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1400 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fresco Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720200 uPD720200a chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1d6b
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0194
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|no USB3 but seems to works like USB2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported for USB3 but works like USB2 - ORICO PRU3-4P 4 Port USB, early Dell Wyse zx0 thin client,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720201 uPD720201 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x114 0x0115 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEC Renesas xHCI µPD720202 uPD720202 chip
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1912 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ti.com/product/tusb7340 TI] tusb7340 TUSB732 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8241
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported Koutech IO-PEU436 but only one with open docs 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;recognized but not supported - integrated since Ivybridge 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL800 xHCI 0.96 support in VL800, VIA VL811 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3432 0x3438 0x3515 and 0x9201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{Maybe|}} 2.0 backwards support 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Anker 68UPPCIE-2S20PU 2 port, Plugable 4-Port, GA-z77x-ud5h rev. 1.1 mobo, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL811+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Via Labs VL812 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;xHCI 1.0 support in VL805 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


USB 3.1 (power up to 100W and data 10Gbit/s USB 3.2 gen 2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1142 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Connector: USB Type C and  USB Type A x 1 - Ugreen USB C PCI Card 2 Port USB 3.1 Type C 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 1.8 1.9 Updated  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AUKEY 4 Ports USB C , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Startech - PEXUSB312C - 2-port Usb 3.1 10Gbit/s
|-
|}

USB 3.2 (power up to 100W and data 20Gbit/s gen 2x2 - USB-A Full size plug - USB-B micro USB size - USB-C reversible) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel xHCI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Intel] Revision 2.6 Update  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=== USB 4 (40Gbps thunderbolt, pcie 3.0 tunnelling, ) ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Boot from USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Detect USB device
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB device works 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Marvell 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMD Ryzen7 6800U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intel Goshen Ridge JHL8440 Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VLI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Boots--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Detects--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Works--&gt;{{N/A|}}
|  
|-
|}


== hid.class (Human Interface Device) ==

=== Keyboard ===

 Some multi-finger touchpad support works but not on all touchpads  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Retro N C64 edition Keyboard, the super button accessory and optional N30 mouse
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 87 keys Kailh white}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo 108 Retro Mechanical Keyboard (white kailh) and two superbuttons (green) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05ac
| 0x0205 
| 0x0122
| {{yes|works (its two hub ports) but mouse scroll wheel issues}}
|-
| Apple Pro Keyboard
| 0x05AC
| 0x020B 
| 
| {{yes|works (two onboard ports also)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aigo K68 60% red switches, A68 A87 wireless 2G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://amigakit.leamancomputing.com/catalog/product_info.php?cPath=49&amp;products_id=973 AmigaOne Keyboard]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko TAC87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 80% TKL }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko MonsGeek FUN60 PRO&amp;MAX HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 60% hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akko 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arteck HW197 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 keyboard and touchpad combo, aluminum frame, aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Azio Cascade 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  good 75% expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Chilkey ND104 (Wuque Studios) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 premium clicky (WS Blue) or silent (WS White) key options with Ansi and ISO formats also numpad and calculator, aluminum machined, tri mode, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2026 untested magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K65 Mech MX no numeric keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair CH-9000045 K70 Blue MX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cherry G80 G80-3000L[x]C[yy]-[z] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cooler Master CM Storm Quickfire Rapid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Corsair K100 Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 okay low profile but expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell SK-8135 Dell USB Keyboard for Internet and Multimedia rev H for Dimension 4500, Dimension 8250, OptiPlex GX260n, OptiPlex GX60n, Precision 350 (R42232) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x413C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2010 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes| usb1.1 keyboard hub 0x413C 0x1003 works as well - multimedia keys not mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Deepcool KG722
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 65% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Channel Zero DK2108 Mech Mechanical Cherry MX Red 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ducky Shine 3 Brown or Blue (DK9087) MX keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Das Keyboard Model S Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Cidoo V75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker rt100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 plastic build and no screws, numpad with small 0, mostly quiet seasalt switches, gimmick usb-c 1in screen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EPOMAKER TH99  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} USB-C full numpad keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker P75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker p87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Leobog Hi75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Feker Galaxy80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 gmk/via 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget version good 75% choice of 4 leobog switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Tide75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% and not too expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK992 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 109 key }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK820 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker Ajazz AK35I V3 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 104 keys - two models: wired and tri-mode connection - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker Aula F108 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pricy but okay 100% but only leobog graywood switches but hotswap available afterwards}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;eopmaker Ajazz AK980 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 97 keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker G87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT82 RT85
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker RT100 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;epomaker x Galaxy100 lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 good 96% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATTACK SHARK X98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 98% maybe silent linear feel with Two-color PBT keycap}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker ATTACK SHARK X68HE and X65HE 65% Wired Gaming Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x502D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2025 tested on Aros running on Raspberry Pi wired usb-c with magnetic hall effect keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epomaker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Filco Ninja Majestouch-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focus FK-760 Wireless Keyboard &amp; Trackball
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} but quality build issues raised 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMMK Tenkeyless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades default Gateron Brown switches for Kailh Box Jades}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMK67 GMK87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested budget good option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hengchangtong HCT Limeme gk103s Entry Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xC0F4
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|half Keyboard left side only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears M2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested hotswap kaihl green switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hexgears 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix mq80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 good 75% low profile keys
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iqunix Magi65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 65% low profile keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iqunix ez60 ez80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested specific hall effect switches - actuation point, rapid trigger, etc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jomaa YiChip Wireless 50% key with touchpad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3151 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|dongle detected, keys and pad not working - 2 AAA NM}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested numpad only}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 v1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 untested okay}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q6 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 75% with numeric numpad, barebones so choose switches and keycaps to suit }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron q1 MAX V1 MAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Lemokey P1 QMK 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested best option to customise switches and keycaps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron LemoKey X1 X3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested keycap swap only not switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K2HE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested okay}} wireless hall effect analogue on all keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K4HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 untested hall effect but software }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K5 K17 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested okay low profile but }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron Q5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keychron K10 HE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kiiboom Breeze 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 good 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meletrix Boog 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 magnetic hall effect, good but expensive and software poor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Melgeek O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 low profile 75% but not repairable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOSART 2.4G Wireless 60% Keyboard Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4105
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|dongle recognised HID, keys worked, roller worked, scroll wheel works and shoulders works but buttons around left, top and right hand side (RHS) do not work and plastic and 2 AA MN1500}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mucai SiGma Micro MKA610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1c4f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0084
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| unknown red keys - rgb backlighting - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hjldemo.clsc.cn/ Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Ltd] Perixx Periboard 505 Plus with Trackball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard - poor trackball}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Zhentian Electronics Co., Ltd Perixx Periboard 706 Plus with Trackball Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|generally okay dome with good sized keys but piano black surround fingerprint magnet, occasional brief trackball freezes after no use, takes some time to get used to the trackball size}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-716 Wireless (Chicony)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;04f2:1013
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|okay dome keyboard and trackpad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Perixx Periboard-
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo SK-8825 41A5327 SIL12-W07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works manufactured for 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lite-On USB NetVista Full Width Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04b3
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3025
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K320 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech USB Unifying, Bolt, Lightspeed, or Nano receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K340 Wireless Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.logitech.com/en-us/product/wireless-touch-keyboard-k400r Logitech Wireless Touch Keyboard k400]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 0x046D
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0xC52B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 1201
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{yes|All (including multimedia) keys work. Some keys requires remapping with Trident. Touchpad works and acts as normal mouse. Presents itself in Trident as USB Receiver from Logitech with 3 HID bindings}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K400 Plus K400+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech K600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech TK830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G915 TKL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Unk|okay keyboard TKL means no number pad}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Lite84 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lofree Flow Lite100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 silent switches and low profile keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MACHENIKE K500 Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 94 keys untested Hot Swappable 94 Keys 90% Layout }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MechLands Vibe99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 100 keys untested Gasket-mounted Wired/Bluetooth/2.4GHz Wireless Mechanical Keyboard}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Comfortable Curve 2000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Natural Ergonomic Keyboard 4000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|recognized but not supported}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Wireless Media Desktop 1000 (1356)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00f9 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|working but not mouse part}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Niz Micro84 Duo82 X87 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 electro capacitive }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy gem80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy kick 75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 low profile 75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy Air75 V3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  75% }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nuphy node 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 96% layout, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-50 MK-80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qpad MK-90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Chroma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0203
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://openrazer.github.io/ Razer] Lycosa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow 2013 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razr Blackwidow Ultimate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Cherry MX Blue  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer Orange keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Low Profile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Blackwidow V4 Pro 75% 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  Razer  keys }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Cynosa Lite V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x023f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer DeathStalker 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer HuntsMan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ornata 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Orbweaver Chroma Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0207
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Tartarus Keypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  not hall effect and very expensive}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K668 RGB Gaming Keyboard Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys Upgraded Hot-swappable Socket，Red Switch}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Redragon K689 PRO Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested Gasket RGB Gaming Keyboard, 108 Keys Mechanical Keyboard w/Extra 4 Hotkeys, Upgraded Hot-swappable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rii K22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 keyboard trackpad combo, non replaceable lithium battery, very compact}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2027 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 75% mechanical, hotswap so okay for price untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Risophy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Royal Kludge RK65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SINO WEALTH Gaming KB SkyLion K68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x258a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| blue stalks with rgb lighting}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SKYLOONG GK104 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested gateron }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet x300 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MosART 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4101
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0312 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|1 AAA for each and works well - mouse slightly better built than keyboard rubberised membrane}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X331 HDE 2.4G Keyboard wireless RCMCU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C45
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|wireless can be glitchy but few extra keys are mapped }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet X500 2.4G Keyboard Mouse MOSArt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x062A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2901
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0112 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works well especially large touchpad - usual rubber domed membraned keyboard mechanism }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecware Specter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested good 75%}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unicomp Model M USB 104 key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} IBM's and later Lexmark buckling spring switches 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Minilo Bluebell (prestige silent) and Eculapytus (violet tactile)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 75% plastic build no screws not great to mod}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo Sword 68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| expensive but good}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varmilo 98 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 expensive but good and Kailh silent}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Choice65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weikav Velocifire Lucky65 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5055
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 good 75% but not as expensive CNC Aluminum HMX/JWK/Cocoa Switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush 80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5588 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Crush80 Reboot Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 very good but expensive Aluminum Hotswap Wireless RGB}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wobkey Rainy 75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x320F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wooting HE60 HE80 HE90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 hall effect but expensive with good software}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier WK61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk71 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Womier Sk75 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  hall effect }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xenta White Wireless HK6718B+HM3302--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works with Raspberry Pi untested on AROS native}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xinmeng X87 MAGIC_REFINER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 untested keycap swap but not hotswapable switches}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL66 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| milk switches, cherry PBT, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi B75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 budget good with cocoa cream switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|good budget option with  swappable switches,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzii AL80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yunzi C75 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 budget good with  switches }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2028 magnetic hall effect software should be better and surpasses mechanical}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
linear  - creamy
tactile - thocky
clicky  - clacky 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Cherry MX Black are linear switches (no feedback); good for gaming. 
Cherry MX Red are linear (less noise no click) but more squishy; 
Cherry MX Brown are in between Blue and Red in style and tactile; 
Cherry MX Clear switches have soft tactile feedback (with no click). 
Cherry MX Blue have tactile feedback with a click (noisy); good for typing. 

Gateron Yellows KS-3, KS-3x47 or better Pros have a milky top and black bottom and linear 

TTC Silent Frozen v2. Linear and dead silent 
Mouse the huano brown with yellow dot for silent mouse clicks
Kailh red dust proof encoder for smooth and close to silent scrolling
Boba U4 Silent Tactile switches
Husky linears

HMX 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Mouse ===

if the USB mouse is non-functional put a USB pendrive in before or add the following to user-startup in '''s''' drawer/folder/directory

 sys:prefs/trident NOGUI &gt; NIL:

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Brand
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Model
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;[http://www.3dconnexion.com/products/spacenavigator.html SpaceNavigator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| 3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpacePilot Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceExplorer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| 3Dconnexion 
| Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;SpaceMouse 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;3D Optical 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0000:3825
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin
| Combo mouse
|
| 0x05FE
| 0x0011
| Low 0100
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Cytec
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wired Mouse Gaming 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;R.A.T 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Dell
| Mouse
| MO56UC
| 0x413C
| 0x3200
|
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;equatech / clone logitech  
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;wireless mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;49779 / M185 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt; 3151:2020 later 3151:3020 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{Yes|detected and works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hama
| RF Optical Mouse
| AM-6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keycron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling and 16k dpi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Keychron 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested barebones 1k polling and 16k dpi, great for small hands, loud clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;LogiCAD 3D
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3D Mouse
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Cordless Desktop Navigator 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Inc.
| First/Pilot Wheel Mouse
| N48/M-BB48 M-BE58 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless mouse
| [http://www.logitech.com/en-roeu/mice_pointers/mice/devices/5484 M305]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| Wireless RF Mouse
| MK710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|The Logitech Unifying Receiver pairing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G304
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master Anywhere 2S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|untested}} micro USB charge port on front 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M220 silent touch MR0085
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2018 needs usb dongle - quiet clicking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech Logi 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 3S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|2021 untested usb-c bluetooth, inbuilt battery but muted clicks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitach
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;G502 X Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 very clicky}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;M240 silent touch MR0105  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2022 no dongle as bluetooth enabled but could work with Logi Bolt USB Receiver - 1 aa battery - quiet clicking}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Logitech
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MX Master 4 MXM
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Bluetooth usb-c dongle, inbuilt lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Brand
| Description
| Model
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8566
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8518
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;OrzerHome Maxxter 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;248a:8514
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1 aa with no on/off switch }}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wheel Mouse optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Sidewinder Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| IntelliMouse Explorer USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Microsoft
| Wireless Optical Mouse 2000
|
| 0x045E
| 0x00F9 
|
| {{no|not working see keyboard Media Desktop 2000 above}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Microsoft 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;1461 1447 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{No|usb dongle matched to one mouse only no others}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Orochi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Mamba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 17 buttons 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Naga Hex V2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} MOBA Gaming Mouse, Professional Grade 16,000 DPI Sensor - RGB lighting 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;DeathAdder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Viper 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;Razer
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB optical
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;Basilisk V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested 1k polling, 35k dpi, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Trust
| Slimline Lasermouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| SteelSeries 
| Tobii EyeX EyeMobile PCEye 
| Eye Tracking Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} gaze interaction track technology for augment augmentative and alternative communication (AAC). 
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;The Eye Tribe Tracker 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Eye 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB Optical Mouse 
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;MV3000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x192f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0916
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Brand--&gt;
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Model--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; {{N/A|untested}}
|}

=== Trackball ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;3Dconnexion SpaceBall 5000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}} Labtec designed and rolled into new company 3dconnexion 2001 by owners Logitech 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ACCO Kensington Orbit optical F1233A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kensington Turbo Mouse 64210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Clearly Superior Technologies. Model:CST 1000-RC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Trackman Marble Mouse Wired USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Trackman Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Optical Trackman T-RB22 - Cordless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech M570 wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Trackball Mouse Optical 1.0 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft X05-87473 Trackball USB Optical 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== KVM ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NanoKVM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== Gamepad ===

Controllers have mostly decided that the left analog joystick is keyboard equivalent of WASD and right joystick is your mouse. You also have 2 bumpers above the triggers. Shoot could be right trigger (so it doesn't involve taking your thumb off the right joystick). Face buttons for reloading or jump or other non-critical functions. Crank up the sensitivity and practice. 

Testing can be done with the TRIDENT Prefs, [https://devicetests.com/controller-tester html5], [https://greggman.github.io/html5-gamepad-test/ html5], or [https://gamepad-tester.com/ Tester]


==== Dinput Poseidon Default Plugin - Playstation(TM) style ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Bat D2E BTP-BD2E XD4D2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis Eliminator Gamepad Pro USB  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;047d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;4005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2d only 
|-
| Hama Black Force USB Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 psx clone look 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jess Tech Game Elements Philips GGE909 PC Recoil Pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TCbAmIhj6P4 Logitech Wingman Precision USB] G-UC3B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 no 3D but good for 2D retro games like Turrican II
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Action Pad G-UB3A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 1 blue lucid translucent - thin analog stick N64 type - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman RumblePad UB05B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc20a
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded blue piece - vibration feedback - single shoulder buttons with throttle control below right one 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Wingman Cordless RumblePad G-RA4A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc211
| 1.12
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 twin blue analogue sticks N64 type - poor 2d controls with single molded black piece - vibration feedback - dual shoulder buttons L1 L2 R1 R2 with blue throttle control below right one - 4 aa mn1500 batteries; life not great - C-UD10A usb dongle - overall big and bulky 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Precision Wired G-UG15
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Cordless Precision G-X2E14A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 ps2 styling blue outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G-X5C11A Cordless Precision Wireless Controllers
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A|N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 psx styling black outer shell - no 3D analog and no shoulder buttons - no rumble 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/logitech-dual-actiontm-gamepad/ Logitech Dual Action] 
* G-UD8 has no mode (2D only?) button and no rumble 
* G-UF13A later 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0xc2
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 G-UF13A tested only]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 New body shape psx style - dual analog 3D sticks - 4 small travel shoulder triggers no 5,6,7,8 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 G-UF13
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 usb wired light blue top/black base - twin analogues 3D along with dual short travel shoulder buttons - rumble present - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech RumblePad 2 Cordless 
* G-RC?? OLD version that take FOUR batteries and RED Logitech logo 
* G-RC14 uses TWO batteries has an ORANGE logo - dongle C-UE10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0200
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 wireless may have to remove 1 battery - G-RC?? 5 + 7 buttons - G-RC14 use buttons 6 + 8 to reset sticks - replace battery and push large button on receiver - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F310 Wired Dual Action G-U0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|D mode switch}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 best option for old usb wired style dual analog 3D with pc-xbox/psx switch on back (only D works) - both rear shoulder RT LT buttons have excess travel - no rumble vibration - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech F510 Wired G-UG0002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc21
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 dual analog with dual xbox pc/psx X/D switched compatibility modes - 
|-
| Logitech F710 Wireless / Cordless RumblePad 2 G-R0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xc219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;3.05
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|Mouse only not joypad}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 When switch on top set to D and nano receiver for each controller to pair - 2 aa mn1500 batteries required - rumble support sometimes - rear back shoulder buttons excessive travel needed - does have rubber backing that becomes sticky - 
|- 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Megaworld 'TIME' USB pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0735
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;Low 0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No |}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 Poor quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
* SideWinder Precision Pro USB (1997)
* SideWinder Precision 2 (1998)
* Game Pad Pro (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Game Pad USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; possible setup first 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Gamepad X04 Freestyle 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} 1998 might need USB adapter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder X05 63895 92626 Flight stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|2000 [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=929.msg11309#new tested]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Sidewinder Flight Stick X08-58736 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 
    Plug &amp; Play Game Pad (2000)
    SideWinder Joystick (2000)
    Game Pad 2.0 (2001)
    SideWinder Force Feedback 2 (2002)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 long-standing static buildup problem and Force Feedback 2 was the removal of the power brick 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps1000/ PS1000 Cyborg V.1], [http://www.testfreaks.co.uk/game-console-accessories-controls/saitek-ps2700-rumble-pad/ PS2700] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function 
|- 
| Saitek [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xG0v-hf6ZPA P2600] [http://compactiongames.about.com/od/hardware/tp/gamepads.htm P3600], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 no rumble function
|- 
| Saitek P2900 wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 runs on 1 AA battery
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Batoh PS3 mini USB Wired hookup [http://ps3.jim.sh/sixaxis/usb/ SIXAXIS] 
*PCB  Ribbon      Notes
*Protos ALPS MSU Rev3 M3 and the later CBEH-1019
*?    SA1Q135A 	  for sixaxis
*PP4  
*V2   
*V25  
*VX   SA1Q146A    first dualshock 3 model
*VX   SA1Q147A    CECHZC2U (USA)
*VX35 SA1Q159A 	  
*VX3  SA1Q160A 	  
*VX?  SA1Q188A    
*VX4  SA1Q189A    shipped with a CECH-2504 datecode 0C 
*VX5  SA1Q194A    changed design ALPS, PS button changes
*VX6  SA1Q195A    red case, 
*VX7  SA1Q222A    superslims 2 ribbons
*VX8  SA1Q224A    superslims 2 ribbons 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x054c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Sometimes detected but no support - no sixaxis features detected - mini usb lead will have varying results - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS4 
*JDM JDS 001 010 011 
*JDM 030 040 055 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PS5 Dual Sense 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speed Link Strike 2 FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Firestorm Dual Power 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|[http://www.morphzone.org/modules/newbb_plus/viewtopic.php?topic_id=7018&amp;forum=12 only 1 axis joystick only]}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-1500 GM-1520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 M series Aluminum Metal Joystick Hitbox Controller Arcade Fighting Stick
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 T series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 G series Gamefinger G12 G13 G16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; plastic - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haute42 S series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  thinner and lighter than G series 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mad Catz sf2 fightstick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Datel Paewang Arcade Pro Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F300 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash F500 Fighting Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Flatbox GP2040-CE Hot Swappable Mini Hitbox Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  default it is configured for PS4 but before plugging usbc cable in, X for Dinput, B Xinput, RT HID - plastic build case - Rev4 based on RP2040 chip and firmware is based on GP2040-CE (Community Edition) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shenzhen Onebitdo Tech 8bitdo Fighting stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Venom 8 button 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}


==== Xinput Xbox Style Plugin ====

2018 extension added originally called AROSx but later redacted. Latest [https://github.com/medusalix/xone linux driver] might be useful. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate C Wired 82CB (Shenzhen ONEBITDO TECH - GWOWO) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3106 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 - 4 t6 torx screws - non hall effect so drifting issues - triggers go faulty often - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C Wired Controller 82CD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2dc8 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x310A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - HID keyboard assigned - 4 t6 torx screws - hall effect analogs and triggers  - 1000Hz polling - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 2C wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  - 400mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad poor for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo ULtimate Mini Wired Controller for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
*Wired Controller 
*Wireless
*Bluetooth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect - playstation style layout for pc - slide button for S-A-D-X switch, android, dinput or xinput -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025  tmr hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8bitdo Ultimate 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  - mw battery - hall effect 3d nubs and triggers - micro switch shoulder buttons - d-pad  for retro games - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;8BitDo Pro 3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026  hall effect analogs, hall effect triggers and some microswitches - button swap - ps2 style layout - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Aurora 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks with no deadzone mode, gyro, linear rumble, trigger stops, back paddles, button swap, macro, turbo, RGB LED effects -  tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Beitong Spartan BTP-2270U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Betop Betong Asura 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  no hall effect - noble linear trigger potentiometer and alps shoulder LB/RB micro switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEITONG ASURA 2 Pro+ Game Controller Wireless Gamepad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beitong Zeus 2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BebonCool Dinofire Model Number: Q218 / TP28
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  - triggers aren't progressive but ON/OFF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers - tri mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX Wireless Controller PC PS3, 9013pro ESM-9013PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 linear hall effect but device sometimes will not connect tried multiple attempts with the dongle
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY MICRO SWITCH - Bumpers Tactile switch Hall Effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX X15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect analog and triggers - membrane buttons - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX S10 Wireless Gamepad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 TMR Hall effect and compatible with Switch 2/PC/Phone/TV/Steam, NFC, Gyro, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EasySMX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;202
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech World EOS Pro WGP15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect trigger and sticks,2 back paddles, motion controlling 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fantech EOS PRO II S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 controller with TMR hall effect analogues, mechanical face buttons and D-pad, 63 input macro, back paddles, turbo - analog triggers with trigger stops - tri mode bt wifi and wired - slide switch on back for switch, macos/android and xinput - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  luxury model 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader Pro 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 the Pro(Hall Effects) and Non-Pro (No Hall) 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 hall effect sticks and triggers - poor wifi connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Apex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  luxury model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Direwolf 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons with gold contacts - 800mhA battery - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Dunefox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 basic model hall effect analog and triggers but membrane buttons - 500mha battery - no gyros - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Flydigi Vader 5 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 - hall effect stick with tension control, linear triggers, DInput mode (o+A hold) - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir T4K Keleid, T4C Cyclone wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 poor to ok switch 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no|| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - switch type layout 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guangzhou Chicken Run Network Tech Nova Lite GameSir-T4n LITE - Zikway HID gamepad
*[https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 4200 seems to be xbox so B then Home for Xinput (green LED), A then Home for HID BT Android (green/yellow LED), Y then Home for Switch Pro (Red LED)] or X then Home for Wifi and start and select to alternatively swap modes 
* and if on [https://www.reddit.com/r/Gamesir/comments/1c185ve/psa_keep_gamesir_nova_lite_t4n_lite_firmware_at/ fw 5700 ds4 so Home + B (blue LED), ]
* firmware 6900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x3537
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1040 0x1041
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - hall effect 3d nubs - no usb-c cable - rubber membrane analog trigger travel and bumpers shoulder buttons - wifi 2.4G and bluetooth - xbox layout so ab and xy might need to be swapped via m and a buttons for switch type [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=po-nNuC5fps fixes video] - 250Hz polling - 600mah battery - rigid carry case - poor d-pad esp diagonals - gamesir settings software only on android 6+ or ios based only - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir Nova 2 Lite  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 SE Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gamesir TEGENARIA T3 Lite Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 playstation aesthetic hall effect analog and membrane buttons - X+Home button connects as an Xbox controller
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Cyclone 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR Joysticks with anti-friction rings and metal anti-friction rings around the stems, gyro, rumble, macro, turbo, 2 back paddles, hall analog triggers with micro-switch trigger - tri mode bluetooth, 2.4GHz wifi and wired, 1000hz polling rate - gamesir connect software - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir G7 Pro for Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 TMR hall effect - hall effect triggers, tri mode connection - gamesir nexus software - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir Super Nova Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 hall effect sticks and triggers, 1000Hz polling, tri mode connectivity, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GameSir 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 NS08 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Electromagnetic Stick hall effect - hall linear triggers - Mechanical face buttons - wired and wireless - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong 2 PRO NS09
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall efect - wired and wireless - Mechanical face buttons - Built-in rechargeable lithium battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KingKong MAX 3 KK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;hall effect - wired and wireless - lithium battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gulikit KK3 Max USB-c Bluetooth Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Hall Joysticks and Triggers, Maglev/Rotor/HD Vibration, 1000Hz Polling Rate, 4 Back Buttons,  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit KK3 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 smaller version of KK3 MAX - hall effect analog and triggers, face buttons , maglev rumble, gyro, 4 back paddles - rigid case - 950mAh up to 8 hrs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GuliKit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hyperkin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori EX2 Turbo UHX3-45 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G1 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 Wireless Gaming Controller with 1K Polling Rate Hall Effect Trigger Joystick For Nintendo Switch PC iOS Android 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Machenike G5 Pro Wireless Gaming Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 ABXY Switch Membrane, Bumpers Tactile switch and hall effect analog 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;microsoft sidewinder precision pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 0x045e
| 0x028e
| 0x
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|needs specific driver and has poor 2D control pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| Microsoft (R) [https://blog.tkjelectronics.dk/2012/12/xbox-360-receiver-added-to-the-usb-host-library/ Xbox 360] (TM) Wireless Receiver for Windows(R) Model 1086 and Controller 
| 0x045e 
| 0x0719, 0x or 0x0291
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|separate standalone usb dongle detected and shows as 8 vendor interfaces but no class associated and so not working - may need new class from code from xpad or xboxdrv to work the controllor}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox 360 Kinect [http://hackaday.com/2010/11/10/kinect-open-source-driver-demo-and-hacking/ Video] 
[http://git.marcansoft.com/?p=libfreenect.git;a=commit;h=7655fcf7239ba4907654089dba535a196685dbe5 GIT]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007  proprietary 2.4GHz RF protocol, 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One Wired Controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One wireless controller newer model with the 3.5mm headphone jack 1537 1697 and microsoft adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02d1 or 0x02dd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e3
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 ok - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox later models 1708+ Xbox One and Series use 5GHz and use Bluetooth, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02e0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xbox One S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ea 0x02fd
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft Elite Series 2 Core 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x02ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 ok - no hall - 125Hz polling - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minisform MGP01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOBAPAD N1HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 has liquid silicone face buttons, hall effect analog, D-Pad swap, two back paddles, USB-A dongle, HD Rumble - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad Huben 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mobapad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Gale 墨将 mòjiāng 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON Blitz PRO 2 TMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BIGBIG WON now MOJHON AETHER 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 hall effect joysticks, hall effect triggers, mechanical bumpers, 1000hz polling rate, mechanical D-pad, membrane face buttons, mechanical back paddles, rumble, deadzone issues - tri mode 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI FORCE GC20 GC30 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 not hall effect 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MSI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mytrix Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NACON GC-100XF Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 average 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 hall effect joysticks &amp; triggers, limited trigger stops, 1000hz polling rate on wired, 4 back paddles, 32 macro record, anti-deadzone mode, RAW mode, gyro, turbo, tri-mode connection - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN P50L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PowerA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Stellar T5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD Junior E5 Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QRD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Wolverine V3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  hall 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RetroFlag 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Speedlink XEOX Pro Analog Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;enclosed lithium battery? - xbox layout - switchable on back of controller to directinput (dinput) or xinput - USB dongle switchable to pc and ps3 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Instinct Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SCUF Envision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 good 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steel Series Stratus Duo XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;usb adapter needed 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/Inputlabs InputLabs Alpakka Open Source and build yourself] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY it with 3d printer, pcb and components  - pi pico needed - 2 gyros for better accuracy - 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://inputlabs.io/kapybara Inputlabs kapybara] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DIY one handed version wip 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vilcorn Z03 BT Wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 - other Bluetooth modes (green, red, blue, purple, etc.) Select + M1 (or M2) - 400mAh - not great latency wired - 800mhz polling -  
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd ultimate legend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+ elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;zd 0+excellent
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
#ifndef AROSX_LIBRARY_H
#define AROSX_LIBRARY_H

#include &lt;exec/types.h&gt;

#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_UNKNOWN  0x00
#define AROSX_CONTROLLER_TYPE_GAMEPAD  0x01

#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_UP          0x0001
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_DOWN        0x0002
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_LEFT        0x0004
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_DPAD_RIGHT       0x0008
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_START            0x0010
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_BACK             0x0020
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_THUMB       0x0040
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_THUMB      0x0080
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_LEFT_SHOULDER    0x0100
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_RIGHT_SHOULDER   0x0200
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_A                0x1000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_B                0x2000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_X                0x4000
#define AROSX_GAMEPAD_Y                0x8000

struct AROSX_GAMEPAD {
    ULONG   Timestamp;
    UWORD   Buttons;
    UBYTE   LeftTrigger;
    UBYTE   RightTrigger;
    WORD    ThumbLX;
    WORD    ThumbLY;
    WORD    ThumbRX;
    WORD    ThumbRY;
};

#define AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT    0x00
#define AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT 0x01
#define AROSX_EHMF_CONNECT    (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_CONNECT)
#define AROSX_EHMF_DISCONNECT (1L&lt;&lt;AROSX_EHMB_DISCONNECT)

struct AROSX_EventHook {
    struct Node         eh_Node;
    struct MsgPort     *eh_MsgPort;
    ULONG               eh_MsgMask;
};

struct AROSX_EventNote {
    struct Message      en_Msg;
    ULONG               en_Event;
    APTR                en_Param1;
    APTR                en_Param2;
};

#endif /* AROSX_LIBRARY_H */
&lt;/pre&gt;


=== Joystick ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CH Products CombatStick 568 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cyborg X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Extreme 3D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| [Logitech Attack 3 Joystick] 
| 0x0464
| 0xC214
| 0205
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek X-52 x52 pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;saitek aviator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Speedlink Competition Pro USB 
| 
|
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{maybe|works but games not working &quot;out of the box&quot;}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator QZ 501
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator TH 400
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust Predator GM-2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust XK 100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

===[https://github.com/JacKeTUs/linux-steering-wheels Gaming Racing Steering Wheels]=== 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;40%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/documents/pid1_01.pdf USB PID standard not supported], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cammus C5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec CSL Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 and Xbox - belt driven wheel - 30cm wheel swapping 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fanatec Club Sport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt $600 £500 system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FFBeast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius TRIO RACER F1 Racing Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Cheap and cheerful but not great - may need calibrating 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hama PC Racing Wheel Thunder V18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Average 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Racing Wheel 3 with pedals 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PC 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logic3 PXU450 TopDrive GT450 Steering Wheel for PS3, PS4, XBox One and PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MOMO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Very good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Driving Force GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Drive Force Pro DFP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; wheel 900 degree - weighs in at 15&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Formula Force EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;200 degrees turn for the EX model is arcade-like driving - adds PS3 compatibility via the PSx/2 adaptor - weighs in at 9&amp;nbsp;lbs
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G27 PC/PS3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; comes with gear shifter - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G29 PC PS3/PS4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G920 PC XboxOne 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  may need additional shifter - gear 900deg wheel / rumble - 3 peddle - needs external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech G923 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft(R) SideWinder Precision Racing Wheel (1999)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moza R12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x346E
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Ultrawipf/OpenFFBoard OpenFFBoard], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PXN V12 Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simagic M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; base direct drive $900 £800 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simplicity Simwheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simucube 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Simxperience Accuforce V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SPEEDLINK Drift O.Z. Racing Wheel with Pedals and Gear Stick 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SteelSeries Simraceway SRW-S1 Steering Wheel (PC) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Nascar Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari Challenge Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; Poor  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster Ferrari FGT Rumble GT Experience 3-in-1 (PC/PS3)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;b658
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0102
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Wheel and all buttons detected}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Not great - gear driven 240deg wheel rotation - no psu needed - 2 peddle - flappy gear change - rumble untested - red switch for PC PS3 selection 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster F430 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T500 RS Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; belt driven wheel/rumble for GT5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T60 Challenge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T150 Wheel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  gear / belt combo wheel / rumble - 2 peddle 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TMX Pro PC/XboxOne
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; direct drive rumble - no manual gear shift included 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base level and OK - PS4 - 270deg rumble - 2 peddle 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T300 RS GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS3 PS4 - belt driven - 900deg rotation and modular 28cm wheel out - 2 peddles but 3 available 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster TX Leather 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x044f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TX Xbox version - 900deg rotation 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustermaster TS PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PC only belt wheel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; TS XW Racer PC Xbox1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; top belt system 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thrustmaster T-GT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;PS4 $700 £600 with T-DFB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tracer Zonda Racing Steering Wheel PC PS3 Vibration Feedback Pedals Gearbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===Gamepad Joypad Adapters===

* Most adapters will work in most OS's without installing a driver. Special functions needing drivers will be noted. 
* Some adapters do not work with some [http://www.stepmania.com/wiki/Dance_Pads dance pads] because of voltage issues. Other adapters map the dancemat arrows as axes and not as buttons, causing problems.
* If using an adapters should be compatible with '''original''' PlayStation PS/Xbox Xbox/GameCube GC /Dreamcast DC/Sega Saturn SS gamepads. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Merge with USB on Digital Pad
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.maplin.co.uk/psx-usb-bridge-34887?tabid=3&amp;worldid=&amp;doy=21m9&amp;faqitem=playstation%20controller%20to%20pc%20adaptor Maplin] [http://www.rockfire.com.tw/ Padix Co. Ltd. Rockfire] PX-205 PSX/USB Bridge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0583 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2050
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes}} but buttons mapped different from others 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Maybe|poor}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ok with dpads, but very poor support with analogue hack 
|-
| Boom PS Joy Converter adaptor 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| discontinued (2004/5). Hold Up, Start, and Select for three seconds. Very good [http://www.stepmania.com stepmania] recommendation. 
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/m_main.htm EMS] [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/ps2-usb2.htm USB2] grey plastic box with 2 PSX ports, one on either side - UP and Select pressed for 3 seconds at the same time or the dance code (start+select+up) 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows the PS port works in digital mode on d-pad}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| Set in PC switch mode. Does not work when using 2 pads at the same time, likely higher power requirements. FPSE emu DualShock untested, Mat and Guitar untested but known lag involved 
|-
| Joytech (play.com) (EMS USB2 bad clone) Black box twin PSX
| 0x0b43
| 0x0003
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}} 
| but poor on dance ddr mat and guitar hero as the left and right keys do not like being pressed together, Dual shock untested 
|-
| [ EMS Trio Linker ] 1 PSone connection at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 2005 
|-
| [http://psxemulator.proboards.com/index.cgi?board=support&amp;action=display&amp;thread=421 EMS Trio Linker Plus] (blue box) 1 PSx at bottom
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX discontinued 
|-
| Gamtec [http://www.gamestone.co.uk/gradius/guides_usb_smartjoy_guide.php SmartJoy Plus] Lik Sang PS-&gt;USB converter Red 2005 
| 0x0925
| 0x0005
| Low 0110
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe|detected and digital dpad works with [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4138&amp;forum=2&amp;post_id=35952#forumpost35952 joystick and testjoystick tests] but  the second analog control is not mapping correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue Hack - hardware buggy not useable}} 
| Dual shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested. Nothing picked up upon plugging it in. Quite common, these items have grounding issues or feed voltage back into the USB host and freeze the host controller, preventing any plugins or removals being detected. 
|-
| Gamtec SmartJoy Plus Dual PS-&gt;USB converter Red 
| 0x0925
| 0x00
| Low 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|buggy hardware}}
| 
|-
| [http://uk.gear.ign.com/articles/700/700334p1.html Lik-Sang Super SmartJoy PSX] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1PSX 
|-
| Soyo Kiki Kiky 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| eXcel PSX adaptor shaped a little like a stealth bomber with USB pass through 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Venom 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|-
| Dragon Plus (Radio Shack) Pantherlord GreenAsia USB to PS2/PS3 converter single black cable
| 0x0e8f
| 0x03
| 1.07
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| 
|-
| Deal Extreme 2 PSX black cables from 1 USB port
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HDE 2014 Personal Communication Systems Inc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0810
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Same as single cable above but with black block midway along cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC001 Super Joy Box 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC016 Super Joy Box arrowhead triangle twin PSX] Original was lack with RED Leds. Clones Dilong pu203, Blue HDE Neewer ShineData SD-APS2USB, Red Octane and Black PC Power Box (NS3454) '''embossed circle''' on top 
| 0x0810
| 0x0001
| 1.06
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes|Tests/joystick shows one PS port does not work with analog control at all but the other port does and maps correctly in digital mode}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works }}
| Still available 2013, poor construction though, falls to pieces easily. Dual Shock untested, Mat and Guitar untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd [http://www.mayflash.com/pc/pc038/pc038-1.htm Mayflash PC038 Super Joy Box Pro triangle twin PSX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PC006 long V-shaped 4 port PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter  
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Limited Mayflash SuperJoy Box 5 PRO PC039 PS/PS2 Game Controller Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Merge with USB on Digital Pad
| Analogue Hack with Analog Stick
| Opinion 
|- 
| Boom PSX+N64 USB converter (purple or blue see through box) (2003/4) - red led for psx and green led for n64
| 0x6666
| 0x0667
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|not detected by Tests/joystick}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No|Analogue hack }}
| Rumble Pak untested
|-
| [http://www.hkems.com/product/ps2/TrioLinkerPlus2.htm EMS Trio Linker Plus II] 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4753&amp;forum=24&amp;post_id=43102#forumpost43102 ]
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| 1DC 1GC 1PSX but not for ddr mat games 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC043 clone HuiJia Black twin N64 converter for PC USB 
| 0x0e8f
| 0x3013
| 0x0
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|detected by Tests/joystick though two digital pads have their settings wrong}} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{Yes|Analogue hack works well with middle handle/grip little joystick}}
| Rumble Pack untested 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC MagicBox SuperBox 3 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| untested 1SS 1DC 1PSX }
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lik Sang SmartJoy X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0285
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SmartJoy X2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0289
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC018 Super Joy Box 9 Xbox (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work. Hub(s) 0x0288 detected but 0x0289 xbox1 joypads are not detected as hid let alone as [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62940.html xpad] or [http://pingus.seul.org/~grumbel/xboxdrv/ linux xboxdrv driver] 
|-
| TigerGame Mayflash PC019 Super Joy Box 10 Xbox Twin ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x060
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| does not work with the big Fatty Duke or smaller S Akebono controller(s) 
|-
| TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC020 Super Joy Box 11 Xbox Quad ports (NOT 360) 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0604
| 
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{No|shows up as a Genesys Logic Hub}}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;{{No| }}
| 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TigerGame Ltd Mayflash PC035 3 in 1 Magic Joy box PS GC Xbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to NES [http://wiki.nesdev.com/w/index.php/Standard_controller SPI like protocol] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo Classic USB Pad SNES like 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC044 USB to SNES 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB to MEGADRIVE GENESIS Joypad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.retrousb.com/product_info.php?cPath=21&amp;products_id=70 USB to 9 pin ATARI RETROPORT style JOYSTICK PORT] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Atari RetroLink 9pin to SB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SLS Sega Saturn USB pad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB on Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash PC050 Dual Saturn ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guitar Hero for PC/Mac 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1430
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x474C
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cronus Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BrookX One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Gamecube to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash Magic NS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; WiiU 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Brook Converter WiiU P3 P4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CooV Xbox One Converter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Merge with USB Digital Pad--&gt;
| &lt;!--Analogue Hack with Analog Stick--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* [http://www.bemanistyle.com/forum/f6/best-metal-pad-19066/ Metal dance pads with LEDs] - My My Box Blue Shark (Nexen), Cobalt Flux (CF) (Let's Groove), Red Octane Afterburner, TX-2000, Logic3 (Dance Dance Dance), Gamerose (Stay Cool), 
* Hard foam mat - [http://www.mayflash.eu/3in1-deluxe-dansmat-ignition-foam-ps2xboxpc-p-5.html Mayflash] FutureMax Deluxe 3 in 1 Ignition, [http://www.gamerose.com/ Gamerose] (Stay Cool), TrinPad orange, 
* Soft foam mat - Logic3 (PS420N), [http://www.positivegaming.com/index.php?id=36 Positive Gaming Impact],  Gamerose Miss Daisys Naki (Stay Cool), Pelican, MadCatz

*PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 flex ribbon big source of button/trigger issues with all controllers 
*PS2 Phat KSA1Q40A (Board), SA1Q33A (Membrane) SCHP-10010 H 
*PS2 SA1Q42A SCHP-10010 A 
*PS2 SA1Q43-A SCHP-10010 H


The primary axes are either the Control Pad or the left stick. Buttons come in a rough order: face buttons, then shoulder buttons, then Select and Start, then buttons under sticks, and finally Control Pad directions if not assigned to a hat. But the order and number of buttons within a category are unpredictable, as is which button the user expects to use for each action.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Joypad 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | HATS 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 01
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 02
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 03
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 04
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 05
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 06
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 07
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 08
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 09
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 10
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 11
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 12
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 13
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Button 14
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 1 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 2 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 3 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 4 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 5 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; | Axes 6 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; | Comment 
|-
| [https://pineight.com/mw/index.php?title=USB_game_controllers Xbox 360 Wired Controller]
| 
| A (down-green) 
| B (right-red) 
| X (left-blue) 
| Y (up-yellow) 
| LB (white) 
| RB (black) 
| Back
| Start
| Guide 
| L3
| R3
| 
| 
| 
| Left X 
| Left Y
| LT
| Right X
| Right Y 
| RT 
| Poor 2D, Good 3D 
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Gravis GamePad / Original PlayStation Controller 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Red (Sqleft)
| Yellow X (X down)
| Green O (O right)
| Blue (Tri up)
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Older Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Blue X (down) 
| Red O (right) 
| Pink Sq (left) 
| Green Tri (up) 
| L1
| R1
| L2
| R2
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start 
| Stick 1
| Stick 2
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; PlayStation 2 Newer Adapters 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;Up
| Right
| Down
| Left
| L2
| R2
| L1
| R1
| Select
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Start
| Stick 1 (analogue Hack) 
| Stick 2 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; Wish Technologies N64 Adaptoid 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt; A
| C Down
| C Right
| B
| C Left
| C Up
| L
| R
| Start
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;Z
| Pad Up
| Pad Down 
| Pad Left
| Pad Right 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;Stick X
| Stick Y 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--HATS DPAD--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Button 01--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Button 10--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Axes 1--&gt;
| 
| 
| 
|  
|  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- 
|}

Just plug in your digital/analogue joystick or gamepad into USB port. The device will be handled by Poseidon USB stack. Poseidon is the USB stack with Trident adding a GUI (graphical user interface) prefs. 


the context sensitive page would come up right on pressing the help key inside the relevant window. The manual is in this archive, just in case it isn't in SYS:Locale/Help  


*How to change joystick mode to analogue?

By default a connected USB joystick emulates Amiga digital joystick. To change this behaviour so that the joystick is presented as analogue you need to use Trident preferences application (System:Prefs/Trident).

Open Trident and go to Devices on the left hand side (mouse click once on it). Select your controller from the list to the right and then click on Settings button below. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section near the bottom. Find ports which are set to &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot; and change them to &quot;Analogue Hack&quot;. 

Please note that analogue joystick support is an extension of original Amiga functionality, thus an Amiga application must be explicitly written to use it. AROS SDL library uses this functionality, thus all SDL applications that use joystick, can use the analogue joystick feature.

The HID class has several options how to handle the input data: 

* Don't touch: The movement and button data for is not modified by the hid class. This is the default for the ports 0, 2, and 3. 

* Overwrite with USB: This will kill the  original  data  that  might  had  come  from  the internal  ports  and  overwrites it with the joypad data for this USB interface. Note well: If you have multiple  joypads  connected,  take care  which setting you have selected for each port, because only the last interface with this option will actually send the joypad data to the game. 

* Merge with USB: This option merges the input data of the  lowlevel.library  with  the USB  stream. This only works, if the connected device on the original Amiga  ports  is  NOT  a  mouse  (because  then   the   streams   are incompatible).  Merging  should  be  the preferred method, because it leaves the original joysticks working. 

* Disable: Turns off the port for the application.

* Analogue Hack: Tells Poseidon to force reporting  of  analogue  data  at  the  port. Please  note  that  this only works with programs that understand the analogue  data,  because  it's   an   extension   to   the   original lowlevel.library   standard   made  by  Commodore.  If  you  want  to incorporate this feature in your software, just contact me and I will send you the necessary information. 

* Rumble Port: As addition to the analogue data, the HID class  supports  applications and  games  that want to utilize a rumble pack or force feedback motors in the gamepads. This field selects to  which  lowlevel  port  the  hid device responds, when attempting to use the rumble pack. Normally, this corresponds to the port that has  been  set  in  the  actions  for  the joypad.


*How to change joystick port assignment?

The low  level  library  supports up to four ports. Port 0 is usually used by the mouse, port 1 is the standard port for joysticks/joypads. By default a connected USB joystick is present in Port 1. To change its location to Port 0 you need to use Trident preferences. 

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. On the &quot;General&quot; tab find the &quot;Lowlevel Library Joypad Emulation&quot; section. Port 1 should be set as either &quot;Merge with USB&quot; or &quot;Override with USB&quot;. Change this setting to &quot;Don't touch&quot;. Change Port 0 setting to &quot;Merge with USB&quot;.

Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. In the &quot;Reports and collection&quot; select first entry named &quot;Joystick&quot;. in the &quot;Usage items&quot; select &quot;X axis&quot;. Go to &quot;Performed actions&quot; area. On the left there will be a list of triggers. Each of them should have (port1) in their params. Click on the first trigger and using buttons to the right of the list change port1 into port 0. Repeat this for all triggers and for all items on &quot;Usage items&quot; list.


*How to make joystick simulate keyboard keys?

With Poseidon it is possible to make the joystick simulate the keyboard pressings. This might enable using joystick for playing games which only have keyboard support. This feature is configured in Trident preferences.

Open Trident and go to Devices window. Select your controller from the list and then click on Settings button. This will open a new window. Go to &quot;Actions&quot; tab. On the right top window select X axis. On the left bottom list select an entry &quot;Digital Joystick, Push left(port 1)&quot;. On the panel to the right change &quot;Digital joystick&quot; into &quot;Raw Key&quot;. A list of keys will be displayed. Select key you wish to send. Repeat the same procedure for &quot;Digital Joystick, Release left (port 1)&quot; option but this time check &quot;Send key up even instead of key down&quot;. Open shell and move your joystick to the left - your selected letter should appear in the shell. 


*Analogue in Trident Prefs
* Open the Trident USB Prefs -&gt; Devices -&gt; Select your joypad -&gt; Settings button -&gt; Action TAB 
* See some &quot;axis&quot; listed under &quot;Usage items&quot; in the top right of the window. They are your analog stick(s) 
* Check [x] Track Incoming Events which is half way down the window on the left 
And you should see some axis activity in &quot;Usage items&quot; when you move the analog stick 


*Actions

HID class item -&gt; Settings -&gt; HID Class Window -&gt; Action Tab -&gt; Action handling area 

Reports and collections -&gt; Usage Items -&gt; Performed actions 


Qualifier keys are *special*. You don't only need to create the actual keypress but also modify the qualifiers.
Go to the keyboard panel and find the windows menu key by enabling key tracking and pressing the windows menu key. Then assign the right amiga key to it.

Go to the actions panel and find the right amiga key (it's called &quot;Keyboard right GUI&quot;). Remember the actions stored there, best write them down in exact order. Then delete them.
Find the windows menu item and add the missing qualifier action. Be sure the parameters are exactly the same and the order is right.

Set them to Raw, then assign an up and down button for each character, etc.
when you change the settings to RAW so you can assign keyboard strokes. it will always say, KEYDOWN or what ever on the left, it never provides and option for key release.

The problem still remains though that if I try to assign the Directional Pad (Hat) to Arrow Keys, that things will get screwed up and you either can not move with the directional PAD (HAT), or movements are assigned to the Left Analog, and do not work as they should, it's as if the right and down arrow keys are ALWAYS On, regardless of the fact that I did indeed assign a Key release command to each input.

check that by pressing analog directions and see the current values, and the thresholds configured in poseidon to bind them to left/right/up/down.

misconfigured too much stuff in the HID settings, you can always go in poseidon-&gt;config list entry and delete the config item related to your device (or the HID class setting itself), back to basics.


*Rumble in Trident Prefs
Open Trident Prefs and click on the Devices option in the left hand window. Click with the mouse once on your gamepad choice on the right hand side and again on the Settings button below. In the new window, select the '''General''' TAB and half way down on the right there is an &quot;Open Now&quot; button in the section &quot;HID output control window&quot;. Clicking on that button opens another window (HID Control) with sliders for the two rumble engines inside the controllers and you can test if they work. '''Sometimes clicking that button does nothing, other times it will open the window and say nothing is detected.''' The leftmost two sliders do nothing, the third one has a large rumble effect, and the fourth one has a small rumble effect.

===Graphic Drawing Tablet===

There is a standard in HID for tablets possibly mouse type. If the tablet is HID conforming in that sense, it should work. Aiptek does a fairly good job at this. The other competitor, Wacom, didn't pay too much attention to this and simply adapted their legacy serial protocol into HID in a very awkward way. Older Wacom tablets have worked with the special support in the HID class, but not the more recent ones. 

 to use graphic tablets fully, applications need to be written that make use of the AmigaOS NewTablet events (which AROS has) 


* Entry level - A6 (6x4) work area 
* Medium A5 (6x8) A4 (10x7) size   (recommended but only a few ie years 2000 to 2003 models supported) 
* Semi Pro A3 (12x9) 
* Pro  Cintiq


* 2005/6 Some support added for Wacom tablets  
* 2008 Wacom's patent on battery free pens expires


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Micrograf Tabby (late 1980s and early 1990s) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;podscat pt 3030 graphics tablet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Summagraphics 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom IV compatible (Graphire, ArtPad, A3, A4, A5 and PenPartner CT-0405-P - Wacom intuos GD-0405-R) Waycom Digitiser II UD-0608-R
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Artpad II (KT-0405-R) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AceCad boards 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Calcomp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AipTek HyperPen 8000 - Aldi/Medion MD 9310 and Aldi/Tevion LT 9310 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tablet PC penabled 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based like x61t X60t NC4200 NC4400 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Serial RS232 based }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PenPartner
* PenPartner 2
* PenStation 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire - Wacom Tablet ET-0405-U UV1.1-1 (Slate Blue)  ET-0405UL (lime)  (orange)  (red)  (purple) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|late 90s with A6 size - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511 under Trident prefs. Air pen mouse type movements }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Grapphire 2 4x5  ET-0405A-U UV2.0-3 (Steel Blue) 
* Graphire 2 5x7 ET-0507A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0011 and 0x0012
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0110
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 versions - [Wacom Support] of X-axis 00000-10205  Y-AXIS 0000-7421 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air pen mouse type movements - mouse EC-120-0K tested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Graphire 3
* cte-430/w 4x5 pearl   sapphire 
* cte 630 6x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0013 and 0x0014 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0314
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 and A5 size - [Wacom Support] Xaxis 0-10207 yaxis 0-7423 tip pressure 0-511 and the erase end appears to respond but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| Wacom Graphire 4 
* cte-440/B Blue cte 440/s Silver 4x5
* cte-640 6x8 cte 640 u 0403 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0015 and 0x0016 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;403
| {{Yes|A6 and A5 work area detected [Wacom Support] x-axis 0000-10207 Y axis 0000-7423 Tip Pressure 000-511 and delete rub out end of the pencil seems detected but avoid bluetooth BT versions }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom Intuos 4x5 GD-0405 
* Intuos 6x8    GD-0608
* Intuos 9x12    GD-0912
* Intuos 12x12  GD-1212-U 
* Intuos 12x18 GD-1218
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0020 0x0021 0x0022 0x0023 0x0024 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected and responses delivered back - x axis up to 30479 and y axis 31679, tip pressure up to 1023 and x and y tilt up to 127 - Wacom intuos GD-0912-A for Apple Macs NOT SUPPORTED}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 2 4x5 A6 - XD-0405-U 
* Intuos 2 6x8 A5 - xd 0608u uoc
* Intuos 2 9x12 XD-0912-U
* Intuos 2 12x12 XD-1212-U
* Intuos 2 12x18 XD-1218-U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0041 0x0042 0x0043 0x0044 0x0045 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0126
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|various sizes and recognised as [Wacom Support] but not working. x-axis 00000-20319 y-axis 00000-16239 tip presure 0000-1023 x-tilt y-tilt 000-127.  HID mouse xc-100-03 works but never could use it as a real tablet with pressure with TVPaint 3.6 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Intuos 3 4x5 (PTZ-430) 
* Intuos 3 4x6   (PTZ-431W ) 
* Intuos 3 6x8   (PTZ-630 PTZ630) 
* Intuos 3 6x11 (PTZ-631W A3 wide)  
* Intuos 3 9x12 (A4 PTZ-930 PTZ930)  
* Intuos 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;056a
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00b0 0x00b1 0x00b2 0x00b3 0x00b4 0x00b5
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No}} Actions in HID setup window definitively locks the Pointer (mouse) reports settings and even after a clear and save, nothing changes, the configuration returns to default values.  &quot;[Wacom]&quot; reports don't see any events from the tablet, even with &quot;Pointer&quot; reports cleared and save, so is locked a in &quot;mouse&quot; state - but can send a special command to the tablet in order to put it into a special vendor mode. This mode enables Wacom specificities like pressure, tilt, absolute position, buttons, etc... you should send an HID report feature with ReportID=2 and data=2, the current HID class driver doesn't give a way to change that, even using the &quot;initial startup actions&quot; item in the extra collection. No listed features work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Volito - Promethean FT-0405-U06 UV1.4-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0060
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0141
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - appears to be the budget option with some but limited features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Volito 2 
* CTF-??? 2x3 
* CTF-420G CTF-420 V2.0-0 4x5
* Serif Penabled 6742 rebadge of CTF 420/020-B CTF-420/02
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0062
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|A6 work area with [Wacom Support] of x-axis 0000-5103 Y axis 0000-3711 Tip Pressure 000-511. Air and touch mouse movement - no erase function on the end of the pen - nylon nibs value option}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* Wacom PL-400 LCD 
* PL-500
* PL-510
* PL-550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0030 0x0031 0x0032 0x0034 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
* PL-600
* PL-600 SX
* PL-700
* PL-710
* PL-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0033 0x0035 0x0036 0x0037 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Cintiq 21 UX and Cintiq Partner DTF-720
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom PenTablet Bamboo (MTE), Bamboo Craft (CTH), Bamboo Fun (CTE), Bamboo Pen (CTL) and Bamboo Pen &amp; Touch (CTH) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Wacom Bamboo Fun Medium CTE-650 
| 
| 0x0018 
| 
| {{Maybe|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Fun Small CTE-450 white 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo One CTF-430 V2.0-0 CTF 430/S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0069
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A5 wired air pen and acts like a mouse only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 4 
* Small PTK-440 PTK-540
* Medium - PTK-640 - PTK 540WL Wireless - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested  Intuos4 surface sheet was revised in October 2010 to reduce nib wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos 5 Touch 
*
* Medium - PTH-650 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0027 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested work, however wireless may glitch or drag }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro Medium - PTH-651 - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Small Pen Tablet - MTE 450 MTE-450A (MTE-450/k) - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0065
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0116
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 work area - mouse movement but no pen detection except x-axis 2 to -2 and y-axis 2 to -2 - mini usb lead - 4 blue led lit buttons not detected as well as circular touch button??  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bamboo Pen CTL 460
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested all Bamboo versions were criticized for the drawing surface's roughness (which got smoother over time), which caused the small pressure-sensitive 'nib' to wear down, and become slanted or scratchy in the same way as pencil lead, albeit more slowly}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Fun CTH-461/S wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00D2
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0106
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|A6 size - Pen tracking not working but finger touch works }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Bamboo Connect Pen Tablet CTL-470 CTL-470K 470-DE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 470K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom CTH 480/S wireless 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} lithium battery for pad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pen Small CTL-480/S CTL 480 K wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x056A
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x030E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected as Intuos PS  but not working although the RHS blue led responds to pen on tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CTH 490 PK S Photo - CTH-490CK-S Comic - CTH-490AK-S Art 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested lower hovering height pen nibs wear fast and input lag/responsiveness}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intuos Pen &amp; Touch Medium - CTH-680 - USB Wired and Wireless Kit work 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wacom Intuos Pro (PTH-660 and PTH-860) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 10.6&quot;
    Genius G-Pen M609
    Genius G-Pen M609X
    iVista Media Tablet 10.6
    Aiptek MediaTablet 10000u

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0501
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x172F
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0034
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x1105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 12 by 9&quot; 
    Aiptek HyperPen 12000u T-12000U Tablet Series 
    Nisis T-12000u USB Tablet Series Version 1.05 (aiptek rebadged)

    Trust item #1535
    ADESSO Cyber Tablet 12000 Graphic design tablet
    iVista Media Tablet 12
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2003
    Genius G-Pen M712
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0500, 0x08ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0010
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0105
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet, untested with others  - Puck (mouse) x axis 0000 to 6000 y axis 0000 to 6000 - stylus (pen) x axis 00000 to 12000 y axis 00000 to 12000 tip pressure 0000 to 1023 - 16 function keys - AAA battery needed for pen and another for the mouse}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Media Tablet 14.1&quot; v5.1e
    Genius G-Pen M714X
    Aiptek MediaTablet 14000u WMK-H141 
    Trust item #15358
    Adesso CyberTablet 14000 M14
    iVista Media Tablet 14.1
    PENTAGRAM O'pen Wide P 2004

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0X172f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0X0500
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|detected with Nisis/Aiptek functioning as a tablet - Stylus (Pen) X 16838 Y 16838 Tip Pressure 1023 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0038
    Genius G-Pen F509
    Manhattan 177405

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0038
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop PID 0052
    Yiynova MSP19

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0052
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Q Pad
    Aiptek HyperPen Mini
    NGS Flexi Style
    VisTablet PenPad
    iVistaTablet Q Flex Pad
    Bravod Q-PD65-S
    Trust Flex Design Tablet (#16937)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0037
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Sirius Battery Free Tablet
    VisTablet Muse
    PENTAGRAM Designer P 2700
    Princeton PTB-S1BK

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0502
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 12.1&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F610
    Trust Slimline Widescreen Tablet (#16529)
    VisTablet Original 12&quot;
    Adesso CyberTablet Z12
    Adesso CT-Z12A
    PenPower Tooya Pro
    Aiptek Slim 12.1 Inch
    Aiptek SlimTablet 600u Premium II
    NGS Slim Proguess
    iVistaTablet Slim 12.1
    PENTAGRAM ThinType P 2006

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0034
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Slim Tablet 5.8&quot;
    Genius G-Pen F350
    Trust item #16485
    VisTablet Mini
    iVistaTablet Slim 5.8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0032
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Waltop Venus S Tablet
    Trust eBrush Widescreen Tablet (#17939)

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;172f:0503
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Aiptek GmBH MediaTablet Ultimate II - 16:10 Professional Graphic Tablet Model 1400U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hanvon Beijing HanWang HW Micro Drawing Tablet ET0504U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b57
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8030
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;01111
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|does not work - recognised as an HID mouse - no tablet extensions detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KYE EasyPen 340, Genius EasyPen 340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0458:5014
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| Aiptek Hyper Pen 6000u PC Tablet APT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{No|detected but does not work - win98 era cordless 6in by 4.5in - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;nisis T-8000U APT-2 Aiptek rebadge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08CA
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|A5 detected but no responses }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acecad Flair II GT-504 Init Fkt  Fkt 0x5ab450c0
AIPTEK HyperPen 10000 U
Aiptek HyperPen 10000U, 
AIPTEK Slim Tablet U600 Premium II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ace Cad Enterprise Co., Ltd Tablet - 5x3.75 drawing area 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0460
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bosto's 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} UCLogic Digitizer 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Adesso CyberTablet Z7, Adesso CyberTablet 12000, Adesso CT-12000A  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic / Lapazz WP8060, UC-Logic / Lapazz PF1209, UC-Logic / Lapazz Artistic Tablet 5540,   Manhattan 8&quot;x6&quot;, Manhattan 3&quot;x4&quot;, Manhattan
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but suspect not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiPro 5.5×4” Graphics Tablet
Digital Ink Pad (A4 format) 
DigiPro WP8060, DigiPro WP5540,  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-pen
G-Pen 4500
Genius Wizardpen
Genius Mousepen
Genius Easypen i405 M610 
Genius PenSketch 9x12, Genius MousePen i608, Genius MousePen 8x6, Genius MousePen / WizardPen 5x4, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius G-Pen F610
Genius G-Pen M610 
Genius G-Pen 340 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP4030U)
Genius G-Pen 450 (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genius
UC-LOGIC
iBall Tablet PF8060
iBall
Iball Pen Tablet 8060U, Iball Pen Tablet 5540U, Iball Pen Tablet 4030U, Iball Design Tablet PF1209,
NGS CADBOY (UC-LOGIC Tablet WP5540U)
Pentagram
QWare
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust TB-3100
Trust TB-5300 Trust 15356 
Trust TB-6300 Trust 15357  WP8060U  Slimline but bulky with metal backing A5 size 
Trust 16486, Trust 16447,  Sketch Design Tablet,
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|clashes with usb and crashes AROS }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UC-Logic Tablet WP1062
    Aiptek HyperPen 10000U
    Monoprice 10X6.25 Inches Graphic Drawing Tablet
    Pickle 10x6.25 Inch Graphic Drawing tabletguess

| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;5543:0064
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| [ VTech KidiPhoto Art Studio] 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works}}
|-
|}

Tablet has a squared lines of wires which induce a current into the pen which is then detected by the metal grid in the tablet pad. Tablets report pressure (and tilt on expensive models) and are absolute pointing devices (put the pen at the top left and the mouse pointer will go to the top left of the screen). Graphic drawing area, what keys, report rate, resolution lpi lpmm, accuracy, pressure levels (may come from the app), origin position,

Wacom tablets use electromagnetic resonance technology.  Since the tablet provides power to the pen through resonant inductive coupling, no power is required for the pointing device. As a result, no batteries are inside the pen (or the accompanying puck), making them lighter and slimmer.

Under the tablet's surface (or LCD in the case of the Cintiq) is a printed circuit board with a grid of multiple send/receive coils and a magnetic reflector attached behind the grid. In send mode, the tablet generates a close-coupled electromagnetic field (also known as a B-field) at a frequency of 531&amp;nbsp;kHz. This close-coupled field stimulates oscillation in the pen's coil/capacitor (LC) circuit when brought into range of the B-field. Any excess resonant electromagnetic energy is reflected back to the tablet. In receive mode, the energy of the resonant circuit’s oscillations in the pen is detected by the tablet's grid. This information is analyzed by the computer to determine the pen's position, by interpolation and Fourier analysis of the signal intensity.

In addition, the pen communicates information such as pen tip pressure, side-switch status, tip vs. eraser orientation and ID number (to differentiate between different pens, mice, etc.). For example, applying more or less pressure to the tip of the pen changes the value of the pen's timing circuit capacitor. This signal change can be communicated in an analog or digital method. An analog implementation modulates the phase angle of the resonant frequency, while a digital method is communicated to a modulator that distributes the information digitally. The tablet forwards this and other relevant tool information in packets, up to 200 times per second, to the computer.


If you disable (delete all of them except for one that needs to be set to &quot;no action&quot;, so that it will not be regenerated as default) the Extra Startup actions, the tablet should remain in relative mouse mode—you will not get pressure information in that mode though. [http://tech.groups.yahoo.com/group/highway_usb/message/2394]}}


=== Handheld Barcode Scanner Readers ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Farsun 9100 barcode scanner 0-12&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola Symbol LS2203 CMOS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tysso 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Simple}} Code 11, Code 39, Code 93, Code 128, Coda Bar, UPC-A, UPC-E, EAN-8, EAN-13, MSI/Plessey, Telepen, Interleaved 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Matrix 2 of 5 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unitech MS320 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WCS3905 CCD 1&quot; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Code 93, Matrix 2 of 5, Industrial 2 of 5, Code 39, UCC/EAN-128, ISBN, Code 32, EAN/JAN-8 , EAN/JAN-13 , UPC-A, UPC-E, Codabar, Code 128, Code 11, Interleaved 2 of 5, MSI-Plessey, China Post, IATA 2 of 5, ISSN, UK-Plessey 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic Touch 90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intermec  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Metrologic MK9540-32A38 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola LS2208 Laser 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wasp WWS800 Laser 1D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datalogic GD4130-BK-C066 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell 1202G-1USB-5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motorola / Symbol DS6707-DC20007ZZR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DataMan 8000 2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Honeywell Voyager 9520/40 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Metrologic MS1690 USB 2D Barcode Scanner  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} QR Code GS1 Databar PDF417
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Syscan GM800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

[http://www.scandit.com/2011/11/04/types-of-barcodes-choosing-the-right-barcode-type-ean-upc-code128-itf-14-or-code39/ Types of Barcode]

&lt;pre&gt;
UPC-A       Grocery most common 
Code 128    
EAN-13      Library Books ISBN &amp; ISSN, 
Code 39     
Codabar     blood bank,

2D barcodes such as 
Data Matrix 
PDF417e     
Maxicode    
Aztec       
QR Code     old Nokia handsets, 
MicroPDF417 
&lt;/pre&gt;


===TouchScreens===

Projected capacitive (PCAP) touch screen product, amongst many options the widely used are I2C and USB 

*USB host–device structure which dominates consumer and industrial electronics devices where higher bandwidth needed and user-friendly (multiswipes)
*I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit simple serial standard for LCD display in embedded systems because of cost and low power 
*SPI arduino and rpi single boards 

We cover the USB here 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| eGalax Touch 4a
| 0eef 
| 0001 
| 0001
| {{yes|2009 works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lilliput HDMI Monitors
669GL-70NP/C/T (7 inch)
869GL-80NP/C/T (8 inch)
FA1011-NP/C/T (10 inch)
FA1046-NP/C/T (10 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Iilyama Prolite Monitors
PROLITE T1513SR-1 (15 inch)
PROLITE T1730 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1713SR-1 (17 inch)
PROLITE T1913SR-1 (19 inch)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Smart Display Company (SDC) Touchscreens TFT Monitors
TOUCH-TFT-TS07 (7 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS08 (8 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS10 (10 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS12 (12 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS15 (15 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS17 (17 inch)
TOUCH-TFT-TS19W (19 inch wide)
TOUCH-TFT-TS22W (22 inch wide)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC Monitors 7 inch models
700TSH
700TSU
700TSV
702TSV
705TSV
706TSA
700IDT
MDT-X7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XENARC 
8 inch models:
800TSV
805TSV

10 inch models:
1020TSV
1026TSA
1040TS

12 inch models:
1200TS
1200TR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus VT229H 21.5&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CUQI 7&quot; Monitor Touchscreen 1024x600 IPS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Espresso 15&quot; Portable Touchscreen Display Monitor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hannspree HT225HPB 21.5 inch
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WaveShare 13.3inch HDMI LCD (H) (with case)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


===GPS tracking, running, cycling, biking, walking, hiking, ORIENTEERING, boaters and mapping===

Support for OpenStreetMap but not for Ordnance Survey, Map Pilot or National Geographic's Topo maps data gdb,

Data output supported nmea 0183 V1.5 APA, V1.5 XTE and V2.1 GSA formats, gpx, kml/kmz, tracks from tcx files, geo: URIs,  
NMEA0183(which is RS232, voltages range from -15 volts to 15 volts, 4800 baud), or need NMEA sentences connected to your computer

other method that some units support is a special serial cable that actually emits raw RS232 NMEA. These usually take 10-&gt;30 volts input, can run the unit, and have full voltage I/O for RS232 (not like spanner mode, which effectively turns the unit into a USB-&gt;Serial adapter inside the case).

Equivalent apps - merkator, mapsource,

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin gpsmap 180 GPS/chart plotter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;1992 GARMIN GPS 55 AVD Portable System 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - waas pinpoint within 3 metres - nmea - 4AA battery}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 12 12XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Legend C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eMap 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|possibly through usbmodem rs232 connection nmea 0183 protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} rs232 these older units supported it and would provide the stream in either the standard NMEA 0183 format or a proprietary Garmin format.
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPS 75 AVD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Map 7000 model 45006 (1994) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS Tracker
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Pioneer Satellite Navigator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan GPS 300 315 320 Mentor Receiver (2003) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Not for dedicated sat nav units like the Nuvi, TomTom, etc 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NaviLock NL-402U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested u-blox 5 SuperSense® chipset with receivers for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, BeiDou and QZSS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM1-86UB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| U-BLOX UB-6010 GGA,GSA,GSV, RMC and support VTG, GLL, TXT ublox binary and NMEA Command Dynamic Condition }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NAVILOCK GPS NL-602U USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|works via usbmodem.device - ublox ag 6 chipset - 50 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TOPGNSS ton Receiver &amp; Antenna GM702  u-blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|UBLOX7020 chip design bloc u-blox}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-162 G-MOUSE u blox 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|UBX G70xx with RMC VTG GSV TXT GLL GGA GSA}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VK-172 u-blox 7 G7020-KT gps gnss white pen stick receiver - over 1 inch long 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1546 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x01a7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A| detected as cdc controlled plug in device - 18x18x2mm patch antenna but can be slow to update - nmea 0183 and ublox binary protocol}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GlobalSat BU-353 WaterProof USB GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested SiRF Star III}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Haicom HI-206 USB GPS receiver with RS-232 interfaces, RJ11 and PS/II connector EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|usb-serial prolific pl2303 detected but GSP3F SiRF Star IV technology not detected or bound}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BT760Y, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 5 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 6 GPS chipset - 65 channel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 7 GPS chipset}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GM-65 USB GPS Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested Skytraq Venus 8 GPS chipset - 167 channels}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Colorado 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Geko 101 201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} limited waas enabled only - waypoints - aaa battery 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Edge 200 bike mount 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin ForeRunner 10 15 watch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Montana 600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Dakota 10 20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Map76s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 450T  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} USB nmea 0183 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex 10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - no nmea0183 sentences data stream output - configuration an option to set it to &quot;Garmin&quot; mode, or &quot;Mass Storage&quot; mode. Since the mass storage mode seems to be required for waypoint/track/etc data exchange, the 'Garmin' mode would be for this data stream. Yet putting it in that mode doesnt seem to produce anything.}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin Oregon 650T 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSMAP 64S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GPSMap 78S or GPSMap 76CSX which has a NMEA port for talking to Nav equipment
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin eTrex Vista Cx GPS Receiver 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested - 2AA battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Garmin GPSmap 276c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 2000 XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan 3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} SiRFstarIII™, Antenna Type Multidirectional Patch with WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS support 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magellan Triton 400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


==massstorage.class (MSC/UMS - most cameras and mp3 players)==

=== USB Card Readers ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Installing
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Booting
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| A-Tec Model CR-362 
| 
| 
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://www.belkin.com/IWCatProductPage.process?Merchant_Id=&amp;Section_Id=200406&amp;pcount=&amp;Product_Id=179164 Belkin 15 in 1 Card Reader]
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Conrad CP440 60 in 1 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works on a1k forum}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Genesys Gtech Logic 19 in 1
| 0x05E3
| 0x0710
| High 0200
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Hama 19 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Hama 35 in 1 Card Reader 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integral Single Slot SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kingston USB 3.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexar microsd adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} but wider than Sandisk version - could block other slot if below 
|-
| Pretec CardDriver 
|
|
| 
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sandisk MicroMate 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate SD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Micro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} has satisfying 'click' when microsd inserted 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sandisk MobileMate Duo MicroSD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} no 'click' insertion uses pressure so future wear and tear issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena metal cased microsd only 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Serena &quot;Sandisk MobileMate&quot; look-alike 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|Maybe}} hit or miss on quality 
|-
| SilverCrest 16in1 
|
|
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P5 8 in 1 TSRDP5K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Transcend P8 15 in 1 TSRDP8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Zyxel integralmemory 8 in 1 
| 0x0aec
| 0x3260
|  
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| {{no|not detected}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Installing--&gt;
| &lt;!--Booting--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}

=== USB Hard Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Datel MaxDrive 
| 
| 
|  
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck 2.5 Inch USB 3.0 Hard Drive Disk Enclosure/ Case (FE2001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Full USB 3.0 port but plastic teeth keeping drive in place can snap 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE2002) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} full USB 3.0 port - updated design 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Inateck case (FE3001) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} wider USB 3.0 port and no on/off switch  Jmicron JMS578 chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Iomega Desktop Hard Drive 500GB, 3,5“, USB2.0 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Samsung T3 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 1 space grey / black metal/ plastic 
|-
| Samsung T5 SSD 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}} USB 3.1 Gen 2 256GB 512GB alluring blue 1Tb 2Tb black unibody metal 
|-
| Samsung
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Seagate 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Toshiba Canvio 1TB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|partition fat32 or sfs to 100GB max - ntfs partitions not detected out of the box - select usb drive in trident prefs and press disable to shutdown}}
|-
| Verbatim 160GB Smartdisk 
| 
| 
|  
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Western Digital USB 
|
|
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Essential 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;WD Passport 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


=== USB DVD CD ROM Drives ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;12.5mm enclosure mini-sata dvd-rw 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;9.5mm enclosure ECD829 mini-sata dvd-rw with Initio Corporation INIC-1618L SATA 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13fd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested but probably needs sole usb3 port to power it}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== USB to NGFF NVMe SDD HDD DVD CD ROM Drives ===

The older Jmicron JMS539B seems to result in massive filesystem corruption given the amount of corrupted content. Prehaps always avoided Jmicron and opted for Asmedia even if it costed a bit more. Realtek seems to be working okay for me generally speaking and newer Jmicron chipsets are less buggy – but evidently not perfect. 

From [https://goughlui.com/2025/08/17/psa-validate-your-storage-jmicron-jms583-kioxia-bg4-series-ssd-issue/ thread] 

Here is a [https://forums.anandtech.com/threads/stable-nvme-usb-adapter.2572973/ very long thread] that discusses data corruption and stability issues with these bridges. The majority of the posts are complaining of dropouts, hangs and the like, which usually down to either a poor USB 3.x implementation (SuperSpeed connections are very picky as to cables, ports and trace routing) or problematic compatibility. Regardless, the [https://www.legitreviews.com/jmicron-jms583-controller-version-matters-for-portable-usb-drives_219422 JMS583 is known to have several versions] noting that the last revision (C) in that article is a 2021 release which should fix earlier stability and cable quality compatibility issues. 
JMS583-STD-Release-v00.02.01.04-Bus Power.bin is the latest JMS583 firmware as of August 2025. 

Early firmware RTL9210 seems to have issues as well 


* RTL9210B
* JMS583 rev1 with firmware A2 or A3  

* RTL9210A
* JMS583 firmware 2.0.9 
* Asmedia ASM2362

* RTL9201A


The reference Hardware ID for the JMS583 chipset from JMicron is:
VID_152D&amp;PID_0583&amp;REV_0209
where &quot;VID_152D&quot; identifies a JMicron product;
&quot;PID_0583&quot; is the generation chipset;
&quot;REV_0209&quot; is the firmware version installed.

In the same way, the reference Hardware ID for the RTL9210 from Realtek is:
VID_0BDA&amp;PID_9210&amp;REV_3100
&quot;VID_0BDA&quot; is for a Realtek product, &quot;PID_9210&quot; is referred to the chipset and &quot;REV_3100&quot; to the firmware.


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM1153E / ASM1153 with firmware 140509_A1_82_40 or 141126_A1_EE_82. Both supports UASP and TRIM on USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM235CM Ugreen aluminum bridging the USB3.2 Gen2x1 to Serial ATA host interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI 9261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASM225
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS578 issues USB 3.1 Gen.1 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0578
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|needs fixing on pi4 storage quirks}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron JMS576 issues USB 3 to usb-c adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0576
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|orico}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS562 JMicron Technology Corp
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0562
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMS561U
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1561
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with sabrent ec-uasp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VL716Q4 Orico black meshed aluminum usb c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053E 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASmedia ASM1051E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x55aa
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM1053
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x174C
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1536
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asmedia ASM104x
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1B21 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1042 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown Chinese version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0bc2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2312 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMicron N5321 gr
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x152d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xa583
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Initio Corp INIC-1618L mini slimline sata 6 + 7 pins to usb2 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13FD
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0840
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0114
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb2 detects 201x laptop DVD as MassStorage(CD/DVD) but may need powered USB hub}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unknown mini sata to usb3 adaptor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x01F75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0621
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0036 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|sometimes works mini sata to usb3 detects 201x notebook DVD drive as MassStorage(SCSI) but 5V 1.5Amp needs powered hub to burn }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|}


=== External Floppy ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://techtravels.org/amiga/amigablog/ Amiga Floppy Project]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/driver/media/Catweasel_AROS_V1.2 Catweasel Mk4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0xE159
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x00
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|2005 [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=driver/storage works]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Catweazle MK4plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2010  driver for Teac are best, Sony are good, but Mitsumi don't like the Catweasel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://hxc2001.free.fr/floppy_drive_emulator/ HxC Floppy Emulator]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.softpres.org/glossary:kryoflux KyroFlux]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung SFD-321U/EP USB Floppy
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.cbmstuff.com/proddetail.php?prod=SCP SuperCard Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.facebook.com/groups/greaseweazle Greaseweazle STM hardware], [https://cowlark.com/fluxengine/index.html Greaseweasel support], [https://github.com/keirf/greaseweazle python software], [https://amigakit.amiga.store/greaseweazle-p-91279.html buy], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB FLOPPY DISK DRIVE (USB External Floppy Disk) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/SukkoPera/OpenFlops OpenFlops] with [https://github.com/keirf/flashfloppy FlashFloppy] Gotech clone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/hmerrett/HenryFlops HenryFlops reworked OpenFlops] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/tebl/Amiga-DrawBridge DrawBridge aka Arduino Amiga Floppy Disk Reader/Writer] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| arduino based hardware }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FL-2501 USB Portable Diskette Drive  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 usb - [https://amiga.robsmithdev.co.uk/ Drawbridge] [https://github.com/RobSmithDev/ArduinoFloppyDiskReader software] ribbon cable compat with p/n 19308801-19 and s/n U356244 - model ASM P/N 27l4226 and FRU P/N 05k9283 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Floppy Drive Module USB External 3.5&quot; - Teac FD-05PUB 1.44mb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 usb 1.1 
|-
|}


==ptp.class (PTP and MTP - other cameras and mp3 players)==

=== Cameras ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 350D (also known as the Digital Rebel XT/Kiss Digital N) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 DIGIC II processor 8-megapixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot A430 A560 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 400D (XTi) digital SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1000D also known as Rebel XS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2mp 720p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 450D aka Rebel Xsi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 12.2mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot S90 S95 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 2010 720p video - 10Mpixel }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot SD960 IS Digtal ELPH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 Still Image: Exif 2.2 (JPEG), Movie: MOV (Image: H.264; Audio: Linear PCM) Lithium-ion Battery Pack NB-4L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 500D aka Rebel  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 1080p 15.1MP Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 550D 600D aka Rebel T2i T3i DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010-2011 1080p 18MP Lithium LP-E8 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot S100 S110 S120  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011-2013 720p-1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1100D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T3 SLR, EOS Kiss X50 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p 10Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 650D 700D aka Rebel T4i T5i T6i SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2013 1080p 18Mpixels Lithium LP-E8 articulating flip out twistable screen }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon ELPH 300 HS (IXUS 220 HS) 230 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 blogging camera }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon PowerShot N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013  12.1 MP CMOS, DIGIC 5 Wifi Lithium Battery Pack NB-9L }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7 X, G7X-II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014-2016 1080p video 12.1MP and above versions - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 1300D DSLR Camera aka Rebel T6 SLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 1080p 16Mpixels Lithium  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon Powershot G7x G5X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| G7X flip up and G5X flip out - same batteries - no external microphone input - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS M3 M5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| flip out - same batteries - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon EOS 60D 70D 80D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 6D 7D 8D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 5D Mark II III IV DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Canon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix A850
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FujiFilm Finepix F100fd
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji FinePix F810
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xf1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| pocketable exr cmos 12mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt1  x-t1  x10 x-t10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujifilm x100 x100s x100t 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xPro1 xPro2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji xt2 / x-t2 x-t20 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fuji 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoPro HERO 3 HERO4 HERO 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D100, D60
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 Compact flash storage - non interchangeable lenses up to 12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D50, D50x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005  storage - 6.1MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D70, D80, D90 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 Compact flash storage - 10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D40, D40x 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  storage -  10MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D300, D700
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008  storage -  12.3MP sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D2Xs, D2Hs, D3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006-2008  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 720p video unlike D3000 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16mpixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 16.2mp 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L26 L27 L28 L29 L31 Coolpix compact cameras 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video - 2 AA - pocket sized }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3100   
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 720p video 14.2mp}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5100 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16.2mp  720p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon L810 L820 L830 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012  storage - sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7100 D7200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012-2014 up to 24.2mp 1080p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3200  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 1080p 24MPixel}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5200 D5300  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D800 D600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 1080p video sd card storage - dust/oil issue at start}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3300 DSLR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24.2MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D500, a high-performance DX-format (APS-C) DSLR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D3400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D5500 D5600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016-2018 24.1MP 1080p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D810 D610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 1080p video sd card storage }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D7300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4K UHD video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon D900 D850 D820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 4k 46MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nikon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus C-370 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3.2mp }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Camedia C-725 Ultrazoom
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 3mp aa batteries, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 8mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-410 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus Evolt E-510
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 10MP Live MOS sensor with TruePic III processor,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-420
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-520
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10mp, compactflash and xD cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-620
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 12.3mp, compactflash, xD and microdrive cards,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus E-450 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10mp,  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax * ist DS DSLR camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1mp  }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K10D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 10.2mp APS-C CCD no video and older manual Pentax K-mount lenses}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K20D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2008 14.6MP APS-C but no video recording mode }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K30 K-5 II 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 16MP full HD (1080p) recording at 24/25/30 fps}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP 1080p  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24MP  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pentax K-3 III
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 25.7MP BSI CMOS sensor  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix LZ10 LZ20 DMC-LZ30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 720p video }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ1 TZ5  TZ9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix GH1 GH2 like the DMC-GH2HEB-K - GH3 DMC-GH3HEB-K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Four Thirds (GH2)  MFT Micro Four Thirds (GH3) limited to 29mins recording }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic AF series AF100 AF101 AF102 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic Lumix DMC-G2 DMC-G3 G5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic TZ60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic DMC LX7 10 LX15 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GF7 GX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic G80 G85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| micro 4/3 - shooting in MOV or MP4 formats recording limited to sd card size but split files because the FAT32 file system only supports files up 4GB in size, which amounts to around 5 minutes of 4K (100mbps) footage - GH4 appears to create 4GB files as a rule, regardless of whether the memory card’s file system supports larger files or not - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic GH5 gx80 gx85 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Effective: 20.3 Megapixel 5184 x 3888 - 2 sd card slots compatible with high-speed, high capacity UHS-II - sd card v rating like the v90 should record at 60MB/s to be compatible with the GH5 in the All-I format - possible file corruption with .mdt files - new firmware 2.0 update, the Panasonic GH5 becomes the first 5K - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic FZ2000 FZ2500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Panasonic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung WB100 WB1100 WB150 WB2200 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung NX11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung  NX200, NX20, NX1000 and NX210
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 20.3Mp APS-C sized CMOS image sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo Xacti CG65
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sanyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 6.1MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cyber-shot DSC camera models W110 W220 H300 H400 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Alpha DSLR-A230
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 10.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A290 DSLR Camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 14.2MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX20V HX30V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 18mp 720p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony Cybershot HX50V HX60V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 20.2MP 1080p  - steady shot unit / optical block can cause buzzing noise and/or jumping image in lcd / viewfinder - dots are dirt and this voids the warranty }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony A77 A99 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony WX100 WX150 wx220 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 2014 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-6 Sony NEX-7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 16 to 24MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony NEX-3N Sony NEX-5N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 16MP }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α58 Sony α68 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 20.1 MP  2014 24mp }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk III 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1MP 1.0-type back-illuminated Exmor R CMOS sensor, often after boot-up, the motor starts running for no reason for first versions' -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α5000 a5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 20.1 Megapixel APS-C Exmor APS HD CMOS 1080p Sony E-mount [https://github.com/ma1co/Sony-PMCA-RE hack] using [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8M4hR9HiOzM this] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6000 a6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 24MP APS-C sensor }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7S a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α77 II, α99 II, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 24.3 MP,  2016 42.4mp   }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony rx100 mk IV V 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RX0 RX zero, RX0 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 2017 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α6500 a6500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 24.2MP APS-C sensor 4K }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 Alpha 7 II E-mount interchangeable lens mirrorless camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony α7 A7Sii a7r a7c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 mirror less - more compact }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony a7 III α77 ILCE7M3/B Full-Frame Mirrorless Interchangeable-Lens Camera
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 24.2mp,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 24mm optical zoom, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ZV-1F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 entry-level vlogging, 1-inch 20.1MP, ultra-wide 20mm f/2 prime lens}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}

&lt;pre &gt;
Lens Mounts

Canon EF EF-S
Nikon F 
Panasonic 
Olympus OM 
Pentax DA, FA, F, A, M, and K series
Fujifilm X mount 
&lt;/pre &gt;

&lt;pre &gt;
Sensors

APS-C 
S35 
Full Frame 
43 Four Thirds 
M43 MFT Micro four thirds 
&lt;/pre &gt;


=== Digital Voice Recorder Dictaphone Dictation Machine Handheld ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7200
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested 2012 no usb }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-7700 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-8600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-711PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-712PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-731PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus WS-811
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested slide out usb-a - aaa battery - ok recordings }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Olympus VN-540PC Olympus VN-541PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips DVT1250
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX470
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX560
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony ICD-UX570 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


=== USB eBooks Readers drm free EPUB version 2.0.1 (2007), 3.0 (2011), 3.1 (2015) or [https://www.w3.org/TR/epub-33/ 3.3 (2024)] [https://github.com/thansen0/sample-epub-minimal epub examples] formats access ===

EPUB file format is an open standard based on XHTML for content and XML for metadata, contained in a zip file archive 

PDF v2.0 in 2017, 2009 takeover by ISO Org, 1.7 in 2006 , 1.6 in 2005, 1.4 in 2001, 1.3 in 1999, 1.0 in 1993 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch NST BNRV300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;when finding the right micro usb cable that works, internal nook memory not accessible but sd card fat32 readable and writable outside 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 6in 600x800 e-ink 16 grayscale .jpg}} battery remove sd card and Torx T5 back top for Cameron Sino CS-BNR003SL - USA 1.2.2 md5sum 351e26527e80156183e74be2da2ce89f *nook_1_2_update.zip - 1.2.1 UK fdba3981f7f221cc5143db6329645bc2 *nook_1_2_update.zip - skip registration, Turn on the device, but do NOT start setting it up. Hold down the top right button on the front of the device and slide your finger from left to right across the top of the E Ink screen. A ‘Factory’ button should appear in the top left corner of the screen. Press it. Once in the Factory menu, hold down the top right button on the front of the device and tap the bottom right corner of the screen should now see a ‘Skip Oobe’ button. Tap that and the Nook should finally load the home screen. Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Barnes and Noble Nook Simple Touch with Glowlight 
*2012 Nook Simple Touch with GlowLight BNRV350 
*2013 Nook GlowLight BNRV500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2080
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004 0x0007 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2012 untested }} perform a hard reset: Turn off the nook completely, turn it on, as soon as you see the screen flash begin holding the bottom page turn buttons until the screen flashes with a message asking reset, press the 'n' key twice to start the reset - Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nook Glowlight 4 Plus 7.8-inch screen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} Poor battery management - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*NOOK 1st Edition (2009-2018) BNRZ100
*NOOK Color (2010-2024) BNRV200
*NOOK Tablet (8GB/16GB) (2011-2024) BNTV250A / BNTV250
*NOOK HD (2012-2024) BNTV400 
*NOOK HD+ (2012-2024) BNTV600 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 511EB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;045e:ffff
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 untested Preferences-&gt;advanced-&gt;debug device detection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://jaforeck.wordpress.com/2012/08/05/ready-to-meet-viktor-navorski-gained-access-to-elonex-621ebs-terminal-52/ Elonex 621EB] eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1f85
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;unlocked ootb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested usb mini charging 6&quot; diagonal eInk Screen - 800 x 600 pixels, 8 Level 166dpi Paperlike screen, Embedded 1GB Flash NAND, full SD Card Slot up to 16GB - WAV, MP3, JPG, PNG, BMP, GIF support and ePub and PDF(with reflow) (TXT, HTML) support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elonex 700eb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2011 untested adjust screen blanking by menu then settings then device standby, you can then turn it off}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story HD eBook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }} freescale imx.508 arm mcimx508cvkbb cpu with 2gb samsung nand, m13892aj charging chip, eb07_main_mp1_110321 mobo, mini usb, atheros ar61026 wifi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRiver Story 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Rakuten Touch A/B	kobo3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Touch C, Kobo Mini, Kobo Glo N613, Kobo Aura HD N514 N204	kobo4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura, Kobo Aura H2O, kobo5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2013 6in untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v1, Kobo Glo HD, Kobo Touch 2.0, Kobo Aura ONE N709, Kobo Aura ONE Limited Edition, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v1 N236,	kobo6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Aura H2O Edition 2 v2, Kobo Aura Edition 2 v2, Kobo Nia, Kobo Clara HD, Kobo Forma, Kobo Libra H2O	kobo7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kobo Elipsa, Kobo Sage	kobo8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Kobo Libra 2  kobo9, Kobo Clara 2E	kobo10, Kobo Elipsa 2E	kobo11
*Kobo Libra Colour	kobo13, Kobo Clara BW, Kobo Clara Colour	kobo12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pandigital Personal eReader aka? Papyre 6.2 very similar to BQ Avant Firmware
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 300 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS 350 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2009 epub bbeb cbz untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PRS-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K1 D00111 - Main Menu=: Settings: Menu=: Device Info shows S/N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;256mb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2007 untested Marvell Xscale PXA255}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle K2, D00511 170-1012-00, D00701 D00801 S11S01B  
* k2 means K2 US
* k2i means K2 GW
* dx means KDX US
* dxi means KDX GW
* dxg means KDX Graphite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2010 untested Freescale i.MX31 }} the Kindle is a small computer running Linux 2.6 on an ARM processor
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AMAZON Kindle D00901 3rd Gen with keyboard - Menu, Settings for S/N and then Menu again to choose Update 
* S/N starts B006 means k3g aka K3 3G US 
* S/N starts B008 means k3w aka K3 WiFi 
* S/N starts B00A means k3gb aka K3 3G UK EU 
 - debug mode with ;debugON and ~help
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;{{yes|4Gb internal no access until jailbroken JB}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 with mobi and azw3 formats only - micro usb 5v 0.85a - freescale i.mx35 ARM soc with 12bit parallel interface with epson e-ink cpu, 256MB synchronous dynamic RAM, 4GB eMMC internal memory only but no sd slot, MC13892 PMIC - atheros wifi 54mbit pci-e a e keyed wifi - ?? later models wm96103 audio codec - display has 2Mbit serial memory ic on ribbon cable with 4bpp inverse grayscale display not touchscreen - 3g module - screen replacement really annoying - 4 test points near T07 = TX RX GND ? - as of 2025, JB v0.13.N, MKK2014, MKK2025, KUAL, KoReader Legacy2025, and maybe later SS v0.47.N, Python 0.14.N, Fonts v5.16.N, USBNet v0.57.N - USB-downloader mode when Vol+ is pressed during startup - Shift + Alt + M for Minesweeper - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle 4th Generation k4 D01100 two buttons, square movement and two buttons at bottom 
*B00E 
plastic back clipped in [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV1dyNkjjro many places] and strongly taped down to battery cover 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb unless jb with USB MS, USBMS aka also known as USB MSC or UMS
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 once back off use Torx T5 to remove battery cover screws - battery glued down S2011-001-A 515-1058-01 DR-A015 MC-265360 - Freescale i.MX508 SOC, 2Gb eMMC storage, 256MiB of LPDDR1, MC13892 PMIC - vendor modified u-boot imximage based on u-boot v2009.08 - USB-downloader mode press the fiveway down button during startup resetmykindle - as of 2025 upgrade firmware from 4.1.x and to 4.1.4, sign into account and copy jb.1.8 bits, mkk-2014, mkk-2025, kual and then uninstall kual, koreader2025 - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5th Gen) D01200 K5, KT
*Once signed into an Amazon Account get S/N under Settings -&gt; Device Options
*B00F 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (U.S. and Canada) [Mostly]
*B011 	Kindle Touch WiFi (Kindle 5)
*B010 	Kindle Touch 3G + WiFi (Kindle 5) (Europe) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb unless jb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 touchscreen i.MX508 SOC, 256MiB of LPDDR1 and USB-downloader mode by the SOC microcode when a specific key is pressed during startup: the home button on model D01200 - update firmware 5.3.2 to 5.3.7.3, access account, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] PW 
&lt;pre&gt;
B024 	Kindle PaperWhite WiFi 
B01B 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
B020 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Brazil) 
B01C 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Canada)
B01D 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Europe)
B01F 	Kindle PaperWhite 3G + WiFi (Japan)
&lt;/pre&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0007
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 Freescale i.MX508 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 2 (2013) PW2 
*B0D4, 90D4 WiFi (U.S., Intl.) 
*B05A, 905A WiFi (Japan)
*B0D5, 90D5 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B0D6, 90D6 3G + WiFi (Canada] 
*B0D7, 90D7 3G + WiFi (Europe)
*B0D8, 90D8 3G + WiFi (Russia)
*B0F2, 90F2 3G + WiFi (Japan)
*B017, 9017 WiFi (4GB) (U.S., Intl.)
*B060, 9060 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Europe)
*B062, 9062 3G + WiFi (4GB) (U.S.) [Mostly]
*B05F, 905F 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Canada)
*B061, 9061 3G + WiFi (4GB) (Brazil) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0009
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;2gb or 4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| PW2 uses Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 3 PW3 i.e. Kindle 7th gen 
*G090G1 (2015) WiFi 
*G090G2 (2015) 3G + WiFi (U.S.) [Mostly] 
*G090G4 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Mexico)
*G090G5 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Europe, Australia) 
*G090G6 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Canada)
*G090G7 (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KB (2015) WiFi 
*G090KC (2015) 3G + WiFi (Japan) 
*G090KE (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090KF (2016) 3G + WiFi (International) White 
*G090LK (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) 
*G090LL (2016) WiFi, 32GB (Japan) White 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000A
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;4gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ease up glued down front bezel rim panel gently, remove 11 screws underneath and lift screen up from bottom end - battery underneath -  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle PaperWhite 4 (2018) PW4
*G000PP, G8S0PP WiFi, 8GB
*G000T6, G8S0T6 WiFi, 32GB
*G000T1  WiFi+4G, 32GB
*G000T2  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Europe)
*G00102  WiFi, 8GB (India)
*G000T3  WiFi+4G, 32GB (Japan)
*G0016T, G8S16T WiFi, 8GB Twilight Blue
*G0016Q, G8S16Q WiFi, 32GB Twilight Blue
*G0016U  WiFi, 8GB Plum
*G0016V, G8S16V WiFi, 8GB Sage 
*G00103  WiFi, 32GB (India) 
*G0016R  WiFi, 32GB Plum
*G0016S  WiFi, 32GB Sage 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000B
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;100
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Freescale/NXP i.MX6 SoloLite }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Oasis 2 and 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| NXP i.MX7D  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8110  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle 11 Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;8gb or 16gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| MediaTek MT8113 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16gb or 32gb
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kindle Paperwhite Gen 11 and 12 - Signature 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1949
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;16Gb or 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 account not blocked,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/Modos-Labs Modos Labs] open source e-ink 60Hz 75Hz caster controller and glider monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xteink X3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.xteink.com Xteink X4] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 4.3in 220ppi no touchscreen so [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7RuokaVauo buttons navigation] - 650mAh battery - micro-sd slot up to 512Gb covering epub, txt, and jpg in directories with [https://github.com/crosspoint-reader crosspoint reader] esp32 cpu custom rom firmware using [https://xteink.dve.al/ Flash website] on usb-c but no ecosystem store 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Access
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon D01400 Kindle Fire (1st Generation) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 too old }} android 2.3 and touchscreen digitizer fails often, battery SWE P/N 1002000004742 Model KC1 (EU) QP01 (US) 16.28whr, ti 257epl9l omap 4430 with elpida 88164b3pf-10-f88164b3pf or hynix,  mobo ??,, DAOKC1MB8F0 Rev F, ti aic3110 audio codec, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Fire 7in X43260 X43Z60 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested FireOS Android 4 omap 4460 and PowerVR SGX540}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Fire HD (3rd Gen) P48WVB4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD10 (2015) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2015)	
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2015)	(5th Generation) 7 inch 8GB SV98LN 
*Amazon Fire HD7 (2014)	
*Amazon Fire HD6 (2014) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested android 5.1 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10 (2017) 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2017) 7th Gen 8 inch SX034OT 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2017) (7th Generation) 7 inch 16GB (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 (7th Generation) 7 inch 8GB WIFI Tablet (SR043KL) 
*Amazon Fire HD8 (2016)	
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| Android 5.1 max 7in screen resolution of 1024 x 600, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
*Amazon Fire 10/10+ (2021) 
*Amazon Fire 8/8+ (2020) 
*Amazon Fire 10 (2019) 
*Amazon Fire 7 (2019) 
*Amazon Kindle Fire 7 9th Gen 16GB M8S26G 
*Amazon Fire 8 (2018) 8th Gen 8 inch 32GB L5S83A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 9 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
*Amazon Fire HD 10 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire Max 11 (2023)	
*Amazon Fire 8 (2022)	
*Amazon Fire 7 (2022)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| android 11 max}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Kindle Scribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Minimal Phone, Mudita Kompakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| eink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B751C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2022 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B7 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme B6
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android based color eink small - 300dpi b/w 150ppi color -}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bigme Hibreak Pro, Hisense A9
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| e-ink}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iFlyTech AINote 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meebook 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Page Palma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 android untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf3C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go Color 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 untested 7in e-ink e-reader android tablet }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx BooxTab Ultra X C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Note Max Air4 C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Leaf5C
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Poke6S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox MC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| color e-ink 13.3in }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Boox Go 10.3 (Gen 2) Lumi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 b/w eink with front light, no EMR annd capacitance pen,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onyx Moaan Pantone 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2021 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable Paper Pro Move 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2024 untested but subscriptions needed for some features }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 untested but subscriptions needed for some features}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;reMarkable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A5 X2 Manta
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote A6 X2 Nomad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Supernote 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Vision 2 3 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tolino Epos2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viwoods AI Paper and AI Paper Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Access--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==printer.class==

As the only printer driver that AROS supports natively is Postscript, our focus is on applications that generally output postscript formatted data for printing purposes. 
There has been an attempt at recent AirPrint support 

*Inkjet 


*Laser 


Start simple and then test every higher level...

* can if you ping your printer (the IP addy is good)?
* set up LPR/IPP to talk to that known good IP address.
* see if you can copy a few words of plain ASCII text to the IPP/LPR device (do you have a connection)?
* see if you can find a simple postscript file and then copy it to the IPP/LPR device.
* see if you can set up to print directly to the IPP/LPR device (set &quot;Output file&quot; to PRT: or LPR:).
* see if you can set up a PS printer config to the IPP/LPR device.
* go back and try the tests with the other driver (LPR or IPP).


See [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_drive7.htm here] for compatibility with TP7 (TurboPrint 7) Last update 2004. Not tested under emulation. Janus-UAE, Emumiga, Amiberry etc 


usbparallel.device

untested with USB-&gt;Centronics - The printer.class is rather 'clever'. It remembers to which unit the printers were connected (until you reboot). So if you first plug in Printer1, it gets unit 0, and Printer2 gets unit 1. If you now remove both printers and replug Printer2, it still will get unit 1 and not 0. This is used not to confuse the programs using the different units (moreover, if some program uses the usbparallel.device unit of an USB printer, and the printer is unplugged, the device unit cannot be freed immediately as the application still keeps it open). 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Beige cream D shape centronics end (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002v1 centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Belkin F5U002VEA v2 centronics end (Prolific PL2305L chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| DYNAMODE USB-C-PP-1284 USB to 36pin (Prolific 2305 chipset) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 0x02
| {{N/A|untested but similar to BAFO below}}
|-
| IOGear GUC1284B 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| My-Link (raised ellipse on centronics plastic end) (unknown chipset) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but more expensive }}
|-
| NEWLink (Prolific chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Targus PA096E centronics end (chipset?) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| TRENDnet ware TU-P1284
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| True PnP (Prolific chipset 2305) cheap 36pin Centronics (series of ridges along both short sides) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305
| 2.00
| {{N/A|untested on BAFO BF-1284 but reports of poor quality and lack of support on other OSs }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| Transparent See Through Blue 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested but possible poor quality build }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-PARALLEL 25pin female (prolific) 
| 0x067b
| 0x2305 
| 0x02 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FDL USB to 25pin 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| PlusKom USB to 25pin female connector for printer (IEEE 1284) 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| QinHeng Electronics (CH340S chipset) 
| 0x1a86
| 0x7584
| 
| {{N/A|untested curvy sides - flat top }}
|-
| StarTech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Syba SD-USB-DB25 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


Postscript interpreters (eg ghostscript) have been developed as a cheaper option which sit in between postscript data streams and non postscript printers.

Ghostscript has internal printer drivers

 gs -h

and with something like

 gs -sDEVICE=stcolor -r300 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile gs813:examples/tiger.ps
 copytopar ram:tempfile

It checks if in RAM: exists a outputfile (Cinnamon can export to PS postscript) then it sends this via copytopar to the printer. There was only support for parport (parallel) but Terminillis added support for USB and ethernet. A big issue with using ghostscript for drivers is that data has to originate as postscript (.PS) file.

 gs -dSAFER -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=ljet4 -sOutputFile=RAM:tempfile RAM:file.pdf

the ljet4 output device generates PCL

also the pxlmono driver, which generates more generic PXL (PCL 6)

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pswrite -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER testpage-a4.ps &gt; test.pdf

 gs -q -sstdout=%stderr -sDEVICE=pxlmono -sOutputFile=- -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -dPARANOIDSAFER test.pdf &gt; test.pxl


Printers supported by ghostscript...Explanation [http://freebooks.by.ru/view/RedHatLinux6Unleashed/rhl6u151.htm here] or [http://www.gnu.org/software/ghostscript/devices.html here] and [http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~ghost/doc/printer.htm here]

&lt;pre&gt;
bit            cljet5          ljet4d          pjxl300         pxlcolor
bitcmyk        cljet5c         ljetplus        pkm             pxlmono
bitrgb         deskjet         nullpage        pkmraw          stp
bj10e          djet500         pbm             pksm            tiff12nc
bj200          epswrite        pbmraw          pksmraw         tiff24nc
bjc600         faxg3           pcx16           png16           tiffcrle
bjc800         faxg32d         pcx24b          png16m          tiffg3
bmp16          faxg4           pcx256          png256          tiffg32d
bmp16m         ijs             pcxcmyk         pnggray         tiffg4
bmp256         jpeg            pcxgray         pngmono         tifflzw
bmp32b         jpeggray        pcxmono         pnm             tiffpack
bmpgray        laserjet        pdfwrite        pnmraw          uniprint
bmpmono        lj5gray         pgm             ppm             x11
bmpsep1        lj5mono         pgmraw          ppmraw          x11alpha
bmpsep8        ljet2p          pgnm            psgray          x11cmyk
cdeskjet       ljet3           pgnmraw         psmono          x11gray2
cdj550         ljet3d          pj              psrgb           x11gray4
cdjcolor       ljet4           pjxl            pswrite         x11mono
cdjmono
&lt;/pre&gt;


==rawwrap.class - some old flatbed scanners supported==

Scandal is the MUI frontend to [http://www.ppa.pl/bugtracker/ Betascan Bugtracker] and [http://aminet.net/search?query=betascan Search for Betascan scanner drivers] derived from [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html sane backends] 


[http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-EPSON2 Epson2] 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Expression 1600 1640XL 1680 10000XL
| 0x04b8
| 0x0107 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Prefection 1200U, 1200 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0104
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 1240U
| 0x04b8
| 0x010b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{[https://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=45760&amp;forum=25 works]|Needs 24V 0.8A psu but in Trident, click on &quot;Classes&quot;, then on &quot;rawwrap.class&quot;, then on &quot;Configure&quot;. There, under &quot;Global&quot;, activate the Option &quot;Bind to Vendor/Unknown Interfaces&quot;. Now go to the second tab &quot;Default Interface&quot; and select/enter these values: 
Default usbraw.device Unit: 0
Exclusive access: Yes
Out NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In NAK Timeout: 20000ms
In Buffer Mode: No buffering
Buffer Size: 36 KB
Short Reads Terminate: Yes
Now click on &quot;Use as Default&quot; and select &quot;Devices&quot; on the left. There, click on your scanner and click on &quot;Class Scan&quot;. Now close Trident by clicking on &quot;Save&quot;. }}
|-
| Perfection 1640SU Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x010a
| 0x0104
| {{yes|works, even the transparency unit}}
|-
| Perfection 1650 Photo, 1660 Photo, 3200 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x011c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 2400 Photo, 2450 Photo 
| 0x04b8
| 0x011b 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection 4870 Photo, 4990 Photo, 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0128
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Perfection V700 V750 Photo
| 0x04b8
| 0x012c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus CX2800 2900 3200 3500 3600 3650 3700 3800 3900

Stylus CX4100 4200 3500 4600 4700 4800 4900 500 5100 5200 5300 5400 5900
| 0x04b8 
| 0x0802 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Stylus Office BX300F USB 
| 0x04b8
| 0x0848
| 
| {{yes| works with good scan quality}}
|-
|}


[http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx] scanners based on the Grandtech GT-6801 and GT-6816 &quot;System-On-Chip&quot; scanner chipsets 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Artec Ultima 2000 and e+, Trust Flat Scan USB 19200 (ePlus2k.usb / Gt680xfw.usb) 
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Genius Colorpage Vivid3x 4x 1200x
| 0x0458
| 0x2011 to 0x201f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexmark	X70	also X73 [http://subfusion.net/drivers/oslo3071b2.usb OSLO3071b2.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x043d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x002d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Medion/Lifetec/Tevion/Cytron MD/LT 9375 and Artec Ultima 2000, MD LT 9385 Gt680xfw.usb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05d8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| BearPaw 2448 CS and TA Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A2Nfw.usb A2Nfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  }}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 CS 
| 0x055f
| 0x021e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/A1fw.usb A1fw.usb])}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek 1200 CU Plus Scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend PS1Dfw.usb / SBSfw.usb]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2000 }}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1200 UB plus, Trust Compact Scan USB 19200, ScanMagic 1200 UB Plus
| 0x05d8
| 0x4002 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/sbfw.usb sbfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek ScanExpress 1248 UB aka PC-World PC Line PCL-3000 
| 0x055f
| 0x021f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ([http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/firmware/SBSfw.usb SBSfw.usb])}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 2400CS TA aka Goodmans GSC 12/24
| 0x055f
| 0x0218
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (Transparency adapter untested) }}
|-
| BearPaw 2400 CS aka TA Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x0219
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Transparency adapter) }}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 1200 Plus
| 0x055f
| 0x021c or 0x021b 
| 0x0
| {{yes|works - [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ firmware required] but slow usb 1.1 speed with poor quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Packard Bell Diamond 2400 Plus aka BearPaw 2400 CU Plus [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ PS2Dfw2.usb firmware rename to PS2Dfw.usb]
| 0x055f
| 0x021d 
| 1.00
| {{yes|works slow usb 1.1 speed with ok quality output (scanner fault not scandal)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticPro 1248U
| 0x07B3
| 0x0400 0x0401
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| (ccd548.fw)}}
|-
| Plustek OpticSlim 2400
| 0x07b3
| 0x0422
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (cis3R5B1.fw)}}
|-
| Visioneer OneTouch 7300
| 0x04a7
| 0x0444
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  (Cis3r5b1.fw)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mustek ScanEpress 1200 UB (Plus) clone [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/ use mustek_usb backend]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x055f
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0006
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Lexmark - needs testing
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Lexmark X1110 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1140
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1150 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1170 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1180 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Lexmark X1185
| 0x043d
| 0x007c
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Lexmark X12xx 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested in USB1.1, not fully tested in USB2.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dell A920 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


HP - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| HP ScanJet 4100C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0101
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 5200C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0401
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 62X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0201
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP ScanJet 63X0C
| 0x03f0 
| 0x0601
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP  
| 0x03f0
| 0x0102, 0x0105, 0x0205, 0x0305, 0x0405
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x0705, 0x0805, 0x0901, 0x0a01
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| HP
| 0x03f0
| 0x1205, 0x1305, 0x2005, 0x2205
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Plustek [http://www.sane-project.org/sane-backends.html#S-PLUSTEK LM983x] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Plustek OticPro U12 UT12 UT16 U24 UT24
| 0x07B3
| 0x0010 to 0x0017
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| KYE/Genius Colorpage HR6-V2 HR6A HR7 HR7LE HR6X
| 0x0458
| 0x2008 to 0x2016 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Hewlett-Packard ScanJet 2100C and 2200C
| 0x03F0
| 0x0505 and 0x0605
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mustek BearPaw 1200 and 2400 
| 0x0400 	
| 0x1000 and 0x1001
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| UMAX 3400/3450 and 5400 	
| 0x1606
| 0x0050, 0x0060 and 0x0160 
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1250 and 1260
| 0x04B8
| 0x010f and 0x011d
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| CANON CanoScan N650/656U N1220U D660U N670/676U N1240U LIDE20 LIDE25 LIDE30
| 0x04A9
| 0x2206 to 0x2220
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


[http://snapscan.sourceforge.net/ SnapScan] - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Acer Benq 310U, 320U, 340U
| 0x4a5
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 620U, 620UT, 640U, 640UT
| 0x4a5
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Acer Benq 1240 3300 4300
| 0x4a5
| 0x020
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Agfa SnapScan e10 e20 e25 e26 e40 e42 e50 e52
| 0x06bd
| 0x20
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 660
| 0x04b8
| 0x0114
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 1270 1670
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 2480 2580
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Epson Perfection 3490 3590
| 0x04b8
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Mitsubishi
| 0x0
| 0x0
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}

==hub.class (self-powered and external ac powered hubs)==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dynamode USB-H41 4 ports 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Belkin 4 Port 
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| Conrad
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|[http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 works on a1k forum] }}
|-
| DLink DUB-H4 AC Adapter 
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| High 0200
| {{maybe|WARNING Genesys Logic Hub Broken - Will cause failures with USB}}
|-
| [http://service.targa.co.uk/faq.php?lang_id=2&amp;baseid=178&amp;artdesc=SilverCrest+USB+Hub+2040&amp;artid=760&amp;artpic=silvercrestHUB2040.jpg SilverCrest 4-port slim USB 2.0 HUB - HUB2040 (40775) - Targa GmbH]
| 0x05e3
| 0x0608
| 0901
| {{yes|works  Genesys Logic, Inc., [http://service.targa.co.uk/dokumente/USB_HUB_2040_0109_manual_EN.pdf Manual]}}
|-
| Skymaster
| 0x05e3
| 0x0605
| 060B
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| No Name active 4-port
| 0x1a40
| 0x0101
| 0111
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thinkpad USB 3.0 Dock DU9019D1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17e9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x4302
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0014
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|works a bit}} classed as dfu.class with two further USB 2.0 hubs - USB 3.0 ports detected and work (2.0 backwards compatibility) - DisplayLink DL-3900 with VIA VL811 chipset - usb ethernet not working - two dvi not working - 20V psu 2a (40w) with a 5.5 - 2.5mm tip (no bus power) - data through a-b printer/scanner usb lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


==Internet==

===rndis.class USB Tethering ===

The rndis class provides support for Ethernet access over Remote NDIS. Most USB based devices should be supported including smartfones.

Before opening Network Prefs, activate USB Tethering on the Smartfon, on Network prefs, type in usbrndis.device and tick &quot;Start Network during system boot&quot; and saved the configuration, the Connection is immediate no reboot is needed.

When restart AROS my Smartphone deactivates the connection and to access the network again, have to reactivate it before starting the browser.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alcatel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| Huawei U8800
| 0x12d1
| 0x1039
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Huawei
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| HTC (Android phone)
| 0x0bb4
| 0x0ffe
| 
| {{Yes|any android phone with usb tethering option}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nokia 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oppo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft winPhone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


===USB &amp;rarr; ethernet lan adaptor===

*2002 playstation 2 usb1.1 era - a little support but very old and slow 
*2006 wii asix era - a little support but very much miss than hit 
*2026 usb0: or eth0: of CDC Ethernet protocol (cdcether) with Ethernet Control Model (ECM) and [https://www.usb.org/document-library/class-definitions-communication-devices-12 others like Wireless Mobile Communication Devices WMC] and later CDC EEM (Ethernet Emulation Model) and NCM (Network Control Model) are USB Communication Device Class (CDC) protocols packing more Ethernet traffic over every USB bundle. For CDC Ethernet - NCM is better than EEM is better than ECM 


* USB1.1 Up to 010 meg broadband (1.25MBytes/s) - ADM8511, DM9601 poor speeds 
* USB2.0 Up to 400 meg broadband (60MBytes/s) - MCS7830, AX88772 a little especially the 2010 apple version but buy many as very very poor odds of working one 
* USB3.0 Over 400 meg broadband (60+MBytes/s) - not supported at the moment 


SANA (Standard Amiga Network Architecture) to usb 

ADMtek Infineon ADM8511 Pegasus II (USB 1.1 and 10Mbit/s - Sony PlayStation 2 network adapter) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| 3Com 3c460b 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Abocom UFE1000 / Abocom DSB650TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Accton USB320-EC / Accton SpeedStream Ethernet
| 0x083a
| 0x0320
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|2002 }}
|-
| AEI USB Fast Ethernet / Allied Telesyn AT-USB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2002 }}
|-
| ATEN UC-110T
| 0x0557
| 0x4000
|
| {{unk|2001 }}
|-
| BAFO USB To Ethernet Adapter BF-310
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v1 1101 
| 0x050D
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{maybe|2002 sometimes works from old amiga.org post which is now removed}}
|-
| Belkin F5D5050 v2 2101
| 0x050D
| 0x0121
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2006 does not works}} 
|-
| Belkin F5U122-PC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USB-100 / Billionton USBLP-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Billionton USBEL-100 / Billionton USBE-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Compex LinkPort/UE202A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-H3ETX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DSB-650 / D-Link DSB-650TX / D-Link DSB-650TX-PNA
| 0x2001
| 0x4000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| D-Link DU-E10 / D-Link DU-E100
| 0x2001
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Edimax USB Ethernet Adapter EU-4201 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Elsa AG MicroLink USB2 Lan Ethernet adapter
| 0x05cc
| 0x3000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GetNet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| GIGABYTE GN-BR402W Wireless Router
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway Fellowes USB UE-120 REV:V1 UE120 ADMTek 1011594 HO2419741 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07a6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0986
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2001 USB Specification 1.1 compliant}} 
|-
| GWC Tech USB Ethernet Adapter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hawking UF100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| HP HN210E / I/O DATA USB ETTX / Kingston KNU101TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Jinco USB Ethernet Adapter 10/100 Base-T UE-110
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Kouwell USB to Ethernet 588A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Linksys USB10T / TA / TX
| 0x066b
| 0x2202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|untested - possible peg1/peg2}}
|-
| Linksys (Cisco) USB100TX / H1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitec LAN-TX/U1 H2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.mayflash.com/psps2/ps2024/ps2024.htm Mayflash PS2024] Playstation2 compatible clone of Proxim/Farallon NetLine?
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|works with DHCP router option on old 32bit distros but not on newer 64bit, best to go asixeth apple 2010 but buy many of them as poor success rate i.e. a lottery}}
|-
| Netgear FA101
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Philips CPWUE01/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Planet UE-9500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| PlayStation 2 SCPH-10000 50000 models 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Proxim (formerly Farallon) NetLine USB PN796-650
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Siemens SpeedStream USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SOHOware NUB100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| SMC EZNET-USB 2202USB/ETH / SMC 2206USB/ETH
| 0x0707
| 0x0100 0x0200 0x0201
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{unk|untested but should work very well }}
|-
| Surecom EP-1427X 100/10M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Target USB to 10/100M Fast Ethernet Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-ET100C
| 0x07a6
| 0x8511 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| {{yes| sometimes works well, very stable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus USB NIC DN-3016-A 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8513
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested new chipset }}
|-
| Digitus lanusb ADM8515
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{unk|untested because new chipset }}
|-
| VE285 usblan ADMtek 8515 
| 0x07a6
| 0x8515
| 1.01
| {{no|not working as new chipset }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


Davicom DM9601 eth (USB 1.1 and up to 10Mbit/s) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Davicom USB-100 see clone below 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2001 }}
|-
| [http://wiki.maemo.org/USB_to_ethernet_networking chinese translucent transparent crystal blue] but variants are also found in clear, white and black. Just over 6&amp;nbsp;cm long. 
| 0x0a46
| 0x9601
| 0x0
| {{yes|2002 success can be sporadic so technically okay, but lacking in reliability. Out of 4 tested by me, only 2 worked. One case cracked open. }}
|-
| Corega FEther USB-TXC
| 0x07aa
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Dynamode USB-NIC-1427-100
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Hirose USB-100
| 0x0a47
| 0x9601
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| KY-RS9600
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585358&amp;postcount=12 works] }}
|-
| ShanTou ST268 USB NIC
| 0x0a46
| 0x0268
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| ZT6688 USB NIC 
| 0x0a46
| 0x6688
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ICS Advent DM9601 USB 2.0 10/100M Ethenet Adaptor JP1081B 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FE6
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9700
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0101
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|not working 32bit and 64bit - USB 1.1 10M ethernet}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


MosChip MCS7830 (USB 2)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Digitus DN-10050
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2004 }}
|-
| Edimax [http://www.edimax.co.uk/images/Image/datasheet/USB/EU-4206/EU-4206.pdf EU-4206]
|
| 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2005 }}
|-
| Speed Dragon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| STLabs 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| StarTech Compact USB2105S [http://www.kustompcs.co.uk/acatalog/info_6790.html USB2106S]
| 0x9710
| 0x7830
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| Sunrich Technologies [http://www.st-lab.com/admin/upfile/UploadFile/manual/manual(u-250).zip U-250]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 }}
|-
| Syba 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MCS 7832 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


* USB2 [https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet Asix Ethernet] AX88178A, AX88772C, AX88772B, AX88772A (wii), AX88172A 
* USB3 AX88179A, AX88179  

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AirLink101 AGIGAUSB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009  AX88172}}
|-
| ATEN UC210T 
| 0x0557
| 0x2009
| 0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88172}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Billionton Systems USB2AR
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08dd
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x90ff
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Buffalo LUA-U2-KTX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0411
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x003d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;corega FEther USB2-TX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07aa
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0017
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| }}
|-
| D-Link DUB-E100 up to rev A4
| 0x2001
| 0x1a00
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;D-Link DUB-E100 rev B1 onwards 
| 0x07d1 or 0x2001 
| 0x3c05
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|AX88172 works on Deneb with [http://amigax.com/2010/02/21/usb-ethernet-speed-test-amigaos-4-0-classic/ Amiga OS4 Classic] and [http://www.a1k.org/forum/showthread.php?t=11432 on a1k] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;goodway corp USB gwusb2e
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1631
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6200
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hawking UF200 
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[Linksys USB200M] 
| 0x077b
| 0x2226
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585601&amp;postcount=20 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Netgear FA120 
| 0x0846 
| 0x1040
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested 2002 10/100 Rev.B1&quot; is silkscreened on the board of the device populating this entry (S/N: FA12254CB100409, date code 0508). This device may be manuf. by [http://www.cameo.com.tw/ Cameo] &quot;AX88172 L&quot;, &quot;F05040157&quot;, and &quot;ED3&quot; Chip1 ASIX AX88172  Chip2 Realtek RTL8201BL}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intellinet
| 0x0b95 
| 0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JVC MP-PRX1 Port Replicator
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x04f1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3008
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ST Lab USB Ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sitecom LN-029 &quot;USB 2.0 10/100 Ethernet adapter&quot;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x6189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x182d
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Surecom EP-1427X-2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1189
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0893
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v2
| 0x07b8
| 0x420a 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|version 2}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;A-LINK NA1GU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLink101 ASOHOUSB Wii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AirLive EtherWe-1000U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE AX88772 Model No. A1277 MC704LL/A P/N 825-7098-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2008  usb2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;APPLE Model No. A1277 (MB442Z/A 0885909217434) MC704ZM/A PN 825-7579-A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1402
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|2010 model, usb2 and controller AX88772 where prehaps 1in3 units working with owb - really poor odds i.e. a lottery, could be situation where various ethernet phy chipsets are used - press Use in network prefs after Save initial setup typing in usbasixeth.device, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASIX AX88772 bulbous casing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 works on 32bit and 64bit though setup can take a few attempts but may have issues with phy ethernet chip changing,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Datel Wii Lan Adapter DUS0204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4207 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goodway HE2230 Maplin ASIX 88772 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Intec LAN G5626 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0202
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LevelOne USB-0301
| 0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB200M Rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x13b1
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0018
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2008 sparsely randomly working AX88772 or with &quot;Sana-II Meter Tool 37.11&quot; network monitoring program, showing continuous &quot;Bad Packet&quot; errors which could means &quot;CRC&quot; errors}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Linksys USB300M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{maybe|2009 AX88772  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mayflash W001 or clones Lupo/PEGA S-Wii-0680 light gray rectangular with third of one top 45 degree angled slope
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| may have randomly changed phy ethernet chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Max Value MVF00446 ASIN B006EG568A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises as AX88772 sometimes works on 32bit and 64bit}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink N14050 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NEWLink Wii-ETH USB2.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nintendo Wii LAN Adaptor 2110566 and clones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x07720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Poseidon recognises as AX88772 with usbasixeth.device sometimes works seems different ethernet phy chips can be matched affecting compatibility}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nyko Wii Net Connect 87024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=585624&amp;postcount=22 works] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;0Q0 cable ethernet
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1557
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E100 (2009/2010) Bulbous housing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7720 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|Trident prefs recognises it as ax88772A and typing in usbasixeth.device sometimes works}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SpeedLink SL-3401-SGY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen 20254 USB2 to 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88772}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Afunta Apple-style White USB2.0 I/O Crest SY-ADA24005 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX88772A Fast Ethernet Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|usbasixeth.device accepted by network prefs but does not work}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amazon Basics USB 2.0 AX88772A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digitus DN-10050-1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x0 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edimax EU-4230  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772a
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent KINAMAX NT-USB20 AX88772A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; AX88772B USB 2.0 to 10/100M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EdiMax EU-4208 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x772b
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|Detected but not working}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB2100 ASIX AX88772C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772D AX88772D]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.asix.com.tw/en/product/USBEthernet/High-Speed_USB_Ethernet/AX88772E AX88772E]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0B95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2004 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB2-E1000 i.e. USB 2.0 to Gigabit Ethernet 10/100/1000 LAN 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 ASIX AX88178 Controller and Realtek RTL8211CL PHY}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AX88178A USB 2.0 to 10/100/1000M Gigabit Ethernet controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AmazonBasics USB3.0 adapter [https://github.com/nothingstopsme/AX88179_178A_Linux_Driver AX88179] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cable Matters SuperSpeed USB 3.0 RJ45 adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hori Nintendo Switch 1 USB3 ethernet AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2020 ASIX AX88179 not binding to class, USB 3.2 Gen1 to Gigabit Ethernet controller with integrated 10/100/1000Mbps Gigabit Ethernet PHY}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable AX88179 = [https://plugable.com/products/usb3-e1000-deal USB3-E1000] before mid-2023 or USB3-E1000; AX88179A = USBC-E1000 after mid-2023
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  controller is AX88179 phy is ??, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTW ax88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| AX88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000NDS AX88179 USB-A
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC301AU AX88179 USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech US1GC30B2 AX88179A USB-c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB32000SPT AX88179A USB-c Rev 1 (AX88179) Rev 2 (AX88179A) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB32000SPT the Lot code sticker will have a bar code accompanied by a 10 digit number. The 5th and 6th digits of this lot code number would signify the revision. (Ex. xxxx02xxxx which would indicate rev. 2)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SYBA SY-ADA24029 Gigabit AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} may depend on the PHY chip connected to the controller chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TP-Link UE306 AX88179 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® Orico UL677G 10/100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet® UL688G USB 3.0 10/100/1000 Base-T Ethernet port 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AX88179 178A 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tecknet UL699G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TrendNet TU2-ET100 v6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07b8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|no support }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen 50922 USB3-A to 100/1000 dark grey rounded barrels 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| ax88179 not binding to asixeth.class, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGreen USB3-C to 100/1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;uGreen CR111 20256 usb3 a black plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| AX88179}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plugable USB3-E1000 USBC-E1000 after mid-2023 i.e. AX88179A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech USB31000SPTB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0b95
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1790
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  AX88179A USB-A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;  AX88179B
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==USB  &amp;rarr; SerialPort Converter==

*2002 some support for early revisions of PL2303 
*2005 Prolific PL2303H PL-2303X and Pl-2303HX (same usb ids as pl2303) no support 
*2025 FTDI 232R [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1135&amp;highlight=232r&amp;rowstart=20 work in progress] 
*2026 CDC-ACM i.e. Serial port over USB standard 

serialpl2303.class make sure you specify serialpl2303.device or Echo &quot;Test&quot; &gt;SER1: 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| ATEN UC-232A 
| 0x0557 
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0300
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOGear GUC232A 
| 0x0557  
| 0x2008 
| Full 0x0110
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Alcatel 
| 0x11f7 
| 0x02df 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| BAFO BF-810 
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Belkin F5U103 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Davibe SP611 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Dcu10 
| 0x0731
| 0x0528
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Elcom 
| 0x056e
| 0x5003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| IOData 
| 0x04bb 
| 0x0a03 
| 0x0
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Itegno 
| 0x0eba
| 0x1080
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Nokia CA42 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Radioshack 
| 0x1453
| 0x4026
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Ratoc 
| 0x0584
| 0xb000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Samsung 
| 0x04e8
| 0x8001
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Siemens DCA-510 
| 0x067B 
| 0x2303 
| 0x0 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN104
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Sitecom CN116 
| 0x6189
| 0x2068
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Some Cut Ma620 
| 0x0df7
| 0x0620
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Speed Dragon Multimedia MS3303H 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| Syntech 
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|- 
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tripp 
| 0x2478
| 0x2008
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Airlink101 AC-USBS
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Belkin F5U103v
| 0x067B  
| 0x2303 
| 0x0
| {{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Dynamode U232-P9
| 0x067B
| 0x2303
| 300
| {{no| no driver [http://koti.mbnet.fi/lonnberg/pl2303x.html linux patch] and using lsusb -v -d 067b:2303 gave bMaxPacketSize as 64 - pl2303x }}
|- 
| Konig CABLE-146/2 USB to RS232 
| 0x067b
| 0x2303
| 400
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| MANHATTAN 205146 USB to Serial Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|- 
| Sabrent SBT-USC1M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trendnet TU-59
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded black case and lead USB 232 Converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x067B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2303
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0300
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
|}


[http://www.ftdichip.com/index.html Future Technology Devices International Ltd FTDI]-FT232R.class [https://ftdichip.com/software-examples/code-examples/c-builder/ FTProg src], [http://rtr.ca/ft232r/ ft232r src], [https://ftdichip.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/DS_FT232R.pdf FT232R datasheet], [], 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x6001 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1GE-gKgHxZI beware of cheap clones fake with s/n A50285BI SN]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx Astro FTDI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232R 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sabrent CB-FTDI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|no driver TTL-232R cables use FTDI's [http://n1mm.hamdocs.com/tiki-index.php?page=USB+Interface+Devices FT232RQ ic device] }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Startech.com 1 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 DB9M Adapter Cable with COM Retention ICUSB2321F 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL Chipset
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech.com 2 Port FTDI USB to Serial RS232 Adapter Cable ICUSB2322F
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0403
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FTDI FT2232D Chipset
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} FT232RL is the SSOP-28 and the FT232RQ is the QFN-32 package option 
|}


[https://www.onetransistor.eu/2017/08/ch341a-mini-programmer-schematic.html ch341a.class] 

*I2C EEPROMS (3.3V and 5V) compatible and also SPI FLASH memories (3.3V devices) making sure 1.8V is covered  
*each having their own [https://winraid.level1techs.com/t/guide-how-to-use-a-ch341a-spi-programmer-flasher-with-pictures/33041 4x2 connection blocks] using [https://github.com/flashrom/flashrom flashrom] 

 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -r backup.bin
 sudo flashrom --programmer ch341a_spi -w &lt;new bios name&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Jiangsu QinHeng Ltd CH341A emulate UART communication, standard parallel port, memory parallel port and synchronous serial (I2C, SPI) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5512
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;QinHeng USB2.0-Serial HL-340 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x7523
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0252
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|}


==simplemidi.class and CAMD==

Currently support includes 

* simplemidi.class SimpleMidi maps some keyboard keys to corresponding computer keys as used by music trackers to emulate a musical keyboard 
* camdusbmidi.class follows the rules of the m68k implementation of Commodore's CAMD midi specification and usb class compliant 

for 

* usb host like a computer, pi, etc 
* usb device controllers - keyboards, drum machines, djay turntables, grooveboxes, etc 
* interfaces - cables or boxes which convert usb to 5pin DIN plug midi 


What is needed is a fully class-compliant '''brand name''' USB MIDI keyboard, especially manufactured in the last 15 years are best 

*Arturia
*Novation
*M-Audio
*Akai

Plugging this in one of your USB ports, the camd.library will make the keyboard's MIDI IN/OUT ports available in the system. 

Then select the keyboard's MIDI IN port (known as a &quot;cluster&quot; in CAMD) for input, and the software instrument's cluster as output 


ShowCluster (shows midi ports available in and out)

MidiWatch (usually port usbmidi.in.0 less often usbmidi.out.0) (Ctrl-C to end output stream) 
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOn  90  39  08  00
 usbmidi.in.0 Message on channel 01, NoteOff 80  39  00  00

MidiThru (forwards messages from one port to another)
 run &gt;nil: c:midithru usbmidi.out.0 usbmidi.out.2 

MidiSendC (sends a middle C to a specific port)


Midi Controller + Sound Module (together aka as a synth) -&gt; Audio Output 


The difference between midi and midi over USB is that in old school Midi the transmitter transmits whenever it wants and the receiver always has to be prepared to receive data. Easy to do at the rate of a 1990's modem speed these days.

USB over midi.. turns midi into a polled protocol.. So the USB host (typically the computer) has to ask &quot;do you have anything for me&quot; before the remote will send. If the USB host gets busy doing other things or there is a lot of things on the USB bus to get polled, you can get delays.

For its age midi is still a great protocol for music

* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/midi10.pdf USBIF's &quot;USB Device Class Definition for MIDI Devices&quot; document, version 1.0 from Nov 1, 1999]
* [https://www.usb.org/sites/default/files/USB%20MIDI%20v2_0.pdf MIDI v2.0 from 2020 which AROS still needs, adds support for MIDI 2.0, MIDI-CI, and Universal MIDI Packet] 

Nearly all synthesizers now use the 16 MIDI channels available on a MIDI bus in one instrument alone, requiring multiple MIDI busses in a typical setup with more than
one MIDI instrument. In addition, by handling multiple &quot;virtual&quot; cables, USB offers a solution to go beyond MIDI's 16-channel limit. 

MIDI data is transferred over USB using 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packets. These packets provide an efficient method to transfer multiple MIDI streams with fixed length messages. The 32-bit USB-MIDI Event Packet allows multiple &quot;virtual MIDI cables&quot; routed over the same USB endpoint. This approach minimizes the number of required endpoints. It also makes parsing MIDI events easier by packetizing the separate bytes of a MIDI event into one parsed USB-MIDI event. 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Computer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Yes|which acts as USB midi host to get all usb devices talking together}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hobbytronics usb host standalone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bomebox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://neuma.studio/rpi-as-midi-host/ raspberry pi] with several midi interface(s) and linux scripting 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton MIDI USB Host mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;25%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acorn Instruments Masterkey 49 device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested usb powered 5V regulated - similar keybed to keystation 49es but unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai SynthStation 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 - sticky rubber keys - usb 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Laptop Production Keyboard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09e8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x007c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and camd usb to use, not tested with apps}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 25 mini key self powered by mini USB lead - sustain port - no top left corner joystick - tested icaros 2.3 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai LPK25 LPK37 LPK49 Laptop Production Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested velocity sensitive mini keys with synth action - weak mini USB port - latency issues -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional APC Key 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested 49 key 49-key full-sized, semi-weighted keyboard with aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Max25 MAX49 control keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPK249 MPK261 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB2 USB-b - full keys semi-weighted aftertouch - midi in out - sustain and peddle port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional Advance 49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini MKII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - 4 way thumb joystick top left - 25 tiny keys - velocity drum pads - plastic build quality - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AKAI Professional APC Key 25 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini Play
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 untested USB2 USB-b midi connection only - synth basic samples - class compliant? - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button then use the &quot;Program&quot; knob to assign a MIDI channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai MPK Mini 3 MKIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x09E8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1049 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 USB2 USB-b midi controller connection no 5pin legacy - small led display top centre - 25 mini keys goofy uneven feel of the akai keyboards - press and hold the &quot;Prog Select&quot; button and press pad 1 to 8 to assign a MIDI channel - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Force / MPC One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro MPK Mini Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested 37 mini keys - class compliant device - usb-b bus powered only with 5pin midi in and out - Shift and Global for Midi Ch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Pro Ableton Push Mk 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai Professional MPC Key 37 49 61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested USB2 usb-b
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Photon PH-25 X25 Midi &amp; USB keyboard/synth
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi keyboard controller  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Q88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Coda Pro Portable 88-Key Digital Piano USB MIDI Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VI49 VI61 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis VX49 VX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 1 5-pin MIDI input, 1 5-pin MIDI output, 1 USB port,
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Q25 Q49 Q61 Mk2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Recital 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis V25 V49 V61 MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Qmini portable 32-key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;audiothingies MicroMonsta 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019  synth - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Analog Experience “The Player” USB MIDI Master Keyboard Model APE25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb-b bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab MkII Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 32 mini keys  usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed - reset Press and hold Oct + and Oct – buttons then insert the USB cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2209 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class -  - midi in out untested - }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 USB2 usb-b bus power - metal base heavier than most - Shift and press a key to select the MIDI Channel - To reset to original factory, unplug the USB cable, hold down the Oct- and Oct + buttons, plug the USB cable back in and continue to hold the buttons until the pads turn white - need software to change parameters like velocity sensitive assistance - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK2 MKII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MicroFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 hybrid digital/analog synthesis, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeYIAfn3UMs Arturia Minilab 3] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/chj1WgMupGw ] [https://www.youtube.com/shorts/FMVdfhzg1Dw ]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 untested usb-c bus powered - 25 mini keys semi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Keystep Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniLab 3 Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe class complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFreak
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab Essential 49 61 88 mk3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested usb-c and 1 midi out - lack of aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AstroLab 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia KeyLab MK3 MKIII 61 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 untested hammer-action Fatar keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMX61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control UMX490 UMX610 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Control 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Swing 32-Key
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MOTOR 49 - 49-Key USB/MIDI Master Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU Xboard 25 E-MU X-Board 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key Mkey 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 stops sending MIDI on a regular basis. The simplest &quot;fix&quot; is to flip it off and on via the power switch at the back
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Ukey U-Key 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME Xkey 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 low-profile aluminium  full size pressure sensitive with polyphonic aftertouch but keys make too much noise and that they can be too sensitive to velocity - low power draw 25ma 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME M-Key 49 V2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 simplified version of the U-key Mobiltone 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME XKEY AIR 37
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cme xkey 37 le
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner Spaceline DMK-25 Donnerdeal Rantion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Donner DMK25 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  25 mini velocity keys with limited aftertouch - usb-c powered - 8 drum pads - 3.5mm &quot;midi out&quot; socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitakt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 expensive later midi usb class compliant with since 1.5 Update
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elecktron Digitone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Digitone Keys 37-key Digital FM Synthesizer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Analog Four MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron Octatrak MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{ | }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 25xt
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected and usb driver working}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 bus powered or 12v 0.5a dc in - metal base so heavy - midi out 5pin - sustain pedal port - modulation slider - rubber coated knobs becomes sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI keycontrol 49xt 61xt 88xt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2702
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 12v 0.5a center pin +ve external psu required - USB i/o and 1 legacy 5pin out - full sized keys - heavy aluminium case keyboard metal base - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-125 MK-149
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution MK-225C MK-249C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 9v 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution USB/Midi Controller MK-425C MK-449C MK-461C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|25, 49, 61 keys -  }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  9V or 12V - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 37 full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys Pro Mobile
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 25 or 37 mini keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 mini velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 2 PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 full velocity keys no aftertouch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig Keys 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kawai VPC 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; weighted keys - heavy build - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen Instruments K-Board
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? each keypad makes them velocity, pressure, and location sensitive but  not really suited for piano playing 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keith McMillen  BopPad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; omni class compliant to all channels? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg NanoKontrol 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;mini usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Prophecy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KORG microKONTROL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 velocity-sensitive Natural Touch keys but  joystick is an alternative to the common pitch/modulation wheel design - power draw - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg nanoKey nanoPad 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Taktile 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg microKEY2 25 37 49 61 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB powered - semi weighted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MiniList 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg MinKey nanoPad nanoPad 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Nautilus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 7 series - Artis 7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;fatar TP-8 semi-weighted action  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kurzweil PC3 A8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Mobile keys 25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Tone Port KB37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Midiman (later M-Audio) Oxygen8 Ozone Ozonic 25 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|not class compliant - untested 5pin legacy }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 2004 - 25 full keys - slider/fader to left of lcd display - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;m-audio oxygen keystation (61 key) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio eKeys 37 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered and 12v psu - if sliders/faders are on right - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 8v2, 49, 61 (silver) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37e 49e, 61e MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - ok key action - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 37es 49se 61es, 88es MK1 MKI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25/49/61/88 (blue) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 [https://m-audio.com/products/view/oxygen-25-legacy advised Class-compliant and GM/GM2/XG SysEx messages] with full size velocity sensitive 12v psu - sending random pitchbend info - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom 25, 49, 61 (2nd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 semi-weighted mini keys - bus powered and 9v psu for 25/49 and 12v for 61 - if sliders/faders are on left - legacy midi 5pin - chunky unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Axiom Pro 25, 49, 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 poor construction 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Axiom AIR 25 M-Audio Axiom Air Mini 32
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 III (3rd Gen) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 untested - usb only - rubber keys sticky - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Keyrig 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - mini usb - plays a few notes and then stops responding randomly - try plugging it into port 1 or 2 on your pc - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 49 MK2 II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 USB port and class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation 61 MK3 MKIII MIDI keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 usb compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen 25 IV
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016  choice 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio CTRL-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio ProKeys 88, 88sx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Keystation Mini 32 MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 mini usb - some power or incompatibility issue with the native USB ports of the laptop, plugged in a passive USB 2.0 HUB (not USB 3.0, not powered)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3328SvuJsLw M-Audio Oxygen25 MKV]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0763
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0023
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected audio class and bindings with camdusbmidi.class  - midi in out untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 25 full size semi keys - USB2 usb-b but no 5pin classic plugs - channel select SHIFT button and CHANNEL on keybed - plastic build - holding down both the Octave + and - for factory reset -  more limited in what you can do with it than IV 4th one - tested on AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 untested semi full keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Oxygen Pro Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 32 smaller keys - not endless encoders - usb only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Hammer 88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Moog Minitaur 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-VAVE SMK-25mini 25key MIDI Control Keyboard Y6I0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Primus A25 JamMate 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK1 MKI
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol S88 S61 S49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 - weighted keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkII MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 all MK2 MK3 power up the keyboard using USB, it will set the keyboards MIDI port to computer MIDI only without any option to set it to use the MIDI DIN, meaning you cannot connect the keyboard to hardware and power from USB, you MUST power with the power adapter and physically unplug from any USB connection - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol A25 A49 A61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe compliant,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/sikorak666/maschine-mikro-mk3-driver Native Instruments Maschine Micro Mikro Plus MK3 MKIII]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Kontrol M32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 untested 32 smaller keys - no drum pads - USB only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Kontrol S49 S61 S88 MkIII MK3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik iBoard 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact LX25+ LX49+ LX61+ LX88+ SE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 budget full-size velocity-sensitive synth-action keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Impact GX49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; USB port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P4 P6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  USB &amp; USB Micro B, 5-pin MIDI out, 2 x TRS inputs with 49 semi-weighted, velocity sensitive with aftertouch
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar SE25 SE49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; mini keys - micro usb bus powered - velocity and sustain button 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama P6 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Panorama T6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nord Stage 3 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; sysex 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 lhs XY touchpad and the joystick -
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not USB class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMote 25SL 49SL 61SL soft label 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 - two long top liquid-crystal display LCD strips - XY touchpad and the joystick - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation ReMOTE 25LE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Yes|detected, usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 USB-b powered, 9v center pin positive or 6 MN1500 AA batteries - X/Y touchpad and the combined pitch and modulation joystick - no aftertouch but can use both the legacy MIDI OUT and USB port simultaneously 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Nocturn 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 untested sending random pitchbend info
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 49 61 SL MkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 semi-weighted Fatar TP-8 or TP-9 keybed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation MiniNova 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Impulse 25 49 61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 velocity aftertouch‑sensitive semi-weighted keyboards and eight backlit pads -  USB, 5-pin MIDI out - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Circuit Tracks / Rhythm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 49 61 88 MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 USB class compliant - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation Launchpad Mini MK2 MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested 8x8 buttons with 16 backlit
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK2 MKII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 rotary wheels lhs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey 25 37 49 61 88 MK3 MKIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 USB class compliant choice - full keys - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation LaunchKey Mini MK3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 untested - 25 soft mini keys - 2 sliders lhs -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation 61SL Mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nymphes Dreadbox 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6 voice analog synth
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oberheim MC 2000 EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 88 keys fully weighted - very heavy - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus ATOM SQ Hybrid MIDI Keyboard/Pad
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://polyend.com/tracker/ Polyend Tracker]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 USB MIDI keyboard controller 49-key
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland EDIROL PCR-M30 PCR-M50 PCR-M80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol PCR-30 PCR-50 PCR-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 untested 32 key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-50 PC-80
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PCR-500 PCR-800
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 61 velocity-sensitive keys with aftertouch 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 USB port - weighted keys velocity no aftertouch - class compliant with press FUNCTION so it is lit. Press the key labelled &quot;ADV.&quot;, Press the &quot;+&quot; button so it is lit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland PC-200 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 some had fatar keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-707 Groovebox
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland MC-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-500 A500Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-300 A300Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland JUNO DS, FA, Fantom, JUPITER X / Xm 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 (be sure that USB driver is set to &quot;Generic&quot; - requires device rebooting) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A-88 a-49 MKii MK2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 expensive with USB-c port - hammer-action keyboard weighted keys - Class-compliant if  USB-C enables bus power - MIDI 2.0 later - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLI Seaboard RISE 25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Graphite 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Carbon 49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sequential TAKE 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK-161 and VMK-161 Plus Organ version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed - usb midi in out - 9v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL990XP midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic VMK176 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;USB and midi connectivity
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL880 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic SL73 SL88 Studio midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; hammer-action Fatar TP semi-weighted keys 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numa Organ 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 73 key TP-8O action is the unweighted, organ-style waterfall keybed used in nearly all clonewheels 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Studiologic Numacompact 2/2x, Numa X Piano
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero CommandKey49 CommandKey25 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SZ-MiniCommand Mini-Command USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero SPC61 MIDI Controller
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; bus powered - 5 octave 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SubZero ControlKey49S 49 Key Slim MIDI Controller Keyboard
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Synido TempoKey K25
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 25 mini keys - usb-c powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Winterbloom Sol 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Worlde Panda 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha KX8 KX49 KX61 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha CMC-PD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P45B P-45 Digital Piano 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha P-115 midi controller  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 untested weighted keys - USB midi port 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 should compliant untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Montage, CP73/88, YC, MODX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha PSR-E353, PSR-E443
PSR-S670, PSR-S770, PSR-S970, PSR-A3000, TYROS-5
NP-12, NP-32
DGX-650, DGX-660
P-105, P-115, P-255
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha MX49 II V2 Black Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi keyboard controller 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DJM V10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; dj 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Kontrol DJ Pro midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; detected but untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Numark Mixtrack Pro II USB DJ Controller Djay 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;older generation pioneer DDJ-SX2 dj 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-22 AL22c  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum AL-88 Schneidersladen AL88c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alyseum U3-88c Midi Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no CopperLan support Midi network using a UTP Ethernet patch cable) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer BCF2000 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.behringer.com/EN/home.aspx Behringer] BCR2000 1in 2out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B-CONTROL DEEJAY BCD3000 DJ Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMD404 UMD202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative EMU 0404/USB midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DigiDesign / Focusrite Command 8 Control Surface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 supports MIDI continuous controller (CC) and note data. SysEx dumping and loading is also supported  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 002
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Digi 003
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009   firewire only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;emagic m4 2x4 AMT8 Unitor 8 Mk2  8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x00d0
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x010 0x0103
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) - 12v 2a psu centre pos - usb mini with rs232 and rs422 serial ports - 16 channels (8-in / 8-out), this rack-mountable unit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Evolution U-Control UC-16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| detected}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Guillemot Maxi Studio ISIS Vintage Sound Card MIDI Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.ucapps.de/mbhp_usb.html MidiBox] Hardware Platform USB Module
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Control Universal Pro XT with One Two Extenders 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Audiophile USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO old version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio MidiMan 1x1 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  [http://sourceforge.net/projects/linux-hotplug/ firmware update]
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 2x2 yellowy green blue, green or silver chassis plastic box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|MIDISPORT 2x2 or 4x4 interfaces from previous production series (blue, green or silver chassis) are not class-compliant}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MAudio Audiosport Quattro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant as [http://usb-midi-fw.sourceforge.net/ firmware required and that is buggy], 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio UC-33
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 1x1 2x2 4x4 Anniversary Edition, black box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=52920 Mark of the Unicorn Motu Fastlane] 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=560852&amp;postcount=8 not working on OS4]}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu Micro Lite 1x1 and MOTU microlite 5x5 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; good unit but poor just plug in support and not class compliant - USB2 usb-b - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu MIDI Express 128 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;poor support serial port only - offers MTS (Midi Time Stamping) A serial port based MIDI interface or a USB interface without MTS will have a MIDI slop of up to 2ms on record and playback. MTS provides accuracy for record and playback to around .3ms - five times more accurate than serial or non-MTS.&quot; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU.com MIDI Express XT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 for many USB should have octocoupled connection to reduce groundloop humm, usually the timing is off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU MIDI Timepiece AV 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not class compliant is one of the best multi-port MIDI interfaces ever made as USB model connects to the computer as an 8x16 interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments GmbH Audio 8 DJ, 4 DJ, 2 DJ
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|needs dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qcon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|did not match to camdusbmidi.class USB audio midi with onboard DSP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Corp Edirol UM-2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0005
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|is not bound via camdusbmidi.class }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not bound to any midi class - 2x2 - tested Aros One USb 2.4 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-100G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 USB audio midi with onboard DSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-880 8x8 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 under poseidon but could work with run &gt;nil: c:midithru out.0 &quot;EDIROL UM-880.out.2&quot;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1 blue plastic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Unk| bound??? via camdusbmidi.class - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 UM-1 -  1-in/1-out (16 channels) 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1S
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 1-in/1-out (16 channels)
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2E
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1X midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2001 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-1SX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0052
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0200
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|do not have the Advanced Driver Switch on them}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2C - 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-1G 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol Cakewalk UM-2G 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/spotify/linux/blob/master/sound/usb/usbquirks.h Roland Edirol UA20 UA-20] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-1EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UM-2EX 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005  adds a second MIDI OUT
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk UM-3G - 3x3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Cakewalk ua-25excw 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not class compliant mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://alsa.opensrc.org/Edirol_UA-25EX Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Cakewalk UA25 EX] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|detected but not working}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus B2M Bass MIDI Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sonuus G2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg CMC Series 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Subzero SZ-MB44 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swisssonic MIDI1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 AmigaOS there is no output at midichannel one and two but if play a midi file there is only output on some channels and if pressed stop the prog freezes or the whole system crashes
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-428 US-422 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2000 not compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam [http://web.archive.org/web/*/http://www.tascam.com/Products/US-224.html US-224]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1604
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2002 does not bind to any class
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-122 MKII midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8021
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|not detected / binding to camdusbmidi.class on AROS 2.4 usb }} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 detected but not working 2-in/2-out USB two XLR microphone preamps with phantom power for condenser microphones 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-200 US-400 US-600 US-800 US-1200 US-1800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UX-16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| CAMD
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE and Pro version midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 dc 6v power - 3 USB hubs, midi in out , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis I/O2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 powered USB hub required, not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis IO4 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XTouch 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; psu needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Compact
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer X-Touch Mini
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant?,  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-Phoria UMD404HD UMD202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe class compliant - volume low, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CME U2 MIDI Pro 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; current model 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 1X1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 early versions with sysex checksum errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative E-MU Xmidi 1x1 Tab (V3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 tab version class compliant but report that when transferring 'System Exclusive' messages (SysEx) the unit could not handle the highest data rate leading to data corruption 
|-
| Creative EMU XMIDI 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 sysex errors 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini now Avid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Digidesign Mbox II Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 USB powered but not compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Engl Z7 MIDI Interface (E660/E610/E360/E930)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitar?
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elektron TurboMidi TM-1 1in 1out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U 4x4 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M4U XL 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiTerminal M8U XL 8x8
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; no hardware routing e.g. x on input 5 to synth y on output 7 - ploytec chipset 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate II 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ROM I/O
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 romio version 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2573
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0002
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|is bound via camdusbmidi.class AROS One 2.4  - untested midi in out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8U XT 8in 8out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 discontinued 2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M8UEX USB3.0
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI M4U eX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 current model 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MidiMate eX midi interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 current model, well liked and might class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;icon midiport 2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCON CubeMi 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity mio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 class compliant but reported issues with sending System Exclusive (SysEx) MIDI messages and MIDI signals getting cut off 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iConnectMidi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iCM2 iCM4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectMIDI4+ L
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 class compliant?? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity MioXL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IK Multimedia iRig MIDI 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iRig Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Electronics pro solo mk2 midi to cv converter
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kenton Midi Thru-25 5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Keytech MT18E 8 Way Midi Thru box 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 9 to 12v psu required 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 2x2 midi interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiPlus Midi 4x4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; supposedly class compliant - USB bus powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech MIT-00151 Midiface 4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MidiTech Midiface 4x4 8x8 16x16 thru merge 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Miditech Midilink mini 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport UNO only if box is labeled Class Compliant and latest MIDISPORT 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midiman Midisport 2x2 Anniversary Edition [https://gearspace.com/board/electronic-music-instruments-and-electronic-music-production/1133862-why-there-hardly-any-midi-interfaces.html not stable enough] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 USB2 usb-b - does not need firmware and supposedly plug and play - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Midisport 4x4 Anniversary Edition
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; rumored does not need firmware - supposedly plug and play -  issues with its firmware for some and lacks configurable routing
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Maudio Fast Track Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant but bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nektar Midiflex 4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 class compliant and usb-b powered - used as a 1 in / 3 out, 2 in / 2 out or 4 out 5pin sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neusonik IM-One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Peavey Xport
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; guitars only 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland UM-ONE UM-1 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 USB class compliant if switch to TAB for class compliant mode rather than the COMPUTER mode 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Squarp Hermid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg Midex 8x8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; class compliant?  supporting MIDI Time Stamping protocol
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Swissonic MidiConnect 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.midi USB 4x4 (Loud technologies) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no|dedicated driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 2014 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U-24
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi to 5pin interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Unbranded cable 
| 0x552d
| 0x4348
| F110 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected but no usb driver in devs/midi for camd to use}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;detected but not working the USB-MIDI conversion functionality of the cheapo USB MIDI &quot;cable&quot; interface is simply lacking, possibly being incapable of handling MIDI strings longer than 3 bytes long SysEx strings (e.g. SysEx dumps) - tested in Icaros 2.3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;USB2.0-MIDI Unbranded cable with clear braided underneath leads 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1A86
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x752D 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0254 
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{Maybe|detected binding to camdusbmidi.class but untested midi in / out}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested but better to get a branded version - tested AROS One 2.4 usb
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LogiLink USB to Midi In-Out 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;untested cheap cable version but issues with latency on other systems 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; gm5 USB midi chip  DIY option only
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Doremidi LEKATO MIDI USB C Interface 1x1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Thomann Midi USB 1x1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   Prodipe made 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe MIDI 1i/1o 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  usb to 5pin midi interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


Classic 5pin DIN controllers for above interfaces 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |CAMD
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai s5000 s6000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  midi digital samplers 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai AX80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Casio CZ-3000 CZ-1000 CZ-101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Cheetah MS6 midi controller 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{No|untested}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 multi-timbral, six-voice (twelve-oscillator), analogue synthesiser module is loaded with CEM 3396s 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ensoniq ESQ1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Integra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Wavestation Ex A/D SR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1986 ex has piano and drum sounds 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-8000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg DW-6000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Korg Poly 800 MK1 Poly-800ii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  all plastic and can run on batteries - 49 keys non-velocity dco synt analogue filter 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland D-50
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1987 untested greater concern would be moisture and wear}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland A50 (76) A80 (88) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|1989 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND JUNO-D
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Juno 106 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;80s kx73 or kx88 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland ED PC-160A PC-180A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}} legacy DIN5 MIDI port only - 6 AA batteries or 9v psu - One regular source of failure for me were emty batteries (even with red control light still active). Another source was a bad MIDI cable - unplug then re-plug the USB cable while it is powered the device might reconnect 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland M1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland S-550 S-760 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; digital samplers kontakt replaced these? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1983 12bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha DX7S DX72IID DX7IIFD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1987 16bit versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--CAMD--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


The MIDI standard was published in August 1983. The inventors, Kakehashi and Smith finally received a Technical Grammy Award in 2013 for their work. 

The MIDI files that contained just the note data, velocity and timing meant you could transfer an entire studio session from one place to another on one floppy disk and it could control all the synths and drum samplers. Pass-thru meant that one computer could run an entire bands worth of instruments. 

It's bulletproof too. MIDI never goes wrong, it's always a bug in software that causes any issue - you can absolutely rely on it to go gigging with, take your synths, controllers and computers and not crash an entire gig at your 100,000 person venue. 

The MIDI hardware specification is very simple (voltage, polarity, screening, protection and a fast enough opto-isolator), it assumes that the data it sends and receives between MIDI devices is to the MIDI data standard and just passes it on. The microprocessor in the hardware does all the work.

The minimum for a computer/MIDI interface is that it meets the MIDI hardware specification. It is attached to the computer bus and handles the electrical conversions required. To meet the MIDI hardware specification, to be class compliant as a USB device all it has to do is report itself properly when plugged in.

The other half of the equation is the MIDI data standard, and for a computer MIDI interface the main issue is the speed of data transmission. The bus speed of the computer is faster than the speed of the MIDI standard so it can generate and send MIDI data faster than a MIDI device can receive it. The MIDI standards have nothing to say on that bottleneck at all. MIDI was designed to be very simple and very open, it just defines a standard for the messages and leaves it up to manufacturers to implement them in the way they want. That's what makes it so powerful a tool, and also what makes it so confusing and frustrating at times.

For midi, the hardware/software combination at various connection points handles the translation to/from midi (or other protocols). Drivers would be needed for midi, including clock and SysEx signal (actually claiming to handle ALL midi quirks transparently

All the important MIDI data types can be sent (CC, NRPN, RPN, MMC, Note On/Off, program change)

There is no official way to solve the data bottleneck. Early software sequencers and librarians tried to solve it by having an option to buffer SYSEX data in software and transmit it at the MIDI data rate. The downside is that hogs the bus and can hit computer performance. Interface manufacturers would add a hardware buffer which would take all the MIDI data from the PC bus and feed it into the MIDI at the slower data rate, but that added cost and created timing issues.

Things have moved on since then, but the principles remain the same. You can buffer in the hardware or in software, whether that is in the application or the interface driver. SYSEX will work perfectly well with that budget cable if your software handles the buffering. And while the cables with hardware buffers make SYSEX easier, they still have potential problems because of the limitations of the MIDI data rate. Your MIDI clock doesn't like being interrupted with a big program dump 

The serial / parallel ports were a direct connection, so faster. Now, everything in the computer is virtual and the only thing connected to the hardware is the kernel, hence everything is by default bottlenecked and jittery, regardless of which connection. So by the time the interface gets the information it's already too late. 

Ethernet network cable to transport MIDI over large distances, connect 2 MIDI In and 2 MIDI Out ports to patch, remap, filter and merge MIDI flows on a fine channel basis for tight MIDI throughput, latency and jitter 

Possibilities for DAWs of the future including a kind of sync reference for timing reference which an interface could sync to, hence all the timings then would be locked between the grid on the DAW screen and the MIDI info. 

Preemptible, low latency and accuracy are essential for good communication.  

One of the first things you need to do, is make sure your MIDI software sets the interface to the same MIDI channel as your keyboard (usually 1) 


Do you want to send just your master keyboard to other synths or to be able to use any keyboard with any synth?

1st option is relatively simple. Just need to send midi from your master keyboard into a midi splitter that redistributes the signal onto your synths. Each synth will be set up to receive midi on a specific channel so the only challenge is to find a way to select to which channel you are sending midi. Some master keyboards can do that although not many that have a dedicated knob or switch on the panel and most require a bit of menu diving. Could use a midi box that offers channel selection but usually this is not very workflow friendly. The software route would require using the mouse. 

2nd option is a bit more complex but superior workflow by sending midi messages into a merge box, from there into a hardware sequencer that allows to select midi channel, then on to a midi interface that distributes the signal to the synths. 

Master keyboard MIDI-in to computer. External hardware sampler MIDI-out from computer. Audio-out from sampler to audio-in on computer/device. 


Blue Ribbon Soundworks Bars &amp; Pipes Professional (1993/4) 

GM (1984), GS (1987), XG level 1-3 (1994-1997), GM level 2 (1999) 	

GM GM1 imposes several requirements beyond the MIDI 1.0 specification. While MIDI 1.0 by itself provides a communication protocol which ensures that different instruments can interoperate at a fundamental level e.g sound modules. GM goes further in two ways. First, GM requires that all compliant MIDI instruments meet a certain minimal set of features, such as being able to play at least 24 notes simultaneously (polyphony). Second, GM attaches specific interpretations to many parameters and control messages which were left unspecified in the MIDI 1.0 specification. A minimum of 128 MIDI Program Numbers (conforming to the GM 1 Instrument Patch Map) and 47 percussion sounds (conforming to the GM 1 Percussion Key Map). Support for controller number 1, 7, 10, 11, 64, 100, 101, 121 and 123; support for channel pressure and pitch bend controllers. 

General MIDI Level 2 or GM2 is a specification for synthesizers which defines several requirements beyond the MIDI standard and is based on General MIDI (GM) and Roland GS extensions. It was adopted in 1999 by the MIDI Manufacturers Association (MMA).

* Number of Notes: 32 simultaneous notes
* MIDI Channels: 16
* Simultaneous Melodic Instruments – up to 16 (all Channels)
* Simultaneous Percussion Kits – up to 2 (Channel 10/11)

Program and bank change events
General MIDI 2 compatible synthesizers access all of the 256 instruments by setting cc#0 (Bank Select MSB) to 121 and using cc#32 (Bank Select LSB) to select the variation bank before a Program Change. Variation bank 0 contains the full GM (General MIDI 1) sound set. Variations using other bank numbers are new to General MIDI 2, and correspond to variation sounds introduced in Roland GS. 


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CluuHrr7HG4 Major WWHWWWH, Minor WHWWHWW scale], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jjm7Ti-iwz0 Chords], 


==usb audio==

USB audio has recently made available for Aros, there are many standards introduced over the years. Much is still untested. 

*Introduced 2000 and from 2014 USB Audio 1 UAC1 16bit 44.1kHz
*Introduced 2006 and from 2014 USB Audio 2 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/usb-device-class-definition-audio-devices-release-20-errata-and-ecn-through-april UAC2] 24bit 192kHz
*Introduced 2016 and from 2024 USB Audio 3 [https://www.usb.org/documents UAC3] 32bit 384kHz 

USB group decided to rewrite the audio standard, so [https://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/usbaudio2.lha UAC2] and [https://archive.fosdem.org/2019/schedule/event/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/attachments/slides/3345/export/events/attachments/linux_and_usb_audio_class_3/slides/3345/Linux_and_USB_Audio_Class_3___FOSDEM_2019.pdf UAC3]. They added clock selection and control, timing domains and others. Part of the changes included changing many of the descriptors that an audio device uses to describe itself to the machine. 

PsdErrorlog/PsdDevlister? The AHI driver generated only supports mono/stereo at any bit rates between 8 and 32 bit per sample, but not multichannel modes and only rates up to 65KHz (because AHI uses a 16-bit word for frequencies). If the soundcard does not offer such a PCM 8-32 bit mode at frequencies lower than 65 KHz, there's nothing much that can be done about it on the computer side other than revising and expanding the AHI standard. Most cheap USB soundcards do though. 

AHI does not support six channel playback. It only supports mono, stereo and multichannel (8 channels). Due to the multichannel mode not being used by any application so far, the usbaudio.class does not support multichannel playback, especially not &quot;upchannelling&quot; stereo to six or more channels. If this USB device does not support a two channel mode, you can't use it under AHI.

Untested but most likely to work, at least 2 mic inputs (low impedance) &amp; instruments (high impedance) and made in the last 10 years 
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gMuA-2FbJxE Entry level &lt;100Euro]   BOMGE U202, Behringer UMC, Presonus Studio, 
*[ Next tier &lt;200Euro]   Audient iD, Solid SSL2 and SSL2+, Lewitt, Focusrite Scarlett, Arturia MiniFuse, 
*[ Prosumer &lt;300Euro]   Focusrite Clarett+, 
*[ Professional &lt;500Euro]   RME Babyface, 
*[ Studio &gt;500Euros]    

Bands should need 4 or more mic inputs 

[http://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?p=38364030 XDA Forum thread],

&lt;pre&gt;
                                            &lt;- Computer 
                                            &lt;- Mobile Phone / Tablet (OTG)
                                            &lt;- Digital Cameras 
                            &lt;- Video        &lt;- Webcams 

Base Computer &lt;-&gt; OBS like  &lt;- Audio Mixer  &lt;- Microphone(s) 

                            -&gt; Internet     -&gt; Youtube &amp; Chat 

&lt;/pre&gt;

USB AUDIO CARDS - UAC Compliant 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Description 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Playback
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Records 
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 64 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant so does not wotk with Aros and a high-end 64-channel AD/DA converter HDX, Dante connectivity and a Thunderbolt Audio interface 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Antelope Galaxy 32 Synergy Core
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not be compliant so does not wotk with Aros as Antelope Audio does not provide official drivers, control software, or an Antelope Launcher 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia Mini Fuse 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp 1 combi input, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant usb-c with usb2.0, okay pre amps with good dynamic range 110dB, cirrus logic cs4272 ad converter, two combi inputs for mic, line or guitar, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia MiniFuse 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay 110dB dynamic range, -129dB EIN, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Arturia AudioFuse 16Rig 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1C75
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 mk1 mki 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient evo4 EVO8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD4 mk2 mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient id14 mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant and usb-c bus powered, good, , 0-in/14-out audio interface with ADAT expandability, balanced inserts
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audient iD44 Mk2 Mkii 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC202HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps ein -129 dBu, 24bit ADC, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC404HD 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps, 24bit adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UMC204HD 192 Empower Tribe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0508
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, okay, midas pre-amps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer UMC1820 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016, bus complaint?, okay midas pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-PHORIA UM2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1397
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, poor zenyx pre-amps with high noise floor, plastic build no rf shielding, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer x Air XR12 XR16 XR18
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 usb and network 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Saffire 6 USB 1.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, , , midi, strictly NEC USB 2.0, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 8i6 Gen 1 MOSC0001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, but 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 1 MOSC0003 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested ok
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present at all time.
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - 48V, tested ok
*TP7 - Ground
*TP8 - Ground
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 usually avoid early Gen 1, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/08/75-focusrite-scarlett-2i4-1st-gen.html Focusrite Scarlet 2i4 Gen 1 (slide toggles) MOSC0004] 
*TP1 - 3.3V, tested 3.22v
*TP2 - U4 control signal, 3.3V present 
*TP4 - Ground
*TP6 - measure 47.72v 
* AKM 4384ET (VDD 5v)
* Cirrus Logic CS4272-CZZ (VA 4.94v/ VD 3.2v/ VL 3.2v)
* all four HC4066 (VCC 4.96v)
* XMOS XS1-L01A-TQ128-C5 (all VDD 1.08v/ all VVDIO 3.23v/ PPLAVDD 0.99v/ PCU-VDDIO 3.23v)
2i4S
*TP1 seems to be 0V
*TP2 should be 5V
*TP3 should be 
*TP6 should be 48V
*TP8 should be 3.3V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps JRC NJM2122 and NJM4565, [https://statics.cirrus.com/pubs/proDatasheet/CS4272_F1.pdf CS4272 adc], [https://pdf.datasheet.live/e5e5fd1c/akm.com/AK4384.pdf AK4384 output pair], Xmos XS1-L8A-64-TQ128 processor and firmware in Winbond 25X40CL 4Mbit, an SMSC Microchip USB3343 interface and a Microchip PL611 clock generator - two Intersil / Renesas ISL97519A for the phantom power rail, two OnSemi NCP1521B for the 3.3V (digital) and 1V (Xmos core) rails - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite iTrack Solo USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 1st Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://wiki.linuxaudio.org/wiki/current_audio_gear Focusrite ] Scarlett 4i4 Gen  MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, , Cirrus CS4272, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen1 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, , , 12v psu, the headphone outs mirror the outs on the back panel, so that's six independent outs. 4 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2019/03/38-focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen1-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 1st Gen MOSC0008]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, JRC NJM4565 provide most of the opamps, pair of JRC NJM2122's for inputs 1 and 2, [http://www.mouser.com/ds/2/76/cs4272_f1-43250.pdf Cirrus CS4272], 12v 1a +central psu to a pair of National Semiconductor LM2672 for 3.3V rail and the +6.9V rail, Xmos XS1–L16A–128 dual-row QFN package, firmware a Winbond 25X40C 4Mbit SPI Flash and an SMSC USB3343 interface chip, the two headphone outs are completely independent so 6 independent analog output paths, plus two over spdif, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Clarett+ 8Pre 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 great, expensive, maybe usb compliant?  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0006 
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8202
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz CS4272 as well as an additional AKM AK4384ET for the second stereo output pair, 4 screws under bottom rubber,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2021/07/focusrite-scarlett-2i4-2nd-gen-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 2i4 Gen 2 (slide toggles) MOSC0014]
*TP6 should be 48V
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, USB-b bus powered, good preamps NJM2122's, NJM4565's and CMOS switches (HEF4053 and HEF4066), CS4272 and a AKM AK4384ET, Xmos XU208-256-TQ64-C10 with firmware stored in a Macronix MX25L8006E 8Mbit flash memory, clocking by a Cirrus Logic CS2100, an MP1542 boost converter creates +6V and -6V rails, powering the opamps and the rest of the analog circuitry, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 6i6 Gen2 MOSC0016
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 2nd Gen MOSC0019
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://khronscave.blogspot.com/2024/03/focusrite-scarlett-18i8-gen2-teardown.html Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 2nd Gen MOSC00]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Red 16Line 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 may not be compliant as Focusrite provides no drivers - 64-in/64-out Pro Tools - dual Thunderbolt 3 audio interface with ultra-low latency A-D/D-A conversion - Red Evolution mic preamps
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 3rd Gen MOSC0024
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant usb-c but usb2, preamps, ad/dc 24bit 192kHz, most Focusrite gen3 interfaces have encrypted processors, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i6 Gen3 MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB2 class compliant device, but with custom mixer interface
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 Gen 3 (push in switches) MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8210
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, USB-c bus powered, good preamps ein equivalent input noise -128 dBu, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic xfr002c and cs4272 chips, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 3rd gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i8 3rd Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x8214
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, , , no screws under the rubber pads on the bottom, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo Studio Mk3 USB Audio Interface MOSC0030 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 2i2 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 4i4 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Studio 4th Gen USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett Solo 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focusrite Scarlett 18i20 4th Gen MOSC00
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1235
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FractalAudio FM9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fractal Audio AM4 platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt Connect 6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lewitt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mooer Steep II Multi-Platform USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Motu UltraLite AVB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb not compliant? 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant?, usb-c, good pre amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU M4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU U2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  maybe not usb compliant, good but latest had hardware revision 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MOTU UltraLite-mk5
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nuemann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb audio compliant, great pre-amps 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;neuralDSP Quad Cortex QC platform 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc compliant but plugins not working 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NeuralDSP QC Lite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 cc complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neve Genesys Black G16 G32 G64
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; not compliant - very good very expensive 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, usb1.1 usb-b bus powered, okay pre-amps, 24bit ADC 48Khz max, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Audiobox 1818VSL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus AudioBox 44VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be usb compliant, 12v psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox 22VSL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|4 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, usb-b, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|PreSonus Studio 6|8 USB Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe compliant, needs ext psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 24c 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus Studio 26c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus® Studio 68c
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, usb-c, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PreSonus AudioBox USB 96 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, high preamp noise, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Presonus Quantum ES2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prism Lyra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, great 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb- UAC2 asynchronous protocol, 64dB Low-noise Mic amplifier, 32Bit High End ADC and DAC, 16dBu High-power ti headphone amplifier
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane UP2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Platane 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface/UC/UFX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 might be able to put into class compliant cc although a firewire device, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Babyface Pro FS  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe not usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RME Fireface UCX II
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 might be class compliant usb-b, pre amps, adc,  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ Mk1 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe usb compliant, good, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL12 SSL18 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, bus powered, good pre-amps, up to 32-bit 192kHz AD/DA converters, 12-in 8-out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic SSL2 SSL2+ MkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant, good pre amps ein -130 dBu, ad/dc, okay latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Solid State Logic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping E1x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Topping Pro E2x2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant, good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UAD UA Apollo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo 2nd Gen twin X (Duo/Quad), X4, X6, X8, X8P, and X16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UA apollo twin x quad 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 bus compliant?, usb-
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Universal Audio Volt 276 2|76 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Universal Audio Volt 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant, good, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI01 Electromusic Interface Expander - 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 4-in/4-out USB 2.0 audio interface with a built-in USB hub and MIDI I/O, up to 24-bit/96kHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Akai EIE Pro AI02 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Alesis io2 io|2, io14 io|14, io26 io|26 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 bus powered but not usb compliant, okay pre-amps, 2, 4 or 8 mics respectively, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis iO2 Express 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010  not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis Core 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe cc, mini usb, poor latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire only, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel two‑in, two‑out, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 firewire, not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 1st Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb for basic features, , , single‑channel up to 48kHz
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 2nd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant usb- and maybe aa batteries, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee One USB 3rd Gen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Ensemble Thunderbolt 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 maybe not usb compliant micro-usb with most features, , ,  two‑channel 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Boom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee Duet 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 maybe usb compliant usb-c with most features, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apogee 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ART PRO Audio Usb Mix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 maybe usb compliant bus powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 1 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;01000
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 mbox original was usb1 and not a usb class compliant device, and had the much hated &quot;focusrite designed&quot; mic preamps, light blue front plate and the sticky out feet 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 midi not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Pro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Mini USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avid Digidesign Mbox 2 Micro USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0dba
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVID MBox 3rd gen Mini or Standard but Pro is Firewire 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;behringer u-control uca202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x8bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2902
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, draws a lot of power - dac ti burr-brown - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer U-CONTROL UCA 222 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 maybe usb compliant,  - no microphone pre-amp - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Black Lion Audio 2x2 evolution 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant but , okay with 109dB range - poor noise floor, 24-bit 192kHz Cirrus Logic CS4272, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 11s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge 22s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge BMG22 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb-c, 24bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower, may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge U204 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-c, 32bit 192kHz but only use much lower , may have to spend time cleaning up some of the noise, high latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bomge Mini 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2702E PCM2704 PCM2704C Muse Audio Mini USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2704
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TI Burr-Brown PCM2900 PCM2902 PCM2906 USB DAC board 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x08bb
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2900
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, no mic input - goodish quality 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng MD22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng USB Audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b powered, 24bit 192kHz though is 96kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 2|6 em2|6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2m 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;|Emagic emi 6|2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not uac 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ego Systems, Inc. in Korea (ESI) joining with RIDI GmbH 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi Mixvibes U46 Mk II USB audio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI ESU22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U24XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 24 bits, 2 analogue inputs and outputs with 6.3 mm jack connection, Output L can be used as a headphone output, S / PDIF digital input - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;esi U46XL 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MAYA22USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI MAYA44USB+ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered,  xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Originals, Inc ESIO MARA22XTU 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI U22XT
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb class compliant
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ESI Gigaport Ex
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2020 usb compliant?, usb-c usb3.1, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iConnectivity iConnectAUDIO2+ icaudio-02 USB audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;LexiconPro - Omega 8x4x2 (USB-1.1)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb complaint 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Alpha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lexicon Lambda
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 may not be compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 Toneport UX1 and Tone Port UX2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 TonePort UX8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Line 6 POD Studio UX1 UX2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006  not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lokchonk UX22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ljSiNmudMm0 Lokchonk UX44HD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 usb-b , , , 2in 2out only, average latency, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Artist 1·2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Producer 2X2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Onyx Blackjack
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 USB powered but maybe not usb compliant, Two Onyx Preamps, 2-in, 2-out which are combo Neutrik-type connectors to handle XLR, instrument or line level 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, , , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Media Assistance USB-One
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not uac cc comliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe not usb compliant, - guitar 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Fast Track Ultra (6 in 6 out) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb cc providing 24-bit/96kHz audio capabilities but requires manual configuration of the mixer settings 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 usb compliant?, okay - guitar and vocal mainly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://htyp.org/M-Audio/Fast_Track_Ultra/Linux M-Audio FastTrack Ultra] and Ultra 8R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe usb compliant, low round-trip latency, okay octane pre amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track 2x2M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre-amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track (MkII) 2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 usb compliant? usb-c - okay pre amps, , 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track Solo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf shielding, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio M-Track DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 usb compliant? - okay but issues, MJN4580C opamps (lower gain 55 dB at volume 9-10), ti PCM2900C ADC 16bit means there is a hard noise floor at -96 dB, plastic build no rf sheild, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Air
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, okay 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI AK1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.pogo.org.uk/~mark/linuxdj/ Native Instruments Traktor Audio 8 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 4 DJ], [ Traktor Audio 2 DJ], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1978, 0x0839, 0x041C 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 not usb compliant uses snd-usb-caiaq module, [https://mixxx.discourse.group/t/problems-with-native-instruments-audio-8-dj-on-linux/14719/2 Audio 8 device has 4 subunits which are not recognized correctly], Cirrus Logic DACs spec'd at 24-bit/96KHz over a USB2, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;NI Komplete Audio 6 Mk1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 96kHz adc, ocassional dropouts, plastic build top with metal around 3/4, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Native Instruments NI Komplete Audio 1 and 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, good pre amp ein -129.5 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://support.native-instruments.com/hc/en-us/articles/360014683497-Apple-Silicon-Compatibility-News Native Instruments Komplete Audio 6 Mk2] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17CC
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, pre amps, 24bit 192kHz adc, black aluminum glass build, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[ Native Instruments Traktor Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x17cc
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 2x4 NOVHUB01 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant, usb-b powered, no xlr, focusrite sounds inside, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Novation AudioHub 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prodipe Studio 22 Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 1 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Schiit HEL 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 gaming headsets mostly 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-3 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1998 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-30 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA1A UA-1D Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-5 Audio Capture (Roland)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1000 Audio Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA-1EX, Cakewalk UA-1G  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant driver also supports ASIO (Steinberg Audio Stream I/O Interface), noisy 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Duo Capture UA-11 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland QUAD-CAPTURE Analog 2x2 Digital 2x2 USB 2.0 4in/4out
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 not usb compliant, usb-b powered 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/Setup Roland Edirol UA-101 and UA-1000 (Clemens Ladisch driver)]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/mmueller-kaffeeschluerfercom/UA-25-Firmware-Modification Roland Edirol ua-25]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 maybe usb compliant 16bit 44.1kHz sampling without MIDI but not USB class complient when in Advanced mode for 24bit or midi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Edirol by Roland USB AudioCapture UA-25EX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x00e6, 0x00e7
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 maybe usb compliant if ADVANCED DRIVER switched to OFF might play and record at 44.1kHz and 16-bit samples 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Audio Interface V-Studio 20 VS-20 Cakewalk
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 maybe not usb compliant, usb-b powered, 1 xlr, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Edirol UA55 UA-55 Quad Cakewalk 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x012f
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 not USB class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland DUO-CAPTURE EX UA-22 USB Audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0582
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0159
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant but not be used with a USB 3.0 port that is not compatible with USB 2.0 specification, vs pre amps, adc, three AA batteries in base, or an AC adapter psb-1u 9V 2A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix22 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland Rubix series Roland Rubix24 USB 2.0 Audio Interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg (2004 Yamaha buys) MIDI interface hardware including the CC like CC121 CC-121 and CI1 CI2 series.
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR12 UR22
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44 usb audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 maybe not usb compliant, poor pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR242 audio interface
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 maybe usb compliant, usb powered or 5v psu, okay pre-amps, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, okay pre-amps ein -123 dBu, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR-RT 2 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 maybe usb compliant, usb2.0 usb-b, pre-amps, ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR44C (USB3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 maybe usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg URX22C UR22C  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 maybe usb compliant, preamps okay but little noisy, ad/dc. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Steinberg UR22 MkIII UR series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe usb compliant usb-c, okay pre-amps, adc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tapco LiNK.USB 2x2 (Loud technologies WA, USA) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 maybe not compliant, usb-b, poor pre-amps hum, latency issues, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://git.alsa-project.org/?p=alsa-tools.git;a=blob;f=usx2yloader/README;hb=3843634ef0310a952b256bcb6a4ddd0ad4ebe396 Teac Tascam US-422 US-428 US2XYloader] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122 US-224 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not usb compliant, needing firmware usx2yloader/us122fw.ihx for audio sound card - Tascam US-122 and US-122L are not the same - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US-122L 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x800e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 not usb compliant, obsolete needs tascam_loader.ihx and us122fw.ihx firmware loaded each time unless automated 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US122 US-122 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 not usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam US144 US-144 Mk2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 maybe usb compliant although USB2 downgrade so using USB1.1 UHCI, tascam units suffer from high round-trip latency as do most typical USB units
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-200 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac US-366 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-600 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac TASCAM US-800 USB 2.0 Audio / MIDI Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 may not be totally usb compliant 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam iU2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{no| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-2x2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 usb compliant?, 5v dc power, midi out in, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Corp Tascam US-4x4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; usb compliant?, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac Tascam US-16x08 US-20x20
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0644
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;teyun q12 Q-12, q22 Q-22 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teyun q26 Q-26, q24 Q-24 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe usb compliant - unknown pre amp, unknown ad/dc, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha UW500
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 not class compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 3 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 maybe usb compliant, okay pre amp, 16bit 44kHz adc no advanced features without dedicated asio driver, 1 xlr, 1 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha Audiogram 6 USB Digital Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 maybe usb compliant, okay, 2 xlr, 2 instrument, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC-232 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom UAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, okay, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.arcam.co.uk/products,rseries,usb-dacs,rPAC.htm Arcam rPac] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioquest Dragonfly 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audioengine D1 Premium 24-bit DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 (Burr Brown PCM 1716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Beresford TC-7520 + Burson Buffer + MK3 JKSPDIF
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://epiphany-acoustics.co.uk/products-page/dacs/e-dac-24bit-miniature-usb-dac/ Epiphany E-DAC 24bit] ES9023 DAC chip 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio FUBAR II Mk2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Firestone Audio iLoveTW 24Bit USB DAC
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO D5 ta2020 chip amp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E07K Andes 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FiiO E17 Alpen 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Magnum 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Martini-U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GoVibe Vulcan 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Halide Design DAC HD (Wolfson WM8716) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HRT Steamer II USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;John Kenny JKDAC uses a 24-bit/192&amp;nbsp;kHz Sabre ES9022 DAC or better JKDAC32 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; iBasso D12  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Leckerton UHA-6S MKII  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MyST 1866 PortaDAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Objective DAC ODAC+O2  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rega DAC (Wolfson WM8742) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://www.henryaudio.com/open-source.php Henry Audio USB DAC 128 also known as QNKTC AB-1.2 open source DAC] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Henry Audio mkII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;AKM4430 DAC chip comes from Asahi Kasai 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DevilSound USB DAC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom U series
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;KingRex UD-01 SE (Burr-Brown PCM 2702E) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SuperPro 24/192 USB DAC (24bit 192&amp;nbsp;kHz, CS-4398 D/A chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM108 7.1ch emulation I2S in and out
| 0x1926
| 0x0003
| 0x0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| [http://www.lindy.co.uk/usb-2-audio-adapter/42961.html Lindy USB 2.0] (Chipset CM108)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Speed-Link SL-8850-SBK Vigo ([http://mightyohm.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=1036#p1030 CMedia CM108])
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode USB SOUNDCARD 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1130
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| Dynamode Virtual 7.1 USB-SOUND7 (C-Media )
| 0x0d8c
| 0x000c 0x000e
| 1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Generic White box with very little red led and white USB lead (CMedia )
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0c000e
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| CM109 CiT SC-U119 5.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| CMedia CM1197.1ch I2C MCU port Penguin 
| 0x0D8C
| 0x0000
| 0x010
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sweex 7.1 Startech External USB, WMA Blue metal box SYBA SD-AUD20040, Sabrent USB-SND8, Sewell Vantec NBA-200U (C-Media CM6206 CM106 like) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;50/50 if the item is detected but does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Labs SoundBlaster X-fi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi Go 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative X-Fi 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creative Sound Blaster Play! USB sound adapter (SB1140) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; working with [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=646431&amp;postcount=15 Deneb on OS3] 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U1 (ASUS UA100 USB Audio Chip) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Asus Xonar U3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Playback
| Records 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Griffin iMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio Transit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Icemat Siberia (steel series) (Cmedia chipset) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;JMTek HY554, ZyXEL NSA-220, Logilink (Tenx Technology TP6911 and SSS-1623 headphone set) 
| 0x0C76 0x1130
| 0x1605 0x1607  0xf211
| 0x
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; reports on other OS not good 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Plantronics &quot;DSP Adapter-01&quot; (or &quot;USB Adapter-02&quot;) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rocksmith Real Tone Cable 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RSA Intruder Predator 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;StarTech ICUSBAUDIO7
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x000c
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.00
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stoner Acoustics UD100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Teac UDH01-B  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Aureon 5.1 USB MKII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TerraTec Electronic GmbH Aureon Dual USB
| 0x0ccd
| 0x0077 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Terratec Phase26
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trust 510 EX 5.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech A-5572A USB 2.0  to 3.5mm jacks Virtual 7.1 Surround Sound Adapter or accessory of Logitech Clearchat pro USB or Logitech USB Headset H530 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0003 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x046D
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-10 USB Audio Interface 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024  maybe cc 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Trumix TM-12 USB-C 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 maybe cc usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Turtle Beach Audio Advantage Amigo Micro II USB Sound Card &amp; Headset Adapter 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x10F5
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0211
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0100
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Vantec NBA-100U 7.1 Channel 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Playback--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Records--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}

 Companies including Access, Alesis, Allen&amp;Heath, American Audio, CME, ESI, Infrasonic, Lexicon, Numark, Presonus, Reloop, SIMS, Sound Devices, Steinberg, Swissonic, Tascam, Terrasoniq, Terratec, Yamaha and Yellowtec decided to license and bundle this driver. So fully functional custom drivers are available for Access Virus TI, Access Virus TI snow, Alesis Multimix 8 USB2.0, Alesis Multimix 16 USB2.0, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:2D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:3D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:4D, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DX, Allen&amp;Heath XONE:DB4, American Audio Versa Port, CME XCORPIO, ESI ESU1808, ESI Gigaport AG / DG, ESI Maya 44 USB, Infrasonic Amon, Lexicon I-ONIX U22, Lexicon I-ONIX U42S, Lexicon I-ONIX U82S, Mindprint DI-MOD USB, Numark DJ IO, Numark NS6, Numark NS7, Numark Omni Control, Numark V7, Presonus Audiobox USB, Reloop Digital Jockey, SIMS Primus, Sound Devices USB pre, Steinberg MI2, Steinberg MI4, Swissonic Easy USB, Tascam M-164UF, Tascam US-122L, Tascam US-144, Tascam US-Tascam US-144mkII 122mkII, Tascam US-200, Tascam US-600, Tascam US-1641, Tascam US-1800, Tascam US-2000, Terratec Area 61, Terrasoniq Phase X64, Terratec Phase 26 USB, Yamaha UW10, Yamaha UW500, Yellowtec PUC2 and many others.

Well, those companies are using the same driver framework because all of those interfaces use the same microprocessor/firmware architecture to communicate with the USB bus. Just like almost all FireWire audio interfaces use the same TC Dice or BridgeCo chipsets. Usually it does not make sense for companies to develop their own USB1.1/USB2/FW framework for a product they are going to sell for &lt;$500.

However, that isn't the end of the story. The companies who develop audio interfaces implement different features into their devices and must update the driver and firmware to accommodate those features. That is where things can go wrong. Sometimes there is miss-communication about how things are coded, sometimes the developer who started a project leaves without transferring his knowledge to his successor, etc. You have to keep in mind that there are no &quot;big&quot; computer audio companies. Even the companies that seem big in the scale of the market, probably have fewer employees than you'd think.

A very well made interface that is designed from scratch from the ground up would be a very expensive device, regardless of whether it's USB, FW, PCIe or whatever.

Round-trip latency is the sum of the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
    ASIO input buffer
    ASIO output buffer
    A/D D/A converter latency
    The driver's hidden safety buffer
&lt;/pre&gt;
At a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k, Tascam units yield ~18ms total round-trip latency.

Typical USB audio interfaces use a large hidden safety buffer.
This helps ensure glitch-free playback... even under less than ideal circumstances. But... this comes at the expense of much higher round-trip latency. Short of doubling the sample-rate, there's no means of mitigating the higher round-trip latency.
If you have no plans of ever monitoring in realtime thru software based EFX/processing (ie: playing/monitoring DI bass thru an AmpSim plugin as you're playing), then this may not matter to you.
If you want the ability this play/monitor in realtime thru software based EFX/processing, make sure to get an audio interface that yields low round-trip latency.

As a point of reference the best PCI/e audio interfaces yield about 5ms total round-trip latency at a 64-sample ASIO buffer size/44.1k
The best Firewire and USB units yield 5.5-5.6ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.
Typical USB and Firewire units (that use a large hidden safety buffer) yield 12-18ms total round-trip latency at those same settings.

Anything above ~6ms starts to feel sluggish.
Anything above ~10ms feels like playing thru molasses.


USB Microphones 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;C-Media Electronics, Inc. CM108 Audio Controller Mic
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0d8c
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x013c 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato WaveMic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Wave:3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 no driver lightweight }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx solocast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;hyperx quadcast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sennheiser CC510 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis USB-Mic microphone podcasting kit 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2020 (AT202) AT4040
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio-Technica AT2035 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer B1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Snowball iCE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardioid only }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blue Microphones Yeti Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| can pick up a lot of background noise but not sure if right mode used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL 2001A/600 Studio Microphone Pack / MXL 2003A Studio Condenser
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeChat LX-3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Namtai SingStar(TM) PS2 SCEH-0001 USBMIC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1415
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0.01
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mono microphones }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Neumann MT48 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Seiren Mini USB Condenser Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rockband USB Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A VideoMic Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode Podcaster 2 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| RODECaster Pro usb audio compatible}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rode NT1A NT2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|  NT2 better }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Roland R-07
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic - Portable USB Microphone for Recording 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| mini usb r.h.s. and clip on the bottom left hand side}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Go Mic Clip On USB Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| switch to choose between Cardiod, Omni and -10&amp;nbsp;dB modes, a 3.5mm headphone socket and a USB socket}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C01U  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| cardoid only}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson C03U 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7 USB Podcast Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shure MV7+ XLR &amp; USB-C dynamic microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY PCM-D50 handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PCM-M10 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out 5V, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;SONY 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TASCAM DR-1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008, one mini usb out, lithium battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009, one mini usb out, aa battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR05 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011, one mini usb port for file transfer and charging the AA batteries }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011  mini usb aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07mkII
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 , one mini usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40X
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 , one micro usb 3 aa battery }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-05XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-07XP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-40XP
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , one usb-c, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam DR-100mkIII 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tascam 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| , usb , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2006 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0095
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2007 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2009 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0120
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 no driver, mini usb 5V and display will alternate between USB Card and USB Audio; press the Record button when USB Audio is displayed. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H2n 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V audio i/f press the Record. Press Record again to choose the default }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H4n PRO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2011 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 untested, 2xlr, 5v mini usb, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 no driver, 5v mini usb, 2 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H1n-vp handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 no driver, mini usb 5V }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom H6studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2008 untested usb a cord, no hdmi, 480p}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q3HD Handy Video Recorder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2010 untested, built in usb-a cord, mini hdmi, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries, H.264 movies 480p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q2HD Handy 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2012 untested, up 720p but no stablisation, mini usb cord, 1 hour on 2 AA batteries}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zoom Q4N 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1686
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 untested, li-ion battery}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Audio Technica ATR4697-USB Boundary Microphone
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;CAD Audio CAD USB Condenser Boundary Microphone 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;MXL AC-44 Boundary Conferencing Mic 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samson Audio SAUB1 Boundary Microphone (USB)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


USB Speakers 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Focal XS 2.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


USB Headset Wired/Wireless 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Logitech Vantage Wired (came free with PS2 Socom3)
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G330 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech Premium USB Stereo Headset 350
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics DSP-300 
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Plantronics GameCom 777
| 
| 
| 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Logitech G-930 Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| [http://www.makeuseof.com/tag/set-usb-wireless-earphones/ Plantronics Audio 995 Wireless RF] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| Sennheiser  Wireless
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be1e0QPIPK0 Mixers]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALESIS MULTIMIX 4 CHANNEL USB MIXER
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB FX (USB 1.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 18v 500mA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alesis - MultiMix 8 USB 2.0 FX (USB 2.0)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 usb compliant?, up to 16-bit/48kHz, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen&amp;Heath MixWiz16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen and Heath ZED Power 1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 8 xlr, usb-b out, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Allen &amp; Heath ZEDi-10
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; maybe not usb compliant, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX 302USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 5-Input Mixer/Audio Interface - 1 xlr - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q502USB Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 1 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx Q802USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 2*18.5V 250ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BEHRINGER XENYX 1204USB 8-Channel 2-Bus Mixer USB/Audio Interface Studio/Live
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle psu lead - can develop constant background hiss over time 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer XENYX X1222USB
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver - 12-Channel Analog Mixer with USB Interface and Effects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng HT-7 HT7USB 7 Channel Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2023 cheap no driver, USB MP3 player to work, format your USB stick Fat32 as a Logical drive - not primary}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng XT7 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Depusheng DT8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2025 cheap no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Spirit soundcraft Folio FX8 with Lexicon Effects Processor
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} unusual power connector - [https://github.com/lack/soundcraft-utils usb routing] -  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver, cheap mixer with 3pin ac input (introduces noise) and 1 usb-a port}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic Professional F7-Pro 7-Channel 2-Bus Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2022 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Weymic A80 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2024 no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Yamaha 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


Mixer no hardware usb 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ALTO Lynx MIX82FX Audio Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Alto L16 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MXUL5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer MX602A 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB502
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 17.5V 3pin psu needed}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB802 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1002 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 2 xlr,}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1202 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb 4 xlr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Eurorack UB1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer RX1602 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 802 XENYX 8-Input 2-Bus Mixer Small Format Mixer
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} Behringer 18.5V ???ma psu - 2 xlr - phanton power - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 502 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer Xenyx 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Behringer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;IMG stage Line MMX-122 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, iec cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 802VLZ4 Mackie 802-VLZ4
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb , psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie 1202-VLZ Pro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, mains iec}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix5 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 18v 300mA psu - 5 Channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie Mix8 Mixer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}} 9v x2 600mA psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mackie MIX12FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb, 4 xlr, 9v 500mA x2 psu, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.soundcraft.com/en/product_documents/en/owners_manual Soundcraft] Spirit Folio F1 Fader 100 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} 16 Channel Mixer - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM6 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM8 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Harman Soundcraft EPM 12 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}} iec kettle power lead - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft EPM 16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 8FX
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI12
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad UI16
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; connect via wifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Soundcraft Notepad 124FX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, 14.8V x2 3 pin psu}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;t.mix xmix 1402fx mp usb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection, mains iec, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no hardware usb connection}}
|-
|}


==Webcameras==

A USB camera has two dedicated chips: a controller or bridge and an image sensor.

There was no Commodore support for video interfaces. The only commercial, now discontinued application that defined some sort of standard was VHI Studio by iospirit.

===OLD standards===

See [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_supported_e.html support pages] and [http://www.e3b.de/usb/main_faq_e.html here] and some [http://webcam-osx.sourceforge.net/cameras/index.php?orderBy=status further compatibility]


Pencam STV680
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| AIPTEK stv680 
| 0x0553 
| 0x0202 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Konica e-mini 
| 0x04c8 
| 0x0722 
|
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| DigitalDream l'espion XS 
| 0x1183 
| 0x0001 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| [http://reviews.cnet.com/webcams/creative-webcam-go/1707-6502_7-1446174.html Creative WebCam Go mini] 
| 0x041e 
| 0x4007 
|
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


SonixcamTool (Sonix webcams and derivates)

'''Note [http://amigadev.free.fr/sonix/ some] Sonix Webcams with a Sonix SN9C1xx controller ''and'' a pas106b or tas5110c1b sensor support bulk mode which works even with pciusb.device!'''
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Macally IceCam II
| 0x0c45
| 0x05d8
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Sweex MiniCam 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6005 
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110c1b}}
|-
| Macally IceCam Portable 
| 0x0c45
| 0x6007
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor tas5110d}}
|-
| Sweex 100K 
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6009 
| 0x0101
| {{yes|bulk works - sensor pas106b}}
|-
| [http://www.epinions.com/pr-Chicony_TwinkleCam_Webcam/display_~full_specs Chicony Twinkle DC-2110A] 
| 0x0c45
| 0x600d
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45
| 0x601e
| 
| {{no|no}}
|-
| USB PC Camera (SN9C102)
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6028
| 
| {{no|no - sn9c10x + pas202b}}
|-
| Trust SpaceC@m 120 and 150
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6029
| 
| {{N/A|untested - sensor pas106a}}
|-
| HiRes Webcam Live
| 0x0c45 
| 0x602c
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| [http://www.sweex.com/en/assortiment/sound-vision/webcams/JA000020 Sweex USB Webcam 300K]
| 0x0c45
| 0x608f
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Speedlink Sphere Webcam SL-6820, 350K
| 0x0c45
| 0x613c
| 0x0101
| {{N/A|untested - sensor HV7131R}}
|-
| WB-3250P
| 0x0c45
| 0x613e
| 
| {{no|no - sensor ov7630}}
|-
| Unknown
| 0x0c45 
| 0x6207
| 
| {{no|no}}
|}

&lt;pre&gt;
micromaxx USB Camera 	STM 	1363 	514 	works 	---
USB Tower 	Lego 	1684 	1 	works 	need NCQ
Trust Spycam 100plus 	STM 	1363 	514 	works
&lt;/pre&gt;


ov51x.class - no driver
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link VGA Webcam (640x480) 
| 0x05a9
| 0x8519
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Logitech/Logicool Black (ov519) SCEH-0004 
| 0x054c
| 0x0154
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Sony PS2 EyeToy Namtai Silver (ov519) SLEH-00031 SLEH-00030
| 0x054c
| 0x0155
| 
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


===UVC.class - [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set USB Device Class Definition for Video Devices or USB Video Class]===

 AROS does not supported as still needs an uvc.class which might create a virtual UVC.VHI or an expanded streaming device driver for use by AROS apps 

*2003 UVC 1.0 baseline streaming of uncompressed YUV422, MJPEG, and compressed MPEG-2 TS, DV 
*2005 [http://www.cajunbot.com/wiki/images/8/85/USB_Video_Class_1.1.pdf UVC 1.1] baseline HD 720p streams formats, usb2 support, 
*2012 [https://www.usb.org/document-library/video-class-v15-document-set UVC 1.5] added usb3 devices and compressed h.264 and VP8 formats 
*2019 the market is filled with UVC Compliant USB HDMI Capture


*Aros needs to read the camera’s class-specific Video Control (VC) unit and terminal descriptors.
*Identifies the devices as UVC-compatible and links it to the native UVC class driver, so no separate driver installation is required.
*Aros and camera determine the appropriate streaming settings, including format, resolution, and frame rate.
*Once set, video data moves from the image sensor to the onboard ISP, then through the USB controller and into the host system for viewing, analysis, or recording 
*More advanced functions, such as HDR, ROI, and hardware trigger support, can be managed 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HD VS009
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k 60hz ok for chat streams}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acasis 4K60 HDMI HDR Game Live Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| for chat streams }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AJA U-tap HDMI 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ASUS TUF CU4K30 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ATEN CAMLIVE HDMI to USB-C UVC Video Capture adapter UC3020 HDMI (F) TO USB-C M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 possibly UVC and UAC standard support allows up to 1080P @ 60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Live Streamer Cap 4K - BU113 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc usb3}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC515 video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra GC553
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra S GC553PROW 302AGC553DL2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1553
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 powered by good quality type C USB3 cable and 4K HDMI 2.0 cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVermedia Live Gamer Mini GC311 302AGC311DG9 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1311
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 uvc compliant up to 1080p 60fps capture and supports internal hardware H.264 encoding - if flashing blue light try another '''quality''' micro usb cable - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Ez Recorder 330 (ER330) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 designed to work independently and is generally not compatible as a plug-and-play UVC capture card }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer extreme3 GC551G2 (LGX3) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3551
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc compliant for intensive gaming streams, some vrr but no hdr with maximum recording resolution of 4K30/1080p60 from fully wired usb3 compatible cable - passing through 4K60/1080p120 Game Capture video capturing device HDMI}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra Pro GC553Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 usb3 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Ultra 2.1 GC553G2 61GC553G20BV video capturing device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 USB 3.2 Gen 1 (3.1 Gen 1)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia GC575
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 usb3 powered by Type C USB cable and 4K HDMI cable}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVMatrix 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ClonerAlliance Flint 4KP Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DIGITNOW U600 video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io HD
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Epiphan AV.io 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/elgatosf/capture-device-support Elgato HD60 S+]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x006C, 0x006E
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 4K 30FPS capture, 1080p 60FPS uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60 X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Cam Link 4K HDMI video capture card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0FD9
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 uvc compliant but can have usb disconnects}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 lite USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 USB 3.0 device }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EVGA XR1 Pro USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 USB 3.0 device with 1080/60 capture and 4K/60 passthrough}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap Game Link Raw - ezcap321 usb3.1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 2160p30, 1080p120 and 1440p60 HDMI input and pass-through. - 1080p120, 2160p30 and 1440p60 recording. - Latency less than 50ms uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCap GameDock Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 record at 4K30, 1440p60, and 1080p120}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZcap 360 Game Capture Extreme 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 USB 3.0, 4K 60FPS passthru and 1080p 240FPS}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;EZCAP 364 GameDock Extreme 2.1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Genki ShadowCast 1 &amp; 2, the Pro version 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HAUPPAUGE HD PVR Pro 60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  4K in/Out 1080P 60fps Capture and Streaming PC Connected and Stand Alone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;INOGENI 4K2USB3 2830 3826 HDMI 4K to USB 3.0 UHD 1080p Video Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2997
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0004
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 uvc compliant made in Canada - usb3-b socket and 1 hdmi 1080p from 23.98 up to 60p, 4K@30 fps maybe - }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Kondor Blue 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nanjing Magewell Electronics Co ltd USB 3.0 XI100DUSB-HDMI Pro Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB3.0 Silver HDMI Full HD Video Capture Device 1080p 32011 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 usb audio extract HDMI embedded audio output via headphones}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI PLUS 2K 32040 320400000
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2014 captures video up to 1920×1200, 1920×1080 or 2048×1080 at 60 fps over an HDMI capture from devices such as game consoles in up to DCI 4Kp60 4:2:0 input resolution, and it automatically upscales/downscales the signal to 2K for recording or streaming}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB capture HDMI Gen2 32060 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2015 1080p gets hot, 165M HDMI receiver, max input 2048x1080 60fps 4:4:4, RGB/YUV 4:4:4 8/10/12-bit, YUY 4:2:2 12-bit, up to 8-channel 24-bit HDMI-embedded audio at 192kHz, HDMI 1.4a, output from 480p to 1080p, YUY2/UYVY/RGB24/RGB32 support video cropping, up/down scaling, de-interlacing, aspect ratio conversion, color format conversion, frame rate conversion, flip and mirror, up to 2-channel IEC60958 audio streams, 5V 0.5A 2.5W, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K Plus 32090 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 limited by the bandwidth of USB 3.0, the maximum frame rate can only reach 30 fps when capturing}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Capture 4K PRO
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell Pro Convert IP to USB 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Captures one network eth NDI® High Bandwidth, NDI® HX2, NDI® HX3 sources or H.264/H.265 video source into software at resolutions up to 1080p60}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Magewell USB Fusion 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|versatile USB video capture device that allows users to switch between two HDMI inputs and one USB webcam input for live presentations}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ROLAND UVC-01 USB Video Capture
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sunplus Innovation Technology Inc. MiraBox HSV321 ARX321 Video Capture device 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;ox1bcf
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x2c99
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 uvc uac  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;UGREEN CM716 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| uvc uac but disable HDCP on your source device (PS4/PS5, Xbox) }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionTek UVC HD60 Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Aspire Crystal Eye AOA110 AOA150 0.3M 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2008 webcam }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer CAM 313 (PW313) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2019 uvc 1080p/30 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Streamer DUO 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2021 uvc 1080p/60 webcam}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[http://reviews.cnet.co.uk/webcams/creative-live-cam-optia-af-review-49294183/ Creative Live Cam Optia AF] 2.0M
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{no|2008 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR macro extensions + a cheap 50mm E-Series lens + some PVC tubing and a negative holder 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera chosen}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DSLR scanning using a macro lens, for the adapter, for a 3d printed negative holder) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{yes| if uvc camera used }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C270 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x046d
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0825
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|720p }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C910 C920 HD Pro 5Megapixels 720p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech C920s c922 HD Pro 5Megapixels 1080p 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|Output mjpg 1080p}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Brio 100 300 500 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}} 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech MX Brio 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|4k}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft's LifeCam HD-3000 HD-5000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x045e
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x0779
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;1.06
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Cinema 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft LifeCam Studio 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} sony imx179 1080p 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 1/2.8” Sony IMX291 image sensor, it's a 2MP, UVC-compliant, ultra-wide-angle, low light, high-speed USB 2.0 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} OV5648 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;razer kiyo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} 4 megapixel sensor 1080p 30fps 720p 60fps - 12 led ring light adjustable 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TeckNet C068 1.3mpixel HTD USB2.0 Camera Vimicro Z-Star Corp 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0AC8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 0x3420 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0x01FA
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wltechblog/thingino-installers/tree/main/wyze-cam-4 Wyze Cam V4] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0QLiC9QoQU firmware]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no| verified with os04d10 sensor (i2c 0x3c) but not GC4653 (i2c 0x29)}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;YEALINK(XIAMEN) NETWORK UVC50 is compatible with the UVC 1.1 protocol CP960-UVC50 and CP960-UVC80 kits PTZ, CP960-UVC30 Kit is UVC 1.5 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID 
| Product ID
| Revision 
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Amcrest ProHD 1080P WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera - 1080P (1920TVL), [https://www.ispyconnect.com/man.aspx%3Fn%3DAmcrest IP2M-841] nvr 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} h264/rtsp, motion detection, features Sony image sensor and Ambarella processor - rtsp://[username]:[password]@[IPaddress]:[port]/cam/realmonitor?channel=[channel]&amp;subtype=[stream] - [username] - username to login to the DVR or NVR, [password] - password, [IPaddress] - IP address of the device. If you are not on the same local network, this should be the external IP address of the device's network, [port] - port number, [channel] - channel number of the stream, [stream] - view the Main or Sub stream. (main stream is 0, sub stream is 1) , eg. rtsp://admin:admin@192.108.1.108:80/cam/realmonitor?channel=1&amp;subtype=1 - utilizing RTSP ( rtsp://user:pass@ipcam1 )  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Axis all modern ones 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg or MJPEG over HTTP
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;PTZ 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DLink DCS-5222 5222L network camera 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} camera streams H.264 over RTP controlled by RTSP 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dlink DCS900 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview 1080p [http://marc.merlins.org/perso/linuxha/post_2013-11-10_Reviewing-IP-Webcams-for-Linux-and-Zoneminder_Dlink-DCS900_-Ubnt-Aircam_-Foscam-FI8904W-FI8910W_-FFI9820W_-FI9821W_-Wansview-NCB541W_-and-Zavio-F3210.html#NCM625GA NCM625GA] IP Camera WiFi Wireless IP Security Camera , Full HD Plug n Play Home Surveillance / Baby Monitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}} RTSP/RTP + H264/mjpeg - play its HD stream without problem with vlc rtsp://ip/live/ch0 and getting  jpegs http://ipaddr/mjpeg/snap.cgi?chn=0 - methods involve transcoding h.264 video from the camera into jpeg's, which is cpu intensive - able to pull images manually, using http://username:password@ip/mjpeg/snap.cgi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Wansview NCB541W
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia Game Capture HD C281 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2011 standalone h.264 recording of up to component cable not hdmi but not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia GL310 Live Gamer Portable (LGP Lite)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working usb2 and USB Lite no uvc}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable ([https://github.com/Trouffman/octv_gears_lgp Model C875])  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 usb2 no uvc}}   
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX Live Gamer extreme GC550
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2015 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia LGX2 Live Gamer extreme2 gc550 plus gc551 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 but [https://github.com/ChrisAJS/lgx2userspace driver]}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Avermedia ExtremeCap UVC - BU110 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 maybe not uvc and uac}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer Portable 2 Plus GC513 Micro-USB Capture Box LGP2 Plus
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x07ca
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1513
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2017 powered by a standard Micro-USB cable, video capture output up to 1080p60 capture to hdmi in, standalone sd card recording on exFAT or FAT32 of .MOV, 2160p pass-through hdmi out to tv - no vrr - [https://www.avermedia.com/uk/support/download#ans_part firmware latest 2.1.7.13, 2.1.7.14], SN74AVC8T245 8bit, DRV604 stereo, iTE IT6663FN hdmi 2.0 splitter, TLV320DAC3101 DAC, CS42L73 audio codec, CDCE913 PLL clock, W29N01HVSINA nand bios, I-Catch V35MA SOC CPU 32bit MIPS24K, ADV7480 hdmi mhl, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;AVerMedia Live Gamer 4K LG4K GC573 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc but [https://github.com/derrod/lg4k-linux drivers here], }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Blackmagic intensity Extreme Capture Card
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;BlackMagic Intensity Pro 4k 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2015 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Video Capture (1VC108601000)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD60 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato Game Capture HD GCHD 2GC309901000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc https://github.com/tolga9009/elgato-gchd needs firmware mb86h57_h58_idle.bin and mb86h57_h58_enc_h.bin - mini usb}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elgato HD60S Elgato Game Capture 4K60 S+ Video Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|non uvc, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;August EZCap.tv model 116 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} poor audio recording 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;E-SDS Diamond Maplin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1212 HD PVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} analog and component only - PlayStation (.m2ts), AVCHD (ts), or XBox(.mp4) recording formats - switched the component output from the default YPbPr to RGB. 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1431 1445 HD PVR Gaming Edition HDMI Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 not working, can get warm}}  
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD Rocket 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge HD-PVR2 (model 145210 Rev E4) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xE502
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1480 1482 HD PVR 2 GE Gaming Edition HDMI Capture green LED - 1498 1503 1504 Plus version with Mac support 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040 
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe514 0xe524
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| can get warm - [https://ez.analog.com/video/w/documents/581/adv7482-design-support-files ADV7482] [https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9201075/ video chip] with Magnum DXT H.264 encoder blob, IDR keyframe generation poor - best for model 157210 and not 157221 and Game Edition Plus (model 157320) 2040:E505 E505-00-00AF1234 [http://www.hauppauge.com/site/support/linux.html#tabs-3 ]}} 
* HDMI: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480i, 720x576i, 640x480p60.
* Component: 1920x1080p50/60, 1920x1080i50/60*, 1280x720p50/60, 720x480p60, 720x480i, 720x576i.
* Composite: 720x480i and 720x576i 
* Audio Inputs : HDMI PCM and RCA support with Adjustable Bitrate Quality 2 Channel AAC/AC3 audio codec 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge 1512 HD PVR 2 PC blue LED with optical in input on the back 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe525
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }} can get quite warm - IR Blaster added - 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge Colossus2 E585-00-00AF4321 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2040
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0xe585
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion SLIDES2PC 35mm Portable Slide &amp; Film Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Ion Pics 2 PC 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ION PowerScan USB film and slide scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2011 not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Koolertron Sunny 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;FilmScan35 35mm Film Negative Scanner 1304 marks spencer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;U3 HD Capture 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/openrazer/openrazer Razer Ripsaw HD] Game Capture (RZ20-01780100)
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2017 not uvc put in usb2 slot and use video BGR3 (Emulated) and OpenRazer drivers }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Razer Ripsaw HD USB HDMI Capture Card 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1532
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0d01
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2018 not uvc compliant}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Silvercrest 35mm Photo Slide Scanner 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc but not great quality}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Z-Star Microelectronics Corp. Traveler TV 6500 SF Dia-scanner
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0ac8
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3370
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2010 not uvc and poor scans}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| not uvc }}
|-
|}


=== WebAR + WebVR = WebXR Headset ===

 AROS needs an usb based uvc.class to vhi like type driver for virtual display 

The primary engineering challenge of VR is motion sickness caused by a mismatch of visual and inner ear information, which is extremely well established as causing people to throw up in a wide range of contexts outside of VR. The experiences that make some people sick are low framerate. Foveated rendering doesn't solve vergence accommodation. Your eye will still be focused at infinity regardless of where you are looking, you'll just have the illusion that the foreground or background are out of focus. Eye tracking plus dynamic lenses (perhaps liquid lenses) or real light fields are necessary. 

First start with apps that have simple static features at first, then advance to dioramasa and teleportation options for 10, 20 minutes and then gradually upgrade over a timespan of four weeks to train your brain. Avoid smooth motion stuff like rollercoaster or mountain heights until much later. Even with this preparation, VR makes 40% of people seasick nausea. If so, you may be able to use VR glasses just to watch videos and some slow moving apps [https://www.emuvr.net/ emuVR] instead.

*2014-2019 1st Gen, low resolution, 
*2020-2025 2nd Gen, higher resolution, 
*2026-

Most hardware typically has a 1-3 year retail lifespan with 1-3 years of updates after. Really need &quot;right&quot; tethered PCVR rather than wireless. 
The advantage to being tethered to a PC is processing power. Any standalone headset is going to be running purely off of batteries.

VR and AR are known as XR

Technology will get immersed enough so not making people sick. Higher resolution, faster frame rates, and [https://github.com/opentrack/opentrack better tracking]. 
Eventually, hyper reality brings VR, AR and MR digital layers together as a less chaotic, optic tracking with no delay, agents understanding, experiences with objects 

3Dgs 4Dgs gassian splats bullet time slice photo snaps .ply for WebXR 

[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/hardware/ ], 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Big Screen Beyond 1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 pcvr 2560 x 2560, fixed IPD,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 @75Hz 2688x2688 @90Hz over pancake lenses, 116 FOV, virtual screens, custom facial plate from iphone app, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, no passthrough, 107g-196g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;bigscreen Beyond 2e 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr oled 5120 x 2560 total up to 90Hz pancake lens 116 FOV adjustable IPD app needed for adjustment, eye tracking, custom face mask cushion, streamvr 2.0 basestations and controllers not included, seperate head strap and speaker modules extra costs, 110g-300g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dpvr P1 Pro 4k Ultra Vr Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 wireless snapdragon, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;DPVR P2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream MR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android modular 3840x3552 uoled per eye 90Hz or qled mura issues, Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, eye tracking and 11 cameras 7 sensors 22 ir leds 14ms latency and foveated rendering, 1.5hrs battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Play for Dream GravityXR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 ultralight head gear gx100 3w }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://lvra.gitlab.io/docs/community/ Valve Index HMD] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 tethered PC VR headset 1440 x 1600 120Hz, 108° and 104° FOV, fresnel lenses, SteamVR2 compatible tracking ir basestations, controllers aka Knuckles, dp 1.2 and usb3 cable proprietary cable end, no battery, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Valve Steam Frame (Valve Deckard / Valve’s Index 2) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 - 2160 x 2160 up to 144Hz pancake lens, 108° and 96° FOV, wifi 6 fovelated streaming, Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 with [https://github.com/FEX-Emu/FEX fex] arm-to-x86 x64 translation layer, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|2023 PCVR with adapter, two, one for each eye, 2000 x 2040 resolution OLED panels from 90Hz 120Hz refresh rates,  fresnel lenses, 116° and 102° FOV, sony proprietary headset cable end, needs additional comfort options, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VisionPro
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Goertek glasses 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive ?
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| 2016 2x 1080x1200 needs external power supply, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Original 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 108° and 96° FOV}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2016 , uvc, at least 2 powered steamvr basestations so 3 to 5 wall warts in total, proprietary cable end, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 dual 1440x1600 oled displays, 116° and 100° FOV - steamvr 2.0 basestation 2 for 5m2 area 4 for 10m2 - steamvr 2.0 joypads - low latency wireless later - type USB-c headphone adapter required, [https://github.com/CertainLach/VivePro2-Linux-Driver Rust on Linux] with [https://github.com/santeri3700/vive-pro-2-on-linux Shell], proprietary cable end, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lynx R2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 company liquidated, 2 x 2312x2160 110 FOV pancake lenses, LynxOS android Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen, openxr 1.1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://www.virtual-boy.com/forums/t/the-oculus-rift-dk1-thread/ DK1] with [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X_T4DJyy2Bo wired razer hydra controllers]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2013 pcvr LCD 1280 × 800 resolution 640 × 800 per eye up to 110° FOV, and 3DoF rotational tracking via a 1000Hz 9-axis IMU (Accelerometer, gyroscope, and magnetometer), no positional optical tracking either inside-out or outside-in, 380g, nausea issues, , }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oculus Rift prototype development kit [https://github.com/facebookarchive/RiftDK2/tree/master DK2], [https://www.ifixit.com/Teardown/Oculus+Rift+Development+Kit+2+Teardown/27613 ifixit teardown] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2014 pcvr, 5.7&quot; Super AMOLED display with a resolution of 960 x 1080 per eye 100° field of view, 1 usb Positional Tracker DK2 camera, lots of wires}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook [https://github.com/thaytan/OpenHMD/tree/rift-kalman-filter Oculus Rift CV1] [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] [] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/issues/330 AMD usb issues] [https://github.com/OpenHMD/OpenHMD/wiki/Xorg ] [https://github.com/Doc-Ok/OculusRiftCV1Camera Live Video] [https://www.youtube.com/@thaytan Youtube] [https://github.com/Fredrum/riftOnLinux Pi] [https://github.com/OhioIon/riftDriverPi ], but not quite there with the [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DSsCN6HFkWc consumer CV1], [https://forum.dcs.world/topic/142259-cv1-not-working-in-dcs/#comment-2878168 orange led could be HDMI Signal is not within HDMI Spec and might be Overclocked or usb3 not getting enough power frustrating],  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x3031, 0x2031, 0x0031 and 0x0211 for 3p-a basestations lighthouses, 0x045e 0x02e6 for xbox wireless adapter 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 powered run from your PC maybe uvc via wired dual PenTile OLED 2160x1200 (1080x1200 per eye) @ exactly 90Hz but screen door effect (space between pixels), 87 FOV, IPD from 58mm to 72mm, good 3D audio and okay mic, constellation headset 6DOF (3-axis rotational tracking + 3-axis positional tracking) with up to 3 usb infrared basestation (1 in front and 2 behind pointing upwards) on usb3 and usb2 to your PC but the tracking can be fragile so set it up on a weekly basis, wired only HDMI 1.3, USB 3.0 bus powered with proprietary plug in headset, 470g 1lb front heavy, 2 robust 1st Gen touch controllers with external sensors i.e. outside-in - 1 aa alkaline over rechargable battery each , press occulus and B buttons for 2 secs to connect, headset traps air so gets very warm inside and random disconnects due to twisting action on the top of the headset and/or cables, t4 torx screws }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Go 32Gb 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018 discontinued 2020 android based, 1280x1440 per eye 60Hz LCD, not gaming, no inside-out and limited self tracking, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Oculus Rift S [https://noraisin.net/diary/?m=202201 some Linux support] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0051 headset (cdc, audio, tracking data), 0x2052 usb hub, 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 PCVR wired dual LCD 1080 by 1200, 88 horizontal FOV, display port (fibre optic strands) and annoying USB3 copper cables (power, audio and other data) but proprietary port in the headset, cameras on the headset (&quot;inside-out&quot;) tracking so no base stations, non removeable head band and cushions and ipd hard to set, requires specific fragile Rift S/Quest1 2nd Gen Touch controllers which has a ring of translucent plastic with leds inside - t5 torx to disassemble for sticks drifting}} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest 1 
*032Gb
*064Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0183 (single adb boot), 0x0
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 android standalone wireless, 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, front heavy though, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, low clocked Qualcomm Snapdragon 835 (MSM8998) (4x Kryo 280 Gold cores ARM Cortex-A73) + (4x Kryo 280 Silver A53), 2 to 3 hrs play time, 575g, 2nd Gen touch controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 2 KW49CM aka Codename Del Mar [https://www.meta.com/en-gb/help/quest/967070027432609/ fragile 3rd Gen Touch controllers] [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cgejky8ZeoM internal battery] and selling over 20 million, more than all other quest headsets combined 
*064Gb 
*128Gb (110Gb free) 
*256Gb 
Setup continuous wifi, create Meta Oculus account, [https://developers.meta.com/horizon/ verify dev account, click on My apps], [ create Organization -&gt; My Organization Groupings], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QPInS5xxF-0 finally, meta quest mobile app to switch on adb], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x5010 (), 0x0083 (massstorage), 0x0086 (), 0x0186 (adb and xrsp [https://github.com/shinyquagsire23/xrsp_tests tests]), 0x0090 (composite adb), 0x0081 (), 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0419
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 android stand alone, lcd 1832x1920 per-eye 90Hz refresh rate, 97 FOV, fresnel lenses, 6DOF (degrees of freedom), 58-63-68 IPD settings, low clocked Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 1 apps with Meta Link cable USB-C usb3.2 pcvr maybe, b/w but no color passthrough, 6 t2 torx and 5 ph00 screws in headset (long bit), discontinued December 31, 2024, feature updates until December 2026, critical bug fixes and security updates until December 2027, 470g, Oculus + B button on right controller (move) and Menu + Y button on left controller (click) for about 3 seconds, 10W 5v 2a, RTL8153 chipset usb support, 
*V60 unable to 
*V77 pcvr issues 
*V79 unable to }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Facebook Occulus Quest Pro aka Codename Seacliffe 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 android standalone wireless 1440 x 1600 72Hz oled, 106° and 96° FOV mini lcd local dimming, pancake lenses, limited eye tracking, play area 2m x 2m or bigger, higher clocked snapdragon xr2 gen 1 arm cpu Arm apps, 1 to 2 hrs play time, new pro controllers with 3 cameras each, battery at rear, wireless charging, color passthrough, 9V 3A or 5V 3A, 
*v77 capped wifi }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Oculus Quest 3 aka Codename Eureka [ Air Light ALVR] or [ WiVRn] with fragile touch plus q3 controllers 
*128Gb
*512Gb
streaming from PC with [https://github.com/alvr-org/Monado-ALVR ALVR], runtime of [https://monado.freedesktop.org/ Monado steamvr alternative openxr openVR], with Envision GUI, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 standalone, pancake lenses on lcd 2064 x 2208 res panel per eye 1200ppi - 104° and 96° FOV - up to 120Hz, Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 apps,  foveated rendering, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, headstrap clamshell or halo style, speaker arms fragile, color passthrough, 510g, 18W 9v 2A or 15W 5V 3A, 
*v74 ok }}
*v76 pcvr issues }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Quest 3S aka Codename Ventura 
*128Gb
*256Gb
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 Arm snapdragon xr2 gen 2 cpu, lcd 1832 x 1920 fresnel lenses, 97 FOV, headphone arms fragile, better air flow, no promixity sensor inside, Meta Link cable USB-C 3.2, passthrough, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Boba 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027 ultra-wide 180° x 120° FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Meta Tiramisu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x2833
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2027  µOLED displays with 90 pixels per degree,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 5K Super Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax 8K-X 8KX 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Light 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 2160 x 2160 4k 120Hz, 115° and 96° FOV, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, variable qc and customer service, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Crystal Super 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tethered to PC with 3640 x 3640 4k 90hz, 116°+ and 100° FOV,  eye tracking, inside-out tracking, no battery, display port cable, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air with Lighthouse(s)  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 tethered 3840 by 3552 @90Hz micro oled with pancake lens, 100 HFOV 96 VFOV but FOV IPD changes in app, link box for headset 2 split y cables, removable face gasket, 290g, steamVR2 bases and controllers, eye tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pimax Dream Air SLAM 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026  Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) tracking inside-out so no base stations,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://somniumspace.com/ Somnium VR One VR1] [https://portal.vrgineers.com/user-guide/software/ open source] VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 pcvr 2880 x 2880 per eye @90 @120Hz, 125° horizontal 100° vertical FOV, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 bases, passthrough, 900g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero VR-1 Headset 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 psu needed, 2 x Mini LED binocular of 150 nits, 2880x2720 per, 90Hz, FOV 102° horizontal, 73° vertical, 720g with headstrap, 2 x SteamVR 2.0 basestations, no speakers/mic, hdmi and usb3.0}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Varjo Aero XR-4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Camelo La Melaza Music Shield 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2026 no usb only bluetooth ,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;InAir 2 elite suite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar  nits 46FOV , , 4h battery life, 80g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Oakley Vanguard 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3s 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 100in 46FOV 650nits, usb-c 79g  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 3S Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 135in virtual display 46FOV 1200nits, usb-c 80g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;RayNeo Air 4 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AR oled vision 4000 processing, HDR10, 47 FOV }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid Max 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 50 FOV 650nits, usb-c back left, 76g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid AI Spatial with Station 2 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 AR 600nits 147in 50FOV  75g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Rokid 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| ar ai smart glass}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 135in 46 FOV 1000nits, magnetic connector, 77g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE XR Luma 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 147in 1200p 50 FOV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 152in 52 FOV 1000nits 1200p, 3dof, , 79g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Luma Ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 in  FOV, 2 cameras, 3dof 6dof,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/wheaney/XRLinuxDriver Viture Luma Pro] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Viture Beast 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 1250nits 58FOV 174in, magnetic,  88g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;VITURE Beast X Glasses models (Immersive 3D Moonlight) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 based 2D to 3D conversion with support DP Alt Mode (DisplayPort over USB-C), 1200p, 3df tracking, practic lenses 58deg POV, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xreal One 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 600nits, 50FOV, 3dof, usb-c 84g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;XReal One Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 ar 700nits 57FOV 171in, usb-c, x1 3dof, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Air 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 , micro-oled 1080p, audio, virtual uvc ar displays, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Nreal now Xreal Real3D 1S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 AI based 2D to 3D conversion 57 FOV, , virtual uvc ar displays not vr, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xiami XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Xtal 8k
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Apple Vision Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 tethered AR mixed reality glasses,   3300ppi, 800g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Google XR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 standalone }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Plus 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 android with 2 1440 x 1600 75Hz amoled, inside-out, durable motion controllers, Vive port,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Pro EYE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 dual-OLED displays 2880 x 1600 combined resolution), SteamVR 2.0 tracking, foveated rendering, Tobii, it enables gaze-based menu navigation with avatar eye contact, proprietary cables, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2018  poor tracking and lifespan on controllers,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vibe Cosmos Elite 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2020 1440x1700 per eye resolution, 90 Hz refresh rate, 6 DoF tracking, 2880 x 1700 combined pixel resolution, 97° FoV, two controllers and two base stations. Lighthouse tracking, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus Vision Wired 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive Focus 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2021 per-eye resolution of 2448×2448 at 90 Hz, a 120-degree field of view, Qualcomm Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HTC Vive XR Elite VR Headset Deluxe Pack 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2022 snapdragon xr2 gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pico Goblin 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 android based, 2.5K 1280x1440 per eye @70Hz, 92° FoV, and 3DoF (three degrees of freedom) tracking (Orientation tracking only—yaw, pitch, roll), single controller, snapdragon 820, ipd adjustment 54-71 mm, 600g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico G2 4K
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 android standalone VR headset, 3840 x 2160 (4K) LCD screen, Snapdragon 835 processor, 3DoF so rotational movement (looking around, pointing) rather than positional movement (walking, leaning), does not support hand or eye tracking, 800g }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico NEO 2 EYE
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 6DoF 360g snapdragon 845 display 4k 75Hz tracking inside-out - magnetic field for controllers - pico software on android 8 - eye tracking }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 Snapdragon XR2 Gen, 4K 3664 x 1920 90Hz lcd, battery at rear, displayport, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Pro 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico Neo 3 Link 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160x2160 panel per eye 75Hz 90Hz 105 FOV, Arm snapdragon xr gen 1, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 4 ultra 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2023 2160 x 2160 @90 105 FOV, snapdragon XR2 G2, streaming from PC with alvr, wireless streaming from PC with WiVRn, Pico apparently emulates Oculus controllers, not plug and play, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico 5 aka Project Swan aka Vision Pro Competitor 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 micro-oled BOE 3840 x 3840 4000ppi per eye, MLA pancake lenses, custom pico arm cpu, pico os 6 android, eye and hand tracking, 300g,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;ByteDance Pico  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung Galaxy XR VR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 3552 x 3840 @60-90 109 FOV , Arm snapdragon XR2+ Gen 2, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall MeganeX 8K 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2024 android  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8k MeganeX Superlight 8K] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 android (3552 x 3840 pixels) into pixel count yields 27.27MP 10-bit HDR-compatible 4K resolution micro OLED panels @90Hz, pancake lenses 94 FOV, SteamVR™ tracking, 180g, 5V 2A, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://en.shiftall.net/products/meganex8kmk2 MeganeX 8K Mk2 MkII] [https://github.com/sboys3/CustomHeadsetOpenVR community] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 pcvr linux, 4K per eye (1.35inch micro OLED 3552x3840 10 bit HDR) 27MP @90Hz 75Hz 72Hz pancake, upto 108 hor 100 vert FOV, usb-c and dp cables to breakout box, 5V 2.1A, 200g}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2026 }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Shiftall 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer Windows(TM) MR AH101 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Dual 2.89” LCD panels 2880 x 1440 combined (1440 x 1440 per eye) Up to 90Hz (HDMI 2.0), or 60Hz (HDMI 1.4), Field of View FOV 95, Tracking Inside-out, lots of light leak, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Acer H7001 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 wmr 1440 x 1440 per-eye resolution @90Hz refresh rate, and 100-degree field of view FOV, inside-out tracking with front-mounted cameras so no external sensors, flip-up visor design but has a &quot;screen door effect,&quot; subpar foam padding, win10 to win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Dell Visor Mixed Reality VRP100 VR118
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 2x 1440x1440 a bit of nose light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Fujitsu 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2017 cheap and lots of light leak }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/HadesVR HadesVR] with [https://github.com/ManoloMancelli/Persephone-Classic-Controller Persephone Controller]
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HFaVjB1uNOM Persephone 3 Pro DiY 6Dof SteamVR Headset], 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP Reverb G1 VR1000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 WMR 2160 x 2160 @90Hz, 115 FOV, , hp proprietary headset cable end, 2 camera tracking but poor and controllers can be unresponsive, 500g front heavy, flight sims rather than gaming,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 1440p Spatial Computing 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dim display }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://forums.x-plane.org/forums/topic/294764-vr-in-linux-without-steam/ HP Reverb G2] WMR VR3000 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2020 2 2160 x 2160 90Hz, needs Windows10 or Win 11 24H2, 4 camera tracking, controllers can be unresponsive, hp proprietary headset cable end, , }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;HP 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Mirage Solo is a Standalone VR headset
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 Qualcomm Snapdragon 835, 1280x1440 per eye resolution, 75 Hz refresh rate, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lenovo Explorer VR2511N (G0A2) VR windows mixed reality (WMR) 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 LCD 2.89&quot; 1440 x 1440 per eye @90Hz, 6 DOF position tracking, 400g, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;[https://github.com/relativty/relativty open source relativty] 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey XE800ZAA WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2018 9V 500mA oled screens 2x 1440x1600 with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung MHD Odyssey+ Plus WMR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2019 dual 3.5-inch AMOLED displays 2880 x 1600 total @90Hz, 6DOF inside-out tracking with usb3 and hdmi cables but bluetooth dongle required, use only win10 or win11 24H2,  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony PSVR 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2016 2x 1080x960 up to 120Hz, lots of cables and computation brick, sony camera needed for tracking, ps4 or move controllers, }} 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|1992 , , Amiga 3000 with TI chips, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Virtuix Omni 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2013 VR treadmill changed course to commercial VR and pivotted back again 2020, }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== HDMI CEC transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


=== TV Remote Control MCE IR transmitter and receiver ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Compro K100 K300
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elitegroup Computer Systems
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x1019
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0f38
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;GMYLE MCE 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{Maybe|acts as usb-hid with limited keyboard like controls }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Hauppauge WinTV-PVR kit
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Logitech Harmony 300 i300 600 650 800 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft MCE Commander 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|2005 need extra software support}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2005 home top of square shape direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1039 rev 2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2006 home under circle spaced direction keys}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Microsoft 1069 SMK Manufacturing, Inc
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0609
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0334 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2007 untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Philips RC1974506/00 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0471
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0815
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE10E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AR21M VGX-XL100 VGN-AR21B/AR21S 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE20E PC REMOTE CONTROL
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE30E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGN-AW21XY VGX-TP3E VGX-TP3G 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sony RM-MCE50E PC REMOTE CONTROL VGC-LA2R 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;TSDX-IR14 USB MCE Media Center External Infrared IR Receiver
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;chipsets support CIR (consumer IR) Winbond W83977F/AF, SMC IrCC 2.0 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|technical reasons it's not possible to use USB IrDA dongles}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Zotac RC2604323/01G Zbox Media Remote Control with IR USB Receiver OVU710
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Anycubic Cobra 2 Max 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs A1 Mini 3D printer 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{No|2019 EMS proprietary slicer app and cloud use, eSUN}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X1 Carbon 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2022  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Bambu Labs X2D 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K1
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality K2
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Creality 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Elegoo 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Lulzbot 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Prusa 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Qidi 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Snapmaker U1 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk|2025 tool changer  }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Sovol SV08 Max
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| open source voron model, }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;desktop pick and place machines AFARCO PNP running OpenPnP for Desktop SMT 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|}


==ethwrap.class - Host Data Link &quot;Cable Bridge&quot; for data transfer==

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Advance USBNET (eTEK design)
| 0x0525
| 0x9901
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ALi Uli M5632 (chip)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Aten (Ali Corporation) UN201
| 0x0402
| 0x5632
| 
| {{maybe|force binding from rawwarp to ethwrap}}
|-
| Belkin (eTek design see below)
| 0x050d
| 0x0004
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Digitus DN-3004 - USB Host Link
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works}}
|-
| EPSON USB client
| 0x0525
| 0x2888
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| eTEK
| 0x056c
| 0x8100
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| KC-190
| 0x050f
| 0x0190
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no driver the half-duplex GL620USB is NOT supported, products using it include the Inland Pro USB Quick Link}}
|-
| GeneSys GL620USB-A
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Laplink Gold (uses NetChip 1080)
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Prolific 2301/2302 (Jaton USB ConNET) (BAFO DirectLinq) 
| 0x067b
| 0x0000 and 0x0001
| 0x0004
| {{maybe|detected but untested}}
|-
| Xircom PGUNET (uses AnchorChips 2720)
| 0x0547
| 0x2727
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}

==cdcacm.class - USB modem==

The CDC ACM driver exposes the USB modem as a virtual serial modem or a virtual COM port to the operating system. The driver enables sending both data and AT commands, either through ACM (separating data and AT commands over different channels) or through Serial Emulation (passing the AT commands as is and as part of the data stream).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Alcatel OT-I650 
| 0x1bbb
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Acatel Dymamode/Dynamite
| 0x06b9
| 0xa5a5
| 
| {{N/A|untested Zyxel Prestige 630-13 - untested PROLiNK Hurricane 8000 external link }}
|-
| AnyData ADU-100A ADU-E100A ADU-E100D ADU-E100H D10
| 0x16d5
| 0x6501
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-310
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-500A ADU-510A ADU-510L ADU-520A
| 0x16d5
| 0x6502
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| AnyData ADU-610 ADU-620
| 0x16d5
| 0x650
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| BT On-Air USB MODEM 
| 0x079b
| 0x000f
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM CX93010 
| 0x0572
| 0x1321
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant USB MODEM RD02-D400 
| 0x0572
| 0x1324
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Conexant Chipset 
| 0x06ea
| 0x0002
| 
| {{N/A|untested AUS N367 Roadster II 56 USB (Model AM5050R3) - untested }}
|-
| [http://accessrunner.sourceforge.net/ Conexant AccessRunner]
| 0x0586
| 0x330a
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| Creative Modem Blaster USB DE5670
| 0x1690
| 0x0101
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| FIREFLY, MediaTek Inc
| 0x0e8d
| 0x0003
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Huawei E122
| 0x12d1
| 0x1446
| 
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=49126#forumpost49126]
|-
| Huawei E160, E160E, E160G
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=51888#forumpost51888] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6246)
|-
| Huawei E169 also known as Vodafone K3715 and Huawei K3715 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
|{{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=4941&amp;forum=4&amp;post_id=44683#forumpost44683] (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)
|-
| Huawei E220 &quot;Vodafone EasyBox II&quot; &quot;T-Mobile wnw Box Micro&quot; also known as Huawei K3565 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
|
| {{yes|works, see E169 above (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6280)}}
|-
| Huawei E1750
| 0x12d1
| 0x1001
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM6290)}}
|-
| Huawei E170, E172, E176 
| 0x12d1
| 0x1003
| 
| {{N/A|untested (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| Huawei E180
| 0x12d1  
| 0x1406
| 
| {{yes|Works (Chipset: Qualcomm MSM7200)}}
|-
| KYOCERA AH-K3001V 
| 0x0482
| 0x0203
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| LG CU515
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| MediaTek Inc GPS 
| 0x0e8d
| 0x3329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Metricom GS Modem 
| 0x0870
| 0x0001
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola MOTOMAGX phones 
| 0x22b8
| 0x6425
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Motorola Q Phone 
| 0x22b8
| 0x7000
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Hummingbird huc56s (Conexant) 
| 0x0572
| 0x1329
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Netcomm Roadster II 128 ISDN
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Nokia n70 N95 HSDPA
| 
| 
| 
| {{yes|works - see [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=4415&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC here]}}
|-
| OGO
| 0x045E
| 0x0079
| 0090
| {{no|no driver}}
|-
| Olitec ADSL Modem V2 
| 0x08e3
| 0x0100 / 0x0102
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Onda PT502HS 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x19D2
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x0001
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Radicom V92HU-E2
| 
| 
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;Samsung i8510 Innov8 Symbian smartphone
| 0x04e8
| 0x6651
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Samsung Tocco Lite (aka GT-S5230)
| 0x04e8
| 0x6795
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| {{yes|works}} [http://aros-exec.org/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=5552&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=ASC&amp;type=&amp;mode=0] 
|-
| Shiro / Aztech USB MODEM UM-3100 
| 0x0572
| 0x1328
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1602
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1608
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| ZyDAS 56K USB MODEM - new version 
| 0x0ace
| 0x1611
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Zoom Telephonics Model 3095F USB MODEM 
| 0x0803
| 0x3095
| 
| {{N/A|untested}}
|-
| Ugobe Pleo
| 0x6962
| 0x0100
| 0x0100
| {{Yes|Works}}
|}


==Misc==

palmpda.class - no [http://aminet.net/package/util/libs/PdaLinkPoseidon pdalink.library and tools] in AROS 

 Palm PDA (discontinued) synchronisation requires a port of pdalink.library and its tools through virtual usbpalm.device.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Palm IIIx (OS3.1) serial rs-232 only
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm IIIc (OS3.5)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm V
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m100
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m125 first USB - last with aaa batteries
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Palm m500 (OS4)
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Tungsten T (OS5) first arm cpu 
| 0x
| 0x
| 0x
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Zire 31 (OS 5.28) color arm-based
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring Visor]] – USB support out of box
|
|
|
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Handspring Treo 600 – last one for [[:w:Handspring (company)|Handspring]] 
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| Treo 700w
| 
| 
| 
| {{no|no }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


bluetooth.class - needs Bluetooth (Viking King Harald &quot;Bluetooth&quot; Gormsson (Old Norse: Haraldr Blátǫnn Gormsson; Danish: Harald Blåtand Gormsen) stack to work (not written due to licensing fees to use the symbol merging the Younger Futhark runes for H (ᚼ) and B (ᛒ), representing Harald's initials)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
|}


ccid.class - Chip/Smart Card Interface Devices (not implemented)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;cyberJack RFID basis
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x0C4B
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x9102
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;0001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{no|no driver}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{N/A|untested}}
|-
|}


dfu.class - DFU firmware upgrade
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 3, 4, 5, 5c 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;0x1290 0x1292 0x1294
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 32bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPhone 5s, 6, 7, 8, X 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;0x05ac
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| 64bit use with caution could cause damage}}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;M-Audio/Midiman USB audio
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Description
| Vendor ID
| Product ID
| Revision
| Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad 1, iPad 2 A1395 A1430, iPad 3, ipad mini A1432, iPad A1458 4th Gen (MD512LL/A),  
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008-2013 32bit A4, A5 up to Apple A6X, iOS 1 to 10, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air (1st generation) A1474, A1475, A1476, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014-2015 [https://github.com/AsahiLinux 64bit], A7, iOS 11 up to 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit A8, A8X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit A9, A9X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit A10, A10X, 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 64bit A11 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;iPad Air 3rd Gen A2153, A2123, A2154, iPad Mini 5th Gen, 
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit A12 
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;{{unk| }}
|-
|}


RocketTool (USB Rocket Launchers - Toy missile launchers)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Original Launcher and StrikerII (includes laser)
| 0x1130
| 0x0202
| 
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Missile Launcher or USB Cirus Cannon
| 0x1941
| 0x8021
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Dream Cheeky USB Webcam Missile Launcher
| 0x1941
|
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| Rocket Baby
| 0x0a81
| 0x0701
| 
| {{no|no driver }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


DRadioTool (FM Radios - USB radio devices D-Link/Gemtek)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| D-Link DSB-R100 USB 
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 0x0410
| {{yes|works }}
|-
| [http://www.neoseeker.com/forums/383/t257009-link-usb-dru-r100-radio/ GemTek USB FM Radio 21]
| 0x04b4
| 0x1002
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
| &lt;!--Description--&gt;
| &lt;!--Vendor ID--&gt;
| &lt;!--Product ID--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Revision--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


UproarTool (Valencia MPX mp3 player and others)
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;30%&quot; | Description 
! width=&quot;3px&quot; |Vendor ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Product ID
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Revision 
! width=&quot;50%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| Korean D Square Valencia MPX-Player
| 0x04e8
| various
| 
| {{N/A|untested }}
|-
|}


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>tejnpqcjes7sm2pg1cjpvizffitwm8o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>International Postage Meter Stamp Catalog</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>206595</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679181</id>
      <parentid>4676371</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:46:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jim Ashby</username>
        <id>3304668</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Welcome! */</comment>
      <origin>4679181</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="25309" sha1="gcxi45ir7gc5804ahez67hncayv98b3" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:&lt;span style=&quot;display:block;text-align:center;font-size:1%;font-style:italic;line-height:1em;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;}}
[[File:IPMSC Logo.png|800px|center]]
==&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:xxx-large&quot;&gt;''Welcome!''&lt;/span&gt;==

[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7a.jpg|left|200px]]
[[File:Vatican stamp type A1 with frame.jpg|right|450px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4DA.jpg|center|350px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
{{drop|P }}&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt;ostage meters first appeared experimentally at the end of the 19th century and came into general use worldwide starting in the 1920s. By the 1960s more mail was being franked by postage meter than with traditional adhesive stamps. The trend continues today as mechanical postage meters are displaced by newer and more versatile digital franking machines and systems.&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt;This is a catalogue of all the different types of postage meter stamps ever used to frank mail in the world. It organises and categorises the stamps by their appearance (design format) rather than by the meter model that printed them. It is thus a STAMP catalogue for use primarily by stamp collectors and is not a meter (machine) catalogue. It is an expansion of ''The International Postage Meter Stamp Catalog'', written and published by Joel Hawkins and Rick Stambaugh in 2005, and its 2008 Supplement.&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt;Comments, suggested changes, corrections, and additions to the catalogue are encouraged. Please e-mail Jim Ashby at &lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;tuvus80506@gmail.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
----

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large; color:green;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;'''''Recent changes'''''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
{| 
|- 
|style=&quot;width:33%; color: green;&quot;|
* 31 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B4'''&quot; 4d value added.'
* 31 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B13'''&quot; 00.00= value added.'
* 24 Nov: '''''&lt;u&gt;Belgium&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A4'''&quot; 4c and 5F50 values added.''
* 31 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Italy&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''EE9a'''&quot; added.''
* 17 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B8'''&quot; ½c and 12c values added.''
* 17 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B9'''&quot; 2½d, 1c, 2c and 17c values added.''
* 17 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''C2'''&quot; 5, 12 and 22 values added.''
* 20 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;USSR&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''DA3D'''&quot; added.''
* 27 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;Argentina&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''DA1B'''&quot; added.''
* 27 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;Finland&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''PO1d'''&quot; added.''
* 20 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;Great Britain&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A2'''&quot; updated.''
* 21 Sep: '''''&lt;u&gt;France&lt;/u&gt;''', &quot;'''Annex: Guadeloupe'''&quot; updated.''
* 06 Sep: '''''&lt;u&gt;Macau&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''C4'''&quot; added.''
* 01 Sep: '''''&lt;u&gt;Kenya&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''AA5'''&quot; added &quot;N&quot; prefix.''
* 01 Sep: '''''&lt;u&gt;Liechtenstein&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO2'''&quot; added.''
* 24 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Venezuela&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''ESY-UPF-MV-1'''&quot; added.''
* 24 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Vietnam&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''DA8'''&quot; added.''
* 20 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;India&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''DA12'''&quot; updated.''
* 13 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Russia&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PC1'''&quot; added.''
* 10 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Uzbekistan&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A1'''&quot; updated.''
* 10 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Uzbekistan&lt;/u&gt;''', Types &quot;'''A2'''&quot; &amp; &quot;'''B1'''&quot; added.''
* 26 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Angola&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A3.1'''&quot; added.''
* 25 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Iceland&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO1'''&quot; updated.''
* 25 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Western Samoa&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''1'''&quot; M#s updated.''
* 20 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Canada&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B1'''&quot; updated.''
|style=&quot;width:33%; color: green;&quot;|
* 20 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Japan&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''FE1'''&quot; added.''
* 20 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Japan&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''G4'''&quot; added.''
* 14 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B5.1'''&quot; added.''
* 13 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A2.0'''&quot; added.''
* 13 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A2.1'''&quot; updated.''
* 06 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Armenia&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''2'''&quot; added.''
* 06 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''A2.2d'''&quot; added.''
* 02 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Belgium&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A4'''&quot; values updated.''
* 01 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Great Britain&lt;/u&gt;''', Types &quot;'''A1'''&quot;, &quot;'''B7'''&quot; &amp; &quot;'''D5'''&quot; provisionals updated.''
* 26 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Nigeria&lt;/u&gt;''', Types &quot;'''A1'''&quot; and &quot;'''A4'''&quot; updated.''
* 21 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Types &quot;'''A2.1'''&quot; to &quot;'''A2.3'''&quot; updated.''
* 10 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Nigeria&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''B1b'''&quot; image added.''
* 10 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;St. Lucia&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''1'''&quot; date changed.''
* 10 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Solomon Islands&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''A1C'''&quot; image added.''
* 10 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Uruguay&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''AB11'''&quot; V/F &quot;large fixed zero&quot; added.''
* 26 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;Monaco&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B11'''&quot; &quot;HU&quot; prefix added.''
* 26 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;Turkey&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''FB4C'''&quot; added.''
* 25 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;South Africa&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''BA4B'''&quot; added.''
* 18 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;India&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''DC2B'''&quot; image added.''
* 18 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;Singapore&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''E2.2'''&quot; &quot;NC4&quot; prefix added.''
* 18 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;Singapore&lt;/u&gt;''', Group &quot;'''PV'''&quot; updated.''
* 28 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Philippines&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO-B1'''&quot; variety note added.''
* 24 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Iran&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A1'''&quot; image updated.''
|style=&quot;width:33%; color: green;&quot;|
* 14 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;USSR&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''C1B'''&quot; added.''
* 12 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Australia&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''A2e'''&quot; added.''
* 10 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Canada&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B4'''&quot; &amp; &quot;'''B6'''&quot; models updated.''
* 10 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Great Britain&lt;/u&gt;''', PB Model &quot;M/C/MS/CS/CV&quot; entries updated.''
* 10 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Indonesia&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B1'''&quot; M#27 added.''
* 06 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;China (PRC)&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''HA1D'''&quot; image updated.''
* 06 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Netherlands Antilles&lt;/u&gt;''', introduction updated.''
* 01 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Algeria&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO6.1'''&quot; added.''
* 01 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Tanzania&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A6'''&quot; added.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Algeria&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO9'''&quot; added.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Cook Islands&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''1'''&quot; machine model updated.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;France&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO-A2'''&quot; sub-types '''&quot;A&quot;''' and '''&quot;B&quot;''' added.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Netherlands&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''F3b'''&quot; image added.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Portugal&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''PO-B12a'''&quot; added.''
* 23 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Great Britain&lt;/u&gt;''', Group &quot;'''PO'''&quot; re-written.''
* 22 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Paraguay&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''ESY-UPF-MV-1'''&quot; added.''
* 18 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Argentina&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO-F8'''&quot; added.''
* 17 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Belgium&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO13'''&quot; added.''
* 17 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;French Polynesia&lt;/u&gt;''', Engraving varieties added to header''
* 16 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Latvia&lt;/u&gt;''', Types &quot;'''ED3, EE1-EE4 &amp; EF1'''&quot; updated.''
* 09 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Greece&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PV1'''&quot; added.''
* 03 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Korea, Republic (South)&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''PO-B6E'''&quot; added.''
|}
&lt;br&gt;

==&lt;span style=&quot;color:red; font-size:5; &gt;'''Table of Contents'''&lt;/span&gt;==

* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;'''[[/Introduction/]]'''&lt;/u&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:purple;&quot;&gt; (''The basics of meter stamp collecting'')&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
[[File: Netherlands stamp type D2.jpg|right|480px]]


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Glossary, Abbreviations and Symbols/]]'''&lt;/u&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:purple;&quot;&gt; (''Understanding the stamp descriptions'')&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Identifier/]]'''&lt;/u&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:purple;&quot;&gt; (''Find the country your stamp is from'')&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Meter Manufacturers Worldwide/]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
[[File: Norway stamp type A1 10 ore.jpg|right|180px]]


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Meter Stamp Collecting Societies/]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Bibliography/]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
----
{| 

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Abu Dhabi/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Afghanistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Aland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Albania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Algeria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/American Samoa/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Andorra/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Angola/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Anguilla/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Antarctica/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Antigua and Barbuda/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Argentina/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Armenia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Aruba/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Ascension Island/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Australia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Austria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Azerbaijan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Azores/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bahamas/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bahrain/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bangladesh/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Barbados/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Belarus/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Belgium/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Belize/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Benin/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bermuda/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bhutan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bolivia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bosnia &amp; Herzegovina/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Botswana/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Brazil/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''[[/British Indian Ocean Territory/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/British Virgin Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Brunei/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bulgaria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Burkina Faso/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Burundi/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cambodia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cameroon/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Canada/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Canal Zone/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cape Verde/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cayman Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Central African Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Chad/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Chile/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''[[/China (mainland, ROC &amp; PRC)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/China (Taiwan ROC)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Christmas Island/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cocos Island/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Colombia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Comoros/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Congo, Democratic Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Congo, Peoples Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cook Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Costa Rica/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Croatia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cuba/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Curacao/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cyprus/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Czechoslovakia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Czech Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Denmark/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Djibouti/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Dominica/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Dominican Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Dubai/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Dutch Caribbean/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/East African Community/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ecuador/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Egypt/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/El Salvador/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Equatorial Guinea/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Eritrea/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Estonia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Eswatini (Swaziland)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ethiopia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Falkland Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Faroe Islands /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Fiji/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Finland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/France/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French Equatorial Africa  /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French Guiana/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French Indochina/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French Polynesia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French West Africa/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Gabon /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/The Gambia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Georgia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Germany, Part 1/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Germany, Part 2/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Germany, Part 3/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ghana/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Gibraltar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Great Britain/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Greece/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Greenland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Grenada/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guadaloupe/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guatemala/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guernsey/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guinea/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guinea Bissau/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guyana/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Haiti/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Honduras/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Hong Kong/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Hungary/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Iceland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/India/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Indonesia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Iran/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Iraq/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ireland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Isle Of Man/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Israel/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Italy/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ivory Coast/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Jamaica/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Japan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Jersey/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Jordan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kazakhstan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kenya/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kiribati/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Korea, Dem. Rep. (North) /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Korea, Republic (South) /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kuwait/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kyrgyzstan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Laos/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Latvia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Lebanon/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Lesotho/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Liberia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Libya/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Liechtenstein/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Lithuania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Luxembourg/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Macau/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Macedonia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Madagascar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Madeira Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Malawi/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Malaysia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Maldives/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mali Federation/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mali/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Malta/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Marshall Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Martinique/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mauritania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mauritius/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mayotte/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mexico/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Micronesia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Moldova/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Monaco/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mongolia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Montenegro/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Montserrat/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Morocco/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mozambique/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Myanmar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Namibia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Nauru/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Nepal/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Netherlands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Netherlands Antilles/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/New Caledonia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Newfoundland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/New Zealand/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Nicaragua/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Niger/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Nigeria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Niue/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Norfolk Island/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Norway/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Oman/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Pakistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Palau/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Palestine/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Palestinian Authority/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Panama/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Papua New Guinea/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Paraguay/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Peru/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Philippines/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Poland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Portugal/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Portuguese India (Goa)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Qatar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Reunion/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Rhodesia &amp; Nyasaland/  ]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Romania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ruanda-Urundi/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Russia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Rwanda/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Helena/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Kitts And Nevis/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Lucia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Pierre &amp; Miquelon/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Vincent/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/San Marino/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sao Tome E Principe/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saudi Arabia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Senegal/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Serbia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Seychelles/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sierra Leone/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Singapore/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sint Maarten/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Slovakia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Slovenia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Solomon Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Somalia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/South Africa/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/South Georgia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Spain/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sri Lanka/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sudan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sudanese Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Suriname/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sweden/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Switzerland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Syria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tajikistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tanzania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Thailand/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Timor-Leste (East Timor)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Togo/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tokelau Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tonga/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Trinidad &amp; Tobago/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tristan Da Cunha/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tunisia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Turkey/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Turkmenistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Turks &amp; Caicos/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tuvalu/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Uganda/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ukraine/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/United Arab Emirates/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/United Nations/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#000080;&quot;&gt;United States of America&lt;/span&gt;]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Uruguay/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Uzbekistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Vanuatu/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Vatican City/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Venezuela/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Vietnam/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Wallis &amp; Futuna/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Western Sahara/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Western Samoa/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Yemen/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Yugoslavia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Zambia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Zanzibar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Zimbabwe/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|}


&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:blue; font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;· ♦ ·&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;


----
{{Shelves|Collecting}}
{{Alphabetical|I}}
{{status|25%}}

[[ru:Международный каталог франкотипов]]</text>
      <sha1>gcxi45ir7gc5804ahez67hncayv98b3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679182</id>
      <parentid>4679181</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:49:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jim Ashby</username>
        <id>3304668</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* Welcome! */</comment>
      <origin>4679182</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="25090" sha1="e7hu1kfhnrhka9rz29tolw7kckd2xyj" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:&lt;span style=&quot;display:block;text-align:center;font-size:1%;font-style:italic;line-height:1em;&quot;&gt; &lt;/span&gt;}}
[[File:IPMSC Logo.png|800px|center]]
==&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:xxx-large&quot;&gt;''Welcome!''&lt;/span&gt;==

[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7a.jpg|left|200px]]
[[File:Vatican stamp type A1 with frame.jpg|right|450px]]
[[File:Great Britain stamp type A4DA.jpg|center|350px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
{{drop|P }}&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt;ostage meters first appeared experimentally at the end of the 19th century and came into general use worldwide starting in the 1920s. By the 1960s more mail was being franked by postage meter than with traditional adhesive stamps. The trend continues today as mechanical postage meters are displaced by newer and more versatile digital franking machines and systems.&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt;This is a catalogue of all the different types of postage meter stamps ever used to frank mail in the world. It organises and categorises the stamps by their appearance (design format) rather than by the meter model that printed them. It is thus a STAMP catalogue for use primarily by stamp collectors and is not a meter (machine) catalogue. It is an expansion of ''The International Postage Meter Stamp Catalog'', written and published by Joel Hawkins and Rick Stambaugh in 2005, and its 2008 Supplement.&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt;Comments, suggested changes, corrections, and additions to the catalogue are encouraged. Please e-mail Jim Ashby at &lt;span style=&quot;color: blue;&quot;&gt;tuvus80506@gmail.com&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
----

&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large; color:green;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;'''''Recent changes'''''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
{| 
|- 
|style=&quot;width:33%; color: green;&quot;|
* 31 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B4'''&quot; 4d value added.'
* 31 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B13'''&quot; 00.00= value added.'
* 24 Nov: '''''&lt;u&gt;Belgium&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A4'''&quot; 4c and 5F50 values added.''
* 31 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Italy&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''EE9a'''&quot; added.''
* 17 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B8'''&quot; ½c and 12c values added.''
* 17 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B9'''&quot; 2½d, 1c, 2c and 17c values added.''
* 17 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;New Zealand&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''C2'''&quot; 5, 12 and 22 values added.''
* 20 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;USSR&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''DA3D'''&quot; added.''
* 27 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;Argentina&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''DA1B'''&quot; added.''
* 27 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;Finland&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''PO1d'''&quot; added.''
* 20 Oct: '''''&lt;u&gt;Great Britain&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A2'''&quot; updated.''
* 21 Sep: '''''&lt;u&gt;France&lt;/u&gt;''', &quot;'''Annex: Guadeloupe'''&quot; updated.''
* 06 Sep: '''''&lt;u&gt;Macau&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''C4'''&quot; added.''
* 01 Sep: '''''&lt;u&gt;Kenya&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''AA5'''&quot; added &quot;N&quot; prefix.''
* 01 Sep: '''''&lt;u&gt;Liechtenstein&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO2'''&quot; added.''
* 24 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Venezuela&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''ESY-UPF-MV-1'''&quot; added.''
* 24 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Vietnam&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''DA8'''&quot; added.''
* 20 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;India&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''DA12'''&quot; updated.''
* 13 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Russia&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PC1'''&quot; added.''
* 10 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Uzbekistan&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A1'''&quot; updated.''
* 10 Aug: '''''&lt;u&gt;Uzbekistan&lt;/u&gt;''', Types &quot;'''A2'''&quot; &amp; &quot;'''B1'''&quot; added.''
* 26 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Angola&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A3.1'''&quot; added.''
* 25 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Iceland&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO1'''&quot; updated.''
|style=&quot;width:33%; color: green;&quot;|
* 25 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Western Samoa&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''1'''&quot; M#s updated.''
* 20 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Canada&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B1'''&quot; updated.''
* 20 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Japan&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''FE1'''&quot; added.''
* 20 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Japan&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''G4'''&quot; added.''
* 14 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B5.1'''&quot; added.''
* 13 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A2.0'''&quot; added.''
* 13 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A2.1'''&quot; updated.''
* 06 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Armenia&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''2'''&quot; added.''
* 06 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''A2.2d'''&quot; added.''
* 02 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Belgium&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A4'''&quot; values updated.''
* 01 Jul: '''''&lt;u&gt;Great Britain&lt;/u&gt;''', Types &quot;'''A1'''&quot;, &quot;'''B7'''&quot; &amp; &quot;'''D5'''&quot; provisionals updated.''
* 26 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Nigeria&lt;/u&gt;''', Types &quot;'''A1'''&quot; and &quot;'''A4'''&quot; updated.''
* 21 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Egypt&lt;/u&gt;''', Types &quot;'''A2.1'''&quot; to &quot;'''A2.3'''&quot; updated.''
* 10 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Nigeria&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''B1b'''&quot; image added.''
* 10 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;St. Lucia&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''1'''&quot; date changed.''
* 10 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Solomon Islands&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''A1C'''&quot; image added.''
* 10 Jun: '''''&lt;u&gt;Uruguay&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''AB11'''&quot; V/F &quot;large fixed zero&quot; added.''
* 26 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;Monaco&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B11'''&quot; &quot;HU&quot; prefix added.''
* 26 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;Turkey&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''FB4C'''&quot; added.''
* 25 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;South Africa&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''BA4B'''&quot; added.''
* 18 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;India&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''DC2B'''&quot; image added.''
* 18 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;Singapore&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''E2.2'''&quot; &quot;NC4&quot; prefix added.''
|style=&quot;width:33%; color: green;&quot;|
* 18 May: '''''&lt;u&gt;Singapore&lt;/u&gt;''', Group &quot;'''PV'''&quot; updated.''
* 28 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Philippines&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO-B1'''&quot; variety note added.''
* 24 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Iran&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A1'''&quot; image updated.''
* 14 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;USSR&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''C1B'''&quot; added.''
* 12 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Australia&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''A2e'''&quot; added.''
* 10 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Canada&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B4'''&quot; &amp; &quot;'''B6'''&quot; models updated.''
* 10 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Great Britain&lt;/u&gt;''', PB Model &quot;M/C/MS/CS/CV&quot; entries updated.''
* 10 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Indonesia&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''B1'''&quot; M#27 added.''
* 06 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;China (PRC)&lt;/u&gt;''', Sub-type &quot;'''HA1D'''&quot; image updated.''
* 06 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Netherlands Antilles&lt;/u&gt;''', introduction updated.''
* 01 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Algeria&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO6.1'''&quot; added.''
* 01 Apr: '''''&lt;u&gt;Tanzania&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''A6'''&quot; added.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Algeria&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO9'''&quot; added.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Cook Islands&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''1'''&quot; machine model updated.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;France&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO-A2'''&quot; sub-types '''&quot;A&quot;''' and '''&quot;B&quot;''' added.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Netherlands&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''F3b'''&quot; image added.''
* 29 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Portugal&lt;/u&gt;''', Variety &quot;'''PO-B12a'''&quot; added.''
* 23 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Great Britain&lt;/u&gt;''', Group &quot;'''PO'''&quot; re-written.''
* 22 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Paraguay&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''ESY-UPF-MV-1'''&quot; added.''
* 18 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Argentina&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO-F8'''&quot; added.''
* 17 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;Belgium&lt;/u&gt;''', Type &quot;'''PO13'''&quot; added.''
* 17 Mar: '''''&lt;u&gt;French Polynesia&lt;/u&gt;''', Engraving varieties added to header''
|}
&lt;br&gt;

==&lt;span style=&quot;color:red; font-size:5; &gt;'''Table of Contents'''&lt;/span&gt;==

* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;'''[[/Introduction/]]'''&lt;/u&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:purple;&quot;&gt; (''The basics of meter stamp collecting'')&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
[[File: Netherlands stamp type D2.jpg|right|480px]]


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Glossary, Abbreviations and Symbols/]]'''&lt;/u&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:purple;&quot;&gt; (''Understanding the stamp descriptions'')&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Identifier/]]'''&lt;/u&gt; &lt;span style=&quot;color:purple;&quot;&gt; (''Find the country your stamp is from'')&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Meter Manufacturers Worldwide/]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
[[File: Norway stamp type A1 10 ore.jpg|right|180px]]


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Meter Stamp Collecting Societies/]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;


* &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:3;&quot;&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''[[/Bibliography/]]'''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
----
{| 

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Abu Dhabi/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Afghanistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Aland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Albania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Algeria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/American Samoa/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Andorra/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Angola/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Anguilla/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Antarctica/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Antigua and Barbuda/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Argentina/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Armenia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Aruba/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Ascension Island/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Australia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Austria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Azerbaijan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Azores/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bahamas/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bahrain/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bangladesh/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Barbados/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Belarus/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Belgium/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Belize/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Benin/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bermuda/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bhutan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bolivia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bosnia &amp; Herzegovina/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Botswana/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Brazil/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''[[/British Indian Ocean Territory/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/British Virgin Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Brunei/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Bulgaria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Burkina Faso/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Burundi/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cambodia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cameroon/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Canada/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Canal Zone/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cape Verde/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cayman Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Central African Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Chad/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Chile/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''[[/China (mainland, ROC &amp; PRC)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/China (Taiwan ROC)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Christmas Island/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cocos Island/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Colombia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Comoros/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Congo, Democratic Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Congo, Peoples Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cook Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Costa Rica/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Croatia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cuba/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Curacao/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Cyprus/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Czechoslovakia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Czech Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Denmark/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Djibouti/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Dominica/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Dominican Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Dubai/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;'''[[/Dutch Caribbean/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/East African Community/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ecuador/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Egypt/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/El Salvador/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Equatorial Guinea/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Eritrea/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Estonia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Eswatini (Swaziland)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ethiopia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Falkland Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Faroe Islands /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Fiji/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Finland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/France/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French Equatorial Africa  /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French Guiana/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French Indochina/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French Polynesia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/French West Africa/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Gabon /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/The Gambia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Georgia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Germany, Part 1/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Germany, Part 2/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Germany, Part 3/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ghana/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Gibraltar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Great Britain/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Greece/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Greenland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Grenada/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guadaloupe/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guatemala/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guernsey/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guinea/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guinea Bissau/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Guyana/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Haiti/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Honduras/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Hong Kong/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Hungary/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Iceland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/India/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Indonesia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Iran/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Iraq/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ireland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Isle Of Man/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Israel/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Italy/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ivory Coast/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Jamaica/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Japan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Jersey/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Jordan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kazakhstan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kenya/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kiribati/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Korea, Dem. Rep. (North) /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Korea, Republic (South) /]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kuwait/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Kyrgyzstan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Laos/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Latvia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Lebanon/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Lesotho/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Liberia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Libya/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Liechtenstein/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Lithuania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Luxembourg/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Macau/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Macedonia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Madagascar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Madeira Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Malawi/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Malaysia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Maldives/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mali Federation/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mali/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Malta/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Marshall Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Martinique/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mauritania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mauritius/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mayotte/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mexico/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Micronesia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Moldova/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Monaco/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mongolia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Montenegro/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Montserrat/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Morocco/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Mozambique/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Myanmar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Namibia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Nauru/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Nepal/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Netherlands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Netherlands Antilles/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/New Caledonia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Newfoundland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/New Zealand/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Nicaragua/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Niger/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Nigeria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Niue/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Norfolk Island/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Norway/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Oman/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Pakistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Palau/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Palestine/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Palestinian Authority/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Panama/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Papua New Guinea/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Paraguay/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Peru/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Philippines/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Poland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Portugal/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Portuguese India (Goa)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Qatar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Reunion/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Rhodesia &amp; Nyasaland/  ]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Romania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ruanda-Urundi/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Russia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Rwanda/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Helena/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Kitts And Nevis/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Lucia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Pierre &amp; Miquelon/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saint Vincent/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/San Marino/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sao Tome E Principe/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Saudi Arabia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Senegal/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Serbia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Seychelles/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sierra Leone/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Singapore/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sint Maarten/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Slovakia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Slovenia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Solomon Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Somalia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/South Africa/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/South Georgia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Spain/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sri Lanka/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sudan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sudanese Republic/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Suriname/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Sweden/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Switzerland/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Syria/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tajikistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tanzania/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Thailand/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Timor-Leste (East Timor)/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Togo/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tokelau Islands/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tonga/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Trinidad &amp; Tobago/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tristan Da Cunha/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tunisia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Turkey/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Turkmenistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Turks &amp; Caicos/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Tuvalu/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Uganda/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Ukraine/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[/United Arab Emirates/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/United Nations/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;''' [[United States Postage Meter Stamp Catalog|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#000080;&quot;&gt;United States of America&lt;/span&gt;]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Uruguay/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Uzbekistan/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Vanuatu/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Vatican City/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Venezuela/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Vietnam/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Wallis &amp; Futuna/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Western Sahara/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Western Samoa/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Yemen/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Yugoslavia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Zambia/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|-

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Zanzibar/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

| &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;''' [[/Zimbabwe/]]'''&lt;/span&gt;

|}


&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:blue; font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;· ♦ ·&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/div&gt;


----
{{Shelves|Collecting}}
{{Alphabetical|I}}
{{status|25%}}

[[ru:Международный каталог франкотипов]]</text>
      <sha1>e7hu1kfhnrhka9rz29tolw7kckd2xyj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aros/Platforms/x86 Complete System HCL</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>237398</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679048</id>
      <parentid>4676751</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T16:31:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679048</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="513610" sha1="30su46td95dqlijii56c9gymwh1p1ca" xml:space="preserve">{{ArosNav}}


==Introduction==

This a list of computer hardware tested with mostly native AROS installs and, in the recommended sections, of virtual machines

With 64bit support it is recommended 8Gb ram is needed and that SSE 4.1 and AVX are supported in the CPU i.e. from year 2012 for Intel CPUs and 2013 for AMD CPUs. They are x86-64 instruction sets designed to perform the same operations on multiple data items simultaneously, a technique known as Single Instruction, Multiple Data (SIMD). This allows for increased performance in tasks involving parallel computation. SSE 4.1 is a 128-bit SIMD instruction set, while AVX introduced 256-bit SIMD, further enhancing performance. Some apps require these features to run well, like 3D, multimedia decoding or JIT (javascript) in Odyssey web browser. If not the apps may work slower or might fail. 

If you have encountered differently (i.e. problems, incompatibilities, faults, annoyances, environment, errors, review of setup etc) please update this information. 
Please bear in mind that AROS has only a few hardware driver developers, whilst Linux counts in the tens and Windows in the hundreds. 


[[#Laptops]]
[[#Netbook]]
[[#Desktop Systems]]

[[#AMD Sockets]]
[[#Intel Sockets]]

[[#Recommended hardware (32-bit)]]
[[#Recommended hardware (64-bit)]]


=== Laptops ===

[[#top|...to the top]]


* 2006/2007 Dell Latitude D-series laptops - business class machines, good support in Aros, easy to replace wifi card 
* 2006 some [https://www.techradar.com/reviews/pc-mac/laptops-portable-pcs/laptops-and-netbooks/toshiba-satellite-pro-a200-28550/review Satellite Pro A200] 
* 2008 For the tiny carry anywhere, the early run of Acer Aspire netbooks 


Rough estimate from taking a random laptop notebook what you can expect from a Native install of AROS 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Date 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Overall 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx VESA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx 2D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx 3D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Before 2002 || Poor to OK || VESA 90% || 2D 10% || {{N/A}} || Audio 10% || 40% || Wired 70% || 2% || Max RAM 512MB 
|-
| 2002-2005 || OK || VESA 95% || 2D 10% || 3D 0% || Audio 30% || 70% || Wired 50% || 10% || Max RAM 2GB (for 32bit) 
|-
| 2005-2012 || Good || VESA 98% || 2D 60% || 3D 30% || Audio 40% || 80% || Wired 30% || 10% || Max RAM 3Gb (32bit) to 8GB (64bit) 
|-
| 2013-2017 || OK || VESA 98% || 2D 60% || 3D 30% || Audio 30% || 60% || Wired 30% Realtek || 0% || Max RAM 8GB / 16GB better to go Intel / AMD Ryzen over AMD A series 
|-
| 2018-2024 || OK || VESA 98% || 2D 30% || 3D 30% || Audio 40% || 50% || Wired 30% Realtek || 0% || Max RAM 32GB better 64bit options 
|-
| 2025-202x || Poor || VESA 95% || 2D 10% || 3D 10% || Audio 0% || 30% || Wired 10% || 0% || Max RAM 64GB AI disruption of previous hardware 
|-
|}


3D tests now conducted with apps found in Demos/AROS/Mesa and run at default size (may need to View As -&gt; Show All to see them. 

 Any laptop with Windows 7(TM) 64bit or higher install, the bios and hard drive set in uefi/gpt mode (install of AROS incompatible) 

Most vendor suppliers get OEM (original equipment manufacturers) to make their laptops. These brand name companies purchase their laptops from 
*80% ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) such as Quanta, Compal, Wistron, Inventec, Foxconn (Hon Hai), Flextronics and Asus (now Pegatron) 
*20% MiTAC, FIC, Arima, Uniwill, ECS, Tonfang Origin and Clevo 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
| &lt;!--OK--&gt;{{Yes|'''Works well'''}} || &lt;!--May work--&gt;{{Maybe|'''Works a little'''}} || &lt;!--Not working--&gt;{{No|'''Does not work'''}} || &lt;!--Not applicable--&gt;{{N/A|'''N/A not applicable'''}}
|-
|}


====Acer/Gateway/Emachines====

Company founded under the name of Multitech in Taiwan in 1976, renamed to Acer or Acer Group in 1987

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Packard Bell 
Aspire 
Extensa 
TimeLine
Travelmate 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Travelmate 505 506 507 508 Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P2 Celeron 466Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neo Magic Magic Graph 128XD (NM2160)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Crystal CS}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 minimal support but no audio etc - 506T, 506DX, 507T, 507DX, 508T 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 340 342 343 345 347 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ALi M1621 with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber 9525 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1969 Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ALi OHCI USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;a few have Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2000 32bit - 340T, 341T, 342T, 342TV, 343TV, 345T, 347TV 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 350 351 352 353 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber Blade DSTN/Ai1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ali5451}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 1.1 Ali M5237 OHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Acer InviLink IEEE 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit very limited support but no support for PCMCIA O2 Micro OZ6933 - 350T, 351TEV, 352TEV, 353TEV 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 610 series 611 612 613 614 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;815 P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 82815 cgc || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 pro || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit - 610TXVi 610T 611TXV 612TX 613TXC 
|-
| Aspire 3003LM || SIS AMD 3000 1.8GHz || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SIS AGP M760GX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 SIS codec}} || 3 USB 2.0 || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4318 AirForce One 54g}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 sempron 
|-
| Travelmate 2310 Series ZL6 || Intel Celeron M 360 1.4GHz with SiS 661MX || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SiS Mirage M661MX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|SIS SI7012 AC97 with realtek ALC203 codec speakers only}} ||  || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{N/A|LM version has pci card slot but no antenna}} || 2017 Icaros 2.1.1 || 2004 32bit - No USB boot option but boot from DVD - reports of wifi losing connection (isolate/remove the metallic grounding foil ends of the antennas) - 2312LM_L - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3000 3002LMi 3500 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD CPU W-with SIS M760 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;SIS 760 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;SIS 900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4318 swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3050 5020 5050 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Single and Turion MK-36 Dual and RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - RS482M Xpress 1100 or RS485M Xpress 1150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek ALC883 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5006G or Broadcom BCM 4318 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit MK36 gets very hot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2410 2420 2430 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel Mobile 915GMS 910GML || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 ICH6 with ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL-8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005GS || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 2428AWXMi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 3610 - WISTRON MORAR 3614WLMI || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=644066&amp;postcount=13 AC97]}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139 8139C+}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5001X+, AR5BMB5 or Broadcom 4318}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit with good support [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=6205188#post6205188 wifi issues] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2480 series 2483 WXMi (HannStar J MV4 94V) 2483NWXCi Aspire 3680, 3690 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML i943 with Celeron 430 1.77GHz - 14.1&quot; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D openGL 1.x - Tunnel 181 gearbox 104 scores}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC883 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038 yukon sky2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 5k AR5005G AR5BMB5 mini pci}} suspect laptop hardware issues || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Works well shame about the internet options - noisy fan - poor battery life - no boot option for TI based mass storage sd card - Max 2GB memory - LCD Inverter Board IV12090/T-LF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2490 series 2492WXMi || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 945 2D and 3D tunnel 164 gearbox 105}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5005GS suspect hardware issue}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - 15inch screen - strange curved up at ends keyboard style - overall plastic construction - Atheros AR5005G(s) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gateway ML6227B MA7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz with 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM 2D and 3D tunnel 169 gearbox 132}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDA Intel with STAC9250 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|8187L but swap ath5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 15.4 ultrabrite widescreen - Wifi Switch on side Fn/F2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5630-6796 6288 BL50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5200 T5500 Intel® Core™2 Duo T7200 T7400 T7600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® GMA 950 with S-Video out with 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio with ALC883? codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945abg swap for Atheros 5K}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny AROS || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 - 64bit 39.1 cm (15.4&quot; 1280 x 800) - 2 DDR2-SDRAM slots max 4GB - green mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5633WMLI BL51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5500 with Intel® 945PM/GM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia Go 7300 with 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny Aros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64 bit dual core2 - 15.4 WXGA screen - ddr2 max 4gb - OrbiCam no support - ENE chipset SD card - blue mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 9410 9420 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core Duo with 945PM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D NVIDIA GeForce Go 7300 - 128 MB VRAM G72M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 8111 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG but could swap with atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 17in TFT 1,440 x 900 WXGA+ - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eMachines E510 series KAL10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M 560 2.13Ghz with PM965  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel x3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5906M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G AR5BXB63 bios issue??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit very budget machine with InsydeH20 bios and F10 boot menu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ACER Aspire 5920 [http://tim.id.au/laptops/acer/aspire%205920g.pdf 5920G] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa Core 2 Duo T7300 T7500 later T9300 with GM965 and PM965(G) Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for X3100M or 8600M GS (rev a1) 9500M GT 256MB vram (G) but some AMD/ATI RV635 M86 HD 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with realtek alc268, [https://forums.opensuse.org/t/no-sound-on-acer-aspire-5920g/32392 ALC883] or Realtek ALC1200 / alc888s codec ICH8}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Intel 3945ABG 4965 or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwood test iso 2023-01 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit boot with 'noacpi' or 'noioapic' - 15.4in 1280 x 800 pixels 16:10 - BMW Designworks ‘Gemstone’ design - over 3.0kg with options for 8-cell or 6-cell batteries - 2 SODIMM DDR2 667MT/s max 4GB - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer A0521 Ao721 || Athlon II Neo K125 + AMD M880G || {{N/A}} || {{maybe| }} || {{maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4225 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Conexant}} || {{Maybe| }} || {{no|AR8152 l1c}} || {{unk|AR9285 ath9k}} || AspireOS 1.7 || 2006 64bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Extensa 5630Z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T6600 with Intel GL40 Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 4500M HD (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|Broadcom BCM 5764M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{No|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit 
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 5250 series 5253 BZ400 BZ602 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA 2D for AMD HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDaudio for codec Conexant CX20584}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8151}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k AR5B97}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5 V5-121 V5121 AO725 One 725 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C-70 C70 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA for AMD 6290G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5-122P MS2377 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;C-70 C70 with M55, AMD A4-1250 or A6 1450 up to 1.4Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8210 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|FCH USB EHCI OHCI}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 but LAN/VGA Combo Port Cable (AK.LAVGCA 001) or MiniCP port to Acer Converter Cable (Mini CP to VGA/LAN/USB) (NP.OTH11 00C) needed}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros 9k AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit but no sse4 or avx - 26w battery internal, extension possible - 11.6in 1366 x 768 ips touchscreen - 7mm hd ssd - 2gb ddr3l soldered with 1 slot free max 4GB - bios hacking needed for virtualisation - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell EasyNote TE69 TE69KB 522 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow E1-2500, E2-3800 2c2t Dual or A4-5000 4c4t Quad both soldered BGA769 (FT3) on Hudson-2 FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Use IDE mode}} setting AHCI to IDE mode - boots if UEFI set to Legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for ATI Radeon 8120 8240, 8320, 8330 or 8280 islands}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio with ALC282 0x10ec, 0x0282 codec but not HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Bios, Boot, set Boot mode to Legacy, nothing from USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8171 AR8175 or Broadcom BCM57780}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9565 0x1969 0x10a1}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon and AROS One 1.6 usb || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit with sse4.1 and AVX - 15.6in washed out screen big netbook - Boots with noacpi after using F2 to enter EFI firmware and f12 boot device - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 16Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASPIRE Acer Aspire ES1-520 521 522 Series N15C4 ES1-523 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD AMD E1-7010, A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA for RADEON R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC 233 or CX20752 HD AUDIO CODEC}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8151 Gigabit or Broadcom 590x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8187 or 8812BU}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit with sse4.1 and AVX - 2 ddr3l slots - keyboard connected to top case - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire V15 NITRO Black edition || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 860M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Predator 15 (G9-591-)  (G9-593-72VT) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-6700HQ || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 960M to 980M, GTX 1060 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek ALC255 @ Intel Sunrise Point PCH High Definition Audio Controller}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Nitro 5 an515-42 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2500u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD rx560x  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;aspire 3 A315-41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2500u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;swift 3 sf315-41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2500u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 3 A315-23 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3020e, r3 3200u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3, 5 A515-44-R0ZN || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 4500u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14in or 15.6&quot; 1080p - 19v round charging - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vr0tC3QJWxk repair], 4gb soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Swift 3 SF314-42 series N19C4 , Swift SF315-4 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 4500U, 7 4700U|| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 1080p - small round ac 19v 3.42A or usb-c - mobo FH4FR LA-J731P - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Swift 3 SF314-43, Swift SF315-41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 1080p - small round ac or usb-c - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 5 A515-45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;r7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - asus round ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 5 A515-47 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ryzen 5 5625U,  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - asus round ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L8400-K Medion MD9467 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel desktop 850MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;S3 Savage MX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS allegro 1988}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L2000 L2400 L2D Series Medion 9675 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 4 mobile || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use vesa sis630 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|sis7018}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;sis900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;x51R X51RL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Duo T2250 T2330 with RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200M]}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|boots and detects}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL-8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5006EG AR5111 ath5k AzureWave AW-GE780 - could be ATI Chipset}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2, deadwood 2021,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 15.4 WXGA - 19v barrel - ESC boot select - F2 bios - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus R2H Ultra Mobile PC UMPC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron 900Mhz 910GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8101e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jm4fOrqyj3g boots] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A3 series A3F Ergo Ensis 211 RM || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P-M 1.6GHz to Core Duo with 950 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC655 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100CL 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Z33  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 2915ABG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Z33A Z33AE N5M N5A 
|-
| Z70A Z70V Z70Va M6A z7000 z7000a || i915 + ICH6 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|mobile 915GML}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ICH6 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001}} || {{no|Intel PRO 2200BG Fn / F2}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2005 32bit 
|-
| [http://www.progweb.com/en/2010/09/linux-sur-un-portable-asus-a6jm/ A6jm] A6JC || 945GM || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia GeForce Go 7600 G70}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8111 8168B}} || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || Icaros  1.2.4 || 2006 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;F3Jc || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;G72M Quadro NVS 110M, GeForce Go 7300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;D audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X50GL F5GL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5800 with 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2d - Nvidia 8200M G84 runs hot}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio MCP79 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5B91 AW-NE77}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit not much support no display with nouveau - 19v barrel - ddr2 max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS G50 &amp; G51 series G50V G50Vt G51V G51VX G51J G51Jx G50VT X1 X5 ROG || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD64 with MCP71 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia GeForce 9800M GS (G94M) up to GT200 [GeForce GTX 260M] (G92M) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros L1C atl1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit not all GPUs are failing but a much higher % failing early, 8x00 and 9x00 G84, G86, G92, G94, and G96 series chips dying - ddr2 max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M50V M50 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core 2 Duo P8400 or T9400 with Intel PM45 ICH9 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|BIOS set to compatibility IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 9600M GS or 9650M GT || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC663 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Intel 5100 or Atheros AR928X}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.0 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 15.40 inch 16:10, 1680 x 1050 glossy - the &quot;Infusion&quot; design - heavy 3kg - ddr2 ram max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series F9 F9E F9dc F9f F9j F9s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC660 playback}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|works}}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 }}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|intel 3495 not working}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.41 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - ddr2 max 4gb - 
|-
| P52F SO006X || i3-370M || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia G92 [GeForce 9800 GT] (2D)}} || {{no|Intel HD Audio}} || {{yes|2 USB2.0}} || {{no|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 (l1e)}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2010 64bit - ddr3 slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
* X53U MB Ver K53U or K52U Asus K53U MB Ver K53U
* A53U XT2 X53B MB ver: K53BY (compal) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow atom like speed E-350 (2011), E-450 (2011) on AMD M780G, much slower C-50 C50 (2012), C-60 C60 on the AMD A50M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi 6310M, 6320M later 6250M or 6290M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with alc269 codec Altec Lansing® Speakers}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros half height ar9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.2 and 2018 AROS One 1.6 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 5200 or 7800 mAh battery covers ASUS K53S K53E X54C X53S K84L X53SV X54HR K53F X53U laptops - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus K53T, Asus A53Z X53Z
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3305M on AMD M780G, A6-3420M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 6520G, 7670M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros half height}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - Altec Lansing® Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X55U X401U X501U 1225B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow C-60 C60, C-70 C70 or E1 1200 E2 1800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6290G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk| Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 -  11.6&quot; display - ram soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A43TA A53TA K53TA XE2 A73T || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3300M, A6 3400M (laptop chip) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon HD 6520G Integrated + HD 6470M (1GB GDDR3)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X102BA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Llano E1 1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|ide bios setting}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 8180 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk| Qualcomm Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 10.1” Touchscreen - special asus 45w ac adapter - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;K55N, K75DE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD a6 4400M A8 4500M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 7640G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC codec none through ATi Trinity HDMI || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk| Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 17.3-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X452EA X552EA F552E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E1 2100 or A4 5000M A8 4500M A10 4600M with A || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for AMD ATI Sun XT Radeon HD 8330 8670A 8670M 8690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD FCH Azalia rev 02 with ALC898 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{{Yes|Realtek RTL8111 8168 8411}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit may support avx kabini trinity - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG G751GY || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-4720HQ || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 980M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG G752VY || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-6700HQ || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 980M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555Y || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-7210 A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 Realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }}Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-colored plastic - internal battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555B X555DG X555S X555U X555YI X555LAB || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i5-4210U to  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio  with coxenant and realtek alc codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }}Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-colored plastic - internal battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-coloured plastic - internal battery - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS X555Q || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Bristol Ridge A10-9600P 7th Gen, A12-9720p || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|R5 + Radeon™ R6 M435DX Dual Graphics with VRAM GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8821AE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - FHD 15.6 1920x1080 - 37W battery internal - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - internal battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M509ba  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9425  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for RADEON R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 16Gb - 19VDC 2.37A Max 45W 4.0mm x 1.35mm - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ExpertBook P1410, ASUS ExpertBook P1 P1510CD, Expertbook Y1511CD || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3200U, Ryzen 5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for AMD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 14in or 15.6in 768p to 1080p - keyboard swap problematic - 19V 3.42A asus barrel connector 4.0MM X 1.35MM 4phi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUSTeK ASUS EXPERTBOOK L1 L1400CDA, L1500CDA - 19v 3.42a 4.5phi Barrel with centre pin Outer 4.5mm Inner 3mm asus special untested EXA1203XH, EXA1203YH, EXA1208UH, PA-1650-30, PA-1650-78, PA-1650-93, ADP-65GD B, ADP-65DW B (Euro) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' Ryzen 5 3500U - '''untested''' Ryzen 3 3200U, 3250U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1 Nvme m.2 slot will not boot with sata3 m.2, optional 1 sata hdd with ribbon cable, no dvd drive}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for AMD vega 3, 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio 0x15de 0x15e3 with ALC256 codec 0x10ec 0x0256}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 1 usb-c and 3 usb-a }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;3500U with AROS One 64bit 1.2 usb installed to m.2 sata on another machine || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 14in or 15.6in 1080p - keyboard swap problematic - up to 8Gb ddr4 sodimm soldered on board and 1 slot - micro sd card slot on some models  - 42Whr B31N1915 C31N1915 C31N2204 - hold down F2 and press power for bios setup - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


==== Dell ====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Studio 
Inspiron 
Vostro 
XPS
Alienware  
Precision 
Latitude 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude CP 233GT, CPi d233xt d266xt D300XT a366xt, CPt S400GT S500GT S550GT S600GT S700ST, CPt C333GT C400GT || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Neo magic Magic Media 2160 2360 256ZX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|crystal pnp 4237b or magic media 256zx sound nm2360}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit Low-Density 16-chip 144p 144-pin 32Mx64 3.3V SODIMM - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude CPx H450GT H500GT H Series, CPt V433GT V466GT V600, Inspiron 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX with Pentium 3M (CPx) or Celeron (CPt) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use Vesa - ATi Rage Pro Mobility M1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1978 Maestro 2E Canyon 3D}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|1 slot 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit - 3 pin PA-6 PA6 power adapter plug - CDROM DVD Cxxx family media bay accessories untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C500 C600 (Quanta TM6) Inspiron 4000 7500, CPx J Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440BX ZX/DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage 128Pro Mobility M3 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ES1983S Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A|some models had mini pci e100}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|a few came with internal antenna wiring}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 square 3 pin charger PA9 PA-9 - C/Dock II untested - C/Port untested - Parallel to Floppy cable untested - CPx J600GT J650GT J700GT J750GT J800GT J850GT 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C510 C610 Insprion 4100 PP01L 2600 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i830 and 1GHz+ P3-M ||  &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA - ATI Radeon Mobility M6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 CS4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|3Com Etherlink}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|internal antenna wiring for an Atheros mini pci card}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 poor build quality - hard to find in good working order 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 830 CGC}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 Crystal 4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|3Com 3c905C TX/TX-M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2000 Slim for the time - no media bays 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C640 (Quanta TM8) C840 Inspiron 8k2 8200 i8200 precision m50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M with 845EP || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA if ATi - use nouveau if 64mb Nvidia Gforce 4 440 Go  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS4205 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;3com 905c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 C640 had one fan so was noisy and hot - C840 had 2 fans and ran slightly cooler but fan noise louder
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Latitude D400 || P-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 ide}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|VESA only}} || {{yes|AC97 Audio playback only}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || {{maybe|PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{no|BCM4318 AirForce one 54g replace with atheros 5k mini pci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit might boot from USB stick but won't boot from USB-DVD - no sd card slot - power plug style - 
|-
| Latitude D500 / D505 PP10L, Inspiron 510m 
|| 855GME 
* revA00
* revA03
* revA06
| {{yes|IDE but needs the Dell adapter}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with IDT STAC 9750 codec playback head phones only}} || {{maybe| }} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 but exchange with atheros g in panel on laptop bottom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || 2003 - 14 / 15 inch XGA 4:3 screen - plastic build - no sd card slot - boots from bay optical drive - not powering on/off with ac adapter is a [http://www.geekzone.co.nz/forums.asp?forumid=37&amp;topicid=30585 mobo fault of PC13 SMT 1206 ceramic cap hot] suggest [http://www.die4laser.com/D505fix/ 0.1uF 50V instead] - pc2700 333Mhz ram 1Gb max - 
|-
| Latitude D505 (some) || VIA VT8237 VX700 || {{yes|IDE}} ||  || {{partial|VESA 2d on ATI RV350 Radeon 9550}} || {{no|VIA AC97 with  codec}} || {{maybe|VIA USB glitchy}} || {{yes|VIA VT6102 Rhine-II}} || {{no|Intel 2200g Calexico2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || 2003 32bit little support - diagnostics pressing holding the Fn key, press the Power ON button (battery removed). Check the LEDs pattern - cmos battery behind flap in laptop battery slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA SIS}}  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 SIS with AD1981B codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|SIS 900 but}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://forum.level1techs.com/t/my-time-with-icaros-desktop-and-what-i-am-doing-as-a-dev-contributor-also-some-other-shit/113358 aremis using it]
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1100 PP07L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;845 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 845G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC'97 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 8500 5150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4 855GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia 5200 Go - VESA if intel gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|MCP AC97 with SigmaTel 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4306 rev 02 use Atheros Mini PCI}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit P4 runs well but hot 
|-
| Latitude X300 PP04S small, slim and light case 
|| 855GME 
* revA00 Intel ULV 1.2 Ghz
* revA01 Intel ULV 1.4Ghz 
| {{yes|IDE internal and will boot cd/dvd through dock PR04S}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with STAC 97xx codec but no audio out of the dock}} || {{maybe|works but dock usb ports and usb DVD PD01S not detected}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5705M gigabit}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 later intel - replace with atheros in the underside}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1, 2020 AROS One 1.6 usb,  || 2003 12.1&quot; 1024 x 768 - 19.5v PA-10 or PA-12 dell - ACPI works but bad s3 ram suspend sleep - no sd card boot - 1Gb max sodimm ddr 2700 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) PP05L - 600m 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 
* reva00
* revA01 
* revA02 
* revA03 
* revA04 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATI Radeon RV250 Mobility FireGL 9000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 -  STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2100 or Broadcom BCM4306 - swap for Atheros panel in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2011 Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1 and 2016 2.1.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14inch using pc2100 memory with Caps light blinking is usually a memory error - Dell D505 D600 power up pressing the case docking port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only vidia NV28 GeForce4 Ti 4200 Go 5200 Go 5650 Go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 - STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306 mini pci - swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14&quot; - solder joints on the bios chip (press down f7/f8 keys) - RAM clean with eraser - memory cover plate maybe apply some pressure - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 (Compal LA-1901) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - trackpoint type pointing device - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 15inch 39cm
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1200 2200 PP10S Latitude 110L m350 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA900 (2D and 3D openGL 1.x) Gearbox 56}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|BroadCom BCM4318 - swap for Atheros mini PCI in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 single core 32bit 14&quot; 4:3 1024 768 XGA screen - heavy 6 lbs - PA16 barrel 19V 3.16A AC adapter - battery life 4cell 29WHr lasts 2 hours - 256mb soldered with 1 ddr pc2100 sodimm 1gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1300 business B130 home PP21L Latitude 120L B120 by Compal - Inspiron 630m || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M360 1.4GHz, M370 1.50 GHz, M380 1.73GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D openGL 1.x tunnel 172 gearbox 70}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|works but waiting boot fail with AROS One usb version}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|intel 2200 or BCM4318 swap for Atheros mini pci underside - one antenna lead for main wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.2, 2020 AROS One 1.6 usb,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit single core - 14.1″ XGA 4:3 or 15.4&quot; WXGA wide 1280 x 800 matte - ddr2 sodimm ram 2gb max - PA-16 19v psu tip 7.4mm * 5mm - f10 boot select f1 f2 bios 
|-
| Latitude X1 PP05S || PP-M GMA915 rev A00 1.1GHz non-pae || {{yes|ide 1.8in zif/ce under keyboard}} || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|Vesa for Intel 915GM}} || {{yes|AC97 6.6 playback only with STAC codec}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0 but partial boot to blank screen}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard palm rest - disassembly of all laptop}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd iso image virtualbox'd onto usb, Aros One 1.5 and 1.8 usb (2022) || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - sd slot not bootable - 256mb soldered to board and 1 sodimm max 1GB ddr2 under keyboard - F12 bios boot F2 - pa-17 pa17 19v octagonal psu port 
|-
| Latitude D410 PP06S 
*rev A00 
*A01, A02 
*A03 
|| GMA915 1.6GHz Pentium® M 730, 1.7GHz, 750 1.86GHz &amp; 760 2.0GHz, 770 2.13GHz || {{yes|caddy and adapter needed 2.5&quot; - remove hdd and write}} || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|Intel 915GM 2D and 3D OpenGL 1.3 tunnel 170 and gearbox 75}} || {{yes|AC97 playback only with STAC 9751 codec}} || {{maybe|works but will not boot from USB-DVD or AROS One 1.5 usb version}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2915ABG or later 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2015 Icaros 1.4, 2016 2.1.1 and AROS One 1.5 usb,  || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - no sd card slot - PR06S dock base 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D510 (Quanta DM1) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM socket 479 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 STAC 975x}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG swap Atheros mini pci in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 14.1&quot; 32bit single core Intel Celeron M 1.6GHz Pentium M 730 1.73Ghz - squarish 3:2 - issues with 3rd party battery 4 quick flashes of red led with 1 final green 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) PP11L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;910GML 915GM with mobile 1.6 to 2.26ghz 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A07 1.73Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D tunnel 174 gearbox 74}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 speaker head phones playback only with stac codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2200BG or Broadcom mini pci under keyboard, swap wifi card for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - one dimm slot under keyboard and other in underside 2GB 533Mhz 667Mhz DDR2 max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) 0C4717 REV A05, 0K3879 REV.A00 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 no radeon 2d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci use Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - 19.5v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D810 (Quanta ) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 RV370 M22 later x600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 stereo playback only idt 9751 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0 but no boot from usb on 1.5}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.1, aros one 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 15.4&quot; F12 one time boot menu - 19.5v 90w psu ideal - battery not same as later dx20 ones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6000 6400, E1505 PP20L 
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with PM 1.73Ghz, T2050 or T2060 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d - Ati 9700, x1300 RV515 M52, x1400 or nvidia go 7300 on mxm board}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio IDT 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|usb boot }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 3945 - swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1, AROS One 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit - 15.4 inch glossy - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots - broadcom bcm92045 bluetooth detected but no support - 19.5v dell psu socket - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspirion E1705 9200 9300 9400 PP12L PP14L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;proprietary Dell card/socket format Nvidia 6800, ati X300 or nVidia 7900GS gpu 3d corrupt || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 increasing vertical lines issues] 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Studio XPS M1210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with Core Duo to intel C2D T5500, T7400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia G72M 7300 7400m || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92xx || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 - swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 slots max 4Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1501 PP23LA Latitude 131L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron 1.8GHz Turion MK-36 or X2 1.6Ghz TL-50 or TL-56 on ATI RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - ATI 1150 (x300) RS482M Mobility Radeon Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with stac 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom bcm 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bcm4311 replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit 15.4 inch matt 16:10 1280x800 WXGA -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6400 (Quanta FM1)
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo  
*A08 Core2 Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with BGA479 (socket M) T2050 1.6Ghz, T2060 1.60Ghz, T2080 1.73Ghz much later T5500 1.66Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with IDT 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;deadwood 2019-04-16 iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit - 15.4&quot; glossy - sd card - front multimedia keys - dvd rw - generic dell keyboard - coin cr2032 bios battery under keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 640m PP19L XPS M140 e1405 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo T2050, T2300 Duo 1.83GHz T2400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM4401-B0 100Base || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or Broadcom 43xx, swap for Atheros 5k - Wireless Internet ON or OFF press the Function key + F2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32 bit - 12.1 LCD CCFL WXGA 1280x800 up to 14.1 inch 16:10 1440x900 pixel, WXGA+ UltraSharp - supports also SSE3 on duos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D420 (Compal LA-3071P) PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 
* revA00 Solo 1.2Ghz ULV U1400
* revA01 Duo 1.06Ghz u2500
* revA02 Duo 1.2Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|ZIF/CE 1.8&quot; slow under battery, ribbon cable}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - 2D and 3D opengl tunnel 138 gearbox 103}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92xx playback speakers head phones only)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 and external usb optical drive works}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 mini pcie - swap Atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros Desktop 1.4 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit only - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 - PR09S dock base rev02 DVD-RW usb boots - 1GB DDR2 2Rx16 max in base panel - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D520 PP17L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
* 64bit rev A01, A02 945GM Core2 Duo 1.83Ghz to 2.3Ghz 
* 32bit rev A00, A01 940GML Solo later Duo T2400 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| Philips SDR089, Philips CDD5263, TEAC DW224EV, Optiarc AD-5540A, HL-DL-ST GSAT21N, TSSTcorp TS-L632D}} || {{Yes|bios sata set to ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 series 2D and OpenGL1 3D tunnel 210 gearbox 153 teapot 27}} || {{Yes|HD audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || {{Yes|Boots and detects USB2.0}} || {{Yes|Broadcom 4400}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4312 BCM4321 Dell 1390 / 1490 mini pcie - easy to replace with atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4 and 2.2 and both AROS One 1.8 and AROS One x64 1.1 USB boot || 2006 mostly 64bit 4:3 aspect ratio 14.1 (XGA 1024x768) or later 15 inches (XGA+ 1400 by 1050) - F2 enter bios F12 choose boot - 19.5v dell tip pa-12 charger - bios coin cell cr2032 battery socketed in base panel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 (Compal LA-2792) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 
* rev A00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* rev A0x all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D tunnel gearbox opengl1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 mini pcie swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AspireOS Xenon || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit AROS capable with later revisions - 14&quot; 1280 x 800 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i945
* revA00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* revA01 all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300, 7600 NVS 110M G72 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{dunno}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 1440x900 screen - LA-2792P Rev.2.0 - DT785 UC218 Fan/ Heatsink (64bit) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM6) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* rev A00 
* rev A01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D tunnel 195 - 100? gearbox 156}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with STAC 9200 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 replace with mini pcie atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 widescreen 15 inch 1280 x 800 matte -  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia NVS 110M 120M G72}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio STAC 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit 15.4 1650x1050 WXGA or WSXGA+ or 1920x1200 WUXGA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude D531 15&quot; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Turion X2 TL56 or TL60 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATi xpress X1270}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with IDT codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 57xx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Dell Wireless 1390, 1505 or BCM4311 mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - no trackpoint - fails and goes wrong often - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D430 PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 with Core2 Duo C2D U7500 1.06GHz U7600 1.2GHz U7700 1.33GHz 
* rev A00 
* rev A01  
* rev A02 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;ZIF PATA IDE 1.8inch under battery and ribbon cable - slow use USB instead || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|945GML 2D and 3D opengl 1.x 171 tunnel 105 gearbox}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|STAC 92xx HD Audio speaker and ear phone - mono speaker}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 4965 AGN or 3945 ABG mini pci-e underside with Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit capable - sd card not supported - 19.5v PA12 power adapter - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 matte - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|nVidia Quadro NVS 135M 2D 3d glitches G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481] cool air intake from underneath needed with pa-10 or pa-3e 90w psu required - standard 4:3 ratio aspect screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 (Compal LA-3301P) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 T7250 2.0Ghz T7300 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA X3100 (2D only, no external monitor)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio STAC 9205 but speaker and head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4312 swap with pci-e Atheros 5k under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - F12 to choose boot option - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - 4400mah 48Wh battery lasts 2 hours - 6600mah 73Wh lasts 3 hours - two wire cr2032 cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 
* revA00 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481] GPU heatpad, no copper 
* revA01 0DT785 heatsink 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA as nVidia NVS 135M 3d corrupts 0.7 tunnel 0.25 gearbox G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM with Core2 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GM965 crestline 2d and 3d tunnel 115}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|replace with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 15 inch 1280 x 900 but updating the LCD to WXGA or WSXGA+ could be better - 2 ddr2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ICH8, Core2 DUO T7800 @ 2.60GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Intel ICH8M Serial ATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia Quadro NVS 140M G86 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Wireless 4965AGN swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 15.&quot; - FN,F2 or FN,F8 or FN,F12 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS M1710 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM with T2400 T2600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;proprietary Dell card socket format GTX 7950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 1000 or Broadcom BCM5752 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 17.3&quot; workstation type WXGA+ screen 1920x1200 - 2 ddr-2 667Mhz sodimm slots, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS M1730 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 with T7200 T7600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 7950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 1000 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit 17&quot; workstation type WXGA+ screen manufactured by AU Optronics poor viewing angles, unevenly lit, light leakage, 2 ddr-2 800Mhz slots, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E6410 P27LA, E6510 PP30LA, E6310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i5-520M to i7-620M i7 820QM but no sse4.1 or AVX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|NVidia NVS 3100M GT218 2D but 3D through external monitor}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio IDT 92HD81}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2 }}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel 6200AGN or Link 6300}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit - 14.1” WXGA+ up to 15.6in 15.6” FHD 1080p - 2 ddr3l 1333Mhz max 8Gb - 90w dell charger - 3pin cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5030 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;rev A01 AMD V120, V140 rev A0? V160 M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA RS880M Radeon HD 4225, 4250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC269q codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - DDR3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E6420 E6520 ATG semi ruggized XFR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;sandy bridge i5 2520M 2540M or duo I7 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|set to Bios UEFI mode AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD 3000 with optional fermi Nvidia NVS 4200M GF119}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with IDT 92HD90 BXX codec but not HDMI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 15.6in - fan exhausts a lot of hot air when cpu taxed - VGA if Bios ATA set and Vesa only with Bios ACHI set - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5040 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow amd E450, later C-50 C50 or C-60 C60 with A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|non efi sata in IDE mode but base plastic difficult to remove for access}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6250 or 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8105E VB 10/100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 icaros 2.1.1 and AROS USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 15INCH 1388 X 768 - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - under removable keyboard via 4 top spring loaded catches is 1 ddr3l sodimm max 8gb and wifi - 
|-
| Latitude e6230 E6330 E6430 || i3 3320M 3350M 2.8 GHz i5 3360M i7 3520M || {{N/A}} || {{partial|non RAID mode}} || {{partial|Intel HD 4000 (VESA only)}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{partial|Intel USB 3.0 (USB 1.1 2.0 only)}} || {{No|Intel 82579LM Gigabit}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014 09-27 || 2013 64bit Ivy Bridge - 12.5-inch 13.3-inch 14-inch screen - not great support, better under hosted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude 3330 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core i3 – 2375M  to i5 – 3337U, Intel® Core i3 – 3227U, Celeron 1007U on HM77 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for intel Hd 2000 3000 vga hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio with IDT 92HD93 Controller codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.0 (2), USB 2.0 PowerShare capable }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwood usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit, 13.3” HD 1366X768 16:9, 2 ddr3l slots max 8Gb, 720p HD video webcam, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 15 5565 5567 AMD versions, Inspiron 3595 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9200u A9-9400 9425 A12-9700P Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R5 R8 GCN 3 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{partial| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek 1GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit AVX2 - 15.6in 768p or 900p - there are intel versions avoid - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude 5495, Inspiron 15 3585 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2300U 2500U 2700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|NVMe or optional 2.5in sata if caddy and ribbon cable}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon Vega 3 or 7 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3246 aka ALC295 0x10ec, 0x0295 or ALC3263 aka ALC 0x10ec, 0x0 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14.0&quot; FHD WVA 1080p (16:9) 220 nits or HD 768p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 32gb - 68whr battery with 2pin cmos bios coin - DC 19.5V 4.62A (90W) or 19.5V 3.34W (65W) 5.0mm x 7.4mm PA12 charging adapter - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 3505, Vostro 3515 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;athlon 300u, Ryzen 3250u (2c4t) 3450u 3500u 3700u (4c8t), Athlon Silver (2c2t) Gold (2c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|up to 2 nvme with optional 2.5in sata ribbon connector}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3204, Cirrus Logic CS8409 (CS42L42 and SN005825)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL 8106E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723DE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64-bit - 15.6inch - 2 ddr4 sodimm max 16G - avoid knocking usb-c charging whilst in use - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 5485 2-in-1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;athlon 300u, Ryzen 3250u (2c4t) 3450u 3500u 3700u (4c8t), Athlon Silver (2c2t) Gold (2c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3204}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723DE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64-bit - 14inch - 2 ddr4 sodimm max 16G - avoid knocking usb-c charging whilst in use - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude 3500, 3310, 3410, 3510, || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron-4205U, Pentium-5405U, Core i5 (8th Gen) i3-8145U, 8265U, i5-8365U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2D for Intel UHD Graphics 610 or 620 hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio with Realtek ALC}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 usb-c usb-a}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111H}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14in or 15.6in 768p to 1080p 220nits - 65w - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - rtc cr2032 cmos 2 pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 5405 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 4500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;One M.2 2230/2280 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3204 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14&quot; 1080p - dell round ac 19.50 VDC 4.50 mm x 2.90 mm 65W(19.5V-3.34A) round 4.5mm tip - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 5415, Inspiron 5515 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 5300U, Ryzen 5 5500U, Ryzen 7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with realtek ALC3254 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 14&quot; or 15.6in - avoid knocking usb-c charging whilst in use or use dell round ac 65W 4.5MM x 3.0MM - replacing keyboard not easy - 1 ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 3425, Vostro 3525, Vostro 5625 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 5425U, Ryzen 5 5625U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB4}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 14in 15.6&quot; to 16&quot; FHD 1080p - dell round ac 65w 4.5MM x 3.0MM or avoid knocking usb-c charging whilst in use - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Inspiron 15 Model 3535, Inspiron 14 7435  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 7520U, AMD Ryzen 5 7530U, 7 7730U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No| hdmi 1.4 but no gpmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 64bit - 14.0&quot; or 15.6&quot; 1080p - dell round ac 65w 4.5MM x 3.0MM or usb-c charging - full sd card slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====Fujitsu-Siemens====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest)
&lt;pre &gt;
Amilo 
Esprimo 
Lifebook 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu [http://www.labri.fr/perso/fleury/index.php?page=bug_transmeta FMV-Biblo Loox S73A (Japan P1100) LifeBook P1120 Biblo Loox T93C (Japan P2120) P2020] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Transmeta Crusoe CPU TM5600 633MHz with Ali M1535 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Rage Mobility M with 4MB SDRAM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Ali M1535 + STAC9723 Codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 only || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1999 32bit 10&quot; 1280 x 600 matte LCD - QuickPoint IV mouse - metal chassis with palm rest plastic - 15GB 2.5 inch drive and SR 8175 8X DVD-ROM drive -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7000 S7010 S7010D S2020 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.6 or 1.7GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Intel 855}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|AC97 with STAC 9751T or 9767 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros, Broadcom or Intel 2200BG - FN,F10}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 14.1 inch with minimal support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook e8010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 855GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 STAC9767 or ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom NetXtreme BCM5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 15.1 inch
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5000 ST5010 ST5011 ST5012 ST5020 ST5021 ST5022 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.0GHz P-M and later 1.1GHz on Intel 855GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5788 tg3 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit charged via a proprietary port power connector 16V 3.75A with wacom serial pen interface - indoor Screen transmissive 10.1 and later 12.1 XGA TFT - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Pro V2010  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA CN400 PM880 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|S3 unichrome use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 VT8237 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rhine 6102 6103 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RaLink RT2500 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit boot mount - unknown bootstrap error then crashes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Li 1705 CN896 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with VIA P4M900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA VT8237 HD Audio  with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;VT82xx 62xx || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|VIA Rhine}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit random freezes
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Esprimo Mobile V5535 Skt mPGA 478MN 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE and EIDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{maybe|IDE mode with SIS 5513}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{maybe|SiS 771 / 671 (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HD Audio SIS968 SIS966 SI7012 with ALC268 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{no|USB 1.1 and 2.0 issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|SiS 191 gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros AR5001 mini pci express}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.5 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 20v barrel - f2 setup f12 multi boot - random freezing short time after booting - chipset SIS 671MX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo SI 1520 1521p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Pro 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - Set Bios option ATA Control Mode to Compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7020 S7020D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Pentium M 740 1.73MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC260 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5751M Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG or Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5030 ST5031 ST5032 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1 to 1.2GHx Pentium M with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - 200 pin ddr2 ram 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5110 ST5111 ST5112 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 1.2GHz Core Duo and Core2 Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with STAC9228 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 ABG or optional atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 either 32 or 64 bit - charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - SigmaTel® touchscreen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E8110 S7110 E8210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC262 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8055 Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit Core Duo 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || CHIPSET || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook PH521 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-350 E-450 1.65GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 6310M 6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 802.11 bgn}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 11.6 inch 1366x768 pixels - DDR3 1066MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;LIFEBOOK E752/E782/S752/S782 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Intel Core i3-2328M to i3-3110M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82579V 1000 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Wireless 6205 may be able to swap for Atheros 5k }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====HP Compaq====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
Presario 
Pavilion 
Omnibook 
ProBook
Armada
Elitebook
&lt;/pre &gt;


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c00 series Compaq Presario  [http://users.utu.fi/sjsepp/linuxcompaqarmada100s.html Armada 100S made by Mitac], 1247 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-II with PE133 MVP-4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - Trident Blade3D AGP sp16953 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA ac'97 audio [rev20] with AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|usual VIA issues [rev10]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit 192MB max - PCcard Texas PC1211 no support - 1200 XL1 1200-XL1xx, XL101, XL103 XL105 XL106 XL109 XL110 XL111 XL116  XL118 XL119 XL125 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c01 series Armada 110, Evo N150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with VIA PLE133 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Trident Cyber Blade i1 chipset || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 686 rev20 82xxx 686a || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82557 Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit max 192mb sodimm 100Mhz 133Mhz ram memory - 1200-XL405A 12XL405A XL502A 12XL502A 1600XL 
|-
| Armada M300 M700 E500 || 440BX || {{Yes| }} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ATI Rage LT M1 Mobility (VESA only)}} || {{no|AC97 ESS Maestro 2E M2E ES1987 sound}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{No|[http://perho.org/stuff/m300/index_en.html Intel PRO 100+ Mini PCI]}} || {{N/A}} || Aspire OS 2012, Nightly 30-01 2013 and 04-05 2013 || 1999 32bit - F10 bios options and Fn+F11 reset CMOS with 64mb ram already on board
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel BX 600Mhz GC model 256mb or AMD GD 500Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - S3 Inc. 86C270 294 Savage IX-MV (rev 11) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Allegro 1 (rev 12)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel 82371AB PIIX4 USB (rev 01) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit no cardbus pcmcia support - no audio from Polk Audio Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82830 ICH3 P3-M 750MHz 800Mhz 900MHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - CGC 830MG}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|only one 1.1 port}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|e100 82557}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.51 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit Boots USB Stick via Plop boot floppy - Memory for GF 256-512mb, GS up 1GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1000 TC-1000 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA NV11 [GeForce2 Go] (rev b2) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA AC97 Audio (rev 50) || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OHCI NEC USB 2.0 (rev 02) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82551 QM (rev 10) || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atmel at76c506 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit Transmeta LongRun (rev 03)  with VT82C686 - Texas Instruments TI PCI1520 PC card Cardbus 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq R3000 ZV5000 (Compal LA-1851) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nForce 3 with AMD CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia  NV17 [GeForce4 420 Go 32M]  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom or Realtek RTL8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4303 BCM4306 or Atheros bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - HPs have a setting to automatically disable wireless if a wired connection is detected 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq [http://www.walterswebsite.us/drivers.htm Presario 700 series] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VT8363 VT8365 [Apollo Pro KT133 KM133] || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VT8636A (S3 Savage TwisterK) (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA AC97 [rev50] with AD1886 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|VIA UHCI USB 1.1 [rev1a]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RealTek RTL8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit poor consumer grade level construction - jbl audio pro speakers - no support for cardbus pcmcia TI PCI1410 - 700A EA LA UK US Z 701AP EA BR FR 701Z 702US 703US AP JP audio sp18895 Sp19472 
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| N400c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Rage Mobility 128 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Maestro 3 allegro 1}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| N410c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Radeon Mobility M7 LW 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| Evo N600c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{No|ESS ES1968 Maestro 2}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2003 32bit 
|-
| Evo N610c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel ICH AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.2.4 ||
|-
| N800c || P4 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit P4M CPU can get very warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NX7010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI mobility 7500 or 9000 Radeon 9200 64MB (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ADI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci (1.1) and ehci (2.0)}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200b bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Preasrio V5000 (Compal LA-2771) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron 3000+ or Turion ML with SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati RS480M Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 ATI with Conexant CX 20468 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8100 8101L 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bcm4318 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 64bit single core machine V5001 V5002 V5002EA V5003 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1100 TC-1100 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia Geforce4 Go || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|BCM 4400}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros wlan W400 W500 or ? bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC6000 NC8000 NW8000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM with Pentium M 1.5 1.6 1.8GHz 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;max 160 GB for NW 8000 || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Ati RV350 mobility 9600 M10 Fire GL T2 ISV use VESA 2D as no laptop display}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel AC97 with ADI codec playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|mini pci Atheros 5212 BG W400 W500 or Intel - all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 based [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=41916&amp;forum=47 works] - Firewire TI TSB43AB22/A - 8 pound 2.5 kg travel weight - an SD slot as well as two PC Card slots - 15-inch UXGA screen (1,600 x 1,200) or 15&quot; SXGA+ (1400 x 1050) (4:3 ratio)  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq NC6110 NX6110 NC6120 NC6220 NC4200 NC8200 TC4200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 915GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D GMA 900}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 with ADI AD1981B playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|440x or BCM 5705M or 5751M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel IPW 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Sonoma based - Wifi with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB one - (INVENTEC ASPEN UMA MV) (INVENTEC ASPEN DIS PV) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq C500 CTO aka HP G7000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek ALC262 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM 4311 bios locked || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP DV6000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD 91B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel PRO 100 VE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32 bit only - Mosfet FDS6679 common cause of shorts giving no power to the tip. To reset adapter, unplug from AC (mains) and wait 15-30 sec. Then plug in again - 
|-
| Presario F700 series, HP G6000 f730us F750 F750us F755US F756NR F765em || AMD Turion Mono MK-36 2.0Ghz NForce 560m or Twin X2 TK-55 with nForce 610m MCP67 || {{N/A| }} || {{Yes|but needs special sata adapt bit and caddy}} || {{Yes|GF Go 7000m 2D and 3D 640x350 to 1280x800 - ball solder issues due to poor cooling}} || {{Maybe| }} || {{Maybe|uhci and ehci boots}} || {{No|Nvidia }} || {{Yes|Atheros AR5007 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.3.1 and Aros One 1.6 USB || 2006 64bit - f9 boot device f10 bios setup - random freezes after a minutes use means internal ventilation maintenance needed each year essential - No sd card and overall limited phoenix bios options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Presario v6604au v6608au V3500 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA MCP67M with AMD Athlon64 X2 TK 55 amd 1.8ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce Go 7150M 630i or C67 630M MCP67 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia or Realtek 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4311 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit Altec Lansing Stereo Speakers - ball solder issues - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario v6610 v6615eo v6620us || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Turion 64 X2 mobile TK-55 / 1.8 GHz to athlon 64x2 @ 2.4ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|geforce 7150 or 7300m 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD HD Audio with IDT codec stereo playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 OHCI EHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 -  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=40956&amp;forum=48 works well]  - 1 x ExpressCard/54 - SD Card slot - AO4407 test voltage of the Drain side (pins 5-8) with AC adapter and no battery, see 0 volts, connect the battery you should have 10-14v - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;v6630em v6642em || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630M with AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 6150M or 7150M  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 15.4 in 1280 x 800 ( WXGA ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM Core Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D issues and no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio AD1981HD}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 - replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB g - 
* 32bit Core Duo T2400 
* 64bit Core 2 Duo T5600 T7600 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NV NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo + 945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Radeon x1300M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ADI1981 low volume}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 Harmon Kardon speakers
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6320 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 
* 32bit Core Duo 1.83GHz T2400 
* 64bit Core2 Duo 1.83GHz T5600 
 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950 2D with a little 3D tunnel 213}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with AD1981HD codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5788}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if applying hacked wifi bios RISKY!! else use USB - 14.1&quot; or 15 inch XGA 1024x768 - noisy cpu fan for core2 - trackpad rhs acts as window scroller - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP NC4400 TC4400 Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo with 82945 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios F.07 limits to 100GB 120GB}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|2D and 3D 282 tunnel and gearbox 150}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ADI 1981HD codec via ear phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or BCM 4306 - Whitelist BIOS F.0C needed but risky}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64 bit possible with Core2 - TI SD card reader non bootable - wacom serial digitiser pen not working - 
* 32bit 1.86GHz core duo 
* 64bit 2Ghz T7200, 2.16Ghz Core 2 Duo T7600 2.33GHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion DV2000 CTO || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950, X3100, Nvidia 8400M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Conexant CX 20549 Venice || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia MCP51 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 4311 or Intel 3945 4965 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario C700 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5007 AR5001 AR242x}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq 2510p 6510b 6710b 6910b || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 965GM GL960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X3100 some 2d but slow software 3d only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio ADI AD1981 HD low volume on head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566 or Broadcom BCM 5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG or 4965ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon 2014 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 no sd card boot support - F9 to choose boot option - [http://forums.mydigitallife.info/threads/7681-This-is-no-request-thread!-HP-COMPAQ-bioses-how-to-modify-the-bios/page111?p=333358#post333358 whitelist removal (risky) bios block for wifi card swap] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ40 CQ41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BC4310 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ35 CQ36 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 Compal LA-4743P - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq CQ42 CQ43 CQ45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Coxenant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8191SE, Realtek 8188CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 (Quanta AX1) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ50 CQ56 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia MCP78S || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Geforce 8200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;nVidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;nvidia MCP77 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR928X bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 [http://donovan6000.blogspot.co.uk/2013/06/insyde-bios-modding-wifi-and-wwan-whitelists.html bios modding risky] MCP72XE MCP72P MCP78U MCP78S 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ60 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Single core Sempron to dual turion || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Nvidia 8200M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP DV6700 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|Vesa for Nvidia 8400M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ60 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel C2D || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Nvidia 9200M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ57z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD slow E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATi HD 6310 wrestler}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek RTL8101 RTL8102}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT5390}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP CQ58z 103SA E5K15EA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD slow Dual-Core E1-1500 APU with A68M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon HD 7310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 10/100 BASE-T}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 39.6 cm (15.6&quot;) HD BrightView LED-backlit (1366 x 768)
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 635 DM1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD slow E-300, E-450 later E2-1800 on SB7x0 SB8x0 SB9x0 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;ATI non efi SATA AHCI - IDE mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2D - AMD HD6310, 6320 to HD7340}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC270A GR but not Wrestler HDMI Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 driver covers Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 14&quot; 1366 x 768 - f9 f10 - external battery - 2 stacked ddr3l sodimm slots max 16Gb under one base plate - removable keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP G6 2000-2b10NR 2000-2d10SX 2000-2d80NR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow E1-2000 E2-3000M on A50M (soldered) A4-3305A on A60M (socket) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6620G, 6520G, 6480G, 6380G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek 100 1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 39.6-cm (15.6-in) HD LED BrightView (1366×768) - 1 or 2 ddr3l max 8G - 19VDC 3.42A Max 65W Tip 7.4mm x 5.0mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6465B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD massively slow A6-3310MX or A6-3410MX with A60M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6480G or 6520G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|IDT 92HD81B1X}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 6205 or broadcom 4313 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 13-inch or 14-inch runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 8470p 8570p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Quad i7-3840QM, i7-3610QM, i7-3520M, i5-3210M, i3-3130M, i3-2370M on Intel QM77 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|set the bios boot options to not fastboot and drive mode IDE rather than AHCI }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for HD4000 with some having switchable Radeon M2000 or 7570M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio for IDT codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579LM }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel, Broadcom, Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;64 bit boots from CD* if safe mode 2 is used, although it is possible to remove the 'nodma' and 'debug' entries and boot || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit with SSE4.1 and AVX - 14in 1600 x 900 to 1366 x 768 - 2 DDR3L sodimm slots max 16Gb - TPM 1.2 - dual boot 32/64 bit is working fine - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6475b, Probook 4445s 4545s, HP Pavilion 15-b115sa, [https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c04015674#AbT6 HP mt41 Mobile Thin Client PC] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A4 4300M, A6 4400M 4455M or A8 4500M with AMD A70M A76M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 7420 7520G 7640G 7660G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio with idt or realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8151FH-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205 or Broadcom BCM 43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 15.6-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ENVY 15-k112nl K1Y78EA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® Core™ i7 i7-4510U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD4400 and/without NVIDIA® GeForce® GTX 850M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwood usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 15.6&quot; 768p to 1080p - 19.5V 3.33A (65w) 4.62A (90W) 6.15A (120W) AC - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion Gaming Laptop 15-ak002na || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G1, 455 G1 F2P93UT#ABA, 645 G1, Envy 15-j151ea G7V80EA, Envy m6-1310sa (E4R01EA#ABU) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow Dual-Core E1-1500, or AMD Quad A4-4300M A8-4500M A10-4600M A4-5150M A6-5350M 2.9Ghz A10-5750M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for 7310, 7420G 7520G 7640G 7660G 8350G 8450G or 8550G, 8650G, 8750G }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio IDT 92HD91 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 14in and 15in 1366 x 768 - external battery - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - 19.5v / 4.62A psu runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 245 G4, 255 G2, 455 G2, 255 G3, 455 G3, 255 G4 80CB, 255 G5 82F6, 355 G2, HP Pavilion 15-p038na 15-g092sa 15-p091sa 15-G094S 15-p144na 15-p142na, 15-Af156sa || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A4-5000 A6-5200, E2-6110, E1-6010 E2-2000, E1-2100 E2-3800, A4-6210 A6-6310 A8-6410, E2-7110, A6-7310 A8-7410 APU on A68M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata some with cdrw dvdrw || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R2 R4 R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio ALC3201-GR}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8102E or Atheros 1GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Qualcomm Atheros AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit most have SSE4 AVX but E2-2000 does not - 15.6-inch (1366 x 768) - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - small 31Whr or 41Whr external battery covers 240 G4, 245 G4, 250 G4, 255 G4, 256 G4, 14G, 15G - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G2, 745 G2, 755 G2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd Quad very slow A6-7050B A8-7150B 1.9GHz A10-7350B || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R4 R5 Radeon R6 with DP and vga}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT 92HD91}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 PCIe GBE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom or Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 12.5-inch, 14&quot; or 15.6in (all 1366 x 768) - 19.5V 65w 45W AC adapter - internal pull up tab battery under base which slides off - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 g2, Probook 445 G2, Probook 245 G2 most have cmos rtc battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A6-8600 A8-8700 a10- || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel I219V 100/1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 14in and 15.6-inch HD (1366 x 768) or FHD 1080p - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots max 16GB - internal battery - hp ac psu tip - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G3 should have a cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD slow A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 2.5in sata and most should have 9.5mm dvd-rw || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Conexant CX7501 codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8188EE }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G3, 745 G3, 755 G3, 725 G4, 745 G4, 755 G4, HP mt43 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd slow A8-8600B, A10-8700B, A12-8800B to Quad A8 Pro 9600B to A10 9800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R5 R6 R7 with DP and vga but screen is low res, dull colours, and blurry}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5762 PCIe GBE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8723BE-VB}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 12.5-inch (1366 x 768) to 14&quot; and 15.6in - 2 sodimm ddr3 - 19.5V 45W AC slim 4.5mm hp adapter - randomly shuts down and the noisy fans constantly on - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 G3, 655 G3 should have a cmos rtc battery underside of mb || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 8th Gen slow A10-8730B, A8-9600B (4c4t) A6-8530B (2c2t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 250 G5 easy cmos and external main battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-6500U, i5-6200U, i3-6100U to slow i3-6006U, N3710 all sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for iGPU Intel HD405 to HD520 dGPU skylake or AMD Radeon R5 430M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio  with Realtek ALC3227 (or ALC282) codec 0x0282 }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6 inch 768p - HP ac psu - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 250 G6 SL52 LA-E801P - easy cmos battery and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel dual core tested '''i5-7200U''' untested i7-7500U to very slow N3060 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|ahci on M.2 sata or 2.5in sata3 whichever installed with 1 m.2 sata3 permanent and internal dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|IG: 480p to 1080p 2D for Intel Intel HD Graphics 620 kabylake or AMD Radeon 520}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio 0x8086, 0xa170 or 0x8086, 0x9dc8 with ALC3227 aka ALC282 codec 0x10EC, x0282}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|intel sunrise point-lp USB3.0 xHCI}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8821CE or Intel wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 D03 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p or 1080p - 19.5V 65W - 2 DDR4 sodimm slots max 16Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - poor hinges and build quality - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion 14-BS, HP 15-BS LA-E802P cmos battery and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i3-7200U to slow Celeron  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in (possibly requires the drive cable and M.2 sata3, most have no cdrw dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x8086, 0x9d70 with ALC codec 0x10EC, x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188CTV, RTL8821CE or Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3168}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p all - 19.5V 65W - DDR4 slot max 8Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 14-bw022na - cmos coin battery and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A6-9120 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for R3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio VOID with conexant CX7501 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 not working but port on the right works}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p to 900p - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G4, Probook 455 G5, cmos battery on underside of mb take off back cover and below wifi card || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A10-9600P APU, A9-9410, A6-9210 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R4, R5 or R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek 1GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|realtek or intel Wireless-AC 7265}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 15.6in 768p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard swap problematic - rr03xl battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G6 (), easy cmos and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow E2-9000e, A9-9420, 9220P, A4-9125 (all 2c) AMD A6-9225 AMD A9-9425  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in (possibly requires the drive cable and M.2 sata3 and internal cdrw dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for R2 R3 R4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x157a or 0x1002, 0x15b3 with ALC codec 0x10EC, x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188CTV, RTL8821CE or Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3168}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p all - 19.5V 65W - DDR4 slot max 8Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G7 (la-g078p) - no cmos battery so needs internal battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow E2-9000e, A9-9420, 9220P, A4-9125 (all 2c) AMD A6-9225 AMD A9-9425 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in (possibly requires the drive cable and M.2 sata3, most have no internal cdrw dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for R2 R3 R4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x157a or 0x1002, 0x15b3 with ALC codec 0x10EC, x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188CTV, RTL8821CE or Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3168}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p all - 19.5V 65W - DDR4 slot max 8Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ProBook 245 g8 - no cmos rtc coin battery but uses internal battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A6-9225, A4-9125, A6-8350B, A4-5350B APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R4 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p - many later variants - keyboard swap problematic - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Probook 255 G7 84AE 7DE72EA 7DE73EA (epv51 la-g076p) - CMOS Error (502) replace main internal battery HT03XL to have bios remember settings || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 2200U 2300U (2c4t), R5 2500U, R7 2700U (4c8t) Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|M.2 (Sata or NVMe) and very optional 2.5in sata, most have mini sata port}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d 640p to 768p for AMD Vega 3, 6, or 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x15e3 with ALC236 0x10ec, 0x0236 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8821CE, 8822BE or Intel AC 8265}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS x64 deadwoods' iso does not boot with cd/dvd and installed to 2.5in ssd, boots to grub choice, select but no further and reboots || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5 to 15.6in 768p mostly to 1080p - 1 on smaller laptops or 2 ddr4 2400mhz sodimm slots on larger laptops max 16Gb - hp 4.5mm blue tip charging - keyboard swap problematic - esc boot options f9 boot order f10 bios - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 725 G5, 735 G5, 745 G5, 755 G5, Probook 455 G6, ProBook 645 G6 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 2200U 2300U (2c4t), R5 2500U, R7 2700U (4c8t) Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|M.2 (Sata or NVMe) and very optional 2.5in sata, some have mini sata port but no cdrw dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d 640p to 768p for AMD Vega 3, 6, or 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x15e3 with ALC 0x10ec, 0x0 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8821CE, 8822BE or Intel AC 8265}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso does not boot software error || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5 to 15.6in 768p mostly to 1080p - 1 on smaller laptops or 2 ddr4 2400mhz sodimm slots on larger laptops max 16Gb - hp 4.5mm blue tip charging - keyboard swap problematic - esc boot options f9 boot order f10 bios - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 14-cm, 15-bw0, HP 15-db0043na, HP 15-db0996na, HP 15-db0997na, 17-ca0007na, 17-ca1, ProBook 645 G4 - no cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2200U (2c 4t) 2500U (4c 8t) with AMD Carrizo FCH 51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1 M.2 and 1 2.5in on some larger models and hdd port }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R5 and later Vega 3 or 7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio 0x1002, 0x103c or 0x1022, 0x157a with Realtek ALC3227 0x10ec, 0x0282 but ATI HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB3 USB boot drive stuck on kitty's eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL 8723DE 8821 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2020 Icaros 2.3 USB, Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso does not boot software error || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit 2kg - screen is dim 14in, 15.6in or 17.3&quot; 768p or 1080p - 65W 19.5V ac adapter - internal 3-cell 41 Wh Li-ion battery does not last long - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - no DVD-Writer - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 250 G7, 250 G8 - no cmos battery so needs internal battery and needs usb3 boot due to garbage bios boot options || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i3-7020U, 8235U 8265U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|M.2 nvme not working, optional sata 2.5in requires LS-G072P and ribbon cable, if internal cdrw dvdrw partial boot}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Intel Whiskey Lake-U 620 GT2 UHD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x8086, 0xa170 or 0x8086, 0x9dc8 with ALC236 codec 0x10EC, x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|Cannon Point-LP USB3.1 xHCI}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8821CE or Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3168}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test 2026.09.D01 iso works but does not boot stuck on kittys eyes if burnt to dvdr || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit 1080p all - 19.5V 65W - DDR4 slot max 16Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - f9 boot order f10 uefi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 255 G7 7DC73EA 2D200EA 87CE (fpp55 la-g07jp), - CMOS Error (502) replace 41.04Wh ht03xl hto3xl dynapack suzhou main battery to have bios remember settings || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' R5 3500U (4c8t) '''untested''' mostly dual cores - AMD Athlon Gold 3150U (2c2t), Silver 3050U APU (2c2t), Ryzen 3 Pro 3145U APU, 3200U (2c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1 m.2 NVMe or sata3 up to 2280, optional 2.5in sata, many have mini-sata slimline 6+7 internal port but no physical 9mm drive}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D from 640p to 1080p for AMD Vega 3, 6 or 8 with up to 2gb ram taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x15e3 with realtek ALC236 codec 0x10ec, 0x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 but no usb-c}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek GbE RTL8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8822BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 Aros One 32bit and 64bit usb works sometimes but burnt dvdr iso does not fully boot (stuck on kitty's eyes) || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in / 15.6in dim tn panel 768p or 1080p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 16gb - hp 19.5V 45W 65W AC blue tip round 4.5 mm - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - caps lock blinking 3 times then 2 quick pulses means ram or bios issue - f9 boot order f10 uefi - laptop needs usb3 to boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 450 G5 needs main battery for bios settings saved || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-8550U, i5-8250U, i3-8130U, i7-7500U, i5-7200U, i3-7100U, i3-7020, i3-6006U all sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel UHD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio  with codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 15.6 inch 768p or 1080p - HP ac psu, 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c06955717 ProBook 245 g8], Probook 445R G6, 455R G6, HP14-dk0599sa, pavilion 15-cw1511na 15-cw1507sa, HP 15s-eq1516sa no cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Gold 3150U (2c2t), Silver 3050U APU (2c2t), Ryzen 3 Pro 3145U APU, 3200U (2c4t) and 3500U (4c8t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1 m.2 (NVMe or sata3 up to 2280), optional 2.5in sata but resets}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D from 640p to 1080p for AMD Vega 3, 6 or 8 with up to 2gb ram taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x15e3 with realtek ALC codec 0x10ec, 0x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek GbE RTL8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8822BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in / 15.6in dim tn panel 768p or 1080p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 16gb - hp 19.5V 45W 65W AC blue tip round 4.5 mm - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - f9 boot order f10 uefi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 450 G6 needs main battery for bios settings saved || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-8565U, i5-8265U, i3-8165U all sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel UHD 620}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio  with Realtek ALC3246 aka ALC295 codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6 inch 768p or 1080p - 45W 19.5V HP ac psu - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitebook 735 G6 5VA23AV, Elitebook 745 G6, 255 g8, HP 15s-dy - no cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Ryzen™ 5-3500U Ryzen 3-3300U AMD Ryzen 3-3250U AMD Athlon® Gold 3150U AMD Athlon Silver 3050U AMD 3020e || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|m.2 2280 nvme in legacy - hp sure start and secure boot disabled but still issues with gpt installs - LS-H323P LS-K201P}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Vega 8, 5 or 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi with realtek ALC codec 0x10EC, 0x0295}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 type-A port boots stick partially to kitty eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 realtek RTL8111E or 8111H}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek or intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2020 Icaros 2.3 onto USB and AROS One 1.8 USB, Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6in 1366x768 to 1920x1080 - 2 3200MHz DDR4 sodimms - 19.5V 2.31A or 20V 2.25 45W 4.5X3.0MM hp - esc bios setup, f9 boot device select - low travel keyboard - poor hw03xl or  battery life - plastic hooked base with retained screws - touchpad? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 445 G7, 455 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 4300U 5 4500U 4700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata and 1 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with realtek alc236 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek rtl8111ep}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek RTL8822CE or intel AC 9260 or Wi-Fi 6 AX200}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14 inch 768p or 1080p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - smart 45w 65w hp or usb-c charging - keyboard swap problematic - RE03XL battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 450 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel UHD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111EP}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 15.6 inch 768p or 1080p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 745 G7, 845 G7, HP 15-EH0006NA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 4300U, 5 4500U, PRO 4650U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SSD M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|Hdaudio  with codec 0x10EC, 0x0257}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - Bang &amp; Olufsen speakers - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G8, HP 245 G9, ProBook 255 G9 816C2EA#ABE, - no cmos battery only internal battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 5300u, 5425U, 5 5500U 5625U, 7 5700u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|NVMe}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 6 or 8 hdmi 1.4B}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822CE or Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 14&quot; to 15.6in 768p to 1080p poor gamut - 45 or 65w hp psu - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 16GB - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 450 G9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel Iris Xe}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111H}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 15.6 inch - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 645 g7, 835 G8, 845 g8, HP ENVY x360 13 15, HP 17-cp0021na || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 5650U, 7 5800U, R7 Pro 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD Radeon}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 0x, 0x with ALC3247 aka ALC236 codec 0x10ec, 0x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 1Gbe on 645 only}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 13.3&quot; or 14&quot; 1080p - poor screens low nits and srgb score - 845 gets hot ue to poor cooling - slim round hp ac - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Dev One, HP ProBook 455 G8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 7 5800U, R7 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 15.6&quot; 1080p - 2 internal sodimm slots - hp barrel charging - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitebook 655 g9 669y1ut#aba,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5675U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 15.6&quot; 1080p - 1 or 2 internal sodimm slots - usb-c charging - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP probook 635 Aero G8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 5600U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2921 64bit - 14in 1080p - 2 ddr4 slots - ec chip nuvoton NPCX797HA1B - bios winbond 250256JYEN - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP PROBOOK X360 435 G8 cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;RYZEN 5 5600U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDaudio with ALC236 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8822CE or Intel AX200}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - hp round ac plug - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 845 g9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 6000 series 6850u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }}Qualcomm Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit aluminum case - 14in 1080p to 2140p 16:10 poor screen again - 2 internal ddr5 sodimm slots - usb-c ac charging avoid any knocks - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 445 G10, 455 G10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 7530U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Vega 7 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 15.6in - hp round ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hp 455 G11 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 7335U (4c8t), 5 7535U (6c12t), 7 7735U (8c16t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Vega 7 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 35.6 cm (14.0 in) 1920x1200 or 2560x1600 - usb-c 45w or 65w ac - 2 ddr5 sodimm slots max 32gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====IBM/Lenovo====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
iSeries
Edge 
Ideapad
Thinkpad - good cases and construction but electronic internals same as anyone else 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 390X 390E (2626) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic MM2200 with C400 P2-266 to P3 500MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|256AV or ESS Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 600x || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neomagic NM2360 MagicMedia 256ZX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Crystal CS4297A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit a little support - earlier 600 and 600e were Pentium 2 based 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X20 (2662-32U) X21 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440 BX ZX DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 with Cirrus Logic Crystal cs4281}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;no mini pci intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 
|-
| Thinkpad T20 (2647) T21 (26) T22 || 440BX || {{Maybe| }} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|Savage IX-MV (VESA only)}} || {{no|Cirrus Logic CS 4614/22/ 24/30}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2002 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A21e (2628, 2655) A22e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440MX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati rage mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 Cs4299 CS4229}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 
|-
| Thinkpad T23 (2647) || i810 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Super Savage IX/C SDR (VESA only)}} || {{maybe|AC'97 CS4299}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel ICH3 PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Realtek RTL8180L others with bios hacking risky}} || || 2003 32bit with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X22 X23 X24 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi Mobility M6 LY || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 CS4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 x 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Actiontec Harris Semi Intersil Prism 2.5 (X23 and X24 only) || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit with slice Ultrabase X2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A30 A30p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon M6 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS 4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 ve || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A31 A31p R31 R32 T30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7500 or FireGL || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 Intel with AD1881A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes| Intel Pro 100 ve}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Android-Ecosystem-Developers/AROS-An-operation-system-inside-Android/td-p/1441741 Icaros 1.5.2] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit Also tested with Icaros 2.0.3. 
|-
| Thinkpad X30 (2673) X31 (2884-xx2) X31t || i830 || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only Radeon M6 Mobility}} || {{yes|AC97 - AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{no|Cisco Aironet or Intel 2915 but atheros with bios hacking}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2004 32bit sound bit distorted 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R50e R51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 855M use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;intel AC97 with AD1981B codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - 
|-
| IBM Thinkpad T40 (2373) T41 T41p (2379) T42 T42p T43 T43p || Intel 8xx || {{partial|PIO}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI mobility 7500 9000 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 playback}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{no|e1000}} || {{Maybe|Intel 2200bg bios locked but possible AR5BMB-44 AR5212 FRU 39T0081 mini PCI}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2004 32bit 16v IBM plug - Centrino Needs ATA=nodma option - issues with the inner chip of the SMT BGA graphics chip 
|-
| Thinkpad X32 || i855 || {{yes|40, 60 or 80GB 2.5&quot; PATA HDD}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only ATI Mobility Radeon 7000 with 16MB}} || {{maybe| Intel AC'97 Audio with a AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Intel 1000}} || {{no|Intel 2200 but atheros with bios hacking}} || 2016 Icaros 2.1 || 2004 32bit - 12.1&quot; TFT display with 1024x768 resolution; 256 or 512MB PC2700 memory standard (2GB max) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X40 X40t by Quanta || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel 800 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel but most atheros with bios hacking - difficult though}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit last IBM design 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X41 (IBM) MT 1864 1865 2525 2526 2527 2528 x41t (Lenovo) MT 1866 1867 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with single core 1.5 1.6 and tablet 1.2GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel or MiniPCI Wi-Fi Atheros AR5BMB FRU 39T0081 but ordinary atheros 54meg needs risky bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - amongst first Lenovo design - 3pin cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 (most 18xx) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 1846, 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, 1870 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATi 200m  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|ATI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T60 T60P 
* 64bit - 6 or 8 is 16:10 on T60/p, eg. 8742-CTO 15.4&quot; 
* 32bit - 1 and 2 are 14&quot;, 15&quot; 4:3, like 2007-YM3 or 1952-CTO 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;*any* T60/p will take a Core 2 Duo CPU with newer BIOS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA (2D) with &quot;p&quot; graphics card (ATi V5200 or V5250) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|e1000e 82573L}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel ipw3945 ABG but atheros with Middleton's or Zender BIOS hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X60 x60s x60t tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1981 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 ABG or fru 39T5578 Atheros 5K AR5BXB6 ar5007eg with bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Icaros 1.4 || 2006 32bit - perhaps needs a zendered bios update but risky 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R60 R60e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 950 with optional radeon x1300 x1400 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with 1981HD codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 3945 or atheros fru 39T5578 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit
|-
| Thinkpad T61 T61p without Middleton's or Zender BIOS || Core 2 Duo CPU T7300 T8300 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || Intel GMA (2D), NVS 140m or Quadro FX 570M () || {{maybe|HD Audio with Analog Devices AD1984 or AD1984A HD Audio Codec routed to the line output}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|intel e1000e 82573L}} || {{No|Intel but atheros with bios hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.6, AROS One  || 2007 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X61 x61s X61T Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo T8100 on i965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3100 (2D) slow 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1984 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566DM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{maybe|Atheros AR5212 (some revisions use Intel WLAN runs very hot) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit ultrabook running very hot - ddr2 max 4gb - 3pin cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R61 R61i || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5787M || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit 
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|Geforce 7300 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|Broadcom}} || {{no|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2007 64bit 3D graphics parts are supported but buggy.
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 / V200 || GM965 ICH9-M with Intel Mobile Core 2 Duo T5450 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|X3100 (2D)}} || {{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269VB or CX20549}} || {{yes| }} || {{no|BCM5906M}} || {{no|Intel 3965 / 4965AGN bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4.1 2.1 || 2007 64bits of laptop works 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Merom SL7100 1.2GHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 4965 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 13.3&quot; TFT 1440x900 (WXGA+) with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge 11″ AMD K325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for ATI HD4200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|8192CE (Realtek 8176) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 little support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X301 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Penryn SU9400 Su9600 with GM45 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch micro SATA (uSATA) || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X4500}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 5xxx WiFi link 5100, 5150, 5300 and 5350 (WiMAX) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 WXGA+ (1440×900) LED backlight display -  2774 or 4057 Alps and 2776 Synaptics touchpad - optical bay interface is Legacy IDE (PATA) - Addonics ADMS18SA, Lycom ST-170m 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X100e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Neo Single-Core (MV-40) and dual cores || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|2.5in tray in ide mode in bios}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa ATI HD3200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with CX20582 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek r8192se bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 11.6in 1366 x 768 - 20v 65W round barrel - enter f1 setup f11 diagnostics f12 boot list - runs very warm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL400 SL500 || Intel  || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|IDE mode}} || {{Maybe|Nvidia 9400M}} || {{Maybe|ALC269}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{Maybe|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} ||  || 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL410 SL510 || 965  || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA X4500M (some 2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC269 codec - speaker and ear phones}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{yes|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} || [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=645774&amp;postcount=28 Icaros 1.3] || 2009 64bit SL-410 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400 ODM Wistron || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d - optional switchable Nvidia or ATi HD3470 untested}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Codec CX20561 (T400)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 20v lenovo plug - non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VSEA for Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with CX20585}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T500 T510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for switchable Intel / AMD  HD 3640}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|Intel HD Audio with a CX20561 (t500) and CX20585 (T510) codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Lenovo branded unit Atheros AR5007EG AR5BHB63 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X200 ODM Wistron [http://itgen.blogspot.co.uk/2008/12/installing-arch-linux-on-lenovo.html X200s] and x200t tablet model without [http://fsfe.soup.io/post/590865884/the-unconventionals-blog-English-Flashing-Libreboot-on Risky flash of the Libreboot BIOS] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM45 GS45 with slow Celeron, SU or faster SL Core 2 Duos CPUs || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe||Intel GMA 4500 MHD 2D but slow software 3D tunnel 10 gearbox 8 tests}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD Audio with Conexant CX20561 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{{Yes|USB 2.0 USB SD card reads and writes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82567LM Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Pro 5100 5150 5300 5350 AGN due to whitelist prevention bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 12.1&quot; CCFL (webcam version) or LED backlit (no webcam). no support for 54mm express cards or Authentec 2810 fingerprint reader - thinkpoint only no trackpad - 3pin cmos -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T410 T410s T410si || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;qm57 with i5 m || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use vesa Intel 5700MHD (Ironlake) core processor igp with optional Nvidia Quadro NVS 3100M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio Conexant CX20585 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82577lm gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Intel n 6200 or Atheros AR9280 AR5BHB92 half size minipcie bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 xmas || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit battery life much lower with Nvidia graphics version - no support firewire ricoh r5c832 - ricoh sd card - series 5 3400  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X201 X201s x201t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM57 Core i3 370m, i5 M520 2.4GHz or i7 620LM 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d on Intel GMA HD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD with [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=94.0 Conexant 20585] codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 X201 arrandale power consumption limits battery life to 3-4 hours for 48Whr though to 6 on 72Whr - 12.5&quot; WXGA - 3pin cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad B470, B570, V370, V470, V570 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® Core™ i5 i5-2430M, i5-2450M, || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d for Intel || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 0x8086, 0x1c20 with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|whitelisted}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 14in or 15.6in 768p - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T420 type 4180 4236, t420s , T520 4239 L520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i5 2540, 2520 or i7 2860QM 2620 has sse4.1 avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 136 x 768 - Intel HD 3000 with optional NVS 4200M Nvidia optimus or Radeon HD 565v }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only with Conexant CX20672 codec - AHI 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 1x1, Intel Ultimate-N 6205 6250 2x2 6300 3x3 all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2.2 add noacpi to grub boot options || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - screen 1600x900 or 1366x768 - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots max 16gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad W520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; has sse4.1 avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 3000 with nvidia quadro 1000m 2000m optimus issues with Nvidia Intel hybrids}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel Hd with CX 20585 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579 Lm}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000s}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 15.6&quot; TFT display with 1366x768 (HD), 1600x900 (HD+) or 1920x1080 (FHD) resolution with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X220 x220t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM67 express, dual i5 2520M or i7 dual 2620M sse4.1 avx support || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D 1024 x 768 for Intel HD Graphics 3000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD playback with Conexant 20672 codec ear phones and speaker - AHI 6.27 6.34}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6205 Wi-Fi bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3, Aros One USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit possible - uses slimmer 7 mm storage sata devices - NEC USB 3.0 on i7's - unwanted trackpad gestures when palms rests on it - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X120e, x121e Quanta FL8A DAFL8AMB8D0 Rev D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 with slow AMD E350 has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATI 0x9802}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI SBx00 Azalia HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 RTL8111}}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 0x0576 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 11.6 inch screen - 1 inch think - chiclet keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S205 G575 G585, Edge 11 E325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E-350 later E-450 with A75 or AMD Athlon II Neo has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - removeable and plug in battery - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S206 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E300 1.3GHZ Dual has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with CX20672 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 11.6&quot; and integrated battery - Conexant® 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo x130e or x131e edu || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD E-300 or E-450 has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon HD 6310 or 6320 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio Realtek ALC269VC / ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB 30 and USB 20}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek RTL8111 RTL8168B}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8188CE or Broadcom BCM43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - rubber edged bumper for K12 education market - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E135 E335 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd dual E-300, E2-1800 or E2-2000 slow atom like A68M FCH has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|SATA 3.0Gb/s 2.5&quot; wide 7mm high}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA radeon 6310 or 7340 vga or hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|2 usb3, 1 powered usb2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111f}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek WLAN whitelist bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 11.6 inch to 13.3in 1366x768 - Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) plastic case - external battery - 20v 65w lenovo barrel ac - 2 ddr3 sodimm 8Gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E525 E535 LENOVO IDEAPAD Z575 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-3420M A8-3500M later A8-4500M has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6620G later 7640G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB2 usb3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 15.6in 1368 x 768 matt - 65W 20v lenovo round psu - thick desktop replacement - ThinkPad Edge E520 E520S E525 E530 E545 E535 E530C Laptop Keyboard swap - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T430 t430i T530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ivy bridge i5 3320 3230m on Intel QM77 has sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 1366 x 768 for Intel HD 4000 with optional Nvidia 5400M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3202 aka ALC269VC codec playback ear head phones - HDA 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2 ports and usb2.0 devices thru usb 3.0 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Intel or Atheros AR9285 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit fan noise and chiclet keyboard, synaptics trackpad - HD+ 768p - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X230 x230t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel QM67 express i5 has sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with ALC269 aka ALC3202}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|I}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 12.2 in 1366 x 768 - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T440 t440s t440p T540 L440 L540 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel haswell 8 series Core i3 to i7 has sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA - Intel 4600 or Nvidia}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3232 alc269 codec or ALC292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 7260 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 14 and 15&quot; models with glitchy trackpad and no physical buttons - keyboard repair not easy as well as 4 variants of key caps - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X240 x240t ultrabook TN (20AL0081GE), HD IPS display without touch (20AL007NGE) and touch (20AL0076GE) but all 65% sRGB || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;haswell i7-4600U i5 4200U 4210U 4300U i3-4100U - two batteries, one internal 3cell 45N1110 (45N1111) or 45N1112 (FRU 45N1113) and external 3 / 6cell  45N1126 (FRU 45N1127) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2.5in 7mm sata (torq t7), m.2 2242 in WWAN slot (m and b key NGFF Sata)}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use 2d IG: 768p BGR0 for Intel 4400, no 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio 0x8086, 0x0a0c or 0x8086, 0x9c20 with Realtek ALC3232 aka ALC292 0x10ec, 0x0292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB3 xhci and USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel® 82577LM Gigabit (Hanksville) }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Intel 7260n I218-V or I218-LM bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB and Deadwood D03 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 12.2in 1366 x 768 or 1080p - 1 ddr3l sodimm slot - no keyboard spill drainage and at least 2 variants of key caps - lenovo rectangle pwr ac - TPM 1.2 - Bluetooth 4.0 maybe - bottom panel with 8 retained screws - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E545 
* key cap swap with E440 E531 E540 L440 L450 T431S T440S T440P T540 
* Keyboard swap L540 T540p W540 Edge E531 E540 W541 T550 W550S L560 P50S T560 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Socket FS1r2 A6-5350M (2c2t) or A8-4500M, A8-5550M, A10-5750M (4c4t) with A76M FCH has sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in 9.5mm - enter UEFI bios with Enter or ESC, config section, sata into compatibility and security, secure boot disabled - mini sata DVD burner PLSD DS8A9SH || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 7640G, 8450G, 8550G, 8650G ?? Islands}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VOID for HDAudio 6.34 0x1022, 0x780d with Conexant CX20590 Analog 0x14f1, 0x506e CX20671 codec 0x14f1, 0x5069 or audio over Trinity HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|boots pen drives from yellow usb port but not from blue USB3 ones, issues with AMD usb3 hardware quirks}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 1GbE 8111F}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM43142 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.3 USB works with noacpi added to end of grub2 boot line but not booting on AROS One 64bit 1.1 via usb2 stick or iso burnt to dvd || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 matt - 20v 65w 90w round lenovo plug psu - 2 DDR3 SODIMM slots 16GB Max - external 6 Cell Li-Ion Battery 48Wh l11s6y01 45n1043 - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery in wifi area jp1202 - amd v(tm) virtualization not working - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo B40-70, B50-70, E40-70, E50-70 Y50-70 Notebook || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4400 with maybe GTX 860M or GTX 960M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC236 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;AMD platform codes
*Beema: ABM, 
*Carizzo-L: ACL,
*Carizzo: ACZ, 
*Godavari: AGR, 
*Kaveri: AKV, 
*Stoney Ridge: ASR,
*Stoney Ridge: AST (NB), 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
*Summit Ridge: ASU, 
*Bristol Ridge-L: ABL, 
*Bristol Ridge: ABR, 
*Raven Ridge: ARR, 
*Picasso: API 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad P50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-6820HQ || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Quadro M2000M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.laptop-schematics.com/db/78/V%20series%20laptops%20(Lenovo)/ V110-14AST (14in) V110-15AST, V110-14ISK V110-15ISK 80TL (15&quot;)],  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E1-9000, A6-9210 to A9-9410 all dual core and intel 6006u, 6100u, 6200u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 2.5in sata most 7mm some 9.5mm || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R2, R3, R5 or R6 or Intel Gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 14in to 15.6in mostly 768p 220 nits - 20v 45W or 65W lenovo slim rectangle end ac - keyboard swap hard - integrated 24WHr battery - 4gb ddr4 ram soldered and 1 2133Mhz ddr4 slot max 12Gb - abs plastic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;
*ThinkPad A275 12in (1 ddr4 1866MHz sodimm) 
*Thinkpad A475 14in (2 ddr4 1866MHz sodimm) - both internal (main) and external (secondary) battery 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A10-8730B A10-9700B 2.500Ghz later A12-8830B A12-9800B all 4c4t (AVX2 on 9000s) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|7mm 2.5in sata with mbr and not gpt, setup in another machine - secure boot disabled, bios startup boot set to legacy then uefi - WWAN slot cannot use M.2 2242 sata with M and B key}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R5 or R7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi 0x1022, 0x157a with ALC3268 aka ALC298 codec 0x10ec, 0x0298 - VOID even with QUERY / QUERYD added}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|USB3 error on boot suspect AMD usb3 quirk}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 RTL8111EPV}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE WLAN whitelist locked cannot swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;{{maybe|AROSOne USB 32bit 1.8 with noacpi noapic noioapic added to grub2 boot line but Aros One 64bit 1.2 USB has krnPanic }} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 12 or 14in 768p - 45W or 65w lenovo rectangle ac adapter - F1 enter bios and F12 boot order - 6 retained screws and snap on base - 2100 error message no solution except using only efi/gpt bios option - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;320S-15AST, 320S-15ABR, ideapad Slim 1-11AST-05 81VR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9220e, AMD A6-9225, A9-9425, A10-9600P 7th Gen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe| Vesa 2D for AMD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 or Realtek RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AVX2 - 14in or 15.6&quot; 768p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Ideapad S145-14AST S145-15AST 81N3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9225, A9-9425, A10-9600P 7th Gen, AMD A12-9720P Mobo 5B20P11110 NMB341 Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8670A 8670M 8690M GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 or Realtek RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AVX2 - 14in or 15.6&quot; 768p or 1080p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Ideapad V145-14AST V145-15AST, 81mt, Ideapad 310, Ideapad 320-15ABR, Ideapad 330-14AST 330-15AST 330-17AST || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9225, A9-9425 (2c2t), A10-9600P 7th Gen, AMD A12-9720P Mobo 5B20P11110 NMB341 Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in with optional dvd}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8670A 8670M 8690M GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with ALC3240-va3-cg aka ALC236? codec 0x10de, 0x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 8106E 10/100 only}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 or Realtek RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit AVX2 - 14in or 15.6&quot; 768p or 1080p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 45w 65w slim ac adapter - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V330-14ARR 81B1, V330-15ARR 81, 330-14ARR 81 330-15ARR 81D2 - battery internal about 30whr || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R3 2200U, 2300U or R5 2500U Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 nvme/sata, optional 2.5in sata but no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 6 or 8 up to 1Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x1002, 0x15de with Realtek® ALC5682I-VD codec 0x10de, 0x or coxenant CX11802 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek 1GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14&quot; 768p 20mm thick 1.8kg - 20v 2.25a 45w ac round barrel - chiclet keyboard - 4Gb soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm - TPM 2.0 in bios - 4GB soldered - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad 330s-14ARR, 330s-15ARR, ideapad 330S-14IKB, 330S-15IKB,  - battery internal about 30whr || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R3 2200U, 2300U or R5 2500U Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD or Intel 610, 620 up to 1Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14&quot; 20mm thick 1.8kg - 20v 2.25a 45w ac round barrel - chiclet keyboard - 4Gb soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm - TPM 2.0 in bios - 4GB soldered - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E485 E585 - internal battery only || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R3 2300U R5 2500U R7 2700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|m.2 nvme optional 1 2.5in sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Vega 3, 8 or 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with CX11852 codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111GUS}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in or 15.6in 768p or 1080p - USB-C 20V 2.25A 3.25A avoid knocking charging port as damages easily - 2 ddr4 sodimm slot max 2400Mhz 32GB - TPM 2.0 software - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad A285 - internal and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen PRO 3 2200U 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|m.2 nvme/sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with ALC ALC3287 codec aka ALC257 }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Mini-Ethernet/Docking}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm - WLAN whitelist no more??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 12.5in 1080p - avoid usb-c port being lifted/moved whilst in use as damages laptop easily - soldered ram 8gb or 16gb  - WWAN whitelist - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad A485 bios setting [https://github.com/PSPReverse/PSPTool AMD PSP Platform Security Processor Key] - internal and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen PRO 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata port and m.2 nvme port || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with ALC ALC3287 codec aka ALC 257 }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111GUL}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi - WLAN whitelist no more??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in 768p, 1080p or 1440p - avoid usb-c port being lifted/moved whilst in use as damages laptop easily - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 32gb - WWAN whitelist - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.diy-laptoprepair.com/forum/fix-Lenovo-V155-15-repair-guide-schematics.php Lenovo v155-15api 81V5] V155 (15&quot; AMD) budget all plastic build - MS new protocol, HID over I2C so [https://askubuntu.com/questions/1033033/elantech-touchpad-does-not-work-i2c-hid i2c] [https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/drivers/input/mouse/elantech.c?h=v6.17 i2c] [https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v4.16/input/devices/elantech.html PS2 hybrid trackpad] [https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/sys/dev/atkbdc/psm.c?h=releng/14.3 elantech] [https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/sys/dev/pckbc/?only_with_tag=OPENBSD_7_8_BASE i2c-hid] 04F3:3140 touchpad not working - internal sunwoda battery L18D3PF1, L18L3PF1, L18C3PF2 35Whr most dead after 5 years || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' Ryzen 5 3500U and Ryzen 3 3200U - '''untested''' AMD Athlon 300U with bios winbond 25q64fwsiq soic 1.8v bios near nvme || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 M.2 nvme and usually 2.5in 7mm sata - install on mbr not gpt 2.5in in another compatible machine - mini sata dvd/cd da-8aesh11b will boot cd or dvd aros || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D to 1080p work for Vega 3 or 8 with up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken but hdmi 1.4b no output}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio add 0x1022, 0x15E3 with ALC3287 aka Realtek ALC257 codec 0x10ec, 0x0257 with 32bit on external speaker and most of the time works on 64bit}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|2 USB3.0 usb-a, on left hand side, detected but not working}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 RTL8111GUS works well with 32bit and 64bit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Intel wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 AROS One 2.8 DVD 32bit and AROS One x64 1.1 and 1.2 iso DVD burnt but not USB boot || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6in 768p or 1080p 200nits tn panel - 4Gb ddr4 2400MHz soldered with 1 dimm slot max 20Gb - round ac 20V 65W psu 4.0mm x 1.7mm - Fn+F2 to enter bios and F12 boot order - no sd card slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V15-ADA 82C700E4UK- elan touchpad not working - internal battery 34whr L16M2PB2 l16l2pb3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD r5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD + 1x M.2 SSD NVMe near fan, no cd dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3, 8 with up to 1080p with 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio 6.36 0x1022, 0x15E3 with R155189 ALC236 codec 0x10ec, 0x0236 on 32bit and on 64bit}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3 USB3, on left hand side,}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 3500U with Aros One 32bit 2.8 installed to 2.5in drive on another machine and same for 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 768p on low spec machines to 1080p - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - sd card slot - noisy fan - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V15-ADA 82C7 - elan touchpad not working - internal battery 34whr L16M2PB2 l16l2pb3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Silver 3020e, Ryzen 3 3050U, 3150U, 3250U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD + 1x M.2 SSD NVme near fan, no cd dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3, 8 with up to 1080p with 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio 6.36 0x1022, 0x15E3 with RTS5119 R155119 ALC230 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3 USB3.0, on left hand side,}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 Aros One 32bit 2.8 and 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 768p on low spec machines to 1080p - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - sd card slot - for this mbd bios ram disable doesn't work - noisy fan - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V14-ADA 82C6, - elan touchpad not working - if blank black display, bios bug going from uefi-&gt;legacy so reset bios rhs push in with pin, then Down, ent, Right x3, ent, up, ent, right, ent x2 - internal battery 34whr L16M2PB2 l16l2pb3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' 3250U - '''untested''' AMD Athlon Silver 3020e, Ryzen 3 3050U, 3150U - for this mbd GV451&amp;GV551 NM-D151 bios ram disable doesn't work || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD if cbl + 1x M.2 SSD NVMe near fan, no cd dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3 up to 1080p with 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio 6.36 0x1022, 0x15E3 with Realtek ALC3223 RTS5119 R185199 aka ALC230 codec 0x10ec, 0x0230 on 32bit and on 64bit}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3 USB3, on left hand side,}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 AMD 3250U with Aros One 32bit 2.8 installed to 2.5in drive on another machine and same for 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 768p on low spec machines to 1080p - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - sd card slot - F2 bios F12 select - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad 1 14ADA5 (low spec cpus) ideaPad 3 14ADA05, IdeaPad 3 15ADA05 81W100QVUK, IdeaPad 3 17ADA05 - elan touchpad not working - internal battery 34whr L16M2PB2 l16l2pb3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Silver 3020e, Ryzen 3 3050U, 3150U, 3250U, Ryzen 5 3500U on mobo NM-C821 REV 0.2 1.0 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD if cbl + 1x M.2 SSD NVMe near fan, no cd dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3, 8 up to 1080p with 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio 6.36 0x1022, 0x15E3 with ALC230 codec 0x10ec, 0x0230 on 32bit and on 64bit}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3 USB3, on left hand side,}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 Aros One 32bit 2.8 installed to 2.5in drive on another machine and same for 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 768p on low spec machines to 1080p - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - sd card slot - F2 bios F12 boot select - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo IdeaPad L340-15API 81LW001CUS L340-17API - elan trackpad not functioning - internal battery L18M3PF2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon 300U, Ryzen 3 3200U r5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 M.2 nvme and usually 2.5in sata if ribbon cable present - mini sata dvd/cd da-8aesh11b || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3 or 8 with up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken - hdmi 1.4b}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio add 0x1022, 0x15E3 with Realtek ALC236 0x10ec, 0x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 not detected}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111GUS}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Intel wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.8 USB - install on mbr not gpt 2.5in in another compatible machine || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6in 768p or 1080p 200nits - 4Gb ddr4 2400MHz soldered with 1 dimm slot max 20Gb - round ac 20V 65W psu 4.0mm x 1.7mm - Return or F1 to enter bios and F12 boot order - no sd card slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.laptop-schematics.com/db/78/T%20series%20laptops%20(ThinkPad)/ ThinkPad T295 T495] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3300U, R5 Pro 3500U or R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe up to 2280 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6, 8 or 10 up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111EPV}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE or Intel AC 9260}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14in 768p but mostly FHD 1080p 250 nits - internal battery - ram 8gb or 16gb 2400Mhz soldered with 1 ddr4 slot on T495 only - TPM 2.0 - usb-c charging avoid knock whilst in use - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T495s (14in) X395 (13in) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3300U, R5 Pro 3500U or R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe up to 2280 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6, 8 or 10 up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk| needs Lenovo ThinkPad Ethernet Adapter Gen 2 SC10P42352 or SC10P42354}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE or Intel AC 9260 wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 13in or 14in 768p but mostly FHD 1080p 250 nits - internal battery - ram 8gb or 16gb 2400Mhz soldered - TPM 2.0 - usb-c charging avoid knock whilst in use - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E14 Gen2, E15 Gen 2 (AMD) 20T8,  - lenovo has a mobile phone PC Diagnostic App for error/beep codes || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 4300U, 5 4500U, 7 4700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 m.2 nvme, 1 2242 and 1 2280 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD Radeon up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with ALC ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111GUS}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 15.6in 1080p 220 nits - TPM 2.0 - usb-c charging of internal 45Whr battery - 4gb ddr4 3200Mhz soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 20Gb - keyboard swap problematic - plastic bendy case - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad T14 Gen 1, ThinkPad P14s Gen 1 (AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 4300u, 5 4500U, Ryzen 5 Pro 4650U, Ryzen 7 Pro 4750U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 0x10EC, 0x0257}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111EPV (DASH models) or RTL8111HN}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - USB-C charging avoid moving whilst in use - 14&quot; or 15&quot; 1080p - keyboard swap problematic - 8gb or 16gb 3200MHz soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - sd card slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad L14 Gen 1, L15 Gen 1, || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 4300u, 5 4500U, Ryzen 5 Pro 4650U, Ryzen 7 Pro 4750U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 0x10EC, 0x0257}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle RTL8111EPV (DASH models) or RTL8111HN}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - USB-C charger avoid moving whilst in use - 14&quot; or 15&quot; 1080p - keyboard swap problematic - 8gb or 16gb 3200MHz soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - sd card slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad X13 Gen1 AMD,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 4450U, 5 4650U or 7 4750U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;One drive, up to 512GB M.2 2242 SSD or 1TB M.2 2280 SSD NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA Radeon up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| but USB-C ports can fail}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8111EPV, mini RJ-45 to RJ-45 via optional ThinkPad Ethernet Extension Adapter Gen 2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek Wi-Fi 6 RTL8852AE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 13.3&quot; HD 1366x768 to 1080p - USB-C port care needed as damages easily - Memory soldered to systemboard, no slots, dual-channel DDR4-3200 - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkBook 14 G2, 15 G2 Are || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 4500u, 7 4700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;14in has 2 m.2 nvme but 15in has 1 nvme and might have 2.5in sata metal caddy if smaller battery version || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d for AMD Radeon up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC???? codec 0x10EC, 0x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14in or 15in 1080p - usb-c charging but high failure rate on the charging port - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot 3200mhz - hinge(s) issues - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad 5 14ARE05 (81YM), Ideapad 5 15ARE05 (), IdeaPad 3 17ARE05 (model 81W5) - elan touchpad MSFT0004:00 06CB:CD98 not working || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' 4500u - '''untested''' AMD 3 4300U (4c4t), 4600U (6c12t), 7 4700u (8c16t) on AMD Promontory Bixby FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1x M.2 2242 slot and 1x M.2 2280 NVMe which will take sata m.2 will boot to grub then laptop reset after choice}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 6 via hdmi output up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 6.36 0x1637 0x15e3 with Realtek ALC3287 aka ALC257 codec 0x10ec 0x0257}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 or 3.2 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel ax200 wifi 6}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;4500u with AROS One 64bit 1.2 usb installed to m.2 sata on another machine || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 14inch 768p or 1080p - round lenovo ac - 4gb, 8gb, or 16gb ddr4 3200Mhz ram soldered with 1 slot - keyboard swap problematic - integrated battery  - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad Flex 5 81X2, Lenovo Yoga 6 13ALC6 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD R5 4500u, R7 4800U, R3 5300 R5 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with ALC? codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|realtek ac wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit abs plastic case 14in convertible 1080p touch low nits - 65w usb-c psu ac - possible wacom esr note taking pen supplied - ram soldered DDR4 - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14 Gen 2, P14s Gen 2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with ALC3287-CG codec 0x10EC, 0x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 - usb-c power 90% failure rate on the charging port - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkBook 14 G3, 15 G3 ACL, || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 14in or 15in 1080p - usb-c charging powered - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E14 G3, E15 Gen 3 (AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 5300U 5500U 5650U 5700U 5800U  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;up to 2 m.2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111GUS}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|realtek or intel }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - - usb-c charging issues - keyboard swap problematic - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 3200Mhz sodimm slot - plastic bendy case -  
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V14 Gen 2 (82KA, 82KC)
*ALO 
*ALC 82KD
 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 5300U, 5 5500U, 7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme 2280 and optional 2.5in sata after sourcing ribbon cable and connector, no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 15.6&quot; FHD 1080p - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 65w round ac adaptor - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V15 G2 Gen2 (82KB, 82KD)
*ALO 
*ALC 82KD
 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 5300U, 5 5500U, 7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme 2280 and optional 2.5in sata after sourcing ribbon cable and connector, no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 15.6&quot; FHD 1080p - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 65w round ac adaptor - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad L15 Gen 2 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 5000 series AMD Ryzen 3 5400U (4c8t), 5 5600U, 5 5650U (6c12t), 7 PRO 5850U (8c16t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle RTL8111EPV (DASH models) or RTL8111HN}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 15.6in 768p or 1080p - usb-c charging - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr4 3200Mhz sodimm slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E14 Gen 4, E15 Gen 4 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 3 5425u, 5 5625U, 7 5825u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 (14&quot;) or 2 (15&quot;) nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - usb-c charging - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 3200Mhz sodimm slot - L19M3PDA 45Whr battery - U24 TPS65994 and QB6 QB5 mosfet issues - plastic bendy case - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14 Gen 3 Machine types MT 21AH 21AJ 21CF and 21CG, P14s Gen 3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 6850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| ALC3287-VA2-CG codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 14in 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14s Gen 3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 6500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| ALC3287-VA2-CG codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Ethernet support via optional Lenovo® USB-C® to Ethernet Adapter}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 14in 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V14 G3, V15 G3 Gen3 ALC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 6500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme and optional 2.5in sata if smaller 38Wh battery and after sourcing ribbon cable and connector, no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 15&quot;FHD - battery BYD L20B2PFO - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad L15 Gen 3 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 6000 series || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit- 15.6in 1080p - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Yoga 7 14ARB7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5, 6600U, 7 6800U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 660M or 680M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with ALC3306 aka alc287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 14in 1800p ips 300 nits - usb-c ac charging 71whr integrated battery - sd card slot - digital pen input - 8gb, 6gb or 32gb soldered ddr5 ram - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14 Gen 4, P14s Gen 4 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen Pro 5 7540U, Ryzen Pro 7 7840U (AI NPU) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD 740M 780M|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 14in 1920x1200 - 8gb, 16gb or 32gb lpddr5 soldered - usb-c charging - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E14 g5, E15 Gen 5 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7000 series Ryzen 5-7530U, 7-7730U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit- 15.6in 1080p - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkbook 14 G6 ABP IRL, ThinkBook 16 G6ABP (21KK001CUK) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 7530U 7730U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 untested}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 14in 1200p or 1440p - 100W USB-C AC power adapter - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad Slim 5 Light 14ABR8 Laptop || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 7330U (4c8t) 5 7530U (6c12t) 7 7730U (8c16t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 m.2 nvme slot - 1 2242, 1 2280 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 14in 1080p - 8Gb or 16Gb soldered ram - usb-c charging only - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad X13 Gen 4 (13&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7480U 7040U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 - avoid usb-c port damage - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad L14 (Gen4), L15 Gen 4 (15&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;MD Ryzen 5 PRO 7530U, 7480U 7040U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - elan trackpad - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Gen 4 V14 (82YT, 82YV, 83A0, 83A1, 83CC, 83FR, 82YX, 83FG), V15 (82YU, 82YW, 83FS, 82YY, 83CR), V17 (83A2),  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD AMD Athlon™ Gold 7220U (2c4t), AMD Athlon™ Silver 7120U (2c2t), AMD Ryzen™ 3 7320U (4c8t), AMD Ryzen™ 5 7520U (4c8t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme and 2.5in sata if smaller 38Wh battery, no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD 610M HDMI® and USB-C}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio  with ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Gigabit Ethernet, 1x RJ-45}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|wifi 6}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 15.6&quot; FHD 1080p - 8 or 16Gb soldered - 65W round tip (3-pin) AC adapter or USB-C - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad e14 G6, e15 Gen 6 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7000 series AMD Ryzen™ 7 7735HS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit- 15.6in 1080p - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad L16 (16&quot; AMD),  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 8000 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB4}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14 Gen 5, P14s Gen 5 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 8840U, AMD Ryzen™ 5 PRO 8540U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVME || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 14inch 1920 x 1200 - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt; Lenovo WinBook 300e SKU: 82GKS00000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 3015E  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit 4GB 64GB SSD 11.6 Inch Touchscreen Windows 10 Pro Laptop 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Yoga Slim 7a || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen AI 7350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 860M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with ALC3306 aka alc287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 14in 1800p ips 300 nits - usb-c ac charging 71whr integrated battery - sd card slot - digital pen input - 8gb, 6gb or 32gb soldered ddr5 ram - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Samsung====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-Q1 Q1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron-M 353 ULV 600Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1.8&quot; SFF HDD 20 / 60 GB }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D opengl1 tunnel 95 gearbox 68}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec - head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Yes|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit old style tablet UltraMobile PC UMPC - Wacom serial resistive pen or finger no support - 1 sodimm ddr2 max 1Gb - LCD 7&quot; WVGA (800 x 480) - CompactFlash port Type II - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP Q1U Ultra Mobile PC UMPC Q1F NP-Q1-F000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel A100 600 / A110 Stealey 800 MHz CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D and 3D opengl1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio 1986}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 1024×600 - sd card slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP P500 family P500Y || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Ati x1250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| Audio with  codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8039 yukon}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit possible - 15.4 tft display - cheap plastic okay build - 19v propriety end - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R505 R510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R520 R522 R610H R620 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Mobile Core i3 Intel PM45 82801M ICH9-M|| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4650 (RV730)  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC272  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell Yukon 88E8057 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR5007EG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit possible 
|-
| NP-R530 ||  || {{N/A}} || {{partial|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Marvell}} || {{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung R730 17.3 Essential Notebook NP-R730-JA02UK, NP-R730-JA01SE, R730-JT06 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM55 Dual Core T4300 i3-370M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for Intel 4500MHD and GeForce G 310M with 1 VGA, 1 HDMI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio ALC??? codec Realtek}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell Yukon 88E8059 PCI-E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Broadcom, Intel or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods ISO 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit - 17.3in HD 1280 x 720 pixels low contrast or some 1600x900 - 2 DDR3 sodimm slots - 2.84 kg 6.26 lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Samsung-305U1A-A01DE-Subnotebook.68246.0.html Series 3 Samsung 305u1a] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Zacate E350 or E450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC ACL 269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4313 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-RV415 NP-RV515 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 or E450 plus A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 6470 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|RTL8169 Realtek RTL8111 8168B}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series 5 NP535U3C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4455M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow - 13.3in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;series 3 NP355V5C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4400M, A8-4500M, A10-4600M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;7640M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 15.4in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung ATIV Book 9 Lite NP905S3G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-1450 quad 1GHz Temash atom like || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;128gb || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8250 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek rtl8169 but only with mini LAN AA-AE2N12B Ethernet Adapter RJ45 dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 13.3 TN glossy 1366 x 768 200nits 60% srgb - plastic case - 26W battery built in with 4hr life - 19V 2.1A 3.0*1.0mm psu - 1 ddr3l slot max 4gb - 720p webcam - mini hdmi out - 1w speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Toshiba====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of Build Quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Equium 
Satellite (Pro) 
Libretto 
Portege
Tecra
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Tecra 8100 8200 9000 || 440BX || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Savage MX 3D (VESA only)}} || {{no|Yamaha DS-XG ymf744 ymf-754}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{N/A}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.5 || little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra 9100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;810 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|S3 Savage IX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ymf754}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;eeee pro100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PSU Adapter For Toshiba Tecra 9000 9100 A1 A10 A11 A3 A3X A4 A5 A7 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M7 M9 R10 S1 series 75 Watt 15V 5A
|-
| [http://tuxmobil.org/toshiba_sp4600.html Satellite Pro 4600] || i810 || IDE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Trident Cyber Blade XP (VESA only)}} || {{no|YAMAHA DS-XG AC97 ymf754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel e100}} || {{no|Agere (internal PCMCIA)}} || || little support 
|-
| Satellite 2805 S603 || Intel 815 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|nVidia GeForce2 Go}} || {{no|Yamaha Corp YMF 754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100}} || {{dunno}} || || little support
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A10 S167 S1291 - A15 A20 A25 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GM or Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 2100, Agere or Atheros PA3399U 1MPC minipci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a few models came with antenna leads 
|-
| Satellite [http://eu.computers.toshiba-europe.com/innovation/jsp/SUPPORTSECTION/discontinuedProductPage.do?service=EU&amp;com.broadvision.session.new=Yes&amp;PRODUCT_ID=76230 A30-714] || P4-M / 82845 i845 || {{yes|82801}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|RTL8139}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || nice laptop, drawbacks: heavy, really hot (P4-3.06 GHz!!) - A30 (EU) A33 (Australian) A35 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A40 A45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - A40 S161 A40-S1611 A40-2701, A45-S120 A45-S1201 S130 S1301 S1501  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a50 A55 a60-s156 Equium A60 PSA67E A65 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A70 A75-S206 A80 A85-S107 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron-M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| Toshiba Satellite Pro M30 || intel 855 || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma option}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100 VE}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.5 || nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Portege M300 - M200 tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855GM with 1.2GHz Pentium M 753 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d only - tablet with nvidia 5200 go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra M2 M2-S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855P Pentium-M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nvidia fx go5200 32mb or 64mb agp || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Pro || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - PSU 15V 5A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L20 267 (PSL2YE PSL2XE) PSL25E L30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 370 1.4 1.5GHz, 1.73Ghz with RC410M SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati x200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|[https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-490297-start-0.html ALC861]}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Boots usb sticks}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8139 Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros mini-pci should work maybe not working with ATi chipset or need to swap??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 14&quot; pioneer dvd-rw - 19v 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L30 PSL30E L33 PSL33E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 or ATi RC410 x200 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 AD1981B or HD Audio ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;L30 PSL30L 101 PSL33E 113 115 134 00M019 - 
|-
| Satellite Pro M40 313 psm44e || AMD with Ati || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|}} || {{maybe|atheros askey ar5bmb5 mini pci}} || || 2005 32bit - nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L40 PSL40E PSL40L, PSL43E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with  U7700 1.3GHz ULV || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only -  - 12X 13G 139 14B 143 15J 19O  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L45 PSL40U S7409 S2416 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with Celeron M 440 1.86 GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia G72M Quadro NVS 110M GeForce Go 7300 / Ati (PSAA3E)|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC861 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A110 159 (PSAB0), Equium A110 (PSAB2E), Satellite A110 233 (PSAB6),  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8136 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 PSAC0 PSAC1 PSAC1E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo GMA 950 to T2300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 or AC97 AD1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt;UHCI EHCI  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros Ar5001 or Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15V 4A charger - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo ATi RS480 + SB450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - ATI RC410 Radeon Xpress 200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OCHI UHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Atheros Ar5001 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15v 5a proprietary charger needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite A130 PSAD6U || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;ST1311 s1311 ST1312 S2276 S2386  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A135 S2686 (Compal LA 3391P) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;S2246 S2346 S2256 S4477 S4666 S4827  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A200 PSAE1E (Inventec MW10M) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M with 945GM Express Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz or Pentium® Core Duo T2130 1.86 GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio ALC862}}|| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8101E rtl8139}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000 - FN,F5 or FN,F8 or switch}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Excellent 32 bit support! - make sure that your WLAN card is enabled, do this using the hardware switch and FN+F8 key combination 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; A210, Satellite A215 AMD (Inventec 10A) S5808 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati with SB690 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA HD2600 Mobility M76}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC268 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2018 AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;A215-S7422 A215-S7472 A215-S4697 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=62036 A215 S4757] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati X1200 with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Qosmio G30 (PQG31C-HD202E) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 with Duo T2500 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Nouveau Nvidia Go 7600 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - 17&quot; UXGA 1920x1200, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra A10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|Intel GMA 4500M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel WiFi Link 5100}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64 bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L35 - L40 PSL48E - L45 S7423 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GL960 with Intel Celeron || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|X3100 some 2D but software 3d tunnel 9 gearbox 4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC660 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|REALTEK 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8187b replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1,73Ghz  M 520 or M 540 or Dual T2310 (1.46 GHz)  T2330 (1.6 GHz) - 14H 14N 15B 17H 17K 17R 17S 18Z - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a300 - inventec potomac 10s pt10s A300D 21H || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 3650 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio - Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite L300D-224 PSLC8E PSLC9E, l305 (inventec ps10s) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD M780 with Turion RM70 or QL-64 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Radeon 3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC268}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros G XB63L or Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros Desktop Live 2.3 AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Wireless-handler crashing when using Atheros-Wireless-Card
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite P300 (PSPC0C-01D01C) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with Intel Core 2 Duo T5750 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| swap with Atheros 5k }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l300-1bw PSLBDE-005005AR, L300-148 PSLB0E, l300-20D PSLB8E-06Q007EN, l300-294 L300-23L PSLB9E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel GM45 + PGA478 socket Celeron 900, Pentium T1600, T2390, T3400 (Socket P) to Core2 Duo T6400 T6670 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{unk|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{unk|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Intel gma 4500M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC???}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{unk|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{unk|rtl8169 Realtek 810xE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64-bit  - new unfamiliar Bios called insyde H20 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l350d || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon (tm) X2 QL-60 + RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8187b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L450 12 13 14 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron, 2.1GHz with AMD RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3200 (based on HD 2400) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8172 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 12X 13P 13X 14V PSLY6E00C006EN 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L450 (Compal LA-5821P) 179 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel celeron 900 2.20 Ghz no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 4500m || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101 /2 /6E PCI Express Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RTL8191 SEvB || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 39.6cm (15.6”) Toshiba TruBrite® HD TFT 16:9 768p 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Toshiba Satellite P775, P775-S7320 and P775-10K || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i5 (2nd Gen) 2430M i7-2630QM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2D for Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 17.3&quot; - 1600 x 900 (HD+) - 2 DDR3 sodimm max 16Gb - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Toshiba Satellite C660D-19X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D for ATi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio with Realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|r8169 rtl8101e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8188 8192ce rtl8192ce}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L755D (E-350) L750D (E-450) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E350 E450 no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6310 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro SP C640 C660D-15X (PSC1YE) C670D- () || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E350  no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6310G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Realtek ALC259 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;C70D-A C75D-A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1-1200 no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|AMD HD8330}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HA Audio CX20751 11Z}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8162 alx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8188e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
|}

====Misc====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Time 500 Packard Bell EasyOne 1450 1550 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-3 500Mhz + VIA MVP4 vt82c686a || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|Issues}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 3058 with wolfson  codec WM9703 WM9704 WM9707 WM9708 or WM9717}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 3038 2 ports USB 1.1 untested || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit grub runs but stalls around [PCI] Everything OK 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX201/FX202 FX210/FX215 FX401/FX402 FX404/FX405 972M, FX501/FX502 FX504/FX505 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA KT133A KM133 Duron 800Mhz Athlon 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{partial|boot issue with 2013 kernel VIA [rev 06]}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage Mobility Pro (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|VIA AC97 686b [rev 50] AD1881A Ear phone and Mic}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|issues}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Nightly 1st March 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;booting usb pendrive from Plop Boot Loader floppy (no bios USB boot). Can freeze coz hardware issue or a ram slot problem - no support for iLink firewire VT8363/8365 pci - vt82c686b 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX601/FX602, FX604/FX605 FXA53(US), FX701/FX702, FX704/FX705, FX801/FX802 FX804/FX805 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA KT133A KM133 Duron 800Mhz Athlon 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{partial|boot issue with 2013 kernel VIA [rev 06]}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage Mobility Pro (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|VIA AC97 686b [rev 50] AD1881A Ear phone and Mic}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|issues}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Nightly 1st March 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;booting usb pendrive somes works
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX100 R505LE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i815 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA Intel 82815 CGC || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel ICH AC97 with ADI AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PCG-FX105 FX105K PCG-FX108 FX108K PCG-FX109 FX109K FX200 FX203/FX203K FX205 FX205K FX209 FX209K FX220 [http://juljas.net/linux/vaiofx240/ FX240] FX250 FX270 FX290 FX301 FX302 FX340 FX370 FX390 FX403 FX503 FX950
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Sony VAIO VGN X505VP || Pentium M ULV and Intel 855GM || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Intel 855 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{N/A}} || || 2004 32bit - 0.38 inches at its thinnest point - first laptop to feature a &quot;chiclet&quot; keyboard resemble Chiclets gum - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Z505LE Z505JE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Rage Mobility M1 AGP mach64 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;no Yamaha DS-XG PCI YMF744 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 8255x based PCI e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-18 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma for i915}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SigmaTel}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel swap for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' D02 test || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-29 CF-30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SigmaTel || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139C || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Microstar PR210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi RS690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio through speaker / head phones but not hdmi}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8111 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR242x AR542x aw-ge780 mini pci-e || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - ENE PCI based SD card with no bios boot option 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advent 7106 EAA-88 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.7GHz with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D tunnel 187 gearbox 67}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 Intel ICH6 with Conexant Cx20468 31 codec playback head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG Fn/F2 replaced with atheros mini pci in small base panel - startup errors in wireless manager}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; cheap rubbish sadly - fan noise through audio channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Motion Computing LE1600 PC Slate || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 SigmaTel STAC9758 9759  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 serial Wacom digitiser not usb
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-51 CF-P1 CF-T5 CF-Y2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio VGN-AR11S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ntel Core Duo T2500 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes| Nvidia Go 7600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 32bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - 17&quot; 1920x1200 - blu-ray - 
|-
| Sony Vaio VGN SR29VN || Intel ICH9 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy}} || {{partial|ATI HD 3400 (VESA only)}} || {{partial|HD Audio (too quiet)}} || {{yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 8040}} || {{no|Intel 5100}} || Icaros 1.5 || 2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse XM Class DELL WYSE Xn0m LAPTOP || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD T-G56N 1.6 1.65Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;decased 2.5in ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only AMD 6320}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|EHCI 2.0 with NEC uPD720200 USB 3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek rtl8169 8111E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 93xx}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 1366 x 768 14&quot; - 2 ddr3l slots max 16gb - 19v coax barrel plug psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Ge40 Ge60 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 860M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Killer}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GE62 2QF Apache Pro || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 5  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 970M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Killer }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GS65 Stealth || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i7-8750H and later i7-9750H || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce GTX 1060 or 1070 Max Q, GTX 1660 Ti, RTX 2080 Max-Q || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|US3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte P35X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 980M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughpad FZ-G1 MK2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core i5-3437U, 1.9GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ToughPad FZ-G1 Mk3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i5-4310U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 4400 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio Codec ALC255 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://wiki.recessim.com/view/Panasonic_Toughpad_FZ-G1_MK4 Panasonic Toughpad FZ-G1 MK4] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel 6300U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 520 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC256 codec - o/c or s/c fails early || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 but options on the right hand side of screen case}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|intel ac 8260}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 10.1in 1600x1200 - 4gb ddr3l soldered - waterproof pen left hand side base - optional slot-in 4g lte and sdhc - 16v 4.06A 64.96W panasonic barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughpad FZ-G1 MK5 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel i5-7300U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 620 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC295 codec - o/c or s/c fails early || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 but optional usb2 plugin r.h.s. of screen casing}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 8gb ddr3l soldered - 10.1&quot; WUXGA 1920 x 1200 with LED backlighting  screen 2-800 nit - 10-point capacitive multi touch + Waterproof Digitizer pen l.h.s - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ToughPad FZ-M1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® Core TM m5-6Y57 vPro TM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 4200 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 7in 800p - 8gb ddr3l soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Any Razor Razer laptops || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;AVOID unable to remove secure boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Netbook=== 

[[#top|...to the top]]

* PC to write Aros image onto an USB pendrive with Raspberry PI writer, USB writer or Rufus for boot purposes on a netbook 
* SD card sometimes can boot like Dell 2100,  EeePC 1001P, ASUS EeePC 900, acer aspire one d150, MSI Wind U100, 


====Acer Packard Bell Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Aspire One AOA110 (A110) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D and 3D) tunnel 99 and gearbox 84 score}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{Yes|rtl8169 RTL8101E}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || 2016 AspireOS 1.8, 2025 Aros One 2.6 32bit USB || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel A13-045N2A 19V2.37A 45W 5.5x1.7mm - 
|-
| Aspire One AOA150 (A150) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and accelerated 3D with tunnel 99 and gearbox 84.1 result}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{Yes|rtl8169 RTL8101E}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || 2016 AspireOS 1.8, 2025 aros one 2.6 32bit USB || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD150 D150 (Compal LA-4781P), AOD110 D110 (ssd) || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HDAudio with alc272}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 l1e}} || {{Maybe|AR5007EG AR5BXB63 works but Broadcom BCM4312 has no support}} || 2010 Icaros Desktop 1.3, 2024 Aros one 32bit USB || 2008 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One (ZG8) || Intel 945G and N270 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and accelerated 3D}} || {{maybe|HD Audio }} || {{Yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{No|Broadcom }} || {{no|Intel}} || 2014 AspireOS 1.8 || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD250 D250 emachines em250 || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|alc272 HD Audio}}  || {{Yes}} || {{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{No|BCM4312 or Atheros AR5B95}} || 2010 Icaros 1.3 || 2009 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire AO532H (Compal LA-5651p) 533H Pineview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k}} || [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=5968 Tested AspireOS June 2011] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM350 NAV51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with N450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with   codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Single core 64bit - 160GB HDD 1GB RAM 10.1&quot; LED backlit screen and  Webcam - 3 cell li-ion battery for 3 hours usage - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM355 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit support possible - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One 533 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D 0x8086 0xa011}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ALC272 codec ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v1.1 1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 and AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - f2 setup - 10.1inch 1024 x 768 - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD255 AOD255e AOD260 AOHAPPY (Compal LA-6221P) || N570 and Nm10 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|SATA}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 3150}} || Audio || USB || {{No|Atheros AR8152 V1.1 (1lc)}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || || a little support 
|-
| Aspire One 522 AO522 (Compal LA-7072p) || 1GHz dual C-50 C50 or C-60 C60 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (ATI 9804) or 6290 || ATI SB CX20584 HD Audio || USB || Atheros 8152 v2.0 l1c || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros ath9k}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AAOD270 Aspire One D270 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 Cedarview || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D on Intel GMA 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169 RTL8101E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 but swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit atom - ddr2 so-dimm 2gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO532G (Compal LA-6091p) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One D257 (Quanta ZE6) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire One 722 AO722 P1VE6 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C-60 C60 with SB900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| use VESA Ati 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec but no Wrestler HDMI output}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros AR8152 v2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO721 (Wistron SJV10-NL) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AO751 AO751H (Quanta ZA3) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC272X || &lt;!--USB--&gt; USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Atheros l1e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .SE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC|| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S2 NAV50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel X3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot M/A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.2GHz Athlon L110 + RS690E || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy mode? || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD ATI Radeon Xpress X1270 (VESA only) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ATI SBx00 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 700 701 2G 4G 8G Surf || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 2D and 3D tunnel 68 gearbox 43 on 701 800x480}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Yes|Atheros 5k AR5007EG (AR2425 works}} || 2016 Icaros 2.1.1, 2.1.2, Aros One 2.5 32bit USB, || 2007 32bit - power supplies fail due to bad caps issue 9.5V 2.5A 24W Charger AD59930 4.8*1.7MM - 
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 701SD || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{No|RTL8187SE swap with Atheros 5k}} || 2014 AspireOS 1.7,  || 2007 32bit - boot issues but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll 
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 900 || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D, 3D in some models)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Maybe|depends on chipset AR5007EG (AR2425) works but not RaLink}} || 2014 AspireOS 1.7,  || 2008 32bit - boot issues but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll. 900's may need BIOS upgrade to boot usb optical drives. 3D available in some model revisions - AD59230 9.5v 2.31a psu - 
|-
| eeePC 900A || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (3D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Atheros L1e [1969 1026]}} || {{Yes|Atheros 5k AR242x}} || Nightly Build 2012, 2023 Aros One 32bit 2.4 || 2009 32bit 
|-
| eeePC 901 1000 || 945GM || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros L1E (AR8121 AR8113 AR8114)}} || {{No|RaLink Device 2860 swap with Atheros 5k}} || 2011 Icaros 1.4,  || 2009 32bit -  12v 3a psu - 
|-
| eeePC Seashell 1000HA 1000HE 1008 1005HA || N280 + Intel GMA950 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{Maybe|Realtek but not Atheros AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || 2014 Aspire OS 1.6,  || 2010 32bit -  12v 3a psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eeePC 1001ha || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Attansic Atheros AR8132 l1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT3090 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 32bit  
|-
| eeePC 1001P T101MT 1005PX 1005PE 1015PE Pineview 1001PXD || NM10 and N450 N455 CPU || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || {{No|Atheros AR8132 (l1c)}} || {{unk|Atheros AR928x 802.11n}} || 2010 Icaros 1.3.3,  || 2011 64bit - 19V 2.1A 2.3x0.7 - 
|-
| EeePC 1015B 1215B || single C-30 C30 or dual C-50 C50 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{partial|AMD 6250 (VESA only)}} || ATI SBx00 HD Audio || USB || {{No|AR8152 v2.0 atl1c}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 [14e4 4727]}} || untested recently || 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare X101CH Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 6300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare 1025CE 1225CE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2800 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Inspiron 910 Mini 9 PP39S Vostro A90 || GMA945 || {{Maybe|STEC 8G 16G 32G IDE PATA Parallel ATA miniPCIE SSD 50MM / 70MM very slow}} || {{N/A| }} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D opengl1}} || {{yes|ALC268 HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2 boots and works}} || {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8102E}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4310 and 4312 swap with atheros 5k bx32}} || ICAROS 1.3 but Icaros 2.3 (pci issues), AROS One 2.6 and Tiny AROS (digiclock startup) mouse cursor vanishes || 2008 32bit - 9inch 1024x600 screen - 1 ddr2 sodimm slot max 2gig - 19v 1.58a - 0 boot disk select - cr2032 battery under laptop base cover, while mem 2GB max under base flap - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron Mini 10 1010 PP19S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom Z520 Z530 Intel US15W Poulsbo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel GMA 500 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or BCM4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - 10.10 inch 16:9, 1366 x 768 glossy - 28whr or 56wHr battery options - 
|-
| [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport/Machines/Netbooks#Dell%20Mini%2010v%20(Inspiron%201011) Mini 10v 1011] [http://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/Dell/InspironMini10v]|| Intel 950 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ide legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}}  || {{maybe|HDAudio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8102E 8103E}} || {{no|Dell 1397 Wireless}} || untested || 2008 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron Mini 1018 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Atom N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio head phones only - speaker and micro phone do not work}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|RTL8188CE or AR928X}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2011 Icaros 1.5.1,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 1 DDR3 max 2gb - 
|-
| Latitude 2100 || Intel Atom N270 N280 1.60Ghz GMA 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|set to IDE in bios as ahci not working || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D with tunnel 98 and gearbox 84)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC272 codec}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5764M}} || {{No|Intel 5100 or BCM4322 DW 1510 half height mini pcie use small Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 AspireOS 1.8, Icaros 2.1.1 and AROS One USB 2.4 || 2009 32bit ddr2 sodimm max 2G - [https://sites.google.com/site/arosaspireone/about-aspire-one Webcam and card reader not working] lcd cable over hinge an issue - f12 bios and boot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude 2110 2120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N470 1.83Ghz, N455 1.6Ghz, N550 1.5Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|ATA mode in bios not ahci}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 3150 2D only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2014 Icaros 2.3,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - ddr2 sodimm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| HP Mini 2133 || VIA C7-M P4M900 / 8237 VX700 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|VIA Chrome 9 HC (VESA only)}} || {{no|VT1708/A HD Audio}} || USB || {{no|Broadcom Corp NetXtreme BCM5788}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312}} || untested || 2008 32bit - 
|-
| HP mini 1000 Mi 2140 ks145ut || N270 + 945GM || {{N/A}} || SATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and opengl1 3d)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio (playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312 hard blocked}} || untested || 2009 32Bit - unable to change wifi card 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Mini 700 702 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT 92HD75B (111d:7608, only playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom hard locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| Compaq HP Mini 110 110-3112sa || 945GM Express || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio IDT STAC 92xx}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Atheros}} || {{no|Broadcom hard blocked Fn+F12}} || untested || 2009 32bit - unable to change wifi 
|-
| HP Mini 200 210 || 945GM NM10 Express || {{N/A}} || SATA || Intel GMA 950 || {{Maybe|HDAudio with }} || USB || RTL8101E RTL8102E || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard locked}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| HP Mini 311 DM1 (Quanta FP7) || N280 + ION LE || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia Geforce ION || {{maybe|HDAudio with }} || USB || eth || {{No|hard locked}} || untested || 2009 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====Lenovo Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| IdeaPad S9 S9e(3G) S10 S10e(3G) || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{maybe|ALC269 or SigmaTel HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Broadcom NetLink BCM5906M}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| IdeaPad S12 || Intel Atom N270 + Nvidia ION LE MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || {{maybe|ALC269 HD Audio}} || USB || {{no|Broadcom}} || {{no|Intel locked down}} || 2012 Icaros 2.0,  || 2009 32bit - does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| S10-2 || 945GME and N280 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{maybe|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || 2011 Icaros 1.3,  || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| S10-3 || NM410 and N450 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{maybe|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Atheros 9285 or Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || 2011 Icaros 1.3,  || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Samsung Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=616910&amp;topic_id=33755&amp;forum=28#616910 NC10] || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|SigmaTel HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{maybe|rtl8169 works but not Marvell 88E8040 sky2}} || {{yes|AR5007EG}} || 2011 Icaros 1.4,  || 2009 32bit - Nano silver on keyboard and lcd ribbon cable over hinge issues 
|-
| [http://www.sammywiki.com/wiki/Samsung_NC20 NC20] || VIA VX800 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{maybe|VIA Chrome9 (VESA only)}} || ALC272 GR (VT1708A) HD Audio || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{yes|Atheros AR5001}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| NP-N110 NP-N120 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC272 HD Audio or ALC6628}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Realtek rtl8187}} || untested || 2009 32bit - Namuga 1.3M Webcam none
|-
| NP-N130 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{yes|SATA in IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and opengl 1.x 99.5 tunnel 99 gearbox}} || {{yes|Intel HD with ALC272 ALC269 codec playback}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL 8169.device - 8101e 8102e}} || {{no|rtl 8192se rtl8187 too small an area to swap for atheros 5k}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 10.x inch 1024 x 600 - Namuga 1.3M Webcam - front slide power on and f2 setup bios - keyboard 17.7mm Pitch is made with Silver Nano (Anti-Bacterial) tech - small touchpad - 1 ddr2 2rx16 sodimm slot 2G max - 44Wh
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Go NP-N310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 32bit - N280 version changed specs 
|-
| NP-N510 || N270 euro N280 uk + ION MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || HD Audio || USB || Marvell 88E8040 || Realtek 8192E || untested || 2010 32bit - does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| NP-N145 Plus || n450 + NM10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || {{yes|Realtek HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || untested || 2010 some support but often the trackpad does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Axx || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC269 codec A9M22Q2 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| NF210 Pineview || n455 or n550 + N10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA 3150 (needs retesting, VESA works)}} || {{yes|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || Wireless || untested || 2011 64bit - some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NS310 NP-NS310-A03UK || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N570 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use Vesa 2d }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 810xe }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|bcm4313 }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2022 AROS One 2.3,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom N570 or 1.5 GHz Intel Atom N550 dual core processor, 1 DDR3 sodimm slot memory, a 250GB hard drive, and a 10.1 inch, 1024 x 600 pixel 10.1&quot; W7St - 2300mAh short life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Samsung_N150 N150] NB30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;MN10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8040}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285 or Realtek 8192E}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 a little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.kruedewagen.de/wiki/index.php/Samsung_N220 N210 N220] N230 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit no sse4.1 or avx -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Pxx Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000g}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
|}


====Toshiba Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NB100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini NB200 series NB205 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + GSE945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{maybe|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 300 series NB305 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{maybe|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 500 series NB505 NB520 NB550-10v || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8176 RTL 8188CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| [http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Toshiba-NB550D-AMD-Fusion-Netbook.46551.0.html Mini NB550D 10G] 108 (c30) 109 (c50) || C-50 + M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (VESA only) || HD Audio || USB || {{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek 8111e}} || {{maybe|Atheros 9k}} || untested || 2011 64bit Realtek SD card reader 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Misc Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Cammy's A1600 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes}} || {{no|JMC 250/260}} || Wireless || 2010 Icaros 1.2.4,  || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Siemens Amilo Mini Ui 3520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--ACPI--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit -  
|-
| Guillemot Hercules eCafe EC-900 H60G-IA], Mitac MiStation and Pioneer Computers Dreambook Light U11 IL1 || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RAlink RT2860}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E2 24 48 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;IDE legacy mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pineview Intel (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros l1c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| MSI Wind U90/U100 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio ALC888s (playback only?)}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RaLink RT2860 RT2700E or rtl8187se (u100x)}} || 2011 Icaros 1.3,  || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| Advent 4211 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || Intel GMA950 (2D) || ALC HD Audio || USB || rtl8169 || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || untested || 2009 32bit - MSI U100 clone
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit MSI U100 clone 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Vaio VGN-P11Z
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Partial|Intel (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{unk|Atheros AR928X}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2012 Icaros 2.0.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit Rarely boots!
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony VPC-W11S1E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 with 945GSE
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8132}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - 10.1&quot; 1366 x 768 glossy - 3hr battery life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Archos 10 Netbook || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom with ICH7 NM10 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{No }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Wind U135 DX MS-N014 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only accelerated}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ALC662 rev 1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR 9K}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2015 Icaros 2.1,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - needs noacpi notls added to grub boot line to start up 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

===Desktop Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
| &lt;!--OK--&gt;{{Yes|'''Works well'''}} || &lt;!--May work--&gt;{{Maybe|'''Works a little'''}} || &lt;!--Not working--&gt;{{No|'''Does not work'''}} || &lt;!--Not applicable--&gt;{{N/A|'''N/A not applicable'''}}
|-
|}


====Acer====
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.acer.com/ac/en/ID/content/support-product/486;-; Veriton X270 VTX270] Intel Core 2 Duo ED7400C or Pentium dual-core UD7600C with 630i 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d Nvidia 7100 VGA and HDMI connections}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|  with realtek codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 rear and 5 front}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit capable but would not fully boot, DHCP address timeout too short and failed often. Put in a third party NIC, worked - 1 PCI Express x16 slot and a free PCI x1 slot - internal thin long psu with 12pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Imedia S1710 with Intel Dual Core E5200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{Yes|SATA/AHCI}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|Native IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia nForce 7100}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|NVIDIA MCP73 Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 14-09-2023, AROS One 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 2009 64-bit - Boot over USB not working on front - 2 DDR2 dual channel max 8GB - DEL for entering Bios - F12 for boot menu - Bus weird, could be reason for Ethernet issue 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Revo AR1600, R1600 AR3600, R3600, Packard Bell IMAX Mini N3600, ACER Veriton N260G N270G slim nettop subcompact 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9300M - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with alc662 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB boot usb2 stick issues and slower with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79 nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ArosOne 32bit very often boot stuck around ehciInit, 64bit ...
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 Intel Atom 230 N280 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - DEL setup F12 boot options - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v special barrel size 5.5mm/1.7mm psu - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - atheros 5k AR5BXB63 wifi - 3 wire CMOS coin battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo AR3610 R3610 3610 Atom 330 nettop subcompact dual core 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9400M LE MCP79MX 0x10de 0x087d - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek alc662 rev1 alc662-hd later ALC885 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB with 1% chance slow boot with usb2 sticks, more issues with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL8211CL MCP79 nForce 0x10de 0x0ab0}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 32bit 1.5, 1.6 and 2.4 usb around ehciInit or Kernel SATA, etc try ATA=off, and 64bit 1.2 USB boot often stuck at device 0x00000000b05228c8 interrrupt by using noacpi noiopica 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - non usb hub keyboard  - DEL bios setup, F12 BBS POPUP/drive boot - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v barrel psu with smaller inner pin size 5.5mm/1.7mm - replace wifi RT3090 ver c (0x1814 0x3090) with atheros 5k - 3 wire CMOS coin battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo N281G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 2d for GMA 3100}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2  
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX and SSE 4.1 Atom D425 - 19v 65w barrel psu thinner inner pin - 2 DDR3L single channel max 4GB - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - 1lr or 1.5 ltr dvdrw case 209.89 mm, (D) 209.89 mm, (H) 35.35 mm - del enter bios - 3 wire CMOS coin battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;REVO AR3700 R3700 3700 - ACER Veriton N282G 
*one long beep with two short - bios damaged 
*looping one long two short - video card fault 
*two short beeps - CMOS damaged 
*got one long and one short beep - board error?
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE ready in Bios
* Known issue, boot into bios, set bios to UEFI and reboot, set bios back to defaults and reboot, blank display, repair with reflash of 8 pin Winbond W25Q socketed bios chip with ch341a using P01.B0L or P01.A4 renamed amiboot.rom}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia ION2 GT218 9400M class 0x10de 0x0a64 with vga fine but hdmi fussy over cable and display port used - 32bit nouveau 2d &amp; 3d gearbox 404 tunnel 292 teapot 48 - 64bit not detected}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDA Intel with Realtek ALC662 rev1 codec 0x10ec 0x0662, head phones only but nothing from NVidia HDMI 0x10de 0x000b}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® NM10 Express (NM10 is basically an ICH7 with a die shrink and IDE removed) USB boots usb, installs usb, accesses ok}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek rtl8111g}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS one 32bit USB 1.5 and 1.6 and ArosOne 64bit usb 1.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 Atom D525 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - early 2 ddr2 sodimm slots but later 2 ddr3 sodimm slots 1Rx8 max 4GB - 19v barrel psu thinner pin - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - cmos 3pin cr2032CL plastic wrapped - del bios f12 boot choice - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo 70 (RL70) with or without dvdrw 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6320 or 6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio ALC662-VCO-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2, 1.1 Hudson D1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD E450 1.65GHz - 19v 65w barrel psu thinner inner pin - 2 DDR3L single channel max 4GB - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - 1lr or 1.5 ltr dvdrw case 209.89 mm, (D) 209.89 mm, (H) 35.35 mm - del enter bios - 
|-
|}

====Asus====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;EEEbox B202
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel Azalia HDaudio with Realtek ALC662 or ALC888-GR CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 or JM250 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;internal 3 types of wifi chipset not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Precision 340
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1 (UHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|3Com}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 2400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 82845GL Brookdale G/GE (VESA 640x480 by 16)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk|AC97 with ADI codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 440x 4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[http://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?p=832495 Icaros 1.4]
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Graphics chipset is capable of higher resolution.
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 4600
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 (use rear black port)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 170L
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX260
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX270
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX280
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{maybe|Intel GMA (only VESA tested)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Broadcom}}
| Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX520
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|Intel GMA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 745
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|HD Audio (no volume control)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{partial|Only keyboard mouse (legacy mode)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 755
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.5.1
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Around 25 second delay in booting from USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 990
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|non-RAID mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel HD (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|ordinary boot gives VGA mode only - VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio (Analog Devices ID 194a)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire Xenon 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;poor support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Vx0 (V90 V30), Vx0L (V10L V90L), Vx0LE (V30LE V90LE) from VIA C7 800GHz to Eden 1.2GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for S3 UniChrome Pro}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 VIA VT8233A with ?? codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 back and 1 front USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|early models work but later VT6102-3 do not}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.2  
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 to 2009 32bit - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm DDR 333MHz SO-DIMM later DDR2 - early V90s do seem to have a reliability problem - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.poppedinmyhead.com/2021/01/wyse-cx0-thin-client-notes-experiences.html Dell Wyse Cx0] C00LE, C10LE, C30LE, C50LE, C90LE, C90LE7, C90LEW VIA C7 Eden 1GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d VX855 VX875 Chrome 9}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|some VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with ?? codec work}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 outside 2 inside USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 to 2013 32bit - [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=815.0 boots and works] - 12V 2.5A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm ddr2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell RxxL Rx0L Wyse thin client 
*R00L	Cloud PC of Wyse WSM 
*R10L	Wyse Thin OS 
*R50L	Suse Linux Enterprise 
*R90L	Win XP Embedded 
*R90LW  Win Embedded Standard 2009 
*R90L7  Win Embedded Standard 7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128Mb IDE or 1GB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA Hyperdisk}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 690E RS690M Radeon Xpress 1200 1250 1270
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Sempron™ 210U SMG210UOAX3DVE 1.5GHz SB600, up to 4GB single slot 240-pin DDR2 DIMM, 19v barrel psu, DEL key bios - Late 2012 2 data sockets added but only CN18 be used with two white sockets (CN13 &amp; CN15) can used to power the SATA device &quot;4-pin Micro JST 1.25mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 390 sff small form factor - mt mini tower desktop - dt full desktop
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit dual i3 2xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - add nvidia gf218 gfx - error code 3 mobo or cpu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 3010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 57XX}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 7010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom or Intel 825xx}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx Q77 - kettle iec plug psu cable - add pci-e ethernet and nvidia gf218 gfx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5010 thin client ThinOS D class (D10D D00D D00DX, Dx0D), PCoIP (D10DP) or D90D7, 5040 
*username: Administrator, admin, [blank] 
*password: Fireport, DellCCCvdi, rappot, Wyse#123, Administrator, administrator, r@p8p0r+
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode may need 30cm ext cable as small area for half-slim sata ssd - decased new ssd??}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d 1400x1050 HD6250E IGP by using DVI to hdmi cable and 1 display port, no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD 6.34 audio chipset detected but codec alc269 working from one case speaker -  none if v6.29 used}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|most 5010 have 4 USB 2.0 but D90Q7 has 2 USB3 instead}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8168 8169 - rev 1.?? 8111? - rev 1.91 8111E}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit no SSE4.1 or AVX slow AMD G-T44R 1.2Ghz later G-T48E 1.4Ghz Dual Bobcat Brazos BGA413 - Del for BIOS - p key to select boot with noacpi - single DDR3 sodimm slot max 4Gb, (8Gb hynix 2rx8 ddr3l)? (remove small board to upgrade) - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; small 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - PA16 19v barrel psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 7010 DTS thin client (Z class Zx0D) 
*2011 Zx0 Z90D7 2GF/2GR
*2013 Z10D 
*2014 Z50D 2GF/2GR 
*2012 Cisco VXC 6000 CVXC-6215-K9 white 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|Bios set Sata mode to IDE mode and grub boot add 'noacpi' for half slim sata2 ssd or/with 50cm sata ext cable}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d HD6310 HD6320 Terascale 2 through DVI and sometimes DP 1.1a - no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio 6.34 detected but ALC269VB codec works on the one case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0 works but NEC 720200 3.0 not working}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111e 8111F}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 and Aros One 32bit 1.5, 1.9 and 2.3 usb and 64bit 1.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 slow AMD G-t52R 1.5GHz later G-T56N 1.65 GHz Dual with A50M FCH - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless black plastic case with metal ventilated box inside - 2 desktop DDR3L DIMM slots max 16GB - PA-16 19v external psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - 2 40cm SMA female WiFi Antenna to IPEX IPX u.fl Ufl Cable pigtail needed - does not like uefi boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse 7020 Thin Client 
* 2013 Quad-core AMD GX-420CA 2.0 GHz (25W) - 
* 2018 Zx0Q Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz (15W) with Quad display 3dp and 1dvi 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only for AMD Radeon HD8400E radeonsi (dual display) or AMD Radeon HD 8330E IGP with AMD Radeon E6240 Seymour E6460 (quad display), no hdmi ports}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 quad eKabini Jaguar cores - two SODIMM sockets layered in centre of mobo DDR3L RAM - Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm ac psu 9mm plug is too short but 14mm length is fine - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Dx0Q (5020) D90Q8 NJXG4 AMD G-Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 8330E 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; with Realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz - 2 layered near edge of mobo 204-pin DDR3L SODIMM (bottom one tricky to insert) - 19v Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5060 N07D thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE bios mode for sata2 port}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2d - AMD R5E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands thru dp1 with an hdmi adapter no output thru dp2 - no hdmi dvi ports}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC231 codec head phones only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111h}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 quad GX-424CC 19.5v external psu - CN-0Y62H1 mobo with 2 layered ddr3l 16Gb max sodimm slots at edge of mobo, bottom 0 one blocking - passive no fan so quiet - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Fujitsu Siemens====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Scenic [http://uk.ts.fujitsu.com/rl/servicesupport/techsupport/ProfessionalPC/Scenic/ScenicE/ScenicE.htm E600] (compact desktop)
| 
| 
| {{partial|VESA only}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| 
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| {{dunno}}
| Nice small, silent PC with good AROS support.
|-
| Scenic T i845
| {{dunno}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{dunno|Intel AC97}}
| {{dunno|UHCI}}
| {{dunno|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| AROS does not boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S200 S210 S220 and later S300 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| compactflash CF card max ??}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 315PRO PCI/AGP }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 via }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|via uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|via VT6102 [Rhine-II] (rev 74) }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - TR5670 Rev 1.4 mother with Transmeta TM5800 cpu - pci socket - single SODIMM socket for DDR memory PC2700S max 512MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| but swap with compactflash CF card already with AROS installed}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS741CX }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 SiS7018}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|sis uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz gets hot - SiS 963L / SiS 741CX chipset - 12V 4.2A 4-pin (DP-003-R) psu - single SODIMM socket for DDR PC2700S max 1G - large case 246 x 48 x 177cms torx screws - pci socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;FUJITSU Futro S700 and S900 Thin Client (based on mini-ITX motherboard D3003-A12, D3003-C1 lesser variant of [https://www.parkytowers.me.uk/thin/Futro/s900/TechNotes_V3.1_Mini-ITX_D3003-S.pdf D3003-S]) 
*G-T56N 1.65GHz
*G-T40N 1.00GHz
*G-T44R 1.20GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata data socket but mSata 18+8pins 1GB-16GB 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6320, HD 6250, HD 6290 dvi or displayport (DP runs higher) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|two USB2 front sockets and four on the rear}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit AMD slow atom-like and fanless - 20V 2A psu 5.5mm/2.1mm coax (S900) - 2 DDR3L SODIMM sockets max 8GB tricky to run 1333 MHz on the Futro S900 - proprietary X2 PCI-e - 1 PCI socket but need a right-angle adaptor - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo p420 e85 desktop case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or old Geforce in pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16 pin special psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo E420 e85+ SFF case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or low profile pci-e card 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111G 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16ish pin special psu - hd under front metal bracket, take front cover off first with 3 tabs - 3 slim pci-e slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S520 AMD dual 1.0Ghz codenamed &quot;Steppe Eagle&quot;
* GX-210HA @ 1.0GHz
* GX-212ZC @ 1.2GHz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;no sata - 4Gb or 16Gb flash memory soldered to the board
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 8210E (GX210HA) or AMD Radeon R1E (GX212ZC)
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - smaller than ITX 160mm x 160mm Fujitsu D3314-A11 - 19V 3.4A PSU standard 5.5mm/2.1mm coax plug - 1 ddr3 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Futro S720 ThinClient D3313-B13 D3313-F
*2014 64bit AMD GX-217GA 1.65GHz VFY:S0720P8009FR VFY:S0720P8008DE VFY:S0720P4009GB
*2015 64bit AMD GX-222GC 2.20GHz VFY:S0720P702BDE VFY:S0720P702BFR 
 all begin VFY:S0720P and end two digit country code
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Yes|up to 2 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata was running very well on AHCI and IDE-Mode and 2242 mSata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA 2D for AMD Radeon HD 8280E IGP ( islands) or later R5E IGP ( islands)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio ALC671 codec partially working, external audio speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0 but not front 2 USB 3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit supports AVX and SSE 4.1 - 1 ddr3 Sodimm slot max 8Gb - 19V-20V 2A 5.5mm/2.5mm coax - D3313-B13 stripped down Mini-ITX mobo D3313-S1/-S2/-S3 (eKabini) D3313-S4/-S5/-S6 - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the cpu heatsink is fanless - mPCIe socket for wireless card - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S920 D3313-E	D3313-G
*2016 AMD GX-222GC SOC 2.20GHz Dual 
*2017 AMD G-Series GX-415GA (1.50 GHz, Quad Core, 2 MB, AMD Radeon™ HD 8330E) 
*2017 AMD G-Series GX-424CC 2.40 GHz Quad
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|2242 mSata and 1 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata possible}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|use VESA 2D for Radeon R5E GCN2/3 IGP}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio ALC671 codec partially working}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0, front 2 USB 3.1 downgradable to 2.0 in BIOS setting}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AROS One USB 2.4
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 2 so dimm slot with max of 8 GB - 19v barrel psu 5.5mm 2.5mm - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the heatsink - mPCIe a e keyed socket for wireless card - propetary X2 connector with official raizer to X1 connector - almost silent background noise, not affecting sound quality in any way 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Thin Client Futro S5011 S7011 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D for AMD Vega 3 on 2 dp 1.4}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ALC623 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 USB 3.2 Gen 2 front and 3 usb2 rear  }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - AMD Ryzen Dual Core R1305G or R1505G 1ltr case - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - TPM 2.0 - 19v 3.42amp round coax or usb-c 20c 3.25a external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S9011 Thin Client VFY:S9011THU1EIN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D for AMD Vega 3 on 2 dp 1.4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ALC623 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 USB 3.2 Gen 2 front and 3 usb2 rear }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit Ryzen Embedded R1606G - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - TPM 2.0 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario 7360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Working}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 via}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq EP Series 6400/10
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|ISA}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Evo D510
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{N/A}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX2000 MT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel Extreme 2 (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|detects AC97 but no support for ADI AD1888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|OHCI/EHCI }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82526EZ e1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.51
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;boots ok but no audio 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX 2200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200] (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|OHCI/EHCI issues }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; d230
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (speaker and headphones only, no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion a220n || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|VESA 1024x768 on nVidia GF4 MX with 64MB shared video ram}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC650 AC'97 comp.}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8201BL 10/100 LAN}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.5|| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit athlon xp 2600+ Socket 462 / Socket A - 2 dimm ddr pc2700 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t500 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|FX5200 (2D; 3D with older driver)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 ICH4 ALC658D}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8101L 8139}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2012-09-22
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DC7700
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ICH8}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|82566DM e1000e}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2013-??-??
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Some support at low cost 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP dc 7600 CMT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ACL 260}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO/1000 GT}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series t5500 t5510 t5515 PC538A or PC542A t5700 t5710 Transmeta Crusoe Code Morphing TM 5400 5600 800Mhz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128mb to 512MB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7000M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|Issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA Rhine 2
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - ddr max 1GB - F10 setup - all t51xx and some t55xx units will not include a SODIMM slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series CN700 
*HSTNC-002L-TC	t5135, t5530 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d 128Mb Via S3 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 78) 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit t5135 appears identical to the t5530 except the CPU VIA Esther 400 MHz - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 3.33A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5720, t5725 HSTNC-001L-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d SiS741GX 2048 x 1536 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SiS SiS7012 AC'97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 8d)
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz socketed - RAM 512MB or 1GB, 256MB, 512MB or 1GB - 12V psu - sis DDMA support - custom 1.13 BIOS - pci low profile - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series VX800 HSTNC-004-TC t5145, t5540, t5545, t5630 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio VIA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit (rev 82)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit   - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 4.16A Coax: 5.5mm/2.1mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5730w HSTNC-003-TC t5730 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a|ATA 44pin DOM Flash}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d ATI Radeon X1250 2048 x 1536 no 3D 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|6 x USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5707M tg3 10/100/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit AMD Sempron 2100+ 1GHz - 1 slot of ddr2 sodimm (Max 2GB) - 12V 4.16A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - F10  enter bios F12 boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HSTNC-005-TC gt7720, gt7725 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d AMD RS780G HD 3200 - 2560 x 1600 DVI-D &amp; DVI-H
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Turion Dual Core CPU 2.3GHz - 1 DDR2 200-pin SODIMM - 19V 4.16A Coax 7.4mm/5.0mm (gt7725) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5740 Thin Client HSTNC-006-TC t5740, t5745, st5742 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Intel CL40 VGA and DisplayPort connectors}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with IDT codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly build and Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit Atom N280 - F10 on power up to get into the BIOS screens. F12 brings up the boot options - hp 19V one with a coax connector, outer diameter 4.8mm with inner to be 1.7mm to 1.4mm - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 3gb due to 32bit - 1 pci-e slot completely non standard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series HSTNC-012-TC VIA Nano u3500 VX900 
*t5550 512MB/1GB Windows CE6 R3
*t5565 1GB/1GB HP ThinPro
*t5570 2GB/1GB WES 2009 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 GPU Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 9170 VT1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit - 1 sodimm - 19V 3.42A supply connector standard yellow-tip coax plug 4.8mm/1.8mm &quot;Standard HP Compaq DC Power Plug 4.8mm x 1.5mm / 1.7mm Yellow Tip Connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t510 Via Eden X2 U4200 HSTNC-012-TC shares features with t5570e, t5565z 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2G ATA Flash DOM
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;one 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for Chrome9 VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 gfx}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|6 USB2 }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM57780 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit - one slot ddr3 sodimm max 4GB - 19V 3.42A Coax 4.8mm/1.8mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T610 Thin Client and thicker PLUS version AMD G-T56N A55E 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 6320 1 dp port 1 dvi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;two USB2 on the front, two USB2 and two USB 3 ports on the rear 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit does not support AVX SSE 4.1 - 2 204-pin DDR3 1600MHz SODIMMs PC3-12800 under motherboard via removable panel - 19.5V 3A Coax male 7.4mm/5.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T420 Thin Client 
*AMD Embedded G-Series GX-209JA SOC (1 GHz, 2 cores) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 8180 dvi vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 front 2 rear USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - soldered in place 2GB DDR3 - smaller than usual 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - usb stick internal for storage - E15 BBR - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t520 TPC-W016 
*AMD GX-212JC 1.2Ghz (2 core)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 mounting holes for 2242 and 2260 SSDs SATA (not NVME) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 2017 64 bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - 1 204-pin DDR3 SODIMM - 19.5V 3.33A 7.4mm Coax with central pin 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t620 TPC-I004-TC  
*AMD G-Series GX-217GA 2 core APU 1.65GHz (65W)
*AMD GX-415GA 4 core (65W)
and t620 PLUS (PRO wider version) TPC-I020-TC
*AMD GX-420CA SOC 4 core (Plus 85W)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|single M.2 2280 socket sata3, mSATA socket removed end of 2014}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2d for Radeon HD 8280E graphics 8330E  Islands GCN2 IGP - 2 dp ports no dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with Realtek ALC221 codec 0x10EC 0x0221}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|4 front, 2 back, 1 inside limited space}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 32bit with noacpi added to grub boot line 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - 2 DDR3L SODIMMs side by side - mSATA ssd and M.2 SSD are M1.6 screws, M2.0 screws used on most SSDs - 19.5V 3.33A Coax male 7.4mm 5mm with centre pin - changed the network card to a Atheros 5000 compatible - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T530 
*AMD GX-215JJ (2 core) 1.5GHz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 sata ssd up to 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;1 USB3.1, 1 usb-c front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64 bit does support AVX SSE 4.1 - 1 204-pin DDR4 SODIMM - 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm with centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T730 Wider &quot;Thin&quot; Client TPC-I018-TC Pixar RX-427BB (2c4t) - no display and fans blowing full speed caused by '''disabling internal gpu in bios''' flash L43_0116.bin onto smc MX25L6473F (3.3V 8-PIN SOP (200mil) SPI 25xx) ([https://www.badcaps.net/forum/troubleshooting-hardware-devices-and-electronics-theory/troubleshooting-desktop-motherboards-graphics-cards-and-pc-peripherals/bios-schematic-requests/96303-hp-t730-password-locked-bios in the rom rcvry socket under a delicate thin narrow surface flap]) with ch341a alike switchable from 5v, 3.3v to 1.8v 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|Storage bios option to IDE and not AHCI to prevent constant install error messages to DH0: - add noacpi to end of grub boot line - 1 M.2 SATA slot (Key B+M) up to 2280 with T8 torx secure stub}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for non-vulkan Radeon R7 GCN 2 UVD4.2 Sea Islands with 4 dp outs '''but too easy bricking''' if swapping with 1 PCIe 3.0 x8 slot 30W slim factor low profile 8400gs gt210 nvs295 nvs310 gt1030}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDaudio 6.34 realtek alc221 codec thru case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|'''Works''' for 4 USB2 in the back with 2 in the front, 2 USB3.0 ports on front and 1 more internal (not bootable)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG set up first in Prefs/Network}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;boots with AROS One 32bit and 64bit USB with added noacpi added to grub boot line - press e - Latest distros can select grub boot options with Aros One 64bit USB and Aros One USB 2.8 but system seems to freeze after choice 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - 2 DDR3L sodimm stacked slots max 32GB - '''Larger''' 20cm/8&quot; high 3.5ltr case noisy fan - TPM2 - esc/F9 boot selector F10 enter bios - 2 serial and 1 parallel old ports - Key E Wireless - PCIe slot (x16 physical, x8 electrical) - 19.5V 4.36A 85w TPC-LA561 HP 7.4mm black-ring-tip power plug, red flashing power button, wrong psu or bad MotherBoard MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t630 Thin Client TPC-I020-TC 
*AMD Embedded G-Series SoC GX-420GI quad core 2Ghz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|ahci.device mbr msdos partiton table for 2 Sata M.2, sata0 up to 2280 (1tb max), sata1 2242 (64gb max), both T8 torx secure stubs}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for Radeon AMD Wani R7E with 2 displayport 1.2 sockets, use one nearest to power jack - no dvi / hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio 6.36 0x1022, 0x157a and ALC255 aka ALC3234 codec 0x10ec, 0x0255, pins 0x17 as LFE and 0x1b as int speaker but not ahi 6.34}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2 2 front and 2 rear, 2 front USB3 and 1 inside}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111H}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.2, 2.8 and 64bit USB 1.0, 1.2, 1.3 with noacpi added to the end of the grub bootline (press e) 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - 2 DDR4 SODIMMs side by side speed 1866Mhz limit - 19.5V 3.33A 65W TPC-BA54 Coax male 7.4mm with centre pin - can be easily bricked, might reflash bios with M40 SP149736 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless case - esc f1 f9 f10 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Elite 7200 7300 8200 8300 SFF with kettle IEC psu cable 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE ata legacy only in BIOS}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;i pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|8200 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel or Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit dual core - add pci-e rtl8169 ethernet card and pci-e gf210 nvidia low height - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Pro 6305 Small Form Factor SFF AMD A75 chipset (FCH 6 SATA 6 Gb/s, 4 USB 3.0)
*AMD Quad A10-5800B
*AMD A8-5500B
*AMD Dual A6-5400B
*AMD A4-5300B
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 7000 Terascale iGPU series Radeon HD 7660D, Radeon HD 7560D, Radeon HD 7540D, Radeon HD 7480D 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD ALC221 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5761}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G1 - SFF
*AMD A10-8850B, Quad-Core A10 PRO-7850B, A10-8750B
*AMD A10-7800B, A10 PRO-6800B, A8-7600B
*AMD A8-8650B, A6-8550B
*AMD A6-8350B, Dual A6 PRO 7400B, A4-7300B
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D with Radeon R7 or 8000}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD audio with Realtek ALC221 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - T15 security torx psu with 6pin PWR 200W connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G2, 705 G3 Mini PC USFF thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in and m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5762 GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AM4 socket with 35W TDP A10-8770E (4c), AMD PRO A6-8570E (2c), AMD Pro A6-9500E, or AMD PRO A10-9700E on AMD B300 FCH - ddr4 sodimm slots - 77 x 175 x 34mm (6.97 x 6.89 x 1.34in) 1L and about 3lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G4 Mini 1ltr USFF AMD Ryzen 3 2200G (4c t) or 5 2400G (4c t)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and 2.5in sata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru DP1.2 port 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant  codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit Am4 socket - 2 sodimm 16GB max - 19.5v hp socket ext psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G4 35w, HP Prodesk 405 G4 35W USFF - baseboard 83e9 35W - AMD Athlon PRO 200GE (2c 4t), 2200GE (4c t) or 2400GE (4c t) on AMD B350 FCH 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and older models 2.5in sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3, 8 or 11 with 2 dp1.2 ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio with Conexant CX20632 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111EPH 1Gbe or Realtek RTL8111F 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - realtek wifi 8821 or 8822 - up to 1 ddr4 dimm slots - hp barrel external ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G5, HP Elitedesk 806 G6, Prodesk 405 G6 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2x NVMe or 1x SATA + 1x NVMe, but not all three drives at the same time without serious modding of hd caddie || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega with DP1.4 port || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - 3400GE Ryzen 5 PRO 3350GE (4c 8t), Ryzen 3 PRO 3200GE 3150GE (4c 4t), AMD Athlon Silver PRO 3125GE (2c 4t) on AMD PRO 565 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t540 1ddr4 slot, t640 2 DDR4 SDRAM sodimm SO-DIMM 260-pin non-ECC max 32gb thin client USFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVM Express (NVMe) 2230 or 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 VGA, DisplayPort 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 gen1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek Realtek RTL8111HSH or RTL8111E PH-CG 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit ryzen r1000 series Ryzen Embedded R1305G 1.5 GHz, R1505G dual (2c 4t) 2.0Ghz or R1606G ?.?Ghz (2c4t) - Realtek RTL8852AE wifi - 45W psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t740 SFF Thin Client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2, one is sata and other nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 DisplayPort or + optional pci-e 30W Radeon E9173
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E PH-CG 1Gbe
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - Ryzen Embedded V1756B 3.25Ghz quad - 90W 19.5V 4.62A psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - sodimm DDR4 max 64Gb - slightly noisy fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 805 G6 Mini 4750GE (8t 16t), Prodesk 405 G6 Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (6c 12t) or Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (4c 8t) on AMD PRO 565
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in carrier and 2 slots m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 with DP1.4 and HDMI flex io2 output options 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb a - gen 2 10gig and gen 1 5gig ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit AMD Ryzen 4000 SBC unlocked - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - wifi6 - 90W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Lenovo====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Nettop IdeaCentre Q150 (40812HU) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 10/100
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D510 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M625q Tiny (1L)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 Sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Stoney Radeon R2, R3 or R4 and later R5 with 2 dp ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  ALC233-VB2-CG codec 0x10EC 0x0233 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3 usb3.1 Gen 1 and 3 usb2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit all dual cores - e2-9000e or a4-9120e later A9-9420e - heatsink covers 70% area covers wifi - 65w or 135w lenovo rectangle ac - 1 ddr4 2666MHz slot max 8gb - tpm 2.0 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 1 AMD A6 A8 A10-9700E 9770E (2c2t) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 2 Ryzen 5 PRO 2400GE 4C 8T 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - f1 enter setup, esc device boot - fixed 1.8v ch341a needed to reflash 1.8v bios if no boot SOP8 DIP8 Winbond W25Q64, MXIC MX25U1635, MX25U6435 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCenter M75n nano Ryzen3 3300U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre M75q M75q-1 Tiny 1ltr TMM 
*AMD Ryzen 5 PRO Quad 3500 Pro 3400GE (4c 8t) 11a5 soe400
*AMD 3200GE (2c 4t) zen1+ 11a4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVMe 2280 1Tb max - untested 2.5inch}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek ALC222-CG codec ALC3287 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB3 Gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 65w 20v 3.25A to 135W rectangle psu - 2 sodimm ddr4 sodimm max 32GB locked 2666MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre Ryzen 7 PRO Tiny 1ltr Gen 2 AMD 4000 series 
*AMD 4650GE (6c12t) 4750GE (8c16t) 4350G (4c8t) Zen2 - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVme}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit vendor locked - 20v psu - 2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkcenter M75q-2 Gen2 refresh 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GigE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5650GE (6c12t) 5750GE (8c16t) - vendor/PSB can lock your AMD CPU - f12 boot devices
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkcentre M75q Tiny Gen5 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 780M dp1.4a or hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 usb-c 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GBe port
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 Ryzen PRO 7 8700GE - 90W yellow rectangle connector psu - 2 DDR5 sodimm slots max 128Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====Misc====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Impart impact Media Group IQ Box mini Digital Signage with MB896 mini itx 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 915 gme 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; via audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 1 ddr2 slot - pentium m 1.73GHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac_mini_cd_1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel MacMini1,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 [https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+question/186749 Sigmatel Stac 9221] [https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm/+/android-wear-5.1.1_r0.6/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c codec][https://alsa-devel.alsa-project.narkive.com/Yt20W6cE/sigmatel-stac9221-mux-amp-out-0x02-microphone-not-working mic]}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit possible 1.83 GHz Intel “Core Duo” (T2400) - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - maybe hack with a 2,1 firmware - max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only with c key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac-mini-core-2-duo-1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel Mac Mini2,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 Sigmatel Stac 9221 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 2.0/ Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - hacked with a 2,1 firmware and replaced the cpu for T7600 2.33 Ghz C2D and max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only via c key 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 5,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 1.83GHz 17&quot; T5600 MA710LL || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 with 64Mb || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 17.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1440x900 - polycarbonate 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 6,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 2.16 2.33 24&quot; only T7400 T7600 aka MA456LL/A A1200 (EMC 2111) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300GT with 128 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM PCI Express or GeForce 7600GT with 256Mb mini dvi, vga || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 24.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1920 x 1200 - polycarbonate plastic case iMacs of this generation are the most difficult iMacs to service due to their front bezel design 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware CA2 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;flash DOM 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;S3 Inc ProSavage PM133 (rev 02) vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA VT82C686 AC97 Audio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8139 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - VIA Ezra 800MHz - 2 PC100 sodimm slots - riser board carries an ISA slot and a PCI slot - external 12V power supply.with 4 pins - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware CA5 Capio One 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;44pin Disk On Module DOM 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;SiS550 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with SiS7019 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB1.1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8139 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - internal power supply with mains lead has a &quot;clover leaf&quot; style - 2 144-pin PC100 or PC133 SODIMM might have 24MB of RAM soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware CA10 
*E140 model BL-XX-XX (800MHz CPU) later 
*E100 model BK-XX-XX (1GHz CPU)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA VT8623 (Apollo CLE266) vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102/VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 74) 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004/5 32bit - 12v 5.5mm/2.1mm - 2 184-pin DDR DIMM - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona thin client 
*TC3200, 
*TC3x41 (P3VB-VXL) TC3541 TC3641 TC3841, 
*TC3xx1 (6VLE-VXL0) TC3931, 
*TC43xx (Gigabyte C7V7VX) TC4321 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC'97 Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA USB 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100B 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 2006 32bit VIA Samuel 2, VIA C3 Nehamiah CPU, 1 DIMM slot, internal psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware Capio C50, model CA15 Thin Clients] 
*Login Administrator Password Administrator
*Login User Password User 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 flash Disk On Module
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA VT8623 (Apollo CLE266) vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with via codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit VIA Eden (Samuel II core) CPU - 1 ddr sodimm slot max 512mb - slot - internal psu clover leaf - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://etoy.spritesmind.net/neowareca21.html Neoware CA21 Thin Clients] Igel 3210 (and maybe the Clientron G270) 
*Login Administrator Password Administrator
*Login User Password User 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 flash Disk On Module DOM 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA CN700 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with via codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit VIA C3 Nehemiah instead of Ezra-T - made 2 version of the CA 21, one with an Award bios and one with a Phoenix bios - 1 ddr2 sodimm slot max 1gb - VT6656 wireless - slot - internal psu iec - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware CA22 (e140), part number DD-L2-GE with BCOM WinNET P680 (V4) as the Igel 4210LX (Igel 5/4) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 VIA VT82C586A/B VT82C686/A/B VT823x/A/C PIPC Bus Master IDE (rev 06)
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA CN700 P4M800 Pro CE VN800 Graphics [S3 UniChrome Pro] (rev 01) vga
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 VIA VT8237R Plus
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102/VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 78)
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - VIA Esther to later C7 1GHz - 1 ddr2 sodimm slots max 512mb - +12V DC/4.16A/50W 5.5mm/2.1mm coaxial - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT402, Clientron U700, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Partial|VESA dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Optiplex FX170 D05U thin client, 10Zig 56xx range 5602, 5616v, 5617v, 5672v, Clientron U800, Devon IT TC5, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|GMA 950 dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 ddr2 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport - ps2 keyboard socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT-616V or Chip PC Technologies EX-PC (model number XPD4741)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit N270 on NM10 with ICH7 - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 4a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix GS-A21S-RH (rev. 1.0) SFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|X3100}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC883-GR codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566DC}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICAROS 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit Intel GME965 chipset with Intel ICH8M - 2 DDR2 Dimm slots - GA-6KIEH2-RH Rev.1.x mini ITX Case 213mm(D) x 64mm(W) x 234mm(H) - custom psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona MD+24 MD27 MD54 MD64 MD76 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA Chrome 9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit VIA X2 U4200 - 12v-19v barrel psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Revo 100 RL100 AMD Athlon II X2 K325 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® ION™ 9300m || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 1 front 2 back || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;NVIDIA nForce 10/100/1000 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit but no AVX - 4Gb DDR3 sodimm - 500 GB - 19v 3.42a 65W - dvd but later BD drive - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock ION 330 330Pro HT-BD, Foxconn NT-330i, Zotac ION F (IONITX mini itx), 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ION geforce 9400}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit slow atom cpu - 2.5L 8&quot; by 8&quot; plastic case - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - external 19v 65W 3.42A Plug 5.5mm X 2.5mm  - little whiny fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Zotac ZBOXHD-ND01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION1
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;NVidia
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Zotac ZBOX HD-ID11
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC888 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111D 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ZOTAC ZBOX Blu-ray 3D ID36 Plus 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC261}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT V2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC251}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 65 W AC, DC 19V~3.42A, 19.3L x 14.8w x 2.2H cm (1l), weight 530g, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nouveau ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AOPEN Digital Engine DE67-HA(I) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| Vesa 2d for Intel HD}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio for ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|usb3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel WG82579LM}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.jetwaycomputer.com/JBC600C99352W.html Jetway JBC600C99352W] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|C-Media CM108AH}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111DL 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D525 - DDR3 - 12v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn nT-A3550 A3500 AMD A45 Chipset DDR3 Nettop Barebones - White
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 back and 2 USB3 front 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD Dual-core E350 1.6GHz CPU - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus EeeBox PC EB1021 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - AMD® Brazos E-350 SFF or E-450 with A50M - 2 ddr3l so-dimm - 40W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xi3 Piston PC Athlon64 X2 3400e (X5A), AMD R-464L quad (X7A) Z3RO NUC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD mobility HD3650 to radeon HD 7660G 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 3 USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8161}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 - 2 sodimm 8GB max - 19v 3.3a round - Titan105 bios update - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD® Brazos E-450 with A45M -  ddr3l so-dimm - 65W ac - Wireless is Realtek 8191SU WiFi (802.11n) or AzureWave (802.11bgn) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung Syncmaster Thin Client Display TC-W Series 24&quot; LF24 TOWHBFM/EN TC220W LED LF22TOW HBDN/EN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8gb SSD || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| VESA mode only Radeon HD 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 thin Client C-50 C50 AMD® 1000 MHz and no wireless 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advantech TPC-2140 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 atom-like G-T56E 1.65Ghz up to SSE3, BGA413 soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab FIT-PC3 fitPC3 USFF PC AMD G-T56N || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RADEON HD 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC888 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64 bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 12v 3a - 2x sodimm DDR3 max 4GB - wifi rtl8188ce 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig 6872 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 atom-like G-T56N up to SSE3 BGA413 (FT1) soldered - DDR3l single channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG Technology 9972 1.6 GHz Linux 1.47 kg Black RX-216GD thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 5E 3840 x 2160 @ 30Hz to 2560 x 1600 @ 60Hz 2 x Display Port
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0 2 x USB3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD RX-216TD - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG 7800q thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 5E 3840 x 2160 @ 30Hz to 2560 x 1600 @ 60Hz 2 x Display Port
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0 2 x USB3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD GX-424CC (Quad Core) 2.4GHz BGA769 (FT3b) - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
*Itona VXL MZE12 AMD a4-5000 thin client 
*VXL Itona LQ27 LQ+27 LQ44 LQ+44 LQ49 LQ+49 LQ50 LQ+50 LQ64 LQ+64 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati 8330 vga hdmi dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit quad BGA769 (FT3) soldered - 2 stacked sodimm ddr3 middle of mobo - 2 m.2 sata slots - 1 sata short cable half size space - limited 1ltr 8in case no fan - 19v hp style psu connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5212 21.5&quot; AIO Thin Client W11B 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 out from DP or vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit slow atom like dual core AMD G-T48E 1.4 GHz - dell type round ac needed 90W 19.5V 4.62A - 21 inch 1080p screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;LG 24CK560N-3A 24' All-in-One Thin Client Monitor, 27CN650N-6N 27CN650W-AC 27', 34CN650W-AC 34', 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AMD Prairie Falcon GX-212JJ 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab fit-PC4 fitPC4 4x 2Ghz AMD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64 - 2x DDR4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL Hedgehog M340C UD3 thin client 
*2016 V1.0 AMD GX-412HC 1.2GHz-1.6GHz Radeon R3E, normal bios DEL for Bios or F12 boot selector 
*2018 AMD GX-424CC 2.4GHz, Radeon R5E, UEFI hit DEL and choose boot or SCU icon 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SATA half slim version '''limited space''' with msata 8+18pins slot on earlier 2016 models
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Radeon R3E later R5E sea islands vulkan 1.2 with dvi dp output}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with codec ?? (412) and  Realtek ALC662-VD0-GR (424), both case speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;amd usb3 boot usb2 with bios &quot;disable usb&quot; entry 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111 (412) and (424)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One x86 USB 1.5, 1.8 and 2.2 but ArosOne 64bit 1.2 boot loop in usb2 port 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 20cm/8&quot; high case - 1 DDR3L sodimm slot max 8Gb 1600MHz - external '''12V 3A''' supply with 5.5mm/2.1mm coaxial - IDE like interface under base stand is for legacy addon ports RS232 parallel etc - capacitive touch power on - case opening 3 stages, remove stand and narrow black plastic strip from the back, top cover slides off to the back and lifts off - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG 6148v 6048qv (6100 series) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AMD Ryzen V1202B 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG 7111q 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit AMD Ryzen R2514 2.1 GHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle DA320 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 R5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual realtek 1GbE 8111H 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit AMD 2200G 2400G - Robust metal 1.3-liter case - A320 chipset DDR4 - 19V 6.32A DC PSU - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD7 H850C around december 2019 '''AMD Secure Processor''' is a built-in dedicated security system that checks if the BIOS has a valid signature and thus secures the next step in the boot process. This ensures that only devices with a signed BIOS will boot 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;None but 8gb emmc 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek ALC897 or ALC888S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.2 and 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - AMD Ryzen™  Dual-Core 10W TDP - 2 DDR4 sodimms slots max 16Gb - 12V 4A psu - 2x DisplayPort 1.2 no dvi or hdmi - Intel® 9260 or SparkLAN WNFT-238AX wifi - 1x rear serial Prolific PL2303 chipset - locked down components and very limited expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD7 H860C - '''AMD Secure Processor''' is a built-in dedicated security system that checks if the BIOS has a valid signature and thus secures the next step in the boot process. This ensures that only devices with a signed BIOS will boot 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;None but 8gb emmc 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek ALC897 or ALC888S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.2 and 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - AMD Ryzen™  Dual-Core 10W TDP - 2 DDR4 sodimms slots max 16Gb - 12V 4A psu - 2x DisplayPort 1.2 no dvi or hdmi - Intel® 9260 or SparkLAN WNFT-238AX wifi - 1x rear serial Prolific PL2303 chipset - locked down components and very limited expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD3 M350C (UEFI issues) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;None but 8gb emmc 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek ALC897 or ALC888S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.2 and 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - AMD Ryzen™ R R1505G Dual-Core 10W TDP - 2 DDR4 sodimms slots max 16Gb - 12V 4A psu - 2x DisplayPort 1.2 no dvi or hdmi - Intel® 9260 or SparkLAN WNFT-238AX wifi - 1x rear serial Prolific PL2303 chipset - locked down components and very limited expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD7 H860C AMD Ryzen R1605B Thin Client - '''AMD Secure Processor''' is a built-in dedicated security system that checks if the BIOS has a valid signature and thus secures the next step in the boot process. This ensures that only devices with a signed BIOS will boot 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 AMD Ryzen™ Embedded R1605B 2 – 3.6 GHz (Quad-Core) - 12v 5A psu - up to 16GB RAM DDR4 - locked down components and very limited expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix Barebone Mini PC BSRE-1605
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 2 DDR4 sodimm slots
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM Deskmini UM250 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T-Bao MN25 Mini PC 2500U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Unk|Intel NVMe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA Radeon Vega 8}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek PCIe 1GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Atari VCS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D for AMD Vega 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 USB 3.2 Gen 2 front and 3 usb2 rear }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit Ryzen Embedded R1606G - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - TPM 2.0 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum M200 Silver Athlon M300 3300U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum DeskMini UM300 3300U, UM350 DMAF5 3550H, UM370 and UM700 with 3750H  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MinisForum X300 with AMD 3400G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER3 GTR4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 3 or 10 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RJ45 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 3200u or 3750h 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock DeskMini X300 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 Ryzen 7 Pro 4750G 5600G 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MinisForum Besstar Tech X400 with AMD 4650G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - MP1584 - kill NB679 NB679GD-Z=ALTM=AL** QFN-12 IC-REG-DL buck/linear synchronous chip IC with bad usb cables - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER4 GTR5
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;cant boot from installed SSDs unless its an M.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 or 2 Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 4700U or 5900HX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI PRO DP20Z 5M Mini PC - AMD Ryzen 5 5300G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018-2021 R3 3200G Vega 8 - R5 3400G Vega 11 - Ryzen 5 5600G Vega 7 - Athlon 3000G
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum UM450 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - Ryzen 4500U - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix 
GB-BRR7-4800 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR7-4700 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR5-4500 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR3-4300 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN50 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN51-S1 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega thru dp or hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 19v or 19.5v 90w psu round barrel - 32gb ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum Bessstar Tech EliteMini B550 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 x 2.5in and 2 nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|4 usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 8125 2.5GbE}}  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit AMD 4700G 5700G desktop cpu - 19v 120w round barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A300 and later X300 Mini itx with Desktop AM4 socket 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - choose your own AMD APU GE 35w based - DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 4x4 BOX-5800U Zen 3-based AMD Ryzen 7 5800U 15W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 slot gen 3 and sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 GbE and 1 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - WiFi 6E - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton S500+ Gaming Mini PC - Morefine S500+ 5900HX Mini PC - Minisforum UM590 Ryzen AMD Zen3 Ryzen 9 5900HX 7 5800H 45W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 1 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru HDMI 2.0, DP 1.4, and USB type-C 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 realtek rtl 8111h and 1 8125 2.5GbE bg-cg}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 sodimm ddr4 3200MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chuwi RzBox later Ubox 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 later to 660m vga, dp, hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|usb-c usb2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual gigabit 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 2025 64bit amd 5800h 4800h 6600H - 90w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC SER5, Trigkey AZW S5, Asus PN52, ZHI BEN MX-JB560, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe3 M.2 2280 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 6 with 1 or 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 1GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5500U 5560u 5600U to PRO 5600H 5800H - 19v 3.42W 65W psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NIPOGI Kamrui ACEMAGICIAN AM06PRO Dual LAN Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5800U, 5 5500U or 5600U/5625U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE ports 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - plastic build - 90w usb-c power - loud at 25W setting - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton FU02 Fanless Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U 5600U 5800U 8 Core 16 Threads
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 3.0 with 2 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x 1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - fanless with copper cube from cpu to metal sheet which gets warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xuu XR1 Lite (5300u 4c 8t) PRO 5400U   MAX 5600U  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe 2242 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 6
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 3.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 quiet fan - very small case no expansions - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM UM690 Venus Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie4 nvme 2280 and 1 sata3 2.5in 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|1 USB4 and 2 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|2.5G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C16T - 2 ddr5 sodimmm - 19v ???W - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR6 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 680M RDNA2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5GbE or intel i225}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit Ryzen 9 6900HX Zen3+ and a 2gb Radeon 680m 12CU ddr5 sodimm - 19v 120w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PN53, Geekom AS 6, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie gen4 nvme and ata 2.5in
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi and 1 dp
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|2 usb-c, 2 USB2.1 and 3 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C 16T - 2 slots ddr5 sodimmm (64Gb max) - 19v 120W - 4 retained base screws beware ribbon cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Micro Computer (HK) Tech Ltd MinisForum UM773 Lite later UM750L slim, GMKtec K2 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe PCIe4.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RDNA 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 2025 64bit - AMD Zen 3+ (8c 16t) Ryzen 7 7735HS, 7840HS and AMD Ryzen 9 7845HX AMD Ryzen™5 7545U (6c12t) - 19v up to 120w ac adapter - ddr5 sodimm 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.asrockind.com/en-gb/4x4 ASrock 4x4 SBC] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata or nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega or 680M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 or USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE or intel 2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR7 SER7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4 nvme 2280 up to 2Tb
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M RDNA3 GPU output on hdmi and dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1 or 2 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit AMD Phoenix APUs Zen 4 CPU Ryzen 7 7840HS or 9 7940HS (8c 16t) - 19v 5.26A 120w psu - del dios setup f7 choose boot - 2 usb-c on back - up to 64gb via 2 ddr5 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM BD770i Ryzen 7 7745HX (8c16t) or BD795i SE 790i 9 7945HX (16c32t) or F1FXM_MB_V1.1 795M LGA1700 mATX 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 610m over usb-c, dp or hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 with 2 rear USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 2.5G 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 mini-ITX M/B is the first MoDT (Mobile on Desktop) with soldered AMD CPU - 2 dual PCIe4.0 M.2 slots - 2 ddr5 sodimm slots max 5200Mhz - 8pin cpu power - battery not easily replaceable underneath - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum ms-a1 MS-a2 
* 5700G to 8700G apu 
* 9955HX
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 610M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual 2.5GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 64bit - 19v ?A round barrel jack - 2 ddr5 so-dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AOOSTAR GT68 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 2.5Gb 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 Ryzen7 Pro 6850H, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NextSBC 7840HS 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M 12CU 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 and USB 3.2  
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 32Gb soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Firebat A6 R7 6800H
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 680M
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum UM760 7640HS 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 760 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 and 2.5Gb 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Peladn WO4 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 760 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit 7640HS - 19v 5.26A 120W - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;BossGame M4 Neo 7840HS 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum UM870 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GEEKOM A8 Max AI Mini PC AMD Ryzen™ 9 8945HS, Ryzen™ 7 8845HS or 8745HS 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| USB4}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Dual 2.5 G Ethernet ports}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER 9 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 890M
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - Ryzen AI HX 370 strix point - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GMKtec EVO-X2 mini pc 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8060S iGPU RDNA3.5 RADV GFX1151 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - amd ryzen AI Max+ 395 (16c32t) strix halo - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;BosGame M5 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8060S iGPU RDNA3.5 RADV GFX1151 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - amd ryzen AI Max+ 395 (16c32t) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Steam Machine GabeCube 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;semi-custom 1080p amd 7600m like with 28cu 8gb ddr6 gddr 10GFlops 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;hdaudio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;usb3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2026 64bit amd 1772 hawk point2 6c12t zen4 avx512 FP7 socket with FCH51 - 16gb ddr5 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AMD Ryzen AI Halo Developer Platform Workstation 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2026 64bit - amd ryzen AI Max+ 395 (16c32t) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GMKtec EVO-X1 PRO 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 890M with HDMI 2.1 and DP 2.1 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 40G and USB3 10G 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2xIntel  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2026 64bit - AMD Ai 9 HX 470 Gorgon Point 12c 24t - 19v 120w - DDR5 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8065S
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2026 64bit - AMD Ai MAX+ 495 Gorgon Halo - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


===Server Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]

====IBM====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;xSeries 206m
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI RN50b (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{n/a}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0 (UHCI/EHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014-09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Motherboard===

[[#top|...to the top]]


* Late 2002, USB2.0 added and slightly better AROS sound support (AC97) appeared 
* 2002-2005 and still, to a limited extent, ongoing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor_plague bad capacitors] 
* Late 2003, ATX PSUs moved from 5V to 12v rails (extra 4pin on motherboard for CPU) 


* Late 2005, PCI Express replaced AGP and HDAudio replaced AC97 
* Late 2007, ATX PSUs added extra 12V PCI-E connectors and 4+4pin for CPUs 
* Late 2010, USB3.0 appears on motherboards or needing a PCI-E motherboard slot 

* Late 2014 Hardware USB2 removed from USB3 chipsets 


====AMD Sockets====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 7 (1997/1999)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1997 VT82C586B (QFP-208) is the first from VIA with DDMA
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 VT82C686 has close to excellent DDMA support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;SiS 5581/5582
SiS 5591/5595
SiS 530 /5595
SiS 600/5595
SiS 620/5595
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket A 462 (2001/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2217921/ABIT-NF7-S-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Abit NF7-S] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SIL 3112A  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97 (Nvidia APU)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201LB  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Realtek RTL8801B 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7NF2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce2 ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMedia CMI 9761A AC'97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8201 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S8X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 746FX 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97 cmedia}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S41GX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 741GX + DDR 333
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|onboard sis does not work with vga or vesa but AGP 8x works}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SIS 7012}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS 900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works ok
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.asus.com ASUS A7N8X] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Silicon Image Sil 3112A
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ehci USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;first total support for AROS in 2004/5 - damocles and M Schulz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar M7NCD
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chaintech 7NJS Ultra Zenith
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Promise PDC 20376  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|CMI8738}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty NF2 Ultra
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|via ac97 VT1616}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8139C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ECS N2U400-A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Cmedia 9379A AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|VIA VT6103L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA7N400L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.gigabyte.lv/products/page/mb/ga-8siml Gigabyte 8SIML] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 650
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|working}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8100L LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Matsonic [http://www.elhvb.com/mobokive/archive/matsonic/manual/index.html Manuals] MS83708E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS730 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|SiS 5513}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|sis 305 no support use VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|sis7018}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|SiS 7001 USB 1.1 only}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SIS900}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?docname=bph07585&amp;lc=en&amp;dlc=en&amp;cc=us&amp;dest_page=softwareCategory&amp;os=228&amp;tool=softwareCategory&amp;query=Pavilion%20742n&amp;product=89232 MSI MS-6367 HP 722n 742n (Mambo) (2001/2)] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nforce 220D (2001/2) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce2 AGP works 2D nouveau only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 ADI 1885 no volume control on Units 0-3}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB1.1 ports AMD based - front 2 ports iffy}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|nForce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested 20th Aug 2012 NB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 [http://us.msi.com/index.php?func=proddesc&amp;maincat_no=1&amp;prod_no=546/ Delta ILSR] Delta-L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 Delta2-LSR Platinum  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 ALC655}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2204281/Soltek-SL-75MRN-L-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Soltek 75FRN-L] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8201BL}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.3dvelocity.com/reviews/mach4nf2ultra/mach4.htm XFX Pine Mach4 nForce2 Ultra 400] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|3 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports VIA VT6240}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A7V266 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;via KT266A + 8233 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{no|issues}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with AD1980 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 8233 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6103 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 issues with booting 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A7V8X-X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA KT400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|agp}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with ADI AD1980 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA 8235}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|Realtek 10/100}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not booting for Socket A for AMD Barton/Thoroughbred/Athlon XP/Athlon/Duron 2.25+ GHz CPU - 3 x DDR DIMM Sockets Max. 3 GB - 
|-
|}


=====Socket 754 (2004/5)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit NF8-V2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB (2004/5)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot x8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 ac97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;a little support but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar CK8 K8HNA Pro 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;VT6420 thru ide legacy only 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 ALC655}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.extremeoverclocking.com/reviews/motherboards/Chaintech_ZNF3-150_3.html Chaintech ZNF3-150 Zenith] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|Sli3114 SATA via IDE emul}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA Envy24PT (VT1720) + VT1616}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom GbE 5788}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very little support needs PCI cards but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty UT nF3 250GB 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250gb
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports nForce3 and 2 Marvell SATA PHY}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC850}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;CK8S - Winfast NF3 250K8AA works and Marvell 88E1111 does not work
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 some support but no Firewire VIA VT6307
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8N
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI43AB23 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte K8NNXP
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata sil3512 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTl8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI STB82AA2 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8NSNXP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SiI 3512 CT128 Sata Sil3515
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvel 88E8001}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K8N Neo-FIS2R 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nVIDIA NF3-250Gb 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek 7.1 AC'97 ALC850 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E1111}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://techreport.com/articles.x/5748/1 Shuttle AN50R] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF3-150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sil 3112 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC650 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia nF3 (10/100) Intel 82540EM Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Foxconn WinFast K8S755A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SiS755 + SiS964 (DDR333) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Socket 939 (2005)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-LA GeForce 6150 LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Geforce 6150 (MCP51) + nForce 430 (PC-3200)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|two ATA 133}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|four 3.0GB/s SATAII ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;built in or PCI-E x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC883 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201CL 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-SLI Premium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVidia 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|PCIe slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce LAN but not Marvell}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI nF4 Ultra-D LanParty - Diamond Flower International sold to BenQ group 2010 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF4 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA 2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Gigabit Ethernet, PCIe by Vitesse VSC8201 PHY nee Cicada 8201, PCI by Marvel 88E8001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit - Four 184-pin DDR Dual-Channel Slots - 1 pci on Ultra, 2 pci on sli, 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8V E SE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T890 +VT8237R CHIPSET ATX AMD Motherboard with Athlon 64 X2 / Athlon 64 FX / Athlon 64 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe}} AC97 driver using Realtek ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} USB 2.0 only 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No}} Marvell 88E8053 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good base but needs additional PCI cards added for better support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A8V Deluxe (2004) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T800 Pro (DDR400)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;Promise 20378 2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 SATA2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA VT8233A 8235 8237 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;needs extra PCI cards
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock 939Dual-SATA2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali Uli M1695 PCIe with M1567 AGP 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 Sata with JMicron JMB360 chip 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e and 1 agp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8201CL PHY ULi 10/100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;64bit pci-e and agp combo on board - 4 ddr slots - 
|}


=====Socket AM2 (2006/8) and AM2+ (2007-2010) =====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M61PME-S2 (rev. 2.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 6100 / nForce 430 chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio Realtek ALC662 Audio Codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N61-AR mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE via vga or 1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Nvidia
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit - 1 pci - 2 ddr2 dimm slots non-eec - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus m2n68-am se2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nvidia 630a 630/a MCP68SE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports MCP61 chipset is SATA over IDE, not SATA over AHCI and reports subsystem as 0x1 IDE, not 0x6 SATA 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nvidia 7025 2d and 3d thru vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|hd audio with realtek alc662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce chipset RTL 8201CP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Phenom IIX2, Athlon 64 LE X2, Sempron, and Phenom FX processors - ddr2 667Mhz ram max 4Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM2+ / AM2 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M3A32-MVP Deluxe
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 790FX RD790 + SB600 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88SE6121 SATA II}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio ADI® AD1988}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8056}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASROCK N68-S N68C-S
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD based nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|slimline DVD drive works}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GF 7025 use vesa}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio for VIA 1708S VT1705}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|echi usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201EL / 8201CL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 unbuffered 1066Mhz ddr2 ram - N68C-S may need noacpi added to grub boot line to disable pci temporarily to run as it cannot get to [PCI] Everything OK - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N68-AM Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 64, Sempron, Athlon 64 X2, Athlon 64 FX with nvidia 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;no vga, pci-e slot only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with ALC662 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8211CL Gigabit LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;adding &quot;noacpi noapic noioapic&quot; to the GRUB options - Dual channel DDR2 1066, 800, 667 MHz  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68M-S2 (1.0) S2P (2.3) S2L GA-M68SM-S2 (1.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025,  vga (s2 and s2p), dvi (s2l) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC883 (S2), ALC888B (S2P), ALC662 (S2L), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8201CL (S2), 8211CL (S2P), 8211BL (S2L), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit possible with AMD AM2+ CPU on AM2 motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0(5200MHz) to HT1.0(2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M2N68-VM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a (MCP68PVNT) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia GeForce ® 7050PV hdmi, dvi and vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio VIA 1708B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8211C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - ddr2 800Mhz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM3 White socket (2010/11)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA74GM-S2 GA-MA74GM-S2H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;740g with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|bios IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 2100 and pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 (r1.x),ALC888b (r2.0), ALC888B (rev4.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111C later 8111D
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 23.4cm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.vesalia.de/e_aresone2011.htm Aresone 2011]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;760g 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|no Radeon HD3000 driver yet&lt;br&gt;vesa driver works&lt;br&gt;and add PCIe card}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support - 4 DDR3 memory sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn A76ML-K 3.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760g rev3.0
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|4 in IDE mode }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC662-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 1.0 to 1.4) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|4 sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with Realtek ALC888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8168 rtl8111c/d}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64 - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 2.0 2.1)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM3 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A785TD-M PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;785G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|ide legacy}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4200 - use vesa}} or pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support with 1366 ddr3 ram - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M4A88T-I Deluxe ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G with AMD SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Three SATA 3Gbps
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 4350 GPU with HDMI and DVI or One 16x PCI-Express 2.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB 2, 2 x USB 3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8112L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 2 SODIMM DDR3 slots max 8GB
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A88T-M Version E5907 E5826 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 4250 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek rtl8169 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte 890GPA-UD3H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890GX together with SB850
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use pci-e nvidia 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe - ALC892 rev. 1.0, ALC892 rev 2.1, ALC889 rev. 3.1 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well overall 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-890FXA-UD7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX with SB850 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 2.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|AMD USB2 but limited with NEC D720200F1 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111D 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - XL-ATX Form Factor 32.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 890GXM-G65 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;890GX + SB750
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI 4290 built-in (vesa)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 DD GR}} HD Audio crackles 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock N68-VS3 FX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 / nForce 630a
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA® VT1705 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek PHY RTL8201EL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x DDR3 DIMM slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GF615M-P35 MS-7597
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC888S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|freezes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8211CL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.3), ACL887 (3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit possible, AMD AM3 CPU on this motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0 (5200MT/s) to HT1.0 (2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.x 2.x), ALC889 (3.0), ALC888B/889 (3.1),  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4N78 PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 8300  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 xUltraDMA 133/100 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce® 8 series GPU with 1 PCIe 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA1708S 8 -Channel  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;12 USB 2.0 ports (8 ports at mid-board, 4 ports at back panel)  
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;NVIDIA Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x DIMM, Max. 16 GB, DDR2 1200(O.C.)/1066*/800/667 ECC,Non-ECC,Un-buffered Memory - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 9.6 inch ( 30.5 cm x 24.4 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket AM3+ Black socket (2012/15)=====

*095W FX-6300 FD6300WMHKBOX (bulldozer SSE4.1 AVX) 970 mobos with FX-8320E 8core Black Editions FD832EWMHKBOX  FX-8370E  (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*125W FX-6310 (bulldozer) 970 mobos with FX-8320 FX-8350 FX-8370 (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*220W 990FX mobos with FX-9000 FX-9370 FX-9590 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M5A78L-M LX3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G with SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC887, V? ALC892 codecs 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros 8161/8171 add realtek 8111? pci-e card}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - uATX Form Factor 9.6  inch x 7.4  inch ( 24.4  cm x 18.8  cm ) - 2 x DIMM, Max. 16GB, DDR3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-S2P
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|6 SATA2 ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GT240 and a nv7900gs, both pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 (r3.1), ALC??? (rev. 4.0), ALC887 (r5.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 8111E (r3.1), Atheros (rev4.0), Atheros (r5.x) }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 offers very poor control over its EFI vs. BIOS booting partition features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-USB3 (r3.0), (r4.1 Blue board), (r5.0 dark board), (rev6 dark mobo)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Bios IDE mode for SATA2 on early ones}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD HD3000, pci-e GT240 and a nv7900gs 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC??? (r3.0), ALC887 (r4.1), VIA VT2021 (r5.0), Realtek® ALC892 codec (rev6) }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not VIA® VL805 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 4 x DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 760GM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATI 760G plus SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 Use Vesa 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|P33 VT1705; P34, P21 and P23 (FX) MS7641 v3.0 ALC887,  E51 ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;P23 issues with audio ALC887 crackles thru earphones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigayte GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 3.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with Realtek ALC888/892 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111d/e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 890FX Deluxe5 Extreme3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX + AMD SB850 or SB950 (Extreme3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111E rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A97 R2.0 EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 and SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Asmedia SATA Controller 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;n/a
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 (LE), ALC887 (Regular), ALC892 (EVO) codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 and 2 Asmedia USB3.0 Controller 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111F 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-970A-D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC??? (rev. 1.0/1.1), ALC887 (rev1.2), VIA VT2021 codec (rev 1.3 1.4 and rev3.0) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not Etron EJ168 chip (USB3)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 8111E (all revisions), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit - ATX Form Factor 30.5cm x 22.4cm - 4 x 1.5V DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 970 Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;970FX SB950
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1150 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 usb2 with 2 USB3 VIA VL806 Chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Killer E2205 Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A99X EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;990X - RD980 with SB920 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 pci-e gen ?
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-990XA-UD3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 990 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 1.x, 3.0, 3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 not 2 x Etron EJ168 chips for USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8169 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====AMD Fusion (2011/14)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| 1.2GHz single Bobcat Fusion C30 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| IDE
| SATA
| AMD 6250 
| Audio
| USB
| Ethernet
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| Asus E35M1-M PRO uATX
| 1.6GHz 18W AMD Fusion E-350 dual core + Hudson M1
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC887 VD2 
| USB
| RTL8111E 
| 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - EFI bios - pci slot - 
|-
| Asus E35M1-I Deluxe miniITX
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC892 
| USB
| Realtek 8111E 
| 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - no support for Atheros AR5008 on a Mini PCI-E - 1 pci slot - 
|-
| ASRock E350M1 / USB3 (also version with USB3.0 added) 
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA - 4 SATA3 
| {{Maybe|AMD 6310 - use vesa with hdmi and dvi}} 
| {{Yes|Audio ALC892 playback but no HDMI output}} 
| USB - 4 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 
| {{Yes|rtl8169 for Realtek rtl8111E}}
| 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 1 pci-e 2.0 x4 slot - f2 or del bios, f11 boot select - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N-USB3 mini-ITX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Hudson M1 FCH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; plus HDMI, DVI 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 NEC USB3.0 with 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 for Realtek rtl8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 1 pci slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N Win8 V1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 FCH A45 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Use VESA - AMD 6310 plus HDMI, DVI}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC887 playback through headphones but not thru hdmi}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|4 USB2.0 needs more testing}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 for Realtek 8111e}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - works well but need to test with sata hard disk 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI E350IA-E45 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;e-350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;no support 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata3 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 6310 gpu 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 through NEC 720200 chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-M PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E450 APU with Hudson M1 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-I Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E-450 together 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM1 (2011/13)=====

On board Graphic on CPU - HD6410D, HD6530D, HD6550D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS F1A55-M LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with AMD A55 FCH (Hudson D2)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s port(s), blue Support Raid 0, 1, 10, JBOD 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 2.0 slot or Integrated AMD Radeon™ HD 6000 in Llano APU 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 Audio CODEC  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - A-Series/E2- Series APUs up to 4 cores - 2 x DIMM, Max. 32GB, DDR3 2250(O.C.)/1866/1600/1333/1066 MHz Non-ECC, Un-buffered Memory Dual Channel Memory Architecture  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 White Socket (2012/13)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A75 A85X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 Plus Black socket (2013/15)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A88X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM1 FS1b socket (2014/1x)=====

5350 4 core Jaguar cores 2GHz with Integrated AMD Radeon R Series Graphics in the APU Kabini [Radeon HD 8400] 

Later Beema APU with 2/4 core Puma (slightly updated Jaguar) cores, GCN graphics and a compute capable Radeon core, along with a brand new AMD security processor and FT3 BGA packaging (probably best avoided for long term survival).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AM1I-A 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek® ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111GR 8168 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit may support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1M 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;BGA FT3 AM1x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM4 FM3 Summit Ridge Zen Zen+ (2016/22)=====

Jim Keller’s group designed x86 Zen CPU - new and covering the same AM4 platform/socket for desktop 

Zen will also shift from Bulldozer’s Clustered Multithreading (CMT) to Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT, aka Intel’s Hyperthreading). CMT is the basis for Bulldozer’s unusual combination of multiple integer cores sharing a single FPU within a module, so the move to SMT is a more “traditional” design for improving resource usage

Trusted Platform Module, or fTPM, that Windows 11 requires. Ryzen processors using a firmware TPM are causing stutters, even when doing mundane tasks. To enable TPM 2.0 on your AMD system please follow the steps below.
&lt;pre&gt;
    Power on system and press DEL or F2 to get into the BIOS.
    Navigate to Advanced\CPU Configuration.
    Enable AMD fTPM switch.
    Press F10 to save changes.
&lt;/pre&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VI Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 (1x16 or 2x8) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SupremeFX audio features an S1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel I211 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 7 1800X 1700X 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar X370gtn Itx Am4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Dragon LAN RTL8118AS 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-AX370 K7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with 2 x Realtek® ALC1220 codec 0x10EC, 0x0295
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 intel and 1 E2500 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  4 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Xpower Gaming Titanium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;8-channel Realtek 1220 Codec 0x10EC, 0x0295
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;ASMedia® ASM2142 and amd cpu 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 x Intel® I211AT Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Prime B350 Plus ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; x PCIe 3.0/2.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 8-Channel  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 5 1600x 1600 1500X 1400 - 4 x DIMM Max 64GB, DDR4 up to 2666MHz ECC and non-ECC Memory - ATX 12 inch x 9.35 inch ( 30.5 cm x 23.7 cm )  - 2 pci 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME B350M-A/CSM Micro ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 3 1300x 1200 1100 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Pro4 AB350 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe 3.0 x16, 4 PCIe 2.0 x1 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock AB350 Gaming-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B350 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B350 Tomahawk Arctic Mortar 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCIe 3.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;white and grey colours - 2 pci-e and 2 pci slots - m.2 in middle - atx 12 in by 9.6 in and matx versions - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue M-ATX B350M-TI 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B350I-Plus ITX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A320M-ITX MINI ITX Rev1.0 Rev2 Rev2.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME A320M-C R2.0 rev1.1 A320M-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 A/B300 SFF 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek ALC887 alc897 CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb 3.1 gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 3rd/2nd/1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ / 2nd and 1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ with Radeon™ Vega 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A320M-A PRO MicroATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A320  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Realtek® ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG X399 Zenith Extreme  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X399 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; supremefx s1220 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Threadripper 1950X 1920X 1900X TR4 skt 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Fatality X470 Gaming K4 mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e rebar possible 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Fatal1ty X470 Gaming-ITXac AMD AM4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS ROG STRIX X470-I GAMING AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B450-I Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;high VRM temps - raven ridge 14nm+ like 2200G 2400G 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B450 Gaming K4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; alc892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 4 ddr4 slots - low VRM thermals 3900x 3950x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B450 I Aorus Pro Wifi 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme pcie3 with 4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very high vrm temps 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B450i Gaming ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata3 - none nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64 2nd 3rd AMD - 2 ddr4 dimm slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b450 tomahawk max 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; b450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek® ALC892 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450 Pro Carbon 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450-A PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450I GAMING Plus AC ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 - 2nd and 3rd gen AMD - 2 ddr4 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450 GAMING PLUS MAX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek® ALC892/ALC897 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B450M M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock X570 PHANTOM GAMING-ITX/TB3 Mini ITX AM4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X570  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VIII Dark Hero
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X570 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; SupremeFX7.1 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel® I211-AT and Realtek® RTL8125-CG 2.5G LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix X570-I Gaming Mini ITX AM4 Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG X570 Gaming Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  alc1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix B550-i AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue Jingyue B550i Gaming itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;3 with 1 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio alc
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit max of Ryzen 5500 (c t), 5600, 5600g (6c12t) - 2 ddr4 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock B550 PHANTOM GAMING ITX/AX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with alc1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel 2.5G}} 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B550M-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 ALC897 Audio Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Gigabit LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock ASRock B550M-HDV
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme and sata3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 or ALC897 Audio Codec unknown 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek rtl8111h Gigabit LAN}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 2 ddr4 slots - 1 pcie x1 slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG STRIX B550-A GAMING
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe Gen4 x4 &amp; SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  supremefx S1220A
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel® I225-V 2.5Gb}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte AMD B550I AORUS PRO AX Mini-ITX rev 1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme pci-e3 with 4 sata3
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek® 2.5GbE LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  2 x DDR4 DIMM sockets  1Rx8/2Rx8/1Rx16 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550 AORUS ELITE AX V2 ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 DP and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 USB 3.2 Gen1 Type-C 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|2.5GbE LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit- finer tuning than A520's - AMD Ryzen 5000 Series/ 3rd Gen Ryzen and 3rd Gen Ryzen with Radeon Graphics CPU - Dual Channel ECC/ Non-ECC Unbuffered DDR4, 4 DIMMs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550M DS3H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8118 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit - 4 ddr4 dimms - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG B550 GAMING PLUS ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Processors - 4 dimm ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MAG B550 TOMAHAWK ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (up to Type 22110) and 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280)
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 with dp and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 1 x USB 3.1 Type-C and 1 x USB 3.1 Type-A
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8125B and Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 4 Dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue A520M-H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; old bios with random issues with APU ryzens - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520M S2H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up - 2 ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520I AC mITX mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up 5600G (6c12t) or 5700G (8c16t) - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A520M-A PRO mATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Desktop and AMD Ryzen 4000 G-Series CPU 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


===== (Socket AM5 LGA1718 Zen4 Zen5 Zen6 2022/27)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Steel Legend 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 64Gb @ 6000Mhz or 128GB @ 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock TaiChi
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 with Thunderbolt 4 equivalent 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek killer E3000 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 7950x3d 120W, 7900 7800 7600 90W 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B650E-I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  - better sound with an actual AMP, PCIe 5, USB-C display outs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B650M WIFI M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b650i mini itx
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023   - front panel connectors at the back of the board - dead rear nvme slot and a drained CMOS battery as the CMOS button being pressed during shipping - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M Zen4
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen5 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen6 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--ACPI--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 FP8 Zen 6 Medusa Point 4bigC, 4 econC, 2lpC, 8coreGPU - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--ACPI--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 FP10 Zen 6 Medusa Point 4bigC, 4 econC, 2lpC, 8coreGPU - 
|-
|}


===== (Zen7 AM6 2027/3x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


===== (Zen AM 203x/3x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


====Intel Sockets====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 370 (2000/2)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel D815EEA 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;866Mhz P3 and i815 chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia AGPx8 6200LE added}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 USB1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested AspireOS 1.7, simple basic board with useful 5 PCI slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket 478 (2002/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&amp;sl=zh-CN&amp;u=http://detail.zol.com.cn/motherboard/index46381.shtml&amp;prev=/search%3Fq%3Dc.865pe.l%2Bmotherboard%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26hs%3DsZB%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official Colorful Technology C.865PE-L Silver Fighter Warrior V2.3] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865PE
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|tested with CDROM}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AGP slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALC650 AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 1.1 and 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8100 8139}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Still testing with NB (Nightly Build) May 2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865P
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 800}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865GC 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 865 Extreme Graphics 2}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA775 s775 (2005/8)=====

an industry standard DDR2 module could in theory contain fallback JEDEC, intel XMP and AMD EPP configuration data 

Intel PC CL5 ram modules but an &quot;AMD&quot; CL5 ram module the BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD (Serial Presence Detect) but can recognize the CL5 timing info in the JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an AMD PC CL6 ram modules but an &quot;INTEL&quot; CL6 ram module the BIOS cannot read the INTEL XMP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL6 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an INTEL PC needs CL6 ram modules but have an &quot;AMD&quot; CL4 ram module. INTEL BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL4 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS recognizes module timings as incompatible an refuses to boot.  

entirely separate issue if the RAM module timing specs are incompatible.(i.e. CL4 RAM in a &quot;CL6 only&quot; PC) 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit AG8 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8110S-32 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 32bit - Firewire TI 4200R7T no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 915 Neo2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMI 9880L HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcomm BCM5751 PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6306 no 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5GC P5GC-MX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945GC Lakeport-GC + ICH7R northbridge
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 3.0 Gbit/s ports  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe 1.1 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|atheros L2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 32bit - 3 pci slots - 4 x 240-pin DIMM Sockets max. 4GB DDR2 667/533 non-ECC - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn PC45CM-SA 45CM-S 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|pcie 1.0 slot with gma950 integrated}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with aLC883 codec playback}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|realtek 8139 8100sc}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 dimm slots 667mhz max 4gb - can be found in Advent desktops - 2 pci-e and 2 pci - core 2 duo only e6xxx - Micro ATX (9.6” x 8.8”) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-81945GM MFY-RH
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® 945GM Express with ICH7M-DH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA950 VGA15 and PCI-e 1.0 slot}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC880 codec playback only rear port}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO1000PL 82573L Gigabit Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 MoDT term “Mobile on DeskTop.”, low TDP CPUs to work on desktop form-factor motherboards. mATX Micro ATX 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 2 DDR2 dimm 1.8v slots with 4Gb max - will not boot if PCI2 slot occupied - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-945 GCM S2C
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|8101E Rtl 8169 (1.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA945-GCM S2L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCi-E slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with ALC662 codec 2/4/5.1-channel (1.x)}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111c 8169 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM 4GB DDR2 memory max - 2 PCI-e and 2 PCI - Micro ATX form factor; 24.4cm x 19.3cm  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo-F rev 1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC662 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo2-F rev 1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P31-DS3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI Express x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111B 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DDR2 800Mhz up to 4Gb 4 x 240 pin - 3 PCI - ATX 12.0&quot; x 8.3&quot; - 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL-AM /PS 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 1.1 with integrated Intel® GMA 3100 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT1708B with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8102EL 100/10 LAN with Realtek RTL8111C Gigabit LAN  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 2 GB DDR2 Non-ECC,Un-buffered DIMMs with 2 PCI - Intel Graphics Media Accelerator - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL/EPU 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pci-e 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169 Realtek 8111C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested - 4 240-pin DIMM, Max. 4 GB - 4 pci-e and 3 pci - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 8.2 inch ( 30.5 cm x 20.8 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G31M ES2L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 plus ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3100 2d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC883 (1.x), ALC883/888B (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL8111C (1.x), Atheros 8131 (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces DRAM capacity to 4GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r1.0  G31M-GS
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{partial|rtl8169 RTL8111DL 8169 (for -GS) RTL8102EL (for -S)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig AMI bios MicroATX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8111DL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig MicroATX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.intel.com/cd/channel/reseller/apac/eng/products/desktop/bdb/dg31pr/feature/index.htm Intel DG31PR] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG31 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|3100 but can use PCIe 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111B Rtl 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel G33 Express Chipset with ich9 southbridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3100 powervr tile based 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - embedded on Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Duo, Pentium Dual-Core CPUS with Integrated GPU Intel GMA 3100 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P5G41T-M LX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH8 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X4500 some 2d only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros L1c AR8131}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces maximum supported memory ddr3 from 16 to 8GB 2 dimm slots non-EEC - demotes the PCIe controller mode from revision 2.0 (5.0GT/s) to revision 1.1 (2.5GT/s
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VT1708S (1.3), ALC887-VD2 (1.4), ALC887 (2.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros AR8151 l1c (1.x 2.x), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2PT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (1.0), VIA (2.0), ALC887 (2.1)
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111E (1.x), Atheros AR8151 l1c (2.1), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 Port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA X4500 2d only and pci-e 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888B}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports + headers
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111 D/E}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P41T D3P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7 with Intel Core 2 Duo (E6xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 889/892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111C or D/E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel DG41AN Classic 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG41 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888S ALC888VC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock P5B-DE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P965 + ICH8 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|works ide legacy}}
|&lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|with PCI-E 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio via VT1708S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5B SE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 intel 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well except ethernet 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5W DH Deluxe P5WDG2 WS PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;975X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC882 AND LATER ADI 1988B 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8052 88E8053}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI TSB43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IP35 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 Express + ICH9R  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;two RTL8110SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB43 AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P35 Neo F FL MS-7630 rev 1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel P35 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC888
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base model of this range of P35 mobos 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-P35-DS3
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 and ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889A codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111B
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-EP35-DS3 (rev. 2.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® P35 + ICH9 Chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|4 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|Realtek ALC889A codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes | }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8111B}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IX38 Quad GT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; HD Audio ALC888 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8110SC 8169SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB 43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte X38-DQ6
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;twin 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-EP45 DS3 (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 or ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s (SATAII0, SATAII1, SATAII2, SATAII3, SATAII4, SATAII5)  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E v2.0 x16 slots support splitting its 16 PCIe 2.0 lanes across two cards at x8 transfers 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888  or ALC889A codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111C chips (10/100 /1000 Mbit)  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets non-EEC 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P45 Platinum (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G45 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;adds Intel’s GMA X4500HD graphics engine to P45 Express features 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G43 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;removes HD video acceleration from the G45’s features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5E Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X48 with ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ADI 1988B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell 88E8001 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte GA-X48 DQ6 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X48 plus ICH9R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TSB43AB23 no - ICH9 pairs with Intel’s 3-series (X38, P35, etc.) chipsets, in addition to the X48 Express, but excluding the G35 Express 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte EP43-DS3L  and Gigabyte GA-EP43-UD3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P43 with ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s connectors 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCI Express x16 slot PCI Express 2.0 standard
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets - 4 pcie x1 - 2 pci - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 21.0cm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 73-pvm-s2h rev.1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 7100 nForce 630i 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|3 ports SATA2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d GeForce 7100 (vga /hdmi/dvi), 1 PCIe x16 Slot }} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC889A MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|7 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL 8211B MCP73}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Not, tested with Icaros Desktop 2.0.3 MCP73 is a single chip solution in three different versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Nvidia 7150 630i 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel based nForce 630i (MCP73)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--GFX--&gt;GF 7150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO ALC883}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ohci echi}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;being tested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; the MCP73PV or the GeForce 7050/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73S or the GeForce7025/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73V or the GeForce 7025/nForce 610i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Atom SOC (2008/2x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945CLF 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N230 single core 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA945}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}} Skt 441
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works very well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.clusteruk.com iMica D945GCKF2 mobo]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Atom N330 Dual Core
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;wip
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945GSEJT + Morex T1610 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom 230 with 945GSE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA900 vga but issues with DVI output}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;small size, runs off 12V 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AT3N7A-I  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom N330 Nvidia ION
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|3 ports legacy IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|nouveau  cube  cube 2 45  quake 3 }}  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with VIA 1708S codec playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 device}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAiJpvu73iw&lt;/ref&gt; good but can freeze randomly at times 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D410PT 45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D410 and NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA3150}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 or ALC66x odd clicks}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D510 and NM10 + GMA3150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B or ALC66x 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111DL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-D525TUD (rev. 1.0 1.2 1.5)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D525 NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;gma 3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111f 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots max 8g - Mini-ITX Form Factor; 17.0cm x 17.0cm - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
|}


=====Socket 1366 (2009/10)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P6T DELUXE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x58 + ICH10 and Intel 1st gen. (Nehalem/Lynnfield) Core i7 (8xx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 (r2.0) slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ADI AD2000B HD Audio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8056 Gigabit}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6308 no
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;gigabyte ex58 ds 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; x58 + ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111D rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket 1156 (2010)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire M3910
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA intel HD}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek ALC}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk| Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALCxxx playback}} ALC888B (Rev1.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111D}} (Rev 1.x) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested but no support for WLAN Realtek 8188su 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H55M-E33 v1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E7636 M7636 H55 chipset so older i3/i5/i7 system
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC889}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|PCI-E Realtek 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P7P55D
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe | via codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe |rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111B/C  RTL8112L }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1155 H2 (2010/13)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P8H61-I LX R2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio via7018s codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111f}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit up to intel ivybridge cpus - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H61-I/RM/SI mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio via7018s codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111f}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit up to i3-2010 - OEM board from an RM machine but not ivybridge as the Asus BIOS isn't compatible with these, 0909 hacked one might work - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus p8h61-i lx r2.0/rm/si mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;h61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with VIA codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 sandy and ivy - oem from rm machine 2 x 240-Pin DDR3 DIMM sockets max DDR3 1333MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;‎Bewinner 63q9c7omvs V301 ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata with nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8106E 100M Network Card}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar H61 H61MHV2 H61MHV3 Ver. 7.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with Intel Pentium G 2xxx series CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC662 later ALC897
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61M-D2-B3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + Sandybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61MA-D3V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 (Rev 2.0) ALC887 (Rev2.1) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 2.0/1.1 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61N-D2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata2 and maybe 4 sata3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 slot wit 1 x DVI-I port
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 (Rev 1.0)}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 2.0/1.1 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit- 2 x 1.5V DDR3 DIMM sockets up to 16 GB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-H61M-S2PV 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with 2400k 2500k 2600k 2700k 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (rev 1.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rtl8111E (1.0), 8151 (2.0) no, Rtl8111F (2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Micro ATX Form Factor; 24.4cm x 20cm with 2 pci-e and 2 pci - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel Classic Series DH61CR Desktop 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82579V}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61M-P20 (G3) MS-7788 
*retail MSI board 
*OEM Advent, etc 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|four SATAII ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCI Express gen3 (retail) gen2 (oem) x16 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8105E 100M Network Card}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 22.6cm(L) x 17.3cm(W) M-ATX Form Factor - BIOS - [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=6009#post_6007 works well], 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61I-E35 (B3) MS-7677 Ver.1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata2 3gbps 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for hdmi and 1 pcie 2.0 x1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=5861#post_5861 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 and USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 rtl8111e}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H67-M
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H67 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8P67 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P67 with sandybridge and ivybridge cpus 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 realtek rtl8111}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8Z68-V LX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Intel 2nd generation (Sandy Bridge) CPU and possibly ivybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2 sata3 - 4 sata2}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio Intel HD with ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek® 8111E}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit SSE 4.1 and AVX - EFI bios - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Z68AP-D3 (B3) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Ivybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B75M-A 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B75 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio with Realtek ® ALC887-VD codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek ® 8111F-VB-CG }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H77-D3H 1.0 1.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 3.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit i5 3550 7 3770 - 4 DDR3 slots - 2 full pci-e 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z77 D3H with i3 3225 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1150 H3 (2013/2016)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://theretroweb.com/motherboards/s/asus-b85m-e-rev-1-02 Asus B85M-E]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B85 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio with Realtek ® ALC887-VD2 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8111F}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H87N-WIFI mITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H87 and Intel 4th generation (Haswell) Core i5 (4xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel Atheros}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS H81I-PLUS Mini ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 with intel 4590t 4690t
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata3 6gbps 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 x4 slot and with HD4400 HDMI vga mode works but other grub options no display just black screen - analogue DVI and vga untested  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio 6.34 with ALC8878 codec playback only}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB3 and USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 rtl8111g}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots max 16gb - f2 or DEL bios and f8 boot select - does not like unconnected gfx card in pci-e slot - deadwood 2026-09 DO3 build - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81M-C H81M-P-SI
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 (4xxx) CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2x3g 2x6g}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;hdaudio alc887 vd
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111gr
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 skt 1150 - 2 ddr3 max 16g - mini atx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD4000 igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit intel 4th gen mini itx - external dc brick with 19v rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 ddr3 laptop sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H81M-S2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN chip 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit up to i7 4790K - 2 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H81M-D3V (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2 sata2 2 sata3 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| HDAudio Realtek® ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|intel and VIA® VL805}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 Realtek }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H81M-E34 (MS-7817) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 2.0 x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 RTL8111G}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z87-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t i5 4c4t CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-Z87X-UD3H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 Express 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with Realtek® ALC898 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA H97M D3H r1.0 r1.1 with i3 4360 or 4370 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z97 A with i7 4790K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot for GTX 750, 960, 970 and 980 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel lan ethernet}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z97X UD3H rev1.0 1.1 1.2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with i5 4690K 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC1150
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel lan}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GAMING 5 Z97 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS Q87M-E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Q87 lynx point 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887VD codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 4 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA2011V2 s2011-2  (2012/15)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x79 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 Xeon e5-???? W TDP, e5-2667V2 W TDP, e5-????V2 W TDP, Sandybridge and Ivybridge V2
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X79 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA2011V3 s2011-3  (2015/18)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 Xeon e5-1620v3 130W TDP, e5-1650V3 (i7-5930K) 140W TDP, e5-2640V3 90W TDP, Haswell-EP 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;most cheap Ryzens are better nowadays 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Huananzhi X99-CD4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel C612 and X99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 3 connectors and 1 m.2 nvme slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC897 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 quality might not be great outside of a simple setup - 2 ddr4 dimms - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Keyiyou X99 XD4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Machinist MR9A Pro 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Machinist MR9A Pro 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mogul 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Qiyida X99 H9S
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Soyo 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1151 Socket H4 (2015/2018)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Skylake CPUs have TPM 2.0 embedded 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110 Plus H110M-A/DP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with 6th Gen Core and 7th with bios update 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sunrise Point-H SATA [AHCI mode] [8086 a102] 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Skylake Integrated HD Graphics use PIC-E slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC887 Audio CODEC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Sunrise Point-H USB 3.0 xHCI [8086: a12f] no usb2.0 fallback 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111GR or 8111H RTL8111 8168 8411}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;ATX with 3 pci-e and 2 DDR4 slots - uatx version smaller - turn off TLSF as it was causing AHI driver to corrupt. Turned off ACPI for errors but works fine once booted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS H110M-R M-ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 6th Gen Skylake Core™ i7 Core™ 6950X i7-6970HQ i7-6700K 4c8t hyperthreading, i5/Core™ i5-6600K 4c4t i3/Pentium® / Celeron® 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 DDR4 DIMMS Max 32GB 2133MHz - 1 full pci-e and 2 pci-e 1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Intel/Realtek GbE languard 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 - mini itx 12v / 19v laptop type rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - no pci-e slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H110M-S2H MATX Rev1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 (USB 3.1 Gen 1) ports with 4 us2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte ga-h110n 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| sata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2d for Intel or PCI-e slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HDaudio for ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 mini-itx 6th gen 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Msi H110M-PRO-VH 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; Realtek® ALC887 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6th gen intel -  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H170 Pro Gaming
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Asmedia USB3.1/3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel lan}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Z170A TOMAHAWK 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sara, 1 x 2280 Key M(PCIe Gen3 x4/SATA), 1 x 2230 Key E(Wi-Fi) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel lan}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit up to i7 7700k - 2 DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GIGABYTE GA-B250M-DS3H HD3P D3H D2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B250 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 coffee lake intel 8th gen
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Kaby Lake X Intel 7th Gen 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Z390 with Kaby Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Q370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; H370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B360M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Rampage 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x299 with  i9
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  - up to 24 to 44 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X299
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1200 (2020/2022)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H510M-A PRO (MS-7D22)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with 10th gen Comet Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit -  up to 16 pcie lanes rebar possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME H410M-E
Asrock H470M-HDV/M.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with 11th gen Rocket Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1700 (2023/ )=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Alder Lake / 14th gen Raptor Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 2022 64bit - QoS work to 2 level cpus, P down to E cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Meteor Lake ultra 5 7 1xxH series 1 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 2024 64bit 10nm - 3 level cpus, Low Power Island (SOC tile) to E onto P cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 15th gen Arrow Lake
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Lunar lake ultra 5 7 2xxV series 2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 64bit 7nm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nova Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Panther Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 64bit - either 44, 484, or 448 tiled cores 18A process - core ultra x9 288h, x7 358H, - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1954 (2027/ )=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nova Lake-S
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Serpent Lake, Titan Lake, and Razer Lake
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2027
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA (203x/203x)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


===Chromebooks===

For most (EOL) cromebooks, the recommended UEFI path forward is to:

*put the device into Developer Mode
*disable firmware write protection
*flash MrChromebox's UEFI Full ROM firmware
*install ChromeOS Flex, Linux, etc


See [https://mrchromebox.tech/#home MrChrome], [https://mrchromebox.tech MrChrome] and the [https://www.reddit.com/r/chrultrabook/ chrultrabook subreddit] for more info


ChromeOS has several different boot modes, which are important to understand in the context of modifying your device to run an alternate OS:

*Normal/Verified Boot Mode
        Can only boot Google-signed ChromeOS images
        Full verification of firmware and OS kernel
        No root access to the system, no ability to run Linux or boot other OSes
        Automatically enters Recovery Mode if any step of Verified Boot fails
        Default / out-of-the-box setting for all ChromeOS devices

*Recovery Mode
        User presented with Recovery Mode boot screen (white screen with 'ChromeOS is missing or damaged')
        Boots only USB/SD with signed Google recovery image
        Automatically entered when Verified Boot Mode fails
        Can be manually invoked:
        On Chromebooks, via keystroke: [ESC+Refresh+Power]
        On Chromeboxes, by pressing a physical recovery button at power-on
        On Convertibles/Tablets, by holding the Power, Vol+, and Vol- buttons for 10s and then release
        Allows for transition from Verified Boot Mode to Developer Mode
        On Chromebooks/Chromeboxes, via keystroke: [CTRL+D]
        On Convertibles/Tablets, via button press: Vol+/Vol- simultaneously
        Booting recovery media on USB/SD will repartition/reformat internal storage and reload ChromeOS

Note: The ChromeOS recovery process does not reset the firmware boot flags (GBB Flags), so if those are changed from the default, they will still need to be reset for factory default post-recovery.

*Developer Mode
        &quot;Jailbreak&quot; mode built-in to every ChromeOS device
        Loosened security restrictions, allows root/shell access, ability to run Linux via crouton
        Verified Boot (signature checking) disabled by default, but can be re-enabled
        Enabled via [CTRL+D] on the Recovery Mode boot screen
        Boots to the developer mode boot screen (white screen with 'OS verification is off' text), 

The user can select via keystroke 
&lt;pre&gt;
           ChromeOS (in developer mode) on internal storage ( [CTRL+D] )
           ChromeOS/ChromiumOS on USB ( [CTRL+U] )
           Legacy Boot Mode ( [CTRL+L] )
&lt;/pre&gt;
Boot screen displays the ChromeOS device/board name in the hardware ID string (eg, PANTHER F5U-C92, which is useful to know in the context of device recovery, firmware support, or in determining what steps are required to install a given alternate OS on the device.

*Legacy Boot Mode
        Unsupported method for booting alternate OSes (Linux, Windows) via the SeaBIOS RW_LEGACY firmware 
        Accessed via [CTRL+L] on the developer mode boot screen
        Requires explicit enabling in Developer Mode via command line: sudo crossystem dev_boot_legacy=1 
        Most  ChromeOS devices require a RW_LEGACY firmware update first
        Boots to the (black) SeaBIOS splash screen; if multiple boot devices are available, prompt shows the boot menu

Note: If you hear two beeps after pressing [CTRL+L], then either your device doesn't have a valid Legacy Boot Mode / RW_LEGACY firmware installed, or legacy boot capability has not been been enabled via crossystem.


https://www.howtogeek.com/278953/how-to-install-windows-on-a-chromebook/

Chromebooks don’t officially support other OSs. You normally can’t even install as Chromebooks ship with a special type of BIOS designed for Chrome OS. But there are ways to install, if you’re willing to get your hands dirty and potentially ruin everything 

[https://mrchromebox.tech/#devices Firmware Compatibility] 

[https://wiki.galliumos.org/Hardware_Compatibility Here is the list of hardware that the GalliumOS supports and information on getting Gallium OS on to those devices]

Development on GalliumOS has been discontinued, and for most users, GalliumOS is not the best option for running Linux due to lack of hardware support or a kernel that's out of date and lacking important security fixes.

Meet Eupnea and Depthboot, the successors to Galliumos and Breath [https://eupnea-linux.github.io This is the bleeding edge] 

Most older Chromebooks need the write-protect screw removed in order to install MrChromebox's firmware that allows you to install other operating systems. Most newer Chromebooks don't work in the same way as there is no write-protect screw on them. 


Very rough guide to '''total''' (i.e. all cores / threads) processor performance (AROS usually uses only the [https://gmplib.org/gmpbench one core]) 

[[#top|...to the top]]

&lt;pre&gt;

060000    AMD Ryzen 9 7900X (AM5 170W), 
056000    AMD Ryzen 9 5950X, 
055000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X3D, 
053000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X (AM4 105W), AMD Ryzen 9 3950X (105W), 
044000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D, 
042000    AMD Ryzen 9 6900HX, AMD Ryzen 5 5600X3D (AM4 95W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 5750GE (AM4 35W), 
039000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900HS, Intel Core i7-12700T, AMD Ryzen 7 7735HS (8c16t 45W), AMD 8840U, 
038000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800H (FP6 45W), AMD Ryzen 7 6800U, Intel Core i5-12490F, Intel Core i5-12500E,   
037000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800HS (FP6 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 8500G 8600GE (AM5 6c12t 35W), AMD Ryzen Z2 (8c16t), 
036500    AMD Ryzen 7 5700G (AM4 8c16t 65W), AMD Ryzen 9 6900HS, Intel Core i7-12800H, 
036200    AMD Ryzen 7 5700GE (AM4 8c16t 35W), AMD Ryzen Z1 Extreme (top TDP), AMD Ryzen 5 8600G (AM5 65W), 


036000    AMD Ryzen 5 3600X (Am4 95W), AMD Ryzen 5 5500 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 5600 (65W), 
035000    AMD Ryzen 5 6600H, Intel Core i5-12400F, 
031000    AMD Ryzen™ 9 8945HS, Ryzen™ 7 8845HS, AMD Ryzen 7 7840U, 
030000    AMD Ryzen 7 4800U, AMD Ryzen 4800H, Intel Core i5-11400F, Intel Zeon E5-2697A V4, 
029500    AMD Ryzen 5 4500 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3600 (65W), Apple M3 Pro 12c, AMD Ryzen 5 5600G, 
028500    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5675U, AMD Ryzen 7 1700 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 7 2700 (65W), Ryzen 3 7540U, 
028000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650U, 5 5560U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen3), Intel Core i5-13500H, AMD Ryzen 7 4800HS, 
027700    AMD Ryzen 9 PRO 7940HS (FP8 65W), AMD 8745HS, AMD Ryzen H255 AI, AMD Ryzen 3 7545U, 
027500    AMD Ryzen 3 7736U, AMD Ryzen 5 7640U, 
027400    AMD Ryzen 5 8540U, AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650GE (AM4 6c12t 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650G (AM4 45W), 
027300    AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750GE, AMD Ryzen 5 5600H, AMD Ryzen 7 5825U (FP6 8c16t 15W), 
027200    AMD Ryzen 5 6600U, AMD Ryzen 7 2700X, AMD Ryzen 5 5600GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen Z1, 
027100    AMD Ryzen 7 7730U (FP6 15W 8c16t), AMD Ryzen 7 5800U (FP6 25W 8c16t), Ryzen 9 4900H, 
027000    AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750U (8c16t), Ryzen 5 7430U (FP6 6c12t), Ryzen 5 PRO 6650U, Intel 10500H, 
026500    AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 7840HS (FP7 65W), AMD Ryzen 7 8840HS, AMD Ryzen Z2 Extreme, 
025000    AMD Ryzen 5 4600HS (FP6 35W 6c12t), Apple M1 Pro, AMD Ryzen 5 5625U (FP6 15W 6c12t),
024500    AMD Ryzen 5 5600U (FP6 25W hot 6c12t Zen3), AMD Ryzen 5 2600 (65W), Ryzen 5 7530U, 
024000    AMD Ryzen 5 4600G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 1700X (AM4 95W), 
023700    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 5350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 3500X (AM4 95W), Intel Core i7-9700, 
023500    AMD Ryzen 5 1600X (95W), AMD Ryzen 3 5300GE (AM4 4c8t 35W), AMD Ryzen 7 5700U (FP6 25W 8c16t Zen2), 
023200    AMD Ryzen 3 7330U (FP6 15W 4c8t), AMD Ryzen 7 4700U (FP6 25W 8c8t), AMD Ryzen 5 4400G, 
023000    Intel Core i7-1255U, Intel Core i7 13700H, Ryzen 7640HS, 
022000    AMD Ryzen Z2 Go (4c8t), AMD Ryzen 5 5500U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen2), Snapdragon 8 Elite, 


020500    AMD Ryzen 3 4300G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 3 5450U 5425U, AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650U (6c12t), 
019500    Intel Core i5-1135G7, AMD Ryzen 5 5500H, AMD Ryzen 5 4600U (FP6 25W 6c), AMD Ryzen 5 2600 (65W), 
019250    Intel Core i5-1145G7, 
019000    AMD Ryzen 5 3400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 2500X, AMD Ryzen 5 7520U, AMD Ryzen V3C18I (? 15W),
017750    AMD Ryzen 5 3400GE (AM4 35W), Intel Core i5-8400, AMD Ryzen 5 1500X (AM4 65W), Xbox One Series X, 
017500    Intel Core i7-6700K, Intel i5-10400, AMD Ryzen 5 4500U (FP6 25W 6c6t), AMD Ryzen 3 5400U, 
017000    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 3 5300U (FP6 25W 4c8t), Intel Core i5-11300H, 
016500    AMD Ryzen 7 3750H, AMD Ryzen Embedded V1756B (FP5 45W), AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4200GE, SD G3 Gen3, 
016250    Intel Core i5-1035G7, intel core i5 7600 (4c4t 65W), 
016000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3550H, Ryzen 5 PRO 3350GE (4c 8t), Intel Core i5-8500T, 
015500    AMD Ryzen Embedded R2544, Apple A19 Pro, Intel i7-4790K, 
015000    AMD Ryzen 3 7320U, Ryzen 7 3700U, Ryzen 3200G (AM4 65W), Intel Core i7-8550U, Intel Core i5-1035G1, 
014000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400GE (AM4 35W), Intel Core i7-6700T, AMD Ryzen 5 3550U, 
013500    AMD Ryzen 5 3500U (FP5 15W 4c8t), AMD Ryzen 3 4300U, AMD Athlon Gold 4150GE, AMD Ryzen 5 3450U, 
013250    AMD Ryzen 3 3200GE (AM4 45W), AMD Ryzen 3 1300X (65W), AMD Ryzen 3 2200G, Xbox One Series S, 
013000    AMD Ryzen Embedded V1605B (FP5 25W), AMD Ryzen 2700U, AMD Ryzen R2514, Apple A18, 
012500    AMD Ryzen 5 2500U (FP5 25W 4c8t), Intel Core i3-8300T, Intel Xeon X5680, Intel i3-1115G4 (2c4t), 


012300    Intel Core i7-8565U, Intel Core i5-8350U, Intel Core i7-8700, Allwinner A733 (2 A76, 6 A55), 
012200    ARM Cortex-X3 Prime Snapdragon SD8G2 Gen2 4nm 64-bit Kryo CPU, i5-8250U (4c8t), 
012000    AMD Ryzen 3 2200GE, AMD Ryzen 3 1200 (65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3500C, 
011500    AMD Ryzen 3 3300U, Intel Core i3-8100T, Intel Core i5-8265U, Intel i5-10210U, CORE i5-10310U, 
010500    AMD Ryzen 3 2300U (FP5 25W 4c4t), Allwinner A527 (8 A55), Intel i5 4690K, 
010300    Intel Core i7-3630QM, Intel Core i5-6600T, Intel Core i5-4670K, 
010200    Intel Core i5-6440HQ, Intel Core i7-3610QM, Snapdragon SD865, 
010000    AMD FX-8320E (AM3+ 125W 8c8t), Intel Core i5-7500T, Intel Core i5-4690, Intel i5 4690T, 
009000    Spectrum Unisoc Tiger T7280 (T620), Cortex-X2, MediaTek Dimensity 1300 (4 A78, 4 A55), 
008700    AMD FX-6130 (AM3+ 90W 6c6t), Intel Core i5-7400T, Intel Core i5-4590T, 
008500    Intel Core i5-6500T, AMD Athlon 300GE (AM4, 35W), AMD Athlon Gold 7220U, 
008000    AMD Ryzen R1606G (FP5 15W), AMD FX-6300 (AM3 65W 6c6t), Intel Core i5-2500K, 
007500    AMD Ryzen 3 3200U, AMD Ryzen 3 3250U, Intel Alderlake ULX N100 / N95, 
007200    AMD Ryzen 3 2200U (FP5 25W 2c4t), Intel Core i3-7100T, Intel Twinlakes N150 N200, Xbox(TM) One S, 
007100    AMD Ryzen R1505G (FP5, 15W), RK3576 4 A72, 4 A53, Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1, Intel i7-6600U and 7600U, 
006600    Qualcomm Snapdragon 888 5G, AMD Athlon 300U (FP5 2c4t 15W), Intel Core i7-7500U, AMD V1202B, 
006500    Intel Core i7-6500U, AMD Athlon Gold 3150U, Intel Celeron N5105 (FCBGA1338 15W), SD 685, 
006300    Intel Core i3-8130U (15W), Intel Celeron N5095 (FCBGA1338 15W), Intel Core i3-6100T,
006100    Intel Core i5-6300U, Intel Core i5-7200U (2c4t), Intel i7-5500U, Intel Core i7-6600U (2c4t), 
006000    Intel Core i5-6200U (2c4t), Intel Core i3-7130U, Intel i7-4500U, Qualcomm Snapdragon 888 4G, 
005950    Intel Core i5-4570T, Intel Core i5-5257U, Rockchip RK3588 (4 A76, 4 A55), Snapdragon 7325, 


005900    Intel Xeon X5550, Intel Core i5-4300M, MediaTek Dimensity 1200 (4 A78, 4 A55), Unisoc 7255 (T616), 
005800    Intel Celeron J4125 J4105 (FCBGA1090 15W), Intel Core i5-3470T, AMD A8-6600K APU, AMD 3015E (2c4t), 
005600    Intel Core i5-3360M, Intel Core i7-3520M, Intel Core i5-4210M, Intel Pentium G4600T,
005400    MediaTek Dimensity 900 (2 A78, 6 A55), AMD Athlon Silver 7120U, Snapdragon 860, 
005300    AMD PRO A12-9800B 7th Gen APU (FP4 15W), AMD FX-4300 4c4t, AMD Ryzen R1305G, 
005250    Intel Core i5-3230M, AMD FX-7600P, Intel Pentium G4400, Unisoc T7200 (Unisoc T606 2 A76, 6 A55), 
005200    AMD PRO A10-8770E, AMD A10-9700E, AMD PRO A10-9700B (FP4 15W), Intel Core i3-4130T, BCM2712 Pi5, 
005100    AMD RX-427BB (FP3 15W), AMD A10-9620P, AMD A12-9720P, Intel Core i3-8145U, AMD A12-9830B, 
005050    AMD A8-5500 (FM2 65W), AMD A10 PRO-7800B APU, Intel Pentium Silver N5000, Intel Core i7-5500U, 
005000    Intel Core i5-5300U, Intel Core i5-3320M (2c4t), Intel Core i5-5350U, Unisoc T618 (2 A73 6 A53), 
004900    Intel Core i5-4300U, Intel Core i5-5200U, Intel Core i3-4100M, Snapdragon 662 (SM6115), 
004860    Intel Core i7-2620M, Intel Core i7-2640M, AMD Athlon Silver 3050U 3050e, Sony PS4, 
004650    Intel Core i5-2520M (2c4t), Intel Core i5-3210M, AMD A10-9600P (FP4 4c 15W), Pentium 4415U, 
004625    Intel Core i3-7100U (FCBGA1356 15W), ARM A76 RK3588S, AMD A10-6800B APU, Intel i3-7020U, 
004600    AMD PRO A8-9600B, AMD PRO A12-8830B, AMD PRO A10-8730B, AMD A12-9700P, Intel Core i3-6100U, 
004200    AMD A10-8700P A8-8600P, Intel Core i5-4200U, Intel Core i5-2540M, Intel i3-6006U, Intel i3-4150T, 
004000    Intel Core i5-2430M, AMD PRO A8-8600B, AMD 3020e, Mediatek MT6797 Helio X20, 
003850    Intel Core i5-2410M (2c4t), Intel Core i3-2120 (LGA1155 65W), Mediatek MT8786, 
003800    AMD A10-4600M APU, AMD A10 PRO-7350B APU, AMD A10-5750M APU, Rockchip RK3399, 
003600    AMD A8-6500T APU, AMD A8-7410 APU, AMD PRO A6-8550B, AMD A8-5550M (4c4t), 


003500    AMD GX-424CC SOC (FT3b 25W 4c4t), ARM A75 Unisoc Tiger T610 (Spreadtrum) (8c 5W), intel i5-5250u, 
003400    AMD A10-7300 APU, AMD A6-7310 APU, AMD A8-6410, AMD A10-5745M APU, Intel Core i3-4000M, 
003350    Intel Pentium G2020, Intel Core i3-3120M (G2 2c4t), AMD R-464L APU, Intel® Core m5-6Y57 (2c4t),
003300    AMD GX-420CA SOC (FT3 BGA769 25W), AMD A6-9500E, Intel Celeron N4200, AMD A6-5200 ( 25W 2c2t), 
003200    AMD A6-6310 APU, AMD A6-6400B APU, AMD A6-8570E, AMD A8-4500M APU, AMD A6-7400K APU, 
003000    AMD A8-7150B, AMD A9-9410, A9-9420, A9-9425, AMD A6-8500B (FP4 15W), AMD A8-7100, Intel 5010u,  
002900    AMD PRO A6-8530B, AMD A6-8500P, AMD A8-3500M APU, Intel Core i3-2120T, Intel i5-4250u, 
002700    AMD Embedded GX-420GI (FP4 15W), AMD PRO A6-9500B, AMD GX-415GA, AMD A4-6210 APU, Intel i3-5005U, 
002600    AMD A6-9225, AMD A8-4555M APU, AMD A4-5000 APU (FT3 15W), AMD A6-9220, AMD A6-3420M APU,  
002450    Intel Celeron 2950M, Intel Pentium N3700, Intel Core i3-2350M, Allwinner A523 (8 A55), BCM2711 Pi4, 
002400    Intel Celeron N3150, Intel Core i3-2330M, Intel Xeon W3505, AMD A6-9210, Allwinner H618 (4 A53), 
002300    Intel Celeron N3350, AMD A4-9120, AMD A4-9125, Intel Core i3-2310M, Intel Celeron 3865U, 
002200    AMD A9-9420e, AMD A6-5350M APU, AMD E2-6110 APU, AMD E2-9000e, Celeron N4500, Intel N3710, 
002000    AMD GX-412HC, AMD A4-4300M APU, AMD A6 PRO-7050B APU, AMD A6-4400M APU, AMD A6-7000, 
001925    Intel Core2 Duo E6700, Intel Pentium Extreme Edition 965, Intel Core i3-370M, Celeron N4020, 
001750    Intel Core i3-2365M 2375M, AMD A4-9120C, Intel Core2 Duo T8300, Qualcomm MSM8939, 
001600    AMD GX-222GC (BGA769 FT3b 15W), AMD A4-9120e, AMD Embedded GX-215JJ, AMD A4-4355M APU,
001550    Intel Core2 Duo SL9400 T7600 T6600, AMD E2-3200, AMD A6-9220e, Mediatek MT8783, AMD E2-3800, 
001520    Intel Celeron N4000, 


001500    AMD GX-218GL SOC, AMD A6-4455M, AMD A4-5150M APU, ARM A55 RK3566 (4c 3W), Intel Core2 Duo T8100, 
001400    AMD GX-217GA SOC, ARM Cortex-A53 4c4t H700, AMD A4-3300M APU, Allwinner A133P A64 (4 A53), 
001300    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-64 TL-62, Intel Core2 Duo T7300, Intel Core2 Duo T5600, AMD RX-216TD, 
001250    AMD GX-412TC SOC, AMD A4-3320M APU, AMD Athlon 64 X2 QL-66, Intel Core2 Duo T7200, BCM2837 Pi3, 
001200    AMD Athlon 64 X2 2c TK-57,  AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-60 RM-74, AMD E1-2500, AMD E2-7015, 
001150    Intel Core2 Duo T5550, Intel Core2 Duo L7500, AMD E2-3000M APU, ARM A35 RK3266, AMD E2-7110, 
001100    Intel Core2 Duo T5300, AMD Athlon 64 X2 3800, Intel Core2 Duo E4300, Mediatek MT8127, 
001050    AMD E1-6010 APU, Intel Pentium T4300, Intel Celeron N2840, 
001050    AMD Athlon 64 FX-57, AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core TK-55, AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-52
001000    Intel Core2 Duo T5500, Intel Core2 Duo L7300, Intel Core2 Duo SU9400, Intel Celeron 3215U,  
000950    AMD G-T56N, AMD Athlon 64 3100+, AMD E2-2000 APU, QorIQ T1042 quad-core,  
000950    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-50, AMD E1-2200 APU, Intel Celeron U3400,     
000925    AMD TurionX2 Dual Core Mobile RM-72, AMD Sempron 140
000920    Intel Celeron SU2300, Intel Core2 Duo T5200, AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-56
000890    AMD E2-1800 APU, AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58
000880    AMD G-T56E, AMD G-T48E, 
000860    AMD E-450 APU, AMD E-350 APU, AMD Athlon LE-1620     
000820    AMD A4-1250 APU, AMD Athlon LE-1600, 
000810    AMD E1-2100 APU, Intel Core Duo T2500, 
000810    Intel Atom D510, Intel Core2 Duo U7500, 
000800    AMD Geode NX 2400+, AMD Turion 64 Mobile ML-42, AMD Athlon II Neo K325, 
000760    AMD V140, AMD E1-1200 APU, AMD Athlon 64 3300+, 
000730    Intel Core Duo T2400, AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-38, AMD Sempron 3600+,  
000700    Intel Core2 Duo U7600 U7700, AMD Sempron LE-1200, AMD V120 
000680    AMD GX-212JC SOC, AMD E-300 APU, AMD A4-1200 APU, BCM2386 Pi2B, 


000670    AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-36 ML-37 ML-40, Mobile AMD Sempron 3800+
000640    Intel Atom N2600, Intel Atom N570, Mobile AMD Athlon 64 3200+
000640    Intel Core Duo T2300, Intel Core Duo T2050,     
000630    VIA Eden X2 U4200, AMD Sempron LE-1100, AMD Sempron 3100+ 3600+, 
000620    AMD C-70 C70 APU, Intel Atom 330, AMD G-T40N, AMD Athlon Neo MV-40, 
000610    Intel Core2 Duo U7300, AMD Athlon II Neo K125 K145,    
000600    Intel Atom N550, Intel Pentium 4, AMD Athlon 64 2800+,   
000580    AMD C-60 C60, AMD G-T40E, AMD Sempron LE-1250
000530    AMD C-50 C50, Intel Celeron M 723, AMD Sempron 210U, 
000490    AMD GX-210JA SOC, PowerPC 970 G5 IBM's 970 server CPU (2c), QorIQ T1022
000470    Mobile AMD Sempron 3500+, Mobile AMD Athlon XP-M 2200+, 
000460    AMD Athlon XP 2500+, AMD Sempron 3500+, Mobile Intel Pentium 4, 
000440    Intel Atom D425, Intel Atom N470, POWER 4 PPC, 
000410    Intel Pentium M, Intel Celeron M, AMD Sempron 2300+
000400    Intel Atom N450, AMD Sempron 2400+, 
000340    Intel Atom D410, AMD G-T52R, AMD C-30, AMD Sempron 2200+ 
000330    Intel Atom N455, Intel Atom N280, Intel Atom N270 (1c1t 2W), Intel P3, 
000320    Freescale NXP QorIQ P1022 
000310    PowerPC G4 7447 1Ghz (1c1t 15W), PPC440 core, 
000230    PowerPC PPC G3/PPC 750, PS3 Cell 1c PPE, 
000160    Pentium II, Motorola 68060 
000110    Pentium, MIPS R4000
000080    Intel 80486, Motorola 68030, 
000040    Intel 80386, 
000030    Motorola 68020
000008    Motorola 68000 
&lt;/pre&gt;


=== Recommended hardware (32-bit) ===

[[#top|...to the top]]

Recommended hardware is hardware that has been tested with latest release of AROS and is relatively easy to purchase second hand (ie. ebay). This hardware also comes with commitment that compatibility will be maintained with each future release.

If in future decision will be made to drop any of the recommended hardware from the list (for example due to it no longer being available for purchase), such hardware will move to list of legacy supported systems and will have an indicated end of life date so that users have time to switch to other hardware.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
| &lt;!--OK--&gt;{{Yes|'''Works well'''}} || &lt;!--Not working--&gt;{{No|'''Does not work'''}} || &lt;!--Not applicable--&gt;{{N/A|'''N/A not applicable'''}}
|-
|}

==== Virtual Hardware ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| VirtualBox 7.x (Other/Unknown template) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|PCNET32&lt;br/&gt;E1000}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| VMware 16+ (Other32 template) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|SB128}} || {{Yes|PCNET32}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| QEMU 8.x (&quot;pc&quot; and &quot;q35&quot; machines) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|SB128}} || {{Yes|PCNET32}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

==== Laptops ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ACER Aspire One ZG5 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || {{Yes|ATHEROS}}  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Dell Latitude D520 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|BCM4400}} || {{No|}}  || {{Yes|Atheros AR5BXB63}} || * select Intel Core 2 64-bit version, not Celeron 32-bit version &lt;br/&gt; * replace WiFi card to get wireless working
|-
|}

==== Desktop Systems ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Fujitsu Futro S720 || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE || NOT APPLICABLE || * no 2D/3D acceleration&lt;br/&gt; * use USB ports at back
|-
|}

==== Motherboards ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ASUS P8Z68V LX || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770T UD3/UD3P || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
| ASUS M2N68-AM SE2 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|NVIDIA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|NVNET}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * connecting a disk via SATA connector is not supported at this time &lt;br/&gt; * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
|}

==== Legacy supported hardware ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |EOL
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Comments
|-
| iMica || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || 2026-12-31 || 
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770 UD3 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || 2026-12-31 || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
|}

=== Recommended hardware (64-bit) ===

[[#top|...to the top]]

Recommended hardware is hardware that has been tested with latest release of AROS and is relatively easy to purchase second hand (ie. ebay). This hardware also comes with commitment that compatibility will be maintained with each future release.

==== Virtual Hardware ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| VirtualBox 7.x (Other/Unknown (64-bit) template) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|PCNET32&lt;br/&gt;E1000}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || * No accelerated 3D support
|-
| VMware 16+ (Other64 template) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|SB128}} || {{Yes|E1000}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || * No accelerated 3D support
|-
| QEMU 8.x (&quot;pc&quot; and &quot;q35&quot; machines) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|SB128}} || {{Yes|PCNET32}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || * No accelerated 3D support
|-
|}

==== Motherboards ====

AROS 64-bit will work on most of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGA_1155 LGA 1155] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGA_1150 LGA 1150] boards. It will also work with newer hardware - see complete HCL list above.

Boards below are '''certified'''. If you can't get the exact board, try a variant of that board with the same chipset.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ASUS P8Z68V LX&lt;br&gt;ASUS P8Z68-M PRO || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce GTX 7xx/9xx}} || * add external PCIe video card for better performance 
|-
| ASUS H81M-K || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} 
|NOT APPLICABLE|| {{Yes|GeForce GTX 7xx/9xx}} 
|* add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-H81M-S2V || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} 
|NOT APPLICABLE|| {{Yes|GeForce GTX 7xx/9xx}} 
|* add external PCIe video card for better performance
|}

==References==

[[#top|...to the top]]

{{reflist}}
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>30su46td95dqlijii56c9gymwh1p1ca</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679050</id>
      <parentid>4679048</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T16:39:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679050</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="513667" sha1="33bxhw6aqcnzr8x8i68evpa1t74pq9s" xml:space="preserve">{{ArosNav}}


==Introduction==

This a list of computer hardware tested with mostly native AROS installs and, in the recommended sections, of virtual machines

With 64bit support it is recommended 8Gb ram is needed and that SSE 4.1 and AVX are supported in the CPU i.e. from year 2012 for Intel CPUs and 2013 for AMD CPUs. They are x86-64 instruction sets designed to perform the same operations on multiple data items simultaneously, a technique known as Single Instruction, Multiple Data (SIMD). This allows for increased performance in tasks involving parallel computation. SSE 4.1 is a 128-bit SIMD instruction set, while AVX introduced 256-bit SIMD, further enhancing performance. Some apps require these features to run well, like 3D, multimedia decoding or JIT (javascript) in Odyssey web browser. If not the apps may work slower or might fail. 

If you have encountered differently (i.e. problems, incompatibilities, faults, annoyances, environment, errors, review of setup etc) please update this information. 
Please bear in mind that AROS has only a few hardware driver developers, whilst Linux counts in the tens and Windows in the hundreds. 


[[#Laptops]]
[[#Netbook]]
[[#Desktop Systems]]

[[#AMD Sockets]]
[[#Intel Sockets]]

[[#Recommended hardware (32-bit)]]
[[#Recommended hardware (64-bit)]]


=== Laptops ===

[[#top|...to the top]]


* 2006/2007 Dell Latitude D-series laptops - business class machines, good support in Aros, easy to replace wifi card 
* 2006 some [https://www.techradar.com/reviews/pc-mac/laptops-portable-pcs/laptops-and-netbooks/toshiba-satellite-pro-a200-28550/review Satellite Pro A200] 
* 2008 For the tiny carry anywhere, the early run of Acer Aspire netbooks 


Rough estimate from taking a random laptop notebook what you can expect from a Native install of AROS 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Date 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Overall 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx VESA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx 2D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx 3D Acceleration 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Before 2002 || Poor to OK || VESA 90% || 2D 10% || {{N/A}} || Audio 10% || 40% || Wired 70% || 2% || Max RAM 512MB 
|-
| 2002-2005 || OK || VESA 95% || 2D 10% || 3D 0% || Audio 30% || 70% || Wired 50% || 10% || Max RAM 2GB (for 32bit) 
|-
| 2005-2012 || Good || VESA 98% || 2D 60% || 3D 30% || Audio 40% || 80% || Wired 30% || 10% || Max RAM 3Gb (32bit) to 8GB (64bit) 
|-
| 2013-2017 || OK || VESA 98% || 2D 60% || 3D 30% || Audio 30% || 60% || Wired 30% Realtek || 0% || Max RAM 8GB / 16GB better to go Intel / AMD Ryzen over AMD A series 
|-
| 2018-2024 || OK || VESA 98% || 2D 30% || 3D 30% || Audio 40% || 50% || Wired 30% Realtek || 0% || Max RAM 32GB better 64bit options 
|-
| 2025-202x || Poor || VESA 95% || 2D 10% || 3D 10% || Audio 0% || 30% || Wired 10% || 0% || Max RAM 64GB AI disruption of previous hardware 
|-
|}


3D tests now conducted with apps found in Demos/AROS/Mesa and run at default size (may need to View As -&gt; Show All to see them. 

 Any laptop with Windows 7(TM) 64bit or higher install, the bios and hard drive set in uefi/gpt mode (install of AROS incompatible) 

Most vendor suppliers get OEM (original equipment manufacturers) to make their laptops. These brand name companies purchase their laptops from 
*80% ODM (Original Design Manufacturer) such as Quanta, Compal, Wistron, Inventec, Foxconn (Hon Hai), Flextronics and Asus (now Pegatron) 
*20% MiTAC, FIC, Arima, Uniwill, ECS, Tonfang Origin and Clevo 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
| &lt;!--OK--&gt;{{Yes|'''Works well'''}} || &lt;!--May work--&gt;{{Maybe|'''Works a little'''}} || &lt;!--Not working--&gt;{{No|'''Does not work'''}} || &lt;!--Not applicable--&gt;{{N/A|'''N/A not applicable'''}}
|-
|}


====Acer/Gateway/Emachines====

Company founded under the name of Multitech in Taiwan in 1976, renamed to Acer or Acer Group in 1987

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Packard Bell 
Aspire 
Extensa 
TimeLine
Travelmate 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Travelmate 505 506 507 508 Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P2 Celeron 466Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neo Magic Magic Graph 128XD (NM2160)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Crystal CS}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 minimal support but no audio etc - 506T, 506DX, 507T, 507DX, 508T 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 340 342 343 345 347 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ALi M1621 with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber 9525 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1969 Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ALi OHCI USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;a few have Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2000 32bit - 340T, 341T, 342T, 342TV, 343TV, 345T, 347TV 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 350 351 352 353 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali with piii || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Trident Cyber Blade DSTN/Ai1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ali5451}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 1.1 Ali M5237 OHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Acer InviLink IEEE 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit very limited support but no support for PCMCIA O2 Micro OZ6933 - 350T, 351TEV, 352TEV, 353TEV 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 610 series 611 612 613 614 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;815 P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 82815 cgc || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 pro || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit - 610TXVi 610T 611TXV 612TX 613TXC 
|-
| Aspire 3003LM || SIS AMD 3000 1.8GHz || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SIS AGP M760GX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 SIS codec}} || 3 USB 2.0 || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4318 AirForce One 54g}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 sempron 
|-
| Travelmate 2310 Series ZL6 || Intel Celeron M 360 1.4GHz with SiS 661MX || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SiS Mirage M661MX (VESA only)}} || {{yes|SIS SI7012 AC97 with realtek ALC203 codec speakers only}} ||  || {{yes|SIS900}} || {{N/A|LM version has pci card slot but no antenna}} || 2017 Icaros 2.1.1 || 2004 32bit - No USB boot option but boot from DVD - reports of wifi losing connection (isolate/remove the metallic grounding foil ends of the antennas) - 2312LM_L - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3000 3002LMi 3500 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD CPU W-with SIS M760 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;SIS 760 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;SIS 900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4318 swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3050 5020 5050 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Single and Turion MK-36 Dual and RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - RS482M Xpress 1100 or RS485M Xpress 1150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek ALC883 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5006G or Broadcom BCM 4318 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit MK36 gets very hot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2410 2420 2430 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel Mobile 915GMS 910GML || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 ICH6 with ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL-8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005GS || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 2428AWXMi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 3610 - WISTRON MORAR 3614WLMI || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|[http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=644066&amp;postcount=13 AC97]}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139 8139C+}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5001X+, AR5BMB5 or Broadcom 4318}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit with good support [http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?p=6205188#post6205188 wifi issues] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2480 series 2483 WXMi (HannStar J MV4 94V) 2483NWXCi Aspire 3680, 3690 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML i943 with Celeron 430 1.77GHz - 14.1&quot; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D openGL 1.x - Tunnel 181 gearbox 104 scores}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC883 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038 yukon sky2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 5k AR5005G AR5BMB5 mini pci}} suspect laptop hardware issues || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Works well shame about the internet options - noisy fan - poor battery life - no boot option for TI based mass storage sd card - Max 2GB memory - LCD Inverter Board IV12090/T-LF - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TravelMate 2490 series 2492WXMi || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 945 2D and 3D tunnel 164 gearbox 105}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5005GS suspect hardware issue}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - 15inch screen - strange curved up at ends keyboard style - overall plastic construction - Atheros AR5005G(s) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gateway ML6227B MA7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz with 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM 2D and 3D tunnel 169 gearbox 132}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDA Intel with STAC9250 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8038}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|8187L but swap ath5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 15.4 ultrabrite widescreen - Wifi Switch on side Fn/F2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5630-6796 6288 BL50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5200 T5500 Intel® Core™2 Duo T7200 T7400 T7600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® GMA 950 with S-Video out with 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio with ALC883? codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945abg swap for Atheros 5K}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny AROS || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 - 64bit 39.1 cm (15.4&quot; 1280 x 800) - 2 DDR2-SDRAM slots max 4GB - green mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 5633WMLI BL51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5500 with Intel® 945PM/GM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia Go 7300 with 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Tiny Aros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64 bit dual core2 - 15.4 WXGA screen - ddr2 max 4gb - OrbiCam no support - ENE chipset SD card - blue mobo?? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 9410 9420 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core Duo with 945PM Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D NVIDIA GeForce Go 7300 - 128 MB VRAM G72M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 8111 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG but could swap with atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 17in TFT 1,440 x 900 WXGA+ - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eMachines E510 series KAL10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M 560 2.13Ghz with PM965  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel x3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5906M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G AR5BXB63 bios issue??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit very budget machine with InsydeH20 bios and F10 boot menu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ACER Aspire 5920 [http://tim.id.au/laptops/acer/aspire%205920g.pdf 5920G] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa Core 2 Duo T7300 T7500 later T9300 with GM965 and PM965(G) Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for X3100M or 8600M GS (rev a1) 9500M GT 256MB vram (G) but some AMD/ATI RV635 M86 HD 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with realtek alc268, [https://forums.opensuse.org/t/no-sound-on-acer-aspire-5920g/32392 ALC883] or Realtek ALC1200 / alc888s codec ICH8}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Intel 3945ABG 4965 or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwood test iso 2023-01 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit boot with 'noacpi' or 'noioapic' - 15.4in 1280 x 800 pixels 16:10 - BMW Designworks ‘Gemstone’ design - over 3.0kg with options for 8-cell or 6-cell batteries - 2 SODIMM DDR2 667MT/s max 4GB - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer A0521 Ao721 || Athlon II Neo K125 + AMD M880G || {{N/A}} || {{maybe| }} || {{maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4225 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Conexant}} || {{Maybe| }} || {{no|AR8152 l1c}} || {{unk|AR9285 ath9k}} || AspireOS 1.7 || 2006 64bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Extensa 5630Z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T6600 with Intel GL40 Express || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 4500M HD (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|Broadcom BCM 5764M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{No|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit 
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 5250 series 5253 BZ400 BZ602 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA 2D for AMD HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDaudio for codec Conexant CX20584}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8151}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k AR5B97}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5 V5-121 V5121 AO725 One 725 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C-70 C70 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|VESA for AMD 6290G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire V5-122P MS2377 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;C-70 C70 with M55, AMD A4-1250 or A6 1450 up to 1.4Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8210 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|FCH USB EHCI OHCI}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 but LAN/VGA Combo Port Cable (AK.LAVGCA 001) or MiniCP port to Acer Converter Cable (Mini CP to VGA/LAN/USB) (NP.OTH11 00C) needed}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros 9k AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit but no sse4 or avx - 26w battery internal, extension possible - 11.6in 1366 x 768 ips touchscreen - 7mm hd ssd - 2gb ddr3l soldered with 1 slot free max 4GB - bios hacking needed for virtualisation - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell EasyNote TE69 TE69KB 522 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow E1-2500, E2-3800 2c2t Dual or A4-5000 4c4t Quad both soldered BGA769 (FT3) on Hudson-2 FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Use IDE mode}} setting AHCI to IDE mode - boots if UEFI set to Legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for ATI Radeon 8120 8240, 8320, 8330 or 8280 islands}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio with ALC282 0x10ec, 0x0282 codec but not HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Bios, Boot, set Boot mode to Legacy, nothing from USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8171 AR8175 or Broadcom BCM57780}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9565 0x1969 0x10a1}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon and AROS One 1.6 usb || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit with sse4.1 and AVX - 15.6in washed out screen big netbook - Boots with noacpi after using F2 to enter EFI firmware and f12 boot device - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 16Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASPIRE Acer Aspire ES1-520 521 522 Series N15C4 ES1-523 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD AMD E1-7010, A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA for RADEON R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Realtek ALC 233 or CX20752 HD AUDIO CODEC}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8151 Gigabit or Broadcom 590x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8187 or 8812BU}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit with sse4.1 and AVX - 2 ddr3l slots - keyboard connected to top case - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire V15 NITRO Black edition || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 860M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Predator 15 (G9-591-)  (G9-593-72VT) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-6700HQ || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 960M to 980M, GTX 1060 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek ALC255 @ Intel Sunrise Point PCH High Definition Audio Controller}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Nitro 5 an515-42 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2500u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD rx560x  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;aspire 3 A315-41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2500u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;swift 3 sf315-41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2500u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire 3 A315-23 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3020e, r3 3200u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 3, 5 A515-44-R0ZN || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 4500u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14in or 15.6&quot; 1080p - 19v round charging - [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vr0tC3QJWxk repair], 4gb soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Swift 3 SF314-42 series N19C4 , Swift SF315-4 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 4500U, 7 4700U|| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 1080p - small round ac 19v 3.42A or usb-c - mobo FH4FR LA-J731P - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Swift 3 SF314-43, Swift SF315-41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 1080p - small round ac or usb-c - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 5 A515-45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;r7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - asus round ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire 5 A515-47 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ryzen 5 5625U,  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - asus round ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L8400-K Medion MD9467 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel desktop 850MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;S3 Savage MX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS allegro 1988}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus L2000 L2400 L2D Series Medion 9675 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 4 mobile || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use vesa sis630 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|sis7018}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;sis900 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;x51R X51RL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Duo T2250 T2330 with RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200M]}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|boots and detects}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL-8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5006EG AR5111 ath5k AzureWave AW-GE780 - could be ATI Chipset}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2, deadwood 2021,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 15.4 WXGA - 19v barrel - ESC boot select - F2 bios - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus R2H Ultra Mobile PC UMPC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron 900Mhz 910GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8101e || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jm4fOrqyj3g boots] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A3 series A3F Ergo Ensis 211 RM || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P-M 1.6GHz to Core Duo with 950 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 ALC655 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100CL 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Z33  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC880 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 2915ABG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Z33A Z33AE N5M N5A 
|-
| Z70A Z70V Z70Va M6A z7000 z7000a || i915 + ICH6 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|mobile 915GML}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ICH6 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001}} || {{no|Intel PRO 2200BG Fn / F2}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2005 32bit 
|-
| [http://www.progweb.com/en/2010/09/linux-sur-un-portable-asus-a6jm/ A6jm] A6JC || 945GM || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia GeForce Go 7600 G70}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8111 8168B}} || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || Icaros  1.2.4 || 2006 32bit only 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;F3Jc || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;G72M Quadro NVS 110M, GeForce Go 7300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;D audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8169 8111 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X50GL F5GL || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;T5800 with 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2d - Nvidia 8200M G84 runs hot}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio MCP79 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR5B91 AW-NE77}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit not much support no display with nouveau - 19v barrel - ddr2 max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS G50 &amp; G51 series G50V G50Vt G51V G51VX G51J G51Jx G50VT X1 X5 ROG || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD64 with MCP71 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia GeForce 9800M GS (G94M) up to GT200 [GeForce GTX 260M] (G92M) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros L1C atl1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit not all GPUs are failing but a much higher % failing early, 8x00 and 9x00 G84, G86, G92, G94, and G96 series chips dying - ddr2 max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M50V M50 series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core 2 Duo P8400 or T9400 with Intel PM45 ICH9 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|BIOS set to compatibility IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 9600M GS or 9650M GT || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC663 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Intel 5100 or Atheros AR928X}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.0 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 15.40 inch 16:10, 1680 x 1050 glossy - the &quot;Infusion&quot; design - heavy 3kg - ddr2 ram max 4gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series F9 F9E F9dc F9f F9j F9s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC660 playback}}  || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|works}}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 }}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|intel 3495 not working}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.41 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - ddr2 max 4gb - 
|-
| P52F SO006X || i3-370M || IDE || SATA || {{yes|nVidia G92 [GeForce 9800 GT] (2D)}} || {{no|Intel HD Audio}} || {{yes|2 USB2.0}} || {{no|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 (l1e)}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2010 64bit - ddr3 slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
* X53U MB Ver K53U or K52U Asus K53U MB Ver K53U
* A53U XT2 X53B MB ver: K53BY (compal) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow atom like speed E-350 (2011), E-450 (2011) on AMD M780G, much slower C-50 C50 (2012), C-60 C60 on the AMD A50M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi 6310M, 6320M later 6250M or 6290M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with alc269 codec Altec Lansing® Speakers}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros half height ar9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.2 and 2018 AROS One 1.6 USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 5200 or 7800 mAh battery covers ASUS K53S K53E X54C X53S K84L X53SV X54HR K53F X53U laptops - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus K53T, Asus A53Z X53Z
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3305M on AMD M780G, A6-3420M dark brown plastic build || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 6520G, 7670M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|3 x USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 with RTL8111 phy}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros half height}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 15.6in 1368 x 768 dull 50% srgb screen - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 2 DDR3L slots max 8Gb - 19v barrel 5.5 / 2.5 mm - Altec Lansing® Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X55U X401U X501U 1225B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow C-60 C60, C-70 C70 or E1 1200 E2 1800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6290G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk| Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 -  11.6&quot; display - ram soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A43TA A53TA K53TA XE2 A73T || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A4-3300M, A6 3400M (laptop chip) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Set IN Bios IDE MODE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon HD 6520G Integrated + HD 6470M (1GB GDDR3)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - f2 bios setup, esc boot drive - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X102BA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Llano E1 1200 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|ide bios setting}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 8180 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk| Qualcomm Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 10.1” Touchscreen - special asus 45w ac adapter - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;K55N, K75DE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD a6 4400M A8 4500M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 7640G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC codec none through ATi Trinity HDMI || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk| Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 17.3-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X452EA X552EA F552E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E1 2100 or A4 5000M A8 4500M A10 4600M with A || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for AMD ATI Sun XT Radeon HD 8330 8670A 8670M 8690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD FCH Azalia rev 02 with ALC898 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{{Yes|Realtek RTL8111 8168 8411}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit may support avx kabini trinity - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG G751GY || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-4720HQ || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 980M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG G752VY || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-6700HQ || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 980M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555Y || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-7210 A8-7410 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 Realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }}Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-colored plastic - internal battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555B X555DG X555S X555U X555YI X555LAB || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i5-4210U to  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio  with coxenant and realtek alc codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }}Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-colored plastic - internal battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus X555D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - silver-coloured plastic - internal battery - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS X555Q || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Bristol Ridge A10-9600P 7th Gen, A12-9720p || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|R5 + Radeon™ R6 M435DX Dual Graphics with VRAM GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8821AE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - FHD 15.6 1920x1080 - 37W battery internal - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr3 slot - internal battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M509ba  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A9-9425  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2.5&quot; and mSATA form factors using SATA Rev 3.0 interface}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for RADEON R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 16Gb - 19VDC 2.37A Max 45W 4.0mm x 1.35mm - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ExpertBook P1410, ASUS ExpertBook P1 P1510CD, Expertbook Y1511CD || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3200U, Ryzen 5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for AMD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 14in or 15.6in 768p to 1080p - keyboard swap problematic - 19V 3.42A asus barrel connector 4.0MM X 1.35MM 4phi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUSTeK ASUS EXPERTBOOK L1 L1400CDA, L1500CDA - 19v 3.42a 4.5phi Barrel with centre pin Outer 4.5mm Inner 3mm asus special untested EXA1203XH, EXA1203YH, EXA1208UH, PA-1650-30, PA-1650-78, PA-1650-93, ADP-65GD B, ADP-65DW B (Euro) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' Ryzen 5 3500U - '''untested''' Ryzen 3 3200U, 3250U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1 Nvme m.2 slot will not boot with sata3 m.2, optional 1 sata hdd with ribbon cable, no dvd drive}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for AMD vega 3, 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio 0x15de 0x15e3 with ALC256 codec 0x10ec 0x0256}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 1 usb-c and 3 usb-a }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;3500U with AROS One 64bit 1.2 usb installed to m.2 sata on another machine || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit 14in or 15.6in 1080p - keyboard swap problematic - up to 8Gb ddr4 sodimm soldered on board and 1 slot - micro sd card slot on some models  - 42Whr B31N1915 C31N1915 C31N2204 - hold down F2 and press power for bios setup - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


==== Dell ====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Studio 
Inspiron 
Vostro 
XPS
Alienware  
Precision 
Latitude 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude CP 233GT, CPi d233xt d266xt D300XT a366xt, CPt S400GT S500GT S550GT S600GT S700ST, CPt C333GT C400GT || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Neo magic Magic Media 2160 2360 256ZX || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|crystal pnp 4237b or magic media 256zx sound nm2360}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit Low-Density 16-chip 144p 144-pin 32Mx64 3.3V SODIMM - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude CPx H450GT H500GT H Series, CPt V433GT V466GT V600, Inspiron 5000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX with Pentium 3M (CPx) or Celeron (CPt) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use Vesa - ATi Rage Pro Mobility M1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1978 Maestro 2E Canyon 3D}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|1 slot 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit - 3 pin PA-6 PA6 power adapter plug - CDROM DVD Cxxx family media bay accessories untested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C500 C600 (Quanta TM6) Inspiron 4000 7500, CPx J Series || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440BX ZX/DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage 128Pro Mobility M3 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ES1983S Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 1.1 only}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A|some models had mini pci e100}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|a few came with internal antenna wiring}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1999 square 3 pin charger PA9 PA-9 - C/Dock II untested - C/Port untested - Parallel to Floppy cable untested - CPx J600GT J650GT J700GT J750GT J800GT J850GT 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C510 C610 Insprion 4100 PP01L 2600 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i830 and 1GHz+ P3-M ||  &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA - ATI Radeon Mobility M6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 CS4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|3Com Etherlink}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|internal antenna wiring for an Atheros mini pci card}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 poor build quality - hard to find in good working order 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 830 CGC}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 Crystal 4205}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|3Com 3c905C TX/TX-M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2000 Slim for the time - no media bays 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude C640 (Quanta TM8) C840 Inspiron 8k2 8200 i8200 precision m50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M with 845EP || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA if ATi - use nouveau if 64mb Nvidia Gforce 4 440 Go  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS4205 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;3com 905c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 C640 had one fan so was noisy and hot - C840 had 2 fans and ran slightly cooler but fan noise louder
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Latitude D400 || P-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 ide}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|VESA only}} || {{yes|AC97 Audio playback only}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || {{maybe|PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{no|BCM4318 AirForce one 54g replace with atheros 5k mini pci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit might boot from USB stick but won't boot from USB-DVD - no sd card slot - power plug style - 
|-
| Latitude D500 / D505 PP10L, Inspiron 510m 
|| 855GME 
* revA00
* revA03
* revA06
| {{yes|IDE but needs the Dell adapter}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with IDT STAC 9750 codec playback head phones only}} || {{maybe| }} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 but exchange with atheros g in panel on laptop bottom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || 2003 - 14 / 15 inch XGA 4:3 screen - plastic build - no sd card slot - boots from bay optical drive - not powering on/off with ac adapter is a [http://www.geekzone.co.nz/forums.asp?forumid=37&amp;topicid=30585 mobo fault of PC13 SMT 1206 ceramic cap hot] suggest [http://www.die4laser.com/D505fix/ 0.1uF 50V instead] - pc2700 333Mhz ram 1Gb max - 
|-
| Latitude D505 (some) || VIA VT8237 VX700 || {{yes|IDE}} ||  || {{partial|VESA 2d on ATI RV350 Radeon 9550}} || {{no|VIA AC97 with  codec}} || {{maybe|VIA USB glitchy}} || {{yes|VIA VT6102 Rhine-II}} || {{no|Intel 2200g Calexico2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || 2003 32bit little support - diagnostics pressing holding the Fn key, press the Power ON button (battery removed). Check the LEDs pattern - cmos battery behind flap in laptop battery slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA SIS}}  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 SIS with AD1981B codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|SIS 900 but}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit [https://forum.level1techs.com/t/my-time-with-icaros-desktop-and-what-i-am-doing-as-a-dev-contributor-also-some-other-shit/113358 aremis using it]
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1100 PP07L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;845 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 845G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC'97 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 8500 5150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4 855GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia 5200 Go - VESA if intel gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|MCP AC97 with SigmaTel 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4306 rev 02 use Atheros Mini PCI}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit P4 runs well but hot 
|-
| Latitude X300 PP04S small, slim and light case 
|| 855GME 
* revA00 Intel ULV 1.2 Ghz
* revA01 Intel ULV 1.4Ghz 
| {{yes|IDE internal and will boot cd/dvd through dock PR04S}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|855GM Gfx (VESA only)}} || {{Yes|Intel AC97 with STAC 97xx codec but no audio out of the dock}} || {{maybe|works but dock usb ports and usb DVD PD01S not detected}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5705M gigabit}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4306 later intel - replace with atheros in the underside}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1, 2020 AROS One 1.6 usb,  || 2003 12.1&quot; 1024 x 768 - 19.5v PA-10 or PA-12 dell - ACPI works but bad s3 ram suspend sleep - no sd card boot - 1Gb max sodimm ddr 2700 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) PP05L - 600m 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 
* reva00
* revA01 
* revA02 
* revA03 
* revA04 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATI Radeon RV250 Mobility FireGL 9000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 -  STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2100 or Broadcom BCM4306 - swap for Atheros panel in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2011 Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1 and 2016 2.1.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14inch using pc2100 memory with Caps light blinking is usually a memory error - Dell D505 D600 power up pressing the case docking port - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D600 (Quanta JM2) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82855 PM i855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only vidia NV28 GeForce4 Ti 4200 Go 5200 Go 5650 Go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 - STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5705}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306 mini pci - swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.3 and [http://www.amiga.org/forums/archive/index.php/t-62187.html 1.4.1] || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 32bit 14&quot; - solder joints on the bios chip (press down f7/f8 keys) - RAM clean with eraser - memory cover plate maybe apply some pressure - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 (Compal LA-1901) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - trackpoint type pointing device - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D800 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 570x || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4309 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 15inch 39cm
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1200 2200 PP10S Latitude 110L m350 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA900 (2D and 3D openGL 1.x) Gearbox 56}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|BroadCom BCM4318 - swap for Atheros mini PCI in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 single core 32bit 14&quot; 4:3 1024 768 XGA screen - heavy 6 lbs - PA16 barrel 19V 3.16A AC adapter - battery life 4cell 29WHr lasts 2 hours - 256mb soldered with 1 ddr pc2100 sodimm 1gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1300 business B130 home PP21L Latitude 120L B120 by Compal - Inspiron 630m || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron M360 1.4GHz, M370 1.50 GHz, M380 1.73GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|boots cd or DVD and installs to HDisk}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D openGL 1.x tunnel 172 gearbox 70}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|works but waiting boot fail with AROS One usb version}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom 440x}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|intel 2200 or BCM4318 swap for Atheros mini pci underside - one antenna lead for main wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.2, 2020 AROS One 1.6 usb,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit single core - 14.1″ XGA 4:3 or 15.4&quot; WXGA wide 1280 x 800 matte - ddr2 sodimm ram 2gb max - PA-16 19v psu tip 7.4mm * 5mm - f10 boot select f1 f2 bios 
|-
| Latitude X1 PP05S || PP-M GMA915 rev A00 1.1GHz non-pae || {{yes|ide 1.8in zif/ce under keyboard}} || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|Vesa for Intel 915GM}} || {{yes|AC97 6.6 playback only with STAC codec}} || {{maybe|USB 2.0 but partial boot to blank screen}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard palm rest - disassembly of all laptop}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd iso image virtualbox'd onto usb, Aros One 1.5 and 1.8 usb (2022) || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - sd slot not bootable - 256mb soldered to board and 1 sodimm max 1GB ddr2 under keyboard - F12 bios boot F2 - pa-17 pa17 19v octagonal psu port 
|-
| Latitude D410 PP06S 
*rev A00 
*A01, A02 
*A03 
|| GMA915 1.6GHz Pentium® M 730, 1.7GHz, 750 1.86GHz &amp; 760 2.0GHz, 770 2.13GHz || {{yes|caddy and adapter needed 2.5&quot; - remove hdd and write}} || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|Intel 915GM 2D and 3D OpenGL 1.3 tunnel 170 and gearbox 75}} || {{yes|AC97 playback only with STAC 9751 codec}} || {{maybe|works but will not boot from USB-DVD or AROS One 1.5 usb version}} || {{No|Broadcom 5751}} || {{no|Intel 2915ABG or later 2200BG - swap for Atheros mini pci under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2015 Icaros 1.4, 2016 2.1.1 and AROS One 1.5 usb,  || 2005 32bit 12.1&quot; 4:3 1024 x 768 - no sd card slot - PR06S dock base 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D510 (Quanta DM1) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM socket 479 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 STAC 975x}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG swap Atheros mini pci in base}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 14.1&quot; 32bit single core Intel Celeron M 1.6GHz Pentium M 730 1.73Ghz - squarish 3:2 - issues with 3rd party battery 4 quick flashes of red led with 1 final green 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) PP11L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;910GML 915GM with mobile 1.6 to 2.26ghz 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A0x 
* Rev A07 1.73Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 915 2D and 3D tunnel 174 gearbox 74}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 speaker head phones playback only with stac codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 2200BG or Broadcom mini pci under keyboard, swap wifi card for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - one dimm slot under keyboard and other in underside 2GB 533Mhz 667Mhz DDR2 max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D610 (Quanta JM5B) 0C4717 REV A05, 0K3879 REV.A00 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 no radeon 2d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci use Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; 1024 x 768 - very noisy clicky trackpad buttons - 19.5v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D810 (Quanta ) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - Ati X300 RV370 M22 later x600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 stereo playback only idt 9751 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{maybe|USB 2.0 but no boot from usb on 1.5}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG mini pci replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.1, aros one 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 15.4&quot; F12 one time boot menu - 19.5v 90w psu ideal - battery not same as later dx20 ones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6000 6400, E1505 PP20L 
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with PM 1.73Ghz, T2050 or T2060 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d - Ati 9700, x1300 RV515 M52, x1400 or nvidia go 7300 on mxm board}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio IDT 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|usb boot }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 3945 - swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1, AROS One 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit - 15.4 inch glossy - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots - broadcom bcm92045 bluetooth detected but no support - 19.5v dell psu socket - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspirion E1705 9200 9300 9400 PP12L PP14L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;proprietary Dell card/socket format Nvidia 6800, ati X300 or nVidia 7900GS gpu 3d corrupt || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481 increasing vertical lines issues] 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Studio XPS M1210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with Core Duo to intel C2D T5500, T7400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia G72M 7300 7400m || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92xx || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 - swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 slots max 4Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 1501 PP23LA Latitude 131L || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron 1.8GHz Turion MK-36 or X2 1.6Ghz TL-50 or TL-56 on ATI RS480 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA 2d - ATI 1150 (x300) RS482M Mobility Radeon Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with stac 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom bcm 4401}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bcm4311 replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit 15.4 inch matt 16:10 1280x800 WXGA -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 6400 (Quanta FM1)
*A00 Pentium M 
*A0? Core Duo  
*A08 Core2 Duo 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM945 with BGA479 (socket M) T2050 1.6Ghz, T2060 1.60Ghz, T2080 1.73Ghz much later T5500 1.66Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D and 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with IDT 92xx codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Broadcom BCM4401 B0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4311 swap for Atheros 5k mini pci-e under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;deadwood 2019-04-16 iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 mostly 32bit - 15.4&quot; glossy - sd card - front multimedia keys - dvd rw - generic dell keyboard - coin cr2032 bios battery under keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 640m PP19L XPS M140 e1405 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo T2050, T2300 Duo 1.83GHz T2400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM4401-B0 100Base || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or Broadcom 43xx, swap for Atheros 5k - Wireless Internet ON or OFF press the Function key + F2}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32 bit - 12.1 LCD CCFL WXGA 1280x800 up to 14.1 inch 16:10 1440x900 pixel, WXGA+ UltraSharp - supports also SSE3 on duos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D420 (Compal LA-3071P) PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 
* revA00 Solo 1.2Ghz ULV U1400
* revA01 Duo 1.06Ghz u2500
* revA02 Duo 1.2Ghz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|ZIF/CE 1.8&quot; slow under battery, ribbon cable}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - 2D and 3D opengl tunnel 138 gearbox 103}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92xx playback speakers head phones only)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 and external usb optical drive works}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 mini pcie - swap Atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros Desktop 1.4 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit only - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 - PR09S dock base rev02 DVD-RW usb boots - 1GB DDR2 2Rx16 max in base panel - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D520 PP17L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
* 64bit rev A01, A02 945GM Core2 Duo 1.83Ghz to 2.3Ghz 
* 32bit rev A00, A01 940GML Solo later Duo T2400 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| Philips SDR089, Philips CDD5263, TEAC DW224EV, Optiarc AD-5540A, HL-DL-ST GSAT21N, TSSTcorp TS-L632D}} || {{Yes|bios sata set to ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 series 2D and OpenGL1 3D tunnel 210 gearbox 153 teapot 27}} || {{Yes|HD audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || {{Yes|Boots and detects USB2.0}} || {{Yes|Broadcom 4400}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4312 BCM4321 Dell 1390 / 1490 mini pcie - easy to replace with atheros 5k in base panel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4 and 2.2 and both AROS One 1.8 and AROS One x64 1.1 USB boot || 2006 mostly 64bit 4:3 aspect ratio 14.1 (XGA 1024x768) or later 15 inches (XGA+ 1400 by 1050) - F2 enter bios F12 choose boot - 19.5v dell tip pa-12 charger - bios coin cell cr2032 battery socketed in base panel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 (Compal LA-2792) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 
* rev A00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* rev A0x all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D tunnel gearbox opengl1 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 mini pcie swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AspireOS Xenon || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit AROS capable with later revisions - 14&quot; 1280 x 800 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D620 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i945
* revA00 all Core Duo's 32 bit 
* revA01 all Core 2 Duo's 64 bit 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300, 7600 NVS 110M G72 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio with STAC 9200 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{dunno}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 1440x900 screen - LA-2792P Rev.2.0 - DT785 UC218 Fan/ Heatsink (64bit) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM6) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* rev A00 
* rev A01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D tunnel 195 - 100? gearbox 156}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with STAC 9200 playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 replace with mini pcie atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 widescreen 15 inch 1280 x 800 matte -  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D820 (Quanta JM) 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia NVS 110M 120M G72}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio STAC 9200}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|BCM4310 swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit 15.4 1650x1050 WXGA or WSXGA+ or 1920x1200 WUXGA - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude D531 15&quot; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Turion X2 TL56 or TL60 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Use VESA - ATi xpress X1270}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with IDT codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 57xx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Dell Wireless 1390, 1505 or BCM4311 mini pcie || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - no trackpoint - fails and goes wrong often - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D430 PP09S 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 with Core2 Duo C2D U7500 1.06GHz U7600 1.2GHz U7700 1.33GHz 
* rev A00 
* rev A01  
* rev A02 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;ZIF PATA IDE 1.8inch under battery and ribbon cable - slow use USB instead || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|945GML 2D and 3D opengl 1.x 171 tunnel 105 gearbox}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|STAC 92xx HD Audio speaker and ear phone - mono speaker}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5752}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 4965 AGN or 3945 ABG mini pci-e underside with Atheros 5k mini pci-e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit capable - sd card not supported - 19.5v PA12 power adapter - 12.1&quot; 1280x800 matte - f2 setup f5 diagnostics f12 boot list - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|nVidia Quadro NVS 135M 2D 3d glitches G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481] cool air intake from underneath needed with pa-10 or pa-3e 90w psu required - standard 4:3 ratio aspect screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 (Compal LA-3301P) PP18L 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 T7250 2.0Ghz T7300 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA X3100 (2D only, no external monitor)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio STAC 9205 but speaker and head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4312 swap with pci-e Atheros 5k under keyboard}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit possible - F12 to choose boot option - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - 4400mah 48Wh battery lasts 2 hours - 6600mah 73Wh lasts 3 hours - two wire cr2032 cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D630 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM965 + ICH8 
* revA00 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=6481] GPU heatpad, no copper 
* revA01 0DT785 heatsink 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|use VESA as nVidia NVS 135M 3d corrupts 0.7 tunnel 0.25 gearbox G86}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio with STAC 9205 head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5755M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG swap with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.5 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965GM with Core2 
* revA00 
* revA01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GM965 crestline 2d and 3d tunnel 115}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|replace with Atheros 5k mini pcie}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 15 inch 1280 x 900 but updating the LCD to WXGA or WSXGA+ could be better - 2 ddr2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude D830 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ICH8, Core2 DUO T7800 @ 2.60GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Intel ICH8M Serial ATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nVidia Quadro NVS 140M G86 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom NetXtreme 57xx Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Wireless 4965AGN swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 15.&quot; - FN,F2 or FN,F8 or FN,F12 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS M1710 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945PM with T2400 T2600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;proprietary Dell card socket format GTX 7950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 1000 or Broadcom BCM5752 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 17.3&quot; workstation type WXGA+ screen 1920x1200 - 2 ddr-2 667Mhz sodimm slots, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;XPS M1730 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 with T7200 T7600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 7950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with STAC 92XX codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 1000 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel swap with Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit 17&quot; workstation type WXGA+ screen manufactured by AU Optronics poor viewing angles, unevenly lit, light leakage, 2 ddr-2 800Mhz slots, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude E6410 P27LA, E6510 PP30LA, E6310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i5-520M to i7-620M i7 820QM but no sse4.1 or AVX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|NVidia NVS 3100M GT218 2D but 3D through external monitor}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio IDT 92HD81}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2 }}  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel 6200AGN or Link 6300}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit - 14.1” WXGA+ up to 15.6in 15.6” FHD 1080p - 2 ddr3l 1333Mhz max 8Gb - 90w dell charger - 3pin cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5030 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;rev A01 AMD V120, V140 rev A0? V160 M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA RS880M Radeon HD 4225, 4250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC269q codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - DDR3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E6420 E6520 ATG semi ruggized XFR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;sandy bridge i5 2520M 2540M or duo I7 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|set to Bios UEFI mode AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD 3000 with optional fermi Nvidia NVS 4200M GF119}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with IDT 92HD90 BXX codec but not HDMI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.03 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 15.6in - fan exhausts a lot of hot air when cpu taxed - VGA if Bios ATA set and Vesa only with Bios ACHI set - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron M5040 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;slow amd E450, later C-50 C50 or C-60 C60 with A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|non efi sata in IDE mode but base plastic difficult to remove for access}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6250 or 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8105E VB 10/100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 icaros 2.1.1 and AROS USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 15INCH 1388 X 768 - f2 bios setup, f12 boot order - under removable keyboard via 4 top spring loaded catches is 1 ddr3l sodimm max 8gb and wifi - 
|-
| Latitude e6230 E6330 E6430 || i3 3320M 3350M 2.8 GHz i5 3360M i7 3520M || {{N/A}} || {{partial|non RAID mode}} || {{partial|Intel HD 4000 (VESA only)}} || {{no|HD Audio}} || {{partial|Intel USB 3.0 (USB 1.1 2.0 only)}} || {{No|Intel 82579LM Gigabit}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014 09-27 || 2013 64bit Ivy Bridge - 12.5-inch 13.3-inch 14-inch screen - not great support, better under hosted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Latitude 3330 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core i3 – 2375M  to i5 – 3337U, Intel® Core i3 – 3227U, Celeron 1007U on HM77 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for intel Hd 2000 3000 vga hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio with IDT 92HD93 Controller codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.0 (2), USB 2.0 PowerShare capable }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwood usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit, 13.3” HD 1366X768 16:9, 2 ddr3l slots max 8Gb, 720p HD video webcam, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 15 5565 5567 AMD versions, Inspiron 3595 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9200u A9-9400 9425 A12-9700P Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R5 R8 GCN 3 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{partial| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek 1GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit AVX2 - 15.6in 768p or 900p - there are intel versions avoid - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude 5495, Inspiron 15 3585 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2300U 2500U 2700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|NVMe or optional 2.5in sata if caddy and ribbon cable}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon Vega 3 or 7 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3246 aka ALC295 0x10ec, 0x0295 or ALC3263 aka ALC 0x10ec, 0x0 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14.0&quot; FHD WVA 1080p (16:9) 220 nits or HD 768p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 32gb - 68whr battery with 2pin cmos bios coin - DC 19.5V 4.62A (90W) or 19.5V 3.34W (65W) 5.0mm x 7.4mm PA12 charging adapter - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 3505, Vostro 3515 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;athlon 300u, Ryzen 3250u (2c4t) 3450u 3500u 3700u (4c8t), Athlon Silver (2c2t) Gold (2c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|up to 2 nvme with optional 2.5in sata ribbon connector}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3204, Cirrus Logic CS8409 (CS42L42 and SN005825)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL 8106E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723DE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64-bit - 15.6inch - 2 ddr4 sodimm max 16G - avoid knocking usb-c charging whilst in use - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 5485 2-in-1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;athlon 300u, Ryzen 3250u (2c4t) 3450u 3500u 3700u (4c8t), Athlon Silver (2c2t) Gold (2c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 8, 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Realtek ALC3204}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8723DE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64-bit - 14inch - 2 ddr4 sodimm max 16G - avoid knocking usb-c charging whilst in use - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude 3500, 3310, 3410, 3510, || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Celeron-4205U, Pentium-5405U, Core i5 (8th Gen) i3-8145U, 8265U, i5-8365U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2D for Intel UHD Graphics 610 or 620 hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio with Realtek ALC}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 usb-c usb-a}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111H}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14in or 15.6in 768p to 1080p 220nits - 65w - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - rtc cr2032 cmos 2 pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 5405 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 4500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;One M.2 2230/2280 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3204 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14&quot; 1080p - dell round ac 19.50 VDC 4.50 mm x 2.90 mm 65W(19.5V-3.34A) round 4.5mm tip - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron 5415, Inspiron 5515 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 5300U, Ryzen 5 5500U, Ryzen 7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with realtek ALC3254 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 14&quot; or 15.6in - avoid knocking usb-c charging whilst in use or use dell round ac 65W 4.5MM x 3.0MM - replacing keyboard not easy - 1 ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Vostro 3425, Vostro 3525, Vostro 5625 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 5425U, Ryzen 5 5625U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB4}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 14in 15.6&quot; to 16&quot; FHD 1080p - dell round ac 65w 4.5MM x 3.0MM or avoid knocking usb-c charging whilst in use - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Inspiron 15 Model 3535, Inspiron 14 7435  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 7520U, AMD Ryzen 5 7530U, 7 7730U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No| hdmi 1.4 but no gpmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 64bit - 14.0&quot; or 15.6&quot; 1080p - dell round ac 65w 4.5MM x 3.0MM or usb-c charging - full sd card slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====Fujitsu-Siemens====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of build quality (Lowest to highest)
&lt;pre &gt;
Amilo 
Esprimo 
Lifebook 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu [http://www.labri.fr/perso/fleury/index.php?page=bug_transmeta FMV-Biblo Loox S73A (Japan P1100) LifeBook P1120 Biblo Loox T93C (Japan P2120) P2020] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Transmeta Crusoe CPU TM5600 633MHz with Ali M1535 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Rage Mobility M with 4MB SDRAM || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 Ali M1535 + STAC9723 Codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 only || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1999 32bit 10&quot; 1280 x 600 matte LCD - QuickPoint IV mouse - metal chassis with palm rest plastic - 15GB 2.5 inch drive and SR 8175 8X DVD-ROM drive -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7000 S7010 S7010D S2020 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.6 or 1.7GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Intel 855}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|AC97 with STAC 9751T or 9767 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros, Broadcom or Intel 2200BG - FN,F10}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 14.1 inch with minimal support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook e8010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Intel 855GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 STAC9767 or ALC203 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom NetXtreme BCM5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 15.1 inch
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5000 ST5010 ST5011 ST5012 ST5020 ST5021 ST5022 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.0GHz P-M and later 1.1GHz on Intel 855GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5788 tg3 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit charged via a proprietary port power connector 16V 3.75A with wacom serial pen interface - indoor Screen transmissive 10.1 and later 12.1 XGA TFT - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Pro V2010  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA CN400 PM880 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|S3 unichrome use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 VT8237 with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rhine 6102 6103 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RaLink RT2500 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit boot mount - unknown bootstrap error then crashes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo Li 1705 CN896 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with VIA P4M900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA VT8237 HD Audio  with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;VT82xx 62xx || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|VIA Rhine}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit random freezes
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Esprimo Mobile V5535 Skt mPGA 478MN 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE and EIDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{maybe|IDE mode with SIS 5513}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{maybe|SiS 771 / 671 (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HD Audio SIS968 SIS966 SI7012 with ALC268 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{no|USB 1.1 and 2.0 issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|SiS 191 gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros AR5001 mini pci express}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.5 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 20v barrel - f2 setup f12 multi boot - random freezing short time after booting - chipset SIS 671MX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Amilo SI 1520 1521p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Pro 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - Set Bios option ATA Control Mode to Compatible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook S7020 S7020D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Pentium M 740 1.73MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC260 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5751M Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG or Atheros 5k || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5030 ST5031 ST5032 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1 to 1.2GHx Pentium M with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - 200 pin ddr2 ram 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Stylistic ST5110 ST5111 ST5112 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 1.2GHz Core Duo and Core2 Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 900 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with STAC9228 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 ABG or optional atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 either 32 or 64 bit - charged via a proprietary port power connector 6.0 x 4.4 mm round - SigmaTel® touchscreen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;E8110 S7110 E8210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|945GM}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC262 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8055 Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 3945ABG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit Core Duo 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || CHIPSET || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lifebook PH521 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-350 E-450 1.65GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 6310M 6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 802.11 bgn}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 11.6 inch 1366x768 pixels - DDR3 1066MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;LIFEBOOK E752/E782/S752/S782 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Intel Core i3-2328M to i3-3110M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82579V 1000 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Wireless 6205 may be able to swap for Atheros 5k }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====HP Compaq====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
Presario 
Pavilion 
Omnibook 
ProBook
Armada
Elitebook
&lt;/pre &gt;


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c00 series Compaq Presario  [http://users.utu.fi/sjsepp/linuxcompaqarmada100s.html Armada 100S made by Mitac], 1247 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-II with PE133 MVP-4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - Trident Blade3D AGP sp16953 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA ac'97 audio [rev20] with AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|usual VIA issues [rev10]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit 192MB max - PCcard Texas PC1211 no support - 1200 XL1 1200-XL1xx, XL101, XL103 XL105 XL106 XL109 XL110 XL111 XL116  XL118 XL119 XL125 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;1c01 series Armada 110, Evo N150 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with VIA PLE133 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - Trident Cyber Blade i1 chipset || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 686 rev20 82xxx 686a || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82557 Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit max 192mb sodimm 100Mhz 133Mhz ram memory - 1200-XL405A 12XL405A XL502A 12XL502A 1600XL 
|-
| Armada M300 M700 E500 || 440BX || {{Yes| }} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ATI Rage LT M1 Mobility (VESA only)}} || {{no|AC97 ESS Maestro 2E M2E ES1987 sound}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{No|[http://perho.org/stuff/m300/index_en.html Intel PRO 100+ Mini PCI]}} || {{N/A}} || Aspire OS 2012, Nightly 30-01 2013 and 04-05 2013 || 1999 32bit - F10 bios options and Fn+F11 reset CMOS with 64mb ram already on board
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel BX 600Mhz GC model 256mb or AMD GD 500Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA - S3 Inc. 86C270 294 Savage IX-MV (rev 11) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Allegro 1 (rev 12)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel 82371AB PIIX4 USB (rev 01) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit no cardbus pcmcia support - no audio from Polk Audio Speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Omnibook XE3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;82830 ICH3 P3-M 750MHz 800Mhz 900MHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - CGC 830MG}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ESS ES1988 Maestro 3i}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|only one 1.1 port}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|e100 82557}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.51 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit Boots USB Stick via Plop boot floppy - Memory for GF 256-512mb, GS up 1GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1000 TC-1000 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA NV11 [GeForce2 Go] (rev b2) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA AC97 Audio (rev 50) || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OHCI NEC USB 2.0 (rev 02) || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 82551 QM (rev 10) || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atmel at76c506 802.11b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit Transmeta LongRun (rev 03)  with VT82C686 - Texas Instruments TI PCI1520 PC card Cardbus 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq R3000 ZV5000 (Compal LA-1851) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nForce 3 with AMD CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia  NV17 [GeForce4 420 Go 32M]  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Nvidia  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom or Realtek RTL8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4303 BCM4306 or Atheros bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - HPs have a setting to automatically disable wireless if a wired connection is detected 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq [http://www.walterswebsite.us/drivers.htm Presario 700 series] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VT8363 VT8365 [Apollo Pro KT133 KM133] || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VT8636A (S3 Savage TwisterK) (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA AC97 [rev50] with AD1886 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|VIA UHCI USB 1.1 [rev1a]}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RealTek RTL8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM4306}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit poor consumer grade level construction - jbl audio pro speakers - no support for cardbus pcmcia TI PCI1410 - 700A EA LA UK US Z 701AP EA BR FR 701Z 702US 703US AP JP audio sp18895 Sp19472 
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| N400c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Rage Mobility 128 (VESA only)}} || {{No|Maestro 3 allegro 1}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| N410c || P3-M 82845 || {{yes|82801 CAM IDE U100}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Radeon Mobility M7 LW 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VM (KM)}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit Has no optical disc drive 
|-
| Evo N600c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{No|ESS ES1968 Maestro 2}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.3 || 2003 32bit 
|-
| Evo N610c || Pentium 4 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility M7 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|Intel ICH AC97 with AD1886 codec}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.2.4 ||
|-
| N800c || P4 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI Radeon Mobility 7500 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2003 32bit P4M CPU can get very warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NX7010 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI mobility 7500 or 9000 Radeon 9200 64MB (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ADI codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci (1.1) and ehci (2.0)}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200b bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Preasrio V5000 (Compal LA-2771) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron 3000+ or Turion ML with SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati RS480M Xpress 200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 ATI with Conexant CX 20468 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8100 8101L 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bcm4318 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 64bit single core machine V5001 V5002 V5002EA V5003 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;TC1100 TC-1100 Tablet PC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia Geforce4 Go || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|BCM 4400}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros wlan W400 W500 or ? bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC6000 NC8000 NW8000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855PM with Pentium M 1.5 1.6 1.8GHz 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;max 160 GB for NW 8000 || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Ati RV350 mobility 9600 M10 Fire GL T2 ISV use VESA 2D as no laptop display}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel AC97 with ADI codec playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 5705M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|mini pci Atheros 5212 BG W400 W500 or Intel - all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 based [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=41916&amp;forum=47 works] - Firewire TI TSB43AB22/A - 8 pound 2.5 kg travel weight - an SD slot as well as two PC Card slots - 15-inch UXGA screen (1,600 x 1,200) or 15&quot; SXGA+ (1400 x 1050) (4:3 ratio)  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq NC6110 NX6110 NC6120 NC6220 NC4200 NC8200 TC4200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 915GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D GMA 900}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 with ADI AD1981B playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|440x or BCM 5705M or 5751M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel IPW 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit Sonoma based - Wifi with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB one - (INVENTEC ASPEN UMA MV) (INVENTEC ASPEN DIS PV) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq C500 CTO aka HP G7000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek ALC262 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom BCM 4311 bios locked || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP DV6000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio IDT 92HD 91B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel PRO 100 VE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32 bit only - Mosfet FDS6679 common cause of shorts giving no power to the tip. To reset adapter, unplug from AC (mains) and wait 15-30 sec. Then plug in again - 
|-
| Presario F700 series, HP G6000 f730us F750 F750us F755US F756NR F765em || AMD Turion Mono MK-36 2.0Ghz NForce 560m or Twin X2 TK-55 with nForce 610m MCP67 || {{N/A| }} || {{Yes|but needs special sata adapt bit and caddy}} || {{Yes|GF Go 7000m 2D and 3D 640x350 to 1280x800 - ball solder issues due to poor cooling}} || {{Maybe| }} || {{Maybe|uhci and ehci boots}} || {{No|Nvidia }} || {{Yes|Atheros AR5007 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.3.1 and Aros One 1.6 USB || 2006 64bit - f9 boot device f10 bios setup - random freezes after a minutes use means internal ventilation maintenance needed each year essential - No sd card and overall limited phoenix bios options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Presario v6604au v6608au V3500 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA MCP67M with AMD Athlon64 X2 TK 55 amd 1.8ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce Go 7150M 630i or C67 630M MCP67 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia or Realtek 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4311 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit Altec Lansing Stereo Speakers - ball solder issues - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario v6610 v6615eo v6620us || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Turion 64 X2 mobile TK-55 / 1.8 GHz to athlon 64x2 @ 2.4ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|SATA 150}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|geforce 7150 or 7300m 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AMD HD Audio with IDT codec stereo playback only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 OHCI EHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3 -  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=40956&amp;forum=48 works well]  - 1 x ExpressCard/54 - SD Card slot - AO4407 test voltage of the Drain side (pins 5-8) with AC adapter and no battery, see 0 volts, connect the battery you should have 10-14v - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;v6630em v6642em || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630M with AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 6150M or 7150M  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 15.4 in 1280 x 800 ( WXGA ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM Core Duo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D issues and no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio AD1981HD}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 - replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY else use USB g - 
* 32bit Core Duo T2400 
* 64bit Core 2 Duo T5600 T7600 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NV NC6400 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo + 945PM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Radeon x1300M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ADI1981 low volume}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.2 || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 Harmon Kardon speakers
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq NC6320 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with 
* 32bit Core Duo 1.83GHz T2400 
* 64bit Core2 Duo 1.83GHz T5600 
 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950 2D with a little 3D tunnel 213}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with AD1981HD codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5788}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 replaced with Atheros AR5007eg if applying hacked wifi bios RISKY!! else use USB - 14.1&quot; or 15 inch XGA 1024x768 - noisy cpu fan for core2 - trackpad rhs acts as window scroller - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP NC4400 TC4400 Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo with 82945 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios F.07 limits to 100GB 120GB}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|2D and 3D 282 tunnel and gearbox 150}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ADI 1981HD codec via ear phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|BCM 5753M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 or BCM 4306 - Whitelist BIOS F.0C needed but risky}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64 bit possible with Core2 - TI SD card reader non bootable - wacom serial digitiser pen not working - 
* 32bit 1.86GHz core duo 
* 64bit 2Ghz T7200, 2.16Ghz Core 2 Duo T7600 2.33GHz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion DV2000 CTO || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950, X3100, Nvidia 8400M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Conexant CX 20549 Venice || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia MCP51 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM 4311 or Intel 3945 4965 ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 Atheros AR5007eg if apply hacked bios RISKY 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario C700 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros AR5007 AR5001 AR242x}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq 2510p 6510b 6710b 6910b || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA 965GM GL960 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X3100 some 2d but slow software 3d only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio ADI AD1981 HD low volume on head phones}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566 or Broadcom BCM 5787M}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945ABG or 4965ABG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire OS Xenon 2014 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 no sd card boot support - F9 to choose boot option - [http://forums.mydigitallife.info/threads/7681-This-is-no-request-thread!-HP-COMPAQ-bioses-how-to-modify-the-bios/page111?p=333358#post333358 whitelist removal (risky) bios block for wifi card swap] 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ40 CQ41 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BC4310 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ35 CQ36 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4312 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 Compal LA-4743P - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq CQ42 CQ43 CQ45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Coxenant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8191SE, Realtek 8188CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 (Quanta AX1) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Presario CQ50 CQ56 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia MCP78S || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Geforce 8200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;nVidia HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;nvidia MCP77 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR928X bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 [http://donovan6000.blogspot.co.uk/2013/06/insyde-bios-modding-wifi-and-wwan-whitelists.html bios modding risky] MCP72XE MCP72P MCP78U MCP78S 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ60 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Single core Sempron to dual turion || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Nvidia 8200M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP DV6700 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{no|Vesa for Nvidia 8400M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ60 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel C2D || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Nvidia 9200M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CQ57z || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD slow E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATi HD 6310 wrestler}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek RTL8101 RTL8102}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT5390}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP CQ58z 103SA E5K15EA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD slow Dual-Core E1-1500 APU with A68M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon HD 7310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 10/100 BASE-T}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 39.6 cm (15.6&quot;) HD BrightView LED-backlit (1366 x 768)
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 635 DM1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD slow E-300, E-450 later E2-1800 on SB7x0 SB8x0 SB9x0 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;ATI non efi SATA AHCI - IDE mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA 2D - AMD HD6310, 6320 to HD7340}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC270A GR but not Wrestler HDMI Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 driver covers Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 14&quot; 1366 x 768 - f9 f10 - external battery - 2 stacked ddr3l sodimm slots max 16Gb under one base plate - removable keyboard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP G6 2000-2b10NR 2000-2d10SX 2000-2d80NR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow E1-2000 E2-3000M on A50M (soldered) A4-3305A on A60M (socket) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon 6320, 6620G, 6520G, 6480G, 6380G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek 100 1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 39.6-cm (15.6-in) HD LED BrightView (1366×768) - 1 or 2 ddr3l max 8G - 19VDC 3.42A Max 65W Tip 7.4mm x 5.0mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6465B || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD massively slow A6-3310MX or A6-3410MX with A60M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6480G or 6520G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|IDT 92HD81B1X}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 6205 or broadcom 4313 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 13-inch or 14-inch runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 8470p 8570p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Quad i7-3840QM, i7-3610QM, i7-3520M, i5-3210M, i3-3130M, i3-2370M on Intel QM77 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|set the bios boot options to not fastboot and drive mode IDE rather than AHCI }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for HD4000 with some having switchable Radeon M2000 or 7570M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio for IDT codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579LM }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel, Broadcom, Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;64 bit boots from CD* if safe mode 2 is used, although it is possible to remove the 'nodma' and 'debug' entries and boot || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit with SSE4.1 and AVX - 14in 1600 x 900 to 1366 x 768 - 2 DDR3L sodimm slots max 16Gb - TPM 1.2 - dual boot 32/64 bit is working fine - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 6475b, Probook 4445s 4545s, HP Pavilion 15-b115sa, [https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c04015674#AbT6 HP mt41 Mobile Thin Client PC] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A4 4300M, A6 4400M 4455M or A8 4500M with AMD A70M A76M FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 7420 7520G 7640G 7660G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio with idt or realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8151FH-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6205 or Broadcom BCM 43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 15.6-inch - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ENVY 15-k112nl K1Y78EA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® Core™ i7 i7-4510U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD4400 and/without NVIDIA® GeForce® GTX 850M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwood usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 15.6&quot; 768p to 1080p - 19.5V 3.33A (65w) 4.62A (90W) 6.15A (120W) AC - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion Gaming Laptop 15-ak002na || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G1, 455 G1 F2P93UT#ABA, 645 G1, Envy 15-j151ea G7V80EA, Envy m6-1310sa (E4R01EA#ABU) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow Dual-Core E1-1500, or AMD Quad A4-4300M A8-4500M A10-4600M A4-5150M A6-5350M 2.9Ghz A10-5750M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for 7310, 7420G 7520G 7640G 7660G 8350G 8450G or 8550G, 8650G, 8750G }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio IDT 92HD91 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 14in and 15in 1366 x 768 - external battery - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - 19.5v / 4.62A psu runs hot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 245 G4, 255 G2, 455 G2, 255 G3, 455 G3, 255 G4 80CB, 255 G5 82F6, 355 G2, HP Pavilion 15-p038na 15-g092sa 15-p091sa 15-G094S 15-p144na 15-p142na, 15-Af156sa || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A4-5000 A6-5200, E2-6110, E1-6010 E2-2000, E1-2100 E2-3800, A4-6210 A6-6310 A8-6410, E2-7110, A6-7310 A8-7410 APU on A68M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata some with cdrw dvdrw || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R2 R4 R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio ALC3201-GR}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8102E or Atheros 1GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Qualcomm Atheros AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit most have SSE4 AVX but E2-2000 does not - 15.6-inch (1366 x 768) - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - small 31Whr or 41Whr external battery covers 240 G4, 245 G4, 250 G4, 255 G4, 256 G4, 14G, 15G - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G2, 745 G2, 755 G2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd Quad very slow A6-7050B A8-7150B 1.9GHz A10-7350B || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R4 R5 Radeon R6 with DP and vga}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT 92HD91}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 PCIe GBE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom or Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 12.5-inch, 14&quot; or 15.6in (all 1366 x 768) - 19.5V 65w 45W AC adapter - internal pull up tab battery under base which slides off - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 g2, Probook 445 G2, Probook 245 G2 most have cmos rtc battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A6-8600 A8-8700 a10- || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel I219V 100/1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Qualcomm Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 14in and 15.6-inch HD (1366 x 768) or FHD 1080p - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots max 16GB - internal battery - hp ac psu tip - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G3 should have a cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD slow A10-8700P || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 2.5in sata and most should have 9.5mm dvd-rw || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Radeon R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Conexant CX7501 codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8188EE }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 725 G3, 745 G3, 755 G3, 725 G4, 745 G4, 755 G4, HP mt43 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Amd slow A8-8600B, A10-8700B, A12-8800B to Quad A8 Pro 9600B to A10 9800 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA on AMD R5 R6 R7 with DP and vga but screen is low res, dull colours, and blurry}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD audio with IDT codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5762 PCIe GBE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8723BE-VB}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 12.5-inch (1366 x 768) to 14&quot; and 15.6in - 2 sodimm ddr3 - 19.5V 45W AC slim 4.5mm hp adapter - randomly shuts down and the noisy fans constantly on - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 645 G3, 655 G3 should have a cmos rtc battery underside of mb || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 8th Gen slow A10-8730B, A8-9600B (4c4t) A6-8530B (2c2t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD R5}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6in - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard repair swap requires removal of all components - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 250 G5 easy cmos and external main battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-6500U, i5-6200U, i3-6100U to slow i3-6006U, N3710 all sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for iGPU Intel HD405 to HD520 dGPU skylake or AMD Radeon R5 430M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio  with Realtek ALC3227 (or ALC282) codec 0x0282 }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 15.6 inch 768p - HP ac psu - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 250 G6 SL52 LA-E801P - easy cmos battery and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel dual core tested '''i5-7200U''' untested i7-7500U to very slow N3060 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|ahci on M.2 sata or 2.5in sata3 whichever installed with 1 m.2 sata3 permanent and internal dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|IG: 480p to 1080p 2D for Intel Intel HD Graphics 620 kabylake or AMD Radeon 520}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio 0x8086, 0xa170 or 0x8086, 0x9dc8 with ALC3227 aka ALC282 codec 0x10EC, x0282}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|intel sunrise point-lp USB3.0 xHCI}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8821CE or Intel wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 D03 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p or 1080p - 19.5V 65W - 2 DDR4 sodimm slots max 16Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - poor hinges and build quality - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion 14-BS, HP 15-BS LA-E802P cmos battery and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i3-7200U to slow Celeron  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in (possibly requires the drive cable and M.2 sata3, most have no cdrw dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x8086, 0x9d70 with ALC codec 0x10EC, x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188CTV, RTL8821CE or Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3168}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p all - 19.5V 65W - DDR4 slot max 8Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 14-bw022na - cmos coin battery and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A6-9120 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for R3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio VOID with conexant CX7501 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 not working but port on the right works}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p to 900p - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Probook 455 G4, Probook 455 G5, cmos battery on underside of mb take off back cover and below wifi card || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A10-9600P APU, A9-9410, A6-9210 APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R4, R5 or R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek 1GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|realtek or intel Wireless-AC 7265}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 15.6in 768p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - keyboard swap problematic - rr03xl battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G6 (), easy cmos and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow E2-9000e, A9-9420, 9220P, A4-9125 (all 2c) AMD A6-9225 AMD A9-9425  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in (possibly requires the drive cable and M.2 sata3 and internal cdrw dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for R2 R3 R4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x157a or 0x1002, 0x15b3 with ALC codec 0x10EC, x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188CTV, RTL8821CE or Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3168}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p all - 19.5V 65W - DDR4 slot max 8Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G7 (la-g078p) - no cmos battery so needs internal battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow E2-9000e, A9-9420, 9220P, A4-9125 (all 2c) AMD A6-9225 AMD A9-9425 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in (possibly requires the drive cable and M.2 sata3, most have no internal cdrw dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for R2 R3 R4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x157a or 0x1002, 0x15b3 with ALC codec 0x10EC, x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8188CTV, RTL8821CE or Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3168}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p all - 19.5V 65W - DDR4 slot max 8Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ProBook 245 g8 - no cmos rtc coin battery but uses internal battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD very slow A6-9225, A4-9125, A6-8350B, A4-5350B APU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA R4 R6}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit 768p - many later variants - keyboard swap problematic - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Probook 255 G7 84AE 7DE72EA 7DE73EA (epv51 la-g076p) - CMOS Error (502) replace main internal battery HT03XL to have bios remember settings || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 2200U 2300U (2c4t), R5 2500U, R7 2700U (4c8t) Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|M.2 (Sata or NVMe) and very optional 2.5in sata, most have mini sata port}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d 640p to 768p for AMD Vega 3, 6, or 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x15e3 with ALC236 0x10ec, 0x0236 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8821CE, 8822BE or Intel AC 8265}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS x64 deadwoods' iso does not boot with cd/dvd and installed to 2.5in ssd, boots to grub choice, select but no further and reboots || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5 to 15.6in 768p mostly to 1080p - 1 on smaller laptops or 2 ddr4 2400mhz sodimm slots on larger laptops max 16Gb - hp 4.5mm blue tip charging - keyboard swap problematic - esc boot options f9 boot order f10 bios - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 725 G5, 735 G5, 745 G5, 755 G5, Probook 455 G6, ProBook 645 G6 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 2200U 2300U (2c4t), R5 2500U, R7 2700U (4c8t) Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|M.2 (Sata or NVMe) and very optional 2.5in sata, some have mini sata port but no cdrw dvdrw}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d 640p to 768p for AMD Vega 3, 6, or 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x15e3 with ALC 0x10ec, 0x0 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8821CE, 8822BE or Intel AC 8265}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso does not boot software error || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - 12.5 to 15.6in 768p mostly to 1080p - 1 on smaller laptops or 2 ddr4 2400mhz sodimm slots on larger laptops max 16Gb - hp 4.5mm blue tip charging - keyboard swap problematic - esc boot options f9 boot order f10 bios - synaptics touchpad - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 14-cm, 15-bw0, HP 15-db0043na, HP 15-db0996na, HP 15-db0997na, 17-ca0007na, 17-ca1, ProBook 645 G4 - no cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 2200U (2c 4t) 2500U (4c 8t) with AMD Carrizo FCH 51 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1 M.2 and 1 2.5in on some larger models and hdd port }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon R5 and later Vega 3 or 7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio 0x1002, 0x103c or 0x1022, 0x157a with Realtek ALC3227 0x10ec, 0x0282 but ATI HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB3 USB boot drive stuck on kitty's eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL 8723DE 8821 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2020 Icaros 2.3 USB, Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso does not boot software error || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit 2kg - screen is dim 14in, 15.6in or 17.3&quot; 768p or 1080p - 65W 19.5V ac adapter - internal 3-cell 41 Wh Li-ion battery does not last long - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - no DVD-Writer - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 250 G7, 250 G8 - no cmos battery so needs internal battery and needs usb3 boot due to garbage bios boot options || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i3-7020U, 8235U 8265U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|M.2 nvme not working, optional sata 2.5in requires LS-G072P and ribbon cable, if internal cdrw dvdrw partial boot}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Intel Whiskey Lake-U 620 GT2 UHD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x8086, 0xa170 or 0x8086, 0x9dc8 with ALC236 codec 0x10EC, x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|Cannon Point-LP USB3.1 xHCI}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RTL8821CE or Intel Dual Band Wireless-AC 3168}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test 2026.09.D01 iso works but does not boot stuck on kittys eyes if burnt to dvdr || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit 1080p all - 19.5V 65W - DDR4 slot max 16Gb - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - f9 boot order f10 uefi - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP 255 G7 7DC73EA 2D200EA 87CE (fpp55 la-g07jp), - CMOS Error (502) replace 41.04Wh ht03xl hto3xl dynapack suzhou main battery to have bios remember settings || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' R5 3500U (4c8t) '''untested''' mostly dual cores - AMD Athlon Gold 3150U (2c2t), Silver 3050U APU (2c2t), Ryzen 3 Pro 3145U APU, 3200U (2c4t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1 m.2 NVMe or sata3 up to 2280, optional 2.5in sata, many have mini-sata slimline 6+7 internal port but no physical 9mm drive}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D from 640p to 1080p for AMD Vega 3, 6 or 8 with up to 2gb ram taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x15e3 with realtek ALC236 codec 0x10ec, 0x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 but no usb-c}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek GbE RTL8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8822BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 Aros One 32bit and 64bit usb works sometimes but burnt dvdr iso does not fully boot (stuck on kitty's eyes) || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in / 15.6in dim tn panel 768p or 1080p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 16gb - hp 19.5V 45W 65W AC blue tip round 4.5 mm - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - caps lock blinking 3 times then 2 quick pulses means ram or bios issue - f9 boot order f10 uefi - laptop needs usb3 to boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 450 G5 needs main battery for bios settings saved || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-8550U, i5-8250U, i3-8130U, i7-7500U, i5-7200U, i3-7100U, i3-7020, i3-6006U all sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel UHD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio  with codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 15.6 inch 768p or 1080p - HP ac psu, 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://support.hp.com/gb-en/document/c06955717 ProBook 245 g8], Probook 445R G6, 455R G6, HP14-dk0599sa, pavilion 15-cw1511na 15-cw1507sa, HP 15s-eq1516sa no cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Gold 3150U (2c2t), Silver 3050U APU (2c2t), Ryzen 3 Pro 3145U APU, 3200U (2c4t) and 3500U (4c8t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1 m.2 (NVMe or sata3 up to 2280), optional 2.5in sata but resets}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D from 640p to 1080p for AMD Vega 3, 6 or 8 with up to 2gb ram taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 0x1022, 0x15e3 with realtek ALC codec 0x10ec, 0x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek GbE RTL8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8822BE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in / 15.6in dim tn panel 768p or 1080p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 16gb - hp 19.5V 45W 65W AC blue tip round 4.5 mm - keyboard swap problematic - synaptics touchpad - f9 boot order f10 uefi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 450 G6 needs main battery for bios settings saved || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-8565U, i5-8265U, i3-8165U all sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel UHD 620}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio  with Realtek ALC3246 aka ALC295 codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6 inch 768p or 1080p - 45W 19.5V HP ac psu - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitebook 735 G6 5VA23AV, Elitebook 745 G6, 255 g8, HP 15s-dy - no cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD® Ryzen™ 5-3500U Ryzen 3-3300U AMD Ryzen 3-3250U AMD Athlon® Gold 3150U AMD Athlon Silver 3050U AMD 3020e || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|m.2 2280 nvme in legacy - hp sure start and secure boot disabled but still issues with gpt installs - LS-H323P LS-K201P}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Vega 8, 5 or 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi with realtek ALC codec 0x10EC, 0x0295}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 type-A port boots stick partially to kitty eyes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 realtek RTL8111E or 8111H}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek or intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2020 Icaros 2.3 onto USB and AROS One 1.8 USB, Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6in 1366x768 to 1920x1080 - 2 3200MHz DDR4 sodimms - 19.5V 2.31A or 20V 2.25 45W 4.5X3.0MM hp - esc bios setup, f9 boot device select - low travel keyboard - poor hw03xl or  battery life - plastic hooked base with retained screws - touchpad? - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 445 G7, 455 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 4300U 5 4500U 4700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata and 1 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with realtek alc236 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek rtl8111ep}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|realtek RTL8822CE or intel AC 9260 or Wi-Fi 6 AX200}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14 inch 768p or 1080p - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - smart 45w 65w hp or usb-c charging - keyboard swap problematic - RE03XL battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 450 G7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel UHD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111EP}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' latest usb3 test iso with noacpi || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 15.6 inch 768p or 1080p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 745 G7, 845 G7, HP 15-EH0006NA || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 4300U, 5 4500U, PRO 4650U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SSD M.2 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Radeon Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|Hdaudio  with codec 0x10EC, 0x0257}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - Bang &amp; Olufsen speakers - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 255 G8, HP 245 G9, ProBook 255 G9 816C2EA#ABE, - no cmos battery only internal battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 5300u, 5425U, 5 5500U 5625U, 7 5700u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|NVMe}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega 6 or 8 hdmi 1.4B}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822CE or Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 14&quot; to 15.6in 768p to 1080p poor gamut - 45 or 65w hp psu - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 16GB - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 450 G9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2D for Intel Iris Xe}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111H}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 15.6 inch - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteBook 645 g7, 835 G8, 845 g8, HP ENVY x360 13 15, HP 17-cp0021na || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 5650U, 7 5800U, R7 Pro 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD Radeon}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 0x, 0x with ALC3247 aka ALC236 codec 0x10ec, 0x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 1Gbe on 645 only}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 13.3&quot; or 14&quot; 1080p - poor screens low nits and srgb score - 845 gets hot ue to poor cooling - slim round hp ac - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Dev One, HP ProBook 455 G8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 7 5800U, R7 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 15.6&quot; 1080p - 2 internal sodimm slots - hp barrel charging - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitebook 655 g9 669y1ut#aba,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5675U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 15.6&quot; 1080p - 1 or 2 internal sodimm slots - usb-c charging - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP probook 635 Aero G8 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 5600U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2921 64bit - 14in 1080p - 2 ddr4 slots - ec chip nuvoton NPCX797HA1B - bios winbond 250256JYEN - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP PROBOOK X360 435 G8 cmos battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;RYZEN 5 5600U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDaudio with ALC236 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RTL8822CE or Intel AX200}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - hp round ac plug - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Elitebook 845 g9 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 6000 series 6850u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 8}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }}Qualcomm Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit aluminum case - 14in 1080p to 2140p 16:10 poor screen again - 2 internal ddr5 sodimm slots - usb-c ac charging avoid any knocks - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP ProBook 445 G10, 455 G10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5 7530U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Vega 7 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 15.6in - hp round ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hp 455 G11 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 7335U (4c8t), 5 7535U (6c12t), 7 7735U (8c16t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Vega 7 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111HSH}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 35.6 cm (14.0 in) 1920x1200 or 2560x1600 - usb-c 45w or 65w ac - 2 ddr5 sodimm slots max 32gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====IBM/Lenovo====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Build quality (Lowest to highest) 

&lt;pre &gt;
iSeries
Edge 
Ideapad
Thinkpad - good cases and construction but electronic internals same as anyone else 
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 390X 390E (2626) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Neo Magic MM2200 with C400 P2-266 to P3 500MHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|256AV or ESS Solo-1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad 600x || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440BX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Neomagic NM2360 MagicMedia 256ZX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Crystal CS4297A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.3.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1998 32bit a little support - earlier 600 and 600e were Pentium 2 based 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X20 (2662-32U) X21 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 440 BX ZX DX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 with Cirrus Logic Crystal cs4281}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;no mini pci intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 32bit 
|-
| Thinkpad T20 (2647) T21 (26) T22 || 440BX || {{Maybe| }} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|Savage IX-MV (VESA only)}} || {{no|Cirrus Logic CS 4614/22/ 24/30}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2002 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A21e (2628, 2655) A22e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;440MX || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati rage mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 Cs4299 CS4229}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2002 
|-
| Thinkpad T23 (2647) || i810 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Super Savage IX/C SDR (VESA only)}} || {{maybe|AC'97 CS4299}} || {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel ICH3 PRO 100 VE}} || {{no|Realtek RTL8180L others with bios hacking risky}} || || 2003 32bit with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X22 X23 X24 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATi Mobility M6 LY || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Ac97 CS4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 x 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Actiontec Harris Semi Intersil Prism 2.5 (X23 and X24 only) || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit with slice Ultrabase X2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A30 A30p || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon M6 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 CS 4299 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel Pro 100 ve || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;A31 A31p R31 R32 T30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;830 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7500 or FireGL || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 Intel with AD1881A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes| Intel Pro 100 ve}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[https://forums.lenovo.com/t5/Android-Ecosystem-Developers/AROS-An-operation-system-inside-Android/td-p/1441741 Icaros 1.5.2] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit Also tested with Icaros 2.0.3. 
|-
| Thinkpad X30 (2673) X31 (2884-xx2) X31t || i830 || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only Radeon M6 Mobility}} || {{yes|AC97 - AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB 1.1}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || {{no|Cisco Aironet or Intel 2915 but atheros with bios hacking}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2004 32bit sound bit distorted 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R50e R51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 855M use VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;intel AC97 with AD1981B codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 100 VE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - 
|-
| IBM Thinkpad T40 (2373) T41 T41p (2379) T42 T42p T43 T43p || Intel 8xx || {{partial|PIO}} || {{N/A}} || {{partial|ATI mobility 7500 9000 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97 playback}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{no|e1000}} || {{Maybe|Intel 2200bg bios locked but possible AR5BMB-44 AR5212 FRU 39T0081 mini PCI}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || 2004 32bit 16v IBM plug - Centrino Needs ATA=nodma option - issues with the inner chip of the SMT BGA graphics chip 
|-
| Thinkpad X32 || i855 || {{yes|40, 60 or 80GB 2.5&quot; PATA HDD}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA only ATI Mobility Radeon 7000 with 16MB}} || {{maybe| Intel AC'97 Audio with a AD1981B codec}} ||  {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Intel 1000}} || {{no|Intel 2200 but atheros with bios hacking}} || 2016 Icaros 2.1 || 2004 32bit - 12.1&quot; TFT display with 1024x768 resolution; 256 or 512MB PC2700 memory standard (2GB max) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X40 X40t by Quanta || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel 800 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel but most atheros with bios hacking - difficult though}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit last IBM design 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X41 (IBM) MT 1864 1865 2525 2526 2527 2528 x41t (Lenovo) MT 1866 1867 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel with single core 1.5 1.6 and tablet 1.2GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel or MiniPCI Wi-Fi Atheros AR5BMB FRU 39T0081 but ordinary atheros 54meg needs risky bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit - amongst first Lenovo design - 3pin cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 (most 18xx) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 915GML 2D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R52 1846, 1847, 1848, 1849, 1850, 1870 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATi 200m  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|ATI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 AD1981B}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom BCM5751M tg3}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T60 T60P 
* 64bit - 6 or 8 is 16:10 on T60/p, eg. 8742-CTO 15.4&quot; 
* 32bit - 1 and 2 are 14&quot;, 15&quot; 4:3, like 2007-YM3 or 1952-CTO 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;*any* T60/p will take a Core 2 Duo CPU with newer BIOS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA (2D) with &quot;p&quot; graphics card (ATi V5200 or V5250) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|e1000e 82573L}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel ipw3945 ABG but atheros with Middleton's or Zender BIOS hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.4 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X60 x60s x60t tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS 940GML || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1981 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel 3945 ABG or fru 39T5578 Atheros 5K AR5BXB6 ar5007eg with bios hacking}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Icaros 1.4 || 2006 32bit - perhaps needs a zendered bios update but risky 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R60 R60e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 950 with optional radeon x1300 x1400 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with 1981HD codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 3945 or atheros fru 39T5578 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit
|-
| Thinkpad T61 T61p without Middleton's or Zender BIOS || Core 2 Duo CPU T7300 T8300 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || Intel GMA (2D), NVS 140m or Quadro FX 570M () || {{maybe|HD Audio with Analog Devices AD1984 or AD1984A HD Audio Codec routed to the line output}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|intel e1000e 82573L}} || {{No|Intel but atheros with bios hacking risky}} || Icaros 1.6, AROS One  || 2007 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X61 x61s X61T Tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo T8100 on i965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3100 (2D) slow 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AD1984 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566DM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{maybe|Atheros AR5212 (some revisions use Intel WLAN runs very hot) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit ultrabook running very hot - ddr2 max 4gb - 3pin cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R61 R61i || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 965 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 965 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom BCM5787M || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit 
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Santa Rosa || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|Geforce 7300 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || {{no|Broadcom}} || {{no|Intel 3945 bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4 || 2007 64bit 3D graphics parts are supported but buggy.
|-
| Lenovo 3000 N200 / V200 || GM965 ICH9-M with Intel Mobile Core 2 Duo T5450 || {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }} || {{yes|X3100 (2D)}} || {{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269VB or CX20549}} || {{yes| }} || {{no|BCM5906M}} || {{no|Intel 3965 / 4965AGN bios locked}} || Icaros 1.4.1 2.1 || 2007 64bits of laptop works 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X300 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Merom SL7100 1.2GHz  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 4965 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit 13.3&quot; TFT 1440x900 (WXGA+) with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge 11″ AMD K325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;M880G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for ATI HD4200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|8192CE (Realtek 8176) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 little support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X301 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core 2 Duo Penryn SU9400 Su9600 with GM45 chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1.8 inch micro SATA (uSATA) || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel X4500}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AD1984A || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 5xxx WiFi link 5100, 5150, 5300 and 5350 (WiMAX) bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 WXGA+ (1440×900) LED backlight display -  2774 or 4057 Alps and 2776 Synaptics touchpad - optical bay interface is Legacy IDE (PATA) - Addonics ADMS18SA, Lycom ST-170m 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X100e || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Neo Single-Core (MV-40) and dual cores || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|2.5in tray in ide mode in bios}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa ATI HD3200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with CX20582 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek r8192se bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 11.6in 1366 x 768 - 20v 65W round barrel - enter f1 setup f11 diagnostics f12 boot list - runs very warm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL400 SL500 || Intel  || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|IDE mode}} || {{Maybe|Nvidia 9400M}} || {{Maybe|ALC269}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{Maybe|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} ||  || 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;SL410 SL510 || 965  || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA X4500M (some 2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC269 codec - speaker and ear phones}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{yes|RTL8169}} || {{Maybe| bios locked}} || [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showpost.php?p=645774&amp;postcount=28 Icaros 1.3] || 2009 64bit SL-410 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400 ODM Wistron || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d - optional switchable Nvidia or ATi HD3470 untested}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Codec CX20561 (T400)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 20v lenovo plug - non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T400s || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VSEA for Intel 4500MHD works limited 2d no 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with CX20585}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel e1000e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Wifi Link 5100 (AGN) half height card with FRU 43Y6493 or 5300 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit non-free firmware required iwlwifi 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T500 T510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA for switchable Intel / AMD  HD 3640}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|Intel HD Audio with a CX20561 (t500) and CX20585 (T510) codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Lenovo branded unit Atheros AR5007EG AR5BHB63 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X200 ODM Wistron [http://itgen.blogspot.co.uk/2008/12/installing-arch-linux-on-lenovo.html X200s] and x200t tablet model without [http://fsfe.soup.io/post/590865884/the-unconventionals-blog-English-Flashing-Libreboot-on Risky flash of the Libreboot BIOS] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GM45 GS45 with slow Celeron, SU or faster SL Core 2 Duos CPUs || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe||Intel GMA 4500 MHD 2D but slow software 3D tunnel 10 gearbox 8 tests}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD Audio with Conexant CX20561 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{{Yes|USB 2.0 USB SD card reads and writes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82567LM Gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel Pro 5100 5150 5300 5350 AGN due to whitelist prevention bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 12.1&quot; CCFL (webcam version) or LED backlit (no webcam). no support for 54mm express cards or Authentec 2810 fingerprint reader - thinkpoint only no trackpad - 3pin cmos -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo T410 T410s T410si || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;qm57 with i5 m || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use vesa Intel 5700MHD (Ironlake) core processor igp with optional Nvidia Quadro NVS 3100M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio Conexant CX20585 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82577lm gigabit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Intel n 6200 or Atheros AR9280 AR5BHB92 half size minipcie bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 xmas || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit battery life much lower with Nvidia graphics version - no support firewire ricoh r5c832 - ricoh sd card - series 5 3400  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X201 X201s x201t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM57 Core i3 370m, i5 M520 2.4GHz or i7 620LM 2.0GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|vesa 2d on Intel GMA HD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel HD with [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=94.0 Conexant 20585] codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 X201 arrandale power consumption limits battery life to 3-4 hours for 48Whr though to 6 on 72Whr - 12.5&quot; WXGA - 3pin cmos - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad B470, B570, V370, V470, V570 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® Core™ i5 i5-2430M, i5-2450M, || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d for Intel || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 0x8086, 0x1c20 with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|whitelisted}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 14in or 15.6in 768p - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T420 type 4180 4236, t420s , T520 4239 L520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i5 2540, 2520 or i7 2860QM 2620 has sse4.1 avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 136 x 768 - Intel HD 3000 with optional NVS 4200M Nvidia optimus or Radeon HD 565v }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback ear phones only with Conexant CX20672 codec - AHI 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 1x1, Intel Ultimate-N 6205 6250 2x2 6300 3x3 all bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2.2 add noacpi to grub boot options || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - screen 1600x900 or 1366x768 - 2 ddr3l sodimm slots max 16gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad W520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; has sse4.1 avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Intel HD 3000 with nvidia quadro 1000m 2000m optimus issues with Nvidia Intel hybrids}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel Hd with CX 20585 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579 Lm}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000s}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 15.6&quot; TFT display with 1366x768 (HD), 1600x900 (HD+) or 1920x1080 (FHD) resolution with LED backlight 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;X220 x220t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;QM67 express, dual i5 2520M or i7 dual 2620M sse4.1 avx support || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE in BIOS but not AHCI}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D 1024 x 768 for Intel HD Graphics 3000}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Intel HD playback with Conexant 20672 codec ear phones and speaker - AHI 6.27 6.34}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel 82579LM}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel Centrino Advanced-N 6205 Wi-Fi bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3, Aros One USB 1.6 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit possible - uses slimmer 7 mm storage sata devices - NEC USB 3.0 on i7's - unwanted trackpad gestures when palms rests on it - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X120e, x121e Quanta FL8A DAFL8AMB8D0 Rev D || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 with slow AMD E350 has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA ATI 0x9802}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI SBx00 Azalia HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 RTL8111}}  || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 0x0576 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 11.6 inch screen - 1 inch think - chiclet keyboard 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S205 G575 G585, Edge 11 E325 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow E-350 later E-450 with A75 or AMD Athlon II Neo has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA HD6310}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - removeable and plug in battery - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad S206 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E300 1.3GHZ Dual has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with CX20672 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom 10/100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 11.6&quot; and integrated battery - Conexant® 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo x130e or x131e edu || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Slow AMD E-300 or E-450 has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon HD 6310 or 6320 }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio Realtek ALC269VC / ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB 30 and USB 20}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek RTL8111 RTL8168B}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8188CE or Broadcom BCM43228 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - rubber edged bumper for K12 education market - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E135 E335 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd dual E-300, E2-1800 or E2-2000 slow atom like A68M FCH has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|SATA 3.0Gb/s 2.5&quot; wide 7mm high}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA radeon 6310 or 7340 vga or hdmi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3202 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|2 usb3, 1 powered usb2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 8111f}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek WLAN whitelist bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 11.6 inch to 13.3in 1366x768 - Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) plastic case - external battery - 20v 65w lenovo barrel ac - 2 ddr3 sodimm 8Gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E525 E535 LENOVO IDEAPAD Z575 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-3420M A8-3500M later A8-4500M has no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD 6620G later 7640G}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with Conexant codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|USB2 usb3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek 8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 15.6in 1368 x 768 matt - 65W 20v lenovo round psu - thick desktop replacement - ThinkPad Edge E520 E520S E525 E530 E545 E535 E530C Laptop Keyboard swap - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T430 t430i T530 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ivy bridge i5 3320 3230m on Intel QM77 has sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 1366 x 768 for Intel HD 4000 with optional Nvidia 5400M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3202 aka ALC269VC codec playback ear head phones - HDA 6.27}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2 ports and usb2.0 devices thru usb 3.0 ports}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel e1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Intel or Atheros AR9285 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit fan noise and chiclet keyboard, synaptics trackpad - HD+ 768p - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X230 x230t || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel QM67 express i5 has sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD with ALC269 aka ALC3202}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|I}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 12.2 in 1366 x 768 - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots - external battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad T440 t440s t440p T540 L440 L540 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel haswell 8 series Core i3 to i7 has sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA - Intel 4600 or Nvidia}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|Intel HD with Realtek ALC3232 alc269 codec or ALC292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel AC 7260 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 14 and 15&quot; models with glitchy trackpad and no physical buttons - keyboard repair not easy as well as 4 variants of key caps - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad X240 x240t ultrabook TN (20AL0081GE), HD IPS display without touch (20AL007NGE) and touch (20AL0076GE) but all 65% sRGB || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;haswell i7-4600U i5 4200U 4210U 4300U i3-4100U - two batteries, one internal 3cell 45N1110 (45N1111) or 45N1112 (FRU 45N1113) and external 3 / 6cell  45N1126 (FRU 45N1127) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2.5in 7mm sata (torq t7), m.2 2242 in WWAN slot (m and b key NGFF Sata)}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use 2d IG: 768p BGR0 for Intel 4400, no 3D}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio 0x8086, 0x0a0c or 0x8086, 0x9c20 with Realtek ALC3232 aka ALC292 0x10ec, 0x0292}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB3 xhci and USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel® 82577LM Gigabit (Hanksville) }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Intel 7260n I218-V or I218-LM bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB and Deadwood D03 test iso || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 12.2in 1366 x 768 or 1080p - 1 ddr3l sodimm slot - no keyboard spill drainage and at least 2 variants of key caps - lenovo rectangle pwr ac - TPM 1.2 - Bluetooth 4.0 maybe - bottom panel with 8 retained screws - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad Edge E545 
* key cap swap with E440 E531 E540 L440 L450 T431S T440S T440P T540 
* Keyboard swap L540 T540p W540 Edge E531 E540 W541 T550 W550S L560 P50S T560 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Socket FS1r2 A6-5350M (2c2t) or A8-4500M, A8-5550M, A10-5750M (4c4t) with A76M FCH has sse4.1 and avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in 9.5mm - enter UEFI bios with Enter or ESC, config section, sata into compatibility and security, secure boot disabled - mini sata DVD burner PLSD DS8A9SH || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD 7640G, 8450G, 8550G, 8650G ?? Islands}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VOID for HDAudio 6.34 0x1022, 0x780d with Conexant CX20590 Analog 0x14f1, 0x506e CX20671 codec 0x14f1, 0x5069 or audio over Trinity HDMI}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|boots pen drives from yellow usb port but not from blue USB3 ones, issues with AMD usb3 hardware quirks}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 1GbE 8111F}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM43142 bios locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.3 USB works with noacpi added to end of grub2 boot line but not booting on AROS One 64bit 1.1 via usb2 stick or iso burnt to dvd || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 15.6in 1366 x 768 matt - 20v 65w 90w round lenovo plug psu - 2 DDR3 SODIMM slots 16GB Max - external 6 Cell Li-Ion Battery 48Wh l11s6y01 45n1043 - 2pin CR2032 CMOS battery in wifi area jp1202 - amd v(tm) virtualization not working - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo B40-70, B50-70, E40-70, E50-70 Y50-70 Notebook || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4400 with maybe GTX 860M or GTX 960M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC236, ALC233 (ALC3234), ALC283 (ALC892) || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;USB3 AROS Games distro || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;AMD platform codes
*Beema: ABM, 
*Carizzo-L: ACL,
*Carizzo: ACZ, 
*Godavari: AGR, 
*Kaveri: AKV, 
*Stoney Ridge: ASR,
*Stoney Ridge: AST (NB), 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
*Summit Ridge: ASU, 
*Bristol Ridge-L: ABL, 
*Bristol Ridge: ABR, 
*Raven Ridge: ARR, 
*Picasso: API 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad P50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i7-6820HQ || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Quadro M2000M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.laptop-schematics.com/db/78/V%20series%20laptops%20(Lenovo)/ V110-14AST (14in) V110-15AST, V110-14ISK V110-15ISK 80TL (15&quot;)],  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E1-9000, A6-9210 to A9-9410 all dual core and intel 6006u, 6100u, 6200u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 2.5in sata most 7mm some 9.5mm || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R2, R3, R5 or R6 or Intel Gfx}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 14in to 15.6in mostly 768p 220 nits - 20v 45W or 65W lenovo slim rectangle end ac - keyboard swap hard - integrated 24WHr battery - 4gb ddr4 ram soldered and 1 2133Mhz ddr4 slot max 12Gb - abs plastic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;
*ThinkPad A275 12in (1 ddr4 1866MHz sodimm) 
*Thinkpad A475 14in (2 ddr4 1866MHz sodimm) - both internal (main) and external (secondary) battery 
|| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A10-8730B A10-9700B 2.500Ghz later A12-8830B A12-9800B all 4c4t (AVX2 on 9000s) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|7mm 2.5in sata with mbr and not gpt, setup in another machine - secure boot disabled, bios startup boot set to legacy then uefi - WWAN slot cannot use M.2 2242 sata with M and B key}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD R5 or R7}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 6.34 ahi 0x1022, 0x157a with ALC3268 aka ALC298 codec 0x10ec, 0x0298 - VOID even with QUERY / QUERYD added}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|USB3 error on boot suspect AMD usb3 quirk}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 RTL8111EPV}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE WLAN whitelist locked cannot swap}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;{{maybe|AROSOne USB 32bit 1.8 with noacpi noapic noioapic added to grub2 boot line but Aros One 64bit 1.2 USB has krnPanic }} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit 12 or 14in 768p - 45W or 65w lenovo rectangle ac adapter - F1 enter bios and F12 boot order - 6 retained screws and snap on base - 2100 error message no solution except using only efi/gpt bios option - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;320S-15AST, 320S-15ABR, ideapad Slim 1-11AST-05 81VR || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9220e, AMD A6-9225, A9-9425, A10-9600P 7th Gen || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe| Vesa 2D for AMD}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 or Realtek RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AVX2 - 14in or 15.6&quot; 768p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Ideapad S145-14AST S145-15AST 81N3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9225, A9-9425, A10-9600P 7th Gen, AMD A12-9720P Mobo 5B20P11110 NMB341 Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8670A 8670M 8690M GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 or Realtek RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AVX2 - 14in or 15.6&quot; 768p or 1080p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Ideapad V145-14AST V145-15AST, 81mt, Ideapad 310, Ideapad 320-15ABR, Ideapad 330-14AST 330-15AST 330-17AST || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-9225, A9-9425 (2c2t), A10-9600P 7th Gen, AMD A12-9720P Mobo 5B20P11110 NMB341 Bristol Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|sata 2.5in with optional dvd}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Radeon 8670A 8670M 8690M GCN 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with ALC3240-va3-cg aka ALC236? codec 0x10de, 0x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 8106E 10/100 only}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros QCA9377 or Realtek RTL8821CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit AVX2 - 14in or 15.6&quot; 768p or 1080p - 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 45w 65w slim ac adapter - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V330-14ARR 81B1, V330-15ARR 81, 330-14ARR 81 330-15ARR 81D2 - battery internal about 30whr || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R3 2200U, 2300U or R5 2500U Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 nvme/sata, optional 2.5in sata but no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 3, 6 or 8 up to 1Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio 0x1002, 0x15de with Realtek® ALC5682I-VD codec 0x10de, 0x or coxenant CX11802 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek 1GbE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14&quot; 768p 20mm thick 1.8kg - 20v 2.25a 45w ac round barrel - chiclet keyboard - 4Gb soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm - TPM 2.0 in bios - 4GB soldered - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad 330s-14ARR, 330s-15ARR, ideapad 330S-14IKB, 330S-15IKB,  - battery internal about 30whr || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R3 2200U, 2300U or R5 2500U Raven Ridge || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|nvme}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD or Intel 610, 620 up to 1Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14&quot; 20mm thick 1.8kg - 20v 2.25a 45w ac round barrel - chiclet keyboard - 4Gb soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm - TPM 2.0 in bios - 4GB soldered - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad Edge E485 E585 - internal battery only || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen R3 2300U R5 2500U R7 2700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|m.2 nvme optional 1 2.5in sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Vega 3, 8 or 10}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with CX11852 codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 rtl8111GUS}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in or 15.6in 768p or 1080p - USB-C 20V 2.25A 3.25A avoid knocking charging port as damages easily - 2 ddr4 sodimm slot max 2400Mhz 32GB - TPM 2.0 software - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad A285 - internal and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen PRO 3 2200U 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|m.2 nvme/sata}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with ALC ALC3287 codec aka ALC257 }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Mini-Ethernet/Docking}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm - WLAN whitelist no more??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 12.5in 1080p - avoid usb-c port being lifted/moved whilst in use as damages laptop easily - soldered ram 8gb or 16gb  - WWAN whitelist - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad A485 bios setting [https://github.com/PSPReverse/PSPTool AMD PSP Platform Security Processor Key] - internal and external battery || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen PRO 5 2500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata port and m.2 nvme port || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with ALC ALC3287 codec aka ALC 257 }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111GUL}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi - WLAN whitelist no more??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 14in 768p, 1080p or 1440p - avoid usb-c port being lifted/moved whilst in use as damages laptop easily - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots max 32gb - WWAN whitelist - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.diy-laptoprepair.com/forum/fix-Lenovo-V155-15-repair-guide-schematics.php Lenovo v155-15api 81V5] V155 (15&quot; AMD) budget all plastic build - MS new protocol, HID over I2C so [https://askubuntu.com/questions/1033033/elantech-touchpad-does-not-work-i2c-hid i2c] [https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/drivers/input/mouse/elantech.c?h=v6.17 i2c] [https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/v4.16/input/devices/elantech.html PS2 hybrid trackpad] [https://cgit.freebsd.org/src/tree/sys/dev/atkbdc/psm.c?h=releng/14.3 elantech] [https://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/src/sys/dev/pckbc/?only_with_tag=OPENBSD_7_8_BASE i2c-hid] 04F3:3140 touchpad not working - internal sunwoda battery L18D3PF1, L18L3PF1, L18C3PF2 35Whr most dead after 5 years || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' Ryzen 5 3500U and Ryzen 3 3200U - '''untested''' AMD Athlon 300U with bios winbond 25q64fwsiq soic 1.8v bios near nvme || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 M.2 nvme and usually 2.5in 7mm sata - install on mbr not gpt 2.5in in another compatible machine - mini sata dvd/cd da-8aesh11b will boot cd or dvd aros || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D to 1080p work for Vega 3 or 8 with up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken but hdmi 1.4b no output}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio add 0x1022, 0x15E3 with ALC3287 aka Realtek ALC257 codec 0x10ec, 0x0257 with 32bit on external speaker and most of the time works on 64bit}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|2 USB3.0 usb-a, on left hand side, detected but not working}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 RTL8111GUS works well with 32bit and 64bit}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Intel wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 AROS One 2.8 DVD 32bit and AROS One x64 1.1 and 1.2 iso DVD burnt but not USB boot || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6in 768p or 1080p 200nits tn panel - 4Gb ddr4 2400MHz soldered with 1 dimm slot max 20Gb - round ac 20V 65W psu 4.0mm x 1.7mm - Fn+F2 to enter bios and F12 boot order - no sd card slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V15-ADA 82C700E4UK- elan touchpad not working - internal battery 34whr L16M2PB2 l16l2pb3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD r5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD + 1x M.2 SSD NVMe near fan, no cd dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3, 8 with up to 1080p with 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio 6.36 0x1022, 0x15E3 with R155189 ALC236 codec 0x10ec, 0x0236 on 32bit and on 64bit}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3 USB3, on left hand side,}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 3500U with Aros One 32bit 2.8 installed to 2.5in drive on another machine and same for 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 768p on low spec machines to 1080p - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - sd card slot - noisy fan - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V15-ADA 82C7 - elan touchpad not working - internal battery 34whr L16M2PB2 l16l2pb3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Silver 3020e, Ryzen 3 3050U, 3150U, 3250U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD + 1x M.2 SSD NVme near fan, no cd dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3, 8 with up to 1080p with 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio 6.36 0x1022, 0x15E3 with RTS5119 R155119 ALC230 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3 USB3.0, on left hand side,}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 Aros One 32bit 2.8 and 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 768p on low spec machines to 1080p - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - sd card slot - for this mbd bios ram disable doesn't work - noisy fan - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo V14-ADA 82C6, - elan touchpad not working - if blank black display, bios bug going from uefi-&gt;legacy so reset bios rhs push in with pin, then Down, ent, Right x3, ent, up, ent, right, ent x2 - internal battery 34whr L16M2PB2 l16l2pb3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' 3250U - '''untested''' AMD Athlon Silver 3020e, Ryzen 3 3050U, 3150U - for this mbd GV451&amp;GV551 NM-D151 bios ram disable doesn't work || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD if cbl + 1x M.2 SSD NVMe near fan, no cd dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3 up to 1080p with 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio 6.36 0x1022, 0x15E3 with Realtek ALC3223 RTS5119 R185199 aka ALC230 codec 0x10ec, 0x0230 on 32bit and on 64bit}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3 USB3, on left hand side,}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 AMD 3250U with Aros One 32bit 2.8 installed to 2.5in drive on another machine and same for 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 768p on low spec machines to 1080p - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - sd card slot - F2 bios F12 select - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad 1 14ADA5 (low spec cpus) ideaPad 3 14ADA05, IdeaPad 3 15ADA05 81W100QVUK, IdeaPad 3 17ADA05 - elan touchpad not working - internal battery 34whr L16M2PB2 l16l2pb3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon Silver 3020e, Ryzen 3 3050U, 3150U, 3250U, Ryzen 5 3500U on mobo NM-C821 REV 0.2 1.0 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1x 2.5&quot; HDD if cbl + 1x M.2 SSD NVMe near fan, no cd dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3, 8 up to 1080p with 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio 6.36 0x1022, 0x15E3 with ALC230 codec 0x10ec, 0x0230 on 32bit and on 64bit}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3 USB3, on left hand side,}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Qualcomm wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2025 Aros One 32bit 2.8 installed to 2.5in drive on another machine and same for 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14 or 15.6in 768p on low spec machines to 1080p - 4GB soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 2pin cr2032 cmos coin battery - sd card slot - F2 bios F12 boot select - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo IdeaPad L340-15API 81LW001CUS L340-17API - elan trackpad not functioning - internal battery L18M3PF2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon 300U, Ryzen 3 3200U r5 3500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 M.2 nvme and usually 2.5in sata if ribbon cable present - mini sata dvd/cd da-8aesh11b || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 3 or 8 with up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken - hdmi 1.4b}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio add 0x1022, 0x15E3 with Realtek ALC236 0x10ec, 0x0236}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 not detected}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111GUS}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek or Intel wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.8 USB - install on mbr not gpt 2.5in in another compatible machine || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 15.6in 768p or 1080p 200nits - 4Gb ddr4 2400MHz soldered with 1 dimm slot max 20Gb - round ac 20V 65W psu 4.0mm x 1.7mm - Return or F1 to enter bios and F12 boot order - no sd card slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.laptop-schematics.com/db/78/T%20series%20laptops%20(ThinkPad)/ ThinkPad T295 T495] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3300U, R5 Pro 3500U or R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe up to 2280 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6, 8 or 10 up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111EPV}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE or Intel AC 9260}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 14in 768p but mostly FHD 1080p 250 nits - internal battery - ram 8gb or 16gb 2400Mhz soldered with 1 ddr4 slot on T495 only - TPM 2.0 - usb-c charging avoid knock whilst in use - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T495s (14in) X395 (13in) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 3300U, R5 Pro 3500U or R7 3700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe up to 2280 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA Vega 6, 8 or 10 up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk| needs Lenovo ThinkPad Ethernet Adapter Gen 2 SC10P42352 or SC10P42354}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8822BE or Intel AC 9260 wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 13in or 14in 768p but mostly FHD 1080p 250 nits - internal battery - ram 8gb or 16gb 2400Mhz soldered - TPM 2.0 - usb-c charging avoid knock whilst in use - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E14 Gen2, E15 Gen 2 (AMD) 20T8,  - lenovo has a mobile phone PC Diagnostic App for error/beep codes || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 4300U, 5 4500U, 7 4700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 m.2 nvme, 1 2242 and 1 2280 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD Radeon up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with ALC ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111GUS}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 15.6in 1080p 220 nits - TPM 2.0 - usb-c charging of internal 45Whr battery - 4gb ddr4 3200Mhz soldered and 1 ddr4 sodimm slot max 20Gb - keyboard swap problematic - plastic bendy case - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad T14 Gen 1, ThinkPad P14s Gen 1 (AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 4300u, 5 4500U, Ryzen 5 Pro 4650U, Ryzen 7 Pro 4750U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 0x10EC, 0x0257}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111EPV (DASH models) or RTL8111HN}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - USB-C charging avoid moving whilst in use - 14&quot; or 15&quot; 1080p - keyboard swap problematic - 8gb or 16gb 3200MHz soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - sd card slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkpad L14 Gen 1, L15 Gen 1, || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 4300u, 5 4500U, Ryzen 5 Pro 4650U, Ryzen 7 Pro 4750U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for AMD Vega }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 0x10EC, 0x0257}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle RTL8111EPV (DASH models) or RTL8111HN}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - USB-C charger avoid moving whilst in use - 14&quot; or 15&quot; 1080p - keyboard swap problematic - 8gb or 16gb 3200MHz soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - sd card slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkPad X13 Gen1 AMD,  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD RYZEN 3 4450U, 5 4650U or 7 4750U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;One drive, up to 512GB M.2 2242 SSD or 1TB M.2 2280 SSD NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA Radeon up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| but USB-C ports can fail}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8111EPV, mini RJ-45 to RJ-45 via optional ThinkPad Ethernet Extension Adapter Gen 2}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek Wi-Fi 6 RTL8852AE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 13.3&quot; HD 1366x768 to 1080p - USB-C port care needed as damages easily - Memory soldered to systemboard, no slots, dual-channel DDR4-3200 - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkBook 14 G2, 15 G2 Are || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 4500u, 7 4700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;14in has 2 m.2 nvme but 15in has 1 nvme and might have 2.5in sata metal caddy if smaller battery version || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d for AMD Radeon up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC???? codec 0x10EC, 0x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit - 14in or 15in 1080p - usb-c charging but high failure rate on the charging port - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot 3200mhz - hinge(s) issues - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad 5 14ARE05 (81YM), Ideapad 5 15ARE05 (), IdeaPad 3 17ARE05 (model 81W5) - elan touchpad MSFT0004:00 06CB:CD98 not working || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;'''tested''' 4500u - '''untested''' AMD 3 4300U (4c4t), 4600U (6c12t), 7 4700u (8c16t) on AMD Promontory Bixby FCH || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{no|1x M.2 2242 slot and 1x M.2 2280 NVMe which will take sata m.2 will boot to grub then laptop reset after choice}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D for Vega 6 via hdmi output up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio 6.36 0x1637 0x15e3 with Realtek ALC3287 aka ALC257 codec 0x10ec 0x0257}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 or 3.2 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel ax200 wifi 6}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;4500u with AROS One 64bit 1.2 usb installed to m.2 sata on another machine || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 14inch 768p or 1080p - round lenovo ac - 4gb, 8gb, or 16gb ddr4 3200Mhz ram soldered with 1 slot - keyboard swap problematic - integrated battery  - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Ideapad Flex 5 81X2, Lenovo Yoga 6 13ALC6 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD R5 4500u, R7 4800U, R3 5300 R5 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 NVMe ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA AMD Vega up to 2Gb of soldered ram memory taken}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with ALC? codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3.1 gen 1}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|realtek ac wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit abs plastic case 14in convertible 1080p touch low nits - 65w usb-c psu ac - possible wacom esr note taking pen supplied - ram soldered DDR4 - keyboard swap problematic - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14 Gen 2, P14s Gen 2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 5850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with ALC3287-CG codec 0x10EC, 0x0}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 - usb-c power 90% failure rate on the charging port - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo ThinkBook 14 G3, 15 G3 ACL, || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 5500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 14in or 15in 1080p - usb-c charging powered - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E14 G3, E15 Gen 3 (AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 5300U 5500U 5650U 5700U 5800U  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;up to 2 m.2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 RTL8111GUS}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|realtek or intel }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - - usb-c charging issues - keyboard swap problematic - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 3200Mhz sodimm slot - plastic bendy case -  
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V14 Gen 2 (82KA, 82KC)
*ALO 
*ALC 82KD
 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 5300U, 5 5500U, 7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme 2280 and optional 2.5in sata after sourcing ribbon cable and connector, no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 15.6&quot; FHD 1080p - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 65w round ac adaptor - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V15 G2 Gen2 (82KB, 82KD)
*ALO 
*ALC 82KD
 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 3 5300U, 5 5500U, 7 5700U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme 2280 and optional 2.5in sata after sourcing ribbon cable and connector, no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H-CG}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 15.6&quot; FHD 1080p - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 sodimm slot - 65w round ac adaptor - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad L15 Gen 2 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 5000 series AMD Ryzen 3 5400U (4c8t), 5 5600U, 5 5650U (6c12t), 7 PRO 5850U (8c16t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek® ALC3287}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle RTL8111EPV (DASH models) or RTL8111HN}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 15.6in 768p or 1080p - usb-c charging - 4gb soldered with 1 ddr4 3200Mhz sodimm slot - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E14 Gen 4, E15 Gen 4 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 3 5425u, 5 5625U, 7 5825u || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 (14&quot;) or 2 (15&quot;) nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 15.6in 1080p - usb-c charging - 4gb or 8gb soldered with 1 ddr4 3200Mhz sodimm slot - L19M3PDA 45Whr battery - U24 TPS65994 and QB6 QB5 mosfet issues - plastic bendy case - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14 Gen 3 Machine types MT 21AH 21AJ 21CF and 21CG, P14s Gen 3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 6850U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| ALC3287-VA2-CG codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 14in 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14s Gen 3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 6500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| ALC3287-VA2-CG codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Ethernet support via optional Lenovo® USB-C® to Ethernet Adapter}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 14in 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;V14 G3, V15 G3 Gen3 ALC || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ryzen 5 6500U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme and optional 2.5in sata if smaller 38Wh battery and after sourcing ribbon cable and connector, no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 15&quot;FHD - battery BYD L20B2PFO - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad L15 Gen 3 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 6000 series || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit- 15.6in 1080p - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Yoga 7 14ARB7 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 5, 6600U, 7 6800U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 660M or 680M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with ALC3306 aka alc287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 14in 1800p ips 300 nits - usb-c ac charging 71whr integrated battery - sd card slot - digital pen input - 8gb, 6gb or 32gb soldered ddr5 ram - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14 Gen 4, P14s Gen 4 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen Pro 5 7540U, Ryzen Pro 7 7840U (AI NPU) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD 740M 780M|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 14in 1920x1200 - 8gb, 16gb or 32gb lpddr5 soldered - usb-c charging - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad E14 g5, E15 Gen 5 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7000 series Ryzen 5-7530U, 7-7730U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit- 15.6in 1080p - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkbook 14 G6 ABP IRL, ThinkBook 16 G6ABP (21KK001CUK) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 7530U 7730U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 untested}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 14in 1200p or 1440p - 100W USB-C AC power adapter - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;IdeaPad Slim 5 Light 14ABR8 Laptop || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 3 7330U (4c8t) 5 7530U (6c12t) 7 7730U (8c16t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 m.2 nvme slot - 1 2242, 1 2280 || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio with Realtek® ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 14in 1080p - 8Gb or 16Gb soldered ram - usb-c charging only - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad X13 Gen 4 (13&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7480U 7040U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 - avoid usb-c port damage - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad L14 (Gen4), L15 Gen 4 (15&quot; AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;MD Ryzen 5 PRO 7530U, 7480U 7040U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|VESA}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - elan trackpad - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Gen 4 V14 (82YT, 82YV, 83A0, 83A1, 83CC, 83FR, 82YX, 83FG), V15 (82YU, 82YW, 83FS, 82YY, 83CR), V17 (83A2),  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD AMD Athlon™ Gold 7220U (2c4t), AMD Athlon™ Silver 7120U (2c2t), AMD Ryzen™ 3 7320U (4c8t), AMD Ryzen™ 5 7520U (4c8t) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme and 2.5in sata if smaller 38Wh battery, no dvd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d for AMD 610M HDMI® and USB-C}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDaudio  with ALC3287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Gigabit Ethernet, 1x RJ-45}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|wifi 6}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit - 15.6&quot; FHD 1080p - 8 or 16Gb soldered - 65W round tip (3-pin) AC adapter or USB-C - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad e14 G6, e15 Gen 6 (15″, AMD) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 7000 series AMD Ryzen™ 7 7735HS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D for AMD Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit- 15.6in 1080p - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad L16 (16&quot; AMD),  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 8000 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme  || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2D || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB4}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|rtl8169 needs dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad T14 Gen 5, P14s Gen 5 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 8840U, AMD Ryzen™ 5 PRO 8540U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVME || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169 }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 14inch 1920 x 1200 - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt; Lenovo WinBook 300e SKU: 82GKS00000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 3015E  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit 4GB 64GB SSD 11.6 Inch Touchscreen Windows 10 Pro Laptop 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Yoga Slim 7a || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Ryzen AI 7350 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 860M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDaudio with ALC3306 aka alc287 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| wifi}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 14in 1800p ips 300 nits - usb-c ac charging 71whr integrated battery - sd card slot - digital pen input - 8gb, 6gb or 32gb soldered ddr5 ram - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkPad  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Samsung====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;2%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-Q1 Q1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron-M 353 ULV 600Mhz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1.8&quot; SFF HDD 20 / 60 GB }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 915 2D and 3D opengl1 tunnel 95 gearbox 68}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec - head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Yes|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit old style tablet UltraMobile PC UMPC - Wacom serial resistive pen or finger no support - 1 sodimm ddr2 max 1Gb - LCD 7&quot; WVGA (800 x 480) - CompactFlash port Type II - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP Q1U Ultra Mobile PC UMPC Q1F NP-Q1-F000 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel A100 600 / A110 Stealey 800 MHz CPU || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|GMA 950 2D and 3D opengl1}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio 1986}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Atheros 5006EX}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 1024×600 - sd card slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP P500 family P500Y || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA Ati x1250}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| Audio with  codec }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8039 yukon}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros G}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit possible - 15.4 tft display - cheap plastic okay build - 19v propriety end - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R505 R510 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros G || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;R520 R522 R610H R620 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Mobile Core i3 Intel PM45 82801M ICH9-M|| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 4650 (RV730)  || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC272  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell Yukon 88E8057 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR5007EG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64 bit possible 
|-
| NP-R530 ||  || {{N/A}} || {{partial|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Marvell}} || {{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || Icaros 1.5.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung R730 17.3 Essential Notebook NP-R730-JA02UK, NP-R730-JA01SE, R730-JT06 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel HM55 Dual Core T4300 i3-370M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA for Intel 4500MHD and GeForce G 310M with 1 VGA, 1 HDMI}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio ALC??? codec Realtek}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell Yukon 88E8059 PCI-E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Broadcom, Intel or Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods ISO 2023-11 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit - 17.3in HD 1280 x 720 pixels low contrast or some 1600x900 - 2 DDR3 sodimm slots - 2.84 kg 6.26 lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Samsung-305U1A-A01DE-Subnotebook.68246.0.html Series 3 Samsung 305u1a] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Zacate E350 or E450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC ACL 269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom 4313 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NP-RV415 NP-RV515 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E350 or E450 plus A50M chipset || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 6470 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|RTL8169 Realtek RTL8111 8168B}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Series 5 NP535U3C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4455M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit slow - 13.3in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;series 3 NP355V5C || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A6-4400M, A8-4500M, A10-4600M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;7640M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - 15.4in 1368 x 768 - plastic build - 65w 19v psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung ATIV Book 9 Lite NP905S3G || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A6-1450 quad 1GHz Temash atom like || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;128gb || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8250 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek rtl8169 but only with mini LAN AA-AE2N12B Ethernet Adapter RJ45 dongle}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9565}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 13.3 TN glossy 1366 x 768 200nits 60% srgb - plastic case - 26W battery built in with 4hr life - 19V 2.1A 3.0*1.0mm psu - 1 ddr3l slot max 4gb - 720p webcam - mini hdmi out - 1w speakers - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Toshiba====

[[#top|...to the top]]

Order of Build Quality (Lowest to highest) 
&lt;pre &gt;
Equium 
Satellite (Pro) 
Libretto 
Portege
Tecra
&lt;/pre &gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Tecra 8100 8200 9000 || 440BX || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|S3 Savage MX 3D (VESA only)}} || {{no|Yamaha DS-XG ymf744 ymf-754}} || {{yes|USB1.1 only}} || {{N/A}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.5 || little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra 9100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;810 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|S3 Savage IX}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|ymf754}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 1.1 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;eeee pro100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PSU Adapter For Toshiba Tecra 9000 9100 A1 A10 A11 A3 A3X A4 A5 A7 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 M7 M9 R10 S1 series 75 Watt 15V 5A
|-
| [http://tuxmobil.org/toshiba_sp4600.html Satellite Pro 4600] || i810 || IDE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Trident Cyber Blade XP (VESA only)}} || {{no|YAMAHA DS-XG AC97 ymf754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel e100}} || {{no|Agere (internal PCMCIA)}} || || little support 
|-
| Satellite 2805 S603 || Intel 815 || {{yes|IDE}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|nVidia GeForce2 Go}} || {{no|Yamaha Corp YMF 754}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100}} || {{dunno}} || || little support
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A10 S167 S1291 - A15 A20 A25 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GM or Radeon || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel 2100, Agere or Atheros PA3399U 1MPC minipci}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;a few models came with antenna leads 
|-
| Satellite [http://eu.computers.toshiba-europe.com/innovation/jsp/SUPPORTSECTION/discontinuedProductPage.do?service=EU&amp;com.broadvision.session.new=Yes&amp;PRODUCT_ID=76230 A30-714] || P4-M / 82845 i845 || {{yes|82801}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|RTL8139}} || {{N/A}} || Icaros 1.2.4 || nice laptop, drawbacks: heavy, really hot (P4-3.06 GHz!!) - A30 (EU) A33 (Australian) A35 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A40 A45 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - A40 S161 A40-S1611 A40-2701, A45-S120 A45-S1201 S130 S1301 S1501  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a50 A55 a60-s156 Equium A60 PSA67E A65 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A70 A75-S206 A80 A85-S107 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P4M or Celeron-M with Intel 845 865 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 852GME or Radeon 7000 Mobility || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5002G 5004G - PA3299U mini-pci || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - 
|-
| Toshiba Satellite Pro M30 || intel 855 || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma option}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|Intel PRO/100 VE}} || {{dunno}} || Icaros 1.5 || nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Portege M300 - M200 tablet || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;855GM with 1.2GHz Pentium M 753 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d only - tablet with nvidia 5200 go}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 STAC 9750}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO 100}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra M2 M2-S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 855P Pentium-M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;nvidia fx go5200 32mb or 64mb agp || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel Pro || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - PSU 15V 5A - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L20 267 (PSL2YE PSL2XE) PSL25E L30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Celeron M 370 1.4 1.5GHz, 1.73Ghz with RC410M SB400 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA - Ati x200}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|[https://forums.gentoo.org/viewtopic-t-490297-start-0.html ALC861]}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Boots usb sticks}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8139 Realtek 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros mini-pci should work maybe not working with ATi chipset or need to swap??}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit 14&quot; pioneer dvd-rw - 19v 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L30 PSL30E L33 PSL33E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 800 or ATi RC410 x200 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 AD1981B or HD Audio ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;L30 PSL30L 101 PSL33E 113 115 134 00M019 - 
|-
| Satellite Pro M40 313 psm44e || AMD with Ati || {{yes|boots with ATA=nodma}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|VESA}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{yes|}} || {{maybe|atheros askey ar5bmb5 mini pci}} || || 2005 32bit - nice laptop with some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L40 PSL40E PSL40L, PSL43E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with  U7700 1.3GHz ULV || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only -  - 12X 13G 139 14B 143 15J 19O  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L45 PSL40U S7409 S2416 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with Celeron M 440 1.86 GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|Intel HD with AD1986A codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR24xx Askey || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.0.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit only - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;940G || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia G72M Quadro NVS 110M GeForce Go 7300 / Ati (PSAA3E)|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC861 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 swap with atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A110 159 (PSAB0), Equium A110 (PSAB2E), Satellite A110 233 (PSAB6),  || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC861 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8136 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 PSAC0 PSAC1 PSAC1E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Solo GMA 950 to T2300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 945 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 or AC97 AD1981B || &lt;!--USB--&gt;UHCI EHCI  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros Ar5001 or Intel or Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15V 4A charger - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro A120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core Duo ATi RS480 + SB450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA - ATI RC410 Radeon Xpress 200M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC262 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;OCHI UHCI || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel 3945 or Atheros Ar5001 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;15v 5a proprietary charger needed 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satelite A130 PSAD6U || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;ST1311 s1311 ST1312 S2276 S2386  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A135 S2686 (Compal LA 3391P) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8101E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros or Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;S2246 S2346 S2256 S4477 S4666 S4827  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite A200 PSAE1E (Inventec MW10M) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M with 945GM Express Celeron M 520 1.6Ghz or Pentium® Core Duo T2130 1.86 GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio ALC862}}|| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8101E rtl8139}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000 - FN,F5 or FN,F8 or switch}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Excellent 32 bit support! - make sure that your WLAN card is enabled, do this using the hardware switch and FN+F8 key combination 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; A210, Satellite A215 AMD (Inventec 10A) S5808 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati with SB690 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA HD2600 Mobility M76}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC268 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2018 AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;A215-S7422 A215-S7472 A215-S4697 (USA) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; [http://www.amiga.org/forums/showthread.php?t=62036 A215 S4757] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Ati X1200 with SB600 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}|| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes| }}|| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8101E}}|| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{yes|Atheros 5000}}|| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 AspireOS 1.8 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Qosmio G30 (PQG31C-HD202E) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945 with Duo T2500 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Nouveau Nvidia Go 7600 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - 17&quot; UXGA 1920x1200, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Tecra A10 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|Intel GMA 4500M (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO 1000}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel WiFi Link 5100}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64 bit possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L35 - L40 PSL48E - L45 S7423 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GL960 with Intel Celeron || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|X3100 some 2D but software 3d tunnel 9 gearbox 4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC660 codec playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|REALTEK 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8187b replace with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;1,73Ghz  M 520 or M 540 or Dual T2310 (1.46 GHz)  T2330 (1.6 GHz) - 14H 14N 15B 17H 17K 17R 17S 18Z - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite a300 - inventec potomac 10s pt10s A300D 21H || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ATI Mobility Radeon HD 3650 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio - Realtek || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros 5005 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite L300D-224 PSLC8E PSLC9E, l305 (inventec ps10s) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD M780 with Turion RM70 or QL-64 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Radeon 3100}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC268}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros G XB63L or Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros Desktop Live 2.3 AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Wireless-handler crashing when using Atheros-Wireless-Card
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite P300 (PSPC0C-01D01C) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM with Intel Core 2 Duo T5750 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|  codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| swap with Atheros 5k }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 64bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l300-1bw PSLBDE-005005AR, L300-148 PSLB0E, l300-20D PSLB8E-06Q007EN, l300-294 L300-23L PSLB9E || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel GM45 + PGA478 socket Celeron 900, Pentium T1600, T2390, T3400 (Socket P) to Core2 Duo T6400 T6670 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{unk|IDE}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{unk|SATA}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA for Intel gma 4500M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC???}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{unk|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{unk|rtl8169 Realtek 810xE}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64-bit  - new unfamiliar Bios called insyde H20 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;satellite l350d || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Athlon (tm) X2 QL-60 + RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3100 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8187b || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite L450 12 13 14 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD Sempron, 2.1GHz with AMD RS780M || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 3200 (based on HD 2400) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek 8172 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 12X 13P 13X 14V PSLY6E00C006EN 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro L450 (Compal LA-5821P) 179 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel celeron 900 2.20 Ghz no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel 4500m || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8101 /2 /6E PCI Express Gigabit || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;RTL8191 SEvB || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 39.6cm (15.6”) Toshiba TruBrite® HD TFT 16:9 768p 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Toshiba Satellite P775, P775-S7320 and P775-10K || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i5 (2nd Gen) 2430M i7-2630QM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2D for Intel}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 17.3&quot; - 1600 x 900 (HD+) - 2 DDR3 sodimm max 16Gb - 
|-
|&lt;!--Name--&gt;Toshiba Satellite C660D-19X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E-300 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D for ATi}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio with Realtek codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|r8169 rtl8101e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8188 8192ce rtl8192ce}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;L755D (E-350) L750D (E-450) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E350 E450 no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6310 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio conexant codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Satellite Pro SP C640 C660D-15X (PSC1YE) C670D- () || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD E350  no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6310G || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Realtek ALC259 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2  || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;C70D-A C75D-A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E1-1200 no sse4.1 or avx || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|AMD HD8330}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HA Audio CX20751 11Z}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8162 alx}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8188e}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
|}

====Misc====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Time 500 Packard Bell EasyOne 1450 1550 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;K6-3 500Mhz + VIA MVP4 vt82c686a || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|Issues}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|VIA AC97 3058 with wolfson  codec WM9703 WM9704 WM9707 WM9708 or WM9717}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 3038 2 ports USB 1.1 untested || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;NB May 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2001 32bit grub runs but stalls around [PCI] Everything OK 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX201/FX202 FX210/FX215 FX401/FX402 FX404/FX405 972M, FX501/FX502 FX504/FX505 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA KT133A KM133 Duron 800Mhz Athlon 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{partial|boot issue with 2013 kernel VIA [rev 06]}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage Mobility Pro (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|VIA AC97 686b [rev 50] AD1881A Ear phone and Mic}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|issues}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Nightly 1st March 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;booting usb pendrive from Plop Boot Loader floppy (no bios USB boot). Can freeze coz hardware issue or a ram slot problem - no support for iLink firewire VT8363/8365 pci - vt82c686b 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX601/FX602, FX604/FX605 FXA53(US), FX701/FX702, FX704/FX705, FX801/FX802 FX804/FX805 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA KT133A KM133 Duron 800Mhz Athlon 1.3Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{partial|boot issue with 2013 kernel VIA [rev 06]}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|ATI Rage Mobility Pro (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|VIA AC97 686b [rev 50] AD1881A Ear phone and Mic}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|issues}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8139}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Nightly 1st March 2013 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;booting usb pendrive somes works
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio PCG FX100 R505LE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel i815 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Use VESA Intel 82815 CGC || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel ICH AC97 with ADI AD1881A codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;PCG-FX105 FX105K PCG-FX108 FX108K PCG-FX109 FX109K FX200 FX203/FX203K FX205 FX205K FX209 FX209K FX220 [http://juljas.net/linux/vaiofx240/ FX240] FX250 FX270 FX290 FX301 FX302 FX340 FX370 FX390 FX403 FX503 FX950
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| Sony VAIO VGN X505VP || Pentium M ULV and Intel 855GM || {{yes}} || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|Intel 855 (VESA only)}} || {{yes|AC97}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|Intel PRO 100 VE}} || {{N/A}} || || 2004 32bit - 0.38 inches at its thinnest point - first laptop to feature a &quot;chiclet&quot; keyboard resemble Chiclets gum - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Z505LE Z505JE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Rage Mobility M1 AGP mach64 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;no Yamaha DS-XG PCI YMF744 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel 8255x based PCI e100 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;n/a || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-18 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma for i915}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SigmaTel}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2 }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8139C}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel swap for atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Deadwoods' D02 test || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-29 CF-30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use VESA || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SigmaTel || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8139C || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Microstar PR210 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use VESA ATi RS690M}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio through speaker / head phones but not hdmi}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8111 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros AR242x AR542x aw-ge780 mini pci-e || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - ENE PCI based SD card with no bios boot option 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advent 7106 EAA-88 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Pentium M 1.7GHz with 915GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D and 3D tunnel 187 gearbox 67}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 Intel ICH6 with Conexant Cx20468 31 codec playback head phones only}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 2200BG Fn/F2 replaced with atheros mini pci in small base panel - startup errors in wireless manager}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.1 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 32bit 14&quot; cheap rubbish sadly - fan noise through audio channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Motion Computing LE1600 PC Slate || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;915 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;915 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel AC97 SigmaTel STAC9758 9759  || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel PRO Wireless 2200BG || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 serial Wacom digitiser not usb
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughbook CF-51 CF-P1 CF-T5 CF-Y2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GMS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Broadcom || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony Vaio VGN-AR11S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ntel Core Duo T2500 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes| Nvidia Go 7600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 32bit || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - 17&quot; 1920x1200 - blu-ray - 
|-
| Sony Vaio VGN SR29VN || Intel ICH9 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy}} || {{partial|ATI HD 3400 (VESA only)}} || {{partial|HD Audio (too quiet)}} || {{yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 8040}} || {{no|Intel 5100}} || Icaros 1.5 || 2007 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse XM Class DELL WYSE Xn0m LAPTOP || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD T-G56N 1.6 1.65Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;decased 2.5in ssd || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only AMD 6320}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|EHCI 2.0 with NEC uPD720200 USB 3.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek rtl8169 8111E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 93xx}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 1366 x 768 14&quot; - 2 ddr3l slots max 16gb - 19v coax barrel plug psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Ge40 Ge60 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 4 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 860M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Killer}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GE62 2QF Apache Pro || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 5  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 970M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Killer }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GS65 Stealth || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i7-8750H and later i7-9750H || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce GTX 1060 or 1070 Max Q, GTX 1660 Ti, RTX 2080 Max-Q || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|US3}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte P35X || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GTX 980M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughpad FZ-G1 MK2 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Core i5-3437U, 1.9GHz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ToughPad FZ-G1 Mk3 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Core i5-4310U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 4400 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio Codec ALC255 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://wiki.recessim.com/view/Panasonic_Toughpad_FZ-G1_MK4 Panasonic Toughpad FZ-G1 MK4] || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel 6300U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 520 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC256 codec - o/c or s/c fails early || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 but options on the right hand side of screen case}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|intel ac 8260}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 10.1in 1600x1200 - 4gb ddr3l soldered - waterproof pen left hand side base - optional slot-in 4g lte and sdhc - 16v 4.06A 64.96W panasonic barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Panasonic Toughpad FZ-G1 MK5 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel i5-7300U || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 620 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC295 codec - o/c or s/c fails early || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 but optional usb2 plugin r.h.s. of screen casing}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 8gb ddr3l soldered - 10.1&quot; WUXGA 1920 x 1200 with LED backlighting  screen 2-800 nit - 10-point capacitive multi touch + Waterproof Digitizer pen l.h.s - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ToughPad FZ-M1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® Core TM m5-6Y57 vPro TM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel HD 4200 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no| }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 7in 800p - 8gb ddr3l soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Wireless || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Any Razor Razer laptops || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;AVOID unable to remove secure boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Netbook=== 

[[#top|...to the top]]

* PC to write Aros image onto an USB pendrive with Raspberry PI writer, USB writer or Rufus for boot purposes on a netbook 
* SD card sometimes can boot like Dell 2100,  EeePC 1001P, ASUS EeePC 900, acer aspire one d150, MSI Wind U100, 


====Acer Packard Bell Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Aspire One AOA110 (A110) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D and 3D) tunnel 99 and gearbox 84 score}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}} || {{Yes|rtl8169 RTL8101E}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || 2016 AspireOS 1.8, 2025 Aros One 2.6 32bit USB || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel A13-045N2A 19V2.37A 45W 5.5x1.7mm - 
|-
| Aspire One AOA150 (A150) (ZG5) || Intel 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and accelerated 3D with tunnel 99 and gearbox 84.1 result}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || {{Yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{Yes|rtl8169 RTL8101E}} || {{Yes|AR5006}} atheros 5k || 2016 AspireOS 1.8, 2025 aros one 2.6 32bit USB || 2007 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD150 D150 (Compal LA-4781P), AOD110 D110 (ssd) || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HDAudio with alc272}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros AR8121 AR8113 AR8114 l1e}} || {{Maybe|AR5007EG AR5BXB63 works but Broadcom BCM4312 has no support}} || 2010 Icaros Desktop 1.3, 2024 Aros one 32bit USB || 2008 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| Aspire One (ZG8) || Intel 945G and N270 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 2D and accelerated 3D}} || {{maybe|HD Audio }} || {{Yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{No|Broadcom }} || {{no|Intel}} || 2014 AspireOS 1.8 || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD250 D250 emachines em250 || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|ide legacy}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|alc272 HD Audio}}  || {{Yes}} || {{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{No|BCM4312 or Atheros AR5B95}} || 2010 Icaros 1.3 || 2009 32bit 1 core - 19v barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire AO532H (Compal LA-5651p) 533H Pineview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio playback}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|AR8132 (L1c)}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros 9k}} || [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/news/article.php?mode=flat&amp;order=0&amp;item_id=5968 Tested AspireOS June 2011] || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM350 NAV51 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with N450 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with   codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Single core 64bit - 160GB HDD 1GB RAM 10.1&quot; LED backlit screen and  Webcam - 3 cell li-ion battery for 3 hours usage - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;emachines eM355 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;64bit support possible - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One 533 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D 0x8086 0xa011}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ALC272 codec ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8152 v1.1 1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 4313}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 Icaros 2.1 and AROS One 2.3 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - f2 setup - 10.1inch 1024 x 768 - 
|-
| Aspire One AOD255 AOD255e AOD260 AOHAPPY (Compal LA-6221P) || N570 and Nm10 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|SATA}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 3150}} || Audio || USB || {{No|Atheros AR8152 V1.1 (1lc)}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313}} || || a little support 
|-
| Aspire One 522 AO522 (Compal LA-7072p) || 1GHz dual C-50 C50 or C-60 C60 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (ATI 9804) or 6290 || ATI SB CX20584 HD Audio || USB || Atheros 8152 v2.0 l1c || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros ath9k}} || ||
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AAOD270 Aspire One D270 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 Cedarview || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D on Intel GMA 3650}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169 RTL8101E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 but swap for Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit atom - ddr2 so-dimm 2gb max - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO532G (Compal LA-6091p) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One D257 (Quanta ZE6) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire One 722 AO722 P1VE6 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD C-60 C60 with SB900 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| use VESA Ati 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec but no Wrestler HDMI output}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros AR8152 v2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9485}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2017 Icaros 2.1.2 || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Aspire One AO721 (Wistron SJV10-NL) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AO751 AO751H (Quanta ZA3) || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}}|| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC272X || &lt;!--USB--&gt; USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Atheros l1e}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Atheros 9k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .SE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC|| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot .S2 NAV50 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel X3150 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;Atheros || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Packard Bell Dot M/A || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;1.2GHz Athlon L110 + RS690E || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy mode? || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD ATI Radeon Xpress X1270 (VESA only) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ATI SBx00 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E rtl8169 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Asus Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 700 701 2G 4G 8G Surf || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 900 2D and 3D tunnel 68 gearbox 43 on 701 800x480}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Yes|Atheros 5k AR5007EG (AR2425 works}} || 2016 Icaros 2.1.1, 2.1.2, Aros One 2.5 32bit USB, || 2007 32bit - power supplies fail due to bad caps issue 9.5V 2.5A 24W Charger AD59930 4.8*1.7MM - 
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 701SD || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{No|RTL8187SE swap with Atheros 5k}} || 2014 AspireOS 1.7,  || 2007 32bit - boot issues but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll 
|-
| [http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEeePC/Models eeePC] 900 || Intel 910GML + ICH7 || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Maybe|Intel GMA 900 (2D, 3D in some models)}} || {{Yes|ALC662 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|UHCI and EHCI}} || {{No|Atheros L2}} || {{Maybe|depends on chipset AR5007EG (AR2425) works but not RaLink}} || 2014 AspireOS 1.7,  || 2008 32bit - boot issues but does boot with ATA=32bit,nopoll or ATA=nodma,nopoll. 900's may need BIOS upgrade to boot usb optical drives. 3D available in some model revisions - AD59230 9.5v 2.31a psu - 
|-
| eeePC 900A || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (3D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Atheros L1e [1969 1026]}} || {{Yes|Atheros 5k AR242x}} || Nightly Build 2012, 2023 Aros One 32bit 2.4 || 2009 32bit 
|-
| eeePC 901 1000 || 945GM || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{No|Atheros L1E (AR8121 AR8113 AR8114)}} || {{No|RaLink Device 2860 swap with Atheros 5k}} || 2011 Icaros 1.4,  || 2009 32bit -  12v 3a psu - 
|-
| eeePC Seashell 1000HA 1000HE 1008 1005HA || N280 + Intel GMA950 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{Yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{Yes|USB}} || {{Maybe|Realtek but not Atheros AR8132 (L1c)}} || {{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || 2014 Aspire OS 1.6,  || 2010 32bit -  12v 3a psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;eeePC 1001ha || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 950 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Attansic Atheros AR8132 l1c}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|RaLink RT3090 swap with Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 32bit  
|-
| eeePC 1001P T101MT 1005PX 1005PE 1015PE Pineview 1001PXD || NM10 and N450 N455 CPU || {{N/A}} || {{Maybe|IDE mode}} || {{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio}} || {{Yes|USB 2.0}} || {{No|Atheros AR8132 (l1c)}} || {{unk|Atheros AR928x 802.11n}} || 2010 Icaros 1.3.3,  || 2011 64bit - 19V 2.1A 2.3x0.7 - 
|-
| EeePC 1015B 1215B || single C-30 C30 or dual C-50 C50 + Hudson M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{partial|AMD 6250 (VESA only)}} || ATI SBx00 HD Audio || USB || {{No|AR8152 v2.0 atl1c}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM4313 [14e4 4727]}} || untested recently || 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare X101CH Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2600 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 6300 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Flare 1025CE 1225CE || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N2800 + N10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros l1c 2.0}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros 9k AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Inspiron 910 Mini 9 PP39S Vostro A90 || GMA945 || {{Maybe|STEC 8G 16G 32G IDE PATA Parallel ATA miniPCIE SSD 50MM / 70MM very slow}} || {{N/A| }} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and 3D opengl1}} || {{yes|ALC268 HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2 boots and works}} || {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8102E}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4310 and 4312 swap with atheros 5k bx32}} || ICAROS 1.3 but Icaros 2.3 (pci issues), AROS One 2.6 and Tiny AROS (digiclock startup) mouse cursor vanishes || 2008 32bit - 9inch 1024x600 screen - 1 ddr2 sodimm slot max 2gig - 19v 1.58a - 0 boot disk select - cr2032 battery under laptop base cover, while mem 2GB max under base flap - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron Mini 10 1010 PP19S || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom Z520 Z530 Intel US15W Poulsbo || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel GMA 500 (VESA only)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Intel or BCM4312}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - 10.10 inch 16:9, 1366 x 768 glossy - 28whr or 56wHr battery options - 
|-
| [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/HardwareSupport/Machines/Netbooks#Dell%20Mini%2010v%20(Inspiron%201011) Mini 10v 1011] [http://wiki.debian.org/InstallingDebianOn/Dell/InspironMini10v]|| Intel 950 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|ide legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}}  || {{maybe|HDAudio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL8102E 8103E}} || {{no|Dell 1397 Wireless}} || untested || 2008 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Inspiron Mini 1018 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Atom N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|IDE mode }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{partial|HD Audio head phones only - speaker and micro phone do not work}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|RTL8188CE or AR928X}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2011 Icaros 1.5.1,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit - 1 DDR3 max 2gb - 
|-
| Latitude 2100 || Intel Atom N270 N280 1.60Ghz GMA 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{Yes|set to IDE in bios as ahci not working || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and 3D with tunnel 98 and gearbox 84)}} || {{yes|HD Audio with ALC272 codec}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{No|Broadcom BCM5764M}} || {{No|Intel 5100 or BCM4322 DW 1510 half height mini pcie use small Atheros 5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2016 AspireOS 1.8, Icaros 2.1.1 and AROS One USB 2.4 || 2009 32bit ddr2 sodimm max 2G - [https://sites.google.com/site/arosaspireone/about-aspire-one Webcam and card reader not working] lcd cable over hinge an issue - f12 bios and boot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Latitude 2110 2120 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N470 1.83Ghz, N455 1.6Ghz, N550 1.5Ghz || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|ATA mode in bios not ahci}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 3150 2D only}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with ALC269 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No| swap for Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2014 Icaros 2.3,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - ddr2 sodimm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| HP Mini 2133 || VIA C7-M P4M900 / 8237 VX700 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|VIA Chrome 9 HC (VESA only)}} || {{no|VT1708/A HD Audio}} || USB || {{no|Broadcom Corp NetXtreme BCM5788}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312}} || untested || 2008 32bit - 
|-
| HP mini 1000 Mi 2140 ks145ut || N270 + 945GM || {{N/A}} || SATA || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D and opengl1 3d)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio (playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Broadcom Corp BCM4312 hard blocked}} || untested || 2009 32Bit - unable to change wifi card 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Mini 700 702 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio IDT 92HD75B (111d:7608, only playback tested)}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom hard locked}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| Compaq HP Mini 110 110-3112sa || 945GM Express || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio IDT STAC 92xx}} || {{yes|USB 2.0}} || {{no|Atheros}} || {{no|Broadcom hard blocked Fn+F12}} || untested || 2009 32bit - unable to change wifi 
|-
| HP Mini 200 210 || 945GM NM10 Express || {{N/A}} || SATA || Intel GMA 950 || {{Maybe|HDAudio with }} || USB || RTL8101E RTL8102E || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard locked}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| HP Mini 311 DM1 (Quanta FP7) || N280 + ION LE || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia Geforce ION || {{maybe|HDAudio with }} || USB || eth || {{No|hard locked}} || untested || 2009 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====Lenovo Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| IdeaPad S9 S9e(3G) S10 S10e(3G) || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{maybe|ALC269 or SigmaTel HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Broadcom NetLink BCM5906M}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| IdeaPad S12 || Intel Atom N270 + Nvidia ION LE MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || {{maybe|ALC269 HD Audio}} || USB || {{no|Broadcom}} || {{no|Intel locked down}} || 2012 Icaros 2.0,  || 2009 32bit - does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| S10-2 || 945GME and N280 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || {{maybe|ALC269 HD Audio}} || {{yes}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || 2011 Icaros 1.3,  || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| S10-3 || NM410 and N450 CPU || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || {{maybe|HD Audio ALC269}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|Atheros 9285 or Broadcom BCM4312 hard blocked}} || 2011 Icaros 1.3,  || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Samsung Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| [http://www.amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?post_id=616910&amp;topic_id=33755&amp;forum=28#616910 NC10] || 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|SigmaTel HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{maybe|rtl8169 works but not Marvell 88E8040 sky2}} || {{yes|AR5007EG}} || 2011 Icaros 1.4,  || 2009 32bit - Nano silver on keyboard and lcd ribbon cable over hinge issues 
|-
| [http://www.sammywiki.com/wiki/Samsung_NC20 NC20] || VIA VX800 || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{maybe|VIA Chrome9 (VESA only)}} || ALC272 GR (VT1708A) HD Audio || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{yes|Atheros AR5001}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| NP-N110 NP-N120 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || SATA || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{yes|ALC272 HD Audio or ALC6628}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{no|Realtek rtl8187}} || untested || 2009 32bit - Namuga 1.3M Webcam none
|-
| NP-N130 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{yes|SATA in IDE mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 2D and opengl 1.x 99.5 tunnel 99 gearbox}} || {{yes|Intel HD with ALC272 ALC269 codec playback}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{yes|RTL 8169.device - 8101e 8102e}} || {{no|rtl 8192se rtl8187 too small an area to swap for atheros 5k}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 10.x inch 1024 x 600 - Namuga 1.3M Webcam - front slide power on and f2 setup bios - keyboard 17.7mm Pitch is made with Silver Nano (Anti-Bacterial) tech - small touchpad - 1 ddr2 2rx16 sodimm slot 2G max - 44Wh
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Go NP-N310 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + 945GME || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC6628}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|Atheros5k}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 32bit - N280 version changed specs 
|-
| NP-N510 || N270 euro N280 uk + ION MCP79 || {{N/A}} || SATA || nVidia C79 ION [Quadro FX 470M] || HD Audio || USB || Marvell 88E8040 || Realtek 8192E || untested || 2010 32bit - does not boot - cause unknown 
|-
| NP-N145 Plus || n450 + NM10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D, no VGA output)}} || {{yes|Realtek HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB2.0}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || {{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || untested || 2010 some support but often the trackpad does not work 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Axx || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC269 codec A9M22Q2 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM4313 or Atheros}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| NF210 Pineview || n455 or n550 + N10 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|SATA}} || {{maybe|Intel GMA 3150 (needs retesting, VESA works)}} || {{yes|HD Audio}} || {{yes|USB}} || {{no|Marvell 88E8040}} || Wireless || untested || 2011 64bit - some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NS310 NP-NS310-A03UK || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N570 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|use Vesa 2d }} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes| ich7}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 810xe }} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|bcm4313 }} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2022 AROS One 2.3,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom N570 or 1.5 GHz Intel Atom N550 dual core processor, 1 DDR3 sodimm slot memory, a 250GB hard drive, and a 10.1 inch, 1024 x 600 pixel 10.1&quot; W7St - 2300mAh short life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Samsung_N150 N150] NB30 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;MN10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No| }} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8040}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285 or Realtek 8192E}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 a little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.kruedewagen.de/wiki/index.php/Samsung_N220 N210 N220] N230 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3150 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit no sse4.1 or avx -  
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NC110 Pxx Cedarview || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{dunno|Intel GMA 3600}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Intel 6000g}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
|}


====Toshiba Netbooks====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NB100 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GM || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|legacy}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 HD Audio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini NB200 series NB205 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 + GSE945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}}|| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{maybe|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 300 series NB305 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N455 with NM10 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC272 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{maybe|AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mini 500 series NB505 NB520 NB550-10v || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;legacy || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA 3150 (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|RTL8101E RTL8102E}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8176 RTL 8188CE}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| [http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Toshiba-NB550D-AMD-Fusion-Netbook.46551.0.html Mini NB550D 10G] 108 (c30) 109 (c50) || C-50 + M1 || {{N/A}} || SATA || AMD 6250 (VESA only) || HD Audio || USB || {{maybe|rtl8169 Realtek 8111e}} || {{maybe|Atheros 9k}} || untested || 2011 64bit Realtek SD card reader 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Misc Netbooks====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Cammy's A1600 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{yes|HD Audio playback}} || {{yes}} || {{no|JMC 250/260}} || Wireless || 2010 Icaros 1.2.4,  || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Siemens Amilo Mini Ui 3520 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel 945 || &lt;!--ACPI--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC269 HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{yes|AR5001}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit -  
|-
| Guillemot Hercules eCafe EC-900 H60G-IA], Mitac MiStation and Pioneer Computers Dreambook Light U11 IL1 || Intel 945GME || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA950 (2D)}} || {{Yes|HD Audio (playback only)}} || {{yes|uhci and ehci}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RAlink RT2860}} || untested || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E2 24 48 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N450 + NM10  || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;IDE legacy mode || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pineview Intel (2D) || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros l1c || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2009 32bit - 
|-
| MSI Wind U90/U100 || GME945 || {{N/A}} || {{maybe}} || {{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || {{partial|HD Audio ALC888s (playback only?)}} || {{yes|uhci 1.1 and ehci 2.0}} || {{yes|rtl8169}} || {{no|RaLink RT2860 RT2700E or rtl8187se (u100x)}} || 2011 Icaros 1.3,  || 2009 32bit - 
|-
| Advent 4211 || 945GSE || {{N/A}} || {{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || Intel GMA950 (2D) || ALC HD Audio || USB || rtl8169 || {{no|Intel 3945 ABG}} || untested || 2009 32bit - MSI U100 clone
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Hannspree Hannsnote SN10E1 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N270 + GMA945 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|IDE legacy mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA 950 (2D)}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HD Audio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8101E RTL8102E RTL8169}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{no|RaLink RT2860}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit MSI U100 clone 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Vaio VGN-P11Z
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Partial|Intel (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; {{unk|Atheros AR928X}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2012 Icaros 2.0.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit Rarely boots!
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sony VPC-W11S1E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N280 with 945GSE
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|Intel GMA950 - hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with realtek codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR8132}}
| &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{unk|Atheros AR9285}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - 10.1&quot; 1366 x 768 glossy - 3hr battery life - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Archos 10 Netbook || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom with ICH7 NM10 945GSE || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{No }} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8139 || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;untested || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Wind U135 DX MS-N014 || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel N455 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|2D only accelerated}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ALC662 rev 1}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL}} || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt;{{No|Atheros AR 9K}}  || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;2015 Icaros 2.1,  || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - needs noacpi notls added to grub boot line to start up 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Wireless--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

===Desktop Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
| &lt;!--OK--&gt;{{Yes|'''Works well'''}} || &lt;!--May work--&gt;{{Maybe|'''Works a little'''}} || &lt;!--Not working--&gt;{{No|'''Does not work'''}} || &lt;!--Not applicable--&gt;{{N/A|'''N/A not applicable'''}}
|-
|}


====Acer====
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.acer.com/ac/en/ID/content/support-product/486;-; Veriton X270 VTX270] Intel Core 2 Duo ED7400C or Pentium dual-core UD7600C with 630i 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d Nvidia 7100 VGA and HDMI connections}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|  with realtek codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 rear and 5 front}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe| nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 dvd 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit capable but would not fully boot, DHCP address timeout too short and failed often. Put in a third party NIC, worked - 1 PCI Express x16 slot and a free PCI x1 slot - internal thin long psu with 12pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Imedia S1710 with Intel Dual Core E5200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{Yes|SATA/AHCI}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Maybe|Native IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia nForce 7100}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{Yes|Nvidia MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{No|NVIDIA MCP73 Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 14-09-2023, AROS One 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; 2009 64-bit - Boot over USB not working on front - 2 DDR2 dual channel max 8GB - DEL for entering Bios - F12 for boot menu - Bus weird, could be reason for Ethernet issue 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Revo AR1600, R1600 AR3600, R3600, Packard Bell IMAX Mini N3600, ACER Veriton N260G N270G slim nettop subcompact 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9300M - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with alc662 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB boot usb2 stick issues and slower with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|MCP79 nForce}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ArosOne 32bit very often boot stuck around ehciInit, 64bit ...
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 Intel Atom 230 N280 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - DEL setup F12 boot options - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v special barrel size 5.5mm/1.7mm psu - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - atheros 5k AR5BXB63 wifi - 3 wire CMOS coin battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo AR3610 R3610 3610 Atom 330 nettop subcompact dual core 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Native IDE mode, '''when it works''' boots}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia ION GeForce 9400M LE MCP79MX 0x10de 0x087d - nouveau 3d - '''when it boots''' 400 fps in shell'ed gearbox, 278 in tunnel, 42 in teapot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with Realtek alc662 rev1 alc662-hd later ALC885 codec but nothing from HDMI audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB with 1% chance slow boot with usb2 sticks, more issues with usb3 drives}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|RTL8211CL MCP79 nForce 0x10de 0x0ab0}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 32bit 1.5, 1.6 and 2.4 usb around ehciInit or Kernel SATA, etc try ATA=off, and 64bit 1.2 USB boot often stuck at device 0x00000000b05228c8 interrrupt by using noacpi noiopica 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - non usb hub keyboard  - DEL bios setup, F12 BBS POPUP/drive boot - 2 ddr2 sodimm slots max 4GB - 19v barrel psu with smaller inner pin size 5.5mm/1.7mm - replace wifi RT3090 ver c (0x1814 0x3090) with atheros 5k - 3 wire CMOS coin battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo N281G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 2d for GMA 3100}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2  
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX and SSE 4.1 Atom D425 - 19v 65w barrel psu thinner inner pin - 2 DDR3L single channel max 4GB - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - 1lr or 1.5 ltr dvdrw case 209.89 mm, (D) 209.89 mm, (H) 35.35 mm - del enter bios - 3 wire CMOS coin battery - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;REVO AR3700 R3700 3700 - ACER Veriton N282G 
*one long beep with two short - bios damaged 
*looping one long two short - video card fault 
*two short beeps - CMOS damaged 
*got one long and one short beep - board error?
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE ready in Bios
* Known issue, boot into bios, set bios to UEFI and reboot, set bios back to defaults and reboot, blank display, repair with reflash of 8 pin Winbond W25Q socketed bios chip with ch341a using P01.B0L or P01.A4 renamed amiboot.rom}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia ION2 GT218 9400M class 0x10de 0x0a64 with vga fine but hdmi fussy over cable and display port used - 32bit nouveau 2d &amp; 3d gearbox 404 tunnel 292 teapot 48 - 64bit not detected}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDA Intel with Realtek ALC662 rev1 codec 0x10ec 0x0662, head phones only but nothing from NVidia HDMI 0x10de 0x000b}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel® NM10 Express (NM10 is basically an ICH7 with a die shrink and IDE removed) USB boots usb, installs usb, accesses ok}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek rtl8111g}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS one 32bit USB 1.5 and 1.6 and ArosOne 64bit usb 1.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 Atom D525 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1 ltr noisy fan - early 2 ddr2 sodimm slots but later 2 ddr3 sodimm slots 1Rx8 max 4GB - 19v barrel psu thinner pin - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - cmos 3pin cr2032CL plastic wrapped - del bios f12 boot choice - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Revo 70 (RL70) with or without dvdrw 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;6320 or 6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio ALC662-VCO-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2, 1.1 Hudson D1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD E450 1.65GHz - 19v 65w barrel psu thinner inner pin - 2 DDR3L single channel max 4GB - replace wifi RT3090 ver d with atheros 5k mini pci-e - 1lr or 1.5 ltr dvdrw case 209.89 mm, (D) 209.89 mm, (H) 35.35 mm - del enter bios - 
|-
|}

====Asus====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;EEEbox B202
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel GMA950  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel Azalia HDaudio with Realtek ALC662 or ALC888-GR CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111 or JM250 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;internal 3 types of wifi chipset not supported 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Dell====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Precision 340
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{n/a}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1 (UHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|3Com}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 2400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel 82845GL Brookdale G/GE (VESA 640x480 by 16)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk|AC97 with ADI codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Broadcom 440x 4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;[http://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?p=832495 Icaros 1.4]
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;Graphics chipset is capable of higher resolution.
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dimension 4600
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|Intel AC97 (use rear black port)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 170L
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX260
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX270
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Optiplex GX280
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{partial|IDE mode}}
| {{maybe|Intel GMA (only VESA tested)}}
| {{yes|Intel AC97}}
| {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| {{no|Broadcom}}
| Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex GX520
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|Intel GMA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 745
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|HD Audio (no volume control)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{partial|Only keyboard mouse (legacy mode)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 755
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel GMA (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.5.1
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt; Around 25 second delay in booting from USB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Optiplex 990
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{partial|non-RAID mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel HD (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{no|Intel Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Nightly Build 2014 09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|ordinary boot gives VGA mode only - VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HD Audio (Analog Devices ID 194a)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aspire Xenon 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;poor support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Vx0 (V90 V30), Vx0L (V10L V90L), Vx0LE (V30LE V90LE) from VIA C7 800GHz to Eden 1.2GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for S3 UniChrome Pro}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 VIA VT8233A with ?? codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 back and 1 front USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|early models work but later VT6102-3 do not}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.2  
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 to 2009 32bit - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm DDR 333MHz SO-DIMM later DDR2 - early V90s do seem to have a reliability problem - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.poppedinmyhead.com/2021/01/wyse-cx0-thin-client-notes-experiences.html Dell Wyse Cx0] C00LE, C10LE, C30LE, C50LE, C90LE, C90LE7, C90LEW VIA C7 Eden 1GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d VX855 VX875 Chrome 9}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|some VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with ?? codec work}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 outside 2 inside USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 to 2013 32bit - [https://ae.amigalife.org/index.php?topic=815.0 boots and works] - 12V 2.5A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - 1 sodimm ddr2 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell RxxL Rx0L Wyse thin client 
*R00L	Cloud PC of Wyse WSM 
*R10L	Wyse Thin OS 
*R50L	Suse Linux Enterprise 
*R90L	Win XP Embedded 
*R90LW  Win Embedded Standard 2009 
*R90L7  Win Embedded Standard 7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128Mb IDE or 1GB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|SATA Hyperdisk}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 690E RS690M Radeon Xpress 1200 1250 1270
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Sempron™ 210U SMG210UOAX3DVE 1.5GHz SB600, up to 4GB single slot 240-pin DDR2 DIMM, 19v barrel psu, DEL key bios - Late 2012 2 data sockets added but only CN18 be used with two white sockets (CN13 &amp; CN15) can used to power the SATA device &quot;4-pin Micro JST 1.25mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 390 sff small form factor - mt mini tower desktop - dt full desktop
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;aros one 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit dual i3 2xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - add nvidia gf218 gfx - error code 3 mobo or cpu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 3010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom 57XX}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx - kettle iec plug psu cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Optiplex 7010 sff small form factor 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|1 pci-e}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom or Intel 825xx}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit dual i3 3xxx Q77 - kettle iec plug psu cable - add pci-e ethernet and nvidia gf218 gfx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5010 thin client ThinOS D class (D10D D00D D00DX, Dx0D), PCoIP (D10DP) or D90D7, 5040 
*username: Administrator, admin, [blank] 
*password: Fireport, DellCCCvdi, rappot, Wyse#123, Administrator, administrator, r@p8p0r+
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode may need 30cm ext cable as small area for half-slim sata ssd - decased new ssd??}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d 1400x1050 HD6250E IGP by using DVI to hdmi cable and 1 display port, no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD 6.34 audio chipset detected but codec alc269 working from one case speaker -  none if v6.29 used}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|most 5010 have 4 USB 2.0 but D90Q7 has 2 USB3 instead}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8168 8169 - rev 1.?? 8111? - rev 1.91 8111E}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit no SSE4.1 or AVX slow AMD G-T44R 1.2Ghz later G-T48E 1.4Ghz Dual Bobcat Brazos BGA413 - Del for BIOS - p key to select boot with noacpi - single DDR3 sodimm slot max 4Gb, (8Gb hynix 2rx8 ddr3l)? (remove small board to upgrade) - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; small 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - PA16 19v barrel psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 7010 DTS thin client (Z class Zx0D) 
*2011 Zx0 Z90D7 2GF/2GR
*2013 Z10D 
*2014 Z50D 2GF/2GR 
*2012 Cisco VXC 6000 CVXC-6215-K9 white 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|Bios set Sata mode to IDE mode and grub boot add 'noacpi' for half slim sata2 ssd or/with 50cm sata ext cable}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2d HD6310 HD6320 Terascale 2 through DVI and sometimes DP 1.1a - no hdmi port}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio 6.34 detected but ALC269VB codec works on the one case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2.0 works but NEC 720200 3.0 not working}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111e 8111F}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 and Aros One 32bit 1.5, 1.9 and 2.3 usb and 64bit 1.2 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 slow AMD G-t52R 1.5GHz later G-T56N 1.65 GHz Dual with A50M FCH - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless black plastic case with metal ventilated box inside - 2 desktop DDR3L DIMM slots max 16GB - PA-16 19v external psu Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - 2 40cm SMA female WiFi Antenna to IPEX IPX u.fl Ufl Cable pigtail needed - does not like uefi boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Wyse 7020 Thin Client 
* 2013 Quad-core AMD GX-420CA 2.0 GHz (25W) - 
* 2018 Zx0Q Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz (15W) with Quad display 3dp and 1dvi 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d only for AMD Radeon HD8400E radeonsi (dual display) or AMD Radeon HD 8330E IGP with AMD Radeon E6240 Seymour E6460 (quad display), no hdmi ports}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 quad eKabini Jaguar cores - two SODIMM sockets layered in centre of mobo DDR3L RAM - Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm ac psu 9mm plug is too short but 14mm length is fine - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse Dx0Q (5020) D90Q8 NJXG4 AMD G-Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD 8330E 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; with Realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 Quad-core AMD GX-415GA 1.5 GHz - 2 layered near edge of mobo 204-pin DDR3L SODIMM (bottom one tricky to insert) - 19v Coax 5.5mm/2.5mm - passive no fan - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5060 N07D thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE bios mode for sata2 port}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2d - AMD R5E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands thru dp1 with an hdmi adapter no output thru dp2 - no hdmi dvi ports}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HD Audio with Realtek ALC231 codec head phones only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|4 x USB2.0 works but 2 USB3.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 realtek 8169 8111h}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 1.6 usb 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 quad GX-424CC 19.5v external psu - CN-0Y62H1 mobo with 2 layered ddr3l 16Gb max sodimm slots at edge of mobo, bottom 0 one blocking - passive no fan so quiet - 15cm/6&quot; high smaller 1ltr case and lack of expansion options - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


====Fujitsu Siemens====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Scenic [http://uk.ts.fujitsu.com/rl/servicesupport/techsupport/ProfessionalPC/Scenic/ScenicE/ScenicE.htm E600] (compact desktop)
| 
| 
| {{partial|VESA only}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| 
| {{no|Intel PRO/1000}}
| {{dunno}}
| Nice small, silent PC with good AROS support.
|-
| Scenic T i845
| {{dunno}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{n/a}}
| {{dunno|Intel AC97}}
| {{dunno|UHCI}}
| {{dunno|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5.2
| AROS does not boot 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S200 S210 S220 and later S300 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| compactflash CF card max ??}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] 315PRO PCI/AGP }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 via }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|via uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|via VT6102 [Rhine-II] (rev 74) }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - TR5670 Rev 1.4 mother with Transmeta TM5800 cpu - pci socket - single SODIMM socket for DDR memory PC2700S max 512MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S400
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| but swap with compactflash CF card already with AROS installed}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA Silicon Integrated Systems [SiS] SiS741CX }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 SiS7018}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|sis uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz gets hot - SiS 963L / SiS 741CX chipset - 12V 4.2A 4-pin (DP-003-R) psu - single SODIMM socket for DDR PC2700S max 1G - large case 246 x 48 x 177cms torx screws - pci socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;FUJITSU Futro S700 and S900 Thin Client (based on mini-ITX motherboard D3003-A12, D3003-C1 lesser variant of [https://www.parkytowers.me.uk/thin/Futro/s900/TechNotes_V3.1_Mini-ITX_D3003-S.pdf D3003-S]) 
*G-T56N 1.65GHz
*G-T40N 1.00GHz
*G-T44R 1.20GHz 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 sata data socket but mSata 18+8pins 1GB-16GB 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 6320, HD 6250, HD 6290 dvi or displayport (DP runs higher) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|two USB2 front sockets and four on the rear}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit AMD slow atom-like and fanless - 20V 2A psu 5.5mm/2.1mm coax (S900) - 2 DDR3L SODIMM sockets max 8GB tricky to run 1333 MHz on the Futro S900 - proprietary X2 PCI-e - 1 PCI socket but need a right-angle adaptor - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo p420 e85 desktop case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or old Geforce in pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16 pin special psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;esprimo E420 e85+ SFF case 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 4600 or low profile pci-e card 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek alc671 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111G 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 16ish pin special psu - hd under front metal bracket, take front cover off first with 3 tabs - 3 slim pci-e slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Futro S520 AMD dual 1.0Ghz codenamed &quot;Steppe Eagle&quot;
* GX-210HA @ 1.0GHz
* GX-212ZC @ 1.2GHz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;no sata - 4Gb or 16Gb flash memory soldered to the board
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD 8210E (GX210HA) or AMD Radeon R1E (GX212ZC)
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - smaller than ITX 160mm x 160mm Fujitsu D3314-A11 - 19V 3.4A PSU standard 5.5mm/2.1mm coax plug - 1 ddr3 sodimm slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Futro S720 ThinClient D3313-B13 D3313-F
*2014 64bit AMD GX-217GA 1.65GHz VFY:S0720P8009FR VFY:S0720P8008DE VFY:S0720P4009GB
*2015 64bit AMD GX-222GC 2.20GHz VFY:S0720P702BDE VFY:S0720P702BFR 
 all begin VFY:S0720P and end two digit country code
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{Yes|up to 2 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata was running very well on AHCI and IDE-Mode and 2242 mSata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{Maybe|use VESA 2D for AMD Radeon HD 8280E IGP ( islands) or later R5E IGP ( islands)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio ALC671 codec partially working, external audio speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0 but not front 2 USB 3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit supports AVX and SSE 4.1 - 1 ddr3 Sodimm slot max 8Gb - 19V-20V 2A 5.5mm/2.5mm coax - D3313-B13 stripped down Mini-ITX mobo D3313-S1/-S2/-S3 (eKabini) D3313-S4/-S5/-S6 - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the cpu heatsink is fanless - mPCIe socket for wireless card - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S920 D3313-E	D3313-G
*2016 AMD GX-222GC SOC 2.20GHz Dual 
*2017 AMD G-Series GX-415GA (1.50 GHz, Quad Core, 2 MB, AMD Radeon™ HD 8330E) 
*2017 AMD G-Series GX-424CC 2.40 GHz Quad
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{yes|2242 mSata and 1 Sata-cable-connector with space in casing so normal SSD/HDD over Sata possible}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{yes|use VESA 2D for Radeon R5E GCN2/3 IGP}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|HDAudio ALC671 codec partially working}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|4 rear USB 2.0, front 2 USB 3.1 downgradable to 2.0 in BIOS setting}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; AROS One USB 2.4
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 2 so dimm slot with max of 8 GB - 19v barrel psu 5.5mm 2.5mm - SATA data socket can be located under the fins of the heatsink - mPCIe a e keyed socket for wireless card - propetary X2 connector with official raizer to X1 connector - almost silent background noise, not affecting sound quality in any way 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu Thin Client Futro S5011 S7011 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D for AMD Vega 3 on 2 dp 1.4}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ALC623 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 USB 3.2 Gen 2 front and 3 usb2 rear  }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - AMD Ryzen Dual Core R1305G or R1505G 1ltr case - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - TPM 2.0 - 19v 3.42amp round coax or usb-c 20c 3.25a external psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Fujitsu FUTRO S9011 Thin Client VFY:S9011THU1EIN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D for AMD Vega 3 on 2 dp 1.4}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ALC623 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 USB 3.2 Gen 2 front and 3 usb2 rear }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit Ryzen Embedded R1606G - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - TPM 2.0 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====HP Compaq====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq presario 7360
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Working}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 via}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq EP Series 6400/10
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{no|ISA}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB 1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq Evo D510
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{N/A}}
| {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| {{yes|AC97}}
| {{yes|Working}}
| {{yes|Intel PRO/100}}
| Icaros 1.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX2000 MT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Intel Extreme 2 (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|detects AC97 but no support for ADI AD1888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|OHCI/EHCI }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82526EZ e1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.51
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;boots ok but no audio 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Compaq DX 2200
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|RC410 [Radeon Xpress 200] (VESA only)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{dunno|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|OHCI/EHCI issues }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; {{dunno}}
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;issues 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; d230
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; {{yes|UDMA}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; {{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; {{partial|Intel Extreme (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{partial|Intel AC97 (speaker and headphones only, no line-out)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt; {{yes|USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{Maybe|Broadcom BCM4401}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; Icaros 1.4.5
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Pavilion a220n || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|VESA 1024x768 on nVidia GF4 MX with 64MB shared video ram}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC650 AC'97 comp.}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8201BL 10/100 LAN}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One 2.5|| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit athlon xp 2600+ Socket 462 / Socket A - 2 dimm ddr pc2700 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t500 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|FX5200 (2D; 3D with older driver)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97 ICH4 ALC658D}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|UHCI/EHCI}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8101L 8139}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2012-09-22
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DC7700
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 2D}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes| ICH8}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|82566DM e1000e}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2013-??-??
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 Some support at low cost 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP dc 7600 CMT
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt; 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ACL 260}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO/1000 GT}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series t5500 t5510 t5515 PC538A or PC542A t5700 t5710 Transmeta Crusoe Code Morphing TM 5400 5600 800Mhz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;128mb to 512MB 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati Radeon 7000M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|Issues}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA Rhine 2
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit - ddr max 1GB - F10 setup - all t51xx and some t55xx units will not include a SODIMM slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5000 thin client series CN700 
*HSTNC-002L-TC	t5135, t5530 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d 128Mb Via S3 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 78) 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit t5135 appears identical to the t5530 except the CPU VIA Esther 400 MHz - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 3.33A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5720, t5725 HSTNC-001L-TC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VESA 2d SiS741GX 2048 x 1536 32-bit colour
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 SiS SiS7012 AC'97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102 VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 8d)
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit AMD Geode NX1500 1GHz socketed - RAM 512MB or 1GB, 256MB, 512MB or 1GB - 12V psu - sis DDMA support - custom 1.13 BIOS - pci low profile - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series VX800 HSTNC-004-TC t5145, t5540, t5545, t5630 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio VIA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|VT6120 VT6121 VT6122 Gigabit (rev 82)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit   - RAM 64Mb (? max) - 8 x USB2.0 - 12V 4.16A Coax: 5.5mm/2.1mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5730w HSTNC-003-TC t5730 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a|ATA 44pin DOM Flash}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d ATI Radeon X1250 2048 x 1536 no 3D 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|6 x USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5707M tg3 10/100/1000}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 64bit AMD Sempron 2100+ 1GHz - 1 slot of ddr2 sodimm (Max 2GB) - 12V 4.16A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm - F10  enter bios F12 boot devices - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HSTNC-005-TC gt7720, gt7725 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d AMD RS780G HD 3200 - 2560 x 1600 DVI-D &amp; DVI-H
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 x USB2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5787M}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit AMD Turion Dual Core CPU 2.3GHz - 1 DDR2 200-pin SODIMM - 19V 4.16A Coax 7.4mm/5.0mm (gt7725) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t5740 Thin Client HSTNC-006-TC t5740, t5745, st5742 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Intel CL40 VGA and DisplayPort connectors}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with IDT codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly build and Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit Atom N280 - F10 on power up to get into the BIOS screens. F12 brings up the boot options - hp 19V one with a coax connector, outer diameter 4.8mm with inner to be 1.7mm to 1.4mm - 2 ddr3 sodimm slots max 3gb due to 32bit - 1 pci-e slot completely non standard - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;t5000 series HSTNC-012-TC VIA Nano u3500 VX900 
*t5550 512MB/1GB Windows CE6 R3
*t5565 1GB/1GB HP ThinPro
*t5570 2GB/1GB WES 2009 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vesa 2d VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 GPU Chrome9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA 9170 VT1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;32bit - 1 sodimm - 19V 3.42A supply connector standard yellow-tip coax plug 4.8mm/1.8mm &quot;Standard HP Compaq DC Power Plug 4.8mm x 1.5mm / 1.7mm Yellow Tip Connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t510 Via Eden X2 U4200 HSTNC-012-TC shares features with t5570e, t5565z 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2G ATA Flash DOM
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;one 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d for Chrome9 VIA ChromotionHD 2.0 gfx}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|VIA VT8237A VT8251 HDA with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|6 USB2 }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom Corporation NetLink BCM57780 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit - one slot ddr3 sodimm max 4GB - 19V 3.42A Coax 4.8mm/1.8mm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T610 Thin Client and thicker PLUS version AMD G-T56N A55E 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Maybe|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 6320 1 dp port 1 dvi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;two USB2 on the front, two USB2 and two USB 3 ports on the rear 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM57780}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit does not support AVX SSE 4.1 - 2 204-pin DDR3 1600MHz SODIMMs PC3-12800 under motherboard via removable panel - 19.5V 3A Coax male 7.4mm/5.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T420 Thin Client 
*AMD Embedded G-Series GX-209JA SOC (1 GHz, 2 cores) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 8180 dvi vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 front 2 rear USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - soldered in place 2GB DDR3 - smaller than usual 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - usb stick internal for storage - E15 BBR - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t520 TPC-W016 
*AMD GX-212JC 1.2Ghz (2 core)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 mounting holes for 2242 and 2260 SSDs SATA (not NVME) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E GCN2 IGP Sea Islands
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 2017 64 bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - 1 204-pin DDR3 SODIMM - 19.5V 3.33A 7.4mm Coax with central pin 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t620 TPC-I004-TC  
*AMD G-Series GX-217GA 2 core APU 1.65GHz (65W)
*AMD GX-415GA 4 core (65W)
and t620 PLUS (PRO wider version) TPC-I020-TC
*AMD GX-420CA SOC 4 core (Plus 85W)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|single M.2 2280 socket sata3, mSATA socket removed end of 2014}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2d for Radeon HD 8280E graphics 8330E  Islands GCN2 IGP - 2 dp ports no dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with Realtek ALC221 codec 0x10EC 0x0221}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|4 front, 2 back, 1 inside limited space}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 32bit with noacpi added to grub boot line 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - 2 DDR3L SODIMMs side by side - mSATA ssd and M.2 SSD are M1.6 screws, M2.0 screws used on most SSDs - 19.5V 3.33A Coax male 7.4mm 5mm with centre pin - changed the network card to a Atheros 5000 compatible - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T530 
*AMD GX-215JJ (2 core) 1.5GHz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 m.2 sata ssd up to 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R2E
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;1 USB3.1, 1 usb-c front, 4 USB2 back 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64 bit does support AVX SSE 4.1 - 1 204-pin DDR4 SODIMM - 19.5V 2.31A Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm with centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP T730 Wider &quot;Thin&quot; Client TPC-I018-TC Pixar RX-427BB (2c4t) - no display and fans blowing full speed caused by '''disabling internal gpu in bios''' flash L43_0116.bin onto smc MX25L6473F (3.3V 8-PIN SOP (200mil) SPI 25xx) ([https://www.badcaps.net/forum/troubleshooting-hardware-devices-and-electronics-theory/troubleshooting-desktop-motherboards-graphics-cards-and-pc-peripherals/bios-schematic-requests/96303-hp-t730-password-locked-bios in the rom rcvry socket under a delicate thin narrow surface flap]) with ch341a alike switchable from 5v, 3.3v to 1.8v 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{partial|Storage bios option to IDE and not AHCI to prevent constant install error messages to DH0: - add noacpi to end of grub boot line - 1 M.2 SATA slot (Key B+M) up to 2280 with T8 torx secure stub}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for non-vulkan Radeon R7 GCN 2 UVD4.2 Sea Islands with 4 dp outs '''but too easy bricking''' if swapping with 1 PCIe 3.0 x8 slot 30W slim factor low profile 8400gs gt210 nvs295 nvs310 gt1030}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDaudio 6.34 realtek alc221 codec thru case speaker only}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|'''Works''' for 4 USB2 in the back with 2 in the front, 2 USB3.0 ports on front and 1 more internal (not bootable)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111HSH-CG set up first in Prefs/Network}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;boots with AROS One 32bit and 64bit USB with added noacpi added to grub boot line - press e - Latest distros can select grub boot options with Aros One 64bit USB and Aros One USB 2.8 but system seems to freeze after choice 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - 2 DDR3L sodimm stacked slots max 32GB - '''Larger''' 20cm/8&quot; high 3.5ltr case noisy fan - TPM2 - esc/F9 boot selector F10 enter bios - 2 serial and 1 parallel old ports - Key E Wireless - PCIe slot (x16 physical, x8 electrical) - 19.5V 4.36A 85w TPC-LA561 HP 7.4mm black-ring-tip power plug, red flashing power button, wrong psu or bad MotherBoard MB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t630 Thin Client TPC-I020-TC 
*AMD Embedded G-Series SoC GX-420GI quad core 2Ghz
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|ahci.device mbr msdos partiton table for 2 Sata M.2, sata0 up to 2280 (1tb max), sata1 2242 (64gb max), both T8 torx secure stubs}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|use VESA for Radeon AMD Wani R7E with 2 displayport 1.2 sockets, use one nearest to power jack - no dvi / hdmi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio 6.36 0x1022, 0x157a and ALC255 aka ALC3234 codec 0x10ec, 0x0255, pins 0x17 as LFE and 0x1b as int speaker but not ahi 6.34}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2 2 front and 2 rear, 2 front USB3 and 1 inside}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111H}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;AROS One USB 2.2, 2.8 and 64bit USB 1.0, 1.2, 1.3 with noacpi added to the end of the grub bootline (press e) 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit supports AVX SSE 4.1 - 2 DDR4 SODIMMs side by side speed 1866Mhz limit - 19.5V 3.33A 65W TPC-BA54 Coax male 7.4mm with centre pin - can be easily bricked, might reflash bios with M40 SP149736 - 20cm/8&quot; high 1.5ltr larger fanless case - esc f1 f9 f10 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Elite 7200 7300 8200 8300 SFF with kettle IEC psu cable 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE ata legacy only in BIOS}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;i pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|8200 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel or Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2013 64bit dual core - add pci-e rtl8169 ethernet card and pci-e gf210 nvidia low height - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP Compaq Pro 6305 Small Form Factor SFF AMD A75 chipset (FCH 6 SATA 6 Gb/s, 4 USB 3.0)
*AMD Quad A10-5800B
*AMD A8-5500B
*AMD Dual A6-5400B
*AMD A4-5300B
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 7000 Terascale iGPU series Radeon HD 7660D, Radeon HD 7560D, Radeon HD 7540D, Radeon HD 7480D 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD ALC221 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom 5761}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G1 - SFF
*AMD A10-8850B, Quad-Core A10 PRO-7850B, A10-8750B
*AMD A10-7800B, A10 PRO-6800B, A8-7600B
*AMD A8-8650B, A6-8550B
*AMD A6-8350B, Dual A6 PRO 7400B, A4-7300B
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA 2D with Radeon R7 or 8000}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD audio with Realtek ALC221 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom or Intel}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit - T15 security torx psu with 6pin PWR 200W connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G2, 705 G3 Mini PC USFF thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in and m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon R7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom BCM5762 GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit AM4 socket with 35W TDP A10-8770E (4c), AMD PRO A6-8570E (2c), AMD Pro A6-9500E, or AMD PRO A10-9700E on AMD B300 FCH - ddr4 sodimm slots - 77 x 175 x 34mm (6.97 x 6.89 x 1.34in) 1L and about 3lbs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 705 G4 Mini 1ltr USFF AMD Ryzen 3 2200G (4c t) or 5 2400G (4c t)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and 2.5in sata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru DP1.2 port 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio Conexant  codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit Am4 socket - 2 sodimm 16GB max - 19.5v hp socket ext psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G4 35w, HP Prodesk 405 G4 35W USFF - baseboard 83e9 35W - AMD Athlon PRO 200GE (2c 4t), 2200GE (4c t) or 2400GE (4c t) on AMD B350 FCH 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvme 2280 and older models 2.5in sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3, 8 or 11 with 2 dp1.2 ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio with Conexant CX20632 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111EPH 1Gbe or Realtek RTL8111F 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2017 64bit - realtek wifi 8821 or 8822 - up to 1 ddr4 dimm slots - hp barrel external ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Elitedesk 705 G5, HP Elitedesk 806 G6, Prodesk 405 G6 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2x NVMe or 1x SATA + 1x NVMe, but not all three drives at the same time without serious modding of hd caddie || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega with DP1.4 port || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - 3400GE Ryzen 5 PRO 3350GE (4c 8t), Ryzen 3 PRO 3200GE 3150GE (4c 4t), AMD Athlon Silver PRO 3125GE (2c 4t) on AMD PRO 565 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t540 1ddr4 slot, t640 2 DDR4 SDRAM sodimm SO-DIMM 260-pin non-ECC max 32gb thin client USFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVM Express (NVMe) 2230 or 2280 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 VGA, DisplayPort 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3 gen1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek Realtek RTL8111HSH or RTL8111E PH-CG 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit ryzen r1000 series Ryzen Embedded R1305G 1.5 GHz, R1505G dual (2c 4t) 2.0Ghz or R1606G ?.?Ghz (2c4t) - Realtek RTL8852AE wifi - 45W psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP t740 SFF Thin Client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2, one is sata and other nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 DisplayPort or + optional pci-e 30W Radeon E9173
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E PH-CG 1Gbe
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - Ryzen Embedded V1756B 3.25Ghz quad - 90W 19.5V 4.62A psu Coax male 4.5mm/3.0mm + centre pin - sodimm DDR4 max 64Gb - slightly noisy fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;HP EliteDesk 805 G6 Mini 4750GE (8t 16t), Prodesk 405 G6 Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (6c 12t) or Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (4c 8t) on AMD PRO 565
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2.5in carrier and 2 slots m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 with DP1.4 and HDMI flex io2 output options 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC3205 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb a - gen 2 10gig and gen 1 5gig ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit AMD Ryzen 4000 SBC unlocked - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - wifi6 - 90W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

====Lenovo====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Lenovo Nettop IdeaCentre Q150 (40812HU) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; realtek codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 10/100
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D510 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M625q Tiny (1L)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 Sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Stoney Radeon R2, R3 or R4 and later R5 with 2 dp ports 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  ALC233-VB2-CG codec 0x10EC 0x0233 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|3 usb3.1 Gen 1 and 3 usb2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 RTL8111  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit all dual cores - e2-9000e or a4-9120e later A9-9420e - heatsink covers 70% area covers wifi - 65w or 135w lenovo rectangle ac - 1 ddr4 2666MHz slot max 8gb - tpm 2.0 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 1 AMD A6 A8 A10-9700E 9770E (2c2t) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;M715q Gen 2 Ryzen 5 PRO 2400GE 4C 8T 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - f1 enter setup, esc device boot - fixed 1.8v ch341a needed to reflash 1.8v bios if no boot SOP8 DIP8 Winbond W25Q64, MXIC MX25U1635, MX25U6435 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCenter M75n nano Ryzen3 3300U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre M75q M75q-1 Tiny 1ltr TMM 
*AMD Ryzen 5 PRO Quad 3500 Pro 3400GE (4c 8t) 11a5 soe400
*AMD 3200GE (2c 4t) zen1+ 11a4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVMe 2280 1Tb max - untested 2.5inch}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 11 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek ALC222-CG codec ALC3287 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB3 Gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit - 65w 20v 3.25A to 135W rectangle psu - 2 sodimm ddr4 sodimm max 32GB locked 2666MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ThinkCentre Ryzen 7 PRO Tiny 1ltr Gen 2 AMD 4000 series 
*AMD 4650GE (6c12t) 4750GE (8c16t) 4350G (4c8t) Zen2 - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|NVme}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8169 8111
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit vendor locked - 20v psu - 2 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkcenter M75q-2 Gen2 refresh 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GigE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5650GE (6c12t) 5750GE (8c16t) - vendor/PSB can lock your AMD CPU - f12 boot devices
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Thinkcentre M75q Tiny Gen5 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 780M dp1.4a or hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 usb-c 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GBe port
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 Ryzen PRO 7 8700GE - 90W yellow rectangle connector psu - 2 DDR5 sodimm slots max 128Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


====Misc====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Impart impact Media Group IQ Box mini Digital Signage with MB896 mini itx 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 915 gme 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; via audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - 1 ddr2 slot - pentium m 1.73GHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac_mini_cd_1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel MacMini1,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 [https://answers.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+question/186749 Sigmatel Stac 9221] [https://android.googlesource.com/kernel/msm/+/android-wear-5.1.1_r0.6/sound/pci/hda/patch_sigmatel.c codec][https://alsa-devel.alsa-project.narkive.com/Yt20W6cE/sigmatel-stac9221-mux-amp-out-0x02-microphone-not-working mic]}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit possible 1.83 GHz Intel “Core Duo” (T2400) - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - maybe hack with a 2,1 firmware - max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only with c key - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://everymac.com/systems/apple/mac_mini/specs/mac-mini-core-2-duo-1.83-specs.html Apple A1176 Intel Mac Mini2,1] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|gpt/efi }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|gma950 2d and 3d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio with ICH7 Sigmatel Stac 9221 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One 2.0/ Icaros 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 64bit - swap pci-e wifi for atheros 5k AR5007EG - hacked with a 2,1 firmware and replaced the cpu for T7600 2.33 Ghz C2D and max 4GB Ram ddr2 sodimms - external apple psu - dvd boot only via c key 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 5,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 1.83GHz 17&quot; T5600 MA710LL || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA 950 with 64Mb || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio idt codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 17.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1440x900 - polycarbonate 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Apple iMac 6,1 &quot;Core 2 Duo&quot; 2.16 2.33 24&quot; only T7400 T7600 aka MA456LL/A A1200 (EMC 2111) || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia 7300GT with 128 MB of GDDR3 SDRAM PCI Express or GeForce 7600GT with 256Mb mini dvi, vga || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 64bit - 2 ddr2 667MHz sodimm slots - 24.0&quot; TFT widescreen 1920 x 1200 - polycarbonate plastic case iMacs of this generation are the most difficult iMacs to service due to their front bezel design 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware CA2 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;flash DOM 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;S3 Inc ProSavage PM133 (rev 02) vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VIA VT82C686 AC97 Audio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8139 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2003 32bit - VIA Ezra 800MHz - 2 PC100 sodimm slots - riser board carries an ISA slot and a PCI slot - external 12V power supply.with 4 pins - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware CA5 Capio One 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;44pin Disk On Module DOM 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;SiS550 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with SiS7019 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB1.1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8139 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004 32bit - internal power supply with mains lead has a &quot;clover leaf&quot; style - 2 144-pin PC100 or PC133 SODIMM might have 24MB of RAM soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware CA10 
*E140 model BL-XX-XX (800MHz CPU) later 
*E100 model BK-XX-XX (1GHz CPU)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA VT8623 (Apollo CLE266) vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102/VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 74) 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2004/5 32bit - 12v 5.5mm/2.1mm - 2 184-pin DDR DIMM - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona thin client 
*TC3200, 
*TC3x41 (P3VB-VXL) TC3541 TC3641 TC3841, 
*TC3xx1 (6VLE-VXL0) TC3931, 
*TC43xx (Gigabyte C7V7VX) TC4321 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC'97 Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA USB 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8100B 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2005 2006 32bit VIA Samuel 2, VIA C3 Nehamiah CPU, 1 DIMM slot, internal psu, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware Capio C50, model CA15 Thin Clients] 
*Login Administrator Password Administrator
*Login User Password User 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 flash Disk On Module
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA VT8623 (Apollo CLE266) vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with via codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2006 32bit VIA Eden (Samuel II core) CPU - 1 ddr sodimm slot max 512mb - slot - internal psu clover leaf - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://etoy.spritesmind.net/neowareca21.html Neoware CA21 Thin Clients] Igel 3210 (and maybe the Clientron G270) 
*Login Administrator Password Administrator
*Login User Password User 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 flash Disk On Module DOM 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA CN700 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with via codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit VIA C3 Nehemiah instead of Ezra-T - made 2 version of the CA 21, one with an Award bios and one with a Phoenix bios - 1 ddr2 sodimm slot max 1gb - VT6656 wireless - slot - internal psu iec - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Neoware CA22 (e140), part number DD-L2-GE with BCOM WinNET P680 (V4) as the Igel 4210LX (Igel 5/4) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 VIA VT82C586A/B VT82C686/A/B VT823x/A/C PIPC Bus Master IDE (rev 06)
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA CN700 P4M800 Pro CE VN800 Graphics [S3 UniChrome Pro] (rev 01) vga
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 VIA VT8237R Plus
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6102/VT6103 [Rhine-II] (rev 78)
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2007 32bit - VIA Esther to later C7 1GHz - 1 ddr2 sodimm slots max 512mb - +12V DC/4.16A/50W 5.5mm/2.1mm coaxial - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT402, Clientron U700, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Partial|VESA dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2008 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Optiplex FX170 D05U thin client, 10Zig 56xx range 5602, 5616v, 5617v, 5672v, Clientron U800, Devon IT TC5, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{partial|GMA 950 dvi}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Icaros 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 ddr2 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 3a psu - Password Fireport - ps2 keyboard socket - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig RBT-616V or Chip PC Technologies EX-PC (model number XPD4741)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|44 pin header very little room}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA 950}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HD Audio with  codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit N270 on NM10 with ICH7 - very small cases with very limited expansion - 1 sodimm 2GB max - 12v 4a psu - Password Fireport 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix GS-A21S-RH (rev. 1.0) SFF 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|X3100}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio with ALC883-GR codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82566DC}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;ICAROS 2.3 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 64bit Intel GME965 chipset with Intel ICH8M - 2 DDR2 Dimm slots - GA-6KIEH2-RH Rev.1.x mini ITX Case 213mm(D) x 64mm(W) x 234mm(H) - custom psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;VXL Itona MD+24 MD27 MD54 MD64 MD76 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;VIA Chrome 9 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;VIA
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit VIA X2 U4200 - 12v-19v barrel psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Revo 100 RL100 AMD Athlon II X2 K325 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® ION™ 9300m || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 1 front 2 back || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;NVIDIA nForce 10/100/1000 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 64bit but no AVX - 4Gb DDR3 sodimm - 500 GB - 19v 3.42a 65W - dvd but later BD drive - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock ION 330 330Pro HT-BD, Foxconn NT-330i, Zotac ION F (IONITX mini itx), 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ION geforce 9400}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|Nvidia USB}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Nvidia }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 32bit slow atom cpu - 2.5L 8&quot; by 8&quot; plastic case - 2 ddr2 sodimm max 4G - external 19v 65W 3.42A Plug 5.5mm X 2.5mm  - little whiny fan - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Zotac ZBOXHD-ND01 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION1
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;NVidia
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2009 32bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Zotac ZBOX HD-ID11
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC888 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111D 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2010 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ZOTAC ZBOX Blu-ray 3D ID36 Plus 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC261}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle XS35GT V2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio IDT92HD81 || &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|JMC251}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio realtek codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Unk|Realtek}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit - Atom™ D510 NM10 - DDR2 65 W AC, DC 19V~3.42A, 19.3L x 14.8w x 2.2H cm (1l), weight 530g, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD2 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE mode}} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nouveau ION2 GT218 with vga and hdmi 2d and 3d}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HDAudio}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|Intel USB2}} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit Atom™ D525 NM10 chipset - DDR3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AOPEN Digital Engine DE67-HA(I) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| Vesa 2d for Intel HD}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio for ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|usb3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel WG82579LM}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.jetwaycomputer.com/JBC600C99352W.html Jetway JBC600C99352W] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;ION2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|C-Media CM108AH}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111DL 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2011 64bit D525 - DDR3 - 12v psu 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn nT-A3550 A3500 AMD A45 Chipset DDR3 Nettop Barebones - White
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon HD6310 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 back and 2 USB3 front 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD Dual-core E350 1.6GHz CPU - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus EeeBox PC EB1021 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit - AMD® Brazos E-350 SFF or E-450 with A50M - 2 ddr3l so-dimm - 40W ac - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xi3 Piston PC Athlon64 X2 3400e (X5A), AMD R-464L quad (X7A) Z3RO NUC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD mobility HD3650 to radeon HD 7660G 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 3 USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros AR8161}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 - 2 sodimm 8GB max - 19v 3.3a round - Titan105 bios update - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Sapphire Edge-HD3 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD6320M with vga and hdmi || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC662 codec || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE1 || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD® Brazos E-450 with A45M -  ddr3l so-dimm - 65W ac - Wireless is Realtek 8191SU WiFi (802.11n) or AzureWave (802.11bgn) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Samsung Syncmaster Thin Client Display TC-W Series 24&quot; LF24 TOWHBFM/EN TC220W LED LF22TOW HBDN/EN || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8gb SSD || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe| VESA mode only Radeon HD 6290}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 2.0 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 thin Client C-50 C50 AMD® 1000 MHz and no wireless 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Advantech TPC-2140 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 atom-like G-T56E 1.65Ghz up to SSE3, BGA413 soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab FIT-PC3 fitPC3 USFF PC AMD G-T56N || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RADEON HD 6320 || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC888 codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64 bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 12v 3a - 2x sodimm DDR3 max 4GB - wifi rtl8188ce 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10Zig 6872 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA }}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 atom-like G-T56N up to SSE3 BGA413 (FT1) soldered - DDR3l single channel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG Technology 9972 1.6 GHz Linux 1.47 kg Black RX-216GD thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 5E 3840 x 2160 @ 30Hz to 2560 x 1600 @ 60Hz 2 x Display Port
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0 2 x USB3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD RX-216TD - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG 7800q thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Radeon 5E 3840 x 2160 @ 30Hz to 2560 x 1600 @ 60Hz 2 x Display Port
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB2.0 2 x USB3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit does support AVX or SSE 4.1 AMD GX-424CC (Quad Core) 2.4GHz BGA769 (FT3b) - 1 ddr3 sodimm - 12V 4A Coax 5.5mm/2.1mm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
*Itona VXL MZE12 AMD a4-5000 thin client 
*VXL Itona LQ27 LQ+27 LQ44 LQ+44 LQ49 LQ+49 LQ50 LQ+50 LQ64 LQ+64 thin client 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Ati 8330 vga hdmi dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2 2 usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2014 64bit quad BGA769 (FT3) soldered - 2 stacked sodimm ddr3 middle of mobo - 2 m.2 sata slots - 1 sata short cable half size space - limited 1ltr 8in case no fan - 19v hp style psu connector - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Dell Wyse 5212 21.5&quot; AIO Thin Client W11B 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 out from DP or vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2015 64bit slow atom like dual core AMD G-T48E 1.4 GHz - dell type round ac needed 90W 19.5V 4.62A - 21 inch 1080p screen - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;LG 24CK560N-3A 24' All-in-One Thin Client Monitor, 27CN650N-6N 27CN650W-AC 27', 34CN650W-AC 34', 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AMD Prairie Falcon GX-212JJ 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;CompuLab fit-PC4 fitPC4 4x 2Ghz AMD || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel}} || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64 - 2x DDR4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL Hedgehog M340C UD3 thin client 
*2016 V1.0 AMD GX-412HC 1.2GHz-1.6GHz Radeon R3E, normal bios DEL for Bios or F12 boot selector 
*2018 AMD GX-424CC 2.4GHz, Radeon R5E, UEFI hit DEL and choose boot or SCU icon 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SATA half slim version '''limited space''' with msata 8+18pins slot on earlier 2016 models
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|VESA for Radeon R3E later R5E sea islands vulkan 1.2 with dvi dp output}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with codec ?? (412) and  Realtek ALC662-VD0-GR (424), both case speaker}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;amd usb3 boot usb2 with bios &quot;disable usb&quot; entry 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8169 8111 (412) and (424)}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Aros One x86 USB 1.5, 1.8 and 2.2 but ArosOne 64bit 1.2 boot loop in usb2 port 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2016 64bit - 20cm/8&quot; high case - 1 DDR3L sodimm slot max 8Gb 1600MHz - external '''12V 3A''' supply with 5.5mm/2.1mm coaxial - IDE like interface under base stand is for legacy addon ports RS232 parallel etc - capacitive touch power on - case opening 3 stages, remove stand and narrow black plastic strip from the back, top cover slides off to the back and lifts off - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG 6148v 6048qv (6100 series) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit AMD Ryzen V1202B 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;10ZiG 7111q 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2019 64bit AMD Ryzen R2514 2.1 GHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Shuttle DA320 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;R3 R5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual realtek 1GbE 8111H 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit AMD 2200G 2400G - Robust metal 1.3-liter case - A320 chipset DDR4 - 19V 6.32A DC PSU - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD7 H850C around december 2019 '''AMD Secure Processor''' is a built-in dedicated security system that checks if the BIOS has a valid signature and thus secures the next step in the boot process. This ensures that only devices with a signed BIOS will boot 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;None but 8gb emmc 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek ALC897 or ALC888S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.2 and 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - AMD Ryzen™  Dual-Core 10W TDP - 2 DDR4 sodimms slots max 16Gb - 12V 4A psu - 2x DisplayPort 1.2 no dvi or hdmi - Intel® 9260 or SparkLAN WNFT-238AX wifi - 1x rear serial Prolific PL2303 chipset - locked down components and very limited expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD7 H860C - '''AMD Secure Processor''' is a built-in dedicated security system that checks if the BIOS has a valid signature and thus secures the next step in the boot process. This ensures that only devices with a signed BIOS will boot 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;None but 8gb emmc 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek ALC897 or ALC888S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.2 and 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - AMD Ryzen™  Dual-Core 10W TDP - 2 DDR4 sodimms slots max 16Gb - 12V 4A psu - 2x DisplayPort 1.2 no dvi or hdmi - Intel® 9260 or SparkLAN WNFT-238AX wifi - 1x rear serial Prolific PL2303 chipset - locked down components and very limited expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD3 M350C (UEFI issues) 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;None but 8gb emmc 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with Realtek ALC897 or ALC888S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3.2 and 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018 64bit - AMD Ryzen™ R R1505G Dual-Core 10W TDP - 2 DDR4 sodimms slots max 16Gb - 12V 4A psu - 2x DisplayPort 1.2 no dvi or hdmi - Intel® 9260 or SparkLAN WNFT-238AX wifi - 1x rear serial Prolific PL2303 chipset - locked down components and very limited expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;IGEL UD7 H860C AMD Ryzen R1605B Thin Client - '''AMD Secure Processor''' is a built-in dedicated security system that checks if the BIOS has a valid signature and thus secures the next step in the boot process. This ensures that only devices with a signed BIOS will boot 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 AMD Ryzen™ Embedded R1605B 2 – 3.6 GHz (Quad-Core) - 12v 5A psu - up to 16GB RAM DDR4 - locked down components and very limited expansion options 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix Barebone Mini PC BSRE-1605
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 M.2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC269 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 2 DDR4 sodimm slots
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM Deskmini UM250 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit AMD Ryzen V1605B - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;T-Bao MN25 Mini PC 2500U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Unk|Intel NVMe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|VESA Radeon Vega 8}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Unk| }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek PCIe 1GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Atari VCS || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2D for AMD Vega 3}} || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC codec}} || &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3 USB 3.2 Gen 2 front and 3 usb2 rear }} || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit Ryzen Embedded R1606G - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - TPM 2.0 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum M200 Silver Athlon M300 3300U 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum DeskMini UM300 3300U, UM350 DMAF5 3550H, UM370 and UM700 with 3750H  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MinisForum X300 with AMD 3400G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER3 GTR4 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 3 or 10 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RJ45 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 64bit 3200u or 3750h 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock DeskMini X300 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2020 Ryzen 7 Pro 4750G 5600G 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MinisForum Besstar Tech X400 with AMD 4650G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB 3.1 gen 1 and 2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek PCIe 2.5G}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit - MP1584 - kill NB679 NB679GD-Z=ALTM=AL** QFN-12 IC-REG-DL buck/linear synchronous chip IC with bad usb cables - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER4 GTR5
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;cant boot from installed SSDs unless its an M.2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 or 2 Realtek 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2021 64bit 4700U or 5900HX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI PRO DP20Z 5M Mini PC - AMD Ryzen 5 5300G
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2018-2021 R3 3200G Vega 8 - R5 3400G Vega 11 - Ryzen 5 5600G Vega 7 - Athlon 3000G
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum UM450 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - Ryzen 4500U - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Brix 
GB-BRR7-4800 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR7-4700 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR5-4500 (rev. 1.0)
GB-BRR3-4300 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 2.5G LAN RTL8125
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN50 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS PN51-S1 mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5700U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega thru dp or hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|3.1 gen1}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 19v or 19.5v 90w psu round barrel - 32gb ddr4 sodimm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minis Forum Bessstar Tech EliteMini B550 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 x 2.5in and 2 nvme  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|4 usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|realtek 8125 2.5GbE}}  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit AMD 4700G 5700G desktop cpu - 19v 120w round barrel - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A300 and later X300 Mini itx with Desktop AM4 socket 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - choose your own AMD APU GE 35w based - DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 4x4 BOX-5800U Zen 3-based AMD Ryzen 7 5800U 15W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;m.2 slot gen 3 and sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;vega 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 GbE and 1 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - WiFi 6E - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton S500+ Gaming Mini PC - Morefine S500+ 5900HX Mini PC - Minisforum UM590 Ryzen AMD Zen3 Ryzen 9 5900HX 7 5800H 45W - 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 1 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 thru HDMI 2.0, DP 1.4, and USB type-C 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|usb3.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|1 realtek rtl 8111h and 1 8125 2.5GbE bg-cg}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 sodimm ddr4 3200MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chuwi RzBox later Ubox 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 8 later to 660m vga, dp, hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|usb-c usb2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual gigabit 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 2025 64bit amd 5800h 4800h 6600H - 90w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC SER5, Trigkey AZW S5, Asus PN52, ZHI BEN MX-JB560, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe3 M.2 2280 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD Vega 6 with 1 or 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB3.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 1GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 5500U 5560u 5600U to PRO 5600H 5800H - 19v 3.42W 65W psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NIPOGI Kamrui ACEMAGICIAN AM06PRO Dual LAN Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 5800U, 5 5500U or 5600U/5625U
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;M.2 and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 7 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE ports 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - plastic build - 90w usb-c power - loud at 25W setting - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Topton FU02 Fanless Mini PC AMD Ryzen 7 4700U 5600U 5800U 8 Core 16 Threads
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe and 2.5in sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 3.0 with 2 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x 1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 - 2 ddr4 sodimm slots - fanless with copper cube from cpu to metal sheet which gets warm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Xuu XR1 Lite (5300u 4c 8t) PRO 5400U   MAX 5600U  
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 NVMe 2242 slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega 6
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 3.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64 quiet fan - very small case no expansions - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM UM690 Venus Series 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie4 nvme 2280 and 1 sata3 2.5in 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|1 USB4 and 2 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|2.5G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C16T - 2 ddr5 sodimmm - 19v ???W - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR6 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 680M RDNA2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 2.5GbE or intel i225}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit Ryzen 9 6900HX Zen3+ and a 2gb Radeon 680m 12CU ddr5 sodimm - 19v 120w psu - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PN53, Geekom AS 6, 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;pcie gen4 nvme and ata 2.5in
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m RNDA2 12CU with 2 hdmi and 1 dp
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|2 usb-c, 2 USB2.1 and 3 USB3.2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1G LAN}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit 6900hx 8C 16T - 2 slots ddr5 sodimmm (64Gb max) - 19v 120W - 4 retained base screws beware ribbon cable - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Micro Computer (HK) Tech Ltd MinisForum UM773 Lite later UM750L slim, GMKtec K2 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe PCIe4.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;RDNA 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 2025 64bit - AMD Zen 3+ (8c 16t) Ryzen 7 7735HS, 7840HS and AMD Ryzen 9 7845HX AMD Ryzen™5 7545U (6c12t) - 19v up to 120w ac adapter - ddr5 sodimm 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://www.asrockind.com/en-gb/4x4 ASrock 4x4 SBC] 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;sata or nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Vega or 680M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 or USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE or intel 2.5GbE
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink Mini PC GTR7 SER7 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe4 nvme 2280 up to 2Tb
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M RDNA3 GPU output on hdmi and dp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3.2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|1 or 2 2.5GbE}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2023 64bit AMD Phoenix APUs Zen 4 CPU Ryzen 7 7840HS or 9 7940HS (8c 16t) - 19v 5.26A 120w psu - del dios setup f7 choose boot - 2 usb-c on back - up to 64gb via 2 ddr5 sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MINISFORUM BD770i Ryzen 7 7745HX (8c16t) or BD795i SE 790i 9 7945HX (16c32t) or F1FXM_MB_V1.1 795M LGA1700 mATX 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 610m over usb-c, dp or hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio  with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 with 2 rear USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 2.5G 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 mini-ITX M/B is the first MoDT (Mobile on Desktop) with soldered AMD CPU - 2 dual PCIe4.0 M.2 slots - 2 ddr5 sodimm slots max 5200Mhz - 8pin cpu power - battery not easily replaceable underneath - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum ms-a1 MS-a2 
* 5700G to 8700G apu 
* 9955HX
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 610M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;dual 2.5GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2024 64bit - 19v ?A round barrel jack - 2 ddr5 so-dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AOOSTAR GT68 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;680m 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 2.5Gb 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 Ryzen7 Pro 6850H, 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;NextSBC 7840HS 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M 12CU 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 and USB 3.2  
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 GbE 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 32Gb soldered - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Firebat A6 R7 6800H
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 680M
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum UM760 7640HS 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 760 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 and 2.5Gb 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Peladn WO4 Mini PC 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 760 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit 7640HS - 19v 5.26A 120W - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;BossGame M4 Neo 7840HS 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Minisforum UM870 || &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}} || &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M || &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio || &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2.5GbE || &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt; || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Test Distro || Comments 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GEEKOM A8 Max AI Mini PC AMD Ryzen™ 9 8945HS, Ryzen™ 7 8845HS or 8745HS 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 780M 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| USB4}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Dual 2.5 G Ethernet ports}} 
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Beelink SER 9 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 890M
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - Ryzen AI HX 370 strix point - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GMKtec EVO-X2 mini pc 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8060S iGPU RDNA3.5 RADV GFX1151 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - amd ryzen AI Max+ 395 (16c32t) strix halo - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;BosGame M5 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/a}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8060S iGPU RDNA3.5 RADV GFX1151 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2025 64bit - amd ryzen AI Max+ 395 (16c32t) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Steam Machine GabeCube 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;semi-custom 1080p amd 7600m like with 28cu 8gb ddr6 gddr 10GFlops 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;hdaudio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;usb3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2026 64bit amd 1772 hawk point2 6c12t zen4 avx512 FP7 socket with FCH51 - 16gb ddr5 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AMD Ryzen AI Halo Developer Platform Workstation 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2026 64bit - amd ryzen AI Max+ 395 (16c32t) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GMKtec EVO-X1 PRO 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 890M with HDMI 2.1 and DP 2.1 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 40G and USB3 10G 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2xIntel  
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2026 64bit - AMD Ai 9 HX 470 Gorgon Point 12c 24t - 19v 120w - DDR5 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 8065S
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2026 64bit - AMD Ai MAX+ 495 Gorgon Halo - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|}


===Server Systems===

[[#top|...to the top]]

====IBM====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Integrated Gfx
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Audio
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;15%&quot; |Test Distro
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Comments
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;xSeries 206m
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI RN50b (VESA only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{n/a}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB 2.0 (UHCI/EHCI)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom}}
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;Nightly Build 2014-09-27
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}


===Motherboard===

[[#top|...to the top]]


* Late 2002, USB2.0 added and slightly better AROS sound support (AC97) appeared 
* 2002-2005 and still, to a limited extent, ongoing [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor_plague bad capacitors] 
* Late 2003, ATX PSUs moved from 5V to 12v rails (extra 4pin on motherboard for CPU) 


* Late 2005, PCI Express replaced AGP and HDAudio replaced AC97 
* Late 2007, ATX PSUs added extra 12V PCI-E connectors and 4+4pin for CPUs 
* Late 2010, USB3.0 appears on motherboards or needing a PCI-E motherboard slot 

* Late 2014 Hardware USB2 removed from USB3 chipsets 


====AMD Sockets====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 7 (1997/1999)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;1997 VT82C586B (QFP-208) is the first from VIA with DDMA
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2000 VT82C686 has close to excellent DDMA support
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;SiS 5581/5582
SiS 5591/5595
SiS 530 /5595
SiS 600/5595
SiS 620/5595
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket A 462 (2001/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2217921/ABIT-NF7-S-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Abit NF7-S] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SIL 3112A  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97 (Nvidia APU)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201LB  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Realtek RTL8801B 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7NF2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce2 ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMedia CMI 9761A AC'97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8201 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S8X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 746FX 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|AGP 8x}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97 cmedia}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock K7S41GX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 741GX + DDR 333
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|onboard sis does not work with vga or vesa but AGP 8x works}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 SIS 7012}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|USB2.0 works but does not boot}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SiS 900}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works ok
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.asus.com ASUS A7N8X] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Silicon Image Sil 3112A
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ehci USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;first total support for AROS in 2004/5 - damocles and M Schulz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar M7NCD
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Chaintech 7NJS Ultra Zenith
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Promise PDC 20376  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|CMI8738}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty NF2 Ultra
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|via ac97 VT1616}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8139C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ECS N2U400-A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|Cmedia 9379A AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|VIA VT6103L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA7N400L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 Ultra 400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.gigabyte.lv/products/page/mb/ga-8siml Gigabyte 8SIML] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS 650
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC'97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|working}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek RTL8100L LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Matsonic [http://www.elhvb.com/mobokive/archive/matsonic/manual/index.html Manuals] MS83708E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SIS730 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|SiS 5513}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|sis 305 no support use VESA}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|sis7018}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{no|SiS 7001 USB 1.1 only}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|SIS900}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;little support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?docname=bph07585&amp;lc=en&amp;dlc=en&amp;cc=us&amp;dest_page=softwareCategory&amp;os=228&amp;tool=softwareCategory&amp;query=Pavilion%20742n&amp;product=89232 MSI MS-6367 HP 722n 742n (Mambo) (2001/2)] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nvidia nforce 220D (2001/2) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce2 AGP works 2D nouveau only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|AC97 ADI 1885 no volume control on Units 0-3}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB1.1 ports AMD based - front 2 ports iffy}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|nForce}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested 20th Aug 2012 NB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 [http://us.msi.com/index.php?func=proddesc&amp;maincat_no=1&amp;prod_no=546/ Delta ILSR] Delta-L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ac97 ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K7N2 Delta2-LSR Platinum  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 (2002/3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|Primary &amp; Secondary ports}} IDE Tertiary port (RAID) 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports (RAID) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|when fitted with an agp video card}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|ac97 ALC655}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8201BL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;runs AROS well. Tested with Icaros 1.2.3
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.sharkyextreme.com/hardware/motherboards/article.php/2204281/Soltek-SL-75MRN-L-nForce2-Motherboard-Review.htm Soltek 75FRN-L] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek RTL8201BL}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.3dvelocity.com/reviews/mach4nf2ultra/mach4.htm XFX Pine Mach4 nForce2 Ultra 400] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce2
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|3 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports VIA VT6240}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP 8x slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC650}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8201BL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A7V266 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;via KT266A + 8233 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{no|issues}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with AD1980 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;via 8233 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;VIA VT6103 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2002 issues with booting 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A7V8X-X
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA KT400 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|agp}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|AC97 with ADI AD1980 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|VIA 8235}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|Realtek 10/100}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2003 not booting for Socket A for AMD Barton/Thoroughbred/Athlon XP/Athlon/Duron 2.25+ GHz CPU - 3 x DDR DIMM Sockets Max. 3 GB - 
|-
|}


=====Socket 754 (2004/5)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit NF8-V2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB (2004/5)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|2 ports}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot x8
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 ac97
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;a little support but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar CK8 K8HNA Pro 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;VT6420 thru ide legacy only 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|AC97 ALC655}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.extremeoverclocking.com/reviews/motherboards/Chaintech_ZNF3-150_3.html Chaintech ZNF3-150 Zenith] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nforce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|Sli3114 SATA via IDE emul}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 AGP slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA Envy24PT (VT1720) + VT1616}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcom GbE 5788}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very little support needs PCI cards but no Firewire VIA VT6306
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI Lanparty UT nF3 250GB 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250gb
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|2 ports nForce3 and 2 Marvell SATA PHY}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|AC97 ALC850}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|2 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;CK8S - Winfast NF3 250K8AA works and Marvell 88E1111 does not work
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 some support but no Firewire VIA VT6307
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8N
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8100C
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI43AB23 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte K8NNXP
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sata sil3512 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTl8110S 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI STB82AA2 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-K8NSNXP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce3 250GB
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;SiI 3512 CT128 Sata Sil3515
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvel 88E8001}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI K8N Neo-FIS2R 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nVIDIA NF3-250Gb 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek 7.1 AC'97 ALC850 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E1111}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://techreport.com/articles.x/5748/1 Shuttle AN50R] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF3-150
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sil 3112 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC650 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia nF3 (10/100) Intel 82540EM Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VT6307 no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; Foxconn WinFast K8S755A
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;SiS755 + SiS964 (DDR333) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; {{yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; {{yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Socket 939 (2005)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-LA GeForce 6150 LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Geforce 6150 (MCP51) + nForce 430 (PC-3200)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|two ATA 133}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|four 3.0GB/s SATAII ports}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;built in or PCI-E x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC883 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8201CL 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8N-SLI Premium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVidia 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|PCIe slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce LAN but not Marvell}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;DFI nF4 Ultra-D LanParty - Diamond Flower International sold to BenQ group 2010 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nF4 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA 2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Gigabit Ethernet, PCIe by Vitesse VSC8201 PHY nee Cicada 8201, PCI by Marvel 88E8001
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 64bit - Four 184-pin DDR Dual-Channel Slots - 1 pci on Ultra, 2 pci on sli, 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus A8V E SE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T890 +VT8237R CHIPSET ATX AMD Motherboard with Athlon 64 X2 / Athlon 64 FX / Athlon 64 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe}} AC97 driver using Realtek ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}} USB 2.0 only 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No}} Marvell 88E8053 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good base but needs additional PCI cards added for better support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS A8V Deluxe (2004) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;VIA K8T800 Pro (DDR400)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;Promise 20378 2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 SATA2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{no|VIA VT8233A 8235 8237 AC97}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8001 Gigabit}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;needs extra PCI cards
|-
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Test Distro--&gt;
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock 939Dual-SATA2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Ali Uli M1695 PCIe with M1567 AGP 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 Sata with JMicron JMB360 chip 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e and 1 agp 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;AC97 with ALC850 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8201CL PHY ULi 10/100 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;64bit pci-e and agp combo on board - 4 ddr slots - 
|}


=====Socket AM2 (2006/8) and AM2+ (2007-2010) =====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M61PME-S2 (rev. 2.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 6100 / nForce 430 chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio Realtek ALC662 Audio Codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N61-AR mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE via vga or 1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Nvidia
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Nvidia 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 32bit - 1 pci - 2 ddr2 dimm slots non-eec - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus m2n68-am se2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nvidia 630a 630/a MCP68SE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 ports 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports MCP61 chipset is SATA over IDE, not SATA over AHCI and reports subsystem as 0x1 IDE, not 0x6 SATA 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|nvidia 7025 2d and 3d thru vga}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|hd audio with realtek alc662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|nForce chipset RTL 8201CP}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Phenom IIX2, Athlon 64 LE X2, Sempron, and Phenom FX processors - ddr2 667Mhz ram max 4Gb - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM2+ / AM2 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M3A32-MVP Deluxe
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 790FX RD790 + SB600 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88SE6121 SATA II}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HD Audio ADI® AD1988}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8056}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASROCK N68-S N68C-S
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD based nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|slimline DVD drive works}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GF 7025 use vesa}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio for VIA 1708S VT1705}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe|echi usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201EL / 8201CL - nforce}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 unbuffered 1066Mhz ddr2 ram - N68C-S may need noacpi added to grub boot line to disable pci temporarily to run as it cannot get to [PCI] Everything OK - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M2N68-AM Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Athlon 64, Sempron, Athlon 64 X2, Athlon 64 FX with nvidia 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;no vga, pci-e slot only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with ALC662 codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8211CL Gigabit LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;adding &quot;noacpi noapic noioapic&quot; to the GRUB options - Dual channel DDR2 1066, 800, 667 MHz  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68M-S2 (1.0) S2P (2.3) S2L GA-M68SM-S2 (1.x) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025,  vga (s2 and s2p), dvi (s2l) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC883 (S2), ALC888B (S2P), ALC662 (S2L), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8201CL (S2), 8211CL (S2P), 8211BL (S2L), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit possible with AMD AM2+ CPU on AM2 motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0(5200MHz) to HT1.0(2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M2N68-VM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;nForce 630a (MCP68PVNT) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Nvidia GeForce ® 7050PV hdmi, dvi and vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio VIA 1708B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8211C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - ddr2 800Mhz 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM3 White socket (2010/11)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA74GM-S2 GA-MA74GM-S2H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;740g with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|bios IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 2100 and pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 (r1.x),ALC888b (r2.0), ALC888B (rev4.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111C later 8111D
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 23.4cm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.vesalia.de/e_aresone2011.htm Aresone 2011]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;760g 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|no Radeon HD3000 driver yet&lt;br&gt;vesa driver works&lt;br&gt;and add PCIe card}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support - 4 DDR3 memory sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn A76ML-K 3.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760g rev3.0
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|4 in IDE mode }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC662-GR codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 1.0 to 1.4) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|4 sata}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with Realtek ALC888 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8168 rtl8111c/d}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64 - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-MA770-UD3 (rev. 2.0 2.1)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 770 with SB700 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB2}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111C later 8111D}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support for AM3 with 4 ddr2 ram - 4 x PCI Express x1, 2 x PCI slots - firewire T.I. TSB43AB23 chip no support - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A785TD-M PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;785G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|ide legacy}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI Radeon HD 4200 - use vesa}} or pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Good support with 1366 ddr3 ram - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M4A88T-I Deluxe ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G with AMD SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Three SATA 3Gbps
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon HD 4350 GPU with HDMI and DVI or One 16x PCI-Express 2.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 x USB 2, 2 x USB 3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek RTL8112L}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 2 SODIMM DDR3 slots max 8GB
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4A88T-M Version E5907 E5826 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 880G SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Radeon 4250 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT 1708S codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek rtl8169 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte 890GPA-UD3H
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890GX together with SB850
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;use pci-e nvidia 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe - ALC892 rev. 1.0, ALC892 rev 2.1, ALC889 rev. 3.1 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Yes
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well overall 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-890FXA-UD7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX with SB850 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|IDE }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 2.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|AMD USB2 but limited with NEC D720200F1 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111D 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - XL-ATX Form Factor 32.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 890GXM-G65 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;890GX + SB750
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|ATI 4290 built-in (vesa)}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 DD GR}} HD Audio crackles 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock N68-VS3 FX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 / nForce 630a
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA® VT1705 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek PHY RTL8201EL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit - 2 x DDR3 DIMM slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GF615M-P35 MS-7597
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA® nForce 430
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GeForce 6150SE 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HD Audio with Realtek® ALC888S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|freezes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek 8211CL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.3), ACL887 (3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2010 64bit possible, AMD AM3 CPU on this motherboard, the system bus speed will downgrade from HT3.0 (5200MT/s) to HT1.0 (2000 MT/s) spec 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-M68MT-S2P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; nForce 630a 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;NVIDIA® GeForce 7025 vga 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B (1.x 2.x), ALC889 (3.0), ALC888B/889 (3.1),  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8211CL (all) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M4N78 PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 8300  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 xUltraDMA 133/100 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Integrated NVIDIA® GeForce® 8 series GPU with 1 PCIe 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA1708S 8 -Channel  codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;12 USB 2.0 ports (8 ports at mid-board, 4 ports at back panel)  
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;NVIDIA Gigabit 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x DIMM, Max. 16 GB, DDR2 1200(O.C.)/1066*/800/667 ECC,Non-ECC,Un-buffered Memory - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 9.6 inch ( 30.5 cm x 24.4 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket AM3+ Black socket (2012/15)=====

*095W FX-6300 FD6300WMHKBOX (bulldozer SSE4.1 AVX) 970 mobos with FX-8320E 8core Black Editions FD832EWMHKBOX  FX-8370E  (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*125W FX-6310 (bulldozer) 970 mobos with FX-8320 FX-8350 FX-8370 (Vishera/Piledriver) 
*220W 990FX mobos with FX-9000 FX-9370 FX-9590 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS M5A78L-M LX3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G with SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|bios IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 with pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC887, V? ALC892 codecs 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Qualcomm Atheros 8161/8171 add realtek 8111? pci-e card}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - uATX Form Factor 9.6  inch x 7.4  inch ( 24.4  cm x 18.8  cm ) - 2 x DIMM, Max. 16GB, DDR3 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-S2P
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|6 SATA2 ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GT240 and a nv7900gs, both pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC889 (r3.1), ALC??? (rev. 4.0), ALC887 (r5.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|Realtek 8111E (r3.1), Atheros (rev4.0), Atheros (r5.x) }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 offers very poor control over its EFI vs. BIOS booting partition features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-78LMT-USB3 (r3.0), (r4.1 Blue board), (r5.0 dark board), (rev6 dark mobo)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 760G and SB710 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|Bios IDE mode for SATA2 on early ones}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD HD3000, pci-e GT240 and a nv7900gs 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC??? (r3.0), ALC887 (r4.1), VIA VT2021 (r5.0), Realtek® ALC892 codec (rev6) }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not VIA® VL805 USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit - Micro ATX Form Factor 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 4 x DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 760GM 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;ATI 760G plus SB710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD3000 Use Vesa 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|P33 VT1705; P34, P21 and P23 (FX) MS7641 v3.0 ALC887,  E51 ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;P23 issues with audio ALC887 crackles thru earphones - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigayte GA-MA770T-UD3P (rev. 3.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;amd 770 with sb710
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with Realtek ALC888/892 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111d/e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock 890FX Deluxe5 Extreme3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 890FX + AMD SB850 or SB950 (Extreme3) 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC892}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111E rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A97 R2.0 EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 and SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Asmedia SATA Controller 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;n/a
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 (LE), ALC887 (Regular), ALC892 (EVO) codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 and 2 Asmedia USB3.0 Controller 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111F 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-970A-D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 970 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes|IDE mode}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC??? (rev. 1.0/1.1), ALC887 (rev1.2), VIA VT2021 codec (rev 1.3 1.4 and rev3.0) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 but not Etron EJ168 chip (USB3)}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek GbE 8111E (all revisions), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2015 64bit - ATX Form Factor 30.5cm x 22.4cm - 4 x 1.5V DDR3 DIMM sockets - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 970 Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;970FX SB950
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1150 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 usb2 with 2 USB3 VIA VL806 Chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Killer E2205 Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus M5A99X EVO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;990X - RD980 with SB920 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 pci-e gen ?
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-990XA-UD3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD 990 with SB950 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 (rev 1.x, 3.0, 3.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|AMD USB2 not 2 x Etron EJ168 chips for USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8169 8111e 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 24.4cm - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====AMD Fusion (2011/14)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| 1.2GHz single Bobcat Fusion C30 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| IDE
| SATA
| AMD 6250 
| Audio
| USB
| Ethernet
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| Asus E35M1-M PRO uATX
| 1.6GHz 18W AMD Fusion E-350 dual core + Hudson M1
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC887 VD2 
| USB
| RTL8111E 
| 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - EFI bios - pci slot - 
|-
| Asus E35M1-I Deluxe miniITX
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA
| AMD 6310 - no HD driver yet 
| ALC892 
| USB
| Realtek 8111E 
| 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - no support for Atheros AR5008 on a Mini PCI-E - 1 pci slot - 
|-
| ASRock E350M1 / USB3 (also version with USB3.0 added) 
| 1.6GHz dual AMD Fusion E350 + Hudson M1 
| ACPI
| {{N/A}}
| SATA - 4 SATA3 
| {{Maybe|AMD 6310 - use vesa with hdmi and dvi}} 
| {{Yes|Audio ALC892 playback but no HDMI output}} 
| USB - 4 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 
| {{Yes|rtl8169 for Realtek rtl8111E}}
| 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 1 pci-e 2.0 x4 slot - f2 or del bios, f11 boot select - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N-USB3 mini-ITX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Hudson M1 FCH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; plus HDMI, DVI 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 NEC USB3.0 with 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 for Realtek rtl8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 1 pci slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-E350N Win8 V1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Hudson M1 FCH A45 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Use VESA - AMD 6310 plus HDMI, DVI}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC887 playback through headphones but not thru hdmi}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe|4 USB2.0 needs more testing}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 for Realtek 8111e}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - works well but need to test with sata hard disk 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI E350IA-E45 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;e-350 + Hudson M1 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;no support 
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Sata3 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;AMD 6310 gpu 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 and 2 USB3.0 through NEC 720200 chipset 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-M PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E450 APU with Hudson M1 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS E45M1-I Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E-450 together 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM1 (2011/13)=====

On board Graphic on CPU - HD6410D, HD6530D, HD6550D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS F1A55-M LE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with AMD A55 FCH (Hudson D2)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s port(s), blue Support Raid 0, 1, 10, JBOD 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 2.0 slot or Integrated AMD Radeon™ HD 6000 in Llano APU 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 Audio CODEC  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 2011 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - A-Series/E2- Series APUs up to 4 cores - 2 x DIMM, Max. 32GB, DDR3 2250(O.C.)/1866/1600/1333/1066 MHz Non-ECC, Un-buffered Memory Dual Channel Memory Architecture  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 White Socket (2012/13)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A75 A85X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit does not support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket FM2 Plus Black socket (2013/15)=====

Onboard Gfx on CPU - HD6570, HD7480D, HD7540D, 

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A88X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM1 FS1b socket (2014/1x)=====

5350 4 core Jaguar cores 2GHz with Integrated AMD Radeon R Series Graphics in the APU Kabini [Radeon HD 8400] 

Later Beema APU with 2/4 core Puma (slightly updated Jaguar) cores, GCN graphics and a compute capable Radeon core, along with a brand new AMD security processor and FT3 BGA packaging (probably best avoided for long term survival).

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AM1I-A 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio Realtek® ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111GR 8168 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit may support AVX or SSE 4.1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI AM1M 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111G
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;BGA FT3 AM1x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket AM4 FM3 Summit Ridge Zen Zen+ (2016/22)=====

Jim Keller’s group designed x86 Zen CPU - new and covering the same AM4 platform/socket for desktop 

Zen will also shift from Bulldozer’s Clustered Multithreading (CMT) to Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT, aka Intel’s Hyperthreading). CMT is the basis for Bulldozer’s unusual combination of multiple integer cores sharing a single FPU within a module, so the move to SMT is a more “traditional” design for improving resource usage

Trusted Platform Module, or fTPM, that Windows 11 requires. Ryzen processors using a firmware TPM are causing stutters, even when doing mundane tasks. To enable TPM 2.0 on your AMD system please follow the steps below.
&lt;pre&gt;
    Power on system and press DEL or F2 to get into the BIOS.
    Navigate to Advanced\CPU Configuration.
    Enable AMD fTPM switch.
    Press F10 to save changes.
&lt;/pre&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VI Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 (1x16 or 2x8) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;SupremeFX audio features an S1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel I211 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 7 1800X 1700X 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar X370gtn Itx Am4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Dragon LAN RTL8118AS 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-AX370 K7 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with 2 x Realtek® ALC1220 codec 0x10EC, 0x0295
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 intel and 1 E2500 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  4 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Xpower Gaming Titanium 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X370 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;8-channel Realtek 1220 Codec 0x10EC, 0x0295
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;ASMedia® ASM2142 and amd cpu 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1 x Intel® I211AT Gigabit LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Prime B350 Plus ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; x PCIe 3.0/2.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 8-Channel  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 5 1600x 1600 1500X 1400 - 4 x DIMM Max 64GB, DDR4 up to 2666MHz ECC and non-ECC Memory - ATX 12 inch x 9.35 inch ( 30.5 cm x 23.7 cm )  - 2 pci 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME B350M-A/CSM Micro ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Ryzen 3 1300x 1200 1100 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Pro4 AB350 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe 3.0 x16, 4 PCIe 2.0 x1 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2017 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock AB350 Gaming-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B350 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B350 Tomahawk Arctic Mortar 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCIe 3.0 x16 (x16 mode) 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;white and grey colours - 2 pci-e and 2 pci slots - m.2 in middle - atx 12 in by 9.6 in and matx versions - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue M-ATX B350M-TI 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B350I-Plus ITX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B350
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock A320M-ITX MINI ITX Rev1.0 Rev2 Rev2.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME A320M-C R2.0 rev1.1 A320M-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A320 A/B300 SFF 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek ALC887 alc897 CODEC 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 usb 3.1 gen 1 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 3rd/2nd/1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ / 2nd and 1st Gen AMD Ryzen™ with Radeon™ Vega 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A320M-A PRO MicroATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A320  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio Realtek® ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG X399 Zenith Extreme  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X399 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; supremefx s1220 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Threadripper 1950X 1920X 1900X TR4 skt 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock Fatality X470 Gaming K4 mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e rebar possible 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Fatal1ty X470 Gaming-ITXac AMD AM4
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X470 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;intel 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS ROG STRIX X470-I GAMING AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B450-I Gaming 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;high VRM temps - raven ridge 14nm+ like 2200G 2400G 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B450 Gaming K4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; alc892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 4 ddr4 slots - low VRM thermals 3900x 3950x 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B450 I Aorus Pro Wifi 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;1 nvme pcie3 with 4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;very high vrm temps 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue B450i Gaming ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata3 - none nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64 2nd 3rd AMD - 2 ddr4 dimm slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b450 tomahawk max 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; b450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{n/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio with Realtek® ALC892 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450 Pro Carbon 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; ALC codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450-A PRO
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450I GAMING Plus AC ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2019 - 2nd and 3rd gen AMD - 2 ddr4 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI B450 GAMING PLUS MAX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B450 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek® ALC892/ALC897 Codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B450M M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock X570 PHANTOM GAMING-ITX/TB3 Mini ITX AM4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X570  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel LAN 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair VIII Dark Hero
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD X570 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; SupremeFX7.1 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Intel® I211-AT and Realtek® RTL8125-CG 2.5G LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix X570-I Gaming Mini ITX AM4 Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG X570 Gaming Plus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  alc1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Strix B550-i AM4 ITX Motherboard
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue Jingyue B550i Gaming itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;3 with 1 nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio alc
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;1G 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;2022 64bit max of Ryzen 5500 (c t), 5600, 5600g (6c12t) - 2 ddr4 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock B550 PHANTOM GAMING ITX/AX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with alc1220 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel 2.5G}} 
| &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock B550M-ITX/ac
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 ALC897 Audio Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek Gigabit LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock ASRock B550M-HDV
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;nvme and sata3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 or ALC897 Audio Codec unknown 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;usb3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek rtl8111h Gigabit LAN}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022  - 2 ddr4 slots - 1 pcie x1 slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG STRIX B550-A GAMING
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;PCIe Gen4 x4 &amp; SATA3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;  supremefx S1220A
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel® I225-V 2.5Gb}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte AMD B550I AORUS PRO AX Mini-ITX rev 1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 nvme pci-e3 with 4 sata3
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC1220-VB codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek® 2.5GbE LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021  2 x DDR4 DIMM sockets  1Rx8/2Rx8/1Rx16 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550 AORUS ELITE AX V2 ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 DP and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 USB 3.2 Gen1 Type-C 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|2.5GbE LAN}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit- finer tuning than A520's - AMD Ryzen 5000 Series/ 3rd Gen Ryzen and 3rd Gen Ryzen with Radeon Graphics CPU - Dual Channel ECC/ Non-ECC Unbuffered DDR4, 4 DIMMs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte B550M DS3H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek rtl8118 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit - 4 ddr4 dimms - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MPG B550 GAMING PLUS ATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB 3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Processors - 4 dimm ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI MAG B550 TOMAHAWK ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B550
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (up to Type 22110) and 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280)
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 4.0 with dp and hdmi 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio ALC1200 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 1 x USB 3.1 Type-C and 1 x USB 3.1 Type-A
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8125B and Realtek RTL8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 4 Dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Jginyue A520M-H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; old bios with random issues with APU ryzens - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520M S2H mATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 1GbE 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up - 2 ddr4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte A520I AC mITX mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;AMD A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit Zen3 65W and up 5600G (6c12t) or 5700G (8c16t) - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI A520M-A PRO mATX
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A520 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 1 x M.2, Socket 3, M Key (Type 2242/2260/2280) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e 3.0 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111H 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - 2 ddr4 dimm slots - 3rd Gen AMD Ryzen Desktop and AMD Ryzen 4000 G-Series CPU 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


===== (Socket AM5 LGA1718 Zen4 Zen5 Zen6 2022/27)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock Steel Legend 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 64Gb @ 6000Mhz or 128GB @ 4800Mhz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asrock TaiChi
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-e rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB4 with Thunderbolt 4 equivalent 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Realtek killer E3000 2.5GbE}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit - ddr5 ecc (10 chip) and non-ecc (8 chips) 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus ROG Crosshair Hero 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe rnda2 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 7950x3d 120W, 7900 7800 7600 90W 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x670e 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;rnda3 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64bit 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B650E-I 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 5
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023  - better sound with an actual AMP, PCIe 5, USB-C display outs - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x650 B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MAXSUN AMD Challenger B650M WIFI M-ATX (aka Soyo) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI b650i mini itx
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B650 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;NVMe 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023   - front panel connectors at the back of the board - dead rear nvme slot and a drained CMOS battery as the CMOS button being pressed during shipping - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M Zen4
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;A620M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen5 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Zen6 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--ACPI--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 FP8 Zen 6 Medusa Point 4bigC, 4 econC, 2lpC, 8coreGPU - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; || &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; || &lt;!--ACPI--&gt; || &lt;!--IDE--&gt; || &lt;!--SATA--&gt; || &lt;!--Gfx--&gt; || &lt;!--Audio--&gt; || &lt;!--USB--&gt; || &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt; || &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 FP10 Zen 6 Medusa Point 4bigC, 4 econC, 2lpC, 8coreGPU - 
|-
|}


===== (Zen7 AM6 2027/3x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


===== (Zen AM 203x/3x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


====Intel Sockets====

[[#top|...to the top]]


=====Socket 370 (2000/2)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel D815EEA 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;866Mhz P3 and i815 chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Nvidia AGPx8 6200LE added}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|2 USB1.1}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested AspireOS 1.7, simple basic board with useful 5 PCI slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket 478 (2002/4)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&amp;sl=zh-CN&amp;u=http://detail.zol.com.cn/motherboard/index46381.shtml&amp;prev=/search%3Fq%3Dc.865pe.l%2Bmotherboard%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26hs%3DsZB%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official Colorful Technology C.865PE-L Silver Fighter Warrior V2.3] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865PE
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|tested with CDROM}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{dunno| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|AGP slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALC650 AC97}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB 1.1 and 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL 8100 8139}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Still testing with NB (Nightly Build) May 2013 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865P
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 800}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel 845 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;865GC 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|intel 865 Extreme Graphics 2}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|AC97 AD1985}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|USB1.1 and USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|e1000}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested ICAROS 1.3 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA775 s775 (2005/8)=====

an industry standard DDR2 module could in theory contain fallback JEDEC, intel XMP and AMD EPP configuration data 

Intel PC CL5 ram modules but an &quot;AMD&quot; CL5 ram module the BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD (Serial Presence Detect) but can recognize the CL5 timing info in the JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an AMD PC CL6 ram modules but an &quot;INTEL&quot; CL6 ram module the BIOS cannot read the INTEL XMP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL6 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS auto configures for the AMD ram module and boots normally. 

an INTEL PC needs CL6 ram modules but have an &quot;AMD&quot; CL4 ram module. INTEL BIOS cannot read the AMD EPP info on the SPD but can recognize the CL4 timing info in JEDEC data table. PC BIOS recognizes module timings as incompatible an refuses to boot.  

entirely separate issue if the RAM module timing specs are incompatible.(i.e. CL4 RAM in a &quot;CL6 only&quot; PC) 


{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit AG8 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC658 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8110S-32 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2004 32bit - Firewire TI 4200R7T no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 915 Neo2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P915 + ICH6R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports SATA1 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe x16 Slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;CMI 9880L HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Broadcomm BCM5751 PCIe}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6306 no 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5GC P5GC-MX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945GC Lakeport-GC + ICH7R northbridge
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 3.0 Gbit/s ports  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCIe 1.1 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 usb2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|atheros L2}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2005 32bit - 3 pci slots - 4 x 240-pin DIMM Sockets max. 4GB DDR2 667/533 non-ECC - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Foxconn PC45CM-SA 45CM-S 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|pcie 1.0 slot with gma950 integrated}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with aLC883 codec playback}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|realtek 8139 8100sc}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 dimm slots 667mhz max 4gb - can be found in Advent desktops - 2 pci-e and 2 pci - core 2 duo only e6xxx - Micro ATX (9.6” x 8.8”) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-81945GM MFY-RH
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® 945GM Express with ICH7M-DH 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|GMA950 VGA15 and PCI-e 1.0 slot}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio with ALC880 codec playback only rear port}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 usb 2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Intel PRO1000PL 82573L Gigabit Ethernet}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 MoDT term “Mobile on DeskTop.”, low TDP CPUs to work on desktop form-factor motherboards. mATX Micro ATX 24.4cm x 24.4cm - 2 DDR2 dimm 1.8v slots with 4Gb max - will not boot if PCI2 slot occupied - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-945 GCM S2C
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|8101E Rtl 8169 (1.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA945-GCM S2L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;945GC with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCi-E slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|Intel HD Audio with ALC662 codec 2/4/5.1-channel (1.x)}}  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111c 8169 (1.x)}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM 4GB DDR2 memory max - 2 PCI-e and 2 PCI - Micro ATX form factor; 24.4cm x 19.3cm  - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo-F rev 1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC662 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI 945P Neo2-F rev 1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P945 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 SATA1 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCie 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC850 AC97 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8110SC (rtl8169) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P31-DS3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI Express x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111B 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;DDR2 800Mhz up to 4Gb 4 x 240 pin - 3 PCI - ATX 12.0&quot; x 8.3&quot; - 
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL-AM /PS 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 xSATA 3 Gbit/s ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 1.1 with integrated Intel® GMA 3100 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with VIA VT1708B with ALC662 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8102EL 100/10 LAN with Realtek RTL8111C Gigabit LAN  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2 x 2 GB DDR2 Non-ECC,Un-buffered DIMMs with 2 PCI - Intel Graphics Media Accelerator - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5KPL/EPU 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 with ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Pci-e 1.0 slot
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD audio with ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169 Realtek 8111C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested - 4 240-pin DIMM, Max. 4 GB - 4 pci-e and 3 pci - ATX Form Factor 12 inch x 8.2 inch ( 30.5 cm x 20.8 cm ) - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G31M ES2L
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 plus ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|Intel GMA 3100 2d}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|ALC883 (1.x), ALC883/888B (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Maybe|RTL8111C (1.x), Atheros 8131 (2.x)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces DRAM capacity to 4GB 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r1.0  G31M-GS
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{partial|rtl8169 RTL8111DL 8169 (for -GS) RTL8102EL (for -S)}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2007 64bit Core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig AMI bios MicroATX - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASRock G31M-S r2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G31 + ICH7 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|4 sata2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA 3100 2d not 3d}} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL 8111DL 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit core2 - 2 DDR2 800 max 8Gig MicroATX 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.intel.com/cd/channel/reseller/apac/eng/products/desktop/bdb/dg31pr/feature/index.htm Intel DG31PR] 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG31 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|3100 but can use PCIe 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888 playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111B Rtl 8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel G33 Express Chipset with ich9 southbridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;Intel 3100 powervr tile based 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 64bit - embedded on Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Duo, Pentium Dual-Core CPUS with Integrated GPU Intel GMA 3100 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P5G41T-M LX  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH8 + DDR3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|X4500 some 2d only)}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;3 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Atheros L1c AR8131}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;reduces maximum supported memory ddr3 from 16 to 8GB 2 dimm slots non-EEC - demotes the PCIe controller mode from revision 2.0 (5.0GT/s) to revision 1.1 (2.5GT/s
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;VT1708S (1.3), ALC887-VD2 (1.4), ALC887 (2.1), 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Atheros AR8151 l1c (1.x 2.x), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT S2PT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (1.0), VIA (2.0), ALC887 (2.1)
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111E (1.x), Atheros AR8151 l1c (2.1), 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-G41MT D3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 Port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 Ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA X4500 2d only and pci-e 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC888B}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports + headers
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111 D/E}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-P41T D3P 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G41 + ICH7 with Intel Core 2 Duo (E6xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 889/892 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111C or D/E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel DG41AN Classic 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;iG41 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888S ALC888VC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;AsRock P5B-DE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P965 + ICH8 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Maybe|works ide legacy}}
|&lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Yes|with PCI-E 1.1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio via VT1708S}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2006 works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5B SE
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;965 intel 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|HD Audio ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No| }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works well except ethernet 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5W DH Deluxe P5WDG2 WS PRO 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;975X 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 slots
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC882 AND LATER ADI 1988B 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Marvell 88E8052 88E8053}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TI TSB43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IP35 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 Express + ICH9R  
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;two RTL8110SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB43 AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P35 Neo F FL MS-7630 rev 1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel P35 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 1.1 support 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio ALC888
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Base model of this range of P35 mobos 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-P35-DS3
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P35 and ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek ALC889A codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek 8111B
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2008 - 4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets max 8 GB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-EP35-DS3 (rev. 2.1) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel® P35 + ICH9 Chipset
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk|4 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|Realtek ALC889A codec }}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes | }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8111B}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;good 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Abit IX38 Quad GT 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; HD Audio ALC888 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL 8110SC 8169SC 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Texas TSB 43AB22A no 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte X38-DQ6
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X38 / ICH9R Chipset 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCI-E 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A HDA 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;twin 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-EP45 DS3 (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 or ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s (SATAII0, SATAII1, SATAII2, SATAII3, SATAII4, SATAII5)  
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E v2.0 x16 slots support splitting its 16 PCIe 2.0 lanes across two cards at x8 transfers 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888  or ALC889A codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;2 x Realtek 8111C chips (10/100 /1000 Mbit)  
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets non-EEC 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI P45 Platinum (2008) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P45 + ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 sata2 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888 HD Audio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G45 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;adds Intel’s GMA X4500HD graphics engine to P45 Express features 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt; 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;G43 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA X4500 2d
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;removes HD video acceleration from the G45’s features 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P5E Deluxe 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; X48 with ICH9 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ADI 1988B codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Marvell 88E8001 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GigaByte GA-X48 DQ6 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X48 plus ICH9R 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;8 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;two PCI-E x16 v2.0 slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889A 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;8 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL 8111B 8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire TSB43AB23 no - ICH9 pairs with Intel’s 3-series (X38, P35, etc.) chipsets, in addition to the X48 Express, but excluding the G35 Express 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte EP43-DS3L  and Gigabyte GA-EP43-UD3L 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P43 with ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;1 port 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;6 x SATA 3Gbit/s connectors 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 x PCI Express x16 slot PCI Express 2.0 standard
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HD Audio with ALC888 codec  
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111C 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;4 x 1.8V DDR2 DIMM sockets - 4 pcie x1 - 2 pci - ATX Form Factor; 30.5cm x 21.0cm 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 73-pvm-s2h rev.1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;NVIDIA GeForce 7100 nForce 630i 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{Yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|3 ports SATA2}} 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{Maybe|Vesa 2d GeForce 7100 (vga /hdmi/dvi), 1 PCIe x16 Slot }} 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek ALC889A MCP73}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes|7 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL 8211B MCP73}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire Not, tested with Icaros Desktop 2.0.3 MCP73 is a single chip solution in three different versions 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Nvidia 7150 630i 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;intel based nForce 630i (MCP73)
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--GFX--&gt;GF 7150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO ALC883}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|ohci echi}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|RTL8201C}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;being tested 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; the MCP73PV or the GeForce 7050/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73S or the GeForce7025/nForce 630i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;the MCP73V or the GeForce 7025/nForce 610i 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}

=====Atom SOC (2008/2x)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945CLF 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;N230 single core 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA945}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC662}} Skt 441
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci and ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;works very well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[http://www.clusteruk.com iMica D945GCKF2 mobo]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel Atom N330 Dual Core
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;wip
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|IDE}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|gma}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD AUDIO}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|uhci ehci}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D945GSEJT + Morex T1610 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom 230 with 945GSE 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|GMA900 vga but issues with DVI output}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio with ALC662 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;small size, runs off 12V 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS AT3N7A-I  
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Atom N330 Nvidia ION
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|3 ports legacy IDE}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{yes|nouveau  cube  cube 2 45  quake 3 }}  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio with VIA 1708S codec playback}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169 device}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;&lt;ref&gt;http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EAiJpvu73iw&lt;/ref&gt; good but can freeze randomly at times 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;D410PT 45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D410 and NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{maybe|ide legacy}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|GMA3150}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|ALC262 or ALC66x odd clicks}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;45nm pinetrail
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D510 and NM10 + GMA3150 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;GMA3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC888B or ALC66x 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;RTL8111DL
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;some support 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-D525TUD (rev. 1.0 1.2 1.5)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;D525 NM10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;gma 3150 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111f 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots max 8g - Mini-ITX Form Factor; 17.0cm x 17.0cm - 
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion
|-
|}


=====Socket 1366 (2009/10)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P6T DELUXE 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x58 + ICH10 and Intel 1st gen. (Nehalem/Lynnfield) Core i7 (8xx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes|1 port}} 
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;2 PCIe x16 (r2.0) slots 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ADI AD2000B HD Audio
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|4 USB2.0}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Marvell 88E8056 Gigabit}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Firewire VIA VT6308 no
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;gigabyte ex58 ds 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; x58 + ICH10 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek 8111D rtl8169 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket 1156 (2010)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Acer Aspire M3910
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;i3 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA intel HD}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek ALC}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk| Realtek}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Yes|ALCxxx playback}} ALC888B (Rev1.x) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Yes| }} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|RTL8111D}} (Rev 1.x) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Tested but no support for WLAN Realtek 8188su 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H55M-E33 v1.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;E7636 M7636 H55 chipset so older i3/i5/i7 system
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HD Audio ALC889}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|PCI-E Realtek 8111DL}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Works well 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P7P55D
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P55 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe | via codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe |rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111B/C  RTL8112L }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1155 H2 (2010/13)=====

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS P8H61-I LX R2.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio via7018s codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111f}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit up to intel ivybridge cpus - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H61-I/RM/SI mini-itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio via7018s codec}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 8111f}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit up to i3-2010 - OEM board from an RM machine but not ivybridge as the Asus BIOS isn't compatible with these, 0909 hacked one might work - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;asus p8h61-i lx r2.0/rm/si mini itx 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;h61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with VIA codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111e
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 sandy and ivy - oem from rm machine 2 x 240-Pin DDR3 DIMM sockets max DDR3 1333MHz - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;‎Bewinner 63q9c7omvs V301 ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata with nvme 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 4 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Realtek 8106E 100M Network Card}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2022 64 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Biostar H61 H61MHV2 H61MHV3 Ver. 7.0
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with Intel Pentium G 2xxx series CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek ALC662 later ALC897
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 usb2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 Realtek RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 - 2 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61M-D2-B3 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + Sandybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 ports
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61MA-D3V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports sata2 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Maybe HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 (Rev 2.0) ALC887 (Rev2.1) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 2.0/1.1 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H61N-D2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata2 and maybe 4 sata3 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 slot wit 1 x DVI-I port
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with Realtek ALC887 (Rev 1.0)}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB 2.0/1.1 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek RTL8111E
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit- 2 x 1.5V DDR3 DIMM sockets up to 16 GB - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GA-H61M-S2PV 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 with 2400k 2500k 2600k 2700k 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 2.0 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887 (rev 1.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 USB 2.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Rtl8111E (1.0), 8151 (2.0) no, Rtl8111F (2.1 2.2 2.3) 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Micro ATX Form Factor; 24.4cm x 20cm with 2 pci-e and 2 pci - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Intel Classic Series DH61CR Desktop 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;4 ports 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel 82579V}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61M-P20 (G3) MS-7788 
*retail MSI board 
*OEM Advent, etc 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|four SATAII ports}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;1 PCI Express gen3 (retail) gen2 (oem) x16 slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|Realtek 8105E 100M Network Card}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 22.6cm(L) x 17.3cm(W) M-ATX Form Factor - BIOS - [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=6009#post_6007 works well], 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H61I-E35 (B3) MS-7677 Ver.1.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H61
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata2 3gbps 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|VESA 2d for hdmi and 1 pcie 2.0 x1 slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1149&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=5861#post_5861 works}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 and USB2 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 rtl8111e}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2012 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8H67-M
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H67 + 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;6 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8P67 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;P67 with sandybridge and ivybridge cpus 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk|HDAudio with ALC codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 realtek rtl8111}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus P8Z68-V LX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Intel 2nd generation (Sandy Bridge) CPU and possibly ivybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2 sata3 - 4 sata2}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio Intel HD with ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek® 8111E}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2011 64bit SSE 4.1 and AVX - EFI bios - 4 ddr3 dimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte Z68AP-D3 (B3) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z68 + Ivybridge 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata3 - 4 sata2
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC889 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 USB3.0 - 4 USB2.0 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® 8111E 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus B75M-A 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B75 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio with Realtek ® ALC887-VD codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek ® 8111F-VB-CG }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit - 2 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H77-D3H 1.0 1.1 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H77 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 3.0 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit i5 3550 7 3770 - 4 DDR3 slots - 2 full pci-e 2 pci slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z77 D3H with i3 3225 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{No|HDAudio VIA VT2021 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{No|Atheros GbE LAN chip}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1150 H3 (2013/2016)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;[https://theretroweb.com/motherboards/s/asus-b85m-e-rev-1-02 Asus B85M-E]
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B85 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{maybe|HDAudio with Realtek ® ALC887-VD2 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 Realtek 8111F}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 4 ddr3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H87N-WIFI mITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H87 and Intel 4th generation (Haswell) Core i5 (4xxx) CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|Intel Atheros}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS H81I-PLUS Mini ITX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 with intel 4590t 4690t
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata3 6gbps 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0 x4 slot and with HD4400 HDMI vga mode works but other grub options no display just black screen - analogue DVI and vga untested  
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{yes|HDAudio 6.34 with ALC8878 codec playback only}} 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{yes|USB3 and USB2}} 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 rtl8111g}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 2 ddr3 dimm slots max 16gb - f2 or DEL bios and f8 boot select - does not like unconnected gfx card in pci-e slot - deadwood 2026-09 DO3 build - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81M-C H81M-P-SI
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 (4xxx) CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2x3g 2x6g}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;hdaudio alc887 vd
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;realtek 8111gr
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 skt 1150 - 2 ddr3 max 16g - mini atx - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H81T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;HD4000 igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887-VD 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 realtek 8111G 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit intel 4th gen mini itx - external dc brick with 19v rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 ddr3 laptop sodimm slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H81M-S2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A|}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio ALC887 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN chip 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit up to i7 4790K - 2 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H81M-D3V (rev. 1.0)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A| }}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes|2 sata2 2 sata3 }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{unk| HDAudio Realtek® ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{unk|intel and VIA® VL805}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{unk|rtl8169 Realtek }}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H81M-E34 (MS-7817) 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H81 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{yes| }}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;PCIe 2.0 x16 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|rtl8169 RTL8111G}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z87-K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t i5 4c4t CPU
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-Z87X-UD3H 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z87 Express 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with Realtek® ALC898 codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA H97M D3H r1.0 r1.1 with i3 4360 or 4370 dual 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC892
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek lan 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Z97 A with i7 4790K 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot for GTX 750, 960, 970 and 980 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD with ALC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel lan ethernet}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA Z97X UD3H rev1.0 1.1 1.2 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with i5 4690K 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC1150
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel lan}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI GAMING 5 Z97 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z97 with 4th generation (Haswell) Core i7 4c8t CPU 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS Q87M-E
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Q87 lynx point 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;ALC887VD codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2014 64bit - 4 DDR3 slots - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA2011V2 s2011-2  (2012/15)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x79 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2013 Xeon e5-???? W TDP, e5-2667V2 W TDP, e5-????V2 W TDP, Sandybridge and Ivybridge V2
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X79 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA2011V3 s2011-3  (2015/18)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 Xeon e5-1620v3 130W TDP, e5-1650V3 (i7-5930K) 140W TDP, e5-2640V3 90W TDP, Haswell-EP 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;most cheap Ryzens are better nowadays 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Huananzhi X99-CD4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Intel C612 and X99 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 3 connectors and 1 m.2 nvme slot 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pcie slot 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio with ALC897 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{No|USB3}}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{maybe|rtl8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2024 quality might not be great outside of a simple setup - 2 ddr4 dimms - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Keyiyou X99 XD4 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Machinist MR9A Pro 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Machinist MR9A Pro 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Mogul 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Qiyida X99 H9S
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Soyo 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1151 Socket H4 (2015/2018)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;Skylake CPUs have TPM 2.0 embedded 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110 Plus H110M-A/DP 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;  with 6th Gen Core and 7th with bios update 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;Sunrise Point-H SATA [AHCI mode] [8086 a102] 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{No|Skylake Integrated HD Graphics use PIC-E slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Intel HD Audio with Realtek ALC887 Audio CODEC
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Sunrise Point-H USB 3.0 xHCI [8086: a12f] no usb2.0 fallback 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{Yes|Realtek 8111GR or 8111H RTL8111 8168 8411}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;ATX with 3 pci-e and 2 DDR4 slots - uatx version smaller - turn off TLSF as it was causing AHI driver to corrupt. Turned off ACPI for errors but works fine once booted - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;ASUS H110M-R M-ATX 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 6th Gen Skylake Core™ i7 Core™ 6950X i7-6970HQ i7-6700K 4c8t hyperthreading, i5/Core™ i5-6600K 4c4t i3/Pentium® / Celeron® 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio with Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Intel USB3 
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® RTL8111H
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit - 2 DDR4 DIMMS Max 32GB 2133MHz - 1 full pci-e and 2 pci-e 1 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H110T 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;2 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;intel igpu only 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDaudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Dual Intel/Realtek GbE languard 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 - mini itx 12v / 19v laptop type rare barrel pin 7.4MM x 5.0MM - 2 sodimm ddr4 slots - no pci-e slot - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte GA-H110M-S2H MATX Rev1.0 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;Realtek® ALC887 codec 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;2 (USB 3.1 Gen 1) ports with 4 us2
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;Realtek® GbE LAN
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;   2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte ga-h110n 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H110
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;{{Yes| sata}}
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;{{maybe|Vesa 2d for Intel or PCI-e slot}}
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;{{Maybe|HDaudio for ALC887 codec}}
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;{{Maybe| }}
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{yes|RTL8169}}
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 mini-itx 6th gen 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Msi H110M-PRO-VH 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 x SATA 6Gb/s 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 3.0
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt; Realtek® ALC887 Codec
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;rtl8169 rtl8111h 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; 6th gen intel -  2 ddr4 slots 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus H170 Pro Gaming
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;H170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sata 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;Asmedia USB3.1/3.0
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel lan}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI Z170A TOMAHAWK 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Z170 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;{{N/A}}
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;4 sara, 1 x 2280 Key M(PCIe Gen3 x4/SATA), 1 x 2230 Key E(Wi-Fi) 
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;pci-e 
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;HDAudio 
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;{{no|intel lan}} 
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2016 64bit up to i7 7700k - 2 DDR4 - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;GIGABYTE GA-B250M-DS3H HD3P D3H D2V 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;B250 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2018 coffee lake intel 8th gen
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with Kaby Lake X Intel 7th Gen 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Z390 with Kaby Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; Q370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; H370M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; B360M 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus Rampage 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;x299 with  i9
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;  - up to 24 to 44 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Gigabyte 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;X299
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1200 (2020/2022)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI H510M-A PRO (MS-7D22)
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with 10th gen Comet Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 64bit -  up to 16 pcie lanes rebar possible 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus PRIME H410M-E
Asrock H470M-HDV/M.2
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; with 11th gen Rocket Lake X
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt; up to 16 pcie lanes 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


=====Socket LGA 1700 (2023/ )=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Alder Lake / 14th gen Raptor Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2021 2022 64bit - QoS work to 2 level cpus, P down to E cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Meteor Lake ultra 5 7 1xxH series 1 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2023 2024 64bit 10nm - 3 level cpus, Low Power Island (SOC tile) to E onto P cores - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 15th gen Arrow Lake
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Lunar lake ultra 5 7 2xxV series 2 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2025 64bit 7nm - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt; 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nova Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 64bit - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Panther Lake 
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2026 64bit - either 44, 484, or 448 tiled cores 18A process - core ultra x9 288h, x7 358H, - 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA 1954 (2027/ )=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Nova Lake-S
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;Serpent Lake, Titan Lake, and Razer Lake
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;2027
|-
|}


=====Socket LGA (203x/203x)=====

[[#top|...to the top]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Name
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Chipset
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |ACPI 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |IDE
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |SATA
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |USB
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;30%&quot; |Opinion
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;MSI
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey; {{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Name || Chipset || ACPI || IDE || SATA || Gfx || Audio || USB || Ethernet || Opinion 
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;Asus 
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|-
| &lt;!--Name--&gt;
| &lt;!--Chipset--&gt;
| &lt;!--ACPI--&gt;
| &lt;!--IDE--&gt;
| &lt;!--SATA--&gt;
| &lt;!--Gfx--&gt;
| &lt;!--Audio--&gt;
| &lt;!--USB--&gt;
| &lt;!--Ethernet--&gt;
| &lt;!--Opinion--&gt;
|}


===Chromebooks===

For most (EOL) cromebooks, the recommended UEFI path forward is to:

*put the device into Developer Mode
*disable firmware write protection
*flash MrChromebox's UEFI Full ROM firmware
*install ChromeOS Flex, Linux, etc


See [https://mrchromebox.tech/#home MrChrome], [https://mrchromebox.tech MrChrome] and the [https://www.reddit.com/r/chrultrabook/ chrultrabook subreddit] for more info


ChromeOS has several different boot modes, which are important to understand in the context of modifying your device to run an alternate OS:

*Normal/Verified Boot Mode
        Can only boot Google-signed ChromeOS images
        Full verification of firmware and OS kernel
        No root access to the system, no ability to run Linux or boot other OSes
        Automatically enters Recovery Mode if any step of Verified Boot fails
        Default / out-of-the-box setting for all ChromeOS devices

*Recovery Mode
        User presented with Recovery Mode boot screen (white screen with 'ChromeOS is missing or damaged')
        Boots only USB/SD with signed Google recovery image
        Automatically entered when Verified Boot Mode fails
        Can be manually invoked:
        On Chromebooks, via keystroke: [ESC+Refresh+Power]
        On Chromeboxes, by pressing a physical recovery button at power-on
        On Convertibles/Tablets, by holding the Power, Vol+, and Vol- buttons for 10s and then release
        Allows for transition from Verified Boot Mode to Developer Mode
        On Chromebooks/Chromeboxes, via keystroke: [CTRL+D]
        On Convertibles/Tablets, via button press: Vol+/Vol- simultaneously
        Booting recovery media on USB/SD will repartition/reformat internal storage and reload ChromeOS

Note: The ChromeOS recovery process does not reset the firmware boot flags (GBB Flags), so if those are changed from the default, they will still need to be reset for factory default post-recovery.

*Developer Mode
        &quot;Jailbreak&quot; mode built-in to every ChromeOS device
        Loosened security restrictions, allows root/shell access, ability to run Linux via crouton
        Verified Boot (signature checking) disabled by default, but can be re-enabled
        Enabled via [CTRL+D] on the Recovery Mode boot screen
        Boots to the developer mode boot screen (white screen with 'OS verification is off' text), 

The user can select via keystroke 
&lt;pre&gt;
           ChromeOS (in developer mode) on internal storage ( [CTRL+D] )
           ChromeOS/ChromiumOS on USB ( [CTRL+U] )
           Legacy Boot Mode ( [CTRL+L] )
&lt;/pre&gt;
Boot screen displays the ChromeOS device/board name in the hardware ID string (eg, PANTHER F5U-C92, which is useful to know in the context of device recovery, firmware support, or in determining what steps are required to install a given alternate OS on the device.

*Legacy Boot Mode
        Unsupported method for booting alternate OSes (Linux, Windows) via the SeaBIOS RW_LEGACY firmware 
        Accessed via [CTRL+L] on the developer mode boot screen
        Requires explicit enabling in Developer Mode via command line: sudo crossystem dev_boot_legacy=1 
        Most  ChromeOS devices require a RW_LEGACY firmware update first
        Boots to the (black) SeaBIOS splash screen; if multiple boot devices are available, prompt shows the boot menu

Note: If you hear two beeps after pressing [CTRL+L], then either your device doesn't have a valid Legacy Boot Mode / RW_LEGACY firmware installed, or legacy boot capability has not been been enabled via crossystem.


https://www.howtogeek.com/278953/how-to-install-windows-on-a-chromebook/

Chromebooks don’t officially support other OSs. You normally can’t even install as Chromebooks ship with a special type of BIOS designed for Chrome OS. But there are ways to install, if you’re willing to get your hands dirty and potentially ruin everything 

[https://mrchromebox.tech/#devices Firmware Compatibility] 

[https://wiki.galliumos.org/Hardware_Compatibility Here is the list of hardware that the GalliumOS supports and information on getting Gallium OS on to those devices]

Development on GalliumOS has been discontinued, and for most users, GalliumOS is not the best option for running Linux due to lack of hardware support or a kernel that's out of date and lacking important security fixes.

Meet Eupnea and Depthboot, the successors to Galliumos and Breath [https://eupnea-linux.github.io This is the bleeding edge] 

Most older Chromebooks need the write-protect screw removed in order to install MrChromebox's firmware that allows you to install other operating systems. Most newer Chromebooks don't work in the same way as there is no write-protect screw on them. 


Very rough guide to '''total''' (i.e. all cores / threads) processor performance (AROS usually uses only the [https://gmplib.org/gmpbench one core]) 

[[#top|...to the top]]

&lt;pre&gt;

060000    AMD Ryzen 9 7900X (AM5 170W), 
056000    AMD Ryzen 9 5950X, 
055000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X3D, 
053000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900X (AM4 105W), AMD Ryzen 9 3950X (105W), 
044000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800X3D, 
042000    AMD Ryzen 9 6900HX, AMD Ryzen 5 5600X3D (AM4 95W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 5750GE (AM4 35W), 
039000    AMD Ryzen 9 5900HS, Intel Core i7-12700T, AMD Ryzen 7 7735HS (8c16t 45W), AMD 8840U, 
038000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800H (FP6 45W), AMD Ryzen 7 6800U, Intel Core i5-12490F, Intel Core i5-12500E,   
037000    AMD Ryzen 7 5800HS (FP6 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 8500G 8600GE (AM5 6c12t 35W), AMD Ryzen Z2 (8c16t), 
036500    AMD Ryzen 7 5700G (AM4 8c16t 65W), AMD Ryzen 9 6900HS, Intel Core i7-12800H, 
036200    AMD Ryzen 7 5700GE (AM4 8c16t 35W), AMD Ryzen Z1 Extreme (top TDP), AMD Ryzen 5 8600G (AM5 65W), 


036000    AMD Ryzen 5 3600X (Am4 95W), AMD Ryzen 5 5500 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 5600 (65W), 
035000    AMD Ryzen 5 6600H, Intel Core i5-12400F, 
031000    AMD Ryzen™ 9 8945HS, Ryzen™ 7 8845HS, AMD Ryzen 7 7840U, 
030000    AMD Ryzen 7 4800U, AMD Ryzen 4800H, Intel Core i5-11400F, Intel Zeon E5-2697A V4, 
029500    AMD Ryzen 5 4500 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3600 (65W), Apple M3 Pro 12c, AMD Ryzen 5 5600G, 
028500    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5675U, AMD Ryzen 7 1700 (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 7 2700 (65W), Ryzen 3 7540U, 
028000    AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650U, 5 5560U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen3), Intel Core i5-13500H, AMD Ryzen 7 4800HS, 
027700    AMD Ryzen 9 PRO 7940HS (FP8 65W), AMD 8745HS, AMD Ryzen H255 AI, AMD Ryzen 3 7545U, 
027500    AMD Ryzen 3 7736U, AMD Ryzen 5 7640U, 
027400    AMD Ryzen 5 8540U, AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 5650GE (AM4 6c12t 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650G (AM4 45W), 
027300    AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750GE, AMD Ryzen 5 5600H, AMD Ryzen 7 5825U (FP6 8c16t 15W), 
027200    AMD Ryzen 5 6600U, AMD Ryzen 7 2700X, AMD Ryzen 5 5600GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen Z1, 
027100    AMD Ryzen 7 7730U (FP6 15W 8c16t), AMD Ryzen 7 5800U (FP6 25W 8c16t), Ryzen 9 4900H, 
027000    AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 4750U (8c16t), Ryzen 5 7430U (FP6 6c12t), Ryzen 5 PRO 6650U, Intel 10500H, 
026500    AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 7840HS (FP7 65W), AMD Ryzen 7 8840HS, AMD Ryzen Z2 Extreme, 
025000    AMD Ryzen 5 4600HS (FP6 35W 6c12t), Apple M1 Pro, AMD Ryzen 5 5625U (FP6 15W 6c12t),
024500    AMD Ryzen 5 5600U (FP6 25W hot 6c12t Zen3), AMD Ryzen 5 2600 (65W), Ryzen 5 7530U, 
024000    AMD Ryzen 5 4600G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 7 PRO 1700X (AM4 95W), 
023700    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 5350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 5 3500X (AM4 95W), Intel Core i7-9700, 
023500    AMD Ryzen 5 1600X (95W), AMD Ryzen 3 5300GE (AM4 4c8t 35W), AMD Ryzen 7 5700U (FP6 25W 8c16t Zen2), 
023200    AMD Ryzen 3 7330U (FP6 15W 4c8t), AMD Ryzen 7 4700U (FP6 25W 8c8t), AMD Ryzen 5 4400G, 
023000    Intel Core i7-1255U, Intel Core i7 13700H, Ryzen 7640HS, 
022000    AMD Ryzen Z2 Go (4c8t), AMD Ryzen 5 5500U (FP6 25W 6c12t Zen2), Snapdragon 8 Elite, 


020500    AMD Ryzen 3 4300G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 3 5450U 5425U, AMD Ryzen 5 PRO 4650U (6c12t), 
019500    Intel Core i5-1135G7, AMD Ryzen 5 5500H, AMD Ryzen 5 4600U (FP6 25W 6c), AMD Ryzen 5 2600 (65W), 
019250    Intel Core i5-1145G7, 
019000    AMD Ryzen 5 3400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 2500X, AMD Ryzen 5 7520U, AMD Ryzen V3C18I (? 15W),
017750    AMD Ryzen 5 3400GE (AM4 35W), Intel Core i5-8400, AMD Ryzen 5 1500X (AM4 65W), Xbox One Series X, 
017500    Intel Core i7-6700K, Intel i5-10400, AMD Ryzen 5 4500U (FP6 25W 6c6t), AMD Ryzen 3 5400U, 
017000    AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4350GE (AM4 35W), AMD Ryzen 3 5300U (FP6 25W 4c8t), Intel Core i5-11300H, 
016500    AMD Ryzen 7 3750H, AMD Ryzen Embedded V1756B (FP5 45W), AMD Ryzen 3 PRO 4200GE, SD G3 Gen3, 
016250    Intel Core i5-1035G7, intel core i5 7600 (4c4t 65W), 
016000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400G (AM4 65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3550H, Ryzen 5 PRO 3350GE (4c 8t), Intel Core i5-8500T, 
015500    AMD Ryzen Embedded R2544, Apple A19 Pro, Intel i7-4790K, 
015000    AMD Ryzen 3 7320U, Ryzen 7 3700U, Ryzen 3200G (AM4 65W), Intel Core i7-8550U, Intel Core i5-1035G1, 
014000    AMD Ryzen 5 2400GE (AM4 35W), Intel Core i7-6700T, AMD Ryzen 5 3550U, 
013500    AMD Ryzen 5 3500U (FP5 15W 4c8t), AMD Ryzen 3 4300U, AMD Athlon Gold 4150GE, AMD Ryzen 5 3450U, 
013250    AMD Ryzen 3 3200GE (AM4 45W), AMD Ryzen 3 1300X (65W), AMD Ryzen 3 2200G, Xbox One Series S, 
013000    AMD Ryzen Embedded V1605B (FP5 25W), AMD Ryzen 2700U, AMD Ryzen R2514, Apple A18, 
012500    AMD Ryzen 5 2500U (FP5 25W 4c8t), Intel Core i3-8300T, Intel Xeon X5680, Intel i3-1115G4 (2c4t), 


012300    Intel Core i7-8565U, Intel Core i5-8350U, Intel Core i7-8700, Allwinner A733 (2 A76, 6 A55), 
012200    ARM Cortex-X3 Prime Snapdragon SD8G2 Gen2 4nm 64-bit Kryo CPU, i5-8250U (4c8t), 
012000    AMD Ryzen 3 2200GE, AMD Ryzen 3 1200 (65W), AMD Ryzen 5 3500C, 
011500    AMD Ryzen 3 3300U, Intel Core i3-8100T, Intel Core i5-8265U, Intel i5-10210U, CORE i5-10310U, 
010500    AMD Ryzen 3 2300U (FP5 25W 4c4t), Allwinner A527 (8 A55), Intel i5 4690K, 
010300    Intel Core i7-3630QM, Intel Core i5-6600T, Intel Core i5-4670K, 
010200    Intel Core i5-6440HQ, Intel Core i7-3610QM, Snapdragon SD865, 
010000    AMD FX-8320E (AM3+ 125W 8c8t), Intel Core i5-7500T, Intel Core i5-4690, Intel i5 4690T, 
009000    Spectrum Unisoc Tiger T7280 (T620), Cortex-X2, MediaTek Dimensity 1300 (4 A78, 4 A55), 
008700    AMD FX-6130 (AM3+ 90W 6c6t), Intel Core i5-7400T, Intel Core i5-4590T, 
008500    Intel Core i5-6500T, AMD Athlon 300GE (AM4, 35W), AMD Athlon Gold 7220U, 
008000    AMD Ryzen R1606G (FP5 15W), AMD FX-6300 (AM3 65W 6c6t), Intel Core i5-2500K, 
007500    AMD Ryzen 3 3200U, AMD Ryzen 3 3250U, Intel Alderlake ULX N100 / N95, 
007200    AMD Ryzen 3 2200U (FP5 25W 2c4t), Intel Core i3-7100T, Intel Twinlakes N150 N200, Xbox(TM) One S, 
007100    AMD Ryzen R1505G (FP5, 15W), RK3576 4 A72, 4 A53, Snapdragon XR2 Gen 1, Intel i7-6600U and 7600U, 
006600    Qualcomm Snapdragon 888 5G, AMD Athlon 300U (FP5 2c4t 15W), Intel Core i7-7500U, AMD V1202B, 
006500    Intel Core i7-6500U, AMD Athlon Gold 3150U, Intel Celeron N5105 (FCBGA1338 15W), SD 685, 
006300    Intel Core i3-8130U (15W), Intel Celeron N5095 (FCBGA1338 15W), Intel Core i3-6100T,
006100    Intel Core i5-6300U, Intel Core i5-7200U (2c4t), Intel i7-5500U, Intel Core i7-6600U (2c4t), 
006000    Intel Core i5-6200U (2c4t), Intel Core i3-7130U, Intel i7-4500U, Qualcomm Snapdragon 888 4G, 
005950    Intel Core i5-4570T, Intel Core i5-5257U, Rockchip RK3588 (4 A76, 4 A55), Snapdragon 7325, 


005900    Intel Xeon X5550, Intel Core i5-4300M, MediaTek Dimensity 1200 (4 A78, 4 A55), Unisoc 7255 (T616), 
005800    Intel Celeron J4125 J4105 (FCBGA1090 15W), Intel Core i5-3470T, AMD A8-6600K APU, AMD 3015E (2c4t), 
005600    Intel Core i5-3360M, Intel Core i7-3520M, Intel Core i5-4210M, Intel Pentium G4600T,
005400    MediaTek Dimensity 900 (2 A78, 6 A55), AMD Athlon Silver 7120U, Snapdragon 860, 
005300    AMD PRO A12-9800B 7th Gen APU (FP4 15W), AMD FX-4300 4c4t, AMD Ryzen R1305G, 
005250    Intel Core i5-3230M, AMD FX-7600P, Intel Pentium G4400, Unisoc T7200 (Unisoc T606 2 A76, 6 A55), 
005200    AMD PRO A10-8770E, AMD A10-9700E, AMD PRO A10-9700B (FP4 15W), Intel Core i3-4130T, BCM2712 Pi5, 
005100    AMD RX-427BB (FP3 15W), AMD A10-9620P, AMD A12-9720P, Intel Core i3-8145U, AMD A12-9830B, 
005050    AMD A8-5500 (FM2 65W), AMD A10 PRO-7800B APU, Intel Pentium Silver N5000, Intel Core i7-5500U, 
005000    Intel Core i5-5300U, Intel Core i5-3320M (2c4t), Intel Core i5-5350U, Unisoc T618 (2 A73 6 A53), 
004900    Intel Core i5-4300U, Intel Core i5-5200U, Intel Core i3-4100M, Snapdragon 662 (SM6115), 
004860    Intel Core i7-2620M, Intel Core i7-2640M, AMD Athlon Silver 3050U 3050e, Sony PS4, 
004650    Intel Core i5-2520M (2c4t), Intel Core i5-3210M, AMD A10-9600P (FP4 4c 15W), Pentium 4415U, 
004625    Intel Core i3-7100U (FCBGA1356 15W), ARM A76 RK3588S, AMD A10-6800B APU, Intel i3-7020U, 
004600    AMD PRO A8-9600B, AMD PRO A12-8830B, AMD PRO A10-8730B, AMD A12-9700P, Intel Core i3-6100U, 
004200    AMD A10-8700P A8-8600P, Intel Core i5-4200U, Intel Core i5-2540M, Intel i3-6006U, Intel i3-4150T, 
004000    Intel Core i5-2430M, AMD PRO A8-8600B, AMD 3020e, Mediatek MT6797 Helio X20, 
003850    Intel Core i5-2410M (2c4t), Intel Core i3-2120 (LGA1155 65W), Mediatek MT8786, 
003800    AMD A10-4600M APU, AMD A10 PRO-7350B APU, AMD A10-5750M APU, Rockchip RK3399, 
003600    AMD A8-6500T APU, AMD A8-7410 APU, AMD PRO A6-8550B, AMD A8-5550M (4c4t), 


003500    AMD GX-424CC SOC (FT3b 25W 4c4t), ARM A75 Unisoc Tiger T610 (Spreadtrum) (8c 5W), intel i5-5250u, 
003400    AMD A10-7300 APU, AMD A6-7310 APU, AMD A8-6410, AMD A10-5745M APU, Intel Core i3-4000M, 
003350    Intel Pentium G2020, Intel Core i3-3120M (G2 2c4t), AMD R-464L APU, Intel® Core m5-6Y57 (2c4t),
003300    AMD GX-420CA SOC (FT3 BGA769 25W), AMD A6-9500E, Intel Celeron N4200, AMD A6-5200 ( 25W 2c2t), 
003200    AMD A6-6310 APU, AMD A6-6400B APU, AMD A6-8570E, AMD A8-4500M APU, AMD A6-7400K APU, 
003000    AMD A8-7150B, AMD A9-9410, A9-9420, A9-9425, AMD A6-8500B (FP4 15W), AMD A8-7100, Intel 5010u,  
002900    AMD PRO A6-8530B, AMD A6-8500P, AMD A8-3500M APU, Intel Core i3-2120T, Intel i5-4250u, 
002700    AMD Embedded GX-420GI (FP4 15W), AMD PRO A6-9500B, AMD GX-415GA, AMD A4-6210 APU, Intel i3-5005U, 
002600    AMD A6-9225, AMD A8-4555M APU, AMD A4-5000 APU (FT3 15W), AMD A6-9220, AMD A6-3420M APU,  
002450    Intel Celeron 2950M, Intel Pentium N3700, Intel Core i3-2350M, Allwinner A523 (8 A55), BCM2711 Pi4, 
002400    Intel Celeron N3150, Intel Core i3-2330M, Intel Xeon W3505, AMD A6-9210, Allwinner H618 (4 A53), 
002300    Intel Celeron N3350, AMD A4-9120, AMD A4-9125, Intel Core i3-2310M, Intel Celeron 3865U, 
002200    AMD A9-9420e, AMD A6-5350M APU, AMD E2-6110 APU, AMD E2-9000e, Celeron N4500, Intel N3710, 
002000    AMD GX-412HC, AMD A4-4300M APU, AMD A6 PRO-7050B APU, AMD A6-4400M APU, AMD A6-7000, 
001925    Intel Core2 Duo E6700, Intel Pentium Extreme Edition 965, Intel Core i3-370M, Celeron N4020, 
001750    Intel Core i3-2365M 2375M, AMD A4-9120C, Intel Core2 Duo T8300, Qualcomm MSM8939, 
001600    AMD GX-222GC (BGA769 FT3b 15W), AMD A4-9120e, AMD Embedded GX-215JJ, AMD A4-4355M APU,
001550    Intel Core2 Duo SL9400 T7600 T6600, AMD E2-3200, AMD A6-9220e, Mediatek MT8783, AMD E2-3800, 
001520    Intel Celeron N4000, 


001500    AMD GX-218GL SOC, AMD A6-4455M, AMD A4-5150M APU, ARM A55 RK3566 (4c 3W), Intel Core2 Duo T8100, 
001400    AMD GX-217GA SOC, ARM Cortex-A53 4c4t H700, AMD A4-3300M APU, Allwinner A133P A64 (4 A53), 
001300    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-64 TL-62, Intel Core2 Duo T7300, Intel Core2 Duo T5600, AMD RX-216TD, 
001250    AMD GX-412TC SOC, AMD A4-3320M APU, AMD Athlon 64 X2 QL-66, Intel Core2 Duo T7200, BCM2837 Pi3, 
001200    AMD Athlon 64 X2 2c TK-57,  AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-60 RM-74, AMD E1-2500, AMD E2-7015, 
001150    Intel Core2 Duo T5550, Intel Core2 Duo L7500, AMD E2-3000M APU, ARM A35 RK3266, AMD E2-7110, 
001100    Intel Core2 Duo T5300, AMD Athlon 64 X2 3800, Intel Core2 Duo E4300, Mediatek MT8127, 
001050    AMD E1-6010 APU, Intel Pentium T4300, Intel Celeron N2840, 
001050    AMD Athlon 64 FX-57, AMD Athlon 64 X2 Dual-Core TK-55, AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-52
001000    Intel Core2 Duo T5500, Intel Core2 Duo L7300, Intel Core2 Duo SU9400, Intel Celeron 3215U,  
000950    AMD G-T56N, AMD Athlon 64 3100+, AMD E2-2000 APU, QorIQ T1042 quad-core,  
000950    AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-50, AMD E1-2200 APU, Intel Celeron U3400,     
000925    AMD TurionX2 Dual Core Mobile RM-72, AMD Sempron 140
000920    Intel Celeron SU2300, Intel Core2 Duo T5200, AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-56
000890    AMD E2-1800 APU, AMD Turion 64 X2 Mobile TL-58
000880    AMD G-T56E, AMD G-T48E, 
000860    AMD E-450 APU, AMD E-350 APU, AMD Athlon LE-1620     
000820    AMD A4-1250 APU, AMD Athlon LE-1600, 
000810    AMD E1-2100 APU, Intel Core Duo T2500, 
000810    Intel Atom D510, Intel Core2 Duo U7500, 
000800    AMD Geode NX 2400+, AMD Turion 64 Mobile ML-42, AMD Athlon II Neo K325, 
000760    AMD V140, AMD E1-1200 APU, AMD Athlon 64 3300+, 
000730    Intel Core Duo T2400, AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-38, AMD Sempron 3600+,  
000700    Intel Core2 Duo U7600 U7700, AMD Sempron LE-1200, AMD V120 
000680    AMD GX-212JC SOC, AMD E-300 APU, AMD A4-1200 APU, BCM2386 Pi2B, 


000670    AMD Turion 64 Mobile MK-36 ML-37 ML-40, Mobile AMD Sempron 3800+
000640    Intel Atom N2600, Intel Atom N570, Mobile AMD Athlon 64 3200+
000640    Intel Core Duo T2300, Intel Core Duo T2050,     
000630    VIA Eden X2 U4200, AMD Sempron LE-1100, AMD Sempron 3100+ 3600+, 
000620    AMD C-70 C70 APU, Intel Atom 330, AMD G-T40N, AMD Athlon Neo MV-40, 
000610    Intel Core2 Duo U7300, AMD Athlon II Neo K125 K145,    
000600    Intel Atom N550, Intel Pentium 4, AMD Athlon 64 2800+,   
000580    AMD C-60 C60, AMD G-T40E, AMD Sempron LE-1250
000530    AMD C-50 C50, Intel Celeron M 723, AMD Sempron 210U, 
000490    AMD GX-210JA SOC, PowerPC 970 G5 IBM's 970 server CPU (2c), QorIQ T1022
000470    Mobile AMD Sempron 3500+, Mobile AMD Athlon XP-M 2200+, 
000460    AMD Athlon XP 2500+, AMD Sempron 3500+, Mobile Intel Pentium 4, 
000440    Intel Atom D425, Intel Atom N470, POWER 4 PPC, 
000410    Intel Pentium M, Intel Celeron M, AMD Sempron 2300+
000400    Intel Atom N450, AMD Sempron 2400+, 
000340    Intel Atom D410, AMD G-T52R, AMD C-30, AMD Sempron 2200+ 
000330    Intel Atom N455, Intel Atom N280, Intel Atom N270 (1c1t 2W), Intel P3, 
000320    Freescale NXP QorIQ P1022 
000310    PowerPC G4 7447 1Ghz (1c1t 15W), PPC440 core, 
000230    PowerPC PPC G3/PPC 750, PS3 Cell 1c PPE, 
000160    Pentium II, Motorola 68060 
000110    Pentium, MIPS R4000
000080    Intel 80486, Motorola 68030, 
000040    Intel 80386, 
000030    Motorola 68020
000008    Motorola 68000 
&lt;/pre&gt;


=== Recommended hardware (32-bit) ===

[[#top|...to the top]]

Recommended hardware is hardware that has been tested with latest release of AROS and is relatively easy to purchase second hand (ie. ebay). This hardware also comes with commitment that compatibility will be maintained with each future release.

If in future decision will be made to drop any of the recommended hardware from the list (for example due to it no longer being available for purchase), such hardware will move to list of legacy supported systems and will have an indicated end of life date so that users have time to switch to other hardware.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
| &lt;!--OK--&gt;{{Yes|'''Works well'''}} || &lt;!--Not working--&gt;{{No|'''Does not work'''}} || &lt;!--Not applicable--&gt;{{N/A|'''N/A not applicable'''}}
|-
|}

==== Virtual Hardware ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| VirtualBox 7.x (Other/Unknown template) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|PCNET32&lt;br/&gt;E1000}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| VMware 16+ (Other32 template) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|SB128}} || {{Yes|PCNET32}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| QEMU 8.x (&quot;pc&quot; and &quot;q35&quot; machines) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|SB128}} || {{Yes|PCNET32}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
|}

==== Laptops ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ACER Aspire One ZG5 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || {{Yes|ATHEROS}}  || NOT APPLICABLE || &lt;!--Comments--&gt;
|-
| Dell Latitude D520 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|BCM4400}} || {{No|}}  || {{Yes|Atheros AR5BXB63}} || * select Intel Core 2 64-bit version, not Celeron 32-bit version &lt;br/&gt; * replace WiFi card to get wireless working
|-
|}

==== Desktop Systems ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| Fujitsu Futro S720 || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE || NOT APPLICABLE || * no 2D/3D acceleration&lt;br/&gt; * use USB ports at back
|-
|}

==== Motherboards ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ASUS P8Z68V LX || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770T UD3/UD3P || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
| ASUS M2N68-AM SE2 || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|NVIDIA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|NVNET}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * connecting a disk via SATA connector is not supported at this time &lt;br/&gt; * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-H55M-S2H || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || * add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
|}

==== Legacy supported hardware ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;10%&quot; |EOL
! width=&quot;35%&quot; |Comments
|-
| iMica || {{Yes|IDE}} || {{Yes|GMA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || 2026-12-31 || 
|-
| Gigabyte GA-MA770 UD3 || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(IDE)}} || NOT APPLICABLE || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce 8xxx/9xxx}} || 2026-12-31 || * requires external PCIe video card
|-
|}

=== Recommended hardware (64-bit) ===

[[#top|...to the top]]

Recommended hardware is hardware that has been tested with latest release of AROS and is relatively easy to purchase second hand (ie. ebay). This hardware also comes with commitment that compatibility will be maintained with each future release.

==== Virtual Hardware ====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| VirtualBox 7.x (Other/Unknown (64-bit) template) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}} || {{Yes|PCNET32&lt;br/&gt;E1000}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || * No accelerated 3D support
|-
| VMware 16+ (Other64 template) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|SB128}} || {{Yes|E1000}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || * No accelerated 3D support
|-
| QEMU 8.x (&quot;pc&quot; and &quot;q35&quot; machines) || {{Yes|IDE&lt;br/&gt;SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VMWARESVGA}} || {{Yes|SB128}} || {{Yes|PCNET32}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || NOT APPLICABLE || * No accelerated 3D support
|-
|}

==== Motherboards ====

AROS 64-bit will work on most of [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGA_1155 LGA 1155] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGA_1150 LGA 1150] boards. It will also work with newer hardware - see complete HCL list above.

Boards below are '''certified'''. If you can't get the exact board, try a variant of that board with the same chipset.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
! width=&quot;20%&quot; |Name 
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Storage
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Gfx
! width=&quot;5%&quot;  |Audio
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Ethernet
! width=&quot;5%&quot; |Wireless 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Additional hardware
! width=&quot;45%&quot; |Comments
|-
| ASUS P8Z68V LX&lt;br&gt;ASUS P8Z68-M PRO || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} || NOT APPLICABLE  || {{Yes|GeForce GTX 7xx/9xx}} || * add external PCIe video card for better performance 
|-
| ASUS H81M-K || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} 
|NOT APPLICABLE|| {{Yes|GeForce GTX 7xx/9xx}} 
|* add external PCIe video card for better performance
|-
| Gigabyte GA-H81M-S2V || {{Yes|SATA(AHCI)}} || {{Yes|VESA}} || {{Yes|HDAudio}}|| {{Yes|RTL8169}} 
|NOT APPLICABLE|| {{Yes|GeForce GTX 7xx/9xx}} 
|* add external PCIe video card for better performance
|}

==References==

[[#top|...to the top]]

{{reflist}}
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>33bxhw6aqcnzr8x8i68evpa1t74pq9s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Aros/User/Applications</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>237399</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679058</id>
      <parentid>4678694</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:22:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679058</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="244340" sha1="brz4nrgcgp9mviqdgqhqzor4gnmmo0e" xml:space="preserve">
==Introduction==


[[#Graphical Image Editing Art]]
[[#Office Application]]
[[#Audio]]

[[#Misc Application]]
[[#Games &amp; Emulation]]

[[#Application Guides]]

[[#top|...to the top]]


[[#top|...to the top]]

Most apps can be opened on the Workbench (aka publicscreen pubscreen) which is the default display option but can offer a custom one set to your configurations (aka custom screen mode promotion). These custom ones tend to stack so the possible use of A-M/A-N method of switching between full screens and the ability to pull down screens as well 

If you are interested in creating or porting new software, see [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Aros/Developer/Docs here]

{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Internet Applications 
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1 (68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Web Online Browser [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser Amelinium], Odyssey 2.0, [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1175&amp;highlight=odyssey&amp;rowstart=100 Odyssey 3.0], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://juen.in/ Amelinium], [https://blog.alb42.de/programs/amifox/ amifox] with [https://github.com/alb42/wrp wrp server], IBrowse*, [https://github.com/zapek/Voyager Voyager], [https://github.com/reinauer/Voyager Voyager fork GCC] [https://github.com/amigazen/aweb3/ AWeb 3.6 src], [https://github.com/matjam/aweb AWeb Src], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/www/NetSurf-m68k-sources Netsurf], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[ Odyssey OWB], [ Timberwolf (Firefox port 2011)], [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?forum=32&amp;topic_id=32847 OWB-mui], [http://strohmayer.org/owb/ OWB-Reaction], IBrowse*, [http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=network/browser/aweb.lha AWeb], Voyager, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser Netsurf], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Wayfarer, [http://fabportnawak.free.fr/owb/ Odyssey OWB], [ Netsurf], IBrowse*, AWeb, [], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Downloading videos and/or audio [https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp yt-dlp], [https://clipgrab.org/ clipgrab],  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], [ smtube], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], getVideo, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ ytsearch], [https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], [ getVideo], Tubexx 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;E-mailing SMTP POP3 IMAP based 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Emailinium, [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/email SimpleMail], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/simplemail/files/ src], [https://github.com/jens-maus/yam YAM] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Emailinium, [http://sourceforge.net/projects/simplemail/files/ SimpleMail], [https://github.com/jens-maus/yam YAM]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SimpleMail, YAM, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt; SimpleMail, YAM, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Internet Chat IRC, ICB, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat WookieChat], [https://sourceforge.net/projects/wookiechat/ Wookiechat src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat AiRcOS], Jabberwocky, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/charabaruk/WookieChat Wookiechat], AmIRC 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Wookiechat 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Wookiechat], [ AmIRC], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Instant Messaging IM like [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/amidon Hollywood lang based Mastodon client], BlueSky AT protocol, Facebook(TM), Twitter X (TM), Bitlbee IRC Gateway and others 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/kaffeine1/telegram-amiga telegram-amiga], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat jabberwocky], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], CLIMM, SabreMSN, [https://sourceforge.net/projects/ajabberwocky/ jabberwocky], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], SabreMSN,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 PolyglotNG], SabreMSN,
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Torrents 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/p2p ArTorr], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;CTorrent, Transmission 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MLDonkey, Beehive, [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Transmission], CTorrent, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;FTP 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], MarranoFTP, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/wput-0.3.4c.i386-aros wput i386 c src]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiFTP AmiFTP], AmiTradeCenter, ncFTP, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/sana2-tftpclient sana2 tftpclient c src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Pftp], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiFTP-1.935-OS4 AmiFTP], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;WYSIWYG Web Site Editor
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Internet Radio Streaming Audio [http://www.gnu.org/software/gnump3d/ gnump3d], [http://www.icecast.org/ Icecast2] Server (Broadcast) and Client (Listen), [ mpd], [http://darkice.sourceforge.net/ DarkIce], [http://www.dyne.org/software/muse/ Muse], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc], Mplayer (Icecast Client only), 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/sandlbn/TuneFinder TuneFinder C Src], [https://github.com/sandlbn/TuneFinderMUI TuneFinderMUI], [http://amigazeux.net/anr/ AmiNetRadio], [https://github.com/boingball/MintAMP MintAMP], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.tunenet.co.uk/ Tunenet], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Mplayer, AmiNetRadio, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VoIP (Voice over IP) with SIP Client (Session Initiation Protocol) or Asterisk IAX2 Clients Softphone (skype like) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiPhone with Speak Freely, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Weather Forecast 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ WeatherBar], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench AWeather], []
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://amigazeux.net/wetter/ Wetter], [https://github.com/emartisoft/AmiWeatherForecasts AmiWeatherForecasts src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=utility/workbench/flipclock.lha FlipClock], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://amigazeux.net/wetter/ Wetter], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Street Road Maps Route Planning GPS Tracking  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/muimapparium/ MuiMapparium] [https://build.alb42.de/ Build of MuiMapp versions], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiAtlas*, UKRoutePlus*, [http://blog.alb42.de/ AmOSM], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://blog.alb42.de/programs/mapparium/ Mapparium], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Clock and Date setting from the internet by network time protocol (NTP) [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/ World Clock], [http://www.time.gov/ old standard NIST Internet Time Servers], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/bohunamiga/PiNTP PiNTP], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=utility/workbench/amitimekeeper.i386-aros.lha amitimekeeper with c src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/misc ntpsync], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;ntpsync, [http://aminet.net/package/util/cdity/AmiTimeKeeper amitimekeeper], [http://aminet.net/comm/misc/netclock netclock], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/net/sntp sntp], [http://aminet.net/package/util/time/ScreenTime ScreenTime], [https://github.com/reinauer/SyncTime SyncTime], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Newsgroups
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://newscoaster.sourceforge.net/ Newscoaster], [https://github.com/jens-maus/newsrog NewsRog], [ WorldNews], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;RSS 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/Team-Boingo/AmiRSS AmiRSS src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;AI
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/murinsel/AmigaAI Claude], [https://github.com/geekychris/amiga_mcp AI on host machine], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;BBS
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Graphical Image Editing Art==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Image Editing
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Pixel Raster Artwork [https://github.com/LibreSprite/LibreSprite LibreSprite based on GPL aseprite], [https://github.com/abetusk/hsvhero hsvhero], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ZunePaint/ ZunePaint], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit LunaPaint], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit GrafX2], [ LodePaint needs OpenGL], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.amigaforever.com/classic/download.html PPaint], GrafX2, [https://github.com/grovdata/Amiga_Sources/blob/master/software.md DeluxePaint], [http://www.amiforce.de/perfectpaint/perfectpaint.php PerfectPaint], Zoetrope, Brilliance2*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit LodePaint], GrafX2, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Sketch, Pixel*, GrafX2, [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 LunaPaint]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Image viewing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ ZuneView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer LookHere], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer LoView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer PicShow] , [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;PicShow, PicView, Photoalbum,
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;WarpView, PicShow, flPhoto, Thumbs, [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 ShowGirls], [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Photography retouching / Image Manipulation like Photoshop(tm)  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ PhotoCraft], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit RNOEffects], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Tecsoft Video Paint aka TVPaint], Photogenics*, ArtEffect*, ImageFX*, XiPaint, fxPaint, ImageMasterRT, Opalpaint, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;WarpView, flPhoto, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit Photocrop]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 ShowGirls], ImageFX*, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Manage RAW picture folder galleries like Darktable, RAWtherapy, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; [ LightCraft], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Graphic Format Converter - ICC profile support sRGB, Adobe RGB, XYZ and linear RGB 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;GraphicsConverter, ImageStudio, [http://www.coplabs.org/artpro.html ArtPro]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Thumbnail Generator [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ ZuneView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/shell Thumbnail Generator]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Icon Editor
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/iconedit Archives], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench Icon Toolbox], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/iconedit IconEditor]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D Pixel Art Animation 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Lunapaint
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;PPaint, AnimatED, Scala*, GoldDisk MovieSetter*, Walt Disney's Animation Studio*, ProDAD*, [https://github.com/historicalsource/DeluxePaint DeluxePaint src], Brilliance
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 Titler] 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D SVG based MovieSetter type [https://github.com/Flare-Animate/Flare Flare Animate] 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MovieSetter*, Fantavision*
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Morphing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ GLMorph]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D Cad (qcad-&gt;LibreCAD, etc.) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Xcad, MaxonCAD
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Cad like FreeCad, BRL-CAD, OpenSCAD, AvoCADo, [ cadcraft], [https://github.com/tangency-labs/solidcraft solidcraft], [https://github.com/ingelibre/ingetrazo ingetrazo] etc. using dxf, obj (vertices), blend, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;XCad3d*, DynaCADD*, [https://aminet.net/package/gfx/3d/Cycas178_EN Cycas]*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Model Rendering of glft (json) gbl (png jpg), usdz (USD files with materials, textures, and animations), FBX Filmbox is a proprietary Autodesk format, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;POV-Ray
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.discreetfx.com./amigaproducts.html CINEMA 4D]*, POV-Ray, [https://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?t=123609 Lightwave3D RTG]*, Real3D*, Caligari24*, Reflections/Monzoom*, [https://github.com/privatosan/RayStorm Raystorm src], Tornado 3D, [https://github.com/AlphaPixel/Eric-Graham-1987-Juggler-Raytracer-1.0 Eric-Graham-1987-Juggler-Raytracer-1.0]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Blender, POV-Ray, Yafray
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Blender, POV-Ray, Yafray
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Format Converter [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/convert/ 3doc.i386-aros], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/convert/ivcon.lha IVCon]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen grabbing display 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Screengrabber], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/misc snapit], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/record screen recorder], []
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Grab graphics music from apps [https://github.com/Malvineous/ripper6 ripper6], [],
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Manage metadata of images [https://github.com/exiv2/exiv2 exiv2], [ EXIF/IPTC/XMP metadata manipulation], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Office Application==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Office
!width:10%;|AROS (x86)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiga_software Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1] (68k)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmigaOS_4 Hyperion OS4] (PPC)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MorphOS MorphOS] (PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Office Suite 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Softwood Final Office], [ Wordworth Office], [ Digita Office],  [ The Works!], [ Europress Mini Office], [], [ Papyrus Office Demo], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Word-processing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ WordCraft], [https://finalwriter.godaddysites.com/ Final Writer 7*], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1995&amp;rowstart=20&amp;pid=12668#post_12668 Slovo], [https://github.com/sodero/MUI-Vim/releases MUI-Vim], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/wordprocessing Cinnamon Writer], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[ Softwood FinalCopy II*], Haage AmigaWriter*, Digita WordWorth*, Softwood FinalWriter*, Micro-Systems Excellence 3*, Arnor Protext, Rashumon, [ InterWord], [ KindWords], [WordPerfect], [ New Horizons Flow], [ CygnusEd Pro], [ Micro-systems Scribble], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AbiWord, [ CinnamonWriter], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ Cinnamon Writer], [http://www.meta-morphos.org/viewtopic.php?topic=1246&amp;forum=53 scriba], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/index.php Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Spreadsheets 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ GridCraft], [https://blog.alb42.de/programs/leu/ Leu], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/spreadsheet ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/biz/spread/ignition-src Ignition Src 1.3], [MaxiPlan 500 Plus], [OXXI Plan/IT v2.0 Speadsheet], [ Superplan], [ Creative Developments TurboCalc], [ ProCalc], [ InterSpread], [Digita DGCalc], [ Gold Disk Advantage], [ Micro-systems Analyze!]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Gnumeric, [https://ignition-amiga.sourceforge.net/ Ignition], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ ignition], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Presentations
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ DeckCraft], [http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, [https://github.com/evaneykelen/mediapoint-amiga MediaPoint C and asm], PointRider, Scala*, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS4--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, PointRider 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, PointRider
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Databases 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/database BeeBase], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Precision Superbase 4 Pro*, Arnor Prodata*, [https://sourceforge.net/projects/beebase/ BeeBase], Datastore, FinalData*, AmigaBase, Fiasco, Twist2*, [Digita DGBase], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;BeeBase, SQLite, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=6 BeeBase], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PDF Viewing, editing and digital signatures 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-foliopdf folio version of mupdf], [ PDFCraft], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/arospdf/ ArosPDF via splash xpdf], [https://github.com/wattoc/AROS-vpdf vpdf], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;APDF 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AmiPDF 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;APDF, vPDF, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Note Taking markdown support like Obsidian like, joplin, OneNote, EverNotes, xournalpp, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/text/edit/Kickdown c src with reaction gui], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Study and analyse, collect, organize, annotate, cite, and share
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PIM Personal Information Manager - Day Diary Planner Calendar App Filofax like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Digita Organiser*, On The Ball, Everyday Organiser, [ Contact Manager], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AOrganiser, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://polymere.free.fr/orga_en.html PolyOrga], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Accounting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/misc ETB], LoanCalc, [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|[ Digita Home Accounts2], Accountant, Small Business Accounts, Account Master, [ Amigabok], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Project Management Research 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SuperGantt, SuperPlan, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Desktop 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus5, Wanderer, Scalos, Workbook, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://github.com/zapek/Ambient Ambient Src]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Wide Search 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool Finder], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Wide Dictionary - multilingual [http://sourceforge.net/projects/babiloo/ Babiloo], [http://code.google.com/p/stardict-3/ StarDict], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ],  
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System wide Thesaurus - multi lingual
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], 
|Kuma K-Roget*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Sticky Desktop Notes (post it type) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/util/wb/amimemos.i386-aros AmiMemos], [https://aminet.net/package/util/wb/amimemos.src-aros AmiMemos Src], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/util/wb/StickIt-2.00 StickIt v2], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;DTP Desktop Publishing [ DesignCraft], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit RNOPublisher], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]*, Professional Pro Page*, Saxon Publisher, Pagesetter, PenPal, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]* 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]* 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Printing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Postscript 3 laser printers, [https://github.com/bohunamiga/MintPRINT MintPRINT AirPrint IPP], [ Ghostscript], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/boingball/MintPRINT MintPRINT IPP], [https://github.com/Andiweli/AmiAirprint AmiAirprint], [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_what.htm TurboPrint]*, [ GutenPrint], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/NetPrinter NetPrinter LPR], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;(some native drivers), 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;early TurboPrint included, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/NetPrinter NetPrinter LPR], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Scanning 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ SCANdal], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;FxScan*, ScanQuix*, [https://github.com/boingball/MintSCAN MintSCAN], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SCANdal (Sane)
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SCANdal
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;OCR
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/convert gOCR] 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos-files.net/categories/office/text Tesseract] 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Text Editing
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Jano Editor (already installed as Editor), [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit EdiSyn], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit Annotate], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit Vim], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit FrexxEd] [https://github.com/vidarh/FrexxEd src], [ NoWinEd], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/text/edit/TurboText20 TurboText20 ttx], Annotate, MicroGoldED/CubicIDE*, CygnusED*, Protext*, NoWinED, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Notepad, Annotate, CygnusED*, NoWinED, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MorphOS ED, NoWinED, GoldED/CubicIDE*, CygnusED*, Annotate, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Office Fonts [http://sourceforge.net/projects/fontforge/files/fontforge-source/ Font Designer] 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;TypeSmith*, SaxonScript (GetFont Adobe Type 1), 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Drawing Vector
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/amifig/ ZuneFIG previously AmiFIG], [https://github.com/serk118/designworks-aros designworks aros 64bit]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Drawstudio*, ProVector*, ArtExpression*, Professional Draw*, AmiFIG, MetaView, [https://gitlab.com/amigasourcecodepreservation/designworks Design Works Src], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;MindSpace, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit amifig], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SteamDraw, [http://aminet.net/package/gfx/edit/amifig amiFIG], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;video conferencing (jitsi) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;source code hosting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Gitlab, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Remote Desktop (server)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/VNC_Server ArosVNCServer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://s.guillard.free.fr/AmiVNC/AmiVNC.htm AmiVNC], [http://dspach.free.fr/amiga/avnc/index.html AVNC]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://s.guillard.free.fr/AmiVNC/AmiVNC.htm AmiVNC] 
|MorphVNC, vncserver
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Remote Desktop (client) login and connect to another machine 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/VNC_Client/ ArosVNC], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/misc rdesktop], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://dspach.free.fr/amiga/vva/index.html VVA], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;notifications 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Ranchero 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Ringhio 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MagicBeacon 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Biometric facial logins and fingerprint security features 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Bebbossh, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fido U2F (Universal 2nd Factor) and later FIDO2 (W3C WebAuthn with CTAP2) key authorization like Yubico YubiKey, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Audio==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Audio
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing playback Audio like MP3, [https://github.com/chrg127/gmplayer NSF], [https://github.com/kode54/lazyusf miniusf .usflib] [https://gitlab.com/kode54/psflib with pfslib], [], [], etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/play Mplayer], [ HarmonyPlayer hp], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/audio/index.xhtml playcdda] CDs, [ WildMidi Player], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ UADE mod player], [], [ RNOTunes], [ mp3Player], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiNetRadio, AmigaAmp, playOGG, [https://codeberg.org/tygre/amimodradio amimodradio]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;TuneNet, SimplePlay, AmigaAmp, TKPlayer
|AmiNetRadio, Mplayer, Kaya, AmigaAmp
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Audio 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Audio Evolution 4] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/hd-rec/ HD-Rec Src], [http://www.sonicpulse.de/eng/news.html SoundFX], [ Samplitude], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/hd-rec/ HD-Rec], AmiSoundED, [http://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/audioevolution4.lha Audio Evolution 4] 
|[http://www.hd-rec.de/HD-Rec/index.php?site=home HD-Rec], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Tracker Music
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/hitchhikr/protrekkr Protrekkr], [ Schism Tracker], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/tracker MilkyTracker], [http://www.hivelytracker.com/ HivelyTracker], [ Radium in AROS already],  [http://www.a500.org/downloads/development/index.xhtml libMikMod], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MilkyTracker, HivelyTracker, DigiBooster, Octamed SoundStudio, [https://github.com/elindstrom/soundtracker soundtracker], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;MilkyTracker, HivelyTracker, GoatTracker
|MilkyTracker, GoatTracker, DigiBooster, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Music [], [https://github.com/kmatheussen/camd CAMD] and/or staves and musical notes on manuscript [https://github.com/ratchov/midish midish] midi sequencer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars and Pipes], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars'n'Pipes], MusicX* David &quot;Talin&quot; Joiner &amp; Craig Weeks (for Notator-X), Deluxe Music Construction Set DMCS2*, [https://github.com/timoinutilis/midi-sequencer-amigaos Horny c Src] [https://github.com/kas1e/midi-sequencer-amigaos/tree/master/HornyGCC HornyGCC OS4 src] [https://github.com/capehill/midi-sequencer-amigaos Horny OS4 fork src] [https://www.amigans.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=8143&amp;order=ASC&amp;status=&amp;mode=0 OS4 thread], HD-Rec, [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/dominatorV1_51 Dominator], [https://github.com/royaltm/Amiga-midiIn Amiga-midiIn], [ Aegis Sonix 2.0]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/p/hd-rec/code/HEAD/tree/ HD-Rec Src], Rockbeat, [http://bnp.hansfaust.de/download.html Bars'n'Pipes], [https://github.com/gooofy/freeaction Horny OS4 src fork], Audio Evolution 4, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Bars'n'Pipes, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Sound Sampling 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Advanced AHI Recorder all], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/record Audio Evolution 4], [http://www.imica.net/SitePortalPage.aspx?siteid=1&amp;did=162 Quick Record], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc SOX to get AIFF 16bit files], [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/tree/master/workbench/tools/AHIRecord AHIRecord], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/mus/edit/AudioEvolution3_src Audio Evolution 3 c src], [ Samplitude]*, Audiomaster IV*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://github.com/timoinutilis/phonolith-amigaos phonolith c src], HD-Rec, Audio Evolution 4,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/p/hd-rec/code/HEAD/tree/ HD-Rec Src], Audio Evolution 4,
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Audio Processing like easyeffects so having limiter, compressor, convolver, equalizer and auto volume and many other plugins 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Live Looping or Audio Misc - Groovebox like
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CD/DVD burn
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility IsoTools], [https://code.google.com/p/amiga-fryingpan/ FryingPan], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;FryingPan, [ MakeCD], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;FryingPan, AmiDVD, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/printthread.php?t=58736 FryingPan], Jalopeano, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CD/DVD audio rip
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Lame, [http://www.imica.net/SitePortalPage.aspx?siteid=1&amp;cfid=0&amp;did=167 Quick CDrip],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Lame,  
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Lame, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Lame,  
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;MP3 v1 and v2 Tagger
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;id3ren (v1), [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/edit mp3info], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Audio Convert
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc Sox], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/mus/misc/SoundBox SoundBox], [http://aminet.net/package/mus/misc/SoundBoxKey SoundBox Key], [http://aminet.net/package/mus/edit/SampleE SampleE], sox 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;DJ mixing jamming 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/djh0ffman/PT1210 Hoffman PT1210 DJ tracker], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Radio Automation Software [http://www.rivendellaudio.org/ Rivendell], [http://code.campware.org/projects/livesupport/report/3 Campware LiveSupport], [http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/ SourceFabric AirTime], [http://www.ohloh.net/p/mediabox404 MediaBox404], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speakers Audio Sonos Mains AC networked wired controlled 
*2005 ZP100 with ZP80 
*2008 Zoneplayer ZP120 (multi-room wireless amp)  ZP90 receiver only with CR100 controller, 
*2009 ZonePlayer S5, 
*2010 BR100 wireless Bridge (no support),   
*2011 Play:3
*2013 Bridge (no support), Play:1,  
*2016 Arc,   Play:1,   
*Beam (Gen 2),   Playbar,  Ray,   Era 100,   Era 300,   Roam,   Move 2,   
*Sub (Gen 3),   Sub Mini,  Five,  Amp  S2 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;SonosController 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SonosController
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SonosController
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SonosController
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Smart Speakers 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Video Creativity and Production==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Video
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing Video 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/play Mplayer], [ VAMP], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/video/index.xhtml CDXL player], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/video/index.xhtml IffAnimPlay], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Frogger*, AMP2, MPlayer, RiVA*, MooViD*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;DvPlayer, MPlayer 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MPlayer, Frogger, AMP2, VLC 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Streaming Video and game streaming like OBS studio, Parsec, [https://github.com/lizardbyte/sunshine sunshine], [https://github.com/moonlight-stream/moonlight-qt moonlight], etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing DVD 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://a-mc.biz/ AMC]*, Mplayer 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AMP2, Frogger 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://a-mc.biz/ AMC]*, DvPlayer*, AMP2,  
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Mplayer 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Recording
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/record Screenrecorder], [ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Screenrecorder, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Create Edit Individual Video [https://github.com/storytold/filmcraft filmcraft]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Mencoder], [ Quick Videos], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit AVIbuild], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/misc FrameBuild], FFMPEG, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ MainConcept Mainactor Broadcast*], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Toaster Video Toaster*] with [https://discreetfx.com/openvideotoaster.html some c src], MacroSystem MovieShop 4.3*, proDAD Adorage*, [ IOSpirit VHI studio]*, [Gold Disk ShowMaker], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;FFMpeg/GUI 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Blender, Mencoder, FFmpeg
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Subtitle editor 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/text/edit/Slarti_Arosx86ABIv0 Slarti_Arosx86ABIv0], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;IP-based video production workflows with High Dynamic Range (HDR), 10-bit color collaborative NDI, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Blogging like Lemmy or kbin
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR face recognition for Vtubers 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR chatting Live2D models with Cubism type editor or [https://github.com/AyagamiDev/ayagami ayagami] like with zipped moc3 with model metadata (model3, cdi3) 
&lt;pre&gt;
Model data (cmo3)
Basic motions (can3)
Background image (png)
Set of files for embedding (runtime folder)
• Model data (moc3)
• Motion data (motion3.json)
• Model settings file (model3.json)
• Physics settings file (physics3.json)
• Display auxiliary file (cdi3.json)
&lt;/pre&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR chatting chatters .VRML models - standardized 3D file format for VR avatars 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;V-tubers V-tubing like Vseeface with Openseeface tracker or Vpuppr (virtual puppet project) for online live 2d / 3d art models rigging rigged LIV 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]


==Misc Application==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1 (68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;File Management 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 DOpus Magellan aka DOpus 5], [ Scalos], [ FileMaster], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;DOpus2, DOpus 4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], ClassAction, FileMaster, DirWork 2*, [https://github.com/RudolphRiedel/DiskMaster2 DiskMaster2 src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], Filer, AmiDisk 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Package Application Installer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak?tab=repositories Pkg manager], [https://aros-pkg.azurewebsites.net/search?arch=x86_64 Pkg], [ InstallerNG], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;InstallerNG, Grunch, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Jack
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Jack 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Compression archiver [https://github.com/FS-make-simple/paq9a paq9a], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;XAD system is a toolkit designed for handling various file and disk archiver
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/util/pack/decrunchmania_os4 Crunchmania CrM2 depacker], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Binary Hexadecimal Editor 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit Zaphod], [],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Filesystem Partition Editor formatter Disk Management
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1440&amp;highlight=partition&amp;pid=8821#post_8821 QuickPart], [ HDToolBox]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/stefanskotte/hdpart hdpart], [https://github.com/ChuckyGang/AmiPart AmiPart], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Filesystem Repair and backups 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;ArSFSDoctor, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/disk/bakup/quarterback_src Quarterback Tools C and asm src], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Disk check, integrity and history [https://github.com/smartmontools/smartmontools smart tools], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;File Verification / Repair 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility md5sum], [https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool asum], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool workpar2] (PAR2),  [http://zakalwe.fi/~shd/foss/cksfv/files/ compile cksfv from website], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Par2, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Multiple File renaming
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus 4 or 5, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Anti Virus
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;VChecker, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Random Wallpaper Desktop changer [ DOpus5], [ Scalos],  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Alarm Clock, Timer, Stopwatch, Countdown 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench DClock], [http://aminet.net/util/time/AlarmClockAROS.lha AlarmClock], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Edge snap window tool 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/kaffeine1/edgesnap edgesnap]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}


==Misc Application 2==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;C/C++ IDE Integrated Development 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/aidea/ AIDEa], [ Murks], [],  
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://devplex.awardspace.biz/cubic/index.html Cubic IDE]*, [ StormC], [https://github.com/jens-maus/amide amide], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;CodeBench , [https://gitlab.com/boemann/codecraft CodeCraft], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://devplex.awardspace.biz/cubic/index.html Cubic IDE]*, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;C/C++ Text Editors 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit FrexxEd], [https://github.com/vidarh/FrexxEd FrexxEd src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit Annotate] with [https://www.onyxsoft.se/files/annotate_src.lha src], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Protext], [ CED], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://www.onyxsoft.se/annotate.html Annotate], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Repository
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Git]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Git
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;BASIC Computer Language 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/language Basic4SDL], [ Ace Basic], [ X-AMOS], [SDLBasic], [ Alvyn], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.amiforce.de/main.php Amiblitz 3] with [https://github.com/AmiBlitz/AmiBlitz3 Asm src], [http://amos.condor.serverpro3.com/AmosProManual/contents/c1.html Amos Pro] with [https://github.com/AmiDARK/AmosProfessionalUnity-Official-Releases Asm src], [http://aminet.net/package/dev/basic/ace24dist ACE Basic], [https://github.com/gooofy/aqb aqb], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;sdlBasic
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Computer Languages Translation [https://tetracorp.github.io/guide/reverse-engineering-amiga.html], [https://amigasourcecodepreservation.gitlab.io/amiga-assembler-insider-guide/], [https://github.com/kermitfrog/Amiga-Re-Engineering Rust, Ghidra and FS-UAE], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://bitbucket.org/rhinoid/convert68000toc/src/main/ convert m68k seka asm-one to c], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Gui Creators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/guitool MuiBuilder], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ MuiBuilder],  
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Catalog .cd .ct Custom App Language Editors 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;FlexCat, [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility Flexcat GUI], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.geit.de/deu_simplecat.html SimpleCat], FlexCat
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/dev/misc/simplecat SimpleCat], FlexCat
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.geit.de/deu_simplecat.html SimpleCat], FlexCat
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Cross Development 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/geekychris/amiga_mcp amiga_mcp], [https://github.com/mbergmann-sh/AmigaED4-IDE AmigaED4-IDE], [https://lemonspawn.com/turbo-rascal-syntax-error-expected-but-begin/ Turbo Rascal], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Misc Application 3==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ SysExplorer], [ SysMon], [ Scout], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Terminals Shells CLIs 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/limpet limpet], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;OSK On Screen Keyboard
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/util/wb/OSK.lha OSK]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Magnifier Magnifying Glass Magnification 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://www.onyxsoft.se/files/zoomit.lha ZoomIT], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Comic Book CBR CBZ format reader viewer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer comics], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer comicon], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Ebook Reader 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/#legadon Legadon EPUB],[]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Ebook Converter 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Text to Speech tts [https://github.com/JonathanFly/bark-installer Bark], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Echo &quot; &quot; &gt;SPEAK:A1 inbuilt], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc flite], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.text2speech.com translator], [https://github.com/sidick/narrator.wyoming narrator.wyoming], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=search&amp;tool=simple FLite]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://se.aminet.net/pub/aminet/mus/misc/ FLite]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speech Voice Recognition Dictation - [http://sourceforge.net/projects/cmusphinx/files/ CMU Sphinx], [http://julius.sourceforge.jp/en_index.php?q=en/index.html Julius], [http://www.isip.piconepress.com/projects/speech/index.html ISIP], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speech Voice Changer [], [], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Display Blanker screensaver 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Blanker Commodity (built in), [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/screenblanker GarshneBlanker], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/gblanker/ GBlanker Src], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MultiCX, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;ModernArt Blanker, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fortune Cookie Quotes Sayings 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/misc AFortune], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}


==Misc Application 4==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fractals mandelbrot, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/misc], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;ZoneXplorer, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Landscape Rendering 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/raytrace WCS World Construction Set], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Vista Pro], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Construction_Set World Construction Set]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[ WCS World Construction Set],
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ WCS World Construction Set],
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Astronomy [https://sourceforge.net/projects/skychart/ skychart freepascal], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Digital Almanac (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/search?query=planetarium Aminet search], [http://aminet.net/misc/sci/DA3V56ISO.zip Digital Almanac], [https://aminet.net/package/misc/sci/da3sourceV58 Src c V58], [ Galileo renamed to Distant Suns]*, [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/digital-almanac/ Digital Almanac], Distant Suns*, [http://www.digitaluniverse.org.uk/ Digital Universe]*,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.aminet.net/misc/sci/da3.lha Digital Almanac], [http://www.aminet.net/package/misc/sci/da3-mos-src Src c V56], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Astrology [https://sourceforge.net/projects/skylendar/ skylendar], [https://github.com/CruiserOne/Astrolog Astrolog], [https://www.astrolog.org/astrolog/astfile.htm Astrology alt site], [https://saravali.github.io/download.html Maitreya], [https://github.com/alamahant/Asteria Asteria], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Genealogy History Family Tree Ancestry Records (FreeBMD, FreeREG, and FreeCEN file formats or GEDCOM GenTree)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; [ Origins], [ Your Family Tree], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Languages 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Fun School, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Mathematics ([http://www-fourier.ujf-grenoble.fr/~parisse/install_en.html Xcas], etc.), 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/scientific mathX] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Maple V, mathX, Fun School, GCSE Maths, [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Yacas 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Yacas 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Maths Graph Function Plotting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/#MUIPlot MUIPlot], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;App Utility Launcher Dock toolbar  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/docky BoingBar], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/adkennan/DockBot Dockbot],
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Printer [https://github.com/OrcaSlicer/OrcaSlicer OrcaSlicer]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CNC control with laser and vinyl cutting 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PCB design
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Digital Signage
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Hollywood, Hollywood Designer 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;HAM radio, amateur radio, packet radio,  [], [], [], [https://cemaxecuter.com/ Dragon OS], [https://github.com/km4ack/73Linux with 73 link update], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAL5KNePRSg video for], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/punktniklas/NiKom NiKom], [https://www.amigarealm.com/amiga/amicomms/comm4.htm Comm4], [https://www.amigarealm.com/archives/comms/aarug/ TNC Terminal Node Controller with packets over serial connections on Yaesu or Woxum handheld], [https://aminet.net/comm/misc AmiCom], [ with 7Plus file encoder/decoder], [ mksstv], [ RTTYam], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;modern smart home network like Home Assistant Automation Yellow, Green, Mosquitto, EMQX, IFTTT (aka IF This Then That), 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/evil4dmin/ami2ha HA], [https://github.com/sidick/midge mtqq.lib], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiHomeassist-0.7 AmiHomeassist], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Teaching classroom learning training [https://github.com/moodle/moodle moodle], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Games &amp; Emulation==

Some emulators/games require OpenGL to function and to adjust ahi prefs channels, frequency and unit0 and unit1 and 
[http://aros.sourceforge.net/documentation/users/shell/changetaskpri.php changetaskpri -1]

Rom patching  https://www.marcrobledo.com/RomPatcher.js/ https://www.romhacking.net/patch/ (ips, ups, bps, etc) and this other site supports the latter formats https://hack64.net/tools/patcher.php 

Free public domain roms for use with emulators can be found [http://www.pdroms.de/ here] as most of the rest are covered by copyright rules. If you like to read about old games see [http://retrogamingtimes.com/ here] and [http://www.armchairarcade.com/neo/ here] and a [http://www.vintagecomputing.com/ blog] about old computers. Possibly some of the [http://www.answers.com/topic/list-of-best-selling-computer-and-video-games best selling] of all time. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer_system_emulators Wiki] with emulated systems list.

[https://archive.gamehistory.org/ Archive of VGHF], [https://library.gamehistory.org/ Video Game History Foundation Library search]


{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:10%;|Games [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Emulation]
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS3(68k)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Amstrad CPC 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [ Caprice32 (OpenGL &amp; pure SDL)], [ Arnold], [https://retroshowcase.gr/cpcbox-master/], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Apple2 and 2GS
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Arcade 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Mame], [ SI Emu (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Mame, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem xmame], amiarcadia, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2 Mame], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 2600 [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Stella], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 5200 [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/A5200DS A5200DS], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 7800
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 400 800 130XL [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/A8DS A8DS], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Atari800], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari Lynx
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://myfreefilehosting.com/f/6366e11bdf_1.93MB Handy (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari Jaguar
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Bandai Wonderswan 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation BBC Micro and Acorn Electron [http://beehttps://bem-unix.bbcmicro.com/download.html BeebEm], [http://b-em.bbcmicro.com/ B-Em], [http://elkulator.acornelectron.co.uk/ Elkulator], [http://electrem.emuunlim.com/ ElectrEm], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Dragon 32 and Tandy CoCo [http://www.6809.org.uk/xroar/ xroar], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore C16 Plus4
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore C64
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Vice (ABIv0 only)], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Frodo, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem viceplus], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Vice, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore Amiga
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Janus UAE], Emumiga, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer UAE], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2 UAE], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Japanese MSX MSX2 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Mattel Intelivision
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Mattel Colecovision and Adam
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Milton Bradley (MB) Vectrex [ Vectrex OpenGL], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation PICO8 Pico-8 fantasy video game console [https://github.com/egordorichev/pemsa-sdl/ pemsa-sdl], [https://github.com/jtothebell/fake-08 fake-08], [https://github.com/Epicpkmn11/fake-08/tree/wip fake-08 fork], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo Gameboy
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem vba no sound], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem vba]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo NES
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ EmiNES], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Fceu], [https://github.com/takahirox/nes-js?tab=readme-ov-file nes-js], [https://github.com/bfirsh/jsnes jsnes], [https://github.com/angelo-wf/NesJs NesJs], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiNES, [http://www.dridus.com/~nyef/darcnes/ darcNES], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem amines]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo SNES
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Zsnes], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem warpsnes]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://fabportnawak.free.fr/snes/ Snes9x], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo N64 
*HLE and plugins [ mupen64], [https://github.com/ares-emulator/ares ares], [https://github.com/N64Recomp/N64Recomp N64Recomp], [https://github.com/rt64/rt64 rt64], [https://github.com/simple64/simple64 Simple64], 
*LLE [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/mupen64plus/ Mupen64+],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/mupen64plus/ Mupen64+], [http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/tr-981125_src TR64], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Nintendo Gamecube Wii]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Nintendo Wii U]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://github.com/yuzu-emu Nintendo Switch]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation NEC PC Engine 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], [https://github.com/yhzmr442/jspce js-pce], 
|[http://www.hugo.fr.fm/ Hugo], [http://mednafen.sourceforge.net/ Mednafen], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem tgemu]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Master System (SMS)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Dega], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem sms], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem osmose]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Genesis/Megadrive
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem gp no sound], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem DGen], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/genplus-gx/ Genplus], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem genesisplus]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Saturn 
*HLE [https://mednafen.github.io/ mednafen], [http://yabause.org/ yabause], [], 
*LLE [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;?
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://yabause.org/ Yabause], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Dreamcast 
*HLE [https://github.com/flyinghead/flycast  flycast], [https://code.google.com/archive/p/nulldc/downloads NullDC], 
*LLE [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;?
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair ZX80 and ZX81 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair Spectrum 
|[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Fuse (crackly sound)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer SimCoupe], [ FBZX slow], [https://jsspeccy.zxdemo.org/ jsspeccy], [http://torinak.com/qaop/games qaop], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.zophar.net/sinclair.html Speculator], [http://www.worldofspectrum.org/x128/index.html X128], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair QL
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/QDOS4amiga1 QDOS4amiga]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation SNK NeoGeo Pocket
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem gngeo], NeoPop, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sony PlayStation
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem FPSE], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem FPSE]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Sony PS2]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Sony PS3]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://vita3k.org/ Sony Vita]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://github.com/shadps4-emu/shadPS4 PS4]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangerine_Computer_Systems Tangerine] Oric and Atmos 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Oricutron]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Oricutron]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/oricutron Oricutron]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation TI 99/4 99/4A [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/DS994a DS994a], [], [https://js99er.net/#/ js99er], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/TI4Amiga TI4Amiga], [http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/TI4Amiga_src TI4Amiga src in c], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation HP 38G 40GS 48 49G/50G Graphing Calculators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation TI 58 83 84 85 86 - 89 92 Graphing Calculators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games emulation Ms-Dos Dosbox type 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-boxerapp Boxer]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:10%;|Games [https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/ General]
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS3(68k)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Games [https://www.trackawesomelist.com/michelpereira/awesome-open-source-games/ Open Source and others] || AROS || Amiga OS || Amiga OS4 || Morphos 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Action like [https://github.com/opentomb/OpenTomb opentomb], [https://github.com/LostArtefacts/TRX TRX formerly Tomb1Main], [https://github.com/TombEngine TombEngine], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action Thrust], [https://github.com/fragglet/sdl-sopwith sdl sopwith], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action BOH], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/BSzili/OpenLara/tree/amiga/src source of openlara SDL2], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Adventure like [http://dotg.sourceforge.net/ DMJ], [https://github.com/kromenak/gengine Gabriel Knight 3], [http://www.sarien.net/ Sierra Sarien], [https://github.com/klembot/twinejs twine js], [https://github.com/QSPFoundation/qspgui Quest Soft Player QSP], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/adventure dmagnetic], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/misc ScummVM], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying frotz infocom], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Board like [https://github.com/aperture-software/colditz-escape escape from colditz], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/board], [http://amigan.1emu.net/releases Africa]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Cards 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/card], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=180&amp;pid=12934#post_12934 Balatro], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[http://home.arcor.de/amigasolitaire/e/welcome.html Reko], [https://github.com/samskivert/beschei-en beschei Src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Misc [https://github.com/michelpereira/awesome-open-source-games Awesome open], [https://github.com/bobeff/open-source-games General Open Source], [https://github.com/SAT-R/sa2 Sonic Advance 2], [https://github.com/velorek1/cwordle Wordle type], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/misc], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games FPS like [https://aminet.net/package/game/shoot/D1X_Rebirth_AGA Descent D1X src], [https://github.com/DescentDevelopers/Descent3 Descent 3], [https://github.com/Fewnity/Counter-Strike-Nintendo-DS Counter-Strike-Nintendo-DS], [https://github.com/Aleph-One-Marathon/alephone Bungie Marathon 1994], [https://zdoom.org/downloads UzDoom opengl 3.3], [https://github.com/ZDoom/gzdoom gzdoom opengl 3+], [https://zdoom.org/downloads LZDoom opengl 2.1], [https://github.com/OpenXRay/xray-16 S.T.A.L.K.E.R Xray], [https://staniks.github.io/articles/serious-engine-networking-analysis/ Serious Sam] [https://github.com/Croteam-official/Serious-Engine Serious Engine 1]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Doom, Quake, [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Quake 3 Arena (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Cube (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Assault Cube (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Cube 2 Sauerbraten (OpenGL)], [http://fodquake.net/test/ FodQuake QuakeWorld], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Duke Nukem 3D], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Darkplaces Nexuiz Xonotic], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Doom 3 SDL (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Hexenworld and Hexen 2], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Aliens vs Predator Gold 2000 avp (openGL)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Odamex (openGL doom)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/fps/ zgloom], [], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/fps/ ab3dhd], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Doom, Quake, AB3D, Fears, Breathless, Gloom, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Doom, Quake, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12 Doom], Quake, Quake 3 Arena, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games MMORG like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Eternal Lands (OpenGL)],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Platform like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/platform], [ Maze of Galious], [ Gish]*(openGL), [ Mega Mario], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ thextech SMBX], [http://www.gianas-return.de/ Giana's Return], [http://www.sqrxz.de/ Sqrxz], [www.sqrxz2.de/ Sqrxz 2], [http://www.sqrxz.de/sqrxz-3/ Sqrxz 3], [http://www.sqrxz.de/sqrxz-4/ Sqrxz 4], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/platform Cave Story], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ Frogatto], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ OpenJazz], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ pekkakana2], [ Aquaria], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ sonic CD], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Giana Sisters], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Puzzle [https://github.com/mariopartyrd/marioparty4/tree/port Party], [https://github.com/mdodis/OpenSolomonsKey OpenSolomonsKey], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/puzzle], [ Cubosphere (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/puzzle Candy Crisis], [http://bszili.morphos.me/ TailTale], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Sports 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-swos OpenSWOS], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Racing [ Trigger Rally], [ VDrift], [http://www.ultimatestunts.nl/index.php?page=2&amp;lang=en Ultimate Stunts], [http://maniadrive.raydium.org/ Mania Drive], [https://github.com/plowteam/donut Simpsons Hit and Run], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Super Tux Kart (OpenGL)], [http://www.dusabledanslherbe.eu/AROSPage/F1Spirit.30.html F1 Spirit (OpenGL)], [http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html MultiRacer], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ Speed Dreams], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/driving/dethrace-0.10.1.x86_64-aros-v11.zip Carmageddon dethrace 64bit], [http://maniadrive.raydium.org/index.php?downloads=yes maniadrive like trackmania], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html Speed Dreams], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12], [http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html TORCS], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 1st first person DRPG [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/OpenEnroth/OpenEnroth OpenEnroth MM], []
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/BSzili/aros-stuff Arx Libertatis], [http://www.playfuljs.com/a-first-person-engine-in-265-lines/ js raycaster], [https://github.com/Dorthu/es6-crpg webgl], [https://github.com/sonountaleban/AmiShockolate System Shock], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;Phantasie, Faery Tale, Dungeon Master, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 3rd third person action CRPG  [https://sourceforge.net/projects/sumwars/ Summoning Wars], [https://www.solarus-games.org/ Solarus], [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/alexbatalov/fallout1-ce fallout ce], [https://github.com/rwengine/openrw gta3], [https://github.com/gta-reversed/gta-reversed gta3 sa], [https://github.com/mrxenginner/reVC gta3 vc revc], [https://github.com/jakobharder/burntime/tree/main Burntime], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ fheroes2 homm2], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ breakhack], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ devilutionx diablo 1 hellfire], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ fallout 1], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ stratagus], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ hostile-takeover], [https://github.com/Kalamatee/ Openmw], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games isometric RPG [https://sourceforge.net/projects/sumwars/ Summoning Wars], [https://www.solarus-games.org/ Solarus], [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/topics/dungeon?l=javascript Dungeon], [], [https://github.com/clintbellanger/heroine-dusk JS Dusk], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying nethack], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying GemRB], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games card based RPG [https://github.com/open-duelyst/duelyst Duelyst], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games turn based tactics RPG [], [], [], [], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/strategy UFO AI], [http://play.freeciv.org/ FreeCiv], [https://juen.in Aveterna online civ], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Strategy [http://rtsgus.org/ RTSgus], [http://stargus.sourceforge.net/ Stargus], [https://github.com/KD-lab-Open-Source/Perimeter Perimeter], [https://matty77.itch.io/conflict-3049 conflict-3049], [https://github.com/ZeroK-RTS/Zero-K Zero-K multi player rts lua], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/strategy MegaGlest (OpenGL)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ signus], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=12446#post_12446 Wargus warcraft 2 setup], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/game/strat/OpenDUNE_RTG OpenDUNE_RTG src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Rhythm, Beat, Step [], [], [https://clonehero.net/ clonehero], [https://github.com/MatteoGodzilla/Dj-Engine Dj-Engine], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/misc Frets on Fire], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Shoot Em Ups [http://www.mhgames.org/oldies/formido/ Formido], [http://code.google.com/p/violetland/ Violetland], 
||&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action Open Tyrian], [http://www.parallelrealities.co.uk/projects/starfighter.php Starfighter], [ Alien Blaster], [https://github.com/OpenFodder/openfodder OpenFodder], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/action/ tbftss The Battle for the Solar System: the Pandora War]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.parallelrealities.co.uk/projects/starfighter.php Starfighter], [ The Battle for the Solar System: the Pandora War]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Simulations [http://scp.indiegames.us/ Freespace 2], [http://www.heptargon.de/gl-117/gl-117.html GL117], [http://code.google.com/p/corsix-th/ Theme Hospital], [http://code.google.com/p/freerct/ Rollercoaster Tycoon], [http://hedgewars.org/ Hedgewars], [https://github.com/raceintospace/raceintospace raceintospace], [https://github.com/Return-To-The-Roots RTTR Settlers 2], [https://github.com/OoliteProject/oolite oolite elite], [https://github.com/fesh0r/newkind newkind elite], [https://github.com/bohemiainteractive/cwr Arma Cold War Src], [https://github.com/endless-sky/endless-sky endless-sky], [https://github.com/pioneerspacesim/pioneer pioneer space command], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-micropolis micropolis]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SimCity, SimAnt, Sim Hospital, Theme Park, [https://github.com/angree/openttd_amiga_68k openttd amiga_68k], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Life Sim [https://github.com/ACreTeam/forest Animal Crossing], [ ], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Horror [https://github.com/Mikompilation/MikuPan Fatal Frame], [ ], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Sandbox Voxel Open World Exploration [https://github.com/ClassiCube/ Classicube],[http://www.michaelfogleman.com/craft/ Craft], [https://github.com/tothpaul/DelphiCraft DelphiCraft],[https://www.minetest.net/ Luanti formerly Minetest], [ infiniminer], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/Kalamatee/veloren veloren]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Battle Royale [https://bruh.io/ Play.Bruh.io], [https://www.coolmathgames.com/0-copter Copter Royale], [https://surviv.io/ Surviv.io], [https://nuggetroyale.io/#Ketchup Nugget Royale], [https://miniroyale2.io/ Miniroyale2.io], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Tower Defense [https://chriscourses.github.io/tower-defense/ HTML5], [https://github.com/SBardak/Tower-Defense-Game TD C++], [https://github.com/bdoms/love_defense LUA and LOVE], [https://github.com/HyOsori/Osori-WebGame HTML5], [https://github.com/PascalCorpsman/ConfigTD ConfigTD Pascal], [https://github.com/GloriousEggroll/wine-ge-custom Wine], []
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=180&amp;pid=12871#post_12871 Plants vs Zombies PvZ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/boingball/miggy-tower-defense miggy-tower-defense], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Visual Novel Engines [https://github.com/diane1f0cd/VisualNovelTemplate Visual Novel Template], [https://github.com/Kirilllive/tuesday-js Tuesday JS], [https://github.com/tejasnayak25/vnsutra vnsutra], [https://github.com/weetabix-su/renpsp-dev RenPSP], [https://github.com/Galladite27/ONScripter-EN ONScripter-EN], [https://github.com/NathanGuilhot/VNES-Raylib https://github.com/NathanGuilhot/VNES VNES in Raylib], [https://www.renpy.org/latest.html renpy ren'py python based], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Reality VR [https://gitlab.com/madsbuvi/openmw openmw vr], [https://github.com/Team-Beef-Studios/BeefRaiderXR BeefRaiderXR], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Table Top VTT [ Roll20], [https://www.owlbear.rodeo/ owlbear rodeo], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Computer assisted TableTop TTRPG OSR [https://www.rpgsolo.com/play.php RPGSolo], [https://github.com/fpsvogel/solo-ttrpgs Solo TTRPG], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 2D 3D Engines [https://github.com/fegennari/3DWorld 3DWorld], [https://github.com/GarageGames/Torque3D Torque3D], [https://github.com/gameplay3d/GamePlay GamePlay 3D],  [https://www.babylonjs.com/ BabylonJS ], [ Godot], [ Ogre], [ Crystal Space], [https://github.com/JacobHess03/ Dragon-Quest like], [https://github.com/bjornbytes/lovr Lua LOVE for 2D LOVR for 3D], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arkhamdev.net/wiki.htm?id=agx Arkham Development antiryadgx 8.9 lts with register], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/alpyre/Sevgi_Engine Sevgi Engine], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games C based game frameworks [https://github.com/orangeduck/Corange Corange], [https://github.com/scottcgi/Mojoc Mojoc], [https://orx-project.org/ Orx], [https://github.com/ioquake/ioq3 Quake 3], [https://www.mapeditor.org/ Tiled], [https://www.raylib.com/ 2d Raylib], [https://github.com/Rabios/awesome-raylib other raylib], [https://github.com/MrFrenik/gunslinger Gunslinger], [https://o3de.org/ o3d], [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/library GLFW], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/library Raylib 5], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games RPGMaker MV/MZ-compatible projects [https://github.com/Psychronic-Games/RPGReactor RPGReactor js],
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Pinball [https://github.com/vpinball/vpinball vpinball], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games unpack unarc [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}


==Application Guides==

[[#top|...to the top]]

===Web Browser===

OWB is now at version 2.0 (which got an engine refresh, from July 2015 to February 2019) and 3.0.

This latest version has a good support for many/most web sites, even YouTube web page now works. [https://www.bilibili.tv/en/search untested] 

This improved compatibility comes at the expense of higher RAM usage (now 1GB RAM is the absolute minimum). 

Also, keep in mind that the lack of a JIT (Just-In-Time) JS compiler on the 32 bit version, makes the web surfing a bit slow. 

Only the 64 bit version of OWB 2.0 will have JIT enabled, thus benefitting of more speed. There are tooltypes that can be added to the icon to provide further features JIT, MSE etc 


Certificates from [https://curl.se/docs/caextract.html ca certs], 


DNS tracking blocking with [https://easylist.to/easylist/easylist.txt easylist.txt] in PROGDIR:Conf before starting browser with enabled AdBlock [https://github.com/easylist/easylist/tree/master easylist], [https://gitlab.com/eyeo anti abp], [https://firebog.net/ big blocklist], [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts Steves], [], [], 

This can be enabled with OWB Odyssey with Windows -&gt; Content Blocking and Windows -&gt; Messages and enter 

 https://www.youtube.com/api/stats/ads*
 https://www.youtube.com/pagead/adview*
 https://www.youtube.com#@##player-ads*

into your custom filters 


Element blocker browser extension might be needed for [https://github.com/easylist/easylist/wiki/Youtube-Issues youtube], [ mid roll], [ pre roll], [ ],  


OWB speed is much better when running from RAM Disk, the best way is to add the below into your S:User-Startup which copies OWB drawer from Extras:Internet/OWB to RAM Disk: 

So add this :
&lt;pre&gt;
copy Extras:Internet/OWB Ram:OWB/ ALL CLONE &gt;NIL:
copy Extras:Internet/OWB.info Ram: &gt;NIL:
&lt;/pre&gt;
Open RAM Disk and open OWB drawer and double click on OWB icon so that the above icon tooltypes are activated 

Problems are that the copy time is long (around 20 seconds added in the background), but we can make it faster if we delete useless files from the OWB drawer (docs, …)
If you don’t copy the drawer back onto the HD, you won’t save your cache, cookies, passwords… So you need a script for it.

 copy Extras:Internet/Amelinium/#? Ram:Amelinium/ ALL CLONE &gt;NIL: 

Error messages 

SSL error &quot;cant verify with ca-certificates&quot;, check bios clock time date is correct 

Error 6, try checking networking prefs settings and Save / Use preferences again or a '''few times''' otherwise the network chipset may not be compatible with Aros 


[https://www.google.com/search?q=%s&amp;udm=14 Google search without AI overview] 
[ DuckDuckGo]
[ Ecosia]
[ Qwant]
[ Swisscows]
[ Mojeek]
[ Brave Search]
[ PreSearch]
[ Startpage] 


===E-mail===

 Emailinium is now available for IMAP and POP3 based accounts 

YAM does not support SSL and most mail providers now switched to encrypted SMTP/POP3 connections


====SimpleMail====

SimpleMail supports IMAP and appears to work with GMail, but it's never been reliable enough, it can crash with large mailboxes.

Please read more on this [http://www.freelists.org/list/simplemail-usr User list]


 GMail

Be sure to activate the pop3 usage in your gmail account setup / configuration first.

pop3: 
pop.gmail.com
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 995

smtp:
smtp.gmail.com (with authentication)
Use Authentication: Yes
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 465 or 587


 Hotmail/MSN/outlook/Microsoft Mail mid-2017, all outlook.com accounts will be migrated to Office 365 / Exchange

Most users are currently on POP which does not allow showing folders and many other features (technical limitations of POP3). With Microsoft IMAP you will get folders, sync read/unread, and show flags. You still won't get push though, as Microsoft has not turned on the IMAP Idle command as at Sept 2013.

If you want to try it, you need to first remove (you can't edit) your pop account (long-press the account on the accounts screen, delete account). Then set it up this way:

1. Email/Password
2. Manual
3. IMAP
4.

* Incoming: imap-mail.outlook.com, port 993, SSL/TLS should be checked
* Outgoing: smtp-mail.outlook.com, port 587, SSL/TLS should be checked
* POP server name pop-mail.outlook.com, port 995, POP encryption method SSL

 Yahoo  Mail

On April 24, 2002 Yahoo ceased to offer POP access to its free mail service. Introducing instead a yearly payment feature, allowing users POP3 and IMAP server support, along with such benefits as larger file attachment sizes and no adverts.

Sorry to see Yahoo leaving its users to cough up for the privilege of accessing their mail. Understandable, when competing against rivals such as Gmail and Hotmail who hold a large majority of users and were hacked in 2014 as well.


Incoming Mail (IMAP) Server

* Server - imap.mail.yahoo.com
* Port - 993
* Requires SSL - Yes

Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server

* Server - smtp.mail.yahoo.com
* Port - 465 or 587
* Requires SSL - Yes
* Requires authentication - Yes

Your login info

* Email address - Your full email address (name@domain.com)
* Password - Your account's password
* Requires authentication - Yes


Note that you need to enable “Web &amp; POP Access” in your Yahoo Mail account to send and receive Yahoo Mail messages through any other email program.

You will have to enable “Allow your Yahoo Mail to be POPed” under “POP and Forwarding”, to send and receive Yahoo mails through any other email client.

Cannot be done since 2002 unless the customer pays Yahoo a subscription subs fee to have access to SMTP and POP3

* Set the POP server for incoming mails as pop.mail.yahoo.com. You will have to enable “SSL” and use 995 for Port.
* “Account Name or Login Name” – Your Yahoo Mail ID i.e. your email address without the domain “@yahoo.com”.
* “Email Address” – Your Yahoo Mail address i.e. your email address including the domain “@yahoo.com”. E.g. myname@yahoo.com
* “Password” – Your Yahoo Mail password.

Yahoo! Mail Plus users may have to set POP server as plus.pop.mail.yahoo.com and SMTP server as plus.smtp.mail.yahoo.com.

* Set the SMTP server for outgoing mails as smtp.mail.yahoo.com. You will also have to make sure that “SSL” is enabled and use 465 for port. you must also enable “authentication” for this to work.


====YAM Yet Another Mailer====

 YAM does not support SSL and most mail providers have now switched to encrypted SMTP/POP3 connections

This email client is POP3 only if the SSL library is available [http://www.freelists.org/list/yam YAM Freelists]

One of the downsides of using a POP3 mailer unfortunately - you have to set an option not to delete the mail if you want it left on the server. IMAP keeps all the emails on the server.

Possible issues

Sending mail issues is probably a matter of using your ISP's SMTP server, though it could also be an SSL issue.


getting a &quot;Couldn't initialise TLSv1 / SSL error

Use of on-line e-mail accounts with this email client is not possible as it lacks the OpenSSL AmiSSl v3 compatible library

 GMail 
Incoming Mail (POP3) Server - requires SSL: pop.gmail.com
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 995

Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server - requires TLS: smtp.gmail.com (use authentication)
Use Authentication: Yes
Use STARTTLS: Yes (some clients call this SSL)
Port: 465 or 587

Account Name: your Gmail username (including '@gmail.com')
Email Address: your full Gmail email address (username@gmail.com)
Password: your Gmail password

Anyway, the SMTP is pop.gmail.com port 465 and it uses SSLLv3 Authentication. The POP3 settings are for the same server (pop.gmail.com), only on port 995 instead.


 Outlook.com access

&lt;pre &gt;
Outlook.com SMTP server address: smtp.live.com
Outlook.com SMTP user name: Your full Outlook.com email address (not an alias)
Outlook.com SMTP password: Your Outlook.com password
Outlook.com SMTP port: 587
Outlook.com SMTP TLS/SSL encryption required: yes 
&lt;/pre &gt;


 Yahoo  Mail

&lt;pre &gt;
“POP3 Server” – Set the POP server for incoming mails as pop.mail.yahoo.com. You will have to enable “SSL” and use 995 for Port.
“SMTP Server” – Set the SMTP server for outgoing mails as smtp.mail.yahoo.com. You will also have to make sure that “SSL” is enabled and use 465 for port. you must also enable “authentication” for this to work.
“Account Name or Login Name” – Your Yahoo Mail ID i.e. your email address without the domain “@yahoo.com”.
“Email Address” – Your Yahoo Mail address i.e. your email address including the domain “@yahoo.com”. E.g. myname@yahoo.com
“Password” – Your Yahoo Mail password.
&lt;/pre &gt;

Yahoo! Mail Plus users may have to set POP server as plus.pop.mail.yahoo.com and SMTP server as plus.smtp.mail.yahoo.com.

Note that you need to enable “Web &amp; POP Access” in your Yahoo Mail account to send and receive Yahoo Mail messages through any other email program.

You will have to enable “Allow your Yahoo Mail to be POPed” under “POP and Forwarding”, to send and receive Yahoo mails through any other email client.

Cannot be done since 2002 unless the customer pays Yahoo a monthly fee to have access to SMTP and POP3


 Microsoft Outlook Express Mail 

1. Get the files to your PC.
By whatever method get the files off your Amiga onto your PC. In the YAM folder you have a number of different folders, one for each of your folders in YAM. Inside that is a file usually some numbers such as 332423.283. YAM created a new file for every single email you received.

2. Open up a brand new Outlook Express. Just configure the account to use 127.0.0.1 as mail servers. It doesn't really matter. You will need to manually create any subfolders you used in YAM.

3. You will need to do a mass rename on all your email files from YAM. Just add a .eml to the end of it. Amazing how PCs still rely mostly on the file name so it knows what sort of file it is rather than just looking at it! There are a number of multiple renamers online to download and free too.

4. Go into each of your folders, inbox, sent items etc. And do a select all then drag the files into Outlook Express (to the relevant folder obviously) Amazingly the file format that YAM used is very compatible with .eml standard and viola your emails appear. With correct dates and working attachments.

5. If you want your email into Microsoft Outlook. Open that up and create a new profile and a new blank PST file. Then go into File Import and choose to import from Outlook Express. And the mail will go into there. And viola.. you have your old email from your Amiga in a more modern day format.


===FTP===

Magellan has a great FTP module. It allows transferring files from/to a FTP server over the Internet or the local network and, even if FTP is perceived as a &quot;thing of the past&quot;, its usability is all inside the client. The FTP thing has a nice side effect too, since every Icaros machine can be a FTP server as well, and our files can be easily transferred from an Icaros machine to another with a little configuration effort.

First of all, we need to know the 'server' IP address. Server is the Icaros machine with the file we are about to download on another Icaros machine, that we're going to call 'client'. To do that, move on the server machine and 1) run Prefs/Services to be sure &quot;FTP file transfer&quot; is enabled (if not, enable it and restart Icaros); 2) run a shell and enter this command:

ifconfig -a

Make a note of the IP address for the network interface used by the local area network. For cabled devices, it usually is net0:. Now go on the client machine and run Magellan:

Perform these actions: 1) click on FTP; 2) click on ADDRESS BOOK; 3) click on &quot;New&quot;. 
You can now add a new entry for your Icaros server machine:

1) Choose a name for your server, in order to spot it immediately in the address book. Enter the IP address you got before.

2) click on Custom Options:


1) go to Miscellaneous in the left menu;

2) Ensure &quot;Passive Transfers&quot; is NOT selected;

3) click on Use. We need to deactivate Passive Transfers because YAFS, the FTP server included in Icaros, only allows active transfers at the current stage. Now, we can finally connect to our new file source:


1) Look into the address book for the newly introduced server, be sure that name and IP address are right, and

2) click on Connect. A new lister with server's &quot;MyWorkspace&quot; contents will appear. You can now transfer files over the network choosing a destination among your local (client's) volumes.

Can be adapted to any FTP client on any platform of your choice, just be sure your client allows Active Transfers as well.


===IRC Internet Relay Chat===

Jabberwocky is ideal for one-to-one social media communication, use IRC if you require one to many. 

Just type a message in ''lowercase''' letters and it will be posted to all in the [ AROS irc channel]. Please do not use UPPER CASE as it is a sign of SHOUTING which is annoying.

Other things to type in - replace &lt;message&gt; with a line of text and &lt;nick&gt; with a person's name

&lt;pre&gt;
/help

/list

/who
/whois &lt;nick&gt;

/msg &lt;nick&gt; &lt;message&gt;

/query &lt;nick&gt; 
&lt;message&gt;s
/query

/away &lt;message&gt;
/away

/quit &lt;going away message&gt; 
&lt;/pre&gt;


[http://irchelp.org/irchelp/new2irc.html#smiley Intro guide here]. IRC Primer can be found here in [http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/ircprimer.html html], [http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/text/ircprimer.txt TXT], [http://www.kei.com/irc/IRCprimer1.1.ps PostScript].


Issue the command /me &lt;text&gt; where &lt;text&gt; is the text that should follow your nickname.
Example: /me slaps ajk around a bit with a large trout

/nick &lt;newNick&gt;

/nickserv register &lt;password&gt; &lt;email address&gt;

/ns instead of /nickserv, while others might need /msg nickserv

/nickserv identify &lt;password&gt;

Alternatives:
/ns identify &lt;password&gt;
/msg nickserv identify &lt;password&gt;


==== IRC WookieChat ====

WookieChat is the most complete internet client for communication across the IRC Network. WookieChat allows you to swap ideas and communicate in real-time, you can also exchange Files, Documents, Images and everything else using the application's DCC capabilities.


add smilies drawer/directory

 run wookiechat from the shell and set stack to 1000000 e.g. wookiechat stack 1000000

select a server / server window

* nickname 
* user name 
* real name - optional

Once you configure the client with your preferred screen name, you'll want to find a channel to talk in.


servers

* New Server - click on this to add / add extra - change details in section below this click box 
* New Group
* Delete Entry
* Connect to server
* connect in new tab
* perform on connect

Change details

* Servername - change text in this box to one of the below Server: 
* Port number - no need to change
* Server password
* Channel - add #channel from below 
* auto join - can click this 
* nick registration password,

Click Connect to server button above


&lt;pre&gt;
Server: irc.freenode.net
Channel: #aros
&lt;/pre&gt;

irc://irc.freenode.net/aros

&lt;pre&gt;
Server: chat.amigaworld.net 
Channel: #amigaworld or #amigans 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
On Sunday evenings USA time usually starting around 3PM EDT (1900 UTC)
Server:irc.superhosts.net
Channel #team*amiga  
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
BitlBee and Minbif are IRCd-like gateways to multiple IM networks
Server: im.bitlbee.org 
Port 6667 
Seems to be most useful on WookieChat as you can be connected to several servers at once. One for Bitlbee and any messages that might come through that. One for your normal IRC chat server. 
&lt;/pre&gt;

[http://www.bitlbee.org/main.php/servers.html Other servers],

&lt;pre&gt;
#Amiga.org - irc.synirc.net eu.synirc.net dissonance.nl.eu.synirc.net (IPv6: 2002:5511:1356:0:216:17ff:fe84:68a) 
twilight.de.eu.synirc.net zero.dk.eu.synirc.net us.synirc.net avarice.az.us.synirc.net envy.il.us.synirc.net harpy.mi.us.synirc.net 
liberty.nj.us.synirc.net snowball.mo.us.synirc.net - Ports 6660-6669 7001 (SSL)
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Multiple server support
&quot;Perform on connect&quot; scripts and channel auto-joins
Automatic Nickserv login
Tabs for channels and private conversations
CTCP PING, TIME, VERSION, SOUND
Incoming and Outgoing DCC SEND file transfers
Colours for different events
Logging and automatic reloading of logs
mIRC colour code filters
Configurable timestamps
GUI for changing channel modes easily
Configurable highlight keywords
URL Grabber window
Optional outgoing swear word filter
Event sounds for tabs opening, highlighted words, and private messages
DCC CHAT support
Doubleclickable URL's
Support for multiple languages using LOCALE
Clone detection
Auto reconnection to Servers upon disconnection
Command aliases
Chat display can be toggled between AmIRC and mIRC style
Counter for Unread messages
Graphical nicklist and graphical smileys with a popup chooser
&lt;/pre&gt;


====IRC Aircos ====

Double click on Aircos icon in Extras:Networking/Apps/Aircos. It has been set up with a guest account for trial purposes. Though ideally, choose a nickname and password for frequent use of irc. 


====IRC and XMPP Jabberwocky====
 Servers are setup and close down at random 
You sign up to a server that someone else has setup and access chat services through them. 

The two ways to access chat from jabberwocky
&lt;pre &gt;
Jabberwocky -&gt; Server -&gt; XMPP -&gt; open and ad-free 
Jabberwocky -&gt; Server -&gt; Transports (Gateways) -&gt; Proprietary closed systems 
&lt;/pre &gt;

The Jabber.org service connects with all IM services that use XMPP, the open standard for instant messaging and presence over the Internet. The services we connect with include Google Talk (closed), Live Journal Talk, Nimbuzz, Ovi, and thousands more. However, you can not connect from Jabber.org to proprietary services like AIM, ICQ, MSN, Skype, or Yahoo because they don’t yet use XMPP components (XEP-0114) '''but''' you can use Jabber.com's servers and IM gateways (MSN, ICQ, Yahoo etc.) instead.

The best way to use jabberwocky is in conjunction with a public jabber server with '''transports''' to your favorite services, like gtalk, Facebook, yahoo, ICQ, AIM, etc.


You have to register with one of the servers, [https://list.jabber.at/ this list] or [http://www.jabberes.org/servers/ another list], [http://xmpp.net/ this security XMPP list],

Unfortunately jabberwocky can only connect to one server at a time so it is best to check what services each server offers. If you set it up with separate Facebook and google talk accounts, for example, sometimes you'll only get one or the other.

Jabberwocky open a window where the Jabber server part is typed in as well as your Nickname and Password.

Jabber ID (JID) identifies you to the server and other users.

Once registered the next step is to goto Jabberwocky's &quot;Windows&quot; menu and select the &quot;Agents&quot; option. The &quot;Agents List&quot; window will open.

Roster (contacts list)

[http://search.wensley.org.uk/ Chatrooms] (MUC) are available

File Transfer - can send and receive files through the Jabber service but not with other services like IRC, ICQ, AIM or Yahoo. All you need is an installed webbrowser and OpenURL.

Clickable URLs - The message window uses Mailtext.mcc and you can set a URL action in the MUI mailtext prefs like SYS:Utils/OpenURL %s NEWWIN.

There is no consistent Skype like (H.323 VoIP) video conferencing available over Jabber. The move from xmpp to Jingle should help but no support on any amiga-like systems at the moment. [http://aminet.net/package/dev/src/AmiPhoneSrc192 AmiPhone] and [http://www.lysator.liu.se/%28frame,faq,nobg,useframes%29/ahi/v4-site/ Speak Freely] was an early attempt voice only contact. SIP and Asterisk are other PBX options.


 Facebook

If you're using the XMPP transport provided by Facebook themselves, chat.facebook.com, it looks like they're now requiring SSL transport. This means jabberwocky method below will no longer work. The best thing to do is to create an ID on a public jabber server which has a Facebook gateway.

&lt;pre &gt;
1. launch jabberwocky
2. if the login window doesn't appear on launch, select 'account' from the jabberwocky menu
3. your jabber ID will be user@chat.facebook.com where user is your user ID
4. your password is your normal facebook password
5. to save this for next time, click the popup gadget next to the ID field

6. click the 'add' button
7. click the 'close' button
8. click the 'connect' button
&lt;/pre &gt;

you're done. you can also click the 'save as default account' button if you want. jabberwocky configured to auto-connect when launching the program, but you can configure as you like. there is amigaguide documentation included with jabberwocky.

[http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=37085&amp;forum=32 Read more here]

for Facebook users, you can log-in directly to Facebook with jabberwocky. just sign in as @chat.facebook.com with your Facebook password as the password


 Twitter

For a few years, there has been added a twitter transport. Servers include [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/ jabber.hot-chili.net],  and .

An [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/tag/how-tos/ How-to]

:Read [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/2010/05/09/twitter-transport-working/ more]

 Instagram 

no support at the moment best to use a web browser based client

 ICQ

The new version (beta) of StriCQ uses a newer ICQ protocol. Most of the ICQ Jabber Transports still use an older ICQ protocol. You can only talk one-way to StriCQ using the older Transports. Only the newer ICQv7 Transport lets you talk both ways to StriCQ. Look at the server lists in the first section to check.

Register on a Jabber server, e.g. this one works: http://www.jabber.de/
Then login into Jabberwocky with the following login data e.g. xxx@jabber.de / Password: xxx Now add your ICQ account under the window-&gt;Agents-&gt;&quot;Register&quot;. Now Jabberwocky connects via the Jabber.de server with your ICQ account.

 Yahoo Messenger

although yahoo! does not use xmpp protocol, you should be able to use the transport methods to gain access and post your replies

 MSN

early months of 2013 Microsoft will ditch MSN Messenger client and force everyone to use Skype...but MSN protocol and servers will keep working as usual for quite a long time....

Occasionally the Messenger servers have been experiencing problems signing in.  You may need to sign in at www.outlook.com and then try again.  It may also take multiple tries to sign in.  (This also affects you if you’re using Skype.)

You have to check each servers' Agents List to see what transports (MSN protocol, ICQ protocol, etc.) are supported or use the list address' provided in the section above. Then register with each transport (IRC, MSN, ICQ, etc.) to which you need access. After registering you can Connect to start chatting.

msn.jabber.com/registered should appear in the window.

From this [http://tech.dir.groups.yahoo.com/group/amiga-jabberwocky/message/1378 JW group] guide which  helps with this process in a clear, step by step procedure.

1. Sign up on MSN's site for a passport account. This typically involves getting a Hotmail address.

2. Log on to the Jabber server of your choice and do the following:

* Select the &quot;Windows/Agents&quot; menu option in Jabberwocky.
* Select the MSN Agent from the list presented by the server.
* Click the Register button to open a new window asking for:
**Username = passort account email address, typically your hotmail address.
**Nick = Screen name to be shown to anyone you add to your buddy list.
**Password = Password for your passport account/hotmail address.
* Click the Register button at the bottom of the new window.

3. If all goes well, you will see the MSN Gateway added to your buddy list. If not, repeat part 2 on another server. Some servers may show MSN in their list of available agents, but have not updated their software for the latest protocols used by MSN.

4. Once you are registered, you can now add people to your buddy list. Note that you need to include the '''msn.''' ahead of the servername so that it knows what gateway agent to use. Some servers may use a slight variation and require '''msg.gate.''' before the server name, so try both to see what works.

If my friend's msn was amiga@hotmail.co.uk and my jabber server was @jabber.meta.net.nz..
then amiga'''%'''hotmail.com@'''msn.'''jabber.meta.net.nz

or another the trick to import MSN contacts is that you don't type the hotmail URL but the passport URL... e.g. Instead of: goodvibe%hotmail.com@msn.jabber.com  You type: goodvibe%passport.com@msn.jabber.com 
And the thing about importing contacts I'm afraid you'll have to do it by hand, one at the time...

 Google Talk

any XMPP server will work, but you have to add your contacts manually. a google talk user is typically either @gmail.com or @talk.google.com. a true gtalk transport is nice because it brings your contacts to you and (can) also support file transfers to/from google talk users.

implement Jingle a set of extensions to the IETF's Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)

support ended early 2014 as Google moved to Google+ Hangouts which uses it own proprietary format


===Video Player MPlayer===

Many of the menu features (such as doubling) do not work with the current version of mplayer but using

4:3
 mplayer -vf scale=800:600 file.avi

16:9
 mplayer -vf scale=854:480 file.avi

if you want gui use;
 mplayer -gui 1 &lt;other params&gt; file.avi

&lt;pre &gt;
stack 1000000

; using AspireOS 1.xx 
; copy FROM SYS:Extras/Multimedia/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

; using Icaros Desktop 1.x 
; copy FROM SYS:Tools/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

; using Icaros Desktop 2.x 
; copy FROM SYS:Utilities/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

cd RAM:MPlayer
run MPlayer -gui &gt; Nil:
;run MPlayer -gui -ao ahi_dev -playlist http://www.radio-paralax.de/listen.pls &gt; Nil: 
&lt;/pre &gt;

$ mplayer rtsp://127.0.0.1:554/sample_300kbit.mp4


MPlayer supports multicast streaming, and rtp/rtsp protocols (it might require [http://www.live555.com/openRTSP/ live555 library] to work with some streams). But you might have to build it where it's disabled. Also, multicast won't work with some AmiTCP-likes. MIAMI supported it, though.

AROS supports IPv4 (old but works) and this includes the needed address space for RTP.

If you mean multicast via RTP - mplayer handles it. You can even force UDP over TCP

-rtsp-stream-over-tcp

If the rtsp Real Time Streaming Protocol  server needs authentification:

-user -passwd


MPlayer - Menu - Open Playlist and load already downloaded .pls or .m3u file - auto starts around 4 percent cache

MPlayer - Menu - Open Stream and copy one of the .pls lines below into space allowed, press OK and press play button on main gui interface


Old 8bit 16bit remixes chip tune game music 
 
http://www.radio-paralax.de/listen.pls 

http://scenesat.com/

http://www.shoutcast.com/radio/Amiga

http://www.theoldcomputer.com/retro_radio/RetroRadio_Main.htm

http://www.kohina.com/

http://www.remix64.com/

http://retrogamer.net/forum/

http://retroasylum.podomatic.com/rss2.xml

http://retrogamesquad.com/

http://www.retronauts.com/

http://monsterfeet.com/noquarter/

http://www.retrogamingradio.com/

http://www.radiofeeds.co.uk/mp3.asp


[[#top|...to the top]]

====ZunePaint==== 

simplified typical workflow

* importing and organizing and photo management
* making global and regional local correction(s) - recalculation is necessary after each adjustment as it is not in real-time 
* exporting your images in the best format available with the preservation of metadata


Whilst achieving 80% of a great photo with just a filter, the remaining 20% comes from a manual fine-tuning of specific image attributes.


For photojournalism, documentary, and event coverage, minimal touching is recommended. Stick to Camera Raw for such shots, and limit changes to level adjustment, sharpness, noise reduction, and white balance correction.

For fashion or portrait shoots, a large amount of adjustment is allowed and usually ends up far from the original. Skin smoothing, blemish removal, eye touch-ups, etc. are common.  Might alter the background a bit to emphasize the subject.

Product photography usually requires a lot of sharpening, spot removal, and focus stacking.

For landscape shots, best results are achieved by doing the maximum amount of preparation before/while taking the shot. No amount of processing can match timing, proper lighting, correct gear, optimal settings, etc. Excessive post-processing might give you a dramatic shot but best avoided in the long term.


* White Balance - Left Amiga or F12 and K and under &quot;Misc color effects&quot; tab with a pull down for White Balance - color temperature also known as AKA tint (movies) or tones (painting) - warm temp raise red reduce green blue - cool raise blue lower red green 
* Exposure - exposure compensation, highlight/shadow recovery
* Noise Reduction - during RAW development or using external software
* Lens Corrections - distortion, vignetting, chromatic aberrations
* Detail - capture sharpening and local contrast enhancement
* Contrast - black point, levels (sliders) and curves tools (F12 and K) 
* Framing - straighten () and crop (F12 and F) 
* Refinements - color adjustments and selective enhancements - Left Amiga or F12 and K for RGB and YUV histogram tabs - 
* Resizing - enlarge for a print or downsize for the web or email (F12 and D) 
* Output Sharpening - customized for your subject matter and print/screen size


White Balance - F12 and K

scan your image for a shade which was meant to be white (neutral with each RGB value being equal) like paper or plastic which is in the same light as the subject of the picture. Use the dropper tool to select this color, similar colours will shift and you will have selected the perfect white balance for your part of the image - for the whole picture make sure RAZ or CLR button at the bottom is pressed before applying to the image above.


Exposure correction

F12 and K - YUV Y luminosity - RGB extra red tint - move red curve slightly down and move blue green curves slightly up

Workflows in practice

* Undo - Right AROS key or F12 and Z 
* Redo - Right AROS key or F12 and R

First flatten your image (if necessary) and then do a rotation until the picture looks level. 
* Crop the picture. Click the selection button and drag a box over the area of the picture you want to keep. Press the crop button and the rest of the photo will be gone. 
* Adjust your saturation, exposure, hue levels, etc., (right AROS Key and K for color correction) until you are happy with the photo. Make sure you zoom in all of the way to 100% and look the photo over, zoom back out and move around. Look for obvious problems with the picture. 
* After coloring and exposure do a sharpen (Right AROS key and E for Convolution and select drop down option needed), e.g. set the matrix to 5x5 (roughly equivalent Amount to 60%) and set the Radius to 1.0. Click OK.


And save your picture


Implemented or would like to see for simplification and ease of use

basic filters (presets) like black and white, monochrome, edge detection (sobel), motion/gaussian blur, 
* negative, sepiatone, retro vintage, night vision, colour tint, color gradient, color temperature, glows, fire, lightning, lens flare, emboss, filmic, pixelate mezzotint, antialias, etc.

adjust / cosmetic tools such as crop, 
* reshaping tools, straighten, smear, smooth, perspective, liquify, bloat, pucker, push pixels in any direction, dispersion, transform like warp, blending with soft light, page-curl, whirl, ripple, fisheye, neon,  etc. 
* red eye fixing, blemish remover, skin smoothing, teeth whitener, make eyes look brighter, desaturate,

effects like oil paint, cartoon, pencil sketch, charcoal, noise/matrix like sharpen/unsharpen, (right AROS key with A for Artistic effects) 
* blend two image, gradient blend, masking blend, explode, implode, custom collage, surreal painting, comic book style, needlepoint, stained glass, watercolor, mosaic, stencil/outline, crayon, chalk, etc.

borders such as 
* dropshadow, rounded, blurred, color tint, picture frame, film strip polaroid, bevelled edge, etc.

brushes e.g.
* frost, smoke, etc.

and manual control of

fix lens issues including vignetting (darkening), color fringing and barrel distortion, and chromatic and geometric aberration -  lens and body profiles

perspective correction

levels - directly modify the levels of the tone-values of an image, by using sliders for highlights, midtones and shadows

curves -  Color Adjustment and Brightness/Contrast

color balance

one single color transparent (alpha channel (color information/selections) for masking and/or blending ) for backgrounds, etc.

Threshold indicates how much other colors will be considered mixture of the removed color and non-removed colors

decompose layer into a set of layers with each holding a different type of pattern that is visible within the image

any selection using any selecting tools like lasso tool, marquee tool etc. the selection will temporarily be save to alpha 
If you create your image without transparency then the Alpha channel is not present, but you can add later.

File formats like .psd (Photoshop file has layers, masks etc.  contains edited sensor data. The original sensor data is no longer available) .xcf .raw .hdr

Image Picture Formats
* low dynamic range (JPEG, PNG, TIFF 8-bit), 16-bit (PPM, TIFF), typically as a 16-bit TIFF in either ProPhoto or AdobeRGB colorspace -  TIFF files are also fairly universal – although, if they contain proprietary data, such as Photoshop Adjustment Layers or Smart Filters, making them proprietary.
* linear high dynamic range (HDR) images (PFM, [http://www.openexr.com/ ILM .EXR], jpg, [http://aminet.net/util/dtype cr2] (canon tiff based), hdr, NEF, CRW, ARW, MRW, ORF, RAF (Fuji), PEF, DCR, SRF, ERF, DNG files are RAW converted to an Adobe proprietary format - a container that can embed the raw file as well as the information needed to open it) 
An old version of [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/convert dcraw]

There is no single RAW file format. Each camera manufacturer has one or more unique RAW formats. RAW files contain the brightness levels data captured by the camera sensor. This data cannot be modified. A second smaller file, separate XML file, or within a database with instructions for the RAW processor to change exposure, saturation etc. The extra data can be changed but the original sensor data is still there. RAW is technically least compatible.

A raw file is high-bit (usually 12 or 14 bits of information) but a camera-generated TIFF file will be usually converted by the camera (compressed, downsampled) to 8 bits. The raw file has no embedded color balance or color space, but the TIFF has both. These three things (smaller bit depth, embedded color balance, and embedded color space) make it so that the TIFF will lose quality more quickly with image adjustments than the raw file. The camera-generated TIFF image is much more like a camera processed JPEG than a raw file. A strong advantage goes to the raw file. The power of RAW files, such as the ability to set any color temperature non-destructively and will contain more tonal values.

The principle of preserving the maximum amount of information to as late as possible in the process. The final conversion - which will always effectively represent a &quot;downsampling&quot; - should prevent as much loss as possible.

Once you save it as TIFF, you throw away some of that data irretrievably. When saving in the lossy JPEG format, you get tremendous file size savings, but you've irreversibly thrown away a lot of image data. As long as you have the RAW file, original or otherwise, you have access to all of the image data as captured.

Keyboard equivalence with Photoshop(tm) would help 

&lt;pre&gt;
File
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
New	Ctrl+n	New
Open	Ctrl+o	Open
Close	Ctrl+w	Close
Save	Ctrl+s	Save
Save as	Shift+Ctrl+s	Save as
Revert	F12	Revert
Print	Ctrl+p	Print
Exit	Ctrl+q	Quit
 
Edit
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Undo/Redo (1 level)	Ctrl+z	Undo (Redo is Shift+Ctrl+z)
Cut	Ctrl+x	Cut
Copy	Ctrl+c	Copy
Paste	Ctrl+v	Paste
Paste Into	Shift+Ctrl+v	Paste Into
Fill with FG color	Alt+Backspace	Fill with FG color
Fill with BG color	Control+Backspace	Fill with BG color
 
Image/Colors
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Levels	Ctrl+l	Levels
Auto Contrast	Shift+Ctrl+Alt+l	Stretch Contrast (same?)
Curves	Ctrl+m	Curves
Color Balance	Ctrl+b	Color Balance
Hue/Saturation	Ctrl+u	Hue-Saturation
Desaturate	Shift+Ctrl+u	Desaturate
Invert	Ctrl+i	Invert
Default Colors	d	Default Colors
Switch Colors	x	Switch Colors
 
Layer
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
New Layer	Shift+Ctrl+n	New Layer
Layer via Copy	Ctrl+j	Duplicate Layer
Bring (layer) to Front	Shift+Ctrl+]	Layer to Top
Send (layer) to Back	Shift+Ctrl+[	Layer to Bottom
Bring (layer) Forward	Ctrl+]	Raise Layer
Send (layer) Backward	Ctrl+[	Lower Layer
Select Top Layer	Shift+Alt+]	Select Top Layer
Select Bottom Layer	Shift+Alt+[	Select Bottom Layer
Select One Layer Forward	Alt+]	Select Previous Layer
Select One Layer Backward	Alt+[	Select Next Layer
Merge Down	Ctrl+e	Merge Down
Merge Visible	Shift+Ctrl+e	Merge Visible
Preserve Transparency	/	Keep Transparency
Cycle Modes Forwards	Shift+=	Next Layer Mode
Cycle Modes Backwards	Shift+-	Previous Layer Mode
 
Select
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Select All	Ctrl+a	Select All
Deselect	Ctrl+d	Select None
Inverse	Shift+Ctrl+i	Invert
Feather	Ctrl+Alt+d	Feather
 
View
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Zoom In	Ctrl+=	Zoom In
Zoom Out	Ctrl+-	Zoom Out
Fit on Screen	Ctrl+0	Zoom to Fit Window
Actual Pixels	Ctrl+Alt+0	Zoom 1:1
Show/Hide Extras	Ctrl+h	Toggle Show Selection (close enough?)
Show/Hide Guides	Ctrl+'	Toggle Show Guides
Show/Hide Grid	Ctrl+Alt+'	Toggle Show Grid
Show/Hide Rulers	Ctrl+r	Toggle Show Rulers
Snap	Ctrl+;	Snap to Guides
Scroll View Up	Page Up	Scroll Page Up
Scroll View Down	Page Down	Scroll Page Down
Scroll View Left	Ctrl+Page Up	Scroll Page Left
Scroll View Right	Ctrl+Page Down	Scroll Page Right
 
Window/Dialogs
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
?	F5	Tools Dialog
Color Tab	F6	Colors Dialog
Layers Tab	F7	Layers Dialog
Info Tab	F8	Image Information
 
Tools
PHOTOSHOP         SHORTCUT     GIMP
Move Tool	v	Move Tool
Lasso Tool	l	Free Select Tool
Magic Wand Tool	w	Fuzzy Select Tool
Crop Tool	c	Crop &amp; Resize Tool
Airbrush Tool	j	Airbrush Tool
Paintbrush Tool	b	Paintbrush Tool
Clone Stamp Tool	s	Clone Stamp Tool
Eraser Tool	e	Eraser Tool
Blur Tool	r	Convolve Tool
Dodge Tool	o	DodgeBurn Tool
Type Tool	t	Text Tool
Pen Tool	p	Bezier Select Tool
Eye Dropper Tool	i	Color Picker Tool
Zoom Tool	z	Magnify Tool
Previous Brush	,	Previous Brush
Next Brush	.	Next Brush
First Brush	Shift+&lt;	First Brush
Last Brush	Shift+&gt;	Last Brush
Decrease Brush Size	[	Decrease Brush Size
Increase Brush Size	]	Increase Brush Size
Decrease Brush Hardness	{	Decrease Brush Hardness
Increase Brush Hardness	}	Increase Brush Hardness

Rectangular Marquee Tool	m	Rect Select Tool
Elliptical Marquee Tool	Shift+m	Ellipse Select Tool
Gradient Tool	g	Blend Tool
Paint Bucket Tool	Shift+g	Bucket Fill Tool 

Transform        Alt Cntrl T 


Help
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Help	F1	Help
Context Help	Shift+F1	Context Help
 
Misc.
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Last Filter	Ctrl+f	Repeat Last Filter
?	Shift+Ctrl+f	Reshow Last Filter
Preferences	Ctrl+k	Preferences
Liquify	Shift+Ctrl+x	IWarp (close enough?)
Toggle Quick Mask	q	Toggle Quick Mask
&lt;/pre&gt;


Spotlights - triangle of white opaque shape

Cutting out and/or replacing unwanted background or features - select large areas with the selection option like the Magic Wand tool (aka Color Range) or the Lasso (quick and fast) with feather 2 to soften edge or the pen tool which adds points/lines/Bézier curves (better control but slower), hold down the shift button as you click to add extra points/areas of the subject matter to remove. Increase the tolerance to cover more areas. To subtract from your selection hold down alt as you're clicking. 
* Layer masks are a better way of working than Erase they clip (black hides/hidden white visible/reveal). Clone Stamp can be simulated by   and brushes for other areas. 
* Leave the fine details like hair, fur, etc. to later with lasso and the shift key to draw a line all the way around your subject. Gradient Mapping - Inverse - Mask. i.e. Refine your selected image with edge detection and using the radius and edge options / adjuster (increase/decrease contrast) so that you will capture more fine detail from the background allowing easier removal. 
Remove fringe/halo

saving image as png rather than jpg/jpeg to keep transparency background intact.


Implemented [http://colorizer.org/ colour model representations] [http://paulbourke.net/texture_colour/colourspace/ Mathematical approach] - Photo stills are spatially 2d (h and w), but are colorimetrically 3d (r g and b, or H L S, or Y U V etc.) as well. 
* RGB - split cubed mapped color model for photos and computer graphics hardware using the light spectrum (adding and subtracting) 
* YUV - Y-Lightness U-blue/yellow V-red/cyan (similar to YPbPr and YCbCr) used in the PAL, NTSC, and SECAM composite digital TV color [http://crewofone.com/2012/chroma-subsampling-and-transcoding/#comment-7299 video]


Histograms

White balanced (neutral) if the spike happens in the same place in each channel of the RGB graphs. If not, you're not balanced. 
If you have sky you'll see the blue channel further off to the right.

RGB is best one to change colours. These elements RGB is a 3-channel format containing data for Red, Green, and Blue in your photo scale between 0 and 255. The area in a picture that appears to be brighter/whiter contains more red color as compared to the area which is relatively darker. Similarly in the green channel the area that appears to be darker contains less amount of green color as compared to the area that appears to be brighter.  Similarly in the blue channel the area appears to be darker contains less amount of blue color as compared to the area that appears to be brighter. Brightness luminance histogram also matches the green histogram more than any other color - human eye interprets green better e.g. RGB rough ratio 15/55/30%

RGBA (RGB+A, A means alpha channel) .  The alpha channel is used for &quot;alpha compositing&quot;, which can mostly be associated as &quot;opacity&quot;.  AROS deals in RGB with two digits for every color (red, green, blue), in ARGB you have two additional hex digits for the alpha channel.

The shadows are represented by the left third of the graph.  The highlights are represented by the right third.  And the midtones are, of course, in the middle.  The higher the black peaks in the graph, the more pixels are concentrated in that tonal range (total black area). 
By moving the black endpoint, which identifies the shadows (darkness) and a white light endpoint (brightness) up and down either sides of the graph, colors are adjusted based on these points. 
By dragging the central one, can increased the midtones and control the contrast, raise shadows levels, clip or softly eliminate unsafe levels, alter gamma, etc... in a way that is much more precise and creative .


RGB Curves

* Move left endpoint (black point) up or right endpoint (white point) up brightens 
* Move left endpoint down or right endpoint down darkens

Color Curves

* Dragging up on the Red Curve increases the intensity of the reds in the image but 
* Dragging down on the Red Curve decreases the intensity of the reds and thus increases the apparent intensity of its complimentary color, cyan. Green’s complimentary color is magenta, and blue’s is yellow.
&lt;pre&gt;
 Red &lt;-&gt; Cyan
 Green &lt;-&gt;Magenta
 Blue &lt;-&gt;Yellow 
&lt;/pre&gt;

YUV Best option to analyse and pull out statistical elements of any picture (i.e.  separate luminance data from color data). The line in Y luma tone box represents the brightness of the image with the point in the bottom left been black, and the point in the top right as white.  A low-contrast image has a concentrated clump of values nearer to the center of the graph. By comparison, a high-contrast image has a wider distribution of values across the entire width of the Histogram.   A histogram that is skewed to the right would indicate a picture that is a bit overexposed because most of the color data is on the lighter side (increase exposure with higher value F), while a histogram with the curve on the left shows a picture that is underexposed. This is good information to have when using post-processing software because it shows you not only where the color data exists for a given picture, but also where any data has been clipped (extremes on edges of either side): that is, it does not exist and, therefore, cannot be edited.  By dragging the endpoints of the line and as well as the central one, can increased the dark/shadows, midtones and light/bright parts and control the contrast, raise shadows levels, clip or softly eliminate unsafe levels, alter gamma, etc... in a way that is much more precise and creative .

The U and V chroma parts show color difference components of the image. It’s useful for checking whether or not the overall chroma is too high, and also whether it’s being limited too much
Can be used to create a negative image but also 
With U (Cb), the higher value you are, the more you're on the blue primary color. If you go to the low values then you're on blue complementary color, i.e. yellow.
With V (Cr), this is the same principle but with Red and Cyan.
e.g. If you push U full blue and V full red, you get magenta. If you push U full yellow and V full Cyan then you get green.

YUV simultaneously adds to one side of the color equation while subtracting from the other.  
using YUV to do color correction can be very problematic because each curve alters the result of each other: the mutual influence between U and V often makes things tricky. You may also be careful in what you do to avoid the raise of noise (which happens very easily). Best results are obtained with little adjustments

sunset that looks uninspiring and needs some color pop especially for the rays over the hill, a subtle contrast raise while setting luma values back to the legal range without hard clipping.


====Lunapaint====

Pixel based drawing app with onion-skin animation function

 Blocking, Shading, Coloring, adding detail 

&lt;pre&gt;
b BRUSH
e ERASER

alt eyedropper 
v layer tool 

z ZOOM / MAGNIFY &lt; &gt; n 
spc panning 
m  marque 
q lasso 
w same color selection / region 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
, LM RM
v 
V
f  filter 
F 
.  size 

p 
,  pick color 
[] last / next color 
&lt;/pre&gt;


There is not much missing in Lunapaint to be as good as FlipBook and then you have to take into account that Flipbook is considered to be amongst the best and easiest to use animation software out there. Ok to be honest Flipbook has some nice features that require more heavy work but those aren't so much needed right away, things like camera effects, sound, smart fill, export to different movie file formats etc.

Tried Flipbook with my tablet and compared it to Luna. The feeling is the same when sketching. LunaPaint is very responsive/fluent to draw with. Just as Flipbook is, and that responsiveness is something its users have mentioned as one of the positive sides of said software.

 author was learning MUI. Some parts just have to be rewritten with proper MUI classes before new features can be added.

* add [Frame Add] / [Frame Del]
* whole animation feature is impossible to use. If you draw 2 color maybe but if you start coloring your cells then you get in trouble
* pickup the entire image as a brush, not just a selection ? And consequently remove the brush from memory when one doesn't need it anymore. can pick up a brush and put it onto a new image but cropping isn't possible, nor to load/save brushes.
* Undo is something I longed for ages in Lunapaint.
* to import into the current layer, other types of images (e.g. JPEG) besides RAW64.
* implement graphic tablet features support


**GENERAL DRAWING**

Miss it very much:
UNDO
ERASER
COLORPICKER - has to show on palette too which color got picked.
BACKGROUND COLOR -Possibility to select from &quot;New project screen&quot;

Miss it somewhat:
ICON for UNDO
ICON for ERASER
ICON for CLEAR SCREEN ( What can I say? I start over from scratch very often )
BRUSH - possibility to cut out as brush not just copy off image to brush

**ANIMATING**

Miss it very much:
NUMBER OF CELLS - Possibity to change total no. of cells during project
ANIM BRUSH - Possibility to pick up a selected part of cells into an animbrush

Miss it somewhat:
ADD/REMOVE FRAMES: Add/remove single frame

In general LunaPaint is really well done and it feels like a new DeluxePaint version. It works with my tablet. Sure there's much missing of course but things can always be added over time. So there is great potential in LunaPaint that's for sure. Animations could be made in it and maybe put together in QuickVideo, saving in .gif or .mng etc some day.


LAYERS
-Layers names don't get saved globally in animation frames
-Layers order don't change globally in an animation (perhaps as default?).

EXPORTING IMAGES
-Exporting frames to JPG/PNG gives problems with colors. (wrong colors. See my animatiopn --&gt; My robot was blue now it's &quot;gold&quot; ) I think this only happens if you have layers.
-Trying to flatten the layers before export doesn't work if you have animation frames only the one you have visible will flatten properly all other frames are destroyed. (Only one of the layers are visible on them)
-Exporting images filenames should be for example e.g. file0001, file0002...file0010 instead as of now file1, file2...file10

LOAD/SAVE (Preferences)
-Make a setting for the default &quot;Work&quot; folder.

* Destroyed colors if exported image/frame has layers 
* mystic color cycling of the selected color while stepping frames back/forth (annoying)

&lt;pre&gt;
Deluxe Paint II enhanced key shortcuts 
    NOTE: @ denotes the ALT key

    [Technique]

    F1  - Paint
    F2  - Single Colour
    F3  - Replace
    F4  - Smear
    F5  - Shade
    F6  - Cycle
    F7  - Smooth
     M  - Colour Cycle

    [Brush]

     B  - Restore
     O  - Outline
     h  - Halve brush size
     H  - Double brush size
     x  - Flip brush on X axis
     X  - Double brush size on X axis only
     y  - Flip on Y 
     Y  - Double on Y
     z  - Rotate brush 90 degrees
     Z  - Stretch

    [Stencil]

     `  - Stencil On

    [Miscellaneous]

    F9  - Info Bar
    F10 - Selection Bar
    @o  - Co-Ordinates
    @a  - Anti-alias
    @r  - Colourise
    @t  - Translucent
    TAB - Colour Cycle

    [Picture]

     L  - Load
     S  - Save
     j  - Page to Spare(Flip)
     J  - Page to Spare(Copy)
     V  - View Page
     Q  - Quit

    [General Keys]

     m  - Magnify
     &lt;  - Zoom In
     &gt;  - Zoom Out
     [  - Palette Colour Up
     ]  - Palette Colour Down
     (  - Palette Colour Left
     )  - Palette Colour Right
     ,  - Eye Dropper
     .  - Pixel / Brush Toggle
     /  - Symmetry
     |  - Co-Ordinates
    INS - Perspective Control
    +/- - Brush Size (Fine Control)
     w  - Unfilled Polygon
     W  - Filled Polygon
     e  - Unfilled Ellipse
     E  - Filled Ellipse
     r  - Unfilled Rectangle
     R  - Filled Rectangle
     t  - Type/text tool
     a  - Select Font
    u/U - Undo
     d  - Brush
     D  - Filled Non-Uniform Polygon
    f/F - Fill Options
    g/G - Grid
    h/H - Brush Size (Coarse Control)
     K  - Clear
     c  - Unfilled Circle
     C  - Filled Circle
     v  - Line
     b  - Scissor Select and Toggle
     B  - Brush
    {,} - Toggle between two background colours
&lt;/pre&gt;

====Lodepaint====

Pixel based painting artwork app

====Grafx2====

Pixel based painting artwork app aesprite like 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59Y6OTzNrhk aesprite workflow keys and tablet use], [], 


====Vector Graphics ZuneFIG====

Vector Image Editing of files .svg .ps .eps


*Objects - raise lower rotate flip aligning snapping 
*Path - unify subtract intersect exclude divide 
*Colour - fill stroke 
*Stroke - size 
*Brushes - 
*Layers - 
*Effects - gaussian bevels glows shadows 
*Text    - 
*Transform - 


 AmiFIG ([http://epb.lbl.gov/xfig/frm_introduction.html xfig manual]) 

[[File:MyScreen.png|thumb|left|alt=Showing all Windows open in AmiFIG.|All windows available to AmiFIG.]]

for drawing simple to intermediate vector graphic images for scientific and technical uses and for illustration purposes for those with talent

;Menu options
* Load - fig format but import(s) SVG
* Save - fig format but export(s) eps, ps, pdf, svg and png
* PAN = Ctrl + Arrow keys 
* Deselect all points

There is no selected object until you apply the tool, and the selected object is not highlighted.

;Metrics - to set up page and styles - first window to open on new drawings

;Tools - Drawing Primitives - set Attributes window first before clicking any Tools button(s) 
* Shapes - circles, ellipses, arcs, splines, boxes,  polygon 
* Lines - polylines
* Text &quot;T&quot; button 
* Photos - bitmaps
* Compound - Glue, Break, Scale 
* POINTs - Move, Add, Remove 
* Objects - Move, Copy, Delete, Mirror, Rotate, Paste 
use right mouse button to stop extra lines, shapes being formed and the left mouse to select/deselect tools button(s)
* Rotate - moves in 90 degree turns centered on clicked POINT of a polygon or square

;Attributes which provide change(s) to the above primitives 
* Color
* Line Width
* Line Style
* arrowheads

;Modes 
Choose from freehand, charts, figures, magnet, etc.

;Library - allows .fig clip-art to be stored 
* compound tools to add .fig(s) together

;FIG 3.2 [http://epb.lbl.gov/xfig/fig-format.html Format] as produced by xfig version 3.2.5 
&lt;pre&gt;
Landscape
Center
Inches
Letter 
100.00
Single
-2
1200 2
4 0 0 50 -1 0 12 0.0000 4 135 1050 1050 2475 This is a test.01
&lt;/pre&gt;

# change the text alignment within the textbox. I can choose left, center, or right aligned by either changing the integer in the second column from 0 (left) to 1 or 2 (center, or right). 
# The third integer in the row specifies fontcolor. For instance, 0 is black, but blue is 1 and Green3 is 13.
# The sixth integer in the bottom row specifies fontface. 0 is Times-Roman, but 16 is Helvetica (a MATLAB default).
# The seventh number is fontsize. 12 represents a 12pt fontsize. Changing the fontsize of an item really is as easy as changing that number to 20.
# The next number is the counter-clockwise angle of the text. Notice that I have changed the angle to .7854 (pi/4 rounded to four digits=45 degrees).
# twelfth number is the position according to the standard “x-axis” in Xfig units from the left. Note that 1200 Xfig units is equivalent to once inch.
# thirteenth number is the “y-position” from the top using the same unit convention as before.

* The nested text string is what you entered into the textbox.
* The “01″ present at the end of that line in the .fig file is the closing tag. For instance, a change to \100 appends a @ symbol at the end of the period of that sentence.

; Just to note there are no layers, no 3d functions, no shading, no transparency, no animation


[[#top|...to the top]]

===Audio===


# AHI uses linear panning/balance, which means that in the center, you will get -6dB. If an app uses panning, this is what you will get. Note that apps like Audio Evolution need panning, so they will have this problem.

# When using AHI Hifi modes, mixing is done in 32-bit and sent as 32-bit data to the driver. The Envy24HT driver uses that to output at 24-bit (always).

# For the Envy24/Envy24HT, I've made 16-bit and 24-bit inputs (called Line-in 16-bit, Line-in 24-bit etc.). There is unfortunately no app that can handle 24-bit recording.


====Music Mods====

Digital module (mods) trackers are music creation software using samples and sometimes soundfonts, audio plugins (VST, AU or RTAS), MIDI.

Generally, MODs are similar to MIDI in that they contain note on/off and other sequence messages that control the mod player. Unlike (most) midi files, however, they also contain sound samples that the sequence information actually plays. MOD files can have many channels (classic amiga mods have 4, corresponding to the inbuilt sound channels), but unlike MIDI, each channel can typically play only one note at once. However, since that note might be a sample of a chord, a drumloop or other complex sound, this is not as limiting as it sounds.

Like MIDI, notes will play indefinitely if they're not instructed to end. Most trackers record this information automatically if you play your music in live. If you're using manual note entry, you can enter a note-off command with a keyboard shortcut - usually Caps Lock.

In fact when considering file size MOD is not always the best option. Even a dummy song wastes few kilobytes for nothing when a simple SID tune could be few hundreds bytes and not bigger than 64kB. AHX is another small format, AHX tunes are never larger than 64kB excluding comments.

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXXsZfwgil Protrekkr] (previously aka [w:Juan_Antonio_Arguelles_Rius|NoiseTrekkr])

If Protrekkr does not start, please check if the Unit 0 has been setup in the AHI prefs and still not, go to the directory utilities/protrekkr and double click on the Protrekkr icon

*Sample
*Note - Effect 
*Track (column) - Pattern - Order

It all starts with the Sample which is used to create Note(s) in a Track (column of a tracker) 
The Note can be changed with an Effect.  A Track of Note(s) can be collected into a Pattern (section of a song) and these can be given Order to create the whole song.

Patience (notes have to be entered one at a time) or playing the bassline on a midi controller (faster - see midi section above).  Best approach is to wait until a melody popped into your head.

*Up-tempo means the track should be reasonably fast, but not super-fast. 
*Groovy and funky imply the track should have some sort of &quot;swing&quot; feel, with plenty of syncopation or off beat emphasis and a recognizable, melodic bass line. 
*Sweet and happy mean upbeat melodies, a major key and avoiding harsh sounds.
*Moody - minor key

First, create a quick bass sound, which is basically a sine wave, but can be hand drawn for a little more variance. It could also work for the melody part, too.

This is usually a bass guitar or some kind of synthesizer bass. The bass line is often forgotten by inexperienced composers, but it plays an important role in a musical piece. Together with the rhythm section the bass line forms the groove of a song. It's the glue between the rhythm section and the melodic layer of a song.

The drums are just pink noise samples, played at different frequencies to get a slightly different sound for the kick, snare, and hihats.

Instruments that fall into the rhythm category are bass drums, snares, hi-hats, toms, cymbals, congas, tambourines, shakers, etc. Any percussive instrument can be used to form part of the rhythm section.

The lead is the instrument that plays the main melody, on top of the chords. There are many instruments that can play a lead section, like a guitar, a piano, a saxophone or a flute. The list is almost endless. There is a lot of overlap with instruments that play chords. Often in one piece an instrument serves both roles. The lead melody is often played at a higher pitch than the chords.

Listened back to what was produced so far, and a counter-melody can be imagined, which can be added with a triangle wave.

To give the ends of phrases some life, you can add a solo part with a crunchy synth. By hitting random notes in the key of G, then edited a few of them.

For the climax of the song, filled out the texture with a gentle high-pitch pad… …and a grungy bass synth.


The arrow at A points at the pattern order list. As you see, the patterns don't have to be in numerical order. This song starts with pattern &quot;00&quot;, then pattern &quot;02&quot;, then &quot;03&quot;, then &quot;01&quot;, etcetera. Patterns may be repeated throughout a song.

The B arrow points at the song title. Below it are the global BPM and speed parameters. These determine the tempo of the song, unless the tempo is altered through effect commands during the song.

The C arrow points at the list of instruments. An instrument may consist of multiple samples. Which sample will be played depends on the note. This can be set in the Instrument Editing screen. Most instruments will consist of just one sample, though. The sample list for the selected instrument can be found under arrow D.

Here's a part of the main editing screen. This is where you put in actual notes. Up to 32 channels can be used, meaning 32 sounds can play simultaneously. The first six channels of pattern &quot;03&quot; at order &quot;02&quot; are shown here. The arrow at A points at the row number. The B arrow points at the note to play, in this case a C4. The column pointed at by the C arrow tells us which instrument is associated with that note, in this case instrument #1 &quot;Kick&quot;.

The column at D is used (mainly) for volume commands. In this case it is left empty which means the instrument should play at its default volume. You can see the volume column being used in channel #6.

The E column tells us which effect to use and any parameters for that effect. In this case it holds the &quot;F&quot; effect, which is a tempo command. The &quot;04&quot; means it should play at tempo 4 (a smaller number means faster).

Base pattern

When I create a new track I start with what I call the base pattern. It is worthwhile to spend some time polishing it as a lot of the ideas in the base pattern will be copied and used in other patterns. At least, that's how I work. Every musician will have his own way of working. In &quot;Wild Bunnies&quot; the base pattern is pattern &quot;03&quot; at order &quot;02&quot;.

In the section about selecting samples I talked about the four different categories of instruments: drums, bass, chords and leads. That's also how I usually go about making the base pattern. I start by making a drum pattern, then add a bass line, place some chords and top it off with a lead. This forms the base pattern from which the rest of the song will grow.


Drums

Here's a screenshot of the first four rows of the base pattern. I usually reserve the first four channels or so for the drum instruments. Right away there are a couple of tricks shown here. In the first channel the kick, or bass drum, plays some notes. Note the alternating F04 and F02 commands. The &quot;F&quot; command alters the tempo of the song and by quickly alternating the tempo; the song will get some kind of &quot;swing&quot; feel.

In the second channel the closed hi-hat plays a fairly simple pattern. Further down in the channel, not shown here, some open hi-hat notes are added for a bit of variation.

In the third and fourth channel the snare sample plays. The &quot;8&quot; command is for panning. One note is panned hard to the left and the other hard to the right. One sample is played a semitone lower than the other. This results in a cool flanging effect. It makes the snare stand out a little more in the mix.


Bass line

There are two different instruments used for the bass line. Instrument #6 is a pretty standard synthesized bass sound. Instrument #A sounds a bit like a slap bass when used with a quick fade out. By using two different instruments the bass line sounds a bit more ”human”. The volume command is used to cut off the notes. However, it is never set to zero. Setting the volume to a very small value will result in a reverb-like effect. This makes the song sound more &quot;live&quot;.

The bass line hints at the chords that will be played and the key the song will be in. In this case the key of the song is D-major, a positive and happy key.


Chords

The D major chords that are being played here are chords stabs; short sounds with a quick decay (fade out). Two different instruments (#8 and #9) are used to form the chords. These instruments are quite similar, but have a slightly different sound, panning and volume decay. Again, the reason for this is to make the sound more human. The volume command is used on some chords to simulate a delay, to achieve more of a live feel. The chords are placed off-beat making for a funky rhythm.


Lead

Finally the lead melody is added. The other instruments are invaluable in holding the track together, but the lead melody is usually what catches people's attention.

A lot of notes and commands are used here, but it looks more complex than it is. A stepwise ascending melody plays in channel 13. Channel 14 and 15 copy this melody, but play it a few rows later at a lower volume. This creates an echo effect. A bit of panning is used on the notes to create some stereo depth. Like with the bass line, instead of cutting off notes the volume is set to low values for a reverb effect. The &quot;461&quot; effect adds a little vibrato to the note, which sounds nice on sustained notes.

Those paying close attention may notice the instrument used here for the lead melody is the same as the one used for the bass line (#6 &quot;Square&quot;), except played two or three octaves higher. This instrument is a looped square wave sample. Each type of wave has its own quirks, but the square wave (shown below) is a really versatile wave form.

Song structure

Good, catchy songs are often carefully structured into sections, some of which are repeated throughout the song with small variations.

A typical pop-song structure is: Intro - Verse - Chorus - Verse - Chorus - Bridge - Chorus.

Other single sectional song structures are

&lt;pre&gt;
Strophic or AAA Song Form - oldest story telling with refrain (often title of the song) repeated in every verse section melody 
AABA Song Form - early popular, jazz and gospel fading during the 1960s 
AB or Verse/Chorus Song Form - songwriting format of choice for modern popular music since the 1960s 
Verse/Chorus/Bridge Song Form
ABAB Song Form
ABAC Song Form
ABCD Song Form
AAB 12-Bar Song Form - three four-bar lines or sub-sections 
8-Bar Song Form
16-Bar Song Form
Hybrid / Compound Song Forms
&lt;/pre&gt;

The most common building blocks are:

#INTRODUCTION(INTRO)
#VERSE
#REFRAIN
#PRE-CHORUS / RISE / CLIMB
#CHORUS
#BRIDGE
#MIDDLE EIGHT
#SOLO / INSTRUMENTAL BREAK
#COLLISION
#CODA / OUTRO
#AD LIB (OFTEN IN CODA / OUTRO)

The chorus usually has more energy than the verse and often has a memorable melody line. As the chorus is repeated the most often during the song, it will be the part that people will remember.

The bridge often marks a change of direction in the song. It is not uncommon to change keys in the bridge, or at least to use a different chord sequence. The bridge is used to build up tension towards the big finale, the last repetition of chorus.


 Playing

RCTRL:                           Play song from row 0.

LSHIFT + RCTRL:                  Play song from current row.

RALT:                            Play pattern from row 0.

LSHIFT + RALT:                   Play pattern from current row.

Left mouse on '&gt;':               Play song from row 0.

Right mouse on '&gt;':              Play song from current row.

Left mouse on '|&gt;':              Play pattern from row 0.

Right mouse on '|&gt;':             Play pattern from current row.

Left mouse on 'Edit/Record':     Edit mode on/off.

Right mouse on 'Edit/Record':    Record mode on/off.


 Editing 


LSHIFT + ESCAPE:                 Switch large patterns view on/off

TAB:                    Go to next track

LSHIFT + TAB:                    Go to prev. track

LCTRL + TAB:                    Go to next note in track

LCTRL + LSHIFT + TAB:           Go to prev. note in track

SPACE:                           Toggle Edit mode On &amp; Off

(Also stop if the song is being played)

SHIFT SPACE:                     Toggle Record mode On &amp; Off

(Wait for a key note to be pressed

or a midi in message to be received)

DOWN ARROW:                      1 Line down

UP ARROW:                        1 Line up

LEFT ARROW:                      1 Row left

RIGHT ARROW:                     1 Row right

PREV. PAGE:                      16 Arrows Up

NEXT PAGE:                       16 Arrows Down

HOME / END:                      Top left / Bottom right of pattern

LCTRL + HOME / END:              First / last track

F5, F6, F7, F8, F9:              Jump to 0, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 4/4 lines of the patterns

+ - (Numeric keypad):           Next / Previous pattern

LCTRL + LEFT / RIGHT:           Next / Previous pattern

LCTRL + LALT + LEFT / RIGHT:    Next / Previous position

LALT + LEFT / RIGHT:           Next / Previous instrument

LSHIFT + M:                      Toggle mute state of the current channel

LCTRL + LSHIFT + M:             Solo the current track / Unmute all

LSHIFT + F1 to F11:              Select a tab/panel

LCTRL + 1 to 4:                 Select a copy buffer


 Tracking 

1st and 2nd keys rows:           Upper octave row

3rd and 4th keys rows:           Lower octave row

RSHIFT:                          Insert a note off

/ and * (Numeric keypad)

or F1 F2:                        -1 or +1 octave

INSERT / BACKSPACE:              Insert or Delete a line in current track

or current selected block.

LSHIFT + INSERT / BACKSPACE:     Insert or Delete a line in current pattern

DELETE (NOT BACKSPACE):          Empty a column or a selected block.


 Blocks

(Blocks can also be selected with the mouse by holding the right button and scrolling the pattern with the mouse wheel).


LCTRL + A:          Select entire current track

LCTRL + LSHIFT + A: Select entire current pattern

LALT + A:          Select entire column note in a track

LALT + LSHIFT + A: Select all notes of a track

LCTRL + X:          Cut the selected block and copy it into the block-buffer

LCTRL + C:          Copy the selected block into the block-buffer

LCTRL + V:          Paste the data from the block buffer into the pattern

LCTRL + I:          Interpolate selected data from the first to the last row of a selection

LSHIFT + ARROWS

PREV. PAGE

NEXT PAGE: Select a block

LCTRL + R:          Randomize the select columns of a selection, works similar to CTRL + I (interpolating them)

LCTRL + U:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote higher

LCTRL + D:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote lower

LCTRL + LSHIFT + U: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote higher (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + LSHIFT + D: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote lower  (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + H:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave higher

LCTRL + L:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave lower

LCTRL + LSHIFT + H: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave higher (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + LSHIFT + L: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave lower (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + W:          Save the current selection into a file


 Misc 


LALT + ENTER:     Switch between full screen / windowed mode

LALT + F4:        Exit program (Windows only)

LCTRL + S:         Save current module

LSHIFT + S:         Switch top right panel to synths list

LSHIFT + I:         Switch top right panel to instruments list


&lt;pre&gt;
C-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Volume 
B-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Jump to 
A#x  xh xx xx hhhh hhhh   Slide 
F-x    xh xx xx hhhh            Tempo 
D-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Pattern Break 
G#x  xh xx xx hhhh
&lt;/pre&gt;

h Hex 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13

d Dec 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10  11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

The Set Volume command: C. Input a note, then move the cursor to the effects command column and type a C. Play the pattern, and you shouldn't be able to hear the note you placed the C by. This is because the effect parameters are 00. Change the two zeros to a 40(Hex)/64(Dec), depending on what your tracker uses. Play back the pattern again, and the note should come in at full volume.

The Position Jump command next. This is just a B followed by the position in the playing list that you want to jump to. One thing to remember is that the playing list always starts at 0, not 1. This command is usually in Hex.

Onto the volume slide command: A. This is slightly more complex (much more if you're using a newer tracker, if you want to achieve the results here, then set slides to Amiga, not linear), due to the fact it depends on the secondary tempo. For now set a secondary tempo of 06 (you can play around later), load a long or looped sample and input a note or two. A few rows after a note type in the effect command A. For the parameters use 0F. Play back the pattern, and you should notice that when the effect kicks in, the sample drops to a very low volume very quickly. Change the effect parameters to F0, and use a low volume command on the note. Play back the pattern, and when the slide kicks in the volume of the note should increase very quickly.
This because each part of the effect parameters for command A does a different thing. The first number slides the volume up, and the second slides it down. It's not recommended that you use both a volume up and volume down at the same time, due to the fact the tracker only looks for the first number that isn't set to 0. If you specify parameters of 8F, the tracker will see the 8, ignore the F, and slide the volume up. Using a slide up and down at same time just makes you look stupid. Don't do it...

The Set Tempo command: F, is pretty easy to understand. You simply specify the BPM (in Hex) that you want to change to. One important thing to note is that values of lower than 20 (Hex) sets the secondary tempo rather than the primary.

Another useful command is the Pattern Break: D. This will stop the playing of the current pattern and skip to the next one in the playing list. By using parameters of more than 00 you can also specify which line to begin playing from.

Command 3 is Portamento to Note. This slides the currently playing note to another note, at a specified speed. The slide then stops when it reaches the desired note. 
&lt;pre&gt;
   C-2 1 000 - Starts the note playing
   ---      000
   C-3    330 - Starts the slide to C-3 at a speed of 30.
   ---     300 - Continues the slide
   ---     300 - Continues the slide
&lt;/pre&gt;
Once the parameters have been set, the command can be input again without any parameters, and it'll still perform the same function unless you change the parameters. This memory function allows certain commands to function correctly, such as command 5, which is the Portamento to Note and Volume Slide command. Once command 3 has been set up command 5 will simply take the parameters from that and perform a Portamento to Note. Any parameters set up for command 5 itself simply perform a Volume Slide identical to command A at the same time as the Portamento to Note.

This memory function will only operate in the same channel where the original parameters were set up.
There are various other commands which perform two functions at once. They will be described as we come across them.

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  02

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  05

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  08

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  0A

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  0D

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  10 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  10

(You can also switch on the Slider Rec to On, and perform parameter-live-recording, such as cutoff transitions, resonance or panning tweaking, etc..)  Note: this command only works for volume/panning and fx datas columns.


The next command we'll look at is the Portamento up/down: 1 and 2. Command 1 slides the pitch up at a specified speed, and 2 slides it down. This command works in a similar way to the volume slide, in that it is dependent on the secondary tempo. Both these commands have a memory dependent on each other, if you set the slide to a speed of 3 with the 1 command, a 2 command with no parameters will use the speed of 3 from the 1 command, and vice versa.

Command 4 is Vibrato. Vibrato is basically rapid changes in pitch, just try it, and you'll see what I mean. Parameters are in the format of xy, where x is the speed of the slide, and y is the depth of the slide. One important point to remember is to keep your vibratos subtle and natural so a depth of 3 or less and a reasonably fast speed, around 8, is usually used. Setting the depth too high can make the part sound out of tune from the rest.
Following on from command 4 is command 6. This is the Vibrato and Volume Slide command, and it has a memory like command 5, which you already know how to use.

Command 7 is Tremolo. This is similar to vibrato. Rather than changing the pitch it slides the volume. The effect parameters are in exactly the same format.   vibrato effect (0x1dxy) x = speed y = depth (can't be used if arpeggio (0x1b) is turned on) 

&lt;pre&gt;
 C-7 00 .. .. 1B37 &lt;-  Turn Arpeggio effect on
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 1B38 &lt;- Change datas
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 1B00 &lt;- Turn it off
&lt;/pre&gt;

Command 9 is Sample Offset. This starts the playback of the sample from a different place than the start. The effect parameters specify the sample offset, but only very roughly. Say you have a sample which is 8765(Hex) bytes long, and you wanted it to play from position 4321(Hex). The effect parameter could only be as accurate as the 43 part, and it would ignore the 21.

Command B is the Playing List/Order Jump command. The parameters specify the position in the Playing List/Order to jump to. When used in conjunction with command D you can specify the position and the line to play from.

Command E is pretty complex, as it is used for a lot of different things, depending on what the first parameter is. Let's take a trip through each effect in order.
Command E0 controls the hardware filter on an Amiga, which, as a low pass filter, cuts off the highest frequencies being played back. There are very few players and trackers on other system that simulate this function, not that you should need to use it. The second parameter, if set to 1, turns on the filter. If set to 0, the filter gets turned off.

Commands E1/E2 are Fine Portamento Up/Down. Exactly the same functions as commands 1/2, except that they only slide the pitch by a very small amount. These commands have a memory the same as 1/2 as well.

Command E3 sets the Glissando control. If parameters are set to 1 then when using command 3, any sliding will only use the notes in between the original note and the note being slid to. This produces a somewhat jumpier slide than usual. The best way to understand is to try it out for yourself. Produce a slow slide with command 3, listen to it, and then try using E31.

Command E4 is the Set Vibrato Waveform control. This command controls how the vibrato command slides the pitch. Parameters are 0 - Sine, 1 - Ramp Down (Saw), 2 - Square. By adding 4 to the parameters, the waveform will not be restarted when a new note is played e.g. 5 - Sine without restart.

Command E5 sets the Fine Tune of the instrument being played, but only for the particular note being played. It will override the default Fine Tune for the instrument. The parameters range from 0 to F, with 0 being -8 and F being +8 Fine Tune. A parameter of 8 gives no Fine Tune. If you're using a newer tracker that supports more than -8 to +8 e.g. -128 to +128, these parameters will give a rough Fine Tune, accurate to the nearest 16.

Command E6 is the Jump Loop command. You mark the beginning of the part of a pattern that you want to loop with E60, and then specify with E6x the end of the loop, where x is the number of times you want it to loop.

Command E7 is the Set Tremolo Waveform control. This has exactly the same parameters as command E4, except that it works for Tremolo rather than Vibrato.

Command E9 is for Retriggering the note quickly. The parameter specifies the interval between the retrigs. Use a value of less than the current secondary tempo, or else the note will not get retrigged.

Command EA/B are for Fine Volume Slide Up/Down. Much the same as the normal Volume Slides, except that these are easier to control since they don't depend on the secondary tempo. The parameters specify the amount to slide by e.g. if you have a sample playing at a volume of 08 (Hex) then the effect EA1 will slide this volume to 09 (Hex). A subsequent effect of EB4 would slide this volume down to 05 (Hex).

Command EC is the Note Cut. This sets the volume of the currently playing note to 0 at a specified tick. The parameters should be lower than the secondary tempo or else the effect won't work.

Command ED is the Note Delay. This should be used at the same time as a note is to be played, and the parameters will specify the number of ticks to delay playing the note. Again, keep the parameters lower than the secondary tempo, or the note won't get played!

Command EE is the Pattern Delay. This delays the pattern for the amount of time it would take to play a certain number of rows. The parameters specify how many rows to delay for.

Command EF is the Funk Repeat command. Set the sample loop to 0-1000. When EFx is used, the loop will be moved to 1000- 2000, then to 2000-3000 etc. After 9000-10000 the loop is set back to 0- 1000. The speed of the loop &quot;movement&quot; is defined by x. E is two times as slow as F, D is three times as slow as F etc. EF0 will turn the Funk Repeat off and reset the loop (to 0-1000).

effects 0x41 and 0x42 to control the volumes of the 2 303 units

There is a dedicated panel for synth parameter editing with coherent sections (osc, filter modulation, routing, so on) the interface is much nicer, much better to navigate with customizable colors, the reverb is now customizable (10 delay lines), It accepts newer types of Waves (higher bit rates, at least 24). Has a replay routine.

It's pretty much your basic VA synth. The problem isn't with the sampler being to high it's the synth is tuned two octaves too low, but if you want your samples tuned down just set the base note down 2 octaves (in the instrument panel).

so the synth is basically divided into 3 sections from left to right: oscillators/envelopes, then filter and LFO's, and in the right column you have mod routings and global settings.

for the oscillator section you have two normal oscillators (sine, saw, square, noise), the second of which is tunable, the first one tunes with the key pressed. Attached to OSC 1 is a sub-oscillator, which is a sawtooth wave tuned one octave down. The phase modulation controls the point in the duty cycle at which the oscillator starts. The ADSR envelope sliders (grouped with oscs) are for modulation envelope 1 and 2 respectively. you can use the synth as a sampler by choosing the instrument at the top.

In the filter column, the filter settings are: 1 = lowpass, 2 = highpass, 3 = off. cutoff and resonance. For the LFOs they are LFO 1 and LFO 2, the ADSR sliders in those are for the LFO itself.

For the modulation routings you have ENV 1, LFO 1 for the first slider and ENV 2, LFO 2 for the second, you can cycle through the individual routings there, and you can route each modulation source to multiple destinations of course, which is another big plus for this synth. Finally the glide time is for portamento and master volume, well, the master volume... it can go quite loud.

The sequencer is changed too, It's more like the one in AXS if you've used that, where you can mute tracks to re-use patterns with variation.


&lt;pre&gt;
Support for the following modules formats:
669 (Composer 669, Unis 669), 
AMF (DSMI Advanced Module Format), 
AMF (ASYLUM Music Format V1.0), 
APUN (APlayer), DSM (DSIK internal format), 
FAR (Farandole Composer), 
GDM (General DigiMusic), 
IT (Impulse Tracker), 
IMF (Imago Orpheus), 
MOD (15 and 31 instruments), 
MED (OctaMED), 
MTM (MultiTracker Module editor), 
OKT (Amiga Oktalyzer), 
S3M (Scream Tracker 3), 
STM (Scream Tracker), 
STX (Scream Tracker Music Interface Kit), 
ULT (UltraTracker), 
UNI (MikMod), 
XM (FastTracker 2),
Mid (midi format via timidity)
&lt;/pre&gt;


Possible plugin options include [http://lv2plug.in/ LV2],


====Midi - Musical Instrument Digital Interface====

A midi file typically contains music that plays on up to 16 channels (as per the midi standard), but many notes can simultaneously play on each channel (depending on the limit of the midi hardware playing it).

'''Timidity'''

Although usually already installed, you can uncompress the [http://www.libsdl.org/projects/SDL_mixer/ timidity.tar.gz (14MB)] into a suitable drawer like below's SYS:Extras/Audio/ 
 assign timidity: SYS:Extras/Audio/timidity
added to SYSːs/User-Startup

'''WildMidi playback'''


'''Audio Evolution 4 (2003) 4.0.23 (from 2012)'''


*Sync Menu    - CAMD Receive, Send checked 
*Options Menu - MIDI Machine Control - Midi Bar Display - Select CAMD MIDI in / out - Midi Remote Setup 


MCB Master Control Bus 
*Sending a MIDI start-command and a Song Position Pointer, you can synchronize audio with an external MIDI sequencer (like B&amp;P). 
*B&amp;P Receive, start AE, add AudioEvolution.ptool in Bars&amp;Pipes track, press play / record in AE then press play in Pipes 
*CAMD Receive, receive MIDI start or continue commands via camd.library sync to AE 


*MIDI Machine Control
*Midi Bar Display 
*Select CAMD MIDI in / out
*Midi Remote Setup - open requester for external MIDI controllers to control app mixer and transport controls cc remotely 
 Channel   - mixer(vol, pan, mute, solo), eq, aux, fx, 
 Subgroup  - Volume, Mute, Solo 
 Transport - Start, End, Play, Stop, Record, Rewind, Forward 
 Misc      - Master vol., Bank Down, Bank up 


&lt;pre&gt;
q        - quit 

First 3 already opened when AE started 
F1       - timeline window
F2       - mixer 
F3       - control 
F4       - subgroups 
F5       - aux returns 
F6       - sample list 

i        - Load sample to use 

space    - start/stop play 
b        - reset time 0:00


s        - split mode 
r        - open recording window 
a        - automation edit mode with p panning, m mute and v volume 


[ / ]    - zoom in / out 
:        - previous track
*        - next track 

x c v f  - cut copy paste cross-fade 
g        - snap grid 


&lt;/pre&gt;


 '''[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars n Pipes sequencer]'''

 BarsnPipes debug ... in shell 

Menu (right mouse)  
*Song        - Songs load and save in .song format but option here to load/save Midi_Files .mid in FORMAT0 or FORMAT1 
*Track       - 
*Edit        -
*Tool        - 
*Timing      - SMTPE Synchronizing 
*Windows     - 
*Preferences - Multiple MIDI-in option 

Windows (some of these are usually already opened when Bars n Pipes starts up for the first time) 
*Workflow -&gt; Tracks, .... Song Construction, Time-line Scoring, Media Madness, Mix Maestro, 
*Control  -&gt; Transport (or mini one), Windows (which collects all the Windows icons together-shortcut), .... Toolbox, Accessories, Metronome, 

Once you have your windows placed on the screen that suits your workflow, Song -&gt; Save as Default will save the positions, colors, icons, etc as you'd like them 

If you need a particular setup of Tracks, Tools, Tempos etc, you save them all as a new song you can load each time 

Right mouse menu -&gt; Preferences -&gt; Environment... -&gt; ScreenMode  - Linkages for Synch (to Slave) usbmidi.out.0 and Send (Master) usbmidi.in.0 - Clock MTC 


'''Tracks'''

#Double-click on B&amp;P's icon. B&amp;P will then open with an empty Song. You can also double-click on a song icon to open a song in B&amp;P.
#Choose a track. The B&amp;P screen will contain a Tracks Window with a number of tracks shown as pipelines (Track 1, Track 2, etc...). To choose a track, simply click on the gray box to show an arrow-icon to highlight it. This icon show whether a track is chosen or not. To the right of the arrow-icon, you can see the icon for the midi-input. If you double-click on this icon you can change the MIDI-in setup.
#Choose Record for the track. To the right of the MIDI-input channel icon you can see a pipe. This leads to another clickable icon with that shows either P, R or M. This stands for Play, Record or Merge. To change the icon, simply click on it. If you choose P, this track can only play the track (you can't record anything). If you choose R, you can record what you play and it overwrites old stuff in the track. If you choose M, you merge new records with old stuff in the track. Choose R now to be able to make a record.
#Chose MIDI-channel. On the most right part of the track you can see an icon with a number in it. This is the MIDI-channel selector. Here you must choose a MIDI-channel that is available on your synthesizer/keyboard. If you choose General MIDI channel 10, most synthesizer will play drum sounds. To the left of this icon is the MIDI-output icon. Double-click on this icon to change the MIDI-output configuration.
#Start recording. The next step is to start recording. You must then find the control buttons (they look like buttons on a CD-player). To be able to make a record. you must click on the R icon. You can simply now press the play button (after you have pressed the R button) and play something on you keyboard. To playback your composition, press the Play button on the control panel.
#Edit track. To edit a track, you simply double click in the middle part of a track. You will then get a new window containing the track, where you can change what you have recorded using tools provided. Take also a look in the drop-down menus for more features.


Videos to help understand [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6gVTX-9900 small intro], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abq_rUTiSA4&amp;t=3s Overview], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ixOVutKsYQo Workplace Setup CC PC Sysex], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDnJLYPaZTs Import Song], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BC3kkzPLkv4 Tempo Mapping], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sd23kqMYPDs ptool Arpeggi-8], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDJq-YxgwQg  PlayMidi Song], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DY9Pu5P9TaU Amiga Midi], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abq_rUTiSA4 Learning Amiga bars and Pipes], 

Groups like [https://groups.io/g/barsnpipes/topics this] could help 


'''Tracks window'''

* blue &quot;1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Group&quot; and transport tape deck VCR-type controls
* Flags 
* [http://theproblem.alco-rhythm.com/org/bp.html Track 1, Track2, to Track 16, on each Track there are many options that can be activated] 

Each Track has a 

*Left LHS  - Click in grey box to select what Track to work on, Midi-In ptool icon should be here (5pin plug icon), and many more from the Toolbox on the Input Pipeline 
*Middle    - (P, R, M) Play, Record, Merge/Multi before the sequencer line and a blue/red/yellow (Thru Mute Play) Tap 
*Right RHS - Output pipeline, can have icons placed uopn it with the final ptool icon(s) being the 5pin icon symbol for Midi-OUT 

Clogged pipelines may need Esc pressed several times 


'''Toolbox (tools affect the chosen pipeline)'''

After opening the Toolbox window you can add extra Tools (.ptool) for the pipelines like keyboard(virtual), midimonitor, quick patch, transpose, triad, (un)quantize, feedback in/out, velocity etc
 right mouse -&gt; Toolbox menu option -&gt; Install Tool... and navigate to Tool drawer (folder) and select requried .ptool 

Accompany B tool to get some sort of rythmic accompaniment, Rythm Section and Groove Quantize are examples of other tools that make use of rythms
[https://aminet.net/search?query=bars Bars &amp; Pipes pattern format .ptrn] for drawer (folder). Load from the Menu as Track or Group 


'''Accessories (affect the whole app)''' 

Accessories -&gt; Install... and goto the Accessories drawer for .paccess like adding ARexx scripting support 


'''Song Construction'''
&lt;pre&gt;
F1  Pencil
F2  Magic Wand
F3  Hand 
F4  Duplicator 
F5  Eraser 
F6  Toolpad 
F7  Bounding box 
F8  Lock to A-B-A 

A-B-A strip, section, edit flags, white boxes, 

&lt;/pre&gt;


Bars&amp;Pipes Professional offers three track formats; basic song tracks, linear tracks — which don't loop — and finally real‑time tracks. The difference between them is that both song and linear tracks respond to tempo changes, while real‑time tracks use absolute timing, always trigger at the same instant regardless of tempo alterations 

'''Tempo Map'''

F1  Pencil
F2  Magic Wand
F3  Hand 
F4  Eraser 
F5  Curve 
F6  Toolpad 


Compositions

Lyrics, Key, Rhythm, Time Signature 

'''Master Parameters'''

Key, Scale/Mode

'''Track Parameters'''

Dynamics 


'''Time-line Scoring'''


'''Media Madness'''


'''Mix Maestro'''


*ACCESSORIES         Allows the importation of other packages and additional modules 
*CLIPBOARD           Full cut, copy and paste operations, enabling user‑definable clips to be shared between tracks.
*INFORMATION         A complete rundown on the state of the current production and your machine.
*MASTER PARAMETERS   Enables global definition of time signatures, lyrics, scales, chords, dynamics and rhythm changes.
*MEDIA MADNESS       A complete multimedia sequencer which allows samples, stills, animation, etc 
*METRONOME           Tempo feedback via MIDI, internal Amiga audio and colour cycling — all three can be mixed and matched as required.
*MIX MAESTRO         Completely automated mixdown with control for both volume and pan. All fader alterations are memorised by the software 
*RECORD ACTIVATION   Complete specification of the data to be recorded/merged. Allows overdubbing of pitch‑bend, program changes, modulation etc
*SET FLAGS           Numeric positioning of location and edit flags in either SMPTE or musical time 
*SONG CONSTRUCTION   Large‑scale cut and paste of individual measures, verses or chorus, by means of bounding box and drag‑n‑drop mouse selections
*TEMPO MAP           Tempo change using a variety of linear and non‑linear transition curves 
*TEMPO PALETTE       Instant tempo changes courtesy of four user‑definable settings.
*TIMELINE SCORING    Sequencing of a selection of songs over a defined period — ideal for planning an entire set for a live performance.
*TOOLBOX             Selection screen for the hundreds of signal‑processing tools available 
*TRACKS              Opens the main track window to enable recording, editing and the use of tools.
*TRANSPORT           Main playback control window, which also provides access to user‑ defined flags, loop and punch‑in record modes.


Bars and Pipes Pro 2.5 is using internal 4-Byte IDs, to check which kind of data are currently processed.
Especially in all its files the IDs play an important role. The IDs are stored into the file in the same order they are laid out in the memory.

In a Bars 'N' Pipes file (no matter which kind) the ID &quot;NAME&quot; (saved as its ANSI-values) is stored on a big endian system (68k-computer) as &quot;NAME&quot;. On a little endian system (x86 PC computer) as &quot;EMAN&quot;.  The target is to make the AROS-BnP compatible to songs, which were stored on a 68k computer (AMIGA).

If possible, setting MIDI channels for Local Control for your keyboard 

http://www.fromwithin.com/liquidmidi/archive.shtml


MIDI files are essentially a stream of event data. An event can be many things, but typically &quot;note on&quot;, &quot;note off&quot;, &quot;program change&quot;, &quot;controller change&quot;, or messages that instruct a MIDI compatible synth how to play a given bit of music.

* Channel     - 1 to 16 -
* Messages    - PC presets, CC effects like delays, reverbs,  etc 
* Sequencing  - MIDI instruments, Drums, Sound design, 
* Recording   - 
* GUI         - Piano roll or Tracker, Staves and Notes 

MIDI events/messages like step entry e.g. Note On, Note Off 

MIDI events/messages like PB, PC, CC, Mono and Poly After-Touch, Sysex, etc 

MIDI sync - Midi Clocks (SPS Measures), Midi Time Code (h, m, s and frames) SMPTE 

Individual track editing with audition edits so easier to test any changes. Possible to stop track playback, mix clips from the right edit flag and scroll the display using arrow keys. 

Step entry, to extend a selected note hit the space bar and the note grows accordingly. Ability to cancel mouse‑driven edits by simply clicking the right mouse button — at which point everything snaps back into its original form. Lyrics can now be put in with syllable dividers, even across an entire measure or section. Autoranging when you open a edit window, the notes are automatically displayed — working from the lowest upwards. 

Flag editing, shift‑click on a flag immediately open the bounds window, ready for numeric input. Ability to cancel edits using the right‑hand mouse button, plus much improved Bounding Box operations.

Icons other than the BarsnPipes icon -&gt; PUBSCREEN=BarsnPipes (cannot choose modes higher than 8bit 256 colors)

Preferences -&gt; Menu in Tracks window - Send MIDI defaults OFF 

Prefs -&gt; Environment -&gt; screenmode (saved to BarsnPipes.prefs binary file) 

Customization -&gt; pics in gui drawer (folder) - 


Can save as .song files and .mid General Midi 

SMF is a “Standard Midi File”  ([http://www.music.mcgill.ca/~ich/classes/mumt306/StandardMIDIfileformat.html SMF0, SMF1 and SMF2]), [https://github.com/stump/libsmf libsmf], [https://github.com/markc/midicomp MIDIcomp], [https://github.com/MajicDesigns/MD_MIDIFile C++ src], [], [https://github.com/newdigate/midi-smf-reader Midi player], 

* SMF0        All MIDI data is stored in one track only, separated exclusively by the MIDI channel.
* SMF1        The MIDI data is stored in separate tracks/channels.
* SMF2 (rarely used) The MIDI data is stored in separate tracks, which are additionally wrapped in containers, so it's possible to have e.g. several tracks using the same MIDI channels.


Would it be possible to enrich Bars N’Pipes with software synth and sample support along with audio recording and mastering tools like in the named MAC or PC music sequencers?
On the classic AMIGA-OS this is not possible because of missing CPU-power. The hardware of the classic AMIGA is not further developed. So we must say (unfortunately) that those dreams can’t become reality

BarsnPipes is best used with external MIDI-equipment. This can be a keyboard or synthesizer with MIDI-connectors. 

&lt;pre&gt;
MIDI can control 16 channels 
There are USB-MIDI-Interfaces on the market with 16 independent MIDI-lines (multi-port), which can handle 16 MIDI devices independently – 16×16 = 256 independent MIDI-channels or instruments 
handle up to 16 different USB-MIDI-Interfaces (multi-device). That is: 16X16X16 = 4096 independent MIDI-channels – theoretically 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Librarian MIDI SYStem EXplorer (sysex) - PatchEditor and used to be supplied as a separate program like PatchMeister but currently not at present 
It should support MIDI.library (PD), BlueRibbon.library (B&amp;P), TriplePlayPlus, and CAMD.library (DeluxeMusic) and 
MIDI information from a device's user manual and configure a custom interface to access parameters for all MIDI products connected to the system 
Supports ALL MIDI events and the Patch/Librarian data is stored in MIDI standard format 
Annette M.Crowling, Missing Link Software, Inc.
&lt;/pre&gt;


Composers
&lt;pre&gt;
[https://x.com/hirasawa/status/1403686519899054086 Susumu Hirasawa] 

&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
1988 Todor Fay and his wife Melissa Jordan Gray, who founded the Blue Ribbon Inc
1992 Bars&amp;Pipes Pro published 
November 2000, Todor Fay announcement to release the sourcecode of Bars&amp;Pipes Pro 2.5c beta
end of May 2001, the source of the main program and the sources of some tools and accessories were in a complete and compileable state 
end of October 2009 stop further development of BarsnPipes New for now on all supported systems and made freeware 
2013 Alfred Faust diagnosed with incureable illness, called „Myastenia gravis“ (weak muscles) 
&lt;/pre&gt;


 Protrekkr

How to use Midi In/Out in Protrekkr ?

First of all, midi in &amp; out capabilities of this program are rather limited.

# Go to Misc. Setup section and select a midi in or out device to use (ptk only supports one device at a time).
# Go to instrument section, and select a MIDI PRG (the default is N/A, which means no midi program selected).
# Go to track section and here you can assign a midi channel to each track of ptk.
# Play notes :]. Note off works. F'x' note cut command also works too, and note-volume command (speed) is supported.

Also, you can change midicontrollers in the tracker, using '90' in the panning row:

&lt;pre&gt;
    C-3 02 .. .. 0000....


    --- .. .. 90 xxyy.... &lt;&lt; This will set the value 
    --- .. .. .. 0000....    of the controller n.'xx' to 'yy' (both in hex)
    --- .. .. .. 0000....
&lt;/pre&gt;

So &quot;--- .. .. 90 2040....&quot; will set the controller number $20(32) to $40(64).

You will need the midi implementation table of your gear to know what you can change with midi controller messages.

 N.B. Not all MIDI devices are created equal!

Although the MIDI specification defines a large range of MIDI messages of various kinds, not every MIDI device is required to work in exactly the same way and respond to all the available messages and ways of working. For example, we don't expect a wind synthesiser to work in the same way as a home keyboard.

Some devices, the older ones perhaps, are only able to respond to a single channel. With some of those devices that channel can be altered from the default of 1 (probably) to another channel of the 16 possible.

Other devices, for instance monophonic synthesisers, are capable of producing just one note at a time, on one MIDI channel. Others can produce many notes spread across many channels.

Further devices can respond to, and transmit, &quot;breath controller&quot; data (MIDI controller number 2 (CC#2)) others may respond to the reception of CC#2 but not be able to create and to send it.

A controller keyboard may be capable of sending &quot;expression pedal&quot; data, but another device may not be capable of responding to that message.

Some devices just have the basic GM sound set. The &quot;voice&quot; or &quot;instrument&quot; is selected using a &quot;Program Change&quot; message on its own.

Other devices have a greater selection of voices, usually arranged in &quot;banks&quot;, and the choice of instrument is made by responding to &quot;Bank Select MSB&quot; (MIDI controller 0 (CC#0)), others use &quot;Bank Select LSB&quot; (MIDI controller number 32 (CC#32)), yet others use both MSB and LSB sent one after the other, all followed by the Program Change message. The detailed information about all the different voices will usually be available in a published MIDI Data List.


 MIDI Implementation Chart

But in the User Manual there is sometimes a summary of how the device works, in terms of MIDI, in the chart at the back of the manual, the MIDI Implementation Chart.

If you require two devices to work together you can compare the two implementation charts to see if they are &quot;compatible&quot;. In order to do this we will need to interpret that chart.

The chart is divided into four columns headed &quot;Function&quot;, &quot;Transmitted&quot; (or &quot;Tx&quot;), &quot;Received&quot; (or &quot;Rx&quot;), or more correctly &quot;Recognised&quot;, and finally, &quot;Remarks&quot;.

&lt;pre&gt;
The left hand column defines which MIDI functions are being described.
The 2nd column defines what the device in question is capable of transmitting to another device.
The 3rd column defines what the device is capable of responding to.
The 4th column is for explanations of the values contained within these previous two columns.
&lt;/pre&gt;

There should then be twelve sections, with possibly a thirteenth containing extra &quot;Notes&quot;. Finally there should be an explanation of the four MIDI &quot;modes&quot; and what the &quot;X&quot; and the &quot;O&quot; mean.
&lt;pre&gt;
Mode 1: Omni On, Poly; 
Mode 2: Omni On, Mono; 
Mode 3: Omni Off, Poly; 
Mode 4: Omni Off, Mono.
&lt;/pre&gt;
O means &quot;yes&quot; (implemented), X means &quot;no&quot; (not implemented).

Sometimes you will find a row of asterisks &quot;**************&quot;, these seem to indicate that the data is not applicable in this case. Seen in the transmitted field only (unless you've seen otherwise).

Lastly you may find against some entries an asterisk followed by a number e.g. *1, these will refer you to further information, often on a following page, giving more detail.

Basic Channel
But the very first set of boxes will tell us the &quot;Basic Channel(s)&quot; that the device sends or receives on. 
&quot;Default&quot; is what happens when the device is first turned on, &quot;changed&quot; is what a switch of some kind may allow the device to be set to. 
For many devices e.g. a GM sound module or a home keyboard, this would be 1-16 for both. That is it can handle sending and receiving on all MIDI channels.

On other devices, for example a synthesiser, it may by default only work on channel 1. But the keyboard could be &quot;split&quot; with the lower notes e.g. on channel 2. If the synth has an arppegiator, this may be able to be set to transmit and or receive on yet another channel.
So we might see the default as &quot;1&quot; but the changed as &quot;1-16&quot;.

Modes.
We need to understand Omni On and Off, and Mono and Poly, then we can decipher the four modes.

But first we need to understand that any of these four Mode messages can be sent to any MIDI channel. They don't necessarily apply to the whole device.

If we send an &quot;Omni On&quot; message (CC#125) to a MIDI channel of a device, we are, in effect, asking it to respond to e.g. a Note On / Off message pair, received on any of the sixteen channels. Sound strange? Read it again. Still strange? It certainly is. We normally want a MIDI channel to respond only to Note On / Off messages sent on that channel, not any other. In other words, &quot;Omni Off&quot;.

So &quot;Omni Off&quot; (CC#124) tells a channel of our MIDI device to respond only to messages sent on that MIDI channel.

&quot;Poly&quot; (CC#127) is for e.g. a channel of a polyphonic sound module, or a home keyboard, to be able to respond to many simultaneous Note On / Off message pairs at once and produce musical chords.

&quot;Mono&quot; (CC#126) allows us to set a channel to respond as if it were e.g. a flute or a trumpet, playing just one note at a time. If the device is capable of it, then the overlapping of notes will produce legato playing, that is the attack portion of the second note of two overlapping notes will be removed resulting in a &quot;smoother&quot; transition.

So a channel with a piano voice assigned to it will have Omni Off, Poly On (Mode 3), a channel with a saxophone voice assigned could be Omni Off, Mono On (Mode 4).

We call these combinations the four modes, 1 to 4, as defined above. 
Most modern devices will have their channels set to Mode 3 (Omni Off, Poly) but be switchable, on a per channel basis, to Mode 4 (Omni Off, Mono).

This second section of data will include first its default value i.e. upon device switch on. Then what Mode messages are acceptable, or X if none.

Finally, in the &quot;Altered&quot; field, how a Mode message that can't be implemented will be interpreted. Usually there will just be a row of asterisks effectively meaning nothing will be done if you try to switch to an unimplemented mode.

Note Number
&lt;pre&gt;
The next row will tell us which MIDI notes the device can send or receive, normally 0-127.
The second line, &quot;True Voice&quot; has the following in the MIDI specification: 
&quot;Range of received note numbers falling within the range of true notes produced by the instrument.&quot;
My interpretation is that, for instance, a MIDI piano may be capable of sending all MIDI notes (0 to 127) by transposition, but only responding to the 88 notes (21 to 108) of a real piano. 
&lt;/pre&gt;

Velocity
This will tell us whether the device we're looking at will handle note velocity, and what range from 1-127, or maybe just 64, it transmits or will recognise. So usually &quot;O&quot; plus a range or &quot;X&quot; for not implemented.

After touch
This may have one or two lines two it.
If a one liner the either &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot;, yes or no.
If a two liner then it may include &quot;Keys&quot; or &quot;Poly&quot; and &quot;Channel&quot;.
This will show whether the device will respond to Polyphonic after touch or channel after touch or neither.

Pitch Bend
Again &quot;O&quot; for implemented, &quot;X&quot; for not implemented.
(Many stage pianos will have no pitch bend capability.)
It may also, in the notes section, state whether it will respond to the full 14 bits, or not, as usually encoded by the pitch bend wheel.

Control Change
This is likely to be the largest section of the chart.
It will list all those controllers, starting from CC#0, Bank Select MSB, which the device is capable of sending, and those that it will respond to using &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; respectively.
You will, almost certainly, get some further explanation of functionality in the remarks column, or in more detail elsewhere in the documentation.

Of course you will need to know what all the various controller numbers do. Lots of the official technical specifications can be found at the [www.midi.org/techspecs/ MMA], with the table of messages and control change [www.midi.org/techspecs/midimessages.php message numbers]

Program Change
Again &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; in the Transmitted or Recognised column to indicate whether or not the feature is implemented. In addition a range of numbers is shown, typically 0-127, to show what is available.
True # (number): &quot;The range of the program change numbers which correspond to the actual number of patches selected.&quot;

System Exclusive
Used to indicate whether or not the device can send or recognise System Exclusive messages. A short description is often given in the Remarks field followed by a detailed explanation elsewhere in the documentation.

System Common - These include the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
MIDI Time Code Quarter Frame messages (device synchronisation).
Song Position Pointer
Song Select
Tune Request
&lt;/pre&gt;
The section will indicate whether or not the device can send or respond to any of these messages.

System Real Time
These include the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
Timing Clock - often just written as &quot;Clock&quot;
Start
Stop
Continue
&lt;/pre&gt;
These three are usually just referred to as &quot;Commands&quot; and listed.
Again the section will indicate which, if any, of these messages the device can send or respond to.
&lt;pre&gt;
Aux. Messages
Again &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; for implemented or not.
Aux. = Auxiliary.
Active Sense = Active Sensing.
&lt;/pre&gt;
Often with an explanation of the action of the device.

Notes
The &quot;Notes&quot; section can contain any additional comments to clarify the particular implementation.

Some of the explanations have been drawn directly from the MMA MIDI 1.0 Detailed Specification.
And the detailed explanation of some of the functions will be found there, or in the General MIDI System Level 1 or General MIDI System Level 2 documents also published by the MMA.


 OFFICIAL MIDI SPECIFICATIONS

SUMMARY OF MIDI MESSAGES
Table 1 - Summary of MIDI Messages

The following table lists the major MIDI messages in numerical (binary) order (adapted from &quot;MIDI by the Numbers&quot; by D. Valenti, Electronic Musician 2/88, and updated by the MIDI Manufacturers Association.). This table is intended as an overview of MIDI, and is by no means complete.

WARNING! Details about implementing these messages can dramatically impact compatibility with other products. We strongly recommend consulting the official MIDI Specifications for additional information.

MIDI 1.0 Specification

Message Summary Channel Voice Messages [nnnn = 0-15 (MIDI Channel Number 1-16)]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1000nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Note Off event. 
This message is sent when a note is released (ended). (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1001nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Note On event. 
This message is sent when a note is depressed (start). (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1010nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Polyphonic Key Pressure (Aftertouch). 
This message is most often sent by pressing down on the key after it &quot;bottoms out&quot;. (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the pressure value.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1011nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ccccccc 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Control Change. 
This message is sent when a controller value changes. Controllers include devices such as pedals and levers. Controller numbers 120-127 are reserved as &quot;Channel Mode Messages&quot; (below). (ccccccc) is the controller number (0-119). (vvvvvvv) is the controller value (0-127).
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1100nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ppppppp || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Program Change. This message sent when the patch number changes. (ppppppp) is the new program number.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1101nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Channel Pressure (After-touch). This message is most often sent by pressing down on the key after it &quot;bottoms out&quot;. This message is different from polyphonic after-touch. Use this message to send the single greatest pressure value (of all the current depressed keys). (vvvvvvv) is the pressure value.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1110nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0lllllll 0mmmmmmm || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pitch Bend Change. This message is sent to indicate a change in the pitch bender (wheel or lever, typically). The pitch bender is measured by a fourteen bit value. Center (no pitch change) is 2000H. Sensitivity is a function of the receiver, but may be set using RPN 0. (lllllll) are the least significant 7 bits. (mmmmmmm) are the most significant 7 bits.
|}

Channel Mode Messages (See also Control Change, above)

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1011nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ccccccc 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Channel Mode Messages. 
This the same code as the Control Change (above), but implements Mode control and special message by using reserved controller numbers 120-127. The commands are:
*All Sound Off. When All Sound Off is received all oscillators will turn off, and their volume envelopes are set to zero as soon as possible c = 120, v = 0: All Sound Off
*Reset All Controllers. When Reset All Controllers is received, all controller values are reset to their default values. (See specific Recommended Practices for defaults) c = 121, v = x: Value must only be zero unless otherwise allowed in a specific Recommended Practice.
*Local Control. When Local Control is Off, all devices on a given channel will respond only to data received over MIDI. Played data, etc. will be ignored. Local Control On restores the functions of the normal controllers. 
c = 122, v = 0: Local Control Off
c = 122, v = 127: Local Control On
* All Notes Off. When an All Notes Off is received, all oscillators will turn off. 
c = 123, v = 0: All Notes Off (See text for description of actual mode commands.)
c = 124, v = 0: Omni Mode Off 
c = 125, v = 0: Omni Mode On 
c = 126, v = M: Mono Mode On (Poly Off) where M is the number of channels (Omni Off) or 0 (Omni On) 
c = 127, v = 0: Poly Mode On (Mono Off) (Note: These four messages also cause All Notes Off)
|}

System Common Messages

System Messages (0xF0)

The final status nybble is a “catch all” for data that doesn’t fit the other statuses. They all use the most significant nybble (4bits) of 0xF, with the least significant nybble indicating the specific category.

The messages are denoted when the MSB of the second nybble is 1. When that bit is a 0, the messages fall into two other subcategories.

System Common

If the MSB of the second second nybble (4 bits) is not set, this indicates a System Common message. Most of these are messages that include some additional data bytes.

System Common Messages
Type Status Byte   Number of Data Bytes      Usage 
&lt;pre&gt;
Time Code Quarter Frame	0xF1	1	Indicates timing using absolute time code, primarily for synthronization with video playback systems. A single location requires eight messages to send the location in an encoded hours:minutes:seconds:frames format*.
Song Position	0xF2	2	Instructs a sequencer to jump to a new position in the song. The data bytes form a 14-bit value that expresses the location as the number of sixteenth notes from the start of the song.
Song Select	0xF3	1	Instructs a sequencer to select a new song. The data byte indicates the song.
Undefined	0xF4	0	
Undefined	0xF5	0	
Tune Request	0xF6	0	Requests that the receiver retunes itself**.
&lt;/pre&gt;
*MIDI Time Code (MTC) is significantly complex. Please see the MIDI Specification
**While modern digital instruments are good at staying in tune, older analog synthesizers were prone to tuning drift. Some analog synthesizers had an automatic tuning operation that could be initiated with this command.


System Exclusive

If you’ve been keeping track, you’ll notice there are two status bytes not yet defined: 0xf0 and 0xf7. These are used by the System Exclusive message, often abbreviated at SysEx. SysEx provides a path to send arbitrary data over a MIDI connection. There is a group of predefined messages for complex data, like fine grained control of MIDI Time code machinery. SysEx is also used to send manufacturer defined data, such as patches, or even firmware updates.

System Exclusive messages are longer than other MIDI messages, and can be any length. The messages are of the following format:

0xF0, 0xID, 0xdd, ...... 0xF7
The message is bookended with distinct bytes.

It opens with the Start Of Exclusive (SOX) data byte, 0xF0.
The next one to three bytes after the start are an identifier.
Values from 0x01 to 0x7C are one-byte vendor IDs, assigned to manufacturers who were involved with MIDI at the beginning.
If the ID is 0x00, it’s a three-byte vendor ID - the next two bytes of the message are the value.
&lt;pre&gt;
ID 0x7D is a placeholder for non-commercial entities.
ID 0x7E indicates a predefined Non-realtime SysEx message.
ID 0x7F indicates a predefined Realtime SysEx message.
&lt;/pre&gt;
After the ID is the data payload, sent as a stream of bytes.
The transfer concludes with the End of Exclusive (EOX) byte, 0xF7.
The payload data must follow the guidelines for MIDI data bytes – the MSB must not be set, so only 7 bits per byte are actually usable. If the MSB is set, it falls into three possible scenarios.

An End of Exclusive byte marks the ordinary termination of the SysEx transfer.
System Real Time messages may occur within the transfer without interrupting it. The recipient should handle them independently of the SysEx transfer.
Other status bytes implicitly terminate the SysEx transfer and signal the start of new messages.
 Some inexpensive USB-to-MIDI interfaces aren’t capable of handling messages longer than four bytes.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110000 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0iiiiiii [0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii]  0ddddddd  --- --- 0ddddddd 11110111 || &lt;!--Description--&gt;System Exclusive. 
This message type allows manufacturers to create their own messages (such as bulk dumps, patch parameters, and other non-spec data) and provides a mechanism for creating additional MIDI Specification messages. The Manufacturer's ID code (assigned by MMA or AMEI) is either 1 byte (0iiiiiii) or 3 bytes (0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii). Two of the 1 Byte IDs are reserved for extensions called Universal Exclusive Messages, which are not manufacturer-specific. If a device recognizes the ID code as its own (or as a supported Universal message) it will listen to the rest of the message (0ddddddd). Otherwise, the message will be ignored. (Note: Only Real-Time messages may be interleaved with a System Exclusive.)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110001 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0nnndddd || &lt;!--Description--&gt;MIDI Time Code Quarter Frame.
nnn = Message Type
dddd = Values
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110010 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0lllllll 0mmmmmmm || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Song Position Pointer. 
This is an internal 14 bit register that holds the number of MIDI beats (1 beat= six MIDI clocks) since the start of the song. l is the LSB, m the MSB.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110011 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0sssssss || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Song Select. 
The Song Select specifies which sequence or song is to be played.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110100 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110101 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110110 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tune Request. Upon receiving a Tune Request, all analog synthesizers should tune their oscillators.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110111 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;End of Exclusive. Used to terminate a System Exclusive dump. 
|}


System Real-Time Messages

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111000 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Timing Clock. Sent 24 times per quarter note when synchronization is required.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111001 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111010 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Start. Start the current sequence playing. (This message will be followed with Timing Clocks).
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111011 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Continue. Continue at the point the sequence was Stopped.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111100 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stop. Stop the current sequence.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111101 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111110 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Active Sensing. This message is intended to be sent repeatedly to tell the receiver that a connection is alive. Use of this message is optional. When initially received, the receiver will expect to receive another Active Sensing message each 300ms (max), and if it does not then it will assume that the connection has been terminated. At termination, the receiver will turn off all voices and return to normal (non- active sensing) operation. 
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111111 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Reset. Reset all receivers in the system to power-up status. This should be used sparingly, preferably under manual control. In particular, it should not be sent on power-up.
|}


Advanced Messages

Polyphonic Pressure (0xA0) and Channel Pressure (0xD0)

Some MIDI controllers include a feature known as Aftertouch. While a key is being held down, the player can press harder on the key. The controller measures this, and converts it into MIDI messages.

Aftertouch comes in two flavors, with two different status messages.

The first flavor is polyphonic aftertouch, where every key on the controller is capable of sending its own independent pressure information. The messages are of the following format:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xkk, 0xpp
n is the status (0xA)
c is the channel nybble
kk is the key number (0 to 127)
pp is the pressure value (0 to 127)
&lt;/pre&gt;
Polyphonic aftertouch is an uncommon feature, usually found on premium quality instruments, because every key requires a separate pressure sensor, plus the circuitry to read them all.

Much more commonly found is channel aftertouch. Instead of needing a discrete sensor per key, it uses a single, larger sensor to measure pressure on all of the keys as a group. The messages omit the key number, leaving a two-byte format
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xpp
n is the status (0xD)
c is the channel number
pp is the pressure value (0 to 127)
&lt;/pre&gt;

Pitch Bend (0xE0)

Many keyboards have a wheel or lever towards the left of the keys for pitch bend control. This control is usually spring-loaded, so it snaps back to the center of its range when released. This allows for both upward and downward bends.

Pitch Bend Wheel

The wheel sends pitch bend messages, of the format
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xLL, 0xMM
n is the status (0xE)
c is the channel number
LL is the 7 least-significant bits of the value
MM is the 7 most-significant bits of the value
&lt;/pre&gt;
You’ll notice that the bender data is actually 14 bits long, transmitted as two 7-bit data bytes. This means that the recipient needs to reassemble those bytes using binary manipulation. 14 bits results in an overall range of 214, or 0 to 16,383. Because it defaults to the center of the range, the default value for the bender is halfway through that range, at 8192 (0x2000).

Control Change (0xB0)

In addition to pitch bend, MIDI has provisions for a wider range of expressive controls, sometimes known as continuous controllers, often abbreviated CC. These are transmitted by the remaining knobs and sliders on the keyboard controller shown below.


Continuous Controllers

These controls send the following message format:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xcc, 0xvv
n is the status (0xB)
c is the MIDI channel
cc is the controller number (0-127)
vv is the controller value (0-127)
&lt;/pre&gt;

Typically, the wheel next to the bender sends controller number one, assigned to modulation (or vibrato) depth. It is implemented by most instruments.

The remaining controller number assignments are another point of confusion. The MIDI specification was revised in version 2.0 to assign uses for many of the controllers. However, this implementation is not universal, and there are ranges of unassigned controllers.

On many modern MIDI devices, the controllers are assignable. On the controller keyboard shown in the photos, the various controls can be configured to transmit different controller numbers. Controller numbers can be mapped to particular parameters. Virtual synthesizers frequently allow the user to assign CCs to the on-screen controls. This is very flexible, but it might require configuration on both ends of the link and completely bypasses the assignments in the standard.


Program Change (0xC0)

Most synthesizers have patch storage memory, and can be told to change patches using the following command:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xpp
n is the status (0xc)
c is the channel
pp is the patch number (0-127)
&lt;/pre&gt;
This allows for 128 sounds to be selected, but modern instruments contain many more than 128 patches. Controller #0 is used as an additional layer of addressing, interpreted as a “bank select” command. Selecting a sound on such an instrument might involve two messages: a bank select controller message, then a program change.

Audio &amp; Midi are not synchronized, what I can do ?
Buy a commercial software package but there is a nasty trick to synchronize both. It's a bit hardcore but works for me:

 Simply put one line down to all midi notes on your pattern (use Insert key)
 and go to 'Misc. Setup', adjust the latency and just search a value
 that will make sound sync both audio/midi.

The stock Sin/Saw/Pulse and Rnd waveforms are too simple/common, is there a way to use something more complex/rich ?
You have to ability to redirect the waveforms of the instruments through the synth pipe by selecting the &quot;wav&quot; option for the oscillator you're using for this synth instrument, samples can be used as wavetables to replace the stock signals.


Sound banks like soundfont (sf2) or Kontakt2 are not supported at the moment


====DAW Audio Evolution 4====

Audio Evolution 4 gives you unsurpassed power for digital audio recording and editing on the Amiga. The latest release focusses on time-saving non-linear and non-destructive editing, as seen on other platforms. Besides editing, Audio Evolution 4 offers a wide range of realtime effects, including compression, noise gate, delays, reverb, chorus and 3-band EQ.

Whether you put them as inserts on a channel or use them as auxillaries, the effect parameters are realtime adjustable and can be fully automated. Together with all other mixing parameters, they can even be controlled remotely, using more ergonomic MIDI hardware.

Non-linear editing on the time line, including cut, copy, paste, move, split, trim and crossfade actions

The number of tracks per project(s) is unlimited .... AHI limits you to recording only two at a time. i.e. not on 8 track sound cards like the Juli@ or Phase 88.

sample file import is limited to 16bit AIFF (not AIFC, important distinction as some files from other sources can be AIFC with aiff file extension). and 16bit WAV (pcm only)


Most apps use the Music Unit only but a few apps also use Unit (0-3) instead or as well. 
* Set up AHI prefs so that microphone is available. (Input option near the bottom)


stereo++ allows the audio piece to be placed anywhere and the left-right adjusted to sound positionally right

hifi best for music playback if driver supports this option


Load 16bit .aif .aiff only sample(s) to use not AIFC which can have the same ending. AIFF stands for Audio Interchange File Format 

 sox recital.wav recital.aiff

 sox recital.wav −b 16 recital.aiff channels 1 rate 16k fade 3 norm
 sox input.wav        output.aiff bass −b 16 rate 48k

performs the same format translation, but also applies four effects (down-mix to one channel, sample rate change, fade-in, nomalize), and stores the result at a bit-depth of 16.

 rec −c 2 radio.aiff trim 0 30:00

records half an hour of stereo audio 

 play existing-file.wav


24bit PCM WAV or AIFF do not work 

*No stream format handling. So no way to pass on an AC3 encoded stream unmodified to the digital outputs through AHI.
*No master volume handling. Each application has to set its own volume. So each driver implements its own custom driver-mixer interface for handling master volumes, mute and preamps.
*Only one output stream. So all input gets mixed into one output.
*No automatic handling of output direction based on connected cables.
*No monitor input selection. Only monitor volume control. 


select the correct input (Don't mistake enabled sound for the correct input.)
The monitor will feedback audio to the lineout and hp out no matter if you have selected the correct input to the ADC. The monitor will provide sound for any valid input. This will result in free mixing when recording from the monitor input instead of mic/line because the monitor itself will provide the hardware mixing for you. Be aware that MIC inputs will give two channel mono. Only Linein will give real stereo.

Now for the not working part. Attempt to record from linein in the AE4 record window, the right channel is noise and the left channel is distorted. Even with the recommended HIFI 16bit Stereo++ mode at 48kHz.


Channels

Monitor

Gain

Inout

Output

Advanced settings - Debugging via serial port


* Options -&gt; Soundcard In/Out
* Options -&gt; SampleRate
* Options -&gt; Preferences

F6 for Sample File List

Setting a grid is easy as is measuring the BPM by marking a section of the sample. Is your kick drum track &quot;not in time&quot; ? If so, you're stumped in AE4 as it has no fancy variable time signatures and definitely no 'track this dodgy rhythm' function like software of the nature of Logic has. So if your drum beat is freeform you will need to work in freeform mode. (Real music is free form anyway).

If the drum *is* accurate and you are just having trouble measuring the time, I usually measure over a range of bars and set the number of beats in range to say 16 as this is more accurate, Then you will need to shift the drum track to match your grid *before* applying the grid. (probably an iterative process as when the grid is active samples snap to it, and when inactive you cannot see it).

AE4 does have ARexx but the functions are more for adding samples at set offsets and starting playback / recording.


These are the usual features found in DAWs...

* Recording digital audio, midi sequencer and mixer 
* virtual VST instruments and plug-ins 
* automation, group channels, MIDI channels, FX sends and returns, audio and MIDI editors and music notation editor


* different track views 
* mixer and track layout (but not the same as below) 
* traditional two windows (track and mixer)


Mixing - mixdown

Could not figure out how to select what part I wanted to send to the aux, set it to echo and return. Pretty much the whole echo effect. Or any effect.

Take look at page17 of the manual.

When you open the EQ / Aux send popup window you will see 4 sends. Now from the menu choose the windows menu.

Menus-&gt;Windows-&gt; Aux Returns Window

or press F5

You will see a small window with 4 volume controls and an effects button for each. Click a button and add an effects to that aux channel, then set it up as desired (note the reverb effect has a special AUX setting that improves its use with the aux channel, not compulsory but highly useful). You set the amount of 'return' on the main mix in the Aux Return window, and the amount sent from each main mixer channel in the popup for that channel. Again the aux sends are &quot;prefade&quot; so the volume faders on each channel do not affect them.


Tracking


Effects - fade in

To add some echoes to some vocals, tried to add an effect on a track but did not come out. This is made more complicated as I wanted to mute a vocal but then make it echo at the muting point. Want to have one word of a vocal heard and then echoed off. But when the track is mute the echo is cancelled out.

To correctly understand what is happening here you need to study the figure at the bottom of page 15 on the manual. You will see from that that the effects are applied 'prefade' So the automation you applied will naturally mute the entire signal.

There would be a number of ways to achieve the goal,

You have three real time effects slots, one for smoothing like so

Sample -&gt; Amplify -&gt; Delay

Then automate the gain of the amplify block so that it effectively mutes the sample just before the delay at the appropriate moment, the echo effect should then be heard.

Getting the effects in the right order will require experimentation as they can only be added top down and it's not obvious which order they are applied to the signal, but there only two possibilities, so it wont take long to find out.

Using MUTE can cause clicks to the Amplify can be used to mute more smoothly so that's a secondary advantage.

Signal Processing -


Overdub

[[#top|...to the top]]

===Office===

====Spreadsheet Leu====

Support for some xlsx, and ods functions 


====Spreadsheet Ignition====

; Needs ABIv1 to be completed before more can be done

File formats supported 
* ascii #?.txt and #?.csv (single sheets with data only). 
* igs and TurboCalc(WIP) #?.tc for all sheets with data, formats and formulas.

There is '''no''' support for xls, xlsx, ods or uos ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Office_Format Uniform Unified Office Format]) at the moment.

* Always use Esc key after editing Spreadsheet cells.
* copy/paste seems to copy the first instance only so go to Edit -&gt; Clipboard to manage the list of remembered actions. 
* Right mouse click on row (1 or 2 or 3) or column header (a or b or c)  to access optimal height or width of the row or column respectively 
* Edit -&gt; Insert -&gt; Row  seems to clear the spreadsheet or clears the rows after the inserted row until undo restores as it should be...

Change Sheet name by  Object -&gt; Sheet -&gt; Properties

Click in the cell which will contain the result, and click '''down arrow button''' to the right of the formula box at the bottom of the spreadsheet and choose the function required from the list provided. Then click on the start cell and click on the bottom right corner, a '''very''' small blob, which allows stretching a bounding box (thick grey outlines) across many cells This grey bounding box can be used to '''copy a formula''' to other cells.

Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties to change cell format - Currency only covers DM and not $, Euro, Renminbi, Yen or Pound etc. 
Shift key and arrow keys selects a range of cells, so that '''formatting can be done to all highlighted cells'''. 
View -&gt; Overview then select ALL with one click (in empty cell in the top left hand corner of the sheet).

Default mode is relative cell referencing e.g. a1+a2 but absolute e.g. $a$1+$a$2 can be entered.

* #sheet-name to '''absolute''' reference another sheet-name cell unless reference() function used.

;Graphs

use shift key and arrow keys to select a bunch of cells to be graph'ed making sure that x axes represents and y axes represents

* value() - 0 value, 1 percent, 2 date, 3 time, 4 unit ...


;Dates 
* Excel starts a running count from the 1st Jan 1900 and Ignition starts from 1st Jan 1AD '''(maybe this needs to change)'''
Set formatting Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties and put date in days


;Time 
Set formatting Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties and put time in seconds taken


;Database (to be done by someone else)

type - standard, reference (bezug), search criterion (suchkriterium), 
* select a bunch of cells and Object -&gt; Database -&gt; Define to set Datenbank (database) and Felder (fields not sure how?) 
* Neu (new) or loschen (delete) to add/remove database headings e.g. Personal, Start Date, Finish Date (one per row?)
* Object -&gt; Database -&gt; Index to add fields (felder) like Surname, First Name, Employee ID, etc. to ?

Filtering done with dbfilter(), dbproduct() and dbposition().

Activities with dbsum(), dbaverage(), dbmin() and dbmax().

Table sorting -


;Scripts (Arexx)

;Excel(TM) to Ignition - commas ''',''' replaced by semi-colons ''';''' to separate values within functions 
*SUM(), 
*AVERAGE(), MAX(), MIN(), INT(), PRODUCT(), MEDIAN(), VAR() becomes Variance(), Percentile(),
*IF(), AND, OR, NOT 
*LEFT(), RIGHT(), MID() becomes MIDDLE(), LEN() becomes LENGTH(), 
*LOWER() becomes LOWERCASE(), UPPER() becomes UPPERCASE(),
* DATE(yyyy,mm,dd) becomes COMPUTEDATE(dd;mm;yyyy), 
*TODAY(), DAY(),WEEK(), MONTH(),=YEAR(TODAY()), 
*EOMONTH() becomes MONTHLENGTH(), 
*NOW() should be date and time becomes time only, SECOND(), MINUTE(), HOUR(),
*DBSUM() becomes DSUM(),


;Missing and possibly useful features/functions needed for ignition to have better support of Excel files 
There is no Merge and Join Text over many cells, no protect and/or freeze row or columns or books but can LOCK sheets, no define bunch of cells as a name, Macros (Arexx?), conditional formatting, no Solver, no Goal Seek, no Format Painter, no AutoFill, no AutoSum function button, no pivot tables, (30 argument limit applies to Excel)

*HLOOKUP(), VLOOKUP(), [http://production-scheduling.com/excel-index-function-most-useful/ INDEX(), MATCH()], CHOOSE(), TEXT(), 
*TRIM(), FIND(), SUBSTITUTE(), CONCATENATE() or &amp;, PROPER(), REPT(), 
*[https://acingexcel.com/excel-sumproduct-function/ SUMPRODUCT()], ROUND(), ROUNDUP(), *ROUNDDOWN(), COUNT(), COUNTA(), SUMIF(), COUNTIF(), COUNTBLANK(), TRUNC(), 
*PMT(), PV(), FV(), POWER(), SQRT(), MODE(), TRUE, FALSE, 
*MODE(), LARGE(), SMALL(), RANK(), STDEV(), 
*DCOUNT(), DCOUNTA(), WEEKDAY(),


;Excel Keyboard [http://dmcritchie.mvps.org/excel/shortx2k.htm shortcuts needed to aid usability in Ignition] 
&lt;pre&gt;
Ctrl Z - Undo

Ctrl D - Fill Down
Ctrl R - Fill right

Ctrl F - Find
Ctrl H - Replace

Ctrl 1 - Formatting of Cells
CTRL SHIFT ~ Apply General Formatting ie a number 
Ctrl ; - Todays Date 

F2 - Edit cell
F4 - toggle cell absolute / relative cell references

&lt;/pre&gt;


====Document Scanning - Scandal====

Scanner usually needs to be connected via a USB port and not via a hub or extension lead.

Check in Trident Prefs -&gt; Devices that the USB Scanner is not bound to anything (e.g. Bindings None)
If not found then reboot the computer and recheck.

Start Scandal, choose Settings from Menu strip at top of screen and in Scanner Driver choose the ?#.device of the scanner (e.g. epson2.device).

The next two boxes - leave empty as they are for morphos SCSI use only
 or put ata.device (use the selection option in bigger box below) and Unit as 0 this is needed for gt68xx

* gt68xx - no editing needed in s/gt68xx.conf but needs a firmware file that corresponds to the scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx firmwares] in sys:s/gt68xx.
* epson2 - Need to edit the file epson2.conf in sys/s that corresponds to the scanner being used

'''Save''' the settings but do not press the Use button (aros freezes)

Back to the Picture Scan window and the right-hand sections.

Click on the '''Information''' tab and press Connect button and the scanner should now be detected.

Go next to the '''Scanner''' tab next to Information Tab should have Color, Black and White, etc. and dpi settings now. Selecting an option Color, B/W etc. can cause dpi settings corruption (especially if the settings are in one line) so set '''dpi first'''. Make sure if Preview is set or not.

In the '''Scan''' Tab, press Scan and the scanner will do its duty. 
Be aware that nothing is saved to disk yet.

In the Save tab, change format JPEG, PNG or IFF DEEP. Tick incremental and base filename if necessary and then click the Save button. The image will now be saved to permanent storage.


The driver ignores a device if it is already bond to another USB class, rejects it from being usable. However, open Trident prefs, select your device and use the right mouse button to open. Select &quot;NONE&quot; to prevent poseidon from touching the device. Now save settings. It should always work now.

[[#top|...to the top]]

===Emulators===

==== Amiberry ====


==== Amiga Emu - Janus UAE ====

With Amibridge, AROS attempts to make the UAE emulator seem embedded within but it still is acting as an app 

There is no dynarec m68k for each hardware that Aros supports or direct patching of motorola calls to AROS hardware accelerated ones unless the emulator has that included 

Try starting Janus with a priority of -1 like this little script:
&lt;pre&gt;
cd sys:system/AmiBridge/emulator
changetaskpri -1
run janus-uae -f my_uaerc.config &gt;nil:
cd sys:prefs
endcli
&lt;/pre&gt;
This stops Janus hogging all the CPU time.


===Miscellaneous===

====Screensaver Blanker====

Most blankers on the amiga (i.e. aros) run as commodities (they are in the tools/commodities drawer). Double click on blanker.

Control is with an app called Exchange, which you need to run first (double click on app) or  run QUIET sys:tools/commodities/Exchange &gt;NIL: but subsequently can use (Cntrl Alt h).

Icon tool types (may be broken) or command line options 
&lt;pre&gt;
seconds=number 
&lt;/pre&gt;

Once the timing is right then add the following to s:icaros-sequence or s:user-startup

e.g. for 5 minutes

 run QUIET sys:tools/commodities/Blanker seconds=300 &gt;NIL:


*[http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/screenblanker/gblanker.i386-aros.zip Garshneblanker] can make Aros unstable or slow. Certain blankers crashes in Icaros 2.0.x like Dragon, Executor.


*[ Acuario AROS version], the aquarium screen saver.

Startup: extras:acuariofv-aros/acuario

Kill: c:break name=extras:acuariofv-aros/acuario

Managed to start Acuario by the Executor blanker.

&lt;pre&gt;
cx_priority=
cx_popkey=    ie CX_POPKEY=&quot;Shift F1&quot; 
cx_popup=Yes or No

&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
 Qualifier String    Input Event Class
   ----------------    -----------------
    &quot;lshift&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_LSHIFT
    &quot;rshift&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_RSHIFT
    &quot;capslock&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_CAPSLOCK
    &quot;control&quot;          IEQUALIFIER_CONTROL
    &quot;lalt&quot;             IEQUALIFIER_LALT
    &quot;ralt&quot;             IEQUALIFIER_RALT
    &quot;lcommand&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_LCOMMAND
    &quot;rcommand&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_RCOMMAND
    &quot;numericpad&quot;       IEQUALIFIER_NUMERICPAD
    &quot;repeat&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_REPEAT
    &quot;midbutton&quot;        IEQUALIFIER_MIDBUTTON
    &quot;rbutton&quot;          IEQUALIFIER_RBUTTON
    &quot;leftbutton&quot;       IEQUALIFIER_LEFTBUTTON
    &quot;relativemouse&quot;    IEQUALIFIER_RELATIVEMOUSE
&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
    Synonym     Synonym
    String     Identifier
    -------    ----------
    &quot;shift&quot;    IXSYM_SHIFT    /* look for either shift key */
    &quot;caps&quot;     IXSYM_CAPS     /* look for either shift key or capslock */
    &quot;alt&quot;      IXSYM_ALT      /* look for either alt key */

Highmap is one of the following strings:
    &quot;space&quot;, &quot;backspace&quot;, &quot;tab&quot;, &quot;enter&quot;, &quot;return&quot;, &quot;esc&quot;, &quot;del&quot;,
    &quot;up&quot;, &quot;down&quot;, &quot;right&quot;, &quot;left&quot;, &quot;f1&quot;, &quot;f2&quot;, &quot;f3&quot;, &quot;f4&quot;, &quot;f5&quot;,
    &quot;f6&quot;, &quot;f7&quot;, &quot;f8&quot;, &quot;f9&quot;, &quot;f10&quot;, &quot;help&quot;.


&lt;/pre&gt;


[[#top|...to the top]]

==== World Construction Set WCS (Version 2.031) ====

WCS is a fractal landscape software such as Scenery Animator, Vista Pro and Panorama. Open sourced February 2022, World Construction Set [https://3dnature.com/downloads/legacy-software/ legally and for free] and [https://github.com/AlphaPixel/3DNature c source]. 

Announced August 1994 this version dates from April 1996 developed by Gary R. Huber and Chris &quot;Xenon&quot; Hanson&quot; from Questar 

&lt;pre&gt;
Assign &quot;WCSProjects:&quot; &quot;Volume:Dir/Dir/WCSProjects&quot; 
Assign &quot;WCSFrames:&quot;   &quot;Volume:Dir/Dir/WCSFrames&quot; 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Load projects .proj by accessing pull down menu Project -&gt; Open then click on CanyonSunset.proj
OK to changing .par file and enlarge Status Log window to show what is happening 
Render by pull down menu Modules -&gt; Render with End equal 1 not 300 then click bottom middle button Render 
&lt;/pre&gt;

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxQDmf1ZWG0 Youtube walkthrough of above], [], [], 

Also try working with the already built file ColoDemo - Then open with the drop-down menu: Project/Open, then WCSProject:ColoDemo.proj
Which allows you to use altimetric DEM files already included and Loading scene parameters from ColoDemo.par
Once this is done, save everything with a new name to start working exclusively on your project. 
Then drop-down menu and select Save As (&quot;NewName&quot;.proj name), then drop-down menu to open parameter and select Save All ( .par name)


After launching the software, there is a the Module Control Panel composed of five icons. 
It is a dock type shortcut of the first few functions of the drop-down menu 

*Database   - Load (#?.proj), Append, Create, Edit, Save, Dir List (of WCSProject drawer), 
*Data Ops   - Extract / Convert Interp DEM, Import DLG, DXF, WDB and export LW map 3d formats  
*Map View   - Database file Loader leading to Map View Control with option to the Database Editor 
*Parameters - Editor for Motion, Color, Ecosystem, Clouds, Waves, management of altimeter files DEM, sclock settings etc 
*Render     - rendering terrain 

These are more in the pull down menu but not in the dock 
*Motion Editor
*Color Editor
*Ecosys Editor 


Simple minimal workflow 
*Load database (1st icon - 1st)
*Set parameters and save .par file (4th icon)
*Render scene (5th icon) 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbTwwR2qcc4 Youtube], [], 

&lt;pre&gt;
.proj new project name which creates a drawer of additional files 

.binary array, ascii array .xyz , z buffer, DTED .dt0, vista 1990s dem, iff  conversion 
.Obj with .elev, .frd with .hdr maps, - digital elevation model (DEM) is a 3D representation of elevation data in various formats 
USGS 7.5MinDEM, 

.par 


&lt;/pre&gt;


Since for the time being no project is loaded, a query window indicates a procedural error when clicking on the rendering icon (right end of the bar). The menu is quite traditional; it varies according to the activity of the windows. To display any altimetric file in the &quot;Mapview&quot; (third icon of the panel), There are three possibilities:

* Loading of a demonstration project.
* The import of a DEM file, followed by texturing and packaging from the &quot;Database-Editor&quot; and the &quot;Color-Editor&quot;.
* The creation of an altimetric file in WCS format, then texturing.


The altimeter file editing (display in the menu) is only made possible if the &quot;Mapview&quot; window is active.

The software is made up of many windows and won't be able to describe them all. Know that &quot;Color-Editor&quot; and the &quot;Data-Editor&quot; comprise sufficient functions for obtaining an almost real rendering quality. You have the possibility of inserting vector objects in the &quot;Data-Editor&quot; (creation of roads, railways, etc.) 


The Map View (MapView) window

*Database - Objects and Topos
*View     - Align, Center, Zoom, Pan, Move 
*Draw     - Maps and distance 
*Object   - Find, highlight, add points, conform topo, duplicate 
*Motion   - Camera, Focus, path, elevation 
*Windows  - DEM designer, Cloud (.cld) and wave (.wve) editor, 


You will notice that by selecting this window and simply moving the pointer to various points on the map you will see latitude and longitude values ​​change, along with the height.
Drop-down menu and Modules, then select MapView and change the width of the window with the map to arrange it in the best way on the screen. With the Auto button the center. Window that then displays the contents of my DEM file, in this case the Grand Canyon. MapView allows you to observe the shape of the landscape from above
 

ZOOM button

Press the Zoom button and then with the pointer position on a point on the map, press the left mouse button and then move to the opposite corner to circumscribe the chosen area and press the left mouse button again, then we will see the enlarged area selected on the map.
Would add that there is a box next to the Zoom button that allows the direct insertion of a value which, the larger it is, the smaller the magnification and the smaller the value, the stronger the magnification. At each numerical change you will need to press the DRAW button to update the view.

PAN button

Under Zoom you will find the PAN button which allows you to move the map at will in all directions by the amount you want. This is done by drawing a line in one direction, then press PAN and point to an area on the map with the pointer and press the left mouse button. At this point, leave it and move the pointer in one direction by drawing a line and press the left mouse button again to trigger the movement of the map on the screen (origin and end points). Do some experiments and then use the Auto button immediately below to recenter everything.
There are parameters such as TOPO, VEC to be left checked and immediately below one that allows different views of the map with the Style command (Single, Multi, Surface, Emboss, Slope, Contour), each with its own particularities to highlight different details.

Now you have the first basics to manage your project visually on the map. Close the MapView window and go further...


Let's start working on ECOSYSTEMS
If we select Emboss from the MapView Style command we will have a clear idea of ​​how the landscape appears, realizing that it is a predominantly desert region of our planet. Therefore we will begin to act on any vegetation present and the appearance of the landscape.
With WCS we will begin to break down the elements of the landscape by assigning defined characteristics. It will be necessary to determine the classes of the ecosystem (Class) with parameters of Elevation Line (maximum altitude), Relative Elevation (arrangement on basins or convexities with respectively positive or negative parameters), Min Slope and Max Slope (slope). WCS offers the possibility of making ecosystems coexist on the same terrain with the UnderEco function, by setting a Density value.


Ecosys Ecosystem Editor

Let's open it from Modules, then Ecosys Editor. In the left pane you will find the list of ecosystems referring to the files present in our project. It will be necessary to clean up that box to leave only the Water and Snow landscapes and a few other predefined ones. We can do this by selecting the items and pressing the Remove button (be careful not for all elements the button is activated, therefore they cannot all be eliminated).
Once this is done we can start adding new ecosystems. Scroll through the various Unused and as soon as the Name item at the top is activated allowing you to write, type the name of your ecosystem, adding the necessary parameters.
&lt;pre&gt;
Ecosystem1: Name: RockBase Class: Rock Density: 80 MinSlope: 15 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosystem2: Name: RockIncl Clss: Rock Density: 80 MinSlope: 30 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosystem3: Name: Grass Class Low Veg Density: 50 Height: 1 Elev Line : 1500 Rel El Eff: 5
Max Slope: 10 – Min Slope: 0 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosistema4: Name: Shrubs Class: Low Veg Density: 40 Height: 8 Elev Line: 3000
Rel El Eff: -2 Max Slope: 20 Min Slope : 5 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosistema5: Name: Terrain Class: Ground Density: 100 UnderEco: Terrain
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now we need to identify an intermediate ecosystem that guarantees a smooth transition between all, therefore we select as Understory Ecosystem the one called Terrain in all ecosystems, except Snow and Water .
Now we need to 'emerge' the Colorado River in the Canyon and we can do this by raising the sea level to 900 (Sea Level) in the Ecosystem called Water.
Please note that the order of the ecosystem list gives priority to those that come after. So our list must have the following order: Water, Snow, Shrubs, RockIncl, RockBase, Terrain. It is possible to carry out all movements with the Swap button at the bottom. To put order you can also press Short List. Press Keep to confirm all the work done so far with Ecosystem Editor.
Remember every now and then to save both the Project 'Modules/Save' and 'Parameter/Save All'

EcoModels are made up of .etp .fgp .iff8 for each model 


Color Editor

Now it's time to define the colors of our scene and we can do this by going to Modules and then Color Editor. In the list we focus on our ecosystems, created first.
Let's go to the bottom of the list and select the first white space, assigning the name 'empty1', with a color we like and then we will find this element again in other environments... It could serve as an example for other situations!
So we move to 'grass' which already exists and assign the following colors: R 60 G 70 B50
&lt;pre&gt;
'shrubs': R 60 G 80 B 30
'RockIncl' R 110 G 65 B 60
'RockBase' R 110 G 80 B 80
' Terrain' R 150 G 30 B 30
&lt;pre&gt;
Now we can work on pre-existing colors
&lt;pre&gt;
'SunLight' R 150 G 130 B 130
'Haze and Fog' R 190 G 170 B 170
'Horizon' R 209 G 185 B 190
'Zenith' R 140 G 150 B 200
'Water' R 90 G 125 B 170
&lt;/pre&gt;

Ambient R 0 G 0 B 0

So don't forget to close Color Editor by pressing Keep.
Go once again to Ecosystem Editor and assign the corresponding color to each environment by selecting it using the Ecosystem Color button. Press it several times until the correct one appears. Then save the project and parameters again, as done previously.


Motion Editor

Now it's time to take care of the framing, so let's go to Modules and then to Motion Editor. An extremely feature-rich window will open. Following is the list of parameters regarding the Camera, position and other characteristics:
&lt;pre&gt;
-Camera Altitude: 7.0
-Camera Latitude: 36.075
-Camera Longitude: 112.133
-Focus Attitude: -2.0
-Focus Latitude: 36.275
-Focus Longitude: 112.386
-Camera : 512 → rendering window
-Camera Y: 384 → rendering window
-View Arc: 80 → View width in degrees
-Sun Longitude: 172
-Sun Latitude: -0.9
-Haze Start: 3.8
-Haze Range: 78, 5
&lt;/pre&gt;
As soon as the values ​​shown in the relevant sliders have been modified, we will be ready to open the CamView window to observe the wireframe preview. Let's not consider all the controls that will appear.
Well from the Motion Editor if you have selected Camera Altitude and open the CamView panel, you can change the height of the camera by holding down the right mouse button and moving the mouse up and down. To update the view, press the Terrain button in the adjacent window. As soon as you are convinced of the position, confirm again with Keep. You can carry out the same work with the other functions of the camera, such as Focus Altitude...
Let's now see the next positioning step on the Camera map, but let's leave the CamView preview window open while we go to Modules to open the window at the same time MapView. We will thus be able to take advantage of the view from the other together with a subjective one.


From the MapView window, select with the left mouse button and while it is pressed, move the Camera as desired. To update the subjective preview, always click on Terrain.
While with the same procedure you can intervene on the direction of the camera lens, by selecting the cross and with the left button pressed you can choose the desired view. So with the pressure of Terrain I update the Preview. Possibly can enlarge or reduce the Map View using the Zoom button, for greater precision.
Also write that the circle around the cameras indicates the beginning of the haze, there are two types (haze and fog) linked to the altitude. Would also add that the camera height is editable through the Motion Editor panel.


The sun

Let's see that changing the position of the sun from the Motion Editor. Press the SUN button at the bottom right and set the time and the date. Longitude and latitude are automatically obtained by the program. Always open the View Arc command from the Motion Editor panel, an item present in the Parameter List box.

Once again confirm everything with Keep and then save again.


Animation

The animation part is not left-back and also occupies a window. The settings possibilities are enormous. A time line with dragging functions (&quot;slide&quot;, &quot;drag&quot;...) comparable to that of LightWave completes this window. 


A small window is available for positioning the stars as a function of a date, in order to vary the seasons and their various events (and yes...).

At the bottom of the &quot;Motion-Editor&quot;, a &quot;cam-view&quot; function will give you access to a control panel. Different preview modes are possible. The rendering is also accessible through a window. No less than nine pages compose it. At this level, you will be able to determine the backup name of your images (&quot;path&quot;), the type of texture to be calculated, the resolution of the images, activate or deactivate functions such as the depth buffer (&quot;zbuffer&quot;), the blur, the background image, etc.


Once all these parameters have been set, all you have to do is click on the &quot;Render&quot; button.

For rendering go to Modules and then Render. Select the resolution, then under IMA select the name of the image. Move to FRA and indicate the level of fractal detail which of 4 is quite good. Then Keep to confirm and then reopen the window, pressing Render you will see the result. The image will be opened with any viewing program.


Strengths:

* Multi-window.
* Quality of rendering.
* Accuracy.
* Opening, preview and rendering on CyberGraphX screen.
* Extract / Convert Interp DEM, Import DLG, DXF, WDB and export LW map 3d formats 
* The &quot;zbuffer&quot; function.

Weaknesses:

* No OpenGL management 
* Calculation time.
* No network computing tool.


====Writing CD / DVD - Frying Pan====

Can be backup DVDs (4GB ISO size limit due to use of FileInfoBlock), create audio cds from mp3's, and put .iso files on discs

If using for the first time - click Drive button and Device set to ata.device and unit to 0 (zero)

Click Tracks Button - Drive 1 - Create New Disc or Import Existing Disc Image (iso bin/cue etc.) - Session File open cue file

If you're making a data cd, with files and drawers from your hard drive, you should be using the ISO Builder.. which is the MUI page on the left. (&quot;Data/Audio Tracks&quot; is on the right).

You should use the &quot;Data/Audio tracks&quot; page if you want to create music cds with AIFF/WAV/MP3 files, or if you download an .iso file, and you want to put it on a cd.

Click WRITE Button - set write speed - click on long Write button

Examples

Easiest way would be to burn a DATA CD, simply go to &quot;Tracks&quot; page &quot;ISO Builder&quot; and &quot;ADD&quot; everything you need to burn.

On the &quot;Write&quot; page i have &quot;Masterize Disc (DAO)&quot;, &quot;Close Disc&quot; and &quot;Eject after Write&quot; set.

One must not &quot;Blank disc before write&quot; if one uses a CDR


AUDIO CD from MP3's are as easy but tricky to deal with. FP only understands one MP3 format, Layer II, everything else will just create empty tracks

Burning bootable CD's works only with .iso files. Go to &quot;Tracks&quot; page and &quot;Data/Audio Tracks&quot; and add the .iso


====odf====

Every ODF file is a collection of several subdocuments within a package (ZIP file), each of which stores part of the complete document.

* content.xml – Document content and automatic styles used in the content.
* styles.xml – Styles used in the document content and automatic styles used in the styles themselves.
* meta.xml – Document meta information, such as the author or the time of the last save action.
* settings.xml – Application-specific settings, such as the window size or printer information.


To read document follow these steps:

* Extracting .ods file.
* Getting content.xml file (which contains sheets data).
* Creating XmlDocument object from content.xml file.
* Creating DataSet (that represent Spreadsheet file).
* With XmlDocument select “table:table” elements, and then create adequate DataTables.
* Parse child’s of “table:table” element and fill DataTables with those data.
* At the end, return DataSet and show it in application’s interface.


To write document follow these steps:

* Extracting template.ods file (.ods file that we use as template).
* Getting content.xml file.
* Creating XmlDocument object from content.xml file.
* Erasing all “table:table” elements from the content.xml file.
* Reading data from our DataSet and composing adequate “table:table” elements.
* Adding “table:table” elements to content.xml file.
* Zipping that file as new .ods file.

XLS file format

The XLS file format contains streams, substreams, and records.

These sheet substreams include worksheets, macro sheets, chart sheets, dialog sheets, and VBA module sheets. 
All the records in an XLS document start with a 2-byte unsigned integer to specify Record Type (rt), and another for Count of Bytes (cb). A record cannot exceed 8224 bytes. If larger than the rest is stored in one or more continue records.

* Workbook stream 
**Globals substream
***BoundSheet8 record - info for Worksheet substream i.e. name, location, type, and visibility. (4bytes the lbPlyPos FilePointer, specifies the position in the Workbook stream where the sheet substream starts) 
**Worksheet substream (sheet) - Cell Table - Row record - Cells (2byte=row 2byte=column 2byte=XF format)
***Blank cell record
***RK cell record 32-bit number. 
***BoolErr cell record (2-byte Bes structure that may be either a Boolean value or an error code)
***Number cell record (64-bit floating-point number)
***LabelSst cell record (4-byte integer that specifies a string in the Shared Strings Table (SST). Specifically, the integer corresponds to the array index in the RGB field of the SST)
***Formula cell record (FormulaValue structure in the 8 bytes that follow the cell structure. The next 6 bytes can be ignored, and the rest of the record is a CellParsedFormula structure that contains the formula itself)
***MulBlank record (first 2 bytes give the row, and the next 2 bytes give the column that the series of blanks starts at. Next, a variable length array of cell structures follows to store formatting information, and the last 2 bytes show what column the series of blanks ends on)
***MulRK record 
***Shared String Table (SST) contains all of the string values in the workbook.

ACCRINT(), ACCRINTM(), AMORDEGRC(), AMORLINC(), 
COUPDAYBS(), COUPDAYS(), COUPDAYSNC(), COUPNCD(), COUPNUM(), COUPPCD(), 
CUMIPMT(), CUMPRINC(), 
DB(), DDB(), DISC(), 
DOLLARDE(), DOLLARFR(), 
DURATION(), EFFECT(), FV(), FVSCHEDULE(), 
INTRATE(), IPMT(), IRR(), ISPMT(), MDURATION(), MIRR(), NOMINAL(), NPER(), NPV(), 
ODDFPRICE(), ODDFYIELD(), ODDLPRICE(), ODDLYIELD(), 
PMT(), PPMT(), PRICE(), PRICEDISC(), PRICEMAT(), PV(), RATE(), 
RECEIVED(), SLN(), SYD(), TBILLEQ(), TBILLPRICE(), TBILLYIELD(), 
VDB(), XIRR(), XNPV(), YIELD(), YIELDDISC(), YIELDMAT(),


&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>brz4nrgcgp9mviqdgqhqzor4gnmmo0e</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679059</id>
      <parentid>4679058</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:25:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jeff1138</username>
        <id>301139</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679059</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="244356" sha1="fef4rrqiew7vdgpwr1zjwqmtcv371so" xml:space="preserve">
==Introduction==


[[#Graphical Image Editing Art]]
[[#Office Application]]
[[#Audio]]

[[#Misc Application]]
[[#Games &amp; Emulation]]

[[#Application Guides]]

[[#top|...to the top]]


[[#top|...to the top]]

Most apps can be opened on the Workbench (aka publicscreen pubscreen) which is the default display option but can offer a custom one set to your configurations (aka custom screen mode promotion). These custom ones tend to stack so the possible use of A-M/A-N method of switching between full screens and the ability to pull down screens as well 

If you are interested in creating or porting new software, see [http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Aros/Developer/Docs here]

{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Internet Applications 
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1 (68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Web Online Browser [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser Amelinium], Odyssey 2.0, [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1175&amp;highlight=odyssey&amp;rowstart=100 Odyssey 3.0], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://juen.in/ Amelinium], [https://blog.alb42.de/programs/amifox/ amifox] with [https://github.com/alb42/wrp wrp server], IBrowse*, [https://github.com/zapek/Voyager Voyager], [https://github.com/reinauer/Voyager Voyager fork GCC] [https://github.com/amigazen/aweb3/ AWeb 3.6 src], [https://github.com/matjam/aweb AWeb Src], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/www/NetSurf-m68k-sources Netsurf], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[ Odyssey OWB], [ Timberwolf (Firefox port 2011)], [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?forum=32&amp;topic_id=32847 OWB-mui], [http://strohmayer.org/owb/ OWB-Reaction], IBrowse*, [http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=network/browser/aweb.lha AWeb], Voyager, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/browser Netsurf], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Wayfarer, [http://fabportnawak.free.fr/owb/ Odyssey OWB], [ Netsurf], IBrowse*, AWeb, [], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Downloading videos and/or audio [https://github.com/yt-dlp/yt-dlp yt-dlp], [https://clipgrab.org/ clipgrab],  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], [ smtube], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], getVideo, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ ytsearch], [https://blog.alb42.de/amitube/ Amitube], [ getVideo], Tubexx 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;E-mailing SMTP POP3 IMAP based 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Emailinium, [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/email SimpleMail], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/simplemail/files/ src], [https://github.com/jens-maus/yam YAM] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Emailinium, [http://sourceforge.net/projects/simplemail/files/ SimpleMail], [https://github.com/jens-maus/yam YAM]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SimpleMail, YAM, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt; SimpleMail, YAM, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Internet Chat IRC, ICB, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat WookieChat], [https://sourceforge.net/projects/wookiechat/ Wookiechat src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat AiRcOS], Jabberwocky, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/charabaruk/WookieChat Wookiechat], AmIRC 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Wookiechat 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Wookiechat], [ AmIRC], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Instant Messaging IM like [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/amidon Hollywood lang based Mastodon client], BlueSky AT protocol, Facebook(TM), Twitter X (TM), Bitlbee IRC Gateway and others 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/kaffeine1/telegram-amiga telegram-amiga], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/chat jabberwocky], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], CLIMM, SabreMSN, [https://sourceforge.net/projects/ajabberwocky/ jabberwocky], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], SabreMSN,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://amitwitter.sourceforge.net/ AmiTwitter], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 PolyglotNG], SabreMSN,
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Torrents 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/p2p ArTorr], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;CTorrent, Transmission 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MLDonkey, Beehive, [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Transmission], CTorrent, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;FTP 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], MarranoFTP, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/wput-0.3.4c.i386-aros wput i386 c src]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiFTP AmiFTP], AmiTradeCenter, ncFTP, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/sana2-tftpclient sana2 tftpclient c src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=5 Pftp], [http://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiFTP-1.935-OS4 AmiFTP], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;WYSIWYG Web Site Editor
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Internet Radio Streaming Audio [http://www.gnu.org/software/gnump3d/ gnump3d], [http://www.icecast.org/ Icecast2] Server (Broadcast) and Client (Listen), [ mpd], [http://darkice.sourceforge.net/ DarkIce], [http://www.dyne.org/software/muse/ Muse], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc], Mplayer (Icecast Client only), 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/sandlbn/TuneFinder TuneFinder C Src], [https://github.com/sandlbn/TuneFinderMUI TuneFinderMUI], [http://amigazeux.net/anr/ AmiNetRadio], [https://github.com/boingball/MintAMP MintAMP], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.tunenet.co.uk/ Tunenet], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Mplayer, AmiNetRadio, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VoIP (Voice over IP) with SIP Client (Session Initiation Protocol) or Asterisk IAX2 Clients Softphone (skype like) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiPhone with Speak Freely, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Weather Forecast 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ WeatherBar], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench AWeather], []
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://amigazeux.net/wetter/ Wetter], [https://github.com/emartisoft/AmiWeatherForecasts AmiWeatherForecasts src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=utility/workbench/flipclock.lha FlipClock], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://amigazeux.net/wetter/ Wetter], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Street Road Maps Route Planning GPS Tracking  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/muimapparium/ MuiMapparium] [https://build.alb42.de/ Build of MuiMapp versions], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiAtlas*, UKRoutePlus*, [http://blog.alb42.de/ AmOSM], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://blog.alb42.de/programs/mapparium/ Mapparium], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Clock and Date setting from the internet by network time protocol (NTP) [https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/ World Clock], [http://www.time.gov/ old standard NIST Internet Time Servers], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/bohunamiga/PiNTP PiNTP], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=utility/workbench/amitimekeeper.i386-aros.lha amitimekeeper with c src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/misc ntpsync], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;ntpsync, [http://aminet.net/package/util/cdity/AmiTimeKeeper amitimekeeper], [http://aminet.net/comm/misc/netclock netclock], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/net/sntp sntp], [http://aminet.net/package/util/time/ScreenTime ScreenTime], [https://github.com/reinauer/SyncTime SyncTime], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Newsgroups
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://newscoaster.sourceforge.net/ Newscoaster], [https://github.com/jens-maus/newsrog NewsRog], [ WorldNews], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;RSS 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/Team-Boingo/AmiRSS AmiRSS src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;AI
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/murinsel/AmigaAI Claude], [https://github.com/geekychris/amiga_mcp AI on host machine], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;BBS
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Graphical Image Editing Art==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Image Editing
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Pixel Raster Artwork [https://github.com/LibreSprite/LibreSprite LibreSprite based on GPL aseprite], [https://github.com/abetusk/hsvhero hsvhero], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ZunePaint/ ZunePaint], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit LunaPaint], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit GrafX2], [ LodePaint needs OpenGL], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.amigaforever.com/classic/download.html PPaint], GrafX2, [https://github.com/grovdata/Amiga_Sources/blob/master/software.md DeluxePaint], [http://www.amiforce.de/perfectpaint/perfectpaint.php PerfectPaint], Zoetrope, Brilliance2*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit LodePaint], GrafX2, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Sketch, Pixel*, GrafX2, [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 LunaPaint]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Image viewing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ ZuneView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer LookHere], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer LoView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer PicShow] , [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;PicShow, PicView, Photoalbum,
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;WarpView, PicShow, flPhoto, Thumbs, [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 ShowGirls], [http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?mode=viewtopic&amp;topic_id=31400&amp;forum=32&amp;start=80&amp;viewmode=flat&amp;order=0#583458 Picture Album]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Photography retouching / Image Manipulation like Photoshop(tm)  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ PhotoCraft], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit RNOEffects], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Tecsoft Video Paint aka TVPaint], Photogenics*, ArtEffect*, ImageFX*, XiPaint, fxPaint, ImageMasterRT, Opalpaint, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;WarpView, flPhoto, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit Photocrop]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 ShowGirls], ImageFX*, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Manage RAW picture folder galleries like Darktable, RAWtherapy, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; [ LightCraft], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Graphic Format Converter - ICC profile support sRGB, Adobe RGB, XYZ and linear RGB 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;GraphicsConverter, ImageStudio, [http://www.coplabs.org/artpro.html ArtPro]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Thumbnail Generator [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/ ZuneView], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/shell Thumbnail Generator]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Icon Editor
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/iconedit Archives], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench Icon Toolbox], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/iconedit IconEditor]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D Pixel Art Animation 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Lunapaint
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;PPaint, AnimatED, Scala*, GoldDisk MovieSetter*, Walt Disney's Animation Studio*, ProDAD*, [https://github.com/historicalsource/DeluxePaint DeluxePaint src], Brilliance
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=3 Titler] 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D SVG based MovieSetter type [https://github.com/Flare-Animate/Flare Flare Animate] 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MovieSetter*, Fantavision*
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Morphing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ GLMorph]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;2D Cad (qcad-&gt;LibreCAD, etc.) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Xcad, MaxonCAD
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Cad like FreeCad, BRL-CAD, OpenSCAD, AvoCADo, [ cadcraft], [https://github.com/tangency-labs/solidcraft solidcraft], [https://github.com/ingelibre/ingetrazo ingetrazo] etc. using dxf, obj (vertices), blend, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;XCad3d*, DynaCADD*, [https://aminet.net/package/gfx/3d/Cycas178_EN Cycas]*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Model Rendering of glft (json) gbl (png jpg), usdz (USD files with materials, textures, and animations), FBX Filmbox is a proprietary Autodesk format, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;POV-Ray
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.discreetfx.com./amigaproducts.html CINEMA 4D]*, POV-Ray, [https://eab.abime.net/showthread.php?t=123609 Lightwave3D RTG]*, Real3D*, Caligari24*, Reflections/Monzoom*, [https://github.com/privatosan/RayStorm Raystorm src], Tornado 3D, [https://github.com/AlphaPixel/Eric-Graham-1987-Juggler-Raytracer-1.0 Eric-Graham-1987-Juggler-Raytracer-1.0]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Blender, POV-Ray, Yafray
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Blender, POV-Ray, Yafray
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Format Converter [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/convert/ 3doc.i386-aros], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/convert/ivcon.lha IVCon]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen grabbing display 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Screengrabber], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/misc snapit], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/record screen recorder], []
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Grab graphics music from apps [https://github.com/Malvineous/ripper6 ripper6], [],
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Manage metadata of images [https://github.com/exiv2/exiv2 exiv2], [ EXIF/IPTC/XMP metadata manipulation], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Office Application==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Office
!width:10%;|AROS (x86)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amiga_software Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1] (68k)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AmigaOS_4 Hyperion OS4] (PPC)
!width:10%;|[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MorphOS MorphOS] (PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Office Suite 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Softwood Final Office], [ Wordworth Office], [ Digita Office],  [ The Works!], [ Europress Mini Office], [], [ Papyrus Office Demo], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Word-processing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ WordCraft], [https://finalwriter.godaddysites.com/ Final Writer 7*], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1995&amp;rowstart=20&amp;pid=12668#post_12668 Slovo], [https://github.com/sodero/MUI-Vim/releases MUI-Vim], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/wordprocessing Cinnamon Writer], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[ Softwood FinalCopy II*], Haage AmigaWriter*, Digita WordWorth*, Softwood FinalWriter*, Micro-Systems Excellence 3*, Arnor Protext, Rashumon, [ InterWord], [ KindWords], [WordPerfect], [ New Horizons Flow], [ CygnusEd Pro], [ Micro-systems Scribble], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AbiWord, [ CinnamonWriter], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ Cinnamon Writer], [http://www.meta-morphos.org/viewtopic.php?topic=1246&amp;forum=53 scriba], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/index.php Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Spreadsheets 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ GridCraft], [https://blog.alb42.de/programs/leu/ Leu], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/spreadsheet ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/biz/spread/ignition-src Ignition Src 1.3], [MaxiPlan 500 Plus], [OXXI Plan/IT v2.0 Speadsheet], [ Superplan], [ Creative Developments TurboCalc], [ ProCalc], [ InterSpread], [Digita DGCalc], [ Gold Disk Advantage], [ Micro-systems Analyze!]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Gnumeric, [https://ignition-amiga.sourceforge.net/ Ignition], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ ignition], [http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php Papyrus Office], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Presentations
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ DeckCraft], [http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, [https://github.com/evaneykelen/mediapoint-amiga MediaPoint C and asm], PointRider, Scala*, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS4--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, PointRider 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.hollywoood-mal.com/ Hollywood]*, PointRider
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Databases 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/database BeeBase], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Precision Superbase 4 Pro*, Arnor Prodata*, [https://sourceforge.net/projects/beebase/ BeeBase], Datastore, FinalData*, AmigaBase, Fiasco, Twist2*, [Digita DGBase], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;BeeBase, SQLite, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=6 BeeBase], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PDF Viewing, editing and digital signatures 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-foliopdf folio version of mupdf], [ PDFCraft], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/arospdf/ ArosPDF via splash xpdf], [https://github.com/wattoc/AROS-vpdf vpdf], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;APDF 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AmiPDF 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;APDF, vPDF, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Note Taking markdown support like Obsidian like, joplin, OneNote, EverNotes, xournalpp, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/text/edit/Kickdown c src with reaction gui], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Study and analyse, collect, organize, annotate, cite, and share
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PIM Personal Information Manager - Day Diary Planner Calendar App Filofax like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Digita Organiser*, On The Ball, Everyday Organiser, [ Contact Manager], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;AOrganiser, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://polymere.free.fr/orga_en.html PolyOrga], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Accounting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=office/misc ETB], LoanCalc, [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|[ Digita Home Accounts2], Accountant, Small Business Accounts, Account Master, [ Amigabok], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Project Management Research 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SuperGantt, SuperPlan, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Desktop 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus5, Wanderer, Scalos, Workbook, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://github.com/zapek/Ambient Ambient Src]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Wide Search 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool Finder], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Wide Dictionary - multilingual [http://sourceforge.net/projects/babiloo/ Babiloo], [http://code.google.com/p/stardict-3/ StarDict], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ],  
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System wide Thesaurus - multi lingual
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], 
|Kuma K-Roget*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Sticky Desktop Notes (post it type) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/util/wb/amimemos.i386-aros AmiMemos], [https://aminet.net/package/util/wb/amimemos.src-aros AmiMemos Src], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/util/wb/StickIt-2.00 StickIt v2], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;DTP Desktop Publishing [ DesignCraft], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit RNOPublisher], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]*, Professional Pro Page*, Saxon Publisher, Pagesetter, PenPal, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]* 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://pagestream.org/ Pagestream]* 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Printing 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Postscript 3 laser printers, [https://github.com/bohunamiga/MintPRINT MintPRINT AirPrint IPP], [ Ghostscript], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/boingball/MintPRINT MintPRINT IPP], [https://github.com/Andiweli/AmiAirprint AmiAirprint], [http://www.irseesoft.de/tp_what.htm TurboPrint]*, [ GutenPrint], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/NetPrinter NetPrinter LPR], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;(some native drivers), 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;early TurboPrint included, [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/NetPrinter NetPrinter LPR], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Scanning 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ SCANdal], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;FxScan*, ScanQuix*, [https://github.com/boingball/MintSCAN MintSCAN], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SCANdal (Sane)
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SCANdal
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;OCR
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/convert gOCR] 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos-files.net/categories/office/text Tesseract] 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Text Editing
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Jano Editor (already installed as Editor), [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit EdiSyn], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit Annotate], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit Vim], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit FrexxEd] [https://github.com/vidarh/FrexxEd src], [ NoWinEd], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/text/edit/TurboText20 TurboText20 ttx], Annotate, MicroGoldED/CubicIDE*, CygnusED*, Protext*, NoWinED, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Notepad, Annotate, CygnusED*, NoWinED, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MorphOS ED, NoWinED, GoldED/CubicIDE*, CygnusED*, Annotate, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Office Fonts [http://sourceforge.net/projects/fontforge/files/fontforge-source/ Font Designer] 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;TypeSmith*, SaxonScript (GetFont Adobe Type 1), 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Drawing Vector
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ vectorcraft], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/amifig/ ZuneFIG previously AmiFIG], [https://github.com/serk118/designworks-aros designworks aros 64bit]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Drawstudio*, ProVector*, ArtExpression*, Professional Draw*, AmiFIG, MetaView, [https://gitlab.com/amigasourcecodepreservation/designworks Design Works Src], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;MindSpace, [http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit amifig], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SteamDraw, [http://aminet.net/package/gfx/edit/amifig amiFIG], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;video conferencing (jitsi) 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;source code hosting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Gitlab, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Remote Desktop (server)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/VNC_Server ArosVNCServer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://s.guillard.free.fr/AmiVNC/AmiVNC.htm AmiVNC], [http://dspach.free.fr/amiga/avnc/index.html AVNC]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://s.guillard.free.fr/AmiVNC/AmiVNC.htm AmiVNC] 
|MorphVNC, vncserver
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Remote Desktop (client) login and connect to another machine 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/zunetools/files/VNC_Client/ ArosVNC], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=network/misc rdesktop], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://dspach.free.fr/amiga/vva/index.html VVA], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|[http://twinvnc.free.fr/index.php?menu=01&amp;lang=eng TwinVNC], [http://www.hd-zone.com/ RDesktop]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;notifications 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Ranchero 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Ringhio 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MagicBeacon 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Biometric facial logins and fingerprint security features 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Bebbossh, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fido U2F (Universal 2nd Factor) and later FIDO2 (W3C WebAuthn with CTAP2) key authorization like Yubico YubiKey, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Audio==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Audio
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing playback Audio like MP3, [https://github.com/chrg127/gmplayer NSF], [https://github.com/kode54/lazyusf miniusf .usflib] [https://gitlab.com/kode54/psflib with pfslib], [], [], etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/play Mplayer], [ HarmonyPlayer hp], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/audio/index.xhtml playcdda] CDs, [ WildMidi Player], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ UADE mod player], [], [ RNOTunes], [ mp3Player], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiNetRadio, AmigaAmp, playOGG, [https://codeberg.org/tygre/amimodradio amimodradio]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;TuneNet, SimplePlay, AmigaAmp, TKPlayer
|AmiNetRadio, Mplayer, Kaya, AmigaAmp
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Audio 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Audio Evolution 4] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/hd-rec/ HD-Rec Src], [http://www.sonicpulse.de/eng/news.html SoundFX], [ Samplitude], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/hd-rec/ HD-Rec], AmiSoundED, [http://os4depot.net/?function=showfile&amp;file=audio/record/audioevolution4.lha Audio Evolution 4] 
|[http://www.hd-rec.de/HD-Rec/index.php?site=home HD-Rec], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Tracker Music
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/hitchhikr/protrekkr Protrekkr], [ Schism Tracker], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/tracker MilkyTracker], [http://www.hivelytracker.com/ HivelyTracker], [ Radium in AROS already],  [http://www.a500.org/downloads/development/index.xhtml libMikMod], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MilkyTracker, HivelyTracker, DigiBooster, Octamed SoundStudio, [https://github.com/elindstrom/soundtracker soundtracker], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;MilkyTracker, HivelyTracker, GoatTracker
|MilkyTracker, GoatTracker, DigiBooster, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Editing Music [], [https://github.com/kmatheussen/camd CAMD] and/or staves and musical notes on manuscript [https://github.com/ratchov/midish midish] midi sequencer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars and Pipes], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars'n'Pipes], MusicX* David &quot;Talin&quot; Joiner &amp; Craig Weeks (for Notator-X), Deluxe Music Construction Set DMCS2*, [https://github.com/timoinutilis/midi-sequencer-amigaos Horny c Src] [https://github.com/kas1e/midi-sequencer-amigaos/tree/master/HornyGCC HornyGCC OS4 src] [https://github.com/capehill/midi-sequencer-amigaos Horny OS4 fork src] [https://www.amigans.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?start=0&amp;topic_id=8143&amp;order=ASC&amp;status=&amp;mode=0 OS4 thread], HD-Rec, [https://aminet.net/package/mus/midi/dominatorV1_51 Dominator], [https://github.com/royaltm/Amiga-midiIn Amiga-midiIn], [ Aegis Sonix 2.0]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/p/hd-rec/code/HEAD/tree/ HD-Rec Src], Rockbeat, [http://bnp.hansfaust.de/download.html Bars'n'Pipes], [https://github.com/gooofy/freeaction Horny OS4 src fork], Audio Evolution 4, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Bars'n'Pipes, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Sound Sampling 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Advanced AHI Recorder all], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/record Audio Evolution 4], [http://www.imica.net/SitePortalPage.aspx?siteid=1&amp;did=162 Quick Record], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc SOX to get AIFF 16bit files], [https://github.com/aros-development-team/AROS/tree/master/workbench/tools/AHIRecord AHIRecord], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/mus/edit/AudioEvolution3_src Audio Evolution 3 c src], [ Samplitude]*, Audiomaster IV*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://github.com/timoinutilis/phonolith-amigaos phonolith c src], HD-Rec, Audio Evolution 4,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/p/hd-rec/code/HEAD/tree/ HD-Rec Src], Audio Evolution 4,
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Audio Processing like easyeffects so having limiter, compressor, convolver, equalizer and auto volume and many other plugins 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Live Looping or Audio Misc - Groovebox like
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CD/DVD burn
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility IsoTools], [https://code.google.com/p/amiga-fryingpan/ FryingPan], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;FryingPan, [ MakeCD], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;FryingPan, AmiDVD, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.amiga.org/forums/printthread.php?t=58736 FryingPan], Jalopeano, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CD/DVD audio rip
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Lame, [http://www.imica.net/SitePortalPage.aspx?siteid=1&amp;cfid=0&amp;did=167 Quick CDrip],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Lame,  
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Lame, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Lame,  
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;MP3 v1 and v2 Tagger
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;id3ren (v1), [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/edit mp3info], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Audio Convert
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc Sox], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/mus/misc/SoundBox SoundBox], [http://aminet.net/package/mus/misc/SoundBoxKey SoundBox Key], [http://aminet.net/package/mus/edit/SampleE SampleE], sox 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;DJ mixing jamming 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/djh0ffman/PT1210 Hoffman PT1210 DJ tracker], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Radio Automation Software [http://www.rivendellaudio.org/ Rivendell], [http://code.campware.org/projects/livesupport/report/3 Campware LiveSupport], [http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/ SourceFabric AirTime], [http://www.ohloh.net/p/mediabox404 MediaBox404], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speakers Audio Sonos Mains AC networked wired controlled 
*2005 ZP100 with ZP80 
*2008 Zoneplayer ZP120 (multi-room wireless amp)  ZP90 receiver only with CR100 controller, 
*2009 ZonePlayer S5, 
*2010 BR100 wireless Bridge (no support),   
*2011 Play:3
*2013 Bridge (no support), Play:1,  
*2016 Arc,   Play:1,   
*Beam (Gen 2),   Playbar,  Ray,   Era 100,   Era 300,   Roam,   Move 2,   
*Sub (Gen 3),   Sub Mini,  Five,  Amp  S2 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;SonosController 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SonosController
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;SonosController
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;SonosController
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Smart Speakers 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]

==Video Creativity and Production==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Video
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing Video 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/play Mplayer], [ VAMP], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/video/index.xhtml CDXL player], [http://www.a500.org/downloads/video/index.xhtml IffAnimPlay], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Frogger*, AMP2, MPlayer, RiVA*, MooViD*, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;DvPlayer, MPlayer 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;MPlayer, Frogger, AMP2, VLC 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Streaming Video and game streaming like OBS studio, Parsec, [https://github.com/lizardbyte/sunshine sunshine], [https://github.com/moonlight-stream/moonlight-qt moonlight], etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Playing DVD 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://a-mc.biz/ AMC]*, Mplayer 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AMP2, Frogger 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://a-mc.biz/ AMC]*, DvPlayer*, AMP2,  
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Mplayer 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Recording
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=video/record Screenrecorder], [ ], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Screenrecorder, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Create Edit Individual Video [https://github.com/storytold/filmcraft filmcraft]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Mencoder], [ Quick Videos], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/edit AVIbuild], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/misc FrameBuild], FFMPEG, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ MainConcept Mainactor Broadcast*], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Toaster Video Toaster*] with [https://discreetfx.com/openvideotoaster.html some c src], MacroSystem MovieShop 4.3*, proDAD Adorage*, [ IOSpirit VHI studio]*, [Gold Disk ShowMaker], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;FFMpeg/GUI 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Blender, Mencoder, FFmpeg
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Subtitle editor 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/text/edit/Slarti_Arosx86ABIv0 Slarti_Arosx86ABIv0], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;IP-based video production workflows with High Dynamic Range (HDR), 10-bit color collaborative NDI, 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Blogging like Lemmy or kbin
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR face recognition for Vtubers 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR chatting Live2D models with Cubism type editor or [https://github.com/AyagamiDev/ayagami ayagami] like with zipped moc3 with model metadata (model3, cdi3) 
&lt;pre&gt;
Model data (cmo3)
Basic motions (can3)
Background image (png)
Set of files for embedding (runtime folder)
• Model data (moc3)
• Motion data (motion3.json)
• Model settings file (model3.json)
• Physics settings file (physics3.json)
• Display auxiliary file (cdi3.json)
&lt;/pre&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;VR chatting chatters .VRML models - standardized 3D file format for VR avatars 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;V-tubers V-tubing like Vseeface with Openseeface tracker or Vpuppr (virtual puppet project) for online live 2d / 3d art models rigging rigged LIV 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.

[[#top|...to the top]]


==Misc Application==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1 (68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;File Management 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 DOpus Magellan aka DOpus 5], [ Scalos], [ FileMaster], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;DOpus2, DOpus 4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], ClassAction, FileMaster, DirWork 2*, [https://github.com/RudolphRiedel/DiskMaster2 DiskMaster2 src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], Filer, AmiDisk 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;DOpus4, [https://github.com/BlitterStudio/dopus5 Dopus5 Magellan], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Package Application Installer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak?tab=repositories Pkg manager], [https://aros-pkg.azurewebsites.net/search?arch=x86_64 Pkg], [ InstallerNG], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;InstallerNG, Grunch, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Jack
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Jack 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Compression archiver [https://github.com/FS-make-simple/paq9a paq9a], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;XAD system is a toolkit designed for handling various file and disk archiver
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/util/pack/decrunchmania_os4 Crunchmania CrM2 depacker], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Binary Hexadecimal Editor 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/edit Zaphod], [],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Filesystem Partition Editor formatter Disk Management
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1440&amp;highlight=partition&amp;pid=8821#post_8821 QuickPart], [ HDToolBox]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/stefanskotte/hdpart hdpart], [https://github.com/ChuckyGang/AmiPart AmiPart], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Filesystem Repair and backups 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;ArSFSDoctor, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/disk/bakup/quarterback_src Quarterback Tools C and asm src], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System Disk check, integrity and history [https://github.com/smartmontools/smartmontools smart tools], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;File Verification / Repair 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility md5sum], [https://arosarchives.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool asum], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/filetool workpar2] (PAR2),  [http://zakalwe.fi/~shd/foss/cksfv/files/ compile cksfv from website], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Par2, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Multiple File renaming
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;DOpus 4 or 5, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Anti Virus
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;VChecker, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Random Wallpaper Desktop changer [ DOpus5], [ Scalos],  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Alarm Clock, Timer, Stopwatch, Countdown 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/workbench DClock], [http://aminet.net/util/time/AlarmClockAROS.lha AlarmClock], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Edge snap window tool 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/kaffeine1/edgesnap edgesnap]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}


==Misc Application 2==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;C/C++ IDE Integrated Development 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://sourceforge.net/projects/aidea/ AIDEa], [ Murks], [],  
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://devplex.awardspace.biz/cubic/index.html Cubic IDE]*, [ StormC], [https://github.com/jens-maus/amide amide], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;CodeBench , [https://gitlab.com/boemann/codecraft CodeCraft], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://devplex.awardspace.biz/cubic/index.html Cubic IDE]*, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;C/C++ Text Editors 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit FrexxEd], [https://github.com/vidarh/FrexxEd FrexxEd src], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/text/edit Annotate] with [https://www.onyxsoft.se/files/annotate_src.lha src], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Protext], [ CED], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[https://www.onyxsoft.se/annotate.html Annotate], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Repository
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Git]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Git
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;BASIC Computer Language 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/language Basic4SDL], [ Ace Basic], [ X-AMOS], [SDLBasic], [ Alvyn], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.amiforce.de/main.php Amiblitz 3] with [https://github.com/AmiBlitz/AmiBlitz3 Asm src], [http://amos.condor.serverpro3.com/AmosProManual/contents/c1.html Amos Pro] with [https://github.com/AmiDARK/AmosProfessionalUnity-Official-Releases Asm src], [http://aminet.net/package/dev/basic/ace24dist ACE Basic], [https://github.com/gooofy/aqb aqb], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;sdlBasic
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Computer Languages Translation [https://tetracorp.github.io/guide/reverse-engineering-amiga.html], [https://amigasourcecodepreservation.gitlab.io/amiga-assembler-insider-guide/], [https://github.com/kermitfrog/Amiga-Re-Engineering Rust, Ghidra and FS-UAE], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://bitbucket.org/rhinoid/convert68000toc/src/main/ convert m68k seka asm-one to c], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Gui Creators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/guitool MuiBuilder], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ MuiBuilder],  
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Catalog .cd .ct Custom App Language Editors 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;FlexCat, [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility Flexcat GUI], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.geit.de/deu_simplecat.html SimpleCat], FlexCat
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/dev/misc/simplecat SimpleCat], FlexCat
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.geit.de/deu_simplecat.html SimpleCat], FlexCat
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Cross Development 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/geekychris/amiga_mcp amiga_mcp], [https://github.com/mbergmann-sh/AmigaED4-IDE AmigaED4-IDE], [https://lemonspawn.com/turbo-rascal-syntax-error-expected-but-begin/ Turbo Rascal], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Misc Application 3==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;System 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ SysExplorer], [ SysMon], [ Scout], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Terminals Shells CLIs 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/limpet limpet], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;OSK On Screen Keyboard
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/util/wb/OSK.lha OSK]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Magnifier Magnifying Glass Magnification 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://www.onyxsoft.se/files/zoomit.lha ZoomIT], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Comic Book CBR CBZ format reader viewer 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer comics], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/viewer comicon], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Ebook Reader 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/#legadon Legadon EPUB],[]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Ebook Converter 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Text to Speech tts [https://github.com/JonathanFly/bark-installer Bark], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Echo &quot; &quot; &gt;SPEAK:A1 inbuilt], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=audio/misc flite], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.text2speech.com translator], [https://github.com/sidick/narrator.wyoming narrator.wyoming], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=search&amp;tool=simple FLite]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://se.aminet.net/pub/aminet/mus/misc/ FLite]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speech Voice Recognition Dictation - [http://sourceforge.net/projects/cmusphinx/files/ CMU Sphinx], [http://julius.sourceforge.jp/en_index.php?q=en/index.html Julius], [http://www.isip.piconepress.com/projects/speech/index.html ISIP], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Speech Voice Changer [], [], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Screen Display Blanker screensaver 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Blanker Commodity (built in), [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/screenblanker GarshneBlanker], [http://sourceforge.net/projects/gblanker/ GBlanker Src], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;MultiCX, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;ModernArt Blanker, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fortune Cookie Quotes Sayings 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/misc AFortune], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|}


==Misc Application 4==
{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:30%;|Misc Application
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|Commodore-Amiga OS 3.1(68k)
!width:10%;|Hyperion OS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Fractals mandelbrot, etc 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/misc], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;ZoneXplorer, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Landscape Rendering 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/raytrace WCS World Construction Set], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Vista Pro], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Construction_Set World Construction Set]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[ WCS World Construction Set],
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[ WCS World Construction Set],
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Astronomy [https://sourceforge.net/projects/skychart/ skychart freepascal], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Digital Almanac (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/search?query=planetarium Aminet search], [http://aminet.net/misc/sci/DA3V56ISO.zip Digital Almanac], [https://aminet.net/package/misc/sci/da3sourceV58 Src c V58], [ Galileo renamed to Distant Suns]*, [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://sourceforge.net/projects/digital-almanac/ Digital Almanac], Distant Suns*, [http://www.digitaluniverse.org.uk/ Digital Universe]*,
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://www.aminet.net/misc/sci/da3.lha Digital Almanac], [http://www.aminet.net/package/misc/sci/da3-mos-src Src c V56], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Astrology [https://sourceforge.net/projects/skylendar/ skylendar], [https://github.com/CruiserOne/Astrolog Astrolog], [https://www.astrolog.org/astrolog/astfile.htm Astrology alt site], [https://saravali.github.io/download.html Maitreya], [https://github.com/alamahant/Asteria Asteria], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Genealogy History Family Tree Ancestry Records (FreeBMD, FreeREG, and FreeCEN file formats or GEDCOM GenTree)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt; [ Origins], [ Your Family Tree], [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Languages 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Fun School, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Mathematics ([http://www-fourier.ujf-grenoble.fr/~parisse/install_en.html Xcas], etc.), 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/scientific mathX] 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Maple V, mathX, Fun School, GCSE Maths, [ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Yacas 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Yacas 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Maths Graph Function Plotting
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://blog.alb42.de/programs/#MUIPlot MUIPlot], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;App Utility Launcher Dock toolbar  
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=utility/docky BoingBar], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/adkennan/DockBot Dockbot],
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;3D Printer [https://github.com/OrcaSlicer/OrcaSlicer OrcaSlicer]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;CNC control with laser and vinyl cutting 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;PCB design
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt; 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ ], [ ], [ ], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Digital Signage
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Hollywood, Hollywood Designer 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;HAM radio, amateur radio, packet radio,  [], [], [], [https://cemaxecuter.com/ Dragon OS], [https://github.com/km4ack/73Linux with 73 link update], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YAL5KNePRSg video for], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/punktniklas/NiKom NiKom], [https://www.amigarealm.com/amiga/amicomms/comm4.htm Comm4], [https://www.amigarealm.com/archives/comms/aarug/ TNC Terminal Node Controller with packets over serial connections on Yaesu or Woxum handheld], [https://aminet.net/comm/misc AmiCom], [ with 7Plus file encoder/decoder], [ mksstv], [ RTTYam], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;modern smart home network like Home Assistant Automation Yellow, Green, Mosquitto, EMQX, IFTTT (aka IF This Then That), 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/evil4dmin/ami2ha HA], [https://github.com/sidick/midge mtqq.lib], [https://aminet.net/package/comm/tcp/AmiHomeassist-0.7 AmiHomeassist], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Teaching classroom learning training [https://github.com/moodle/moodle moodle], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Commercial product.


==Games &amp; Emulation==

Some emulators/games require OpenGL to function and to adjust ahi prefs channels, frequency and unit0 and unit1 and 
[http://aros.sourceforge.net/documentation/users/shell/changetaskpri.php changetaskpri -1]

Rom patching  https://www.marcrobledo.com/RomPatcher.js/ https://www.romhacking.net/patch/ (ips, ups, bps, etc) and this other site supports the latter formats https://hack64.net/tools/patcher.php 

Free public domain roms for use with emulators can be found [http://www.pdroms.de/ here] as most of the rest are covered by copyright rules. If you like to read about old games see [http://retrogamingtimes.com/ here] and [http://www.armchairarcade.com/neo/ here] and a [http://www.vintagecomputing.com/ blog] about old computers. Possibly some of the [http://www.answers.com/topic/list-of-best-selling-computer-and-video-games best selling] of all time. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_computer_system_emulators Wiki] with emulated systems list.

[https://archive.gamehistory.org/ Archive of VGHF], [https://library.gamehistory.org/ Video Game History Foundation Library search]


{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:10%;|Games [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Emulation]
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS3(68k)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Amstrad CPC 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [ Caprice32 (OpenGL &amp; pure SDL)], [ Arnold], [https://retroshowcase.gr/cpcbox-master/], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Apple2 and 2GS
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Arcade 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Mame], [ SI Emu (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Mame, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem xmame], amiarcadia, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2 Mame], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 2600 [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Stella], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 5200 [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/A5200DS A5200DS], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 7800
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari 400 800 130XL [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/A8DS A8DS], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Atari800], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari Lynx
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://myfreefilehosting.com/f/6366e11bdf_1.93MB Handy (ABIv0 only)], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Atari Jaguar
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Bandai Wonderswan 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation BBC Micro and Acorn Electron [http://beehttps://bem-unix.bbcmicro.com/download.html BeebEm], [http://b-em.bbcmicro.com/ B-Em], [http://elkulator.acornelectron.co.uk/ Elkulator], [http://electrem.emuunlim.com/ ElectrEm], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Dragon 32 and Tandy CoCo [http://www.6809.org.uk/xroar/ xroar], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore C16 Plus4
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore C64
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Vice (ABIv0 only)], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Frodo, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem viceplus], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;Vice, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Commodore Amiga
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Janus UAE], Emumiga, 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer UAE], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=2 UAE], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Japanese MSX MSX2 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Mattel Intelivision
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Mattel Colecovision and Adam
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Milton Bradley (MB) Vectrex [ Vectrex OpenGL], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation PICO8 Pico-8 fantasy video game console [https://github.com/egordorichev/pemsa-sdl/ pemsa-sdl], [https://github.com/jtothebell/fake-08 fake-08], [https://github.com/Epicpkmn11/fake-08/tree/wip fake-08 fork], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo Gameboy
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem vba no sound], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem vba]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo NES
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ EmiNES], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Fceu], [https://github.com/takahirox/nes-js?tab=readme-ov-file nes-js], [https://github.com/bfirsh/jsnes jsnes], [https://github.com/angelo-wf/NesJs NesJs], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;AmiNES, [http://www.dridus.com/~nyef/darcnes/ darcNES], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem amines]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo SNES
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Zsnes], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem warpsnes]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://fabportnawak.free.fr/snes/ Snes9x], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Nintendo N64 
*HLE and plugins [ mupen64], [https://github.com/ares-emulator/ares ares], [https://github.com/N64Recomp/N64Recomp N64Recomp], [https://github.com/rt64/rt64 rt64], [https://github.com/simple64/simple64 Simple64], 
*LLE [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/mupen64plus/ Mupen64+],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/mupen64plus/ Mupen64+], [http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/tr-981125_src TR64], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Nintendo Gamecube Wii]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Nintendo Wii U]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://github.com/yuzu-emu Nintendo Switch]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation NEC PC Engine 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[], [], [https://github.com/yhzmr442/jspce js-pce], 
|[http://www.hugo.fr.fm/ Hugo], [http://mednafen.sourceforge.net/ Mednafen], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem tgemu]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Master System (SMS)
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Dega], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem sms], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem osmose]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Genesis/Megadrive
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem gp no sound], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem DGen], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://code.google.com/p/genplus-gx/ Genplus], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem genesisplus]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Saturn 
*HLE [https://mednafen.github.io/ mednafen], [http://yabause.org/ yabause], [], 
*LLE [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;?
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://yabause.org/ Yabause], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sega Dreamcast 
*HLE [https://github.com/flyinghead/flycast  flycast], [https://code.google.com/archive/p/nulldc/downloads NullDC], 
*LLE [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;?
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair ZX80 and ZX81 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair Spectrum 
|[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Fuse (crackly sound)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer SimCoupe], [ FBZX slow], [https://jsspeccy.zxdemo.org/ jsspeccy], [http://torinak.com/qaop/games qaop], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://www.zophar.net/sinclair.html Speculator], [http://www.worldofspectrum.org/x128/index.html X128], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sinclair QL
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/QDOS4amiga1 QDOS4amiga]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation SNK NeoGeo Pocket
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem gngeo], NeoPop, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation Sony PlayStation
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem FPSE], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem FPSE]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Sony PS2]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[ Sony PS3]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://vita3k.org/ Sony Vita]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;[https://github.com/shadps4-emu/shadPS4 PS4]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tangerine_Computer_Systems Tangerine] Oric and Atmos 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer Oricutron]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.os4depot.net/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/gamesystem Oricutron]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/oricutron Oricutron]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation TI 99/4 99/4A [https://github.com/wavemotion-dave/DS994a DS994a], [], [https://js99er.net/#/ js99er], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/computer], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/TI4Amiga TI4Amiga], [http://aminet.net/package/misc/emu/TI4Amiga_src TI4Amiga src in c], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation HP 38G 40GS 48 49G/50G Graphing Calculators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Emulation TI 58 83 84 85 86 - 89 92 Graphing Calculators
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games emulation Ms-Dos Dosbox type 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-boxerapp Boxer]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}

{|  class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
|- 
!width:10%;|Games [https://www.rockpapershotgun.com/ General]
!width:10%;|AROS(x86)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS3(68k)
!width:10%;|AmigaOS4(PPC)
!width:10%;|MorphOS(PPC)
|- style=&quot;background:lightgrey;{{text default color}}; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;&quot;
| Games [https://www.trackawesomelist.com/michelpereira/awesome-open-source-games/ Open Source and others] || AROS || Amiga OS || Amiga OS4 || Morphos 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Action like [https://github.com/opentomb/OpenTomb opentomb], [https://github.com/LostArtefacts/TRX TRX formerly Tomb1Main], [https://github.com/TombEngine TombEngine], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action Thrust], [https://github.com/fragglet/sdl-sopwith sdl sopwith], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action BOH], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/BSzili/OpenLara/tree/amiga/src source of openlara SDL2], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Adventure like [http://dotg.sourceforge.net/ DMJ], [https://github.com/kromenak/gengine Gabriel Knight 3], [http://www.sarien.net/ Sierra Sarien], [https://github.com/klembot/twinejs twine js], [https://github.com/QSPFoundation/qspgui Quest Soft Player QSP], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/adventure dmagnetic], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=browse&amp;cat=emulation/misc ScummVM], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying frotz infocom], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Board like [https://github.com/aperture-software/colditz-escape escape from colditz], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/board], [http://amigan.1emu.net/releases Africa]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Cards 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/card], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=180&amp;pid=12934#post_12934 Balatro], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;[http://home.arcor.de/amigasolitaire/e/welcome.html Reko], [https://github.com/samskivert/beschei-en beschei Src], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Misc [https://github.com/michelpereira/awesome-open-source-games Awesome open], [https://github.com/bobeff/open-source-games General Open Source], [https://github.com/SAT-R/sa2 Sonic Advance 2], [https://github.com/velorek1/cwordle Wordle type], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/misc], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games FPS like [https://aminet.net/package/game/shoot/D1X_Rebirth_AGA Descent D1X src], [https://github.com/DescentDevelopers/Descent3 Descent 3], [https://github.com/Fewnity/Counter-Strike-Nintendo-DS Counter-Strike-Nintendo-DS], [https://github.com/Aleph-One-Marathon/alephone Bungie Marathon 1994], [https://zdoom.org/downloads UzDoom opengl 3.3], [https://github.com/ZDoom/gzdoom gzdoom opengl 3+], [https://zdoom.org/downloads LZDoom opengl 2.1], [https://github.com/OpenXRay/xray-16 S.T.A.L.K.E.R Xray], [https://staniks.github.io/articles/serious-engine-networking-analysis/ Serious Sam] [https://github.com/Croteam-official/Serious-Engine Serious Engine 1]
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;Doom, Quake, [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Quake 3 Arena (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Cube (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Assault Cube (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Cube 2 Sauerbraten (OpenGL)], [http://fodquake.net/test/ FodQuake QuakeWorld], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Duke Nukem 3D], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Darkplaces Nexuiz Xonotic], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Doom 3 SDL (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Hexenworld and Hexen 2], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Aliens vs Predator Gold 2000 avp (openGL)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/fps Odamex (openGL doom)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/fps/ zgloom], [], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/fps/ ab3dhd], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;Doom, Quake, AB3D, Fears, Breathless, Gloom, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;Doom, Quake, 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12 Doom], Quake, Quake 3 Arena, 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games MMORG like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Eternal Lands (OpenGL)],
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Platform like 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/platform], [ Maze of Galious], [ Gish]*(openGL), [ Mega Mario], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ thextech SMBX], [http://www.gianas-return.de/ Giana's Return], [http://www.sqrxz.de/ Sqrxz], [www.sqrxz2.de/ Sqrxz 2], [http://www.sqrxz.de/sqrxz-3/ Sqrxz 3], [http://www.sqrxz.de/sqrxz-4/ Sqrxz 4], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/platform Cave Story], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ Frogatto], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ OpenJazz], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ pekkakana2], [ Aquaria], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/platform/ sonic CD], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[ Giana Sisters], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Puzzle [https://github.com/mariopartyrd/marioparty4/tree/port Party], [https://github.com/mdodis/OpenSolomonsKey OpenSolomonsKey], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/puzzle], [ Cubosphere (OpenGL)], [http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/puzzle Candy Crisis], [http://bszili.morphos.me/ TailTale], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Sports 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-swos OpenSWOS], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Racing [ Trigger Rally], [ VDrift], [http://www.ultimatestunts.nl/index.php?page=2&amp;lang=en Ultimate Stunts], [http://maniadrive.raydium.org/ Mania Drive], [https://github.com/plowteam/donut Simpsons Hit and Run], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[ Super Tux Kart (OpenGL)], [http://www.dusabledanslherbe.eu/AROSPage/F1Spirit.30.html F1 Spirit (OpenGL)], [http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html MultiRacer], [https://bszili.morphos.me/ Speed Dreams], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/driving/dethrace-0.10.1.x86_64-aros-v11.zip Carmageddon dethrace 64bit], [http://maniadrive.raydium.org/index.php?downloads=yes maniadrive like trackmania], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html Speed Dreams], 
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12], [http://bszili.morphos.me/index.html TORCS], 
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 1st first person DRPG [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/OpenEnroth/OpenEnroth OpenEnroth MM], []
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/BSzili/aros-stuff Arx Libertatis], [http://www.playfuljs.com/a-first-person-engine-in-265-lines/ js raycaster], [https://github.com/Dorthu/es6-crpg webgl], [https://github.com/sonountaleban/AmiShockolate System Shock], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;Phantasie, Faery Tale, Dungeon Master, 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 3rd third person action CRPG  [https://sourceforge.net/projects/sumwars/ Summoning Wars], [https://www.solarus-games.org/ Solarus], [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/alexbatalov/fallout1-ce fallout ce], [https://github.com/rwengine/openrw gta3], [https://github.com/gta-reversed/gta-reversed gta3 sa], [https://github.com/mrxenginner/reVC gta3 vc revc], [https://github.com/jakobharder/burntime/tree/main Burntime], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ fheroes2 homm2], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ breakhack], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ devilutionx diablo 1 hellfire], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/roleplaying/ fallout 1], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ stratagus], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ hostile-takeover], [https://github.com/Kalamatee/ Openmw], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games isometric RPG [https://sourceforge.net/projects/sumwars/ Summoning Wars], [https://www.solarus-games.org/ Solarus], [https://wiki.rpg.net/index.php/Open_Game_Systems Misc], [https://github.com/topics/dungeon?l=javascript Dungeon], [], [https://github.com/clintbellanger/heroine-dusk JS Dusk], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying nethack], [https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/roleplaying GemRB], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games card based RPG [https://github.com/open-duelyst/duelyst Duelyst], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games turn based tactics RPG [], [], [], [], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/strategy UFO AI], [http://play.freeciv.org/ FreeCiv], [https://juen.in Aveterna online civ], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Strategy [http://rtsgus.org/ RTSgus], [http://stargus.sourceforge.net/ Stargus], [https://github.com/KD-lab-Open-Source/Perimeter Perimeter], [https://matty77.itch.io/conflict-3049 conflict-3049], [https://github.com/ZeroK-RTS/Zero-K Zero-K multi player rts lua], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/strategy MegaGlest (OpenGL)], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/strategy/ signus], [https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=140&amp;pid=12446#post_12446 Wargus warcraft 2 setup], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://aminet.net/package/game/strat/OpenDUNE_RTG OpenDUNE_RTG src]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Rhythm, Beat, Step [], [], [https://clonehero.net/ clonehero], [https://github.com/MatteoGodzilla/Dj-Engine Dj-Engine], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/misc Frets on Fire], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Shoot Em Ups [http://www.mhgames.org/oldies/formido/ Formido], [http://code.google.com/p/violetland/ Violetland], 
||&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=game/action Open Tyrian], [http://www.parallelrealities.co.uk/projects/starfighter.php Starfighter], [ Alien Blaster], [https://github.com/OpenFodder/openfodder OpenFodder], [https://archives.arosworld.org/?function=showfile&amp;file=game/action/ tbftss The Battle for the Solar System: the Pandora War]
|&lt;!--AmigaOS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;[http://www.parallelrealities.co.uk/projects/starfighter.php Starfighter], [ The Battle for the Solar System: the Pandora War]
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Simulations [http://scp.indiegames.us/ Freespace 2], [http://www.heptargon.de/gl-117/gl-117.html GL117], [http://code.google.com/p/corsix-th/ Theme Hospital], [http://code.google.com/p/freerct/ Rollercoaster Tycoon], [http://hedgewars.org/ Hedgewars], [https://github.com/raceintospace/raceintospace raceintospace], [https://github.com/Return-To-The-Roots RTTR Settlers 2], [https://github.com/OoliteProject/oolite oolite elite], [https://github.com/fesh0r/newkind newkind elite], [https://github.com/bohemiainteractive/cwr Arma Cold War Src], [https://github.com/endless-sky/endless-sky endless-sky], [https://github.com/pioneerspacesim/pioneer pioneer space command], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/tomaszstaniak/aros-micropolis micropolis]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;SimCity, SimAnt, Sim Hospital, Theme Park, [https://github.com/angree/openttd_amiga_68k openttd amiga_68k], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;[http://morphos.lukysoft.cz/en/vypis.php?kat=12]
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Life Sim [https://github.com/ACreTeam/forest Animal Crossing], [ ], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Horror [https://github.com/Mikompilation/MikuPan Fatal Frame], [ ], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Sandbox Voxel Open World Exploration [https://github.com/ClassiCube/ Classicube],[http://www.michaelfogleman.com/craft/ Craft], [https://github.com/tothpaul/DelphiCraft DelphiCraft],[https://www.minetest.net/ Luanti formerly Minetest], [ infiniminer], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://github.com/Kalamatee/veloren veloren]
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Battle Royale [https://bruh.io/ Play.Bruh.io], [https://www.coolmathgames.com/0-copter Copter Royale], [https://surviv.io/ Surviv.io], [https://nuggetroyale.io/#Ketchup Nugget Royale], [https://miniroyale2.io/ Miniroyale2.io], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Tower Defense [https://chriscourses.github.io/tower-defense/ HTML5], [https://github.com/SBardak/Tower-Defense-Game TD C++], [https://github.com/bdoms/love_defense LUA and LOVE], [https://github.com/HyOsori/Osori-WebGame HTML5], [https://github.com/PascalCorpsman/ConfigTD ConfigTD Pascal], [https://github.com/GloriousEggroll/wine-ge-custom Wine], []
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arosworld.org/infusions/forum/viewthread.php?thread_id=1443&amp;rowstart=180&amp;pid=12871#post_12871 Plants vs Zombies PvZ], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/boingball/miggy-tower-defense miggy-tower-defense], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Visual Novel Engines [https://github.com/diane1f0cd/VisualNovelTemplate Visual Novel Template], [https://github.com/Kirilllive/tuesday-js Tuesday JS], [https://github.com/tejasnayak25/vnsutra vnsutra], [https://github.com/weetabix-su/renpsp-dev RenPSP], [https://github.com/Galladite27/ONScripter-EN ONScripter-EN], [https://github.com/NathanGuilhot/VNES-Raylib https://github.com/NathanGuilhot/VNES VNES in Raylib], [https://www.renpy.org/latest.html renpy ren'py python based], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Reality VR [https://gitlab.com/madsbuvi/openmw openmw vr], [https://github.com/Team-Beef-Studios/BeefRaiderXR BeefRaiderXR], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Table Top VTT [ Roll20], [https://www.owlbear.rodeo/ owlbear rodeo], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Computer assisted TableTop TTRPG OSR [https://www.rpgsolo.com/play.php RPGSolo], [https://github.com/fpsvogel/solo-ttrpgs Solo TTRPG], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games 2D 3D Engines [https://github.com/fegennari/3DWorld 3DWorld], [https://github.com/GarageGames/Torque3D Torque3D], [https://github.com/gameplay3d/GamePlay GamePlay 3D],  [https://www.babylonjs.com/ BabylonJS ], [ Godot], [ Ogre], [ Crystal Space], [https://github.com/JacobHess03/ Dragon-Quest like], [https://github.com/bjornbytes/lovr Lua LOVE for 2D LOVR for 3D], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[https://www.arkhamdev.net/wiki.htm?id=agx Arkham Development antiryadgx 8.9 lts with register], [], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;[https://github.com/alpyre/Sevgi_Engine Sevgi Engine], [], [], 
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games C based game frameworks [https://github.com/orangeduck/Corange Corange], [https://github.com/scottcgi/Mojoc Mojoc], [https://orx-project.org/ Orx], [https://github.com/ioquake/ioq3 Quake 3], [https://www.mapeditor.org/ Tiled], [https://www.raylib.com/ 2d Raylib], [https://github.com/Rabios/awesome-raylib other raylib], [https://github.com/MrFrenik/gunslinger Gunslinger], [https://o3de.org/ o3d], [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/library GLFW], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;[http://archives.arosworld.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=development/library Raylib 5], 
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games RPGMaker MV/MZ-compatible projects [https://github.com/Psychronic-Games/RPGReactor RPGReactor js],
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games Virtual Pinball [https://github.com/vpinball/vpinball vpinball], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;Games unpack unarc [], [], 
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|-
|&lt;!--Sub Menu--&gt;
|&lt;!--AROS--&gt;
|&lt;!--Amiga OS--&gt;
|&lt;!--AmigaOS4--&gt;
|&lt;!--MorphOS--&gt;
|}


==Application Guides==

[[#top|...to the top]]

===Web Browser===

OWB is now at version 2.0 (which got an engine refresh, from July 2015 to February 2019) and 3.0.

This latest version has a good support for many/most web sites, even YouTube web page now works. [https://www.bilibili.tv/en/search untested] 

This improved compatibility comes at the expense of higher RAM usage (now 1GB RAM is the absolute minimum). 

Also, keep in mind that the lack of a JIT (Just-In-Time) JS compiler on the 32 bit version, makes the web surfing a bit slow. 

Only the 64 bit version of OWB 2.0 will have JIT enabled, thus benefitting of more speed. There are tooltypes that can be added to the icon to provide further features JIT, MSE etc 


Certificates from [https://curl.se/docs/caextract.html ca certs], 


DNS tracking blocking with [https://easylist.to/easylist/easylist.txt easylist.txt] in PROGDIR:Conf before starting browser with enabled AdBlock [https://github.com/easylist/easylist/tree/master easylist], [https://gitlab.com/eyeo anti abp], [https://firebog.net/ big blocklist], [https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts Steves], [], [], 

This can be enabled with OWB Odyssey with Windows -&gt; Content Blocking and Windows -&gt; Messages and enter 

 https://www.youtube.com/api/stats/ads*
 https://www.youtube.com/pagead/adview*
 https://www.youtube.com#@##player-ads*

into your custom filters 


Element blocker browser extension might be needed for [https://github.com/easylist/easylist/wiki/Youtube-Issues youtube], [ mid roll], [ pre roll], [ ],  


OWB speed is much better when running from RAM Disk, the best way is to add the below into your S:User-Startup which copies OWB drawer from Extras:Internet/OWB to RAM Disk: 

So add this :
&lt;pre&gt;
copy Extras:Internet/OWB Ram:OWB/ ALL CLONE &gt;NIL:
copy Extras:Internet/OWB.info Ram: &gt;NIL:
&lt;/pre&gt;
Open RAM Disk and open OWB drawer and double click on OWB icon so that the above icon tooltypes are activated 

Problems are that the copy time is long (around 20 seconds added in the background), but we can make it faster if we delete useless files from the OWB drawer (docs, …)
If you don’t copy the drawer back onto the HD, you won’t save your cache, cookies, passwords… So you need a script for it.

 copy Extras:Internet/Amelinium/#? Ram:Amelinium/ ALL CLONE &gt;NIL: 

Error messages 

SSL error &quot;cant verify with ca-certificates&quot;, check bios clock time date is correct 

Error 6, try checking networking prefs settings and Save / Use preferences again or a '''few times''' otherwise the network chipset may not be compatible with Aros 


[https://www.google.com/search?q=%s&amp;udm=14 Google search without AI overview] 
[ DuckDuckGo]
[ Ecosia]
[ Qwant]
[ Swisscows]
[ Mojeek]
[ Brave Search]
[ PreSearch]
[ Startpage] 


===E-mail===

 Emailinium is now available for IMAP and POP3 based accounts 

YAM does not support SSL and most mail providers now switched to encrypted SMTP/POP3 connections


====SimpleMail====

SimpleMail supports IMAP and appears to work with GMail, but it's never been reliable enough, it can crash with large mailboxes.

Please read more on this [http://www.freelists.org/list/simplemail-usr User list]


 GMail

Be sure to activate the pop3 usage in your gmail account setup / configuration first.

pop3: 
pop.gmail.com
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 995

smtp:
smtp.gmail.com (with authentication)
Use Authentication: Yes
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 465 or 587


 Hotmail/MSN/outlook/Microsoft Mail mid-2017, all outlook.com accounts will be migrated to Office 365 / Exchange

Most users are currently on POP which does not allow showing folders and many other features (technical limitations of POP3). With Microsoft IMAP you will get folders, sync read/unread, and show flags. You still won't get push though, as Microsoft has not turned on the IMAP Idle command as at Sept 2013.

If you want to try it, you need to first remove (you can't edit) your pop account (long-press the account on the accounts screen, delete account). Then set it up this way:

1. Email/Password
2. Manual
3. IMAP
4.

* Incoming: imap-mail.outlook.com, port 993, SSL/TLS should be checked
* Outgoing: smtp-mail.outlook.com, port 587, SSL/TLS should be checked
* POP server name pop-mail.outlook.com, port 995, POP encryption method SSL

 Yahoo  Mail

On April 24, 2002 Yahoo ceased to offer POP access to its free mail service. Introducing instead a yearly payment feature, allowing users POP3 and IMAP server support, along with such benefits as larger file attachment sizes and no adverts.

Sorry to see Yahoo leaving its users to cough up for the privilege of accessing their mail. Understandable, when competing against rivals such as Gmail and Hotmail who hold a large majority of users and were hacked in 2014 as well.


Incoming Mail (IMAP) Server

* Server - imap.mail.yahoo.com
* Port - 993
* Requires SSL - Yes

Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server

* Server - smtp.mail.yahoo.com
* Port - 465 or 587
* Requires SSL - Yes
* Requires authentication - Yes

Your login info

* Email address - Your full email address (name@domain.com)
* Password - Your account's password
* Requires authentication - Yes


Note that you need to enable “Web &amp; POP Access” in your Yahoo Mail account to send and receive Yahoo Mail messages through any other email program.

You will have to enable “Allow your Yahoo Mail to be POPed” under “POP and Forwarding”, to send and receive Yahoo mails through any other email client.

Cannot be done since 2002 unless the customer pays Yahoo a subscription subs fee to have access to SMTP and POP3

* Set the POP server for incoming mails as pop.mail.yahoo.com. You will have to enable “SSL” and use 995 for Port.
* “Account Name or Login Name” – Your Yahoo Mail ID i.e. your email address without the domain “@yahoo.com”.
* “Email Address” – Your Yahoo Mail address i.e. your email address including the domain “@yahoo.com”. E.g. myname@yahoo.com
* “Password” – Your Yahoo Mail password.

Yahoo! Mail Plus users may have to set POP server as plus.pop.mail.yahoo.com and SMTP server as plus.smtp.mail.yahoo.com.

* Set the SMTP server for outgoing mails as smtp.mail.yahoo.com. You will also have to make sure that “SSL” is enabled and use 465 for port. you must also enable “authentication” for this to work.


====YAM Yet Another Mailer====

 YAM does not support SSL and most mail providers have now switched to encrypted SMTP/POP3 connections

This email client is POP3 only if the SSL library is available [http://www.freelists.org/list/yam YAM Freelists]

One of the downsides of using a POP3 mailer unfortunately - you have to set an option not to delete the mail if you want it left on the server. IMAP keeps all the emails on the server.

Possible issues

Sending mail issues is probably a matter of using your ISP's SMTP server, though it could also be an SSL issue.


getting a &quot;Couldn't initialise TLSv1 / SSL error

Use of on-line e-mail accounts with this email client is not possible as it lacks the OpenSSL AmiSSl v3 compatible library

 GMail 
Incoming Mail (POP3) Server - requires SSL: pop.gmail.com
Use SSL: Yes
Port: 995

Outgoing Mail (SMTP) Server - requires TLS: smtp.gmail.com (use authentication)
Use Authentication: Yes
Use STARTTLS: Yes (some clients call this SSL)
Port: 465 or 587

Account Name: your Gmail username (including '@gmail.com')
Email Address: your full Gmail email address (username@gmail.com)
Password: your Gmail password

Anyway, the SMTP is pop.gmail.com port 465 and it uses SSLLv3 Authentication. The POP3 settings are for the same server (pop.gmail.com), only on port 995 instead.


 Outlook.com access

&lt;pre &gt;
Outlook.com SMTP server address: smtp.live.com
Outlook.com SMTP user name: Your full Outlook.com email address (not an alias)
Outlook.com SMTP password: Your Outlook.com password
Outlook.com SMTP port: 587
Outlook.com SMTP TLS/SSL encryption required: yes 
&lt;/pre &gt;


 Yahoo  Mail

&lt;pre &gt;
“POP3 Server” – Set the POP server for incoming mails as pop.mail.yahoo.com. You will have to enable “SSL” and use 995 for Port.
“SMTP Server” – Set the SMTP server for outgoing mails as smtp.mail.yahoo.com. You will also have to make sure that “SSL” is enabled and use 465 for port. you must also enable “authentication” for this to work.
“Account Name or Login Name” – Your Yahoo Mail ID i.e. your email address without the domain “@yahoo.com”.
“Email Address” – Your Yahoo Mail address i.e. your email address including the domain “@yahoo.com”. E.g. myname@yahoo.com
“Password” – Your Yahoo Mail password.
&lt;/pre &gt;

Yahoo! Mail Plus users may have to set POP server as plus.pop.mail.yahoo.com and SMTP server as plus.smtp.mail.yahoo.com.

Note that you need to enable “Web &amp; POP Access” in your Yahoo Mail account to send and receive Yahoo Mail messages through any other email program.

You will have to enable “Allow your Yahoo Mail to be POPed” under “POP and Forwarding”, to send and receive Yahoo mails through any other email client.

Cannot be done since 2002 unless the customer pays Yahoo a monthly fee to have access to SMTP and POP3


 Microsoft Outlook Express Mail 

1. Get the files to your PC.
By whatever method get the files off your Amiga onto your PC. In the YAM folder you have a number of different folders, one for each of your folders in YAM. Inside that is a file usually some numbers such as 332423.283. YAM created a new file for every single email you received.

2. Open up a brand new Outlook Express. Just configure the account to use 127.0.0.1 as mail servers. It doesn't really matter. You will need to manually create any subfolders you used in YAM.

3. You will need to do a mass rename on all your email files from YAM. Just add a .eml to the end of it. Amazing how PCs still rely mostly on the file name so it knows what sort of file it is rather than just looking at it! There are a number of multiple renamers online to download and free too.

4. Go into each of your folders, inbox, sent items etc. And do a select all then drag the files into Outlook Express (to the relevant folder obviously) Amazingly the file format that YAM used is very compatible with .eml standard and viola your emails appear. With correct dates and working attachments.

5. If you want your email into Microsoft Outlook. Open that up and create a new profile and a new blank PST file. Then go into File Import and choose to import from Outlook Express. And the mail will go into there. And viola.. you have your old email from your Amiga in a more modern day format.


===FTP===

Magellan has a great FTP module. It allows transferring files from/to a FTP server over the Internet or the local network and, even if FTP is perceived as a &quot;thing of the past&quot;, its usability is all inside the client. The FTP thing has a nice side effect too, since every Icaros machine can be a FTP server as well, and our files can be easily transferred from an Icaros machine to another with a little configuration effort.

First of all, we need to know the 'server' IP address. Server is the Icaros machine with the file we are about to download on another Icaros machine, that we're going to call 'client'. To do that, move on the server machine and 1) run Prefs/Services to be sure &quot;FTP file transfer&quot; is enabled (if not, enable it and restart Icaros); 2) run a shell and enter this command:

ifconfig -a

Make a note of the IP address for the network interface used by the local area network. For cabled devices, it usually is net0:. Now go on the client machine and run Magellan:

Perform these actions: 1) click on FTP; 2) click on ADDRESS BOOK; 3) click on &quot;New&quot;. 
You can now add a new entry for your Icaros server machine:

1) Choose a name for your server, in order to spot it immediately in the address book. Enter the IP address you got before.

2) click on Custom Options:


1) go to Miscellaneous in the left menu;

2) Ensure &quot;Passive Transfers&quot; is NOT selected;

3) click on Use. We need to deactivate Passive Transfers because YAFS, the FTP server included in Icaros, only allows active transfers at the current stage. Now, we can finally connect to our new file source:


1) Look into the address book for the newly introduced server, be sure that name and IP address are right, and

2) click on Connect. A new lister with server's &quot;MyWorkspace&quot; contents will appear. You can now transfer files over the network choosing a destination among your local (client's) volumes.

Can be adapted to any FTP client on any platform of your choice, just be sure your client allows Active Transfers as well.


===IRC Internet Relay Chat===

Jabberwocky is ideal for one-to-one social media communication, use IRC if you require one to many. 

Just type a message in ''lowercase''' letters and it will be posted to all in the [ AROS irc channel]. Please do not use UPPER CASE as it is a sign of SHOUTING which is annoying.

Other things to type in - replace &lt;message&gt; with a line of text and &lt;nick&gt; with a person's name

&lt;pre&gt;
/help

/list

/who
/whois &lt;nick&gt;

/msg &lt;nick&gt; &lt;message&gt;

/query &lt;nick&gt; 
&lt;message&gt;s
/query

/away &lt;message&gt;
/away

/quit &lt;going away message&gt; 
&lt;/pre&gt;


[http://irchelp.org/irchelp/new2irc.html#smiley Intro guide here]. IRC Primer can be found here in [http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/ircprimer.html html], [http://www.irchelp.org/irchelp/text/ircprimer.txt TXT], [http://www.kei.com/irc/IRCprimer1.1.ps PostScript].


Issue the command /me &lt;text&gt; where &lt;text&gt; is the text that should follow your nickname.
Example: /me slaps ajk around a bit with a large trout

/nick &lt;newNick&gt;

/nickserv register &lt;password&gt; &lt;email address&gt;

/ns instead of /nickserv, while others might need /msg nickserv

/nickserv identify &lt;password&gt;

Alternatives:
/ns identify &lt;password&gt;
/msg nickserv identify &lt;password&gt;


==== IRC WookieChat ====

WookieChat is the most complete internet client for communication across the IRC Network. WookieChat allows you to swap ideas and communicate in real-time, you can also exchange Files, Documents, Images and everything else using the application's DCC capabilities.


add smilies drawer/directory

 run wookiechat from the shell and set stack to 1000000 e.g. wookiechat stack 1000000

select a server / server window

* nickname 
* user name 
* real name - optional

Once you configure the client with your preferred screen name, you'll want to find a channel to talk in.


servers

* New Server - click on this to add / add extra - change details in section below this click box 
* New Group
* Delete Entry
* Connect to server
* connect in new tab
* perform on connect

Change details

* Servername - change text in this box to one of the below Server: 
* Port number - no need to change
* Server password
* Channel - add #channel from below 
* auto join - can click this 
* nick registration password,

Click Connect to server button above


&lt;pre&gt;
Server: irc.freenode.net
Channel: #aros
&lt;/pre&gt;

irc://irc.freenode.net/aros

&lt;pre&gt;
Server: chat.amigaworld.net 
Channel: #amigaworld or #amigans 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
On Sunday evenings USA time usually starting around 3PM EDT (1900 UTC)
Server:irc.superhosts.net
Channel #team*amiga  
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
BitlBee and Minbif are IRCd-like gateways to multiple IM networks
Server: im.bitlbee.org 
Port 6667 
Seems to be most useful on WookieChat as you can be connected to several servers at once. One for Bitlbee and any messages that might come through that. One for your normal IRC chat server. 
&lt;/pre&gt;

[http://www.bitlbee.org/main.php/servers.html Other servers],

&lt;pre&gt;
#Amiga.org - irc.synirc.net eu.synirc.net dissonance.nl.eu.synirc.net (IPv6: 2002:5511:1356:0:216:17ff:fe84:68a) 
twilight.de.eu.synirc.net zero.dk.eu.synirc.net us.synirc.net avarice.az.us.synirc.net envy.il.us.synirc.net harpy.mi.us.synirc.net 
liberty.nj.us.synirc.net snowball.mo.us.synirc.net - Ports 6660-6669 7001 (SSL)
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Multiple server support
&quot;Perform on connect&quot; scripts and channel auto-joins
Automatic Nickserv login
Tabs for channels and private conversations
CTCP PING, TIME, VERSION, SOUND
Incoming and Outgoing DCC SEND file transfers
Colours for different events
Logging and automatic reloading of logs
mIRC colour code filters
Configurable timestamps
GUI for changing channel modes easily
Configurable highlight keywords
URL Grabber window
Optional outgoing swear word filter
Event sounds for tabs opening, highlighted words, and private messages
DCC CHAT support
Doubleclickable URL's
Support for multiple languages using LOCALE
Clone detection
Auto reconnection to Servers upon disconnection
Command aliases
Chat display can be toggled between AmIRC and mIRC style
Counter for Unread messages
Graphical nicklist and graphical smileys with a popup chooser
&lt;/pre&gt;


====IRC Aircos ====

Double click on Aircos icon in Extras:Networking/Apps/Aircos. It has been set up with a guest account for trial purposes. Though ideally, choose a nickname and password for frequent use of irc. 


====IRC and XMPP Jabberwocky====
 Servers are setup and close down at random 
You sign up to a server that someone else has setup and access chat services through them. 

The two ways to access chat from jabberwocky
&lt;pre &gt;
Jabberwocky -&gt; Server -&gt; XMPP -&gt; open and ad-free 
Jabberwocky -&gt; Server -&gt; Transports (Gateways) -&gt; Proprietary closed systems 
&lt;/pre &gt;

The Jabber.org service connects with all IM services that use XMPP, the open standard for instant messaging and presence over the Internet. The services we connect with include Google Talk (closed), Live Journal Talk, Nimbuzz, Ovi, and thousands more. However, you can not connect from Jabber.org to proprietary services like AIM, ICQ, MSN, Skype, or Yahoo because they don’t yet use XMPP components (XEP-0114) '''but''' you can use Jabber.com's servers and IM gateways (MSN, ICQ, Yahoo etc.) instead.

The best way to use jabberwocky is in conjunction with a public jabber server with '''transports''' to your favorite services, like gtalk, Facebook, yahoo, ICQ, AIM, etc.


You have to register with one of the servers, [https://list.jabber.at/ this list] or [http://www.jabberes.org/servers/ another list], [http://xmpp.net/ this security XMPP list],

Unfortunately jabberwocky can only connect to one server at a time so it is best to check what services each server offers. If you set it up with separate Facebook and google talk accounts, for example, sometimes you'll only get one or the other.

Jabberwocky open a window where the Jabber server part is typed in as well as your Nickname and Password.

Jabber ID (JID) identifies you to the server and other users.

Once registered the next step is to goto Jabberwocky's &quot;Windows&quot; menu and select the &quot;Agents&quot; option. The &quot;Agents List&quot; window will open.

Roster (contacts list)

[http://search.wensley.org.uk/ Chatrooms] (MUC) are available

File Transfer - can send and receive files through the Jabber service but not with other services like IRC, ICQ, AIM or Yahoo. All you need is an installed webbrowser and OpenURL.

Clickable URLs - The message window uses Mailtext.mcc and you can set a URL action in the MUI mailtext prefs like SYS:Utils/OpenURL %s NEWWIN.

There is no consistent Skype like (H.323 VoIP) video conferencing available over Jabber. The move from xmpp to Jingle should help but no support on any amiga-like systems at the moment. [http://aminet.net/package/dev/src/AmiPhoneSrc192 AmiPhone] and [http://www.lysator.liu.se/%28frame,faq,nobg,useframes%29/ahi/v4-site/ Speak Freely] was an early attempt voice only contact. SIP and Asterisk are other PBX options.


 Facebook

If you're using the XMPP transport provided by Facebook themselves, chat.facebook.com, it looks like they're now requiring SSL transport. This means jabberwocky method below will no longer work. The best thing to do is to create an ID on a public jabber server which has a Facebook gateway.

&lt;pre &gt;
1. launch jabberwocky
2. if the login window doesn't appear on launch, select 'account' from the jabberwocky menu
3. your jabber ID will be user@chat.facebook.com where user is your user ID
4. your password is your normal facebook password
5. to save this for next time, click the popup gadget next to the ID field

6. click the 'add' button
7. click the 'close' button
8. click the 'connect' button
&lt;/pre &gt;

you're done. you can also click the 'save as default account' button if you want. jabberwocky configured to auto-connect when launching the program, but you can configure as you like. there is amigaguide documentation included with jabberwocky.

[http://amigaworld.net/modules/newbb/viewtopic.php?topic_id=37085&amp;forum=32 Read more here]

for Facebook users, you can log-in directly to Facebook with jabberwocky. just sign in as @chat.facebook.com with your Facebook password as the password


 Twitter

For a few years, there has been added a twitter transport. Servers include [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/ jabber.hot-chili.net],  and .

An [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/tag/how-tos/ How-to]

:Read [http://jabber.hot-chilli.net/2010/05/09/twitter-transport-working/ more]

 Instagram 

no support at the moment best to use a web browser based client

 ICQ

The new version (beta) of StriCQ uses a newer ICQ protocol. Most of the ICQ Jabber Transports still use an older ICQ protocol. You can only talk one-way to StriCQ using the older Transports. Only the newer ICQv7 Transport lets you talk both ways to StriCQ. Look at the server lists in the first section to check.

Register on a Jabber server, e.g. this one works: http://www.jabber.de/
Then login into Jabberwocky with the following login data e.g. xxx@jabber.de / Password: xxx Now add your ICQ account under the window-&gt;Agents-&gt;&quot;Register&quot;. Now Jabberwocky connects via the Jabber.de server with your ICQ account.

 Yahoo Messenger

although yahoo! does not use xmpp protocol, you should be able to use the transport methods to gain access and post your replies

 MSN

early months of 2013 Microsoft will ditch MSN Messenger client and force everyone to use Skype...but MSN protocol and servers will keep working as usual for quite a long time....

Occasionally the Messenger servers have been experiencing problems signing in.  You may need to sign in at www.outlook.com and then try again.  It may also take multiple tries to sign in.  (This also affects you if you’re using Skype.)

You have to check each servers' Agents List to see what transports (MSN protocol, ICQ protocol, etc.) are supported or use the list address' provided in the section above. Then register with each transport (IRC, MSN, ICQ, etc.) to which you need access. After registering you can Connect to start chatting.

msn.jabber.com/registered should appear in the window.

From this [http://tech.dir.groups.yahoo.com/group/amiga-jabberwocky/message/1378 JW group] guide which  helps with this process in a clear, step by step procedure.

1. Sign up on MSN's site for a passport account. This typically involves getting a Hotmail address.

2. Log on to the Jabber server of your choice and do the following:

* Select the &quot;Windows/Agents&quot; menu option in Jabberwocky.
* Select the MSN Agent from the list presented by the server.
* Click the Register button to open a new window asking for:
**Username = passort account email address, typically your hotmail address.
**Nick = Screen name to be shown to anyone you add to your buddy list.
**Password = Password for your passport account/hotmail address.
* Click the Register button at the bottom of the new window.

3. If all goes well, you will see the MSN Gateway added to your buddy list. If not, repeat part 2 on another server. Some servers may show MSN in their list of available agents, but have not updated their software for the latest protocols used by MSN.

4. Once you are registered, you can now add people to your buddy list. Note that you need to include the '''msn.''' ahead of the servername so that it knows what gateway agent to use. Some servers may use a slight variation and require '''msg.gate.''' before the server name, so try both to see what works.

If my friend's msn was amiga@hotmail.co.uk and my jabber server was @jabber.meta.net.nz..
then amiga'''%'''hotmail.com@'''msn.'''jabber.meta.net.nz

or another the trick to import MSN contacts is that you don't type the hotmail URL but the passport URL... e.g. Instead of: goodvibe%hotmail.com@msn.jabber.com  You type: goodvibe%passport.com@msn.jabber.com 
And the thing about importing contacts I'm afraid you'll have to do it by hand, one at the time...

 Google Talk

any XMPP server will work, but you have to add your contacts manually. a google talk user is typically either @gmail.com or @talk.google.com. a true gtalk transport is nice because it brings your contacts to you and (can) also support file transfers to/from google talk users.

implement Jingle a set of extensions to the IETF's Extensible Messaging and Presence Protocol (XMPP)

support ended early 2014 as Google moved to Google+ Hangouts which uses it own proprietary format


===Video Player MPlayer===

Many of the menu features (such as doubling) do not work with the current version of mplayer but using

4:3
 mplayer -vf scale=800:600 file.avi

16:9
 mplayer -vf scale=854:480 file.avi

if you want gui use;
 mplayer -gui 1 &lt;other params&gt; file.avi

&lt;pre &gt;
stack 1000000

; using AspireOS 1.xx 
; copy FROM SYS:Extras/Multimedia/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

; using Icaros Desktop 1.x 
; copy FROM SYS:Tools/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

; using Icaros Desktop 2.x 
; copy FROM SYS:Utilities/MPlayer/ TO RAM:MPlayer ALL CLONE &gt; Nil:

cd RAM:MPlayer
run MPlayer -gui &gt; Nil:
;run MPlayer -gui -ao ahi_dev -playlist http://www.radio-paralax.de/listen.pls &gt; Nil: 
&lt;/pre &gt;

$ mplayer rtsp://127.0.0.1:554/sample_300kbit.mp4


MPlayer supports multicast streaming, and rtp/rtsp protocols (it might require [http://www.live555.com/openRTSP/ live555 library] to work with some streams). But you might have to build it where it's disabled. Also, multicast won't work with some AmiTCP-likes. MIAMI supported it, though.

AROS supports IPv4 (old but works) and this includes the needed address space for RTP.

If you mean multicast via RTP - mplayer handles it. You can even force UDP over TCP

-rtsp-stream-over-tcp

If the rtsp Real Time Streaming Protocol  server needs authentification:

-user -passwd


MPlayer - Menu - Open Playlist and load already downloaded .pls or .m3u file - auto starts around 4 percent cache

MPlayer - Menu - Open Stream and copy one of the .pls lines below into space allowed, press OK and press play button on main gui interface


Old 8bit 16bit remixes chip tune game music 
 
http://www.radio-paralax.de/listen.pls 

http://scenesat.com/

http://www.shoutcast.com/radio/Amiga

http://www.theoldcomputer.com/retro_radio/RetroRadio_Main.htm

http://www.kohina.com/

http://www.remix64.com/

http://retrogamer.net/forum/

http://retroasylum.podomatic.com/rss2.xml

http://retrogamesquad.com/

http://www.retronauts.com/

http://monsterfeet.com/noquarter/

http://www.retrogamingradio.com/

http://www.radiofeeds.co.uk/mp3.asp


[[#top|...to the top]]

====ZunePaint==== 

simplified typical workflow

* importing and organizing and photo management
* making global and regional local correction(s) - recalculation is necessary after each adjustment as it is not in real-time 
* exporting your images in the best format available with the preservation of metadata


Whilst achieving 80% of a great photo with just a filter, the remaining 20% comes from a manual fine-tuning of specific image attributes.


For photojournalism, documentary, and event coverage, minimal touching is recommended. Stick to Camera Raw for such shots, and limit changes to level adjustment, sharpness, noise reduction, and white balance correction.

For fashion or portrait shoots, a large amount of adjustment is allowed and usually ends up far from the original. Skin smoothing, blemish removal, eye touch-ups, etc. are common.  Might alter the background a bit to emphasize the subject.

Product photography usually requires a lot of sharpening, spot removal, and focus stacking.

For landscape shots, best results are achieved by doing the maximum amount of preparation before/while taking the shot. No amount of processing can match timing, proper lighting, correct gear, optimal settings, etc. Excessive post-processing might give you a dramatic shot but best avoided in the long term.


* White Balance - Left Amiga or F12 and K and under &quot;Misc color effects&quot; tab with a pull down for White Balance - color temperature also known as AKA tint (movies) or tones (painting) - warm temp raise red reduce green blue - cool raise blue lower red green 
* Exposure - exposure compensation, highlight/shadow recovery
* Noise Reduction - during RAW development or using external software
* Lens Corrections - distortion, vignetting, chromatic aberrations
* Detail - capture sharpening and local contrast enhancement
* Contrast - black point, levels (sliders) and curves tools (F12 and K) 
* Framing - straighten () and crop (F12 and F) 
* Refinements - color adjustments and selective enhancements - Left Amiga or F12 and K for RGB and YUV histogram tabs - 
* Resizing - enlarge for a print or downsize for the web or email (F12 and D) 
* Output Sharpening - customized for your subject matter and print/screen size


White Balance - F12 and K

scan your image for a shade which was meant to be white (neutral with each RGB value being equal) like paper or plastic which is in the same light as the subject of the picture. Use the dropper tool to select this color, similar colours will shift and you will have selected the perfect white balance for your part of the image - for the whole picture make sure RAZ or CLR button at the bottom is pressed before applying to the image above.


Exposure correction

F12 and K - YUV Y luminosity - RGB extra red tint - move red curve slightly down and move blue green curves slightly up

Workflows in practice

* Undo - Right AROS key or F12 and Z 
* Redo - Right AROS key or F12 and R

First flatten your image (if necessary) and then do a rotation until the picture looks level. 
* Crop the picture. Click the selection button and drag a box over the area of the picture you want to keep. Press the crop button and the rest of the photo will be gone. 
* Adjust your saturation, exposure, hue levels, etc., (right AROS Key and K for color correction) until you are happy with the photo. Make sure you zoom in all of the way to 100% and look the photo over, zoom back out and move around. Look for obvious problems with the picture. 
* After coloring and exposure do a sharpen (Right AROS key and E for Convolution and select drop down option needed), e.g. set the matrix to 5x5 (roughly equivalent Amount to 60%) and set the Radius to 1.0. Click OK.


And save your picture


Implemented or would like to see for simplification and ease of use

basic filters (presets) like black and white, monochrome, edge detection (sobel), motion/gaussian blur, 
* negative, sepiatone, retro vintage, night vision, colour tint, color gradient, color temperature, glows, fire, lightning, lens flare, emboss, filmic, pixelate mezzotint, antialias, etc.

adjust / cosmetic tools such as crop, 
* reshaping tools, straighten, smear, smooth, perspective, liquify, bloat, pucker, push pixels in any direction, dispersion, transform like warp, blending with soft light, page-curl, whirl, ripple, fisheye, neon,  etc. 
* red eye fixing, blemish remover, skin smoothing, teeth whitener, make eyes look brighter, desaturate,

effects like oil paint, cartoon, pencil sketch, charcoal, noise/matrix like sharpen/unsharpen, (right AROS key with A for Artistic effects) 
* blend two image, gradient blend, masking blend, explode, implode, custom collage, surreal painting, comic book style, needlepoint, stained glass, watercolor, mosaic, stencil/outline, crayon, chalk, etc.

borders such as 
* dropshadow, rounded, blurred, color tint, picture frame, film strip polaroid, bevelled edge, etc.

brushes e.g.
* frost, smoke, etc.

and manual control of

fix lens issues including vignetting (darkening), color fringing and barrel distortion, and chromatic and geometric aberration -  lens and body profiles

perspective correction

levels - directly modify the levels of the tone-values of an image, by using sliders for highlights, midtones and shadows

curves -  Color Adjustment and Brightness/Contrast

color balance

one single color transparent (alpha channel (color information/selections) for masking and/or blending ) for backgrounds, etc.

Threshold indicates how much other colors will be considered mixture of the removed color and non-removed colors

decompose layer into a set of layers with each holding a different type of pattern that is visible within the image

any selection using any selecting tools like lasso tool, marquee tool etc. the selection will temporarily be save to alpha 
If you create your image without transparency then the Alpha channel is not present, but you can add later.

File formats like .psd (Photoshop file has layers, masks etc.  contains edited sensor data. The original sensor data is no longer available) .xcf .raw .hdr

Image Picture Formats
* low dynamic range (JPEG, PNG, TIFF 8-bit), 16-bit (PPM, TIFF), typically as a 16-bit TIFF in either ProPhoto or AdobeRGB colorspace -  TIFF files are also fairly universal – although, if they contain proprietary data, such as Photoshop Adjustment Layers or Smart Filters, making them proprietary.
* linear high dynamic range (HDR) images (PFM, [http://www.openexr.com/ ILM .EXR], jpg, [http://aminet.net/util/dtype cr2] (canon tiff based), hdr, NEF, CRW, ARW, MRW, ORF, RAF (Fuji), PEF, DCR, SRF, ERF, DNG files are RAW converted to an Adobe proprietary format - a container that can embed the raw file as well as the information needed to open it) 
An old version of [http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=browse&amp;cat=graphics/convert dcraw]

There is no single RAW file format. Each camera manufacturer has one or more unique RAW formats. RAW files contain the brightness levels data captured by the camera sensor. This data cannot be modified. A second smaller file, separate XML file, or within a database with instructions for the RAW processor to change exposure, saturation etc. The extra data can be changed but the original sensor data is still there. RAW is technically least compatible.

A raw file is high-bit (usually 12 or 14 bits of information) but a camera-generated TIFF file will be usually converted by the camera (compressed, downsampled) to 8 bits. The raw file has no embedded color balance or color space, but the TIFF has both. These three things (smaller bit depth, embedded color balance, and embedded color space) make it so that the TIFF will lose quality more quickly with image adjustments than the raw file. The camera-generated TIFF image is much more like a camera processed JPEG than a raw file. A strong advantage goes to the raw file. The power of RAW files, such as the ability to set any color temperature non-destructively and will contain more tonal values.

The principle of preserving the maximum amount of information to as late as possible in the process. The final conversion - which will always effectively represent a &quot;downsampling&quot; - should prevent as much loss as possible.

Once you save it as TIFF, you throw away some of that data irretrievably. When saving in the lossy JPEG format, you get tremendous file size savings, but you've irreversibly thrown away a lot of image data. As long as you have the RAW file, original or otherwise, you have access to all of the image data as captured.

Keyboard equivalence with Photoshop(tm) would help 

&lt;pre&gt;
File
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
New	Ctrl+n	New
Open	Ctrl+o	Open
Close	Ctrl+w	Close
Save	Ctrl+s	Save
Save as	Shift+Ctrl+s	Save as
Revert	F12	Revert
Print	Ctrl+p	Print
Exit	Ctrl+q	Quit
 
Edit
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Undo/Redo (1 level)	Ctrl+z	Undo (Redo is Shift+Ctrl+z)
Cut	Ctrl+x	Cut
Copy	Ctrl+c	Copy
Paste	Ctrl+v	Paste
Paste Into	Shift+Ctrl+v	Paste Into
Fill with FG color	Alt+Backspace	Fill with FG color
Fill with BG color	Control+Backspace	Fill with BG color
 
Image/Colors
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Levels	Ctrl+l	Levels
Auto Contrast	Shift+Ctrl+Alt+l	Stretch Contrast (same?)
Curves	Ctrl+m	Curves
Color Balance	Ctrl+b	Color Balance
Hue/Saturation	Ctrl+u	Hue-Saturation
Desaturate	Shift+Ctrl+u	Desaturate
Invert	Ctrl+i	Invert
Default Colors	d	Default Colors
Switch Colors	x	Switch Colors
 
Layer
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
New Layer	Shift+Ctrl+n	New Layer
Layer via Copy	Ctrl+j	Duplicate Layer
Bring (layer) to Front	Shift+Ctrl+]	Layer to Top
Send (layer) to Back	Shift+Ctrl+[	Layer to Bottom
Bring (layer) Forward	Ctrl+]	Raise Layer
Send (layer) Backward	Ctrl+[	Lower Layer
Select Top Layer	Shift+Alt+]	Select Top Layer
Select Bottom Layer	Shift+Alt+[	Select Bottom Layer
Select One Layer Forward	Alt+]	Select Previous Layer
Select One Layer Backward	Alt+[	Select Next Layer
Merge Down	Ctrl+e	Merge Down
Merge Visible	Shift+Ctrl+e	Merge Visible
Preserve Transparency	/	Keep Transparency
Cycle Modes Forwards	Shift+=	Next Layer Mode
Cycle Modes Backwards	Shift+-	Previous Layer Mode
 
Select
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Select All	Ctrl+a	Select All
Deselect	Ctrl+d	Select None
Inverse	Shift+Ctrl+i	Invert
Feather	Ctrl+Alt+d	Feather
 
View
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Zoom In	Ctrl+=	Zoom In
Zoom Out	Ctrl+-	Zoom Out
Fit on Screen	Ctrl+0	Zoom to Fit Window
Actual Pixels	Ctrl+Alt+0	Zoom 1:1
Show/Hide Extras	Ctrl+h	Toggle Show Selection (close enough?)
Show/Hide Guides	Ctrl+'	Toggle Show Guides
Show/Hide Grid	Ctrl+Alt+'	Toggle Show Grid
Show/Hide Rulers	Ctrl+r	Toggle Show Rulers
Snap	Ctrl+;	Snap to Guides
Scroll View Up	Page Up	Scroll Page Up
Scroll View Down	Page Down	Scroll Page Down
Scroll View Left	Ctrl+Page Up	Scroll Page Left
Scroll View Right	Ctrl+Page Down	Scroll Page Right
 
Window/Dialogs
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
?	F5	Tools Dialog
Color Tab	F6	Colors Dialog
Layers Tab	F7	Layers Dialog
Info Tab	F8	Image Information
 
Tools
PHOTOSHOP         SHORTCUT     GIMP
Move Tool	v	Move Tool
Lasso Tool	l	Free Select Tool
Magic Wand Tool	w	Fuzzy Select Tool
Crop Tool	c	Crop &amp; Resize Tool
Airbrush Tool	j	Airbrush Tool
Paintbrush Tool	b	Paintbrush Tool
Clone Stamp Tool	s	Clone Stamp Tool
Eraser Tool	e	Eraser Tool
Blur Tool	r	Convolve Tool
Dodge Tool	o	DodgeBurn Tool
Type Tool	t	Text Tool
Pen Tool	p	Bezier Select Tool
Eye Dropper Tool	i	Color Picker Tool
Zoom Tool	z	Magnify Tool
Previous Brush	,	Previous Brush
Next Brush	.	Next Brush
First Brush	Shift+&lt;	First Brush
Last Brush	Shift+&gt;	Last Brush
Decrease Brush Size	[	Decrease Brush Size
Increase Brush Size	]	Increase Brush Size
Decrease Brush Hardness	{	Decrease Brush Hardness
Increase Brush Hardness	}	Increase Brush Hardness

Rectangular Marquee Tool	m	Rect Select Tool
Elliptical Marquee Tool	Shift+m	Ellipse Select Tool
Gradient Tool	g	Blend Tool
Paint Bucket Tool	Shift+g	Bucket Fill Tool 

Transform        Alt Cntrl T 


Help
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Help	F1	Help
Context Help	Shift+F1	Context Help
 
Misc.
PHOTOSHOP	SHORTCUT	GIMP
Last Filter	Ctrl+f	Repeat Last Filter
?	Shift+Ctrl+f	Reshow Last Filter
Preferences	Ctrl+k	Preferences
Liquify	Shift+Ctrl+x	IWarp (close enough?)
Toggle Quick Mask	q	Toggle Quick Mask
&lt;/pre&gt;


Spotlights - triangle of white opaque shape

Cutting out and/or replacing unwanted background or features - select large areas with the selection option like the Magic Wand tool (aka Color Range) or the Lasso (quick and fast) with feather 2 to soften edge or the pen tool which adds points/lines/Bézier curves (better control but slower), hold down the shift button as you click to add extra points/areas of the subject matter to remove. Increase the tolerance to cover more areas. To subtract from your selection hold down alt as you're clicking. 
* Layer masks are a better way of working than Erase they clip (black hides/hidden white visible/reveal). Clone Stamp can be simulated by   and brushes for other areas. 
* Leave the fine details like hair, fur, etc. to later with lasso and the shift key to draw a line all the way around your subject. Gradient Mapping - Inverse - Mask. i.e. Refine your selected image with edge detection and using the radius and edge options / adjuster (increase/decrease contrast) so that you will capture more fine detail from the background allowing easier removal. 
Remove fringe/halo

saving image as png rather than jpg/jpeg to keep transparency background intact.


Implemented [http://colorizer.org/ colour model representations] [http://paulbourke.net/texture_colour/colourspace/ Mathematical approach] - Photo stills are spatially 2d (h and w), but are colorimetrically 3d (r g and b, or H L S, or Y U V etc.) as well. 
* RGB - split cubed mapped color model for photos and computer graphics hardware using the light spectrum (adding and subtracting) 
* YUV - Y-Lightness U-blue/yellow V-red/cyan (similar to YPbPr and YCbCr) used in the PAL, NTSC, and SECAM composite digital TV color [http://crewofone.com/2012/chroma-subsampling-and-transcoding/#comment-7299 video]


Histograms

White balanced (neutral) if the spike happens in the same place in each channel of the RGB graphs. If not, you're not balanced. 
If you have sky you'll see the blue channel further off to the right.

RGB is best one to change colours. These elements RGB is a 3-channel format containing data for Red, Green, and Blue in your photo scale between 0 and 255. The area in a picture that appears to be brighter/whiter contains more red color as compared to the area which is relatively darker. Similarly in the green channel the area that appears to be darker contains less amount of green color as compared to the area that appears to be brighter.  Similarly in the blue channel the area appears to be darker contains less amount of blue color as compared to the area that appears to be brighter. Brightness luminance histogram also matches the green histogram more than any other color - human eye interprets green better e.g. RGB rough ratio 15/55/30%

RGBA (RGB+A, A means alpha channel) .  The alpha channel is used for &quot;alpha compositing&quot;, which can mostly be associated as &quot;opacity&quot;.  AROS deals in RGB with two digits for every color (red, green, blue), in ARGB you have two additional hex digits for the alpha channel.

The shadows are represented by the left third of the graph.  The highlights are represented by the right third.  And the midtones are, of course, in the middle.  The higher the black peaks in the graph, the more pixels are concentrated in that tonal range (total black area). 
By moving the black endpoint, which identifies the shadows (darkness) and a white light endpoint (brightness) up and down either sides of the graph, colors are adjusted based on these points. 
By dragging the central one, can increased the midtones and control the contrast, raise shadows levels, clip or softly eliminate unsafe levels, alter gamma, etc... in a way that is much more precise and creative .


RGB Curves

* Move left endpoint (black point) up or right endpoint (white point) up brightens 
* Move left endpoint down or right endpoint down darkens

Color Curves

* Dragging up on the Red Curve increases the intensity of the reds in the image but 
* Dragging down on the Red Curve decreases the intensity of the reds and thus increases the apparent intensity of its complimentary color, cyan. Green’s complimentary color is magenta, and blue’s is yellow.
&lt;pre&gt;
 Red &lt;-&gt; Cyan
 Green &lt;-&gt;Magenta
 Blue &lt;-&gt;Yellow 
&lt;/pre&gt;

YUV Best option to analyse and pull out statistical elements of any picture (i.e.  separate luminance data from color data). The line in Y luma tone box represents the brightness of the image with the point in the bottom left been black, and the point in the top right as white.  A low-contrast image has a concentrated clump of values nearer to the center of the graph. By comparison, a high-contrast image has a wider distribution of values across the entire width of the Histogram.   A histogram that is skewed to the right would indicate a picture that is a bit overexposed because most of the color data is on the lighter side (increase exposure with higher value F), while a histogram with the curve on the left shows a picture that is underexposed. This is good information to have when using post-processing software because it shows you not only where the color data exists for a given picture, but also where any data has been clipped (extremes on edges of either side): that is, it does not exist and, therefore, cannot be edited.  By dragging the endpoints of the line and as well as the central one, can increased the dark/shadows, midtones and light/bright parts and control the contrast, raise shadows levels, clip or softly eliminate unsafe levels, alter gamma, etc... in a way that is much more precise and creative .

The U and V chroma parts show color difference components of the image. It’s useful for checking whether or not the overall chroma is too high, and also whether it’s being limited too much
Can be used to create a negative image but also 
With U (Cb), the higher value you are, the more you're on the blue primary color. If you go to the low values then you're on blue complementary color, i.e. yellow.
With V (Cr), this is the same principle but with Red and Cyan.
e.g. If you push U full blue and V full red, you get magenta. If you push U full yellow and V full Cyan then you get green.

YUV simultaneously adds to one side of the color equation while subtracting from the other.  
using YUV to do color correction can be very problematic because each curve alters the result of each other: the mutual influence between U and V often makes things tricky. You may also be careful in what you do to avoid the raise of noise (which happens very easily). Best results are obtained with little adjustments

sunset that looks uninspiring and needs some color pop especially for the rays over the hill, a subtle contrast raise while setting luma values back to the legal range without hard clipping.


====Lunapaint====

Pixel based drawing app with onion-skin animation function

 Blocking, Shading, Coloring, adding detail 

&lt;pre&gt;
b BRUSH
e ERASER

alt eyedropper 
v layer tool 

z ZOOM / MAGNIFY &lt; &gt; n 
spc panning 
m  marque 
q lasso 
w same color selection / region 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
, LM RM
v 
V
f  filter 
F 
.  size 

p 
,  pick color 
[] last / next color 
&lt;/pre&gt;


There is not much missing in Lunapaint to be as good as FlipBook and then you have to take into account that Flipbook is considered to be amongst the best and easiest to use animation software out there. Ok to be honest Flipbook has some nice features that require more heavy work but those aren't so much needed right away, things like camera effects, sound, smart fill, export to different movie file formats etc.

Tried Flipbook with my tablet and compared it to Luna. The feeling is the same when sketching. LunaPaint is very responsive/fluent to draw with. Just as Flipbook is, and that responsiveness is something its users have mentioned as one of the positive sides of said software.

 author was learning MUI. Some parts just have to be rewritten with proper MUI classes before new features can be added.

* add [Frame Add] / [Frame Del]
* whole animation feature is impossible to use. If you draw 2 color maybe but if you start coloring your cells then you get in trouble
* pickup the entire image as a brush, not just a selection ? And consequently remove the brush from memory when one doesn't need it anymore. can pick up a brush and put it onto a new image but cropping isn't possible, nor to load/save brushes.
* Undo is something I longed for ages in Lunapaint.
* to import into the current layer, other types of images (e.g. JPEG) besides RAW64.
* implement graphic tablet features support


**GENERAL DRAWING**

Miss it very much:
UNDO
ERASER
COLORPICKER - has to show on palette too which color got picked.
BACKGROUND COLOR -Possibility to select from &quot;New project screen&quot;

Miss it somewhat:
ICON for UNDO
ICON for ERASER
ICON for CLEAR SCREEN ( What can I say? I start over from scratch very often )
BRUSH - possibility to cut out as brush not just copy off image to brush

**ANIMATING**

Miss it very much:
NUMBER OF CELLS - Possibity to change total no. of cells during project
ANIM BRUSH - Possibility to pick up a selected part of cells into an animbrush

Miss it somewhat:
ADD/REMOVE FRAMES: Add/remove single frame

In general LunaPaint is really well done and it feels like a new DeluxePaint version. It works with my tablet. Sure there's much missing of course but things can always be added over time. So there is great potential in LunaPaint that's for sure. Animations could be made in it and maybe put together in QuickVideo, saving in .gif or .mng etc some day.


LAYERS
-Layers names don't get saved globally in animation frames
-Layers order don't change globally in an animation (perhaps as default?).

EXPORTING IMAGES
-Exporting frames to JPG/PNG gives problems with colors. (wrong colors. See my animatiopn --&gt; My robot was blue now it's &quot;gold&quot; ) I think this only happens if you have layers.
-Trying to flatten the layers before export doesn't work if you have animation frames only the one you have visible will flatten properly all other frames are destroyed. (Only one of the layers are visible on them)
-Exporting images filenames should be for example e.g. file0001, file0002...file0010 instead as of now file1, file2...file10

LOAD/SAVE (Preferences)
-Make a setting for the default &quot;Work&quot; folder.

* Destroyed colors if exported image/frame has layers 
* mystic color cycling of the selected color while stepping frames back/forth (annoying)

&lt;pre&gt;
Deluxe Paint II enhanced key shortcuts 
    NOTE: @ denotes the ALT key

    [Technique]

    F1  - Paint
    F2  - Single Colour
    F3  - Replace
    F4  - Smear
    F5  - Shade
    F6  - Cycle
    F7  - Smooth
     M  - Colour Cycle

    [Brush]

     B  - Restore
     O  - Outline
     h  - Halve brush size
     H  - Double brush size
     x  - Flip brush on X axis
     X  - Double brush size on X axis only
     y  - Flip on Y 
     Y  - Double on Y
     z  - Rotate brush 90 degrees
     Z  - Stretch

    [Stencil]

     `  - Stencil On

    [Miscellaneous]

    F9  - Info Bar
    F10 - Selection Bar
    @o  - Co-Ordinates
    @a  - Anti-alias
    @r  - Colourise
    @t  - Translucent
    TAB - Colour Cycle

    [Picture]

     L  - Load
     S  - Save
     j  - Page to Spare(Flip)
     J  - Page to Spare(Copy)
     V  - View Page
     Q  - Quit

    [General Keys]

     m  - Magnify
     &lt;  - Zoom In
     &gt;  - Zoom Out
     [  - Palette Colour Up
     ]  - Palette Colour Down
     (  - Palette Colour Left
     )  - Palette Colour Right
     ,  - Eye Dropper
     .  - Pixel / Brush Toggle
     /  - Symmetry
     |  - Co-Ordinates
    INS - Perspective Control
    +/- - Brush Size (Fine Control)
     w  - Unfilled Polygon
     W  - Filled Polygon
     e  - Unfilled Ellipse
     E  - Filled Ellipse
     r  - Unfilled Rectangle
     R  - Filled Rectangle
     t  - Type/text tool
     a  - Select Font
    u/U - Undo
     d  - Brush
     D  - Filled Non-Uniform Polygon
    f/F - Fill Options
    g/G - Grid
    h/H - Brush Size (Coarse Control)
     K  - Clear
     c  - Unfilled Circle
     C  - Filled Circle
     v  - Line
     b  - Scissor Select and Toggle
     B  - Brush
    {,} - Toggle between two background colours
&lt;/pre&gt;

====Lodepaint====

Pixel based painting artwork app

====Grafx2====

Pixel based painting artwork app aesprite like 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=59Y6OTzNrhk aesprite workflow keys and tablet use], [], 


====Vector Graphics ZuneFIG====

Vector Image Editing of files .svg .ps .eps


*Objects - raise lower rotate flip aligning snapping 
*Path - unify subtract intersect exclude divide 
*Colour - fill stroke 
*Stroke - size 
*Brushes - 
*Layers - 
*Effects - gaussian bevels glows shadows 
*Text    - 
*Transform - 


 AmiFIG ([http://epb.lbl.gov/xfig/frm_introduction.html xfig manual]) 

[[File:MyScreen.png|thumb|left|alt=Showing all Windows open in AmiFIG.|All windows available to AmiFIG.]]

for drawing simple to intermediate vector graphic images for scientific and technical uses and for illustration purposes for those with talent

;Menu options
* Load - fig format but import(s) SVG
* Save - fig format but export(s) eps, ps, pdf, svg and png
* PAN = Ctrl + Arrow keys 
* Deselect all points

There is no selected object until you apply the tool, and the selected object is not highlighted.

;Metrics - to set up page and styles - first window to open on new drawings

;Tools - Drawing Primitives - set Attributes window first before clicking any Tools button(s) 
* Shapes - circles, ellipses, arcs, splines, boxes,  polygon 
* Lines - polylines
* Text &quot;T&quot; button 
* Photos - bitmaps
* Compound - Glue, Break, Scale 
* POINTs - Move, Add, Remove 
* Objects - Move, Copy, Delete, Mirror, Rotate, Paste 
use right mouse button to stop extra lines, shapes being formed and the left mouse to select/deselect tools button(s)
* Rotate - moves in 90 degree turns centered on clicked POINT of a polygon or square

;Attributes which provide change(s) to the above primitives 
* Color
* Line Width
* Line Style
* arrowheads

;Modes 
Choose from freehand, charts, figures, magnet, etc.

;Library - allows .fig clip-art to be stored 
* compound tools to add .fig(s) together

;FIG 3.2 [http://epb.lbl.gov/xfig/fig-format.html Format] as produced by xfig version 3.2.5 
&lt;pre&gt;
Landscape
Center
Inches
Letter 
100.00
Single
-2
1200 2
4 0 0 50 -1 0 12 0.0000 4 135 1050 1050 2475 This is a test.01
&lt;/pre&gt;

# change the text alignment within the textbox. I can choose left, center, or right aligned by either changing the integer in the second column from 0 (left) to 1 or 2 (center, or right). 
# The third integer in the row specifies fontcolor. For instance, 0 is black, but blue is 1 and Green3 is 13.
# The sixth integer in the bottom row specifies fontface. 0 is Times-Roman, but 16 is Helvetica (a MATLAB default).
# The seventh number is fontsize. 12 represents a 12pt fontsize. Changing the fontsize of an item really is as easy as changing that number to 20.
# The next number is the counter-clockwise angle of the text. Notice that I have changed the angle to .7854 (pi/4 rounded to four digits=45 degrees).
# twelfth number is the position according to the standard “x-axis” in Xfig units from the left. Note that 1200 Xfig units is equivalent to once inch.
# thirteenth number is the “y-position” from the top using the same unit convention as before.

* The nested text string is what you entered into the textbox.
* The “01″ present at the end of that line in the .fig file is the closing tag. For instance, a change to \100 appends a @ symbol at the end of the period of that sentence.

; Just to note there are no layers, no 3d functions, no shading, no transparency, no animation


[[#top|...to the top]]

===Audio===


# AHI uses linear panning/balance, which means that in the center, you will get -6dB. If an app uses panning, this is what you will get. Note that apps like Audio Evolution need panning, so they will have this problem.

# When using AHI Hifi modes, mixing is done in 32-bit and sent as 32-bit data to the driver. The Envy24HT driver uses that to output at 24-bit (always).

# For the Envy24/Envy24HT, I've made 16-bit and 24-bit inputs (called Line-in 16-bit, Line-in 24-bit etc.). There is unfortunately no app that can handle 24-bit recording.


====Music Mods====

Digital module (mods) trackers are music creation software using samples and sometimes soundfonts, audio plugins (VST, AU or RTAS), MIDI.

Generally, MODs are similar to MIDI in that they contain note on/off and other sequence messages that control the mod player. Unlike (most) midi files, however, they also contain sound samples that the sequence information actually plays. MOD files can have many channels (classic amiga mods have 4, corresponding to the inbuilt sound channels), but unlike MIDI, each channel can typically play only one note at once. However, since that note might be a sample of a chord, a drumloop or other complex sound, this is not as limiting as it sounds.

Like MIDI, notes will play indefinitely if they're not instructed to end. Most trackers record this information automatically if you play your music in live. If you're using manual note entry, you can enter a note-off command with a keyboard shortcut - usually Caps Lock.

In fact when considering file size MOD is not always the best option. Even a dummy song wastes few kilobytes for nothing when a simple SID tune could be few hundreds bytes and not bigger than 64kB. AHX is another small format, AHX tunes are never larger than 64kB excluding comments.

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXXsZfwgil Protrekkr] (previously aka [w:Juan_Antonio_Arguelles_Rius|NoiseTrekkr])

If Protrekkr does not start, please check if the Unit 0 has been setup in the AHI prefs and still not, go to the directory utilities/protrekkr and double click on the Protrekkr icon

*Sample
*Note - Effect 
*Track (column) - Pattern - Order

It all starts with the Sample which is used to create Note(s) in a Track (column of a tracker) 
The Note can be changed with an Effect.  A Track of Note(s) can be collected into a Pattern (section of a song) and these can be given Order to create the whole song.

Patience (notes have to be entered one at a time) or playing the bassline on a midi controller (faster - see midi section above).  Best approach is to wait until a melody popped into your head.

*Up-tempo means the track should be reasonably fast, but not super-fast. 
*Groovy and funky imply the track should have some sort of &quot;swing&quot; feel, with plenty of syncopation or off beat emphasis and a recognizable, melodic bass line. 
*Sweet and happy mean upbeat melodies, a major key and avoiding harsh sounds.
*Moody - minor key

First, create a quick bass sound, which is basically a sine wave, but can be hand drawn for a little more variance. It could also work for the melody part, too.

This is usually a bass guitar or some kind of synthesizer bass. The bass line is often forgotten by inexperienced composers, but it plays an important role in a musical piece. Together with the rhythm section the bass line forms the groove of a song. It's the glue between the rhythm section and the melodic layer of a song.

The drums are just pink noise samples, played at different frequencies to get a slightly different sound for the kick, snare, and hihats.

Instruments that fall into the rhythm category are bass drums, snares, hi-hats, toms, cymbals, congas, tambourines, shakers, etc. Any percussive instrument can be used to form part of the rhythm section.

The lead is the instrument that plays the main melody, on top of the chords. There are many instruments that can play a lead section, like a guitar, a piano, a saxophone or a flute. The list is almost endless. There is a lot of overlap with instruments that play chords. Often in one piece an instrument serves both roles. The lead melody is often played at a higher pitch than the chords.

Listened back to what was produced so far, and a counter-melody can be imagined, which can be added with a triangle wave.

To give the ends of phrases some life, you can add a solo part with a crunchy synth. By hitting random notes in the key of G, then edited a few of them.

For the climax of the song, filled out the texture with a gentle high-pitch pad… …and a grungy bass synth.


The arrow at A points at the pattern order list. As you see, the patterns don't have to be in numerical order. This song starts with pattern &quot;00&quot;, then pattern &quot;02&quot;, then &quot;03&quot;, then &quot;01&quot;, etcetera. Patterns may be repeated throughout a song.

The B arrow points at the song title. Below it are the global BPM and speed parameters. These determine the tempo of the song, unless the tempo is altered through effect commands during the song.

The C arrow points at the list of instruments. An instrument may consist of multiple samples. Which sample will be played depends on the note. This can be set in the Instrument Editing screen. Most instruments will consist of just one sample, though. The sample list for the selected instrument can be found under arrow D.

Here's a part of the main editing screen. This is where you put in actual notes. Up to 32 channels can be used, meaning 32 sounds can play simultaneously. The first six channels of pattern &quot;03&quot; at order &quot;02&quot; are shown here. The arrow at A points at the row number. The B arrow points at the note to play, in this case a C4. The column pointed at by the C arrow tells us which instrument is associated with that note, in this case instrument #1 &quot;Kick&quot;.

The column at D is used (mainly) for volume commands. In this case it is left empty which means the instrument should play at its default volume. You can see the volume column being used in channel #6.

The E column tells us which effect to use and any parameters for that effect. In this case it holds the &quot;F&quot; effect, which is a tempo command. The &quot;04&quot; means it should play at tempo 4 (a smaller number means faster).

Base pattern

When I create a new track I start with what I call the base pattern. It is worthwhile to spend some time polishing it as a lot of the ideas in the base pattern will be copied and used in other patterns. At least, that's how I work. Every musician will have his own way of working. In &quot;Wild Bunnies&quot; the base pattern is pattern &quot;03&quot; at order &quot;02&quot;.

In the section about selecting samples I talked about the four different categories of instruments: drums, bass, chords and leads. That's also how I usually go about making the base pattern. I start by making a drum pattern, then add a bass line, place some chords and top it off with a lead. This forms the base pattern from which the rest of the song will grow.


Drums

Here's a screenshot of the first four rows of the base pattern. I usually reserve the first four channels or so for the drum instruments. Right away there are a couple of tricks shown here. In the first channel the kick, or bass drum, plays some notes. Note the alternating F04 and F02 commands. The &quot;F&quot; command alters the tempo of the song and by quickly alternating the tempo; the song will get some kind of &quot;swing&quot; feel.

In the second channel the closed hi-hat plays a fairly simple pattern. Further down in the channel, not shown here, some open hi-hat notes are added for a bit of variation.

In the third and fourth channel the snare sample plays. The &quot;8&quot; command is for panning. One note is panned hard to the left and the other hard to the right. One sample is played a semitone lower than the other. This results in a cool flanging effect. It makes the snare stand out a little more in the mix.


Bass line

There are two different instruments used for the bass line. Instrument #6 is a pretty standard synthesized bass sound. Instrument #A sounds a bit like a slap bass when used with a quick fade out. By using two different instruments the bass line sounds a bit more ”human”. The volume command is used to cut off the notes. However, it is never set to zero. Setting the volume to a very small value will result in a reverb-like effect. This makes the song sound more &quot;live&quot;.

The bass line hints at the chords that will be played and the key the song will be in. In this case the key of the song is D-major, a positive and happy key.


Chords

The D major chords that are being played here are chords stabs; short sounds with a quick decay (fade out). Two different instruments (#8 and #9) are used to form the chords. These instruments are quite similar, but have a slightly different sound, panning and volume decay. Again, the reason for this is to make the sound more human. The volume command is used on some chords to simulate a delay, to achieve more of a live feel. The chords are placed off-beat making for a funky rhythm.


Lead

Finally the lead melody is added. The other instruments are invaluable in holding the track together, but the lead melody is usually what catches people's attention.

A lot of notes and commands are used here, but it looks more complex than it is. A stepwise ascending melody plays in channel 13. Channel 14 and 15 copy this melody, but play it a few rows later at a lower volume. This creates an echo effect. A bit of panning is used on the notes to create some stereo depth. Like with the bass line, instead of cutting off notes the volume is set to low values for a reverb effect. The &quot;461&quot; effect adds a little vibrato to the note, which sounds nice on sustained notes.

Those paying close attention may notice the instrument used here for the lead melody is the same as the one used for the bass line (#6 &quot;Square&quot;), except played two or three octaves higher. This instrument is a looped square wave sample. Each type of wave has its own quirks, but the square wave (shown below) is a really versatile wave form.

Song structure

Good, catchy songs are often carefully structured into sections, some of which are repeated throughout the song with small variations.

A typical pop-song structure is: Intro - Verse - Chorus - Verse - Chorus - Bridge - Chorus.

Other single sectional song structures are

&lt;pre&gt;
Strophic or AAA Song Form - oldest story telling with refrain (often title of the song) repeated in every verse section melody 
AABA Song Form - early popular, jazz and gospel fading during the 1960s 
AB or Verse/Chorus Song Form - songwriting format of choice for modern popular music since the 1960s 
Verse/Chorus/Bridge Song Form
ABAB Song Form
ABAC Song Form
ABCD Song Form
AAB 12-Bar Song Form - three four-bar lines or sub-sections 
8-Bar Song Form
16-Bar Song Form
Hybrid / Compound Song Forms
&lt;/pre&gt;

The most common building blocks are:

#INTRODUCTION(INTRO)
#VERSE
#REFRAIN
#PRE-CHORUS / RISE / CLIMB
#CHORUS
#BRIDGE
#MIDDLE EIGHT
#SOLO / INSTRUMENTAL BREAK
#COLLISION
#CODA / OUTRO
#AD LIB (OFTEN IN CODA / OUTRO)

The chorus usually has more energy than the verse and often has a memorable melody line. As the chorus is repeated the most often during the song, it will be the part that people will remember.

The bridge often marks a change of direction in the song. It is not uncommon to change keys in the bridge, or at least to use a different chord sequence. The bridge is used to build up tension towards the big finale, the last repetition of chorus.


 Playing

RCTRL:                           Play song from row 0.

LSHIFT + RCTRL:                  Play song from current row.

RALT:                            Play pattern from row 0.

LSHIFT + RALT:                   Play pattern from current row.

Left mouse on '&gt;':               Play song from row 0.

Right mouse on '&gt;':              Play song from current row.

Left mouse on '|&gt;':              Play pattern from row 0.

Right mouse on '|&gt;':             Play pattern from current row.

Left mouse on 'Edit/Record':     Edit mode on/off.

Right mouse on 'Edit/Record':    Record mode on/off.


 Editing 


LSHIFT + ESCAPE:                 Switch large patterns view on/off

TAB:                    Go to next track

LSHIFT + TAB:                    Go to prev. track

LCTRL + TAB:                    Go to next note in track

LCTRL + LSHIFT + TAB:           Go to prev. note in track

SPACE:                           Toggle Edit mode On &amp; Off

(Also stop if the song is being played)

SHIFT SPACE:                     Toggle Record mode On &amp; Off

(Wait for a key note to be pressed

or a midi in message to be received)

DOWN ARROW:                      1 Line down

UP ARROW:                        1 Line up

LEFT ARROW:                      1 Row left

RIGHT ARROW:                     1 Row right

PREV. PAGE:                      16 Arrows Up

NEXT PAGE:                       16 Arrows Down

HOME / END:                      Top left / Bottom right of pattern

LCTRL + HOME / END:              First / last track

F5, F6, F7, F8, F9:              Jump to 0, 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 4/4 lines of the patterns

+ - (Numeric keypad):           Next / Previous pattern

LCTRL + LEFT / RIGHT:           Next / Previous pattern

LCTRL + LALT + LEFT / RIGHT:    Next / Previous position

LALT + LEFT / RIGHT:           Next / Previous instrument

LSHIFT + M:                      Toggle mute state of the current channel

LCTRL + LSHIFT + M:             Solo the current track / Unmute all

LSHIFT + F1 to F11:              Select a tab/panel

LCTRL + 1 to 4:                 Select a copy buffer


 Tracking 

1st and 2nd keys rows:           Upper octave row

3rd and 4th keys rows:           Lower octave row

RSHIFT:                          Insert a note off

/ and * (Numeric keypad)

or F1 F2:                        -1 or +1 octave

INSERT / BACKSPACE:              Insert or Delete a line in current track

or current selected block.

LSHIFT + INSERT / BACKSPACE:     Insert or Delete a line in current pattern

DELETE (NOT BACKSPACE):          Empty a column or a selected block.


 Blocks

(Blocks can also be selected with the mouse by holding the right button and scrolling the pattern with the mouse wheel).


LCTRL + A:          Select entire current track

LCTRL + LSHIFT + A: Select entire current pattern

LALT + A:          Select entire column note in a track

LALT + LSHIFT + A: Select all notes of a track

LCTRL + X:          Cut the selected block and copy it into the block-buffer

LCTRL + C:          Copy the selected block into the block-buffer

LCTRL + V:          Paste the data from the block buffer into the pattern

LCTRL + I:          Interpolate selected data from the first to the last row of a selection

LSHIFT + ARROWS

PREV. PAGE

NEXT PAGE: Select a block

LCTRL + R:          Randomize the select columns of a selection, works similar to CTRL + I (interpolating them)

LCTRL + U:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote higher

LCTRL + D:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote lower

LCTRL + LSHIFT + U: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote higher (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + LSHIFT + D: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 seminote lower  (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + H:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave higher

LCTRL + L:          Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave lower

LCTRL + LSHIFT + H: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave higher (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + LSHIFT + L: Transpose the note of a selection to 1 octave lower (only for the current instrument)

LCTRL + W:          Save the current selection into a file


 Misc 


LALT + ENTER:     Switch between full screen / windowed mode

LALT + F4:        Exit program (Windows only)

LCTRL + S:         Save current module

LSHIFT + S:         Switch top right panel to synths list

LSHIFT + I:         Switch top right panel to instruments list


&lt;pre&gt;
C-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Volume 
B-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Jump to 
A#x  xh xx xx hhhh hhhh   Slide 
F-x    xh xx xx hhhh            Tempo 
D-x   xh xx xx hhhh             Pattern Break 
G#x  xh xx xx hhhh
&lt;/pre&gt;

h Hex 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F 10 11 12 13

d Dec 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10  11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

The Set Volume command: C. Input a note, then move the cursor to the effects command column and type a C. Play the pattern, and you shouldn't be able to hear the note you placed the C by. This is because the effect parameters are 00. Change the two zeros to a 40(Hex)/64(Dec), depending on what your tracker uses. Play back the pattern again, and the note should come in at full volume.

The Position Jump command next. This is just a B followed by the position in the playing list that you want to jump to. One thing to remember is that the playing list always starts at 0, not 1. This command is usually in Hex.

Onto the volume slide command: A. This is slightly more complex (much more if you're using a newer tracker, if you want to achieve the results here, then set slides to Amiga, not linear), due to the fact it depends on the secondary tempo. For now set a secondary tempo of 06 (you can play around later), load a long or looped sample and input a note or two. A few rows after a note type in the effect command A. For the parameters use 0F. Play back the pattern, and you should notice that when the effect kicks in, the sample drops to a very low volume very quickly. Change the effect parameters to F0, and use a low volume command on the note. Play back the pattern, and when the slide kicks in the volume of the note should increase very quickly.
This because each part of the effect parameters for command A does a different thing. The first number slides the volume up, and the second slides it down. It's not recommended that you use both a volume up and volume down at the same time, due to the fact the tracker only looks for the first number that isn't set to 0. If you specify parameters of 8F, the tracker will see the 8, ignore the F, and slide the volume up. Using a slide up and down at same time just makes you look stupid. Don't do it...

The Set Tempo command: F, is pretty easy to understand. You simply specify the BPM (in Hex) that you want to change to. One important thing to note is that values of lower than 20 (Hex) sets the secondary tempo rather than the primary.

Another useful command is the Pattern Break: D. This will stop the playing of the current pattern and skip to the next one in the playing list. By using parameters of more than 00 you can also specify which line to begin playing from.

Command 3 is Portamento to Note. This slides the currently playing note to another note, at a specified speed. The slide then stops when it reaches the desired note. 
&lt;pre&gt;
   C-2 1 000 - Starts the note playing
   ---      000
   C-3    330 - Starts the slide to C-3 at a speed of 30.
   ---     300 - Continues the slide
   ---     300 - Continues the slide
&lt;/pre&gt;
Once the parameters have been set, the command can be input again without any parameters, and it'll still perform the same function unless you change the parameters. This memory function allows certain commands to function correctly, such as command 5, which is the Portamento to Note and Volume Slide command. Once command 3 has been set up command 5 will simply take the parameters from that and perform a Portamento to Note. Any parameters set up for command 5 itself simply perform a Volume Slide identical to command A at the same time as the Portamento to Note.

This memory function will only operate in the same channel where the original parameters were set up.
There are various other commands which perform two functions at once. They will be described as we come across them.

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  02

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  05

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  08

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  0A

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  00 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  0D

C-3  04  ..  ..  09  10 ---&gt; C-3  04  ..  ..  09  10

(You can also switch on the Slider Rec to On, and perform parameter-live-recording, such as cutoff transitions, resonance or panning tweaking, etc..)  Note: this command only works for volume/panning and fx datas columns.


The next command we'll look at is the Portamento up/down: 1 and 2. Command 1 slides the pitch up at a specified speed, and 2 slides it down. This command works in a similar way to the volume slide, in that it is dependent on the secondary tempo. Both these commands have a memory dependent on each other, if you set the slide to a speed of 3 with the 1 command, a 2 command with no parameters will use the speed of 3 from the 1 command, and vice versa.

Command 4 is Vibrato. Vibrato is basically rapid changes in pitch, just try it, and you'll see what I mean. Parameters are in the format of xy, where x is the speed of the slide, and y is the depth of the slide. One important point to remember is to keep your vibratos subtle and natural so a depth of 3 or less and a reasonably fast speed, around 8, is usually used. Setting the depth too high can make the part sound out of tune from the rest.
Following on from command 4 is command 6. This is the Vibrato and Volume Slide command, and it has a memory like command 5, which you already know how to use.

Command 7 is Tremolo. This is similar to vibrato. Rather than changing the pitch it slides the volume. The effect parameters are in exactly the same format.   vibrato effect (0x1dxy) x = speed y = depth (can't be used if arpeggio (0x1b) is turned on) 

&lt;pre&gt;
 C-7 00 .. .. 1B37 &lt;-  Turn Arpeggio effect on
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 1B38 &lt;- Change datas
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 0000
  --- .. .. .. 1B00 &lt;- Turn it off
&lt;/pre&gt;

Command 9 is Sample Offset. This starts the playback of the sample from a different place than the start. The effect parameters specify the sample offset, but only very roughly. Say you have a sample which is 8765(Hex) bytes long, and you wanted it to play from position 4321(Hex). The effect parameter could only be as accurate as the 43 part, and it would ignore the 21.

Command B is the Playing List/Order Jump command. The parameters specify the position in the Playing List/Order to jump to. When used in conjunction with command D you can specify the position and the line to play from.

Command E is pretty complex, as it is used for a lot of different things, depending on what the first parameter is. Let's take a trip through each effect in order.
Command E0 controls the hardware filter on an Amiga, which, as a low pass filter, cuts off the highest frequencies being played back. There are very few players and trackers on other system that simulate this function, not that you should need to use it. The second parameter, if set to 1, turns on the filter. If set to 0, the filter gets turned off.

Commands E1/E2 are Fine Portamento Up/Down. Exactly the same functions as commands 1/2, except that they only slide the pitch by a very small amount. These commands have a memory the same as 1/2 as well.

Command E3 sets the Glissando control. If parameters are set to 1 then when using command 3, any sliding will only use the notes in between the original note and the note being slid to. This produces a somewhat jumpier slide than usual. The best way to understand is to try it out for yourself. Produce a slow slide with command 3, listen to it, and then try using E31.

Command E4 is the Set Vibrato Waveform control. This command controls how the vibrato command slides the pitch. Parameters are 0 - Sine, 1 - Ramp Down (Saw), 2 - Square. By adding 4 to the parameters, the waveform will not be restarted when a new note is played e.g. 5 - Sine without restart.

Command E5 sets the Fine Tune of the instrument being played, but only for the particular note being played. It will override the default Fine Tune for the instrument. The parameters range from 0 to F, with 0 being -8 and F being +8 Fine Tune. A parameter of 8 gives no Fine Tune. If you're using a newer tracker that supports more than -8 to +8 e.g. -128 to +128, these parameters will give a rough Fine Tune, accurate to the nearest 16.

Command E6 is the Jump Loop command. You mark the beginning of the part of a pattern that you want to loop with E60, and then specify with E6x the end of the loop, where x is the number of times you want it to loop.

Command E7 is the Set Tremolo Waveform control. This has exactly the same parameters as command E4, except that it works for Tremolo rather than Vibrato.

Command E9 is for Retriggering the note quickly. The parameter specifies the interval between the retrigs. Use a value of less than the current secondary tempo, or else the note will not get retrigged.

Command EA/B are for Fine Volume Slide Up/Down. Much the same as the normal Volume Slides, except that these are easier to control since they don't depend on the secondary tempo. The parameters specify the amount to slide by e.g. if you have a sample playing at a volume of 08 (Hex) then the effect EA1 will slide this volume to 09 (Hex). A subsequent effect of EB4 would slide this volume down to 05 (Hex).

Command EC is the Note Cut. This sets the volume of the currently playing note to 0 at a specified tick. The parameters should be lower than the secondary tempo or else the effect won't work.

Command ED is the Note Delay. This should be used at the same time as a note is to be played, and the parameters will specify the number of ticks to delay playing the note. Again, keep the parameters lower than the secondary tempo, or the note won't get played!

Command EE is the Pattern Delay. This delays the pattern for the amount of time it would take to play a certain number of rows. The parameters specify how many rows to delay for.

Command EF is the Funk Repeat command. Set the sample loop to 0-1000. When EFx is used, the loop will be moved to 1000- 2000, then to 2000-3000 etc. After 9000-10000 the loop is set back to 0- 1000. The speed of the loop &quot;movement&quot; is defined by x. E is two times as slow as F, D is three times as slow as F etc. EF0 will turn the Funk Repeat off and reset the loop (to 0-1000).

effects 0x41 and 0x42 to control the volumes of the 2 303 units

There is a dedicated panel for synth parameter editing with coherent sections (osc, filter modulation, routing, so on) the interface is much nicer, much better to navigate with customizable colors, the reverb is now customizable (10 delay lines), It accepts newer types of Waves (higher bit rates, at least 24). Has a replay routine.

It's pretty much your basic VA synth. The problem isn't with the sampler being to high it's the synth is tuned two octaves too low, but if you want your samples tuned down just set the base note down 2 octaves (in the instrument panel).

so the synth is basically divided into 3 sections from left to right: oscillators/envelopes, then filter and LFO's, and in the right column you have mod routings and global settings.

for the oscillator section you have two normal oscillators (sine, saw, square, noise), the second of which is tunable, the first one tunes with the key pressed. Attached to OSC 1 is a sub-oscillator, which is a sawtooth wave tuned one octave down. The phase modulation controls the point in the duty cycle at which the oscillator starts. The ADSR envelope sliders (grouped with oscs) are for modulation envelope 1 and 2 respectively. you can use the synth as a sampler by choosing the instrument at the top.

In the filter column, the filter settings are: 1 = lowpass, 2 = highpass, 3 = off. cutoff and resonance. For the LFOs they are LFO 1 and LFO 2, the ADSR sliders in those are for the LFO itself.

For the modulation routings you have ENV 1, LFO 1 for the first slider and ENV 2, LFO 2 for the second, you can cycle through the individual routings there, and you can route each modulation source to multiple destinations of course, which is another big plus for this synth. Finally the glide time is for portamento and master volume, well, the master volume... it can go quite loud.

The sequencer is changed too, It's more like the one in AXS if you've used that, where you can mute tracks to re-use patterns with variation.


&lt;pre&gt;
Support for the following modules formats:
669 (Composer 669, Unis 669), 
AMF (DSMI Advanced Module Format), 
AMF (ASYLUM Music Format V1.0), 
APUN (APlayer), DSM (DSIK internal format), 
FAR (Farandole Composer), 
GDM (General DigiMusic), 
IT (Impulse Tracker), 
IMF (Imago Orpheus), 
MOD (15 and 31 instruments), 
MED (OctaMED), 
MTM (MultiTracker Module editor), 
OKT (Amiga Oktalyzer), 
S3M (Scream Tracker 3), 
STM (Scream Tracker), 
STX (Scream Tracker Music Interface Kit), 
ULT (UltraTracker), 
UNI (MikMod), 
XM (FastTracker 2),
Mid (midi format via timidity)
&lt;/pre&gt;


Possible plugin options include [http://lv2plug.in/ LV2],


====Midi - Musical Instrument Digital Interface====

A midi file typically contains music that plays on up to 16 channels (as per the midi standard), but many notes can simultaneously play on each channel (depending on the limit of the midi hardware playing it).

'''Timidity'''

Although usually already installed, you can uncompress the [http://www.libsdl.org/projects/SDL_mixer/ timidity.tar.gz (14MB)] into a suitable drawer like below's SYS:Extras/Audio/ 
 assign timidity: SYS:Extras/Audio/timidity
added to SYSːs/User-Startup

'''WildMidi playback'''


'''Audio Evolution 4 (2003) 4.0.23 (from 2012)'''


*Sync Menu    - CAMD Receive, Send checked 
*Options Menu - MIDI Machine Control - Midi Bar Display - Select CAMD MIDI in / out - Midi Remote Setup 


MCB Master Control Bus 
*Sending a MIDI start-command and a Song Position Pointer, you can synchronize audio with an external MIDI sequencer (like B&amp;P). 
*B&amp;P Receive, start AE, add AudioEvolution.ptool in Bars&amp;Pipes track, press play / record in AE then press play in Pipes 
*CAMD Receive, receive MIDI start or continue commands via camd.library sync to AE 


*MIDI Machine Control
*Midi Bar Display 
*Select CAMD MIDI in / out
*Midi Remote Setup - open requester for external MIDI controllers to control app mixer and transport controls cc remotely 
 Channel   - mixer(vol, pan, mute, solo), eq, aux, fx, 
 Subgroup  - Volume, Mute, Solo 
 Transport - Start, End, Play, Stop, Record, Rewind, Forward 
 Misc      - Master vol., Bank Down, Bank up 


&lt;pre&gt;
q        - quit 

First 3 already opened when AE started 
F1       - timeline window
F2       - mixer 
F3       - control 
F4       - subgroups 
F5       - aux returns 
F6       - sample list 

i        - Load sample to use 

space    - start/stop play 
b        - reset time 0:00


s        - split mode 
r        - open recording window 
a        - automation edit mode with p panning, m mute and v volume 


[ / ]    - zoom in / out 
:        - previous track
*        - next track 

x c v f  - cut copy paste cross-fade 
g        - snap grid 


&lt;/pre&gt;


 '''[http://bnp.hansfaust.de/ Bars n Pipes sequencer]'''

 BarsnPipes debug ... in shell 

Menu (right mouse)  
*Song        - Songs load and save in .song format but option here to load/save Midi_Files .mid in FORMAT0 or FORMAT1 
*Track       - 
*Edit        -
*Tool        - 
*Timing      - SMTPE Synchronizing 
*Windows     - 
*Preferences - Multiple MIDI-in option 

Windows (some of these are usually already opened when Bars n Pipes starts up for the first time) 
*Workflow -&gt; Tracks, .... Song Construction, Time-line Scoring, Media Madness, Mix Maestro, 
*Control  -&gt; Transport (or mini one), Windows (which collects all the Windows icons together-shortcut), .... Toolbox, Accessories, Metronome, 

Once you have your windows placed on the screen that suits your workflow, Song -&gt; Save as Default will save the positions, colors, icons, etc as you'd like them 

If you need a particular setup of Tracks, Tools, Tempos etc, you save them all as a new song you can load each time 

Right mouse menu -&gt; Preferences -&gt; Environment... -&gt; ScreenMode  - Linkages for Synch (to Slave) usbmidi.out.0 and Send (Master) usbmidi.in.0 - Clock MTC 


'''Tracks'''

#Double-click on B&amp;P's icon. B&amp;P will then open with an empty Song. You can also double-click on a song icon to open a song in B&amp;P.
#Choose a track. The B&amp;P screen will contain a Tracks Window with a number of tracks shown as pipelines (Track 1, Track 2, etc...). To choose a track, simply click on the gray box to show an arrow-icon to highlight it. This icon show whether a track is chosen or not. To the right of the arrow-icon, you can see the icon for the midi-input. If you double-click on this icon you can change the MIDI-in setup.
#Choose Record for the track. To the right of the MIDI-input channel icon you can see a pipe. This leads to another clickable icon with that shows either P, R or M. This stands for Play, Record or Merge. To change the icon, simply click on it. If you choose P, this track can only play the track (you can't record anything). If you choose R, you can record what you play and it overwrites old stuff in the track. If you choose M, you merge new records with old stuff in the track. Choose R now to be able to make a record.
#Chose MIDI-channel. On the most right part of the track you can see an icon with a number in it. This is the MIDI-channel selector. Here you must choose a MIDI-channel that is available on your synthesizer/keyboard. If you choose General MIDI channel 10, most synthesizer will play drum sounds. To the left of this icon is the MIDI-output icon. Double-click on this icon to change the MIDI-output configuration.
#Start recording. The next step is to start recording. You must then find the control buttons (they look like buttons on a CD-player). To be able to make a record. you must click on the R icon. You can simply now press the play button (after you have pressed the R button) and play something on you keyboard. To playback your composition, press the Play button on the control panel.
#Edit track. To edit a track, you simply double click in the middle part of a track. You will then get a new window containing the track, where you can change what you have recorded using tools provided. Take also a look in the drop-down menus for more features.


Videos to help understand [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6gVTX-9900 small intro], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abq_rUTiSA4&amp;t=3s Overview], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ixOVutKsYQo Workplace Setup CC PC Sysex], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDnJLYPaZTs Import Song], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BC3kkzPLkv4 Tempo Mapping], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sd23kqMYPDs ptool Arpeggi-8], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LDJq-YxgwQg  PlayMidi Song], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DY9Pu5P9TaU Amiga Midi], [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abq_rUTiSA4 Learning Amiga bars and Pipes], 

Groups like [https://groups.io/g/barsnpipes/topics this] could help 


'''Tracks window'''

* blue &quot;1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Group&quot; and transport tape deck VCR-type controls
* Flags 
* [http://theproblem.alco-rhythm.com/org/bp.html Track 1, Track2, to Track 16, on each Track there are many options that can be activated] 

Each Track has a 

*Left LHS  - Click in grey box to select what Track to work on, Midi-In ptool icon should be here (5pin plug icon), and many more from the Toolbox on the Input Pipeline 
*Middle    - (P, R, M) Play, Record, Merge/Multi before the sequencer line and a blue/red/yellow (Thru Mute Play) Tap 
*Right RHS - Output pipeline, can have icons placed uopn it with the final ptool icon(s) being the 5pin icon symbol for Midi-OUT 

Clogged pipelines may need Esc pressed several times 


'''Toolbox (tools affect the chosen pipeline)'''

After opening the Toolbox window you can add extra Tools (.ptool) for the pipelines like keyboard(virtual), midimonitor, quick patch, transpose, triad, (un)quantize, feedback in/out, velocity etc
 right mouse -&gt; Toolbox menu option -&gt; Install Tool... and navigate to Tool drawer (folder) and select requried .ptool 

Accompany B tool to get some sort of rythmic accompaniment, Rythm Section and Groove Quantize are examples of other tools that make use of rythms
[https://aminet.net/search?query=bars Bars &amp; Pipes pattern format .ptrn] for drawer (folder). Load from the Menu as Track or Group 


'''Accessories (affect the whole app)''' 

Accessories -&gt; Install... and goto the Accessories drawer for .paccess like adding ARexx scripting support 


'''Song Construction'''
&lt;pre&gt;
F1  Pencil
F2  Magic Wand
F3  Hand 
F4  Duplicator 
F5  Eraser 
F6  Toolpad 
F7  Bounding box 
F8  Lock to A-B-A 

A-B-A strip, section, edit flags, white boxes, 

&lt;/pre&gt;


Bars&amp;Pipes Professional offers three track formats; basic song tracks, linear tracks — which don't loop — and finally real‑time tracks. The difference between them is that both song and linear tracks respond to tempo changes, while real‑time tracks use absolute timing, always trigger at the same instant regardless of tempo alterations 

'''Tempo Map'''

F1  Pencil
F2  Magic Wand
F3  Hand 
F4  Eraser 
F5  Curve 
F6  Toolpad 


Compositions

Lyrics, Key, Rhythm, Time Signature 

'''Master Parameters'''

Key, Scale/Mode

'''Track Parameters'''

Dynamics 


'''Time-line Scoring'''


'''Media Madness'''


'''Mix Maestro'''


*ACCESSORIES         Allows the importation of other packages and additional modules 
*CLIPBOARD           Full cut, copy and paste operations, enabling user‑definable clips to be shared between tracks.
*INFORMATION         A complete rundown on the state of the current production and your machine.
*MASTER PARAMETERS   Enables global definition of time signatures, lyrics, scales, chords, dynamics and rhythm changes.
*MEDIA MADNESS       A complete multimedia sequencer which allows samples, stills, animation, etc 
*METRONOME           Tempo feedback via MIDI, internal Amiga audio and colour cycling — all three can be mixed and matched as required.
*MIX MAESTRO         Completely automated mixdown with control for both volume and pan. All fader alterations are memorised by the software 
*RECORD ACTIVATION   Complete specification of the data to be recorded/merged. Allows overdubbing of pitch‑bend, program changes, modulation etc
*SET FLAGS           Numeric positioning of location and edit flags in either SMPTE or musical time 
*SONG CONSTRUCTION   Large‑scale cut and paste of individual measures, verses or chorus, by means of bounding box and drag‑n‑drop mouse selections
*TEMPO MAP           Tempo change using a variety of linear and non‑linear transition curves 
*TEMPO PALETTE       Instant tempo changes courtesy of four user‑definable settings.
*TIMELINE SCORING    Sequencing of a selection of songs over a defined period — ideal for planning an entire set for a live performance.
*TOOLBOX             Selection screen for the hundreds of signal‑processing tools available 
*TRACKS              Opens the main track window to enable recording, editing and the use of tools.
*TRANSPORT           Main playback control window, which also provides access to user‑ defined flags, loop and punch‑in record modes.


Bars and Pipes Pro 2.5 is using internal 4-Byte IDs, to check which kind of data are currently processed.
Especially in all its files the IDs play an important role. The IDs are stored into the file in the same order they are laid out in the memory.

In a Bars 'N' Pipes file (no matter which kind) the ID &quot;NAME&quot; (saved as its ANSI-values) is stored on a big endian system (68k-computer) as &quot;NAME&quot;. On a little endian system (x86 PC computer) as &quot;EMAN&quot;.  The target is to make the AROS-BnP compatible to songs, which were stored on a 68k computer (AMIGA).

If possible, setting MIDI channels for Local Control for your keyboard 

http://www.fromwithin.com/liquidmidi/archive.shtml


MIDI files are essentially a stream of event data. An event can be many things, but typically &quot;note on&quot;, &quot;note off&quot;, &quot;program change&quot;, &quot;controller change&quot;, or messages that instruct a MIDI compatible synth how to play a given bit of music.

* Channel     - 1 to 16 -
* Messages    - PC presets, CC effects like delays, reverbs,  etc 
* Sequencing  - MIDI instruments, Drums, Sound design, 
* Recording   - 
* GUI         - Piano roll or Tracker, Staves and Notes 

MIDI events/messages like step entry e.g. Note On, Note Off 

MIDI events/messages like PB, PC, CC, Mono and Poly After-Touch, Sysex, etc 

MIDI sync - Midi Clocks (SPS Measures), Midi Time Code (h, m, s and frames) SMPTE 

Individual track editing with audition edits so easier to test any changes. Possible to stop track playback, mix clips from the right edit flag and scroll the display using arrow keys. 

Step entry, to extend a selected note hit the space bar and the note grows accordingly. Ability to cancel mouse‑driven edits by simply clicking the right mouse button — at which point everything snaps back into its original form. Lyrics can now be put in with syllable dividers, even across an entire measure or section. Autoranging when you open a edit window, the notes are automatically displayed — working from the lowest upwards. 

Flag editing, shift‑click on a flag immediately open the bounds window, ready for numeric input. Ability to cancel edits using the right‑hand mouse button, plus much improved Bounding Box operations.

Icons other than the BarsnPipes icon -&gt; PUBSCREEN=BarsnPipes (cannot choose modes higher than 8bit 256 colors)

Preferences -&gt; Menu in Tracks window - Send MIDI defaults OFF 

Prefs -&gt; Environment -&gt; screenmode (saved to BarsnPipes.prefs binary file) 

Customization -&gt; pics in gui drawer (folder) - 


Can save as .song files and .mid General Midi 

SMF is a “Standard Midi File”  ([http://www.music.mcgill.ca/~ich/classes/mumt306/StandardMIDIfileformat.html SMF0, SMF1 and SMF2]), [https://github.com/stump/libsmf libsmf], [https://github.com/markc/midicomp MIDIcomp], [https://github.com/MajicDesigns/MD_MIDIFile C++ src], [], [https://github.com/newdigate/midi-smf-reader Midi player], 

* SMF0        All MIDI data is stored in one track only, separated exclusively by the MIDI channel.
* SMF1        The MIDI data is stored in separate tracks/channels.
* SMF2 (rarely used) The MIDI data is stored in separate tracks, which are additionally wrapped in containers, so it's possible to have e.g. several tracks using the same MIDI channels.


Would it be possible to enrich Bars N’Pipes with software synth and sample support along with audio recording and mastering tools like in the named MAC or PC music sequencers?
On the classic AMIGA-OS this is not possible because of missing CPU-power. The hardware of the classic AMIGA is not further developed. So we must say (unfortunately) that those dreams can’t become reality

BarsnPipes is best used with external MIDI-equipment. This can be a keyboard or synthesizer with MIDI-connectors. 

&lt;pre&gt;
MIDI can control 16 channels 
There are USB-MIDI-Interfaces on the market with 16 independent MIDI-lines (multi-port), which can handle 16 MIDI devices independently – 16×16 = 256 independent MIDI-channels or instruments 
handle up to 16 different USB-MIDI-Interfaces (multi-device). That is: 16X16X16 = 4096 independent MIDI-channels – theoretically 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Librarian MIDI SYStem EXplorer (sysex) - PatchEditor and used to be supplied as a separate program like PatchMeister but currently not at present 
It should support MIDI.library (PD), BlueRibbon.library (B&amp;P), TriplePlayPlus, and CAMD.library (DeluxeMusic) and 
MIDI information from a device's user manual and configure a custom interface to access parameters for all MIDI products connected to the system 
Supports ALL MIDI events and the Patch/Librarian data is stored in MIDI standard format 
Annette M.Crowling, Missing Link Software, Inc.
&lt;/pre&gt;


Composers
&lt;pre&gt;
[https://x.com/hirasawa/status/1403686519899054086 Susumu Hirasawa] 

&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
1988 Todor Fay and his wife Melissa Jordan Gray, who founded the Blue Ribbon Inc
1992 Bars&amp;Pipes Pro published 
November 2000, Todor Fay announcement to release the sourcecode of Bars&amp;Pipes Pro 2.5c beta
end of May 2001, the source of the main program and the sources of some tools and accessories were in a complete and compileable state 
end of October 2009 stop further development of BarsnPipes New for now on all supported systems and made freeware 
2013 Alfred Faust diagnosed with incureable illness, called „Myastenia gravis“ (weak muscles) 
&lt;/pre&gt;


 Protrekkr

How to use Midi In/Out in Protrekkr ?

First of all, midi in &amp; out capabilities of this program are rather limited.

# Go to Misc. Setup section and select a midi in or out device to use (ptk only supports one device at a time).
# Go to instrument section, and select a MIDI PRG (the default is N/A, which means no midi program selected).
# Go to track section and here you can assign a midi channel to each track of ptk.
# Play notes :]. Note off works. F'x' note cut command also works too, and note-volume command (speed) is supported.

Also, you can change midicontrollers in the tracker, using '90' in the panning row:

&lt;pre&gt;
    C-3 02 .. .. 0000....


    --- .. .. 90 xxyy.... &lt;&lt; This will set the value 
    --- .. .. .. 0000....    of the controller n.'xx' to 'yy' (both in hex)
    --- .. .. .. 0000....
&lt;/pre&gt;

So &quot;--- .. .. 90 2040....&quot; will set the controller number $20(32) to $40(64).

You will need the midi implementation table of your gear to know what you can change with midi controller messages.

 N.B. Not all MIDI devices are created equal!

Although the MIDI specification defines a large range of MIDI messages of various kinds, not every MIDI device is required to work in exactly the same way and respond to all the available messages and ways of working. For example, we don't expect a wind synthesiser to work in the same way as a home keyboard.

Some devices, the older ones perhaps, are only able to respond to a single channel. With some of those devices that channel can be altered from the default of 1 (probably) to another channel of the 16 possible.

Other devices, for instance monophonic synthesisers, are capable of producing just one note at a time, on one MIDI channel. Others can produce many notes spread across many channels.

Further devices can respond to, and transmit, &quot;breath controller&quot; data (MIDI controller number 2 (CC#2)) others may respond to the reception of CC#2 but not be able to create and to send it.

A controller keyboard may be capable of sending &quot;expression pedal&quot; data, but another device may not be capable of responding to that message.

Some devices just have the basic GM sound set. The &quot;voice&quot; or &quot;instrument&quot; is selected using a &quot;Program Change&quot; message on its own.

Other devices have a greater selection of voices, usually arranged in &quot;banks&quot;, and the choice of instrument is made by responding to &quot;Bank Select MSB&quot; (MIDI controller 0 (CC#0)), others use &quot;Bank Select LSB&quot; (MIDI controller number 32 (CC#32)), yet others use both MSB and LSB sent one after the other, all followed by the Program Change message. The detailed information about all the different voices will usually be available in a published MIDI Data List.


 MIDI Implementation Chart

But in the User Manual there is sometimes a summary of how the device works, in terms of MIDI, in the chart at the back of the manual, the MIDI Implementation Chart.

If you require two devices to work together you can compare the two implementation charts to see if they are &quot;compatible&quot;. In order to do this we will need to interpret that chart.

The chart is divided into four columns headed &quot;Function&quot;, &quot;Transmitted&quot; (or &quot;Tx&quot;), &quot;Received&quot; (or &quot;Rx&quot;), or more correctly &quot;Recognised&quot;, and finally, &quot;Remarks&quot;.

&lt;pre&gt;
The left hand column defines which MIDI functions are being described.
The 2nd column defines what the device in question is capable of transmitting to another device.
The 3rd column defines what the device is capable of responding to.
The 4th column is for explanations of the values contained within these previous two columns.
&lt;/pre&gt;

There should then be twelve sections, with possibly a thirteenth containing extra &quot;Notes&quot;. Finally there should be an explanation of the four MIDI &quot;modes&quot; and what the &quot;X&quot; and the &quot;O&quot; mean.
&lt;pre&gt;
Mode 1: Omni On, Poly; 
Mode 2: Omni On, Mono; 
Mode 3: Omni Off, Poly; 
Mode 4: Omni Off, Mono.
&lt;/pre&gt;
O means &quot;yes&quot; (implemented), X means &quot;no&quot; (not implemented).

Sometimes you will find a row of asterisks &quot;**************&quot;, these seem to indicate that the data is not applicable in this case. Seen in the transmitted field only (unless you've seen otherwise).

Lastly you may find against some entries an asterisk followed by a number e.g. *1, these will refer you to further information, often on a following page, giving more detail.

Basic Channel
But the very first set of boxes will tell us the &quot;Basic Channel(s)&quot; that the device sends or receives on. 
&quot;Default&quot; is what happens when the device is first turned on, &quot;changed&quot; is what a switch of some kind may allow the device to be set to. 
For many devices e.g. a GM sound module or a home keyboard, this would be 1-16 for both. That is it can handle sending and receiving on all MIDI channels.

On other devices, for example a synthesiser, it may by default only work on channel 1. But the keyboard could be &quot;split&quot; with the lower notes e.g. on channel 2. If the synth has an arppegiator, this may be able to be set to transmit and or receive on yet another channel.
So we might see the default as &quot;1&quot; but the changed as &quot;1-16&quot;.

Modes.
We need to understand Omni On and Off, and Mono and Poly, then we can decipher the four modes.

But first we need to understand that any of these four Mode messages can be sent to any MIDI channel. They don't necessarily apply to the whole device.

If we send an &quot;Omni On&quot; message (CC#125) to a MIDI channel of a device, we are, in effect, asking it to respond to e.g. a Note On / Off message pair, received on any of the sixteen channels. Sound strange? Read it again. Still strange? It certainly is. We normally want a MIDI channel to respond only to Note On / Off messages sent on that channel, not any other. In other words, &quot;Omni Off&quot;.

So &quot;Omni Off&quot; (CC#124) tells a channel of our MIDI device to respond only to messages sent on that MIDI channel.

&quot;Poly&quot; (CC#127) is for e.g. a channel of a polyphonic sound module, or a home keyboard, to be able to respond to many simultaneous Note On / Off message pairs at once and produce musical chords.

&quot;Mono&quot; (CC#126) allows us to set a channel to respond as if it were e.g. a flute or a trumpet, playing just one note at a time. If the device is capable of it, then the overlapping of notes will produce legato playing, that is the attack portion of the second note of two overlapping notes will be removed resulting in a &quot;smoother&quot; transition.

So a channel with a piano voice assigned to it will have Omni Off, Poly On (Mode 3), a channel with a saxophone voice assigned could be Omni Off, Mono On (Mode 4).

We call these combinations the four modes, 1 to 4, as defined above. 
Most modern devices will have their channels set to Mode 3 (Omni Off, Poly) but be switchable, on a per channel basis, to Mode 4 (Omni Off, Mono).

This second section of data will include first its default value i.e. upon device switch on. Then what Mode messages are acceptable, or X if none.

Finally, in the &quot;Altered&quot; field, how a Mode message that can't be implemented will be interpreted. Usually there will just be a row of asterisks effectively meaning nothing will be done if you try to switch to an unimplemented mode.

Note Number
&lt;pre&gt;
The next row will tell us which MIDI notes the device can send or receive, normally 0-127.
The second line, &quot;True Voice&quot; has the following in the MIDI specification: 
&quot;Range of received note numbers falling within the range of true notes produced by the instrument.&quot;
My interpretation is that, for instance, a MIDI piano may be capable of sending all MIDI notes (0 to 127) by transposition, but only responding to the 88 notes (21 to 108) of a real piano. 
&lt;/pre&gt;

Velocity
This will tell us whether the device we're looking at will handle note velocity, and what range from 1-127, or maybe just 64, it transmits or will recognise. So usually &quot;O&quot; plus a range or &quot;X&quot; for not implemented.

After touch
This may have one or two lines two it.
If a one liner the either &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot;, yes or no.
If a two liner then it may include &quot;Keys&quot; or &quot;Poly&quot; and &quot;Channel&quot;.
This will show whether the device will respond to Polyphonic after touch or channel after touch or neither.

Pitch Bend
Again &quot;O&quot; for implemented, &quot;X&quot; for not implemented.
(Many stage pianos will have no pitch bend capability.)
It may also, in the notes section, state whether it will respond to the full 14 bits, or not, as usually encoded by the pitch bend wheel.

Control Change
This is likely to be the largest section of the chart.
It will list all those controllers, starting from CC#0, Bank Select MSB, which the device is capable of sending, and those that it will respond to using &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; respectively.
You will, almost certainly, get some further explanation of functionality in the remarks column, or in more detail elsewhere in the documentation.

Of course you will need to know what all the various controller numbers do. Lots of the official technical specifications can be found at the [www.midi.org/techspecs/ MMA], with the table of messages and control change [www.midi.org/techspecs/midimessages.php message numbers]

Program Change
Again &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; in the Transmitted or Recognised column to indicate whether or not the feature is implemented. In addition a range of numbers is shown, typically 0-127, to show what is available.
True # (number): &quot;The range of the program change numbers which correspond to the actual number of patches selected.&quot;

System Exclusive
Used to indicate whether or not the device can send or recognise System Exclusive messages. A short description is often given in the Remarks field followed by a detailed explanation elsewhere in the documentation.

System Common - These include the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
MIDI Time Code Quarter Frame messages (device synchronisation).
Song Position Pointer
Song Select
Tune Request
&lt;/pre&gt;
The section will indicate whether or not the device can send or respond to any of these messages.

System Real Time
These include the following:
&lt;pre&gt;
Timing Clock - often just written as &quot;Clock&quot;
Start
Stop
Continue
&lt;/pre&gt;
These three are usually just referred to as &quot;Commands&quot; and listed.
Again the section will indicate which, if any, of these messages the device can send or respond to.
&lt;pre&gt;
Aux. Messages
Again &quot;O&quot; or &quot;X&quot; for implemented or not.
Aux. = Auxiliary.
Active Sense = Active Sensing.
&lt;/pre&gt;
Often with an explanation of the action of the device.

Notes
The &quot;Notes&quot; section can contain any additional comments to clarify the particular implementation.

Some of the explanations have been drawn directly from the MMA MIDI 1.0 Detailed Specification.
And the detailed explanation of some of the functions will be found there, or in the General MIDI System Level 1 or General MIDI System Level 2 documents also published by the MMA.


 OFFICIAL MIDI SPECIFICATIONS

SUMMARY OF MIDI MESSAGES
Table 1 - Summary of MIDI Messages

The following table lists the major MIDI messages in numerical (binary) order (adapted from &quot;MIDI by the Numbers&quot; by D. Valenti, Electronic Musician 2/88, and updated by the MIDI Manufacturers Association.). This table is intended as an overview of MIDI, and is by no means complete.

WARNING! Details about implementing these messages can dramatically impact compatibility with other products. We strongly recommend consulting the official MIDI Specifications for additional information.

MIDI 1.0 Specification

Message Summary Channel Voice Messages [nnnn = 0-15 (MIDI Channel Number 1-16)]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1000nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Note Off event. 
This message is sent when a note is released (ended). (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1001nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Note On event. 
This message is sent when a note is depressed (start). (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the velocity.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1010nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0kkkkkkk 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Polyphonic Key Pressure (Aftertouch). 
This message is most often sent by pressing down on the key after it &quot;bottoms out&quot;. (kkkkkkk) is the key (note) number. (vvvvvvv) is the pressure value.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1011nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ccccccc 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Control Change. 
This message is sent when a controller value changes. Controllers include devices such as pedals and levers. Controller numbers 120-127 are reserved as &quot;Channel Mode Messages&quot; (below). (ccccccc) is the controller number (0-119). (vvvvvvv) is the controller value (0-127).
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1100nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ppppppp || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Program Change. This message sent when the patch number changes. (ppppppp) is the new program number.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1101nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Channel Pressure (After-touch). This message is most often sent by pressing down on the key after it &quot;bottoms out&quot;. This message is different from polyphonic after-touch. Use this message to send the single greatest pressure value (of all the current depressed keys). (vvvvvvv) is the pressure value.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1110nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0lllllll 0mmmmmmm || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Pitch Bend Change. This message is sent to indicate a change in the pitch bender (wheel or lever, typically). The pitch bender is measured by a fourteen bit value. Center (no pitch change) is 2000H. Sensitivity is a function of the receiver, but may be set using RPN 0. (lllllll) are the least significant 7 bits. (mmmmmmm) are the most significant 7 bits.
|}

Channel Mode Messages (See also Control Change, above)

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;1011nnnn || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0ccccccc 0vvvvvvv || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Channel Mode Messages. 
This the same code as the Control Change (above), but implements Mode control and special message by using reserved controller numbers 120-127. The commands are:
*All Sound Off. When All Sound Off is received all oscillators will turn off, and their volume envelopes are set to zero as soon as possible c = 120, v = 0: All Sound Off
*Reset All Controllers. When Reset All Controllers is received, all controller values are reset to their default values. (See specific Recommended Practices for defaults) c = 121, v = x: Value must only be zero unless otherwise allowed in a specific Recommended Practice.
*Local Control. When Local Control is Off, all devices on a given channel will respond only to data received over MIDI. Played data, etc. will be ignored. Local Control On restores the functions of the normal controllers. 
c = 122, v = 0: Local Control Off
c = 122, v = 127: Local Control On
* All Notes Off. When an All Notes Off is received, all oscillators will turn off. 
c = 123, v = 0: All Notes Off (See text for description of actual mode commands.)
c = 124, v = 0: Omni Mode Off 
c = 125, v = 0: Omni Mode On 
c = 126, v = M: Mono Mode On (Poly Off) where M is the number of channels (Omni Off) or 0 (Omni On) 
c = 127, v = 0: Poly Mode On (Mono Off) (Note: These four messages also cause All Notes Off)
|}

System Common Messages

System Messages (0xF0)

The final status nybble is a “catch all” for data that doesn’t fit the other statuses. They all use the most significant nybble (4bits) of 0xF, with the least significant nybble indicating the specific category.

The messages are denoted when the MSB of the second nybble is 1. When that bit is a 0, the messages fall into two other subcategories.

System Common

If the MSB of the second second nybble (4 bits) is not set, this indicates a System Common message. Most of these are messages that include some additional data bytes.

System Common Messages
Type Status Byte   Number of Data Bytes      Usage 
&lt;pre&gt;
Time Code Quarter Frame	0xF1	1	Indicates timing using absolute time code, primarily for synthronization with video playback systems. A single location requires eight messages to send the location in an encoded hours:minutes:seconds:frames format*.
Song Position	0xF2	2	Instructs a sequencer to jump to a new position in the song. The data bytes form a 14-bit value that expresses the location as the number of sixteenth notes from the start of the song.
Song Select	0xF3	1	Instructs a sequencer to select a new song. The data byte indicates the song.
Undefined	0xF4	0	
Undefined	0xF5	0	
Tune Request	0xF6	0	Requests that the receiver retunes itself**.
&lt;/pre&gt;
*MIDI Time Code (MTC) is significantly complex. Please see the MIDI Specification
**While modern digital instruments are good at staying in tune, older analog synthesizers were prone to tuning drift. Some analog synthesizers had an automatic tuning operation that could be initiated with this command.


System Exclusive

If you’ve been keeping track, you’ll notice there are two status bytes not yet defined: 0xf0 and 0xf7. These are used by the System Exclusive message, often abbreviated at SysEx. SysEx provides a path to send arbitrary data over a MIDI connection. There is a group of predefined messages for complex data, like fine grained control of MIDI Time code machinery. SysEx is also used to send manufacturer defined data, such as patches, or even firmware updates.

System Exclusive messages are longer than other MIDI messages, and can be any length. The messages are of the following format:

0xF0, 0xID, 0xdd, ...... 0xF7
The message is bookended with distinct bytes.

It opens with the Start Of Exclusive (SOX) data byte, 0xF0.
The next one to three bytes after the start are an identifier.
Values from 0x01 to 0x7C are one-byte vendor IDs, assigned to manufacturers who were involved with MIDI at the beginning.
If the ID is 0x00, it’s a three-byte vendor ID - the next two bytes of the message are the value.
&lt;pre&gt;
ID 0x7D is a placeholder for non-commercial entities.
ID 0x7E indicates a predefined Non-realtime SysEx message.
ID 0x7F indicates a predefined Realtime SysEx message.
&lt;/pre&gt;
After the ID is the data payload, sent as a stream of bytes.
The transfer concludes with the End of Exclusive (EOX) byte, 0xF7.
The payload data must follow the guidelines for MIDI data bytes – the MSB must not be set, so only 7 bits per byte are actually usable. If the MSB is set, it falls into three possible scenarios.

An End of Exclusive byte marks the ordinary termination of the SysEx transfer.
System Real Time messages may occur within the transfer without interrupting it. The recipient should handle them independently of the SysEx transfer.
Other status bytes implicitly terminate the SysEx transfer and signal the start of new messages.
 Some inexpensive USB-to-MIDI interfaces aren’t capable of handling messages longer than four bytes.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110000 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0iiiiiii [0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii]  0ddddddd  --- --- 0ddddddd 11110111 || &lt;!--Description--&gt;System Exclusive. 
This message type allows manufacturers to create their own messages (such as bulk dumps, patch parameters, and other non-spec data) and provides a mechanism for creating additional MIDI Specification messages. The Manufacturer's ID code (assigned by MMA or AMEI) is either 1 byte (0iiiiiii) or 3 bytes (0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii 0iiiiiii). Two of the 1 Byte IDs are reserved for extensions called Universal Exclusive Messages, which are not manufacturer-specific. If a device recognizes the ID code as its own (or as a supported Universal message) it will listen to the rest of the message (0ddddddd). Otherwise, the message will be ignored. (Note: Only Real-Time messages may be interleaved with a System Exclusive.)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110001 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0nnndddd || &lt;!--Description--&gt;MIDI Time Code Quarter Frame.
nnn = Message Type
dddd = Values
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110010 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0lllllll 0mmmmmmm || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Song Position Pointer. 
This is an internal 14 bit register that holds the number of MIDI beats (1 beat= six MIDI clocks) since the start of the song. l is the LSB, m the MSB.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110011 || &lt;!--Data--&gt;0sssssss || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Song Select. 
The Song Select specifies which sequence or song is to be played.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110100 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110101 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110110 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Tune Request. Upon receiving a Tune Request, all analog synthesizers should tune their oscillators.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11110111 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;End of Exclusive. Used to terminate a System Exclusive dump. 
|}


System Real-Time Messages

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot;
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Status D7----D0 
! width=&quot;10%&quot;  |Data Byte(s) D7----D0 
! width=&quot;20%&quot;  |Description
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111000 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Timing Clock. Sent 24 times per quarter note when synchronization is required.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111001 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111010 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Start. Start the current sequence playing. (This message will be followed with Timing Clocks).
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111011 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Continue. Continue at the point the sequence was Stopped.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111100 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Stop. Stop the current sequence.
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111101 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Undefined. (Reserved)
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111110 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Active Sensing. This message is intended to be sent repeatedly to tell the receiver that a connection is alive. Use of this message is optional. When initially received, the receiver will expect to receive another Active Sensing message each 300ms (max), and if it does not then it will assume that the connection has been terminated. At termination, the receiver will turn off all voices and return to normal (non- active sensing) operation. 
|-
|&lt;!--Status--&gt;11111111 || &lt;!--Data--&gt; || &lt;!--Description--&gt;Reset. Reset all receivers in the system to power-up status. This should be used sparingly, preferably under manual control. In particular, it should not be sent on power-up.
|}


Advanced Messages

Polyphonic Pressure (0xA0) and Channel Pressure (0xD0)

Some MIDI controllers include a feature known as Aftertouch. While a key is being held down, the player can press harder on the key. The controller measures this, and converts it into MIDI messages.

Aftertouch comes in two flavors, with two different status messages.

The first flavor is polyphonic aftertouch, where every key on the controller is capable of sending its own independent pressure information. The messages are of the following format:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xkk, 0xpp
n is the status (0xA)
c is the channel nybble
kk is the key number (0 to 127)
pp is the pressure value (0 to 127)
&lt;/pre&gt;
Polyphonic aftertouch is an uncommon feature, usually found on premium quality instruments, because every key requires a separate pressure sensor, plus the circuitry to read them all.

Much more commonly found is channel aftertouch. Instead of needing a discrete sensor per key, it uses a single, larger sensor to measure pressure on all of the keys as a group. The messages omit the key number, leaving a two-byte format
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xpp
n is the status (0xD)
c is the channel number
pp is the pressure value (0 to 127)
&lt;/pre&gt;

Pitch Bend (0xE0)

Many keyboards have a wheel or lever towards the left of the keys for pitch bend control. This control is usually spring-loaded, so it snaps back to the center of its range when released. This allows for both upward and downward bends.

Pitch Bend Wheel

The wheel sends pitch bend messages, of the format
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xLL, 0xMM
n is the status (0xE)
c is the channel number
LL is the 7 least-significant bits of the value
MM is the 7 most-significant bits of the value
&lt;/pre&gt;
You’ll notice that the bender data is actually 14 bits long, transmitted as two 7-bit data bytes. This means that the recipient needs to reassemble those bytes using binary manipulation. 14 bits results in an overall range of 214, or 0 to 16,383. Because it defaults to the center of the range, the default value for the bender is halfway through that range, at 8192 (0x2000).

Control Change (0xB0)

In addition to pitch bend, MIDI has provisions for a wider range of expressive controls, sometimes known as continuous controllers, often abbreviated CC. These are transmitted by the remaining knobs and sliders on the keyboard controller shown below.


Continuous Controllers

These controls send the following message format:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xcc, 0xvv
n is the status (0xB)
c is the MIDI channel
cc is the controller number (0-127)
vv is the controller value (0-127)
&lt;/pre&gt;

Typically, the wheel next to the bender sends controller number one, assigned to modulation (or vibrato) depth. It is implemented by most instruments.

The remaining controller number assignments are another point of confusion. The MIDI specification was revised in version 2.0 to assign uses for many of the controllers. However, this implementation is not universal, and there are ranges of unassigned controllers.

On many modern MIDI devices, the controllers are assignable. On the controller keyboard shown in the photos, the various controls can be configured to transmit different controller numbers. Controller numbers can be mapped to particular parameters. Virtual synthesizers frequently allow the user to assign CCs to the on-screen controls. This is very flexible, but it might require configuration on both ends of the link and completely bypasses the assignments in the standard.


Program Change (0xC0)

Most synthesizers have patch storage memory, and can be told to change patches using the following command:
&lt;pre&gt;
0xnc, 0xpp
n is the status (0xc)
c is the channel
pp is the patch number (0-127)
&lt;/pre&gt;
This allows for 128 sounds to be selected, but modern instruments contain many more than 128 patches. Controller #0 is used as an additional layer of addressing, interpreted as a “bank select” command. Selecting a sound on such an instrument might involve two messages: a bank select controller message, then a program change.

Audio &amp; Midi are not synchronized, what I can do ?
Buy a commercial software package but there is a nasty trick to synchronize both. It's a bit hardcore but works for me:

 Simply put one line down to all midi notes on your pattern (use Insert key)
 and go to 'Misc. Setup', adjust the latency and just search a value
 that will make sound sync both audio/midi.

The stock Sin/Saw/Pulse and Rnd waveforms are too simple/common, is there a way to use something more complex/rich ?
You have to ability to redirect the waveforms of the instruments through the synth pipe by selecting the &quot;wav&quot; option for the oscillator you're using for this synth instrument, samples can be used as wavetables to replace the stock signals.


Sound banks like soundfont (sf2) or Kontakt2 are not supported at the moment


====DAW Audio Evolution 4====

Audio Evolution 4 gives you unsurpassed power for digital audio recording and editing on the Amiga. The latest release focusses on time-saving non-linear and non-destructive editing, as seen on other platforms. Besides editing, Audio Evolution 4 offers a wide range of realtime effects, including compression, noise gate, delays, reverb, chorus and 3-band EQ.

Whether you put them as inserts on a channel or use them as auxillaries, the effect parameters are realtime adjustable and can be fully automated. Together with all other mixing parameters, they can even be controlled remotely, using more ergonomic MIDI hardware.

Non-linear editing on the time line, including cut, copy, paste, move, split, trim and crossfade actions

The number of tracks per project(s) is unlimited .... AHI limits you to recording only two at a time. i.e. not on 8 track sound cards like the Juli@ or Phase 88.

sample file import is limited to 16bit AIFF (not AIFC, important distinction as some files from other sources can be AIFC with aiff file extension). and 16bit WAV (pcm only)


Most apps use the Music Unit only but a few apps also use Unit (0-3) instead or as well. 
* Set up AHI prefs so that microphone is available. (Input option near the bottom)


stereo++ allows the audio piece to be placed anywhere and the left-right adjusted to sound positionally right

hifi best for music playback if driver supports this option


Load 16bit .aif .aiff only sample(s) to use not AIFC which can have the same ending. AIFF stands for Audio Interchange File Format 

 sox recital.wav recital.aiff

 sox recital.wav −b 16 recital.aiff channels 1 rate 16k fade 3 norm
 sox input.wav        output.aiff bass −b 16 rate 48k

performs the same format translation, but also applies four effects (down-mix to one channel, sample rate change, fade-in, nomalize), and stores the result at a bit-depth of 16.

 rec −c 2 radio.aiff trim 0 30:00

records half an hour of stereo audio 

 play existing-file.wav


24bit PCM WAV or AIFF do not work 

*No stream format handling. So no way to pass on an AC3 encoded stream unmodified to the digital outputs through AHI.
*No master volume handling. Each application has to set its own volume. So each driver implements its own custom driver-mixer interface for handling master volumes, mute and preamps.
*Only one output stream. So all input gets mixed into one output.
*No automatic handling of output direction based on connected cables.
*No monitor input selection. Only monitor volume control. 


select the correct input (Don't mistake enabled sound for the correct input.)
The monitor will feedback audio to the lineout and hp out no matter if you have selected the correct input to the ADC. The monitor will provide sound for any valid input. This will result in free mixing when recording from the monitor input instead of mic/line because the monitor itself will provide the hardware mixing for you. Be aware that MIC inputs will give two channel mono. Only Linein will give real stereo.

Now for the not working part. Attempt to record from linein in the AE4 record window, the right channel is noise and the left channel is distorted. Even with the recommended HIFI 16bit Stereo++ mode at 48kHz.


Channels

Monitor

Gain

Inout

Output

Advanced settings - Debugging via serial port


* Options -&gt; Soundcard In/Out
* Options -&gt; SampleRate
* Options -&gt; Preferences

F6 for Sample File List

Setting a grid is easy as is measuring the BPM by marking a section of the sample. Is your kick drum track &quot;not in time&quot; ? If so, you're stumped in AE4 as it has no fancy variable time signatures and definitely no 'track this dodgy rhythm' function like software of the nature of Logic has. So if your drum beat is freeform you will need to work in freeform mode. (Real music is free form anyway).

If the drum *is* accurate and you are just having trouble measuring the time, I usually measure over a range of bars and set the number of beats in range to say 16 as this is more accurate, Then you will need to shift the drum track to match your grid *before* applying the grid. (probably an iterative process as when the grid is active samples snap to it, and when inactive you cannot see it).

AE4 does have ARexx but the functions are more for adding samples at set offsets and starting playback / recording.


These are the usual features found in DAWs...

* Recording digital audio, midi sequencer and mixer 
* virtual VST instruments and plug-ins 
* automation, group channels, MIDI channels, FX sends and returns, audio and MIDI editors and music notation editor


* different track views 
* mixer and track layout (but not the same as below) 
* traditional two windows (track and mixer)


Mixing - mixdown

Could not figure out how to select what part I wanted to send to the aux, set it to echo and return. Pretty much the whole echo effect. Or any effect.

Take look at page17 of the manual.

When you open the EQ / Aux send popup window you will see 4 sends. Now from the menu choose the windows menu.

Menus-&gt;Windows-&gt; Aux Returns Window

or press F5

You will see a small window with 4 volume controls and an effects button for each. Click a button and add an effects to that aux channel, then set it up as desired (note the reverb effect has a special AUX setting that improves its use with the aux channel, not compulsory but highly useful). You set the amount of 'return' on the main mix in the Aux Return window, and the amount sent from each main mixer channel in the popup for that channel. Again the aux sends are &quot;prefade&quot; so the volume faders on each channel do not affect them.


Tracking


Effects - fade in

To add some echoes to some vocals, tried to add an effect on a track but did not come out. This is made more complicated as I wanted to mute a vocal but then make it echo at the muting point. Want to have one word of a vocal heard and then echoed off. But when the track is mute the echo is cancelled out.

To correctly understand what is happening here you need to study the figure at the bottom of page 15 on the manual. You will see from that that the effects are applied 'prefade' So the automation you applied will naturally mute the entire signal.

There would be a number of ways to achieve the goal,

You have three real time effects slots, one for smoothing like so

Sample -&gt; Amplify -&gt; Delay

Then automate the gain of the amplify block so that it effectively mutes the sample just before the delay at the appropriate moment, the echo effect should then be heard.

Getting the effects in the right order will require experimentation as they can only be added top down and it's not obvious which order they are applied to the signal, but there only two possibilities, so it wont take long to find out.

Using MUTE can cause clicks to the Amplify can be used to mute more smoothly so that's a secondary advantage.

Signal Processing -


Overdub

[[#top|...to the top]]

===Office===

====Spreadsheet Leu====

Support for some xlsx, and ods functions 


====Spreadsheet Ignition====

; Needs ABIv1 to be completed before more can be done

File formats supported 
* ascii #?.txt and #?.csv (single sheets with data only). 
* igs and TurboCalc(WIP) #?.tc for all sheets with data, formats and formulas.

There is '''no''' support for xls, xlsx, ods or uos ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniform_Office_Format Uniform Unified Office Format]) at the moment.

* Always use Esc key after editing Spreadsheet cells.
* copy/paste seems to copy the first instance only so go to Edit -&gt; Clipboard to manage the list of remembered actions. 
* Right mouse click on row (1 or 2 or 3) or column header (a or b or c)  to access optimal height or width of the row or column respectively 
* Edit -&gt; Insert -&gt; Row  seems to clear the spreadsheet or clears the rows after the inserted row until undo restores as it should be...

Change Sheet name by  Object -&gt; Sheet -&gt; Properties

Click in the cell which will contain the result, and click '''down arrow button''' to the right of the formula box at the bottom of the spreadsheet and choose the function required from the list provided. Then click on the start cell and click on the bottom right corner, a '''very''' small blob, which allows stretching a bounding box (thick grey outlines) across many cells This grey bounding box can be used to '''copy a formula''' to other cells.

Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties to change cell format - Currency only covers DM and not $, Euro, Renminbi, Yen or Pound etc. 
Shift key and arrow keys selects a range of cells, so that '''formatting can be done to all highlighted cells'''. 
View -&gt; Overview then select ALL with one click (in empty cell in the top left hand corner of the sheet).

Default mode is relative cell referencing e.g. a1+a2 but absolute e.g. $a$1+$a$2 can be entered.

* #sheet-name to '''absolute''' reference another sheet-name cell unless reference() function used.

;Graphs

use shift key and arrow keys to select a bunch of cells to be graph'ed making sure that x axes represents and y axes represents

* value() - 0 value, 1 percent, 2 date, 3 time, 4 unit ...


;Dates 
* Excel starts a running count from the 1st Jan 1900 and Ignition starts from 1st Jan 1AD '''(maybe this needs to change)'''
Set formatting Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties and put date in days


;Time 
Set formatting Object -&gt; Cell -&gt; Properties and put time in seconds taken


;Database (to be done by someone else)

type - standard, reference (bezug), search criterion (suchkriterium), 
* select a bunch of cells and Object -&gt; Database -&gt; Define to set Datenbank (database) and Felder (fields not sure how?) 
* Neu (new) or loschen (delete) to add/remove database headings e.g. Personal, Start Date, Finish Date (one per row?)
* Object -&gt; Database -&gt; Index to add fields (felder) like Surname, First Name, Employee ID, etc. to ?

Filtering done with dbfilter(), dbproduct() and dbposition().

Activities with dbsum(), dbaverage(), dbmin() and dbmax().

Table sorting -


;Scripts (Arexx)

;Excel(TM) to Ignition - commas ''',''' replaced by semi-colons ''';''' to separate values within functions 
*SUM(), 
*AVERAGE(), MAX(), MIN(), INT(), PRODUCT(), MEDIAN(), VAR() becomes Variance(), Percentile(),
*IF(), AND, OR, NOT 
*LEFT(), RIGHT(), MID() becomes MIDDLE(), LEN() becomes LENGTH(), 
*LOWER() becomes LOWERCASE(), UPPER() becomes UPPERCASE(),
* DATE(yyyy,mm,dd) becomes COMPUTEDATE(dd;mm;yyyy), 
*TODAY(), DAY(),WEEK(), MONTH(),=YEAR(TODAY()), 
*EOMONTH() becomes MONTHLENGTH(), 
*NOW() should be date and time becomes time only, SECOND(), MINUTE(), HOUR(),
*DBSUM() becomes DSUM(),


;Missing and possibly useful features/functions needed for ignition to have better support of Excel files 
There is no Merge and Join Text over many cells, no protect and/or freeze row or columns or books but can LOCK sheets, no define bunch of cells as a name, Macros (Arexx?), conditional formatting, no Solver, no Goal Seek, no Format Painter, no AutoFill, no AutoSum function button, no pivot tables, (30 argument limit applies to Excel)

*HLOOKUP(), VLOOKUP(), [http://production-scheduling.com/excel-index-function-most-useful/ INDEX(), MATCH()], CHOOSE(), TEXT(), 
*TRIM(), FIND(), SUBSTITUTE(), CONCATENATE() or &amp;, PROPER(), REPT(), 
*[https://acingexcel.com/excel-sumproduct-function/ SUMPRODUCT()], ROUND(), ROUNDUP(), *ROUNDDOWN(), COUNT(), COUNTA(), SUMIF(), COUNTIF(), COUNTBLANK(), TRUNC(), 
*PMT(), PV(), FV(), POWER(), SQRT(), MODE(), TRUE, FALSE, 
*MODE(), LARGE(), SMALL(), RANK(), STDEV(), 
*DCOUNT(), DCOUNTA(), WEEKDAY(),


;Excel Keyboard [http://dmcritchie.mvps.org/excel/shortx2k.htm shortcuts needed to aid usability in Ignition] 
&lt;pre&gt;
Ctrl Z - Undo

Ctrl D - Fill Down
Ctrl R - Fill right

Ctrl F - Find
Ctrl H - Replace

Ctrl 1 - Formatting of Cells
CTRL SHIFT ~ Apply General Formatting ie a number 
Ctrl ; - Todays Date 

F2 - Edit cell
F4 - toggle cell absolute / relative cell references

&lt;/pre&gt;


====Document Scanning - Scandal====

Scanner usually needs to be connected via a USB port and not via a hub or extension lead.

Check in Trident Prefs -&gt; Devices that the USB Scanner is not bound to anything (e.g. Bindings None)
If not found then reboot the computer and recheck.

Start Scandal, choose Settings from Menu strip at top of screen and in Scanner Driver choose the ?#.device of the scanner (e.g. epson2.device).

The next two boxes - leave empty as they are for morphos SCSI use only
 or put ata.device (use the selection option in bigger box below) and Unit as 0 this is needed for gt68xx

* gt68xx - no editing needed in s/gt68xx.conf but needs a firmware file that corresponds to the scanner [http://www.meier-geinitz.de/sane/gt68xx-backend/ gt68xx firmwares] in sys:s/gt68xx.
* epson2 - Need to edit the file epson2.conf in sys/s that corresponds to the scanner being used

'''Save''' the settings but do not press the Use button (aros freezes)

Back to the Picture Scan window and the right-hand sections.

Click on the '''Information''' tab and press Connect button and the scanner should now be detected.

Go next to the '''Scanner''' tab next to Information Tab should have Color, Black and White, etc. and dpi settings now. Selecting an option Color, B/W etc. can cause dpi settings corruption (especially if the settings are in one line) so set '''dpi first'''. Make sure if Preview is set or not.

In the '''Scan''' Tab, press Scan and the scanner will do its duty. 
Be aware that nothing is saved to disk yet.

In the Save tab, change format JPEG, PNG or IFF DEEP. Tick incremental and base filename if necessary and then click the Save button. The image will now be saved to permanent storage.


The driver ignores a device if it is already bond to another USB class, rejects it from being usable. However, open Trident prefs, select your device and use the right mouse button to open. Select &quot;NONE&quot; to prevent poseidon from touching the device. Now save settings. It should always work now.

[[#top|...to the top]]

===Emulators===

==== Amiberry ====


==== Amiga Emu - Janus UAE ====

With Amibridge, AROS attempts to make the UAE emulator seem embedded within but it still is acting as an app 

There is no dynarec m68k for each hardware that Aros supports or direct patching of motorola calls to AROS hardware accelerated ones unless the emulator has that included 

Try starting Janus with a priority of -1 like this little script:
&lt;pre&gt;
cd sys:system/AmiBridge/emulator
changetaskpri -1
run janus-uae -f my_uaerc.config &gt;nil:
cd sys:prefs
endcli
&lt;/pre&gt;
This stops Janus hogging all the CPU time.


===Miscellaneous===

====Screensaver Blanker====

Most blankers on the amiga (i.e. aros) run as commodities (they are in the tools/commodities drawer). Double click on blanker.

Control is with an app called Exchange, which you need to run first (double click on app) or  run QUIET sys:tools/commodities/Exchange &gt;NIL: but subsequently can use (Cntrl Alt h).

Icon tool types (may be broken) or command line options 
&lt;pre&gt;
seconds=number 
&lt;/pre&gt;

Once the timing is right then add the following to s:icaros-sequence or s:user-startup

e.g. for 5 minutes

 run QUIET sys:tools/commodities/Blanker seconds=300 &gt;NIL:


*[http://archives.aros-exec.org/index.php?function=showfile&amp;file=graphics/screenblanker/gblanker.i386-aros.zip Garshneblanker] can make Aros unstable or slow. Certain blankers crashes in Icaros 2.0.x like Dragon, Executor.


*[ Acuario AROS version], the aquarium screen saver.

Startup: extras:acuariofv-aros/acuario

Kill: c:break name=extras:acuariofv-aros/acuario

Managed to start Acuario by the Executor blanker.

&lt;pre&gt;
cx_priority=
cx_popkey=    ie CX_POPKEY=&quot;Shift F1&quot; 
cx_popup=Yes or No

&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
 Qualifier String    Input Event Class
   ----------------    -----------------
    &quot;lshift&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_LSHIFT
    &quot;rshift&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_RSHIFT
    &quot;capslock&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_CAPSLOCK
    &quot;control&quot;          IEQUALIFIER_CONTROL
    &quot;lalt&quot;             IEQUALIFIER_LALT
    &quot;ralt&quot;             IEQUALIFIER_RALT
    &quot;lcommand&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_LCOMMAND
    &quot;rcommand&quot;         IEQUALIFIER_RCOMMAND
    &quot;numericpad&quot;       IEQUALIFIER_NUMERICPAD
    &quot;repeat&quot;           IEQUALIFIER_REPEAT
    &quot;midbutton&quot;        IEQUALIFIER_MIDBUTTON
    &quot;rbutton&quot;          IEQUALIFIER_RBUTTON
    &quot;leftbutton&quot;       IEQUALIFIER_LEFTBUTTON
    &quot;relativemouse&quot;    IEQUALIFIER_RELATIVEMOUSE
&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
    Synonym     Synonym
    String     Identifier
    -------    ----------
    &quot;shift&quot;    IXSYM_SHIFT    /* look for either shift key */
    &quot;caps&quot;     IXSYM_CAPS     /* look for either shift key or capslock */
    &quot;alt&quot;      IXSYM_ALT      /* look for either alt key */

Highmap is one of the following strings:
    &quot;space&quot;, &quot;backspace&quot;, &quot;tab&quot;, &quot;enter&quot;, &quot;return&quot;, &quot;esc&quot;, &quot;del&quot;,
    &quot;up&quot;, &quot;down&quot;, &quot;right&quot;, &quot;left&quot;, &quot;f1&quot;, &quot;f2&quot;, &quot;f3&quot;, &quot;f4&quot;, &quot;f5&quot;,
    &quot;f6&quot;, &quot;f7&quot;, &quot;f8&quot;, &quot;f9&quot;, &quot;f10&quot;, &quot;help&quot;.


&lt;/pre&gt;


[[#top|...to the top]]

==== World Construction Set WCS (Version 2.031) ====

WCS is a fractal landscape software such as Scenery Animator, Vista Pro and Panorama. Open sourced February 2022, World Construction Set [https://3dnature.com/downloads/legacy-software/ legally and for free] and [https://github.com/AlphaPixel/3DNature c source]. 

Announced August 1994 this version dates from April 1996 developed by Gary R. Huber and Chris &quot;Xenon&quot; Hanson&quot; from Questar 

&lt;pre&gt;
Assign &quot;WCSProjects:&quot; &quot;Volume:Dir/Dir/WCSProjects&quot; 
Assign &quot;WCSFrames:&quot;   &quot;Volume:Dir/Dir/WCSFrames&quot; 
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
Load projects .proj by accessing pull down menu Project -&gt; Open then click on CanyonSunset.proj
OK to changing .par file and enlarge Status Log window to show what is happening 
Render by pull down menu Modules -&gt; Render with End equal 1 not 300 then click bottom middle button Render 
&lt;/pre&gt;

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CxQDmf1ZWG0 Youtube walkthrough of above], [], [], 

Also try working with the already built file ColoDemo - Then open with the drop-down menu: Project/Open, then WCSProject:ColoDemo.proj
Which allows you to use altimetric DEM files already included and Loading scene parameters from ColoDemo.par
Once this is done, save everything with a new name to start working exclusively on your project. 
Then drop-down menu and select Save As (&quot;NewName&quot;.proj name), then drop-down menu to open parameter and select Save All ( .par name)


After launching the software, there is a the Module Control Panel composed of five icons. 
It is a dock type shortcut of the first few functions of the drop-down menu 

*Database   - Load (#?.proj), Append, Create, Edit, Save, Dir List (of WCSProject drawer), 
*Data Ops   - Extract / Convert Interp DEM, Import DLG, DXF, WDB and export LW map 3d formats  
*Map View   - Database file Loader leading to Map View Control with option to the Database Editor 
*Parameters - Editor for Motion, Color, Ecosystem, Clouds, Waves, management of altimeter files DEM, sclock settings etc 
*Render     - rendering terrain 

These are more in the pull down menu but not in the dock 
*Motion Editor
*Color Editor
*Ecosys Editor 


Simple minimal workflow 
*Load database (1st icon - 1st)
*Set parameters and save .par file (4th icon)
*Render scene (5th icon) 

[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZbTwwR2qcc4 Youtube], [], 

&lt;pre&gt;
.proj new project name which creates a drawer of additional files 

.binary array, ascii array .xyz , z buffer, DTED .dt0, vista 1990s dem, iff  conversion 
.Obj with .elev, .frd with .hdr maps, - digital elevation model (DEM) is a 3D representation of elevation data in various formats 
USGS 7.5MinDEM, 

.par 


&lt;/pre&gt;


Since for the time being no project is loaded, a query window indicates a procedural error when clicking on the rendering icon (right end of the bar). The menu is quite traditional; it varies according to the activity of the windows. To display any altimetric file in the &quot;Mapview&quot; (third icon of the panel), There are three possibilities:

* Loading of a demonstration project.
* The import of a DEM file, followed by texturing and packaging from the &quot;Database-Editor&quot; and the &quot;Color-Editor&quot;.
* The creation of an altimetric file in WCS format, then texturing.


The altimeter file editing (display in the menu) is only made possible if the &quot;Mapview&quot; window is active.

The software is made up of many windows and won't be able to describe them all. Know that &quot;Color-Editor&quot; and the &quot;Data-Editor&quot; comprise sufficient functions for obtaining an almost real rendering quality. You have the possibility of inserting vector objects in the &quot;Data-Editor&quot; (creation of roads, railways, etc.) 


The Map View (MapView) window

*Database - Objects and Topos
*View     - Align, Center, Zoom, Pan, Move 
*Draw     - Maps and distance 
*Object   - Find, highlight, add points, conform topo, duplicate 
*Motion   - Camera, Focus, path, elevation 
*Windows  - DEM designer, Cloud (.cld) and wave (.wve) editor, 


You will notice that by selecting this window and simply moving the pointer to various points on the map you will see latitude and longitude values ​​change, along with the height.
Drop-down menu and Modules, then select MapView and change the width of the window with the map to arrange it in the best way on the screen. With the Auto button the center. Window that then displays the contents of my DEM file, in this case the Grand Canyon. MapView allows you to observe the shape of the landscape from above
 

ZOOM button

Press the Zoom button and then with the pointer position on a point on the map, press the left mouse button and then move to the opposite corner to circumscribe the chosen area and press the left mouse button again, then we will see the enlarged area selected on the map.
Would add that there is a box next to the Zoom button that allows the direct insertion of a value which, the larger it is, the smaller the magnification and the smaller the value, the stronger the magnification. At each numerical change you will need to press the DRAW button to update the view.

PAN button

Under Zoom you will find the PAN button which allows you to move the map at will in all directions by the amount you want. This is done by drawing a line in one direction, then press PAN and point to an area on the map with the pointer and press the left mouse button. At this point, leave it and move the pointer in one direction by drawing a line and press the left mouse button again to trigger the movement of the map on the screen (origin and end points). Do some experiments and then use the Auto button immediately below to recenter everything.
There are parameters such as TOPO, VEC to be left checked and immediately below one that allows different views of the map with the Style command (Single, Multi, Surface, Emboss, Slope, Contour), each with its own particularities to highlight different details.

Now you have the first basics to manage your project visually on the map. Close the MapView window and go further...


Let's start working on ECOSYSTEMS
If we select Emboss from the MapView Style command we will have a clear idea of ​​how the landscape appears, realizing that it is a predominantly desert region of our planet. Therefore we will begin to act on any vegetation present and the appearance of the landscape.
With WCS we will begin to break down the elements of the landscape by assigning defined characteristics. It will be necessary to determine the classes of the ecosystem (Class) with parameters of Elevation Line (maximum altitude), Relative Elevation (arrangement on basins or convexities with respectively positive or negative parameters), Min Slope and Max Slope (slope). WCS offers the possibility of making ecosystems coexist on the same terrain with the UnderEco function, by setting a Density value.


Ecosys Ecosystem Editor

Let's open it from Modules, then Ecosys Editor. In the left pane you will find the list of ecosystems referring to the files present in our project. It will be necessary to clean up that box to leave only the Water and Snow landscapes and a few other predefined ones. We can do this by selecting the items and pressing the Remove button (be careful not for all elements the button is activated, therefore they cannot all be eliminated).
Once this is done we can start adding new ecosystems. Scroll through the various Unused and as soon as the Name item at the top is activated allowing you to write, type the name of your ecosystem, adding the necessary parameters.
&lt;pre&gt;
Ecosystem1: Name: RockBase Class: Rock Density: 80 MinSlope: 15 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosystem2: Name: RockIncl Clss: Rock Density: 80 MinSlope: 30 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosystem3: Name: Grass Class Low Veg Density: 50 Height: 1 Elev Line : 1500 Rel El Eff: 5
Max Slope: 10 – Min Slope: 0 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosistema4: Name: Shrubs Class: Low Veg Density: 40 Height: 8 Elev Line: 3000
Rel El Eff: -2 Max Slope: 20 Min Slope : 5 UnderEco: Terrain
Ecosistema5: Name: Terrain Class: Ground Density: 100 UnderEco: Terrain
&lt;/pre&gt;

Now we need to identify an intermediate ecosystem that guarantees a smooth transition between all, therefore we select as Understory Ecosystem the one called Terrain in all ecosystems, except Snow and Water .
Now we need to 'emerge' the Colorado River in the Canyon and we can do this by raising the sea level to 900 (Sea Level) in the Ecosystem called Water.
Please note that the order of the ecosystem list gives priority to those that come after. So our list must have the following order: Water, Snow, Shrubs, RockIncl, RockBase, Terrain. It is possible to carry out all movements with the Swap button at the bottom. To put order you can also press Short List. Press Keep to confirm all the work done so far with Ecosystem Editor.
Remember every now and then to save both the Project 'Modules/Save' and 'Parameter/Save All'

EcoModels are made up of .etp .fgp .iff8 for each model 


Color Editor

Now it's time to define the colors of our scene and we can do this by going to Modules and then Color Editor. In the list we focus on our ecosystems, created first.
Let's go to the bottom of the list and select the first white space, assigning the name 'empty1', with a color we like and then we will find this element again in other environments... It could serve as an example for other situations!
So we move to 'grass' which already exists and assign the following colors: R 60 G 70 B50
&lt;pre&gt;
'shrubs': R 60 G 80 B 30
'RockIncl' R 110 G 65 B 60
'RockBase' R 110 G 80 B 80
' Terrain' R 150 G 30 B 30
&lt;pre&gt;
Now we can work on pre-existing colors
&lt;pre&gt;
'SunLight' R 150 G 130 B 130
'Haze and Fog' R 190 G 170 B 170
'Horizon' R 209 G 185 B 190
'Zenith' R 140 G 150 B 200
'Water' R 90 G 125 B 170
&lt;/pre&gt;

Ambient R 0 G 0 B 0

So don't forget to close Color Editor by pressing Keep.
Go once again to Ecosystem Editor and assign the corresponding color to each environment by selecting it using the Ecosystem Color button. Press it several times until the correct one appears. Then save the project and parameters again, as done previously.


Motion Editor

Now it's time to take care of the framing, so let's go to Modules and then to Motion Editor. An extremely feature-rich window will open. Following is the list of parameters regarding the Camera, position and other characteristics:
&lt;pre&gt;
-Camera Altitude: 7.0
-Camera Latitude: 36.075
-Camera Longitude: 112.133
-Focus Attitude: -2.0
-Focus Latitude: 36.275
-Focus Longitude: 112.386
-Camera : 512 → rendering window
-Camera Y: 384 → rendering window
-View Arc: 80 → View width in degrees
-Sun Longitude: 172
-Sun Latitude: -0.9
-Haze Start: 3.8
-Haze Range: 78, 5
&lt;/pre&gt;
As soon as the values ​​shown in the relevant sliders have been modified, we will be ready to open the CamView window to observe the wireframe preview. Let's not consider all the controls that will appear.
Well from the Motion Editor if you have selected Camera Altitude and open the CamView panel, you can change the height of the camera by holding down the right mouse button and moving the mouse up and down. To update the view, press the Terrain button in the adjacent window. As soon as you are convinced of the position, confirm again with Keep. You can carry out the same work with the other functions of the camera, such as Focus Altitude...
Let's now see the next positioning step on the Camera map, but let's leave the CamView preview window open while we go to Modules to open the window at the same time MapView. We will thus be able to take advantage of the view from the other together with a subjective one.


From the MapView window, select with the left mouse button and while it is pressed, move the Camera as desired. To update the subjective preview, always click on Terrain.
While with the same procedure you can intervene on the direction of the camera lens, by selecting the cross and with the left button pressed you can choose the desired view. So with the pressure of Terrain I update the Preview. Possibly can enlarge or reduce the Map View using the Zoom button, for greater precision.
Also write that the circle around the cameras indicates the beginning of the haze, there are two types (haze and fog) linked to the altitude. Would also add that the camera height is editable through the Motion Editor panel.


The sun

Let's see that changing the position of the sun from the Motion Editor. Press the SUN button at the bottom right and set the time and the date. Longitude and latitude are automatically obtained by the program. Always open the View Arc command from the Motion Editor panel, an item present in the Parameter List box.

Once again confirm everything with Keep and then save again.


Animation

The animation part is not left-back and also occupies a window. The settings possibilities are enormous. A time line with dragging functions (&quot;slide&quot;, &quot;drag&quot;...) comparable to that of LightWave completes this window. 


A small window is available for positioning the stars as a function of a date, in order to vary the seasons and their various events (and yes...).

At the bottom of the &quot;Motion-Editor&quot;, a &quot;cam-view&quot; function will give you access to a control panel. Different preview modes are possible. The rendering is also accessible through a window. No less than nine pages compose it. At this level, you will be able to determine the backup name of your images (&quot;path&quot;), the type of texture to be calculated, the resolution of the images, activate or deactivate functions such as the depth buffer (&quot;zbuffer&quot;), the blur, the background image, etc.


Once all these parameters have been set, all you have to do is click on the &quot;Render&quot; button.

For rendering go to Modules and then Render. Select the resolution, then under IMA select the name of the image. Move to FRA and indicate the level of fractal detail which of 4 is quite good. Then Keep to confirm and then reopen the window, pressing Render you will see the result. The image will be opened with any viewing program.


Strengths:

* Multi-window.
* Quality of rendering.
* Accuracy.
* Opening, preview and rendering on CyberGraphX screen.
* Extract / Convert Interp DEM, Import DLG, DXF, WDB and export LW map 3d formats 
* The &quot;zbuffer&quot; function.

Weaknesses:

* No OpenGL management 
* Calculation time.
* No network computing tool.


====Writing CD / DVD - Frying Pan====

Can be backup DVDs (4GB ISO size limit due to use of FileInfoBlock), create audio cds from mp3's, and put .iso files on discs

If using for the first time - click Drive button and Device set to ata.device and unit to 0 (zero)

Click Tracks Button - Drive 1 - Create New Disc or Import Existing Disc Image (iso bin/cue etc.) - Session File open cue file

If you're making a data cd, with files and drawers from your hard drive, you should be using the ISO Builder.. which is the MUI page on the left. (&quot;Data/Audio Tracks&quot; is on the right).

You should use the &quot;Data/Audio tracks&quot; page if you want to create music cds with AIFF/WAV/MP3 files, or if you download an .iso file, and you want to put it on a cd.

Click WRITE Button - set write speed - click on long Write button

Examples

Easiest way would be to burn a DATA CD, simply go to &quot;Tracks&quot; page &quot;ISO Builder&quot; and &quot;ADD&quot; everything you need to burn.

On the &quot;Write&quot; page i have &quot;Masterize Disc (DAO)&quot;, &quot;Close Disc&quot; and &quot;Eject after Write&quot; set.

One must not &quot;Blank disc before write&quot; if one uses a CDR


AUDIO CD from MP3's are as easy but tricky to deal with. FP only understands one MP3 format, Layer II, everything else will just create empty tracks

Burning bootable CD's works only with .iso files. Go to &quot;Tracks&quot; page and &quot;Data/Audio Tracks&quot; and add the .iso


====odf====

Every ODF file is a collection of several subdocuments within a package (ZIP file), each of which stores part of the complete document.

* content.xml – Document content and automatic styles used in the content.
* styles.xml – Styles used in the document content and automatic styles used in the styles themselves.
* meta.xml – Document meta information, such as the author or the time of the last save action.
* settings.xml – Application-specific settings, such as the window size or printer information.


To read document follow these steps:

* Extracting .ods file.
* Getting content.xml file (which contains sheets data).
* Creating XmlDocument object from content.xml file.
* Creating DataSet (that represent Spreadsheet file).
* With XmlDocument select “table:table” elements, and then create adequate DataTables.
* Parse child’s of “table:table” element and fill DataTables with those data.
* At the end, return DataSet and show it in application’s interface.


To write document follow these steps:

* Extracting template.ods file (.ods file that we use as template).
* Getting content.xml file.
* Creating XmlDocument object from content.xml file.
* Erasing all “table:table” elements from the content.xml file.
* Reading data from our DataSet and composing adequate “table:table” elements.
* Adding “table:table” elements to content.xml file.
* Zipping that file as new .ods file.

XLS file format

The XLS file format contains streams, substreams, and records.

These sheet substreams include worksheets, macro sheets, chart sheets, dialog sheets, and VBA module sheets. 
All the records in an XLS document start with a 2-byte unsigned integer to specify Record Type (rt), and another for Count of Bytes (cb). A record cannot exceed 8224 bytes. If larger than the rest is stored in one or more continue records.

* Workbook stream 
**Globals substream
***BoundSheet8 record - info for Worksheet substream i.e. name, location, type, and visibility. (4bytes the lbPlyPos FilePointer, specifies the position in the Workbook stream where the sheet substream starts) 
**Worksheet substream (sheet) - Cell Table - Row record - Cells (2byte=row 2byte=column 2byte=XF format)
***Blank cell record
***RK cell record 32-bit number. 
***BoolErr cell record (2-byte Bes structure that may be either a Boolean value or an error code)
***Number cell record (64-bit floating-point number)
***LabelSst cell record (4-byte integer that specifies a string in the Shared Strings Table (SST). Specifically, the integer corresponds to the array index in the RGB field of the SST)
***Formula cell record (FormulaValue structure in the 8 bytes that follow the cell structure. The next 6 bytes can be ignored, and the rest of the record is a CellParsedFormula structure that contains the formula itself)
***MulBlank record (first 2 bytes give the row, and the next 2 bytes give the column that the series of blanks starts at. Next, a variable length array of cell structures follows to store formatting information, and the last 2 bytes show what column the series of blanks ends on)
***MulRK record 
***Shared String Table (SST) contains all of the string values in the workbook.

ACCRINT(), ACCRINTM(), AMORDEGRC(), AMORLINC(), 
COUPDAYBS(), COUPDAYS(), COUPDAYSNC(), COUPNCD(), COUPNUM(), COUPPCD(), 
CUMIPMT(), CUMPRINC(), 
DB(), DDB(), DISC(), 
DOLLARDE(), DOLLARFR(), 
DURATION(), EFFECT(), FV(), FVSCHEDULE(), 
INTRATE(), IPMT(), IRR(), ISPMT(), MDURATION(), MIRR(), NOMINAL(), NPER(), NPV(), 
ODDFPRICE(), ODDFYIELD(), ODDLPRICE(), ODDLYIELD(), 
PMT(), PPMT(), PRICE(), PRICEDISC(), PRICEMAT(), PV(), RATE(), 
RECEIVED(), SLN(), SYD(), TBILLEQ(), TBILLPRICE(), TBILLYIELD(), 
VDB(), XIRR(), XNPV(), YIELD(), YIELDDISC(), YIELDMAT(),


&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;


&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

&lt;pre&gt;
&lt;/pre&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>fef4rrqiew7vdgpwr1zjwqmtcv371so</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Structural Biochemistry/Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid cycle)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>244174</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679084</id>
      <parentid>4245784</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:02:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679084</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16016" sha1="6e70m6qwnslhbeved76y79236yeomyb" xml:space="preserve">[[Image:Citric acid cycle with aconitate 2.svg|thumb|right|400px|Citric acid cycle]]
The Citric Acid Cycle has eight-steps. 
==Citric Acid Cycle==
Other name for citric acid cycle is tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle or the Krebs cycle. The citric acid cycle is the central metabolic core of the cell. It is the final common pathway for oxidation &amp;mdash; in other words harvesting high energy electrons--fuel molecules such as carbohydrate fatty acids, and amino acids by entering the cycle as Acetyl Coenzyme A (CoA). This reaction takes place inside of mitochondria. It is very efficient because it can generate large amounts of NADH and FADH. The citric acid cycle provides the majority, 90 percent, of energy used by aerobic human cells.  By acting as the first stage of cellular respiration, the generation of high energy electrons from the citric acid cycle, in turn, are used in oxidative phosphorylation to reduce O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, generate proton gradient, and, later, the synthesis of ATP.
&lt;br /&gt;

==Citric Acid Cycle Links to Glycolysis by Pyruvate Dehydrogenase==
Carbohydrates are mostly processed by glycolysis into pyruvate. Depending on the organism, the pyruvate is converted into either lactate or ethanol under anaerobic conditions. Through a specific carrier protein embedded in the mitochondrial membrane, pyruvate is transported into the mitochondria under aerobic conditions. Then, the pyruvate is oxidatively decarboxylated by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in order to form the acetyl CoA in the mitochondrial matrix. The reaction is shown in the following:
&lt;br /&gt;
Pyruvate + CoA + NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; → acetyl CoA + CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + NADH + H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This is an irreversible reaction which links glycolysis and the citric acid cycle together. As shown, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is produced by pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and it captures high-transfer-potential electrons in the form of NADH. Therefore, the pyruvate dehydrogenase relates to the reactions of the citric acid cycle itself. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is composed of three different enzymes. Its complex is composed of members of a family of homologous complexes which include citric acid cycle enzyme a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. These complexes are very large, even bigger than ribosomes, with its molecular mass to be in between 4 million to 10 million daltons. 

===Reactions===
:Acetyl-CoA, main product of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex in aerobic respiration, starts the Krebs cycle. (An irreversible reaction that is link between glycolysis and the citric acid cycle.) The mechanism of the synthesis of acetyl coenzyme A from pyruvate requires five coenzymes and three enzymes. It is a very complex mechanism which many enzymes and coenzymes. Cofactors, which function as substrates, are divided into two different cofactors which are catalytic cofactor and stoichiometric cofactor. The catalytic cofactor includes coenzymes such as thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP), lipoic acid, and FAD. The stoichiometric cofactor includes coenzymes such as CoA and NAD+. Pyruvate converts into acetyl CoA in three distinct steps which include: decarboxylation, oxidation, and transfer of the resultant acetyl group to CoA. 
Pyruvate results in formation of acetyl-CoA  by a three step reaction:

1. Decarboxylation: TPP is combined with the pyruvate and decarboxylated in order to yield hydroxyethyl-TPP. Of the pyruvate dehydrogenase component, TPP is known as the prosthetic group which the carbon atom between the nitrogen and sulfur atoms in the thizaole ring is more acidic than most double bonded carbon groups with pKa values near 10. This reaction is catalyzed by the (E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) pyruvate dehydrogenase component of the multienzyme complex. The carbon center located in the TPP is ionized to form a carbanion which is added to the carbonyl group of pyruvate. As part of decarboxylation, a positive charged ring of TPP stabilizes the negative charge which was transferred to the ring. Finally, the protonation yields hydroxyethyl-TPP.
   
   Pyruvate +  TPP( conenzyme thiamine pyrophosphate)+ 2 H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; --&gt; Hydroxyehthyl-TPP + CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;
2. Oxidation: In order to form an acetyl group, the hydroxyethyl group which is attached to TTP is oxidized. Simultaneously, the hydroxyethyl group is transferred to lipoamide which is lipoic acid derived that links to the side chain of a lysine residue by an amide linkage. This creates the formation of an energy-rich thioester bond. In this reaction, the disulfide group of lipoamide acts as an oxidant and is reduced to the disulfhydryl form. This reaction is catalyzed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase component (E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) as well and yields the acetyllipoamide. 

   Hydroxyethyl-TPP + Lipoamide --&gt; TPP + Acetyllipoamide

3. Formation of Acetyl CoA: Formation of Acetyl CoA: In this step, acetyl CoA is formed when acetyl group is transferred from acetyllipoamide. This reaction is catalyzed by dihydrolipoyl transacetylase (E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;). As the acetyl group is transferred to the CoA, the energy-rich thioester bond is preserved. Thus, the fuel for the citric acid cycle, acetyl CoA has been generated from pyruvate for use. Until the dihydrolipoamide is oxidized to lipoamide, the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex cannot complete another catalytic cycle. 

   CoA + Acetyllipoamide --&gt; Acetyl CoA + Dihydrolipoamide

4. Formation of NADH: The final step in this reaction occurs when the oxidized form of lipoamide is regenerated by dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase (E&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;).Two electrons are transferred to first an FAD prosthetic group of the enzyme and then to NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;. This process of transferring electron is very unusual because FAD are known to receive electrons from NADH, not transfer them. Within the enzyme, the electron-transfer potential of FAD is increased by its chemical environment which enables it to transfer electrons to NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;. Flavoproteins are proteins which are tightly associated with FAD or FMN also known as flavin mononucleotide.
   Dihydrolipoaminde + FAD --&gt; Lipoamide + FADH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; --&gt; FAD + NADH + H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;

Overall reaction:
   Pyruvate + CoA + NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; --&gt; acetyl CoA + CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + NADH +H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;

==Citric Cycle Reactions==
1. The first reaction of the cycle is condensation of acetyl-CoA with oxaloacetate to form citrate. In this reaction, acetyl group is joined to the carbonyl group of oxaloacetate. The reaction between acetyl-CoA with oxaloacetate is necessary to form an active site closed citryl CoA complex for hydrolysis because the active site of acetyl-CoA with hydrolysis is a wasteful process.
   Oxaloacetate + Acteyl-CoA --&gt; Citryl-CoA + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O --&gt;Citrate + CoA

2. Formation of Isocitrate via cis-Aconitate: Enzyme, aconitase catalyzes the reversible transformation of citrate to isocitrate. This is actually a 2 steps mechanism, which interchange an hydrogen with an hydroxyl group. First citrate is dehydrated to form the intermediary formation of the tricarboxylic acid cis-aconitate. Then by using the same enzyme, aconitase, isocitrate is formed. Aconitase is an iron-sulfur protein that participate in the dehydration and rehydration of the substrate.
   Citrate &lt;-(forward rxn removes water)-&gt; cis-Aconitate &lt;-(forward react with water)-&gt; Isocitrate

3. Oxidation of ioscitrate with NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; to α-Ketoglutarate, CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and NADH. Isocitrate dehydrogenase catalyzed oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to form α-ketoglutarate. Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; is used to interact with the carbonyl group of oxalosuccinate. The rate of formation of α-ketoglutarate determines of overall reaction in the citric cycle. The intermediate, oxalosuccinate, is a very unstable β-ketoacid.
Reaction with Intermediate:
   Isocitatrate + NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; --&gt; Oxalosuccinate + NADH + H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;
   Oxalosuccinate + H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; --&gt; CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + α-ketoglutarate
Overall Reaction:
   Isocitrate + NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; --&gt; α-ketoglutarate +CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + NADH

4. Oxidation of α-ketoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. This is another oxidative decarboxylation. Alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to succinyl-CoA and CO2 by the action of the α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex. NAD+ is used as electron acceptor and CoA as the carrier of the succinyl group. This reaction is virtually identical to the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction. It has three enzymes participating in this step. This is similar to the Pyruvate Dehdrogenase Complex reaction. 
   α-ketoglutarate+ CoA + NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; -(α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex)-&gt; succinyl-CoA + CO&lt;sub&gt;2A&lt;/sub&gt; +NADH

5. Conversion of Succinyl-CoA to Succinate: Succinyl-CoA has a thioester bond. Thioester bond retains a lot of energy (ΔG° = -33.5 kJ mol &lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. Energy is released by breaking the thioester bond. The enzyme that is used in this step is called succinyl-Co synthetase or succinic thiokinase. The cleavage of the bond is coupled with GDP getting phosphorylated.

   Succinyl CoA + P&lt;sub&gt;i&lt;/sub&gt; + GDP --&gt; succinate + CoA + GTP

6. Oxidation of succinate to fumarate: the succinate formed from succinyl-CoA is oxidized to fumarate by the enzyme called succinate dehydrogenase. FAD, which is attached to histidine side chain, acts as the electron acceptor by removing two hydrogen from succinate. FADH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; will pass its electrons to coenzyme Q, which will be use in the electron transport chain.

   His-FAD + succinate &lt;--&gt; His- FADH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; + fumarate

7. Hydration of fumarate to malate: fumarate is then converted to malate by using fumarase. This enzyme is highly stereospecific; it catalyzes hydration of the trans double bond of fumarate. The reaction with add H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; to make L-malate.

   Fumarate + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O --&gt; L-Malate

8. In the final step, Malate (C4), in a oxidation-reducation reaction catalyzed by malate dehydrogenase, is oxidized to oxaloacetate (C4) with NAD+ being reduced to NADH. The reaction is very positive with ΔG° = +29.7 kJ mol &lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;.

   Malate + NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;--&gt; oxaloacetate + NADH + H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;

9. Then, the Krebs cycle restarts again as long as Oxygen is transported into the cell.

Note that the number of Carbon is going from the sum of 4 and 2 from the beginning to 6, 6, 5, 4, 4, 4, and back to oxaloacetate (C4) again.
Overall, there are 6 NADH, 2 FADH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, and 4 CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; being produced by two acetyl-CoA molecules from the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex.

==Lipoamide Between Different Active Sites==
Since all the complex pyruvate dehydrogenase structure is known, the atomic model was able to be formed so that its activity could be understood from it. The center of the complex is formed by the transacetylase component E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. Transacetylase contains eight catalytic trimers which are gathered to form a hollow cube. There are three major domains for each three subunits that form a trimer. The amino terminus has a small domain that contains a bound flexible lipoamide cofactor which is attached to a lysine residue. This domain is homologous to biotin-binding domains like pyruvate carboxylase. The lipoamide domain is followed by a small domain that interacts with E&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; within the complex and the larger transacetylase domain completes an E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; subunit. E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is considered to be α&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;β&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; tetramer, and E&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; is considered to be an αβ dimer. E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is surrounded by multiple copies of E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and E&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. These three distinct active sites work together through the long, flexible lipoamide arm of the E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; subunit that carries substrates from one active site to the other. The process of moving lipoamide between different active sites are: 
&lt;br /&gt;
1) In the active site of E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, pyruvate is decarboxylated and forms a hydroxyethyl-TPP intermediate while the CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; leaves as the first product. The active site is connected to the enzyme’s surface through a long hydrophobic channel within the E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; complex. 
&lt;br /&gt;
2) The lipoamide arm of the lipoamide is inserted by E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; into the deep channel in E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; which leads to the active site.
&lt;br /&gt;
3) The transfer of the acetyl group is catalyzed by E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; to the lipoamide. The acetylated arm leaves E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and enters the E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; cube in order to visit the active site of E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. This is located deep in the cube at the subunit interface.
&lt;br /&gt;
4) The acetyl moiety is then transferred to CoA. The second product which is the acetyl CoA, leaves the cube. The reduced lipoamide arm then swings to the active site of the E&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; flavoprotein. 
&lt;br /&gt;
5) The lipoamide is oxidized by the coenzyme FAD in the E&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; active site. The reactivated lipoamide is ready to start a new reaction cycle. 
&lt;br /&gt;
6) NADH, the final product, is produced through the reoxidation of FADH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; to FAD.
: This coordinated catalysis of a complex reaction is possible because of the structural integration of three different kinds of enzymes and the long, flexible lipoamide arm. The overall reaction rate is increased and the side reaction is minimized due to the proximity of one enzyme to another. Throughout the reaction sequence, all the intermediates in the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate remain bound to the complex. This is readily transferred to the flexible arm of E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; calls on each active site in turn.

==Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex==
Although glucose can be formed by pyruvate, the irreversible step of the formation of acetyl CoA from pyruvate causes the acetyl CoA to be unable to convert back into glucose. The oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl CoA commits the carbon atoms of glucose to one of two principal fates: oxidation to CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; by the citric acid cycle, with the concomitant generation of energy, or incorporation into lipid. The activity of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is stringently controlled. The reaction can be inhibited by the high concentration of reactions: by binding directly, the acetyl CoA inhibits the transacetylase component E&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; while the NADH inhibits the dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase E&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. High concentrations of NADH and acetyl CoA inform the enzyme that the energy needs of the cell have been met or in order to produce the acetyl CoA and NADH, the fatty acids are being degraded to produce because most pyruvate is derived from glucose by glycolysis. Covalent modification is very important in regulating the complex in eukaryotes. The phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase component (E&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) by pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase I (PDK) switches of the activity of the complex. The deactivation is reversed by the pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphate.

==Regulatory Enzyme in Citric Acid Cycle==
In animal cells, the rate of citric acid cycle is regulated to fitted the required needs for ATP. The two enzymes that allosteric control the cycle are isocitrate dehydrogenase and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, which both generate high-energy electrons in cycle.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase is stimulated by ADP that increase the affinity of enzyme for substrates. Since isocitrate, NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, Mg&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, and ADP are cooperative, the binding of these substrates are regulated. If energy is unnecessary, there will be more NADH and ATP that will compete for the binding of enzyme with NAD&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and ADP respectively. Because the reaction requires positive energy or electron acceptors, the reactions is slowed until high energy like ATP and NADH are needed.

α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase is another allosteric enzyme that regulated the rate of citric acid cycle for ATP. This enzyme is inhibited by succinyl CoA and NADH, which are the product that also compete for binding with reactants. α-ketoglutarate is also inhibited by high energy electron.

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>6e70m6qwnslhbeved76y79236yeomyb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>International Postage Meter Stamp Catalog/New Zealand</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>247291</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679175</id>
      <parentid>4637368</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:38:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jim Ashby</username>
        <id>3304668</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* GROUP B: Upright rectangle */</comment>
      <origin>4679175</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="42892" sha1="7y2l98cpec0d9rymfus7ymonw9loke3" xml:space="preserve">= New Zealand =
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;
* One of the earliest countries to use postage meters, the first meter was put on public trial in 1904. New Zealand is the only country to use meters on a commercial, non-experimental basis from 1905 to late 1920.
* Unlike most other meter-using countries, meter stamps in New Zealand are often printed without a town mark/date stamp and are considered no different from preprinted adhesive postage. As such metered mail is usually found with postal cancelations. If a town mark is present, it is often not canceled.

* Meter manufacturers in New Zealand:
:: The Automatic Stamping Machine Co. (ASM) (Ernest Moss), 1904
:: The Automatic Franking Machine Co. Ltd. (AFM) (successor to ASM)
:: New Zealand Franking Machine Co. Ltd. (NZFM) (Robert Wales), 1904
:: C.R. Hawkins Ltd. (successor to AFM, 1932)
:: A.H. Aldridge
:: Coin Machines Ltd. (Comac), 1964

* The stamps are grouped according to appearance of frank and function:
:: A – circular and oval franks
:: B – upright rectangle
:: C – horizontal or square rectangle
:: D – frank without complete outer frame
:: PO – special stamps generated only in Post Offices
:: PP – special stamp used only for Parcel Post
:: PV – stamps from public, self-service, coin-operated machines
:: OO – special stamps used for Official government mail

'''NOTE''': The early Group A stamps were self-service public vending machine stamps. They have been cataloged in Group A rather than Group PV because of the close developmental relationship they have with other Group A stamps.
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
----
== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP A: Circular and oval franks&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A1.jpg|left|126px]]

'''A1. ASM (Moss) model “1”, 1st state ''' (FV-1), 31 March 1904.
: One meter only, a public, coin-operated, self-service machine.
: Double circular stamp with rings 19.5 and 12 mm in diameter.
: Inscribed “N.Z. POSTAL STAMP / No 1” between the circles and “1D / PAID” in the center.
: Printed in black from a rubber die.
: Postal guidance required the stamps to be postmarked.
:::::::: '''A'''. Used outside the main Post Office at Christchurch, 31 March to 15 April 1904 {{space|3}}[$600]
:::::::: '''B'''. Used outside the main Post Office in Wellington from 4 to 23 May 1904 {{space|3}}[$900]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type A2.jpg|left|148px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''A2. ASM (Moss) model “1”, 2nd state ''' (FV-1), 23 June 1904. {{space|3}}[$900]
: Almost identical to Type A1 but slightly larger, 21 and 13 mm.
: Printed in black with a steel die.
: Public, coin-operated, self-service meter used outside the Wellington main Post Office, 23 June to 4 November 1904.
: This is from the same machine used for Type A1. Only the frank die was changed.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''A3. ASM (Moss) model “2” ''' (FV-2), 11 July to 10 August 1904. {{space|4}} [''One cover with 1d stamp known to exist. Value undetermined'']
: The stamp is identical in appearance to Type A1, but it is from a meter modified for use in a private business setting rather than as a public, self-service meter.
: It can be identified by the postmark date which is later than for Type A1 and by the logo in blue of the Christchurch Meat Company on the envelope.
: The machine operated by insertion of a Sovereign (£1 coin) which allowed a mix of up to 240 one penny or 480 ½d impressions before re-locking.
: It is possible the ½d value was inoperable when the machine was placed with Christchurch Meat.
: Meter No. 1 only.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d

'''NOTE''': Souvenir impressions from the machine were made long after its brief period of postal use. These souvenir impressions are all badly warped due to aging of the rubber die and are usually found on small squares of lined paper. {{space|3}}[$25]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A4.jpg|left|120px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''A4. NZFM (Wales) ''' (FV-1), 7 July to early October 1904. {{space|3}}[$800]
: Narrow, upright double oval with ”N Z” at top.
: “ONE PENNY” at bottom, “1&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt;” at the sides, and blank in the center.
: Public, coin-operated, self-service meter installed outside the Dunedin Post Office.
: Printed in black.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A5.jpg|left|165px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''A5. NZFM (Wales) ''' (FV-1), 10 October 1904 to 7 February, 1905. {{space|3}}[$800]
: Narrow upright oval as with Type A4 but “NEW ZEALAND” spelled out at top.
: “ONE PENNY” at bottom.
: “PAID” vertical in the center.
: This is from the same machine used for Type A4. Only the frank die was changed.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A6.jpg|760px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''A6. ASC (Moss) model “3” ''' (FV-7), 8 February 1906.
: Double circles 19 and 11mm in diameter, with “&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;★&lt;/span&gt; NEW ZEALAND &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;★&lt;/span&gt;/ POSTAGE PAID” between the circles.
: The center contains the postage value above the meter number.
: Printed with a metal (zinc) die.
: Sovereign (£1 coin)-in-the-slot operation as with Type A3.
: Three machines were made:
::: '''A'''. '''N&lt;u&gt;o&lt;/u&gt;1''', used by Christchurch Meat Co. Two covers (½d stamp and 1d stamp) and a single cutout (1d stamp) exist, printed in violet {{space|3}}[$2000]
::: '''B'''. '''N&lt;u&gt;o&lt;/u&gt;2''', used by Pyne &amp; Co, Christchurch. Two registered covers with 5d stamps (violet), and a cover and cut-out with 1d stamp (black) are known {{space|3}}[$2000]
::: '''C'''. '''N&lt;u&gt;o&lt;/u&gt;3''', demonstration machine. A small number of value sets (less the 3d) are known to exist, printed in red or black and produced at a later date. {{space|3}}[$500]
: Values: The model was capable of printing ½d, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d and 6d values.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7.jpg|left|280px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7a.jpg|right|210px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7b.jpg|right|135px]]

'''A7. ASC (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), Summer 1906.
: Very similar to Type A6 but the frank is slightly smaller with circles 17.5-18 and 10mm in diameter.
: These stamps are from the first credit machine, an improvement over the Sovereign coin-in-the-slot operation. A postal employee would travel between meter users to collect payments and recharge the meters.
: The stamps are found printed in black, purple, blue, red, and green. Black is relatively common with purple being rare. Blue, green and red are exceptionally rare.
: Meter No’s: 1 to 22 have “No.” prefix. Meters from 23 to 44 are without prefix. These were all issued to Christchurch firms.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$75]
: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$250]
: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$350]
: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$600]

:: '''a'''. Printed in purple {{space|4}} [''Add $50 to ½d and 1d stamps, $100 or more to the other denominations'']
:: '''b'''. Printed in blue, red, or green {{space|4}} [''Add $250. Known only with ½d and 1d stamps'']

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8.jpg|left|250px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8a.jpg|right|124px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8b.jpg|right|125px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8c.jpg|right|125px]]

'''A8. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1907.
: This is from the same model &quot;C&quot; meter that produced Type A7. Only the frank dies were changed.
: Single circle 18 mm in diameter.
: Town name, normally with “NZ”, added at top.
: “POSTAGE PAID” at bottom.
:::::::::::: Meter numbers start at 1 in each town.
:::::::::::: The stamps are found printed in black, blue, and purple. Black is relatively common with blue being rare and purple very rare.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$50]
: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$200]
: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$400]
: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$500]

:: '''a'''. Printed in blue {{space|4}} [''Add $50 to ½d and 1d stamps, $100 or more to the other denominations'']
:: '''b'''. Printed in purple {{space|4}} [''Add $250. Known only with ½d and 1d stamps'']
:: '''c'''. Town name only, without “NZ”. Napier 1, 2, 4-9, and Gisborne 1-5 recorded {{space|4}} [''Add $25'']

'''NOTE''': The Wellington stamp dies from 1 to 26 have the town name abbreviated &quot;WELL&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;GTN&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. From 27 forward the name is spelled out in full.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A9.jpg|720px]]

'''A9. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), late 1908.
: This is from the same model &quot;C&quot; meter that produced Types A7 and A8. Only the frank dies were changed.
: Large circle, 21-22 mm in diameter, with different interior design for each value:
::: '''A'''. ½d: {{space|4}} plain single circle {{space|3}}[$50]
::: '''B'''. 1d: {{space|4}} diamond {{space|3}}[$50]
::: '''C'''. 3d: {{space|4}} square with four semicircles {{space|3}}[$250]
::: '''D'''. 6d: {{space|4}} lines at top and bottom and small circles at the sides {{space|3}}[$500]
::: '''E'''. 1/-: {{space|4}} shield {{space|3}}[$1000]
: Town name alone at top, without country name or &quot;NZ&quot;.
: Meter numbers for each town are the same as used with Type A8.
: Normally printed in black.

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP B: Upright rectangle&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1A.jpg|left|137px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1B.jpg|left|132px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1aa.jpg|right|137px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1 note.jpg|right|430px]]

'''B1. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1910.
: Frank is upright rectangle with rounded corners.
: The town name is in a diagonal panel.
: Meter numbers start at 1 in each town.
:::::::: '''A'''. Straight line rectangle (with rounded corners) with, “POSTAGE PAID NZ&quot; in upper left.
::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$40]
::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$100]
::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$300]
::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$500]

:::::::: '''B'''. Frank frame is wavy line, &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; without &quot;NZ&quot; in upper left. Began use in 1915 with a postal rate change. {{space|3}}[$60]
::::::::: One value only: {{space|4}} 1½d

:::::::: '''a'''. Printed in deep blue or purple (Dunedin 34, Hastings 2, Napier 1 and 12 seen, ½d and 1d known). {{space|4}} [Add $100]

'''NOTE''': As the stamp dies were replaced in the Model &quot;C&quot; machines (from Type A7 through A9 to B1) a small number of machines had only some of the value dies replaced with the newer designs. Covers with multiple stamp types (B1 with A8 or A9) occasionally turn up. They are quite rare. Shown at right is a portion of a mailing tag franked with 1 shilling Type A8 and 1½d Type B1B, both from meter Auckland 50.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B2.jpg|522px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''B2. AFM (Moss), models “D” '''and ''' “E” ''' (1924), (FV-5), 11 May 1916.
[[File:New Zealand Type B2cc.jpg|right|210px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO6.jpg|right|130px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B2c.jpg|right|130px]]
: Straight frame line with squared corners.
: Meter number in circle in center, town name at bottom.
: Meter numbers continue up from those used with Type B1.
: The stamps were at first printed in black, then maroon (dark purple), then dull red and finally pink. Dull red and pink are the most common with black and maroon less so.
: The stamps from the &quot;D&quot; and &quot;E&quot; models are identical.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 1½d, 2d, 6d, ONE SHILLING
: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$15]

:: '''a'''. Printed in black {{space|4}} [''Uncommon'']
:: '''b'''. Printed in maroon (dull purple) {{space|4}} [''Uncommon'']
:: '''c'''. Printed in non-standard dark aniline purple {{space|4}} [''Very rare'']
:: '''d'''. Relief stamp (temporary replacement or ‘loaner’ machine). Meter number with “R” prefix. Meters R1-R5 {{space|3}}[$350]
:: '''e'''. Relief stamp (temporary replacement or ‘loaner’ machine). &quot;SOS&quot; in center circle {{space|3}}[$500]


&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B3.jpg|left|130px]]
'''B3. AFM (Moss) model “D”''' (FV-5), November 1922.
: Similar to Type B2 but special design from a machine used at the Christchurch Industrial Exhibition.
: &quot;N.Z. / INDUSTRIAL&quot; above, and &quot;EXHIBITION&quot; below the central circle which contains &quot;CH CH”.
: In operation only for seven weeks.
: Value: {{space|4}}  “ONE PENNY” {{space|3}}[$500]
: Values: [[File: MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|6px]] “HALF PENNY&quot; {{space|4}}  &quot;ONE SHILLING&quot; {{space|4}} [Extremely rare, value uncertain, $2000?]
::::::::: These two values are known on small sheets with large &quot;CANCELLED&quot; hand stamp. They were handed to the public as souvenirs of the show. The one shilling value is also known on an unmailed cover.
'''NOTE''': The 1½d and 6d values may exist but have not been reported.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B4.jpg|left|130px]]

'''B4. AFM (Moss) model “E”''' plus converted '''&quot;model D&quot;'''s (FV-5), 1928.
: Double-line outer rim with rounded corners.
: “NEW ZEALAND/POSTAGE” at top without town name.
: Meter numbers 1501 up without prefix.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 1½d, 2d
:::::: Values: {{space|4}} 3d, 6d, 1/- 
:::::: Value: {{space|4}}  2½d, 4d {{space|3}}[$10]
'''NOTE''': At least one Model E machine (E142) was converted to decimal currency at some point. The postage values are 1, 2½, 3 and 5 cents. The one shilling value remained in the dial but was disabled and could not be selected. From the condition of the machine it appears that it had been in use, but no franked covers or examples of the decimal stamps have ever been reported. The machine is in the hands of a collector who says that all the dies had been removed when he received it and so is not possible to produce proofs after the fact.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B5.jpg|left|130px]]
'''B5. Hawkins, model “F” (the &quot;Duo&quot;) ''' (FV-2), January 1931. {{space|3}}[$50]
: As Type B4 but meter number with “F” prefix.
: Meters F1 through F42 were reportedly fielded.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B6A.jpg|left|375px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B6c.jpg|right|360px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B6B.jpg|left|360px]]
[[File:New Zealand Type B6d.jpg|340px|right]]

'''B6. Neopost''' (L/V-3/6), 1931.
: Herringbone pattern at sides with rays in lower corners.
: Value figure (variable in size) in center with &quot;POSTAGE&quot; above and &quot;PAID&quot; below.
:M# with “N” prefix.
: TM: DC, BIC or nil
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. £sd values: {{space|4}} 1d, 2d, 2½d, 3d, 4d, 6d
::::::::::::::::::: £sd value: {{space|5}} 1/- {{space|3}}[$10]
::::::::::::::::::: £sd values: {{space|4}} 9d, 1/6, 1/9 . {{space|3}}[$20]

:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Decimal values: {{space|4}} 2½c through 25c seen {{space|3}}[$10]

:::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Solid block in place of meter number
:::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. M# with “No N” prefix
:::::::::::::::::: '''c'''. Printed in green
:::::::::::::::::: '''d'''. TM solid (unengraved)

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B7.jpg|left|370px]]

'''B7. Neopost ''' (LV). {{space|3}}[$300]
: Unique design similar to Type B7 with herringbone pattern at sides, but “POSTAGE” in arc over “PAID” above small value figure at bottom center.
: Meter number in lower corners, and postage value at bottom center.
: Meter N71 only, used by Hikurangi Dairy Co.
: This stamp is most likely the result of a locally fabricated repair.
: Values seen: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B8 pence.jpg|left|615px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B8 cents.jpg|left|330px]]

'''B8. Hawkins “Rotex” ''' (FV-5), December 1931.
: Frank with single line, simulated perforation border.
: M# with “G” prefix, G1 up.
: TM: squared circle with horizontal line background, or nil
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Values: £sd: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 6d, 1/-
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Values: Decimal: {{space|4}} ½c, 1c, 2c, 4c, 12c seen

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Without letter prefix: 1332 {{space|3}}[$20]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. Slogan applied to back of envelope {{space|3}}[$100]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''c'''. Printed in black
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B9.jpg|left|285px]]
'''B9. Hawkins “Sentinel” ''' (FV-3), 1937.
: Nearly identical to Type B8 but M# with “H” prefix.
: Known in two sizes.
: TM: nil
: Values: £sd: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 2½d, 3d, 4d, 6d
: Values: : Decimal: {{space|4}} 1c, 2c, 2½c, 3c, 4c, 5c, 7c, 8c, 10c, 12c, 14c, 17c, 20c seen

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B10.jpg|left|555px]]

'''B10. Universal “Multi-Value” ''' (MV), 1936. 
: Large frank with simulated-perforation outer frame line and straight inner frame line.
: The M# is in panel at bottom.
: “NEW ZEALAND” curved at top above “POSTAGE”.
: With “£ | s | d” below value figures.
: M# with “U” prefix, variable in size.
: TM: DC, nil
::::::::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}}  –/–0/– {{space|4}}  0/–0/–

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B11.jpg|left|370px]]

'''B11. Universal “Multi-Value” ''' (MV), 1953.
: As Type B10 but smaller, with double straight inner frame lines, and without “£ | s | d”.
: M# with “U” prefix.
: TM: DC, nil
: V/F: £sd: {{space|4}} 00/0= {{space|4}} 0/0= (U23 only)
: V/F: Decimal: {{space|4}} =.00 {{space|4}} 0oo 0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} 00.oo {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00=

::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B12.jpg|left|580px]]

'''B12. Universal “Simplex” ''' (LV-25), 1952.
: Similar to B11 but much smaller, 23 x 27 mm, and with two parallel vertical lines at each side of the figure of value figures.
: M# with “S” prefix.
: TM; DC or nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} ½d to 1/0½d in ½d increments, or 1d to 2/1 in 1d increments
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} 1¢ to 25¢ in 1¢ increments

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Decimal value without “¢” (S.1294)
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. Error, with both &quot;d&quot; and &quot;c&quot; currency indicators {{space|3}}[$10]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''c'''. Error, frame inverted, value upright. M# S.1111 {{space|3}}[$20]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''d'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B13.jpg|left|170px]]
'''B13. Universal/Pitney Bowes “Automax” ''' (MV).
: Very similar to Type B12 but larger.
: M# with “U” prefix.
: TM: DC or nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} =0/0=
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} =.00= {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00=

:::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B14.jpg|left|370px]]

'''B14. Hasler “F88” ''' (MV), 1953. 
: With straight outer frame line, simulated inner frame line and third (straight) frame line.
: Ornaments below curved “NEW ZEALAND” at top.
: One machine only used until 1977.
: M# “K1” breaks bottom frame line.
: TM: BIC, nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} ✳00/0✳
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} ✳00'''.'''0✳

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B15.jpg|left|366px]]

'''B15. Francotyp “Cc” ''' (MV), 1955.
: “NEW ZEALAND” in panel at top, “POSTAGE” and M# in panel at bottom.
: M# with “X” prefix and with two short horizontal lines at the sides.
: TM: BIC, nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} 0/0½ {{space|4}} 00/0½
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} '''.'''00½ {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00½ {{space|4}} •0'''.'''00

:::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B16.jpg|left|397px]]

'''B16. Roneo Neopost &quot;Frankmaster&quot; / &quot;305&quot; ''' (MV).
: Value in oval frame with petals at sides.
: Crown at bottom below small “PAID”.
: M# with “RN” prefix.
: TM: DC, nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} 0/0½ {{space|4}} =0/0=
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} 0'''·'''00=
[[File:1982_Ross_Dependency_Meter_Marking.jpg|thumb|391x391px|Example of the 1982 Ross Dependency Meter Marking]]
RN 108 used at Ross Dependency (Antarctica) to mark the 25th Anniversary of Scott Base on 20 January 1982. &lt;br&gt;The machine used at Scott Base had a pictorial design added to the die to the left of the date-stamp.  

Frankings were impressed both directly onto covers and onto adhesive labels for fixing to covers.  

Examples are scarce with only about 30 covers recorded. (Reference: The Postmarks of Ross Dependency, Mark Jurisich FRPSNZ, 3rd Edition Update April 2018, ISBN No: 978-0-9876534-1-3). 

&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B17.jpg|left|130px]]

'''B17. Aldridge “Stamp Master” ''' (FV-7), 1954.
: Small frank with straight, single line frame.
: Tiny “New Zealand/Postage” at top.
: M# nos. M1 to about M200, and M500 to about M600.
: TM: nil
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 3d, 6d, 1/-
:::::: Values: {{space|4}} 4d, 2/-, 3/- {{space|3}}[$10]

'''NOTE''': Although this machine did not have a town/date die, it could print slogans.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B18B.jpg|left|132px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B18A.jpg|left|132px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''B18. Aldridge “Stamp Master” ''' (FV-7), 1955.
: As Type B17 but with simulated perforation frame line.
: Meter numbers start at 22.
:::::::: '''A'''. M# with “M.” prefix
:::::::: '''B'''. M# with “No. M” prefix
: TM: nil
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 6d, 1/-, 2/-, 3/-

'''NOTE''': Ten shilling stamps (meter M118) exist on a proof cover. The value has not been reported as actually issued or used. {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:500px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B19.jpg|left|500px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B19. Hawkins “Ace” ''' (LV-12).
: Frank with 'checkerboard’ frame, 22 x 30 mm.
: M# with “A” prefix, A1 up.
:: '''A'''. £sd values:{{space|4}} 1&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 2&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 2½&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 3&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 4&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 6&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 9&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 1/-, 1/{{Resize|75%|3}}, 1/{{Resize|75%|6}}, 1/{{Resize|75%|9}}, 2/-
:: '''B'''. Decimal values with “CENTS” stacked at the sides:{{space|4}} 1, 2, 2½, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24
:: '''C'''. Without “D” or “CENTS”:{{space|4}} 2½ seen
|}
&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B20.jpg|780px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B20aa.jpg|right|200px]]

'''B20. Hawkins “Regent” ''' (LV-10), 1962.
: Large frank, 28-29 x 31-32 mm, with simulated-perforation outer frame line and straight inner frame line.
: With line bisecting frank above “POSTAGE”.
: M# with “Z” prefix.
:: '''A'''. £sd values with “D”:{{space|4}} 1d through 6d in ½ steps
:: '''B'''. £sd values with “PENCE” below:{{space|4}} 2½d, 3d, 4d, 5d seen
:: '''C'''. Decimal values with “CENTS” above:{{space|4}} 3c, 4c, 5c, 6c seen
:: '''D'''. Without currency indicator:{{space|4}} 3 seen (Z631)
: TM: nil

:: '''a'''. Without line under “NEW ZEALAND”: M# Z315
:: '''b'''. Printed in blue
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B21A.jpg|left|315px]]

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B21B.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''B21. Francotyp-Postalia &quot;MS4/MS5&quot; ''' (MV).
: Frank similar to Type B11.
: The panel at bottom containing the meter number is not as tall as with B11.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. MS4 model. Meter number with “PA&quot; prefix. {{space|4}} V/F: 000
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. MS5 model. Meter number with &quot;PS&quot; prefix. {{space|4}} V/F: 0000
: TM: DC or nil
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP C: Horizontal or square rectangle&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C1.jpg|left|210px]]

::::::::::::: '''C1. Hawkins “Mailmaster” ''' (LV-25+½)&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;
::::::::::::: Large frank, 27 x 32&amp;nbsp;mm, with simulated-perforation outer frame line and straight inner frame line.
::::::::::::: With “C” at each side of value figure.
::::::::::::: M# with “Y” prefix.
::::::::::::: TM: nil
::::::::::::: Values: {{space|3}} 2c through 40c seen

::::::::::::: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The '''Mailmaster''' is chiefly a limited value (LV) machine but has a 2-bank&lt;sup&gt;(''see the glossary'')&lt;/sup&gt; multi-value (MV) feature. The left bank prints one of 24 whole numbers (1 to 24, or 5 to 120 in 5c steps). The right bank prints a half-cent value (½) when the operator pushes a button on the front of the machine.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type C2A.jpg|left|130px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C2B.jpg|right|400px]]

'''C2. Mailroom Services Ltd. “Postmaster”''' (FV-5).
: Small nearly square frank of slightly variable size, 17-20 x 18-20 mm.
: Often with slogan in different color.
: M# with “P” prefix.
:::::::: '''A'''. Without “c” after value. {{space|2}} Values: {{space|1}} 6, 5, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 28, 30, 35 seen
:::::::: '''B'''. With “c” after value. {{space|2}} Values: {{space|1}} 7c, 8c, 10c, 12c, 20c, 30c seen
:::::: TM: nil


&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C3A.jpg|left|210px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C3B.jpg|left|210px]]

::::::::::::: '''C3. Hawkins “New Rotex”'''&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; (LV-25+½)&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;
::::::::::::: Checkerboard frame, 32-33 x 27&amp;nbsp;mm.
::::::::::::: Large “N” and “Z” at the sides.
::::::::::::: M# with “B” prefix.
:::::::::::::: '''A'''. £sd values with “PENCE” below “POSTAGE” {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
:::::::::::::: '''B'''. Decimal values with “CENTS” below “POSTAGE”
::::::::::::: TM: nil
::::::::::::: Values: {{space|3}} ½ through 24½ 

::::::::::::: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The '''New Rotex''' is basically the same machine as the '''Mailmaster''' (C1), but modified to include decimal values.

::::::::::::: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The '''New Rotex''' is chiefly a limited value (LV) machine but has a 2-bank&lt;sup&gt;(''see the glossary'')&lt;/sup&gt; multi-value (MV) feature. The left bank prints one of 24 whole numbers (1 to 24, or 5 to 120 in 5c steps). The right bank prints a half-cent value (½) when the operator pushes a button on the front of the machine.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C4.jpg|left|336px]]

'''C4. Satas &quot;Baby&quot;''' (MV).
: Small frank slightly wider than tall.
: With simulated perforation outer border and straight-line inner border.
: Inner panel at bottom contains the meter number with &quot;SA&quot; prefix.
: TM not seen
: V/F: {{space|3}} 0'''.''' 00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C5.jpg|left|322px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C5 note.jpg|right|485px]]

'''C5. Neopost “205/2205” ''' (MV).
: Square frank with herringbone sides and rays in lower corners.
: M# with “J” prefix.
: TM: BIC or nil

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} ★/0 – {{space|4}}  •0′0 –

: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} •00 – {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} 00 –
'''NOTE''': Examples with slogan and town mark in different colors are known.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:New Zealand stamp type C6.jpg|left|362px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''C6. Neopost “505” ''' (MV).
:::::::::::::::::: As Type C5 but wider than tall.
:::::::::::::::::: M# with “R” prefix.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: BIC or nil
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|3}} 0•00 {{space|4}} ★•00
::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. TM solid (unengraved)


&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C6point1.jpg|left|340px]]

'''C6.1. Neopost “Electronic” ''' (MV).
: Similar to Type C6 but frank not as wide.
: M# with “EN” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;≋&lt;/span&gt;000

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C7A.jpg|left|355px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C7B.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
'''C7. Hasler “Mailmaster” ''' (MV).
: Wide frank with “NEW ZEALAND” in panel at top, M# and “POSTAGE” in panel at bottom.
: Country map left of value figures.
: M# with “D” prefix.
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. With vertical line between the meter number and “POSTAGE”
:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. No line between meter number and “POSTAGE”
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} 00'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type C8.jpg|left|370px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''C8. Hasler &quot;Smile&quot;''' (MV).
: Nearly identical to Type C7A but the spacing between the date and value figures is slightly wider (~28mm compared to ~25mm)
: and the value figures are somewhat thinner.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} 00'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type C9.jpg|left|364px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''C9. Frama &quot;M/E3&quot;''' (MV).
: Nearly identical to Type C7A but the value figures are thicker and larger.
: Meter number with “F” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} 0'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C10.jpg|left|340px]]

'''C10. Satas (''Neopost &quot;Electronic&quot;'')''' (MV).
: The stamp is identical to Australia Type H3 but with NEW ZEALAND at top.
: A small sheep in profile is in the upper right corner.
: Meter number SATAS / SA1002 seen.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;≋&lt;/span&gt;0'''.'''00
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP D: Frank without complete outer frame&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type D1A.jpg|left|350px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type D1B.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''D1. Pitney Bowes-GB “5000” series''' (MV).
: Simulated-perforation frame lines at top and bottom, open at sides.
: Frank design with concave curve at left to fit around town mark.
: M# with “P.B.” prefix below four stars at center between date and value figures.
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Top line of frank 40 mm wide. {{space|4}} V/F: {{space|2}}≋0'''.'''00
:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Wide frank, top line 48 mm wide. {{space|4}} V/F: {{space|2}}≋00'''.'''00
: TM: DC or nil

:::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. With advertising slogan instead of town name inside DC town mark

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type D2.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''D2. Pitney Bowes-GB “6300” series''' (MV).
: Similar to Type D1 but frank squared off at left, and date and value figures on same level.
: M# with “P.B.” prefix.
: TM: DC or nil
: V/F: {{space|4}}  ≋0'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type D3.jpg|left|358px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''D3. Pitney Bowes-GB “6900” ''' (MV).
: As Type D1 but much taller.
: “POSTAGE” below value figures.
: M# with “PBZ” prefix.
: TM: SC, DC
: V/F: {{space|4}}  ≋0'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type D4.jpg|left|358px]]

'''D4. Pitney Bowes-GB “EasyMail” ''' (digital).
: Wide and short design without town mark.
: &quot;NEW ZEALAND POST&quot; across top with logo at left.
: M# with “PBC” prefix.
: Three numbers stacked at left, M#, date and post code (or &quot;0000&quot;) stacked at right.
: V/F: {{space|4}}  000'''.'''00
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP E: Frank with 2D digital barcode&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type P1.jpeg|left|315px]]

'''E1. Pitney Bowes &quot;DM300&quot; ''' (digital).
: Large, square 2D barcode at right.
: &quot;''New Zealand Post&quot;'' and envelope logo at top left above value figures.
: Meter number with &quot;P23&quot; prefix at bottom.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 000'''.'''00&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type PO3.jpg|left|310px]]

'''E2. Pitney Bowes &quot;K700&quot; ''' (digital).
: Very similar to Type E1.
: Value figures are more narrowly spaced than with E1.
: The meter number figures are larger than with E1.
: Meter number with &quot;P19&quot; prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 000'''.'''00&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type E3.jpg|left|380px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type E3 P17.jpg|left|325px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''E3. Pitney Bowes &quot;DM100&quot; ''' plus other DM models (digital).
: As Types E1 and E2.
: Value figures narrowly spaced as with E2.
: Small meter number digits as with E1.
::::::::::::::::: Meter number with &quot;P11&quot;, &quot;P12&quot;, or &quot;P17&quot; prefix.
::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 000'''.'''00&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP PO: Stamps generated only by meters in Post Offices&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type PO1.jpg|left|580px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''PO1. NCR'''. {{space|3}}[$10]
: Frameless design with post office name at top, “POSTAGE PAID” at center, date and value figures at bottom.
: Printed on adhesive labels with straight sides and serrations at top and bottom.
: This stamp was used on both regular mail and parcel post.
: Printed in red or violet on white tape.
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} 0·0·0 {{space|4}} * 0·0·0
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} 0·00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type PO2.jpg|left|450px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''PO2'''. Unidentified (digital), 2008 or earlier.
: Large self adhesive label with horizontal panels.
: Top panel contains &quot;New Zealand Post&quot; and postal service logo.
: Next panel contains the destination in negative lettering on a solid field.
: The third panel contains the mail class.
: The large bottom panel contains three lines of point-of-sale data:
:::::::::::::::::::::: * weight and value figures
:::::::::::::::::::::: * post office identification
:::::::::::::::::::::: * date, time, and identification number
: Printed in black that can fade to brown as the example shown.
: V/F: {{space|4}} Price: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 (with slashed zeros)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP PP: Special stamps used for Parcel Post&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type PP1.jpg|left|340px]]

'''PP1. Ticket Issue Machines''' (LV-12), 1950. {{space|3}}[''Exceptionally rare'']
: Box at left with “PARCEL POST” reading up.
: Value figure in box at right.
: Town name/ date in center.
: Printed on white tape imperforate at top and bottom, perforated at the sides.
: One machine in use from late May to mid August 1950.
: Values: {{space|4}} 8d, 1/-, 1/2, 1/3, 1/9, 2/-, 2/6, 2/9, 3/1, 3/3, 3/6, 4/-

'''NOTE''': A pre-production Specimen exists. It is printed on pink paper tape instead of white but otherwise look the same {{space|3}}[''One example known, dated 14 October 1949'']
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type PP2.jpg|left|320px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''PP2. National Cash Register &quot;126&quot; ''' (11 December 1959).
: Frameless design printed on square self-adhesive labels.
: The stamp consists of three lines of text: town line above &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; at top, date and value figures at bottom.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; alone  
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; with long dashes at the sides  {{space|3}}[$20, ''one machine only'']
: Eight machines were eventually placed into use.
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;*&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;0&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 0&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 0(½)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type PP3B.jpg|left|330px]]
'''PP3. Setright''' (MV), 16 August 1960.
: Similar in appearance to Type PP1 the Setright stamp has NEW ZEALAND at top below the town name.
: The vertical panel at left contains &quot;PARCEL POST / PAID&quot; rather than just PARCEL POST.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Town line &quot;WELLINGTON&quot; {{space|4}} [''extremely rare, in use two weeks only, value undeterined'')]
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Town line &quot;KILBIRNIE&quot; {{space|3}}[$25]
: V/F : {{space|4}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;/0 {{space|5}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;/'''='''
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP PV: Stamps generated only by public access, self-service, coin-operated machines&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:blue;&quot;&gt;'''NOTE''': See also Types A1, A2, A4, and A5.&lt;/span&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type PV1.jpg|left|180px]]

'''PV1. Comac''' (FV-1), 1964. {{space|3}}[$75]
: Stamp from experimental public access self-service meter.
: Large stamp with simulated perforation outer border and straight line inner border.
: “NEW ZEALAND/ POST OFFICE” at top.
: “C.P.O. CH.” (Central Post Office Christchurch) in bottom panel.
: One machine only.
: One value only: {{space|4}} 3d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type PV2.jpg|left|150px]]

'''PV2. Comac''' (FV-1), 1972. {{space|3}}[$20 on cover, $200 for a set of twelve]
: Self-service meter stamp.
: Similar to Type PV1 but much smaller.
: Bottom panel contains “C.P.O.” plus two letter abbreviation for the town where the machine was located.
: Twelve machines were in use for a short time.

::::::::: '''A'''. “AK” (Auckland)
::::::::: '''B'''. “CH” (Christchurch)
::::::::: '''C'''. “DN” (Dunedin)
::::::::: '''D'''. “HN” (Hamilton)
::::::::: '''E'''. “IN” (Invercargill)
::::::::: '''F'''. “NA” (Napier)
::::::::: '''G'''. “NN” (Nelson)
::::::::: '''H'''. “NU” (New Plymouth)
::::::::: '''I'''. “PM” (Palmerston North)
::::::::: '''J'''. “TU” (Timaru)
::::::::: '''K'''. “WG” (Wanganui)
::::::::: '''L'''. “WN” (Wellington)

:::::::: One value only: {{space|4}} 5c
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP OO: Special stamps used for official government mail&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:blue;&quot;&gt;These stamps were used until the 1930s (or possibly later). More recent Official meter stamps are indistinguishable from regular business meter stamps and can be identified only by the return address.&lt;/span&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO1.jpg|left|240px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO1aa.jpg|right|125px]]

'''OO1. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1907.
: As Type A8 but with department name at top, and without meter number.
: Normally printed in black.
:::::::::::: '''A'''. “TAXES” at top, “A” below value figure. {{space|4}} Value: 1d {{space|3}}[$500]

:::::::::::: '''B'''. “TOURIST” at top, “A” below value figure.
::::::::::::: Value: {{space|4}} 1d {{space|3}}[$600]
::::::::::::: Value: {{space|4}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$1000]

:::::::::::: '''C'''. “ADVANCES” at top, &quot;B&quot; below value figure. {{space|3}}[$750]

:::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in red or green {{space|4}} [Add $400]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO2A.jpg|left|137px]]

'''OO2. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1910.
: As Type B1A but with departmental name in diagonal panel.
: “POSTAGE / PAID” at top left.
:::::::: '''A'''. “MARINE” with “A” above value figure. {{space|4}} Values: ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$250]

:::::::: '''B'''. “P.T. CHCH.”
:::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 6d {{space|3}}[$250]
:::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$500]

:::::::: '''C'''. “P.T. AUCK.” {{space|3}}[$500]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO3.jpg|left|267px]]

'''OO3. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1910.
: As Type OO2 but with “OFFICIAL/ PAID/ N.Z.” at top left.
: “•P. &amp; S. DEPT.” in diagonal panel.
:::::::::::::: '''A'''. Printed in black {{space|3}}[$250]
:::::::::::::: '''B'''. Printed in red {{space|3}}[$500]
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} 6d, 1/- {{space|3}}[Add $150]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO4.jpg|left|385px]]

'''OO4. 1915, AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1915.
: As Type B2 but with departmental name in place of town name.
: Printed in black.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. “MARINE. A”, meter number nil {{space|3}}[$150]
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. “P&amp;S DEPT”, meter number nil {{space|3}}[$250]
::::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. “P.T. CHCH•”, meter number nil {{space|3}}[$250]
::::::::::::::::::: '''D'''. “P.T.W.” Meter number 33 {{space|3}}[$150]
::::::::::::::::::: '''E'''. “TAXES” and “A” {{space|4}} [''Reported but not verified'']
::::::::::::::::: Value: {{space|4}} 1½d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO5.jpg|left|270px]]

'''OO5. AFM (Moss) models “D” ''' and''' “E” ''' (FV-5), 1918.
: As Type B3 but with department name at bottom and town name abbreviation or “A” in center circle.
: Known printed in black, maroon, dull red and pink.
: Listed below are verified department names. Others possibly exist.
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 1½d {{space|3}}[$10]
:::::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$20]
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} 3d, 1/- {{space|3}}[$50]

:'''NOTE''': The 2d value may exist.
&lt;br&gt;
:::{|
| ADVCES TO SETTLERS (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| AGRICULTURE (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| BASE REC (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| BOARD OF TRADE (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, WN)
|-
| C. &amp; S. (WN)
| C &amp; S (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| COAL CONTROL DEPT (?)
| COAL DEPOT OFF. (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| COLLR OF CUSTOMS (AUK)
| COMMN CROWN LANDS (AUK, CHCH, DUNEDIN)
|-
| COMM OF PENSIONS (WELL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| CUSTOM-HOUSE (WN)
|-
| CUSTOMS (WN, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, nil)
| DEFENCE DEPT (AUK, DUNEDN, DDN)
|-
| DEFENCE HEADQTRS (PALMN/NORTH) {{space|5}}
| DEF. DEP. MILTY SUP. BR (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;) 
|-
| DEPT INTERN AFFRS (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| DIS. HEALTH OFF. AK (AUK)
|-
| DIS. HEALTH OFF. WN (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| DEPT OF MINES (WN, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| DEPT PUB. TRUST (WHG)
| DEPT PUB. TRUSTEE (AUK)
|-
| DEPT P. WORKS (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| D. O. AGRIC (CH)
|-
| EDUCATION BOARD (WN)
| EDUCATION DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| FORESTRY DEPT (WN)
| GHQ DEFENCE (WN)
|-
| GOV. IMG. DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| GOVT INSCE (A, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| H. OFF. DEFENCE DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| HEALTH (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| HEALTH CHCH (CHCH)
| IMPSUPPLY (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, nil)
|-
| LABOUR DEPT, WELL (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| MARINE &amp; INSPN/MACHINERY DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| NAT PRO F.S. DEPT (AK)
| NATIVE DEPT (WG)
|-
| ORD. DEPT (TRN)
| PENSIONS DEPT (AK, WN)
|-
| PNTG &amp; STATY DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| PRNTG &amp; STATY DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| PUB. HEALTH (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| P. TRUST DEPT, DDN (DDN, SLD)
|-
| P. TRUST DEPT., WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt; (A)
| PUB. TRUST. LOC. DEPT (CHCH)
|-
| PUBLIC TRUSTEE (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, WN)
| PUBLIC WORKS (WN, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| RAILWAYS (WN, 1)
| STAMPS (WN)
|-
| STATE ADVANCES (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| STATE COAL MINES (GRAYMH)
|-
| TAXES DEPT WELL (A, WN)
| TOURIST DEPT WELL (A)
|-
| TREASY DEPT (CHCH, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, nil)
| UNDR SECY LANDS DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|}
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:green;&quot;&gt;Return to main catalog →&lt;/span&gt; &lt;u&gt;[[../]]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:green;&quot;&gt;Return to top →&lt;/span&gt; &lt;u&gt;[[International Postage Meter Stamp Catalog/New Zealand|New_Zealand]]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>7y2l98cpec0d9rymfus7ymonw9loke3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679179</id>
      <parentid>4679175</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:40:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jim Ashby</username>
        <id>3304668</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* GROUP B: Upright rectangle */</comment>
      <origin>4679179</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="43015" sha1="n9tgb7zam3bs6v9debe1kzfzc79xx7n" xml:space="preserve">= New Zealand =
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;
* One of the earliest countries to use postage meters, the first meter was put on public trial in 1904. New Zealand is the only country to use meters on a commercial, non-experimental basis from 1905 to late 1920.
* Unlike most other meter-using countries, meter stamps in New Zealand are often printed without a town mark/date stamp and are considered no different from preprinted adhesive postage. As such metered mail is usually found with postal cancelations. If a town mark is present, it is often not canceled.

* Meter manufacturers in New Zealand:
:: The Automatic Stamping Machine Co. (ASM) (Ernest Moss), 1904
:: The Automatic Franking Machine Co. Ltd. (AFM) (successor to ASM)
:: New Zealand Franking Machine Co. Ltd. (NZFM) (Robert Wales), 1904
:: C.R. Hawkins Ltd. (successor to AFM, 1932)
:: A.H. Aldridge
:: Coin Machines Ltd. (Comac), 1964

* The stamps are grouped according to appearance of frank and function:
:: A – circular and oval franks
:: B – upright rectangle
:: C – horizontal or square rectangle
:: D – frank without complete outer frame
:: PO – special stamps generated only in Post Offices
:: PP – special stamp used only for Parcel Post
:: PV – stamps from public, self-service, coin-operated machines
:: OO – special stamps used for Official government mail

'''NOTE''': The early Group A stamps were self-service public vending machine stamps. They have been cataloged in Group A rather than Group PV because of the close developmental relationship they have with other Group A stamps.
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
----
== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP A: Circular and oval franks&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A1.jpg|left|126px]]

'''A1. ASM (Moss) model “1”, 1st state ''' (FV-1), 31 March 1904.
: One meter only, a public, coin-operated, self-service machine.
: Double circular stamp with rings 19.5 and 12 mm in diameter.
: Inscribed “N.Z. POSTAL STAMP / No 1” between the circles and “1D / PAID” in the center.
: Printed in black from a rubber die.
: Postal guidance required the stamps to be postmarked.
:::::::: '''A'''. Used outside the main Post Office at Christchurch, 31 March to 15 April 1904 {{space|3}}[$600]
:::::::: '''B'''. Used outside the main Post Office in Wellington from 4 to 23 May 1904 {{space|3}}[$900]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type A2.jpg|left|148px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''A2. ASM (Moss) model “1”, 2nd state ''' (FV-1), 23 June 1904. {{space|3}}[$900]
: Almost identical to Type A1 but slightly larger, 21 and 13 mm.
: Printed in black with a steel die.
: Public, coin-operated, self-service meter used outside the Wellington main Post Office, 23 June to 4 November 1904.
: This is from the same machine used for Type A1. Only the frank die was changed.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''A3. ASM (Moss) model “2” ''' (FV-2), 11 July to 10 August 1904. {{space|4}} [''One cover with 1d stamp known to exist. Value undetermined'']
: The stamp is identical in appearance to Type A1, but it is from a meter modified for use in a private business setting rather than as a public, self-service meter.
: It can be identified by the postmark date which is later than for Type A1 and by the logo in blue of the Christchurch Meat Company on the envelope.
: The machine operated by insertion of a Sovereign (£1 coin) which allowed a mix of up to 240 one penny or 480 ½d impressions before re-locking.
: It is possible the ½d value was inoperable when the machine was placed with Christchurch Meat.
: Meter No. 1 only.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d

'''NOTE''': Souvenir impressions from the machine were made long after its brief period of postal use. These souvenir impressions are all badly warped due to aging of the rubber die and are usually found on small squares of lined paper. {{space|3}}[$25]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A4.jpg|left|120px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''A4. NZFM (Wales) ''' (FV-1), 7 July to early October 1904. {{space|3}}[$800]
: Narrow, upright double oval with ”N Z” at top.
: “ONE PENNY” at bottom, “1&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt;” at the sides, and blank in the center.
: Public, coin-operated, self-service meter installed outside the Dunedin Post Office.
: Printed in black.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A5.jpg|left|165px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''A5. NZFM (Wales) ''' (FV-1), 10 October 1904 to 7 February, 1905. {{space|3}}[$800]
: Narrow upright oval as with Type A4 but “NEW ZEALAND” spelled out at top.
: “ONE PENNY” at bottom.
: “PAID” vertical in the center.
: This is from the same machine used for Type A4. Only the frank die was changed.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A6.jpg|760px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''A6. ASC (Moss) model “3” ''' (FV-7), 8 February 1906.
: Double circles 19 and 11mm in diameter, with “&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;★&lt;/span&gt; NEW ZEALAND &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;★&lt;/span&gt;/ POSTAGE PAID” between the circles.
: The center contains the postage value above the meter number.
: Printed with a metal (zinc) die.
: Sovereign (£1 coin)-in-the-slot operation as with Type A3.
: Three machines were made:
::: '''A'''. '''N&lt;u&gt;o&lt;/u&gt;1''', used by Christchurch Meat Co. Two covers (½d stamp and 1d stamp) and a single cutout (1d stamp) exist, printed in violet {{space|3}}[$2000]
::: '''B'''. '''N&lt;u&gt;o&lt;/u&gt;2''', used by Pyne &amp; Co, Christchurch. Two registered covers with 5d stamps (violet), and a cover and cut-out with 1d stamp (black) are known {{space|3}}[$2000]
::: '''C'''. '''N&lt;u&gt;o&lt;/u&gt;3''', demonstration machine. A small number of value sets (less the 3d) are known to exist, printed in red or black and produced at a later date. {{space|3}}[$500]
: Values: The model was capable of printing ½d, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d and 6d values.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7.jpg|left|280px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7a.jpg|right|210px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7b.jpg|right|135px]]

'''A7. ASC (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), Summer 1906.
: Very similar to Type A6 but the frank is slightly smaller with circles 17.5-18 and 10mm in diameter.
: These stamps are from the first credit machine, an improvement over the Sovereign coin-in-the-slot operation. A postal employee would travel between meter users to collect payments and recharge the meters.
: The stamps are found printed in black, purple, blue, red, and green. Black is relatively common with purple being rare. Blue, green and red are exceptionally rare.
: Meter No’s: 1 to 22 have “No.” prefix. Meters from 23 to 44 are without prefix. These were all issued to Christchurch firms.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$75]
: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$250]
: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$350]
: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$600]

:: '''a'''. Printed in purple {{space|4}} [''Add $50 to ½d and 1d stamps, $100 or more to the other denominations'']
:: '''b'''. Printed in blue, red, or green {{space|4}} [''Add $250. Known only with ½d and 1d stamps'']

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8.jpg|left|250px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8a.jpg|right|124px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8b.jpg|right|125px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8c.jpg|right|125px]]

'''A8. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1907.
: This is from the same model &quot;C&quot; meter that produced Type A7. Only the frank dies were changed.
: Single circle 18 mm in diameter.
: Town name, normally with “NZ”, added at top.
: “POSTAGE PAID” at bottom.
:::::::::::: Meter numbers start at 1 in each town.
:::::::::::: The stamps are found printed in black, blue, and purple. Black is relatively common with blue being rare and purple very rare.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$50]
: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$200]
: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$400]
: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$500]

:: '''a'''. Printed in blue {{space|4}} [''Add $50 to ½d and 1d stamps, $100 or more to the other denominations'']
:: '''b'''. Printed in purple {{space|4}} [''Add $250. Known only with ½d and 1d stamps'']
:: '''c'''. Town name only, without “NZ”. Napier 1, 2, 4-9, and Gisborne 1-5 recorded {{space|4}} [''Add $25'']

'''NOTE''': The Wellington stamp dies from 1 to 26 have the town name abbreviated &quot;WELL&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;GTN&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. From 27 forward the name is spelled out in full.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A9.jpg|720px]]

'''A9. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), late 1908.
: This is from the same model &quot;C&quot; meter that produced Types A7 and A8. Only the frank dies were changed.
: Large circle, 21-22 mm in diameter, with different interior design for each value:
::: '''A'''. ½d: {{space|4}} plain single circle {{space|3}}[$50]
::: '''B'''. 1d: {{space|4}} diamond {{space|3}}[$50]
::: '''C'''. 3d: {{space|4}} square with four semicircles {{space|3}}[$250]
::: '''D'''. 6d: {{space|4}} lines at top and bottom and small circles at the sides {{space|3}}[$500]
::: '''E'''. 1/-: {{space|4}} shield {{space|3}}[$1000]
: Town name alone at top, without country name or &quot;NZ&quot;.
: Meter numbers for each town are the same as used with Type A8.
: Normally printed in black.

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP B: Upright rectangle&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1A.jpg|left|137px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1B.jpg|left|132px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1aa.jpg|right|137px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1 note.jpg|right|430px]]

'''B1. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1910.
: Frank is upright rectangle with rounded corners.
: The town name is in a diagonal panel.
: Meter numbers start at 1 in each town.
:::::::: '''A'''. Straight line rectangle (with rounded corners) with, “POSTAGE PAID NZ&quot; in upper left.
::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$40]
::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$100]
::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$300]
::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$500]

:::::::: '''B'''. Frank frame is wavy line, &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; without &quot;NZ&quot; in upper left. Began use in 1915 with a postal rate change. {{space|3}}[$60]
::::::::: One value only: {{space|4}} 1½d

:::::::: '''a'''. Printed in deep blue or purple (Dunedin 34, Hastings 2, Napier 1 and 12 seen, ½d and 1d known). {{space|4}} [Add $100]

'''NOTE''': As the stamp dies were replaced in the Model &quot;C&quot; machines (from Type A7 through A9 to B1) a small number of machines had only some of the value dies replaced with the newer designs. Covers with multiple stamp types (B1 with A8 or A9) occasionally turn up. They are quite rare. Shown at right is a portion of a mailing tag franked with 1 shilling Type A8 and 1½d Type B1B, both from meter Auckland 50.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B2.jpg|522px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''B2. AFM (Moss), models “D” '''and ''' “E” ''' (1924), (FV-5), 11 May 1916.
[[File:New Zealand Type B2cc.jpg|right|210px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO6.jpg|right|130px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B2c.jpg|right|130px]]
: Straight frame line with squared corners.
: Meter number in circle in center, town name at bottom.
: Meter numbers continue up from those used with Type B1.
: The stamps were at first printed in black, then maroon (dark purple), then dull red and finally pink. Dull red and pink are the most common with black and maroon less so.
: The stamps from the &quot;D&quot; and &quot;E&quot; models are identical.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 1½d, 2d, 6d, ONE SHILLING
: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$15]

:: '''a'''. Printed in black {{space|4}} [''Uncommon'']
:: '''b'''. Printed in maroon (dull purple) {{space|4}} [''Uncommon'']
:: '''c'''. Printed in non-standard dark aniline purple {{space|4}} [''Very rare'']
:: '''d'''. Relief stamp (temporary replacement or ‘loaner’ machine). Meter number with “R” prefix. Meters R1-R5 {{space|3}}[$350]
:: '''e'''. Relief stamp (temporary replacement or ‘loaner’ machine). &quot;SOS&quot; in center circle {{space|3}}[$500]


&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B3.jpg|left|130px]]
'''B3. AFM (Moss) model “D”''' (FV-5), November 1922.
: Similar to Type B2 but special design from a machine used at the Christchurch Industrial Exhibition.
: &quot;N.Z. / INDUSTRIAL&quot; above, and &quot;EXHIBITION&quot; below the central circle which contains &quot;CH CH”.
: In operation only for seven weeks.
: Value: {{space|4}}  “ONE PENNY” {{space|3}}[$500]
: Values: [[File: MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|6px]] “HALF PENNY&quot; {{space|4}}  &quot;ONE SHILLING&quot; {{space|4}} [Extremely rare, value uncertain, $2000?]
::::::::: These two values are known on small sheets with large &quot;CANCELLED&quot; hand stamp. They were handed to the public as souvenirs of the show. The one shilling value is also known on an unmailed cover.
'''NOTE''': The 1½d and 6d values may exist but have not been reported.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B4.jpg|left|130px]]

'''B4. AFM (Moss) model “E”''' plus converted '''&quot;model D&quot;'''s (FV-5), 1928.
: Double-line outer rim with rounded corners.
: “NEW ZEALAND/POSTAGE” at top without town name.
: Meter numbers 1501 up without prefix.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 1½d, 2d
:::::: Values: {{space|4}} 3d, 6d, 1/- 
:::::: Value: {{space|4}}  2½d, 4d {{space|3}}[$10]
'''NOTE''': At least one Model E machine (E142) was converted to decimal currency at some point. The postage values are 1, 2½, 3 and 5 cents. The one shilling value remained in the dial but was disabled and could not be selected. From the condition of the machine it appears that it had been in use, but no franked covers or examples of the decimal stamps have ever been reported. The machine is in the hands of a collector who says that all the dies had been removed when he received it and so is not possible to produce proofs after the fact.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B5.jpg|left|130px]]
'''B5. Hawkins, model “F” (the &quot;Duo&quot;) ''' (FV-2), January 1931. {{space|3}}[$50]
: As Type B4 but meter number with “F” prefix.
: Meters F1 through F42 were reportedly fielded.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B6A.jpg|left|375px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B6c.jpg|right|360px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B6B.jpg|left|360px]]
[[File:New Zealand Type B6d.jpg|340px|right]]

'''B6. Neopost''' (L/V-3/6), 1931.
: Herringbone pattern at sides with rays in lower corners.
: Value figure (variable in size) in center with &quot;POSTAGE&quot; above and &quot;PAID&quot; below.
:M# with “N” prefix.
: TM: DC, BIC or nil
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. £sd values: {{space|4}} 1d, 2d, 2½d, 3d, 4d, 6d
::::::::::::::::::: £sd value: {{space|5}} 1/- {{space|3}}[$10]
::::::::::::::::::: £sd values: {{space|4}} 9d, 1/6, 1/9 . {{space|3}}[$20]

:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Decimal values: {{space|4}} 2½c through 25c seen {{space|3}}[$10]

:::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Solid block in place of meter number
:::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. M# with “No N” prefix
:::::::::::::::::: '''c'''. Printed in green
:::::::::::::::::: '''d'''. TM solid (unengraved)

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B7.jpg|left|370px]]

'''B7. Neopost ''' (LV). {{space|3}}[$300]
: Unique design similar to Type B7 with herringbone pattern at sides, but “POSTAGE” in arc over “PAID” above small value figure at bottom center.
: Meter number in lower corners, and postage value at bottom center.
: Meter N71 only, used by Hikurangi Dairy Co.
: This stamp is most likely the result of a locally fabricated repair.
: Values seen: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B8 pence.jpg|left|615px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B8 cents.jpg|left|330px]]

'''B8. Hawkins “Rotex” ''' (FV-5), December 1931.
: Frank with single line, simulated perforation border.
: M# with “G” prefix, G1 up.
: TM: squared circle with horizontal line background, or nil
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Values: £sd: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 6d, 1/-
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Values: Decimal: {{space|4}} ½c, 1c, 2c, 4c, 12c seen

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Without letter prefix: 1332 {{space|3}}[$20]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. Slogan applied to back of envelope {{space|3}}[$100]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''c'''. Printed in black
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B9.jpg|left|285px]]
'''B9. Hawkins “Sentinel” ''' (FV-3), 1937.
: Nearly identical to Type B8 but M# with “H” prefix.
: Known in two sizes.
: TM: nil
: Values: £sd: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 2½d, 3d, 4d, 6d
: Values: : Decimal: {{space|4}} 1c, 2c, 2½c, 3c, 4c, 5c, 7c, 8c, 10c, 12c, 14c, 17c, 20c seen

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B10.jpg|left|555px]]

'''B10. Universal “Multi-Value” ''' (MV), 1936. 
: Large frank with simulated-perforation outer frame line and straight inner frame line.
: The M# is in panel at bottom.
: “NEW ZEALAND” curved at top above “POSTAGE”.
: With “£ | s | d” below value figures.
: M# with “U” prefix, variable in size.
: TM: DC, nil
::::::::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}}  –/–0/– {{space|4}}  0/–0/–

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B11.jpg|left|370px]]

'''B11. Universal “Multi-Value” ''' (MV), 1953.
: As Type B10 but smaller, with double straight inner frame lines, and without “£ | s | d”.
: M# with “U” prefix.
: TM: DC, nil
: V/F: £sd: {{space|4}} 00/0= {{space|4}} 0/0= (U23 only)
: V/F: Decimal: {{space|4}} =.00 {{space|4}} 0oo 0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} 00.oo {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00=

::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B12.jpg|left|580px]]

'''B12. Universal “Simplex” ''' (LV-25), 1952.
: Similar to B11 but much smaller, 23 x 27 mm, and with two parallel vertical lines at each side of the figure of value figures.
: M# with “S” prefix.
: TM; DC or nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} ½d to 1/0½d in ½d increments, or 1d to 2/1 in 1d increments
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} 1¢ to 25¢ in 1¢ increments

'''NOTE''': There can be considerable variation in the appearance of the value figures, e.g. serif/sanserif, narrow/wide.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Decimal value without “¢” (S.1294)
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. Error, with both &quot;d&quot; and &quot;c&quot; currency indicators {{space|3}}[$10]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''c'''. Error, frame inverted, value upright. M# S.1111 {{space|3}}[$20]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''d'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B13.jpg|left|170px]]
'''B13. Universal/Pitney Bowes “Automax” ''' (MV).
: Very similar to Type B12 but larger.
: M# with “U” prefix.
: TM: DC or nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} =0/0=
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} =.00= {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00=

:::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B14.jpg|left|370px]]

'''B14. Hasler “F88” ''' (MV), 1953. 
: With straight outer frame line, simulated inner frame line and third (straight) frame line.
: Ornaments below curved “NEW ZEALAND” at top.
: One machine only used until 1977.
: M# “K1” breaks bottom frame line.
: TM: BIC, nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} ✳00/0✳
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} ✳00'''.'''0✳

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B15.jpg|left|366px]]

'''B15. Francotyp “Cc” ''' (MV), 1955.
: “NEW ZEALAND” in panel at top, “POSTAGE” and M# in panel at bottom.
: M# with “X” prefix and with two short horizontal lines at the sides.
: TM: BIC, nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} 0/0½ {{space|4}} 00/0½
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} '''.'''00½ {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00½ {{space|4}} •0'''.'''00

:::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B16.jpg|left|397px]]

'''B16. Roneo Neopost &quot;Frankmaster&quot; / &quot;305&quot; ''' (MV).
: Value in oval frame with petals at sides.
: Crown at bottom below small “PAID”.
: M# with “RN” prefix.
: TM: DC, nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} 0/0½ {{space|4}} =0/0=
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} 0'''·'''00=
[[File:1982_Ross_Dependency_Meter_Marking.jpg|thumb|391x391px|Example of the 1982 Ross Dependency Meter Marking]]
RN 108 used at Ross Dependency (Antarctica) to mark the 25th Anniversary of Scott Base on 20 January 1982. &lt;br&gt;The machine used at Scott Base had a pictorial design added to the die to the left of the date-stamp.  

Frankings were impressed both directly onto covers and onto adhesive labels for fixing to covers.  

Examples are scarce with only about 30 covers recorded. (Reference: The Postmarks of Ross Dependency, Mark Jurisich FRPSNZ, 3rd Edition Update April 2018, ISBN No: 978-0-9876534-1-3). 

&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B17.jpg|left|130px]]

'''B17. Aldridge “Stamp Master” ''' (FV-7), 1954.
: Small frank with straight, single line frame.
: Tiny “New Zealand/Postage” at top.
: M# nos. M1 to about M200, and M500 to about M600.
: TM: nil
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 3d, 6d, 1/-
:::::: Values: {{space|4}} 4d, 2/-, 3/- {{space|3}}[$10]

'''NOTE''': Although this machine did not have a town/date die, it could print slogans.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B18B.jpg|left|132px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B18A.jpg|left|132px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''B18. Aldridge “Stamp Master” ''' (FV-7), 1955.
: As Type B17 but with simulated perforation frame line.
: Meter numbers start at 22.
:::::::: '''A'''. M# with “M.” prefix
:::::::: '''B'''. M# with “No. M” prefix
: TM: nil
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 6d, 1/-, 2/-, 3/-

'''NOTE''': Ten shilling stamps (meter M118) exist on a proof cover. The value has not been reported as actually issued or used. {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:500px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B19.jpg|left|500px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B19. Hawkins “Ace” ''' (LV-12).
: Frank with 'checkerboard’ frame, 22 x 30 mm.
: M# with “A” prefix, A1 up.
:: '''A'''. £sd values:{{space|4}} 1&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 2&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 2½&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 3&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 4&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 6&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 9&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 1/-, 1/{{Resize|75%|3}}, 1/{{Resize|75%|6}}, 1/{{Resize|75%|9}}, 2/-
:: '''B'''. Decimal values with “CENTS” stacked at the sides:{{space|4}} 1, 2, 2½, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24
:: '''C'''. Without “D” or “CENTS”:{{space|4}} 2½ seen
|}
&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B20.jpg|780px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B20aa.jpg|right|200px]]

'''B20. Hawkins “Regent” ''' (LV-10), 1962.
: Large frank, 28-29 x 31-32 mm, with simulated-perforation outer frame line and straight inner frame line.
: With line bisecting frank above “POSTAGE”.
: M# with “Z” prefix.
:: '''A'''. £sd values with “D”:{{space|4}} 1d through 6d in ½ steps
:: '''B'''. £sd values with “PENCE” below:{{space|4}} 2½d, 3d, 4d, 5d seen
:: '''C'''. Decimal values with “CENTS” above:{{space|4}} 3c, 4c, 5c, 6c seen
:: '''D'''. Without currency indicator:{{space|4}} 3 seen (Z631)
: TM: nil

:: '''a'''. Without line under “NEW ZEALAND”: M# Z315
:: '''b'''. Printed in blue
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B21A.jpg|left|315px]]

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B21B.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''B21. Francotyp-Postalia &quot;MS4/MS5&quot; ''' (MV).
: Frank similar to Type B11.
: The panel at bottom containing the meter number is not as tall as with B11.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. MS4 model. Meter number with “PA&quot; prefix. {{space|4}} V/F: 000
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. MS5 model. Meter number with &quot;PS&quot; prefix. {{space|4}} V/F: 0000
: TM: DC or nil
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP C: Horizontal or square rectangle&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C1.jpg|left|210px]]

::::::::::::: '''C1. Hawkins “Mailmaster” ''' (LV-25+½)&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;
::::::::::::: Large frank, 27 x 32&amp;nbsp;mm, with simulated-perforation outer frame line and straight inner frame line.
::::::::::::: With “C” at each side of value figure.
::::::::::::: M# with “Y” prefix.
::::::::::::: TM: nil
::::::::::::: Values: {{space|3}} 2c through 40c seen

::::::::::::: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The '''Mailmaster''' is chiefly a limited value (LV) machine but has a 2-bank&lt;sup&gt;(''see the glossary'')&lt;/sup&gt; multi-value (MV) feature. The left bank prints one of 24 whole numbers (1 to 24, or 5 to 120 in 5c steps). The right bank prints a half-cent value (½) when the operator pushes a button on the front of the machine.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type C2A.jpg|left|130px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C2B.jpg|right|400px]]

'''C2. Mailroom Services Ltd. “Postmaster”''' (FV-5).
: Small nearly square frank of slightly variable size, 17-20 x 18-20 mm.
: Often with slogan in different color.
: M# with “P” prefix.
:::::::: '''A'''. Without “c” after value. {{space|2}} Values: {{space|1}} 6, 5, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 28, 30, 35 seen
:::::::: '''B'''. With “c” after value. {{space|2}} Values: {{space|1}} 7c, 8c, 10c, 12c, 20c, 30c seen
:::::: TM: nil


&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C3A.jpg|left|210px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C3B.jpg|left|210px]]

::::::::::::: '''C3. Hawkins “New Rotex”'''&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; (LV-25+½)&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;
::::::::::::: Checkerboard frame, 32-33 x 27&amp;nbsp;mm.
::::::::::::: Large “N” and “Z” at the sides.
::::::::::::: M# with “B” prefix.
:::::::::::::: '''A'''. £sd values with “PENCE” below “POSTAGE” {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
:::::::::::::: '''B'''. Decimal values with “CENTS” below “POSTAGE”
::::::::::::: TM: nil
::::::::::::: Values: {{space|3}} ½ through 24½ 

::::::::::::: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The '''New Rotex''' is basically the same machine as the '''Mailmaster''' (C1), but modified to include decimal values.

::::::::::::: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The '''New Rotex''' is chiefly a limited value (LV) machine but has a 2-bank&lt;sup&gt;(''see the glossary'')&lt;/sup&gt; multi-value (MV) feature. The left bank prints one of 24 whole numbers (1 to 24, or 5 to 120 in 5c steps). The right bank prints a half-cent value (½) when the operator pushes a button on the front of the machine.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C4.jpg|left|336px]]

'''C4. Satas &quot;Baby&quot;''' (MV).
: Small frank slightly wider than tall.
: With simulated perforation outer border and straight-line inner border.
: Inner panel at bottom contains the meter number with &quot;SA&quot; prefix.
: TM not seen
: V/F: {{space|3}} 0'''.''' 00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C5.jpg|left|322px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C5 note.jpg|right|485px]]

'''C5. Neopost “205/2205” ''' (MV).
: Square frank with herringbone sides and rays in lower corners.
: M# with “J” prefix.
: TM: BIC or nil

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} ★/0 – {{space|4}}  •0′0 –

: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} •00 – {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} 00 –
'''NOTE''': Examples with slogan and town mark in different colors are known.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:New Zealand stamp type C6.jpg|left|362px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''C6. Neopost “505” ''' (MV).
:::::::::::::::::: As Type C5 but wider than tall.
:::::::::::::::::: M# with “R” prefix.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: BIC or nil
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|3}} 0•00 {{space|4}} ★•00
::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. TM solid (unengraved)


&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C6point1.jpg|left|340px]]

'''C6.1. Neopost “Electronic” ''' (MV).
: Similar to Type C6 but frank not as wide.
: M# with “EN” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;≋&lt;/span&gt;000

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C7A.jpg|left|355px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C7B.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
'''C7. Hasler “Mailmaster” ''' (MV).
: Wide frank with “NEW ZEALAND” in panel at top, M# and “POSTAGE” in panel at bottom.
: Country map left of value figures.
: M# with “D” prefix.
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. With vertical line between the meter number and “POSTAGE”
:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. No line between meter number and “POSTAGE”
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} 00'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type C8.jpg|left|370px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''C8. Hasler &quot;Smile&quot;''' (MV).
: Nearly identical to Type C7A but the spacing between the date and value figures is slightly wider (~28mm compared to ~25mm)
: and the value figures are somewhat thinner.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} 00'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type C9.jpg|left|364px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''C9. Frama &quot;M/E3&quot;''' (MV).
: Nearly identical to Type C7A but the value figures are thicker and larger.
: Meter number with “F” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} 0'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C10.jpg|left|340px]]

'''C10. Satas (''Neopost &quot;Electronic&quot;'')''' (MV).
: The stamp is identical to Australia Type H3 but with NEW ZEALAND at top.
: A small sheep in profile is in the upper right corner.
: Meter number SATAS / SA1002 seen.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;≋&lt;/span&gt;0'''.'''00
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP D: Frank without complete outer frame&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type D1A.jpg|left|350px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type D1B.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''D1. Pitney Bowes-GB “5000” series''' (MV).
: Simulated-perforation frame lines at top and bottom, open at sides.
: Frank design with concave curve at left to fit around town mark.
: M# with “P.B.” prefix below four stars at center between date and value figures.
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Top line of frank 40 mm wide. {{space|4}} V/F: {{space|2}}≋0'''.'''00
:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Wide frank, top line 48 mm wide. {{space|4}} V/F: {{space|2}}≋00'''.'''00
: TM: DC or nil

:::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. With advertising slogan instead of town name inside DC town mark

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type D2.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''D2. Pitney Bowes-GB “6300” series''' (MV).
: Similar to Type D1 but frank squared off at left, and date and value figures on same level.
: M# with “P.B.” prefix.
: TM: DC or nil
: V/F: {{space|4}}  ≋0'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type D3.jpg|left|358px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''D3. Pitney Bowes-GB “6900” ''' (MV).
: As Type D1 but much taller.
: “POSTAGE” below value figures.
: M# with “PBZ” prefix.
: TM: SC, DC
: V/F: {{space|4}}  ≋0'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type D4.jpg|left|358px]]

'''D4. Pitney Bowes-GB “EasyMail” ''' (digital).
: Wide and short design without town mark.
: &quot;NEW ZEALAND POST&quot; across top with logo at left.
: M# with “PBC” prefix.
: Three numbers stacked at left, M#, date and post code (or &quot;0000&quot;) stacked at right.
: V/F: {{space|4}}  000'''.'''00
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP E: Frank with 2D digital barcode&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type P1.jpeg|left|315px]]

'''E1. Pitney Bowes &quot;DM300&quot; ''' (digital).
: Large, square 2D barcode at right.
: &quot;''New Zealand Post&quot;'' and envelope logo at top left above value figures.
: Meter number with &quot;P23&quot; prefix at bottom.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 000'''.'''00&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type PO3.jpg|left|310px]]

'''E2. Pitney Bowes &quot;K700&quot; ''' (digital).
: Very similar to Type E1.
: Value figures are more narrowly spaced than with E1.
: The meter number figures are larger than with E1.
: Meter number with &quot;P19&quot; prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 000'''.'''00&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type E3.jpg|left|380px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type E3 P17.jpg|left|325px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''E3. Pitney Bowes &quot;DM100&quot; ''' plus other DM models (digital).
: As Types E1 and E2.
: Value figures narrowly spaced as with E2.
: Small meter number digits as with E1.
::::::::::::::::: Meter number with &quot;P11&quot;, &quot;P12&quot;, or &quot;P17&quot; prefix.
::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 000'''.'''00&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP PO: Stamps generated only by meters in Post Offices&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type PO1.jpg|left|580px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''PO1. NCR'''. {{space|3}}[$10]
: Frameless design with post office name at top, “POSTAGE PAID” at center, date and value figures at bottom.
: Printed on adhesive labels with straight sides and serrations at top and bottom.
: This stamp was used on both regular mail and parcel post.
: Printed in red or violet on white tape.
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} 0·0·0 {{space|4}} * 0·0·0
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} 0·00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type PO2.jpg|left|450px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''PO2'''. Unidentified (digital), 2008 or earlier.
: Large self adhesive label with horizontal panels.
: Top panel contains &quot;New Zealand Post&quot; and postal service logo.
: Next panel contains the destination in negative lettering on a solid field.
: The third panel contains the mail class.
: The large bottom panel contains three lines of point-of-sale data:
:::::::::::::::::::::: * weight and value figures
:::::::::::::::::::::: * post office identification
:::::::::::::::::::::: * date, time, and identification number
: Printed in black that can fade to brown as the example shown.
: V/F: {{space|4}} Price: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 (with slashed zeros)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP PP: Special stamps used for Parcel Post&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type PP1.jpg|left|340px]]

'''PP1. Ticket Issue Machines''' (LV-12), 1950. {{space|3}}[''Exceptionally rare'']
: Box at left with “PARCEL POST” reading up.
: Value figure in box at right.
: Town name/ date in center.
: Printed on white tape imperforate at top and bottom, perforated at the sides.
: One machine in use from late May to mid August 1950.
: Values: {{space|4}} 8d, 1/-, 1/2, 1/3, 1/9, 2/-, 2/6, 2/9, 3/1, 3/3, 3/6, 4/-

'''NOTE''': A pre-production Specimen exists. It is printed on pink paper tape instead of white but otherwise look the same {{space|3}}[''One example known, dated 14 October 1949'']
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type PP2.jpg|left|320px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''PP2. National Cash Register &quot;126&quot; ''' (11 December 1959).
: Frameless design printed on square self-adhesive labels.
: The stamp consists of three lines of text: town line above &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; at top, date and value figures at bottom.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; alone  
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; with long dashes at the sides  {{space|3}}[$20, ''one machine only'']
: Eight machines were eventually placed into use.
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;*&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;0&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 0&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 0(½)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type PP3B.jpg|left|330px]]
'''PP3. Setright''' (MV), 16 August 1960.
: Similar in appearance to Type PP1 the Setright stamp has NEW ZEALAND at top below the town name.
: The vertical panel at left contains &quot;PARCEL POST / PAID&quot; rather than just PARCEL POST.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Town line &quot;WELLINGTON&quot; {{space|4}} [''extremely rare, in use two weeks only, value undeterined'')]
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Town line &quot;KILBIRNIE&quot; {{space|3}}[$25]
: V/F : {{space|4}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;/0 {{space|5}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;/'''='''
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP PV: Stamps generated only by public access, self-service, coin-operated machines&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:blue;&quot;&gt;'''NOTE''': See also Types A1, A2, A4, and A5.&lt;/span&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type PV1.jpg|left|180px]]

'''PV1. Comac''' (FV-1), 1964. {{space|3}}[$75]
: Stamp from experimental public access self-service meter.
: Large stamp with simulated perforation outer border and straight line inner border.
: “NEW ZEALAND/ POST OFFICE” at top.
: “C.P.O. CH.” (Central Post Office Christchurch) in bottom panel.
: One machine only.
: One value only: {{space|4}} 3d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type PV2.jpg|left|150px]]

'''PV2. Comac''' (FV-1), 1972. {{space|3}}[$20 on cover, $200 for a set of twelve]
: Self-service meter stamp.
: Similar to Type PV1 but much smaller.
: Bottom panel contains “C.P.O.” plus two letter abbreviation for the town where the machine was located.
: Twelve machines were in use for a short time.

::::::::: '''A'''. “AK” (Auckland)
::::::::: '''B'''. “CH” (Christchurch)
::::::::: '''C'''. “DN” (Dunedin)
::::::::: '''D'''. “HN” (Hamilton)
::::::::: '''E'''. “IN” (Invercargill)
::::::::: '''F'''. “NA” (Napier)
::::::::: '''G'''. “NN” (Nelson)
::::::::: '''H'''. “NU” (New Plymouth)
::::::::: '''I'''. “PM” (Palmerston North)
::::::::: '''J'''. “TU” (Timaru)
::::::::: '''K'''. “WG” (Wanganui)
::::::::: '''L'''. “WN” (Wellington)

:::::::: One value only: {{space|4}} 5c
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP OO: Special stamps used for official government mail&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:blue;&quot;&gt;These stamps were used until the 1930s (or possibly later). More recent Official meter stamps are indistinguishable from regular business meter stamps and can be identified only by the return address.&lt;/span&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO1.jpg|left|240px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO1aa.jpg|right|125px]]

'''OO1. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1907.
: As Type A8 but with department name at top, and without meter number.
: Normally printed in black.
:::::::::::: '''A'''. “TAXES” at top, “A” below value figure. {{space|4}} Value: 1d {{space|3}}[$500]

:::::::::::: '''B'''. “TOURIST” at top, “A” below value figure.
::::::::::::: Value: {{space|4}} 1d {{space|3}}[$600]
::::::::::::: Value: {{space|4}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$1000]

:::::::::::: '''C'''. “ADVANCES” at top, &quot;B&quot; below value figure. {{space|3}}[$750]

:::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in red or green {{space|4}} [Add $400]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO2A.jpg|left|137px]]

'''OO2. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1910.
: As Type B1A but with departmental name in diagonal panel.
: “POSTAGE / PAID” at top left.
:::::::: '''A'''. “MARINE” with “A” above value figure. {{space|4}} Values: ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$250]

:::::::: '''B'''. “P.T. CHCH.”
:::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 6d {{space|3}}[$250]
:::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$500]

:::::::: '''C'''. “P.T. AUCK.” {{space|3}}[$500]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO3.jpg|left|267px]]

'''OO3. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1910.
: As Type OO2 but with “OFFICIAL/ PAID/ N.Z.” at top left.
: “•P. &amp; S. DEPT.” in diagonal panel.
:::::::::::::: '''A'''. Printed in black {{space|3}}[$250]
:::::::::::::: '''B'''. Printed in red {{space|3}}[$500]
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} 6d, 1/- {{space|3}}[Add $150]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO4.jpg|left|385px]]

'''OO4. 1915, AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1915.
: As Type B2 but with departmental name in place of town name.
: Printed in black.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. “MARINE. A”, meter number nil {{space|3}}[$150]
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. “P&amp;S DEPT”, meter number nil {{space|3}}[$250]
::::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. “P.T. CHCH•”, meter number nil {{space|3}}[$250]
::::::::::::::::::: '''D'''. “P.T.W.” Meter number 33 {{space|3}}[$150]
::::::::::::::::::: '''E'''. “TAXES” and “A” {{space|4}} [''Reported but not verified'']
::::::::::::::::: Value: {{space|4}} 1½d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO5.jpg|left|270px]]

'''OO5. AFM (Moss) models “D” ''' and''' “E” ''' (FV-5), 1918.
: As Type B3 but with department name at bottom and town name abbreviation or “A” in center circle.
: Known printed in black, maroon, dull red and pink.
: Listed below are verified department names. Others possibly exist.
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 1½d {{space|3}}[$10]
:::::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$20]
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} 3d, 1/- {{space|3}}[$50]

:'''NOTE''': The 2d value may exist.
&lt;br&gt;
:::{|
| ADVCES TO SETTLERS (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| AGRICULTURE (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| BASE REC (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| BOARD OF TRADE (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, WN)
|-
| C. &amp; S. (WN)
| C &amp; S (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| COAL CONTROL DEPT (?)
| COAL DEPOT OFF. (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| COLLR OF CUSTOMS (AUK)
| COMMN CROWN LANDS (AUK, CHCH, DUNEDIN)
|-
| COMM OF PENSIONS (WELL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| CUSTOM-HOUSE (WN)
|-
| CUSTOMS (WN, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, nil)
| DEFENCE DEPT (AUK, DUNEDN, DDN)
|-
| DEFENCE HEADQTRS (PALMN/NORTH) {{space|5}}
| DEF. DEP. MILTY SUP. BR (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;) 
|-
| DEPT INTERN AFFRS (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| DIS. HEALTH OFF. AK (AUK)
|-
| DIS. HEALTH OFF. WN (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| DEPT OF MINES (WN, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| DEPT PUB. TRUST (WHG)
| DEPT PUB. TRUSTEE (AUK)
|-
| DEPT P. WORKS (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| D. O. AGRIC (CH)
|-
| EDUCATION BOARD (WN)
| EDUCATION DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| FORESTRY DEPT (WN)
| GHQ DEFENCE (WN)
|-
| GOV. IMG. DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| GOVT INSCE (A, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| H. OFF. DEFENCE DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| HEALTH (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| HEALTH CHCH (CHCH)
| IMPSUPPLY (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, nil)
|-
| LABOUR DEPT, WELL (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| MARINE &amp; INSPN/MACHINERY DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| NAT PRO F.S. DEPT (AK)
| NATIVE DEPT (WG)
|-
| ORD. DEPT (TRN)
| PENSIONS DEPT (AK, WN)
|-
| PNTG &amp; STATY DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| PRNTG &amp; STATY DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| PUB. HEALTH (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| P. TRUST DEPT, DDN (DDN, SLD)
|-
| P. TRUST DEPT., WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt; (A)
| PUB. TRUST. LOC. DEPT (CHCH)
|-
| PUBLIC TRUSTEE (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, WN)
| PUBLIC WORKS (WN, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| RAILWAYS (WN, 1)
| STAMPS (WN)
|-
| STATE ADVANCES (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| STATE COAL MINES (GRAYMH)
|-
| TAXES DEPT WELL (A, WN)
| TOURIST DEPT WELL (A)
|-
| TREASY DEPT (CHCH, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, nil)
| UNDR SECY LANDS DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|}
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:green;&quot;&gt;Return to main catalog →&lt;/span&gt; &lt;u&gt;[[../]]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:green;&quot;&gt;Return to top →&lt;/span&gt; &lt;u&gt;[[International Postage Meter Stamp Catalog/New Zealand|New_Zealand]]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>n9tgb7zam3bs6v9debe1kzfzc79xx7n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679180</id>
      <parentid>4679179</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:41:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jim Ashby</username>
        <id>3304668</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* GROUP B: Upright rectangle */</comment>
      <origin>4679180</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="43040" sha1="jyj7a2nphltetsu5ccbk1lqrf3bat76" xml:space="preserve">= New Zealand =
&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:medium;&quot;&gt;
* One of the earliest countries to use postage meters, the first meter was put on public trial in 1904. New Zealand is the only country to use meters on a commercial, non-experimental basis from 1905 to late 1920.
* Unlike most other meter-using countries, meter stamps in New Zealand are often printed without a town mark/date stamp and are considered no different from preprinted adhesive postage. As such metered mail is usually found with postal cancelations. If a town mark is present, it is often not canceled.

* Meter manufacturers in New Zealand:
:: The Automatic Stamping Machine Co. (ASM) (Ernest Moss), 1904
:: The Automatic Franking Machine Co. Ltd. (AFM) (successor to ASM)
:: New Zealand Franking Machine Co. Ltd. (NZFM) (Robert Wales), 1904
:: C.R. Hawkins Ltd. (successor to AFM, 1932)
:: A.H. Aldridge
:: Coin Machines Ltd. (Comac), 1964

* The stamps are grouped according to appearance of frank and function:
:: A – circular and oval franks
:: B – upright rectangle
:: C – horizontal or square rectangle
:: D – frank without complete outer frame
:: PO – special stamps generated only in Post Offices
:: PP – special stamp used only for Parcel Post
:: PV – stamps from public, self-service, coin-operated machines
:: OO – special stamps used for Official government mail

'''NOTE''': The early Group A stamps were self-service public vending machine stamps. They have been cataloged in Group A rather than Group PV because of the close developmental relationship they have with other Group A stamps.
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
----
== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP A: Circular and oval franks&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A1.jpg|left|126px]]

'''A1. ASM (Moss) model “1”, 1st state ''' (FV-1), 31 March 1904.
: One meter only, a public, coin-operated, self-service machine.
: Double circular stamp with rings 19.5 and 12 mm in diameter.
: Inscribed “N.Z. POSTAL STAMP / No 1” between the circles and “1D / PAID” in the center.
: Printed in black from a rubber die.
: Postal guidance required the stamps to be postmarked.
:::::::: '''A'''. Used outside the main Post Office at Christchurch, 31 March to 15 April 1904 {{space|3}}[$600]
:::::::: '''B'''. Used outside the main Post Office in Wellington from 4 to 23 May 1904 {{space|3}}[$900]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type A2.jpg|left|148px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''A2. ASM (Moss) model “1”, 2nd state ''' (FV-1), 23 June 1904. {{space|3}}[$900]
: Almost identical to Type A1 but slightly larger, 21 and 13 mm.
: Printed in black with a steel die.
: Public, coin-operated, self-service meter used outside the Wellington main Post Office, 23 June to 4 November 1904.
: This is from the same machine used for Type A1. Only the frank die was changed.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''A3. ASM (Moss) model “2” ''' (FV-2), 11 July to 10 August 1904. {{space|4}} [''One cover with 1d stamp known to exist. Value undetermined'']
: The stamp is identical in appearance to Type A1, but it is from a meter modified for use in a private business setting rather than as a public, self-service meter.
: It can be identified by the postmark date which is later than for Type A1 and by the logo in blue of the Christchurch Meat Company on the envelope.
: The machine operated by insertion of a Sovereign (£1 coin) which allowed a mix of up to 240 one penny or 480 ½d impressions before re-locking.
: It is possible the ½d value was inoperable when the machine was placed with Christchurch Meat.
: Meter No. 1 only.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d

'''NOTE''': Souvenir impressions from the machine were made long after its brief period of postal use. These souvenir impressions are all badly warped due to aging of the rubber die and are usually found on small squares of lined paper. {{space|3}}[$25]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A4.jpg|left|120px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''A4. NZFM (Wales) ''' (FV-1), 7 July to early October 1904. {{space|3}}[$800]
: Narrow, upright double oval with ”N Z” at top.
: “ONE PENNY” at bottom, “1&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;D&lt;/span&gt;” at the sides, and blank in the center.
: Public, coin-operated, self-service meter installed outside the Dunedin Post Office.
: Printed in black.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A5.jpg|left|165px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''A5. NZFM (Wales) ''' (FV-1), 10 October 1904 to 7 February, 1905. {{space|3}}[$800]
: Narrow upright oval as with Type A4 but “NEW ZEALAND” spelled out at top.
: “ONE PENNY” at bottom.
: “PAID” vertical in the center.
: This is from the same machine used for Type A4. Only the frank die was changed.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A6.jpg|760px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''A6. ASC (Moss) model “3” ''' (FV-7), 8 February 1906.
: Double circles 19 and 11mm in diameter, with “&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;★&lt;/span&gt; NEW ZEALAND &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;★&lt;/span&gt;/ POSTAGE PAID” between the circles.
: The center contains the postage value above the meter number.
: Printed with a metal (zinc) die.
: Sovereign (£1 coin)-in-the-slot operation as with Type A3.
: Three machines were made:
::: '''A'''. '''N&lt;u&gt;o&lt;/u&gt;1''', used by Christchurch Meat Co. Two covers (½d stamp and 1d stamp) and a single cutout (1d stamp) exist, printed in violet {{space|3}}[$2000]
::: '''B'''. '''N&lt;u&gt;o&lt;/u&gt;2''', used by Pyne &amp; Co, Christchurch. Two registered covers with 5d stamps (violet), and a cover and cut-out with 1d stamp (black) are known {{space|3}}[$2000]
::: '''C'''. '''N&lt;u&gt;o&lt;/u&gt;3''', demonstration machine. A small number of value sets (less the 3d) are known to exist, printed in red or black and produced at a later date. {{space|3}}[$500]
: Values: The model was capable of printing ½d, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 5d and 6d values.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7.jpg|left|280px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7a.jpg|right|210px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A7b.jpg|right|135px]]

'''A7. ASC (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), Summer 1906.
: Very similar to Type A6 but the frank is slightly smaller with circles 17.5-18 and 10mm in diameter.
: These stamps are from the first credit machine, an improvement over the Sovereign coin-in-the-slot operation. A postal employee would travel between meter users to collect payments and recharge the meters.
: The stamps are found printed in black, purple, blue, red, and green. Black is relatively common with purple being rare. Blue, green and red are exceptionally rare.
: Meter No’s: 1 to 22 have “No.” prefix. Meters from 23 to 44 are without prefix. These were all issued to Christchurch firms.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$75]
: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$250]
: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$350]
: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$600]

:: '''a'''. Printed in purple {{space|4}} [''Add $50 to ½d and 1d stamps, $100 or more to the other denominations'']
:: '''b'''. Printed in blue, red, or green {{space|4}} [''Add $250. Known only with ½d and 1d stamps'']

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8.jpg|left|250px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8a.jpg|right|124px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8b.jpg|right|125px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type A8c.jpg|right|125px]]

'''A8. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1907.
: This is from the same model &quot;C&quot; meter that produced Type A7. Only the frank dies were changed.
: Single circle 18 mm in diameter.
: Town name, normally with “NZ”, added at top.
: “POSTAGE PAID” at bottom.
:::::::::::: Meter numbers start at 1 in each town.
:::::::::::: The stamps are found printed in black, blue, and purple. Black is relatively common with blue being rare and purple very rare.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$50]
: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$200]
: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$400]
: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$500]

:: '''a'''. Printed in blue {{space|4}} [''Add $50 to ½d and 1d stamps, $100 or more to the other denominations'']
:: '''b'''. Printed in purple {{space|4}} [''Add $250. Known only with ½d and 1d stamps'']
:: '''c'''. Town name only, without “NZ”. Napier 1, 2, 4-9, and Gisborne 1-5 recorded {{space|4}} [''Add $25'']

'''NOTE''': The Wellington stamp dies from 1 to 26 have the town name abbreviated &quot;WELL&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;GTN&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt;. From 27 forward the name is spelled out in full.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type A9.jpg|720px]]

'''A9. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), late 1908.
: This is from the same model &quot;C&quot; meter that produced Types A7 and A8. Only the frank dies were changed.
: Large circle, 21-22 mm in diameter, with different interior design for each value:
::: '''A'''. ½d: {{space|4}} plain single circle {{space|3}}[$50]
::: '''B'''. 1d: {{space|4}} diamond {{space|3}}[$50]
::: '''C'''. 3d: {{space|4}} square with four semicircles {{space|3}}[$250]
::: '''D'''. 6d: {{space|4}} lines at top and bottom and small circles at the sides {{space|3}}[$500]
::: '''E'''. 1/-: {{space|4}} shield {{space|3}}[$1000]
: Town name alone at top, without country name or &quot;NZ&quot;.
: Meter numbers for each town are the same as used with Type A8.
: Normally printed in black.

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP B: Upright rectangle&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1A.jpg|left|137px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1B.jpg|left|132px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1aa.jpg|right|137px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B1 note.jpg|right|430px]]

'''B1. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1910.
: Frank is upright rectangle with rounded corners.
: The town name is in a diagonal panel.
: Meter numbers start at 1 in each town.
:::::::: '''A'''. Straight line rectangle (with rounded corners) with, “POSTAGE PAID NZ&quot; in upper left.
::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$40]
::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$100]
::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$300]
::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$500]

:::::::: '''B'''. Frank frame is wavy line, &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; without &quot;NZ&quot; in upper left. Began use in 1915 with a postal rate change. {{space|3}}[$60]
::::::::: One value only: {{space|4}} 1½d

:::::::: '''a'''. Printed in deep blue or purple (Dunedin 34, Hastings 2, Napier 1 and 12 seen, ½d and 1d known). {{space|4}} [Add $100]

'''NOTE''': As the stamp dies were replaced in the Model &quot;C&quot; machines (from Type A7 through A9 to B1) a small number of machines had only some of the value dies replaced with the newer designs. Covers with multiple stamp types (B1 with A8 or A9) occasionally turn up. They are quite rare. Shown at right is a portion of a mailing tag franked with 1 shilling Type A8 and 1½d Type B1B, both from meter Auckland 50.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B2.jpg|522px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''B2. AFM (Moss), models “D” '''and ''' “E” ''' (1924), (FV-5), 11 May 1916.
[[File:New Zealand Type B2cc.jpg|right|210px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO6.jpg|right|130px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B2c.jpg|right|130px]]
: Straight frame line with squared corners.
: Meter number in circle in center, town name at bottom.
: Meter numbers continue up from those used with Type B1.
: The stamps were at first printed in black, then maroon (dark purple), then dull red and finally pink. Dull red and pink are the most common with black and maroon less so.
: The stamps from the &quot;D&quot; and &quot;E&quot; models are identical.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 1½d, 2d, 6d, ONE SHILLING
: Value: {{space|5}} 3d {{space|3}}[$15]

:: '''a'''. Printed in black {{space|4}} [''Uncommon'']
:: '''b'''. Printed in maroon (dull purple) {{space|4}} [''Uncommon'']
:: '''c'''. Printed in non-standard dark aniline purple {{space|4}} [''Very rare'']
:: '''d'''. Relief stamp (temporary replacement or ‘loaner’ machine). Meter number with “R” prefix. Meters R1-R5 {{space|3}}[$350]
:: '''e'''. Relief stamp (temporary replacement or ‘loaner’ machine). &quot;SOS&quot; in center circle {{space|3}}[$500]


&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B3.jpg|left|130px]]
'''B3. AFM (Moss) model “D”''' (FV-5), November 1922.
: Similar to Type B2 but special design from a machine used at the Christchurch Industrial Exhibition.
: &quot;N.Z. / INDUSTRIAL&quot; above, and &quot;EXHIBITION&quot; below the central circle which contains &quot;CH CH”.
: In operation only for seven weeks.
: Value: {{space|4}}  “ONE PENNY” {{space|3}}[$500]
: Values: [[File: MeterCat 5 spaces.jpg|6px]] “HALF PENNY&quot; {{space|4}}  &quot;ONE SHILLING&quot; {{space|4}} [Extremely rare, value uncertain, $2000?]
::::::::: These two values are known on small sheets with large &quot;CANCELLED&quot; hand stamp. They were handed to the public as souvenirs of the show. The one shilling value is also known on an unmailed cover.
'''NOTE''': The 1½d and 6d values may exist but have not been reported.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B4.jpg|left|130px]]

'''B4. AFM (Moss) model “E”''' plus converted '''&quot;model D&quot;'''s (FV-5), 1928.
: Double-line outer rim with rounded corners.
: “NEW ZEALAND/POSTAGE” at top without town name.
: Meter numbers 1501 up without prefix.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 1½d, 2d
:::::: Values: {{space|4}} 3d, 6d, 1/- 
:::::: Value: {{space|4}}  2½d, 4d {{space|3}}[$10]
'''NOTE''': At least one Model E machine (E142) was converted to decimal currency at some point. The postage values are 1, 2½, 3 and 5 cents. The one shilling value remained in the dial but was disabled and could not be selected. From the condition of the machine it appears that it had been in use, but no franked covers or examples of the decimal stamps have ever been reported. The machine is in the hands of a collector who says that all the dies had been removed when he received it and so is not possible to produce proofs after the fact.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B5.jpg|left|130px]]
'''B5. Hawkins, model “F” (the &quot;Duo&quot;) ''' (FV-2), January 1931. {{space|3}}[$50]
: As Type B4 but meter number with “F” prefix.
: Meters F1 through F42 were reportedly fielded.
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B6A.jpg|left|375px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B6c.jpg|right|360px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B6B.jpg|left|360px]]
[[File:New Zealand Type B6d.jpg|340px|right]]

'''B6. Neopost''' (L/V-3/6), 1931.
: Herringbone pattern at sides with rays in lower corners.
: Value figure (variable in size) in center with &quot;POSTAGE&quot; above and &quot;PAID&quot; below.
:M# with “N” prefix.
: TM: DC, BIC or nil
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. £sd values: {{space|4}} 1d, 2d, 2½d, 3d, 4d, 6d
::::::::::::::::::: £sd value: {{space|5}} 1/- {{space|3}}[$10]
::::::::::::::::::: £sd values: {{space|4}} 9d, 1/6, 1/9 . {{space|3}}[$20]

:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Decimal values: {{space|4}} 2½c through 25c seen {{space|3}}[$10]

:::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Solid block in place of meter number
:::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. M# with “No N” prefix
:::::::::::::::::: '''c'''. Printed in green
:::::::::::::::::: '''d'''. TM solid (unengraved)

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B7.jpg|left|370px]]

'''B7. Neopost ''' (LV). {{space|3}}[$300]
: Unique design similar to Type B7 with herringbone pattern at sides, but “POSTAGE” in arc over “PAID” above small value figure at bottom center.
: Meter number in lower corners, and postage value at bottom center.
: Meter N71 only, used by Hikurangi Dairy Co.
: This stamp is most likely the result of a locally fabricated repair.
: Values seen: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B8 pence.jpg|left|615px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B8 cents.jpg|left|330px]]

'''B8. Hawkins “Rotex” ''' (FV-5), December 1931.
: Frank with single line, simulated perforation border.
: M# with “G” prefix, G1 up.
: TM: squared circle with horizontal line background, or nil
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Values: £sd: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 6d, 1/-
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Values: Decimal: {{space|4}} ½c, 1c, 2c, 4c, 12c seen

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Without letter prefix: 1332 {{space|3}}[$20]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. Slogan applied to back of envelope {{space|3}}[$100]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''c'''. Printed in black
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B9.jpg|left|285px]]
'''B9. Hawkins “Sentinel” ''' (FV-3), 1937.
: Nearly identical to Type B8 but M# with “H” prefix.
: Known in two sizes.
: TM: nil
: Values: £sd: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 2½d, 3d, 4d, 6d
: Values: : Decimal: {{space|4}} 1c, 2c, 2½c, 3c, 4c, 5c, 7c, 8c, 10c, 12c, 14c, 17c, 20c seen

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B10.jpg|left|555px]]

'''B10. Universal “Multi-Value” ''' (MV), 1936. 
: Large frank with simulated-perforation outer frame line and straight inner frame line.
: The M# is in panel at bottom.
: “NEW ZEALAND” curved at top above “POSTAGE”.
: With “£ | s | d” below value figures.
: M# with “U” prefix, variable in size.
: TM: DC, nil
::::::::::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}}  –/–0/– {{space|4}}  0/–0/–

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B11.jpg|left|370px]]

'''B11. Universal “Multi-Value” ''' (MV), 1953.
: As Type B10 but smaller, with double straight inner frame lines, and without “£ | s | d”.
: M# with “U” prefix.
: TM: DC, nil
: V/F: £sd: {{space|4}} 00/0= {{space|4}} 0/0= (U23 only)
: V/F: Decimal: {{space|4}} =.00 {{space|4}} 0oo 0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} 00.oo {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00=

::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B12.jpg|left|580px]]

'''B12. Universal “Simplex” ''' (LV-25), 1952.
: Similar to B11 but much smaller, 23 x 27 mm, and with two parallel vertical lines at each side of the figure of value figures.
: M# with “S” prefix.
: TM; DC or nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} ½d to 1/0½d in ½d increments, or 1d to 2/1 in 1d increments
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} 1¢ to 25¢ in 1¢ increments

'''NOTE''': There can be considerable variation in the appearance of the value figures, e.g. serif/sanserif, narrow/wide.

:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Decimal value without “¢” (S.1294)
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''b'''. Error, with both &quot;d&quot; and &quot;c&quot; currency indicators {{space|3}}[$10]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''c'''. Error, frame inverted, value upright. M# S.1111 {{space|3}}[$20]
:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: '''d'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B13.jpg|left|170px]]
'''B13. Universal/Pitney Bowes “Automax” ''' (MV).
: Very similar to Type B12 but larger.
: M# with “U” prefix.
: TM: DC or nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} =0/0=
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} =.00= {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00= {{space|4}} 00'''.'''00=

:::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B14.jpg|left|370px]]

'''B14. Hasler “F88” ''' (MV), 1953. 
: With straight outer frame line, simulated inner frame line and third (straight) frame line.
: Ornaments below curved “NEW ZEALAND” at top.
: One machine only used until 1977.
: M# “K1” breaks bottom frame line.
: TM: BIC, nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} ✳00/0✳
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} ✳00'''.'''0✳

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B15.jpg|left|366px]]

'''B15. Francotyp “Cc” ''' (MV), 1955.
: “NEW ZEALAND” in panel at top, “POSTAGE” and M# in panel at bottom.
: M# with “X” prefix and with two short horizontal lines at the sides.
: TM: BIC, nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} 0/0½ {{space|4}} 00/0½
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} '''.'''00½ {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00½ {{space|4}} •0'''.'''00

:::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in black

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B16.jpg|left|397px]]

'''B16. Roneo Neopost &quot;Frankmaster&quot; / &quot;305&quot; ''' (MV).
: Value in oval frame with petals at sides.
: Crown at bottom below small “PAID”.
: M# with “RN” prefix.
: TM: DC, nil
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} 0/0½ {{space|4}} =0/0=
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} 0'''·'''00=
[[File:1982_Ross_Dependency_Meter_Marking.jpg|thumb|391x391px|Example of the 1982 Ross Dependency Meter Marking]]
RN 108 used at Ross Dependency (Antarctica) to mark the 25th Anniversary of Scott Base on 20 January 1982. &lt;br&gt;The machine used at Scott Base had a pictorial design added to the die to the left of the date-stamp.  

Frankings were impressed both directly onto covers and onto adhesive labels for fixing to covers.  

Examples are scarce with only about 30 covers recorded. (Reference: The Postmarks of Ross Dependency, Mark Jurisich FRPSNZ, 3rd Edition Update April 2018, ISBN No: 978-0-9876534-1-3). 

&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B17.jpg|left|130px]]

'''B17. Aldridge “Stamp Master” ''' (FV-7), 1954.
: Small frank with straight, single line frame.
: Tiny “New Zealand/Postage” at top.
: M# nos. M1 to about M200, and M500 to about M600.
: TM: nil
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 3d, 6d, 1/-
:::::: Values: {{space|4}} 4d, 2/-, 3/- {{space|3}}[$10]

'''NOTE''': Although this machine did not have a town/date die, it could print slogans.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type B18B.jpg|left|132px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B18A.jpg|left|132px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''B18. Aldridge “Stamp Master” ''' (FV-7), 1955.
: As Type B17 but with simulated perforation frame line.
: Meter numbers start at 22.
:::::::: '''A'''. M# with “M.” prefix
:::::::: '''B'''. M# with “No. M” prefix
: TM: nil
: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 2d, 3d, 4d, 6d, 1/-, 2/-, 3/-

'''NOTE''': Ten shilling stamps (meter M118) exist on a proof cover. The value has not been reported as actually issued or used. {{space|3}}[''Rare'']
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

{|
|-
|style=&quot;width:500px; vertical-align: top;&quot;|
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B19.jpg|left|500px]]

|style=&quot;vertical-align: top;&quot;|
'''B19. Hawkins “Ace” ''' (LV-12).
: Frank with 'checkerboard’ frame, 22 x 30 mm.
: M# with “A” prefix, A1 up.
:: '''A'''. £sd values:{{space|4}} 1&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 2&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 2½&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 3&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 4&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 6&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 9&lt;SUP&gt;{{Small|D}}&lt;/SUP&gt;, 1/-, 1/{{Resize|75%|3}}, 1/{{Resize|75%|6}}, 1/{{Resize|75%|9}}, 2/-
:: '''B'''. Decimal values with “CENTS” stacked at the sides:{{space|4}} 1, 2, 2½, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24
:: '''C'''. Without “D” or “CENTS”:{{space|4}} 2½ seen
|}
&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B20.jpg|780px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type B20aa.jpg|right|200px]]

'''B20. Hawkins “Regent” ''' (LV-10), 1962.
: Large frank, 28-29 x 31-32 mm, with simulated-perforation outer frame line and straight inner frame line.
: With line bisecting frank above “POSTAGE”.
: M# with “Z” prefix.
:: '''A'''. £sd values with “D”:{{space|4}} 1d through 6d in ½ steps
:: '''B'''. £sd values with “PENCE” below:{{space|4}} 2½d, 3d, 4d, 5d seen
:: '''C'''. Decimal values with “CENTS” above:{{space|4}} 3c, 4c, 5c, 6c seen
:: '''D'''. Without currency indicator:{{space|4}} 3 seen (Z631)
: TM: nil

:: '''a'''. Without line under “NEW ZEALAND”: M# Z315
:: '''b'''. Printed in blue
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B21A.jpg|left|315px]]

[[File:New Zealand stamp type B21B.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''B21. Francotyp-Postalia &quot;MS4/MS5&quot; ''' (MV).
: Frank similar to Type B11.
: The panel at bottom containing the meter number is not as tall as with B11.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. MS4 model. Meter number with “PA&quot; prefix. {{space|4}} V/F: 000
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. MS5 model. Meter number with &quot;PS&quot; prefix. {{space|4}} V/F: 0000
: TM: DC or nil
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP C: Horizontal or square rectangle&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C1.jpg|left|210px]]

::::::::::::: '''C1. Hawkins “Mailmaster” ''' (LV-25+½)&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;
::::::::::::: Large frank, 27 x 32&amp;nbsp;mm, with simulated-perforation outer frame line and straight inner frame line.
::::::::::::: With “C” at each side of value figure.
::::::::::::: M# with “Y” prefix.
::::::::::::: TM: nil
::::::::::::: Values: {{space|3}} 2c through 40c seen

::::::::::::: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The '''Mailmaster''' is chiefly a limited value (LV) machine but has a 2-bank&lt;sup&gt;(''see the glossary'')&lt;/sup&gt; multi-value (MV) feature. The left bank prints one of 24 whole numbers (1 to 24, or 5 to 120 in 5c steps). The right bank prints a half-cent value (½) when the operator pushes a button on the front of the machine.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type C2A.jpg|left|130px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C2B.jpg|right|400px]]

'''C2. Mailroom Services Ltd. “Postmaster”''' (FV-5).
: Small nearly square frank of slightly variable size, 17-20 x 18-20 mm.
: Often with slogan in different color.
: M# with “P” prefix.
:::::::: '''A'''. Without “c” after value. {{space|2}} Values: {{space|1}} 6, 5, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 20, 22, 24, 25, 28, 30, 35 seen
:::::::: '''B'''. With “c” after value. {{space|2}} Values: {{space|1}} 7c, 8c, 10c, 12c, 20c, 30c seen
:::::: TM: nil


&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C3A.jpg|left|210px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C3B.jpg|left|210px]]

::::::::::::: '''C3. Hawkins “New Rotex”'''&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; (LV-25+½)&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;
::::::::::::: Checkerboard frame, 32-33 x 27&amp;nbsp;mm.
::::::::::::: Large “N” and “Z” at the sides.
::::::::::::: M# with “B” prefix.
:::::::::::::: '''A'''. £sd values with “PENCE” below “POSTAGE” {{space|3}}[''Scarce'']
:::::::::::::: '''B'''. Decimal values with “CENTS” below “POSTAGE”
::::::::::::: TM: nil
::::::::::::: Values: {{space|3}} ½ through 24½ 

::::::::::::: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The '''New Rotex''' is basically the same machine as the '''Mailmaster''' (C1), but modified to include decimal values.

::::::::::::: &lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;♦&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; The '''New Rotex''' is chiefly a limited value (LV) machine but has a 2-bank&lt;sup&gt;(''see the glossary'')&lt;/sup&gt; multi-value (MV) feature. The left bank prints one of 24 whole numbers (1 to 24, or 5 to 120 in 5c steps). The right bank prints a half-cent value (½) when the operator pushes a button on the front of the machine.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C4.jpg|left|336px]]

'''C4. Satas &quot;Baby&quot;''' (MV).
: Small frank slightly wider than tall.
: With simulated perforation outer border and straight-line inner border.
: Inner panel at bottom contains the meter number with &quot;SA&quot; prefix.
: TM not seen
: V/F: {{space|3}} 0'''.''' 00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C5.jpg|left|322px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C5 note.jpg|right|485px]]

'''C5. Neopost “205/2205” ''' (MV).
: Square frank with herringbone sides and rays in lower corners.
: M# with “J” prefix.
: TM: BIC or nil

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} ★/0 – {{space|4}}  •0′0 –

: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} •00 – {{space|4}} 0'''.'''00 {{space|4}} 00 –
'''NOTE''': Examples with slogan and town mark in different colors are known.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;


[[File:New Zealand stamp type C6.jpg|left|362px]]

:::::::::::::::::: '''C6. Neopost “505” ''' (MV).
:::::::::::::::::: As Type C5 but wider than tall.
:::::::::::::::::: M# with “R” prefix.
:::::::::::::::::: TM: BIC or nil
:::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|3}} 0•00 {{space|4}} ★•00
::::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. TM solid (unengraved)


&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C6point1.jpg|left|340px]]

'''C6.1. Neopost “Electronic” ''' (MV).
: Similar to Type C6 but frank not as wide.
: M# with “EN” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;≋&lt;/span&gt;000

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C7A.jpg|left|355px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type C7B.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
'''C7. Hasler “Mailmaster” ''' (MV).
: Wide frank with “NEW ZEALAND” in panel at top, M# and “POSTAGE” in panel at bottom.
: Country map left of value figures.
: M# with “D” prefix.
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. With vertical line between the meter number and “POSTAGE”
:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. No line between meter number and “POSTAGE”
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} 00'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type C8.jpg|left|370px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''C8. Hasler &quot;Smile&quot;''' (MV).
: Nearly identical to Type C7A but the spacing between the date and value figures is slightly wider (~28mm compared to ~25mm)
: and the value figures are somewhat thinner.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} 00'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type C9.jpg|left|364px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''C9. Frama &quot;M/E3&quot;''' (MV).
: Nearly identical to Type C7A but the value figures are thicker and larger.
: Meter number with “F” prefix.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} 0'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type C10.jpg|left|340px]]

'''C10. Satas (''Neopost &quot;Electronic&quot;'')''' (MV).
: The stamp is identical to Australia Type H3 but with NEW ZEALAND at top.
: A small sheep in profile is in the upper right corner.
: Meter number SATAS / SA1002 seen.
: TM: DC
: V/F: {{space|3}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;≋&lt;/span&gt;0'''.'''00
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP D: Frank without complete outer frame&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type D1A.jpg|left|350px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type D1B.jpg|left|360px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''D1. Pitney Bowes-GB “5000” series''' (MV).
: Simulated-perforation frame lines at top and bottom, open at sides.
: Frank design with concave curve at left to fit around town mark.
: M# with “P.B.” prefix below four stars at center between date and value figures.
:::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Top line of frank 40 mm wide. {{space|4}} V/F: {{space|2}}≋0'''.'''00
:::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Wide frank, top line 48 mm wide. {{space|4}} V/F: {{space|2}}≋00'''.'''00
: TM: DC or nil

:::::::::::::::::: '''a'''. With advertising slogan instead of town name inside DC town mark

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type D2.jpg|left|340px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''D2. Pitney Bowes-GB “6300” series''' (MV).
: Similar to Type D1 but frank squared off at left, and date and value figures on same level.
: M# with “P.B.” prefix.
: TM: DC or nil
: V/F: {{space|4}}  ≋0'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type D3.jpg|left|358px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''D3. Pitney Bowes-GB “6900” ''' (MV).
: As Type D1 but much taller.
: “POSTAGE” below value figures.
: M# with “PBZ” prefix.
: TM: SC, DC
: V/F: {{space|4}}  ≋0'''.'''00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type D4.jpg|left|358px]]

'''D4. Pitney Bowes-GB “EasyMail” ''' (digital).
: Wide and short design without town mark.
: &quot;NEW ZEALAND POST&quot; across top with logo at left.
: M# with “PBC” prefix.
: Three numbers stacked at left, M#, date and post code (or &quot;0000&quot;) stacked at right.
: V/F: {{space|4}}  000'''.'''00
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP E: Frank with 2D digital barcode&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type P1.jpeg|left|315px]]

'''E1. Pitney Bowes &quot;DM300&quot; ''' (digital).
: Large, square 2D barcode at right.
: &quot;''New Zealand Post&quot;'' and envelope logo at top left above value figures.
: Meter number with &quot;P23&quot; prefix at bottom.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 000'''.'''00&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type PO3.jpg|left|310px]]

'''E2. Pitney Bowes &quot;K700&quot; ''' (digital).
: Very similar to Type E1.
: Value figures are more narrowly spaced than with E1.
: The meter number figures are larger than with E1.
: Meter number with &quot;P19&quot; prefix.
: V/F: {{space|4}} 000'''.'''00&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type E3.jpg|left|380px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type E3 P17.jpg|left|325px]]
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''E3. Pitney Bowes &quot;DM100&quot; ''' plus other DM models (digital).
: As Types E1 and E2.
: Value figures narrowly spaced as with E2.
: Small meter number digits as with E1.
::::::::::::::::: Meter number with &quot;P11&quot;, &quot;P12&quot;, or &quot;P17&quot; prefix.
::::::::::::::::: V/F: {{space|4}} 000'''.'''00&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-small;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP PO: Stamps generated only by meters in Post Offices&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type PO1.jpg|left|580px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''PO1. NCR'''. {{space|3}}[$10]
: Frameless design with post office name at top, “POSTAGE PAID” at center, date and value figures at bottom.
: Printed on adhesive labels with straight sides and serrations at top and bottom.
: This stamp was used on both regular mail and parcel post.
: Printed in red or violet on white tape.
: Values (£sd): {{space|4}} 0·0·0 {{space|4}} * 0·0·0
: Values (decimal): {{space|3}} 0·00

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type PO2.jpg|left|450px]]
&lt;br&gt;
'''PO2'''. Unidentified (digital), 2008 or earlier.
: Large self adhesive label with horizontal panels.
: Top panel contains &quot;New Zealand Post&quot; and postal service logo.
: Next panel contains the destination in negative lettering on a solid field.
: The third panel contains the mail class.
: The large bottom panel contains three lines of point-of-sale data:
:::::::::::::::::::::: * weight and value figures
:::::::::::::::::::::: * post office identification
:::::::::::::::::::::: * date, time, and identification number
: Printed in black that can fade to brown as the example shown.
: V/F: {{space|4}} Price: {{space|4}} $00'''.'''00 (with slashed zeros)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP PP: Special stamps used for Parcel Post&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type PP1.jpg|left|340px]]

'''PP1. Ticket Issue Machines''' (LV-12), 1950. {{space|3}}[''Exceptionally rare'']
: Box at left with “PARCEL POST” reading up.
: Value figure in box at right.
: Town name/ date in center.
: Printed on white tape imperforate at top and bottom, perforated at the sides.
: One machine in use from late May to mid August 1950.
: Values: {{space|4}} 8d, 1/-, 1/2, 1/3, 1/9, 2/-, 2/6, 2/9, 3/1, 3/3, 3/6, 4/-

'''NOTE''': A pre-production Specimen exists. It is printed on pink paper tape instead of white but otherwise look the same {{space|3}}[''One example known, dated 14 October 1949'']
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type PP2.jpg|left|320px]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''PP2. National Cash Register &quot;126&quot; ''' (11 December 1959).
: Frameless design printed on square self-adhesive labels.
: The stamp consists of three lines of text: town line above &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; at top, date and value figures at bottom.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; alone  
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. &quot;POSTAGE PAID&quot; with long dashes at the sides  {{space|3}}[$20, ''one machine only'']
: Eight machines were eventually placed into use.
: V/F: {{space|4}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;&lt;sub&gt;*&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;0&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 0&lt;sup&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:x-large;&quot;&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sup&gt; 0(½)
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

[[File:New Zealand stamp type PP3B.jpg|left|330px]]
'''PP3. Setright''' (MV), 16 August 1960.
: Similar in appearance to Type PP1 the Setright stamp has NEW ZEALAND at top below the town name.
: The vertical panel at left contains &quot;PARCEL POST / PAID&quot; rather than just PARCEL POST.
:::::::::::::::: '''A'''. Town line &quot;WELLINGTON&quot; {{space|4}} [''extremely rare, in use two weeks only, value undeterined'')]
:::::::::::::::: '''B'''. Town line &quot;KILBIRNIE&quot; {{space|3}}[$25]
: V/F : {{space|4}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;/0 {{space|5}} &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:large;&quot;&gt;0&lt;/span&gt;/'''='''
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP PV: Stamps generated only by public access, self-service, coin-operated machines&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:blue;&quot;&gt;'''NOTE''': See also Types A1, A2, A4, and A5.&lt;/span&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type PV1.jpg|left|180px]]

'''PV1. Comac''' (FV-1), 1964. {{space|3}}[$75]
: Stamp from experimental public access self-service meter.
: Large stamp with simulated perforation outer border and straight line inner border.
: “NEW ZEALAND/ POST OFFICE” at top.
: “C.P.O. CH.” (Central Post Office Christchurch) in bottom panel.
: One machine only.
: One value only: {{space|4}} 3d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type PV2.jpg|left|150px]]

'''PV2. Comac''' (FV-1), 1972. {{space|3}}[$20 on cover, $200 for a set of twelve]
: Self-service meter stamp.
: Similar to Type PV1 but much smaller.
: Bottom panel contains “C.P.O.” plus two letter abbreviation for the town where the machine was located.
: Twelve machines were in use for a short time.

::::::::: '''A'''. “AK” (Auckland)
::::::::: '''B'''. “CH” (Christchurch)
::::::::: '''C'''. “DN” (Dunedin)
::::::::: '''D'''. “HN” (Hamilton)
::::::::: '''E'''. “IN” (Invercargill)
::::::::: '''F'''. “NA” (Napier)
::::::::: '''G'''. “NN” (Nelson)
::::::::: '''H'''. “NU” (New Plymouth)
::::::::: '''I'''. “PM” (Palmerston North)
::::::::: '''J'''. “TU” (Timaru)
::::::::: '''K'''. “WG” (Wanganui)
::::::::: '''L'''. “WN” (Wellington)

:::::::: One value only: {{space|4}} 5c
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

== &lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;GROUP OO: Special stamps used for official government mail&lt;/span&gt; ==
&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:blue;&quot;&gt;These stamps were used until the 1930s (or possibly later). More recent Official meter stamps are indistinguishable from regular business meter stamps and can be identified only by the return address.&lt;/span&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO1.jpg|left|240px]]
[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO1aa.jpg|right|125px]]

'''OO1. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1907.
: As Type A8 but with department name at top, and without meter number.
: Normally printed in black.
:::::::::::: '''A'''. “TAXES” at top, “A” below value figure. {{space|4}} Value: 1d {{space|3}}[$500]

:::::::::::: '''B'''. “TOURIST” at top, “A” below value figure.
::::::::::::: Value: {{space|4}} 1d {{space|3}}[$600]
::::::::::::: Value: {{space|4}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$1000]

:::::::::::: '''C'''. “ADVANCES” at top, &quot;B&quot; below value figure. {{space|3}}[$750]

:::::::::::: '''a'''. Printed in red or green {{space|4}} [Add $400]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO2A.jpg|left|137px]]

'''OO2. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1910.
: As Type B1A but with departmental name in diagonal panel.
: “POSTAGE / PAID” at top left.
:::::::: '''A'''. “MARINE” with “A” above value figure. {{space|4}} Values: ½d, 1d {{space|3}}[$250]

:::::::: '''B'''. “P.T. CHCH.”
:::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 6d {{space|3}}[$250]
:::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} ONE SHILLING {{space|3}}[$500]

:::::::: '''C'''. “P.T. AUCK.” {{space|3}}[$500]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO3.jpg|left|267px]]

'''OO3. AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1910.
: As Type OO2 but with “OFFICIAL/ PAID/ N.Z.” at top left.
: “•P. &amp; S. DEPT.” in diagonal panel.
:::::::::::::: '''A'''. Printed in black {{space|3}}[$250]
:::::::::::::: '''B'''. Printed in red {{space|3}}[$500]
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} 6d, 1/- {{space|3}}[Add $150]

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO4.jpg|left|385px]]

'''OO4. 1915, AFM (Moss) model “C” ''' (FV-5), 1915.
: As Type B2 but with departmental name in place of town name.
: Printed in black.
::::::::::::::::::: '''A'''. “MARINE. A”, meter number nil {{space|3}}[$150]
::::::::::::::::::: '''B'''. “P&amp;S DEPT”, meter number nil {{space|3}}[$250]
::::::::::::::::::: '''C'''. “P.T. CHCH•”, meter number nil {{space|3}}[$250]
::::::::::::::::::: '''D'''. “P.T.W.” Meter number 33 {{space|3}}[$150]
::::::::::::::::::: '''E'''. “TAXES” and “A” {{space|4}} [''Reported but not verified'']
::::::::::::::::: Value: {{space|4}} 1½d

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[[File:New Zealand stamp type OO5.jpg|left|270px]]

'''OO5. AFM (Moss) models “D” ''' and''' “E” ''' (FV-5), 1918.
: As Type B3 but with department name at bottom and town name abbreviation or “A” in center circle.
: Known printed in black, maroon, dull red and pink.
: Listed below are verified department names. Others possibly exist.
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} ½d, 1d, 1½d {{space|3}}[$10]
:::::::::::: Value: {{space|5}} 6d {{space|3}}[$20]
:::::::::::: Values: {{space|4}} 3d, 1/- {{space|3}}[$50]

:'''NOTE''': The 2d value may exist.
&lt;br&gt;
:::{|
| ADVCES TO SETTLERS (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| AGRICULTURE (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| BASE REC (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| BOARD OF TRADE (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, WN)
|-
| C. &amp; S. (WN)
| C &amp; S (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| COAL CONTROL DEPT (?)
| COAL DEPOT OFF. (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| COLLR OF CUSTOMS (AUK)
| COMMN CROWN LANDS (AUK, CHCH, DUNEDIN)
|-
| COMM OF PENSIONS (WELL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| CUSTOM-HOUSE (WN)
|-
| CUSTOMS (WN, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, nil)
| DEFENCE DEPT (AUK, DUNEDN, DDN)
|-
| DEFENCE HEADQTRS (PALMN/NORTH) {{space|5}}
| DEF. DEP. MILTY SUP. BR (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;) 
|-
| DEPT INTERN AFFRS (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| DIS. HEALTH OFF. AK (AUK)
|-
| DIS. HEALTH OFF. WN (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| DEPT OF MINES (WN, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| DEPT PUB. TRUST (WHG)
| DEPT PUB. TRUSTEE (AUK)
|-
| DEPT P. WORKS (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| D. O. AGRIC (CH)
|-
| EDUCATION BOARD (WN)
| EDUCATION DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| FORESTRY DEPT (WN)
| GHQ DEFENCE (WN)
|-
| GOV. IMG. DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| GOVT INSCE (A, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| H. OFF. DEFENCE DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| HEALTH (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| HEALTH CHCH (CHCH)
| IMPSUPPLY (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, nil)
|-
| LABOUR DEPT, WELL (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| MARINE &amp; INSPN/MACHINERY DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| NAT PRO F.S. DEPT (AK)
| NATIVE DEPT (WG)
|-
| ORD. DEPT (TRN)
| PENSIONS DEPT (AK, WN)
|-
| PNTG &amp; STATY DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| PRNTG &amp; STATY DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| PUB. HEALTH (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| P. TRUST DEPT, DDN (DDN, SLD)
|-
| P. TRUST DEPT., WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt; (A)
| PUB. TRUST. LOC. DEPT (CHCH)
|-
| PUBLIC TRUSTEE (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, WN)
| PUBLIC WORKS (WN, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
| RAILWAYS (WN, 1)
| STAMPS (WN)
|-
| STATE ADVANCES (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
| STATE COAL MINES (GRAYMH)
|-
| TAXES DEPT WELL (A, WN)
| TOURIST DEPT WELL (A)
|-
| TREASY DEPT (CHCH, WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;, nil)
| UNDR SECY LANDS DEPT (WEL&lt;sup&gt;TN&lt;/sup&gt;)
|}
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:green;&quot;&gt;Return to main catalog →&lt;/span&gt; &lt;u&gt;[[../]]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:medium; color:green;&quot;&gt;Return to top →&lt;/span&gt; &lt;u&gt;[[International Postage Meter Stamp Catalog/New Zealand|New_Zealand]]&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

----

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>jyj7a2nphltetsu5ccbk1lqrf3bat76</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Danielravennest/SFP/Notebook</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>285950</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679030</id>
      <parentid>4646628</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:34:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Danielravennest</username>
        <id>13526</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>change font</comment>
      <origin>4679030</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14088" sha1="nd44x3c5r67whj5pab21u56zxk95vhb" xml:space="preserve">{{DISPLAYTITLE:&lt;span style=&quot;display:block;text-align:center;font-size:150%;background:#d0f0f0;line-height:2em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;face=Georgia&quot;&gt;The Seed Factory Project&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;}}


[[File:Seed_Factory_Project_Brand.png|left|200px]]


:::&lt;span style=&quot;display:block;text-align:left;font-size:150%;background:#e8e8ff;line-height:2.5em;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;'''Project Overview'''&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;


&lt;div style=&quot;font-size:125%; font-family:'Georgia', serif;&quot;&gt;

&lt;div class=&quot;nonumtoc&quot;&gt;{{TOCright}}&lt;/div&gt;

==&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: x-large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.0 - Introduction&lt;/span&gt;==
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;The '''Seed Factory Project''' is an open-source collaboration to develop the concepts, technologies, and working examples of automated self-expanding production systems.  A Seed Factory bootstraps itself from a starter set of core machines.  It grows to any size you need by making parts, materials, and entire new machines.  The machines can be copies of the starter set, larger versions, or different ones that enable new products.  Design files and instructions are supplied for guiding the production process.  

&amp;emsp;We want to enable a sustainable 21st century civilization with a high quality of life.  Our approach to this is using high levels of automation and renewable energy, integrated waste flows and recycling, and using local resources and production to minimize transportation needs.  We also want to enable economic resilience in the face of coming automation replacing many jobs.  Early generation factories are intended for communities of owner-operators, who build the equipment and use the products they make themselves.  This makes them self-supporting despite a shortage of paid employment, and without the need for massive income transfer programs.

&amp;emsp;With people's basic needs taken care of, later generation systems can grow to industrial scale.  These larger units are &quot;grown&quot; from smaller starter kits or previous generation equipment.  They should therefore be cheaper to build than conventional factories.  In the longer term, the technology will enable living in more difficult environments, and eventually beyond the Earth.  It does this by minimizing the equipment to get started, and using local raw materials and energy to make what is needed.  The general idea of a starter set which grows in capacity by making more equipment for itself, is universal.  The detailed processes and products, however, will be different for each application and environment.

&amp;emsp;We think that modern computers, networking, automation, robotics, software, and sensors have reached the point that this kind of self-expanding system is possible.  We also think that such factories can mostly use locally available raw materials and renewable energy, and recycle many waste products.  The combination of a small starter kit, less need for outside supplies, and high levels of automation should make such factories sustainable and low cost to operate.  The apparent feasibility and advantages are the motivation for this project.  What our project hopes to prove is these advantages are real by building actual examples.


===&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.1 - Seed Factories&lt;/span&gt;===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;Biological seeds grow into larger organisms using local matter and energy, and eventually produce copies of the original seeds.  A '''Seed Factory''' is a new kind of production system intentionally designed to grow in a similar way.  It begins with a small starter set (the seed), expands to a mature factory, then eventually makes copies of the starter set.  Like any factory, the point of building it is to produce useful products as outputs.  But in additions it self-expands by making some items for internal use.  The expansion uses a combination of three methods:

:* Replication - making copies of its own parts
:* Diversification - making parts for new and different equipment
:* Scaling - making parts for larger versions of existing equipment

&amp;emsp;We refer to it as a factory rather than a single machine because a number of different materials and production processes are needed.  These are best carried out by separate machines that are optimized for what they do.  For a useful level of outputs, the final set of equipment is also closer to commercial building size than home garage or desktop size, so &quot;factory&quot; is a more appropriate description.  The starter set, however, can be much smaller, just like a plant seed is much smaller than the mature plant it grows into.  

&amp;emsp;Traditional factories had to house all the equipment and people in one place, because it was the only way to coordinate the work.  With modern computers, networks, and software this is no longer required.  We can coordinate machines in different places, and people can operate them remotely.  So when we refer to a &quot;factory&quot; in this project, its parts may still be located in one place for efficiency, but they don't have to be - they may be partly or entirely distributed.  What's important in the concept of a factory is that the equipment and people work together on a regular basis, and make a desired set of products, not their physical locations.  

&amp;emsp;Seed factories are designed to operate as an integrated whole.  Combining multiple production steps in one system allows more automation and reduced overhead, compared to conventional specialized factories.  Integrated process flows can also use wastes from one step as inputs to others, increasing overall efficiency.  The fully-grown factories are intended to have high levels of automation and the ability to make finished equipment items.  The starter sets, however, will not be as capable.  They will require more inputs of labor, parts, and materials to start the growth process.  As they grow, and expand their equipment set, they can gradually become more automated and capable of a higher percentage of self-production.  


===&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.2 - Project Background&lt;/span&gt;===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;NASA first studied the idea of seed factories in 1980.  It was part of a general look at future automation for space projects.  However, the computer and communications technology of the time was much too slow to run such a factory, and automation software was in its infancy.  So the idea was set aside by NASA.  In 2012 an aerospace engineer, Dani Eder, was reviewing their study report: '''[http://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19830007077.pdf Advanced Automation for Space Missions]''' while working on a modern space systems engineering textbook: '''[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Space_Transport_and_Engineering_Methods Space Transport and Engineering Methods]'''.  Past textbooks cover how to design rockets and satellites, but not future projects like asteroid mining or surface bases.  Ways to build local production would be useful for such future projects, because they reduce what needs to be brought from Earth.  He noticed that vast progress had been made in the past 30 years in the relevant fields.  An idea that was set aside in 1980, because it was too hard at the time, might now be feasible.  

&amp;emsp;Space is NASA's main job, so they never considered applying the idea of seed factories to Earth.  As Eder started working on the idea, it quickly became obvious that if it could work in space, it should also work on Earth - the laws of nature and available technology are the same.  Space projects need things like rocket factories, launch sites, and control centers.  Seed factories could provide more efficient production and construction of these ground facilities.  But more generally, there is a much greater need for improved manufacturing on Earth, both in developed and undeveloped regions.  So logically, the first designs should be for today's earthly needs.  Future space factories can come afterwards, when enough experience and production capacity are available to support them.  The current Seed Factory Project follows this &quot;Earth first&quot; plan.


&amp;emsp;'''Tool Replication and Growth''' - Our ancestors have used tools to make more tools since the development of sharpened stones and controlled fire in the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age).  The whole of our technological civilization has been built up from simpler elements over time.  Developing nations since the Industrial Revolution have used the virtuous loop of coal, steel, and steam to increase quantities of all three, and spin off other products powered by them.  So in this sense the concept of a growing industrial capacity that makes more of itself is not new.  As a continuation of this historical process we plan to start with existing tools and machines to build the first seed factory elements.  We would then use both the existing and new equipment to demonstrate further growth.

&amp;emsp;In comparison to general current manufacturing, the new aspects to our project include:

:* Treating production equipment and end users as an integrated system.
:* Designing the elements so they can grow in a planned sequence from a small starter set.
:* Basing them on widely available and sustainable material and energy resources.
:* Using modern automation and robotics to make them highly productive.


===&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.3 - Project Rationale&lt;/span&gt;===
&amp;emsp;

In proposing or promoting any project, a number of questions naturally arise.  In this section we will try to answer the more obvious ones.


:* '''If this is such a good idea, why has it not been done before?'''

&amp;emsp;Part of the reason is that until recently computers and automation were not up to the task.  Another is that our capitalist system has tended to separate production into specialized factories for reasons of economies of scale.  The oil refinery is separate from the steel mill, which is separate from the auto plant.  Because they are separate, you can't easily optimize the pieces to work together or automate the transfer of parts and materials between them.  Finally, partial versions of seed factories do, in fact, exist.  Some builders of automated machine tools use their own products to make more of the same machines they sell, and some robot makers use the same robots in their factories to make more robots.  Historically, the blacksmith made tools for the miner and carpenter, who in turn supplied him with ore and coal, and built the smith's workshop.  So production networks have existed for a long time.  What's new is we can now automate most of the work, and cheap electronics is making automation affordable for individuals and small groups.


:* '''Why do this project, and not something else?'''

&amp;emsp;There are a number of technical, economic, and social reasons:


&amp;emsp;(1) Current industrial and social organization has deficiencies that self-owned, community-oriented, flexible production can address.  Current business models rely on large, specialized factories, in diverse locations, under separate ownership from each other and their employees, with maximizing profit as the primary motivation.  This business model creates the following issues:

:* Large, specialized factories tie up a lot of capital in their construction, and do not respond well when technology or markets change.  If the factory becomes uneconomic, it can have a disproportionate impact on a local community.  Although economies of scale can apply to mass production, there are dis-economies to having a pyramid of highly paid management and the slower reaction time of a large organization.

:* The diversity of locations imposes long shipping distances for raw materials and finished products.  This consumes energy, takes time, and requires multiple handling at each end of the shipping routes to load and unload.  Physical separation makes it more difficult to automate tasks, or integrate flows between operations to gain efficiency.

:* The separation of suppliers and customers, and owners and employees, tends to make them &quot;other entities&quot; to be taken advantage of, rather than collaborating for mutual gain.  Thus the incentives for the owners are to reduce or eliminate wages in order to keep more for themselves, leading to job insecurity for the people who were doing the actual work.  When customers are separate from suppliers, the incentive is to make the item as cheaply as possible, for more profit, and not last long, for repeat sales.  When the producer is also the user, the incentives are different - to make it right the first time so as not to have to replace or repair it so often.  

:* Profit is well known to be a strong motivator, but the modern world is more complex, and other factors are more important than in the past.  The single-purpose corporate model of profit above all else is ill-suited to the modern environment.  Considered as corporate entities, they must be forced to behave towards other goals against their basic nature.  This creates inefficiencies in compliance overhead and inevitable attempts to avoid meeting societal goals.  It would be better if goals besides profit were designed into the structure of an organization in the first place.


&amp;emsp;(2) Seed factories can address a number of the problems of our current civilization.  Many people are still poor and live in undeveloped conditions.  The potential for rapid self-replication and expansion can supply things people need quickly and at lower cost than other approaches.  Even in developed areas, many people's jobs are insecure, and they work because they must, rather than out of preference.  Self-ownership and automation can address these problems.


===&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: large; face=Georgia&quot;&gt;0.4 - Project Methods&lt;/span&gt;===
&amp;emsp;

&amp;emsp;Self-expanding production systems of the type described above are new.  Fortunately we don't have to start from scratch, or do everything at once.  We can bootstrap the project itself from a small starter set of people and equipment.  The necessary fields of information technology and industrial automation already have extensive backgrounds that we can build on.</text>
      <sha1>nd44x3c5r67whj5pab21u56zxk95vhb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chipmunk Basic pocketManual</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>291809</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679047</id>
      <parentid>4583727</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T16:28:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57609-83</username>
        <id>3629827</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* asc */</comment>
      <origin>4679047</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28402" sha1="7s2pntybu17wpiq5hxwyk0sn5lgnni5" xml:space="preserve">{{TOC right}}
'''Chipmunk Basic pocketManual''' as supplied to freeware interpreter for [[BASIC Programming|Basic programming]] language called Chipmunk Basic (release 3 version 6 update 6 patch 0) for Mac OS X (''Snow Leopard'') or newer by [[:d:Q67080482|Ron H Nicholson]]. Some statements work only in the GUI-version, other via the command line interface or both. Most commands and statements should work more or less the same under other supported platforms like Linux or Microsoft Windows. It's no obligation to start statements with a line number if you write them using an advanced syntax-checking editor like TextWrangler for OS X or Notepad++ on Windows. See [[#Downloads|downloads]] near the bottom of this page.&lt;br /&gt;The built-in help system is extremely limited, but since this an open project it might be expanded any moment in time. Some sections&amp;amp;paragraphs of this concept book cover parts of the complete reference as well.&lt;br /&gt;Please try studying the [[#Further_reading|Chipmunk Basic man page and README]] file or the author's site.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/basic/ Chipmunk Basic ]  by Ron Nicholson - homePage with general info and links concerning other dialects of Basic as well&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;For a quick start read following main sections first in this order while sections are mainly alphabetic for reader's convenience:
; [[#commands|commands]] [[#statements|statements]] [[#functions|functions]] [[#operators|operators]] [[#files|files]] [[#graphics|graphics]]    [[#sound|sound]]  [[#objects|objects]]  [[#special|special]]
&lt;!-- ; These are just hints I've not been able to test them, perhaps my refman is outdated? User:ZeaForUs
== advanced-features ==
: x  = macfunction(&quot;launch&quot;, &quot;Safari&quot;)
: 
: call &quot;setfiletype&quot;, &quot;TEXT&quot;
: x = macfunction(&quot;keydown&quot;, key_code)          ' Is this key down? 
:getenv$( [[#String|String]][[#Val|Value]] ) gives the content of an environment variable of which you supply as a parameter
:: 
:sys( [[#String|String]][[#Val|Value]] ) performs OS-command on [[#ULM|Unix, Linux or Mac OSX]] and shows exit status.
:system$( [[#String|String]][[#Val|Value]] ) is a way tp get a line as result of a shell command. --&gt;

== commands ==
;basic 
* At the prompt of your operating system can be typed '''basic ''' optionally  followed by the path and/or filename to start a(n existing)  Basic program showing its own prompt by default &amp;gt;  
* Program names should have a ''.bas'' extension  to appear in the ''Open'' dialog box.
* see also - [[#statements|statements]]  [[#files|files]]
=== bye ===
* see [[#exit|exit]]
===  clear ===
;clear
* All [[#Var|variables]] are cleared and if appropriate (in case of ''tables'' and the like) deallocated. Not to be confused with the statement ''[[#cls|cls]]'' to wipe the characters and pictures off your computer's screen and have your cursor in the upper left corner.

===  cont ===
;cont
* Return to the address after the one where a [[#stop|stop]] or error occurred.
=== del ===
;del [[#LineNum|FromLine]] { - [[#LineNum|ToLine]] }
* Remove a (sequence of) line(s) from the current progfile e.g. del 40-90 to get rid of lines numbered 40 thru 90.

=== edit ===
;edit [[#LineNum|LineNumber]]
* Built-in editor works with a few vi-like commands on a line (undo erroneous changes via ctrl+c).
:i =&gt; insert till key
:x =&gt; delete one char
:A =&gt; append to end of line

===  exit ===
;bye or
;exit or
;quit
* Quit interpreting and return to level where you came from. Open files are supposed to be closed after one of these commands.
=== list ===
;list { { [[#LineNum|from#]] } { - [[#LineNum|to#} }
* All parameters are optional listing line(s) of the current prog on screen
: none =&gt; entire program of course only option if no line has numbers
: only from# =&gt; from till last
: only - to# =&gt; from first till to#
: both =&gt; from from# till to#

=== load ===
; load [[#String|String]][[#Expr]]
* Moves a stored file with name resulting from above expression to memory so it can be [[#run|executed]] by the interpreter. 
* Notes: lines starting with a # are treated as comments. [[#LineNum|Lines numbered]] up to 2147483647 (2&lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt; - 1) are valid.
=== merge ===
;merge [[#String|Prog]][[#Expr|File]]
* ProgFile is merged with the program in memory. Lines with the same number are replaced, non-existing ones are added so a merged program can be executed and if you wish [[save]]d.

===  new ===
;new
* clears all variables, closes all files and gives memory borrowed by the program back to the operating system.
=== quit ===
* see [[#exit|exit]]
===  renum ===
;renum [[#String|ProgFile]] { {start}, {increment}, {low_limit} , {high_limit} }
* Renumber current or ProgFile if supplied. All [[#LineNum|linenumber-parameters]] are optional. Default is 10,10,1 with result 10,20,30...
* With low_limits and high_limit it's possible to renumber only a part of the file.All referring go*-statements (within limits) will change.

===  run ===
;run {[[#String|ProgFile]]) , {[[#LineNum|StartLine]]}
* Execution of in memory present or named program from the first or supplied line on.
=== save ===
;save ([[#String|ProgFile]])
* Store in RAM residing program on a disk

== constants ==
; A constant can be a literal text between double quotes (&quot;), a number following IEEE double format rules or one of the following:
=== true ===
Not zero (&lt;&gt;0)

=== false ===
Zero (0)
=== pi ===
Prints 3.141593
== files ==
=== directory ===
;files                   ' Lists the current directory.
;files path$, any$       ' Sets the current dir.
;errorstatus$            ' Will return the path afterwards.

=== file ===
;open filename$ for input as #1
;open &quot;SFGetFile&quot; for input as #3
;while not eof(3) &amp;#58; input #3,a$ &amp;#58; print a$ &amp;#58; wend &amp;#58; close #3
;open &quot;SFPutFile&quot; for output as #4

=== input ===
; x = fgetbyte #3          :' Gets one byte from a file.;
; get                             :' Receives a character from console or terminal  
; input my_prompt$, y  :' Set your own prompt when asking for a number.
; input s$                      :' Prompts for an input string.
;                                    :' Puts the entire input line in s$.
; input x                        :' Input one line.  Convert to a number.
; input #3, s$                :' Input from a file (must be open first.)

=== print ===
;print &quot;hello&quot;
;print &quot;hello&quot;;                            ' Prints without a carriage return or line feed.
;print 1+2
;print #4,s$                              ' Prints to a file (must be open first.);
;print [[#format$|format$]](x, &quot;$###.##&quot;)     ' Prints a formatted amount.
;print { # FNUM, } using STRINGVAL ; VAR { [ , | ; ] VAR ... } 'similar to above format
;gotoxy x,y                               ' Position cursor in console window. (0 origin)
;print fre                                   ' special variable in GUI (graph user int) version
:20971520             ' 0 in case you use CLI (command line interface) 
:                             ' as always: YMMV (your mileage may vary)

=== serial-ports ===
;open &quot;COM1&lt;nowiki&gt;:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; for input as #3                                   ' Requires CTB Serial Tool.
;open &quot;COM1&lt;nowiki&gt;:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&quot; for output as #4                                 ' Open input first.
: '''if not eof(3) then i = fgetbyte(3)''''
;open &quot;COM3&lt;nowiki&gt;:&lt;/nowiki&gt; 19200&quot; for input as #5                         ' Uses the old serial driver.

*  see also - [[#directory|directory]] and [[#dim|dim]]

== functions ==
Functions are procedures to convert or format data in order to show information.
=== abs ===
abs removes the sign of a number. Ex abs(-1234)=1234

=== acos ===
=== asc ===
asc(A$) shows the ASCII# of character A$. Reverse of [[#chr$|chr$]].

=== asin ===
=== atn ===
=== chr$ ===
: chr$(n) shows the ASCII-char with number n. Reverse of [[#asc|asc]]. There is a difference in the terminal version with the GUI on Mac OSX {3.6.6(b0)} if n&gt;127 (i.e. DEL)&lt;br /&gt;See [[#Examples|XFA01]] for an example of how to use this function.

=== cos ===
=== cosh ===
=== exp ===

=== field$ ===
;field$(my_str$, word_num)       ' Chops words out of a sentence.
;field$(s$, n, seperator_char$)  ' Space is seperator default.

=== floor ===
=== format$ ===
;format$( [[#VAL|Value]] , [[#String|String]][[#Expr|Expression]] )
:Returns the string representation of Value formatted according to the format StringExpression. The format of the latter is the same formatting syntax as the '''[[#print|print]] using''' statement.

=== inkey$ ===
;a$ = inkey$     ' Polls for keyboard input.  Non-blocking.

=== input$ ===
=== int ===
=== isarray ===
=== lcase$ ===
=== left$ ===
=== len ===
=== log ===
=== log10 ===
=== mid$ ===
=== right$ ===
=== rnd ===
=== sgn ===
=== sin ===
=== sinh ===
=== sqr ===
=== str$ ===

This function is used to convert a number to a string, for example: ''print &quot;this is my number:&quot;+str$(123+2)'' , prints: ''this is my number:125'' . In previous example, mixing string with integer will produce a ''Type mismatch error''.

A more interesting example, in a Unix based machine (like Mac OS), for using ls, awk,  str$ and system$ for listing the first 3 files in folder ''/Users/nmm/Desktop/'':

10 FOR n=1 TO 3

20   PRINT system$(&quot;ls /Users/nmm/Desktop| awk '(NR==&quot;+str$(n)+&quot;)&quot;)

30 NEXT n

=== tan ===
=== tanh ===
=== ubound ===
=== ucase$ ===
=== val ===
* see also - [[#files|files]]

== graphics ==
=== colors ===
;graphics color r,g,b                                         ' red, green, blue values (range 0-100)
;graphics color 100,100,100                            ' white
;graphics color 100,  0,  0                                ' red
=== drawing ===
;moveto x,y              ' This sets the starting point.
;lineto x,y              ' Draw a line to this end point.;
;pset x,y                ' Draw one dot.
;graphics circle r
;graphics rect x1,y1, x2,y2      ' Draws a rectangle.
;graphics fillrect x1,y1, x2,y2  ' also filloval for ovals
* see also -  [[#colors|colors]] [[#sprites|sprites]]  [[#pictures|pictures]] [[#graphics-window|graphics-window]]

=== graphics-functions ===
; botton_down = mouse(0)
; current_x   = mouse(1) :   current_y = mouse(2)
; last_click_x = mouse(3)

=== graphics-window ===
; graphics 0                             ' This makes the window appear.
;                                              ' Also refreshes graphics.
; graphics window w,h             ' Changes the size.
; graphics window x,y, w,h       ' Moves it.
; graphics -1                            ' Hides the graphics window.
; graphics drawtext s$              ' Draws text.
* see also -  [[#colors|colors]] [[#sprites|sprites]] [[#drawing|drawing]]

=== pictures ===
;graphics pict x, y, filename$   ' Displays a PICT file.
;call &quot;savepicture&quot;, fname$       ' Saves a PICT file.

=== sprites ===
;down                         ' Create your own sprites with ResEdit.
;pendown
;penup 
;sprite 1, 100,50, 128 ' Draws sprite #1 at (100,50)
;sprite n, x,y, rsrc_id   ' Sprites are ICN# icon images. built in sprite rsrc_id's are 128 to 142
;sprite n forward x       ' Moves sprite #n x pixels.
;sprite n turn d             ' Turns heading CCW d degrees.
;turnleft 
;turnright 
;up

=== user-interface ===
;a$ = inputbox(&quot;prompt&quot;, &quot;title&quot;, &quot;default&quot;, 0)    ' Puts up a dialog box and ask for input.
;graphics button title$, x,y,w,h,asc(&quot;t&quot;)             ' Puts up a button that enters the letter &quot;t&quot;.
;graphics button &quot;&quot;,-1                                      ' Clears all buttons.
* see also - [[#graphics-window|graphics-window]]

== objects ==
;OOP - Object Oriented Programming  -  Just some syntax hints here -
:class my_class [ extends super_class_name ]
: {public|private} x as {integer|double|string}
:  ...                                              ' Etc.
: sub member_function_name()    ' Define public member function.
:    this.x = ...
:    member_function_name = return_value
: end sub
:end class                                    ' End class definition
;dim a as new my_class               ' Create an instance.
;a.member_function_name()        ' Call member function.  
== operators ==
=== Arithmetic ===
;+
With numerics adding numbers ''print 4 + 2'' shows ''6''&lt;br /&gt; 
When used with [[#String|strings]] plus means concatenation 
:NamF$=&quot;Jimmy &quot; &amp;#58; NamL$=&quot;Wales&quot; &amp;#58; print NamF$ + NamL$
:Result is ''Jimmy Wales''   
;-
Subtract. ''print 6 - 4'' results to ''2''
;*
Multiply. ''print 4 * 2'' results to ''8'' 
;/
Divide. ''print 8 / 2'' will return ''4''  
;^
Exponent. ''print 2 ˆ 3'' gives you ''8''
;mod
Modulo i.e. calculate remainder after dividing left by right ''7 mod 2'' = ''1''  
=== Boolean algebra ===
;and
Bitwise unset. ''15 (=1111) and 5 (=0101)'' makes 5
;or
Bitwise set (inclusive). ''5 or 2 (0010)'' = ''7 (0111)''  
;xor
like [[#or|or]], but exclusive. ''15 xor 6 (0110)'' = ''9 (1001)'' 
=== Comparison ===
;not
negative in comparing variables or constants.
: ''if not fre then print &quot;via CLI&quot; else print &quot;GUI&quot; &amp;#58; endif''
;&gt;
Test if the left's value is greater than right one.
: ''if fre &gt; 32767 then print &quot;Available memory should be enough for normal use&quot; '' 
;&lt; 
: ''if Age% &lt; 18 then print &quot;Permission to marry from your parents necessary&quot; ''
;&gt;=
: ''if Speed &gt;=50.1 then print &quot;Risk for a speeding ticket in this city exists&quot; ''
;&lt;=
: ''if dat_brn% &lt;= 1995 then print &quot;Next year you may vote, perhaps earlier&quot; ''  
;&lt;&gt; 
Test if the left's value is unequal to right one.
: ''if left$(namf$,5) &lt;&gt; &quot;Admin&quot; then print &quot;Welcome, guest&quot; ''
;=
Assign a value to a variable or test for equality when comparing fields
: ''Xmas$=&quot;Dec25-26&quot; ''
: ''if mo% = 7 or mo% = 8 then print &quot;It's certainly summer on northern hemisphere&quot; ''
* see also - [[#constants|constants]] [[#Var|variables]]

== sound ==
;sound 800, 0.5, 50                                                    ' Play a sound for half a sec.
;sound freq,dur,vol                                                     ' Hz, seconds, vol [0 to 100]
;sound 0, rsrc_id                                                         ' Plays a snd resource.
;sound -2,voice,key,velocity,seconds [,channel]          ' sound -2 requires Quicktime 2.1 Midi

=== morse-code ===
; morse &quot;cq de n6ywu&quot;
; morse my_string$,20,40,13,700  ' dots,vol,wpm,Hz

=== speech ===
;say &quot;hello&quot;             : ' requires Speech Manager extension
;say my_string$, 196, 44, 1      : ' rate, pitch, voice
;say                     : ' reads out the console window
;print macfunction(&quot;numSpeakers&quot;)
;print macfunction(&quot;getSpeaker&quot;)  :' current voices name

== special ==
; Mac specific functions:
:date$  time$  timer  doevents
;call &quot;wait&quot;, 1          ' Waits one second.
;fre                        ' free memory in application heap
*  see also - [[#user-interface|user-interface]]  [[#advanced-features|advanced-features]]  [[#version|version]]

== statements ==
=== cls ===
Clears the screen.
;cls &amp;#58; print &quot;Welcome to Chipmunk Basic&quot;
=== data ===
Enter some static integers, real numbers and/or text (between double quotes (&quot;) to fill array(s), variables etc.
;data ...{,...}* &amp;#58; read ... &amp;#58; restore ...
:rem on a farm there are animals with a type name, number in house or in a cage, stable etc.
:dim t%(3) &amp;#58; data &quot;|7|15|15|(END)&quot;,&quot;animals|5|3&quot;,&quot;cat|3|0&quot;,&quot;dog|1|1&quot;
:data &quot;horse|0|0&quot;,&quot;rabbit|0|2&quot;,&quot;chicken|0|9&quot;,&quot;(END)|15|15&quot;
:read a$ &amp;#58; s$=left$(a$,1) &amp;#58; d%=len(field$( a$, -1, s$ )) &amp;#58; g$=right$(a$,len(a$)-1) &amp;#58; e$=field$( g$, d%, s$ )  &amp;#58; d%=1
: while d% &lt; len(field$( a$, -1, s$ ))  
: &amp;nbsp; t%(d%-1)=val(field$( g$, d%, s$ )) &amp;#58; d%=d%+1 
: wend 
: for f%=3 to 7 &amp;#58; if field$( a$, f% - 2, s$ ) = e$ then exit for &amp;#58; end if
:dim r$(3) &amp;#58; dim q$(t%(0),t%(1),t%(2)) &amp;#58;rem schema and table 
: for f% = 0 to 3 &amp;#58; read r$(f%) &amp;#58; if r$(f%) = e$ then exit for &amp;#58; end if &amp;#58; next f% &amp;#58; m% = f% - 1
:
* see also -  [[#objects|objects]] [[#files|files]]  [[#input|input]]  [[#print|print]]

=== degrees ===
;see [[#radians|radians]]
=== dim ===
;dim ... &amp;#58; erase ...
:Special case is define a database in [[:w:en:dbm|SDBM]]-format.
:dim DBSTRINGVAR as dbm$( STRINGEXPR )
::Open a sdbm database file using the filename contained in STRINGEXPR.  Creates a database if one doesn't exist.
::This database can be accessed by using or storing to the array string variable named by DBSTRINGVAR ( STRINGKEY ).
::Example&amp;#58; mydb$(key$) = somevalstr$; &amp;#58; print mydb$(key$)
:close DBSTRINGVAR
::Close a sdbm database file if one using that variable name is open.

=== end ===
;end
* optional statement to show explicitly the logical end of program file

=== for ===
;for ...=... to ... step ...  next ...
=== gosub ===
;gosub ... return
* see also - [[#sub|sub]] [[#subroutines|subroutines]]
=== goto ===
;goto ...
=== if ===
;if ... then ... else ... endif 
=== let ===
;{let} ...=...
* documentary or for compatibility reasons since it's implied if the first word is a [[#Var|variable]] definition
=== peek ===
;peek( addr { , size_val } )
:Shows content of 1 byte or more depending on ''size_val'' (2,4 or 8) at MemoryLocation ''addr''. To change: [[#poke|poke]]
=== poke ===
;poke ADDR_EXPR, DATA_EXPR { , SIZE_VAL }
:Change content of addressed locations (see [[#peek|peek]])

=== radians ===
;radians &amp;#58; degrees
* interpreter directive what units to use for trigonometric [[#functions|functions]] like  cos, sin, tan etcetera
=== rem ===
;rem
=== select ===
;select case
=== stop ===
:'''stop''' causes a break that can be useful e.g. to make changes in the application, debugging, [[#quit|aborting]] or just [[#cont|continue]].

=== sub ===
;sub ... &amp;#58; end sub
=== while ===
;while ...{=...} wend &amp;#58; exit while

== subroutines ==
=== end sub ===
;See [[#sub|sub]]
=== gosub [[#LineNum|line_num]] ===
:Execute one or more numbered lines somewhere else in current program
; 10 print &quot;Power(s) of two&quot; :  gosub 50 : print &quot;Ok&quot; : end   
; 50 print &quot;To quit type number &lt;0 or &gt;8&quot; : input &quot;FromExp&quot;,n% : if n%&lt;0 then return
; 90 m%=2 : for e%=n% to n%+7 : s% =m% ^ e% : : if s%&gt;32767 then return
=== return ===
;See [[#gosub|gosub]]
=== sub ===
:Perform a named subroutine or custom call including parameter(s)
; sub mumble(param1, param2)       ' Define sub with 2 params.
;  mumble = 7 + param1                 ' set return value
; end sub
;x = mumble(1)   ' Calls sub.  Extra params are set to 0.


&lt;!-- == versions ==
 '''Chipmunk BASIC'''
* (?) rhn  96Jul18  v004
 http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/cbas365b3MacOSX.dmg.gz 3.6.5b OSX 10.6 Intel 
 v3.6.6(b0) adapted for Mac OS X by [http://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=381759 Ron Nicholson] --&gt;

== Downloads ==
:[http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/hotpaw-basic/id295464266?mt=8 IOS] (HotPaw Basic 1.5.6)
;Chipmunk Basic interpreter files (version) 
=== Linux ===
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/cbas366b0-linux-x86.zip (3.6.6)] 
=== Mac ===
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/Chipmunk_Basic_368b116.dmg MacOS 10.13-14] (1.368.2116 beta)
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/Chipmunk_Basic_367b627.zip OS X 10.9-12] (1.367.2627)
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/cbas366b0MacOSX107.dmg.gz OS X 10.6+ Intel] (3.6.6) &lt;!-- Chipmunk BASIC v3.6.6(b0) --&gt;
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/cbas365b3MacOSX.dmg.gz OS X 10.5/6] (3.6.5)
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/cbas364b8MacOSX.dmg.gz OSX 10.x] (3.6.4)
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/cbas363b7MacOSClassic.hqx Classic 9] (3.6.3)

=== Raspberry Pi ===
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/cbas367b605-raspberrypi.tar.gz armv6l command-line executable + man page] (3.6.7b6 beta)

=== Windows ===
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/w32cbas365b6.zip 2000/XP/7] (3.6.5b6)
:[http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/files/w32cbas365b3.zip other] (3.6.5b3)

== Examples ==
=== External ===
* [http://anoved.net/software/chipmunk-basic/shapedraw/ Shapedraw] anoved.net, visited 3 Sep 2019
=== Internal ===
; XFAT - show table of ASCII-characters 0-127 (CLI) or 0-255 (GUI)
Output may very well be system and/or version dependant.&lt;br /&gt;Below how it looks in 3.6.6(b0) on Mac's OSX 10.6.8 aka Snow Leopard.&lt;br /&gt;
In 3.6.8(b2) for macOS 11.2 (Big Sur) it doesn't work unfortunately like this anymore; all characters from 128 to 255 show '#'.
 a-3 XFAT.bas rvup1.9.26.22 'eXample Formatted AscTable' Chipmunk BASIC v3.6.6(b0)
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;  0   1   2   3   4   5   6   7   8   9  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  30  31
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;nul soh stx etx eot enq ack bel  bs  ht  lf  vt  ff  cr  so  si dle dc1 dc2 dc4 dc4 nak syn etb can  em sub esc  fs  gs  rs  us
 0x00  01  02  03  04  05  06  07  08  09  0a  0b  0c  0d  0e  0f  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  1a  1b  1c  1d  1e  1f
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt; 32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  50  51  52  53  54  55  56  57  58  59  60  61  62  63
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;' ' '!' '&quot;' '#' '$' '%' '&amp;' &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; '(' ')' '*' '+' ',' '-' '.' '/' '0' '1' '2' '3' '4' '5' '6' '7' '8' '9' ':' ';' '&lt;' '=' '&gt;' '?'
 0x20  21  22  23  24  25  26  27  28  29  2a  2b  2c  2d  2e  2f  30  31  32  33  34  35  36  37  38  39  3a  3b  3c  3d  3e  3f
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt; 64  65  66  67  68  69  70  71  72  73  74  75  76  77  78  79  80  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89  90  91  92  93  94  95
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;'@' 'A' 'B' 'C' 'D' 'E' 'F' 'G' 'H' 'I' 'J' 'K' 'L' 'M' 'N' 'O' 'P' 'Q' 'R' 'S' 'T' 'U' 'V' 'W' 'X' 'Y' 'Z' '[' '\' ']' '^' '_'
 0x40  41  42  43  44  45  46  47  48  49  4a  4b  4c  4d  4e  4f  50  51  52  53  54  55  56  57  58  59  5a  5b  5c  5d  5e  5f
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt; 96  97  98  99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;'`' 'a' 'b' 'c' 'd' 'e' 'f' 'g' 'h' 'i' 'j' 'k' 'l' 'm' 'n' 'o' 'p' 'q' 'r' 's' 't' 'u' 'v' 'w' 'x' 'y' 'z' '{' '|' '}' '~' del
 0x60  61  62  63  64  65  66  67  68  69  6a  6b  6c  6d  6e  6f  70  71  72  73  74  75  76  77  78  79  7a  7b  7c  7d  7e  7f
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;'Ä' 'Å' 'Ç' 'É' 'Ñ' 'Ö' 'Ü' 'á' 'à' 'â' 'ä' 'ã' 'å' 'ç' 'é' 'è' 'ê' 'ë' 'í' 'ì' 'î' 'ï' 'ñ' 'ó' 'ò' 'ô' 'ö' 'õ' 'ú' 'ù' 'û' 'ü'
 0x80  81  82  83  84  85  86  87  88  89  8a  8b  8c  8d  8e  8f  90  91  92  93  94  95  96  97  98  99  9a  9b  9c  9d  9e  9f
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;'†' '°' '¢' '£' '§' '•' '¶' 'ß' '®' '©' '™' '´' '¨' '≠' 'Æ' 'Ø' '∞' '±' '≤' '≥' '¥' 'µ' '∂' '∑' '∏' 'π' '∫' 'ª' 'º' 'Ω' 'æ' 'ø'
 0xa0  a1  a2  a3  a4  a5  a6  a7  a8  a9  aa  ab  ac  ad  ae  af  b0  b1  b2  b3  b4  b5  b6  b7  b8  b9  ba  bb  bc  bd  be  bf
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;'¿' '¡' '¬' '√' 'ƒ' '≈' '∆' '«' '»' '…' ' ' 'À' 'Ã' 'Õ' 'Œ' 'œ' '–' '—' '“' '”' '‘' '’' '÷' '◊' 'ÿ' 'Ÿ' '⁄' '€' '‹' '›' 'ﬁ' 'ﬂ'
 0xc0  c1  c2  c3  c4  c5  c6  c7  c8  c9  ca  cb  cc  cd  ce  cf  d0  d1  d2  d3  d4  d5  d6  d7  d8  d9  da  db  dc  dd  de  df
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255
 &lt;nowiki&gt; &lt;/nowiki&gt;'‡' '·' '‚' '„' '‰' 'Â' 'Ê' 'Á' 'Ë' 'È' 'Í' 'Î' 'Ï' 'Ì' 'Ó' 'Ô' '' 'Ò' 'Ú' 'Û' 'Ù' 'ı' 'ˆ' '˜' '¯' '˘' '˙' '˚' '¸' '˝' '˛' 'ˇ'
 0xe0  e1  e2  e3  e4  e5  e6  e7  e8  e9  ea  eb  ec  ed  ee  ef  f0  f1  f2  f3  f4  f5  f6  f7  f8  f9  fa  fb  fc  fd  fe  ff
 done
 Break  in line 220
 &gt;list
 100 rem Clear screen - make table of control characters and show your own app+int/vsn_id &amp; first 32 codeNumbers
 110 v$ = fn version$() : g% = instr(v$,&quot;graphics&quot;) : option base 0
 120 if g% = 0 then h$ = &quot;app&quot; else h$ = &quot;a&quot;+mid$(v$,g%+8,2)
 130 cls : dim i$(32) : for j% = 0 to 32 : read i$(j%) : next j%
 140 print h$;&quot; XFAT.bas rvup1.9.26.22 'eXample Formatted AscTable' &quot;+left$(v$,instr(v$,&quot;,&quot;)-1)
 150 k% = -32 : gosub 240 : for j% = k%+32 to l%+32 : print i$(j%); : next j% : print : gosub 320
 160 rem print all codelines until del (0x7f) in a loop &amp; finish
 170 while j% &lt; 97 : gosub 310 : wend : if g% = 0 then 200
 180 rem GUI-mode when 'graphics' is found in builtin FuNct 'version$()'
 190 while j% &lt; 225 : gosub 310 : wend
 200 print &quot;done&quot;
 210 rem Break so user can decide to change, continue, list, quit, restart etc. r1: added hexadecimal codePoints
 220 stop
 230 rem SubProcedure to show characterCodes
 240 if k% = 64 then l% = k%+30 else l% = k%+31
 250  for j% = k%+32 to l%+32 : print right$(&quot;   &quot;+str$(j%),4); : next j% : if j% = 127 then print &quot; 127&quot;; : j% = j%+1
 260  print : return
 270 rem ASCII-characters contained in a line followed by a line containing their hexadecimal value
 280 for j% = k%+32 to l%+32 : print &quot; '&quot;;chr$(j%);&quot;'&quot;; : next j% : if j% = 127 then print i$(32); : j% = j%+1
 290  print : gosub 320 : return
 300 rem both codes and content
 310 k% = j%-32 : gosub 240 : gosub 280 : return
 320 for j% = k%+32 to k%+63 : if j% mod 32 = 0 then
 330  print &quot;0x&quot;;hex$(j%,2);
 340    else
 350    print &quot;  &quot;;hex$(j%,2);
 360  endif
 370 next j% : print : return
 380 rem 'database' of special chars that are making a mess of your screen if printed as is
 390 data &quot; nul&quot;,&quot; soh&quot;,&quot; stx&quot;,&quot; etx&quot;,&quot; eot&quot;,&quot; enq&quot;,&quot; ack&quot;,&quot; bel&quot;,&quot;  bs&quot;,&quot;  ht&quot;,&quot;  lf&quot;,&quot;  vt&quot;,&quot;  ff&quot;,&quot;  cr&quot;,&quot;  so&quot;,&quot;  si&quot;
 400 data &quot; dle&quot;,&quot; dc1&quot;,&quot; dc2&quot;,&quot; dc4&quot;,&quot; dc4&quot;,&quot; nak&quot;,&quot; syn&quot;,&quot; etb&quot;,&quot; can&quot;,&quot;  em&quot;,&quot; sub&quot;,&quot; esc&quot;,&quot;  fs&quot;,&quot;  gs&quot;,&quot;  rs&quot;,&quot;  us&quot;
 410 data &quot; del&quot;

== Glossary ==
=== Expr ===
; Expressions are evaluations of [[#constants|constants]], [[#Var|variables]], [[#operators|operators]] and/or [[#function|functions]]
=== Hex ===
; Hexadecimal data can be entered with either ''0x'' as prefix or ''&amp;amp;h''
:examples 0x07ff &amp;amp;h241f
=== LineNum ===
The first one to ten digits of a line within a program file can be used for some [[#statements|statements]] and the simple built-in editor. 
:Limits 1 to 2&lt;sup&gt;31&lt;/sup&gt; - 1  = 2147483647
:Lines with a number of more than nine digits are not visible on the monitor
Labels followed by a colon (&amp;#58;) may be used instead e.g.
: x=7
: foo&amp;#58; print x &amp;#58; x=x-1 &amp;#58; if x&gt;0 then goto foo&amp;#58;
=== String ===
; [[#constants|literal text]] between double quotes e.g.  &quot;ProgId42.bas&quot;, &quot;Hello, world&quot;
; [[#Var|variable]] ending with $ e.g. my_text$
=== ULM ===
; Unix, Linux and Mac OS X, three of the various supported operating systems
=== Val ===
; Value if an [[#Expr|expression]] is not accepted by the interpreter
=== Var ===
A variable name can be maximum 31 characters [letters, digits or underscores (_)] long. 
:Obsolete prefix ''fn'' used to be for &quot;def fn&quot; so to avoid downward incompatibility don't use these two bytes together in the beginning.
:If a dollar sign ($) is used at the end of a name the field holds a [[#String|string]] with a length of up to 254 bytes which is the maximum length of a program line as well
:The suffix percent (%) is interpreted as an integer between -32768 and 32767
:All other numeric variables are considered being [[Floating Point/Floating Point Formats#Double-Precision|IEEE real]].

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;
=== Further reading ===
* [http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/basic/basic.man.html Chipmunk Basic] Reference manual;
* [http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/basic/readme.cbas.html ReadMe] including examples, FAQ, history and more...
&lt;!--  * For latest developments you're welcome [http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/basic/ @cbasHomePage.]
:CrossPlatform (Where no name supplied it's Chipmunk Basic) 
        [[Category:BASIC programming language|Chipmunk]] 

 Chipmunk BASIC v3.6.6(b0)
&gt;help
Help Results:
This built-in help system is extremely limited.
Please try reading the Chipmunk Basic man page and README
file or the WWW page &lt;http://www.nicholson.com/rhn/basic/&gt;

Try entering any keywords marked by angle brackets
into the help dialog box (Type in without the angle brackets.) -
  &lt;commands&gt;  &lt;statements&gt;  &lt;functions&gt;  &lt;operators&gt;
  &lt;files&gt;  &lt;graphics&gt;  &lt;sound&gt;  &lt;objects&gt;  &lt;special&gt;
 --&gt;
{{shelves|BASIC programming language}}
{{Status|75%}}
{{Booklet}}</text>
      <sha1>7s2pntybu17wpiq5hxwyk0sn5lgnni5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Peugeot/VIN Codes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>367360</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679093</id>
      <parentid>4662518</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:55:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Allo002</username>
        <id>1086918</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Peugeot's VIN format */</comment>
      <origin>4679093</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10343" sha1="ky87sph6hopv0fu9ufcb4456pzq2l82" xml:space="preserve">{{Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Warning}}{{clear}}

== Peugeot's VIN format ==

Only for models produced in 2009 or later, also valid for Citroens

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Position
!Sample
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Description
|-
|1
|V
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[#Peugeot WMIs|WMI]]
|rowspan=2|[[#Country of origin|Country of origin]]
|-
|2
|F
|-
|3
|3
|[[#Manufacturer|Manufacturer]]
|-
|4
|8
|rowspan=&quot;6&quot;|[[#Vehicle Descriptor Section|VDS]]
|[[#Model Line|Model Line]]
|-
|5
|D
|[[#Body Type|Body Type]]
|-
|6
|R
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[#Engine Type|Engine Type]]
|-
|7
|H
|-
|8
|R
|-
|9
|H
|[[Vehicle Identification Numbers (VIN codes)/Check digit|Check Digit]]
|-
|10
|B
|rowspan=&quot;8&quot;|[[#Vehicle Identifier Section|VIS]]
|[[#Manufacturing Year (position 10)|Production Year]]
|-
|11
|L
|[[#Assembly Plant (position 11)|Manufacturing Plant Code]]
|-
|12
|0
|rowspan=6|Sequential Number
|-
|13
|6
|-
|14
|7
|-
|15
|4
|-
|16
|6
|-
|17
|2
|}

Older VIN format (before 2009)

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Position
!Sample
!colspan=&quot;2&quot;|Description
|-
|1
|V
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[#Peugeot WMIs|WMI]]
|rowspan=2|[[#Country of origin|Country of origin]]
|-
|2
|F
|-
|3
|3
|[[#Manufacturer|Manufacturer]]
|-
|4
|2
|rowspan=&quot;6&quot;|[[#Vehicle Descriptor Section|VDS]]
|[[#Model Line|Model Line]]
|-
|5
|C
|[[#Body Type|Body Type]]
|-
|6
|K
|rowspan=&quot;3&quot;|[[#Engine Type|Engine Type]]
|-
|7
|F
|-
|8
|V
|-
|9
|C
|[[#Gearbox|Gearbox and emission standard]]
|-
|10
|8
|rowspan=&quot;8&quot;|[[#Vehicle Identifier Section|VIS]]
|[[#Assembly Plant (position 10)|Manufacturing Plant Code]]
|-
|11
|0
|?
|-
|12
|4
|rowspan=6|Sequential Number
|-
|13
|7
|-
|14
|2
|-
|15
|8
|-
|16
|5
|-
|17
|3
|}

==Peugeot WMIs (positions 1-3) ==
* VF3 = Peugeot France (passenger vehicle)
* VGA = Peugeot France (motorcycle)
* VR3 = Peugeot France (passenger vehicle) (under Stellantis)
* VS8 = Peugeot Spain
* LDC = Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën (China)
* PNA = Peugeot (Naza - Malaysia)
* SDB = Peugeot UK (formerly Talbot)
* 8AD = Peugeot Argentina
* 8AE = Peugeot Argentina van
* 8GD = Peugeot Chile (Automotores Franco Chilena)
* 936 = Peugeot Brazil
* 9V8 = Peugeot Uruguay (Nordex)
* NAA = Iran Khodro

===Country of origin (positions 1-2)===
* VF = France
* VG = France
* VR = France
* VS = Spain
* L = China
* PN = Malaysia
* SD = United Kingdom
* 8A = Argentina
* 8G = Chile
* 93 = Brazil
* 9V = Uruguay
* NA = Iran

===Manufacturer (position 3)===
* 3 = Peugeot SA, France
* 6 = Peugeot Brazil
* 8 = Peugeot SA, Spain
* 8 = Peugeot made by Nordex in Uruguay
* A = Naza, Malaysia
* A = Iran Khodro, Iran
* B = Peugeot UK (formerly Talbot)
* C = Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën (China)
* D, E = Peugeot Latin America

==Vehicle Descriptor Section==
===Model Line (and Transmission '90-'92) (position 4)===
* A = Peugeot 604
* B = Peugeot 505 ('81-'89)
* B = Peugeot 505 w/5-spd. manual ('90-'92)
* C = Peugeot 504
* C = Peugeot 505 w/4-spd. automatic ('90-'92)
* D = Peugeot 405 ('89)
* D = Peugeot 405 w/5-spd. manual ('90-'92)
* E = Peugeot 405 w/4-spd. automatic ('90-'92)

* 2 = Peugeot 206
* 8 = Peugeot 406/508
* 6 = Peugeot 407
* 9 = Peugeot 308
* 4 = Peugeot 308
* B = Peugeot Expert
* C = Peugeot 208
* D = Peugeot 301
* 3 = Peugeot 307 
* 7 = Peugeot 306 / Partner
* U = Peugeot 2008
* M = Peugeot 3008

===Body Style (position 5) 1981-1989===
* A = 4-door sedan 
* D = Station wagon 
* F = Station wagon 3-row ('88-'89 SW8)
* Y = Station wagon Taxi
* Z = 4-door sedan Taxi

===Engine (position 5) 1990-1992===
* A = XU9J2 1.9-liter SOHC 8v gas 4-cyl. ('90-'92 405 DL, S) Federal emissions
* B = XU9J4 1.9-liter DOHC 16v gas 4-cyl. ('91-'92 405 Mi16) Federal emissions
* C = XU9J2 1.9-liter SOHC 8v gas 4-cyl. ('90-'92 405 DL, S) California emissions
* D = XU9J4 1.9-liter DOHC 16v gas 4-cyl. ('91-'92 405 Mi16) California emissions
* E = N9TEA 2.2-liter (2155cc) OHC turbo intercooled gas 4-cyl. w/electronically controlled wastegate ('91 505)
* F = ZDJL 2.2-liter (2165cc) OHC gas 4-cyl. ('91-'92 505)

===Engine (position 6) 1981-1989===
* 1 = XN6 2.0-liter OHV gas 4-cyl. ('81-'87 505)
* 1 = XU9J2 1.9-liter SOHC 8v gas 4-cyl. ('89 405 DL, S)
* 2 = XD2 2.3-liter OHV diesel 4-cyl. ('81-'83 505, '81-'82 504)
* 2 = XU9J4 1.9-liter DOHC 16v gas 4-cyl. ('89 405 Mi16)
* 4 = XD2S 2.3-liter OHV turbodiesel 4-cyl. ('81-'85 505, '82-'84 604)
* 5 = N9T 2.2-liter (2155cc) OHC turbo gas 4-cyl. ('85 505)
* 6 = XD3T 2.5-liter OHV turbodiesel 4-cyl. ('85-'87 505) 
* 7 = N9TE 2.2-liter (2155cc) OHC turbo intercooled gas 4-cyl. ('86-'87 505)
* 7 = N9TEA 2.2-liter (2155cc) OHC turbo intercooled gas 4-cyl. w/electronically controlled wastegate ('88-'89 505)
* 8 = ZDJL 2.2-liter (2165cc) OHC gas 4-cyl. ('87-'89 505)
* 9 = ZN3J 2.8-liter OHC gas 90° PRV V6 ('87-'89 505)

===Body Style (position 6) 1990-1992===
* B = 505 w/5-spd. manual
* C = 505 w/4-spd. automatic
* D = 405 w/5-spd. manual
* E = 405 w/4-spd. automatic

===Restraint System (position 7)===
* 1 = Active (manual) Seat Belts
* 2 = Passive fixed point Seat Belts (505)
* 3 = Passive motorized Seat Belts (405)

===Series (and Transmission '81-'89) (position 8)===
* 2 = 604 turbodiesel w/manual trans. ('84)
* 2 (w/6 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 S turbodiesel w/manual trans. ('86)
* 5 = 504 w/manual trans. ('81-'82)
* 5 = 505 (base model) w/manual trans. ('81-'83)
* 5 = 505 GL w/manual trans. ('84-'85)
* 5 (w/5 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Turbo w/manual trans. ('85)
* 5 (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GL w/manual trans. ('86)
* 5 (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GL Turbo w/manual trans. ('86)
* 6 = 505 S, STI w/manual trans. ('81-'85)
* 6 (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 S w/manual trans. ('86)
* 6 (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Turbo w/man. trans. ('86)
* 9 (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 STI w/manual trans. ('86)
* A = 505 GL wagon turbodiesel w/auto. trans. ('84-'85)
* B = 505 S wagon turbodiesel w/auto. trans. ('84-'85)
* E = 504 w/auto. trans. ('81-'82)
* E = 505 (base model) w/auto. trans. ('81-'83)
* E = 505 GL w/auto. trans. ('84-'85)
* F = 505 S, STI w/auto. trans. ('81-'85)
* F = 604 turbodiesel w/auto. trans. ('84)
* R (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 STI w/auto. trans. ('86)
* Y (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 S w/auto. trans. ('86)
* Y (w/6 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 S turbodiesel w/auto. trans. ('86)
* Y (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GL Turbo w/auto. trans. ('86)
* Z (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GL w/auto. trans. ('86)
* Z (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Turbo w/auto. trans. ('86)

* E (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Liberte w/auto. trans. ('87)
* E (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Turbo w/auto. trans. ('87) 
* E (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GL w/auto. trans. ('87)
* E (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 DL w/auto. trans. ('88-'89)
* F (w/6 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GLS turbodiesel w/auto. trans. ('87)
* F (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Turbo S w/auto. trans. ('87-'88)
* F (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Turbo w/auto. trans. ('89)
* F (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 SW8 Turbo w/auto. trans. ('89)
* F (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GLS w/auto. trans. ('87-'88)
* F (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 S w/auto. trans. ('89)
* F (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 SW8 w/auto. trans. ('88-'89)
* F (w/9 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GLX V6 w/auto. trans. ('88)
* F (w/9 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 S V6 w/auto. trans. ('89)
* J (w/9 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 STX V6 w/auto. trans. ('87-'89)
* R (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 STI w/auto. trans. ('87-'88)
* R (w/9 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 STI V6 w/auto. trans. ('87)
* 5 (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Turbo w/man. trans. ('87)
* 5 (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GL w/man. trans. ('87)
* 5 (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 DL w/man. trans. ('88-'89)
* 6 (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Turbo S w/man. trans. ('87-'88)
* 6 (w/7 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 Turbo w/man. trans. ('89)
* 6 (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GLS w/man. trans. ('87-'88)
* 6 (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 S w/man. trans. ('89)
* 6 (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 SW8 w/man. trans. ('88-'89)
* 6 (w/9 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 GLX V6 w/man. trans. ('88)
* 6 (w/9 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 S V6 w/man. trans. ('89)
* 7 (w/9 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 STX V6 w/man. trans. ('87-'89)
* 9 (w/8 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 STI w/man. trans. ('87-'88)
* 9 (w/9 in 6th position of VIN) = 505 STI V6 w/man. trans. ('87)

* A (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 405 DL w/auto. trans. ('89)
* B (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 405 S w/auto. trans. ('89)
* 1 (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 405 DL w/man. trans. ('89)
* 2 (w/1 in 6th position of VIN) = 405 S w/man. trans. ('89)
* 2 (w/2 in 6th position of VIN) = 405 Mi16 w/man. trans. ('89)

* 1 = 505 DL ('90-'92)
* 2 = 505 S ('90)
* 5 = 505 Turbo ('90)
* 7 = 505 SW8 ('90-'92)
* 8 = 505 SW8 Turbo ('90-'91)
* 1 = 405 DL ('90-'92)
* 2 = 405 S ('90-'92)
* 3 = 405 Mi16 ('90-'92)

===Assembly Plant (position 11)===
* S = Sochaux, France (All US market Peugeots were made in Sochaux)

Other plant codes (2010-)
* B = Porto Real, Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil
* E = Madrid-Villaverde, Spain
* G = El Palomar, Buenos Aires province, Argentina
* G = Gliwice, Poland (Opel plant) (Boxer)
* G = Gurun, Kedah state, Malaysia
* J = Vigo, Spain
* L = Rennes, France
* N = Mangualde, Portugal
* P = Graz, Austria (Magna Steyr plant) (RCZ)
* R = Kolin, Czech Republic (TPCA plant) (107, 108)
* T = Trnava, Slovakia
* U = Mizushima plant, Kurashiki, Okayama prefecture, Japan (Mitsubishi Motors plant) (4007, iOn)
* U = Bursa, Turkey (Tofaş plant) (Expert)
* W = Poissy, France
* Y = Mulhouse, France
* Z = Sevel Nord plant, Lieu-Saint-Amand, France (Expert/Traveller)
* Z = Okazaki plant, Okazaki, Aichi prefecture, Japan (Mitsubishi Motors plant) (4007, 4008)
* 2 = Sevel Sud plant, Atessa, Italy (Boxer)
* 3 = Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China (Shenzhen Baoneng Motor Co., Ltd. plant) (Landtrek)
* 4 = Zaragoza plant, Figueruelas, Zaragoza province, Spain (Opel plant) (208)
* 5 = Kenitra, Morocco (208)
* 7 = Luton, England, UK (Vauxhall plant) (Expert/Traveller)
* 8 = Bursa, Turkey (Tofaş plant) (Bipper)
* 8 = Ellesmere Port, England, UK (Vauxhall plant) (Partner)
* 9 = Betim, Minas Gerais state, Brazil (Fiat plant) (Partner Rapid)

==External links==

Online [https://vinfax.site/en/maker/peugeot/ Peugeot VIN decoder]

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>ky87sph6hopv0fu9ufcb4456pzq2l82</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cognition and Instruction/Social Context of Cognition</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>369408</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679081</id>
      <parentid>4650071</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:00:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679081</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="69035" sha1="kurxtg95rnukzohkxt8ey9401546vt3" xml:space="preserve">  
This chapter discusses beliefs about the social contexts of cognition, and how social and cultural factors can influence a child's development of mind (thoughts). In the subsequent sections of this chapter, we will discuss social cognition, situated cognition, Bronfenbenner's ecological model, the child in culture, social interaction/cognitive tools, socio-cultural contexts of learning, implications for instruction, and individual contextual differences. Situated cognition theory identifies features of the environment relevant to immediate conversational contexts, interpersonal relationships, and social group memberships. It also increases our understanding about how these features shape thoughts and actions. We also look into Bronfenbenner's ecological model and it's influence on a child's learning environment. In the socio-cultural context, Vygotsky theorized that human development was inseparable from cultural and social development and that these social interactions help children to develop cognitive tools. These cognitive tools develop skills specifically tied to an individual's personal culture and social experiences and include language/speech and cultural production. As time progresses, these skills become internalized in the zone of proximal development. In relation to instructional implications, placed based, culturally based, and cooperative learning techniques are discussed. It will help future educators use this theory and research effectively, and apply it to a practical classroom setting. Individual Contextual Differences have various influences on our cognitive development. It encompasses both Bronfenbrenner's theory about the influence of the microsystem and macrosystem in regards to child development and Vygotsky's theory on social and cultural factors being essential to cognitive development. Therefore, we look at how differences in societal, classroom and institutional settings have an effect on a child's cognitive development. The social context in which cognitive processes take place are highly influential in the development of mind. 

== Social Cognition   ==
'''Social cognition''' focuses on the theory of mind. Theory of mind is a broad concept, encompassing and understanding the full range of mental states, as well as the antecedents and consequences of such understanding.The social context is made up not only of our relationships with specific others but also the groups we identify. As we continue to develop and associate with certain social groups, this becomes a part of our '''“social identity&quot;'''&lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot; /&gt;. These social groups establish norms, or standards for correct and appropriate beliefs, opinions, and behaviors. For example, it may be the &quot;norm&quot; to use inappropriate language with your friends, but not with your parents or family members . Such norms influence our behavior all the time, whether other members of the social groups are physically present or not.  This social identity is activated by situational reminders of our social group membership or by our own intentional thought. Once this identity is activated, we tend to conform to that group’s norms. &lt;ref name=&quot;:18&quot;&gt;Miller, S. A. (2010). Social-cognitive development in early childhood.''interactions'', ''20'', 21.&lt;/ref&gt;.

Social identities serve as behavioral guides for appropriate behavior. This can have some negative effects. If define social identity by our social group membership that we share with some people but not others, it divides the world into ‘us’ and ‘them.’ Shaping how we think about and behave toward other people. People on the ‘us’ side of the line, are considered group members and are therefore better liked.&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot;&gt;Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., &amp; Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Cambridge, MA, US: Basil

Blackwell, Inc.
&lt;/ref&gt; In a school context, children can often become victims of bullying if they do not identify with a popular social group, and adopt a social identity that suits their peers &quot;cultural norms&quot;. 

In order to understand the development of social cognition and social identity, we must examine situated cognition. Cognition almost invariably occurs in the context of other people. It refers to the web of face-to-face encounters, personal relationships, and social group memberships that make us who we are. Not only do these social entities very frequently constitute the '''''content''''' of our thoughts and feelings, but they fundamentally shape the '''''processes''''' underlying our thinking and behavior as well. To detail some of the evidence for this broad claim, this chapter describes the interface of '''situated cognition''', the ecological model of development, and the child in culture. The social context of cognitive development has to do with our thoughts and beliefs about the social world. It also refers to our beliefs about others, the self, people in general, specific aspects of people (e.g., thoughts, desires, emotions), social groups and social institutions&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot;&gt;Smith, E. R., &amp; Conrey, F. R. (2009). The social context of cognition.Cambridge handbook of situated cognition, 454-466.&lt;/ref&gt;. 

===  Situated Cognition  ===
Situated cognition is centered on the idea that knowing is “inseparable” from actually doing and highlights the importance of learning within context&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot;&gt;Brown, J. S., Collins, A., &amp; Duguid, P. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. ''Educational researcher'', ''18''(1), 32-42.&lt;/ref&gt;. The Situated Cognition Theory is based upon principles related to the fields of anthropology, sociology, and cognitive sciences. Its main argument is that all knowledge that a learner acquires is somehow situated within activities that are social, physically or culturally-based. The Situated Cognition Theory mainly supports, that the acquisition of knowledge cannot be separated from the context in which this knowledge is collected. Therefore, a learner must grasp the concepts and skills that are being taught in the context in which they will eventually be utilized. As a result, instructors who are trying to apply this theory in their classes are encouraged to create an environment of full immersion, wherein students must be able to learn skills, as well as new ideas and behaviors that are taught in the context in which they will be used at a later time. Collins, Brown, &amp; Duguid are creators of the situated cognition model, and believed that learning culture played a major role in education, and that learning by doing was an often overlooked approach&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.  

Situated cognitive learning emphasizes that learning in the real world is not like studying in school. It is often describe as '''acculturation''' or adapting the norm, behavior, skills, belief, language, and attitudes of a particular community. This community might be mathematicians, gang member, writers, and students of any group that has particular ways of thinking and doing. Knowledge is seen not as individual cognitive structures but as a creation of the community over time. The practices of the community, the way of interacting and getting things done, as well as the tools the community has created constitute the knowledge of that community. Thus learning means becoming more able to participate in those practices and using the tools.  '''Situated cognitive learning''' emphasizes the idea that much of what is learned is specific to the situation in which it is learned&lt;ref name=&quot;:19&quot; /&gt;. However, situated cognitive learning says that knowledge and skills can be applied across contexts, even if the context is different from the initial learning situation. For example, when you use your ability to read and calculate (which you learned in school), to complete your income taxes, even though learning how to do your taxes was not part of your original high school curriculum&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot;&gt;Anderson, J. R., Reder, L. M., &amp; Simon, H. A. (1996). Situated learning and education. Educational researcher, 25(4), 5-11.&lt;/ref&gt;. In this situation, the student would be applying their mathematics and reading skills which they learned in the classroom, to the real world. Demonstrating how situational learning can be applied across different contexts. 

Situated cognition offers the key insight that cognition is for adaptive action, our minds evolved under the demands of survival rather than for detached puzzle-solving or abstract cognition. This principle implies the existence of close connections between cognition, motivation, and action. Cognition is generally not neutral and detached, but is biased by the individual’s motives and goals, with motives shaping our thoughts. Consider a person’s understanding of the meaning of traits (such as reliable, honest, or intelligent), which are basic components of our impressions of other people as well as ourselves&lt;ref name=&quot;:12&quot; /&gt;. Research shows that our definitions of such traits are not objective and invariant, but are shaped in self-serving ways by our own perceived understandings of those traits. Also the fundamental human need to belong shapes our social cognition. People experiencing a heightened need to belong, after a social rejection; tune their attention and cognition to process social information in the environment more carefully and thoroughly. This example of biases in cognition caused by the perceives motivational concerns effectively illustrate how social cognition serves the needs of adaptive action important in determining the course of cognition &lt;ref&gt;Smith, E. R., &amp; Conrey, F. R. (2009). The social context of cognition.Cambridge handbook of situated cognition, 454-466.&lt;/ref&gt;. There is evidence that social-cognitive development and learning recognizes that individuals develop through reciprocal interactions, in which people contribute to an individuals development. These social interactions, are rooted in the situation in which it occurs. Research on reciprocal transactions between organisms and the environment is a basic feature of Brenfenbenner's ecological theory.&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; Social-cognitive learning states that a child's personality functioning differs among individuals. Personality is understood by reference to basic cognitive and effective structures and processes. These personality variables develop through experiences with one’s sociocultural environment. Social-cognitive development differentiates among a number of distinct cognitive capacities contributing to personality functioning. These include cognitive mechanisms that underlie skills and social competencies, knowledge structures through which people interpret or “encode” situations, self-reflective processes through which people develop beliefs about themselves and their relation to the social environment, and self-regulatory processes through which people establish personal goals and standards for performance and motivate themselves to reach desired ends&lt;ref&gt;Cervone, D., Shadel, W. G., &amp; Jencius, S. (2001). Social-cognitive theory of personality assessment. ''Personality and Social Psychology Review'', ''5''(1), 33-51.&lt;/ref&gt;. In the next section, Bronfenbrenner's theory divides the community in which a child grows up into four systems. The community in which a child develops, will ultimately effect the situation in which the child learns, a child's interpersonal relationships and who they associate with. As previously mentioned, social cognition and situational cognition explain the development of a child's mind, but both can be largely influenced by a child's environmental context. Bronfenbrenner outlines some of these social contextual influences in his ecological model.  

. 

=== '''Ecological  Model''' ===
Bronfenbenner's  Ecological Model

[[File:Ecological Model.gif|399x399px]]

Bronfenbrenner  provides an ecological model for understanding human development. He explains that children’s development within the socio-cultural context of the family, community, broader society and the educational setting. All have an impact on the developing child, because all the various contexts are interrelated. For example, even a child in a supportive, loving family within a healthy, strong community is affected by the biases of the larger society, such as racism, sexism or violence, and may show the effects of negative discrimination and stereotyping. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological context of child development and learning can be depicted as a series of concentric rings as with each system influencing and being influenced by the others&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; for example:

&lt;u&gt;Microsystem&lt;/u&gt;

Bronfenbenner's theory:  The '''microsystem''' is the system closest to the person and the one in which they have direct contact. Some examples would be home, school, daycare, or work. A microsystem typically includes family, peers, or caregivers. Relationships in a microsystem are bi-directional. In other words, your reactions to the people in your microsystem will affect how they treat you in return. This is the most influential level of the ecological systems theory.

Let's look at the microsystem in Marian lives. The first part of his microsystem is her home environment. This includes his interactions with her parents and little sister. Marian’s school is also part of her microsystem. Her regular school interactions are with her kindergarten teacher and the other children in his class&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt;.

&lt;u&gt;Mesosystem&lt;/u&gt;

The next level of ecological systems theory is the &lt;u&gt;'''mesosystem'''.&lt;/u&gt; The mesosystem consists of the interactions between the different parts of a person's microsystem. The mesosystem is where a person's individual microsystems do not function independently, but are interconnected and assert influence upon one another. These interactions have an indirect impact on the individual.

One aspect of Marian’s mesosystem would be the relationship between her parents and her teacher. Her parents take an active role in her school, such as attending parent/teacher conferences and volunteering in her classroom. This has a positive impact on her development because the different elements of her microsystem are working together. Marian’s development could be affected in a negative way if the different elements of her microsystem were working against one another&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt;.

&lt;u&gt;Exosystem&lt;/u&gt;

The '''exosystem''' is the next level we will examine. The exosystem refers to a setting that does not involve the person as an active participant, but still affects them. This includes decisions that have bearing on the person, but in which they have no participation in the decision-making process. An example would be a child being affected by a parent receiving a promotion at work or losing their job.

One part of Marian’s exosystem would be his father's workplace. Marian’s father is in the Navy. This often takes her away from the family, and she sometimes does not see her father for months at a time. This situation impacts Marian, and she becomes anxious when her father leaves. Marian’s anxiety has an effect on his development in other areas such as school, even though she has no interaction with her father's work or say in the decision making process, but this may have impact her learning environment&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt;.

&lt;u&gt;Macrosystem&lt;/u&gt;

The fourth level of ecological systems theory is the '''macrosystem'''. The macrosystem encompasses the cultural environment in which the person lives and all other systems that affect them. Examples could include the economy, cultural values, and political system. The macrosystem can have either a positive or a negative effect on a person's development. For an example, consider the different effects on the development of a child growing up in a third-world economy versus that of the United States.

Ecological theorists such as Bronfenbrenner&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot;&gt;Bronfenbrenner, U., &amp; Morris, P. A. (1998). ''The ecology of developmental processes.''&lt;/ref&gt; point to the importance of the settings and circumstances in which students live for understanding children’s behavior and establishing productive programs and policies to promote the development of children and youth. Teachers make many decisions that can be informed by an understanding of the context in which children live. These decisions include curricular and instructional decisions about materials and methods used in the classroom. Teachers’ guidance of children’s classroom learning can be fostered by understanding how the knowledge, practices, and language socialization patterns within children’s families and communities contribute to children’s ability to function in the classroom how to communicate and work with children’s families,&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt; as well as how to promote children’s participation and positive social relations in the classroom influence by cultural and social context.

===  '''The Child-in-Culture''' ===
The child in culture, it is important for teachers to learn about the culture of the majority of the children they serve if that culture differs from their own. Recognizing that learning and development are influenced by cultural and social context, it would be an impossible task to expect teachers/caregivers to understand all the nuances of every cultural group they may encounter in their practice. It is more important for teachers/caregivers to become sensitive to the knowledge of how their own cultural experience shapes their perspective and to realize that multiple perspectives must be considered in decisions about children’s learning and development, in addition to their own. Children have the learning ability and capability to function simultaneously in more than one cultural context. However, if teachers/caregivers set too low or too high expectations for children based on their home language and culture, children cannot learn and develop optimally and reach their full potential. The ideal would be for example, that children whose primary language is not English should be able to learn English without forcing them to give up their home language and to get a teacher/caregiver to translate or teach in both languages. Likewise, children who speak only English benefit from learning another language. The goal is that all children learn to function well in the society or even community as a whole and move comfortably among groups of people who come from both the same and different backgrounds&lt;ref&gt;Böhmer, W. (2009). ''An investigation into the inclusion of child development in early childhood programs'' (Doctoral dissertation).&lt;/ref&gt;

In understanding the mind of the child (learner), teachers must also understand that each student is an individual who is developing a sense of self and relationships in a variety of contexts, notably the family, school, and community.&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot;&gt;Bronfenbrenner’s, U. (2011). YOUTH, Science TEACHING AND Learning.&lt;/ref&gt; Hence, teachers considered themselves least knowledgeable about issues concerning diversity and schooling effects on students. This perception exists despite major efforts made at the national level to provide guidelines for preparing teachers to teach culturally diverse students.&lt;ref name=&quot;:3&quot;&gt;Gay, G. (2000). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice. New York, NY:Teachers College Press&lt;/ref&gt; Research suggests that there is both cause for concern and hope for improvement. For example, Hollingsworth,&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot;&gt;Hollingsworth, S. (1989). Prior beliefs and cognitive change in learning to teach. ''American educational research journal'', ''26''(2), 160-189.&lt;/ref&gt; indicate that novice teachers’ views of children are often inaccurate because they assume that their students possess learning styles, aptitudes, interests, and problems that are similar to their own.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt; Furthermore, recent research suggests that prospective teachers hold simplistic views of student differences have little knowledge about different cultural groups, may have negative attitudes toward those groups, they Teachers) may view diverse backgrounds of students as a problem, and have lower expectations for the learning of ethnic minority students.&lt;ref name=&quot;:4&quot; /&gt;

For some children, these points of difference may not have much effect. But for others, the mismatch between parental or community expectations and the expectations of the formal learning environment may leave the child feeling as if he or she is straddling two distinct worlds. How we think about child in culture can help us move toward greater sensitivity or, alternatively, can create additional roadblocks to our ability to engage and work with families. Early calls for cultural competency sometimes put forward a list of observed parenting traits of minority cultures with little explanation of how these aspects of culture may be part of a whole and with little understanding of the cultural participants’ intention behind these actions. This type of thinking, though well-meaning, can solidify stereotypes instead of helping us penetrate them. Educators, open to embracing the diverse cultures represented in their classrooms, had little guidance in how to achieve this sensitivity in more than just a superficial way. One observation notes that ironically, teachers may conscientiously try to create culturally sensitive environments for their students (e.g., through multicultural displays and activities) while simultaneously structuring classroom interaction patterns that violate invisible cultural norms of various non-dominant groups. Teachers may also inadvertently criticize parents for adhering to a different set of ideals about children, families and parenting&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot;&gt;Maschinot B. (2000).The Changing Face of the United States ''The Influence of Culture on Early Child Development'':  2000 M St., NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036-3307 (202) 638-1144&lt;/ref&gt;.

Research have shown that in many content domains when children are asked to learn or solve problems based upon materials with which they are familiar, or in ways that make “human sense” they learn more rapidly. These relations between culture and learning do not fade away, but become even more pronounced as children move from early into middle childhood and adolescence. Consequently, those concerned with leveraging the power of culture to promote learning should take care to pay as much attention to the cultural enrichment of children as to their health and physical well-being, all of which play an especially important role during this period of extraordinarily rapid developmental change&lt;ref name=&quot;:15&quot; /&gt;. 

==  '''Cognitive Tools and Social Interaction''' ==
The previous sections have mentioned how a community influences cognition by determining the context in which a child learns about the social and cultural rules around them&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;. This community also determines the situation in which learning and cognitive development takes place. For example, a child who grows up in a rural town in Saskatchewan is going to have grown up in a very different community, when compared to a child who grew up in New York City. Their learning will have taken place in a classroom with different socio-cultural &quot;norms&quot;. Although these skills can be transferred across situations, each child is going to develop a different set of cognitive tools that reflects the cultural and social environment they grew up in. Cognitive tools are specialized, and designed to guide a learner in following the &quot;norm&quot; behaviors dictated by a particular community&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;. 

In a community, there are many social interactions and processes. As time goes by, these social interactions define our patterns of thought and cognition. This social cognition refers to the information processing of social situations. Once this information is encoded, it is used in all other social interactions and applied to people. Due to this fact, early interactions will shape and serve as a template for future pro-social behaviors. These early interactions also influence our ways of thinking, and shape how we view the world. This type of '''situated cognition''', refers to knowledge that is learned and developed through '''authentic activity''' &lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. Social interaction can serve as an important '''conceptual tool'''. They relfect the collective knowledge and wisdom of the culture in which they are used, and connect the insights and experiences of individuals&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. These tools are understood through repeated use, and by interacting with others. Over time, these tools become implicit knowledge and shape your view of the world. Allowing you to adopt the belief system of the culture they are learned in. For example, Vygotsky states language is a cognitive tool produced through social interaction&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. Language is tied to culture, and different languages have different semantic meanings, leading to differences in speech and cognition. These differences in socio-cultural acquisition influences an individuals thought patterns and beliefs&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;.  In this way, social interaction creates '''cognitive skills''', specifically tied to an individuals personal cultural and social experiences. In the following sections, we define Vygotsky's socio-cultural contexts, and explain how these contexts produce cognitive tools such as language, speech, and cultural production, and how these tools are learned through more knowledgeable others in the ZPD.  

== Socio-Cultural Contexts of Learning ==
In the 1930’s, psychologist Lev Vygotsky developed a new socio-cultural theory of learning and development. His theory was conceived decades before Bronfenbenner's ecological model, although both psychologists emphasized the social and cultural context. At the time, Vygotsky's theory contrasted that of the popular child development theorist, Jean Piaget&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot;&gt;Rogoff, B., &amp; Morelli, G. (1989). Perspectives on children's development from cultural psychology. ''American Psychologist'', ''44''343-348. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.44.2.343
&lt;/ref&gt;. For his era, Vygotsky's theory of development was revolutionary. He stated that human development was inseparable from cultural and social development&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. These social and cultural interactions lead to the development of higher cognitive processes such as language, and attention&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. Vygotsky developed four basic principles of learning and knowledge. These are: knowledge is constructed, development cannot be separate from the social/cultural context, language plays a central role in mental development, and learning is facilitated through collaboration by working with &quot;more knowledgeable others&quot; &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. 

The learning of these socio-cultural processes occurs through the cultural inventions of a society. Thus, development of conscious cognition is the result of social and cultural influences&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. Vygotsky defined specific aspects of these social interactions as specialized cognitive tools. These tools become internalized as a learner progresses through the ZPD, and shape our thought patterns.  Specifically, Vygotsky emphasized '''language, speech,''' and '''cultural production''' as highly influential cognitive tools produced through socio-cultural interaction. Vygotsky also stated, that these cognitive tools are learned and enforced through more knowledgeable others in the ZPD&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. These concepts will be broken down, and explained in detail in the subsequent sections.

=== '''Language and Speech''' ===
The development of cognitive processes, are shaped through communicative interactions in specific social situations of development&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot;&gt;Mahn, H. h. (2012). Vygotsky's Analysis of Children's Meaning Making Processes. International Journal Of Educational Psychology,1(2), 100-126. doi:10.4471/ijep.2012.07&lt;/ref&gt;. Vygotsky, emphasized that speaking and thinking are unified, with two basic functions: revealing reality, and communicating meaning in social interactions. Through language, an individual’s cultural identity is formed, because children acquire knowledge in a specific cultural setting through familial and institutional influences&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot;&gt;Reunamo, J. J., &amp; Nurmilaakso, M. (2007). Vygotsky and agency in language development. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 15(3), 313-327. doi:10.1080/13502930701679320&lt;/ref&gt;. As Bronfenbenner suggested, the ecological community in which learning takes place, influences developmental processes like language and speech&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;. Language initially serves as means of communication between the child, and people in the immediate environment&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;. However, upon conversion to '''internal speech''', it affects how a child organizes his/her thoughts. It becomes an internal mental function&lt;ref name=&quot;:6&quot; /&gt;. For example, a child that grows up in an English western family, has a different dialect and system of values and beliefs compared to a child that grows up in rural India&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;. These differences can manifest in differing writing styles. This is because, each child has their own set of deliberate semantics, and words can have different meanings&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;. This is also known as, '''dialectic contradictions''', which are historically accumulated structural tensions in a language&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;. These differences in the cultural context of language acquisition, manifest themselves in differing thought processes resulting in different cognitive and communicative interactions.  This process of language/speech acquisition, can also be referred to as acculturation&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.  In this way, language is a cognitive tool as it has the ability to influence our patterns of thought. 

'''Cultural Production'''

In previous sections, culture was defined as acculturation&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;, or the process where a child learns and adopts the &quot;norm&quot; beliefs and values of a community. Each child learns these norms in different situational contexts and interactions. After repeated use, these norms become a part of a child's social identity, and determines the character of a child and future patterns of behavior and thought&lt;ref name=&quot;:14&quot; /&gt;. Culture can be produced through language and speech, the learning of cultural norms from elders of a group with mastery social skills (ZPD), and by a community&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. 

Culture plays a dominant role in shaping social interactions, and the development of cognitive processes. It is a tool that is changeable, and created during a child’s early social lives&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. Cultural production can occur at two levels: institutional (macrosystem), and intrapersonal (microsystem). In an institutional setting, this refers to the larger social context such as school settings, political context etc. An interpersonal setting would refer to interactions between each other , such as peer to peer interactions&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. An individuals overall cultural history, is responsible for producing useful cognitive tools that are accumulated over time &lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;.  Eventually, this leads to the internalization of culturally valued skills and behaviors, making these cognitive processes automatic&lt;ref name=&quot;:1&quot; /&gt;. A culture creates special forms of behaviors, which are specific to a specific cultural history&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;. These structures affect problem solving capacities, and patterns of social interactions. To examine these differences, psychologists can conduct '''cross-cultural studies'''. An example of a cross-cultural study, could include investigating how some cultures don’t believe in displaying knowledge overtly, compared to cultures where that is considered a good thing.  Vygotsky states that culture is developed and produced through processes of social interactions, and through active agents in the immediate development context.  

=== '''Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)''' ===
Vygotsky theorized that learning largely occurs in a child’s ZPD. It mostly takes place in Bronfenbrenner's microsystem level of the ecological model. He defined this as “the distance between the actual developmental level, as determined by actual problem solving, and the level of potential development under adult guidance or in collaboration with a more capable peer&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot;&gt;Thompson, I. (2013). The Mediation of learning in the Zone of Proximal Development through a Co-Constructed Writing Activity. ''Research In The Teaching Of English'', ''47''(3), 247-276. &lt;/ref&gt; .” This form of social interaction occurring between the student and “'''more knowledgeable others''',” serves as a cognitive tool for developing higher learning processes&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. In a classroom setting, a more knowledgeable other includes any '''active agents''' such as teachers, supervising adults, or peers&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt; . There are three levels of a learners developmental progress in the ZPD over time (see figure 2 &lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;). These three levels are the actual level, potential level and realized level&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. The actual level refers to what a learner is able to accomplish without assistance. It refers to the actual base level of knowledge a student possesses on their own&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. Whereas, the potential level is how well a learners performs with assistance by a more knowledgeable other&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. A student has the capability to achieve this potential level of knowledge through collaboration. For example, a tutor is helping a grade two student  learn grade three level mathematics. On their own, the student is able to readily solve grade two mathematics problems. Since this student possesses a strong actual level of mathematics, the student can be taught grade three level mathematics by collaborating with a more knowledgeable tutor. Eventually, through rehearsal and practise, the student is able to complete grade three mathematics problems on their own. This is referred to as their realized level of knowledge.     
[[File:ZPD2.png|center|frame|Three Stages of ZPD Progression]]
Figure 2.&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;  Adapted from “The Mediation of learning in the Zone of Proximal Development through a Co-Constructed Writing Activity,” by Thompson, 2013 ''Research In The Teaching Of English'', ''47''(3), p.259    

Essential to this theory, is that the level of knowledge being learned must be more advanced than what the student currently knows &lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. Teachers can also use '''scaffolding''', which uses a student’s prior knowledge to help give students a base level of information They can use this to build more complex concepts&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. Like in the example, the tutor built off the students prior knowledge of grade two mathematics, and made sure the material was more advanced than what the student currently knew. Before a student attempts to master a new skill, they can be given supplemental information to introduce them to the new material.  This can include artifacts such as: books, videos, textbooks, and computer technology&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. These artifacts act as priming agents for learners, and ease the learning transition to more complex concepts. By using the ZPD as a cognitive tool, instructor’s can approach mastery of more difficult skills through collaborative classroom strategies.  See figure two for further explanation learning through the ZPD&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. 

[[File:Learning in the ZPD.jpg|656x656px]] 

Figure 3&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;. Stages of Learning in ZPD. Adapted from “The Mediation of learning in the Zone of Proximal Development through a Co-Constructed Writing Activity,” by Thompson, 2013 ''Research In The Teaching Of English'', ''47''(3), p.257

== '''Implications for Instruction''' ==
The social lives of school children, can have many instructional effects. As previously mentioned, the situation in which information is learned, level of difficulty, collaboration with more knowledgeable others, level of social cognition/competency, and cultural production, all have differing instructional effects in the classroom. Each student has a different cultural history, that influences their patterns of thinking, and how they approach solving problems in the classroom. Teaching should incorporate the situation and use conceptual tools&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;. Learning should involve, the activity, concept, and culture. For example, teaching children the definition of words. It is simply not enough to have them write out definitions from the dictionary, in an abstract way&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;. Learning words, must take place in an authentic way, and relate to the cultural situation in which the word is defined and used in speech&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.  The next section will discuss how some of the previous social and cultural factors can be mediated through instructional methods. Some useful pedagogies for instructors that will be discussed are place based and cooperative learning strategies. 

'''Place Based Instruction''' 

One way of taking otherwise abstract concepts and rooting them in culturally meaningful '''pedagogy''', is a method known as '''place based instruction'''. It uses both ideas about situated cognition and Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory. The environment in which we learn and situation in which the learning takes place, is responsible for co-creating our knowledge. A place based learning approach is suited for the multi-cultural classroom. If focuses on transforming the traditional classroom environment, into a place that engaging for all types of learners&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;Sloan, C. (2013). Transforming Multicultural Classrooms through Creative Place-Based Learning. Multicultural Education, 21(1), 26-32&lt;/ref&gt;. At its core, it links place to cultural struggles, and aims to empower diverse learners through the integration of local cultural knowledge&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;.  

&lt;u&gt;Main Focuses of Place Based Pedagogy&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;:&lt;/u&gt;

1.     Support thinking about a system using the “bigger picture”

2.     Connect students to lived experiences- creating meaning through place based instruction

3.     Foster Reflexive Inquiry

4.     Regulate and Control How Ethnically Diverse Learners Organize their Identity

One way this pedagogy can be implemented in the classroom is by creating a community garden. It is a creative way of incorporating language, culture, and environment by increasing feelings of interconnectedness&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;. A community garden is open to all, and provides a green space for children in urban areas. It creates a setting for social interactions to take place through the cooperative planning, designing, and execution of a garden and all its elements&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;. The garden is a great way of creating conversation between students about local and self-cultural identity&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;. Students can research herbs related to their cultural background, and report to the class the various cultural ways in which the herb is used culturally like in, cuisine, medicine, or religion&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;. They can then plant these herbs in the garden, tying place with the construction of their knowledge. This also allows for peers to create conversations about cultural differences, fostering reflexive inquiry &lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;. The place based framework, examines how a culture and local environment makes up the community and culture of the school. This method also allows ethnically diverse learners to, self-identify their cultural values, and decide what they want to share. This control and the self-regulation of their own identity, can help grow self-regulated learning as well&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;. 

=== '''Culture-Based Education and Its Relationship to Student Outcomes''' ===
[[File:Study model.jpg|none|thumb|456x456px|Adapted from: Kana‘iaupuni, S., Ledward, B., &amp; Jensen, U. (2010). Culture-based education and its relationship to student outcomes. EDUCATION.]]
Figure 4. &quot;Hawaiian Cultural Influences in Education Study Model&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot;&gt;Kana‘iaupuni, S., Ledward, B., &amp; Jensen, U. (2010). Culture-based education and its relationship to student outcomes. EDUCATION.&lt;/ref&gt;&quot;

In a study by Kana‘iaupuni&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;, they explored the kinds of teaching strategies being used in Hawaiian classrooms and investigated the impact of teachers’ use of culturally based education strategies (CBE), on student socio-emotional development and educational outcomes. Cultural relevance in education was shown to have direct effects on student socio emotional factors such as self-worth, cultural identity, and community/family relationships. It was also shown to have direct and indirect effects on educational outcomes, such as student engagement, achievement, and behaviour&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt; (Kana‘iaupuni, 2010). In Figure 1, it shows the reciprocal interelating relationship between CBE, educational outcomes, and socio-emotional development.                                                                                                         
[[File:Engagementm.jpg|none|thumb|594x594px|Adapted from: Kana‘iaupuni, S., Ledward, B., &amp; Jensen, U. (2010). Culture-based education and its relationship to student outcomes. EDUCATION.]]
Figure 5: &quot;School Engagement Among Hawaiian Students By Teacher CBE Use&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;&quot;                                                                                                                                                                              

The results of the study show (see figure 5&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;) that teachers who use CBE methods in the classroom have higher levels of student self-efficacy and trust, than students with Low CBE Teachers. Students exposed to high levels of CBE by their teachers are also more likely to be engaged in schooling than others, by putting cultural skills to use in their communities and forming trusting relationships with teachers and staff&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;. In the study, they used methodology involved in place based pedagogy&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;. They took into account the local environment and interwove it into the curriculum. Students took part in classes teaching Hawaiian culture, and and/environmental stewardship&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot; /&gt;. The study illustrates how place based pedagogy can significantly improve students rates of self-efficacy and trust in the classroom when teachers use a high amount of CBE/place based curriculum&lt;ref name=&quot;:10&quot; /&gt;. 

=== '''Cooperative Learning''' ===
In Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development, he emphasized the importance and role of peer collaboration and learning. Cooperative based learning refers to intentional learning activities, where group members work towards a shared learning goal&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot;&gt;Clapper, T. t. (2015). Cooperative-Based Learning and the Zone of Proximal Development. Simulation &amp; Gaming, 46(2), 148-158. doi:10.1177/1046878115569044 &lt;/ref&gt;. It is different from classroom “group work,” as group work does not always guarantee actual learning will take place . The goal of cooperative based learning is to understand that each learner brings their own particular set of skills to the table&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;.  If differs from collaborative learning, because students are not trying to improve a weak skill, but rather identify the skills they excel in and use them to help the group.For example, Amy may struggle with abstract concepts like mathematics, but has a great imagination (Also, see figure 3&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;). She is grouped together with students who excel with abstract concepts, but struggle thinking imaginatively. This way, students are able to share their skills, and teach each other. This is known as reciprocal teaching, where learners are able to teach other members of their group&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;. By working towards achieving their common learning goal, students must combine their different skill sets to solve the problem. It can help students see different perspectives on how to approach problem solving activities&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;. 

&lt;u&gt;The Five Steps to Achieve Cooperative Learning in the Classroom&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;&lt;/u&gt; 

1.     Give Specific Learning Objectives

2.     Plan out learning strategies, and composition of groups

3.     Explain the learning objective

4.     “monitor-observe” the students

5.     Assess the achievement and cooperation of students

Some examples of cooperative learning strategies for the classroom are the jigsaw method and group investigation method&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;. In the jigsaw method, students are divided into groups. Then, one member from each group is sent to a special group to learn about a specific course topic. Once students individually read the material, they discuss and reflect upon the material as a group, making note of its key points&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;. Lastly, each student returns to their original groups. After their peers read the material, the student  sent to the special group leads their group discussion, reflecting on the topics key points. The premise of this strategy is to have the students in each group teach each other, and become better self-regulatory learners&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;. In the group investigation method, students are first divided into groups. They are then given information about a specific course topic, and read through the material individually, and are asked to make note of its key points&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;. After this, the group discusses the material collectively, reflecting on its key points, and could be asked to prepare a presentation for the class.This strategy promotes group dialogue and aims at cultivating social interaction skills. Cooperative learning, is a strategy that instructors can use in the classroom to promote social cognitive growth, and increase student's performance&lt;ref name=&quot;:9&quot; /&gt;.  In the next section, we discuss how social cognitive processes are affected by macrosystem influences, such as individual contextual differences in societal, classroom, and institutional settings. 

== '''Individual Contextual Differences''' ==
The cognitive development process can be differed individually. Lots of aspects of social context can have varies of influences on our cognitive development, Such as: intelligence, environment factors, learning opportunities, economics status, family and society. As previously mentioned, the social and cultural context in which learning takes place, greatly affects our cognitive growth. Theories like situated cognition, Bronfenbenner's ecological model, and Vygotsky' scocio-cultural theory, discuss how macrosystem influences such as the cultural environment, make up our implicit views on the world. In this section, we will look into how different classrooms, different institution and society can affect our cognition and how do we do to improve this development.

=== Society ===
“We have no obligation to make history.

We have no obligation to make art. 

We have no obligation to make a statement.

To make money is our only objective.”

-- Michael Eisner, former CEO of Walt Disney

The problem of boys having lower graduation rates, greater worries about intimacy and relationships are touched upon to suggest some reasons behind it. Using the internet and accessing pornography are acting as arousal addictions that have negative effect on social life of boys. Lots of documents shows the problems of women getting misrepresented, objectified and sexuality are evident in our societies’ status quo. The society and media is often portraying women as object for sex and beauty, demising women’s actual capabilities. We should advocate the need to value women’s capabilities and encourage them to discover their true power.. Simply put, media is any device or system that we humans use to accomplish our goals. The wheel, an oar, an abacus, a hammer, a toothpick, and a TV set are various examples&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot;&gt;Bruning, R., Schraw, G., &amp; Norby, M. (2010). Cognitive psychology and instruction (5th ed). Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. ISBN: 978-0132368971&lt;/ref&gt;.

These influences heavily affect development of the authentic self for both males and females negatively. Being authentic self is being who you really are, knowing your personal why, discovering your capabilities and expressing your inner self to others. These are real, genuine and authentic which comes from your heart. The problem with the media is that they are portraying cognition of what it means to be ideal women or men that are accepted by the society. Often, these perfect images of beauty, success and satisfaction are falsely created by media often to get more people’s attention and money. Thus, people start to take in what the media tells them to be rather than finding their own true beauty, capabilities, and values that are truly meaningful for themselves. For that reason, the media exposure simply makes us to seek what is ideal in our society instead of genuine values that are found within self-discovery so lots of people are developing a wrong cognition because of that. In order to sustain the authentic life, we need to have a clear sense of values and define our view of life that comes from inner self. Our own clear vision, belief, goal, and mind act as a firm pillar that support from being impressionable person who easily get swayed by society and media influence. Therefore, we can prevent ourselves from following other people’s values.When movies and television first appeared predictions were made that they would replace most, if not all, classroom instruction&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;

The notion that these media companies are “giving us what the public want” is concerning because they’re actually just giving us what the media companies and advertisers want, and manipulating viewers in believing that it is our fault for the brainless content that’s being produced. It’s also a problem that men make up the majority of the board of these reputable media companies because the way women are represented is inaccurate and are often times exploited through the views of white, capitalist male elites who take no interest in genuine women empowerment. On the other hand, although men aren’t as demonized via media as women are, they still do struggle with radical stereotypes, biases, and discrimination. In Demise of Guys, Atherton mentions that men are constantly exposed to explicit content such as pornography, creating an “arousal addiction&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot;&gt;Atherton J S (2013) ''Doceo; Assignment Presentation Guidelines'' [On-line: UK] retrieved 2 March 2016 from &lt;nowiki&gt;http://www.doceo.co.uk/academic/assignment_presentation.htm#Referencing&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/ref&gt;.” Men are also constantly shown “ideal” images of masculinity where there is a lack of emotional representation and here, problems in intimacy and relationships will start to manifest.

These media influences affect the development of the authentic self for both females and males in a sense that when they are exposed to inaccurate representations without knowledge on the corporate strategy behind it, they will be easily manipulated into believing that who they are and how they look isn’t good enough. Especially for girls and boys who are exposed to explicit and exploitative content at a young age, they will start to believe that what they see on media is their reality. When in reality, everyone is different – we come in all shapes, sizes, and color – and it’s important to base your beauty from within rather than from the physical.Educators increasingly are aware of media’s potential for changing how learning and teaching take place. Even though education continues to lag behind other segments of society in using media&lt;ref name=&quot;:16&quot; /&gt;. Media likes to hyper-sexualize women and pit them against each other while romanticizing the male character for their strength and independence. Although some women and men might prefer to play that role in reality, we would possibly live in a different society if we focused on issues such as gender equality, health and fitness, and educated viewers on the reality of the world instead of the dream.

=== Classroom ===
We should value children’s competencies in learning, focusing on self-directed learning approach.We should value children’s competencies in learning, focusing on self-directed learning approach. Rather than simply throwing information and knowledge at children, it is important to acknowledge that they are capable, competent learners who are not helpless. Children are competent enough to be innovated by learning, creating changes and solving problems. We should also emphasize design thinking approach where children are engaged in real life context to solve problems and create solutions. Thus, the opportunities actively engage children to be part of a community member. They can highly relate their learning in their real life that matters and is meaningful.  We should be providing real tools and materials to build real things where children have an access to these materials for their creative ideas of invention. The social contexts of cognition and learning have obvious applications to the classroom. As any teacher knows, the classroom is above all a social environment and teaching is a form of social interaction that affects group collaboration, motivation, learning and even use of technology&lt;ref&gt;Lajoie, K&amp; Azevedo, J (1992). Laughter and stress Humor, 5, 43-355.&lt;/ref&gt;.

One of the strength of these kind of learning approaches is that these encourage children to form great cognitions and fulfil their potentials. By recognizing children’s capacities to think, learn, and change will help them to see their learning abilities. Also, these approaches of learning are very good for children to enjoy and have some fun. Because it requires children to come up with their own creative ideas and solutions, they can have more interest in what they do and learn throughout the process. The weakness in these approaches is the possible financial problem. Many resources and materials are probably needed for children to access that could cost quite of bit of money. If these approaches of learning are incorporated in other regular classes, funding will be needed and not all schools can afford it as they wish.

The self-directed learning approach can help students to be engaged in what they learn and do with genuine interests&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot;&gt;Dobbin, F. 2004.[http://scholar.harvard.edu/dobbin/publications/new-economic-sociology-reader The New Economic Sociology: A Reader]. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.&lt;/ref&gt;. Also, being in the field rather than simply staying in the classroom can motivate them better. Thus, the learning can be made more effectively. For instance, whenever students go to a field trip to learn about certain thing with their own eyes, it got me more interested and motivated. Do you still vividly remember when you went to Science World, different kinds of museums, and Camps where you got to participate in activities that engaged you actively? The answer will be yes. 

=== Institutional ===
The whole education system is seems like &quot;Building a house&quot;, and the base or the foundation construction is the most important part for a building, just like the meaning of the elementary education for the whole education system&lt;ref name=&quot;:17&quot; /&gt;. Lots of schools are ranked according to standardized testing, but the author didn't told us is this kind of practice is right or wrong, good or bad. However, school ranking in some way is good, they may help schools to improve themselves by comparative. But with my personal experience, the ranking by testing for student is not good and really make me stressful in my whole middle and high school.  In China, school ranking and ranking students in all schools is very universal, they divide student into two classes, good and bad. Then, the parents who wants their child get in the good school or class, they will pay a lot money and time for them. This classification is serious influence and hurt students' self-esteem and enthusiasm for learning and study. In conclusion, in view of all its defects and the harmful effects of university and schools, why would anyone pay attention to the school ranking? 

&quot;when the teaching begins, educators must ask, who are the students, what are their particular needs, and what do they bring to the classroom?&quot; points out the importance of student in teaching and curriculum design as well as the whole education process. When a school designs their education methods, they should consider the students themselves. What is their goal of learning? How will students' own value, culture and experience influence their learning? And what can teachers learn from the students? If remembering the questions when designing and implementing curriculum, I think the curriculum can better cope with students' needs.

We do have pressure on curriculum, which includes technology, culture, economy and environment, etc. When designing and implementing curriculum, it is also very important to consider these factors that will influence students' learning goals, needs, etc. For example, a curriculum for in-class course may greatly differ from a distance course.

The problem of boys having lower graduation rates, greater worries about intimacy and relationships are touched upon to suggest some reasons behind it. Using the internet and accessing pornography are acting as arousal addictions that have negative effect on social life of boys. Lots of documents shows the problems of women getting misrepresented, objectified and sexuality are evident in our societies’ status quo. The society and media is often portraying women as object for sex and beauty, demising women’s actual capabilities. We should advocate the need to value women’s capabilities and encourage them to discover their true power.

These influences heavily affect development of the authentic self for both males and females negatively. Being authentic self is being who you really are, knowing your personal why, discovering your capabilities and expressing your inner self to others. These are real, genuine and authentic which comes from your heart. The problem with the media is that they are portraying cognition of what it means to be ideal women or men that are accepted by the society. Often, these perfect images of beauty, success and satisfaction are falsely created by media often to get more people’s attention and money. Thus, people start to take in what the media tells them to be rather than finding their own true beauty, capabilities, and values that are truly meaningful for themselves. For that reason, the media exposure simply makes us to seek what is ideal in our society instead of genuine values that are found within self-discovery so lots of people are developing a wrong cognition because of that. In order to sustain the authentic life, we need to have a clear sense of values and define our view of life that comes from inner self. Our own clear vision, belief, goal, and mind act as a firm pillar that support from being impressionable person who easily get swayed by society and media influence. Therefore, we can prevent ourselves from following other people’s values.

The notion that these media companies are “giving us what the public want” is concerning because they’re actually just giving us what the media companies and advertisers want, and manipulating viewers in believing that it is our fault for the brainless content that’s being produced. It’s also a problem that men make up the majority of the board of these reputable media companies because the way women are represented is inaccurate and are often times exploited through the views of white, capitalist male elites who take no interest in genuine women empowerment. On the other hand, although men aren’t as demonized via media as women are, they still do struggle with radical stereotypes, biases, and discrimination. In Demise of Guys, Atherton&lt;ref name=&quot;:11&quot; /&gt; mentions that men are constantly exposed to explicit content such as pornography, creating an “arousal addiction.” Men are also constantly shown “ideal” images of masculinity where there is a lack of emotional representation and here, problems in intimacy and relationships will start to manifest.

These media influences affect the development of the authentic self for both females and males in a sense that when they are exposed to inaccurate representations without knowledge on the corporate strategy behind it, they will be easily manipulated into believing that who they are and how they look isn’t good enough. Especially for girls and boys who are exposed to explicit and exploitative content at a young age, they will start to believe that what they see on media is their reality. When in reality, everyone is different – we come in all shapes, sizes, and color – and it’s important to base your beauty from within rather than from the physical.

Media likes to hyper-sexualize women and pit them against each other while romanticizing the male character for their strength and independence. Although some women and men might prefer to play that role in reality, we would possibly live in a different society if we focused on issues such as gender equality, health and fitness, and educated viewers on the reality of the world instead of the dream.

== Conclusion ==
In conclusion, from a socio-cultural perspective there are many social influences on cognitive development. As previously stated, the socio cultural context of cognition is explained through social and situated cognition, cultural production, social interaction and cognitive tools, socio-cultural theory, and individual contextual differences.Through social interaction students learn social cognition and develop cognitive tools. Individual differences in socio-cultural contexts are influenced by those closest to you. Over time these differences are internalized, and affect your cognition, thought patterns, and views about the world. As learners, we are influenced by macrosystem factors outside our control. This includes societal, individual, classroom, and institutional differences in contexts and situations of learning. This can have many instructional implications, and calls for more place based and cooperative classroom pedagogies, Research has stated that situated learning has an increasing influence on education. The ecological model also states that in order to understand human development, one must consider the entire ecological system in which growth occurs. As discussed, recent research suggests that prospective teachers hold simplistic views of student differences. They have little knowledge about different cultural groups. In fact, they may have negative attitudes toward those groups, and view the diverse backgrounds of students as a problem, and have lower expectations for the learning of ethnic minority students. In the development of children, there are many social processes of interaction. These early interactions will shape and serve as a template, for future pro social behaviours. The social context can have various of influences on our cognitive development. Such as : intelligence, environment factors, learning opportunities, economics status, family and society. In order to be effective instructors, one must take into account the social-cultural perspective, and account for the social influences on cognitive development.   

== Glossary ==
'''Acculturation''': adapting the norm, behavior, skills, belief, language, and attitudes of a particular community&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.

'''Cognitive development''': Cognitive development is a field of study in neuroscience and psychology focusing on a child's development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of brain development and cognitive psychology compared to an adult's point of view&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.

'''Dialectic contradictions:''' Historically accumulated structural tensions in a language. . Each child, has their own set of deliberate semantics. Therefore, words can have different meanings according to each child&lt;ref name=&quot;:5&quot; /&gt;'''.''' 

'''Ecological mode'''l: An ecosystem model is an abstract, usually mathematical, representation of an ecological system (ranging in scale from an individual population, to an ecological community, or even an entire biome), which is studied to gain understanding of the real system&lt;ref name=&quot;:2&quot; /&gt;.

'''Exosystem:''' The exosystem refers to a setting that does not involve the person as an active participant, but still affects them. This includes decisions that have bearing on the person, but in which they have no participation in the decision-making process. An example would be a child being affected by a parent receiving a promotion at work or losing their job&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt;.

'''Macrosystem:''' The macro-system encompasses the cultural environment in which the person lives, in the larger sociological context. This level of the ecological model often influences students without them even knowing it, leading to implicit beliefs or beliefs shared by a culture. Examples could include the economy, cultural values, and political system&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt;. 

'''Mesosystem'''. The mesosystem consists of the interactions between the different parts of a person's microsystem. The mesosystem is where a person's individual microsystems do not function independently, but are interconnected and assert influence upon one another. These interactions have an indirect impact on the individual. For example, the relationship between parent and teacher, can have an indirect impact on a students learning&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt;.

'''Microsystem:''' The system closest to the person and the one in students have have direct contact. Some examples would be home, school, daycare, or work. A microsystem typically includes family, peers, or caregivers&lt;ref name=&quot;:13&quot; /&gt;.

'''Place based instruction:''' The environment in which we learn and situation in which the learning takes place, is responsible for co-creating our knowledge. A place based learning approach is suited for the multi-cultural classroom. It focuses on transforming the traditional classroom environment, into a place that is engaging for all types of learners&lt;ref name=&quot;:8&quot;&gt;Sloan, C. (2013). Transforming Multicultural Classrooms through Creative Place-Based Learning. Multicultural Education, 21(1), 26-32&lt;/ref&gt;. 

'''Scaffolding''': building of a students prior knowledge to learn new or difficult concepts&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;.

'''Situated Cognition''': A theory  based upon principles related to the fields of anthropology, sociology and cognitive sciences. Its main argument is that all knowledge a learner acquires is somehow situated within activities that are socially, physically or culturally-based&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.

'''Social cognition''':  A subtopic of social psychology that focuses on how people process social information (especially its encoding, storage, and retrieval) and how this information is applied to social situations, other people, and social interactions&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.

'''Social Context''': refers to the immediate physical and social setting in which people live or in which something happens or develops. It includes the culture that the individual was educated or lives in, and the people and institutions with whom they interact&lt;ref name=&quot;:0&quot; /&gt;.

'''Zone of proximal development''': The zone of proximal development, often abbreviated as ZPD, is the difference between what a learner can do without help and what he or she can do with help&lt;ref name=&quot;:7&quot; /&gt;.

== Suggested Readings ==
Bronfenbrenner, U. (1999). Environments in developmental perspective: Theoretical and operational models. In Measuring environment across the life span : emerging methods and concepts(1st ed., pp. 3-28). Washington DC: American Psychological Association.

Brown et al., (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. ''Educational Researcher'', 32- 42

Campbell, F. A., Pungello, E. P., &amp; Miller-Johnson, S. (2002). The development of perceived scholastic competence and global self-worth in African American adolescents from low income families: The roles of family factors, early educational intervention, and academic experience. Journal of Adolescent Research, 17, 277-302.

Poch, S. (2005). Higher education in a box. International Journal of Educational  Management 19(3), 246-258. doi:10.1108/09513540510591020

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). ''Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes'' Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.

== References ==

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>kurxtg95rnukzohkxt8ey9401546vt3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cognition and Instruction/Sociocognitive Learning</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>371095</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679080</id>
      <parentid>4419337</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T20:59:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679080</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="226093" sha1="4zz7yoxfdchuvbzygytkgnt3s0a214a" xml:space="preserve">__TOC__
== Social Cognitive Theory ==

[[File:Albert Bandura Psychologist.jpg|Albert Bandura Psychologist|right|200px]]
Albert Bandura's social cognitive theory views learning as occurring within a social context and regards humans as self-organizing, proactive, self-reflecting and self-regulating.&lt;ref&gt;Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall, Inc.&lt;/ref&gt;  Social cognitive theory categorizes the factors in human development as environmental, behavioral, and cognitive. It portrays development as emerging from the dynamic interplay of these three types of factors. Building on Bandura's earlier focus on observation and modeling as a source of learning, social cognitive theory describes how the belief in one's competence to succeed at a task, known as self-efficacy, strongly affects learning outcome.&lt;ref&gt;Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological review, 84(2), 191.&lt;/ref&gt;  

===Reciprocal Determinism===
[[File:Screen Shot 2015-11-27 at 1.29.47 PM.png|thumb|Reciprocal Determinism|left|300px]]
Bandura considers his model of '''reciprocal determinism''' as a way to explain how an individual’s behavior both influences and is influenced by both personal characteristics and the social world. Bandura’s reciprocal determinism model also explains that learning is the result of interacting variables. His model involves three components, personal, behavioral, and environmental factors that interact and influence each other. These three components are considered to function as interdependent rather than autonomous determinants, thus maintaining the fact that the they are conditional of each other. Personal factors include beliefs and attitudes of the individual. To apply this to a learning environment, one would say that the personal beliefs and attitudes of the learner would affect their own learning. If they were previously rewarded for a certain behavior in a certain situation, for instance, they are more likely to repeat that scenario. The behavioral component of learning can consist of responses one makes in a given situation such as one's response to a low test score with either frustration or an increased effort. Finally, environmental factors such as roles played by parents, teachers and peers can have an effect on an individual’s behavior and self-beliefs, which consequently impact their learning. Given the importance of this three components of Bandura’s model, we focus on the personal factors such beliefs about the self, and how it can affect behaviors and the interpretation of environmental cues. The model of reciprocal determinism will thus be considered in each section of this chapter.

===Self-efficacy===

[[File:Self and environment.png|thumbnail|self efficacy factors]]
Since self-concept and self-efficacy, though distinct constructs, are related in their conception and in their effects on student achievement, consideration is given first to the literature on self-concept as a basis for observations on self-efficacy. '''Self-concept''' is generally viewed as an assessment of self-worth deriving from comparisons with the past performance of self and the performance of others.&lt;ref&gt;Marsh, H. W. (1986). Global self-esteem: Its relation to specific facets of self-concept and their importance. Journal of personality and social psychology, 51(6), 1224.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bandura, A. (1978). Reflections on self-efficacy. Advances in behaviour research and therapy, 1(4), 237-269.&lt;/ref&gt; Self-efficacy tends to be conceptualized as a context-specific assessment of one’s competence to perform a specific task. Self-efficacy theory suggests that feelings of self-efficacy have their origins in experiences of success or failure that arise through attempts to master actual tasks. In brief, Self-efficacy is how the individual perceives ones own abilities and the level of confidence for achieving goals from the perceived abilities. There are three domains of self-efficacy that differentiates in: task difficulty, generality of one's self-efficacy (self-efficacy in one domain is not consistent with self-efficacy in another domain), strength of one's efficacy judgments. Within those three domains, there are four factors that Bandura stated to effect self-efficacy. These factors are enactive mastery, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and physiological and effective state.  Enactive mastery is related to the knowledge that an individual has obtained from previous experience. For example, if an individual has achieved mastery in math they are more likely to have a high self-efficacy. Achieving mastery contributes to the individual’s perception of ones ability in completing a task. Vicarious experience is watching others and learning from what was watched&lt;ref&gt;Phan, H. P., &amp; Ngu, B. (2014). Factorial equivalence of social cognitive theory: Educational levels × time differences. Educational Psychology, 34(6), 697-729. doi:10.1080/01443410.2013.814190&lt;/ref&gt;. For example, if an individual watches a classmate or teacher demonstrate an equation on the board they may feel their ability to the problem on their own has increased. There will be more discussion related to this in the section entitled enactive and vicarious learning. Another factor is verbal persuasion which is having an individual convince another that they are capable of completing a task. Having another person or classmate tell another that they have the ability to do well on a task or encourage them, might boost their confidence and their perception of their ability on a task. The final factor, physiological state, can effect the individual’s self-efficacy. For example, if an individual is tired due to a lack of sleep, their perception of their ability to complete a math task might be low. Even though they normally have high self-efficacy in math.  These four factors as well as others affect the individual’s self-efficacy.&lt;ref&gt;Seijts, G. H., Latham, G. P., &amp; Whyte, G. (2000). Effect of self- and group efficacy on group performance in a mixed-motive situation. Human Performance, 13(3), 279-298. doi:10.1207/S15327043HUP1303_3&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Phan, H. P., &amp; Ngu, B. (2014). Factorial equivalence of social cognitive theory: Educational levels × time differences. Educational Psychology, 34(6), 697-729. doi:10.1080/01443410.2013.814190&lt;/ref&gt; As self-efficacy is closely related to the concept of reciprocal determinism in ways that the personal, environmental, social aspects influence self-efficacy and vice versa, this part of the chapter will look closely at the different aspects and implications of self-efficacy and factors that will correlate with each other. 

===Agency===
'''Agency''' refers to simply the capacity of a person to act in any given environment. When it comes to learning, agency and performance are closely related, since agency involves the individual's willingness to engage in academic tasks. Agency is characterized by number of core features that operate within human consciousness and influences the nature and quality of one's life and learning. Social cognitive theory distinguishes among three modes of agency: direct personal agency, proxy agency that relies on others to act on one's behest to secure desired outcomes, and collective agency which is exercised through socially coordinated and interdependent effort.&lt;ref&gt;Bandura, A. (1989). Human agency in social cognitive theory. American psychologist, 44(9), 1175.&lt;/ref&gt; As defined by Bandura, efficacy beliefs form the foundation of human agency as people need to believe that they can produce results by their own actions, individuals who have agency are intrinsically motivated to perform and may need very little or no external incentives; Bandura (2007)&lt;ref&gt;Bandura, A. (2007). Much ado over a faulty conception of perceived self-efficacy grounded in faulty experimentation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 26(6), 641-658.&lt;/ref&gt; refers to this subjective operative capabilities. For example, a person with high self‐efficacy would be confident in his/her ability to perform a given task successfully. In order to fulfill and maintain the confidence, the person would exert greater effort in completing a difficult goal‐related tasks if he/she feels confident that the task would be successfully completed. Individuals with high self-efficacy, need to believe that challenges can be met and overcome. Self-efficacy beliefs usually affect cognitive functioning through the joint influence of motivational and information-processing operations. For example, this dual influence is illustrated in studies of different sources of variation in memory performance. The stronger people's beliefs in their memory capacities, the more effort they devote to cognitive processing of memory tasks, which, in turn, enhances their memory performances.  However, efficacy in dealing with one's environment is not a fixed act or simply a matter of knowing what to do. People are neither autonomous agents nor simply mechanical conveyors of the environmental influences. Rather, they make causal contribution to their own motivation and action, which involves a generative capability in which cognitive, social, and behavioral skills must be organized into integrated action. Perceived self-efficacy helps to account for such diverse phenomena such as changes in coping behavior produced by different modes of influence. The stronger their perceived self-efficacy, the higher the goals people set for themselves and the firmer their commitment. These include the temporal extension of agency through intentions and thought, self-regulation, and self-reflection about one's capabilities, quality of abilities, and the meaning and purpose of one's life pursuits. In causal tests, the higher the level of induced self-efficacy, the higher the performance accomplishments and the lower the emotional arousal.&lt;ref&gt;Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American psychologist, 37(2), 122.&lt;/ref&gt;   
	Among the mechanisms of personal agency, none is more central or pervasive than people's beliefs about their capabilities to exercise control over events that affect their lives. Self-efficacy beliefs function as an important set of proximal determinants of human motivation, affect, and action. So far, the discussion has centered on efficacy activated processes that enable people to create beneficial environments and to exercise control over them. Judgments of personal efficacy also affect selection of environments. People tend to avoid activities and situations they believe exceed their coping capabilities, but they readily undertake challenging activities and select social environments they judge themselves capable of handling. They operate on action through motivational, cognitive, and affective intervening processes. Some of these processes, such as affective arousal and thinking patterns, are of considerable interest in their own right and not just as intervening influences of action.&lt;ref&gt;Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American psychologist, 37(2), 122.&lt;/ref&gt; Those who argue that people do not exercise any control over their motivation and action usually emphasize that external events influence judgments and actions, but neglect the portion of causation showing that the environmental events are partially shaped by people's actions. In the model of reciprocal causation, people partly determine the nature of their environment and are influenced by it. Self-regulatory functions are personally constructed from varied experiences and not simply environmentally
implanted.
Among the mechanisms of human agency, beliefs of personal efficacy is also very pervasive and other factors serve more as guides and motivators, as they are rooted in the core belief that one has the power to produce what one desires. Do beliefs of personal efficacy contribute to human functioning? If it was otherwise people would have little incentive or motivation to act or to persevere in the face of difficulties. This core belief affect whether individuals think in self-enhancing or self-debilitating ways, how well they motivate themselves and persevere in the face of difficulties, the quality of their emotional well-being and their vulnerability to stress and depression, and the choices they make at important decisional points. The critique for this theory comes from this aspect since self-efficacy beliefs operate in concert with goal systems of self-regulation in contrast to the focus of control theory on discrepancy reduction. As evaluated by 9 meta-analyses for the effect sizes of self-efficacy beliefs and by the vast body of research on goal setting, contradicts findings that belief in one’s capabilities and personal goals is self-debilitating. &lt;ref&gt;Vancouver, J. B., Thompson, C. M., Tischner, E. C., &amp; Putka, D. J. (2002). Two studies examining the negative effect of self-efficacy on performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(3), 506.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Outcome Expectation===

Studies of the relationship between self-beliefs and performance tend to draw on this or related theories and usually endorse the notion of reciprocal determinism at a theoretical level which can also set the basis for self-efficacy level. However, attempts to model this mutual influence of self-beliefs and performance are few and are focused on the relationship between self-concept and performance. Comparisons are made between those who overestimate how well they will perform (over-estimators), those who underestimate their level of performance (under-estimators) and those who have an accurate perception of their performance level (accurate estimators) to determine how the three groups differ.&lt;ref&gt;Ng, J. R., &amp; Earl, J. K. (2008). Accuracy in self-assessment: the role of ability, feedback, self-efficacy and goal orientation. Australian Journal of Career Development, 17(3), 39-50.&lt;/ref&gt;  If differences exist then recommendations can be made to improve the accuracy of self-estimates, and thereby improve the efficacy of such measures. A key consideration is what differentiates those that are able to accurately self-assess from those that produce erroneous self-assessments.  Feedback is also a very important factor in building outcome expectation and self-efficacy. Athanasou (2005) identified three key sources of feedback used by people in deriving self-estimates: social messages, personal factors and situational factors. Social messages were sources of information derived from interaction with others. Three types of social messages influenced self-evaluation: comparisons we make of ourselves with others, feedback we receive from others, and the social and cultural stereotypes.&lt;ref&gt;Athanasou, J. A. (2005). Self-Evaluations in Adult Education and Training.Australian Journal of Adult Learning, 45(3), 290-303.&lt;/ref&gt; Results from the above study indicated four main areas of feedback sources, and a positive relationship between ability and accuracy of self-estimates. Learning goal orientation and use of feedback were positively related; however their effects on accuracy of self-assessment were contrary to those hypothesized. Analyses indicated a positive relationship between ability and accuracy of self-assessments. However, over-estimators recorded higher levels of confidence, learning goal orientation and usefulness of feedback than the other groups.Most studies report the relationship between estimates of ability and actual ability to be only moderate.&lt;ref&gt;Ng, J. R., &amp; Earl, J. K. (2008). Accuracy in self-assessment: the role of ability, feedback, self-efficacy and goal orientation. Australian Journal of Career Development, 17(3), 39-50.&lt;/ref&gt; Thus the reciprocal determinism of self-efficacy and performance seems to be without direct empirical support, probably because the longitudinal, repeated-measures data often considered necessary for this purpose are not available. It is possible, though, to model reciprocal effects with cross-sectional data. In the analyses reported in an article, the authors achieved this using a structural model in which the mutual influence of self-efficacy and performance in mathematics is represented as a feedback loop. This model was estimated in each of 33 nations on the basis of data on the mathematics self-efficacy and mathematics achievement of 15-year-olds.  First, the reciprocal determinism of mathematics self-efficacy and achievement was supported in 26 of the 30 nations, providing empirical support for this proposition as an explanation for the observed relationship between mathematics self-efficacy and achievement.  The model was a good fit to the data in 30 nations and was supportive of reciprocal determinism in 24 of these, suggesting a fundamental psychological process that transcends national and cultural boundaries. Such evidence can suggest the link between culture which is an example of environmental factors correlated to self-efficacy and performance. &lt;ref&gt;Williams, T., &amp; Williams, K. (2010). Self-efficacy and performance in mathematics: Reciprocal determinism in 33 nations. Journal of educational Psychology, 102(2), 453.&lt;/ref&gt; Taken together, these findings provide persuasive support for Bandura's contention that self-beliefs and performance iteratively modify each other until the individual comes to a realistic appraisal of his or her self-worth or competence relative to the (mathematics) tasks at hand.

===Goal Orientation===
According to Locke and Latham (2002), ‘A goal is the object or aim of an action, for example, to attain a specific standard of proficiency, usually within a specified time limit'.&lt;ref&gt; Locke, E. A., &amp; Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey. American psychologist, 57(9), 705.&lt;/ref&gt; Elliot (1997) sees goals as cognitive representations that guide individual behaviour by focusing on specific outcomes. These definitions have a common thread that they suggest goal‐setting is based on purposeful conscious human behavior.&lt;ref&gt;Elliot, A. J., &amp; Church, M. A. (1997). A hierarchical model of approach and avoidance achievement motivation. Journal of personality and social psychology, 72(1), 218.&lt;/ref&gt; Thus, a goal is that which an individual hopes to reach or attain through purposeful behavior. '''Goal orientation''' refers to the mental framework that influences how people approach situations of achievement in terms of interpreting the situation and motivation to achieve. Past research suggests that goal orientation may be treated as either an individual trait or a situational characteristic. Button, Mathieu and Zajac (1996) claimed that goal orientation has both the dispositional and situational components.&lt;ref&gt;Button, S. B., Mathieu, J. E., &amp; Zajac, D. M. (1996). Goal orientation in organizational research: A conceptual and empirical foundation. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 67(1), 26-48.&lt;/ref&gt; 
	College students who hold a strong learning goal orientation are more likely to pursue challenging activities and to exert greater effort when presented with a difficult class, topic, or activity. this mastery pattern is adaptive in an academic setting and leads to a higher level of achievement.&lt;ref&gt;Vieira Jr, E. T., &amp; Grantham, S. (2011). University students setting goals in the context of autonomy, self‐efficacy and important goal‐related task engagement. Educational Psychology, 31(2), 141-156. &lt;/ref&gt; There are two types of goal orientation: performance orientation, where the aim of completing a task is to gain favorable judgments of one’s performance; and learning orientation, where the aim is to gain knowledge. Theoretically these orientations produce different behaviors. Individuals with a performance orientation are more likely to avoid challenges and pressure because that might increase the likelihood of failure and consequently be judged negatively by others. For people with performance orientation, their aim is on the performance and external reinforcement components such as positive feedback and judgment on their work or grades in school and taking risks that will result in negative feedback or bad grades lower their motivation to challenge tasks. In contrast individuals with a learning orientation seek out challenges and maintain their motivation even under difficult conditions, for them, failure is also a form of useful feedback. For learners with learning orientation, the process itself is also reward for learning and the result of succeeding or not does not effect them very much because they are more focused on gaining the knowledge which ironically often results in good external feedback and results as well.&lt;ref&gt;Ng, J. R., &amp; Earl, J. K. (2008). Accuracy in self-assessment: the role of ability, feedback, self-efficacy and goal orientation. Australian Journal of Career Development, 17(3), 39-50.&lt;/ref&gt; Button et al., (1996) concluded from their investigations that learning and performance goal orientations were not mutually exclusive, each goal orientation represent a different end of a continuum. 	
	Self-efficacious students are better goal setters, because of their willingness to set “close” rather than “distant” goals and the ability to set one's own goals; also it has been shown that these students have an enhance self-efficacy. This also implies that student‐initiated goals and related achievement can be important to the subsequent establishment of challenging goals being applied to complex situations. In other words, perceptions of higher levels of control and goal commitment (self‐efficacy beliefs and a willingness to engage in important goal tasks) influence an individual’s willingness to set difficult goals[11]. 

===Task Engagement===
Self-efficacy is linked with the initial task engagement, persistence of task engagement, and successful performance. In self-efficacy, first setting the goal from the level of self-perceived performance expectation leads to how the student will approach and engage in a task. There seems to be two aspects to task engagement: the first is the willingness or the level of motivation to engage in a given tasks and the second aspect would be the actual attitude and behavior of engaging in the certain tasks. One’s ability and willingness to establish challenging yet achievable goals is necessary to evaluate options, make decisions, plan and achieve meaningful accomplishments. A willingness to take on important goal‐related tasks and have positive self‐efficacy beliefs were associated with those who reported a readiness to set difficult goals.  This suggests that an individual, who experiences a general sense of autonomy, may likely extend this perspective to specific situations. Inversely, an individual who experiences a low general sense of autonomy may perceive less autonomy in specific situations.  A sense of having autonomy, for example, through the opportunity to choose, is related to confidence in one’s ability to complete a task successfully.&lt;ref&gt;Bandura, A. (1982). Self-efficacy mechanism in human agency. American psychologist, 37(2), 122.&lt;/ref&gt; Individuals, who perceive a margin of control in their lives, might take on difficult goal‐related tasks, since they likely feel confident in affecting outcomes. An individual’s sense of having some control in life as supported by choice is positively related to a sense of self‐efficacy and a willingness to engage in important goal tasks. By its very nature, goal‐setting invokes task effort that may include planning in order to increase the probability of success. Goal‐setting is thus a key component in self‐regulation (Locke &amp; Latham, 2002) and can facilitate learning.  Results suggest that before males engage in challenging goal attainment they must perceive themselves as self‐efficacious, whereas females are inspired by tasks that are important to them. If the tasks are important, so are the goals, regardless of their difficult nature.  One’s ability and willingness to establish challenging yet achievable goals is necessary to evaluate options, make decisions, plan and achieve meaningful accomplishments. For example, in two studies, one with undergraduate university students and the other with high school students, Sideridis (2001) found the important task of maintaining a high GPA contributed to normative beliefs in the goal, importance of effort, intention to achieve the goal and positive study behaviors such as organizing and planning, which resulted in satisfaction over the long term.&lt;ref&gt;Sideridis, G. D. (2001). The causal role of goal importance for the explanation of student study behaviour: Cross-validation with multiple samples. Educational Psychology, 21(3), 277-298.&lt;/ref&gt; These studies suggest the saliency of goal‐setting and self‐efficacy in academic achievement. They also imply that student‐initiated goals and related achievement can be important to the subsequent establishment of challenging goals being applied to complex situations. The literature indicates that an individual’s sense of having some control in life as supported by choice is positively related to a sense of self‐efficacy and a willingness to engage in important goal tasks. 

===Persistence===

'''Persistence''' is defined as the act of perseverance in spite of obstacles and frustrations. Although the persistence of an individual can be respective to a variety of factors, it is found that the level of self-efficacy in an individual amounts to the extent of persistence in an individual. As self-efficacy refers to the degree of confidence of one’s ability to succeed at a task, the strength of one’s perceived efficacy accompanied by motivation highly corresponds to the extent to which they persist in a given task. In an observational study made by Hackett and Betz (1981), it was hypothesized that efficacy expectations are associated to the degree of persistence that lead to success in an educational setting. Their study ultimately found that both level and strength of self-efficacy for educational requirements were generally related to persistence and successful academic outcome in students &lt;ref&gt;Lent, R. (1984). Relation of Self-Efficacy Expectations to Academic Achievement and Persistence. University of Minnesota.&lt;/ref&gt;. Motivation is another determining factor that contributes to an individual’s persistence. A logistic regression analyses and general linear modelling approach was applied to predicting persistence and academic success in students. In both cases of academic motivation on persistence and academic success, it was proven that amotivation was the single significant motivational predictor in the final models &lt;ref&gt;Lent, R. (1984). Relation of Self-Efficacy Expectations to Academic Achievement and Persistence. University of Minnesota.&lt;/ref&gt;. These results are associated with the level of self-efficacy of the participants as the level of their motivation also seems to branch from the level of their self-efficacy. 

''Case Study'': 
In another study done by Taylor and Betz (1983), self-efficacy was measured in relation to the tasks required in career decision making. This study was aimed to investigate the theory of self-efficacy beliefs tied with academic success and persistence in students who were considering careers in the science and engineering field. It was discovered that college students’ efficacy expectations were dependent on the degree of their career indecision; students who were indecisive about their career path were less confident in their ability to complete the tasks required to make career decisions, and those who had decided on their career path experienced the reverse. The expectations of self-efficacy in completing their education for their specific technical/scientific careers were acquired at the beginning, at the end, and two months following a ten week academic course in career planning. The strengths of individual self-efficacy was then assessed by having students give an estimate of their level of confidence in ability to complete these requirements and duties for career performance. Other correlations that were used to measure the relationship between self-efficacy and academic success included the individual’s Math PSAT scores and high school rank and it was found that self-efficacy for technical/scientific educational requirements appeared to be related to objective measures of mathematical aptitude and high school academic achievement. According to Bandura, performance accomplishments are hypothesized to be an influential factor in self-efficacy; based on this notion, the subjects’ knowledge of their previous academic performance and aptitude test scores may have had a part in determining their efficacy expectations &lt;ref&gt;Bandera, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change, 84(2), 191-215&lt;/ref&gt;. On the other hand, the relationship between measured and perceived ability did not correlate, which in turn suggests that the appeal of studying both efficacy expectation and objective ability as they can contribute to the understanding of career-relevant outcomes. Further work can be done in determining a causal connection between self-efficacy and particular academic behaviors with factors such as objective ability and incentive for performance can be considered in this context. 

As much of previous studies on self-efficacy were based on the examination of targets problems, such as phobias, and performance criteria, like behavioral avoidance tests, this particular investigation looked at self-efficacy in various different levels and sets of academic behaviors. The expectations were not confined to an educational setting, but branched out into the consideration of occupational fields titles. The fact that significant relations were found with such variable and nonspecific factors suggests that “self-efficacy may be a relatively robust and flexible model that may help to explain complex as well as relatively discrete behaviors” &lt;ref&gt;Lent, R. (1984). Relation of Self-Efficacy Expectations to Academic Achievement and Persistence. University of Minnesota.&lt;/ref&gt;. Overall, this study resulted in the confirmation of the strength of efficacy expectations in relation to persistence and success in major choice. 


===Strategy use===

Strategy use is a significant factor in determining the level of self-efficacy in individuals and vice versa. The use of strategy enables students to regulate their behavior and be in control of their learning environment, thus putting a significance on self-regulation in establishing a connection to successful uses of strategy with positive outcomes. Furthermore, the different strategies used by an individual is strongly dependent on their perception of academic efficacy as well as some factors of reciprocal feedback through teachers. According to Zimmerman, students use strategies to regulate three foundational aspects for learning: their personal functioning, academic behavioral performance, and their learning environments &lt;ref&gt;Zimmerman, B., &amp; Pons, M. (1990). Student differences in self-regulated learning: Relating grade, sex. and giftedness to self-efficacy and strategy use. Estados Unidos: American Psychological Association.&lt;/ref&gt;. Personal regulation are strategies such as organization, rehearsal, memorizing, goal setting and planning; strategies that are geared towards enhancing behavioral functioning are things such as self-evaluation and self-consequating; and finally, strategies that include students to seek information, keep records and seeking assistance can improve students’ immediate learning environment. For those students who are successful in self-regulation seem to have a general understanding of the environment on themselves and hold the ability to improve that environment through the use of strategy. To better understand students’ use of these self-regulated learning strategies and the factors that affect motivation for strategy use, we can take a look at Zimmerman and Martinez-Pons’ study conducted in 1986. This study was aimed at measuring students’ self-regulated learning strategies through the Self-Regulated Learning Interview Schedule (SLRIS). The results found that the measures of strategy use were highly correlated with students’ academic achievement &lt;ref&gt;Zimmerman, B., &amp; Pons, M. (1990). Student differences in self-regulated learning: Relating grade, sex. and giftedness to self-efficacy and strategy use. Estados Unidos: American Psychological Association.&lt;/ref&gt;; additionally, perceptions of self-efficacy also acted as a determinant of strategy use. 

''Case Study'':
The SLRIS that Zimmerman and Martinez-Pon used in their study measured strategy use by asking students to report the methods they used in various learning contexts. Two multiple regression analyses were conducted in order to determine students’ perception of academic efficacy in relation to '''self-regulated learning strategies'''. These learning strategies were then used to predict both verbal and mathematical efficacy, where verbal self-efficacy was related to the individual’s use of strategies such as organization, reviewing notes and seeking peer assistance and mathematical self-efficacy had similar results, with the exception of seeking adult assistance which was negatively correlated. Final results on the strategy use of students indicate that “the achievement of these students in school indicates that a triadic model of self-regulation may have merit for training students to become more effective learners” &lt;ref&gt;Zimmerman, B., &amp; Pons, M. (1990). Student differences in self-regulated learning: Relating grade, sex. and giftedness to self-efficacy and strategy use. Estados Unidos: American Psychological Association.&lt;/ref&gt;.

In providing individuals with the necessary tools for efficient strategy use, Zimmerman proposes an academic self-regulation model called the SRL model. The theory behind this model outlines how teachers can aid students in becoming more engaged in their learning and lead to improvement in academic performance. The SRL model makes use of an feedback cycle consisting of three phases: planning, practice, and evaluation. In the planning phase, students will have a chance to carefully assess their academic environment and pick a strategy that can most efficiently address their learning goals. During the practice phase, students can implement their chosen strategy and make ongoing adjustments to the plan as they go, also giving them the opportunity to self-monitor their progress. Finally, in the evaluation phase, students can evaluate the effective of each strategy that was used to help obtain their learning goals. This model can be useful in to providing individuals with the necessary techniques to regulate their academic behaviors and control their learning environment.

===Effort===

Self-regulation strategies alongside self-efficacy successively help maintain the level of effort put forth by an individual. Volition is represented in effort regulation which describes one’s willingness towards a given task. Zimmerman and Martinez-Pons (1990) reported that individuals who demonstrate the successful use of self-regulation strategies and hold a high degree of self-efficacy were likely to succeed academically; this demonstrates that self-efficacy helps maintain '''volition''' and those who are successful in doing so consequently appear to promote the use of self-regulation strategies &lt;ref&gt;Onoda, S. (2014). Examining the relationships between self-efficacy, effort regulation strategy use, and English vocabulary skills. Studies in Self-Access Learning Journal, 5(4), 357-371.&lt;/ref&gt;. Zimmerman’s Model of Self-Regulatory Process explains that learners regulate and maintain their concentration, attention and motivation so that they can learn efficiently and achieve their determined goal &lt;ref&gt;Zimmerman, B., &amp; Pons, M. (1990). Student differences in self-regulated learning: Relating grade, sex. and giftedness to self-efficacy and strategy use. Estados Unidos: American Psychological Association&lt;/ref&gt;. Based on this, there exists a three stage model of self-regulation that includes three cyclical phases involved in the self-relation process: a forethought phase, a volitional or performance control phase, and a self-reflection phase. When a student is engaged in a task, their learning behavior is supported by volitional/performance control. They then regulate themselves by strategies such as maintaining concentration, attention and motivation. The last stage to this model is the reflection on learning outcomes. This reflection helps individuals in maintaining the motivation needed to maintain and improve on their performance for future academic success. 

Throughout the three stages mentioned, the phase of volition and performance control is a significant factor in looking at effort. When individuals set an initial learning goal in the stage of forethought they are then needed to regulate themselves and use strategies that can allow them to reach their goal. One of the learning strategies used includes effort regulation which is then represented through volition. Furthermore, as motivation is associated with effort and volition, it can then be seen as an essential construct of self-efficacy which ultimately fosters effort regulation. Zimmerman suggests that it is crucial for educators to understand the importance of learners developing self-efficacy because this can positively affect effort regulation strategy use; in order to promote self-efficacy teachers can help learners experience personal mastery experiences such as observing peers, repeated successful experiences and positive feedback that will allow them to improve their effort regulation strategies as manifested by volition &lt;ref&gt;Zimmerman, B., &amp; Pons, M. (1990). Student differences in self-regulated learning: Relating grade, sex. and giftedness to self-efficacy and strategy use. Estados Unidos: American Psychological Association&lt;/ref&gt;. In addition to these ideas, Onoda’s results of examining the relationship between self-efficacy and effort regulation strategy use determined that self-efficacy indeed significantly influenced effort regulation strategy use &lt;ref&gt;Onoda, S. (2014). Examining the relationships between self-efficacy, effort regulation strategy use, and English vocabulary skills. Studies in Self-Access Learning Journal, 5(4), 357-371&lt;/ref&gt;. Through a series of questions based on the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire created by Pintrich, Smith, Garcia, &amp; McKeachie (1993), it was discovered that self-efficacy developed through previous learning experiences was a determining factor in employing effort regulation as well as their ability to control their learning behavior for successful learning.

===Enactive and Vicarious learning===
'''Enactive and vicarious learning''' represent two different ways of acquiring knowledge &lt;ref&gt;Schunk, D. H. (2012). Social cognitive theory. In K. R. Harris, S. Graham, T. Urdan, C. B. McCormick, G.  M. Sinatra, J. Sweller, J. Sweller (Eds.) , APA educational psychology handbook, Vol 1: Theories, constructs, and critical issues (pp. 101-123). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association doi:10.1037/13273-005&lt;/ref&gt;. Enactive learning occurs when one learn something by doing it; and vicarious learning refers to the learning that occurs when one observes others perform a task. Enactive learning, because it involves active engagement on a task, may appear to be most important because students can learn the steps to perform a task successfully; however it can also lead to a trial and error cycle if the student do not possess the knowledge required to perform the task. On the other hand, vicarious learning might seem more time effective because one does not actively perform the task and therefore there is no risk for errors, but at the same time it requires students to use more cognitive abilities such as focusing attention on the model that is being observed, and retaining the information intended to be learned. &lt;ref&gt;Schunk, D. H. (2012). Social cognitive theory. In K. R. Harris, S. Graham, T. Urdan, C. B. McCormick, G.  M. Sinatra, J. Sweller, J. Sweller (Eds.) , APA educational psychology handbook, Vol 1: Theories, constructs, and critical issues (pp. 101-123). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association doi:10.1037/13273-005&lt;/ref&gt; In spite of these differences, much of the learning happens enactively and vicariously; in mathematics for example, students first need to learn the theoretical knowledge of how to solve a problem before they attend to do it. In fact when both types of knowledge are used, the chances for errors is significantly reduced.&lt;ref&gt;Schunk, D. H. (2012). Social cognitive theory. In K. R. Harris, S. Graham, T. Urdan, C. B. McCormick, G.  M. Sinatra, J. Sweller, J. Sweller (Eds.) , APA educational psychology handbook, Vol 1: Theories, constructs, and critical issues (pp. 101-123). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association doi:10.1037/13273-005&lt;/ref&gt;
 
When discussing vicarious learning it is important to distinguish between learning and performance. Although learning might occur by observing a model, performance on a task might depend in several other factors such as motivation, interest, confidence, and several other factors. Self-efficacy might also play an important role in performance of a task that was previously learned by observation. As previously mentioned, self–efficacy is a judgement of one’s ability to perform a task in a specific domain. &lt;ref&gt; Bruning, R. H., Schraw G. J., Norby M. M., (2011) Cognitive Psychology and Instruction. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.&lt;/ref&gt; A student who has high levels of self-efficacy, is more likely to perform a task that was learned vicariously. One important question to ask is whether observational learning can improve the self-efficacy of students. Braaksma. M. H and his colleagues claim that indeed the relation between observational learning and self-efficacy can be influenced by the perceive similarities between a student and the model; this means that students who can identify with a model are more likely to learn from observation and increase their self-efficacy. &lt;ref&gt; Braaksma, M. H., Rijlaarsdam, G., &amp; van den Bergh, H. (2002). Observational learning and the effects of  model-observer similarity. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 94(2), 405-415. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.2.405&lt;/ref&gt; 

Because self-efficacy is domain-specific, Braaksma. M. H and his colleagues (2002) &lt;ref&gt;Braaksma, M. H., Rijlaarsdam, G., &amp; van den Bergh, H. (2002). Observational learning and the effects of  model-observer similarity. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 94(2), 405-415. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.2.405&lt;/ref&gt;  examined whether if students could learn more efficiently when observing  a model that has more share similarities to them compared to models that are more different. The study involved a written task where participants observed peer models write argumentative texts. The authors separated the participants into three conditions: participants who observed a competent model, those who observed a non-competitive model, and a control group where participants just did the written task without observing any model. Results from this study show that students who were weak at writing benefit more from observing the writing of non-competent models, and strong students benefit more from observing competent models. The results from this study show that perceived model identification is important. The author offer several reasons for this results, perhaps the results can be explained better by individual's need for social comparison and identification. &lt;ref&gt;Schunk, D. H. (2012). Social cognitive theory. In K. R. Harris, S. Graham, T. Urdan, C. B. McCormick, G.  M. Sinatra, J. Sweller, J. Sweller (Eds.) , APA educational psychology handbook, Vol 1: Theories, constructs, and critical issues (pp. 101-123). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association doi:10.1037/13273-005&lt;/ref&gt; It might be the case that participants who were stronger writers identify more with competent writers since both have more things in common, such as writing style and error recognition. &lt;ref&gt;Braaksma, M. H., Rijlaarsdam, G., &amp; van den Bergh, H. (2002). Observational learning and the effects of  model-observer similarity. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 94(2), 405-415. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.2.405&lt;/ref&gt;


Another interesting finding from this study is that participants who were considered strong writers benefit from both observation and performance of the written task. According to the authors, strong writers possessed previous information about writing and are probably able to divide their attention between learning and performing. In contrast weak writers, since they might not possess enough information about the task, were unable to do this. Hoover, J. D., Giambatista, R. C., &amp; Belkin, L. Y. (2012) &lt;ref&gt; Hoover, J. D., Giambatista, R. C., &amp; Belkin, L. Y. (2012). Eyes on, hands on: Vicarious observational  learning as an enhancement of direct experience. Academy Of Management Learning &amp; Education, 11(4), 591-608. doi:10.5465/amle.2010.0102&lt;/ref&gt; offer some further support for this finding. In their study participants were divided into two conditions: observation-performance, and performance only. The task in this study was a more complicated one compared to the study previously described; it involved negotiation between a buyer and a seller. Participants in the observation-performance condition were able to solve the negotiation problem more effectively than the performance alone condition. Together these findings point out that Vicarious or observation learning can increase performance and consequently raise the self-efficacy of students. 

The results from both of these studies described above may have important implications for learning. On the one hand, Braaksma, M. H., et al study (2002) &lt;ref&gt;Braaksma, M. H., Rijlaarsdam, G., &amp; van den Bergh, H. (2002). Observational learning and the effects of  model-observer similarity. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 94(2), 405-415. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.2.405&lt;/ref&gt;. show the importance of share similarities between models and students. In classrooms, teachers might enhance the learning of their students by asking a student to perform a task infront of his other peers. In math learning for example, a teacher may ask someone who seem to understand the procedures of solving a specific problem to come to the blackboard and solve the problem so everyone could see. By observing peers solving a math problem, students might feel more identified with the model since both share similar characteristics such as level of intelligence, student roles, and even physical characteristics. On the other hand,  Hoover, J. D., et al (2012) &lt;ref&gt;Hoover, J. D., Giambatista, R. C., &amp; Belkin, L. Y. (2012). Eyes on, hands on: Vicarious observational  learning as an enhancement of direct experience. Academy Of Management Learning &amp; Education, 11(4), 591-608. doi:10.5465/amle.2010.0102&lt;/ref&gt; study show that learning can be enhanced when observation and performance are combined. in classrooms, teachers might ask volunteers to try to solve a similar problem after observing the performance of other students. Observation, can also be important in the classroom because students might also get motivated to try to solve a task after observing one of their peers performance. 

===Modelling===
The results from the studies described above suggest that modeling plays an essential role in learning; in a classroom for instance, students can learn from the performance of teachers and peers on a math problems; However not all models are the same; In Braaksma. M. .H; et al (2002) &lt;ref&gt;Braaksma, M. H., Rijlaarsdam, G., &amp; van den Bergh, H. (2002). '''Observational learning''' and the effects of  model-observer similarity. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 94(2), 405-415. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.2.405&lt;/ref&gt; study, Strong writers benefit more from observing competent models and weaker writer from observing non-competent models. These results suggest that observational learning might depend somehow on specific characteristics of the model. These results also suggest that similarities between learners and models can be essential for learning. For instance in schools, students might learn more effectively from the performance of peers on a math problem. As it was mentioned in the previous section,there are several explanations for the fact that students are more likely to learn from other students compared to less similar models such as teachers or older peers; one reason is '''identification'''; students recognize and identify with the characteristics they share with a peer model. Another reason is '''social comparison''' where students compare themselves to peer models; and a final reason might be related to'''Self-evaluation''', that  is when students use others as a standard to evaluate themselves.&lt;ref&gt;Schunk, D. H. (2012). Social cognitive theory. In K. R. Harris, S. Graham, T. Urdan, C. B. McCormick, G.  M. Sinatra, J. Sweller, J. Sweller (Eds.) , APA educational psychology handbook, Vol 1: Theories, constructs, and critical issues (pp. 101-123). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association doi:10.1037/13273-005&lt;/ref&gt;  Similarly modelling also serve different functions; according to Bandura (as cited by Schunk, H, D; 2012) &lt;ref&gt;Schunk, D. H. (2012). Social cognitive theory. In K. R. Harris, S. Graham, T. Urdan, C. B. McCormick, G.  M. Sinatra, J. Sweller, J. Sweller (Eds.) , APA educational psychology handbook, Vol 1: Theories, constructs, and critical issues (pp. 101-123). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association doi:10.1037/13273-005&lt;/ref&gt; there are three main functions of modeling: to facilitate responses, disinhibit student's responses, and provide observational learning. In a classroom students might feel more motivated to participate in a discussion when they see other peers doing the same, and might feel more confident to do so.

Another function of modelling is that it provides the necessary strategies that enhance learning such as active engagement and participation &lt;ref&gt;Craig, S. D., Chi, M. H., &amp; VanLehn, K. (2009). In a classroom, Learning can be enhanced by Collaboratively Observing Human Tutoring Videos While Problem Solving. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 101(4), 779-789. doi:10.1037/a0016601&lt;/ref&gt;. Improving Classroom Learning by simultaneously Observing Human Tutoring Videos while Problem Solving might be more effective than either watching a video or solving a problem alone &lt;ref&gt; Craig, S. D., Chi, M. H., &amp; VanLehn, K. (2009) Journal Of Educational Psychology, 101(4), 779-789. doi:10.1037/a0016601&lt;/ref&gt;; furthermore it is important to encourage students to ask questions, discuss, and use examples to self-explain the material, in oth words it is important o actively involve students in their learning. Craig et al (2009) &lt;ref&gt;Craig, S. D., Chi, M. H., &amp; VanLehn, K. (2009). Improving Classroom Learning by Collaboratively Observing Human Tutoring Videos While Problem Solving. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 101(4), 779-789. doi:10.1037/a0016601&lt;/ref&gt; emphasize the importance of active observation in learning. '''Active observation''' refers to observing that facilitates engagement with the material so as to facilitate deeper processing (Chi et al; 2008 as cited in Craig et al; 2009) &lt;ref&gt;Craig, S. D., Chi, M. H., &amp; VanLehn, K. (2009). Improving Classroom Learning by Collaboratively Observing  Human Tutoring Videos While Problem Solving. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 101(4), 779-789. doi:10.1037/a0016601&lt;/ref&gt;. In a study intended to explore the impact of collaboration on learning,  Participants were divided into two conditions; the '''collaborative observing tutoring''' where students watch a video of a tutor teaching a student how to solve a problem, and a '''worked example''' where students watch a video of a tutor giving and performing the instructions of how to solve a problem. Participants were given a physics problem to solve right after they watch the videos and again 26 days after they watch the video. The results show no difference in score in the immediate post-test, but students in the collaborative observing tutoring score higher when the task was applied 26 days later. These results suggest that modelling provides essential strategies for effective learning such scaffolding and explanations in order to promote long-term retention of knowledge. &lt;ref&gt;Craig, S. D., Chi, M. H., &amp; VanLehn, K. (2009). Improving Classroom Learning by Collaboratively Observing  Human Tutoring Videos While Problem Solving. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 101(4), 779-789. doi:10.1037/a0016601&lt;/ref&gt;

Results of this studies can be easily applied to classrooms. As mentioned in the previous section, teachers can not only enhanced immediate learning by assigning a student to demonstrate how a problem is solved in front of the classroom, but also encourage retention of knowledge. Given that perceived similarities depend on specific characteristics of a model, students might be more complying to look at other students as an extension of their own capabilities. When a student is more skillful at solving a particular problem than another, perceived similarities may play an important role since, a less skill individual might feel more motivated to perform at the same level as the highly-skilled peer. In contrast when a model is perceived to be less similar, such as teaches or older peers, the student's motivation to achieve at the same level might suffer Braaksma, M. H., Rijlaarsdam, G., &amp; van den Bergh, H. (2002)&lt;ref&gt;Braaksma, M. H., Rijlaarsdam, G., &amp; van den Bergh, H. (2002). Observational learning and the effects of  model-observer similarity. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 94(2), 405-415. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.94.2.405&lt;/ref&gt;.   

===Teacher efficacy===
In classrooms, teachers and students are equally affected by beliefs about their own abilities to perform a task. In the case of teachers, the beliefs are about their own capability to teach &lt;ref&gt; Holzberger, D., Philipp, A., &amp; Kunter, M. (2013). How teachers’ self-efficacy is related to instructional  quality: A longitudinal analysis. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 105(3), 774-786. doi:10.1037/a0032198&lt;/ref&gt; '''Teacher efficacy''' can be influenced by several factors such as classroom experiences, relation with colleagues, and even school settings. &lt;ref&gt; Knoblauch, D., &amp; Chase, M. A. (2015). Rural, suburban, and urban schools: The impact of school setting on the efficacy beliefs and attributions of student teachers. Teaching And Teacher Education 45104-114. doi:10.1016/j.tate.2014.10.001&lt;/ref&gt; Knoblauch, D., &amp; Chase, M. A. (2015) show that teachers have lower sense of efficacy in urban areas, this was perhaps because of the challenges that urban teaching represent. Teacher efficacy has a great impact on student’s learning. &lt;ref&gt;Bruning, R. H., Schraw G. J., Norby M. M., (2011) Cognitive Psychology and Instruction. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.&lt;/ref&gt;  Teacher efficacy is associated with effective classroom management, efficient teaching methods, and greater student’s achievements. &lt;ref&gt;Holzberger, D., Philipp, A., &amp; Kunter, M. (2013). How teachers’ self-efficacy is related to instructional  quality: A longitudinal analysis. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 105(3), 774-786. doi:10.1037/a0032198&lt;/ref&gt;  Teachers with high self-efficacy can influence student’s performance in several ways; they can encourage '''mastery experiences''', provide '''verbal persuasion''', and give '''informational feedback''' (Holzberger, D., et al 2015) &lt;ref&gt;Holzberger, D., Philipp, A., &amp; Kunter, M. (2013). How teachers’ self-efficacy is related to instructional  quality: A longitudinal analysis. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 105(3), 774-786. doi:10.1037/a0032198&lt;/ref&gt; In summary, at schools, teachers with high self-efficacy can be fabulous models for students since they can not only raise their academic success but also enhance their learning by providing effective instructions.

In one longitudinal study conducted by Holzberger, D., et al (2015) &lt;ref&gt;Holzberger, D., Philipp, A., &amp; Kunter, M. (2013). How teachers’ self-efficacy is related to instructional quality: A longitudinal analysis. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 105(3), 774-786. doi:10.1037/a0032198&lt;/ref&gt;  intended to explore the relation between teacher efficacy and the quality of instructions, students and teachers complete some test intended to measure teacher efficacy (social interaction with kids, and coping with job stress) and quality of instructions (cognitive activation, and mastery experiences). The tests were applied at the end of grade 9 and then again at the end of grade ten in order to measure changes in teacher efficacy or quality of instructions. Results show that scores in teacher efficacy measures change over the course of a year, it either improve or decrease depending on external variables such as student’s achievement and curriculum changes. Regarding quality of instructions, scores did not change between time 1 and time 2 suggesting that teacher efficacy and instructional quality are independent of each other and might be explained by other variables such as motivation to keep their jobs. It is important to notice that these results do not imply that teacher efficacy is irrelevant to learning. Even though this study might not show a relation between teacher efficacy and instructional quality, teacher efficacy is associated with other strategies that can enhance learning such as verbal persuasion and provision of feedback Schunk, H, D; 2012) &lt;ref&gt;Schunk, D. H. (2012). Social cognitive theory. In K. R. Harris, S. Graham, T. Urdan, C. B. McCormick, G.  M. Sinatra, J. Sweller, J. Sweller (Eds.) , APA educational psychology handbook, Vol 1: Theories, constructs, and critical issues (pp. 101-123). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association doi:10.1037/13273-005&lt;/ref&gt;.


Another interesting feature that characterized teachers with high levels of self efficacy is related to agency. As previously mentioned, agency is the willingness of a person to act in any given environment. Because at schools, often, there are situations that teachers can control such as classroom management, and situations that teachers cannot control like curriculum demands, teacher efficacy involve the ability to act on those features that can be control. At the beginning of this section, it was established that teacher efficacy is related to effective classroom management, and efficient study methods, these are features that are under the control of teachers. Teachers with high levels of efficacy focus on the things they can control while being aware of the situations that are out of their control (the figure shown below state some other situations that teachers can an cannot control).


According to Bandura (as cited in Woolfolk, A. E., &amp; Hoy, W. K. 1990) &lt;ref&gt;Woolfolk, A. E., &amp; Hoy, W. K. (1990). Prospective teachers' sense of efficacy and beliefs about control. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 82(1), 81-91. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.81&lt;/ref&gt; the motivation of teachers to manage the classroom and use efficient teaching strategies depend on two factors: outcome expectation and efficacy factors. Efficacy factors refer to individual beliefs that one is capable to perform effectively on a task; in contrast, Outcome expectation refers to individual's judgement about the likelihood that a positive or negative outcome might happen. Teacher efficacy is a combination of these two factors, for instance a teacher who believe that she can greatly impact the learning of her students (personal efficacy), is more likely to believe that her effort s will result in a positive outcome (outcome expectation).


In a study, Woolfolk, A. E., &amp; Hoy, W. K. (1990) intended to explore the relation between personal efficacy, outcome expectation, and classroom management. Participants in the study did a bunch of questionnaires intended to measure personal efficacy, teachers' outcome expectation, and strategies for classroom management. The results show a complex relation between these variables; overall, the results show that teachers who have higher personal efficacy tend to have positive views about outcomes and therefore use more humanistic strategies such as cooperative interactions and direct experiences. In contrast, teachers with a lower sense of personal efficacy tend to hold negative predictions about outcomes, and use more rigid and highly control environments in order to manage the classroom. Similarly, teachers with high personal efficacy have more positive views about teaching than teachers with lower efficacy, and therefore spend more effort to encourage intrinsic motivation on their students whereas teachers with lower efficacy tend to use rigid control strategies to elicit specific behaviors on their students &lt;ref&gt;Woolfolk, A. E., &amp; Hoy, W. K. (1990). Prospective teachers' sense of efficacy and beliefs about control.  	Journal of Educational Psychology, 82(1), 81-91. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.81 	&lt;/ref&gt; The results from this study clearly show that teacher efficacy is a complex construct that involve a combination of personal efficacy and the general beliefs about teaching. these results can serve to explain the findings from Holzberger, D., et al (2015) &lt;ref&gt;Holzberger, D., Philipp, A., &amp; Kunter, M. (2013). How teachers’ self-efficacy is related to instructional  quality: A longitudinal analysis. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 105(3), 774-786. doi:10.1037/a0032198&lt;/ref&gt; study. The fact instructional quality can remains the same overtime regardless of teachers' level of efficacy can result from a change in individuals beliefs about teaching but not in the beliefs about personal efficacy. teachers may still belief that they are capable of teaching because of the extrinsic rewards and therefore adopt more controlling strategies; but on the other hand, their intrinsic motivation to teach might be affected.

===Collective Efficacy===
So far we have discussed self-efficacy, enactive and vicarious learning, teacher-efficacy and how they are related to the reciprocal determinism. This part of the chapter is going to explore the concept of group efficacy. First there is a distinction that needs to be made between collective efficacy and group efficacy. '''Collective efficacy''' is each individual group member's perception of how well the group will do on the task&lt;ref&gt;Mulvey, P. W., &amp; Klein, H. J. (1998)&lt;/ref&gt;. Thus each group member could have a different collective efficacy based on their perception of the groups ability. Whereas '''group efficacy''' is the whole group's perception of how well the group will do on the task&lt;ref&gt;Mulvey, P. W., &amp; Klein, H. J. (1998)&lt;/ref&gt;. This would include each group member holding the same efficacy  This difference is small but is important when interpreting data results. The following discussion will look at collective efficacy, performance goals, group performance, group cohesion, social lofting and school efficacy. 

Bandura argued that collective efficacy is related to self-efficacy. He suggested that the four factors that influence self-efficacy also influence collective efficacy. These factors are enactive mastery, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and physiological and effective state.  He also emphasized social comparison, social influences, mix of knowledge, and past group performance which influence more specifically collective efficacy.  Making references to reciprocal determinism these factors each fall under either personal, behavioural or environmental &lt;ref&gt;Seijts, G. H., Latham, G. P., &amp; Whyte, G. (2000). Effect of self- and group efficacy on group performance in a mixed-motive situation. Human Performance, 13(3), 279-298. doi:10.1207/S15327043HUP1303_3&lt;/ref&gt;. Enactive mastery and mix of knowledge are personal factors. They are both related to knowledge that the individual already has which contributes to their feeling of being competent to complete a group task. Vicarious and social comparison are related to modelling which was discussed earlier. These behavioural factors influence collective efficacy. Verbal persuasion, physiological and affect states, and social influences are all related to environmental factors. Socially, these affect how the individual perceives his/her capability to complete a group task. Each of these factors contribute to collective efficacy.  Each of these factors interact with one another and together affect collective and group efficacy.

===Group Performance/ Performance Goals===
	Collective efficacy, group performance and performance goals are important aspects to examine. Collectively, research has shown that collective efficacy is related to group performance &lt;ref&gt;Mulvey, P. W., &amp; Klein, H. J. (1998). The impact of perceived loafing and collective efficacy in group goal processes and group performance. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 74(1), 62-87. doi:10.1006/obhd.1998.2753&lt;/ref&gt;  A higher sense of collective efficacy produces better performance on the task. Those students who perform well on group tasks often have higher collective efficacy than those who do not &lt;ref&gt;Stajkovic, A. D., Lee, D., &amp; Nyberg, A. J. (2009). Collective efficacy, group potency, and group performance: Meta-analyses of their relationships, and test of a mediation model. Journal Of Applied Psychology, 94(3), 814-828. doi:10.1037/a0015659&lt;/ref&gt;. For example, if a group is given the task to create a board game, and they have a high collective efficacy they are more likely to perform well. If the performance was done well it would be reflected in the grade or assessment that took place after the project. A way to improve collective efficacy and performance is through setting goals. 
In addition to group performance, the goals that a group sets are important, too. Research shows that when there are specific goals; overall performance and efficacy is higher than when there are no goals or they are non specific &lt;ref&gt;Klein H. J., Mulvey P. W., (1995) Two Investigations of the Relationships among Group Goals, Goal Commitment, Cohesion, and Performance. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 61(1), 44-53. doi:10.1006/obhd.1995.1004&lt;/ref&gt;. For example, a teacher might divide the students up into teams and get them to build the highest tower. Here the teacher has set a specific goal which is to build the highest tower. Since students are given a specific goal they should perform well overall than if they were given the instruction to “do your best” when building a tower. As well as making the goals specific it is also important to make them challenging. However, making them too difficult and too easy was negatively correlated with group performance &lt;ref&gt;Klein H. J., Mulvey P. W., (1995) Two Investigations of the Relationships among Group Goals, Goal Commitment, Cohesion, and Performance. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 61(1), 44-53. doi:10.1006/obhd.1995.1004&lt;/ref&gt; Thus, teachers need to take into consideration of the level of the students and their capabilities when setting group goals. For example, giving  kindergarteners the task of designing a science experiment is too difficult for them, but giving the same task to fourth graders would be more appropriate. Once group goals are set, the group needs to make a commitment to these goals. Research shows that if a group has high efficacy they are more likely to commit to their goals &lt;ref&gt;Klein H. J., Mulvey P. W., (1995) Two Investigations of the Relationships among Group Goals, Goal Commitment, Cohesion, and Performance. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 61(1), 44-53. doi:10.1006/obhd.1995.1004&lt;/ref&gt;. This makes sense considering that if the students perceive that the task needs to be attended to, has specific goals, and feels that they are capable of completing the project, they are more likely to be committed to the project. Higher commitment is also shown to correlate with persisting when difficulties arise in the project&lt;ref&gt;Goncalo, J. A., Polman, E., &amp; Maslach, C. (2010). Can confidence come too soon? Collective efficacy, conflict and group performance over time. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 113(1), 13-24. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2010.05.001&lt;/ref&gt;.  Further discussion on persistence was discussed earlier in the chapter. Students need specific, challenging goals, and to make a commitment to these goals in order to achieve high collective efficacy and high group performance.

Another aspect is whether a task requires high interdependence or low interdependence. If a task has high interdependence, the group members are more likely to rely on one another and develop a higher group efficacy &lt;ref&gt;Seijts, G. H., Latham, G. P., &amp; Whyte, G. (2000). Effect of self- and group efficacy on group performance in a mixed-motive situation. Human Performance, 13(3), 279-298. doi:10.1207/S15327043HUP1303_3&lt;/ref&gt;An example of this would be a group project that consists of performing a skit. The members have to rely one on another to perform the skit and all members have to be present when performing the skit. Whereas, a group that has low interdependence are more likely to not rely on group members and will have a lower group efficacy. An example of a group project would be the creation of this Wiki book. Although each of us are in a group and each group is creating a chapter we must likely divide the chapters up. This allows for each member to do their own part and not have to rely on other group members. In addition, at the end of the project we are getting marked individually. This project overall promote lower group efficacy.  

===Group Cohesion===
Another way to increase collective efficacy is making sure the group has cohesion.'''Group’s cohesion''',is defined as an attraction to group members and each group member wants to work with the others&lt;ref&gt;Klein H. J., Mulvey P. W., (1995) Two Investigations of the Relationships among Group Goals, Goal Commitment, Cohesion, and Performance. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 61(1), 44-53. doi:10.1006/obhd.1995.1004&lt;/ref&gt;. It can also be defined as group members who are interested in the same subject or have a collective mind. Higher group cohesiveness is an important predictor of group performance &lt;ref&gt;Huang, C., (2009). Knowledge sharing and group cohesiveness on performance: An empirical study of technology R&amp;D teams in Taiwan. Technovation, 29(11), 786-797. doi:10.1016/j.technovation.2009.04.003&lt;/ref&gt;. Thus the more cohesive the group, the better they will perform, and the higher the collective efficacy they will have. In order to achieve group cohesion a teacher should allow students to pick their groups. This would address the aspect of each group member wanting to work together. However, it should be emphasized the group’s goals and the expectation of the group this will promote commitment and collective efficacy.  In addition, one of the downfalls of group work is that the students get off task. A study that observed high school adolescents found that they were able to complete group work while staying on task, whereas elementary school children were more likely to become off task. This could be due to the seating arrangements. In elementary school they are more likely to sit in groups, and have a lot of opportunity to interact with each other in informal situations thus making it easier for them to go off topic. Whereas high school students are more likely to sit in rows or individually so when they were put into groups they were only in groups to complete a task. This association with being in a group and completing a task makes it more likely they will stay on task.&lt;ref&gt;S., Howe, C., &amp; Boyle, J. (2012). Exploring the characteristics of small groups within science and English secondary classrooms. Cambridge Journal Of Education, 42(4), 527-546. doi:10.1080/0305764X.2012.73334&lt;/ref&gt; Further, research has shown that it takes up to seven weeks to fully develop group cohesiveness. These seven weeks allow the group time to work together, and develop their collective efficacy &lt;ref&gt;Klein H. J., Mulvey P. W., (1995) Two Investigations of the Relationships among Group Goals, Goal Commitment, Cohesion, and Performance. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 61(1), 44-53. doi:10.1006/obhd.1995.1004&lt;/ref&gt;. If the group sees that they are able to perform well on previous tasks, this will increase their collective efficacy. Thus it is important for teachers to let the child work with the same group for longer periods of time.  However, there is research that contradicts this assumption. Research conducted by Goncalo, Polman, and Maslach shows that having a high sense of collective efficacy right at the beginning of a project can be detrimental to the group’s overall performance. Having a high sense of efficacy can reduce the beneficial forms of conflict that is essential to group work&lt;ref&gt;Goncalo, J. A., Polman, E., &amp; Maslach, C. (2010). Can confidence come too soon? Collective efficacy, conflict and group performance over time. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 113(1), 13-24. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2010.05.001&lt;/ref&gt;. Even though previous research has suggested that it takes seven weeks for a group to develop collective efficacy some groups may develop it early&lt;ref&gt;Klein H. J., Mulvey P. W., (1995) Two Investigations of the Relationships among Group Goals, Goal Commitment, Cohesion, and Performance. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 61(1), 44-53. doi:10.1006/obhd.1995.1004&lt;/ref&gt;. In addition, one group may develop high group efficacy from working with each other previously. It is uncertain if a group who has worked together previously and has a high group efficacy, will miss out on the beneficial forms of conflict. Beneficial forms of conflict include disagreeing on how to carry out the project, and reconstructing the information through discussion, evaluation, and consensus. For example, take this Wikibook project, if I had worked with my group members previously and we received a favourable performance outcome and had developed a high collective efficacy we might have gone about the project in a different way. At the beginning of the project we might not have changed our outline because in the past we had done well. As well, when we were in the final stages of editing we might not have put in as much time and effort because in the previous task we had done well. Our group discussed ways to improve our project, which included using more examples, adding pictures, and how to make the project flow better. Once again we might not have talked about it at such length if we had already established high collective efficacy. In conclusion, it may not be as beneficial as once thought for students to work together on multiple projects; there needs to be more research to further support this assumption&lt;ref&gt;Goncalo, J. A., Polman, E., &amp; Maslach, C. (2010). Can confidence come too soon? Collective efficacy, conflict and group performance over time. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 113(1), 13-24. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2010.05.001&lt;/ref&gt;. Another important note to be made is that self-efficacy is normally discussed as being domain specific, as was mentioned earlier in this chapter. This can also be used in relation to collective efficacy&lt;ref&gt;Bruning, R. H., Schraw G. J., Norby M. M., (2011) Cognitive Psychology and Instruction. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.&lt;/ref&gt;. Children should be placed in different groups for different subjects. To further illustrate this point, a baseball team might have high collective efficacy while playing baseball but they may not have a high sense of collective efficacy in completing a science experiment. Thus, they should be put in another group when performing different tasks of task to allow each member the opportunity to achieve collective efficacy.  Some groups can be picked based on who the children want to be with and other groups could be picked based on interest. A group’s cohesion, is related to the environmental aspect of the reciprocal determinism. The other group members are the environmental aspect that influences group cohesion and collective efficacy. Another aspect of  the environmental reciprocal determinism, is the size of the group. 

The size of groups affects group performance and group efficacy. A research study showed that groups of three had higher group efficacy than those in groups of seven &lt;ref&gt;Seijts, G. H., Latham, G. P., &amp; Whyte, G. (2000). Effect of self- and group efficacy on group performance in a mixed-motive situation. Human Performance, 13(3), 279-298. doi:10.1207/S15327043HUP1303_3&lt;/ref&gt;. In addition, group members in smaller groups are more likely to stay on topic and complete the task&lt;ref&gt;S., Howe, C., &amp; Boyle, J. (2012). Exploring the characteristics of small groups within science and English secondary classrooms. Cambridge Journal Of Education, 42(4), 527-546. doi:10.1080/0305764X.2012.73334&lt;/ref&gt;.The article suggested that the lack of group efficacy was due to the difficulty communicating within larger groups and multiple personal interest took over group goals. However, it was mentioned that the key to group size depends on the type of task at hand. Even though the article suggested that groups of three are good for multi motive tasks other tasks might produce higher group efficacy in larger groups&lt;ref&gt;Seijts, G. H., Latham, G. P., &amp; Whyte, G. (2000). Effect of self- and group efficacy on group performance in a mixed-motive situation. Human Performance, 13(3), 279-298. doi:10.1207/S15327043HUP1303_3&lt;/ref&gt;. This would explain why sports teams work together well even though they consist of a larger group of people. Thus, if you are getting students in the class to build a tower this is best done in small groups to reduce the lack of communication. However, activities such as trivia would be better suited to larger groups. This is because each child in a group will have different knowledge which will lead to better performance and higher group efficacy. Cohesion and group size are important aspects of a groups performance outcomes and efficacy.

===Social Loafing===

[[File:Social Loafing.jpg|Social Loafing|centre]]

The discussion so far has been about how to improve collective efficacy through specific and difficult goals, making groups interdependent, group cohesion, and adequate number of group members. One pitfall of group work is '''social loafing'' 'which is an environmental factor.  This occurs when a group member or members do not pull their weight in a group project &lt;ref&gt;Mulvey, P. W., &amp; Klein, H. J. (1998). The impact of perceived loafing and collective efficacy in group goal processes and group performance. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 74(1), 62-87. doi:10.1006/obhd.1998.2753&lt;/ref&gt;. Ideally teachers would like to think that when they put students in groups that each one will contribute equally to the project. However, this is not the case as many students have experienced. There is always the one person in the group who never pulls their weight which has negative consequences for the other group members. Research has shown that when there is a group member that is not pulling their weight other group members put less effort into the project. This leads to a lower group performance and collective efficacy &lt;ref&gt;Mulvey, P. W., &amp; Klein, H. J. (1998). The impact of perceived loafing and collective efficacy in group goal processes and group performance. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 74(1), 62-87. doi:10.1006/obhd.1998.2753&lt;/ref&gt;. A way teachers can avoid this is to make specific and challenging goals, promote each group’s interdependence, group cohesion and use adequate number of students in each group. In addition to making sure that there is an evaluation at the end of the project that includes what contribution each person made to the project. This evaluation is best done with the other group members not present in order to make each member feel more comfortable about saying what each member truly contributed to the project. This type of evaluation will lead to the social loafer getting the grade he or she should receive for their contribution. This should also help with the other members still putting in adequate effort despite having a member who is a social loafer.

===School efficacy===
We have addressed three different efficacy’s in this chapter. Although they each have their own defining characteristics they are also similar. '''School efficacy''' is the belief of the school that the students can perform well, and this includes the students and the teachers. Research has found that if a school collectively feels incapable of improving the learning of the students both the students and the teachers efficacy decreased. In context, students who have high self-efficacy because they have done academically well before is related positively to school efficacy. Some factors that contributed specifically to school efficacy are the SES status of the students and the stability of the students. Students who come from low SES status and do not show up to class often affects the school efficacy negatively &lt;ref&gt;Bruning, R. H., Schraw G. J., Norby M. M., (2011) Cognitive Psychology and Instruction. Boston, MA: Pearson Education.&lt;/ref&gt;. In order to promote a higher school efficacy both the students and the teachers efficacy need to improve. There are suggestions as to how to improve efficacy in previous sections.

Collective efficacy stems from self-efficacy and has similar factors that affect it. Those factors include enactive mastery, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, physiological and effective state, performance goals and persistence. However, collective efficacy is associated with being in a group and thus has some different factors that affect an individuals collective efficacy. These include group cohesion, interdependence of the group task, group size and the phenomena of social lofting.

===Implications for Instruction===
[[File:Self-Efficacy - Teaching Presence .png|thumb|Self-Efficacy - Teaching Presence ]]
Self-efficacy stands as a significant factor in fostering self-regulation in students and have proven to enhance the quality of their learning. This leads to its implications within a classroom that demands the consideration of other factors, such as teachers. One of the most significant drivers of a learning environment are the teachers themselves. It has been shown that an individual’s own perception of self-efficacy was the final determinant of their success and in addition to having successfully acquired the motivation and effort to use self-regulated learning strategies, a teacher may incorporate constructivist learning environments to encourage or enhance these behaviors. As shown in the venn diagram below, personal factors, academic behavioral performance and learning environments interrelate with one another, showing how one factor affects another. Adopting a student-centred approach to learning and teaching can lead to an increase in student involvement; exerting a positive influence on students’ affective and cognitive domains, as well as their perception of the learning environment &lt;ref&gt;Ning, H., &amp; Downing, K. (2012). Influence of student learning experience on academic performance: The mediator and moderator effects of self-regulation and motivation (2nd ed., Vol. 38, pp. 219-237). British Educational Research Journal.&lt;/ref&gt; 

Implications for teaching from the above discussed theories of especially task engagement and goal orientation suggest that team‐based learning is very successful when students take ownership of a complex problem, and engage the problem in a collaborative and systematic manner. Team‐based learning environments provide students with opportunities to solve complex problems resulting in their developing greater self‐confidence in their abilities. Understanding the relationship of goal‐setting in the learning process can facilitate a positive team effort experience for students through a learning and iterative process. Students, who successfully learned through collaboration, might be intrinsically motivated and self‐efficacious when placed in other team‐based learning settings. However, students who are inexperienced in this environment or who do not have sufficient knowledge of the subject might require additional guidance in order to have a satisfying experience. If this guidance is not provided, the experience could be not very satisfying, and thus have a negative effect on intrinsic motivation, self‐efficacy beliefs and team‐based learning in general. So, it might be more effective to expose upper class undergraduate students to collaborative learning projects, where it is assumed that they possess the minimum required subject knowledge so that they can successfully apply what they know to the experience: participate in collaborative activities involving critical thinking, and formulate creative and innovative solutions by setting goals. 

Teacher efficacy can offer learning strategies that could be beneficial for students; Even though Craig’s et al (2009) &lt;ref&gt;Craig, S. D., Chi, M. H., &amp; VanLehn, K. (2009). Improving Classroom Learning by Collaboratively Observing  Human Tutoring Videos While Problem Solving. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 101(4), 779-789. doi:10.1037/a0016601&lt;/ref&gt; study found no relation between teacher efficacy and instructional quality, Teachers with high sense of efficacy can contribute to learning by providing other means to enhance learning such as providing constructive feedback. Teachers can be an important model for students, especially when they incorporate the individual needs of students. Teachers can encourage students to use both enactive and vicarious learning in order to enhance the learning process. Apparently, the most effective way of learning involves learning occurs when students can observe teachers performance, and have some opportunity to apply the learned skills on a similar task. For example, in a math problem, students might benefit from observing a teacher or peer solve a problem,  as well as by solving the problem themselves; this allows students to apply the knowledge they learn by vicariously.

In order to promote collective efficacy in group settings teachers should make sure their performance goals are clear, specific and challenging. Making sure the students know exactly what is expected of them for specific tasks allows the students to develop collective efficacy. 

Allowing for group cohesion with the right number of members in the group allows for better performance and overall higher collective efficacy. Group cohesion can be achieved by allowing students to pick their groups and let them work in their groups throughout the school year. In addition, making sure the groups are appropriate for the task at hand is essential. Smaller groups should be used for more intimate projects, larger groups should be used when vast knowledge is needed to complete the task, or in group sports the necessary number of players needed in order to play the sport.

===Conclusion===
Social cognitive theory provides a framework for the constant changing of human behavior. In order to be able to understand and predict such behaviors, it is important to consider the variables that interact amongst each other and how those interacting factors are determined. 
The essence of social cognitive theory based on the theory that learning is the product of observation. It also considers these foundational interacting variables that come together to explain Bandura’s concept of reciprocal determinism as the basics for the theory of social cognition. Our chapter outlines three different elements that contribute to the social cognitive theory as well as cognition and instruction. Within these elements include self-efficacy, enactive and vicarious learning, and collective efficacy. Self efficacy determines how an individual perceives their own abilities and the level of confidence they have for achieving their goals and well as their abilities. Drawing from self-efficacy, we move on to enactive and vicarious learning that represents the ways we acquire knowledge. Enactive learning refers to the way an individual learns something by doing it, and vicarious learning occurs through observation of others performing the given task. Both learning styles are used in different cases, but the use of both are proven to be the most successful. In relation to self-efficacy, learning through observation - vicarious learning - can improve self-efficacy as it gives individuals a chance to identify with a model and lead to self-regulation. Furthermore, collective efficacy explains the individual perception of success of the group. Bandura argues that collective efficacy greatly relates to self-efficacy as there are factors that influence both efficacies. These factors come back down to the influence of personal, behavioral and environmental components of the reciprocal determinism model. 

It is said that environments and social systems are greater influences of human behavior; thus, the social cognitive theory justifies that different factors do not affect individual behavior in a direct manner, but instead affect them to a degree that influence other factors such as one’s aspirations, self-efficacy beliefs, personal standards, emotional states, and other self-regulatory influences (Pajares, 2002). Our chapter determines how these different influences and factors co-exist and affect the basic components of Bandura’s reciprocal determinism theory.

===Suggested Readings===

Burney, V. H. (2008). Applications of social cognitive theory to gifted education. Roeper Review, 30(2), 130-139.
Effect of self- and group efficacy on group performance in a mixed-motive situation. Human Performance, 13(3), 279-298. doi:10.1207/S15327043HUP1303_3

Phan, H. P., &amp; Ngu, B. (2014). Factorial equivalence of social cognitive theory: Educational levels × time differences. Educational Psychology, 34(6), 697-729. doi:10.1080/01443410.2013.814190

Schunk, D. H. (2012). Social cognitive theory. In K. R. Harris, S. Graham, T. Urdan, C. B. McCormick, G. 
M. Sinatra, J. Sweller, J. Sweller (Eds.) , APA educational psychology handbook, Vol 1: Theories, constructs, and critical issues (pp. 101-123). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association doi:10.1037/13273-005

===Glossary===
`'''Active observation:''' Observation that facilitates engagement with the material

'''Agency:''' capacity of a person to act in any given environment

'''Collaborative observing tutoring:''' Observation of the teaching interaction between a teacher and a student

'''Collective efficacy:''' This type of efficacy refers to the individual’s perspective of how well the group can accomplish their task.

'''Enactive learning:''' Learning by doing performing a task

'''Group Cohesion:'''  Is an attraction to group members as well as group members who are interested in the same subject or have a collective mind.

'''Group efficacy:''' This type of efficacy refers to the group’s perspective as a whole in how well the group can accomplish their task 

'''Goal Orientation:''' refers to the mental framework that influences how people approach situations of achievement in terms of interpreting the situation and motivation to achieve

'''Identification:''' Feeling close to a person that has similar characteristics as yours

'''Informational feedback:''' Feedback that helps improve performance

'''Learning:''' Act of acquiring new knowledge

'''Learning Orientation:''' aim of completing a task is to gain knowledge

'''Mastery experience:''' performance that leads to learning

'''Performance:''' Process of completing an action

'''Performance Orientation:''' aim of completing a task is to gain favorable judgments of one’s performance

'''Persistence''' Continuing in a course of action despite difficulties

'''Reciprocal determinism:''' term coined by Bandura to describe the foundation of his theory of social cognition— psychological functioning involves a continuous reciprocal interaction among behavioral, cognitive, and environmental influences 

'''School efficacy''': This type of efficacy refers to the school as a whole in relation to how they can effectively promote learning in their school. It is closely related to student and teacher efficacy.

'''Self-efficacy:''' how the individual perceives ones own abilities and the level of confidence for achieving goals from the perceived abilities

'''Self evaluation:''' Evaluating one self according to a standard

'''Self-regulated Learning Strategies''' Uses of students' strategies that regulate individual behaviour

'''Social comparison:''' Determine self worth by comparing ourselves to others

'''Social Lofting''':  This happens when one person in the group does less work than the other members in the group

'''Subjective operative capability:''' the concept that efficacy beliefs form the foundation of human agency as people need to believe that they can produce results by their actions in order or else the incentive or the reinforcement to act is very little

'''Teacher efficacy''' : teacher's own belief about their teaching skills

''' Verbal persuasion:''' convince someone to do a task by using verbal communication skills

''' Vicarious learning:''' Learning by observing others

''' Worked examples:''' Explanation of how to solve a problem

'''Volition''' Cognitive process that allows one to decide on committing to a course of action.

===Reference===
Woolfolk, A. E., &amp; Hoy, W. K. (1990). Prospective teachers' sense of efficacy and beliefs about control. Journal Of Educational Psychology, 82(1), 81-91. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.82.1.81

==Social Contexts of Learning==

This chapter discusses beliefs about the social contexts of cognition, and how social and cultural factors can influence a child's development of mind (thoughts). In the subsequent sections of this chapter, we will discuss social cognition, situated cognition, Bronfenbenner's ecological model, the child in culture, social interaction/cognitive tools, socio-cultural contexts of learning, implications for instruction, and individual contextual differences. Situated cognition theory identifies features of the environment relevant to immediate conversational contexts, interpersonal relationships, and social group memberships. It also increases our understanding about how these features shape thoughts and actions. We also look into Bronfenbenner's ecological model and it's influence on a child's learning environment. In the socio-cultural context, Vygotsky theorized that human development was inseparable from cultural and social development and that these social interactions help children to develop cognitive tools. These cognitive tools develop skills specifically tied to an individual's personal culture and social experiences and include language/speech and cultural production. As time progresses, these skills become internalized in the zone of proximal development. In relation to instructional implications, placed based, culturally based, and cooperative learning techniques are discussed. It will help future educators use this theory and research effectively, and apply it to a practical classroom setting. Individual Contextual Differences have various influences on our cognitive development. It encompasses both Bronfenbrenner's theory about the influence of the microsystem and macrosystem in regards to child development and Vygotsky's theory on social and cultural factors being essential to cognitive development. Therefore, we look at how differences in societal, classroom and institutional settings have an effect on a child's cognitive development. The social context in which cognitive processes take place are highly influential in the development of mind.


=== Social Cognition ===

Social cognition focuses on the theory of mind. Theory of mind is a broad concept, encompassing and understanding the full range of mental states, as well as the antecedents and consequences of such understanding.The social context is made up not only of our relationships with specific others but also the groups we identify. As we continue to develop and associate with certain social groups, this becomes a part of our “social identity&quot;[1]. These social groups establish norms, or standards for correct and appropriate beliefs, opinions, and behaviors. For example, it may be the &quot;norm&quot; to use inappropriate language with your friends, but not with your parents or family members . Such norms influence our behavior all the time, whether other members of the social groups are physically present or not. This social identity is activated by situational reminders of our social group membership or by our own intentional thought. Once this identity is activated, we tend to conform to that group’s norms. [1].

Social identities serve as behavioral guides for appropriate behavior. This can have some negative effects. If define social identity by our social group membership that we share with some people but not others, it divides the world into ‘us’ and ‘them.’ Shaping how we think about and behave toward other people. People on the ‘us’ side of the line, are considered group members and are therefore better liked.[2] In a school context, children can often become victims of bullying if they do not identify with a popular social group, and adopt a social identity that suits their peers &quot;cultural norms&quot;.

In order to understand the development of social cognition and social identity, we must examine situated cognition. Cognition almost invariably occurs in the context of other people. It refers to the web of face-to-face encounters, personal relationships, and social group memberships that make us who we are. Not only do these social entities very frequently constitute the content of our thoughts and feelings, but they fundamentally shape the processes underlying our thinking and behavior as well. To detail some of the evidence for this broad claim, this chapter describes the interface of situated cognition, the ecological model of development, and the child in culture. The social context of cognitive development has to do with our thoughts and beliefs about the social world. It also refers to our beliefs about others, the self, people in general, specific aspects of people (e.g., thoughts, desires, emotions), social groups and social institutions[3].
Situated Cognition

Situated cognition is centered on the idea that knowing is “inseparable” from actually doing and highlights the importance of learning within context[4]. The Situated Cognition Theory is based upon principles related to the fields of anthropology, sociology, and cognitive sciences. Its main argument is that all knowledge that a learner acquires is somehow situated within activities that are social, physically or culturally-based. The Situated Cognition Theory mainly supports, that the acquisition of knowledge cannot be separated from the context in which this knowledge is collected. Therefore, a learner must grasp the concepts and skills that are being taught in the context in which they will eventually be utilized. As a result, instructors who are trying to apply this theory in their classes are encouraged to create an environment of full immersion, wherein students must be able to learn skills, as well as new ideas and behaviors that are taught in the context in which they will be used at a later time. Collins, Brown, &amp; Duguid are creators of the situated cognition model, and believed that learning culture played a major role in education, and that learning by doing was an often overlooked approach[4].

Situated cognitive learning emphasizes that learning in the real world is not like studying in school. It is often describe as acculturation or adapting the norm, behavior, skills, belief, language, and attitudes of a particular community. This community might be mathematicians, gang member, writers, and students of any group that has particular ways of thinking and doing. Knowledge is seen not as individual cognitive structures but as a creation of the community over time. The practices of the community, the way of interacting and getting things done, as well as the tools the community has created constitute the knowledge of that community. Thus learning means becoming more able to participate in those practices and using the tools.  Situated cognitive learning emphasizes the idea that much of what is learned is specific to the situation in which it is learned[3]. However, situated cognitive learning says that knowledge and skills can be applied across contexts, even if the context is different from the initial learning situation. For example, when you use your ability to read and calculate (which you learned in school), to complete your income taxes, even though learning how to do your taxes was not part of your original high school curriculum[5]. In this situation, the student would be applying their mathematics and reading skills which they learned in the classroom, to the real world. Demonstrating how situational learning can be applied across different contexts.

Situated cognition offers the key insight that cognition is for adaptive action, our minds evolved under the demands of survival rather than for detached puzzle-solving or abstract cognition. This principle implies the existence of close connections between cognition, motivation, and action. Cognition is generally not neutral and detached, but is biased by the individual’s motives and goals, with motives shaping our thoughts. Consider a person’s understanding of the meaning of traits (such as reliable, honest, or intelligent), which are basic components of our impressions of other people as well as ourselves[2]. Research shows that our definitions of such traits are not objective and invariant, but are shaped in self-serving ways by our own perceived understandings of those traits. Also the fundamental human need to belong shapes our social cognition. People experiencing a heightened need to belong, after a social rejection; tune their attention and cognition to process social information in the environment more carefully and thoroughly. This example of biases in cognition caused by the perceives motivational concerns effectively illustrate how social cognition serves the needs of adaptive action important in determining the course of cognition [6]. There is evidence that social-cognitive development and learning recognizes that individuals develop through reciprocal interactions, in which people contribute to an individuals development. These social interactions, are rooted in the situation in which it occurs. Research on reciprocal transactions between organisms and the environment is a basic feature of Brenfenbenner's ecological theory.[7] Social-cognitive learning states that a child's personality functioning differs among individuals. Personality is understood by reference to basic cognitive and effective structures and processes. These personality variables develop through experiences with one’s sociocultural environment. Social-cognitive development differentiates among a number of distinct cognitive capacities contributing to personality functioning. These include cognitive mechanisms that underlie skills and social competencies, knowledge structures through which people interpret or “encode” situations, self-reflective processes through which people develop beliefs about themselves and their relation to the social environment, and self-regulatory processes through which people establish personal goals and standards for performance and motivate themselves to reach desired ends[8]. In the next section, Bronfenbrenner's theory divides the community in which a child grows up into four systems. The community in which a child develops, will ultimately effect the situation in which the child learns, a child's interpersonal relationships and who they associate with. As previously mentioned, social cognition and situational cognition explain the development of a child's mind, but both can be largely influenced by a child's environmental context. Bronfenbrenner outlines some of these social contextual influences in his ecological model.

. 
=== Ecological Model ===

Bronfenbenner's Ecological Model

Ecological Model.gif

Bronfenbrenner  provides an ecological model for understanding human development. He explains that children’s development within the socio-cultural context of the family, community, broader society and the educational setting. All have an impact on the developing child, because all the various contexts are interrelated. For example, even a child in a supportive, loving family within a healthy, strong community is affected by the biases of the larger society, such as racism, sexism or violence, and may show the effects of negative discrimination and stereotyping. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological context of child development and learning can be depicted as a series of concentric rings as with each system influencing and being influenced by the others[7] for example:

Microsystem

Bronfenbenner's theory:  The microsystem is the system closest to the person and the one in which they have direct contact. Some examples would be home, school, daycare, or work. A microsystem typically includes family, peers, or caregivers. Relationships in a microsystem are bi-directional. In other words, your reactions to the people in your microsystem will affect how they treat you in return. This is the most influential level of the ecological systems theory.

Let's look at the microsystem in Marian lives. The first part of his microsystem is her home environment. This includes his interactions with her parents and little sister. Marian’s school is also part of her microsystem. Her regular school interactions are with her kindergarten teacher and the other children in his class[9].

Mesosystem

The next level of ecological systems theory is the mesosystem. The mesosystem consists of the interactions between the different parts of a person's microsystem. The mesosystem is where a person's individual microsystems do not function independently, but are interconnected and assert influence upon one another. These interactions have an indirect impact on the individual.

One aspect of Marian’s mesosystem would be the relationship between her parents and her teacher. Her parents take an active role in her school, such as attending parent/teacher conferences and volunteering in her classroom. This has a positive impact on her development because the different elements of her microsystem are working together. Marian’s development could be affected in a negative way if the different elements of her microsystem were working against one another[9].

Exosystem

The exosystem is the next level we will examine. The exosystem refers to a setting that does not involve the person as an active participant, but still affects them. This includes decisions that have bearing on the person, but in which they have no participation in the decision-making process. An example would be a child being affected by a parent receiving a promotion at work or losing their job.

One part of Marian’s exosystem would be his father's workplace. Marian’s father is in the Navy. This often takes her away from the family, and she sometimes does not see her father for months at a time. This situation impacts Marian, and she becomes anxious when her father leaves. Marian’s anxiety has an effect on his development in other areas such as school, even though she has no interaction with her father's work or say in the decision making process, but this may have impact her learning environment[9].

Macrosystem

The fourth level of ecological systems theory is the macrosystem. The macrosystem encompasses the cultural environment in which the person lives and all other systems that affect them. Examples could include the economy, cultural values, and political system. The macrosystem can have either a positive or a negative effect on a person's development. For an example, consider the different effects on the development of a child growing up in a third-world economy versus that of the United States.

Ecological theorists such as Bronfenbrenner[7] point to the importance of the settings and circumstances in which students live for understanding children’s behavior and establishing productive programs and policies to promote the development of children and youth. Teachers make many decisions that can be informed by an understanding of the context in which children live. These decisions include curricular and instructional decisions about materials and methods used in the classroom. Teachers’ guidance of children’s classroom learning can be fostered by understanding how the knowledge, practices, and language socialization patterns within children’s families and communities contribute to children’s ability to function in the classroom how to communicate and work with children’s families,[7] as well as how to promote children’s participation and positive social relations in the classroom influence by cultural and social context.
The Child-in-Culture

The child in culture, it is important for teachers to learn about the culture of the majority of the children they serve if that culture differs from their own. Recognizing that learning and development are influenced by cultural and social context, it would be an impossible task to expect teachers/caregivers to understand all the nuances of every cultural group they may encounter in their practice. It is more important for teachers/caregivers to become sensitive to the knowledge of how their own cultural experience shapes their perspective and to realize that multiple perspectives must be considered in decisions about children’s learning and development, in addition to their own. Children have the learning ability and capability to function simultaneously in more than one cultural context. However, if teachers/caregivers set too low or too high expectations for children based on their home language and culture, children cannot learn and develop optimally and reach their full potential. The ideal would be for example, that children whose primary language is not English should be able to learn English without forcing them to give up their home language and to get a teacher/caregiver to translate or teach in both languages. Likewise, children who speak only English benefit from learning another language. The goal is that all children learn to function well in the society or even community as a whole and move comfortably among groups of people who come from both the same and different backgrounds[10]

In understanding the mind of the child (learner), teachers must also understand that each student is an individual who is developing a sense of self and relationships in a variety of contexts, notably the family, school, and community.[9] Hence, teachers considered themselves least knowledgeable about issues concerning diversity and schooling effects on students. This perception exists despite major efforts made at the national level to provide guidelines for preparing teachers to teach culturally diverse students.[11] Research suggests that there is both cause for concern and hope for improvement. For example, Hollingsworth,[12] indicate that novice teachers’ views of children are often inaccurate because they assume that their students possess learning styles, aptitudes, interests, and problems that are similar to their own.[12] Furthermore, recent research suggests that prospective teachers hold simplistic views of student differences have little knowledge about different cultural groups, may have negative attitudes toward those groups, they Teachers) may view diverse backgrounds of students as a problem, and have lower expectations for the learning of ethnic minority students.[12]

For some children, these points of difference may not have much effect. But for others, the mismatch between parental or community expectations and the expectations of the formal learning environment may leave the child feeling as if he or she is straddling two distinct worlds. How we think about child in culture can help us move toward greater sensitivity or, alternatively, can create additional roadblocks to our ability to engage and work with families. Early calls for cultural competency sometimes put forward a list of observed parenting traits of minority cultures with little explanation of how these aspects of culture may be part of a whole and with little understanding of the cultural participants’ intention behind these actions. This type of thinking, though well-meaning, can solidify stereotypes instead of helping us penetrate them. Educators, open to embracing the diverse cultures represented in their classrooms, had little guidance in how to achieve this sensitivity in more than just a superficial way. One observation notes that ironically, teachers may conscientiously try to create culturally sensitive environments for their students (e.g., through multicultural displays and activities) while simultaneously structuring classroom interaction patterns that violate invisible cultural norms of various non-dominant groups. Teachers may also inadvertently criticize parents for adhering to a different set of ideals about children, families and parenting[13].

Research have shown that in many content domains when children are asked to learn or solve problems based upon materials with which they are familiar, or in ways that make “human sense” they learn more rapidly. These relations between culture and learning do not fade away, but become even more pronounced as children move from early into middle childhood and adolescence. Consequently, those concerned with leveraging the power of culture to promote learning should take care to pay as much attention to the cultural enrichment of children as to their health and physical well-being, all of which play an especially important role during this period of extraordinarily rapid developmental change[13]. 
Cognitive Tools and Social Interaction

The previous sections have mentioned how a community influences cognition by determining the context in which a child learns about the social and cultural rules around them[5]. This community also determines the situation in which learning and cognitive development takes place. For example, a child who grows up in a rural town in Saskatchewan is going to have grown up in a very different community, when compared to a child who grew up in New York City. Their learning will have taken place in a classroom with different socio-cultural &quot;norms&quot;. Although these skills can be transferred across situations, each child is going to develop a different set of cognitive tools that reflects the cultural and social environment they grew up in. Cognitive tools are specialized, and designed to guide a learner in following the &quot;norm&quot; behaviors dictated by a particular community[5].

In a community, there are many social interactions and processes. As time goes by, these social interactions define our patterns of thought and cognition. This social cognition refers to the information processing of social situations. Once this information is encoded, it is used in all other social interactions and applied to people. Due to this fact, early interactions will shape and serve as a template for future pro-social behaviors. These early interactions also influence our ways of thinking, and shape how we view the world. This type of situated cognition, refers to knowledge that is learned and developed through authentic activity [4]. Social interaction can serve as an important conceptual tool. They reflect the collective knowledge and wisdom of the culture in which they are used, and connect the insights and experiences of individuals[4]. These tools are understood through repeated use, and by interacting with others. Over time, these tools become implicit knowledge and shape your view of the world. Allowing you to adopt the belief system of the culture they are learned in. For example, Vygotsky states language is a cognitive tool produced through social interaction[14]. Language is tied to culture, and different languages have different semantic meanings, leading to differences in speech and cognition. These differences in socio-cultural acquisition influences an individuals thought patterns and beliefs[14]. In this way, social interaction creates cognitive skills, specifically tied to an individuals personal cultural and social experiences. In the following sections, we define Vygotsky's socio-cultural contexts, and explain how these contexts produce cognitive tools such as language, speech, and cultural production, and how these tools are learned through more knowledgeable others in the ZPD.
Socio-Cultural Contexts of Learning

In the 1930’s, psychologist Lev Vygotsky developed a new socio-cultural theory of learning and development. His theory was conceived decades before Bronfenbenner's ecological model, although both psychologists emphasized the social and cultural context. At the time, Vygotsky's theory contrasted that of the popular child development theorist, Jean Piaget[14]. For his era, Vygotsky's theory of development was revolutionary. He stated that human development was inseparable from cultural and social development[14]. These social and cultural interactions lead to the development of higher cognitive processes such as language, and attention[14]. Vygotsky developed four basic principles of learning and knowledge. These are: knowledge is constructed, development cannot be separate from the social/cultural context, language plays a central role in mental development, and learning is facilitated through collaboration by working with &quot;more knowledgeable others&quot; [14].

The learning of these socio-cultural processes occurs through the cultural inventions of a society. Thus, development of conscious cognition is the result of social and cultural influences[14]. Vygotsky defined specific aspects of these social interactions as specialized cognitive tools. These tools become internalized as a learner progresses through the ZPD, and shape our thought patterns.  Specifically, Vygotsky emphasized language, speech, and cultural production as highly influential cognitive tools produced through socio-cultural interaction. Vygotsky also stated, that these cognitive tools are learned and enforced through more knowledgeable others in the ZPD[14]. These concepts will be broken down, and explained in detail in the subsequent sections.
Language and Speech

The development of cognitive processes, are shaped through communicative interactions in specific social situations of development[15]. Vygotsky, emphasized that speaking and thinking are unified, with two basic functions: revealing reality, and communicating meaning in social interactions. Through language, an individual’s cultural identity is formed, because children acquire knowledge in a specific cultural setting through familial and institutional influences[16]. As Bronfenbenner suggested, the ecological community in which learning takes place, influences developmental processes like language and speech[7]. Language initially serves as means of communication between the child, and people in the immediate environment[16]. However, upon conversion to internal speech, it affects how a child organizes his/her thoughts. It becomes an internal mental function[16]. For example, a child that grows up in an English western family, has a different dialect and system of values and beliefs compared to a child that grows up in rural India[15]. These differences can manifest in differing writing styles. This is because, each child has their own set of deliberate semantics, and words can have different meanings[15]. This is also known as, dialectic contradictions, which are historically accumulated structural tensions in a language[15]. These differences in the cultural context of language acquisition, manifest themselves in differing thought processes resulting in different cognitive and communicative interactions.  This process of language/speech acquisition, can also be referred to as acculturation[4].  In this way, language is a cognitive tool as it has the ability to influence our patterns of thought.

===Cultural Production===

In previous sections, culture was defined as acculturation[5], or the process where a child learns and adopts the &quot;norm&quot; beliefs and values of a community. Each child learns these norms in different situational contexts and interactions. After repeated use, these norms become a part of a child's social identity, and determines the character of a child and future patterns of behavior and thought[5]. Culture can be produced through language and speech, the learning of cultural norms from elders of a group with mastery social skills (ZPD), and by a community[4].

Culture plays a dominant role in shaping social interactions, and the development of cognitive processes. It is a tool that is changeable, and created during a child’s early social lives[14]. Cultural production can occur at two levels: institutional (macrosystem), and intrapersonal (microsystem). In an institutional setting, this refers to the larger social context such as school settings, political context etc. An interpersonal setting would refer to interactions between each other , such as peer to peer interactions[14]. An individuals overall cultural history, is responsible for producing useful cognitive tools that are accumulated over time [14].  Eventually, this leads to the internalization of culturally valued skills and behaviors, making these cognitive processes automatic[14]. A culture creates special forms of behaviors, which are specific to a specific cultural history[15]. These structures affect problem solving capacities, and patterns of social interactions. To examine these differences, psychologists can conduct cross-cultural studies. An example of a cross-cultural study, could include investigating how some cultures don’t believe in displaying knowledge overtly, compared to cultures where that is considered a good thing.  Vygotsky states that culture is developed and produced through processes of social interactions, and through active agents in the immediate development context.
===Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)===

Vygotsky theorized that learning largely occurs in a child’s ZPD. It mostly takes place in Bronfenbrenner's microsystem level of the ecological model. He defined this as “the distance between the actual developmental level, as determined by actual problem solving, and the level of potential development under adult guidance or in collaboration with a more capable peer[17] .” This form of social interaction occurring between the student and “more knowledgeable others,” serves as a cognitive tool for developing higher learning processes[17]. In a classroom setting, a more knowledgeable other includes any active agents such as teachers, supervising adults, or peers[17] . There are three levels of a learners developmental progress in the ZPD over time (see figure 2 [17]). These three levels are the actual level, potential level and realized level[17]. The actual level refers to what a learner is able to accomplish without assistance. It refers to the actual base level of knowledge a student possesses on their own[17]. Whereas, the potential level is how well a learners performs with assistance by a more knowledgeable other[17]. A student has the capability to achieve this potential level of knowledge through collaboration. For example, a tutor is helping a grade two student learn grade three level mathematics. On their own, the student is able to readily solve grade two mathematics problems. Since this student possesses a strong actual level of mathematics, the student can be taught grade three level mathematics by collaborating with a more knowledgeable tutor. Eventually, through rehearsal and practise, the student is able to complete grade three mathematics problems on their own. This is referred to as their realized level of knowledge.    
Three Stages of ZPD Progression

Figure 2.[17] Adapted from “The Mediation of learning in the Zone of Proximal Development through a Co-Constructed Writing Activity,” by Thompson, 2013 Research In The Teaching Of English, 47(3), p.259    

Essential to this theory, is that the level of knowledge being learned must be more advanced than what the student currently knows [17]. Teachers can also use scaffolding, which uses a student’s prior knowledge to help give students a base level of information They can use this to build more complex concepts[17]. Like in the example, the tutor built off the students prior knowledge of grade two mathematics, and made sure the material was more advanced than what the student currently knew. Before a student attempts to master a new skill, they can be given supplemental information to introduce them to the new material. This can include artifacts such as: books, videos, textbooks, and computer technology[17]. These artifacts act as priming agents for learners, and ease the learning transition to more complex concepts. By using the ZPD as a cognitive tool, instructor’s can approach mastery of more difficult skills through collaborative classroom strategies. See figure two for further explanation learning through the ZPD[17].

Learning in the ZPD.jpg

Figure 3[17]. Stages of Learning in ZPD. Adapted from “The Mediation of learning in the Zone of Proximal Development through a Co-Constructed Writing Activity,” by Thompson, 2013 Research In The Teaching Of English, 47(3), p.257
Implications for Instruction

The social lives of school children, can have many instructional effects. As previously mentioned, the situation in which information is learned, level of difficulty, collaboration with more knowledgeable others, level of social cognition/competency, and cultural production, all have differing instructional effects in the classroom. Each student has a different cultural history, that influences their patterns of thinking, and how they approach solving problems in the classroom. Teaching should incorporate the situation and use conceptual tools[4]. Learning should involve, the activity, concept, and culture. For example, teaching children the definition of words. It is simply not enough to have them write out definitions from the dictionary, in an abstract way[15]. Learning words, must take place in an authentic way, and relate to the cultural situation in which the word is defined and used in speech[4]. The next section will discuss how some of the previous social and cultural factors can be mediated through instructional methods. Some useful pedagogies for instructors that will be discussed are place based and cooperative learning strategies.

===Place-based Instruction===

One way of taking otherwise abstract concepts and rooting them in culturally meaningful pedagogy, is a method known as place based instruction. It uses both ideas about situated cognition and Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory. The environment in which we learn and situation in which the learning takes place, is responsible for co-creating our knowledge. A place based learning approach is suited for the multi-cultural classroom. If focuses on transforming the traditional classroom environment, into a place that engaging for all types of learners[18]. At its core, it links place to cultural struggles, and aims to empower diverse learners through the integration of local cultural knowledge[18].

Main Focuses of Place Based Pedagogy[18]:

1.     Support thinking about a system using the “bigger picture”

2.     Connect students to lived experiences- creating meaning through place based instruction

3.     Foster Reflexive Inquiry

4.     Regulate and Control How Ethnically Diverse Learners Organize their Identity

One way this pedagogy can be implemented in the classroom is by creating a community garden. It is a creative way of incorporating language, culture, and environment by increasing feelings of interconnectedness[18]. A community garden is open to all, and provides a green space for children in urban areas. It creates a setting for social interactions to take place through the cooperative planning, designing, and execution of a garden and all its elements[18]. The garden is a great way of creating conversation between students about local and self-cultural identity[18]. Students can research herbs related to their cultural background, and report to the class the various cultural ways in which the herb is used culturally like in, cuisine, medicine, or religion[18]. They can then plant these herbs in the garden, tying place with the construction of their knowledge. This also allows for peers to create conversations about cultural differences, fostering reflexive inquiry [18]. The place based framework, examines how a culture and local environment makes up the community and culture of the school. This method also allows ethnically diverse learners to, self-identify their cultural values, and decide what they want to share. This control and the self-regulation of their own identity, can help grow self-regulated learning as well[18].
 Culture-Based Education and Its Relationship to Student Outcomes
Adapted from: Kana‘iaupuni, S., Ledward, B., &amp; Jensen, U. (2010). Culture-based education and its relationship to student outcomes. EDUCATION.

Figure 4. &quot;Hawaiian Cultural Influences in Education Study Model[19]&quot;

In a study by Kana‘iaupuni[19], they explored the kinds of teaching strategies being used in Hawaiian classrooms and investigated the impact of teachers’ use of culturally based education strategies (CBE), on student socio-emotional development and educational outcomes. Cultural relevance in education was shown to have direct effects on student socio emotional factors such as self-worth, cultural identity, and community/family relationships. It was also shown to have direct and indirect effects on educational outcomes, such as student engagement, achievement, and behaviour[19] (Kana‘iaupuni, 2010). In Figure 1, it shows the reciprocal interrelating relationship between CBE, educational outcomes, and socio-emotional development.
Adapted from: Kana‘iaupuni, S., Ledward, B., &amp; Jensen, U. (2010). Culture-based education and its relationship to student outcomes. EDUCATION.

Figure 5: &quot;School Engagement Among Hawaiian Students By Teacher CBE Use[19]&quot;

The results of the study show (see figure 5[19]) that teachers who use CBE methods in the classroom have higher levels of student self-efficacy and trust, than students with Low CBE Teachers. Students exposed to high levels of CBE by their teachers are also more likely to be engaged in schooling than others, by putting cultural skills to use in their communities and forming trusting relationships with teachers and staff[19]. In the study, they used methodology involved in place based pedagogy[18]. They took into account the local environment and interwove it into the curriculum. Students took part in classes teaching Hawaiian culture, and and/environmental stewardship[18]. The study illustrates how place based pedagogy can significantly improve students rates of self-efficacy and trust in the classroom when teachers use a high amount of CBE/place based curriculum[19].
Cooperative Learning

In Vygotsky’s zone of proximal development, he emphasized the importance and role of peer collaboration and learning. Cooperative based learning refers to intentional learning activities, where group members work towards a shared learning goal[20]. It is different from classroom “group work,” as group work does not always guarantee actual learning will take place . The goal of cooperative based learning is to understand that each learner brings their own particular set of skills to the table[20]. If differs from collaborative learning, because students are not trying to improve a weak skill, but rather identify the skills they excel in and use them to help the group.For example, Amy may struggle with abstract concepts like mathematics, but has a great imagination (Also, see figure 3[20]). She is grouped together with students who excel with abstract concepts, but struggle thinking imaginatively. This way, students are able to share their skills, and teach each other. This is known as reciprocal teaching, where learners are able to teach other members of their group[20]. By working towards achieving their common learning goal, students must combine their different skill sets to solve the problem. It can help students see different perspectives on how to approach problem solving activities[20].

The Five Steps to Achieve Cooperative Learning in the Classroom[20]

1.     Give Specific Learning Objectives

2.     Plan out learning strategies, and composition of groups

3.     Explain the learning objective

4.     “monitor-observe” the students

5.     Assess the achievement and cooperation of students

Some examples of cooperative learning strategies for the classroom are the jigsaw method and group investigation method[20]. In the jigsaw method, students are divided into groups. Then, one member from each group is sent to a special group to learn about a specific course topic. Once students individually read the material, they discuss and reflect upon the material as a group, making note of its key points[20]. Lastly, each student returns to their original groups. After their peers read the material, the student sent to the special group leads their group discussion, reflecting on the topics key points. The premise of this strategy is to have the students in each group teach each other, and become better self-regulatory learners[20]. In the group investigation method, students are first divided into groups. They are then given information about a specific course topic, and read through the material individually, and are asked to make note of its key points[20]. After this, the group discusses the material collectively, reflecting on its key points, and could be asked to prepare a presentation for the class.This strategy promotes group dialogue and aims at cultivating social interaction skills. Cooperative learning, is a strategy that instructors can use in the classroom to promote social cognitive growth, and increase student's performance[20]. In the next section, we discuss how social cognitive processes are affected by macrosystem influences, such as individual contextual differences in societal, classroom, and institutional settings.
Individual Contextual Differences

The cognitive development process can be differed individually. Lots of aspects of social context can have varies of influences on our cognitive development, Such as: intelligence, environment factors, learning opportunities, economics status, family and society. As previously mentioned, the social and cultural context in which learning takes place, greatly affects our cognitive growth. Theories like situated cognition, Bronfenbenner's ecological model, and Vygotsky' socio-cultural theory, discuss how macrosystem influences such as the cultural environment, make up our implicit views on the world. In this section, we will look into how different classrooms, different institution and society can affect our cognition and how do we do to improve this development.

The problem of boys having lower graduation rates, greater worries about intimacy and relationships are touched upon to suggest some reasons behind it. Using the internet and accessing pornography are acting as arousal addictions that have negative effect on social life of boys. Lots of documents shows the problems of women getting misrepresented, objectified and sexuality are evident in our societies’ status quo. The society and media is often portraying women as object for sex and beauty, demising women’s actual capabilities. We should advocate the need to value women’s capabilities and encourage them to discover their true power.. Simply put, media is any device or system that we humans use to accomplish our goals. The wheel, an oar, an abacus, a hammer, a toothpick, and a TV set are various examples[21].

These influences heavily affect development of the authentic self for both males and females negatively. Being authentic self is being who you really are, knowing your personal why, discovering your capabilities and expressing your inner self to others. These are real, genuine and authentic which comes from your heart. The problem with the media is that they are portraying cognition of what it means to be ideal women or men that are accepted by the society. Often, these perfect images of beauty, success and satisfaction are falsely created by media often to get more people’s attention and money. Thus, people start to take in what the media tells them to be rather than finding their own true beauty, capabilities, and values that are truly meaningful for themselves. For that reason, the media exposure simply makes us to seek what is ideal in our society instead of genuine values that are found within self-discovery so lots of people are developing a wrong cognition because of that. In order to sustain the authentic life, we need to have a clear sense of values and define our view of life that comes from inner self. Our own clear vision, belief, goal, and mind act as a firm pillar that support from being impressionable person who easily get swayed by society and media influence. Therefore, we can prevent ourselves from following other people’s values.When movies and television first appeared predictions were made that they would replace most, if not all, classroom instruction[21]

The notion that these media companies are “giving us what the public want” is concerning because they’re actually just giving us what the media companies and advertisers want, and manipulating viewers in believing that it is our fault for the brainless content that’s being produced. It’s also a problem that men make up the majority of the board of these reputable media companies because the way women are represented is inaccurate and are often times exploited through the views of white, capitalist male elites who take no interest in genuine women empowerment. On the other hand, although men aren’t as demonized via media as women are, they still do struggle with radical stereotypes, biases, and discrimination. In Demise of Guys, Atherton mentions that men are constantly exposed to explicit content such as pornography, creating an “arousal addiction[22].” Men are also constantly shown “ideal” images of masculinity where there is a lack of emotional representation and here, problems in intimacy and relationships will start to manifest.

These media influences affect the development of the authentic self for both females and males in a sense that when they are exposed to inaccurate representations without knowledge on the corporate strategy behind it, they will be easily manipulated into believing that who they are and how they look isn’t good enough. Especially for girls and boys who are exposed to explicit and exploitative content at a young age, they will start to believe that what they see on media is their reality. When in reality, everyone is different – we come in all shapes, sizes, and color – and it’s important to base your beauty from within rather than from the physical.Educators increasingly are aware of media’s potential for changing how learning and teaching take place. Even though education continues to lag behind other segments of society in using media[21]. Media likes to hyper-sexualize women and pit them against each other while romanticizing the male character for their strength and independence. Although some women and men might prefer to play that role in reality, we would possibly live in a different society if we focused on issues such as gender equality, health and fitness, and educated viewers on the reality of the world instead of the dream.
Classroom

We should value children’s competencies in learning, focusing on self-directed learning approach.We should value children’s competencies in learning, focusing on self-directed learning approach. Rather than simply throwing information and knowledge at children, it is important to acknowledge that they are capable, competent learners who are not helpless. Children are competent enough to be innovated by learning, creating changes and solving problems. We should also emphasize design thinking approach where children are engaged in real life context to solve problems and create solutions. Thus, the opportunities actively engage children to be part of a community member. They can highly relate their learning in their real life that matters and is meaningful.  We should be providing real tools and materials to build real things where children have an access to these materials for their creative ideas of invention. The social contexts of cognition and learning have obvious applications to the classroom. As any teacher knows, the classroom is above all a social environment and teaching is a form of social interaction that affects group collaboration, motivation, learning and even use of technology[23].

One of the strength of these kind of learning approaches is that these encourage children to form great cognitions and fulfill their potentials. By recognizing children’s capacities to think, learn, and change will help them to see their learning abilities. Also, these approaches of learning are very good for children to enjoy and have some fun. Because it requires children to come up with their own creative ideas and solutions, they can have more interest in what they do and learn throughout the process. The weakness in these approaches is the possible financial problem. Many resources and materials are probably needed for children to access that could cost quite of bit of money. If these approaches of learning are incorporated in other regular classes, funding will be needed and not all schools can afford it as they wish.

The self-directed learning approach can help students to be engaged in what they learn and do with genuine interests[24]. Also, being in the field rather than simply staying in the classroom can motivate them better. Thus, the learning can be made more effectively. For instance, whenever students go to a field trip to learn about certain thing with their own eyes, it got me more interested and motivated. Do you still vividly remember when you went to Science World, different kinds of museums, and Camps where you got to participate in activities that engaged you actively? The answer will be yes. 
Institutional

The whole education system is seems like &quot;Building a house&quot;, and the base or the foundation construction is the most important part for a building, just like the meaning of the elementary education for the whole education system[24]. Lots of schools are ranked according to standardized testing, but the author didn't told us is this kind of practice is right or wrong, good or bad. However, school ranking in some way is good, they may help schools to improve themselves by comparative. But with my personal experience, the ranking by testing for student is not good and really make me stressful in my whole middle and high school.  In China, school ranking and ranking students in all schools is very universal, they divide student into two classes, good and bad. Then, the parents who wants their child get in the good school or class, they will pay a lot money and time for them. This classification is serious influence and hurt students' self-esteem and enthusiasm for learning and study. In conclusion, in view of all its defects and the harmful effects of university and schools, why would anyone pay attention to the school ranking? 

&quot;when the teaching begins, educators must ask, who are the students, what are their particular needs, and what do they bring to the classroom?&quot; points out the importance of student in teaching and curriculum design as well as the whole education process. When a school designs their education methods, they should consider the students themselves. What is their goal of learning? How will students' own value, culture and experience influence their learning? And what can teachers learn from the students? If remembering the questions when designing and implementing curriculum, I think the curriculum can better cope with students' needs.

We do have pressure on curriculum, which includes technology, culture, economy and environment, etc. When designing and implementing curriculum, it is also very important to consider these factors that will influence students' learning goals, needs, etc. For example, a curriculum for in-class course may greatly differ from a distance course.

The problem of boys having lower graduation rates, greater worries about intimacy and relationships are touched upon to suggest some reasons behind it. Using the Internet and accessing pornography are acting as arousal addictions that have negative effect on social life of boys. Lots of documents shows the problems of women getting misrepresented, objectified and sexuality are evident in our societies’ status quo. The society and media is often portraying women as object for sex and beauty, demising women’s actual capabilities. We should advocate the need to value women’s capabilities and encourage them to discover their true power.

These influences heavily affect development of the authentic self for both males and females negatively. Being authentic self is being who you really are, knowing your personal why, discovering your capabilities and expressing your inner self to others. These are real, genuine and authentic which comes from your heart. The problem with the media is that they are portraying cognition of what it means to be ideal women or men that are accepted by the society. Often, these perfect images of beauty, success and satisfaction are falsely created by media often to get more people’s attention and money. Thus, people start to take in what the media tells them to be rather than finding their own true beauty, capabilities, and values that are truly meaningful for themselves. For that reason, the media exposure simply makes us to seek what is ideal in our society instead of genuine values that are found within self-discovery so lots of people are developing a wrong cognition because of that. In order to sustain the authentic life, we need to have a clear sense of values and define our view of life that comes from inner self. Our own clear vision, belief, goal, and mind act as a firm pillar that support from being impressionable person who easily get swayed by society and media influence. Therefore, we can prevent ourselves from following other people’s values.

The notion that these media companies are “giving us what the public want” is concerning because they’re actually just giving us what the media companies and advertisers want, and manipulating viewers in believing that it is our fault for the brainless content that’s being produced. It’s also a problem that men make up the majority of the board of these reputable media companies because the way women are represented is inaccurate and are often times exploited through the views of white, capitalist male elites who take no interest in genuine women empowerment. On the other hand, although men aren’t as demonized via media as women are, they still do struggle with radical stereotypes, biases, and discrimination. In Demise of Guys, Atherton[22] mentions that men are constantly exposed to explicit content such as pornography, creating an “arousal addiction.” Men are also constantly shown “ideal” images of masculinity where there is a lack of emotional representation and here, problems in intimacy and relationships will start to manifest.

These media influences affect the development of the authentic self for both females and males in a sense that when they are exposed to inaccurate representations without knowledge on the corporate strategy behind it, they will be easily manipulated into believing that who they are and how they look isn’t good enough. Especially for girls and boys who are exposed to explicit and exploitative content at a young age, they will start to believe that what they see on media is their reality. When in reality, everyone is different – we come in all shapes, sizes, and color – and it’s important to base your beauty from within rather than from the physical.

Media likes to hyper-sexualize women and pit them against each other while romanticizing the male character for their strength and independence. Although some women and men might prefer to play that role in reality, we would possibly live in a different society if we focused on issues such as gender equality, health and fitness, and educated viewers on the reality of the world instead of the dream.
Conclusion

In conclusion, from a socio-cultural perspective there are many social influences on cognitive development. As previously stated, the socio cultural context of cognition is explained through social and situated cognition, cultural production, social interaction and cognitive tools, socio-cultural theory, and individual contextual differences.Through social interaction students learn social cognition and develop cognitive tools. Individual differences in socio-cultural contexts are influenced by those closest to you. Over time these differences are internalized, and affect your cognition, thought patterns, and views about the world. As learners, we are influenced by macrosystem factors outside our control. This includes societal, individual, classroom, and institutional differences in contexts and situations of learning. This can have many instructional implications, and calls for more place based and cooperative classroom pedagogies, Research has stated that situated learning has an increasing influence on education. The ecological model also states that in order to understand human development, one must consider the entire ecological system in which growth occurs. As discussed, recent research suggests that prospective teachers hold simplistic views of student differences. They have little knowledge about different cultural groups. In fact, they may have negative attitudes toward those groups, and view the diverse backgrounds of students as a problem, and have lower expectations for the learning of ethnic minority students. In the development of children, there are many social processes of interaction. These early interactions will shape and serve as a template, for future pro social behaviours. The social context can have various of influences on our cognitive development. Such as : intelligence, environment factors, learning opportunities, economics status, family and society. In order to be effective instructors, one must take into account the social-cultural perspective, and account for the social influences on cognitive development.  
Glossary

Acculturation: adapting the norm, behavior, skills, belief, language, and attitudes of a particular community[4].

Cognitive development: Cognitive development is a field of study in neuroscience and psychology focusing on a child's development in terms of information processing, conceptual resources, perceptual skill, language learning, and other aspects of brain development and cognitive psychology compared to an adult's point of view[4].

Dialectic contradictions: Historically accumulated structural tensions in a language. . Each child, has their own set of deliberate semantics. Therefore, words can have different meanings according to each child[15].

Ecological model: An ecosystem model is an abstract, usually mathematical, representation of an ecological system (ranging in scale from an individual population, to an ecological community, or even an entire biome), which is studied to gain understanding of the real system[7].

Exosystem: The exosystem refers to a setting that does not involve the person as an active participant, but still affects them. This includes decisions that have bearing on the person, but in which they have no participation in the decision-making process. An example would be a child being affected by a parent receiving a promotion at work or losing their job[9].

Macrosystem: The macro-system encompasses the cultural environment in which the person lives, in the larger sociological context. This level of the ecological model often influences students without them even knowing it, leading to implicit beliefs or beliefs shared by a culture. Examples could include the economy, cultural values, and political system[9].

Mesosystem. The mesosystem consists of the interactions between the different parts of a person's microsystem. The mesosystem is where a person's individual microsystems do not function independently, but are interconnected and assert influence upon one another. These interactions have an indirect impact on the individual. For example, the relationship between parent and teacher, can have an indirect impact on a students learning[9].

Microsystem: The system closest to the person and the one in students have have direct contact. Some examples would be home, school, daycare, or work. A microsystem typically includes family, peers, or caregivers[9].

Place based instruction: The environment in which we learn and situation in which the learning takes place, is responsible for co-creating our knowledge. A place based learning approach is suited for the multi-cultural classroom. It focuses on transforming the traditional classroom environment, into a place that is engaging for all types of learners[18].

Scaffolding: building of a students prior knowledge to learn new or difficult concepts[17].

Situated Cognition: A theory based upon principles related to the fields of anthropology, sociology and cognitive sciences. Its main argument is that all knowledge a learner acquires is somehow situated within activities that are socially, physically or culturally-based[4].

Social cognition: A subtopic of social psychology that focuses on how people process social information (especially its encoding, storage, and retrieval) and how this information is applied to social situations, other people, and social interactions[4].

Social Context: refers to the immediate physical and social setting in which people live or in which something happens or develops. It includes the culture that the individual was educated or lives in, and the people and institutions with whom they interact[4].

Zone of proximal development: The zone of proximal development, often abbreviated as ZPD, is the difference between what a learner can do without help and what he or she can do with help[17].
Suggested Readings

Bronfenbrenner, U. (1999). Environments in developmental perspective: Theoretical and operational models. In Measuring environment across the life span : emerging methods and concepts(1st ed., pp. 3-28). Washington DC: American Psychological Association.

Brown et al., (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational Researcher, 32- 42

Campbell, F. A., Pungello, E. P., &amp; Miller-Johnson, S. (2002). The development of perceived scholastic competence and global self-worth in African American adolescents from low income families: The roles of family factors, early educational intervention, and academic experience. Journal of Adolescent Research, 17, 277-302.

Poch, S. (2005). Higher education in a box. International Journal of Educational  Management 19(3), 246-258. doi:10.1108/09513540510591020

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
References

Miller, S. A. (2010). Social-cognitive development in early childhood.interactions, 20, 21.
Turner, J. C., Hogg, M. A., Oakes, P. J., Reicher, S. D., &amp; Wetherell, M. S. (1987). Rediscovering the social group: A self-categorization theory. Cambridge, MA, US: Basil Blackwell, Inc.
Smith, E. R., &amp; Conrey, F. R. (2009). The social context of cognition.Cambridge handbook of situated cognition, 454-466.
Brown, J. S., Collins, A., &amp; Duguid, P. (1989). Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educational researcher, 18(1), 32-42.
Anderson, J. R., Reder, L. M., &amp; Simon, H. A. (1996). Situated learning and education. Educational researcher, 25(4), 5-11.
Smith, E. R., &amp; Conrey, F. R. (2009). The social context of cognition.Cambridge handbook of situated cognition, 454-466.
Bronfenbrenner, U., &amp; Morris, P. A. (1998). The ecology of developmental processes.
Cervone, D., Shadel, W. G., &amp; Jencius, S. (2001). Social-cognitive theory of personality assessment. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 5(1), 33-51.
Bronfenbrenner’s, U. (2011). YOUTH, Science TEACHING AND Learning.
Böhmer, W. (2009). An investigation into the inclusion of child development in early childhood programs (Doctoral dissertation).
Gay, G. (2000). Culturally responsive teaching: Theory, research, and practice. New York, NY:Teachers College Press
Hollingsworth, S. (1989). Prior beliefs and cognitive change in learning to teach. American educational research journal, 26(2), 160-189.
Maschinot B. (2000). The Changing Face of the United States The Influence of Culture on Early Child Development:  2000 M St., NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036-3307 (202) 638-1144
Rogoff, B., &amp; Morelli, G. (1989). Perspectives on children's development from cultural psychology. American Psychologist, 44343-348. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.44.2.343
Mahn, H. h. (2012). Vygotsky's Analysis of Children's Meaning Making Processes. International Journal Of Educational Psychology,1(2), 100-126. doi:10.4471/ijep.2012.07
Reunamo, J. J., &amp; Nurmilaakso, M. (2007). Vygotsky and agency in language development. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 15(3), 313-327. doi:10.1080/13502930701679320
Thompson, I. (2013). The Mediation of learning in the Zone of Proximal Development through a Co-Constructed Writing Activity. Research In The Teaching Of English, 47(3), 247-276. 
Sloan, C. (2013). Transforming Multicultural Classrooms through Creative Place-Based Learning. Multicultural Education, 21(1), 26-32
Kana‘iaupuni, S., Ledward, B., &amp; Jensen, U. (2010). Culture-based education and its relationship to student outcomes. EDUCATION.
Clapper, T. t. (2015). Cooperative-Based Learning and the Zone of Proximal Development. Simulation &amp; Gaming, 46(2), 148-158. doi:10.1177/1046878115569044 
Bruning, R., Schraw, G., &amp; Norby, M. (2010). Cognitive psychology and instruction (5th ed). Pearson Merrill Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ. ISBN: 978-0132368971
Atherton J S (2013) Doceo; Assignment Presentation Guidelines [On-line: UK] retrieved 2 March 2016 from http://www.doceo.co.uk/academic/assignment_presentation.htm#Referencing
Lajoie, K&amp; Azevedo, J (1992). Laughter and stress Humor, 5, 43-355.
Dobbin, F. 2004. The New Economic Sociology: A Reader. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Social emotional learning (SEL) is the development of knowledge, skills and attitudes to effectively manage and understand emotions in social settings. SEL programs teach children to establish positive relationships while making responsible decisions in the school setting. SEL is intended to provide a foundation for socialization and achievement in school and later life.&lt;ref&gt;Denham, Susanne A. (2014). How Preschoolers' Social-Emotional Learning Predicts their Early School Success: Developing Theory-Promoting, Competency-Based Assessments. 426-454.&lt;/ref&gt; There are five competencies identified within SEL: self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills and responsible decision making.&lt;ref&gt;SEL Defined. (n.d.). Retrieved November 1, 2015&lt;/ref&gt; These competencies enhance students' understanding of themselves and others around them. This chapter examines the theory, research and application of the five SEL competencies.

==Self-Management==
Self-management is the management of one’s emotions, behaviours, and thoughts in a variety of situations. There are three approaches to social emotional learning: '''positive youth development''' (PYD), '''critical youth empowerment''' (CYE), and '''sociopolitical development''' (SPD). The approach that relates to self-management the most is PYD. PYD uses a variety of activities and experiences to assist young people in building their social and emotional competence in the society&lt;ref&gt;Jackson, Cassandra McKay. (2014). A Critical Approach to Social Emotional Learning Instruction Through Community-Based Service Learning. 292-312.&lt;/ref&gt;. These activities and experiences allow young people to build an attitude towards their capability at different stages of their life. It is important to develop a positive attitude because attitude is the way of thinking or feeling that is reflected in one's behaviour. In order to maintain a positive attitude, one need to learn their capability on managing stress, motivating oneself, controlling impulses, and setting toward achieving personal and academic goals&lt;ref&gt;SEL Defined. (n.d.). Retrieved November 1, 2015&lt;/ref&gt;. In an educational setting, self-management is an essential component for young people to grasp. Stress is often the feeling that occurs to young people the most often in school. Self-management will benefit young people by preventing a mental breakdown and have methods of calming oneself. So through the PYD activities and experiences, young people can learn how to self-manage their social and emotional competence. 
&lt;h3&gt;Managing Emotions&lt;/h3&gt;
Emotions are an instinctive or intuitive feeling derived from reasoning or knowledge. Being able to manage emotions is important because it can either affect an individual’s behaviour in a positive or negative way. Every individual has different methods of coping with emotions; it just comes down to the individual's self-management skills. An individual first self-manages through learning how to manage stress, motivate oneself, control impulses, and set toward achieving personal and academic goals&lt;ref&gt;SEL Defined. (n.d.). Retrieved November 1, 2015&lt;/ref&gt;. Research has shown that stress is one of the factors affect a student’s level of functioning. '''Academic stress''' is when a student feels they lack the skills, emotions, and time to effectively perform a given task&lt;ref&gt;Alan Davis, V. Scott Solberg, Christine de Baca &amp; Taryn Hargrove Gore (2014) Use of Social Emotional Learning Skills to Predict Future Academic Success and Progress Toward Graduation, Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 19:3-4, 169-182, DOI: 10.1080/10824669.2014.972506&lt;/ref&gt;. Under stressful conditions, it is difficult for students to manage their emotions because majority of the time, they feel helpless about a task. '''Motivation''' can be one of the best methods to manage emotions. Motivation gives an individual the drive to set towards achieving their personal and academic goals. Throughout that process, an individual can maintain positive when they think about what their accomplished goal or the reward (if any) at the end of the goal. In a school setting, student motivation is called '''autonomous motivation'''. Autonomous motivation is undertaking an activity because of its meaningfulness and relevance&lt;ref&gt;Alan Davis, V. Scott Solberg, Christine de Baca &amp; Taryn Hargrove Gore (2014) Use of Social Emotional Learning Skills to Predict Future Academic Success and Progress Toward Graduation, Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 19:3-4, 169-182, DOI: 10.1080/10824669.2014.972506&lt;/ref&gt;. Students are more motivated to pursue activities that made more meaningful to them by their educators. It is called autonomous motivation because the educators will mold a classroom environment that allows students to make choices of their own in classroom interactions. According to a research done on social emotional learning skills such as motivation and managing stress, these skills are good indicators of future academic outcomes&lt;ref&gt;Alan Davis, V. Scott Solberg, Christine de Baca &amp; Taryn Hargrove Gore (2014) Use of Social Emotional Learning Skills to Predict Future Academic Success and Progress Toward Graduation, Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 19:3-4, 169-182, DOI: 10.1080/10824669.2014.972506&lt;/ref&gt;. The research was conducted towards high school students. The results showed that students who had lower social emotional learning skills academically scored in the bottom 25%, and students with high social emotional learning skills academically scored in the top 25%&lt;ref&gt;Alan Davis, V. Scott Solberg, Christine de Baca &amp; Taryn Hargrove Gore (2014) Use of Social Emotional Learning Skills to Predict Future Academic Success and Progress Toward Graduation, Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 19:3-4, 169-182, DOI: 10.1080/10824669.2014.972506&lt;/ref&gt;. Students who saw college as an important journey or goal in life was reflected in their grade point average (GPA) after their first year of high school. If there is a steady or significant increase in a student’s GPA, this means they had the motivation to work towards getting admitted into college. By improving students’ social emotional learning skills, students will become more self-regulated and engaged learners&lt;ref&gt;Alan Davis, V. Scott Solberg, Christine de Baca &amp; Taryn Hargrove Gore (2014) Use of Social Emotional Learning Skills to Predict Future Academic Success and Progress Toward Graduation, Journal of Education for Students Placed at Risk (JESPAR), 19:3-4, 169-182, DOI: 10.1080/10824669.2014.972506&lt;/ref&gt;. Becoming self-regulated means to become autonomous by controlling their own emotions and behaviour. Self-regulated students will be able to effectively seek motivational goals to pursue. They will also be able to seek methods that can sufficiently cope with their stress. 
&lt;h3&gt;Classroom Management&lt;/h3&gt;
In an educational setting, classroom management is one of the contributing factors to students' self-management. Classroom management is the teacher's knowledge about student's behaviour and development, as well as developing strategies and practices that would assist students&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24. &lt;/ref&gt;. With this knowledge, teachers can pass down the tools necessary for students to successfully manage their own behaviour. For students to gain the capability of managing their behaviours in a classroom, they must first learn how to regulate their own emotions. For example, if a student knows how to calm their own emotions and be patient, chances are they will be less disruptive in class. However, students are not the only ones who must learn how to regulate their own emotions. As an educator of the students, they must learn how to regulate their emotions before becoming a role model for the students. As a role model, the teacher demonstrates proper solutions on handling situations, as well as creating positive relationships with every student in the class&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.  &lt;/ref&gt;. Creating positive relationships with the students will allow the teacher to understand them better. This way, teachers can develop better strategies and practices tailored to each student’s needs. 

There are four principles of effective classroom management&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24. &lt;/ref&gt; : 
 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Four Principles of Effective Classroom Management  !! Details
|-
| 1. Planning and Preparation || Teachers have a clear lesson plan for the day so transitions between activities will be smooth.
|-
| 2. Extension of the Quality of Relationships in the Classroom || Creating positive relationships with students will decrease the possibilities of classroom disruptions.
|-
| 3. Management is Embedded in the Environment || Teachers use materials to support their teaching routines (eg: using charts or pictures)
|-
| 4. Ongoing Processes of Observation and Documentation || Teachers need to consistently reflect upon their management skills to see if it is working effectively. 
|}

The main purpose of these principles is to allow educators to gain the skills to prevent the worst case scenarios. This means being planning ahead of time so educators will not panic and handle the situations ahead of them. These principles are not to prepare educators on how to react, but how to prevent and build skills&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. Reaction is how the educator manages and expresses their emotions during a situation, whereas prevention will allow the educators think ahead of time and prepare for the worst. In doing so, this promotes organization and educators will have control over the classroom. A technique that could be used to gain control over the classroom is enforcing a daily routine. This routine could be used when transitioning between activities&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt; or to get the class to quiet down. For example, if an educator wants to get the students' attention, they could clap their hands in a rhythm and have the students follow. By doing so, this enforces positive behaviour from the students and students will manage themselves by reinforcing expectations&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. The clapping creates a positive behaviour and will be emitted by students in applicable situations. Also, having a particular transition between activities can create positive behaviour because it will make the classroom more predictable&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. For example, educators can use a particular song to end an activity to start the next. Students will get into the habit of this routine and manage themselves through reinforcing the positive behaviour. 

Using these principles, students can gain autonomy through managing their own behaviour&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. These principles not only allow educators to gain control over their classroom, but students will have the opportunity to self-manage. To create a positive relationship with the students, educators will need to create boundaries and balance between warmth and discipline&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. Educators need to understand the degree of their discipline because going by the rules for everything will stray the students away from the educators. Discipline that are over controlling can cause educators to be inflexible and unresponsive to student needs&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. There should not be a determined discipline because every year, there will be new students in every classroom. The discipline should be modified based on the needs of the students so there will be opportunities for students to learn the skills to self-manage.

==Self-Awareness==

Self-awareness is assessing one’s emotions and thoughts and its impact on behaviour. One of the three approaches to social emotional learning, sociopolitical development (SPD), connects to self-awareness. SPD is the critical reflection of young people that help them see and understand structures, social values and practices that they may be struggling with&lt;ref&gt;Jackson, Cassandra McKay. (2014). A Critical Approach to Social Emotional Learning Instruction Through Community-Based Service Learning. 292-312.&lt;/ref&gt;. Critical thinking will assist young people on realizing what their weaknesses are. Self-awareness allows the young people to determine their strengths and weaknesses, as well as maintaining a positive attitude and confidence. This is especially important in an educational setting because young people need to understand their capabilities to set goals for themselves that are not out of their limits. Figuring out what one’s strengths and weaknesses are can influence emotions and thoughts either a positive or negative way. If one is struggling with their weaknesses, this could result with frustration, anger, or any negative emotions or thoughts. This will also lead up to negative behaviour. In an educational setting, educators need to understand students’ weaknesses so they can '''scaffold''' alongside to turn them into strengths. This will be beneficial with students’ self-awareness. 
&lt;h3&gt;Morals and Values&lt;/h3&gt;
On one hand, morals are a person’s standards of behaviour involving their definitive belief about what is acceptable and what is not acceptable for them to do. It is crucial for people to develop morals because they establish a set of rules for themselves based on their belief between right and wrong. Having morals will provide a person with directions, guiding them towards more positive decisions and preventing themselves from negative choices. This works in with SPD through the critical reflection that one must go through. SPD seeks out social values, structures, practices, and processes that need to be altered&lt;ref&gt;Jackson, Cassandra McKay. (2014). A Critical Approach to Social Emotional Learning Instruction Through Community-Based Service Learning. 292-312.&lt;/ref&gt;. A person with morals can easily seek out those social factors that do not fit in with their beliefs. Setting a set of ground rules allows an individual to determine whether their emotions and thoughts are generating a positive or negative behaviour. 

On the other hand, values are what are important to an individual. Values and morals work to build on each other. Morals determine what is acceptable and not acceptable in an individual’s perspective, and values determine what is important. Values will trigger the emotions in an individual because a value sets an importance on an object, a person, a place, etc. in the individual’s life. Values can give an individual confidence and optimism in life because these values act as a motivation for the individual. Motivation is a factor that will benefit young people in schools. Motivation gives people a reason to do things because it interests them. Usually, an individual will develop motivation for a task because they can get something out of it (eg: a reward). The reward they get out of a task could be of some value of theirs. Thus, having values can also be used as a motivator for people. 
&lt;h3&gt;SECURe&lt;/h3&gt;[[File:SECURe (PreK) Strategies and Routines.png|right|thumb|SECURe (PreK) Strategies and Routines]]
Researchers have come up with a school intervention called '''SECURe'''&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. SECURe stands for Social, Emotional, and Cognitive Understanding and Regulation in education. This intervention is used in primary education to assist with three skills: cognitive regulation/executive function, emotion processes and interpersonal skills&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. SECURe uses games and songs to teach these skills, such as using a storybook to identify the emotions of the characters. The educator would then teach a method called, &quot;I Message&quot; &lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. This method teaches students to express their emotions to their classmates. For example, if a student is upset with their classmate because they were calling them names, then the student would speak up to their classmate and say, &quot;I am upset because I do not like being called names&quot;. I Message is beneficial in assisting students to become self-aware because this method allows students to regulate their emotions to discover how they were feeling and why they felt that way. By becoming self-aware, students can regulate their emotions and communicate in a calm manner to their peers about how they feel. This reduces the chance of students acting in an irrational behaviour that could lead to negative consequences. 

Another component of SECURe is creating daily structures and routines because this provides opportunities for students to practice skills in recurring interactions and relationship-building activities&lt;ref&gt;Jones, S.M., Bailey, R., Jacob, R. (2014). Social Emotional Learning is Essential to Classroom Management. 19-24.&lt;/ref&gt;. This is mainly for students in prekindergarten and/or kindergarten. These students have just started interacting with other students their age so creating a routine is very beneficial. Creating a structure or routine will give them the basic understanding of which behaviour to use in certain situations. Grasping this component of SECURe will enable them to move further as they progress and eventually self-manage. 

==Social Awareness==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Social Awareness Refers to
|-
| Being aware of others
|-
| Understanding that others have feelings
|-
| Knowing that YOUR actions affect others
|}

Social awareness is the student's ability to express and control their thoughts and emotions in different situations. Developing the student's ability to  '''self regulate''' their thoughts, emotions, attention and '''reactivity''' is a key goal of SEL. Through learning social awareness strategies, students can identify which emotions are appropriate to display in different social events. For example, students know how to regulate their behaviors inside a classroom compared to a formal event such as a wedding ceremony or funeral. As students continue to develop frameworks on how to behave in a formal setting compared to a casual setting, students demonstrate more behaviors aligned with the social norm.

Through becoming socially aware of one's surroundings, students also learn techniques in how to remain motivated and focused on a given task within the classroom. For example throughout the school day, students can learn how to improve their level of motivation and focus as teachers encourage them to practice '''mindfulness''' techniques which refers to being consciously aware of how one is feeling physically and emotionally at that present moment and accepting those emotions. Research has shown students who are mindful of their emotions are more socially aware of how to regulate those positive and negative emotions &lt;ref&gt;John Meiklejohn (2012) Integrating Mindfulness Training into K-12 Education: Fostering the Resilience of Teachers and Students. 291–307.&lt;/ref&gt; For example, when students are feeling stressed and angry, being mindful of their current emotional state allows students to reflect on how they are feeling and encourages regulation of their emotions through talking about their feelings, or accepting their emotional state and relaxing. Social awareness also refers to the student’s ability to see situations in different perspectives. This teaches students how to be respectful, and open minded when being introduced to new situations with different challenges such as transitioning into a new school, classroom or having to work with new people. These new situations allow students to become more aware of one's surroundings as it also encourages students to be accepting of diverse point of views. If these skills are not practiced within the classroom, these transitional situations would lead to chaos as individuals will not understand the importance of compromising and integrating ideas from both the sides of the relationship. For example, teachers can demonstrate social awareness within the classroom by incorporating the student's ideas when creating classroom rules and boundaries. This demonstrates social awareness as the students are encouraged to speak up and share their perspectives on situations in which the teacher will take into consideration. This demonstrates social awareness as there is a level of compromise and integration of ideas when creating classroom standards and rules. These types of relationships leads students to build a trusted relationship with their teacher which allows the student to be less at risk of developing social and emotional regulation problems as the students learn new strategies in how to be open minded to different ideas &lt;ref&gt;Robert C. Pianta (2012) Recent trends in research on teacher–child relationships Institute for Policy Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA; C213–231 &lt;/ref&gt;. Through being open minded, students learn compromise helps to resolve social, emotional and physical problems. For example, if there is a conflict between two friends, if both individuals demonstrate social awareness by listening to the perspective of the other individual, it is more likely that the conflict will be resolved sooner as both sides of the relationship shares their ideas while listening to the other. 

Mindfulness brings many advantages to students Physically, Emotionally and Mentally

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Physically !! Emotionally !! Mentally
|-
| Students report feeling less fatigue || better emotional regulation || Better attention span
|-
| Improved sleep cycle || teaches students to &quot;think before acting&quot; || better memory capacity
|-
| Lowers blood pressure || feeling less stressed || higher academic performance
|-
| Helps relieve physical tension || teaches relaxation techniques || less substance use and depression
|}

&lt;h3&gt;Gestures&lt;/h3&gt; 
Gestures are the ways in which children learn to express how they are feeling through physical hand motions and body movements. These methods of learning can be integrated into the classroom setting by teaching students ways in which they can express their emotions through words and showing their emotions through their hand gestures. For example, when teachers ask students how everyone is feeling today from 1-5 (1 being bad), students should learn to express their emotions through hand gestures not simply holding their emotions into themselves. When students do not practice skills in expressing their emotions through gestures, they are more likely to develop temperament as these students may internalize all their emotional expressions &lt;ref&gt;Ann Sanson, S. A. (2004) Connections between Temperament and Social Development: A Review. 143-170.&lt;/ref&gt;. Gestures help students to develop more efficient ways in communicating their thoughts and feelings which may be unclear for teachers and peers.Gestures can also be used to teach students new information. For example, when learning their colors, body parts and letters, students can learn these information through songs, videos, and hand gestures such as Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes or ABC. Through learning these songs, hand gestures and body movement, students can retain the information in a fun and interactive way allowing the students to be more motivated and engaged to learn new information. Gestures also teaches students strategies in reading and understanding '''symbols''' in different situations. For example when seeing a &quot;quiet&quot; sign in the library, students will know they need to remain silent inside the library, taking into consideration the other people who maybe studying and trying to focus. However, some gestures or symbols have more than one meaning. For example raising our hands in class demonstrates the student has something they want to share. On the other hand, raising our hands while crossing the street shows a different meaning as it represents manners to the driver. Students can learn which gestures are appropriate for certain situations when the teacher demonstrates the meanings behind these gestures through &quot;role playing&quot; in which students and teachers act out situations  helping to demonstrate which gestures are appropriate for certain situations. 
&lt;h2&gt;Relationship Skills&lt;/h2&gt;
Relationship skills are the strategies students use to build and maintain positive relationships among peers and surroundings. When building positive relationships, researchers often wonder ''why individuals chose to create friendships with certain people but not others.'' Researchers wonder whether creating relationships has to do with personality traits, physical abilities, socioeconomic systems, intelligence, or other features&lt;ref&gt;Mary E. Gifford-Smitha, Celia A. Brownell (2003) Childhood peer relationships: social acceptance, friendships, and peer networks Journal of School Psychology 41, 235–284&lt;/ref&gt;. Overall, students build positive relationships as they learn to communicate their thoughts and feelings in a positive and healthy way through using '''emotional regulation'''.  Learning these techniques allows students to become more open minded to diversity within the classroom as they learn to interact with all peers regardless of their age, gender, size or ethnicity. When these skills are developed at a young age, students built upon these frameworks on how to build and maintain relationships in the future with their co-workers, family members and their partners, as students are able to identify which relationship strategy worked and didn't work while they were in school. Overall, students who show better acceptance by their peers often demonstrated more admirable qualities within them such as being friendly, intelligent, attractive and athletic. To add on, these students were shown to be more successful in the future facing less emotional problems such as depression and social anxiety disorder &lt;ref&gt;Weinstein, C.S., Romano, M. (2015) Knowing Your Students and Their Special Needs 110-145&lt;/ref&gt;. 
&lt;h3&gt;Bullying&lt;/h3&gt;
Bullying is one of the most common issue within all school environments but can be difficult to identify due to the several different methods of bullying that takes place. Bullying can be done directly (hitting, pushing punching), or indirectly (verbally abusing someone through name calling, isolating). Two main reasons for bullying others include '''alleviating boredom/creating excitement''' and to '''split up friendship and group processes.''' Bullying is common within the classroom as students choose to reject and/or &quot;pick on&quot; students who look more vulnerable and seem to be easier targets.&lt;ref&gt;Mary E. Gifford-Smith, C. A. (2002). Childhood Peer Relationships: Social Acceptance, Friendships, and Peer networks. 41, 235–284.&lt;/ref&gt; In general, researchers show females to be more verbally victimized whereas males report being bullied more physically &lt;ref&gt;WENDY M. CRAIG &amp; DEBRA J. PEPLER (2007) Understanding Bullying: From Research to Practice; Canadian Psychology Vol. 48, No. 2, 86-93&lt;/ref&gt; These situations affect children emotionally as they feel alone, misunderstood and are scared to speak up and seek help from an adult due to the believed consequences behind their actions. However, not speaking to a trusted friend or adult only makes the situation worse as bullying is often a '''''destructive process''''' as the bully continues to become stronger within the relationship while the victim becomes weaker &lt;ref&gt;WENDY M. CRAIG &amp; DEBRA J. PEPLER (2007) Understanding Bullying: From Research to Practice; Canadian Psychology Vol. 48, No. 2, 86-93&lt;/ref&gt; During these situations, teachers need to step in and teach students the effects of bullying how it can lead to depression, isolation and withdrawal within the victim &lt;ref&gt;Kenneth W. Merrell, R.B. (2006). Relational Aggression in Children and Adolescents: A review with implications for school settings. Psychology in the Schools , 43, 345-361.&lt;/ref&gt;. The teacher can bring more awareness of the effects of bullying by incorporating role plays of different bullying situations, or having professionals come into the classroom and speak about the consequences behind bullying and the importance of speaking up when one is involved in a bullying relationship. Through these involvements, the bullies are more likely to see the situations in the perspective of the victim, as they learn ways in how to create and maintain an equal respectful relationship with their peers. 
&lt;h3&gt;Building Relationships&lt;/h3&gt; 
Building relationships centers around student’s ability to learn how to create and maintain positive relationships inside and outside the classroom. It is evident that certain students have better relationship building skills compared to others, however, the true and main reason behind their advanced skills is still in research. It can have something to do with the student's cultural family background; the student's peer groups; personality characteristics and much more. Nevertheless, learning these skills at a young age teaches students appropriate strategies to use when building relationships with future peers, partners and co-workers. Students learn that the way they talk with their surrounds should be altered when interacting with people who are older than them such as teachers and parents. For example students should should show respect to older people by constantly being open minded towards receiving positive and negative feedback. If students chose to talk with adults like how they interact with their peers such as saying &quot;what's up&quot; or &quot;how's it going&quot;? teachers and adults can be lead into the perspective that ''this student is extremely rude and should be better educated''. In order for these situations to be avoided, research has shown that students learn better when they are shown ways in how to build positive relationships. Therefore teachers should step into the classroom modelling positive relationship building techniques such as demonstrating how to share, be respectful, and be welcoming for diversity. For example, when providing students with snacks, teachers can demonstrate how giving all students 1 piece is the fair thing to do as everyone gets the same amount. To add on, teachers should model the different levels of acceptable interaction between one's peers compared to adults they know. Through modelling these behaviours, students learn to modify their behaviour and create positive and long lasting relationships with their peers and surroundings &lt;ref&gt;Kenneth W. Merrell, R. B. (2006). Relational Aggression in Children and Adolescents. A review with implications for school settings. Psychology in the Schools, 43, 345-361&lt;/ref&gt;. 
&lt;h2&gt;Responsible Decision Making&lt;/h2&gt; 
Responsible decision making is the student's ability to construct responsible choices about their personal behaviours and social interactions. For students to develop these skills they need to consider various questions such as, ''how would this decision benefit me? what would be the consequences behind this decision? who will it impact?'' These question, choices and behaviour are often guided by the individual's pre-constructed '''ethical standards''', such as safety concerns, social norms and the evaluation of consequences behind performing these actions. These responsible decision making techniques are often guided by cultural and religious beliefs.

There are two main different cultural point of views known as: 

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Collectivist !! Individualistic     
|-
| We Oriented || Me Oriented
|-
| Blending in || Standing out
|-
| Belonging || Standing out
|-
| Group Goals || Individual Goals
|-
| Cooperation || Competition
|-
| Group Support || Self Reliant
|-
|}

For example, cultures that emphasize individualism (US, Canada, Australia), chose to make decisions based on what ''they believe'' would benefit themselves the most, whereas collectivist communities (Asia, Latin America) emphasizes the importance of group harmony instead of individual decisions  &lt;ref&gt;Xinyin Chen and Doran C. French (2008) Children’s Social Competence in Cultural Context 591-616&lt;/ref&gt;. These cultural differences affect the student's level of moral decision making even at the young age of 4. In the CBC video babies born to be good?, researchers conducted an experiment where researchers recruited students under the age of 5 to test their level of moral reasoning. All students showed diversity in age (4-5), ethnicity and gender. In each of the situations, the experimenter left one student in a room (1 on 1) full of mess. When the experimenter left the room to grab a clipboard, all the children chose to clean up the mess to help the researcher. Before conducting the experiment, researched believed students coming from collectivist communities (Asia, Latin America) will lie in order to not receive credit for helping the researcher whereas individualistic communities would be honest and take the credit for the job being done.The results confirmed the hypothesis as researchers found students from individualistic communities didn't mind “standing out” and receiving acknowledgement” whereas collectivist students preferred “blending in”. These cultural differences can be present upon individuals as they grow older due to their different moral and ethical values. For instance, when a student receives a job offer, individualistic communities would encourage the students to make the decision based on ''how the situation would benefit the individual'' whereas collectivist communities emphasize putting their group unity before their individual choices. Despite the different cultural perspectives, in order for responsible decision making to take place, individuals need to keep in mind how this decision would affect themselves as well as their surroundings. Through using responsible decision making, students learn to become critical thinkers as it introduces them to the importance of &quot;thinking before acting&quot;. Teachers can integrate these aspects of learning through reading short scenarios of a story and by asking students questions on ''what would be the responsible thing to do next? or What action can lead to a big consequence?'' These scenario acting techniques help students learn strategies in regulating their actions to fit their ethical beliefs. 

&lt;h3&gt;Social Behaviour&lt;/h3&gt;
Social behaviour looks at how individuals interact physically, emotionally and socially in different situations. This includes looking at how individuals interact through verbal face to face conversations or talking through a phone or electronic device. Social behavior also refers to physical interactions through holding hands, linking arms, hugging, etc. An individual's level of social behaviour is highly correlated with their past experiences. For example, when a child is highly '''neglected''' by their parents, they are more likely to display '''aggression''' inside the classroom due to the fact they were mostly rejected by their primary caregiver. &lt;ref&gt;Ann Sanson, S. A. (2004). Connections between Temperament and Social Development: A Review. 143-170.&lt;/ref&gt;. These negative interactions guided students to believe this world is an unsafe place therefore, they become highly defensive in new situations as they choose to reject new peers and teachers. During these situations, teachers need to step in and make the child feel safe and comfortable within the classroom, by integrating positive reinforcements such as complementing the student on their work, or providing feedback on how the student can improve their learning and understanding. Through these levels of interactions, the student often becomes less aggressive in different situations as the teacher helped to restructure the students understanding of the world to be a &quot;safe environment&quot; altering one's morals and shaping their interactions with their peers and parents.
&lt;h3&gt;Teamwork&lt;/h3&gt;
Teamwork is build within the classroom when students acknowledge the importance of '''collaboration''' of different works and ideas to make it better. Through using teamwork strategies, students learn ways in feeding off of each other through learning ways in getting their points and ideas across while listening to the opinions and feedbacks of other individuals. For example, when students work on group assignments, they often split up the work evenly and collaborate their ideas in the end. This allows the work to become more developed as it integrates different perspectives of the situation into one assignment. When there is a disagreement within the group, students learn more teamwork strategies by compromising and being respectful towards the ideas of their peers. However, if these skills are not practiced, teamwork situations would become chaotic for learners as well as teachers and students will struggle to regulate their ideas, emotions and relationships. Nevertheless, when teamwork is practiced inside the classroom through doing group projects, or playing team sports, children learn ways in building neutral and respectful relationships in the future. For example through playing a team sport, students better understand that in order to run a company, there needs to be different individuals having different roles to run the company however, group collaboration is important for the company to be successful.
&lt;h3&gt;Conflict&lt;/h3&gt;
Individuals often face social and emotional conflicts inside and outside the classroom setting. The individual's ability  to deal with these conflicts are highly dependent on their previous experiences resolving conflicts and is often shaped by their beliefs of social norms and ethical beliefs. For instance, at a young age, students are often unclear on social norms on how to resolve a conflict as they may have not been exposed to these situations. These students may lack morals therefore, may believe the best way to resolve a conflict is fighting back and becoming defensive. During these times, teachers can show students the consequences behind fighting back as it only makes the conflict worse. Teachers can then teach students ways to resolve the conflict through talking about the problem as students may have had a miscommunication. Many individuals also face emotional conflict such as feeling lonely, rejected, mad, and sad. During these situations, teachers should guide students in having a conversation about what they are feeling and why they are feeling this way. Research has shown students who resolve emotional conflicts through talking about it, lead the student to become more emotionally and socially stable in the future &lt;ref&gt;Joseph E. Zins, M. J. (2006). Social and Emotional Learning: Promoting the Development of All Students. Journal of Educational and Psychological Consultation, 17, 233–255.&lt;/ref&gt;

===Glossary===
'''Academic Stress''': An academic task is perceived as stressful by people who do not feel as if they have the skills, or emotional or time resources, needed to effectively manage a given activity. 

'''Aggression''': The practice of making assaults or attacks; boldly assertive.

'''Alleviating Boredom/Creating Excitement''': Picking on an individual to make their lives more fun, eventful and interesting.

'''Autonomous Motivation''': Engaging in an activity because of its perceived meaningfulness and relevance. 

'''Collaboration''': to work, one with another; cooperate, integrate ideas

'''Collectivist Perspective''': view point of Asian, Latin American communities emphasizing importance of group collaboration, group unity, and group belonging.

'''Critical Youth Empowerment (CYE)''': Focuses on collaboration and connection through various models of youth empowerment. 

'''Destructive process''': as the bullying continues, the power imbalance becomes greater because the bully continues to grow stronger as they figure out more vulnerable aspects of the victim making the victim weaker and an easier target. 

'''Diversity''': The inclusion of individuals representing more than one national origin, color, religion, sexual orientation, etc.

'''Emotional Regulation''': The child's ability to monitor their behaviour in different situations.

'''Ethical standards''': Perception of what is morally right and wrong, and their reasoning behind beliefs.

'''Individualistic Perspective''': view point of Canadians, Americans, Australian citizens emphasizing the importance of independence, having privacy, being self oriented, etc.  

'''Motivation''': The reason for acting or behaving in a particular way. 

'''Neglected''': Given little attention to, fail to show care.

'''Positive Youth Development (PYD)''': Using activities and experiences to assist young people in developing social, moral, emotional, physical, and cognitive competence in their community.
 
'''Reactivity''': How the individual responds to the environment.

'''Scaffold''': Process through which educators guide children along their emerging abilities.

'''SECURe''': Social, Emotional, and Cognitive Understanding and Regulation in education. 

'''Self Regulation''': Child's ability to control their reactivity in different situations while controlling their emotion and attention. 

'''Sociopolitical Development (SPD)''': Promotes an understanding of the cultural and political forces that shape one's societal status by emphasizing the acquisition of practical, analytical, and emotional faculties to act within political and social systems. 

'''Split up friendship and group processes''': Convincing others to not hangout with certain people due to having undesirable qualities.

'''Symbols''': Something used for or regarded as representing something else; Can include words, images, phrases to represent another object.

===Recommended Readings===
Ann Sanson, S.A. (2004) Connections between Temperament and Social Development: A Review. 143-170.

Jackson, Cassandra McKay. (2014). A Critical Approach to Social Emotional Learning Instruction Through Community-Based Service Learning. 292-312.

Weinstein, C.S., Romano, M. (2015) Knowing Your Students and Their Special Needs. 110-145.

==Activity Theory==
===The Development of Activity Theory===
Activity Theory (AT), often referred to as Cultural-Historical Activity Theory (CHAT), is a broad cognitive learning theory that emphasizes complex mediation of action and interactions between individuals (subjects), objects, contexts and communities.  It is often considered as a conceptual lens through which to consider a human activity more in-depth, providing “the tools for revealing the social and material resources that are salient in activity.” &lt;ref name=&quot;Dilani&quot;&gt;Dilani S. P. Gedera and P. John Williams Eds. (2016) Activity Theory in Education: Research and Practice. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sense Publishers.&lt;/ref&gt;    Activity Theory was developed by revolutionary soviet psychologists Lev Vygotsky, Alexi Leont’ev and others during the 1920’s and 1930’s in response to earlier theories of learning including behaviorism, psychoanalysis and reflexology.&lt;ref name=&quot;Bedney and Meister&quot;&gt;Bedney &amp; Meister 1997 Bedny, Gregory; Meister, David (1997). The Russian Theory of Activity: Current Applications to Design and Learning. Series in Applied Psychology. Psychology Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8058-1771-3}}.&lt;/ref&gt; Vygotsky’s focus was to draw on his earlier work in cultural-historical theory to determine how culture and language mediate between a stimulus and the response. AT also differs from Piaget’s theories, as it sees cognitive processes as influenced and mediated by external artifacts and influences, rather than considering them as separate.&lt;ref name=&quot;Roth and Lee&quot;&gt;Roth, W., &amp; Yew-Jin Lee. (2007) &quot;Vygotsky's Neglected Legacy&quot;: Cultural-Historical Activity Theory. Review of Educational Research, 77(2), 186-232. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org.proxy.lib.sfu.ca/stable/4624893 &lt;/ref&gt;  Basically, AT focuses on activities undertaken by subjects (human agents) who are motivated toward some objective (object); their activities are mediated by tools or mediating artifacts (which can include symbol systems and language).&lt;ref name=&quot;Engeström&quot;&gt;Engeström, Y. (2008) Expansive Learning: Toward an activity-Theoretical Reconceptualization. In Illeris, Knud (Ed.) (2008) Contemporary Theories of Learning: Learning Theorists … In Their Own Words.  New York, NY: Routledge.&lt;/ref&gt; This can take the form of a person (subject) using a can-opener (tool) to open a can (object), or of a child (subject) using words (tool) to ask for a cookie (object). Tools / mediating artifacts can be more abstract, including mathematical algorithms or the knowledge of a process, and are considered separately from, but also mediating the subject and its motivations.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dilani&quot; /&gt; This relationship has often been portrayed using a triangular diagram; pictured first is Vygotsky’s original theory (stimulus (S), Response (R) and “a complex, mediated act” (X)); the second image presents a more common version; subject, tool/mediating artifact, object. The following example demonstrates this and suggests Leont’ev’s further contributions to follow.
[[File:Activity Theory Image 1.png|thumb|Vygotsky and Leont'ev's Early Activity Theory]]
 
====Example: Leont'ev’s &quot;primeval collective hunt&quot;====

&quot;a beater, for example, taking part in a primeval collective hunt was stimulated by a need for food, or perhaps, a need for clothing, which the skin of the dead animal would meet for him. At what, however, was his activity directly aimed? It may have been directed, for example, at frightening a herd of animals and sending them towards other hunters, hiding in ambush. That, properly speaking, is what should be the result of the activity of this man. And the activity of this individual member of the hunt ends with that. The rest is completed by other members. This result, i.e. frightening of the game, etc., understandably does not in itself, and may not, lead to satisfaction of the beater's need for food, or the skin of the animal. What the processes of his activity were directed to did not, consequently, coincide with what stimulated them, i.e., did not coincide with the motive of his activity; the two were divided from one another in this instance. Processes, the object and motive of which do not coincide with one another, we shall call &quot;actions&quot;. We can say, for example, that the beater's activity is the hunt, the frightening of the game the action.&quot;&lt;ref name=&quot;Warwick&quot;&gt;Warwick Institute for Employment Research (2011) Activity Theory. Retrieved on July 12, 2016, from https://www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/ier/glacier/learning/theories/activitytheory/cg/&lt;/ref&gt;   In this early example, the subject is the hungry hunter, the tool/mediating artifact is the hunter’s specific activity (frightening the animals) and the object is the food and clothing resulting from the successful hunt.

Over time, more elements were elaborated in this model which better represent the complexity of each of the three components above.  Recently, Yrjö Engeström summarized this development of AT across three “generations” with Vygotsky and Leont’ev’s foundations above as the first and second.&lt;ref name=&quot;Engeström&quot; /&gt;  Both of these focused mainly on children and learning, and Vygotsky put much emphasis on language as the dominant mediating artifact. &lt;ref name=&quot;Roth and Lee&quot; /&gt; The third and current generation of AT began in the 1970’s, and focused on an increasingly complex range of relationships between the individual and his or her activities with various communities, including the workplace.  New areas of focus such as cross-cultural interactions and networks of interacting Activity Systems are central to contemporary activity theory.  Differences of tradition, language and cultural contexts add much complexity, and remains an area of active research.&lt;ref name=&quot;Engeström&quot; /&gt;  
In the diagrams below, the activities are now constrained by the rules/conventions of the context; they exist within communities, and they must consider the division of labor (social strata).  These elements are all interconnected, meaning that each one is influenced by each other.  One exception is the outcome, which may occur separately from and differ from the object of the activity.  The object is also considered to be a “moving target” because it is dependent on several variables.  The second image includes object 3, which is an outcome that is only possible when two or more subjects perform some activity to that end, each with an Activity System in play. The inclusion of many communities and subjects creates a complex challenge for AT theorists.&lt;ref name=&quot;Engeström&quot; /&gt; 
[[File:Activity Theory Image 2.png|thumb|An individual Activity System, and two interacting systems]]

====Example: A Teacher’s Decision-Making====
The following is a slightly shortened example that demonstrates the added components in the above Activity System diagrams:
Roth and Lee provide a fictional example of Katherine, a fifth grade teacher in a rural district who has taught her group of students in previous years.&lt;ref name=&quot;Roth and Lee&quot; /&gt; She decides that a unit on electricity would be best taught through hands-on experiential activities, but feels pressure from her school board towards accountability. She instead decides to rely on a canned direct-teaching method in order to ensure economy of instructional time, under assurances of mastery learning and higher achievement scores. During the week, she sees excited faces slowly dim, though she finishes the unit in time. She is disappointed at the apparent disengagement, and consoles herself that they will be fine in the end, and that they will do some fun experiments another time.

The subjects interacting here are Katherine and each of her students. The desired outcome is to learn the prescribed content satisfactorily. Katherine’s activity included direct teaching, influenced by rules set by members of her educational community, and the object was to complete the unit of instruction in time. While she was successful, the outcome of good understanding and engagement was not achieved by most students, who have their own Activity System at play. Their Activity System includes rules within a classroom community and their position as students; their activity was limited to listening, taking notes, responding occasionally and their object was to successfully complete instruction led by their teacher. Their activities were directed also by the educational community that put pressure on their teacher.&lt;ref name=&quot;Roth and Lee&quot; /&gt;

The missed opportunity in this example is that Katherine did not have confidence enough in her theoretical defense of experiential learning; even though it would have provided for richer interactions in the activity of her students and ultimately led to a better learning outcome. Both groups did achieve their objects, but because the outcome is variable based on all subjects’ mediated activities, it was less than ideal. Following Activity Theory, if Katherine or another teacher were to lay out their desired outcomes, their community influences, rules, and divisions of labour, she would be able to point to features that show that her objective (completing a unit on time) will not lead to the desired outcome. She may need to leverage her professional and personal knowledge of her students as well as her school community in order to influence her administration to accommodate and validate her methods in way that satisfies their standards.

Engeström lays out five principles that characterize contemporary (third generation) AT. The first is that the unit of analysis is the Activity System described above, though it may change or adjust to groups activities. The second is that Activity Systems are multi-voiced, where multiple points of view, traditions and interests are presented according positioning within the division of labor, and following various historical layers/strands; all of which is multiplied in networks of Activity Systems. The third is historicity; Activity Systems must be understood within their own history, as the local history of an activity and its objects changes how they affect other components; to understand medicine in a given area, one must consider the history of local medical organizations and the global history of medical concepts, procedures, tools, etc. The fourth is the central role of contradictions as sources of change and development. This refers to accumulating tension (rather than conflict) that arises with the introduction of new elements and generates attempts at adaptation or change of a given Activity System. The fifth is the possibility for expansive transformations in Activity Systems. As contradictions lead to tension and change, some members may reach out to other Activity Systems or deviate from norms, resulting in a larger collaborative effort to reconceptualize and reform some larger societal activity.&lt;ref name=&quot;Engeström&quot; /&gt;

====Application: Activity Theory and Human-Computer Interaction====
An example of contemporary application of AT is in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Bonnie Nardi’s book Context and Consciousness highlights several examples of fruitful application of AT to HCI.&lt;ref name=&quot;Nardi&quot;&gt;Nardi, B. (1996). Context and consciousness: Activity theory and human-computer interaction. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.&lt;/ref&gt;   Nardi begins with a proposition that rather than HCI, the term computer-mediated activity be used. The focus can then shift from the computer separated from the human by an interface, and instead dissolve this, incorporating contextual elements as well in mediating the activity.  
The focus on the Activity System is useful in designing electronic tools to suit a given activity because it provides a new perspective on the nature of the activities, objectives, and mediating artifacts involved. It also directs attention systematically to the other elements in the Activity System such as the division of labour, community and rules and conventions. Nardi discusses the implications for the design of educational technologies, which are similar to the design of any instructional tool. That is, in order to achieve an objective (learning x or y), an activity or tool must be developed while considering the whole situation as well as the end users and their motivations. The design is usually also iterative, using prototypes in the usage context, with students and teachers and curriculum. In this way, the external influences on a student must be well-understood in order for the student to internalize (learn) what is expected (the objective).&lt;ref name=&quot;Nardi&quot; /&gt;

==Distributed Cognition==
Distributed Cognition (DCOG) is a theory that suggests that certain cognitive processes may be externalized into certain objects, processes, or other individuals in a group or team. This makes a distinction made between traditional cognition taking place in an individual’s head and Distributed cognition, which may take place partly or mostly outside of the individual. &lt;ref name=&quot;Belland&quot;&gt;Belland, B.R. (2011). Distributed Cognition as a Lens to Understand the Effects of Scaffolds: The Role of Transfer of Responsibility. Educational Psychology Review, 23(4), 577-600.&lt;/ref&gt;  In the case of objects, processes or technologies, there is an additional distinction between cognizers, who initiate new cognitive activities (thinking, understanding, knowing) and those cognitive helpers who are tasked with some element of it. Additionally, some internal (e.g. mental representations) elements can be considered as examples of DCOG alongside external ones (e.g. a scientific poster or a calculator). We will now consider aspects of DCOG as they relate to specific groups, technologies and processes through a series of illustrative examples.  

===DCOG in a Notebook===
Clark and Chalmers’ (1998) present a popular example of Otto’s Notebook. They compare two people who need to find their way across town to an art exhibition; one relies only on memory to reach her destination, and Otto, who suffers from Alzheimer’s disease and relies heavily on a notebook to remember the date, location and directions to the same exhibition. The example illustrates how we are quite used to relying on information stored in our environments to support our own memory systems. Many people with memory deficits carry a notebook in order to record and retrieve information in a way that others would do using their long-term memory. &lt;ref name=&quot;Clark&quot;&gt;Clark, A. and D. Chalmers. The extended mind. Analysis 58(1): 7–19, 1998. &lt;/ref&gt;  
The authors present this story as part of an argument for an extended mind, with external artifacts considered as on-par with normal cognitive processes, rather than separate from them. This case presents the notebook as an extension of memory. It is an effective example because many people frequently use similar tools, and increasingly use digital tools for the same ends (camera-phone, voice recording, webmail etc.).
===DCOG in a Sports Team===
Williamson and Cox (2014) present an example of a sports team. They compare a team of individual experts to another, expert team. They refer to the first as an aggregate system, and the expert team as an emergent system.&lt;ref name=&quot;Williamson&quot;&gt; Kellie Williamson &amp; Rochelle Cox (2014) Distributed Cognition in Sports
Teams: Explaining successful and expert performance, Educational Philosophy and Theory,
46:6, 640-654.&lt;/ref&gt; The performance of the second team may be greater than the sum of its parts, just as the first team may look good on paper but underperform. Shared knowledge and skill (embodied and declarative) is important to the success of the expert team, and is often based on a shared history. It is possible for teams to “gel” quickly if members are compatible.  This approach to DCOG is also found in other collaborative domains including music, dance, surgery and work teams. Each case involves coordination of many individuals’ skills, intentions, patterns of action and cognition. Also important is a sharing of affect or mood, which can also lead to a shared drop in morale, which negatively affects performance. Cohesion in an expert team is maintained through verbal communication, body language and performance. Finally, members share their collective and individual knowledge of the game, their own skills (some intangible ones), others’ skills, and knowledge about what others know about them. This shared knowledge, supported by an affective community allows each player to rely on the whole team in order to attain their shared objectives. In this way, there is a network that can distribute cognitive processes and activity in a fluid and highly efficient manner. &lt;ref name=&quot;Williamson&quot; /&gt;

===DCOG in an Airline Cockpit===
Hutchins and Klausen describe a commercial airline cockpit as an example of DCOG, in which interactions between internal (the pilot’s thoughts) and external knowledge representations (controls, instrumentation). Considering the movement of information through such a complex system, the authors determined that the expertise within the system resides also in the organization of tools and the work environment itself.&lt;ref name=&quot;Hutchins&quot;&gt;Hutchins, E., Klausen, T. (2000) Distributed Cognition in an Airline Cockpit. In Y. Engeström and D. Middleton (Eds.) Cognition and communication at work. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 15-34.&lt;/ref&gt; The shared cognitive processing emerges when tools, information and human activity are efficiently combined to create a system that is not dependent on individual pilot skills. Success is dependent instead on socially distributed tasks with the complexity and support required changing based on need (communication with an air-traffic controller before landing, takeoff, maintenance checks, etc.). &lt;ref name=&quot;Hutchins&quot; /&gt; As in the Sports example, parallels to other work environments can be made; where the arrangement of tools, protocols and human activity are clearly defined (as in medicine or collaborative technical work), DCOG provides a useful lens though which to examine cognitive tasks and the roles of support systems in order to optimize efficiency, ensure appropriate redundancy, or other improvements to a given process.

===DCOG in Scaffolding===
Belland (2011) examines the concept of scaffolding through the lens of DCOG, with Problem-Based Learning using computer-based scaffolds as a focus. The support provided by a scaffold can rightly be called distributed cognition, but it differs in that scaffolding is meant to “fade” as responsibility is transferred to the learner.&lt;ref name=&quot;Belland&quot; /&gt; Additionally, scaffolding is often human-dependent, as dynamic responses to learner needs are difficult for computers to reliably accomplish. The effect of removing scaffolding too early may be hazardous, and allowing the tool to remain may prevent the formation of new schemas. Therefore, where DCOG is used to help design a scaffold, it is most useful to scaffold in a way that supports the learner in generating their own schema, accomplishing some task that the learner need not internalize (using a ruler and calculator to draw an enlargement grid for an art project). Further, if the scaffolding does use a tool as in DCOG, that tool should be easily available for use if needed to solve that problem in the future. In this way, certain scaffolds may remain in place in order to augment the learner in transfer contexts, or remain until the learner has internalized their functions.&lt;ref name=&quot;Belland&quot; /&gt;

===DCOG and Computers - The Cognitive Commons===
Many examples of machine-supported information retrieval and learning have been presented over time, but the personal computer and the Internet have provided many examples of distributed cognition in everyday contexts. Much like Otto’s notepad, many people regularly consult digital calendars, notes, emails online search engines for timely information for a wide variety of cognitive tasks. Search engines provide one of the best examples, with effective algorithms and enormous amounts of data combining to make a tool that is relied upon to assist in many tasks, from trip planning to social networking.

Clark and Chalmers present a popular example of a brain implant, in which a normally external technology is able to interpret and respond to stimuli inside of the &quot;skin and skull&quot;. This is an example of DCOG, but also what the authors refer to as extended cognition, or active externalism because of the potential for a coupled system which may be considered a cognitive system in its own right. &lt;ref name=&quot;Clark&quot; /&gt; Personal electronics such as smartphones are a limited form of this kind of extended cognition (slower, external); the authors describe the element of portability being central to the popular conception of cognition, which is partly addressed by ubiquitous and portable technology.

Dror and Harnad (2008) describe the concept of a cognitive commons, in which the Internet is a persistent and dynamic aid to many cognitive processes, and a common space for people to share cognitive tasks.&lt;ref name=&quot;Dror&quot;&gt;I.Dror &amp; S. Harnad. (2008) Offloading Cognition onto Cognitive Technology. In I.Dror &amp; S. Harnad (Eds.) Cognition Distributed: How Cognitive Technology Extends Our Minds (pp 1–23). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing.&lt;/ref&gt; They draw attention to the term cognizing as the act of thinking, understanding and knowing things, as a mental state which is not present in technologies that may support cognition. However, when cognizers, with performance capacity extended through DCOG with various tools, apply language and networking on the Internet, a cognitive commons is possible, similar to Engeström’s expansive learning theory.&lt;ref name=&quot;Engeström&quot;&gt;Engeström, Y. (2008) Expansive Learning: Toward an activity-Theoretical Reconceptualization. In Illeris, Knud (Ed.) (2008) Contemporary Theories of Learning: Learning Theorists … In Their Own Words.  New York, NY: Routledge.&lt;/ref&gt; The cognitive commons describes not just the place for thinkers (cognizers) to interact, but also how their interactions online, combined with online tools such as search engines, allow that community to accomplish greater cognitive goals, much like a larger, distributed expert sports team, performing better than the sum of its expertise.

===References===

{{reflist}}

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>4zz7yoxfdchuvbzygytkgnt3s0a214a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Professionalism/British American Tobacco and the Promotion of Smoking</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>371138</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679079</id>
      <parentid>3116628</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T20:58:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679079</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16059" sha1="i142vfb5vhl3femi1mu7z3m30znah5a" xml:space="preserve">British American Tobacco (BAT) has been one of the front runners in cigarette sales since the inception of the United States tobacco market in the early 20th century.  This multi-billion dollar industry has been subject of much criticism over the years due to the health risks associated with smoking cigarettes, such as increased cancer, coronary heart disease, stroke, and birth defect rates.  BAT and other industry leaders have made some questionable ethical choices in their promotion of cigarettes.  Throughout the industries history, many of the policies and regulations regarding cigarette sales have been influenced by BAT.

== History of the Tobacco Industry ==
The use of tobacco products in the United States has been around since the 16th and 17th centuries.  Native Americans engaged in tobacco consumption during ceremonies, prayers, and rituals. Tobacco was also used for medical treatment for a variety of ailments including asthma, skin diseases, convulsions, and fevers &lt;ref name=&quot;emory&quot;&gt; Emory University (2013) &quot;The Evolution of Tobacco Control.&quot; Tobacco 101. Tobacco Technical Assistance Consortium. http://www.ttac.org/services/Tobacco_101/mod1lesson1.html# &lt;/ref&gt;

=== The Rise and Fall of US Sales ===
It wasn't until the 1900's that the US cigarette and tobacco industries experienced a rapid growth in popularity.  The yearly consumption of cigarettes per capita in the US can be seen [http://static3.businessinsider.com/image/540e17e4ecad04a43fd419cb-991-800/screen%20shot%202014-09-08%20at%204.40.18%20pm.png here].  The sale trends from 1900-present can be broken down into three distinct periods.
==== [1917 - 1945] The Industry Boom ====
[[File:Tempted 21.jpg|thumb|&quot;Reach for a Lucky&quot; ad, 1930]]The ~2500% increase in cigarette sales during this period can be attributed to a few key factors, giving birth to the cigarette age in America.  The first factor was the USA's involvement in both World War I and II.  Both soldiers, and housewives alike were targeted by the cigarette industry.  Tobacco companies such as BAT marketed their brands towards the female population at home, advertising their new cigarettes with slogans like &quot;Mild as May&quot; to attract females wanting a less harsh smoke.  Between 1925-1935, the number of teenage female smokers in the US increased by upwards of 300%.  During this time, cigarettes also became a staple item included in the G.I. military C-Rations, and millions of free cigarettes were sent overseas, supplying the industry with a steady stream of loyal customers as the troops returned home &lt;ref name=&quot;randall&quot;&gt; Randall, Vernellia R. &quot;The History of Tobacco.&quot; The History of Tobacco. Boston University Medical Center, 31 Aug. 1999. Web. 08 May 2016. &lt;http://academic.udayton.edu/health/syllabi/tobacco/history.htm#combo&gt;. &lt;/ref&gt;

==== [1950 - 1980] Sales Stagnation ====
Studies linking cigarette smoking and cancer rates became more and more prevalent during this time, starting with the &quot;Cancer by the Carton&quot; which appeared in ''Reader's Digest'' in December of 1952 &lt;ref name=norr&gt;Norr, Roy. (1952, December) &quot;Cancer by the carton&quot;. Reader's Digest. https://industrydocuments.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=qfpn0146&lt;/ref&gt; Other studies such as the &quot;Smoking and Health&quot;&lt;ref name=surgeon&gt; US, Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health (1964) Smoking and Health. https://profiles.nlm.nih.gov/NN/B/B/M/Q/&lt;/ref&gt; , published in 1964 by the Surgeon General, helped increase awareness even further of the prevalent health diseases that may be associated with smoking.  These early documents didn't have a huge affect in reducing the cigarette consumption rates in the US, but were the stepping stones for changes in Tobacco control legislation and restrictions.  In 1967, the Fairness Doctrine was deemed applicable to the cigarette industry by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).  This ruling required equal broadcasting time for anti-smoking campaigns, which lead to a surge in awareness about the risks of cigarettes via radio and TV ads &lt;ref name=&quot;emory&quot;/&gt;.

==== [1980 - Present] The Decline in Smoking ====
In 1985, lung cancer becomes the #1 killer of women in the United States, even surpassing the mortality rate of women's breast cancer.  Rattled with a steady stream of lawsuits and the US general public's disapproval of cigarettes, Tobacco companies such as BAT experience a drastic decrease in cigarette sales.  Due to this bleeding of profits in the US, Tobacco industry leaders like BAT shift their marketing towards countries that lack government regulations and supervision.  Recently, there has been an upsurge in aggressive marketing campaigns towards the developing world, primarily in areas like Africa and Asia &lt;ref name=&quot;randall&quot;/&gt;.

== Tobacco Industry Research Committee ==
By late 1953 various publications claimed an establishing relationship between smoking and health problems such as lung cancer. The tobacco industry and its leaders needed to to join together to combat these growing concerns and thus they formed the Tobacco Industry Research Committee&lt;ref name=&quot;TIRC&quot;&gt;Topics Index (2002). A Brief History of the Council for Tobacco Research - USA, Inc. (CTR) Originally Tobacco Industry Research Committee. https://industrydocuments.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/xzcj0007&lt;/ref&gt; (TIRC) in December of 1953. 
===A Frank Statement===
The first course of action of the TIRC was to the release '''A Frank Statement to Cigarette Smokers'''. On January 4, 1954 a full-page promotion in more than 400 newspaper with an estimated reach of over 43 million Americans went out across the country. It was the industries first campaign strategy to dispute growing reports that claimed smoking cigarettes could cause lung cancer or other serious health defects&lt;ref name=&quot;frank&quot;&gt;Tobacco Industry Research Committee (1954). A Frank Statement to Cigarette Smokers. http://archive.tobacco.org/History/540104frank.html&lt;/ref&gt;. 
==== Claims ====
The advertisement claimed:

#That medical research of recent years indicates many possible causes of lung cancer.
#That there is no agreement among the authorities regarding what the cause is.
#That there is no proof that cigarette smoking is one of the causes.
#That statistics purporting to link cigarette smoking with the disease could apply with equal force to any one of many other aspects of modern life. Indeed the validity of the statistics themselves is questioned by numerous scientists.

===''A Scientific Perspective...''===
Part of TIRC's next steps to further the controversy whether smoking cigarettes has detrimental effects on health was to collaborate an 18-page brochure to challenge current claims, ''A Scientific Perspective on the Cigarette Controversy''. The industry-sponsored group cherry-picked scientific studies that denied evidence of smoking and its potential to cause health problems and employed other techniques to stir confusion among the public. This booklet had 205,000 copies printed. It was sent to 176,800 doctors, members of congress, and 15,000 members of the press.&lt;ref name=&quot;SciencePerspective&gt;Glantz, S., Slade, J., Bero, L., Hanauer, P., &amp; Barnes, D. (1996) The Cigarette Papers. Berkeley:  University of California Press.. http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/ft8489p25j/&lt;/ref&gt;

====Key Points====
*'''The evidence is still inconclusive.''' &quot;A Scientific Perspective&quot; quoted a British scientist who said that &quot;many correlations of a comparable nature ... have in the end proved false. ... Let us be sure of our evidence before we scare the public.&quot;
*'''Something other than smoking may be responsible.''' Doctors were quoted who speculated that the rise in lung cancer might be due to &quot;air pollution,&quot; &quot;vehicle exhaust fumes,&quot; &quot;the increased aging of the population&quot; and &quot;improved diagnosis.&quot; One doctor speculated that &quot;infectious diseases&quot; might be responsible for lung cancer; another speculated that lung cancer might be increasing because of fewer infectious diseases: &quot;The widespread use of antibiotics has resulted in fewer hospital admissions and fewer deaths from infectious diseases, and proportionately, more from malignancy.&quot;
*'''Statistical evidence can't be trusted.''' &quot;This whole question of cause and effect deducted on a statistical basis is subject to the greatest fallacies,&quot; argued Chicago cancer surgeon Max Cutler. &quot;One way I like to emphasize it is to say that simply because one finds bullfrogs after a rain does not mean that it rained bullfrogs.&quot;
*'''It's all a scare campaign.''' &quot;Is it wise to scare the public and create widespread anxiety among millions of people on the flimsy evidence that has been presented?&quot; Cutler asked. Another authority complained, &quot;the moment the word cancer is mentioned to the public ... emotion is aroused and any calm objective view of the value of evidence presented becomes most difficult. It is important that the medical profession ... not make matters worse by merely joining in a cry and increasing the alarm.&quot; Another doctor decried &quot;the loose, unscientific and irresponsible statements that are continuously appearing in newspapers and magazines.&quot;
*'''The issue is too complicated, even for scientists.''' &quot;If smoke in the lungs were a sure-fire cause of cancer, we'd all have it by now. The cause is much more complicated than that,&quot; said Clarence Cook Little.
*'''Nit-picking at irrelevant details.''' One scientist complained about &quot;the failure to separate data referable to these tumors in the white and Negro patient.&quot;
*'''More research is necessary.''' &quot;A great deal more research must be done before one can establish the etiology of lung cancer or, as a matter of fact, all cancer,&quot; said New York doctor Milton Rosenblatt.
*'''Tests on animals don't apply to humans.''' &quot;Pathologically lung cancer in mice resembles only remotely bronchogenic carcinoma in the human,&quot; Robenblatt said. &quot;A Scientific Perspective&quot; also quoted Dr. Jonathan Hartwell of the National Cancer Institute, who objected to &quot;the attempt to carry over, without reservation, to man, conclusions based on animal experiments.&quot; Hartwell went so far as to say it would be &quot;dangerous&quot; to rely on animal tests as a guide to human carcinogenicity.&lt;ref&gt;SourceWatch (2009). Council for Tobacco Research. http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php/Council_for_Tobacco_Research&lt;/ref&gt;

== Agnotology ==
[[File:Robert N. Proctor at HSS 2009.jpg|thumb|Robert N. Proctor at History of Science Society 2009]]
'''Agnotology''' is the study of willful acts to spread confusion and deceit, usually to sell a product or win favor. The neologism was coined by Robert Proctor, a professor of the history of science and technology at Stanford University&lt;ref&gt;Arenson, Karen (2006). What Organizations Don’t Want to Know Can Hurt. http://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/22/business/22mistakes.html?ex=1313899200&amp;en=e687ef6c5786717f&amp;ei=5088&amp;partner=rssnyt&amp;emc=rss&amp;_r=0&lt;/ref&gt;. His pursuit to study the deceitful tactics of businesses and industry stem from a released memo from the tobacco industry which revealed how cigarettes are marketed to the public: 
&lt;blockquote&gt;“Doubt is our product since it is the best means of competing with the ‘body of fact’ that exists in the mind of the general public. It is also the means of establishing a controversy.”&lt;ref&gt;Kenyon, Georgina (2016). The Man who studies the spread of ignorance. http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20160105-the-man-who-studies-the-spread-of-ignorance&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
His research first began with the tobacco industry, but it by no means ends there. Agnotology is a dangerous tool used by politicians and others in effort to control the thoughts of the public.

== Harm Reduction ==

After decades of denying the health risks of smoking, BAT has begun to operate under a policy of harm reduction. From their website&lt;ref&gt;British American Tobacco - Harm Reduction http://www.bat.com/harmreduction&lt;/ref&gt; : 

&lt;blockquote&gt;“We know tobacco products pose real and serious health risks and the only way to avoid these risks is not to use them. But many adults choose to smoke, so we are committed to researching, developing and commercializing less risky alternatives to regular cigarettes. And our ambition is to lead the Next Generation Products category worldwide.”&lt;/blockquote&gt;
Among these next generation products are E-cigarettes. BAT cites a study that says: “E-cigarettes are around 95% less harmful than tobacco estimates landmark review.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;British American Tobacco - Harm Reduction http://www.bat.com/harmreduction&lt;/ref&gt;

== &quot;Taking Advantage of Africa&quot; ==
BAT's involvement in Africa has been controversial. Realizing that that the demand for tobacco has been in steady decline in the West, it has been argued that BAT has been attempting to export the vice over to countries that aren't as aware of its potential problems and health risks.   In 1990, BAT Chairman Barry Bramley spoke about the growing market in Africa and the need to take advantage of it:

&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;As you can see, the North American market is expected to continue to decline at a faster rate than elsewhere. Latin America is volatile, but further growth is projected over the next five years.  Europe and the Fart East (excluding Kreteks) are expected to decline slowly.   Following a big decline in India due to changes in excise levels, the sub-continent is now growing and further growth is anticipated. Africa is also projected to continue growing.... BAT is strongly placed to take advantage of the growth in these markets.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;Talk to TMDP - Chelwood - August 1990, https://industrydocuments.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=lgfw0200&lt;/ref&gt; &lt;/blockquote&gt;

In a 1990 article entitled &quot;Africa: Ashtray of the World&quot;  the Sunday Times featured a story of Francis Kabui, who  &quot;started smoking because everyone in the adverts wore shoes.  Today he is dying of cancer. BAT showed him the advert but didn’t warn him that smoking could harm his health &lt;ref name=&quot;Africa&quot;&gt;Africa Ashtray of the World, The Sunday Times, https://industrydocuments.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco/docs/#id=lmvc0110&lt;/ref&gt;.&quot;

BAT has also been accused of acting on two separate standards, one for the west, where people know the health risks of smoking, and one for the third world. &lt;ref name=&quot;Africa&quot;/&gt;

== Conclusion ==
Many of the ethical obstacles that BAT faced can be generalized to other industries.  Cigarettes are not the only addictive and abusable substance being offered to the general public.  For example, the fast food industry doesn't put warning labels on their &quot;happy meals&quot; showing side effects of overeating, such as heart failure, type two diabetes, and coronary artery disease, and yet these are all linked to obesity rates.  Two main ethical questions can be extracted from the BAT case study are as follows:

*'''1. Can companies ethically justify the intentional misleading and confusion created by PR campaigns?'''

*'''2. Can a company place profits over public health when growth of a product is dependent on the health and well-being of their consumers?'''

While there will be much debate over where along the spectrum of answers to these questions is correct, it's important to consider the possibilities and the effects they have on the general public as well as the minorities.  To a person educated on the subject, the answers might seem trivial, but less than 100 years ago that cigarettes were considered benign.  Future discoveries might pull the carpet out from under us on other such products considered harmless today, much like it did to the average American citizen around 1964.  Those without the same education programs must also be protected from companies trying to profit off their ignorance.  With the onset of the technological age, information is becoming more and more readily available to all, and so exploration becomes harder and harder.  BAT might have made some un-ethical choices during their peak of sales, but the lessons learned from their mistakes will help prevent future epidemics, such as the cigarette age, from occurring again.
== References ==

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>i142vfb5vhl3femi1mu7z3m30znah5a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Advanced Inorganic Chemistry/Dative ligands: CO and phosphines</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>407920</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679083</id>
      <parentid>4374189</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:01:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679083</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10496" sha1="h0gqi6pq00bu5wbqco5wjklmegw7doc" xml:space="preserve">{{Nav}}

== '''Dative Ligands: CO and Phosphines''': == 

Dative ligands represent a class of compounds that form dative covalent bonds, otherwise known as coordinate bonds, in which both electrons come from the same atom. In the case of transition metals, a dative ligand can form a coordinate bond with a transition metal. The dative ligand can form a sigma bond (σ) with the metal center and can donate both of its electrons to the metal, contributing to a transition metal complex. For transition metals, a dative ligand will always first form a sigma bond with the metal center. The pi* (π*) antibonding orbitals of the dative ligand, if energetically available, can also interact with the filled d orbitals of the transition metal. This interaction is known as pi backbonding and results in the transfer of 2 electrons from the d orbital of the metal to the pi* antibonding orbital, thus relieving negative charge from the metal center.  This represents a transfer of electrons from an atomic orbital (d orbital of the transition metal) to a molecular orbital (pi* antibonding orbital). The d orbital and the pi* orbital have the requisite symmetry with one another to facilitate this process. 

== CO Ligands: ==

=== Backbonding and IR Absorption ===
CO ligands are carbon monoxide ligands that participate readily in transition metal complexes via coordinate bonds with a transition metal center. CO ligands are neutral 2 electron donors and first form a sigma bond with a metal center. As discussed above, the d orbitals of the transition metal are symmetric about the pi* orbitals of the CO compound and backbonding occurs between the metal and the CO. This process is illustrated in Figure 1. Pi backdonation is supported by IR (infrared spectroscopy) data of various metal-carbonyl complexes. Using group theory, one can consider the consequences of backbonding and the affects this would have on the IR absorption of a carbonyl-containing compound. Pi backbonding donates electrons from the transition metal center to the pi* antibonding orbital of CO, the LUMO of this ligand (Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital). This in turn lowers the bond order between the carbon and oxygen, weakening their interaction. This would cause one to suspect that metal carbonyl complexes would absorb light of a lower frequency upon excitation by infrared radiation. This is consistent with experimental data, with few exceptions, for several metal carbonyl complexes when compared to the IR absorption of free carbonyls. This is depicted in Figure 2. 
[[File:Synergic.jpg|alt=|thumb|344x344px|Figure 1: Sigma Donation and Pi Backbonding]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Figure 2: IR Absorption Frequencies for Metal Cabonyls
!Compound
!ν&lt;sub&gt;CO&lt;/sub&gt; (cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;)
|-
!CO
!2143
|-
!V(CO)&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1-&lt;/sup&gt;
!1859
|-
!Cr(CO)&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;
!2000
|-
!Mn(CO)&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;
!2100
|-
|Fe(CO)&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;
|2204
|-
|Fe(CO)&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;
|2022, 2000
|-
|Ru(CO)&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;
|2038, 2022
|}

=== X Ray Crystallography ===
Homoleptic carbonyl complexes typically form octahedral complexes and the normal modes of vibration transform as a&lt;sub&gt;1g&lt;/sub&gt;, e&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;/sub&gt;, t&lt;sub&gt;1u&lt;/sub&gt;. The character table of the octahedral complex, however, predicts that only the t&lt;sub&gt;1u&lt;/sub&gt; set will be IR active. In this case, the e&lt;sub&gt;g&lt;/sub&gt; set will be active in 
[[File:Metallcarbonyls.png|thumb|183x183px|Figure 3: IR Absorption for Metal Carbonyl Complexes]]
Raman spectroscopy. For metal-carbonyl complexes with substituted ligands, the IR absorptions become more numerous due to the lower symmetry of the each complex. A schematic of this is illustrated in Figure 3. Although IR characterization is a powerful tool to confirm the properties of metal-carbonyl complexes, X-Ray crystallography is another useful method of confirming the existence of pi backbonding. X-ray crystallography can be utilized to confirm the presence of a backbonded metal carbon complex. If a carbon is backbonded to a metal complex then the covalent bond between the two atoms will be stronger and this should indicate a smaller bond distance. X-ray crystallography is capable of determining this bond distance by sending X-rays through the material and measuring the diffraction pattern that is produced to measure the bond distance within a crystal structure. 

=== Fluxional Carbonyls ===
Fluxional carbonyls arise from the ability of carbonyl groups within a transition metal complex to move from one metal to another via bridging. This is easily accomplished due to the fact that the ground state energy for a terminal carbonyl group is similar to that of a bridging carbonyl, allowing carbonyls to interchange between metal centers. This typically occurs within first row transition metal complexes and the presence of fluxional complexes can be confirmed in disubstituted metal carbonyl complexes by way of cis-trans isomers. NMR spectroscopy can then be used to determine the conditions upon which all isomers can be converted to either a cis or trans configuration based on the peaks in the 13C NMR spectrum of the molecule. If the trans configuration produces chemically distinct environments for two carbonyls then this will be demonstrated in the NMR spectrum, and the reverse case is true for the cis configuration in which carbons in chemically equivalent environments will express only one peak. 

== Phosphine Ligands: ==

=== Phosphine Backbonding ===
[[File:Connelly-Orpen-PR3-pi-acceptor-orbitals.png|thumb|Figure 4: Pi Backbonding of Phosphine Ligands]]
PR3 ligands are phosphine ligands that behave quite similarly to carbon monoxide ligands when interacting with a transition metal center. Phosphine ligands are also neutral and also contribu te to 2 electrons to the transition metal center. Similar to CO ligands, PR3 ligands first donate a sigma bond to the transition metal center, and then the d orbitals of the metal pi backbond with the phosphine and donate 2 electrons to the sigma* antibonding orbital. A schematic of this is shown in figure 4. Although a phosphine ligand has the potential to have large steric groups that impede the formation of transition metal complexes or decrease the bond enthalpy of these coordination bonds, the charged nature of some groups attached to the phosphorus can have significant impacts on the stability of the structure. The electronegativity of the groups attached to the phosphine play a huge role in the stability of the transition metal complex. Strongly electronegative groups on the phosphorus atom can drastically lower the energy of the sigma* orbital, thereby making the phosphine a significantly better pi-acceptor (more accessible energy level for donation by the metal). In descending sigma* antibonding orbital energy, the following is obtained:

'''P-C &gt; P-N &gt; P-O &gt; P-F'''


=== Phosphine Bonding and IR Absorption ===
While electronegativity of the groups attached to the phosphorus are important in the stability of the transition metal complex, several other factors can influence this stability. Namely, steric hinderance can play enormous role in the ability of a phosphine group to coordinate with a transition metal center. The following is a comparison for several phosphine complexes in descending order from the ligand with the most pi-acceptor character.

'''PF3~CO &gt; PCL3 &gt; P(OMe)3 &gt; PPh3 &gt; Py''' 

This demonstrates that the more electronegative phosphine groups have higher stability as a result of having greater pi-acceptor character (reduction in energy of sigma* antibonding orbital). They are also smaller allowing them to interact more closely with the metal center as opposed to phosphine with phenyl groups attached. Additionally, these groups, as a consequence of their higher stability, will absorb higher frequencies of IR radiation. 

=== Cone Angle and Percent Buried Volume ===
[[File:Steradian cone and cap.svg|thumb|Figure 5: Cone Angle]]
In order to quantify the affects of steric hinderance, cone angle is often used as a metric to define how readily a phosphine ligand or any ligand will dissociate from a transition metal center. For example, a phosphine ligand such as triphenylphosphine will most likely have a larger cone angle than PF3 and will most likely dissociate much more easily than PF3 due to the large size of the three phenyl groups attached to the phosphorus. The cone angle is a rough measure of this property but can be highly inaccurate. This is because a smaller ligand can coordinate more closely to a metal center, thereby exaggerating the size of its relative cone angle. The opposite case is true in that a larger ligand will coordinate further from the metal center, which could underestimate the relative cone angle of this molecule. Therefore, it can be more useful to instead utilize a parameter known as percent buried volume, which is defined as the percent volume occupied by a ligand within a sphere. This is an arbitrary sphere with a defined radius and contains the transition metal at its center. This method is a more useful characterization tool because it does away with the cone angle and considers the spatial volume occupied by the ligand in all dimensions. Inconsistencies between cone angle predictions of dissociation and percent buried volume predictions of dissociation have been documented.   
 
== References ==
&lt;ref&gt;''Organometallic HyperTextBook: Ligand Cone Angles'', www.ilpi.com/organomet/coneangle.html.&lt;/ref&gt;''Organometallic HyperTextBook: Ligand Cone Angles'', www.ilpi.com/organomet/coneangle.html.

&lt;ref&gt;''Symmetry'', www.chemedx.org/JCEDLib/QBank/collection/ConcepTests/inorsym.html.&lt;/ref&gt;''Symmetry'', www.chemedx.org/JCEDLib/QBank/collection/ConcepTests/inorsym.html.

&lt;ref&gt;Libretexts. “Carbon Monoxide and Backbonding.” Chemistry LibreTexts, Libretexts, 5 June 2019, chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Johns_Hopkins_University/030.356_Advanced_Inorganic_Laboratory/Lab_BCD:_Four_Coordinate_Nickel_Complexes:_Ligand_Effects_and_Organometallic_Catalysis/3_Carbon_Monoxide.&lt;/ref&gt;Libretexts. “Carbon Monoxide and Backbonding.” Chemistry LibreTexts, Libretexts, 5 June 2019, chem.libretexts.org/Courses/Johns_Hopkins_University/030.356_Advanced_Inorganic_Laboratory/Lab_BCD:_Four_Coordinate_Nickel_Complexes:_Ligand_Effects_and_Organometallic_Catalysis/3_Carbon_Monoxide.


&lt;ref&gt;“X-Ray Diffraction.” ''Rigaku'', www.rigaku.com/en/techniques/xrd.&lt;/ref&gt;“X-Ray Diffraction.” ''Rigaku'', www.rigaku.com/en/techniques/xrd.
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>h0gqi6pq00bu5wbqco5wjklmegw7doc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>OpenSCAD Tutorial/Chapter 5</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>410752</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679087</id>
      <parentid>4656721</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:06:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679087</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29807" sha1="en2qcwgqfgn76nm5539mxepktewk0lb" xml:space="preserve">{{Nav}}

== Creating and utilizing modules as separate scripts ==

In the previous chapter you learned one of the most powerful features of OpenSCAD, the module, and how it can be used for parametric design. You also had the chance to separate the car into different modules and then recombine them to create a different type of vehicle. Using modules can also be  seen as a way to organize your creations and to build your own library of objects. The wheel module could potentially be used in a plethora of designs, so it would be great to have it easily available whenever desired without having to redefine it inside the script of your current design. To do so you need to define and save the wheel module as a separate script.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Define the following simple_wheel module in a separate script file. In the same script make a call to the simple_wheel module so that you visually see what object this module creates. Save the script file as a scad file named simple_wheel.scad.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''simple_wheel.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
$fa = 1;
$fs = 0.4;
module simple_wheel(wheel_radius=10, wheel_width=6) {
    rotate([90,0,0])
        cylinder(h=wheel_width,r=wheel_radius,center=true);
}
simple_wheel();&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Simple wheel.jpg|680px]]

Now it’s time to utilize this saved module in another design. First you need to create a new design.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Create a new script with the following car design. Give the script any name you like but save the script in the same working directory as the simple_wheel module.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''car_with_simple_wheels.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
$fa = 1;
$fs = 0.4;
wheel_radius = 8; 
base_height = 10; 
top_height = 10; 
track = 30; 
// Car body base 
cube([60,20,base_height],center=true); 
// Car body top 
translate([5,0,base_height/2+top_height/2 - 0.001])
    cube([30,20,top_height],center=true); 
// Front left wheel 
translate([-20,-track/2,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=3,r=wheel_radius,center=true); 
// Front right wheel 
translate([-20,track/2,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=3,r=wheel_radius,center=true); 
// Rear left wheel 
translate([20,-track/2,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=3,r=wheel_radius,center=true); 
// Rear right wheel 
translate([20,track/2,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=3,r=wheel_radius,center=true); 
// Front axle 
translate([-20,0,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=track,r=2,center=true); 
// Rear axle 
translate([20,0,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=track,r=2,center=true);&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Car with simple wheels.jpg|680px]]

There are two ways in which the simple_wheel.scad script can be utilized in your car design. It can be either included or used. To include the script, you have to add the following statement at the top of car’s script.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
    &lt;pre&gt;
include &lt;simple_wheel.scad&gt;&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Car with extra wheel from included module.jpg|680px]]

You should notice that something unexpected happened. A wheel has been created at the origin. This is the object of the simple_wheel script. When you use include, OpenSCAD treats the whole external script that you are including as if it was a part of your current script. In the simple_wheel.scad script, aside from the simple_wheel module definition, there is also a call to the simple_wheel module which creates a wheel object. As a result of using the include command this object is also created in the car’s model. This is something that you are going to change by using the use instead of the include command, but don’t bother about it for a moment.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;The car’s wheels are currently created with the cylinder command. Since the simple_wheel.scad script has been included in the car’s script, the simple_wheel module should be available. Replace the cylinder commands with calls to the simple_wheel module. Do any rotate commands become unnecessary? The calls to the simple_wheel module shall not contain any definition of parameters.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''car_with_wheels_created_by_included_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
include &lt;simple_wheel.scad&gt;
$fa = 1;
$fs = 0.4;
wheel_radius = 8; 
base_height = 10; 
top_height = 10; 
track = 30; 
// Car body base 
cube([60,20,base_height],center=true); 
// Car body top 
translate([5,0,base_height/2+top_height/2 - 0.001])
    cube([30,20,top_height],center=true); 
// Front left wheel 
translate([-20,-track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(); 
// Front right wheel 
translate([-20,track/2,0])
    simple_wheel();  
// Rear left wheel 
translate([20,-track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(); 
// Rear right wheel 
translate([20,track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(); 
// Front axle 
translate([-20,0,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=track,r=2,center=true); 
// Rear axle 
translate([20,0,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=track,r=2,center=true);&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Car with wheels created by included module.jpg|680px]]

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Define the wheel_radius and wheel_width parameters in the calls to the simple_wheel module. To do so use the existing wheel_radius variable as well as a wheel_width variable that you are going to define. Set the variables equal to values that you like.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''car_with_narrower_wheels_created_by_included_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
include &lt;simple_wheel.scad&gt;
$fa = 1;
$fs = 0.4;
wheel_radius = 8;
wheel_width = 4;
base_height = 10; 
top_height = 10; 
track = 30; 
// Car body base 
cube([60,20,base_height],center=true); 
// Car body top 
translate([5,0,base_height/2+top_height/2 - 0.001])
    cube([30,20,top_height],center=true); 
// Front left wheel 
translate([-20,-track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width); 
// Front right wheel 
translate([-20,track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width);  
// Rear left wheel 
translate([20,-track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width); 
// Rear right wheel 
translate([20,track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width); 
// Front axle 
translate([-20,0,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=track,r=2,center=true); 
// Rear axle 
translate([20,0,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=track,r=2,center=true);&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Car with narrower wheels created by included module.jpg|680px]]

From the above examples you should keep in mind that when you include an external script in your current script, the modules of the external script become available in your current script, but additionally any objects that were created in the external script are also created in the current one. Since the wheel at the origin is not desired in this case, it’s time to use the use command instead of the include.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Replace the include command of the last example with a use command.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''car_with_wheels_created_by_used_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
…
use &lt;simple_wheel.scad&gt;
…&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Car with wheels created by used module.jpg|680px]]

You should notice that a wheel is no longer created at the origin. You should keep in mind that the use command works like the include command with the only difference being that the use command doesn’t create any objects, but rather just makes the modules of the external script available in the current script.

== Using a script with multiple modules ==

In the previous example, the simple_wheel.scad script had only one module. The simple_wheel module. This doesn’t have to always be the case.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Add the following module in the simple_wheel.scad script. Rename the simple_wheel.scad script to wheels.scad.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
    &lt;pre&gt;
module complex_wheel(wheel_radius=10, side_spheres_radius=50, hub_thickness=4, cylinder_radius=2) {
    cylinder_height=2*wheel_radius; 
    difference() { 
        // Wheel sphere
        sphere(r=wheel_radius); 
        // Side sphere 1 
        translate([0,side_spheres_radius + hub_thickness/2,0])
            sphere(r=side_spheres_radius); 
        // Side sphere 2 
        translate([0,- (side_spheres_radius + hub_thickness/2),0])
            sphere(r=side_spheres_radius); 
        // Cylinder 1
        translate([wheel_radius/2,0,0])
            rotate([90,0,0])
            cylinder(h=cylinder_height,r=cylinder_radius,center=true); 
        // Cylinder 2 
        translate([0,0,wheel_radius/2])
            rotate([90,0,0])
            cylinder(h=cylinder_height,r=cylinder_radius,center=true); 
        // Cylinder 3 
        translate([-wheel_radius/2,0,0])
            rotate([90,0,0])
            cylinder(h=cylinder_height,r=cylinder_radius,center=true); 
        // Cylinder 4 
        translate([0,0,-wheel_radius/2])
            rotate([90,0,0])
            cylinder(h=cylinder_height,r=cylinder_radius,center=true); 
    }
}&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Use the wheels.scad script in your car script. Use the simple_wheel module to create the front wheels and the complex_wheel module to create the rear wheels.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''car_with_different_wheels_from_used_modules.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
use &lt;wheels.scad&gt;
wheel_radius = 8;
wheel_width = 4;
base_height = 10; 
top_height = 10; 
track = 30; 
// Car body base 
cube([60,20,base_height],center=true); 
// Car body top 
translate([5,0,base_height/2+top_height/2 - 0.001])
    cube([30,20,top_height],center=true); 
// Front left wheel 
translate([-20,-track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width); 
// Front right wheel 
translate([-20,track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width);  
// Rear left wheel 
translate([20,-track/2,0])
    complex_wheel(); 
// Rear right wheel 
translate([20,track/2,0])
    complex_wheel(); 
// Front axle 
translate([-20,0,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=track,r=2,center=true); 
// Rear axle 
translate([20,0,0])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(h=track,r=2,center=true);&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Car with different wheels from used modules.jpg|680px]]

With this example it should be clear that the name of the script doesn’t have to be the same as the name of the module as well as that a script can contain multiple modules. There is no right or wrong way on how you should go about organizing your library of modules. In the last example a wheels.scad script which defines the different wheel modules was used. Alternatively you could have saved each module as a separate *.scad script.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Create a vehicle_parts.scad script. Inside this script define a simple_wheel, complex_wheel, body and axle module. Use this script in another script named vehicle_concept to make the corresponding modules available. Use the modules to create a vehicle concept that looks similar to the following.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Car with ten wheels.jpg|680px]]

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''car_with_ten_wheels.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
use &lt;vehicle_parts.scad&gt;
$fa = 1;
$fs = 0.4;
wheel_radius = 8;
wheel_width = 4;
base_length = 60;
top_length = 80;
track = 30;
wheelbase_1 = 38;
wheelbase_2 = 72;
z_offset = 10;
body(base_length=base_length, top_length=top_length, top_offset=0); 
// Front left wheel 
translate([-wheelbase_2/2,-track/2,z_offset])
    complex_wheel();  
// Front right wheel 
translate([-wheelbase_2/2,track/2,z_offset])
    complex_wheel();   
// Rear left wheel 
translate([wheelbase_2/2,-track/2,z_offset])
    complex_wheel(); 
// Rear right wheel 
translate([wheelbase_2/2,track/2,z_offset])
    complex_wheel(); 
// Front axle 
translate([-wheelbase_2/2,0,z_offset])
    axle(track=track); 
// Rear axle 
translate([wheelbase_2/2,0,z_offset])
    axle(track=track);

// Middle front left wheel 
translate([-wheelbase_1/2,-track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width); 
// Middle front right wheel 
translate([-wheelbase_1/2,track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width); 
// Middle left wheel 
translate([0,-track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width); 
// Middle right wheel 
translate([0,track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width);
// Middle rear left wheel 
translate([wheelbase_1/2,-track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width); 
// Middle rear right wheel 
translate([wheelbase_1/2,track/2,0])
    simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width); 
// Middle front axle 
translate([-wheelbase_1/2,0,0])
    axle(track=track); 
// Middle axle 
translate([0,0,0])
    axle(track=track); 
// Middle rear axle 
translate([wheelbase_1/2,0,0])
    axle(track=track);&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

== Using the MCAD library ==

The MCAD library (https://github.com/openscad/MCAD) is a library of components commonly used in mechanical designs that comes with OpenSCAD. You can utilize objects of the MCAD library by using the corresponding OpenSCAD script and calling the desired modules. For example, there is a boxes.scad script which contains the model of a rounded box. The boxes.scad script contains one module, which can be used to create the corresponding box. You can open this script to check what the parameters of this module are and then use it to add rounded boxes in your design. You can create a fully rounded box with side lengths of 10, 20 and 30 units as well as fillet radius of 3 units using the following script.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''completely_rounded_box.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
use &lt;MCAD/boxes.scad&gt;
$fa=1;
$fs=0.4;
roundedBox(size=[10,20,30],radius=3,sidesonly=false);&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Completely rounded box.jpg|680px]]

By setting the sidesonly parameter equal to true you can create a box of similar dimension that has only 4 rounded sides.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''sides_only_rounded_box.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
use &lt;MCAD/boxes.scad&gt;
$fa=1;
$fs=0.4;
roundedBox(size=[10,20,30],radius=3,sidesonly=true);&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Sides only rounded box.jpg|680px]]

The boxes.scad script is located in the MCAD directory which is under the libraries directory. The latter can be found in OpenSCAD’s installation folder. Should you wish to have any of your own libraries accessible from any directory, you can add it in the libraries directory. You can also browse other available OpenSCAD libraries at https://www.openscad.org/libraries.html. Though, you should be aware that there are a very wide number of libraries available on GitHub and Thingiverse that far exceed those linked at OpenSCAD’s libraries page.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Use the boxes.scad script of the MCAD library to create a fully rounded box with side lengths of 50, 20 and 15 units as well as fillet radius of 5 units.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''horizontal_completely_rounded_box.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
use &lt;MCAD/boxes.scad&gt;
$fa=1;
$fs=0.4;
roundedBox(size=[50,20,15],radius=5,sidesonly=false);&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Horizontal completely rounded box.jpg|680px]]

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Use the boxes.scad script of the MCAD library to create a rounded box with only 4 rounded sides with side lengths of 50, 50 and 15 units as well as fillet radius of 20 units.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''short_sides_only_rounded_box.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
use &lt;MCAD/boxes.scad&gt;
$fa=1;
$fs=0.4;
roundedBox(size=[50,50,15],radius=20,sidesonly=true);&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Short sides only rounded box.jpg|680px]]

== Creating even more parameterizable modules ==

So far, the only input to the modules that have been created was through the module’s input parameters that were defined for each case. The complex_wheel module for example was able to create a plethora of parameterized wheels according to the chosen input parameters such as wheel_radius, hub_thickness etc.

In your vehicle designs you have been using body, wheel and axle modules which when combined can produce various types of vehicles. In all the vehicle designs, two wheels along with an axle have been used together to form a set of wheels. You may have considered the need for an axle_wheelset module to simultaneously define all three objects with a single statement. And you would have been right to consider it! But there is a reason this module hasn’t been created yet, and you are now going to find out why.

Throughout the previous chapters you have created two different wheel designs (simple_wheel and complex_wheel) and a single axle design. You can use your existing knowledge to combine the simple_wheel and axle modules in the following way.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''axle_with_simple_wheelset_from_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
use &lt;vehicle_parts.scad&gt;
$fa = 1;
$fs = 0.4;
module axle_wheelset(wheel_radius=10, wheel_width=6, track=35, radius=2) {
    translate([0,track/2,0])
        simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width);
    axle(track=track, radius=radius);
    translate([0,-track/2,0])
        simple_wheel(wheel_radius=wheel_radius, wheel_width=wheel_width);
}
axle_wheelset();&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Axle with simple wheelset from module.jpg|680px]]

If you simply wanted to only use the above set of simple_wheels, that approach would be just fine. The problem though is that this axle_wheelset module is not really flexible and parameterizable to the desired degree. On one hand you can customize all input parameters, but on the other hand, could you swap the simple_wheel design with the complex one? The fact is that with the above approach in order to do so you would have to define a completely new module.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''axle_with_complex_wheelset_from_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
use &lt;vehicle_parts.scad&gt;
$fa = 1;
$fs = 0.4;
module axle_wheelset_complex(wheel_radius=10, side_spheres_radius=50, hub_thickness=4, cylinder_radius=2, track=35, radius=2) {
    translate([0,track/2,0])
        complex_wheel(wheel_radius=10, side_spheres_radius=50, hub_thickness=4, cylinder_radius=2);
    axle(track=track, radius=radius);
    translate([0,-track/2,0])
        complex_wheel(wheel_radius=10, side_spheres_radius=50, hub_thickness=4, cylinder_radius=2);
}
axle_wheelset_complex();&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Axle with complex wheelset from module.jpg|680px]]

If you can’t see yet how this is a problem, imagine the case where you had six different wheel designs and two different axle designs in your library. If you wanted to implement the axle_wheelset module you would need to define 12 different modules to cover all combinations of wheel and axle designs. Furthermore, if you were to add a new wheel or axle design in your collection, you would need to define a number of additional axle_wheelset modules which would make maintaining your library very hard.

The good thing is that the two modules above look very similar. If you could keep the structure of the module the same but have the specific choice of wheel design parameterized, then the problem could be solved. Fortunately, OpenSCAD supports this functionality and parameterizing the specific choice of wheel design can be achieved in the following way.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''axle_with_simple_wheelset_from_parameterized_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
use &lt;vehicle_parts.scad&gt;
$fa = 1;
$fs = 0.4;
module axle_wheelset(track=35, radius=2) {
    translate([0,track/2,0])
        children(0);
    axle(track=track, radius=radius);
    translate([0,-track/2,0])
        children(0);
}
axle_wheelset() {
    simple_wheel();
}&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Axle with simple wheelset from parameterized module.jpg|680px]]

The wheel design can now be effortlessly changed, making this module a truly parametric one.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''axle_with_complex_wheelset_from_parameterized_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
axle_wheelset() {
    complex_wheel();
}&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Axle with complex wheelset from parameterized module.jpg|680px]]

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''axle_with_large_complex_wheelset_from_parameterized_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
axle_wheelset(radius=5) {
    complex_wheel(wheel_radius=20);
}&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Axle with large complex wheelset from parameterized module.jpg|680px]]

There is a very important concept that you should grasp here. The first thing you should notice is the definition of this new module. This new module is similar to the previous ones with the difference that the command children(0) is used in place of a call to a specific wheel module. The second thing you should notice is the call to the axle_wheelset module. The call to the axle_wheelset module contains a pair of curly brackets inside of which the specific wheel design to be used by module is defined each time. OpenSCAD keeps an ordered list of the objects that have been defined inside the curly brackets and numbers them starting from zero. These objects can then be referenced by the children command. The number that is passed inside the children command corresponds to the first, second, third etc. object that was defined inside the curly brackets, counting from zero. In the above example, only one object is defined inside the curly brackets. That is either a simple_wheel or a complex wheel object. This object is created every time the children(0) command is used. The children command is in essence a way to pass objects as input to a module.

The next examples can help make this concept more concrete. In the previous example there is no way to use the axle_wheelset module and end up creating an axle that has different wheels on each side. This would not happen even if you passed/defined two different objects inside the curly brackets when calling the axle_wheelset module, because only the first one, children(0), is referenced for both sides of the axle.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''axle_with_same_wheels_from_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
axle_wheelset() {
    complex_wheel();
    simple_wheel();
}&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Axle with same wheels from module.jpg|680px]]

In order to create an axle with different wheels on each side, the definition of the axle_wheelset module would need to be modified. Instead of referencing the first object, children(0), for both sides, the axle_wheelset module would need to reference the first object, children(0), for one side and the second object, children(1), for the second side.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
    &lt;pre&gt;
module axle_wheelset(track=35, radius=2) {
    translate([0,track/2,0])
        children(0);
    axle(track=track, radius=radius);
    translate([0,-track/2,0])
        children(1);
}&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

By defining two different wheel objects inside the curly brackets, the following model would be created.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid Gold;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: Gold;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''axle_with_different_wheels_from_parameterized_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
axle_wheelset() {
    complex_wheel();
    simple_wheel();
}&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Axle with different wheels from parameterized module.jpg|680px]]

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Try swapping the order in which the wheels are defined inside the curly brackets when calling the axle_wheelset module. What happens?&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''axle_with_flipped_different_wheels_from_parameterized_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
axle_wheelset() {
    simple_wheel();
    complex_wheel();
}&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Axle with flipped different wheels from parameterized module.jpg|680px]]

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Try defining only one wheel inside the curly brackets? Do you get an error message?&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: MediumSeaGreen;&quot;&gt;Code&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;
''axle_with_missing_wheel_from_parameterized_module.scad''
    &lt;pre&gt;
axle_wheelset() {
    simple_wheel();
}&lt;/pre&gt;
  &lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

[[File:Axle with missing wheel from parameterized module.jpg|680px]]

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Add an axle_wheel module on the vehicle_parts.scad script. Make use of the children command to parameterize the specific choice of wheel design. Use the vehicle_parts.scad script on another script to create any vehicle design that you like.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

== Challenge ==

The material you have been learning in the last two chapters gives you a powerful set of tools to start creating your own library of objects that can be flexibly combined and customized to create new designs.

&lt;table class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;border: 2px solid DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;
&lt;caption style=&quot;text-align: left; color: DodgerBlue;&quot;&gt;Exercise&lt;/caption&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;
  &lt;td&gt;Think of any model that you would like to create. Break it down into different parts. Come up with alternative designs for each part and define modules that create them. What should the input parameters of each module be? Define one or more modules using the children functionality in order to flexibly combine the various parts that you have created.&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>en2qcwgqfgn76nm5539mxepktewk0lb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Factual Basis For Vampires</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>415670</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679245</id>
      <parentid>4678495</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:41:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679245</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1405" sha1="itdecnj6ksrftyaiqm8gx7cot41lwd0" xml:space="preserve">== Create Vampires: Factual Basis For Vampires ==
People have offered factual explanations for the &quot;un-dead,&quot; plausible reasons for vampires found mostly in folklore. &lt;br&gt;
Folk-stories were based on people buried alive, &lt;u&gt;''then mistaken''&lt;/u&gt; for un-dead creatures when they clawed and crawled their way from their premature graves. &lt;br&gt;
The appearance of actual people, mistaken for dead, crawling from graves, started warnings that evolved into what we call the vampire stories and folklores that influence our modern popular culture.  &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Premature burial is the most popular explanation for vampire sightings and reports. As early as the eighteenth century, many Physicians knew of catalepsy, a disease in which the affected person appears dead. Occasionally, people suffering from this disease may have been buried before they awakened. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Herbert Mayo argues for this theory in his ''On the Truths Contained in Popular Superstitions'' (1851). Other noted scholars who argued for the plausibility of premature burials as the root of vampire stories include Franz Hartmann, Montague Summers and Anthony Masters. [1]  
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
==== Reference: ====
1. Melton, Gordon J. Phd. The Vampire Book: The Encyclopedia of The Undead [Third Edition], Visible Ink Press, 2014.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Historical Construction|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>itdecnj6ksrftyaiqm8gx7cot41lwd0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Scientific Evidence For Vampires</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>415710</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679250</id>
      <parentid>4669601</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:44:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679250</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1293" sha1="gccum0s0dvjvzxba9wcodejwiekcrmn" xml:space="preserve">== Scientific Evidence For Vampires ==
&lt;br&gt;
Are there people, Scientist, who argue for the actual existence of vampires? &lt;br&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Is there evidence that supports their claims?&lt;/u&gt; &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Online, many readers can access information about '''&lt;u&gt;Porphyria&lt;/u&gt;''', also known as the &quot;vampire disease.&quot; From tales of people living with, and finding treatments for their &quot;vampire disease,&quot; to horrific stories told about actual people who became victims of grave-robbers, people who were exposed to a unknown drug that left them in coma-like states of unconsciousness, stiff and unable to respond to their close relatives. These grave tales generate fear in people, and lingering doubt in the ability of trained Medical professionals who, according to stories, &lt;u&gt;seem to not know how&lt;/u&gt; to properly use a mirror to determine if a person is breathing, and thus alive and unconscious, or is non-breathing, thus dead, having taken their final breath, having met their final hour.


Although Scientific evidence for people with both mental, and physical &quot;vampire-related&quot; diseases accumulated rapidly in the early 1980s, the Scientific classification for particular drugs that cause stiff, deep unconscious states, are less known and currently not popular in the public domain.

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>gccum0s0dvjvzxba9wcodejwiekcrmn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Scientific Evidence Against Vampirism</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>415759</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679253</id>
      <parentid>4677850</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:45:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679253</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4512" sha1="fzbs4lfb5ykttphke3sfzwr7w7epw1h" xml:space="preserve">== Scientific Evidence Against Vampirism ==
&lt;br&gt;
                                                        
        '''''Medicalization of a Myth''''' 
 
&lt;br&gt;
The authors Winkler and Anderson, responding to a proposal suggested by David H. Dolphin, linking a disease named porphyria with vampirism the &quot;medicalization of a myth.&quot;
[https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/myth-medical-explanation-vampirism-porphyria]

=== The Origin Of A Myth, Or A New Medical Condition? === 

David Dolphin, sharing his original hypothesis, speculated in the mid-1980s that a disease known as porphyria maybe the root cause of vampirism and werewolf myths.

David Dolphin's proposal eventually sparked criticism and debate. 
A 1995 article in ''Postgraduate Medical Journal'' questioned the evidence Dolphin presented, while other observers questioned the quality of the information he shared on television, and at a talk conference.  

'''The &quot;Vampire Disease&quot;''' &lt;br&gt;
It seems that the history of understanding, and classifying &quot;vampirism&quot; is long and lengthy. &lt;br&gt;
According to Kennedy, a major contributor to the article: ''The Myth of a Medical Explanation for Vampirism'', the myth of vampirism has evolved, mutated, changed shape, yet stuck around &quot;for millennia.&quot; &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Porphyria has been called the &quot;vampire disease&quot; because of its similar nature to people considered vampires...at least that is the story some people claim. &lt;br&gt;
Today's popular vampire mythology draws on Slavic folklore, and 18th century stories. These stories commonly involved a recently &lt;u&gt;declared&lt;/u&gt; deceased family member, who, upon exhumation, meaning when un-buried, had little signs of decomposer, and appeared to be &quot;full of fresh blood.&quot;
This may be a explanation for why people, called vampires, are also called &quot;un-dead.&quot; &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The people of 19th century New England continued this train-of-thought, and according to ''The Myth Of A Medical Explanation For Vampirism,''[https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/myth-medical-explanation-vampirism-porphyria] this type-of-thought influenced ''Carmilla'' [1871] and ''Dracula,'' [1897] novels featuring vampires that were &quot;mobile,&quot; more underground &quot;un-dead.&quot; &lt;br&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;
Behaviors associated with vampirism, such as hallucinating tendencies, have been linked with similar diseases such as rabies. &lt;br&gt;
Many critics of David H. Dolphin's hypothesis, objected to the practice of connecting vampiric characteristics to diseases that are known and understood.
The ''New York Times'' reported David H. Dolphin's hypothesis, noting similar symptoms porphyria shares with vampirism, such as a sensitivity to sunlight, a possible lack of a needed molecule in their blood, and sensitivity to garlic. These similar symptoms were of such importance to Dolphin, that he mentioned these symptom similarities in a 1982 speech to the Royal Society, and on a 1984 TV appearance on NBC. 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Scientist, and Medical Professionals critical of David Dolphin's links, may have thought Dolphin was trying to define vampirism as a new disease! 
In a move to disassociate porphyria with vampirism, Mary G. Winkler and Anderson, asked the general public to stop building new myths, and to focus instead on more humane treatments for patients with porphyria.  “There is a necessity for scientists and the media to set aside cynical assumptions about their audiences and consider first and foremost their responsibilities to the communities of patients who are affected by diseases and by stories about their diseases,” both authors wrote. They also wrote about patients who became depressed by reports in the media linking porphyria, their illness, with vampirism. &lt;br&gt;
In general, sympathy does extent to people in need of better treatment for their disease, yet porphyria is also known as the &quot;vampire disease.&quot;
&lt;br&gt;
=== What evidence do Scientist and Medical Professionals have against vampirism? ===
Members of the ''modern'' medical profession publicly stated that vampire myths probably derive from misunderstandings concerning death (and decomposition). 
&lt;br&gt; Ironically, if vampire myths contain some truthful parts, it is the people with family members who have been called vampires &lt;u&gt;who should claim&lt;/u&gt; that modern medical Doctors do not seem to understand death, or simple techniques needed to ensure that a living person is not buried alive against their will.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Ethics Of Creating Vampire Lore|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>fzbs4lfb5ykttphke3sfzwr7w7epw1h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Scientific Evidence</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>415766</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679248</id>
      <parentid>4678407</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:43:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679248</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2459" sha1="kd1tj8a1twhpqalmp2wv7c5q7jklt9w" xml:space="preserve">== Science: ==
What is Science?
&lt;br&gt;
Science by definition is &quot;the intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.&quot; This complex definition is &quot;Powered by Oxford Dictionaries.&quot;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Where in the world of science and technology, does vampirism fit?
&lt;br&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;
From the Wikijournal of Medicine, we learn that &quot;Medicine is the science and practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease. Medicine encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness.&quot; [https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Portal:Medicine]
&lt;br&gt;

== Science, Vampaiyerism, and Vampirism ==
'''Is There Any Factual Evidence for The Existence of Vampires?''' 
&lt;br&gt;
Vampaiyerism is closely associated with vampirism, meaning activities and events closely linked with vampire of folklore, many fictitious vampire creations told about in stories, were characters reflecting actual people who were often drugged, maybe involved with drugs, often reported as dead, may be found buried, maybe associated with fraud, drug abuse, witchcraft, and even &quot;dark magic.&quot; &lt;br&gt;
Vampaiyerism and vampirism is seldom associated with Science, yet at times, Science and vampaiyerism, and by close association, vampirism, is connected in public broadcasts, and in the news. 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
From Wikipedia:
&lt;br&gt;
In modern times, the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity, although belief in similar vampiric creatures such as the chupacabra still persists in some cultures. Early folk belief in vampires has sometimes been ascribed to the ignorance of the body's process of decomposition after death and how people in pre-industrial societies tried to rationalize this, creating the figure of the vampire to explain the mysteries of death. Porphyria was linked with legends of vampirism in 1985 and received much media exposure, but has since been largely discredited. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire]
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
==== Reference: ====
1. &quot;Medicine.&quot; Wikiversity. Wikimedia Foundation, July 4, 2026. https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Portal:Medicine&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
2.&quot;Vampire.&quot; Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundtion, October 26, 2026. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Scientific Evidence Against Vampirism|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>kd1tj8a1twhpqalmp2wv7c5q7jklt9w</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/writers who did not create vampires</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>415777</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679240</id>
      <parentid>4678447</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:38:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679240</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="772" sha1="4d1ytqxsr91knfltm1uebt5q38hcryl" xml:space="preserve">== Writers Who Did Not Create Vampires ==
&lt;br&gt;
'''The Vampire''' is a poem by Rudyard Kipling (1897) &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Kipling's poem is not about a supernatural vampire. It ''is'' about a woman who drains a man's essence, and dignity. &lt;br&gt;
She is a ''&lt;u&gt;metaphorical&lt;/u&gt;'' vampire.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Why is this poem important? &lt;br&gt;
Because it shows how the myth of the vampire transformed from folklore to metaphor. 

She is compared to a vampire (a metaphor)


=== Reference: ===

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! Writers Who Did Not Create Vampires
|-
| &quot;The Vampire&quot; is a poem by Rudyard Kipling (1897)&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Vampire_(Kipling) &lt;br /&gt;
|}
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Vampires In Poetry|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>4d1ytqxsr91knfltm1uebt5q38hcryl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Alternative Spelling</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>415801</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679229</id>
      <parentid>4677811</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:29:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679229</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1737" sha1="ok6or4ll01ijo51n4liznki42pu8y46" xml:space="preserve">== Alternative Spellings ==
&lt;br&gt;
What Is The Best Way To Spell Vampire? &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The common English spelling for vampire seems to be v-a-m-p-i-r-e. &lt;br&gt;
A less common English (or American-English) spelling alternative is v-a-m-p-y-r-e.
&lt;br&gt;
Vampire is not considered a phonetic word, meaning the word is not spelled the way it is pronounced. &lt;br&gt;
Although people are not certain why we spell vampire in a manner that is inconsistent with how the word &quot;vampire&quot; is pronounced, some people think this is because the word &quot;vampire&quot; is a foreign word. 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
According to Dictionary.com, the word orgin for vampire is commonly attributed to a French derivative from German &lt;u&gt;''vampir''&lt;/u&gt;. 
This word may also be linked with Turkish ''uber'' witch, and Russian ''upyr'' vampire. [https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vampire  &quot;Dictionary.com: Vampire&quot;]
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In America, a country with many Latin American influences, the word &quot;vampire&quot; is sometimes phonetically spelled: v-a-m-p-a-i-y-e-r [Vam-Pai-Yer].
Although this maybe considered Spanglish, meaning a combination of English and Spanish language influences, the word &quot;vampaiyer&quot; is similar to &quot;vampiro,&quot; the Spanish version for &quot;vampire.&quot;&lt;br&gt;
According to Spanishdict.com, the word &quot;vampire,&quot; a noun, has a masculine form &quot;el vampiro,&quot; and a feminine form &quot;la vampira.&quot; [https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/vampiro &quot;Spanishdict.com: vampiro]&lt;br&gt;
=== Reference ===

1. Vampire. October 14, 2026 From Dictionary.com https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vampire 

2. Vampiro. October 14, 2026. From Spanishdict.com https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/vampiro 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||A Definition For Vampire|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>ok6or4ll01ijo51n4liznki42pu8y46</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Original Fictional Creations</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>415846</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679227</id>
      <parentid>4676086</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:28:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679227</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4447" sha1="i844ux5w5q0s3ryf11xwt7jffxst702" xml:space="preserve">== Original Fictional Creations ==
 '''''&lt;u&gt;HISTORY AND FOLKLORE&lt;/u&gt;'''''
Before diving in, we must first clarify the difference between History and Folklore.

'''History''', meaning inquiry, or knowledge acquired from the past by investigation, may stem from Greek ''historia'', according to Wikipedia.[1] &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
'''History''' is related to folklore, yet is essentially different. Folklore are stories about a particular culture, yet &lt;br&gt;
Folklore, and similar legends, are told from a subjective perspective, and are not validated by external sources. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Folklore and legends are classified as cultural heritage. History is not myth, mainly for reasons that involve telling a story about events that have happened in the past, and then gathering supporting evidence used to validate one's history. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The study of '''History''' is a major discipline in academic fields.  

According to Wikipedia, folklore is the body of expressive culture shared by a particular group of people, culture, or subculture. [2]  &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
At its core, folklore is knowledge (lore) from common people (folks). Researchers study the culture, traditional knowledge, music, oral literature, customs, beliefs, Art artifacts, even the recipes shared within specific subcultures. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The academic study of folklore is called folklore studies or folkloristics. Interested students may approach this discipline at the undergraduate, graduate, or Ph. D levels.  &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The field emerged in the 19th century in Europe and North America. The American Folklore Society was founded in 1888 to help organize and expand academic work in the United States. [3]

Although there are a few vampire stories that reflect actual historic events, most vampire stories have their roots in folklore.  &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
These chilling tales of monsters are more than bedtime stories, they are cautionary tales, they are cultural mirrors, they help people make sense of their world, and they strive to define the unknown. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;u&gt;Create Vampires&lt;/u&gt; is a non-fictional book that gives us permission -- we can open up a book about monsters to see what is hiding in the closet. We can shine a light on vampires, so that we may see how they originated, evolved and mutated. We may even see our reflections in vampire tales, our fears, our desires and our subconscious expressions. 

The nature of the vampire shifted from folklore stories that often contained warnings, to mutated stories about pale monsters and occult-ish blood lettings.   

It is as if the horrific stories about the tragic events that happened to some people, horror stories that were traditionally passed orally from person to person, started to pass culturally from one region to another region, finally emerging from the author's imagination in tangible, written form, vastly distorted, yet eerily relevant, with the mysterious ability to capture the imagination of young readers. 
&lt;br&gt;
 &lt;br&gt; &lt;u&gt;'''Creative Writing'''&lt;/u&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Creative writing is any form of writing that uses imagination, craft, and artistic expression to tell a story, share an idea, or to express emotions rather than just retelling facts. Creative writing reaches beyond the strict rules of academia, shaping a story in ways more creative than technical or journalistic writing. [4] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt; 
Imaginative young readers today could greatly benefit from Creative Writing classes offered in many Public High Schools.&lt;br&gt;  
&lt;br&gt;
Creative writing classes are controversial classes in academia, yet in general, helpful to students in public schools. Creative writing programs are developing. In many public schools, creative writing classes are related to Language classes, and Art classes. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
'''Creative writing''' is not a discipline in academic fields. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
 '''&lt;u&gt;Create Vampire&lt;/u&gt;''' is a free wikibook intended as a guide, and as a non-fictional resource for people fascinated by vampires and similar monsters! &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;   
 
&lt;br&gt;
=== Reference: ===
 
1. &quot;History&quot; April 15, 2026 In Portal:History https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:History
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
2. Schlinkert, Jana C. (2002) p.30 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
3. &quot;About Folklore.&quot; The Ohio State University. https://cfs.osu.edu/about/resources/folklore &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
4. &quot;Creative Writing.&quot;  October 8, 2026. In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_writing &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Vam-Pai-Yer|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>i844ux5w5q0s3ryf11xwt7jffxst702</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>International Postage Meter Stamp Catalog/Hong Kong/AA1</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>423200</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679160</id>
      <parentid>4465709</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:24:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jim Ashby</username>
        <id>3304668</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Universal Postal Frankers, Ltd. &quot;Midget&quot;. */</comment>
      <origin>4679160</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9523" sha1="7kap5duhlpk24p07dz6nyoy4wxrjvrs" xml:space="preserve">=Hong Kong Type AA1=

====Universal Postal Frankers, Ltd. &quot;Midget&quot;.====
:The Midget could print a selected number of values values, each up to a maximum of 25 times the unit value.  Machines used in Hong Kong had a unit value of 1c so could print a maximum value of 25c, though see notes for M6.&lt;br&gt;
:9 machines are known, numbered M1-M7, M9 and M20.  They were distributed by Lane Crawford, Ltd., acting as agents for UPF.&lt;br&gt;
:Value dies were originally engraved by Huggins, Geyer &amp; Coleman, Ltd., London.  From the number of dies dispatched to Hong Kong, it is possible that a tenth machine was also issued.&lt;br&gt;
----
&lt;br&gt;
'''AA1.M1''' (FV-3).

[[File:Hong Kong Type AA1.jpg|360px]]
{{space}}{{space}}{{space}}&lt;br&gt;
: '''A. Lane, Crawford Ltd.''' Known 11 XII 29 - 18 IV 41
:: TM: DC &quot;VICTORIA / HONG{{middot}}KONG&quot; &lt;br&gt;
:: Values:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M1 2c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M1 3c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M1 4c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M1 10c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''2c''' known 11 XII 29 - 7 III 41
::: '''3c''' known 7 VII 34 - 7 III 41
::: '''4c''' known 16 VII 30 - 9 VIII 30
::: '''10c''' known 3 I 38 - 18 IV 41
::: '''NOTE:''' The 3c and 10c dies were replacements and have a sans-serif &quot;1&quot; in the meter number.
:: Slogans:
::: [[File:Hong Kong AA1 M1 Slogan A.jpg|191px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong AA1 M1 Slogan B.jpg|191px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong AA1 M1 Slogan C.jpg|191px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''A'''. LANE, CRAWFORD LTD. for things worth having. ''(Image shows a photocopy - actual slogan would be red)''
:::: Known 11 XII 29
::: '''B'''. Try LANE CRAWFORD LTD. First
:::: Known 11 VI 30 - 3 IX 30
::: '''C'''. A bigger selection at Lane Crawford Ltd.
:::: Known 7 VII 34 - 18 IV 41
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''AA1.M2''' (FV-3).

[[File:Hong Kong M2 1931 10 03 2c.jpg|368px]]
&lt;br&gt;
: '''A. The Hong Kong Jockey Club.''' Known postally used on 3 X 31 only
:: TM: DC &quot;VICTORIA / HONG{{middot}}KONG&quot; &lt;br&gt;
:: Values:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M2 1c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M2 2c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M2 4c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''1c''' postally used examples not known
::: '''2c''' known 3 X 31
::: '''4c''' postally used examples not known
::: '''NOTE:''' Proofs of the 1c, 2c and 4c are known dated 2 X 29.
:: Slogans:
:::: [[File:Hong Kong M2 Slogan A.jpg|193px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong M2 Slogan B.jpg|193px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong M2 Slogan C.jpg|193px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''A'''. LANE, CRAWFORD LTD. ESTABLISHED 1850
:::: Examples are known only on proofs dated 2 X 29.
::: '''B'''. QUALITY FOR QUALITY LANE CRAWFORD LTD. ARE CHEAPER ''(Image shows a photocopy - actual slogan would be red)''
:::: Examples are known only on proofs dated 2 X 29.
::: '''C'''. A bigger selection at Lane Crawford Ltd. ''(Image shows a photocopy - actual slogan would be red)''
:::: Examples are known only on proofs dated 2 X 29.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''AA1.M3''' (FV-3).

[[File:Hong Kong M3 10c.jpg|358px]]
&lt;br&gt;
: '''A. The Dairy Farm Ice &amp; Cold Storage Company, Limited.''' Known 20 XII 29 - 11 VII 41
:: TM: DC &quot;VICTORIA / HONG{{middot}}KONG&quot; &lt;br&gt;
:: Values:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M3 1c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M3 4c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M3 10c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''1c''' known 20 XII 29 - 28 V 41
::: '''4c''' known 8 IX 36 - 28 V 41
::: '''10c''' known 2 VII 30 - 21 VII 41
::: '''NOTE:''' Proofs of the 1c and 10c are known dated 2 X 29.
:: Slogans:
:::: [[File:Hong Kong M3 Slogan A.jpg|193px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong M3 Slogan B.jpg|193px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''A'''. DAIRY FARM ICE CREAM Made its way by the way it’s made ''(Image shows a photocopy - actual slogan would be red)''
:::: Examples are known only on proofs dated 2 X 29.
::: '''B'''. DRINK FRESH MILK for HEALTH ''(Image shows a photocopy - actual slogan would be red)''
:::: Examples are known only on proofs dated 2 X 29.
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''AA1.M4''' (FV-3).

[[File:Hong Kong M4 6c.jpg|368px]]
&lt;br&gt;
: '''A. W.R. Loxley &amp; Co. (China) Ltd.''' Known 26 IX 32 - 12 VI 40
:: TM: DC &quot;VICTORIA / HONG{{middot}}KONG&quot; &lt;br&gt;
:: Values:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M4 1c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M4 4c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M4 6c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''1c''' known 26 IX 32 - 12 VI 40
::: '''4c''' known ? V 33 - 12 VI 40
::: '''6c''' known 16 III 33 - 12 VI 40
:: Slogans:
::: Not known on this machine
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''AA1.M5''' (FV-3).

[[File:Hong Kong M5 4c.jpg|378px]]
&lt;br&gt;
: '''A. Gilman &amp; Co., Ltd.''' Known 12 XII 35 - ? V 41
:: TM: DC &quot;VICTORIA / HONG{{middot}}KONG&quot; &lt;br&gt;
:: Values:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M5 1c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M5 2c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M5 4c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M5 10c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''1c''' known 17 IX 36 - 4 XII 40
::: '''2c''' known 13 XII 35 - 5 III 36
::: '''4c''' known 12 XII 35 - 4 XII 40
::: '''10c''' known 18 VI 36 - ? VI 41
::: '''NOTE:''' Either the 1c or 10 are likely to be replacement dies.
::: '''NOTE:''' Proofs of the 2c are known dated 2 X 29.
:: Slogans:
::: Not known on this machine
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''AA1.M6''' (FV-5).

[[File:Hong Kong M6 10c.jpg|368px]]
&lt;br&gt;
: '''A. The American Express Company Inc.''' Known 10 III 30 - 15 XI 41
:: TM: DC &quot;VICTORIA / HONG{{middot}}KONG&quot; &lt;br&gt;
:: Values:
::: This machine initially printed in multiples of 1c:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M6 1c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M6 4c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M6 10c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M6 20c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
:::: '''1c''' known 6 VI 36 - 22 VI 38
:::: '''4c''' known 26 I 31 - 22 VI 38
:::: '''10c''' known 10 III 30 - 16 IX 37
:::: '''20c''' known 26 I 31 - 28 VII 38
:::: '''?''' fifth value not yet identified
::: In late 1938 the machine was modified to print in multiples of 5c:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M6 5c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M6 15c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M6 25c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M6 75c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M6 125c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
:::: '''5c''' known 27 III 39 - 3 IX 41
:::: '''15c''' known 16 I 39 - 15 XI 41
:::: '''25c''' known 31 XII 38 - 19 V 41
:::: '''75c''' known 3 IV 41 - 6 VI 41
:::: '''$1.25''' known 14 IV 39 - 15 XI 41
:: Slogans:
::: Not known on this machine
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''AA1.M7''' (FV-5).

[[File:Hong Kong M7 4c.jpg|368px]]
&lt;br&gt;
: '''A. The National City Bank of New York.''' Known 9 IV 30 - 17 XI 30
: '''B. The Mercantile Bank of India, Limited.''' Known 28 VII 30 - 14 VII 41
: '''NOTE:''' Both companies used the machine simultaneously, until NCBNY were issued with M9.
:: TM: DC &quot;VICTORIA / HONG{{middot}}KONG&quot; &lt;br&gt;
:: Values:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M7 1c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M7 2c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M7 4c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M7 10c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M7 20c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M7 25c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''1c''' known 17 XII 36 - 11 II 41
::: '''2c''' known 8 V 30 - 11 III 32
::: '''4c''' known 8 V 30 - 11 II 41
::: '''10c''' known 9 IV 30 - 15 VII 41
::: '''20c''' known 9 I 31 - 19 VII 41
::: '''25c''' known 19 VIII 30 - 1 XI 30
::: '''NOTE:''' The 20c was a replacement for the 25c die.
:: Slogans:
::: Not known on this machine
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''AA1.M9''' (FV-5).

[[File:Hong Kong M9 8c.jpg|373px]]
&lt;br&gt;
: '''A. The National City Bank of New York.''' Known 26 XI 30 - 1 II 37
:: TM: DC &quot;VICTORIA / HONG{{middot}}KONG&quot; &lt;br&gt;
:: Values:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M9 2c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M9 3c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M9 4c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M9 8c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M9 14c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''2c''' known 26 XI 30 - 1 II 37
::: '''3c''' known 2 VI 31 - 1 II 37
::: '''4c''' known 27 V 31 - 20 XI 34
::: '''8c''' known 26 XI 30 - 13 IX 35
::: '''14c''' known 26 XI 30 - 24 VII 36
:: Slogans:
::: Not known on this machine
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

'''AA1.M20''' (FV-3).

[[File:M20 1929 04 04 4c.jpg|364px]]
&lt;br&gt;
: '''A. General Post Office.''' Known 26 XI 30 - 1 II 37
:: TM: DC &quot;VICTORIA / HONG{{middot}}KONG&quot; &lt;br&gt;
:: Values:
::: [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M20 1c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M20 2c.jpg|138px]] {{space}}{{space}}{{space}} [[File:Hong Kong Type AA1 M20 4c.jpg|138px]]&lt;br&gt;
::: '''1c''' one postally used example known, but date not shown
::: '''2c''' postally used examples not known
::: '''4c''' known 16 IV 30 - 18 IX 35
::: '''NOTE:''' Proofs of the 1c, 2c and 4c are known dated 4 IV 29.
:: Slogans:
::: Not known on this machine
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>7kap5duhlpk24p07dz6nyoy4wxrjvrs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Super Mario Sunshine/Sirena Beach</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>427104</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679082</id>
      <parentid>4533172</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:01:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679082</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22335" sha1="pgob6tokdmqe5b7pzpzmmt0pl72hf84" xml:space="preserve">==Episode 1: The Manta Storm==
* Objective: Defeat the Manta. It splits into parts every time you kill it.

This is the Island's most luxurious hotel, but the guests are a bit irate at the moment because they have reservations but no hotel. There is a new kind of goop covering the ground though, and it's more dangerous than what you've seen up to now because it gives you a painful electric shock if you touch it.

Clean up some of the goop; there are two Nokis buried in it that will be grateful for a rescue. See [[Super_Mario_Sunshine/Controls#Using_FLUDD|&quot;Using FLUDD&quot; in Controls]] for fast spray cleaning techniques. You can also get a 1-Up by breaking the middle box of three on the left side of the beach. Speak to the hotel manager who is right next to where the hotel should be on a large square surrounded by moat. He'll tell you that a manta-shaped silhouette appeared, covered the beach in electric goop, and destroyed his hotel. Then, he'll be interrupted by its return. 

;Boss: Manta Ray
The manta ray starts spreading more electric goop around, but it doesn't like water to keep spraying it while keeping your distance. This is giant manta but when you get enough water on it it splits into two large mantas. Both of these split into three medium mantas, which in turn split into four small mantas each. Finally each of the small mantas split into four tiny mantas when you spray them. 

Fortunately the tiny mantas are afraid of you and won't get close, so you're free to fight the larger ones and try to clear some goop free patches of ground since all the mantas leave trails behind them. They can't leave any on water or on treetops, though. Two useful techniques here are hovering and spin-squirting. The mantas cannot reach Mario under the cabana roofs, so this is the perfect place to shoot water at them with impunity.

Once there are only the tiny mantas left they get over their fear and start to attack, all 96 of them unless you've managed to chase some of them down while fighting the larger ones. Fortunately it just takes one squirt of water to make one disappear into a puff of smoke. To keep them from surrounding you, you may want to find a wall. The spin-squirt is very effective here, but the easiest thing to do is run towards the beach and run up and down the beach, constantly spraying everything nearby. 

Once they're all gone, a cutscene will show the hotel reappearing and you can collect a Shine above a small fountain in the middle of the area.

==Episode 2: The Hotel Lobby's Secret==
*Objective: spray the pink ghosts to make stairs to the top floor appear.

The hotel is back but it's still not open to guests because there are ghosts all over. Talk to the manager again to be shown inside and you'll see what the problem is. There are [[../Enemies#Boo|Boos]] wandering around and, according to one of the hotel staff, they came out of the mouth of a statue on the top floor. 

Getting there is tricky because the stairs all have emergency shutters in place. There are pink Boos floating around the middle of the lobby and if you spray them they turn into pink blocks you can stand on. So you need spray to get a block, jump up to it and spray to get a block a bit higher. Keep doing this to make your way up to the top floor. Now just hover into the statue's mouth to enter a secret level.

From the starting platform hop to the row of brick blocks on the left. Stus start coming toward you but these should be no problem. There are more bricks above you as you get near the end of the row, and you can break these from below by jumping. (Mario's head has always been very hard.) The first of these blocks has a 1-Up inside. 

Do a wall-kick or triple jump to get up to the next row of blocks. There are gaps which you must get across, but there are flying Stus you can use as stepping stones. These fly left and right so you have to time your jumps. One of the blocks is made of sand which dissolves when you stand on it, so it takes a bit of extra planning to jump from it to the Stu.

You land on a ledge with brick blocks above it. Jump to break on of them at the lowest layer, then use wall kicks to get the ones above it until you can wall kick up to the top. Next follow the trail of sand blocks; if you've already done the Dune Bud Sand Castle Secret in Gelato Beach then you should be used to this, but the path here is a bit more complicated. There is a side path going down to the right but avoid it.

Now you're on a rectangle of blocks of various kinds. There are watermelon blocks at the far end and if you smash your way down to the bottom of these a 1-Up appears.

At the bottom of the far end is a gear shaped block and the next step is to jump onto it. It starts to move and turn when you do; you just need to stay on top until it takes you to your destination. The gear teeth make this rather tricky though, so make sure you don't try to go over them faster than you need to.

There is a pile of sand blocks to jump to at the then of the gear block ride. Get over to the other side being careful not to slip as you're coming down the far side. There you are met by one last Stu who is guarding the Shine.

==Episode 3: Mysterious Hotel Delfino==
* Objective: Discover the mystery of the hotel. 

Well the hotel is finally open for business, the Doot-Doot Sisters are dancing to Ukulele music on the beach, and there are only a few Boos around to disturb the guests. Talk to the hotel manager to be invited inside and start exploring.

You'll be able to see the Shine in the pool on the third floor, but the pool monitor won't let you in with street clothes, so you need to get past him somehow. This is pretty complicated though and you will need to explore most of the hotel before you'll be able to do it.

First, you're going to need Yoshi. There's an egg right next to the hotel desk but Yoshi wants a pineapple to hatch. There is a fruit stand in the lobby but, of course, they have everything except pineapple. It seems someone is hoarding them, so you need to explore the rooms to find where the pineapples are hidden.

All the room doors are locked except for one on the third floor. Just make a note of that fact for now. There's guest in the lobby who gives you a clue what to next; he points out that there's some water damage in the Men's room. (The woman in the Women's room will chew you out if you talk to her.)

Find the stall where the water damage is and jump to find yourself in the tub in the room upstairs. There's actually a second way into this room which you can discover by jumping on the bed. It's through a trapdoor in the pool lobby. Talk to the woman whose room you've invaded and she mentions that a painting is giving off a weird vibe. Spray the painting and the picture changes to a Boo, then jump through into the next room.

There are two Nokis in here and they've got a couple of Boos in with them. Get rid of the Boos so maybe the couple will calm down a bit, then spray the panels in the doorway which connects to the next room. When all four panels are turned you see the outline of a Boo and the doorway opens.

There's a Pianta woman in here and she's got pink Boos with her. Spray to turn them into blocks as in the previous episode and go through the hole in the ceiling. 

Now you're in a small room with a lone Noki; Spray the shelf to open a way to the next room. There is a Pianta in here but he doesn't seem to be a guest because the furniture is all piled up against the walls. From talking to him it seems that he's our pineapple hoarder, but he's misplaced them. There are posters here you can spray your way through but we don't need to right now. Instead, look for the patch of floor that a different color than the rest. It's a trap door that takes you down to the floor below.

There are crates in here with the missing pineapples, so pick one up and go back to the lobby so you can wake up Yoshi.

The first thing you need remember about Yoshi here is that you can't open doors while riding him. So if you go into a room with a closed door with him  he'll get trapped inside and you'll have to go through the entire previous route to get him back.

Take Yoshi to the third floor and go into room with the open door. There is a Noki couple in there but they won't mind if you bounce on the bed to get into the attic.

The attic is a maze and there are several places where you can break through into the third floor 
again. Some of these have already been explored, and some haven't, but only one leads to the Shine. Start by exploring the maze and have Yoshi eat every ghost in sight so they don't block the way.

If you remember the layout of the third floor, the room with the Noki couple is just to the left of the pool. So in the attic you need to follow the left wall from the hole you came through. You end up going a corner too far and then doubling back to the one you want, but you end in a room where you can crash through the floor into the pool. Now the Shine is yours to collect.

==Episode 4: The Secret of Casino Delfino==
* Objective: Play some slots and finish the level in an obstacle course.
 
Talk to the hotel manager and go inside. Then Talk to the Pianta on the left after passing the front desk to get into the casino.

There are several games in here, but for now you want to play the two large slot machines until you get three 7's. On the machine on the right, the spinners nearly always land on the same thing. So if you get one 7 then the other two will be 7's as well. You still have to keep spinning until you get a 7 though, so collect the coins and defeat the Boos that come out until you do. Once you get the jackpot the machine stops working and it's time to try the other one.

On the machine on the left only the spinners you spray actually turn. So spray the middle one until you get a 7 on it, then spray the left and right spinners while avoiding the middle one until you get a 7 on them. This also stops working when you get the jackpot.

When both of the machines read jackpot, the curtain between them open reveal a square of 16 question marks. Spray the tiles and they flip more or less at random, but only the tiles you hit with water will flip. You want to flip all the tiles to get a picture of a Shine. It's best to start at the top row and work your way down and to the sides so you end with the bottom corners. That's because it's difficult to just spray one tile but you can control FLUDD enough to just hit tiles below ones that have been flipped or just ones in a lower corner. This still takes some patience though since the occasional splash can still flip a tile you don't want it to.

When you get the shine picture it disappears and you see a pipe behind it, so jump in to start a secret level.

You start on a platform with two sliding cubes, and of course if you're standing in the wrong spot the cubes will push you off the platform and you need to start over. There is another cube behind platform moving back and forth. Wait until that cube is approaching the platform, then slip between the sliding cubes and hop to the other cube before you get pushed off the platform.

Now ride the cube you're on to another platform. This is a bit more complicated because there are six sliding cubes, holes in the platform, and there is an added danger of being squished between two cubes if you're between them. If the two blocks in front are coming toward then immediately jump to the left so you don't get pushed off. If not then stay put until they start coming toward, then move to the left. While the front blocks are moving toward the front edge, sneak behind them and grab the 1-Up on the right side of the platform, but don't hang around because this is a good place to be squished. Now head left and then to the back of the platform where the blocks are relatively easy to avoid. Hop onto a cube behind this platform to carry to on to the next obstacle; this one rotates so you have to keep moving to stay on top.

Now you have four blocks that move from side to side, but all you have to do is jump from block to block until you get to the last one. Then comes one of the rotating beams you first met in Episode 4 of Ricco Harbor. There is a 1-Up above it but it's difficult to reach so you're probably better off just moving on. There is one last cube to ride and it rotates in complicated ways so you have to watch carefully to stay on top, but it takes you to the Shine in the end.

==Episode 5: King Boo Down Below==
* Objective: Defeat King Boo
Get into the casino as in the previous episode. The manager mentions something about strange noises being heard in the casino so it's actually closed to the public.

This time the game you're interested in is roulette, but one of the colored areas on the wheel is purple instead of green or red. Ground pound it and the wheel lowers you into the basement where there is a larger roulette wheel and King Boo appears ready for a fight.

;Boss fight: King Boo
King Boo will normally just spit up Boos to attack you. Meanwhile there are three rotating wheels moving underneath you. You can stop the wheels temporarily by ground pounding the purple areas.

Spray King Boo in the face to get him to spin the slots below him. There are several outcomes:
*'''?:''' Different enemies appear. 
*'''Coins:''' Coins appear. Handy to help restore life.
*'''Stus:''' Strollin' Stus appear in great numbers. Watch out, because Smolderin' Stus also appear. Douse them quickly.
*'''No Luck:''' Bubbles appear when the slots don't match. Pop them to get bottles to refill FLUDD's tank. However, the bubbles can hurt you.
*'''Fruit:''' Fruit appears. 
You can only damage King Boo by throwing fruit at him. Regular fruit alone does nothing, but chili peppers are too hot for him and he opens his mouth to cool off. Now if you throw a regular fruit at him the combination will hurt him.

Each time King spins the slots the wheels underneath you start to turn again, so don't waste too much effort stopping them, but it's better to not have the floor moving under you so stop them when it's convenient.

Hit King Boo three times with the fruit combo and he'll be defeated. This means you need to get fruit on the slots three times among all the other random outcomes, so the battle can take a while depending on luck. Claim your Shine Sprite when the battle is over.

==Episode 6: Scrubbin' Sirena Beach==
* Objective: Clean up Sirena Beach

The electric goop is back! You talk to the manager automatically at the start and you get three minutes to clean it up. Use the spray nozzle for most of it (the Hover Nozzle is much slower), but you can throw the barrels to get large areas. It may also help to hold down R and tap a to produce a wide spray of water. Don't worry about getting every little drip; it's enough to get the larger patches. When you've cleared enough goop, the timer stops.  Talk to the manager again to collect your Shine. You can also spray goop off two Nokis in front of the hut for 1-Ups, and two more Nokis by the beach chairs for blue coins.

==Episode 7: Shadow Mario Checks In==
* Objective: Chase down Shadow Mario

Chase Shadow Mario as in the other levels. Watch out for Boos that disguise themselves as Shadow Mario. They are a slightly lighter color than he is and stand still while Shadow Mario runs around. Squirt them to turn them into regulars boos then stomp on them so they don't make trouble any more.

==Episode 8: Red Coins in the Hotel==
* Objective: Find all eight Red coins in 5 minutes.

Enter the hotel as usual and find a red button in the lobby. Press it to start the timer and make Red coins appear around the hotel. You have five minutes to find all the Red Coins. For much of this you repeat the same routes as in Episode 3, but there are no ghosts to deal with this time.

#The first coin is right next to the button.
#Go to the back of the lobby and turn right to enter to women's room and find a coin there.
#Now go into the men's room and through the ceiling as in Episode 3. Wash the painting as you did then and go through, then find a coin in the next room.
#Exit to the 2nd floor hall and head toward the stairs; the next coin is on the way.
#Go up the stairs and find the next coin in the 3rd floor hall.
#Go into the pool and find a coin in the back.
#Go into the room with the open door to the left of the pool. The Noki couple are still in there. Bounce on the bed to get into the attic as in Episode 3. Now go counterclockwise to the next corner and find the room with six Gold coins. Break through the weak spot in the floor to get into the room below. Now spray the poster to make a hole in the wall and go through to get another coin.
#Go back to the previous room and break through the floor where it's a different color. Now you're in the room where the pineapples were in Episode 3. Find the last coin in the doorway leading to the next room.

The Shine appears in the lobby, so go down and pick it up. 

==100 coins Shine==
It's possible that you could get unlimited coins in the battle with King Boo because you occasionally get coins when he spins the slots. This only seems to happen when you're low on health though and it's a risky balance to stay low on health during a boss battle. Aside from that, if your going for a high coin count, you might try episode 4 because you can get coins from playing the one of the big slot machines. The problem is that if you get 100 coins before going into the casino, you can't get back out to get the shine once you've gotten the extra coins.

But if you're just interested in getting the Shine, then we recommend Episode 7 simply because you can enter all the rooms in the hotel without doing any puzzles. Plus there are Boos around and you can get coins from them. There aren't many more than 100 coins in this episode, so you don't get to skip many if you want the Shine.

*Outside
**Break the boxes near the beach (1 coin)
**Look in the ceilings of the cabanas (3 coins)
**Spray the flames in front of the hotel. There are two flames on the upper floor and another one in the middle of the area. (10 coins)
*Inside
**Lobby pool and behind the front desk (14 coins)
**Spray the flames in the lobby (10 coins)
**Spray the plant in the women's room (1 coin)
**Second and third floor halls (6 coins)
**Second and third floor Boos (11 coins)
**Guest rooms and pool in plain sight (32 coins)
**Spray Second and third floor lamps and doors (8 coins) 
**Attic (18 coins)

The Shine appears in the lobby assuming you get the 100th coin in the hotel.

==Secret Shine #1==
Start Episode 2 and enter the Hotel Lobby's secret area for a replay. 

You don't reach the button until the trail of sand blocks, so get there pretty much as you did before; hovering just makes it a bit easier. Press the button and you have 1:30 to get the Red coins.

Jump and hover from the button and fly through Coin #1, then land on the next section of blocks. Run down them and jump to the next section to land on Coin #2; you need to jump just as you land to get a double jump in. You should have enough height now to hover to Coin #3 which is high up above the end of the trail. If you don't get the double jump then you'll have to do a back-flip to get the needed height and it will be awkward. When you get to the big rectangle of blocks grab Coin #4 from the top at the far end. The next coin is rather deviously placed at the bottom of the near end. Slide down the end of the rectangle to land on the gear shaped block and quickly hop back to the rectangle. Hop and hover around the side of the rectangle, then back into it on a row of blocks with Gold coins and Red Coin #5. Do the same maneuver in reverse to get to the end of the rectangle. Hopefully the gear shaped block will be somewhere in the middle of its track about now since you started it when you landed on it earlier. Jump and hover to it, then jump and hover from there to the pile of sand blocks; this depends on the gear being at the right spot so you'll have to wait if it's too far away. If it happens to be near you then just hop on as you did in Episode 2 and ride it part way to the pile of sand blocks. Coins #6 and #7 are on the left and right sides of the sand blocks and you should be able to just hover to them. Coin #8 is above the front block, so hop up to the top of the pile, hover to the coins and drop straight down so you land on the block below. The timer will have stopped by now so take your time getting across the sand blocks to the platform with the Shine.

==Secret Shine #2==
Start Episode 4 and enter the Casino Delfino secret area for a replay. 

The button is right at the start, press it and you have 1:00 to get the Red coins.

Coin #1 is right in front of the button, but inside one of the sliding cubes much of the time. You might want to time when you press the button so that you can get the coin right away. You should be able to reach it with a hop and a hover. Coin #2 is above the track of the cube behind the first platform. If the cube is in front of the coin then glide to it, bounce on it and hover through the coins, landing on the next platform. If the cube is behind the coins then hover through the coin then bounce on the cube. Coin #3 is in the middle of the second platform between the holes. Approach it from the left or from between the front cubes as they separate. Then make your way to the far side of the platform. Coin #4 is above the track of the cube moving behind the platform and you might try a tactic similar to the one for coin #2. It seems to work better when the cube is moving away from you though. Coins #5, #6 and #7 are above the blocks that move from side to side after this. They are high up so try to get a bounce on the cube leading to them so you get good height for Cube #5. For the other two, and in case you miss the bounce on the first one, try wall kicks off the sides of the frame that the blocks are moving through. Cube #8 is above the rotating beam and very high up. You might try a triple jump on the beam, but whats seem to work better is to go on to the large cube beyond, do a back-flip and hover back to the coin. That way all you have to do is not fall off the beam when you land on it. The Shine appears at the end where you'd expect it, so pick it up.

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>pgob6tokdmqe5b7pzpzmmt0pl72hf84</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Why Create Vampires</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>448312</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679232</id>
      <parentid>4677813</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:32:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679232</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9190" sha1="ildwtllcx4rybw3789mylhcq5rzdtzt" xml:space="preserve">== Why Create Vampires? ==
What would happen if you woke-up one day with a horrible craving for blood?&lt;br&gt;
What if you woke up, then slowly realized that you were invisible, would you get dressed out of habit? &lt;br&gt;
What if you woke-up one day both hungry and invisible? What would you do?&lt;br&gt;
These are questions writers may consider when approaching fictional narratives. Stories about ghosts, angels, zombies and vampires are popular with modern readers, yet why do people write about vampires? Should you?&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Perhaps writing creatively about a fascinating subject is a bit of a dream. In order to first figure out what to write, some people may choose to gather together with other writing students to consider and experiment with ideas and techniques of use to other Writers. &lt;br&gt;
Classes that encourage creative writing, may encourage exploration of fascinating subjects, such as vampires. &lt;br&gt;
Exploration of unusual subjects can be rewarding to the creative spirit!&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Creative writing is a self-developmental process involving your creativity, using established techniques of the Writer’s craft, shaped by your level of honesty. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In creative writing classes, your story is not just your creative expression, each story you make takes time to write. This is similar to a window allowing people to share in the communication process. You don’t just share common norms about spelling, grammar, or idiomatic expressions used by normal people, your story can share information about how a group of people reacted to life-altering events. Your stories can in a general sense, reflect the society and times you observe and write about.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Because every writer is advised to “write what you know,” you may willingly look for safe ways to write what you know, creatively, 
in a non-factual manner that may not share factual information, yet will express your emotions, or will reflect the feelings of everyone. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Creative writing is about telling a story in an expressive, original manner. Techniques like tone (meaning how to express the right mood), emotional intensity, or level of humor (meaning how we tell the story using the right tone to a reader who is unable to hear you, or hear the people your story will reflect), may become easier after we have developed better writing skills. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Creative writing is about developing better writing skills, and about allowing honest expression, often in non-factual, creative ways. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
 '''&lt;u&gt;Create Vampires&lt;/u&gt;?''' 
In a world where people desire to make a lot of money, in the shortest amount of time. &lt;br&gt;
In a world where bank robbery is illegal, yet ''grave-robbery'' is not...? &lt;br&gt;
In a world populated by individuals who seemed ruled by greed, vampires and other monsters are sometimes spoken into some tangible, often frightening existence. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
If we exist in a world where characters could be spoken into existence, and allowed to linger in unusual fields bound and un-bound... If characters could linger, losing human characteristics and form, linger like ghost populating flat white spaces, if characters could attain atypical motion, yet exist like zombies without the ability to reason, or exist like demons without kindness, or exist like vampires, with constant hunger, sharing kindness with the hungry ghost who linger with desires to be fed, if such empty planes were populated by hungry, unreasoning, lingering atypical creations, mere works of the imagination, would their monster's tale be worthy of note? &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
There are real monsters, humans who have acted inhumanely, and there are fictional monsters, characters in books who reflect real monsters. &lt;br&gt;
Although Writers who write about vampires from their imagination may be following their own personal creative spirit, wouldn't a richer story develop if Writers reflected the real world, culling factual details from recorded history to enhance their stories? &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Monsters have always existed in our modern era. They scare us, they fascinate us, they open new realities. Writing about vampires can be a way to explore the unknown, or a way to address your fears in a safe, controlled manner. Writing about vampires can be therapeutic, or a fun way to share a different cultural perspective. 


'''WARNING: &lt;u&gt;Vampires of the imagination in action!&lt;/u&gt;''' 


Giving warnings against vampires of the imagination maybe a useful device writers could explore. 

Typical vampires of the imagination are not friendly characters, they seem to possess unusual traits and characteristics. In stories, most vampires are not popular, most are un-loveable and very problematic.  &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;              

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+COMMON VAMPIRE-IMAGINATION TRAITS + CHARACTERISTICS:
!Traits
!Characteristics
|-
|Pale / Deadly pale
|Enjoy isolation / Loner personality
|-
|Long fangs / Fang-ish teeth
|Predator personality
|-
|Thin
|Alpha Male type
|-
|Black hair / Brown Hair
|&quot;Energy Vampire&quot; : Negativity, overly dramatic, hostile rages, complaints and sad stories.
|-
|Re-animated corpse with failing body issues.
|
|}
 
Vampires of the imagination that seem to be re-animated, walking corpses, some with dominate alpha-male behaviors and sharp cuspids, could be a terror, a monster, or a walking nightmare to a town, or neighborhood. It is easy for Writers to warn their readers against such a vampire, yet what about vampires with subtle negative energy influences? What of Energy vampires and other less monster-ish vampires of the imagination?  &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Supernatural Vampire Traits
!Traits that are supernatural
!Mythological Creature
|-
|Immortality &lt;br&gt;
Drinking blood &lt;br&gt;
Sunlight Poisoning &lt;br&gt;
Heightened senses &lt;br&gt;
Morphing
|[[File:&quot;Le_Vampire&quot;.jpg|thumb|&quot;Le Vampire&quot;]]
|}
&lt;br&gt;
Vampire stories found in Eastern European Folklore often warn people against evil characters, or of an evil character [the antagonist] who in a malicious manner seeks to harm innocent people. Regardless of the motive, the methods are of drugging [poisoning] the victim, which often leads to the innocent person getting buried alive, and / or having their graves robbed by grave-robbers interested in robbing the rich. Many Eastern European folk stories are warnings against grave-robbers! &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt; 
Some vampire traits are obviously supernatural, yet a few vampire characters possess normal traits, yet are described as displaying unusual behaviors. In 1819, John Polidore wrote '''The Vampyre''', a fictional piece that is noted as having introduced modern fictional vampires. The Poet Rudyard Kipling wrote in his '''The Vampire''' in 1897 &quot;To a rag and a bone and a hank of hair,&quot; it is implied that Kipling's vampire is realistic, thus mostly made up. &lt;br&gt; 
&lt;br&gt; 
 '''Tip:''' Typically, humans have four cuspids in their mouth. Two on the bottom, and two on the top left and right side of the mouth. &lt;br&gt;These are the sharpest, longest teeth, they have a pointed edge and have been called &quot;vampire teeth&quot; by some Writers. &lt;br&gt;

'''Question:''' Perhaps Juliet in William Shakespeare's play: Romeo and Juliet could be described by some people as a vampire of the imagination. Does William Shakespeare describe 
physical traits that would support this claim or unusual interpretation? Do the characters act in ways that may influence, or inspire, future imaginative vampire stories?&lt;br&gt;

&lt;br&gt;
 &lt;u&gt;'''TIP:'''&lt;/u&gt; Before creating a vampire character, ask yourself if you want your vampire to reflect stories based in Folklore, gathered from events that happened to actual people, or if you want your vampire to possess character traits from your imagination. Perhaps an imaginary creation with super-human abilities. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Although some vampire tales are centuries old, the vampire is not a fixed archetype, it is flexible and ever-changing. New vampire traits emerge from people who write new vampire stories. Stephenie Meyer is a popular author who has given her vampires the ability   to change their eye color like mood rings, they also have skin that sparkles like diamonds in sunlight. [4] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Many modern vampires have the ability to move at superfast speeds. This may be a new trait made popular through TV shows like Twilight, True Blood, and The Vampire Diaries. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
New vampire traits prove that the vampire mythos continues to expand and evolve. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
=== References: ===

1.Energy vampire. [[https://healthpsychologyconsultancy.wordpress.com/2012/07/13/the-energy-vampire-personality-type/%7Chttps://healthpsychologyconsultancy.wordpress.com/2012/07/13/the-energy-vampire-personality-type/]] wordpress.com Reviewed: 8/19/2022 

2. Five vampire traits that exist in the real world. October 16, 2020. Australiascience.tv [https://australiascience.tv/education/five-vampire-traits-that-exist-in-the-real-world/ five-vampire-traits-that-exist-in-the-real-world/]
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
3. Cuspid. [[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cuspid]] dictionary.com
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
4. Melton, J. Gordon. The Vampire Book: The Encyclopedia of The Undead. Visible Ink Press 2014 &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Cultural Construct|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>ildwtllcx4rybw3789mylhcq5rzdtzt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Dracula Behind Vlad-The Impaler</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>448450</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679237</id>
      <parentid>4678426</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:35:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679237</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4264" sha1="rydwqyoxq14o8msx2oql01m9pc2o6qc" xml:space="preserve">== Dracula Behind Vlad - The Impaler ==
 
Sometimes Writers will mock their times, or the leaders in their society through parody, or through satire. In some countries Writers have the freedom to mock real men in Politics, or of great military influence who seem, in deed, like real monsters. &lt;br&gt;

In History, there are a few real monsters, men who we will remember for their cruelty, or for their massive injustices. This does not appear to be the case with Dracula, a novel character considered &quot;inspired by&quot; Vlad The Impaler. 

Because of Bram Stoker, a popular Irish Writer, Vlad came to be known as the &lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt;original&lt;nowiki&gt;''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Dracula. It is ironic that the fictional character, Dracula, is well known yet the historic man, Vlad, a Prince from a Romanian royal family, is less known. According to one writer / Historian, &quot;...as he wrote Dracula, he borrowed certain aspects of Vlad's life and wove them in with local folklore from the region.&quot; &lt;br&gt;

Vlad, a special Prince of Romania, is a difficult subject to research. His Political influence is greatest in Romania, as is his mythic achievements. Vlad seemed to have influenced local folklore before Bram Stoker wrote his novel, &lt;u&gt;Dracula&lt;/u&gt; in 1897. &lt;br&gt;

Estimates puts the number of people Vlad is rumored to have killed at around 80,000 people. That seems questionable, it seems unlikely for one man to have murdered [directly] a large chunk of the Romanian population. Although it was never rumored by the people who tell, and re-tell folk stories, that Vlad drank blood, he is known as the person behind many bloody impalements and beheadings. &lt;br&gt;

According to Wikipedia.com, &quot;Offences where impalement was occasionally employed included contempt for the state's responsibility for safe roads and trade routes by committing highway robbery or grave robbery, violating state policies or monopolies, or subverting standards for trade. Offenders have also been impaled for a variety of cultural, sexual, and religious reasons.&quot; [[wikipedia:Vlad_the_Impaler|[wiki/Vlad_the_Impaler]]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Vlad's father was a ruler of Wallachia, a territory between the Ottoman Empire and Europe, a country whose modern name is now known as Romania (southern). 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;

|+ 

|-

! 5 Facts About Vlad - The Romanian Prince 

|-

| Father: Vlad Dracul 

|-

| Mother: Cneajna 

|-

| Born: 1428 - 1431 

|-

| Year of Reigns: 1448, 1456 - 1462, 1476 

|-

| Died: December 1476 - January 1477 

|}
&lt;br&gt;
'''&lt;u&gt;Why Create Vampires? Legal Considerations&lt;/u&gt;'''
&lt;br&gt;
For many legal reasons, people are not allowed to poison then legally bury other people alive, nor are people allowed to rob another person's grave. &lt;br&gt;
When we hear about the grim and bloody punishments Vlad- The Impaler inflicted on grave robbers and other lawless thieves, we may start to wonder, why create vampires? &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
It is rumored that Vlad - The Impaler, Prince of Wallachia (a region now known as southern Romania), ran spikey poles through his enemies during the middle of the 14th century. Vlad may have impaled hundreds, worse, many of the impaled were left outside his city on display as a warning to scare off invaders and robbers, including grave robbers! Many folk stories about the Prince of Wallachia circulate where folk stories are written and read. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
When vampire folklore is reviewed, we learn about History, and about people from other cultures, many who struggled with, and for their humanity. We learn of the methods (sometimes bloody) people used to solve problems, and we may wonder how our society would fairly solve our problems while staying humane.  We may also wonder about other folk stories from around the world, such as the zombie-person, the demon-person, or the hungry ghost-person. How does a human get turned into a hungry ghost-person? &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
=== Reference: ===
&lt;u&gt;The World's Most Glorious And Notorious Rulers: The Great And The Terrible And How They Got Their Names&quot;&lt;/u&gt; by JoAnne O'Sullivan. Copyright 2020 by JoAnne O'Sullivan. Published by Running Press Kids, an imprint of Perseus Books, LLC. ISBN: 978-0-7624-9661-7 &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Oceanian Folklore|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>rydwqyoxq14o8msx2oql01m9pc2o6qc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Exercise as it relates to Disease/Daily physical activity and exercise as it relates to COPD</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>448811</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679088</id>
      <parentid>4311373</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:07:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WereSpielChequers</username>
        <id>248949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>c/e</comment>
      <origin>4679088</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8467" sha1="jjvy1z2pdgtirzftnesyq90lk6eqb6l" xml:space="preserve">This WikiBook is a critique of the article: Zwerkin M, Palen J, Valk P, Brusse-Keizer M, Effing T. Relationship between daily physical activity and exercise capacity in patients with COPD. Respiratory medicine. October 22, 2012; Volume 107, issue 2: p242-248.

== What is the background to this research? ==
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a condition that targets the lungs and is one of the main causes of worldwide morbidity and mortality. &lt;ref name=&quot;COPDdiagnosis&quot;&gt;1.	Arne M, Lisspers K, Ställberg B, Boman G, Hedenström H, Janson C, Emtner M. How often is diagnosis of COPD confirmed with spirometry? Respiratory Medicine. November 19, 2009 19; Volume 104, issue 4: p550-556&lt;/ref&gt; It is described as &quot;chronic airflow obstruction that is progressive and only partly reversible&quot;. &lt;ref&gt;Petty T. The history of COPD. National Library of Medicine. March 1, 2006; Volume 1, issue 1: p3-14&lt;/ref&gt; Potential risk factors linked with COPD include tobacco smoking, age, and environmental and occupational exposure. &lt;ref&gt;Kraïm-Leleu M, Lesage FX, Drame M, Lebargy F, Deschamps F. Occupational risk factors for COPD: A case-control study. PLOS. August 3, 2016.&lt;/ref&gt; Treatments and or managements to prevent the casual decline in health associated with COPD involve pharmacological interventions, oxygen therapy, and life-style interventions such as exercise. &lt;ref&gt;Effing T, Zielhuis G, Kerstjens H, Valk P, Palen J. Community based physiotherapeutic exercise in COPD self-management: A randomised controlled trial. Respiratory medicine. October 14, 2010; Volume 105, issue 3: p418-426&lt;/ref&gt;

The chosen study was conducted for the main purpose &quot;to investigate the relation between daily physical activity levels and exercise capacity in patients with COPD&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;&gt;Zwerkin M, Palen J, Valk P, Brusse-Keizer M, Effing T. Relationship between daily physical activity and exercise capacity in patients with COPD. Respiratory medicine. October 22, 2012; Volume 107, issue 2: p242-248&lt;/ref&gt; 159 patients were involved in the study and had a clinical diagnosis of COPD by the definition of GOLD (Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease). &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;/&gt;

This research is critical as COPD is one of the main causes of worldwide morbidity and mortality. &lt;ref name=&quot;COPDdiagnosis&quot;/&gt; Stated in a 2015 study, by Hillas et al., &quot;The World Health Organisation estimates that COPD will be the third most common worldwide cause of death and disability by 2030&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;comorbidities&quot; &gt;Hillas G, Perlikos F, Tsiligianni I, Tzanakis N. Managing comorbidities in COPD. National library of medicine. January 7, 2015; Volume 10: p95-109&lt;/ref&gt; COPD is also linked with other chronic illnesses and patients with COPD have a high chance of obtaining them. &lt;ref name=&quot;comorbidities&quot;/&gt;

== Where is the research from? ==
The experiment was conducted in the Netherlands at the Medisch Spectrum Twente, the hospital of the city Enschede. The corresponding author of the study is Marlies Zwerink, who works at the Medisch Spectrum Twente alongside three out of the four remaining authors of the article. The article had been published by the Respiratory Medicine Journal in 2012, an internationally reputable source, and was funded by the Netherlands Asthma Foundation. &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;/&gt;

== What kind of research was this? ==
The study conducted a randomised controlled trial throughout the experiment, therefore patients were randomly assigned into a control group or a community-based physiotherapeutic exercise program (COPE-active). &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;/&gt; This is a strength to the study as randomised controlled trials are an essential way to collect data and to remove selection bias. &lt;ref name=&quot;RCT&quot;/&gt; As stated by a 2003 article, by Brighton et al., &quot;randomisation is the only method for controlling for known and unknown prognostic factors between two comparison groups&quot;. &lt;ref name =&quot;RCT&quot;&gt;Brighton B, Bhandari M, Tornetta P, Felson D. Hierarchy of evidence: from case reports to randomised controlled trials. Clinical orthopaedics and related research. August 2003; Volume 413, issue 1: p19-24&lt;/ref&gt;

== What did the research involve? ==
159 patients, with a mean age of 63.6 +/- 7.9 years, clinically diagnosed of COPD were included in the study. 80 of those patients being randomised to the COPE-active group and 79 being randomised to the control group. All patients attended four self-management sessions with the main aim of changing their behaviour towards exercise by providing information about the disease. The COPE-active program was split into two different periods, the first one being a compulsory 6-month period where patients trained three times per week. The second period being an optional but recommended 5-month period where patients were encouraged to train two times per week. The training sessions consisted of cycling, walking, stair climbing, and resistance training. &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;/&gt;

Prior to starting, exercise intensity levels for each patient were determined by obtaining baseline results of the incremental maximal cycle ergometer test and the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT). Between 7 and 12 months the ISWT and the endurance shuttle walk test (ESWT) were performed to see the relation between daily physical activity and exercise capacity. Daily physical activity was measured by the use of pedometers and patients were instructed to &quot;note the number of steps in a daily diary, at baseline, 7, and 12 months&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;/&gt;

The methodology implemented shows both strengths and limitations throughout the study. The sample sizing used showed benefits as a large sample size can provide more accurate results. A systematic review, by Bravata M et al., stated that pedometer use has been shown to have benefits. &lt;ref name=&quot;pedometer&quot;/&gt; But whether these benefits progress long term after the experiment is over is yet to be determined. &lt;ref name=&quot;pedometer&quot;&gt;Bravata D, Smith-Spangler C, Sundaram V, et al. Using pedometers to increase physical activity and improve health. JAMA. 2007; Volume 298, issue 19: p2296-2304&lt;/ref&gt; However, a limitation was found with patients having to note their number of steps daily as self-reporting can result in bias or human error.

== What were the basic results? ==
Within the first 7 months the results expressed that ISWT distance, ESWT distance, and ESWT time were shown to be moderately associated with improvements between daily physical activity and exercise capacity (p &lt;0.01 for all). After 12 months the ISWT distance and change in steps per day were the only two variables that showed any statistical significance for improvements between daily physical activity and exercise capacity. Change physical activity and change exercise capacity in the control group was deemed &quot;negligible and not significant&quot;. &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;/&gt;

== What conclusions can we take from this research? ==
Although there were associations found between daily physical activity and exercise capacity, they were only moderate. These results show daily physical activity can increase exercise capacity in patients with COPD, although future research is needed into what tools are best suited for this relationship. The study design has benefits considering the use of randomisation, a large sample size, and pedometers. A limitation has been stated due to the use of self-reporting throughout the study.

== Practical advice ==
Prior to participation in exercise a pre-screening form should completed and overseen by a health professional. A pre-screening form is used to rule out individuals with any known diseases or disease like symptoms to ensure their safety.

Patients diagnosed with COPD should attend self-management sessions with the aim to increase knowledge about consequences of bad behaviour, benefits of good behaviour, and providing skills to manage different issues with the disease. &lt;ref name=&quot;article&quot;/&gt;

== Further information/resources ==
Adult Pre-Exercise Screening System (APSS) Screening Tool and APSS User Guide can be found [https://www.essa.org.au/Public/ABOUT_ESSA/Pre-Exercise_Screening_Systems.aspx here].

Journal article providing information about exercise and COPD can be found [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4933612/ here].

Journal article providing practical recommendations for exercise in patients with COPD can be found [https://err.ersjournals.com/content/22/128/178 here].

== References ==

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>jjvy1z2pdgtirzftnesyq90lk6eqb6l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>461506</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679057</id>
      <parentid>4673188</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:19:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>1188004</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* This Month in Education: October 2026 */ new section</comment>
      <origin>4679057</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="133545" sha1="g4lp4ec7h7xgg93ih28ohp6z6pz77mg" xml:space="preserve">[[Category:Counter-Vandalism Unit Members]]
{{User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ/ꠝꠣꠔ ꠇꠕꠣ}}

== Sourcing ==

Hello and thanks for your recent contributions! I'd just like to note that there are some pages in [[Sylheti]] that don't have any sourcing, despite being about historical/cultural information. Since there are a variety of ways you can add references (e.g. inline citations, reference list at the bottom of the page, etc), I'd like to encourage you to establish a reference style guide for this book to make things easier, and then use that reference method on pages where it applies. Cheers —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 14:14, 18 September 2023 (UTC)

:Hello! Thank you for your message and for pointing it out. I'll work on creating a reference method and start adding sources to pages where it's needed. Cheers! — [[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|contribs]]) 07:27, 19 September 2023 (UTC)

== Cookbook notes ==

Hello and thanks for your cookbook contributions! A couple notes:
* When adding fractions, please use the symbol (e.g. ½ not 1/2). You can find these in the editor.
* Please make sure you are linking to the correct pages when they exist. For example, [[Cookbook:Sweet potatoes]] does not exist but [[Cookbook:Sweet Potato]] is correct. [[Cookbook:Chicken bouillon]] does not exist, but [[Cookbook:Dehydrated Broth]] is correct. Paying attention to capitalization and plurals is often important here.
* Make sure to only capitalize improper nouns at the beginning of a sentence of line, not in the middle. You can see the edits I've made to your recipes as guidance.
* Be mindful of where you put an instruction when listing an ingredient. For example &quot;1 cup coconut, grated&quot; is not the same as &quot;1 cup grated coconut&quot;.

Please let me know if you have any questions! —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 13:18, 4 October 2023 (UTC)

: Hello @[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]], thank you for the feedback and the guidelines for cookbook contributions. I'll make sure to follow these points in my future contributions. If I have any questions, I'll reach out. Thanks again for your help! --[[User:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ]] ([[User talk:ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/ꠢꠣꠍꠘ ꠞꠣꠎꠣ|contribs]]) 21:18, 4 October 2023 (UTC)

== This Month in Education: September 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 7 • September 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Inauguration of the Kent Wiki Club at the Wikimania 2023 Conference|Inauguration of the Kent Wiki Club at the Wikimania 2023 Conference]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Letter Magic: Supercharging Your WikiEducation Programs|Letter Magic: Supercharging Your WikiEducation Programs]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Réseau @pprendre (Learning Network) : The Initiative for Educational Change in Francophone West Africa|Réseau @pprendre (Learning Network) : The Initiative for Educational Change in Francophone West Africa]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/WikiChallenge Ecoles d’Afrique closes its 5th edition with 13 winning schools|WikiChallenge Ecoles d’Afrique closes its 5th edition with 13 winning schools]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/WikiConecta: connecting Brazilian university professors and Wikimedia|WikiConecta: connecting Brazilian university professors and Wikimedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2023/Wikimedia Germany launches interactive event series Open Source AI in Education |Wikimedia Germany launches interactive event series Open Source AI in Education]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 05:01, 10 October 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=25700976 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: October 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;Volume 12 • Issue 8 • October 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/3 Generations at Wikipedia Education Program in Türkiye|3 Generations at Wikipedia Education Program in Türkiye]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/CBSUA Launches Wiki Education in Partnership with PhilWiki Community and Bikol Wikipedia Community|CBSUA Launches Wiki Education in Partnership with PhilWiki Community and Bikol Wikipedia Community]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Celebrating Wikidata’s Birthday in Elbasan|Celebrating Wikidata’s Birthday in Elbasan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Edu Wiki Camp 2023 - together in Sremski Karlovci|Edu Wiki Camp 2023 - together in Sremski Karlovci]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/PhilWiki Community promotes language preservation and cultural heritage advocacies at ADNU|PhilWiki Community promotes language preservation and cultural heritage advocacies at ADNU]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/PunjabWiki Education Program: A Wikipedia Adventure in Punjab|PunjabWiki Education Program: A Wikipedia Adventure in Punjab]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/WikiConference on Education ignites formation of Wikimedia communities|WikiConference on Education ignites formation of Wikimedia communities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Wikimedia Estonia talked about education at CEE meeting in Tbilisi|Wikimedia Estonia talked about education at CEE meeting in Tbilisi]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Wikimedia in Brazil is going to be a book|Wikimedia in Brazil is going to be a book]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2023/Wikipedian Editor Project: Arabic Sounds Workshop 2023|Wikipedian Editor Project: Arabic Sounds Workshop 2023]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 11:34, 8 November 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=25784366 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: November 2023 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 12 • Issue 9 • November 2023&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2023|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2023/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/4th WikiUNAM Editathon: Community knowledge strengthens education|4th WikiUNAM Editathon: Community knowledge strengthens education]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Edit-a-thon at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo|Edit-a-thon at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Santa Casa de São Paulo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/EduWiki Nigeria Community: Embracing Digital Learning Through Wikipedia|EduWiki Nigeria Community: Embracing Digital Learning Through Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Evening Wikischool offers Czech seniors further education on Wikipedia|Evening Wikischool offers Czech seniors further education on Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Expansion of Wikipedia Education Program through Student Associations at Iranian Universities|Expansion of Wikipedia Education Program through Student Associations at Iranian Universities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Exploring Wikipedia through Wikiclubs and the Wikeys board game in Albania |Exploring Wikipedia through Wikiclubs and the Wikeys board game in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/First anniversary of the game Wikeys|First anniversary of the game Wikeys]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Involve visiting students in education programs|Involve visiting students in education programs]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Iranian Students as Wikipedians: Using Wikipedia to Teach Research Methodology and Encyclopedic Writing|Iranian Students as Wikipedians: Using Wikipedia to Teach Research Methodology and Encyclopedic Writing]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Kiwix4Schools Nigeria: Bridging Knowledge Gap through Digital Literacy|Kiwix4Schools Nigeria: Bridging Knowledge Gap through Digital Literacy]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Lire wikipedia en classe à Djougou au Bénin|Lire wikipedia en classe à Djougou au Bénin]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Tyap Wikimedians Zaria Outreach|Tyap Wikimedians Zaria Outreach]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/Art Outreach at Aje Compreshensive Senior High School 1st November 2023, Lagos Mainland|Art Outreach at Aje Comprehensive Senior High School 1st November 2023, Lagos Mainland]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2023/PhilWiki Community holds a meet-up to advocate women empowerment|PhilWiki Community holds a meet-up to advocate women empowerment]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 08:24, 14 December 2023 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=25919737 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: January 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 1 • January 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Cross-Continental Wikimedia Activities: A Dialogue between Malaysia and Estonia|Cross-Continental Wikimedia Activities: A Dialogue between Malaysia and Estonia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Czech programme SWW in 2023 – how have we managed to engage students|Czech programme SWW in 2023 – how have we managed to engage students]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Extending Updates on Wikipedia in Education – Elbasan, Albania|Extending Updates on Wikipedia in Education – Elbasan, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Teacher’s guide – now available in Bulgarian language|Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom Teacher’s guide – now available in Bulgarian language]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Summer students at Auckland Museum|Summer students at Auckland Museum]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/WikiDunong: EduWiki Initiatives in the Philippines Project|WikiDunong: EduWiki Initiatives in the Philippines Project]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Wikimedia Armenia's Educational Workshops|Wikimedia Armenia's Educational Workshops]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2024/Wikimedia Foundation publishes its first Child Rights Impact Assessment|Wikimedia Foundation publishes its first Child Rights Impact Assessment]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 10:02, 10 February 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=26091771 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: February 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 2 • February 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/2 new courses in Students Write Wikipedia Starting this February|2 new courses in Students Write Wikipedia Starting this February]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/More two wiki-education partnerships|More two wiki-education partnerships]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Open Education Week 2024 in Mexico|Open Education Week 2024 in Mexico]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Reading Wikipedia in Bolivia, the community grows|Reading Wikipedia in Bolivia, the community grows]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Wiki Education Philippines promotes OERs utilization|Wiki Education Philippines promotes OERs utilization]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Wiki Loves Librarians, Kaduna|Wiki Loves Librarians, Kaduna]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2024/Wiki Workshop 2024 CfP - Call for Papers Research track|Wiki Workshop 2024 CfP – Call for Papers Research track]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 18:38, 20 March 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=26310117 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: March 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 3 • March 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Reading Wikipedia in the classroom, Kaduna|Reading Wikipedia in the classroom, Kaduna]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Reading Wikipedia in Ukraine – the course for educators is now available on demand|Reading Wikipedia in Ukraine – the course for educators is now available on demand]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Wiki Movement Brazil will once again support the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad|Wiki Movement Brazil will once again support the Brazilian Linguistics Olympiad]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2024/Wikipedia within the Education Setting in Albania|Wikipedia within the Education Setting in Albania]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 07:28, 28 April 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=26659969 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: April 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 4 • April 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/EduWiki Updates From Uganda|EduWiki Updates From Uganda]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/Good news from Bolivia: Reading Wikipedia Program continues in 2024|Good news from Bolivia: Reading Wikipedia Program continues in 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/Hearing Health Project: Impactful partnership with Wiki Movement Brazil|Hearing Health Project: Impactful partnership with Wiki Movement Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2024/Wikimedia Spain, Amical Wikimedia and the University of Valencia develop Wikipedia educational project|Wikimedia Spain, Amical Wikimedia and the University of Valencia develop Wikipedia educational project]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 03:20, 14 May 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=26698909 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: May 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 5 • May 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Albania - Georgia Wikimedia Cooperation 2024|Albania - Georgia Wikimedia Cooperation 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Aleksandër Xhuvani University Editathon in Elbasan|Aleksandër Xhuvani University Editathon in Elbasan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Central Bicol State University of Agriculture LitFest features translation and article writing on Wikipedia|Central Bicol State University of Agriculture LitFest features translation and article writing on Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Empowering Youth Council in Bulqiza through editathons|Empowering Youth Council in Bulqiza through editathons]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/We left a piece of our hearts at Arhavi|We left a piece of our hearts at Arhavi]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Wiki Movimento Brasil at Tech Week and Education Speaker Series |Wiki Movimento Brasil at Tech Week and Education Speaker Series]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2024/Wikimedia MKD trains new users in collaboration with MYLA|Wikimedia MKD trains new users in collaboration with MYLA]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 13:30, 15 June 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=26854161 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: June 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks mw-content-ltr&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 6 • June 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/From a Language Teacher to a Library Support Staff: The Wikimedia Effect|From a Language Teacher to a Library Support Staff: The Wikimedia Effect]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/5th WikiEducation 2024 Conference in Mexico|5th WikiEducation 2024 Conference in Mexico]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Lviv hosted a spring wikischool for Ukrainian high school students|Lviv hosted a spring wikischool for Ukrainian high school students]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/First class of teachers graduated from Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom 2024|First class of teachers graduated from Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Empowering Digital Citizenship: Unlocking the Power of Open Knowledge with Participants of the LIFE Legacy|Empowering Digital Citizenship: Unlocking the Power of Open Knowledge with Participants of the LIFE Legacy]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Wiki Movimento Brazil supports online and in-person courses and launches material to guide educators in using Wikimedia projects |Wiki Movimento Brazil supports online and in-person courses and launches material to guide educators in using Wikimedia projects]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Where to find images for free? Webinar for librarians answered many questions|Where to find images for free? Webinar for librarians answered many questions]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2024/Wikimedia MKD and University of Goce Delchev start a mutual collaboration|Wikimedia MKD and University of Goce Delchev start a mutual collaboration]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 06:58, 9 July 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=27085892 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: August 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 7 • August 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Cross-Cultural Knowledge Sharing: Wikipedia's New Frontier at University of Tehran|Cross-Cultural Knowledge Sharing: Wikipedia's New Frontier at University of Tehran]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Let's Read Wikipedia in Bolivia reaches teachers in Cochabamba|Let's Read Wikipedia in Bolivia reaches teachers in Cochabamba]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Results of the 2023 “Wikipedia for School” Contest in Ukraine|Results of the 2023 “Wikipedia for School” Contest in Ukraine]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Edu Wiki Camp in Serbia, 2024|Edu Wiki Camp in Serbia, 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Wikimedia Human Rights Month this year engaged schools in large amount|Wikimedia Human Rights Month this year engaged schools in large amount]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Strengthening Education Programs at Wikimania 2024: A Global Leap in Collaborative Learning|Strengthening Education Programs at Wikimania 2024: A Global Leap in Collaborative Learning]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Wiki Education programs are featured in a scientific outreach magazine, and Wiki Movimento Brasil offers training for researchers in the Amazon|Wiki Education programs are featured in a scientific outreach magazine, and Wiki Movimento Brasil offers training for researchers in the Amazon]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2024/Wiki Movimento Brasil aims to adapt a game about Wikipedia, organize an academic event for scientific dissemination, and host the XXXIII Wiki-Education Workshop|Wiki Movimento Brasil aims to adapt a game about Wikipedia, organize an academic event for scientific dissemination, and host the XXXIII Wiki-Education Workshop]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 13:22, 11 September 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=27310254 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: October 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 8 • October 2024&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/CBSUA Wiki Education turns 1 year|CBSUA Wiki Education turns 1 year]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/7th Senior WikiTown took place in Becov nad Teplou, Czech Republic|7th Senior WikiTown took place in Becov nad Teplou, Czech Republic]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Edit-a-thon about Modern Architecture in Kosovo|Edit-a-thon about Modern Architecture in Kosovo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Edu_Wiki_in_South_Sudan:_Creating_a_better_future_in_education|Empowering Digital Literacy through Wikimedia in South Sudan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Many new articles and contributions in September and October for Wikimedia MKD|Many new articles and contributions in September and October for Wikimedia MKD]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/New Record: 5 Events in Municipal Library within a Month |New Record: 5 Events in Municipal Library within a Month]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Wiki-Education programs in Brazil are centered around the Wikidata and Wikisource platforms|Wiki-Education programs in Brazil are centered around the Wikidata and Wikisource platforms]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/WikiChallenge African Schools wins the “Open Pedagogy” Award 2024 from OE Global|WikiChallenge African Schools wins the “Open Pedagogy” Award 2024 from OE Global]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Wikipedia helps in improving cognitive skills|Wikipedia helps in improving cognitive skills]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/Wikipedia in Graduate Studies: Expanding Research Impact|Wikipedia in Graduate Studies: Expanding Research Impact]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2024/WiLMa PH establishes a Wiki Club|WiLMa PH establishes a Wiki Club]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 14:57, 12 November 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=27733413 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: November 2024 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 13 • Issue 9 • November 2024&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2024|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2024/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Auckland Museum Wikipedia Student Programme|Auckland Museum Wikipedia Student Programme]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Citizenship and free knowledge on Wikipedia in Albanian language|Citizenship and free knowledge on Wikipedia in Albanian language]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Engaging students with Wikipedia and Wikidata at Hasanuddin University’s Wikimedia Week|Engaging students with Wikipedia and Wikidata at Hasanuddin University’s Wikimedia Week]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Minigrant initiative by empowering the Rrëshen community in Albania|Minigrant initiative by empowering the Rrëshen community in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikidata birthday in Albania, 2024|Wikidata birthday in Albania, 2024]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikidata birthday in School |Wikidata birthday in School]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikimedia Education Workshop at Lumbini Technological University|Wikimedia Education Workshop at Lumbini Technological University]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Wikimedia MKD's new collaborations and new content|Wikimedia MKD's new collaborations and new content]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2024/Improving Historical Knowledge on Persian Wikipedia through a continuous Wikimedia Education Program: Shahid Beheshti University Wikipedia Education Program|Improving Historical Knowledge on Persian Wikipedia through a continuous Wikimedia Education Program: Shahid Beheshti University Wikipedia Education Program]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:13, 10 December 2024 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=27879342 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: January 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 1 • January 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Advancing Education Pillar in Kosovo: 2024 Journey|Advancing Education Pillar in Kosovo: 2024 Journey]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Auckland Museum Wikipedia Students Making Progress|Auckland Museum Wikipedia Students Making Progress]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Celebrating 10 Years of Wiki Education|Celebrating 10 Years of Wiki Education]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Empowering Multilingual Students: Expanding Wikipedia Through Collaboration of foreign languages faculty's students of the University of Tehran|Empowering Multilingual Students: Expanding Wikipedia Through Collaboration of foreign languages faculty's students of the University of Tehran]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Ensuring accurate and authentic information with 1Lib1Ref Campaign in Anambra|Ensuring accurate and authentic information with 1Lib1Ref Campaign in Anambra]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Experiences of Wikipedia in the classroom with a gender perspective in Monterrey |Experiences of Wikipedia in the classroom with a gender perspective in Monterrey]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Fine Arts University Students exploring Wikipedia in Tirana, Albania|Fine Arts University Students exploring Wikipedia in Tirana, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Lviv hosted Ukraine’s first student photo walk for Wikipedia|Lviv hosted Ukraine’s first student photo walk for Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Many new trained volunteers and new articles at the end of the year in Macedonia|Many new trained volunteers and new articles at the end of the year in Macedonia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Wikimedia and Scientific Events in Brazil|Wikimedia and Scientific Events in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2025/Wiki Workshop- Call for Contributions|Wiki Workshop- Call for Contributions]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:56, 5 February 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=28111205 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: February 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 2 • February 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Activities series at the Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania|Activities series at the Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wikimedia Brazil has formed a partnership with a public policy research institute|Wikimedia Brazil has formed a partnership with a public policy research institute]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Preserving Heritage: Tuluvas Aati Month Educational Wikimedia Programs|Preserving Heritage: Tuluvas Aati Month Educational Wikimedia Programs]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Reflecting on our Past: Farewell to the Auckland Museum Summer Students|Reflecting on our Past: Farewell to the Auckland Museum Summer Students]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Successful Conclusion of the Second Phase of &quot;Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom&quot; in Yemen|Successful Conclusion of the Second Phase of &quot;Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom&quot; in Yemen]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wiki Workshop in Mitrovica |Wiki Workshop in Mitrovica]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wikimedia MKD' Education: Lots of new trained users, lots of new articles|Wikimedia MKD' Education: Lots of new trained users, lots of new articles]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2025/Wikimedia Serbia receives accreditation from the National Library of Serbia for the Wiki Senior seminar|Wikimedia Serbia receives accreditation from the National Library of Serbia for the Wiki Senior seminar]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 09:04, 12 March 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=28314249 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: March 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 3 • March 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/A Whole New World: Research Findings on New Editor Integration in Serbian Wikipedia|A Whole New World: Research Findings on New Editor Integration in Serbian Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Bolivia: a new round of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia|Bolivia: a new round of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Faculty of Social Sciences Workshop in Albania|Faculty of Social Sciences Workshop in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Lots of contributions and trainings as part of Wikimedia MKD's Education Programme|Lots of contributions and trainings as part of Wikimedia MKD's Education Programme]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2025/Wikimedia organized multiple events of science and education in Brazil during the month of March|Wikimedia organized multiple events of science and education in Brazil during the month of March]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:04, 10 April 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=28458563 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: April 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 4 • April 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Ceremony of giving certificates and awarding the winners of the edit-a-thon: Meet Slovenia|Ceremony of giving certificates and awarding the winners of the edit-a-thon: Meet Slovenia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/The Workshops Wikimedia &amp; Education are back in Brazil|The Workshops Wikimedia &amp; Education are back in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/EduWiki Nigeria: Advancing Digital Literacy in Schools|EduWiki Nigeria: Advancing Digital Literacy in Schools]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Empowering the Next Generation: Wikidata Training at Federal Government Boys College, FGBC Abuja|Empowering the Next Generation: Wikidata Training at Federal Government Boys College, FGBC Abuja]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Final Wikipedia project with Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania|Final Wikipedia project with Shefit Hekali school in Peqin, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Teachers who graduated from the Leamos Wikipedia program in Bolivia become mentors for their colleagues |Teachers who graduated from the Leamos Wikipedia program in Bolivia become mentors for their colleagues]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Wikivoyage in Has region, Northern Albania|Wikivoyage in Has region, Northern Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2025/Wikivoyage workshop in Bulqiza|Wikivoyage workshop in Bulqiza]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 02:49, 10 May 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=28656387 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: May 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 5 • May 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Journalism students at Aleksandër Xhuvani University explore Wikipedia in Albania|Journalism students at Aleksandër Xhuvani University explore Wikipedia in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Reviewing pending articles editathon with high school students in Albania|Reviewing pending articles editathon with high school students in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Several educational workshops to promote science on Wiki were held in Brazil in the month of May|Several educational workshops to promote science on Wiki were held in Brazil in the month of May]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Simón Bolívar Teacher Training College joins the Let's Read Wikipedia Program|Simón Bolívar Teacher Training College joins the Let's Read Wikipedia Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Students become Editors: Wikimedia Chile launches Latin America's first Vikidia Workshop|Students become Editors: Wikimedia Chile launches Latin America's first Vikidia Workshop]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/The DemocraTICon competition was held, this year for the first time with a discipline focused on Wikipedia |The DemocraTICon competition was held, this year for the first time with a discipline focused on Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2025/Wikimedia MKD's &quot;Lajka&quot; workshop in Skopje|Wikimedia MKD's &quot;Lajka&quot; workshop in Skopje]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 02:58, 28 May 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=28771448 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: June 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 6 • June 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Albanian high school students at the Wikimedia Youth Conference 2025 in Prague|Albanian high school students at the Wikimedia Youth Conference 2025 in Prague]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Bolivia has 20 new teachers graduated from the Let's Read Wikipedia in the Classroom program|Bolivia has 20 new teachers graduated from the Let's Read Wikipedia in the Classroom program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Brazil was present at the EduWiki Conference 2025 in Bogota|Brazil was present at the EduWiki Conference 2025 in Bogota]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Does Wikipedia has future in the times of Chat-GPT|Does Wikipedia has future in the times of Chat-GPT]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/PhilWiki Community promotes accessible multilingual stories for children|PhilWiki Community promotes accessible multilingual stories for children]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Reading and Editing Wikipedia in a Bangladeshi College|Reading and Editing Wikipedia in a Bangladeshi College]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Wikimedia MKD's Workshops in June|Wikimedia MKD's Workshops in June]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2025/Wikipedia meets 2500 Ukrainian educators at the country’s biggest education festival|Wikipedia meets 2500 Ukrainian educators at the country’s biggest education festival]]

&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 07:19, 27 June 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=28903832 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: July 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 7 • July 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Crafting Impactful Education Newsletters: Shared Insights from EduWiki 2025|Crafting Impactful Education Newsletters: Shared Insights from EduWiki 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Educational Outreach with Youth Centers in Albania|Educational Outreach with Youth Centers in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Discussing educational resources at WikiCon Brasil 2025|Discussing educational resources at WikiCon Brasil 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Enhancing Mobile-Friendly Contribution in Wikimedia Education Programs|Enhancing Mobile-Friendly Contribution in Wikimedia Education Programs]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/The second semester of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia with challenges and learning|The second semester of Leamos Wikipedia begins in Bolivia with challenges and learning]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/When Travel Fails, Learning Continues: A Reflection from EduWiki 2025 |When Travel Fails, Learning Continues: A Reflection from EduWiki 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Wiki club in Kumanovo - the newest Wiki club of Wikimedia MKD|Wiki club in Kumanovo - the newest Wiki club of Wikimedia MKD]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Jaroslav Mašek: How KISK FF MU students used AI to write Wikipedia|Jaroslav Mašek: How KISK FF MU students used AI to write Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2025/Various programmes up and rolling with Charles University Prague|Various programmes up and rolling with Charles University Prague]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 03:01, 1 August 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=29005310 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: August 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 8 • August 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Bootcamp Wikipedia in Classroom|Bootcamp Wikipedia in Classroom]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Brazil launches campaign about Open Science on Wiki|Brazil launches campaign about Open Science on Wiki]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Breaking Barriers: Yoruba Wikipedia Fan Club Offa's Historic Wins|Breaking Barriers: Yoruba Wikipedia Fan Club Offa's Historic Wins]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Emerging Voices in Free Knowledge: The Journey of Wiki Club SATI|Emerging Voices in Free Knowledge: The Journey of Wiki Club SATI]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/From a Curious Student to a Wikimedia Leader|From a Curious Student to a Wikimedia Leader]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/From webinars to conferences: Wikimedia Ukraine’s approach to events for educators|From webinars to conferences: Wikimedia Ukraine’s approach to events for educators]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Higher education with Wikipedia in Spain|Higher education with Wikipedia in Spain]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Scientific Contribution from Serbia: Wikipedia in Education Research Published in a Prestigious Journal|Scientific Contribution from Serbia: Wikipedia in Education Research Published in a Prestigious Journal]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Teachers with Wikipedia. What if we create a Spanish-speaking collaboration network|Teachers with Wikipedia. What if we create a Spanish-speaking collaboration network]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/The brains behind Wikipedia|The brains behind Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Why EduWiki Should Be Considered by Policymakers|Why EduWiki Should Be Considered by Policymakers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikimedia Chile in Visviri: Free knowledge and education at Chile’s starting point|Wikimedia Chile in Visviri: Free knowledge and education at Chile’s starting point]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikipedia as a tool presented at Media Education Summer School for Teachers|Wikipedia as a tool presented at Media Education Summer School for Teachers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wikipedia vs AI at La Trobe University|Wikipedia vs AI at La Trobe University]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/St Aloysius University – Wikipedia training session for newcomers|St Aloysius University – Wikipedia training session for newcomers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Wiki Loves Academics, WUGN Kaduna|Wiki Loves Academics, WUGN Kaduna]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/In Just 3 Minutes: The Power of Wiki Education|In Just 3 Minutes: The Power of Wiki Education]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2025/Sensing Cebu: Fieldnotes of an Academic as a Wiki Volunteer|Sensing Cebu: Fieldnotes of an Academic as a Wiki Volunteer]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:16, 2 September 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=29205629 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: September 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 9 • September 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Brazil organizes seminar to discuss open science and scientific dissemination|Brazil organizes seminar to discuss open science and scientific dissemination]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/CBSUA Recognizes Wiki Training Completers, Awards Feminism &amp; Folklore 2025 Winners|CBSUA Recognizes Wiki Training Completers, Awards Feminism &amp; Folklore 2025 Winners]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/2nd International Conference on Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures Mexico 2025|2nd International Conference on Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures Mexico 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Accredited seminar for teachers in Veliko Gradište|Accredited seminar for teachers in Veliko Gradište]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Breaking Barriers, Why open Knowledge matters|Breaking Barriers, Why open Knowledge matters]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Cross-Continental Knowledge Exchange: Offa Youth Impact Initiative and St Aloysius University in 3D Education Outreach |Cross-Continental Knowledge Exchange: Offa Youth Impact Initiative and St Aloysius University in 3D Education Outreach]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Igbo Language Audio Project in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club IMSU &amp; Alvan|Igbo Language Audio Project in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club IMSU &amp; Alvan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Let's Read Wikipedia reached teachers of the Weenhayek indigenous nation in Bolivia|Let's Read Wikipedia reached teachers of the Weenhayek indigenous nation in Bolivia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Monográfico sobre Wikipedia en el aula, Revista Docere|Monograph on Wikipedia in the classroom, Docere Magazine]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/The Third Training Course of the “Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” Program in Jordan|The Third Training Course of the “Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom” Program in Jordan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/The Ukrainian Educators’ Wikimedia Conference 2025|The Ukrainian Educators’ Wikimedia Conference 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Wikimedia MKD's edit-a-thon: Lakes|Wikimedia MKD's edit-a-thon: Lakes]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Cultura libre en las aulas|Free culture in the classroom]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2025/Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki clubs|Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki clubs]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 15:10, 2 October 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=29344785 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: October 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 10 • October 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/&quot;WikiDonne Internship: Wikimedia Platforms for Open Education and Inclusive Culture!&quot; winner at the Open Education Awards 2025|&quot;WikiDonne Internship: Wikimedia Platforms for Open Education and Inclusive Culture!&quot; winner at the Open Education Awards 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/A Proud Chapter in My Wikimedia Journey 🇳🇬: From Editor to Organizer|A Proud Chapter in My Wikimedia Journey 🇳🇬: From Editor to Organizer]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Debating open science and scientific dissemination in Brazil|Debating open science and scientific dissemination in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Enhancing Academic Articles on Wikipedia with the State University of Jakarta|Enhancing Academic Articles on Wikipedia with the State University of Jakarta]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/India’s Students and Educators Lead the Way in the Wiki Science Competition 2025|India’s Students and Educators Lead the Way in the Wiki Science Competition 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/JDACA &amp; Amman Arab University|JDACA &amp; Amman Arab University]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/New starting page for Wikipedia users had been launched in September|New starting page for Wikipedia users had been launched in September]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Teaching Evidence Synthesis Automation with the Wikipedia–Kaggle Dataset|Teaching Evidence Synthesis Automation with the Wikipedia–Kaggle Dataset]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikimedia MKD’s Education Program activities for October|Wikimedia MKD’s Education Program activities for October]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikimedia Serbia prepares eight annual Edu Wiki camp|Wikimedia Serbia prepares eight annual Edu Wiki camp]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2025/Wikivoyage editathon in Peshkopia, Albania|Wikivoyage editathon in Peshkopia, Albania]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 06:05, 2 November 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=29511272 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: November 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 11 • November 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/November 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Auckland Museum's Wiki Summer Student Programme is back for 2025 &amp; 2026|Auckland Museum's Wiki Summer Student Programme is back for 2025 &amp; 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Edu Wiki camp 2025 in Belgrade, Serbia|Edu Wiki camp 2025 in Belgrade, Serbia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wikidata na Escola: estudantes da zona rural de Minas Gerais contribuem com dados sobre mulheres negras brasileiras|Wikidata na Escola: estudantes da zona rural de Minas Gerais contribuem com dados sobre mulheres negras brasileiras]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/190 students from Oteitza Lizeoa create 48 articles on the history of the Basque Country for Txikipedia in one day|190 students from Oteitza Lizeoa create 48 articles on the history of the Basque Country for Txikipedia in one day]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/2nd International Congress Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures – WECUDI|2nd International Congress Wikimedia, Education, and Digital Cultures – WECUDI]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Africa and Proud Leads Wiki Classroom Project Across Three Nigerian States|Africa and Proud Leads Wiki Classroom Project Across Three Nigerian States]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/November 2025November 2025/Annual Czech Wiki Conference took place on Saturday, Nov 8th|November 2025November 2025/Annual Czech Wiki Conference took place on Saturday, Nov 8th]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/EduWiki Meetup at GLAM Wiki Conference 2025|EduWiki Meetup at GLAM Wiki Conference 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Highly productive autumn education activities in Macedonia|Highly productive autumn education activities in Macedonia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Kannada Wikipedia Asian Month 2025: Edit-a-thon &amp; Workshop Highlights from Loyola College, Karnataka|Kannada Wikipedia Asian Month 2025: Edit-a-thon &amp; Workshop Highlights from Loyola College, Karnataka]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Kosovo Wikivoyage Editathons in Gjakova and Krusha e Madhe|Kosovo Wikivoyage Editathons in Gjakova and Krusha e Madhe]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Ukrainian educators create open lesson plans based on the «Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom» course|Ukrainian educators create open lesson plans based on the «Reading Wikipedia in the Classroom» course]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary – University of Nueva Caceres joins Wikisource Training|United Architects of the Philippines Student Auxiliary – University of Nueva Caceres joins Wikisource Training]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Videos on Teaching Experiences with Wikipedia, Wikidata, Commons, and OSM|Videos on Teaching Experiences with Wikipedia, Wikidata, Commons, and OSM]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki as a tool for technological empowerment of indigenous knowledge|Wiki as a tool for technological empowerment of indigenous knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki Science Competition in Albania and Kosovo|Wiki Science Competition in Albania and Kosovo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wiki Workshop 2026 Call for Contributions|Wiki Workshop 2026 Call for Contributions]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Wikipedia Contribution with Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Students in Kosovo|Wikipedia Contribution with Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Students in Kosovo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/November 2025/Impact of Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki Clubs in Growth of Wikimedia User Group Rwanda Community|Impact of Wikimedia Rwanda Wiki Clubs in Growth of Wikimedia User Group Rwanda Community]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 13:47, 30 November 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=29716809 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: December 2025 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 14 • Issue 12 • December 2025&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/December 2025|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/December 2025/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WikiLatih Wiktionary with the Goethe-Institut: Strengthening the Digital Presence of Indonesia’s Local Languages|WikiLatih Wiktionary with the Goethe-Institut: Strengthening the Digital Presence of Indonesia’s Local Languages]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Wiki in schools - Architecture and Open Heritage|Wiki in schools - Architecture and Open Heritage]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/What are the challenges and opportunities in scientific dissemination? Reflecting on the topic in the Brazilian context|What are the challenges and opportunities in scientific dissemination? Reflecting on the topic in the Brazilian context]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WikipediaxAI: Wikipedia, AI, and the future of knowledge|WikipediaxAI: Wikipedia, AI, and the future of knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Wikipedia at University Another year of working alongside higher education institutions in Argentina|Wikipedia at University Another year of working alongside higher education institutions in Argentina]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/WAM - Tulu Edit-a-thon &amp; Workshop in St Aloysius University |WAM - Tulu Edit-a-thon &amp; Workshop in St Aloysius University]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Visibilizando memórias negras: estudantes da UFRGS ampliam a Wikipédia com foco na imprensa e no associativismo pós-abolição|Visibilizando memórias negras: estudantes da UFRGS ampliam a Wikipédia com foco na imprensa e no associativismo pós-abolição]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Transforming Education Through Wikimedia in Kosovo: 2025|Transforming Education Through Wikimedia in Kosovo: 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/New WikiClubs and educational partnership in Albania|New WikiClubs and educational partnership in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/New WikiClub with the Dibra Youth Center in Albania|New WikiClub with the Dibra Youth Center in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Landmark Educational Initiatives and Wikimedia Programs Transform Learning in 2025|Landmark Educational Initiatives and Wikimedia Programs Transform Learning in 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/December 2025/Knowledge in the Digital Age: A WMUK Collaborative Workshop|Knowledge in the Digital Age: A WMUK Collaborative Workshop]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 14:22, 17 December 2025 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=29814101 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: January 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 1 • January 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/January 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Strengthening Wikimedia Education and Digital Literacy in 2026|Strengthening Wikimedia Education and Digital Literacy in 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Dzongkha Wikipedia Education Program in Bhutan|Dzongkha Wikipedia Education Program in Bhutan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Wikipedia Education Program - Train The Trainer in Nepal|Wikipedia Education Program – Train The Trainer in Nepal]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Wikipedia 25 celebration in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club Alvan and IMSU|Wikipedia 25 celebration in the Igbo Wiki Fan Club Alvan and IMSU]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/CBSUA boosts Open Knowledge and Local Culture through expanded Wiki Education Program|CBSUA boosts Open Knowledge and Local Culture through expanded Wiki Education Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/WikiChallenge African Schools: Young voices, real impact, and continued (reasonable) growth|WikiChallenge African Schools: Young voices, real impact, and continued (reasonable) growth]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Updates on Auckland Museum Summer Student Programme|Updates on Auckland Museum Summer Student Programme]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Stronger and bolder Wikiforhumanrights 2025 in Anambra Network|Stronger and bolder Wikiforhumanrights 2025 in Anambra Network]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Official Opening of IFAK Secondary School Wiki Club: Engaging Youth in Learning Through Open Knowledge|Official Opening of IFAK Secondary School Wiki Club: Engaging Youth in Learning Through Open Knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Greetings from the Jeronim de Rada WikiClub in Elbasan, Albania, for Christmas 2025|Greetings from the Jeronim de Rada WikiClub in Elbasan, Albania, for Christmas 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Great and productive final activities of 2025 Wikimedia MKD education programme|Great and productive final activities of 2025 Wikimedia MKD education programme]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/Envisioning an Open Future together - WikiForAll|Envisioning an Open Future together – WikiForAll]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A look back: reviewing the main education activities in Brazil in 2025|A look back: reviewing the main education activities in Brazil in 2025]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A 147-Year-Old Institution Celebrates 25 Years of Wikipedia: St Aloysius University and the Spirit of Open Knowledge|A 147-Year-Old Institution Celebrates 25 Years of Wikipedia: St Aloysius University and the Spirit of Open Knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/¡Celebrando 25 años de conocimiento libre! El Proyecto &quot;25x25&quot; llega a las aulas de Córdoba, Argentina|Celebrating 25 years of free knowledge! The '25x25' Project reaches the classrooms of Córdoba, Argentina]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/January 2026/A atuação em rede da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora para a difusão do conhecimento livre na Wikipédia|The collaborative efforts of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora for the dissemination of free knowledge on Wikipedia]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 18:26, 28 January 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=29951116 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: February 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 2 • February 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/February 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Cairo University Spanish Language Volunteers document Madrid’s Historic and Contemporary Palaces|Cairo University Spanish Language Volunteers document Madrid’s Historic and Contemporary Palaces]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Celebrating 25 Years of Wikipedia in Uzbekistan|Celebrating 25 Years of Wikipedia in Uzbekistan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Encontro da Rede Latino Americana de Inteligência Artificial Feminista: construindo futuros possíveis|Meeting of the Latin American Network of Feminist Artificial Intelligence: building possible futures]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Farewelling the Auckland Museum Summer Students|Farewelling the Auckland Museum Summer Students]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Inclusive Climate Learning with Wikimedia Reaches Special School in Kumasi|Inclusive Climate Learning with Wikimedia Reaches Special School in Kumasi]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Introducing Wikimedia in Academic curriculum for students of higher education in universities of Telangana |Introducing Wikimedia in Academic curriculum for students of higher education in universities of Telangana]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Learning from Finland: Edit-a-thon on Finnish Education set to take place in Belgrade|Learning from Finland: Edit-a-thon on Finnish Education set to take place in Belgrade]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Library of IME-USP Workshop: Edits in History of Mathematics|Library of IME-USP Workshop: Edits in History of Mathematics]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/LitFest 2026: Room to Dream to amplify local voices across Wikimedia|LitFest 2026: Room to Dream to amplify local voices across Wikimedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/New online workshops for the German language Wikipedia|New online workshops for the German language Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Road to Wiki Cohort 1: Building India's Next Generation of Wikimedia Technical Contributors|Road to Wiki Cohort 1: Building India's Next Generation of Wikimedia Technical Contributors]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/The history of the Wikimedia movement in a Brazil: a book about stories and projects|The history of the Wikimedia movement in a Brazil: a book about stories and projects]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Club Federal Government Boys College Celebrates Mother Tongue Day|Wiki Club Federal Government Boys College Celebrates Mother Tongue Day]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Club Minalabac joins Freedom to Read 2026: One World, Many Languages|Wiki Club Minalabac joins Freedom to Read 2026: One World, Many Languages]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Love Folklore Photowalk at Khajuraho Dance Festival 2026|Wiki Love Folklore Photowalk at Khajuraho Dance Festival 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wiki Loves Fish Workshop Empowers Students to Document Coastal Biodiversity|Wiki Loves Fish Workshop Empowers Students to Document Coastal Biodiversity]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/WikiCendekia 2026: Insights from our training of admins in Indonesia|WikiCendekia 2026: Insights from our training of admins in Indonesia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wikimedia MKD's activities- new wiki club and a lots of new training workshops|Wikimedia MKD's activities- new wiki club and a lots of new training workshops]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/WikiPatrimoine Senghor : Valorisation du patrimoine culturel africain à l'Université Senghor|WikiPatrimoine Senghor : Valuation of African cultural heritage at the University Senghor]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/February 2026/Wikipedia Turns 25: Young Voices, Big Future|Wikipedia Turns 25: Young Voices, Big Future]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 11:56, 3 March 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=30155806 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: March 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 3 • March 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/March 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona|Advancing 21st-Century Education: Proposal to Establish the Yorùbá Wikipedia Fan Club at Arolu College of Education, Ilemona]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG|Awareness Programme on Language and Culture Protection by KWUG]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources|Teachers from Various Institutions in Rio de Janeiro Explore Wikipedia as a Means of Preserving Memory and Checking Sources]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe|Edu Wiki Nigeria Co-Founder Facilitates Textbook Donation to AHAJAS Integrated School, Gombe]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program|Inside Wikimedia Ukraine's education program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026|Karavali Wikimedians at Mangaluru Design Summit 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up|One School, One Article Campaign Wrap Up]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN|Seeds of Knowledge: A Wiki Project that Sparked a Community at ADUN]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology|Student workshops at Serbian Universities: enriching Wikipedia with topics on culture and technology]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries|The Open Knowledge Alliance: Wikimedia and Libraries]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners|Wikimedia CR published updated guide for beginners]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil|Wikimedia goes back to the classroom in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI|Workshop on Feminism and Folklore 2026 by Wiki Club SATI]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities|“Wikimedia MKD in Action: Teacher Conferences and Education Activities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/March 2026/Wikipedia &amp; Libraries: Building New Contributors|Wikipedia &amp; Libraries: Building New Contributors]]

&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 10:21, 1 April 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=30317659 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: April 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 4 • April 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/April 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update|Empowering Knowledge: Wikimedia MKD Education Update]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh|WikiScholar: A School-Level Initiative to Promote Free Knowledge in Bangladesh]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War|Wikipedia for School 2025–2026: A Competition That Continued Despite Frost, Power Outages, and War]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course|Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful delivery new media literacy teacher training course]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools|Wikimedia CR supporting SDG's in Czech schools]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia|University Students’ Mandatory Internships at Wikimedia Armenia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania|Third year of collaboration with Aleksandër Xhuvani University in Elbasan, Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan|Students Discover Open Source and Learn Wikipedia and Wikidata Skills for the First Time in Zarqa, Jordan]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria|Leveraging on Wikipedia as a tool for curbing Health Misinformation and Disinformation in Akwa Ibom and Rivers State, Nigeria]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites|Governance and Public Knowledge: Wikipedia as a Learning Tool in Sustainability Education through UNESCO Designated Sites]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/April 2026/A month full of encounters with students in Brazil|A month full of encounters with students in Brazil]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 16:01, 27 April 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=30406002 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: May 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 5 • May 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/May 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Teaching innovation with Wikimedia. Shared experiences in Spanish Universities|Teaching innovation with Wikimedia. Shared experiences in Spanish Universities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Editing Wikipedia with Viktor Hygo High School in Albania|Editing Wikipedia with Viktor Hygo High School in Albania]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Debating free license in Brazil|Debating free license in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Microclimatic Explainers: A short-form media approach to build micro-level environmental awareness in India|Microclimatic Explainers: A short-form media approach to build micro-level environmental awareness in India]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Ukraine publishes the first academic collection of papers on Wikipedia and Wikimedia Projects|Ukraine publishes the first academic collection of papers on Wikipedia and Wikimedia Projects]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wiki Digital Youth Club Launches in Tanzania: Youth Build Digital Skills Through Competitive Quest Challenges|Wiki Digital Youth Club Launches in Tanzania: Youth Build Digital Skills Through Competitive Quest Challenges]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wiki Youth Participation in Building Rwanda’s Open Knowledge Ecosystem|Wiki Youth Participation in Building Rwanda’s Open Knowledge Ecosystem]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikimedia Digi-Youth Club in Nigeria|Wikimedia Digi-Youth Club in Nigeria]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikimedia MKD's Education News &amp; Activities|Wikimedia MKD's Education News &amp; Activities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/May 2026/Wikipedia Serbia's interns and Wiki Ambassadors provide crucial support towards end of the school year|Wikipedia Serbia's interns and Wiki Ambassadors provide crucial support towards end of the school year]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 16:53, 1 June 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=30604297 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: June 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 6 • June 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/June 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Wikipedia Editathon at Dinajpur Govt. College: Empowering Graduate Students in the Open Knowledge Movement|Wikipedia Editathon at Dinajpur Govt. College: Empowering Graduate Students in the Open Knowledge Movement]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Wikimedia Serbia prepares for Edu Wiki camp 2026|Wikimedia Serbia prepares for Edu Wiki camp 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Wiki Digi-Youth Clubs pilot explores challenge-based learning across three countries|Wiki Digi-Youth Clubs pilot explores challenge-based learning across three countries]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Why the EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Matters for the Future of Education|Why the EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Matters for the Future of Education]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Portuguese Universities adopt free knowledge tools: Wikipedia is the favorite|Portuguese Universities adopt free knowledge tools: Wikipedia is the favorite]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Translating on Wikipedia used as extra – credit assignment in University of Prishtina, Kosovo|Translating on Wikipedia used as extra – credit assignment in University of Prishtina, Kosovo]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Strengthening Wikimedia Education Through Community Learning and Digital Literacy Initiatives|Strengthening Wikimedia Education Through Community Learning and Digital Literacy Initiatives]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Small Group, Big Impact: Building Skills Through the Wikimedia Volunteer Focus Group in Botswana|Small Group, Big Impact: Building Skills Through the Wikimedia Volunteer Focus Group in Botswana]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/&quot;25x25 Project – Celebrating Wikipedia&quot; in Córdoba, Argentina|&quot;25x25 Project – Celebrating Wikipedia&quot; in Córdoba, Argentina]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Mapping and gathering educational activities on Wiki in Brazilian universities|Mapping and gathering educational activities on Wiki in Brazilian universities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Growing Wiki Education in the Philippines: Highlights from Bikol WikiConference 2026|Growing Wiki Education in the Philippines: Highlights from Bikol WikiConference 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/From Mentee to Builder: Six Months in the EduWiki Hub Mentorship Program|From Mentee to Builder: Six Months in the EduWiki Hub Mentorship Program]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/EduWiki Hub publishes its first Community Newsletter|EduWiki Hub publishes its first Community Newsletter]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Click, Capture, and Contribute: Scaling Open Knowledge Through Mobile Photography|Click, Capture, and Contribute: Scaling Open Knowledge Through Mobile Photography]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Education in Action: Limkokwing School Adoption Program 2026 and Wikimedia Learning Outcomes|Education in Action: Limkokwing School Adoption Program 2026 and Wikimedia Learning Outcomes]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/June 2026/Impact of Wiki Digi youth Clubs initiative in education of Rwanda|Impact of Wiki Digi youth Clubs initiative in education of Rwanda]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 04:16, 28 June 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=30725833 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: July 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 7 • July 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/July 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Practical Wikipedia Training for Teachers Held in Tetovo, Macedonia|Practical Wikipedia Training for Teachers Held in Tetovo, Macedonia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Wikimedia Ukraine at the Teachers of the Future Festival|Wikimedia Ukraine at the Teachers of the Future Festival]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Six Months of Growth, Learning, and Impact: My Journey as an EduWiki Mentor|Six Months of Growth, Learning, and Impact: My Journey as an EduWiki Mentor]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/PhilWiki Community pays homage to Antoine de Saint-Exupéry at Wikimania Paris 2026|PhilWiki Community pays homage to Antoine de Saint-Exupéry at Wikimania Paris 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Google25 Expands Tamil Wikipedia Community|Google25 Expands Tamil Wikipedia Community]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Edu Wiki camp gathers Serbian youth around the topic of open knowledge|Edu Wiki camp gathers Serbian youth around the topic of open knowledge]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Cátedra Glaciares: A Collaborative Experience for the Study and Conservation of Colombia’s Cryosphere|Cátedra Glaciares: A Collaborative Experience for the Study and Conservation of Colombia’s Cryosphere]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Continuing Wiki education partnerships in Brazil|Continuing Wiki education partnerships in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/Building EduWiki in Albania: From school outreach to student contributions in Wikimedia projects|Building EduWiki in Albania: From school outreach to student contributions in Wikimedia projects]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/1Lib1Ref WUGN Kaduna, 2026|1Lib1Ref WUGN Kaduna, 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/July 2026/We create the first master class on access to knowledge and open technology in collaboration with National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM|We create the first master class on access to knowledge and open technology in collaboration with National Autonomous University of Mexico, UNAM]]

&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 19:48, 30 July 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=30838310 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: August 2026 ==

&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 8 • August 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/August 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Coordinating Wikimedia's Presence in Iraqi Universities|Coordinating Wikimedia's Presence in Iraqi Universities]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/The EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Is Now Available in Spanish|The EduWiki Hub Starter Kit Is Now Available in Spanish]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Wiki and democracy campaign launches in Brazil|Wiki and democracy campaign launches in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Wiki Clubs strengthen youth participation in open knowledge in the Philippines|Wiki Clubs strengthen youth participation in open knowledge in the Philippines]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Wikidata for research in the UI1|Wikidata for research in the UI1]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Nupe Wikipedia Hits 1,000 Articles: The Next Chapter in Our Knowledge Journey |Nupe Wikipedia Hits 1,000 Articles: The Next Chapter in Our Knowledge Journey]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Recruiting newcomers to preserve Yiddish using Wiktionary as a tool|Recruiting newcomers to preserve Yiddish using Wiktionary as a tool]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Voices in Our Hands: How Nigerian Kids are Documenting Nigerian Sign Language for the World|Voices in Our Hands: How Nigerian Kids are Documenting Nigerian Sign Language for the World]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Wiki in Schools, Architecture and Open Heritage|Wiki in Schools, Architecture and Open Heritage]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/More than 200 registrations, 22 speakers, and seven hours of shared experience: Wikimedia Ukraine’s Education Community Conference 2026|More than 200 registrations, 22 speakers, and seven hours of shared experience: Wikimedia Ukraine’s Education Community Conference 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Launch of Wikifying a Conference handbook|Launch of Wikifying a Conference handbook]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/EduWiki Hub Updates: Working Groups Feedback Session and a New Roundtable for Program Officers|EduWiki Hub Updates: Working Groups Feedback Session and a New Roundtable for Program Officers]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/August 2026/Curiosity through academic inquiry - learning by writing Wikipedia articles in Serbia|Curiosity through academic inquiry - learning by writing Wikipedia articles in Serbia]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 17:54, 1 September 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=30917014 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: September 2026 ==
&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 9 • September 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/September 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Wikipedia Writing Training at Universitas Terbuka. WikiRempah Welcomes Wikimedians in Ternate|Wikipedia Writing Training at Universitas Terbuka. WikiRempah Welcomes Wikimedians in Ternate]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Wikimedia MKD’s Wiki Camp &amp; Team Building 2026|Wikimedia MKD’s Wiki Camp &amp; Team Building 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Wikimedia Commons Training for Students at Universitas Nurul Hasan Bacan: Mobilizing Bacan's Youth with WikiRempah|Wikimedia Commons Training for Students at Universitas Nurul Hasan Bacan: Mobilizing Bacan's Youth with WikiRempah]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Wikidata integration in the Library &amp; Information Science course|Wikidata integration in the Library &amp; Information Science course]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Translating the EduWiki Newcomer's Starter Kit in Albanian language|Translating the EduWiki Newcomer's Starter Kit in Albanian language]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Training Wikimedia Commons WikiRempah in Bacan, Bringing Digital Education to an Island Without Electricity|Training Wikimedia Commons WikiRempah in Bacan, Bringing Digital Education to an Island Without Electricity]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Synergy Between WikiRempah, the West Halmahera Regency Education and Culture Office, and the Sultanate of Jailolo in Documenting Spice Route Cultural Sites|Synergy Between WikiRempah, the West Halmahera Regency Education and Culture Office, and the Sultanate of Jailolo in Documenting Spice Route Cultural Sites]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/St Aloysius Wiki Club Celebrates 10th Anniversary of Tulu Wikipedia|St Aloysius Wiki Club Celebrates 10th Anniversary of Tulu Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Road to Open Source: bringing open source contribution into Indian engineering classrooms|Road to Open Source: bringing open source contribution into Indian engineering classrooms]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Photography and education: initiatives in Brazil|Photography and education: initiatives in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Open Knowledge Initiatives Summer Internship 2026 – Project Workflow &amp; Learnings|Open Knowledge Initiatives Summer Internship 2026 – Project Workflow &amp; Learnings]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Media Literacy Teacher Training with Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful|Media Literacy Teacher Training with Wikimedia UK and Thoughtful]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Heritage Across Borders: St Aloysius Wiki Club Students Celebrate Cultural Heritage Through Wikipedia|Heritage Across Borders: St Aloysius Wiki Club Students Celebrate Cultural Heritage Through Wikipedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/From Bandung's Street Signs to Wikipedia: Rediscovering Sundanese Script|From Bandung's Street Signs to Wikipedia: Rediscovering Sundanese Script]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/CSPC Wiki Club launches student community for open knowledge and youth leadership|CSPC Wiki Club launches student community for open knowledge and youth leadership]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Amplifying Underrepresented Voices: Lessons from the Language Diversity Hub 2026|Amplifying Underrepresented Voices: Lessons from the Language Diversity Hub 2026]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/September 2026/Education activity: Can I trust Wikipedia?|Education activity: Can I trust Wikipedia?]]
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 18:36, 30 September 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=31092240 --&gt;

== This Month in Education: October 2026 ==
&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:2.9em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt;This Month in Education&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight:bold; color:#00A7E2; font-size:1.4em; font-family:'Helvetica Neue', Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;&quot;&gt; Volume 15 • Issue 10 • October 2026&lt;/span&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1; border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1; padding:0.5em; font-size:larger; margin-bottom:0.2em&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2026|Contents]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/October 2026/Headlines|Headlines]] • [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe]]&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div style=&quot;color:white; font-size:1.8em; font-family:Montserrat; background:#92BFB1;&quot;&gt;In This Issue&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: left; column-count: 2; column-width: 35em;&quot;&gt;
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/Wikipedia Education Awareness Campaign Held in Dinajpur, Bangladesh|Wikipedia Education Awareness Campaign Held in Dinajpur, Bangladesh]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/Wikimedia MKD Continues Its Educational Activities in the New School Year|Wikimedia MKD Continues Its Educational Activities in the New School Year]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/WikiLatih Bogor Méré Rohangan pikeun Diajar, Silih Bagikeun Pangaweruh, jeung Nyambungkeun Antargenerasi|WikiLatih Bogor Méré Rohangan pikeun Diajar, Silih Bagikeun Pangaweruh, jeung Nyambungkeun Antargenerasi]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/Wiki Club Organise Two-Day Technical Workshop on MediaWiki Projects at St Aloysius University|Wiki Club Organise Two-Day Technical Workshop on MediaWiki Projects at St Aloysius University]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/WIKI 101 learning module developed for Filipino university students|WIKI 101 learning module developed for Filipino university students]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/When the Forest Changes, What Can We Learn Through Wikimedia|When the Forest Changes, What Can We Learn Through Wikimedia]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/Open Knowledge Course inspires students in Olomouc in writing Wikipedie articles|Open Knowledge Course inspires students in Olomouc in writing Wikipedie articles]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/New student-led Wikimedia communities expand youth participation in ESEAP|New student-led Wikimedia communities expand youth participation in ESEAP]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/Improving health-related content on Wikipedia: an initiative in Brazil|Improving health-related content on Wikipedia: an initiative in Brazil]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/How EduWiki Hub Partnerships Are Building Capacity for Wikimedia Education Worldwide|How EduWiki Hub Partnerships Are Building Capacity for Wikimedia Education Worldwide]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/From the First Cohort to the Second: Learning and Teaching Wikipedia at a University in Türkiye|From the First Cohort to the Second: Learning and Teaching Wikipedia at a University in Türkiye]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/From Forgotten Pages to Living Heritage: Bikol Wikisource marks its second year|From Forgotten Pages to Living Heritage: Bikol Wikisource marks its second year]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/First workshops for Serbian students and pupils in the academic year|First workshops for Serbian students and pupils in the academic year]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/Czech seniors visited Vyšší Brod Monastery and are heading to the 10th anniversary of Senior Wikitown|Czech seniors visited Vyšší Brod Monastery and are heading to the 10th anniversary of Senior Wikitown]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/News/October 2026/Auckland Museum's fourth cohort of Wiki summer students|Auckland Museum's fourth cohort of Wiki summer students]]
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin-top:10px; text-align: center; font-size:90%; padding-left:5px; font-family:Georgia, Palatino, Palatino Linotype, Times, Times New Roman, serif;&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Education/Newsletter/About|About ''This Month in Education'']] · [[m:Global message delivery/Targets/This Month in Education|Subscribe/Unsubscribe]] · [[m:Special:MyLanguage/MassMessage|Global message delivery]] · For the team: [[:m:User:ZI Jony|ZI Jony]] 18:19, 30 October 2026 (UTC)&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- Message sent by User:ZI Jony@metawiki using the list at https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Global_message_delivery/Targets/This_Month_in_Education&amp;oldid=31135529 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>g4lp4ec7h7xgg93ih28ohp6z6pz77mg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:JustTheFacts33/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>468255</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679089</id>
      <parentid>4677460</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:17:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Current factories */</comment>
      <origin>4679089</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="445621" sha1="dogqbmmb6ybfinprq1axyslpb6v8tzw" xml:space="preserve">This is a '''history of [[w:General Motors|General Motors]] factories''' that are being or have been used to produce cars, vans, SUVs, trucks, buses, and automobile components.&lt;ref name=GMfacilities&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080614231130/http://www.gm.com/corporate/responsibility/environment/plants/index.jsp GM facilities map]. Retrieved on July 8, 2009.&lt;/ref&gt; The factories are sometimes idled for re-tooling. 

Originally, GM's different divisions each had their own serial number formats and plant codes. Chevrolet cars, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, and Buick unified their serial number formats and plant codes in 1965. Cadillac adopted the same unified format in 1971. Chevrolet trucks and GMC trucks unified their serial number formats in 1972. Chevrolet trucks and GMC trucks were already using the same plant codes from 1964 and those were unified with the car divisions (other than Cadillac) in 1965. Cadillac did not use plant codes before 1971 as all Cadillacs were made at Cadillac's home plant in Detroit until 1971. In 1971, Cadillacs began to be made in more than one plant so they started using plant codes, using the same codes that the other GM car divisions were using since 1965. GM Canada used the same format as GM USA from 1967.

For US-built models:

For '''Chevrolet cars including El Camino''': Plant code was the 1st or 1st 2 digits of the serial number from 1928-1952. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1953-1957 6-cylinder models. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number from 1955-1957 V8 models. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1958-1959. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number from 1960-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980.

For '''Chevrolet trucks''': Plant code was the 1st or 1st 2 digits of the serial number from 1947-1952. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1953-1954 &amp; for the 1955 1st Series models. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with 6-cylinder engines. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with V8 engines. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number from 1960-1971. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1972-1980 (including Chevy LUV).

For '''Pontiac''': Plant code was the 1st letter in the serial number from 1936-1938 for plants other than Pontiac, MI (Pontiac, MI omitted the 1st letter so the 1st position was a number rather than a letter for Pontiac, MI as Pontiac, MI didn't use a specific plant code). Plant code was the 1st position of the serial number from 1939-1958. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1959-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980.

For '''Oldsmobile''': Plant code was the 1st of 2 letters in the serial number from 1937-1940 for plants other than Lansing (Lansing omitted the 1st letter so there was only 1 letter before the numbers rather than 2 letters for Linden &amp; Southgate as Lansing didn't have a specific plant code). Plant code was the letter in the 3rd position of the serial number from 1941-1948 for plants other than Lansing (Lansing omitted the letter and didn't have a specific plant code). Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1949-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980.

For '''Buick''': Plant code was the number in the 1st position of the serial number from 1938-1953. Plant code was the number in the 3rd position of the serial number from 1954-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980 (including '76-'79 Buick Opel by Isuzu).

For '''Cadillac''': Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1971-1980. (Cadillac did not use plant codes before 1971 as all Cadillacs were made at Cadillac's home plant in Detroit until 1971.)

For '''GMC Sprint &amp; Caballero''': Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1971-1980.

For '''GMC trucks''': Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number from 1952-1954 &amp; for 1955 1st Series models with manual transmission. Plant code was the 7th position of the serial number from 1952-1954 &amp; for 1955 1st Series models with automatic transmission. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with 6-cylinder engines. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with V8 engines. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number for 1960-1966 models with 2wd and V6 or V8 engines. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number for 1960-1966 models with inline-6 engines or with 4wd. Plant code was the 7th position of the serial number from 1967-1971 (most models had a dash in the 6th position except for some models that had a special designation indicated in the 6th position). Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1972-1980.

All models from 1981 on have the plant code in the 11th position as per standardized VIN regulations. 

The above applies to Canadian-built models from 1967 on.

==Current factories== 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 

!VIN !! Name !! City/State !! Country !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products !! Opened !! Idled !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Comments 

|- 

|R (1963-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-present)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;T (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] and Pre-1960 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A (1960-1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;8 (Pre-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Arlington Assembly|Arlington Assembly]]||[[w:Arlington, Texas|Arlington, Texas]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:GMT T1XX|T1XX]] SUVs (2021-):&lt;br /&gt;
[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fifth generation (2021)|Chevrolet Tahoe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Twelfth generation (2021)|Chevrolet Suburban]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Yukon|GMC Yukon]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Yukon XL|GMC Yukon XL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fifth generation (2021)|Cadillac Escalade]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fifth generation (2021)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]]
||1954||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2525 E Abram St.&lt;br /&gt;Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. Production began on January 6, 1954. The first vehicle produced was a 1954 Pontiac Chieftain 4-door. Arlington began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1963. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Arlington began making midsize cars for 1968 but focused exclusively on midsize cars from 1971-1987. Arlington resumed making full-size cars for 1988 for the first time since 1970. Arlington focused exclusively on rwd, full-size cars from 1988-1996. When Willow Run Assembly closed in 1993, Arlington became GM's only factory still building traditional body-on-frame, rwd, full-size cars. Passenger car production ended in 1996. It's interesting to note that Arlington has never built any fwd vehicles or any unibody vehicles. Arlington was then converted to build full-size SUVs. SUV production began for 1998. Full-size pickups were also built for 1998-2000. Arlington Assembly has produced models for all of GM's primary American brands: Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Buick, Cadillac, and GMC. Arlington Assembly has produced over 13 million vehicles. A new 129,250-square-foot body shop on the plant's west side was announced in 2011 as part of retooling for the K2XX generation SUVs launched in 2014. A new stamping plant was announced in 2012 and opened in 2013 at Arlington Assembly, replacing stampings previously sourced from GM stamping plants elsewhere in the US.&lt;br /&gt; A $1.4 billion plant upgrade was completed to build the &lt;br /&gt; T1XX generation SUVs beginning in 2020. It included a new &lt;br /&gt; 1 million sq. ft. body shop &amp; a 600,000-sq. ft. extension to the paint shop. The general assembly area was also upgraded. &lt;br /&gt; Past models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM A platform (RWD)|GM A platform (RWD)]] (intermediate): [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1970-1977), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1974-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970-1981), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1974-1977), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1971-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1971-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1971-1977), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1968-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1968-1970), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1968-1970)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:General Motors G platform (1969)|GM G platform (RWD) 1982-1988]]: [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1982-1983), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1982-1984), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1982-1983), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1982-1987), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1982-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1982-1987), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1985).&lt;br /&gt; [[w:General Motors A platform (1925)|GM full-size A platform]]: [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1954-1957), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1954-1957)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM B platform|GM B platform]]: [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1960), [[w:Buick Roadmaster#1991–1996|Buick Roadmaster sedan]] (1992-1996), [[w:Buick Estate#1991–1996|Buick Roadmaster Estate wagon]] (1994-1996), [[w:Buick Special#1949–1958|Buick Special]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1970, 1988-1996), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Seventh generation (Impala SS, 1994–1996)|Chevrolet Impala SS]] (1994-1996), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1955-1964), [[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#Second generation (1977–1990)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1988-1990), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1959-1968), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1970), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-65, 1967-68), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1963, 1966), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961).&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors C platform (RWD)|GM C platform (RWD)]]: [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick Limited#1958 Limited|Buick Limited]] (1958), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1955-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1955-1958), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1954-1964) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM D platform|GM D platform]]: [[w:Cadillac Brougham|Cadillac Brougham]] (1988-1992), [[w:Cadillac Fleetwood#Rear-wheel drive 1993–1996|Cadillac Fleetwood]] (1993-1996) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMT400|GMT400]] pickups: [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1998-2000), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra]] (1998-2000).&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT400|GMT400]] SUVs: [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (1998-1999), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Tahoe Limited and Tahoe Z71|Chevrolet Tahoe Limited and Z71]] (2000), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|GMC Yukon]] (1998-1999), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#GMC Yukon Denali|GMC Yukon Denali]] (1999-2000), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#First generation (1999)|Cadillac Escalade]] (1999-2000)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT800|GMT800]] SUVs: [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (2001-2006), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000)|GMC Yukon]] (2001-2006), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Second generation (2002)|Cadillac Escalade]] (2002-2006), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Ninth generation (2000)|Chevrolet Suburban]] (2001-2005), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Ninth generation (2000)|GMC Yukon XL]] (2001-2005).&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT900|GMT900]] SUVs: [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon Denali]] (2009-2014), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Third generation (2007)|Cadillac Escalade]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|Chevrolet Suburban]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|GMC Yukon XL]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|GMC Yukon XL Denali]] (2009-2014), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Third generation (2007)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]] (2007-2014)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT K2XX|K2XX]] SUVs (2015-2020): [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fourth generation (2015)|Chevrolet Tahoe]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fourth generation (2015)|GMC Yukon]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fourth generation (2015)|Cadillac Escalade]], [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Eleventh generation (2015)|Chevrolet Suburban]], [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Eleventh generation (2015)|GMC Yukon XL]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fourth generation (2015)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]] 

|-

|U (Celestiq),&lt;br&gt; A (&quot;Curated&quot; models),&lt;br&gt; 0 (CT5-V Blackwing 20th Anniv. Ed.)||[[Artisan Center]]||[[w:Warren, Michigan|Warren, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac Celestiq|Cadillac Celestiq]] (2025-),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Escalade IQ|Cadillac Escalade IQ]] &quot;Curated by Cadillac&quot; program only (2027-)||2024||&amp;nbsp;||Located at the [[w:General Motors Technical Center|GM Global Technical Center]] in Warren, Michigan. The Celestiq will be the first production vehicle sold to the public to be built at the GM Tech Center. The Celestiq will be built by hand on a special, low-volume production line and will be highly customizable. The Celestiq will be built to order and each one will be unique.&lt;br/&gt; 

Past models: &lt;br /&gt; 2024 [[w:Cadillac CT5#CT5-V Blackwing|Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing 20th Anniversary Edition]] where the final 8 digits of the VIN are R0912004 through R0912024 or R0962004 through R0962024,&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac CT5#CT5-V Blackwing|Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing]] &quot;Curated by Cadillac&quot; program only (2026)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Bay City Powertrain]]||[[w:Bay City, Michigan|Bay City, Michigan]]||United States||Engine components including connecting rods &amp; camshafts||1916||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1001 Woodside Ave. Originally opened as National Cycle Manufacturing Co. in 1892 to make bicycles. Bought by Chevrolet in 1916 and joined GM along with Chevrolet in 1918. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Bedford Casting]]||[[w:Bedford, Indiana|Bedford, Indiana]]||United States||Cylinder heads, cylinder blocks, transmission cases, EV drive unit housings, structural components, Aluminum die casting||1942||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 105 GM Drive. 

|- 

|5||[[w:Bowling Green Assembly Plant|Bowling Green Assembly Plant]]||[[w:Bowling Green, Kentucky|Bowling Green, Kentucky]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C8)|Chevrolet Corvette (C8)]] (2020-)&lt;br /&gt; 


[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT4|LT4 supercharged V8 engine]] for:&lt;br&gt; Cadillac Escalade-V '23-&lt;br /&gt; 


[[w:Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine|LT6 V8 engine]] ('23- Corvette Z06)

[[w:Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine#LT7|LT7 twin-turbo V8 engine]] ('25- Corvette ZR1, '26- Corvette ZR1X)

||1981||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 600 Corvette Drive. Originally built by Chrysler's Airtemp division in 1969-1970 and used to build non-automotive A/C units, the plant closed in 1976 following Chrysler's sale of Airtemp to Fedders and was sold to GM in 1980. GM converted the facility into an automotive assembly plant and began building Corvettes in Bowling Green during June 1981, taking over production from the St. Louis plant.&lt;br/&gt; 

Past models: &lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C3)|Chevrolet Corvette (C3)]] (1981-1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C4)|Chevrolet Corvette (C4)]] (1984-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C5)|Chevrolet Corvette (C5)]] (1997-2004)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C6)|Chevrolet Corvette (C6)]] (2005-2013)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C7)|Chevrolet Corvette (C7)]] (2014-2019)  

[[w:Cadillac XLR|Cadillac XLR]] (2004-2009)&lt;br /&gt;

Performance Build Center relocated from Wixom, MI to Bowling Green Assembly in 2014.&lt;br/&gt; Past engines: [[w:Cadillac twin-turbo V8|Cadillac Blackwing 4.2L LTA twin-turbo V8]],&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT4|LT4 supercharged V8 engine]] for: Chevrolet Corvette Z06 (C7) (2015-2016 models with Z07 package or build your own engine option, 2017-2019 all Z06 models) &amp;&lt;br /&gt; Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 (Gen 6) (phased in during 2020, all '21-'24), Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing '22-'26,&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT5|LT5 supercharged 6.2L Gen V Small Block V8]] ('19 Corvette ZR1)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Brownstown Battery Assembly Plant]]||[[w:Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan|Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan]]||United States||Battery packs for [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C8)|Chevrolet Corvette &lt;br&gt; E-Ray]] &amp; [[w:Cadillac Celestiq|Cadillac Celestiq]]&lt;br /&gt;Electric drive units for Chevrolet Corvette &lt;br&gt; E-Ray&lt;br /&gt;Assembles prototype battery packs||2009||Summer 2027||Located at 20001 Brownstown Center Dr.&lt;br /&gt; Battery packs for [[w:Chevrolet Volt|Chevrolet Volt]], [[w:Holden Volt|Holden Volt]], [[w:Opel Ampera|Opel/Vauxhall Ampera]], [[w:Cadillac ELR|Cadillac ELR]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Spark EV|Chevrolet Spark EV (2015-2016 only - LG Chem cells)]], [[w:GMC Hummer EV|GMC Hummer EV]], &amp; [[w:Cadillac Lyriq|Cadillac Lyriq]] &lt;br /&gt; Roof module for [[w:Cruise AV|Cruise AV]]

 
|- 

|6&lt;br /&gt;9&amp;nbsp;(BrightDrop)||[[w:CAMI Automotive|CAMI Automotive]]||[[w:Ingersoll, Ontario|Ingersoll, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]|| ||1989||2025||Located at 300 Ingersoll St. S. Originally, a 50/50 joint venture with [[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] called Canadian Automotive Manufacturing Inc. or CAMI until December 2009 when GM bought Suzuki's share. Production for Suzuki ended in June 2009. Chevy Equinox production ended April 29, 2022. After being retooled, CAMI reopened December 5, 2022 building the BrightDrop Zevo 600. In July 2023, GM announced a 400,000 square-foot expansion to assemble battery modules and packs. Plant idled in October 2023 and restarted in April 2024. Production was suspended in May 2025. Battery pack assembly also ended in May 2025. On October 21, 2025, GM announced that the BrightDrop van was discontinued and would not resume production anywhere.
Past models: [[w:BrightDrop Zevo 600|BrightDrop Zevo 600]] (2023-2024)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Tom Venetis |date=4 April 2022 |title=GM Canada Electric Vehicle Production in Ontario by the End of 2022 |work=Metroland Media Group |url=http://www.canadianautoworld.ca/industry-news/gm-canada-electric-vehicle-production-in-ontario-by-the-end-of-2022 |access-date=24 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;br&gt; [[w:BrightDrop Zevo 400|BrightDrop Zevo 400]] (2024),&lt;br&gt;[[w:Chevrolet BrightDrop|Chevrolet BrightDrop 400]] (2025-2026),&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet BrightDrop|Chevrolet BrightDrop 600]] (2025-2026),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Equinox|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2005-2022)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Bryan Bicknell |date=3 March 2022 |title=The finish line draws closer for gas powered vehicles at Ontario CAMI plant |work=CTV News |url=https://london.ctvnews.ca/the-finish-line-draws-closer-for-gas-powered-vehicles-at-ontario-cami-plant-1.5804523 |access-date=17 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;, [[w:Pontiac Torrent|Pontiac Torrent]] (2006-09), [[w:GMC Terrain#First generation (2010)|GMC Terrain]] (2010-2017), [[w:Suzuki XL-7#Second generation (XL7; 2006)|Suzuki XL7]] (2007-2009), [[w:Geo Tracker|Geo/Chevrolet Tracker]] (1990-2004),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#Canada|Asuna/Pontiac Sunrunner]] (Canada only) (1992-1998),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Suzuki Vitara#First generation (ET/TA; 1988)|Suzuki Sidekick]] (1990-1998), [[w:Suzuki Grand Vitara|Suzuki Vitara]] (1999-2004), [[w:Geo Metro|Geo/Chevrolet Metro]] (1990-2001), [[w:Geo Metro|Suzuki Swift]] (1991-2001), [[w:Geo Metro|Pontiac Firefly]] (Canada only) (1991, 1994-2001).&lt;br&gt; Also assembled Ultium battery cells into modules and packs for BrightDrop Zevo &amp; other vehicles made elsewhere from 2024-2025.

|- 

|B||[[w:GM Defense|GM Defense]] Manufacturing Customer Innovation Center (MCIC)||[[w:Concord, North Carolina|Concord, North Carolina]]||United States|| [[w:M1301 Infantry Squad Vehicle|M1301 Infantry Squad Vehicle]] (ISV),&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban#HD SUV|Chevrolet Suburban Shield]] (a.k.a. HD SUV) (2024-) ||2021||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 4280 Defender Way. Located next to Hendrick Motorsports, a partner in the ISV program. The ISV program for the US Army is based on the Chevrolet Colorado ZR2. The HD SUV program for the US State Dept. Diplomatic Security Service is based on the T1XX-generation Chevrolet Suburban but with a different chassis and frame to support higher vehicle weight, payload, and GVWR than civilian Suburbans. The Suburban Shield has also been supplied to Qatar for diplomatic security and VIP transport.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Defiance Foundry]]||[[w:Defiance, Ohio|Defiance, Ohio]]||United States||Aluminum engine blocks &amp; heads||1948||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 26427 State Route 281. Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. Iron pouring ended in 2017.  The plant now pours only aluminum blocks and heads. Defiance made the aluminum blocks and heads for the Buick 215 V8. Defiance has also supplied [[w:Toyota|Toyota]] with 4-cylinder engine blocks and [[w:Nissan|Nissan]] with V6 engine blocks.  

|- 

|U||[[w:Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly|Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly]]&lt;br /&gt; &quot;Factory ZERO&quot;||[[w:Hamtramck, Michigan|Hamtramck, Michigan]] &amp; [[w:Detroit, Michigan|Detroit, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GMC Hummer EV|GMC Hummer EV]] pickup (2022-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Hummer EV|GMC Hummer EV]] SUV (2024-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado EV|Chevrolet Silverado EV]] (2024-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sierra EV|GMC Sierra EV]] (2024-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade IQ|Cadillac Escalade IQ]] (2025-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade IQ|Cadillac Escalade IQL]] (2026-)&lt;br /&gt;Assembles Ultium battery cells into modules and packs for a variety of vehicles||1985||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2500 East Grand Blvd. Sometimes called the &quot;Poletown&quot; plant after the Detroit neighborhood where the plant is located. Part of the site was previously the &quot;Dodge Main&quot; plant which opened in 1911 before Dodge was part of the Chrysler Corp. and closed on January 4, 1980. GM bought the closed plant in 1981. Additional land including residential neighborhoods was acquired through the use of eminent domain. The plant straddles the line between 2 cities: Detroit &amp; Hamtramck. The body shop is in Hamtramck while the general assembly area is in Detroit.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2020/10/16/gm-detroit-hamtramck-assembly-plant-renamed-factory-zero/3665925001/|title = GM's Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly plant renamed 'Factory ZERO' amid shift to all-electric|author=Jamie LaReau|publisher=Detroit Free Press|date=October 16, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; The current site includes a 16.5-acre wildlife habitat. Originally built E/K models. First vehicle produced was a 1986 Cadillac Eldorado on February 4, 1985. Also did final assembly on the Cadillac Allante, whose bodies were made in Italy by Pininfarina and were flown to Detroit and then trucked to Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly for final assembly. Started building fwd G-bodies for 1998. The last &lt;br&gt; E-body, the Cadillac Eldorado, was moved to the Lansing Craft Center during 2000. Started building EREVs based on Delta II for 2011. This was followed by the 2nd gen. Volt based on D2XX for 2016. Started building Epsilon-based cars for 2013. Also built the Omega-based Cadillac CT6 flagship, starting with 2016. The last gas-powered vehicles made at this plant were the Cadillac CT6 on January 24, 2020 &amp; the Chevrolet Impala on February 27, 2020. Renamed &quot;Factory ZERO&quot; on October 16, 2020 to reflect its conversion into an electric vehicle assembly plant (zero for zero emissions). First vehicle produced following the conversion was a 2022 GMC Hummer EV pickup on December 17, 2021. Over 4 million vehicles have been built so far since opening in 1985. &lt;br /&gt; Past models:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Toronado#Fourth generation (1986–1992)|Oldsmobile Toronado]] (1986-1992), [[w:Buick Riviera#Seventh generation (1986–1993)|Buick Riviera]] (1986-1993), [[w:Cadillac Eldorado|Cadillac Eldorado]] (1986-2000), [[w:Cadillac Seville|Cadillac Seville]] (1986-2004), [[w:Cadillac Allanté|Cadillac Allanté]] (1987-1993) (final assembly),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Deville|Cadillac Deville]] (1994-2005), [[w:Cadillac DTS|Cadillac DTS]] (2006-2011),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Park Avenue#Second generation (1997–2005)|Buick Park Avenue]] (1998-2000), [[w:Buick LeSabre#Eighth generation (2000–2005)|Buick LeSabre]] (2000-2005), [[w:Buick Lucerne|Buick Lucerne]] (2006-2011), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Tenth generation (2000–2005)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (2004-2005), [[w:Chevrolet Volt|Chevrolet Volt]] (2011-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Volt#Other markets|Holden Volt (RE)]] (2012-2015), [[w:Chevrolet Volt#Opel Ampera (Europe)|Opel/Vauxhall Ampera]] (2012-15), [[w:Cadillac ELR|Cadillac ELR]] (2014, 2016), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu (2013-2015)/Malibu Limited (2016)]], [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Tenth generation (2014-2020)|Chevrolet Impala]] (2014-2020), [[w:Buick LaCrosse#Third generation (2017)|Buick Lacrosse]] (2017-2019), [[w:Cadillac CT6|Cadillac CT6]] (2016-2020)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:DMAX (engines)|DMAX Ltd.]]&lt;br&gt; Moraine Plant||[[w:Moraine, Ohio|Moraine, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Duramax V8 engine|Duramax 6.6L V8 engine]]||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Located on 3100 Dryden Rd. Was a joint venture with [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]]. Originally, was 40% owned by GM &amp; 60% owned by Isuzu. From 2002, 60% owned by GM &amp; 40% owned by Isuzu. GM bought Isuzu's remaining stake in DMAX Ltd. at the end of March 2022 and DMAX Ltd. became a wholly owned subsidiary of GM in May 2022. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:DMAX (engines)|DMAX Ltd.]] Brookville Plant||[[w:Brookville, Ohio|Brookville, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Duramax V8 engine#8.3L Mongoose|8.3L Mongoose Duramax V8]] ||2021||&amp;nbsp;|| Located at 101 W. Campus Blvd. In June 2023, GM announced a $920 million investment to build a 1.1 million square foot building next to the current 251,000 square foot facility in Brookville to take over Duramax V8 engine production from the original plant in Moraine in 2025.&lt;br&gt; Previously:&lt;br&gt; Machined engine components for [[w:Duramax V8 engine|Duramax 6.6L V8 engine]]

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Egypt|GM Egypt]]||[[w:6th of October City|6th of October City]]|| [[w:Egypt|Egypt]]||[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Chevrolet N-Series]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max#Second generation (RT; 2011)|Chevrolet T-Series]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Move#Chevrolet N300/Move|Chevrolet Move]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Third generation (310C; 2023)|Chevrolet Optra]] (2025-)||1985||&amp;nbsp;||Partially owned by GM (46.5%). Produced its 1 millionth vehicle, a Chevrolet T-Series pickup truck, on September 22, 2024. GM Egypt is the first automaker in Egypt to produce &lt;br&gt; 1 million vehicles. &lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Frontera|Chevrolet Frontera]], [[w:Chevrolet Lanos|Chevrolet Lanos]], [[w:Baojun 630|Chevrolet Optra]] (2016-2023), [[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Chevrolet T-Series]], [[w:Isuzu MU#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Isuzu Rodeo]], [[w:Isuzu TF|Isuzu TF-Series]], [[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]], [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa]], [[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]] 

|- 

|F||[[w:Fairfax II|Fairfax II]]||[[w:Kansas City, Kansas|Kansas City, Kansas]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Bolt#Second generation (2026)|Chevrolet Bolt]] (2027)
&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Fourth generation (2025)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (Starting Mid-2027)
||1987||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 3201 Fairfax Trafficway. Replaced original Fairfax Assembly Plant (Fairfax I) for 1988 model year production. Built on the site of the old Fairfax Municipal Airport. Originally built W-body cars. Switched to Epsilon-based cars for 2004. Chevy Malibu ended production in November 2024. Cadillac XT4 ended production in January 2025. Fairfax was then idled for retooling. Production of the updated Bolt electric car began in late 2025. The 2027 Bolt is an updated version of the old Bolt EUV. &lt;br /&gt;Past models:  [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1988-2003), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fifth generation (1988–1997)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1995-1997), [[w:Oldsmobile Intrigue|Oldsmobile Intrigue]] (1998-'02), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Sixth generation (2004)|Chevrolet Malibu (2004-2007)/Malibu Classic (2008)]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Seventh generation (2008)|Chevrolet Malibu (2008-2012)]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu (2013-2015)/Malibu Limited (2016)]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu (2016-2025)]], &lt;br /&gt;  [[w:Saturn Aura|Saturn Aura]] (2007-2009), [[w:Buick LaCrosse#Second generation (2010)|Buick Lacrosse/Allure]] (2010-2016), [[w:Cadillac XT4|Cadillac XT4]] (2019-2025)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint Engine South|Flint Engine South/Flint Engine Operations]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States|| 3.0 [[w:Duramax I6 engine|Duramax I6 engine]], [[w:Generation VI (2027–present)|Gen VI Small-Block V8]]: [[w:#LS6_3|LS6 6.7L V8]], [[w:L76_3|L76 5.7L V8]], [[w:L78|L78 6.6L V8]] ||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2100 Bristol Road. Located just to the south of Flint Truck Assembly and on the east side of Flint Metal Center. &lt;br /&gt;Past engines: [[w:GM Atlas engine|4.2 Atlas I6]], 3.6 [[w:GM High Feature engine|High Feature V6 engine]],&lt;br /&gt; 1.4 [[w:GM Family 0 engine#Generation III|Family 0 I4]] (Cruze, Sonic, Volt/Ampera/ELR generator), [[w:GM small gasoline engine#LFV|GM Small Gasoline Engine]] (LFV 1.5 Turbo I4 - Malibu)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Flint Metal Center]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States|| Sheetmetal stampings for various GM models||1954||&amp;nbsp;||Located at G-2238 Bristol Road. Located just to the south of Flint Truck Assembly and on the west side of Flint Engine South. Metal fabricating plant. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Flint Tool &amp; Die]] (North American Engineering and Tooling Center)||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||Tools &amp; Dies for fabrication &amp; assembly of sheetmetal body parts||1967||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 425 Stevenson St. Was Plant 38 of the &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex. Last remaining manufacturing plant of the old &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex. 

|- 

|F &lt;br/&gt;(1953-present)&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt; 1 (1947-1952)||[[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (2001-)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado|GMC Sierra]] (2001-)||1947||&amp;nbsp;||Located at G 3100 Van Slyke Road. This plant replaced vehicle production at the older &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex elsewhere in Flint, Michigan and became Chevrolet's new home plant. Began production in June 1947. This is GM's oldest, still active assembly plant in North America. Built all 300 1953 Corvettes on a small makeshift line (1 line for body &amp; 1 for frame/chassis) from June 30 through December 24 in 1953. Built the 50 millionth car built by GM in the US on November 23, 1954. The car was a special gold painted '55 Chevy Bel Air 2-door Sport Coupe with a gold-painted chassis and 716 interior and exterior trim parts plated with 24-carat gold. Last built Chevy full-size cars in 1969. Last built passenger cars in 1970 (the midsize Chevelle &amp; Monte Carlo). The last passenger car built at Flint Assembly was a Monte Carlo on June 24, 1970. At that point, the separate onsite Fisher Body operation (Flint #2) was merged into the Chevrolet operation (the rest of the plant) and the entire plant joined the GM Assembly Division. Since 1971, has only built full-size pickups, full-size SUV's, full-size vans, and medium duty commercial trucks. A new paint shop (Flint Assembly Paint Operations) was announced in December 2013 and opened in 2016, replacing the previous paint shop located inside the assembly plant. The new paint shop is further down Van Slyke Road from the assembly plant at 3848 Van Slyke Road, on the site of the former V8 engine plant that closed in 1999 and was subsequently demolished. Flint Truck Assembly has produced over 15 million vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;Past models:  [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]], [[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]], [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]], [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-69), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-69), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C1)|Chevrolet Corvette (1953 only)]]&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1966, 1970),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970 only),&lt;br&gt;  [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1969-1991), [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|GMC K15 Jimmy]] (1970-91), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1960-1991), [[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1967-91),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair Forward Control]] (1961-1964), &lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|Chevrolet Van/Sportvan]] (1993-1995),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#1992-1996|Chevrolet Van/Sportvan G-Classic]] (1996),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|GMC Vandura/Rally Van]] (1993-1995),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#1992-1996|GMC Vandura/Rally Van G-Classic]] (1996),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|Chevrolet R/V]] (1987-1991), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|GMC R/V]] (1987-1991), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K (GMT400)]] (1995-2000), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra (GMT400)]] (1995-98), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra Classic (GMT400)]] (1999-2000), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|Chevrolet/GMC C3500HD]] (1998-00), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Third generation (2003–2009)|Chevrolet Kodiak/GMC Topkick]] ('03-'09), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Isuzu H-Series|Isuzu H-Series]] (2005-2007), [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet T-Series]] (2004-2009), [[w:GMC T-Series|GMC T-Series]] (2004-2009), [[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] (2004-2009) &lt;br /&gt; 

|- 

|Z||[[w:Fort Wayne Assembly|Fort Wayne Assembly]]||[[w:Roanoke, Indiana|Roanoke, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (1999-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|GMC Sierra]] (1988-)||1986||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 12200 Lafayette Center Rd.&lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1988-1998)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Fuel Cell System Manufacturing LLC]]||[[w:Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan|Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan]]||United States||Fuel Cell Systems for [[w:Honda CR-V#CR-V e:FCEV|Honda CR-V e:FCEV]] &amp; various other applications by GM &amp; Honda &amp; to outside companies||2024||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 20001 Brownstown Center Dr. Located next to GM's Brownstown Battery Assembly Plant.&lt;br /&gt; A 50/50 joint venture with [[w:Honda|Honda]]. GM &amp; Honda have been co-developing fuel cells since 2013. The manufacturing joint venture was established in January 2017. Production began in January 2024. Production is scheduled to end by the end of 2026.
 
|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Grand Rapids Operations||[[w:Wyoming, Michigan|Wyoming, Michigan]]||United States||Valvetrain products &lt;br /&gt; Axles for full-size trucks ||1943||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2100 Burlingame Avenue SW. Originally established as Diesel Equipment Division of GM. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Delphi Powertrain Systems Grand Rapids); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 1999. 

|- 

|G||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|Gravatai Automotive Industrial Complex]]||[[w:Gravatai|Gravatai]], [[w:Rio Grande do Sul|Rio Grande do Sul]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:Chevrolet Onix|Chevrolet Onix]]&lt;br /&gt; ||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Celta|Chevrolet Celta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Prisma (disambiguation)|Chevrolet Prisma]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.autointell.com/nao_companies/general_motors/gm-manufacturing/blue-macaw-01.htm|title=General Motors: Gravatai Automotive Complex|access-date=2021-09-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1533675720090715 UPDATE 2-GM to spend $1 bln in Brazil on new family of cars] Retrieved 14 September 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Suzuki Fun|Suzuki Fun]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Joinville]]||[[w:Joinville|Joinville]], [[w:Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.0 &amp; 1.0 Turbo 3-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.2 &amp; 1.2 Turbo 3-cylinder engine]] ||2013||&amp;nbsp;||Past engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine#SPE / 4|1.0L &amp; 1.4L SPE / 4&lt;br /&gt; 4-cylinder engines]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Kokomo Operations&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://plants.gm.com/media/us/en/gm/company_info/facilities/component-fac/kokomo.html|title=GM Corporate Newsroom - United States - Company}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Kokomo, Indiana|Kokomo, Indiana]]||United States||Automotive Electronic Components including Engine Control Modules, Transmission Control Modules, Body Control Modules, &amp; Airbag Sensing Diagnostic Modules||1936||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2603 South Goyer Rd. The site was first used in the 1890's to make cars by [[w:Haynes-Apperson|Haynes-Apperson]] and later by [[w:Haynes Automobile Company|Haynes]] until the company went out of business in 1925. Purchased by GM in 1936 from Crosley Radio Corp., which used the site to make radios for Chevrolet briefly during 1936. Initially run by Delco Remy, the site became a separate GM division called Delco Radio Division in June 1936. Delco Radio made radios for all GM cars as well as other electronic equipment. During WWII, Delco Radio made electronic equipment for the war effort. In 1970, Delco Radio merged with AC Electronics Division of Milwaukee to form [[w:Delco Electronics|Delco Electronics Division]]. On December 31, 1985, General Motors merged Hughes Aircraft, which it had acquired on December 20, 1985, with its Delco Electronics unit to form Hughes Electronics Corporation, an independent subsidiary. The group then consisted of Delco Electronics Corporation and Hughes Aircraft Company. In 1997, GM transferred Delco Electronics to its Delphi Automotive Systems business. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Delco Electronics and Safety); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 2009. 

|-

| ||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]] - Boryeong plant||[[w:Boryeong|Boryeong]], [[w:South Chungcheong Province|South Chungcheong Province]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||Automatic Transmissions||2008||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM 6T40 transmission|GM 6T40 transmission]] (GF6) 

|- 

|B&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;0 ('07-'08 Antara)||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]] - Bupyeong plant||[[w:Bupyeong-gu|Bupyeong District]], [[w:Incheon|Incheon]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Buick Encore GX|Buick Encore GX]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Buick Envista|Buick Envista]] 

 
Engines: [[w:GM Family 0 engine|GM Family 0 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.3L Turbo 3-cylinder engine]] 

|1962&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br/&gt;1971 (engine plant)||&amp;nbsp;||Bupyeong has 2 vehicle assembly plants and a powertrain plant. The Bupyeong 2 Assembly Plant ended production on November 26, 2022. Bupyeong 2 was last producing the Chevrolet Malibu and Trax and Buick Encore.&lt;br /&gt;Past models : [[w:Chevrolet Aveo|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Sonic|Chevrolet Sonic]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Evanda|Chevrolet Evanda]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax#First generation (U200; 2013)|Chevrolet Trax]]&lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Buick Encore#First generation (2013)|Buick Encore]]&lt;br /&gt; 


[[w:Buick LaCrosse#Korean market: Alpheon|Alpheon]] 
 

[[w:Daewoo LeMans|Daewoo LeMans]], [[w:Daewoo Cielo|Daewoo Cielo]], [[w:Daewoo Espero|Daewoo Espero]], [[w:Daewoo Lanos|Daewoo Lanos]], [[w:Daewoo Leganza|Daewoo Leganza]], [[w:Daewoo Magnus|Daewoo Magnus]], [[w:Daewoo Tosca|Daewoo Tosca]], [[w:Daewoo Kalos|Daewoo Kalos]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)#T250|Daewoo Gentra]], [[w:Daewoo Winstorm|Daewoo Winstorm]] 
 

[[w:Holden Barina#Fifth generation (TK; 2005–2011)|Holden Barina (TK)]], [[w:Holden Barina#Sixth generation (TM; 2011–2018)|Holden Barina (TM)]], [[w:Opel Antara|Holden Captiva MaXX/Captiva 5]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Holden Captiva/Captiva 7]], [[w:Holden Epica|Holden Epica (EP)]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Holden Malibu (EM)]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax#First generation (U200; 2013)|Holden Trax (TJ)]] &lt;br /&gt;  
 

[[w:Opel Antara|GMC Terrain (Middle East only)]] &lt;br /&gt;  

[[w:Opel Mokka#First generation (J13; 2012)|Opel/Vauxhall Mokka]], [[w:Opel Antara|Opel/Vauxhall Antara]]&lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Pontiac LeMans#Sixth generation (1988–1993)|Pontiac LeMans]], [[w:Pontiac Wave|Pontiac Wave]], [[w:Pontiac G3|Pontiac G3]] &lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Suzuki Swift+|Suzuki Swift+]] (Canada only), [[w:Suzuki Verona|Suzuki Verona]] 

 
Past engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 engine]]  

|- 

|C||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]] - Changwon plant||[[w:Changwon|Changwon]], [[w:Gyeongsang Province|Gyeongsang Province]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||[[w:Chevrolet Trax#Second generation (2023)|Chevrolet Trax]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:GM small gasoline engine|GM small gasoline engine]] LV7, LE2&lt;br/&gt;Manual transmissions 

|1991||&amp;nbsp;||Past models: [[w:Daewoo Damas|Damas]], [[w:Daewoo Labo|Labo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Matiz|Daewoo Matiz]], [[w:Daewoo Tico|Daewoo Tico]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Karl|Opel Karl]]/[[w:Vauxhall Viva#Name revival|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac G2#Second generation (M200, M250; 2005)|Pontiac G2]], [[w:Pontiac Matiz#M150 (2000–2005)|Pontiac Matiz]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spark|Chevrolet Spark]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Spark EV|Chevrolet Spark EV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Spark#Australasia|Holden Barina Spark (MJ)]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Holden Spark|Holden Spark (MP)]]

 
Past engines: [[w:Daewoo S-TEC engine#S-TEC II|Daewoo S-TEC II]] 

|-

|J||[[w:Lansing Delta Township Assembly|Lansing Delta Township Assembly]]||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Traverse|Chevrolet Traverse]] (2010-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Enclave|Buick Enclave]] (2008-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Acadia#Third generation (2024)|GMC Acadia]] (2024-)||2006||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 8175 Millett Hwy. Originally opened to build Lambda-based crossovers. Switched to C1XX-based models for 2018. &lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Saturn Outlook|Saturn Outlook]] (2007-2010),&lt;br&gt;[[w:GMC Acadia#First generation (2007)|GMC Acadia]] (2007-2016), [[w:GMC Acadia#Acadia Limited|GMC Acadia Limited]] (2017), &lt;br&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Traverse#Second generation (2018)|Chevrolet Traverse Limited]] (2024)

|- 

|0||[[w:Lansing Grand River Assembly|Lansing Grand River Assembly]]/Stamping||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac CT5|Cadillac CT5]] (2020-2026)||2001||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 920 Townsend Street. Stamping plant added in 2016. This newly constructed plant was built on the grounds of the former Oldsmobile home plant complex in Lansing. The former Oldsmobile HQ building (&quot;Building 70&quot;) is still standing and still has &quot;Oldsmobile Administration Center&quot; carved into the marble barrier in front of the flagpole between the 2 stairways. Building 70 was Oldsmobile HQ from 1966-1996, when Oldsmobile HQ moved to Detroit. Building 70 is now vacant but the exterior is often used by GM for large ads that are wrapped around the side of the building on the corner of Townsend St. and William St. Originally opened to build vehicles on the Sigma platform. Started building vehicles on the Alpha platform for 2013.&lt;br /&gt; Past models: &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CTS|Cadillac CTS]] (2003-2019), [[w:Cadillac SRX#First generation (2004)|Cadillac SRX]] (2004-2009), [[w:Cadillac STS|Cadillac STS]] (2005-2011), [[w:Cadillac ATS|Cadillac ATS]] (2013-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (sixth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (2016-2024), [[w:Cadillac CT4|Cadillac CT4]] (2020-2026)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Lansing Regional Stamping]] (LRS)||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||2004|| ||Located within the Lansing Delta Assembly complex.  

|- 

|||[[w:Lansing Service Parts Operation|Lansing Redistribution Center]] (SPO)||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1960|| ||Located at 4400 West Mount Hope Road. Previously Lansing Plant 4. Now called Lansing Redistribution Center, part of GM Customer Care and Aftersales.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Lockport Operations]]||[[w:Lockport, NY|Lockport, NY]]||United States||Thermal products (climate control systems, powertrain cooling systems) and stators for EV motors.||1914||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 200 Upper Mountain Road. Founded in 1910 as the Harrison Radiator Company. Acquired by United Motors in 1916 which was then acquired by GM in 1918. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Harrison Thermal Systems); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 2009. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Marion Metal Center]]||[[w:Marion, Indiana|Marion, Indiana]]||United States||Sheetmetal stamped parts &amp; blanks for various GM models||1956||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2400 West Second St. Metal fabricating. Originally a Fisher Body division plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Mogi das Cruzes]]||[[w:Mogi das Cruzes|Mogi das Cruzes]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo state]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||Stampings for new &amp; replacement parts||1999||&amp;nbsp;||Stamping plant 

|-

|4||[[w:Orion Assembly|Orion Assembly]]||[[w:Orion Township, Michigan|Orion Township, Michigan]]||United States||Assembly of Battery packs for EVs:&lt;br&gt; Silverado EV, Sierra EV, Hummer EV, and Escalade IQ&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Scheduled for Early 2027:
[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Fifth-generation Silverado / sixth-generation Sierra (2026)|Chevrolet Silverado]] 1500 (2027-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sierra#Fifth-generation Silverado / sixth-generation Sierra (2026)|GMC Sierra]] 1500 (2027-) 
||1983||idled 2009; reopened 2011; idled 2023||Located at 4555 Giddings Road. Originally opened to build the 1985 Fwd C-bodies. Began building Fwd H-bodies for 1994. Began building Fwd G-bodies for 1995. On June 18, 2004, production of the Buick LeSabre &amp; Park Ave., the last 2 models built at Orion Assembly, ended. Plant was then converted from building full-size cars to midsize cars for 2005, beginning with the Pontiac G6. Idled during 2009 as part of GM's bankruptcy. Reopened in 2011 with the help of govt. incentives &amp; special agreement with the UAW to build the Chevy Sonic subcompact. Later added the Buick Verano compact car. In 2016, began building the Chevy Bolt EV, which was joined in 2021 by the slightly larger Bolt EUV. Idled in 2023 when both Bolts were discontinued. In late summer 2024, Orion Assembly began assembling battery cells supplied by Ultium Cells LLC in Warren, OH into packs which are then supplied to the Factory Zero plant for installation into the electric trucks &amp; SUVs made there. Orion was going to be converted to building electric trucks, supplementing Factory Zero's production of Silverado EV &amp; Sierra EV but that plan was postponed and later cancelled. In 2025, a new plan was announced for Orion to build fuel-powered Silverado &amp; Sierra 1500 pickups &amp; Escalade SUVs beginning in 2027.&lt;br&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Bolt EV|Chevrolet Bolt EV]] (2017-2023), [[w:Chevrolet Bolt EUV|Chevrolet &lt;br&gt; Bolt EUV]] (2022-2023), [[w:Cruise AV|Cruise AV]], [[w:Chevrolet Bolt#European countries|Opel Ampera-e]] (2017-19),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Sonic|Chevrolet Sonic]] (2012-2020), [[w:Buick Verano#First generation (2011)|Buick Verano]] (2012-2017), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Seventh generation (2008)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (2008-2010), [[w:Pontiac G6|Pontiac G6]] (2005-2010),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Riviera#Eighth generation (1995–1999)|Buick Riviera]] (1995-1999), [[w:Oldsmobile Aurora|Oldsmobile Aurora]] (1995-2003),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Park Avenue#Second generation (1997-2005)|Buick Park Avenue]] (1997-2005), [[w:Buick LeSabre#Eighth generation (2000–2005)|Buick LeSabre]] (2000-2005), [[w:Cadillac de Ville series#Sixth generation (1985–1993)|Cadillac DeVille]] (1985-1993), [[w:Cadillac Fleetwood#Front-wheel drive: 1985–1993|Cadillac Fleetwood]] (1985-1992), [[w:Cadillac Sixty Special#1987–1993|Cadillac Sixty Special]] (1989-1993), [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Tenth generation (1992–1999)|Oldsmobile 88]] (1994-99), [[w:Oldsmobile LSS|Oldsmobile LSS]] (1996-1999), [[w:Oldsmobile Regency|Oldsmobile Regency]] (1997-98), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#Eleventh generation (1985–1990)|Oldsmobile 98]] (1985-1990), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#Twelfth generation (1991–1996)|Oldsmobile 98]] (1991-1996), [[w:Oldsmobile Touring Sedan|Oldsmobile Touring Sedan]] (1988-1990),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Ninth generation (1992–1999)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1994-1998), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Tenth generation (2000–2005)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (2000-03)

|- 

|1 (2022-)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1 (Line 2 a.k.a. Consolidated Line)&lt;br&gt; (1984-2019)&lt;br&gt;/&lt;br /&gt;9 (Line 1 a.k.a. Flex Line)&lt;br&gt; (1984-2020)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1 (1967-1983)||[[w:Oshawa Car Assembly|Oshawa Car Assembly]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Fourth-generation Silverado / fifth-generation Sierra (T1XX; 2019)|Chevrolet Silverado HD]] (2022-)||1953||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 900 Park Rd South.&lt;br /&gt; 
Past models: [[w:Cadillac XTS|Cadillac XTS]] (2013-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1985, 2000-2020), [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Impala Limited (2014–2016)|Chevrolet Impala Limited]] (2014-2016), [[w:Chevrolet Lumina|Chevrolet Lumina]] (1990-2001), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1995-2007), [[w:Buick Century#Sixth generation (1997–2005)|Buick Century]] (1997-2005), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1988-2004, 2011-2017), [[w:Buick LaCrosse#First generation (2005)|Buick LaCrosse/Allure]] (2005-2009), [[w:Buick Special#1949–1958|Buick Special]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1966), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1966), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1954-1966), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1954-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1954-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1955-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1975), [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (2010-2015), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1985), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2011-2017), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]] (1962-1967),&lt;br&gt; [[w:General Motors A platform (1925)#1964|A-body (rwd) cars]]: [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1977)/[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1983)/[[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1971-1981)/ [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]]/[[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]]/[[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1971, 1973-1981)/[[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1970)/[[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]]/[[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:General Motors A platform (1982)|A-body (fwd) cars]]: [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1987)/[[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1982-1988)/[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1985-1988),&lt;br&gt;  [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Sixth generation (1977–1981)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1977-1981), [[w:Pontiac Catalina#1977–1981|Pontiac Catalina]] (1977-1981), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Eighth generation (2004–2008)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (2004-2008), [[w:Pontiac Catalina#Canada and Canadian exports|Pontiac Laurentian]] (1954-1981), [[w:Pontiac Parisienne|Pontiac Parisienne]] (1958-1984, US: 1983-1984), [[w:Pontiac Pathfinder|Pontiac Pathfinder]] (1954-1958), [[w:Pontiac Catalina#Canada and Canadian exports|Pontiac Strato Chief]] (1958-1970), [[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (1962-1967), [[w:Beaumont (automobile)|Beaumont]] (1966-1969),  [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Third-generation Silverado / fourth-generation Sierra (K2XX; 2014)|Chevrolet Silverado 1500 LD/2500HD]] (2019),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Third-generation Silverado / fourth-generation Sierra (K2XX; 2014)|GMC Sierra 1500 Limited/2500HD]] (2019),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Fourth-generation Silverado / fifth-generation Sierra (T1XX; 2019)|Chevrolet Silverado 1500]] (2022-2026). &lt;br /&gt; 

VIN code 1 (1984-2019): Chevrolet Celebrity (1984-1987), Pontiac 6000 (1984-1985), Buick Regal (1988-2004), Chevrolet Lumina 4-d (1990-2001), Buick Century (1997-05), Pontiac Grand Prix (2004-2008), Buick LaCrosse/Allure (2005-2009), Chevrolet Impala (2008-2013), Chevrolet&lt;br /&gt; Impala Limited (2014-2016), Chevrolet Equinox (2011-2017), Chevrolet Silverado 1500 LD/2500HD (2019),&lt;br /&gt; GMC Sierra 1500 Limited/2500HD (2019)

VIN code 9: Chevrolet Impala (1984-1985), Chevrolet Caprice (1984-1985), Pontiac Parisienne (1984), Pontiac 6000 (1985-1988), Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera (1985-1988), Chevrolet Lumina 4-d (1990-1999),  Chevrolet Lumina 2-d (1990-1994), Chevrolet Monte Carlo (1995-07), Chevrolet Impala (2000-08), Chevrolet Camaro (2010-2015), Buick Regal (2011-2017), Cadillac XTS (2013-2019), Chevrolet Impala (2014-2020) 

The current Oshawa complex (South plant; also known as Autoplex beginning in the 1980's) opened on November 7, 1953. The passenger car assembly plant had 2 assembly lines.  Operations were gradually moved from the older North plant to the newer South plant. Originally built Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, and Buick models. However, Oldsmobile production ended in 1969 and Buick production ended in 1971. Oldsmobile production resumed with the '85 Cutlass Ciera while Buick production resumed with the '88 Regal. Oldsmobile production again ended in 1988 while Buick production continued through 2017 with a temporary hiatus in 2009-2010 calendar years. Pontiac production at Oshawa ended after 1988; only resuming in 2003 for the '04 Grand Prix. Pontiac production at Oshawa ended for good in 2008. Cadillac production began at the Oshawa South plant for the first time in 2012 with the 2013 XTS. Full-size pickups were built on Line 2 for 2019. This was the first time that pickups were built on one of Oshawa's passenger car assembly lines and the first time that pickups were made in Oshawa since Oshawa Truck closed in 2009. The last XTS was built on Sept. 10, 2019, the last Oshawa-built Impala on Oct. 25, 2019, &amp; the last pickups on Dec. 18, 2019. Vehicle production at the South plant ended in 2019; plant will be transformed for stamping and production of body panels and subassemblies. Restart of vehicle production announced in Nov. 2020 - Truck production started in late 2021 with Silverado HD followed by the Silverado 1500 in 2022. Oshawa is now the only plant producing both Silverado 1500 &amp; Silverado HD.

Oshawa also produced face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic starting in 2020.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Oshawa Metal|Oshawa Metal]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||Stamped metal parts for new production and for service parts||1986||&amp;nbsp;||Part of the overall Oshawa Assembly complex (Autoplex) on Park Road South. Located at 1000 Park Road South. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Parma Metal Center|Parma Metal Center]]||[[w:Parma, Ohio|Parma, Ohio]]||United States||Sheetmetal stampings &amp; assemblies for various GM models||1948||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 5400 Chevrolet Blvd.&lt;br /&gt; Metal fabricating 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Pontiac Metal Center]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Sheetmetal stampings &amp; assemblies for various GM models||1926||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 260 E. Beverly Ave.&lt;br /&gt;Metal fabricating&lt;br /&gt;Originally, an [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland Motor Car]] plant. Last remaining manufacturing plant of the original Pontiac Assembly complex, which was Pontiac's home plant. 

|-

|S||[[w:Ramos Arizpe Assembly|Ramos Arizpe Assembly]]||[[w:Ramos Arizpe|Ramos Arizpe]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Blazer EV|Chevrolet Blazer EV]] (2024-) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Equinox EV|Chevrolet Equinox EV]] (2024-) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Optiq|Cadillac Optiq EV]] (2025-) ||1981||&amp;nbsp;||Ramos Arizpe opened building 4 Chevrolet models for the Mexican market: Citation, Celebrity, Malibu, and Monte Carlo. The 1985 El Camino &amp; Caballero were the first Mexican-built GM models to be sold in the US. GM began exporting the Celebrity to the US for 1987 followed by the Buick Century for 1989. GM began exporting the Chevy Cavalier to the US for 1991 followed by the Pontiac Sunbird for 1993, which was replaced by the Sunfire for 1995. Stamping plant added in 1995 and a paint shop added in 1997. The plant was expanded to add a 2nd assembly line to build the Pontiac Aztek for 2001, followed by the Buick Rendezvous for 2002. The 2nd line was also used to build the Chevy HHR, Saturn Vue, Chevy Captiva Sport, Cadillac SRX, &amp; Saab 9-4X. Some 2nd gen. Chevy Cruze sedans made at Ramos Arizpe were sold in the US for the '16-'17 model years. All 2nd gen. Chevy Cruze 5-d hatchbacks ('17-'19) were made in Ramos Arizpe. All Chevy Cruze production at Ramos Arizpe ended in &lt;br&gt; Dec. 2018. The Cruze was the last passenger car made at Ramos Arizpe. A new paint shop was added in 2021, replacing the original from 1997. EV production began in 2023.&lt;br /&gt;Past Models: &lt;br&gt; Mexico or Latin America only: [[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1982-1986), [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1986), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo#Fourth generation (1981–1988)|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1981-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Chevrolet Cutlass (Mexico only)]], [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Chevrolet Century (Mexico only)]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevy|Chevrolet Chevy]] (Mexico: 1995-2012), [[w:Chevrolet Captiva Sport|Chevrolet Captiva Sport]] (2008-2017), [[w:Chevrolet Sonic|Chevrolet Sonic]] (Mexico: 2012-2017).&lt;br&gt; Export to US: [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1985-1987), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1985-1987), [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (US: 1987-1989), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1989-1994), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1991-2004), [[w:Pontiac Sunbird#Second generation (1982–1988)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1993-1994), [[w:Pontiac Sunfire|Pontiac Sunfire]] (1995-2005), [[w:Pontiac Aztek|Pontiac Aztek]] (2001-2005), [[w:Buick Rendezvous|Buick Rendezvous]] (2002-2007), [[w:Chevrolet HHR|Chevrolet HHR]] (2006-2011), [[w:Saturn Vue#Second generation (2008)|Saturn Vue]] (2008-2010), [[w:Chevrolet Captiva Sport|Chevrolet Captiva Sport]] (US: 2012-2015),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac SRX#Second generation (2010)|Cadillac SRX]] (2010-2016), [[w:Saab 9-4X|Saab 9-4X]] (2011),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#Second generation (J400)|Chevrolet Cruze]] (2016-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Third generation (2018)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2018-2024), [[w:Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (2019-2026), [[w:Honda Prologue|Honda Prologue EV]] (2024-26).&lt;br&gt; Export to Australia/New Zealand:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Holden Equinox|Holden Equinox (EQ)]] (2018-2020)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Ramos Arizpe Engine||[[w:Ramos Arizpe|Ramos Arizpe]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.2L Turbo 3-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V Small Block V8 &amp; V6]]||1982||&amp;nbsp;||Past engines: [[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine|Chevrolet 60° V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM High Value engine|GM High Value V6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM High Feature engine|GM High Feature V6]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Ramos Arizpe Transmission||[[w:Ramos Arizpe|Ramos Arizpe]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||VT40 (CVT250) [[w:Continuously variable transmission|CVT]] transmission ||1999||&amp;nbsp;||Past transmissions: [[w:GM 4L60-E transmission|4L60-E/4L65-E 4-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission|6T70/6T75 6-speed automatic (GF6)]]&lt;br /&gt;4ET50 EVT (for [[w:Chevrolet Volt|Chevrolet Volt]])&lt;br /&gt;4ET55 EVT (for [[w:Cadillac ELR|Cadillac ELR]]) 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Rochester Products Division|Rochester Operations]]||[[w:Rochester, NY|Rochester, NY]]||United States||Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac, and Buick Components - Engine management systems, fuel injection systems, and related products. ||1939||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1000 Lexington Avenue. Founded in 1908 as the Rochester Coil Company. Renamed North East Electric Company in 1909. Acquired by GM in 1929. In 1930, merged with Delco-Light Co. to become Delco Appliance. A planned, second Delco Appliance plant on Lexington Ave. in Rochester instead became the Rochester Products Division of GM in 1939. This division made carburetors, fuel injection systems, &amp; other fuel system equipment. During WWII, it made warplane and tank electrical accessories. In 1981, Rochester Products Division merged with GM's Diesel Equipment Division of Grand Rapids, Michigan retaining the Rochester Products Division name. On August 30, 1988, Rochester Products Division merged with GM's AC Spark Plug Division to form the AC Rochester Division. The Grand Rapids-based diesel fuel-injection business of the former Diesel Equipment Division was sold on August 26 to a joint venture of G.M. and the Penske Corporation called Diesel Technology Corporation (80% Penske, 20% Detroit Diesel, itself a joint venture between Penske &amp; GM). Robert Bosch invested in Diesel Technology Corporation in 1992, eventually taking over the whole company by 2002. AC Rochester merged with parts of Delco Remy (the parts not spun off into Remy International) in 1994 to form AC Delco Systems. AC Delco Systems became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Rochester Powertrain); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 2009. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Romulus Engine|Romulus Engine]]||[[w:Romulus, Michigan|Romulus, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GM High Feature engine#Fourth generation|Gen4 High Feature V6]] 

||1976||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 36880 Ecorse Road. Originally part of GM's Detroit Diesel Allison Division where it built diesel engines and components. Switched to gasoline engines in the 1980's.&lt;br /&gt; Past engines: [[w:Chevrolet 90° V6 engine|Chevrolet 90° V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation III (1997–2007)|Gen III Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine#Generation IV (2005–2020)|Gen IV Small Block V8]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Romulus Engine|Romulus Transmission]]||[[w:Romulus, Michigan|Romulus, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:&quot;Ford-GM 10-speed automatic transmission#General Motors|10L80/90 Transmission]]||1995||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 36880 Ecorse Road.&lt;br /&gt;Past transmissions: [[w:GM 4L60-E transmission|GM 4L60-E transmission]] 

|-

|R||Rosario||[[w:Alvear, Santa Fe|Alvear]], [[w:Rosario Department|Rosario Department]], [[w:Santa Fe Province|Santa Fe Province]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]] 

 
Engines: [[w:GM small gasoline engine#LE2|1.4L Turbo I4 LE2]] 

||1997||&amp;nbsp;||Engine plant added in 2016.  

Past Models: 

[[w:Chevrolet Cruze#Second generation (J400)|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa C]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B|Chevrolet Corsa B/Corsa Classic/Classic]], [[w:Chevrolet Agile|Chevrolet Agile]]&lt;br /&gt; and [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#Second generation|Suzuki Grand Vitara/Chevrolet Tracker]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Saginaw Metal Casting Operations|Saginaw Metal Casting Operations]]||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Metal casting for powertrains (High Feature V6 engine): engine blocks, heads, and crankshafts&lt;br/&gt;Front 4WD axle assembly castings||1919||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1629 N. Washington Avenue. Originally the Grey Iron Foundry, a part of General Motors Saginaw Products Co. and renamed as Chevrolet Saginaw Grey Iron Foundry when transferred to Chevrolet Motor Division in 1927. Moved to Central Foundry Division in 1983. Joins GM Powertrain Division in 1991. Renamed Saginaw Metal Casting Operations in 1994 to reflect that it now pours aluminum. First production aluminum heads produced in 1995. Over the years, it has produced both cast iron and cast aluminum engine blocks for the Chevy Small-Block V8. 

|-

|L||[[w:San Luis Potosí Assembly|San Luis Potosí Assembly]]||[[w:San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Fourth generation (2025)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2025-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Terrain#Third generation (2025)|GMC Terrain]] (2025-)||2008||&amp;nbsp;||Note: Aveo &amp; G3 made in San Luis Potosi were not sold in the US but they were sold in Canada. Onix was not sold in the US or Canada. 2013-2014 Trax was sold in Canada &amp; Mexico but not in the US.&lt;br&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo (T250)]] (2009-2018)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac G3|Pontiac G3/G3 Wave]] (2009-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]] (2020-2022)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trax#First generation (U200; 2013)|Chevrolet Trax]] (2013-2020)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Third generation (2018)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2018-2024)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/mid/home/displayfile/7c659360-416a-4e96-ae38-0b69d916c106|title=GM Vehicle Identification Numbering Standard - 2021 - United States and Canada|date=August 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Terrain#Second generation (2018)|GMC Terrain]] (2018-2024)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||San Luis Potosí Transmission||[[w:San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||FWD GF9 9 Speed Transmissions||2009||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission|GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission]] 6T40/45 (GF6) 

|-

|B||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|São Caetano do Sul Assembly]]||[[w:São Caetano do Sul|São Caetano do Sul]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]|| [[w:Chevrolet Montana#Third generation (2022)|Chevrolet Montana]] &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spin|Chevrolet Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]]&lt;br /&gt; ||1930||&amp;nbsp;||Past Models: [[w:Opel Astra#G|Chevrolet Astra]], [[w:Opel Astra#H |Chevrolet Vectra/Vectra GT]] (both until 2011), [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1985–1996|Chevrolet Bonanza]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1964–1984|Chevrolet C-10/C-14/C-15/Chevy 4/D-10/A-10]], [[w:Chevrolet D-20|Chevrolet A-10/C-10/A-20/C-20/D-20]], Chevrolet A40/D40, [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Comodoro|Chevrolet Comodoro]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Chevrolet Corsa B]], [[w:Chevrolet Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa Classic]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Chevrolet Diplomata|Chevrolet Diplomata]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix|Chevrolet Joy]], [[w:Chevrolet Kadett|Chevrolet Kadett]] 1996-1998, [[w:Chevrolet Montana#Second generation (2011–2021)|Chevrolet Montana]], [[w:Opel Ascona#Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]], [[w:Chevrolet Omega#Omega A|Chevrolet Omega A]], [[w:Chevrolet Opala|Chevrolet Opala]], [[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Chevrolet Vectra A]], [[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Chevrolet Vectra B]], [[w:Chevrolet Veraneio|Chevrolet C-1416/Veraneio]], Chevrolet 3100/Brasil/Amazona/Alvorada/Corisco, Chevrolet 6500, Chevrolet C64/C65/C68/D64/D65/D68/D74/D75/D78,&lt;br&gt; Bus bodies, Frigidaire appliances 

|- 

|C||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|São José dos Campos Assembly]]||[[w:São José dos Campos|São José dos Campos]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]|| 

[[w:Chevrolet S-10#Third generation (2012)|Chevrolet S-10]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#Second generation (RG; 2011)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]] 

 
Engines:&lt;br/&gt; 2.8L turbodiesel &lt;br&gt; 4-cylinder engines&lt;br /&gt;

Transmissions 

|1959||&amp;nbsp;||Supplied 1.8L &amp; 2.0L SOHC Family II I4 engines to the US from 1982-1994. &lt;br /&gt;Past Models: [[w:Chevrolet Montana#First generation (2003–2010)|Chevrolet Montana]]&lt;br /&gt;  [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa C]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa Sedan C]], [[w:Opel Meriva#First generation (2003)|Chevrolet Meriva]], [[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999–2006)|Chevrolet Zafira]] (all until 2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevette|Chevrolet Chevette]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Chevy 500|Chevrolet Chevy 500]], [[w:Chevrolet Kadett|Chevrolet Kadett]] 1989-1996, [[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|Chevrolet S-10]],  [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1997–2002|Chevrolet Silverado D20]], Chevrolet 11000/12000/14000/22000, [[w:GMC Chevette|GMC Chevette]], [[w:GMC Chevette|GMC 500]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1997–2002|GMC 6-100/6-150/3500HD]], [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Second generation (1990–2002)|GMC 12-170/14-190/16-220]], [[w:Isuzu Forward|GMC 15-190]] 

Engines including: [[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine#261|Chevrolet Jobmaster 261 I6]], [[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine#Brazil|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder]], [[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine]], [[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 engine]], [[w:GM Family II engine|GM Family II engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Detroit Diesel Series 53&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions  

|-

|G||[[Silao Assembly]]||[[w:Silao, Mexico|Silao]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (2006-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|GMC Sierra]] (2006-), Chevrolet Cheyenne (Mexico)||1995||&amp;nbsp;|| Stamping plant added in 1997. Began by building full-size SUVs for 1995. Was the sole assembler of GM's full-size SUTs. Began building full-size pickups for 2006. Full-size SUV production moved entirely to Arlington Assembly after the 2009 model year.&lt;br&gt; Past production models: [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1995-2009), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Eighth generation (1992)|GMC Suburban]] (1995-1999), [[w:GMC Yukon XL|GMC Yukon XL]] (2000-2006), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Second generation (2002)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]] (2003-2006),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Suburban (eighth generation)#Holden Suburban|Holden Suburban (K8)]] (1998-2001),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Avalanche|Chevrolet Avalanche]] (2002-2013),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Escalade EXT|Cadillac Escalade EXT]] (2002-2013)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Silao Engine||[[w:Silao, Mexico|Silao]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V Small Block V8]]||2001||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation IV (2005–2020)|Gen IV Small Block V8]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Silao Transmission||[[w:Silao, Mexico|Silao]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:GM 8L45 transmission|8L45]], [[w:GM 8L90 transmission|8L90]], [[w:Ford-GM 10-speed automatic transmission|10L80]]||2008||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L50]], [[w:GM 6L80 transmission|6L80/90]] 

|-

|Z,&lt;br /&gt;S (Traverse &amp; Vue)||[[w:Spring Hill Manufacturing|Spring Hill Manufacturing]]||[[w:Spring Hill, Tennessee|Spring Hill, Tennessee]]||United States||&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Cadillac XT5|Cadillac XT5]]&lt;br&gt; (2017-2026)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Lyriq|Cadillac Lyriq]] (2023-) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Vistiq|Cadillac Vistiq]] (2026-) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (Starting 2027) &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM small gasoline engine#1.5|1.5L Turbo I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Ecotec engine#Generation III|Ecotec Gen III 2.0L Turbo I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM L3B engine|2.7L L3B turbo I4]]&lt;br /&gt;5.3 &amp; 6.2 [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V &lt;br /&gt;Small-Block V8 Engine]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Stamping&lt;br /&gt;Components||1990||2009-2012||Located at 100 Saturn Parkway. The original home of the [[w:Saturn Corporation|Saturn]] brand. Originally, Saturn built everything here - all its vehicles, engines, transmissions, stampings, and components. But, gradually, Saturn production was broadened to other plants and by 2007, Saturn production in Spring Hill had ended. Spring Hill made products for other GM brands and has continued to do so since Saturn was closed down during GM's bankruptcy. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Saturn S-Series|Saturn S-Series]] (1991-2002), [[w:Saturn Ion|Saturn Ion]] (2003-2007), [[w:Saturn Vue#First generation (2002)|Saturn Vue]] (2002-2007), [[w:Chevrolet Traverse#First generation (2009)|Chevrolet Traverse]] (2009-2010), [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2013-2016), [[w:GMC Acadia#Second generation (2017)|GMC Acadia]] (2017-2023), [[w:Holden Acadia|Holden Acadia (AC)]], [[w:Cadillac XT6|Cadillac XT6]] (2020-2025),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Acura ZDX#Second generation (2024)|Acura ZDX EV]] (2024).&lt;br /&gt;  


Past Engines: [[w:Saturn I4 engine|Saturn I4 engine]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.4|Ecotec Gen II 2.4L I4]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:GM Ecotec engine#LHU (A20NFT Opel)|Ecotec Gen II LHU 2.0L Turbo I4]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#Generation III|Ecotec Gen III 2.5L I4]] &lt;br /&gt;  
 

[[w:Saturn MP transmission|Saturn MP series manual and automatic transmissions]] Transmission production in Spring Hill ended in 2002.  
 

Ion production ended March 28, 2007 and was replaced by the Belgian-built Astra for the 2008 model year. Vue production ended March 30, 2007 and moved to Mexico for the 2008 model year. Assembly was idled for more than a year beginning April 1, 2007 for conversion to Chevy Traverse production. Traverse production began September 2, 2008. Assembly idled in November 2009 when Chevy Traverse production was moved to Lansing Delta Township Assembly. Assembly reopened in September 2012&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/18/business/general-motors-said-to-offer-bonuses-in-new-deal-with-workers.html | work=The New York Times | author1=Bill Vlasic | author2=Nick Bunkley | title=G.M. Will Offer Bonuses in New Deal With Workers | date=September 17, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; to produce the [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Equinox]].  

 
Spring Hill also includes a plastic injection molding operation that produce various plastic components. Plastic components have also been produced for models not built in Spring Hill such as [[w:Chevrolet Traverse|Chevrolet Traverse]] and the [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C7)|Chevrolet Corvette (C7)]].

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:St. Catharines Engine Plant|St. Catharines Propulsion Plant]]||[[w:St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;Engine components||1954||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 570 Glendale Avenue. Operated as part of GM subsidiary McKinnon Industries, Ltd. until 1969 when it became &quot;General Motors of Canada Limited, St. Catharines&quot;. The Tremec TR-9080 8-speed dual clutch transmission used in the C8 Corvette was built by GM at St. Catharines under license from Tremec from the beginning of 2022 model year production through the end of the 2024 calendar year. It then moved to a Tremec plant in Michigan.&lt;br /&gt;Previously:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift I6 engine]] (1963-1967)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile V8 engine|Oldsmobile Rocket V8 engine]] (through 1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V6 engine#225|Buick 225 V6 engine]] (through 1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V8 engine|Buick V8 engine]] (300, 340, 401) (through 1966)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine|Chevrolet 60° OHV V6 engine]] (2.8, 3.1)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine#LQ1|Chevrolet 3.4L DOHC LQ1 V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM High Feature engine|High Feature V6 engine]] (2.8, 3.6)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)|Chevrolet Small-Block V8]] (265/267/283/305/307/327/350)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation III (1997–2007)|Gen III Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine#Generation IV (2005–2020)|Gen IV Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6T40 transmission|(GF6) 6T45 6-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Tremec|Tremec]] TR-9080 8-speed dual clutch transmission 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toledo Transmission|Toledo Transmission]]||[[w:Toledo, Ohio|Toledo, Ohio]]||United States||Transmissions:&lt;br /&gt; RWD GM-Allison 10-speed (10L1000) (AB1V) / 8-speed ([[w:GM 8L45 transmission|8L45]] &amp; [[w:GM 8L90 transmission|8L90]]) &lt;br /&gt; FWD GF9 9 Speed Transmissions||1956|| ||Located at 1455 West Alexis Road. Acquired from the former Martin-Parry Corporation in 1955. Replaced the older Toledo plant on Central Ave. &lt;br /&gt;Previously:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Turbo-Hydramatic#THM350|THM350 3-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Turbo-Hydramatic#THM700R4 / 4L60 / 4L60E / 4L65E / 4L70E|THM700R4/4L60 4-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4L60-E transmission|4L60-E/4L65-E/4L70-E 4-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6T40 transmission|(GF6) 6T30/35/40/45/50 6-speed automatic]] &lt;br /&gt; ([[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L45/6L50]] &amp; [[w:GM 6L80 transmission|6L80/6L90]]) 6-speed automatics

|-

||&amp;nbsp;||Toluca Engine||[[w:Toluca|Toluca]], [[w:State of Mexico|State of Mexico]] 

|[[w:Mexico|Mexico]] 

|[[w:GM small gasoline engine|GM Small Gasoline Engine 1.4L/1.5L I4]] (including 1.5 turbo LSD I4 for Equinox/Terrain)

[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine#Vortec 3000|Vortec 3000 Marine &amp; Industrial 4-cyl. engine]]&lt;br /&gt;  

5.0 &amp; 5.7 Marine &amp; Industrial V8 engines&lt;br /&gt; 

Small-Block V8 engines for the aftermarket&lt;br /&gt;  

Aluminum Foundry&lt;br /&gt;  

|1965 

| 

|Past engines: 
[[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 I4 engine]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine#292|Chevrolet 292 (4.8L) Inline-6]]

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Tonawanda Engine|Tonawanda Engine]]||[[w:Buffalo, New York|Buffalo, New York]]||United States||[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LV1|LV1]] 4.3L V6 

 
[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L84|L84]] 5.3L V8 

 
[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L86/L87|L87]] 6.2L V8 

 
[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT2|LT2]] 6.2L V8 

 
[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L8T|L8T/L8S]] 6.6L V8 

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#LSY|LSY]] 2.0T I4 

 
|1938 

|&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2995 River Rd. Includes 3 plants. Plant #1 opened in 1938. Plant #4 opened in 1941. Plant #5 opened in 2001.  

Past engines:  

Built the [[w:Pratt &amp; Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp|Pratt &amp; Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp]] radial engine used in the [[w:B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] bomber during WW-2 

Built the [[w:Pratt &amp; Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp|Pratt &amp; Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp]] radial engine used in the [[w:P-61 Black Widow|P-61 Black Widow]] &amp; [[w:P-47 Thunderbolt|P-47 Thunderbolt]] fighters during WW-2 


[[w:Chevrolet 2300 engine|Chevrolet 2300 engine]] (Vega I4)


[[w:General Motors 122 engine|Chevrolet 122 engine]] (1.8/2.0/2.2L OHV I4)

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.2|Ecotec 2.2L Gen I]] (L850) 

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.2_2|Ecotec 2.2L Gen II]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.4|Ecotec 2.4L Gen II]] 

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#LTG|Ecotec Gen III LTG 2.0T I-4]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.5|Ecotec 2.5L Gen III]] 


[[w:General Motors Atlas engine#LK5 (Vortec 2800)|Atlas 2.8/2.9 I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors Atlas engine#L52 (Vortec 3500)|Atlas 3.5/3.7 I5]] 
 

[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Air 6 engine|Corvair Flat-6 (all)]] 


[[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine#Second generation: 1937–1962|Chevrolet Stovebolt / Blue Flame I6]] 


[[w:Chevrolet 90° V6 engine|Chevrolet 3.3L/3.8L/4.3L 90° V6]] 

 
[[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine|Chevrolet 60° V6 engine]], [[w:GM High Value engine|High Value 3.9L V6]] 

 
[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)|Chevrolet Small-Block V8]] 


[[w:Chevrolet Big-Block engine|Chevrolet Big-Block V8]] 

 
Gen V Small-Block 90° V6/V8: [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LV3|LV3]] 4.3L V6, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L82|L82]] 5.3L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L83|L83]] 5.3L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L86|L86]] 6.2L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LT1|LT1]] 6.2L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LT4|LT4 6.2L Supercharged V8]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ultium#Production|Ultium Cells LLC - Spring Hill]]||[[w:Spring Hill, Tennessee|Spring Hill, Tennessee]]||United States||Ultium lithium-ion battery cells for EV's,&lt;br&gt; LFP batteries for energy storage systems||2024|| || Owned by Ultium Cells LLC, a 50/50 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:LG Energy Solution|LG Energy Solution]]. This is Ultium Cells' second plant. Located at 301 Donald F Ephlin Pkwy.
  
|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ultium#Production|Ultium Cells LLC - Warren]]||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||Ultium lithium-ion battery cells for EV's||2022|| || Owned by Ultium Cells LLC, a 50/50 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:LG Energy Solution|LG Energy Solution]]. This is Ultium Cells' first plant. Located at 7400 Tod Ave SW.
 
|- 

|1||[[w:Wentzville Assembly|Wentzville Assembly]]||[[w:Wentzville, Missouri|Wentzville, Missouri]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Express|Chevrolet Express]] (1996-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Savana|GMC Savana]] (1996-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Colorado|Chevrolet Colorado]] (2015-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Canyon|GMC Canyon]] (2015-)||1983||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1500 E. Rte. A. Originally opened to build the 1985 Fwd C-bodies. Began building Fwd H-bodies for 1986. On Oct. 29, 1991, Wentzville built the 30 millionth Pontiac, a white 1992 Bonneville SSEi. Ended passenger car production in 1994. Converted to truck production. Began building full-size vans in 1996. Added midsize pickups in 2014.  &lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Buick Electra#Sixth generation (1985–1990)|Buick Electra]] (1985-1990), [[w:Buick Park Avenue#First generation (1991–1996)|Buick Park Avenue]] (1991-1994), [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Ninth generation (1986–1991)|Oldsmobile Delta 88/88]] (1986-1991),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Tenth generation (1992–1999)|Oldsmobile 88]] (1992-1993), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#Eleventh generation (1985–1990)|Oldsmobile 98]] (1985-1989), [[w:Oldsmobile Touring Sedan|Oldsmobile Touring Sedan]] (1989),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Eighth generation (1987–1991)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1989-1991), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Ninth generation (1992–1999)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1992-93)

|-

|A||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Shanghai plant||[[w:Jinqiao|Jinqiao]], [[w:Pudong|Pudong]] district, [[w:Shanghai|Shanghai]]||[[w:China|China]]||[[w:Cadillac CT4|Cadillac CT4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CT5|Cadillac CT5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CT6|Cadillac CT6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Lyriq|Cadillac Lyriq]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Vistiq|Cadillac Vistiq]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Cadillac XT4|Cadillac XT4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac XT5|Cadillac XT5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac XT6|Cadillac XT6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Enclave#China (2020)|Buick Enclave]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Third generation (2017–present)|Buick GL8 ES/Avenir/PHEV (Mk III)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Fourth generation (2022)|Buick GL8 Century (Mk IV)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Electra Encasa (2025)|Buick Electra Encasa (Mk V)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick LaCrosse|Buick LaCrosse]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Sixth generation (2018)|Buick Regal]] (E2XX)&lt;br /&gt;Engines&lt;br /&gt;Engine components&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions&lt;br /&gt;Ultium batteries||1998||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. There are 3 vehicle production plants (North, South, &amp; East). North was the original plant. South began production in 2005. The East or &quot;Cadillac&quot; plant began production in 2016. On October 28, 2025, the Shanghai plant produced its 4 millionth vehicle, a 2026 Cadillac XT5.  

Past models: [[w:Buick Century#Sixth generation (1997–2005)|Buick New Century]] (W-body)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle#First generation (J200; 2003)|Buick Excelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#First generation (2000–2016)|Buick GL8 Mk I (1999-2004)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Park Avenue#Third generation (2007–2012)|Buick Park Avenue (WM)]] (CKD)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#China|Buick Regal]] (W-body)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Fifth generation (2008)|Buick Regal]] (Epsilon II)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Sail|Buick Sail]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Velite 5|Buick Velite 5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Velite 7|Buick Velite 7]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu XL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)#Chinese version|Chevrolet Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac ATS#ATS-L|Cadillac ATS-L]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CTS#First generation (2003)|Cadillac CTS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac STS#Chinese Cadillac SLS|Cadillac SLS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac XTS|Cadillac XTS]]&lt;br /&gt; 

Past Engines: [[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine#Production in China by SAIC-GM|Chevrolet 60° OHV V6]] 

|-

|D||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Dongyue Motors||[[w:Yantai|Yantai]], [[w:Shandong|Shandong]]||[[w:China|China]]||[[w:Buick Envision|Buick Envision]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac GT4|Cadillac GT4]]||2001||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. Originally founded in 2001 as Yantai Bodyshop Corp. which built Daewoo vehicles ([[w:Daewoo Lanos|Daewoo Lanos]]) under license from Daewoo Motor Co. SAIC-GM took over the plant in 2002. There are 2 vehicle production plants (North &amp; South). SAIC-GM Dongyue Motors joint venture is owned 50% by SAIC-GM, 25% by GM China, &amp; 25% by SAIC. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Buick Encore#First generation (2013)|Buick Encore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Encore GX|Buick Encore GX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Encore GX|Buick Encore Plus]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle#Second generation (2018)|Buick Excelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle GT#First generation (2009)|Buick Excelle GT/XT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Buick Sail|Buick Sail]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Second generation (T300; 2012)|Chevrolet Aveo (T300)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Third generation (2014)|Chevrolet Aveo (Mex.)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Chevrolet Sail|Chevrolet Corsa Plus (Chile)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Magnus|Chevrolet Epica (V200)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Tosca|Chevrolet Epica]] (V250)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Lova]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lova RV|Chevrolet Lova RV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando#Second generation (2018)|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail|Chevrolet Sail]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Trax]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Dongyue Powertrain||[[w:Yantai|Yantai]], [[w:Shandong|Shandong]]||[[w:China|China]]||Engines&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions including: [[w:GM 6T40 transmission|6T30/6T40/6T45/6T50]], [[w:Continuously variable transmission|CVT]]||1999||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. Originally founded in 1999 as Shandong Daewoo Automotive Engine Co., Ltd., a 50/50 joint venture between Daewoo Motor Co. &amp; Chinese partners owned by the Shandong provincial govt. SAIC-GM took over the plant in 2005. SAIC-GM Dongyue Powertrain joint venture is owned 50% by SAIC-GM, 25% by GM China, &amp; 25% by SAIC. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past Engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine#Generation III|Family I, Gen 3 engine]]   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Norsom Motors||[[w:Shenyang|Shenyang]], [[w:Liaoning|Liaoning]]||[[w:China|China]]|| ||1992||2025||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. Originally founded in 1992 as Jinbei GM Automotive Co. Ltd., a 30/70 joint venture between GM &amp; Shenyang Jinbei Automotive. Restructured into a 50/50 joint venture between GM &amp; Jinbei in 1998. SAIC-GM took over the joint venture in 2004, buying out Jinbei. The new SAIC-GM Norsom Motors joint venture is owned 50% by SAIC-GM, 25% by GM China, &amp; 25% by SAIC. Plant closed in February 2025 due to declining sales in China by SAIC-GM.

Past models:&lt;br /&gt; Jinbei GM:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995–2005)|Chevrolet Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Crew Cab]]&lt;br /&gt;SAIC-GM:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Seeker|Chevrolet Seeker]]&lt;br/&gt; [[w:Buick Encore#Second generation (2020)|Buick Encore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Envista|Buick Envista]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#First generation (2000–2016)|Buick GL8 Mk I (2004-2016)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Second generation (2010-present)|Buick GL8 Land Business Class (Mk II) (2010-2025)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Verano#Second generation (2016)|Buick Verano]] &lt;br/&gt; Engines

|- 

|V||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Wuhan Branch||[[w:Wuhan|Wuhan]], [[w:Hubei|Hubei]]||[[w:China|China]]||[[w:Buick Verano#Third generation (Pro, 2021)|Buick Verano Pro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Velite 6|Buick Velite 6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra E5|Buick Electra E5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra L7|Buick Electra L7]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra E7|Buick Electra E7]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Optiq|Cadillac Optiq]]&lt;br /&gt; Engines||2015&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Joseph Szczesny |date=30 January 2015 |title=Ford, GM Implement Expansion Plans in China |work=The Detroit Bureau |url=https://www.thedetroitbureau.com/2015/01/ford-gm-implement-expansion-plans-in-china/ |access-date=19 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Jamie L. LaReau |date=27 February 2020 |title=Restart of GM's plant in China stalls due to coronavirus crisis |work=Detroit Free Press |url=https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2020/02/27/gm-delays-start-production-china-plant-due-coronavirus-crisis/4884203002/ |access-date=19 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier#China|Chevrolet Cavalier]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Monza (China)|Chevrolet Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Menlo|Chevrolet Menlo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Third generation (2018)|Chevrolet Equinox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Fourth generation (2025)|Chevrolet Equinox Plus]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra E4|Buick Electra E4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle GT#Second generation (2015)|Buick Excelle GT/GX]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Sam McEachern|date=28 February 2020 |title=GM Delays Production Restart At Wuhan Plant As Coronavirus Crisis Continues |work=GM Authority |url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/02/gm-delays-production-restart-at-wuhan-plant-as-coronavirus-crisis-continues/ |access-date=19 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL6|Buick GL6]]

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] (HQ plant)||[[w:Liuzhou|Liuzhou]], [[w:Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region|Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|Wuling]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||1982||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. There are 2 vehicle production plants (East &amp; West). SAIC &amp; GM jointly created the joint venture with Wuling in 2002. The SAIC-GM-Wuling joint venture was originally owned 50.1% by SAIC, 34% by GM China, &amp; 15.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is now owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. Engine plant added in 2007.  

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Lechi (China)|Chevrolet Lechi (Spark)]], [[w:Baojun 630|Baojun 630]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] [[w:Baojun|Baojun]] Base||Liudong New District, [[w:Liuzhou|Liuzhou]], [[w:Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region|Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:Baojun|Baojun]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||2012||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. SAIC &amp; GM jointly created the joint venture with Wuling in 2002. The SAIC-GM-Wuling joint venture was originally owned 50.1% by SAIC, 34% by GM China, &amp; 15.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is now owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. Engine plant added in 2015.  

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Lechi (China)|Baojun Lechi]], [[w:Baojun 610|Baojun 610]], [[w:Baojun 630|Baojun 630]]  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] Chongqing Branch||[[w:Chongqing|Chongqing]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|Wuling]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||2014||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd.   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] Qingdao Branch||[[w:Qingdao|Qingdao]], [[w:Shandong|Shandong]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|Wuling]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. Originally founded in 1997 as [[w:Etsong Vehicle Manufacturing|Etsong Vehicle Manufacturing]]. SAIC-GM-Wuling took over the plant in 2005. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. Engine plant added in 2009.  

|-

|J||[[w:SGMW Motor Indonesia|SGMW Motor Indonesia]]||[[w:Cikarang|Cikarang]], [[w:West Java|West Java]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]|| [[w:Wuling Air EV|Wuling Air EV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Aira EV|Wuling Aira EV]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Wuling Binguo|Wuling Binguo EV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Cloud EV|Wuling Cloud EV ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Almaz|Wuling Almaz]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Alvez|Wuling Alvez]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Eksion|Wuling Eksion]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Wuling Confero|Wuling Confero]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Cortez|Wuling Cortez]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Darion|Wuling Darion]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Wuling Formo|Wuling Formo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Mitra EV|Wuling Mitra EV]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:MG4 EV|MG4 EV]], [[w:MG ZS (crossover)|MG ZS EV]], [[w:MGS5 EV|MGS5 EV]]&lt;br&gt;Battery packs||2017||&amp;nbsp;||100% owned and operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. In 2024, SGMW Motor Indonesia began producing MG models on behalf of PT SAIC Motor Indonesia. MG is owned by SAIC, a shareholder of SGMW. 

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#Second generation (CN202S; 2019)|Chevrolet Captiva]] 

|}

== Current partner factories == 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 

!VIN !! Name !! City/State !! Country !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products !! Opened !! Idled !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Comments 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Azermash CP LLC]]||[[w:Hajiqabul|Hajiqabul]]||[[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Nexia (T250)]], [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]], [[w:Suzuki Carry#Daewoo Damas|Chevrolet Damas/Labo]] ||2017|| ||Built under contract by Azermash CP LLC for GM &amp; UzAuto Motors.  

|- 

|A||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Uzbekistan]]/[[w:UzAuto Motors|UzAuto Motors]]||[[w:Asaka, Uzbekistan|Asaka]], [[w:Andijan Region|Andijan Region]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]],  [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker (2022-)]]||1996|| ||Originally established as Uz-DaewooAuto, a 50/50 joint venture between Daewoo Motor &amp; the Uzbek government. Became GM Uzbekistan, a 25/75 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat in 2008. GM was bought out by the Uzbek govt. in 2019 &amp; the company was renamed UzAuto Motors. Vehicles now built under license from GM by UzAuto Motors.  

Previous models: [[w:Daewoo Tico|Daewoo Tico]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#First generation (M100, M150; 1998)|Daewoo Matiz (M150)]], [[w:Daewoo Nexia|Daewoo Nexia]], [[w:Daewoo Nexia|Chevrolet Nexia]], [[w:Daewoo Gentra#Uzbekistan (2013–2015)|Daewoo Gentra]], [[w:Daewoo Damas|Daewoo Damas]], [[w:Daewoo Labo|Daewoo Labo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Nexia 3]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Chevrolet Spark (M300)]], [[w:Chevrolet Tacuma|Chevrolet Tacuma]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#First generation (M100, M150; 1998)|Ravon Matiz]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Ravon R2]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Ravon Nexia R3|Ravon Nexia R3]], [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Ravon R4]], [[w:Daewoo Gentra|Ravon Gentra R5]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Uzbekistan]]/[[w:UzAuto Motors|UzAuto Motors]]||[[w:Pitnak|Pitnak]], [[w:Khorezm Region|Khorezm Region]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Damas|Chevrolet Damas]]&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Labo|Chevrolet Labo]]  ||2014|| ||Was part of GM Uzbekistan, a 25/75 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat formed in 2008. GM was bought out by the Uzbek govt. in 2019 &amp; the company was renamed UzAuto Motors. Vehicles now built under license from GM by UzAuto Motors. In 2021, a new press shop opened at the Pitnak plant. 

Previous models: [[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2010)|Chevrolet Orlando]], [[w:Daewoo Damas|Daewoo Damas]], [[w:Daewoo Labo|Daewoo Labo]]   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Uzbekistan]]/[[w:UzAuto Motors|UzAuto Motors]]||[[w:Tashkent|Tashkent]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||Repair of used cars ||2009||2019||Was part of GM Uzbekistan, a 25/75 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat formed in 2008. GM was bought out by the Uzbek govt. in 2019 &amp; the company was renamed UzAuto Motors. Vehicles now built under license from GM by UzAuto Motors. Plant assembled SKD vehicles. SKD production ended in 2019. Plant is now used to repair &amp; overhaul used cars acquired as trade-ins for new cars, which are then resold by UzAuto.   

Previous models: [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker (initial production from SKD)]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Powertrain Uzbekistan]]/[[w:GM Uzbekistan|UzAuto Motors Powertrain]]||[[w:Tashkent|Tashkent]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||[[w:Daewoo S-TEC engine|1.2L &amp; 1.5L DOHC I4 engines]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.2L GM E-Turbo I3 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Engine components (crankshaft, block, heads)&lt;br /&gt;Aluminum Foundry ||2011|| ||GM Powertrain Uzbekistan is a 52/48 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat. In 2019, the company was renamed UzAuto Motors Powertrain after UzAvtosanoat bought out GM's share of the joint venture. It now builds engines &amp; components under license from GM.

|- 

|0,4,7,8,9||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] Fujisawa plant||[[w:Fujisawa, Kanagawa|Fujisawa, Kanagawa]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 4500 &amp; 5500 diesel]] (2016-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]]||1961||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] plant. &lt;br /&gt; Previous models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Gemini#In other markets|Buick Opel]] (1976-1979) [Plant Code: 8]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet LUV|Chevrolet LUV]] (1972-1982) [Plant Code: 8]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Spectrum|Chevrolet Spectrum]] (1985-1988)&lt;br&gt; [Plant Code: 8 ('85-'87), 7 ('88)]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet W-Series|Chevrolet W-Series]] (1986-2009)&lt;br&gt; [Plant Code: 8 ('86-'87), 7 ('88-'09)]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Spectrum|Geo Spectrum]] (1989) [Plant Code: 7]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Storm|Geo Storm]] (1990-1993) [Plant Code: 7]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC W-Series|GMC W-Series]] (1986-2009)&lt;br&gt; [Plant Code: 8 ('86-'87), 7 ('88-'09)]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#First generation (1972–1980)|Bedford KB25]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Bedford KB26/41]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Campo#Third generation (TF; 1988–2002)|Opel Campo/Bedford Brava/Vauxhall Brava]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Jackaroo#First generation (1981)|Holden Jackaroo (Gen 1)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Monterey#Second generation (1991)|Opel/Vauxhall Monterey/Holden Jackaroo (Gen 2)/Monterey]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Rodeo|Holden Rodeo]] (1981-2002) (KB/TF)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Piazza#First generation (JR120/130; 1980)|Holden Piazza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Shuttle|Holden Shuttle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu I-Mark|Isuzu I-Mark]], [[w:Isuzu Impulse|Isuzu Impulse]], [[w:Isuzu Stylus|Isuzu Stylus]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||PACE (Planta Automotiva do Ceará=Ceará Automotive Plant)||[[w:Horizonte, Ceará|Horizonte, Ceará]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark EUV|Chevrolet Spark EUV]] (2026-),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Wuling Starlight S|Chevrolet Captiva EV]]||2025|| ||Assembled from semi-knockdown kits imported from China under contract for GM. Production for GM began on December 3, 2025 with the Spark EUV. Production for non-GM brands is also expected. The plant is the former [[w:Troller|Troller]] plant that was bought by Ford in 2007 and closed in 2021. The plant is now operated by Comexport.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[SaryarkaAvtoProm]]/&lt;br&gt;Allur Automobile Plant||[[w:Kostanay|Kostanay]]||[[w:Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]], [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]]||2017|| ||Built under contract by SaryarkaAvtoProm for GM &amp; UzAuto Motors.  

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Nexia]], [[w:Chevrolet Niva|Chevrolet Niva]], [[w:Suzuki Carry#Daewoo Damas|Chevrolet Damas/Labo]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Ravon Nexia R3]] 

|- 

|S||[[w:Shyft Group|Shyft Group]] - Charlotte plant||[[w:Charlotte, Michigan|Charlotte, Michigan]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 3500/4500/5500 gas]] (2016-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 6500XD &amp; 7500XD]] (2018- &amp; 2023-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series gas]] (2012-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu FTR/FVR]] (2018- &amp; 2023-)||1961||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Shyft Group|Shyft Group]] plant. Built under contract for Isuzu and GM. 

|}

== Former factories == 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 
! style=&quot;width:20px;&quot;|VIN 
! style=&quot;width:60px;&quot;| Name 
! style=&quot;width:20px;&quot;| City/State 
! style=&quot;width:20px;&quot;| Country 
! style=&quot;width:90px;&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products 
! style=&quot;width:10px;&quot;| Opened 
! style=&quot;width:10px;&quot;| Idled 
! style=&quot;width:190px;&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Comments

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||AC Electronics||[[w:Oak Creek, Wisconsin|Oak Creek, Wisconsin]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||Automotive Electronics; Avionics, precision guidance systems, &amp; electro-mechanical devices for military use and space exploration (Apollo program) ||1948||1999||Located at 7929 S. Howell Ave. First known as GM's Electronics Division. In 1965, the Milwaukee Operations became known as AC Electronics Division of GM. In 1970, the division merged with Delco Radio and became known as Delco Electronics Division. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems (Delphi Electronics &amp; Safety) in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2008. Is now Drexel Town Square, a retail, commercial, residential and civic development.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug Division]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||AC Spark Plugs||1929||1975||Located on Industrial Ave at Harriet St. Built in 1909. Champion Ignition Co. moved here from their original location on the 3rd floor of a Buick building on Hamilton Ave. that they used from 1908. This complex was expanded multiple times and was on both sides of Industrial Ave. with 2 overhead walkways connecting the 2 sides. Champion Ignition Co. changed its name to AC Spark Plug in 1922. After founder Albert Champion died in 1927, GM took over AC Spark Plug in 1929. It became a GM division in 1933. Production gradually moved to the Flint East complex until the Industrial Ave. complex closed in 1975. Demolished in 1975-76. Site later used by Buick for parking as it was next to the Buick City complex.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint East|AC Spark Plug Flint East]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||Components (spark plugs, dashboard components such as instrument clusters, fuel system components, air/oil/fuel filters, and fuel pumps)||1929||1999||Located at 1300 North Dort Highway. (Now referred to as 2926 Davison Road, which is the north side instead of the west side of the property.) Purchased by AC Spark Plug in 1925. Plant previously belonged to [[w:Dort Motor Car Company|Dort Motor Car Company]], which went out of business in 1924. Initially produced all products other than spark plugs that were made by AC Spark Plug Co. After founder Albert Champion died in 1927, GM took over AC Spark Plug in 1929. It became a GM division in 1933. Production gradually moved from the old Industrial Ave. complex to the Flint East complex until the Industrial Ave. complex closed in 1975. Became known as Flint East in 1987, when AC took over the &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex from Chevrolet on Flint's west side, which became known as Flint West. Became AC Rochester in 1988 when AC Spark Plug Division merged with Rochester Products Division. AC Rochester initially had its world headquarters here, just as AC Spark Plug had before the merger. Subsequently, AC Rochester headquarters moved to the Great Lakes Technology Center in the old Flint Fisher Body plant. In 1994, AC Rochester merged with Delco Remy and became AC Delco Systems. Grouped under GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] in 1999. GM supplied the UAW workers from 2007 under agreement with Delphi and the UAW. Closed by Delphi in 2013.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug]]||[[w:Sioux City, Iowa|Sioux City, Iowa]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Throttle#Throttle body|Throttle Body Fuel Injection Systems]]||1981||1993||Located at 1805 Zenith Drive. Formerly a Zenith Radio Factory. Now the headquarters of Bomgaars Supply, Inc.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug]]||[[w:Wichita Falls, Texas|Wichita Falls, Texas]]||United States||AC Air Filters||1972||1999||Located at 8600 Interstate 44 Service Rd. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2008. Now owned by Panda Biotech.

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp. - Kirkby plant]]||[[w:Kirkby|Kirkby]], [[w:Merseyside|Merseyside]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Instrument panels, Gauges, Fuel pumps, Fuel/temperature senders, Oil pressure switches, Radiator caps, Thermostats||1958||?||Plant is near Liverpool. Located on Moorgate Road. Kirkby was originally part of the AC-Delco division of GM Ltd. When the Kirkby plant opened in 1958, production of fuel pumps, thermostats, and instruments was moved there from the Dunstable components plant. In 1979, Kirkby became aligned with AC Spark Plug in the US. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and the Kirkby plant became part of AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp. - Southampton plant]]||[[w:Southampton|Southampton]], [[w:Hampshire|Hampshire]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Air filter elements, Oil filters, Fuel filters, Catalytic converters||1952||?|| Located on West Bay Road in the New Dock area of Southampton. Originally opened in 1938 as a vehicle assembly plant making Chevrolets (See listing for &quot;GM Ltd.&quot;). Plant acquired by GM Ltd. in 1951. Southampton was originally part of AC-Sphinx Plug Co., a division of GM Ltd. In 1952, AC-Sphinx Plug Co. was renamed AC-Delco division of GM Ltd. When the Southampton plant opened in 1952, production of automotive filters (air filters, fuel filters) was moved there from the Dunstable components plant. In 1979, Southampton became aligned with AC Spark Plug in the US. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and the Southampton plant became part of AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Allison,&lt;br&gt; [[w:Allison Transmission|Allison Transmission]], Allison Gas Turbine||[[w:Indianapolis|Indianapolis]], Indiana||United States||Allison Transmissions,&lt;br&gt; Engines for airplanes &amp; helicopters,&lt;br&gt; Bearings and Gears||1929||2007||Located at 4700 W. 10th St. Founded in 1915 as Speedway Team Co. In 1920, it was renamed Allison Engineering Co. Acquired by GM in 1929, it became the Allison Division of GM. GM began designing the CD-850 transmission for tracked military vehicles in 1941; the design was completed in 1944 and Allison was awarded the contract to manufacture the prototypes. In February 1945, General Motors formed the Allison Transmission Engineering Section. In 1946, GM divided the division into 2 sections: Aircraft Operations and Transmission Operations. In 1970, Allison Division merged with the Detroit Diesel Engine Division to become the Detroit Diesel-Allison Division. In 1983, the aviation turbine engine operations were separated out to form a separate division called the Allison Gas Turbine Division. In 1987, the transmission operations are separated out to form the Allison Transmission Division. Allison Gas Turbine was sold in a management buyout in 1993 becoming the Allison Engine Company. [[w:Allison Engine Company|Allison Engine Company]] was then sold in 1995 to [[w:Rolls-Royce Holdings|Rolls-Royce PLC]]. GM sold Allison Transmission in 2007 to private equity groups Carlyle Group &amp; Onex Corp., becoming Allison Transmission Inc. Allison went public as Allison Transmission Holdings Inc. in 2012, trading on the New York Stock Exchange.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Cadillac Amsterdam Street plant||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]s||1903||1920||Cadillac's first volume production plant. Located at 450 Amsterdam Street, at the intersection with Cass Avenue. Rebuilt in 1904 after a fire destroyed the original plant. This plant predated Cadillac being part of GM. Replaced by the Clark Street plant in 1921. 

|- 

|5 (Plant 2)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 6 (Plant 1)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;9 (Pre-1976)||Antwerp||[[w:Antwerp|Antwerp]]||[[w:Belgium|Belgium]]||[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra H (A04; 2004)|Opel/Vauxhall Astra GTC &amp; OPC/VXR (H)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#TwinTop|Opel/Vauxhall Astra TwinTop]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Saturn Astra|Saturn Astra]] (2008 &amp; in Canada '09)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fourth generation (TS; 1998)|Holden Astra (TS)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fifth generation (AH; 2004)|Holden Astra (AH)]] ||1925||2010||Originally known as GM Continental SA, then as Opel Antwerp from 1994-2004, &amp; finally as GM Belgium from 2004 on. The original plant was an ex-abbey on Fortuinstraat. In 1926, production moved to an old velodrome on the corner of St. Laureystraat &amp; Haantjeslei. In 1929, production moved to a site in the port of Antwerp near the Albert dock. The site at the port was destroyed by bombing raids in World War II. Production temporarily moved back to the velodrome from 1946-1953. In 1953, a new plant opened on the Noorderlaan which would later come to be known as Plant 1. In 1967, a second plant opened about 6.2 miles (10&amp;nbsp;km) north of the Noorderlaan plant near the Churchill dock. This was called Plant 2. In August 1988, production was consolidated in Plant 2 and Plant 1 was used as a parts warehouse until 1992 and the property was then sold. Plant 2 ended production in December 2010. First vehicle off the line was a Chevrolet. Assembled Opel &amp; Vauxhall cars, Bedford trucks and American GM brands (Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Buick, &amp; Cadillac) from CKD kits. Also built the [[w:Ranger (automobile)#Europe|Ranger]]. The plant finally closed its doors on December 17, 2010, about two days after last Opel car rolled off the assembly line.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (first generation from CKD kits)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Olympia|Opel Olympia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors de Argentina|General Motors de Argentina]]||[[w:San Telmo, Buenos Aires|San Telmo]] and [[w:Barracas, Buenos Aires|Barracas]] in [[w:Buenos Aires|Buenos Aires]] &amp; [[w:San Martín, Buenos Aires|San Martin]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||Chevrolet (cars and trucks) including [[w:Chevrolet 400|Chevrolet 400]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevy Malibu|Chevrolet Chevy]], &amp; [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)#Medium-duty trucks|Chevrolet C-50/C-60/C-70]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series|Chevrolet B-60 bus chassis]]&lt;br /&gt; Oldsmobile &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel K 180|Opel K 180]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine#Argentina|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Bedford diesel engines||1925 (San Telmo)&lt;br /&gt;1928 (Barracas)&lt;br /&gt;1940 (San Martin plant)||1978 (San Martin plant)||Other GM brands manufactured included GMC, Opel, and Bedford trucks along with Pontiac, Oakland, Marquette, Buick, LaSalle, Cadillac, Opel, and Vauxhall passenger cars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/GM_Argentina|title=GM Argentina}}&lt;/ref&gt; Also Frigidaire refrigerators.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Aymesa|Aymesa]]||[[w:Quito, Ecuador|Quito]]||[[w:Ecuador|Ecuador]]|| ||1973||1999 (Last GM production)|| First automotive assembler in Ecuador. GM bought 36.95% of AYMESA in 1982 &amp; increased its stake to 45.9% in 1984. GM sold off its stake in 1999 and switched to using OBB as its Ecuadorian partner. Aymesa now assembles vehicles for Kia and Hyundai.

Past models: [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Chevrolet Corsa]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#First generation (1983)|Suzuki Forsa]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Suzuki Forsa II/Chevrolet Swift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors T platform (1973)|Chevrolet San Remo]]&lt;br /&gt;Aymesa Gacela&lt;br /&gt;Aymesa Condor&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Aymesa Andino]]&lt;br /&gt;Aymesa Amigo 

|- 

|3 (since 1993)&lt;br /&gt;A (before 1993)||Azambuja||[[w:Azambuja|Azambuja]]||[[w:Portugal|Portugal]]||[[w:Opel Combo#Kadett Combo (Combo A; 1986)|Opel Kadett Combo A/Bedford &amp; Vauxhall Astravan &amp; Astramax]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Combo B (1993-2001)|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Combo]] B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Combo C (2001-2012)|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Combo]] C||1963||2006||Past models:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa Van|Opel Corsavan]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Amigo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford CF|Bedford CF]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK]]&lt;br /&gt;Various Opel, Vauxhall, &amp; Bedford models. 

|- 

|B &lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;and 1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt; and 1965-2005)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;14 (1935-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 7 (1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Baltimore Assembly|Baltimore Assembly]]||[[w:Baltimore|Baltimore]], [[w:Maryland|Maryland]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Astro|Chevrolet Astro]] (1985-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Astro|GMC Safari]] (1985-2005) ||1935||2005||Located at 2122 Broening Highway. Production began in March 1935 (March 11 for trucks and March 26 for cars). Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Baltimore Assembly began making Pontiac and Buick passenger cars for 1964. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Baltimore Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. During WWII, the Chevrolet side of the plant operated as a military parts depot where parts were received, processed, and packaged for shipment around the world. It also built 2,650 [[w:GMC CCKW 2½-ton 6×6 truck|GMC CCKW 6x6 trucks]]. The Fisher Body side of the plant became part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division and assembled the rear fuselage, tail assembly, &amp; all control surfaces for Grumman carrier-based aircraft. Car production ended on March 31, 1984. Converted to a Truck and Bus Group assembly plant for 1985. Production restarted in August 1984. Closed on May 13, 2005. Baltimore Assembly produced over 12 million vehicles. Demolished. Now the Chesapeake Commerce Center and an Amazon distribution center.&lt;br /&gt; 

Past models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Gran Sport|Buick GS]] (1965-1968),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1964-68),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1964-67), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-57), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-57), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1980), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960, 1964-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1983), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970-1984), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1957, 1962, 1964-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1980), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1971-1977), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Seventh generation (1982–1986)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1983-1984), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Fifth generation (1978–1987)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1983-1984), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1964-1970, 1978-1981), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1964-1970) 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Baltimore Transmission|Baltimore Transmission]]||[[w:White Marsh, Maryland|White Marsh]], [[w:Maryland|Maryland]]||United States||Allison 1000 Series transmissions: [[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Silverado HD]], [[w:GMC Sierra|Sierra HD]]&lt;br /&gt;Hybrid 2-mode transmissions ([[w:Global Hybrid Cooperation|2ML70]]): [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon Hybrid]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Hybrid|Cadillac Escalade Hybrid]], [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid]], [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|GMC Sierra Hybrid]]&lt;br /&gt;Electric motor (MME) &amp; final-drive unit (1ET35) for [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Spark EV|Chevy Spark EV]]&lt;br /&gt;Torque converters for 6-speed rwd automatic transmissions||2000||2019||Located at 10301 Philadelphia Road. Originally part of Allison Transmission.  Became a GM Powertrain facility in 2004. Name changed to Baltimore Operations in 2012 with the addition of the Electric Motor Plant built next to the existing Transmission Plant. Closed in 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2019/04/gm-baltimore-employees-irate-over-plant-closure/|title = GM Baltimore Employees Irate over Plant Closure|author=Anthony Alaniz|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = 19 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Now called White Marsh Interchange Park, a complex of 9 new one-story buildings of office and warehouse space that replaces the previous GM plant which has been demolished.

|- 

|T||[[w:Bedford Dunstable plant|Bedford Dunstable plant]]||[[w:Dunstable|Dunstable]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks and buses]] including:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Bedford S type|Bedford S series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TA|Bedford TA/TD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK/KM]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TL|Bedford TL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TM|Bedford TM]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford SB|Bedford SB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford VAL|Bedford VAL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford VAM|Bedford VAM]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford VAS|Bedford VAS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Y series|Bedford Y series]]&lt;br /&gt;Bedford gas &amp; diesel engines||1942 (for wartime production)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; 1955 (for civilian production)||1987||Was located on Boscombe Road. Bedford truck and bus production was moved to Dunstable from Luton in 1955. GM sold the Bedford heavy truck business to AWD Trucks in 1987. AWD Trucks went bankrupt in 1992. Parts of the site were demolished in 1993. More was demolished in 1997. The remainder was demolished in 2005. The [[w:Commer|Commer]] plant was located across Boscombe Road in Dunstable from the 1960's.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Bombay||[[w:Bombay|Bombay]], [[w:Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars, trucks, &amp; buses||1928||1954||The first automobile assembly plant in India. The original GM India Ltd. was closed in 1954.  

|- 

|12 (Buffalo Assembly from 1928)||[[w:Buffalo Assembly|Buffalo Assembly]]/&lt;br /&gt;Buffalo Gear &amp; Axle||[[w:Buffalo, New York|Buffalo, New York]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]]&lt;br /&gt; Axles, drivetrain components||1923||1994||Located at 1001 E. Delavan Ave. Built cars until World War II &amp; was then converted to make axles. Operation was renamed Saginaw Gear and Axle in 1984. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] in 1994. All operations ended in 2007 &amp; the factory closed. Called the Historic American Axle Building. Purchased by Viridi in 2018. 

|- 

|H (1965-1999)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 1 (1938-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Buick City|Buick City]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1999)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Park Avenue|Buick Park Avenue]] (1994-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1987, 1989-1995)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Ninth generation (1992–1999)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1996-1999)||1904||1999||This was Buick's home plant. It predated the founding of GM in 1908. This is the part of the Buick factory complex south of Leith St. stretching south to E. Hamilton Ave. The complete complex, including both North and South portions totals 412,947 acres. The original factory was at one time the largest in the world and was completely vertically integrated, making nearly every component within the complex. During WWII, Buick built [[w:M18 Hellcat|M18 Hellcat]] tanks &amp; [[w:M39 armored utility vehicle|M39 armored utility vehicles]] here. The plant was converted to build unibody, fwd cars for 1986 instead of the previous body-on-frame, rwd cars. The modernized plant was renamed Buick City. The factory closed in June 1999. Last car built was a 1999 Buick LeSabre. Demolished by 2002. The site of Buick's administration building, 902 E. Hamilton Ave., is now a seating plant owned by Lear Corp., which opened in 2018. It supplies seats to GM's nearby Flint Truck Assembly Plant as well as GM's Fort Wayne Assembly Plant in Indiana. A large piece of the property is now being redeveloped as Flint Commerce Center.&lt;br&gt; Past models: [[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971–1973),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1936-42, 1954-1958, 1973-1981), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1984), [[w:Buick Estate|Buick Estate]] (1940-64, 1970-76), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1965-1972), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick Limited|Buick Limited]] (1936-42, 1958), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1973-1985), [[w:Buick Riviera|Buick Riviera]] (1963-1978), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1936-58), [[w:Buick Skylark#1953–1954|Buick Skylark]] (1953-1954), [[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1961-72), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1936-58, 1961-69), [[w:Buick Sport Wagon|Buick Sport Wagon]] (1964-1971), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1940-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970) [[w:Marquette (automobile)#Buick brand|Marquette]] (1930), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Third generation (1977–1990)|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1984-1985), [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Sixth generation (1977–1985)|Chevrolet Impala]] (1984-1985),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fourth generation (1978–1988)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1985). 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Cadillac Stamping||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Stamped body parts for Cadillac||1956||1987||Located at 9501 Conner St. Originally built by Clayton &amp; Lambert Manufacturing Company for their Knodell Division. Sold to Hudson Motor Car Company in 1925. Made bodies for Hudson. Bought by GM in 1956. Demolished in 2021. Site used by [[w:Lear Corp.|Lear Corp.]] to make seats to supply GM's Factory Zero plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Cartercar|Cartercar]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Cartercar automobiles||1909||1915||Located on Franklin Rd. where Franklin turns into Linfere St. which then intersects with Brush St. This factory previously belonged to Pontiac Spring &amp; Wagon Works. Cartercar moved into this factory in 1908. Cartercar was purchased by GM on October 26, 1909. Cartercar was known for its [[w:Friction drive|friction drive transmission]]. GM closed Cartercar in 1915. There was then talk that GM would build a 6-cylinder Oakland model at this factory but it doesn't seem to have ever happened. GM sold the factory to Olympian Motors Company in 1917, which built Olympian cars there from 1917-1919. In 1920, the factory was sold to Friend Motors Corporation. Initially, Friend Motors Corporation continued production of Olympian cars and then switched to production of new Friend cars in 1921 but production ended with less than 50 cars built and Friend Motors went out of business. In 1922, Friend Motors owner Otis Friend filed for bankruptcy and factory ownership was transferred to Gotham National Bank in a foreclosure sale. The next occupant of the plant was the Wolverine Manufacturing Company which built furniture. Later, it was used as an agricultural supply warehouse. Most of the complex is gone but one building remains at 20 Franklin Rd. It was last occupied by House of Bedrooms, a furniture store. One side of the building still says &quot;The Wolverine&quot; at the top. The other side that faces Brush St. still says &quot;Pontiac Spring &amp; Wagon Works&quot; right under what were the highest row of windows.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Chevrolet Gear &amp; Axle||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Axles, gears, other components||1919||1994||Located at 1840 Holbrook Ave. Absorbed the former Northway engine plant on Holbrook Ave. in 1926 when Northway was liquidated by GM. Straddles the border of [[w:Detroit|Detroit]] and [[w:Hamtramck, Michigan|Hamtramck, Michigan]]. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] &amp; Manufacturing Inc. in 1994. Closed in 2012, demolished in 2013. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body - Chicago Metal Fabrication||[[w:Willow Springs, Illinois|Willow Springs, Illinois]]||United States||Stampings (such as floorpans) for GM vehicles||1953||1989||Located at 79th Street and Willow Springs Road. Buick produced J65-B-3 jet engines here for the [[w:Republic F-84F Thunderstreak|Republic F-84F Thunderstreak]]/RF84-F Thunderflash for use in the Korean War. Plant was associated with Buick-Oldsmobile-Cadillac Group but made body parts for all 5 of GM's passenger car divisions. Sold to [[w:United Parcel Service|UPS]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors de Chile|General Motors de Chile]]||[[w:Arica|Arica]]||[[w:Chile|Chile]]||[[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Chevrolet LUV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#Third generation (TF; 1988–2002)|Chevrolet LUV (TF)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#South America 2|Chevrolet Grand LUV (TF)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Chevrolet D-Max]]||1968&lt;br&gt;1974||1971&lt;br&gt;2008||Originally belonged to Alberto Avayú y Cía. S.A.I.C. (part of Empresas Indumotora) which built vehicles under license for GM beginning in 1960. Avayú built the [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C-1434]], [[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]], [[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Furgón (van)]]. GM bought the plant in 1968. Built [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova]] &amp; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|Chevrolet C10]]. GM left Chile at the end of 1971 but returned in 1974. Past models: [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|Chevrolet C-10 and C-30]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] medium duty truck, [[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Latin America|Brazilian Chevrolet Chevette]], and Japanese [[w:Isuzu Aska#South America (Chile, Ecuador)|Chevrolet Aska]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body - Cleveland Division||[[w:Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Bodies for GM vehicles||1921||1983||Located at Coit Road and E. 140th Street. Founded as Fisher Body Ohio Co. GM bought 60% of Fisher Body in 1919 and the remaining 40% in 1926. Began by building bodies for Chandler, Cleveland (a subsidiary of Chandler), Chrysler, and the Oakland &amp; Chevrolet divisions of GM. After 1926, it only made bodies for GM. In 1936, the plant switched from making whole bodies to doing metal trim and fabrication due to a decrease in demand for cars due to the Depression. Production of auto bodies resumed after World War II. Built bodies for low-volume models like the 55-57 Chevy Nomad and convertible models. In the 1970's, it built large stamping dies and upholstery &amp; trim sets. Closed in August 1983 as a metal fabrication plant. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Cleveland Diesel Engine Division|Cleveland Diesel Engine Division]]||[[w:Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Heavy-duty diesel engines for locomotives, marine use (ships and submarines), and stationary use||1930||1962||Founded by Alexander Winton, company began operation in Nov. 1912 as the Winton Gas Engine &amp; Mfg. Co. at 2116 W. 106th St. Renamed the Winton Engine Works in 1916 and later as the Winton Engine Company. GM bought Winton Engine Co. on June 20, 1930 and renamed it Winton Engine Corp. on June 30, 1930. In 1938, it was renamed Cleveland Diesel Engine Division. In January 1941, locomotive engine development and production was transferred to GM's Electro-Motive Division. Marine and stationary diesel engines were still handled by Cleveland Diesel Engine Division. In the 1950s, Cleveland Diesel Engine expanded with the acquisition of plants at 2160 W. 106th St. and 8200 Clinton Rd. The advent of nuclear-powered submarines in the 1950's reduced the US Navy's need for the large diesel engines produced by Cleveland Diesel and in 1962, GM closed down the division and transferred any remaining engine production to Electro-Motive Division's La Grange plant in McCook, Illinois. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Colmotores|GM Colmotores]]||[[w:Bogotá|Bogotá]]||[[w:Colombia|Colombia]]||Products from [[w:GM do Brasil|GM do Brasil]]: [[w:Chevrolet Onix#First generation (2013)|Chevrolet Joy]] 

&lt;br /&gt;Products from [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]]: [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet F-Series Bus]], [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet F-Series truck]], [[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series Bus]], [[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series truck]], Chevrolet LV-series Bus 

||1979||2024||Founded in 1956 as Colmotores, production began in 1962 with the [[w:Austin Motor Company|Austin]] brand, then switched to the [[w:Dodge|Dodge]] brand in 1965 when Chrysler took a 60% stake in what was now Colmotores-Chrysler. GM took over Colmotores in 1979 (Chrysler was dropped from the company name at this point). Chevrolet truck production began in 1980. Chevrolet car production began in 1982. Colmotores became GM Colmotores in 1991. Closed in April 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2024/04/gm-shutting-down-manufacturing-operations-in-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = GM Shutting Down Manufacturing Operations In Colombia And Ecuador|author=Deivis Centeno|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = April 29, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.americaeconomia.com/en/business-industries/general-motors-announces-end-car-manufacturing-operations-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = General Motors announces the end of car manufacturing operations in Colombia and Ecuador|publisher=AmericaEconomia.com|date = April 26, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Past products from [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]: [[w:Chevrolet C/K#Third generation (1973–1991)|Chevrolet C-10]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K#Third generation (1973–1991)|Chevrolet C-30]], [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]], [[w:GMC Brigadier|Chevrolet Brigadier/Super Brigadier]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:GM do Brasil|GM do Brasil]]: [[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Latin America|Chevrolet Chevette]], [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Opel Ascona#Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]]: [[w:Isuzu Faster|Chevrolet LUV]], [[w:Isuzu Trooper#First generation (1981–1991)|Chevrolet Trooper]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]]: [[w:Suzuki Cultus#First generation (1983)|Chevrolet Sprint]] (note: this is the same name as the one that was sold in the U.S. and Canada in the 80's), [[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Chevrolet Swift]], [[w:Suzuki Alto#Fifth generation (1998)|Chevrolet Alto]], [[w:Suzuki Cultus Crescent|Chevrolet Esteem]], [[w:Suzuki Jimny#Third generation (1998)|Chevrolet Jimny]], [[w:Suzuki Jimny#Second generation (1981)|Chevrolet Samurai]], [[w:Suzuki Solio#Predecessor: Wagon R-Wide (MA61S/MB61S; 1997)|Chevrolet Wagon R+]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:Opel|Opel]]: [[w:Opel Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:GM Korea|Daewoo/GM Korea]]: [[w:Daewoo Matiz#Second generation (M200, M250; 2005)|Chevrolet Spark]], [[w:Daewoo Matiz#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Chevrolet Spark GT]], [[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Chevrolet Optra]], [[w:Daewoo Kalos|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt;Products from [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]: [[w:Chevrolet Sail#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Sail]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Constantine Transmission||[[w:Constantine, Michigan|Constantine, Michigan]]||United States||Automatic Transmissions||Between 1977 and 1980||Between 1987 and 1994|| Part of GM St. Joseph County Operations &amp; GM Hydramatic Division.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Danville Foundry||[[w:Danville, Illinois|Danville, Illinois]]||United States||[[w:Casting|Iron castings]]||1943||1995|| Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. Leased by [[w:Defense Plant Corporation|Defense Plant Corporation]] to pour castings for military equipment during [[w:World War II|World War II]]. Also supplied castings to Ford, Chrysler, and AMC. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Delco Chassis||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia, Michigan]]||United States||Bumpers||1953||1998||Site bought by GM in 1953. Located at 12950 and 13000 Eckles Road. Buildings demolished in 2001. Redeveloped into multi-tenant commercial use. One of the tenants is Amazon. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Moraine NDH]] Dayton North (NDH=New Departure Hyatt)||[[w:Dayton, Ohio|Dayton, Ohio]] (Needmore Rd.)||United States||Master Cylinders/Brake Pads/Brake Calipers/ABS Assemblies||1965||1999||Located at 3100 Needmore Road. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive|Delphi]] in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2008. Demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Moraine NDH]] Dayton South (NDH=New Departure Hyatt)||[[w:Dayton, Ohio|Dayton, Ohio]] (Wisconsin Blvd.)||United States||Engine Bearings/Master Cylinders/Brake Pads/Brake Calipers/ABS Assemblies||1936||1999||Located at 1420 Wisconsin Boulevard. Delphi Chassis Systems. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive|Delphi]] in 1999. Demolished in 2003.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Moraine NDH]] (NDH=New Departure Hyatt)||[[w:Sandusky, Ohio|Sandusky, Ohio]]||United States||Wheel Bearings &amp; Wheel Bearing Assemblies||1946||1999||Located at 2509 Hayes Ave. Transferred to Delphi in 1995 which was then spun off in 1999, later sold to Hephaestus Holdings Inc. (HHI, Inc.), through its subsidiary Kyklos Bearing International (KBI) in 2008. HHI's parent, KPS Capital Partners, sold HHI to American Securities LLC in 2012. American Securities combined HHI with Metaldyne, which it also acquired in 2012, to form Metaldyne Performance Group (MPG) in 2014. Metaldyne closed the plant in 2017 when it exited the wheel bearing business.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Products]]||[[w:Kettering, Ohio|Kettering, Ohio]]||United States||Shock Absorbers, Struts, Impact Absorbers, Electric Motors, Windshield Wiper Assemblies||1957||1999||Located at 2555 Woodman Dr. (Administrative offices were at 2000 Forrer Blvd.) Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. A large portion of the site has been used by [[w:Tenneco|Tenneco Inc.]] since 2008. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Products Overseas Corp.]]||[[w:Dunstable|Dunstable]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Windshield wiper motors, Wiper/washer units, Heater blower motors, Cooling fan motors, Ignition coils, Distributors, etc.||1934|| ?||Located on High Street North. In 1923, AC Sphinx Sparking Plug Co., Ltd. was created by a 50/50 merger of the British branch of AC Spark Plug Co. and the Sphinx Manufacturing Co., a British spark plug manufacturer based in Birmingham. When AC Spark Plug founder Albert Champion died in 1927, AC Sphinx became wholly owned by AC Spark Plug Co. of Flint, MI. GM was already the major shareholder in AC Spark Plug and took it over completely in 1933, including AC Sphinx in the UK. AC Sphinx Sparking Plug Co., Ltd. moved to Dunstable from their original site in Birmingham beginning in 1934. The transfer to Dunstable was completed in 1936 and the Birmingham plant was relinquished. Dunstable made spark plugs as well as many other automotive components. In 1946, GM Ltd. acquired AC Sphinx as well as Delco-Remy and Hyatt Ltd. from parent GM in the US. In 1947, AC Sphinx was renamed AC-Sphinx Plug Co., a division of GM Ltd. In 1952, AC-Sphinx Plug Co. was renamed AC-Delco division of GM Ltd. When the Southampton plant was added in 1952, production of automotive filters (air filters, fuel filters) was moved there from Dunstable. When the Kirkby plant was added in 1958, production of fuel pumps, thermostats, and instruments was moved there from Dunstable. In 1979, Dunstable became aligned with Delco Products in the US. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and Dunstable became Delco Products Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Anaheim, California|Anaheim, California]]||United States||Batteries||1954||1999||Known as Plant 13. Located at 1201 N. Magnolia St. Supplied batteries to GM's California assembly plants like Fremont, Southgate and Van Nuys and to the West Coast aftermarket. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2005. Demolished. Is now Northgate Gonzalez Market. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Anderson, Indiana|Anderson, Indiana]]||United States||Starters, Generators, HEI Ignition, DIS Ignition, Switches, Magnets||1906||1994/1999|| The Heavy Duty Systems unit and a portion of the Automotive Systems unit (passenger car cranking motors) were spun off as [[w:Remy International|Delco Remy International]] in 1994, which was renamed [[w:Remy International|Remy International]] in 2004. Delco Remy International closed all manufacturing in Anderson in 2003. These parts of Delco Remy (the parts not spun off into Remy International) - Ignition (Plant 20) and Generator (Plant 11) products along with the Engineering Center (Plant 18) and Tooling (Plant 16) - merged with AC Rochester in 1994 to form AC Delco Systems. AC Delco Systems became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Delphi has since closed all 4 facilities in Anderson. Plant 11 closed in 2005 &amp; was demolished in 2006. Plant 16 (2316 Jefferson St.) was sold in 2011 ERTL Enterprises &amp; is now used by multiple businesses. Plant 18 (2900 South Scatterfield Road) closed in 2003 &amp; was turned over to the city Of Anderson in 2006. Plant 20 (2812 E 38th St.) closed in 2007 &amp; is now a distribution center for Sutong Tire Resources, a Chinese tire importer. Plant 45, at 6435 South Scatterfield Road, was the Magnequench plant that produced rare earth neodymium magnets. That business is now owned by NEO Material Technologies of Toronto, Ontario, Canada but the plant itself is now owned by Home Design Products, which makes plastic chairs and other products.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Bloomfield, New Jersey|Bloomfield, New Jersey]]||United States||Batteries||1936||1945||Located on 55 La France Ave. During WWII, became part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division from 1942 making wiring harnesses, hydraulic tubing and assemblies, and ammunition boxes for the Avenger bombers &amp; Wildcat fighters made by Eastern Aircraft. After WWII, it was replaced by the New Brunswick Battery Plant as it wasn't considered economically practical to convert back to battery production. Bloomfield produced 8 million batteries for Delco Remy. In 1950, the plant was sold to General Plastics for doing fluoropolymer coating.  General Plastics and the building still exist today.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Fitzgerald, Georgia|Fitzgerald, Georgia]]||United States||Batteries||1973||1999||Known as Plant 22. Located at 342 Perry House Road. Supplied batteries to GM's Georgia assembly plants like Lakewood and Doraville and to the regional aftermarket. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Delphi sold its battery business to Johnson Controls in in July 2005 but the Fitzgerald plant continued supplying batteries to Johnson Controls through 2007. Closed by Delphi in 2007. Demolished. 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Meridian, Mississippi|Meridian, Mississippi]]||United States||Starting motors, permanent magnet gear reduction cranking motors, powdered metal forge||1976||1994||Plant was originally built for National Homes Corp. Known as Plant 25. Spun off with [[w:Remy International|Delco Remy International]] in 1994. Closed by Delco Remy International in 1998. Production consolidated in Anderson, Indiana.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]/&lt;br&gt;[[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]]||[[w:Muncie, Indiana|Muncie, Indiana]]||United States||Sheridan automobiles &lt;br&gt;Batteries||1919&lt;br&gt;1928||1921&lt;br&gt;1978||Located on West Willard Street. Originally built in 1908 by [[w:Inter-State Automobile Company|Inter-State Automobile Company]] which went bankrupt in 1913 and was renamed Inter-State Motor Company, resuming production in 1914. Built tractors for the military in WWI but did not resume civilian production in 1918 and the factory was idled. GM owned the plant from 1919-1921 to build the [[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]] brand. Sold to [[w:Durant Motors|Durant Motors]] in 1921. Bought by Delco Remy division of GM in 1928. Known as Plant 9. Replaced by more modern Plant 26 in 1978. Plant 9 was demolished in 1978-79. 

|- 


|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Muncie, Indiana|Muncie, Indiana]]||United States||Batteries||1977||1994|| Located at 4500 S.  Delaware Dr. Known as Plant 26. Replaced Plant 9 in 1978. Plant 26 closed and was demolished in 1998.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:New Brunswick, New Jersey|New Brunswick, New Jersey]]||United States||Batteries||1946||1999||Known as Plant 12. Located at 167 Jersey Ave. Replaced the pre-war Bloomfield plant. Supplied batteries to GM's East Coast assembly plants like Tarrytown, Wilmington, and Baltimore and to the East Coast aftermarket. Started making Freedom batteries in 1973 for Chevy Vega. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Delphi sold to Johnson Controls in August 2006. Closed by Johnson Controls in 2007. Partly demolished in 2014 (the south half of the building along with the guard shack in front of the plant). The remaining facility at the north end of the property is now the Cal-Chlor Corp. East Packaging and Distribution Facility. The former south end of the plant is now used for storage by Cal-Chlor.

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Olathe, Kansas|Olathe, Kansas]]||United States||Batteries||1956||1999||Known as Plant 14. Located at 400 W. Dennis Ave. Supplied batteries to GM's Midwest assembly plants like Fairfax, Oklahoma City and Wentzville. Olathe was the first plant to produce the maintenance-free battery in 1970-1971 employing what was described as wire wound grid technology. The product was sold exclusively to JC Penny. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Last product produced was a heavy duty battery for Caterpillar. Closed by Delphi in 2005. Demolished. Site being redeveloped as Olathe Commerce Park. Some of the site is now a Jett Trucking terminal.

|-

|9 (1979-1988)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Q&amp;nbsp;(1971-1978)||[[w:Detroit Assembly|Detroit Assembly]] (Cadillac Clark Street plant)||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]s including &lt;br&gt;  [[w:Cadillac Series 62|Cadillac Series 62]] (1940-1942, 1946-1964),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Calais|Cadillac Calais]] (1965-1976), &lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac DeVille|Cadillac DeVille]] (1949-1984),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Sixty Special|Cadillac Sixty Special]] (1938-1942, 1946-1976),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham|Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham]] (1977-1986),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Brougham|Cadillac Brougham]] (1987-1988),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Eldorado|Cadillac Eldorado]] (1953-1978),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#1957–1958 Eldorado Brougham|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (Series 70)]] (1957-1958),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#1959–60 Eldorado Brougham|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (Series 6900)]] (1959-1960) (chassis &amp; final finishing),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Seville#First generation (1976–1979)|Cadillac Seville]] (1976-1979), &lt;br /&gt;[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] (1934-1940)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Third generation (1977–1990)|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1986-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#Second generation (1977–1990)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1985-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 88#Eighth generation (1977–1985)|Oldsmobile Delta 88]] (1984-1985) &lt;br /&gt;Cadillac engines (V8, V12, V16) &lt;br /&gt; LaSalle straight-8 (1934-1936) (based on Oldsmobile straight-8 but assembled by Cadillac from Oldsmobile supplied components)||1921||1987||Located at 2860 Clark St. This was Cadillac's home plant and built all Cadillacs until 1971. During WWII, it built M5 &amp; M5A1 Stuart tanks and M24 Chaffee tanks. Cadillac also built the V8 engines that powered these tanks &amp; it also supplied engines to power these tank models made by other GM divisions and other companies as well as to power other types of armored vehicles. Cadillac also made components for aircraft engines made by GM's Allison Division. Cadillac also made M8 75mm howitzer motor carriages &amp; M19 Twin 40mm anti-aircraft carriages. Factory closed December 1987. Chrome plating operation closed in March 1993. Engineering building (including tool room) closed in March 1994. Demolished entirely. Redeveloped into Clark Street Technology Park in 1997. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fleetwood Metal Body#Purchase by Fisher|Fleetwood - Detroit Body Assembly]] (Fisher Body No. 18)||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Bodies for [[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]] &amp; [[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]]||1917||1987||Originally built to build aircraft for World War I. Taken over by Fisher Body in 1919 &amp; given to Fleetwood Metal Body after Fisher Body took over Fleetwood in 1925. Fleetwood Metal Body plant. Also known as Fisher Body Plant #18. Supplied bodies to Cadillac's Clark St. plant in Detroit. Located at 261 West End Ave in the [[w:Delray, Detroit|Delray]] neighborhood of Detroit. Redeveloped into Container Port Group's Detroit facility. 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Detroit Diesel|Detroit Diesel]]||[[w:Redford, Michigan|Redford, Michigan]]||United States||Diesel engines for commercial vehicles||1938||1994||Located at 13400 W. Outer Drive. Was the Detroit Diesel-Allison Division from 1970 through 1987 when it again became the the Detroit Diesel Division. Spun off in 1988 as the Detroit Diesel Corp., a joint venture with Penske Corp., which had a majority stake of 60%. Penske increased its stake to 80% later in 1988 and then to 100% in 1994. Penske sold Detroit Diesel to DaimlerChrysler in 2000. DaimlerChrysler became Daimler AG in 2007. In 2019, Daimler AG spun off its truck and bus operations including Detroit Diesel into a separate company called Daimler Truck Holding AG.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Detroit Forge||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Forged metal components||c.1919||1994||Located at 8435 St Aubin St.  Straddles the border of [[w:Detroit|Detroit]] and [[w:Hamtramck|Hamtramck]]. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] &amp; Manufacturing Inc. in 1994. Closed in 2008, subsequently demolished around 2014.  

|- 

|3||Chevrolet-Detroit Truck &amp; Bus Plant||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Step-Van|Chevrolet Step-Van]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Step-Van|GMC Value-Van]]&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet &amp; GMC P-Series motorhome &amp; commercial chassis&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet van#1992–1996|Chevrolet Van G30 HD/ GMC Vandura G3500 HD cutaway]] (Based on P-series P30 chassis with extended front end &amp;  forward-tilting hood) 1993-1996||1974||1999||Located at 601 Piquette Ave. in Detroit (Formerly Fisher Body No. 23). P-Series motorhome &amp; stepvan chassis business (Commercial and Motorhome Chassis Division) was sold to investors (not including the Detroit plant) and became Workhorse Custom Chassis in 1999. Workhorse was later acquired by Navistar International in 2005, which later closed the Workhorse business in 2012 and sold the assets to AMP Electric Vehicles in 2013.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Detroit Transmission Division - Detroit||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Hydramatic|Hydramatic]] automatic transmissions||1939||1949||Was located at 5140 Riopelle St. (between Farnsworth St. &amp; Theodore St.) in what had been Fisher Body Plant #10. Original assembly site for the world's first production, fully automatic transmission and the headquarters of the new GM division created to produce it - the Detroit Transmission Division. First production Hydramatic shipped to Oldsmobile in October 1939. Debuted on the 1940 Oldsmobile. A heavier-duty version then launched on the 1941 Cadillac. Hydramatics continued to be produced during World War II for use in M5/M5A1 Stuart and M24 Chafee tanks (mated to Cadillac V8s), T17E1 Staghound and  T18E2 Boarhound armored cars (mated to GMC inline-6's), M8 75mm howitzer motor carriages (mated to Cadillac V8s), LVT-3 Bushmaster amphibious landing vehicles (mated to Cadillac V8s), &amp; Mark 1 Armored Snowmobiles made by Bombardier of Canada (mated to a Cadillac V8). Hydramatic became optional on Pontiacs in 1948. Hydramatic also became optional on Lincolns in 1949. The 1 millionth Hydramatic was built in January 1949. Needing more production capacity than the original factory in Detroit could handle, the Detroit Transmission Division relocated to a newer and much bigger plant in Livonia, Michigan in September 1949. Was later used by Cadillac as a parts warehouse supplying its Clark St. plant in Detroit. Closed by GM in the early 1980's and sold. Was subsequently used by Total Foods. Last occupied by Palmer Promotional Products. Heavily damaged by a fire in February 2014. The remains of the building were then demolished by summer 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Detroit Transmission Division - Livonia||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Hydramatic|Hydramatic]] automatic transmissions||1949||1953||The Detroit Transmission Division moved from Detroit to a newer and larger factory in Livonia in 1949. In addition to Pontiac, Oldsmobile, &amp; Cadillac, Livonia also supplied Hydramatics to Lincoln, Nash, Hudson, Kaiser, and Fraser. However, the factory burned down in August 1953 causing 6 deaths and more than $80 million in damage. GM quickly arranged to lease Kaiser’s Willow Run factory to replace the destroyed Livonia plant and GM then bought the plant outright in November 1953 for $26 million. Salvaged equipment from Livonia was taken to [[w:Willow Run#General Motors operations|Willow Run]]; see [[w:Willow Run Transmission|Willow Run Transmission]]. 

|- 

|5&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;C (1962-1978)||[[w:General Motors Diesel|General Motors Diesel]]||[[w:London, Ontario|London, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:List of GM-EMD locomotives|EMD Locomotives]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM New Look (Fishbowl) Bus|GM New Look bus]] (1961-1978)&lt;br /&gt;Terex earthmovers (1965-1980)&lt;br /&gt;Military vehicles including:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:AVGP|Grizzly/Cougar/Husky LAV I]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LAV II|LAV II (LAV-25/Bison/Coyote)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LAV III|LAV III]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Stryker|Stryker]]||1950 (GM Electro-Motive Division)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1961 (Transit bus)||1979 (Transit bus)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2003 (GM Defense)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2005 (GM Electro-Motive Division)||Transit bus production began in London, Ontario in late 1961. Transit bus production moved to Saint-Eustache factory in 1979. The part of the property making military vehicles (armored fighting vehicles like the [[w:Stryker|Stryker]]) as GM Defense was sold in 2003 to [[w:General Dynamics Land Systems|General Dynamics Land Systems]], becoming [[w:General Dynamics Land Systems#General Dynamics Land Systems Canada|General Dynamics Land Systems – Canada (GDLS-C)]]. Located at 1991 Oxford St E. Interestingly, General Dynamics Land Systems was originally formed in 1982 when General Dynamics bought Chrysler Defense, Chrysler's tank division in the US, which was then renamed General Dynamics Land Systems. The locomotive operations were sold in 2005 and renamed [[w:Electro-Motive Diesel|Electro-Motive Diesel]], Inc. Electro-Motive was then sold to [[w:Caterpillar Inc.|Caterpillar's]] [[w:Progress Rail|Progress Rail]] subsidiary in 2010. The London, ON plant was then shuttered in 2012 &amp; operations moved to a new plant in Muncie, Indiana. This part of the plant is now used by HCL Logistics, which provides logistics services to next door General Dynamics Land Systems – Canada. Located at 2021 Oxford St. E.  

|- 

|3 (1981-1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;M (1979-1980)||[[w:General Motors Diesel|General Motors Diesel]] Saint-Eustache Bus Plant||[[w:Saint-Eustache, Quebec|Saint-Eustache, Quebec]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:GM New Look (Fishbowl) Bus|GM New Look bus]] (1979-1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Classic (transit bus)|GM Classic bus]] (1983-1987)||1979||1987||Located at 1000 Industriel Blvd. Manufactures [[w:transit bus|transit bus]]es. GM consolidated Canadian transit bus production here from the London, Ontario and St. Laurent, Quebec plants in 1979. New Look transit bus production ended in 1986. Sold to [[w:Motor Coach Industries|Motor Coach Industries]], along with the designs for the [[w:Classic (transit bus)|Classic]] bus models this factory still produced in 1987. Later sold to [[w:Nova Bus|Nova Bus]] in 1993. Production of the Classic model bus ended in 1997. Still owned by [[w:Nova Bus|Nova Bus]], which is owned by [[w:Volvo AB|Volvo AB]] through [[w:Prevost (bus manufacturer)|Prevost Car]]. Prevost bought 51% of Nova Bus in 1998 and bought the remaining 49% from Henlys Group in 2004. 

|- 

|M|| [[w:General Motors Diesel|General Motors Diesel]] Saint Laurent Bus Plant || [[w:Saint Laurent, Quebec|Saint Laurent, Quebec]] || Canada || [[w:GM New Look bus|GM New Look bus]] (1975-1979)

|| 1974 || 1979 || Bus operations moved to [[w:Saint-Eustache, Quebec|Saint-Eustache, Quebec]]. 

|- 

|D &lt;br /&gt;(1960-1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] and 1965-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; C (1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] and Pre-1960 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;6 (Pre-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Doraville Assembly|Doraville Assembly]]||[[w:Doraville, Georgia|Doraville, Georgia]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Uplander|Chevrolet Uplander]] (2005-2008 &amp; '09 in Canada)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Montana#Second generation (2005)|Pontiac Montana SV6]] (2005-2006 &amp; '07-'09 in Canada)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Terraza|Buick Terraza]] (2005-2007)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saturn Relay|Saturn Relay]] (2005-2007)||1947||2008||Located at 3900 Motors Industrial Way. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. First vehicle built in Nov. 1947 was an Oldsmobile. Some of the original property bought by GM for the Doraville plant in 1945 was deemed as excess and was sold off. One of the parts that was sold (82 acres) was sold to Chevrolet to build a parts warehouse. Doraville began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1964. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Oldsmobile and Pontiac production ended in Dec. 1965, leaving just Chevrolet and Buick. Oldsmobile production resumed in Aug. 1967 for the 1968 model year. Oldsmobile production again ended in April 1970 followed by Buick production in July 1970. Pontiac production resumed in Aug. 1970 for the 1971 model year. B-body full-size Chevrolet and Pontiac production ended in Dec. 1973 and midsize A-body Chevrolet and Oldsmobile production began in Jan. 1974.[https://dekalbhistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/history-of-doraville-gm-plant.pdf] Doraville switched to building fwd A-body Oldsmobiles and Buicks for 1982. Doraville then switched to building W-body Oldsmobiles for 1988. Passenger car production ended in 1995 and the Cutlass Supreme coupe &amp; sedan were moved to Fairfax II during 1995 while the convertible was discontinued. Doraville was converted to build minivans for 1997. Production ended in September 2008. Last vehicle built was a Chevy Uplander. Demolished in 2014-2015. Site is being redeveloped. Parts of the site are now occupied by Nalley Automotive Group (Infiniti dealership &amp; a Collision Center), Mike Rezi Nissan (formerly Nalley Nissan), Assembly Studios Atlanta, Third Rail Studios at Assembly Atlanta, and Serta Simmons Bedding.&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Venture|Chevrolet Venture]] (1997-2005), [[w:Oldsmobile Silhouette#Second generation (1997–2004)|Oldsmobile Silhouette]] (1997-2004), [[w:Pontiac Trans Sport#Second generation (1997-1999)|Pontiac Trans Sport]] (1997-1998), [[w:Pontiac Montana|Pontiac Montana]] (1999-2005), [[w:Pontiac Trans Sport#Second generation (Chevrolet)|Chevrolet Trans Sport]] (Europe: '97-'04), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1982-1987), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick Lesabre]] (1959-1970), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1951-1952, 1954-1958), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1950-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1955, 1957-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963, 1965-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1964-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1964-70), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-74), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle#Third generation (1973–1977)|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1974-77), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1964-1974), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1975-1980), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Fourth generation (intermediate) 1973–1977|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (Gen 4) (1974-1977), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Fifth-generation (intermediate) 1978–1988|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (Gen 5) (1978-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1982-1987), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fifth generation (1988–1997)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1988-1995), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1966, 1968-1970), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1948-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1966),  [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958, 1960-1966), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#First generation (1962–1964)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1964), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1960-1966, 1971-1974), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1951, 1953, 1955, 1958), [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1973-1974), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1964), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1961),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1974-1981), [[w:GMC Sprint |GMC Sprint]] (1974-77), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1981),&lt;br&gt;  [[w:Opel Sintra|Opel Sintra]]/[[w:Vauxhall Sintra|Vauxhall Sintra]] (1997-1999). 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors East Africa||[[w:Nairobi|Nairobi]]||[[w:Kenya|Kenya]]||[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;Isuzu buses&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;||1977||2017||Originally established in 1975 as GM Kenya, a joint venture with the Kenyan govt. Renamed GM East Africa in 2003. Other shareholders are Kenya’s Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC): 20%, Centum Investment Co. Ltd.: 17.8%, &amp; Itochu Corporation: 4.5%. 

Isuzu moved pickup production to South Africa in 2012 so it could focus on trucks &amp; buses at the Nairobi plant. &lt;br /&gt; 

GM sold its 57.7% stake in the factory to Isuzu in 2017 and left the Kenyan market. Now known as Isuzu East Africa. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Isuzu D-Max|Isuzu D-Max]], [[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]], [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||ELAZ-GM||[[w:Yelabuga|Yelabuga]], [[w:Tatarstan|Tatarstan]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]]||1996||2001||GM owned about 25% &amp; ELAZ owned the other 75%. Joint venture dissolved in 2001.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Electro Motive Division|Electro Motive Division]] - [[w:Electro-Motive Diesel#EMD La Grange (McCook)|La Grange Operations]]||[[w:McCook, Illinois|McCook, Illinois]]||United States||[[w:List of GM-EMD locomotives|Locomotives]]&lt;br /&gt;Engines&lt;br /&gt;Components||1936|| ||Located at 9301 W. 55th St.&lt;br /&gt; Electro-Motive headquarters and R&amp;D operations. Locomotive production ended in 1991 and was moved to London, ON, Canada. Sold in 2005, renamed [[w:Electro-Motive Diesel|Electro-Motive Diesel]], bought by Caterpillar's Progress Rail subsidiary in 2010.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Elmore Manufacturing Company|Elmore]]||[[w:Clyde, Ohio|Clyde]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Elmore automobiles||1909||1912|| Factory was located on Amanda St. Bought by GM in November 1909. Elmore was known for its two-stroke engines. GM closed it down in the fall of 1912. GM sold the factory to a truckmaker named Krebs Commercial Car Company in 1912. In 1917, Krebs Commercial Car Company merged with Clyde Cars Company and Lincoln Motor Truck Company to form what became Clydesdale Motor Truck Company in 1919. Clydesdale Motor Truck Company closed in 1939 and the factory was then used by Clyde Porcelain Steel Company until the factory burned down November 11, 1945. The factory would be rebuilt and used for making washing machines by various companies, most recently, Whirlpool Corp.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Ewing||[[w:Geneva, Ohio|Geneva]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Ewing automobiles||1909||1911||Bought by GM in October 1909. Made taxis. GM closed it down in 1911.

|-

|X (1965–1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;K (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] &amp; [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;4 (Pre-1965 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Fairfax Assembly|Fairfax Assembly]] (Fairfax I)||[[w:Kansas City, Kansas|Kansas City, Kansas]]||United States||[[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971-1973), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963, 1971-1974), [[w:Buick Estate|Buick Estate]] (1970-1979), [[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick Electra Estate]] (1980-1987), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1985), [[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick LeSabre Estate]] (1980-1987), [[w:Buick Limited|Buick Limited]] (1958), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1948-1949, 1951, 1953, 1956-1958), [[w:Buick Skylark#First generation (1961–1963)|Buick Skylark]] (1962-1963), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special (B-body)]] (1947-1950, 1952-1958), [[w:Buick Special#1961–1963|Buick Special (Y-body)]] (1962-1963), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1982-1987), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1982-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1948-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile F-85|Oldsmobile F-85/&lt;br&gt;Cutlass]] (1962-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1974-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Sixth generation (1977–1981)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-70, 1975-1981), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1981), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1950-1958), [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-1968), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1968), [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1971-1975), [[w:Pontiac LeMans#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac LeMans]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Parisienne#Fifth generation: 1977–1986|Pontiac Parisienne]] (1984-1986), [[w:Pontiac Safari|Pontiac Safari]] (1987), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1954-1959, 1964, 1966), [[w:Pontiac Tempest#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac Tempest]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961) ||1946||1987||Located at 100 Kindelberger Road. Originally, the location of the [[w:North American Aviation|North American Aviation]] Bomber Production Plant (built in 1940) where the [[w:B-25 Mitchell|B-25 Mitchell]] was manufactured during World War II. After the war, GM leased it in 1945 and converted the plant to auto production. Automotive production began in June 1946. GM later bought the plant in 1960. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Fairfax mostly focused on full-size cars ([[w:General Motors A platform (RWD)#1926-1959|A-]], B-, &amp; C-body) but it also built B-O-P Y-body compact cars for 1962-1963. Fairfax only began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1982. Also built [[w:F-84F Thunderstreak|F-84F Thunderstreak]] fighter jets alongside cars beginning in 1952 and ending in May 1955 when the contract ended. Plant closed May 1987. Production moved to new building on adjacent site (Fairfax II) for 1988 model year production. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:History of General Motors#Corporate restructuring and operating losses|Fiat-GM Powertrain Polska]]||[[w:Bielsko-Biala|Bielsko-Biala]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Fiat JTD engine#1.3 JTDm/Multijet/CDTI/D/DDiS/HDi|GM Small Diesel Engine]] ||2003||2010|| Engine began production here in 2003 as part of Fiat-GM Powertrain, a 50/50 joint venture between GM &amp; Fiat involving joint development and production of engines and transmissions. The joint venture was disbanded in 2005. As part of the dissolution, GM took a 50% stake in the Bielsko-Biala engine plant and the intellectual property of the 1.3 liter diesel engine produced there. In 2010, GM sold its half of the Bielsko-Biala engine plant back to Fiat. However, GM kept its half of the intellectual property of the 1.3 liter diesel engine produced there and continued to source the 1.3 liter diesel engine from the Bielsko-Biala engine plant. Chevrolet stopped using this engine around 2015. Opel was still using this engine when it was sold by GM to PSA in 2017. Opel last used this engine in 2019. This plant became part of [[w:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles|FCA]] in 2014 when Fiat and Chrysler Group merged. This plant became part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] in 2021 when FCA merged with PSA Group. Stellantis has announced that the Bielsko-Biala engine plant will close by the end of 2024.   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body No. 10||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Auto bodies ||1917-&lt;br /&gt;1919||1939||Was located at 5140 Riopelle St. (between Farnsworth St. &amp; Theodore St.).GM bought 60% of Fisher Body in 1919 and bought the remainder in 1926. From 1926, Fisher Body only supplied bodies to GM brands. In 1939, became headquarters and manufacturing site of GM's new Detroit Transmission Division, which manufactured Hydramatic fully automatic transmissions that first appeared on the 1940 Oldsmobile.
|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 12]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States|| ||1916||1942||Located at 1961 E. Milwaukee Ave. Previously used by Metzger Motor Car Company from 1910-1913 and [[w:Maxwell Motor Company|Maxwell Motor Company]] from 1913-1916. Owned by Fisher from 1916-1942 then sold to J. Lee Hackett Co. which owned it until 1973. Used for warehousing from 1973-1981 and then demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 21]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States||Bodies for Buick &amp; Cadillac&lt;br /&gt;Engineering and Tool &amp; Die operations&lt;br /&gt;Bodies for Cadillac limousines&lt;br /&gt;Pre-production Pilot bodies||1919||1984||Located at 700 Piquette Ave. In 1999, was re-addressed as 6051 Hastings Street. Made bodies for Buick through 1926 when Buick body production moved to Fisher Body Plant No. 1 - Flint on S. Saginaw St. Made bodies for Cadillac through 1929 when Cadillac body production moved to the Fisher Body Plant No. 18/Fleetwood Body plant. Became an engineering facility from 1930-1955. Produced parts for B-25 &amp; B-29 bombers in World War II (Aircraft Unit). Also did product development and engineering during World War II (Central Development and Experimental Unit). In 1955, GM transferred production of Cadillac limousine bodies from the Fleetwood plant in Detroit to Fisher #21 plant due to it being a low-volume operation. Closed April 1984. Sold to Cameo Color Coat in 1985 which transferred it to Carter Color Coat in 1990. Carter Color Coat then went bankrupt and the property was abandoned in 1993. GM removed some paints and other hazardous materials in the early 1990s. It's been owned by the city of Detroit since 2000. Now being converted into Fisher 21 Lofts, a mixed residential and commercial development scheduled to open in 2027.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 23/23B]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States||Tool &amp; Die plant through 1972.||1921||1972||Located at 601 Piquette Ave. #23 was the six story portion while #23B was the one story portion. Known as the Detroit Die and Machine Plant. In WWII, made B-25, B-29, P-80 aircraft tools and fixtures; M4, M10, M36, M26, M18 tank parts; 3-inch and 5-inch Naval Gun Breech Housings, 155mm and 8-in. gun parts, Diesel Engine parts and Torqmatic Transmission parts. Became Chevrolet's Detroit Truck &amp; Bus plant in 1974. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 37]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States||Large bodyside stampings||1919||1985||Located at 950 E Milwaukee Ave. Produced aircraft and tank assemblies, 90 mm AA guns, 5” naval gun housings and Lockheed missile parts during World War II. In 1989, bought by Lakeside Stamping which was renamed New Center Stamping in 1994. In 2019, New Center Stamping Inc. was taken over by Soave Enterprises and still stamps parts for automakers including GM, Ford, and Stellantis. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body No. 40||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Tooling ||1928||1983-1984||Was located at 1500 E. Ferry St. Plant 41 was next door and was used for storage. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body Overseas Corp. - Dundonald plant||[[w:Dundonald, County Down|Dundonald]], [[w:Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] ||Seat Belts, window regulators, door locks, door switches, &amp; other automotive hardware||1980||1988||Located at 770 Upper Newtownards Road at the corner of Carrowreagh Road. Dundonald is an eastern suburb of Belfast. From 1966-1977, was a Rolls-Royce plant making aircraft engine parts. GM's Fisher Body division bought the plant in 1978 and reopened it in 1979. Production began in 1980. In 1982, the Dundonald plant became part of Fisher Body Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp. Sold to Takata Corp. in 1988. Operated as European Components Corp. (ECC) and later as TK-ECC, still making seat belts, until it was closed in 2004. Plant was later demolished.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body Overseas Corp. - Kennedy Way plant||[[w:Belfast|Belfast]], [[w:Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] ||Seat Belt Buckles, Door switches, &amp; other automotive hardware||1982||?||Located in Kennedy Way Industrial Estate on Blackstaff Road in western Belfast. The Kennedy Way plant was part of Fisher Body Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Flint Plant #1|Flint Body Assembly]] (Fisher Body Flint Plant #1)||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint]], Michigan||United States||Bodies for Buick and later also Chevrolet &amp; Oldsmobile&lt;br /&gt;||1923||1987||Located at 4000-4500 S. Saginaw St. Originally a [[w:Durant Motors|Durant Motors]] plant. Bought by GM in 1926. Became Fisher Body Plant No. 1 - Flint. Supplied bodies to the Buick plant in Flint (later known as Buick City). After Buick City switched to unibody, fwd cars for 1986, Flint Body began supplying bodies for G-cars built at the Pontiac Assembly plant in Pontiac, MI. Closed in Dec. 1987 when G-body production at Pontiac Assembly ended. Last body built was a Buick Regal Grand National to be completed at Pontiac Assembly. Most of the site was demolished and the remainder was converted into the Great Lakes Technology Center. GM leased space there for R&amp;D and offices (including AC Rochester world headquarters) until 2009. Various medical-related companies now occupy much of the property. The original administration building at 4300 S. Saginaw St. still stands as of 2022 and still has a Fisher Body logo at the top of the front of the building in the center.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Flint V8 Engine Plant/Flint Engine South|Chevrolet-Flint (V8) Engine Plant]] (Van Slyke Road)||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)|Chevrolet Small-Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift I6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:List of Isuzu engines#Isuzu G engine|Isuzu G140 &amp; G161Z SOHC gas&lt;br&gt; 4-cylinder engine for Chevy Chevette &amp; Pontiac 1000/Acadian]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| title = 1975, Chevrolet Turns to Opel for the New Fuel-Saving Chevette| url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180116081057/https://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/1975%2C_Chevrolet_Turns_to_Opel_for_the_New_Fuel-Saving_Chevette| archive-date = 2018-01-16| publisher = General Motors| access-date = 2014-06-05| url-status = dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;||1954||1999||Located at 3848 Van Slyke Road, down the block from the Flint Truck Assembly Plant. Chevy Small-Block V8 engine production began here on July 9, 1954. Only V8 engines were made until 1961, when 4 &amp; 6 cylinder engines began to be made for the 1962 Chevy II. Around 45 million Chevy small-block V8 engines were built at this plant. Plant closed in 1999 and was demolished. Land is now used by a new paint shop for the [[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly Plant]]. The new paint shop (Flint Assembly Paint Operations) was announced in December 2013 and opened in 2016, replacing the previous paint shop inside the assembly plant. 

|- 

|1 (1928-1947)||[[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Flint Manufacturing Div./Delphi Flint West/Flint Tool and Die|Chevrolet-Flint Manufacturing Complex]] (&quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot;) /&lt;br /&gt; Flint West||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] vehicles including [[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (Gen 1 &amp; 2)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] engines including [[w:Chevrolet Inline-4 engine#171|Chevrolet Inline-4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine|Chevrolet Stovebolt / Blue Flame I6]]&lt;br /&gt;||1913||2004||Located at 300 N. Chevrolet Ave. (formerly known as Wilcox Street). This was Chevrolet's home plant. It predated Chevrolet becoming part of GM in 1918. The complex originally included metal stamping, body assembly, vehicle assembly, engine assembly, and various component manufacturing plants. On January 11, 1940, the 25 millionth GM vehicle built in the US, a 1940 Chevrolet Special Deluxe Sedan, was built here. Plant 2 (vehicle assembly) &amp; 2A (Fisher Body) were replaced by new plants on Van Slyke Road elsewhere in Flint in 1947 (now the [[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly Plant]]). Plant 4 was the engine plant. It closed in 1984 but was ultimately reopened later. In 1987, the complex was taken over by the AC Spark Plug division and became AC Spark Plug Flint West. In 1988, it became AC Rochester Flint West, and in 1994 AC Delco Systems Flint West following further consolidations. In early 1995, it was renamed Delphi Flint West. Around this time, plants in the complex began to be demolished until Plant 4 closed in 2004 and was subsequently demolished. Plant 4 last made generators and fuel filters. Building 35 still exists as part of [[w:Kettering University|Kettering University]]. It is now the C.S. Mott Science and Engineering Building after the addition of another floor and a new façade. Plant 38 still exists as GM's Flint Tool &amp; Die plant. All the other buildings are gone. Much of the property is being redeveloped into a park called [[w:Chevy Commons|Chevy Commons]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint North|Flint North]] Powertrain||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Buick V8 engine|Buick V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V6 engine|Buick V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Engine Components&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Dynaflow|Dynaflow]] transmissions&lt;br /&gt;transmission components&lt;br /&gt; torque converters&lt;br /&gt;coil springs||1905||2010||Complex was made up of several factories. Flint North is the part of the Buick City factory complex north of Leith St. stretching north to E. Pierson Rd. [[w:Liberty L-12|Liberty aircraft engines]] were made here during WWI. Factory 36 was the engine plant. Factory 36 opened in 1952 and closed in 2008. The remainder of the complex closed by December 2010. Demolished by 2012. Part of the site (1225 E. Marengo Ave.) is now occupied by American SpiralWeld Pipe Co.

|- 

||7||[[w:Arlington Assembly#History|Fort Worth Assembly]]||[[w:Fort Worth, TX|Fort Worth, Texas]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]||1917||1924 

|Built by Chevrolet before it became part of GM. Located at 2601 W. 7th St. (then known as Arlington Heights Blvd.). Is across the street from what is now Montgomery Plaza. A 3rd story was added to the building in 1920. Closed due to flood damage from the April 1922 flooding of the Trinity River and the subsequent imposition of flood-control taxes.&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.com/books?id=mTvuAwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=1920+fort+worth+chevrolet+factory&amp;pg=PA52 Lost Fort Worth, page 52&lt;/ref&gt; Montgomery Ward leased the empty Chevy plant between 1924 and 1928 to house a temporary store while its main Fort Worth facility was built across what is now West Seventh Street. That building is now Montgomery Plaza. The Chevy plant was later used by various different companies including GM's Frigidaire division as a sales and warehouse facility and later by Tandy Corp., first for its Radio Shack division and later for its corporate HQ. Demolished in 1986. Site  is now Olympus 7th Street Station, a luxury apartment building.

|- 

|G &lt;br /&gt;(1960-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-1989)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; B (Pre-1960 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; F (Pre-1960 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac)]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 7 (Pre-1960 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Framingham Assembly|Framingham Assembly]]||[[w:Framingham, Massachusetts|Framingham, Massachusetts]]||United States||[[w:General Motors A platform (1925)#1964|GM rwd A-bodies]]: [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1965-1969), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1967-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1967-1972, 1974-1976), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1966-1969, 1971-1972), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1967-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1967-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1967-1977), [[w:Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser|Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser]] (1968-1977), [[w:Buick Skylark#Third generation (1968–1972)|Buick Skylark]] (1970-1972), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1970-1972), [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1973-1981), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1973-1981) 

[[w:General Motors A platform (1982)|GM fwd A-bodies]]: [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1988), [[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1982), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1983-1989), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1989) 

||1948||1989|| Located at 63 Western Ave. First vehicle produced was a 1948 Buick on February 26, 1948. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. Framingham is the only BOP Assembly Division plant to switch to the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Framingham switched to Chevrolet Assembly Division in August 1959 [https://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/gm-framingham-ma-canada-pontiac-buick-olds-plant]. Framingham began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1960. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were then gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division. Framingham Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Idled October 1, 1982 but reopened March 14, 1983. Closed August 1, 1989. Sold to ADESA to use as a vehicle auction site. &lt;br/&gt;Past models: &lt;br/&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova#First generation (1962–1965)|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-1963), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (B-body), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1949-1950, 1955, 1958), [[w:Buick Special#1949–1958|Buick Special]] (1952-1953, 1955-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1954), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]], [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]], [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1951, 1954, 1956), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955, 1957, 1959) 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors France S.A.||[[w:Gennevilliers|Gennevilliers]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]||1939||1940||Operations interrupted by German invasion of France and seizure of the plant in 1940 during WWII. 

|- 

|Z (1965-1982)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;H (1963-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;F (1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] and [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3 (1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Fremont Assembly|Fremont Assembly]]||[[w:Fremont, California|Fremont, California]]||United States||[[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1965-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1964-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1964-1969)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Sport Wagon|Buick Sport Wagon]] (1965)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1973–1991|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1977-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1963-1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1969, 1973-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1964-1969, 1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1964-1971)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC C/K|GMC C/K]] (1963-1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1973–1991|GMC Jimmy]] (1977-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1973-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1964-1971)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1964-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1966-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1964-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser|Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser]] (1965-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Third generation (1969–1972)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1964-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1973)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1964-1969)||1963||1982||Located at 45500 Fremont Blvd.&lt;br /&gt;

Operated from 1963-1982 as a GM factory. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]] though it also built Chevrolet passenger cars from the beginning. Fremont built GM's midsize A-bodies. Was the first BOP Assembly Division plant to also build Chevrolet and GMC trucks. Regular truck production began June 10, 1963. First production car built September 3, 1963. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Plant was idled March 1982.&lt;br /&gt;

From 1984-2010, operated as [[w:NUMMI|New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (NUMMI)]], which was a 50/50 joint venture between GM and [[w:Toyota|Toyota]] and assembled both GM and Toyota vehicles.&lt;br /&gt;

Sold to [[w:Tesla Motors|Tesla, Inc.]] in May 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Sam Abuelsamid|title=Tesla to buy old resources from GM, Toyota for NUMMI plant|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2010/08/22/tesla-to-buy-old-resources-from-gm-toyota/|access-date=20 August 2015|publisher=Autoblog.com|date=August 22, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tesla began production at Fremont in 2012.

|- 

|P||[[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]]||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel Vectra]]||1994||2000||Built by an [[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]] - GM joint venture operating out of a converted old FSO warehouse.  

|- 

|W||[[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]]||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]]||2007||2011||Built by [[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]] for GM as part of a joint venture between [[w:Ukrainian Automobile Corporation|UkrAvto]] (parent of FSO) &amp; GM. [[w:Ukrainian Automobile Corporation|Ukravto]] owned 60% &amp; [[w:GM Daewoo|GM Daewoo]] owned 40%. The production license ended in 2011 &amp; was not renewed. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Gmbh]]||[[w:Berlin|Berlin]]||Germany||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]||1927||1932||Replaced Hamburg plant. Located in Borsigwalde area of Berlin. Also predates the acquisition of [[w:Opel|Opel]] by GM.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Gmbh]]||[[w:Hamburg|Hamburg]]||Germany||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks||1926||1927||GM's first German plant predating the acquisition of [[w:Opel|Opel]]. Located in a leased warehouse.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Hendon|Hendon]], [[w:England|England]]||United Kingdom||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]] ||1924||1930||GM's first British plant predating the acquisition of [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]. Operated out of a leased plant. When Chevrolet production was moved to Luton in 1930, Hendon was used for parts distribution. Later, Frigidaire made appliances at Hendon. In 1970, Hendon began producing steering columns. In 1971, more automotive components began to be produced in place of Frigidaire appliances. In 1980, GM sold the Hendon site for redevelopment but leased back an area for construction of a new plant for Saginaw Steering Gear. The new plant opened in 1981. See listing for &quot;Saginaw Steering Gear Overseas Corp. - Southampton plant&quot; for more details.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Southampton|Southampton]], [[w:Hampshire|Hampshire]], [[w:England|England]]||United Kingdom||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]||1938||1946||Located on West Bay Road in the New Dock area of Southampton. Operations interrupted by German bombing of the UK during WWII. Plant was bombed in 1940 &amp; 1941. Plant was reoccupied in 1946. Plant acquired by GM Ltd. in 1951 and converted to produce automotive components in 1952. See listing for &quot;AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp. - Southampton plant&quot; for more details.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ghandhara Industries|Ghandhara Industries]]||[[w:Karachi|Karachi]], [[w:Sindh|Sindh]]||[[w:Pakistan|Pakistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks and buses]] including [[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]||1953||1970's||Originally a GM owned plant (General Motors Overseas Distribution Corporation). Sold to [[w:Ghandhara Industries|Ghandhara Industries]] Ltd. in 1963. Nationalized in 1972, it then became National Motors Ltd. Privatized to the [[w:Bibojee Group|Bibojee Group]] in 1992 who reverted back to the previous name, Ghandhara Industries. Ghandara Industries assembles Isuzu vehicles today. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[GM-Auto]]||[[w:Saint-Petersburg|Saint-Petersburg]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] 

[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#Second generation (RG; 2011)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]] 

[[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Antara|Opel Antara]] 

||2007||2015||Includes operations at the temporary &quot;Arsenal plant&quot; &amp; the permanent plant in [[w:Shushary, Saint Petersburg|Shushary]]. GM ceased most operations in Russia back in 2015 and the GM-Auto plant closed. Sold to Hyundai Motor in 2020.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM-AvtoVAZ|GM-AvtoVAZ]]||[[w:Tolyatti|Togliatti]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Niva|Chevrolet Niva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Viva|Chevrolet Viva]]||2002||2019||Was originally owned 41.5% by GM, 41.5% by AvtoVAZ, &amp; 17% by [[w:EBRD|EBRD]]. In 2012, [[w:EBRD|EBRD]] was bought out &amp; GM-AvtoVAZ became 50/50 owned by GM &amp; AvtoVAZ. The GM-AvtoVAZ joint venture was dissolved in 2019 when AvtoVAZ bought out GM. The Chevrolet Niva was renamed Lada Niva Travel during 2020. AvtoVAZ was a part of [[w:Renault Group|Renault Group]] from 2016 until 2022. 

|- 

|4||GM España S.A.||[[w:Figueruelas|Figueruelas]], [[w: Zaragoza (province)| Zaragoza (province)]]||[[w:Spain|Spain]]||[[w:Opel Corsa|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] A, B, C, D, E (5 door, van)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Meriva|Opel/Vauxhall Meriva]] A, B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Combo C (2001-2012)|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Combo]] C&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Tigra#Tigra A (1994–2000)|Opel/Vauxhall Tigra A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Nova|Vauxhall Nova]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#Third generation (SB; 1994–2000)|Holden Barina (SB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#Fourth generation (XC; 2001–2005)|Holden Barina (XC)]]||1982||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Indonesia||Pondok Ungu, [[w:Bekasi|Bekasi]], [[w:West Java|West Java]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||After reopening:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spin|Chevrolet Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Before temporary closure in 2005:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Blazer|Opel Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Optima]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra]]||1995||2015||PT Garmak Motor assembled models under license from GM beginning in 1976, before the establishment of their joint venture with GM in 1993. These license built models include: [[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] trucks, [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Morina]], [[w:Opel Rekord Series E|Opel Rekord E 3-d panel van]], [[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett D (1979–1984)|Opel Kadett D]], [[w:Isuzu Faster#First generation (1972–1980)|Chevrolet LUV (Mk 1)]], [[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Chevrolet LUV (Mk II)]], &amp; [[w:Isuzu Trooper#First generation (1981–1991)|Chevrolet Trooper/Stallion]].  

Originally established as PT General Motors Buana Indonesia, which was owned 60% by GM and 40% by PT Garmak Motor. GM bought out Garmak in 1997 taking 100% of the shares. The assembly plant was closed from 2005-2011 and reopened in 2012 to make the Chevy Spin. Closed again in June 2015. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Java||[[w:Tanjung Priok|Tanjung Priok]], [[w:North Jakarta|North Jakarta]], [[w:Jakarta|Jakarta]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]] ([[w:Opel 1.2 Liter|1.2 Liter]])&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] ([[w:Vauxhall 10-4|10-4]])||1927||1953||First Car Factory in what is now Indonesia (at the time, it was the Dutch East Indies). GM pulled out of Indonesia in 1954 and liquidated the company by 1956. Sold to P.N. Gaja Motors, which assembled the Opel Rekord and Kadett in the 1960's. Eventually became part of Astra International and its joint ventures with Toyota/Daihatsu.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.||[[w:Tampoi, Johor|Tampoi]], [[w:Johor|Johor]]||[[w:Malaysia|Malaysia]]||[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Gemini|Opel Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Bedford Harimau]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]||1968||1982||Originally Capital Motor Assembly Corp., which assembled Opel models under license from GM beginning in 1968. These license built models include: [[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore]] A, [[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett B]], [[w:Opel Rekord Series C|Opel Rekord C]], &amp; components. Capital Motor also assembled cars for Honda and Datsun (Nissan). GM bought Capital Motor Assembly in 1971 and renamed it GM Malaysia. Malaysian government policies that said Malaysians had to own a majority of local auto assembly plants forced GM to sell GM Malaysia to Oriental Holdings in 1980 which then renamed the unit Oriental Assemblers. Assembly of GM vehicles ended in 1982. Oriental Assemblers continued making Honda cars at this plant until around 2004.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Philippines, Inc.||[[w:Paco, Manila|Paco district]], [[w:Manila|Manila]]||[[w:Philippines|Philippines]]||[[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet trucks&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HT|Holden HT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HG|Holden HG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Gemini|Isuzu Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Parisienne#Philippines|Pontiac Parisienne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX4/90|Vauxhall VX4/90]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|GM Amigo/Tiger/Harabas]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]] ||1953||1985||Originally Yutivo Sons Hardware Co. Yutivo assembled various models under license from GM beginning in 1953. GM bought a 49% stake in Yutivo in 1972 and renamed it GM Philippines. Isuzu invested in the company in 1979 and it was renamed GM Pilipinas, Inc. Assembly of GM vehicles ended in 1985 and GM sold the plant to Isuzu in 1994. Isuzu closed this plant and company in 1995 and replaced it with a new plant in Biñan, Laguna owned by a new subsidiary (Isuzu Philippines Corporation).  

|- 

|G||[[w:GM Manufacturing Poland|GM Manufacturing Poland Sp. z o.o.]]||[[w:Gliwice|Gliwice]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Opel Astra#Astra K (B16; 2015)|Opel Astra]] K (5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Seventh generation (BK, BL; 2016)|Holden Astra (BK)]] (5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra J (P10; 2009)|Opel/Vauxhall Astra J]] (3-door, 4-door sedan, 5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra H (A04; 2004)|Opel Astra Classic III]] sedan&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Sixth generation (PJ; 2015)|Holden Astra (PJ)]] (GTC, VXR)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra H (A04; 2004)|Opel Astra H]] sedan&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra G (T98; 1998)|Opel Astra Classic II]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fourth generation (TS; 1998)|Holden Astra Classic (TS)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra F (T92; 1992)|Opel Astra Classic I]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Agila#First generation (H00; 2000)|Opel/Vauxhall Agila A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Solio#First generation (MA63S/MA64S/MA32S; 1999)|Suzuki Wagon R+ (2005-2007)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Cascada|Opel/Vauxhall Cascada]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Cascada|Buick Cascada]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Cascada|Holden Cascada (CJ)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira B (2005)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira B]]||1998||2019|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] plant. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Continued to supply the [[w:Buick Cascada|Buick Cascada]] to GM through 2019. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021.   

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Powertrain Fredericksburg||[[w:Fredericksburg, Virginia|Fredericksburg, Virginia]]||United States||Torque converter clutches for automatic transmissions||1979||2010|| Located at 11032 Tidewater Trail. Originally part of Delco Moraine Division, which bought the plant in 1978 from American Poclain. Moved to GM Powertrain division in 1993. Sold to idX Corp. in 2017.  

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Powertrain Poland|GM Powertrain Poland]]||[[w:Tychy|Tychy]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||Diesel engines including the Isuzu [[w:Circle L engine|Circle L engine]]||1999||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] plant. Originally founded as Isuzu Motors Polska (ISPOL) in 1996. GM bought 60% in 2002 &amp; the remaining 40% in 2013. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] along with Opel in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Grand Blanc Metal Center|Grand Blanc Metal Center]]||[[w:Grand Blanc, Michigan|Grand Blanc, Michigan]]||United States||Metal stampings and metal fabrication of body components, Tooling jigs-and-fixtures||1942||2013||Located at 10800 S. Saginaw St. Originally built by the US govt. and opened in 1942 to build tanks. Also known as the Fisher Body Tank Plant as it was operated by GM's Fisher Body Div. Built [[w:M4 Sherman|M4 Sherman]] (M4A2, M4A3 &amp; M4A3E2) and [[w:M26 Pershing|M26 Pershing]] (T26E3) tanks as well as M10 &amp; M10A1 &quot;Wolverine&quot; Tank Destroyers during WWII and [[w:M48 Patton|M48 Patton]] (M48 and M48A1) tanks beginning in 1952 for the Korean War. Grand Blanc also made a 90mm main gun that Grand Blanc installed on the last 300 M10A1s built at Grand Blanc, thus converting them into the M36 &quot;Jackson&quot;. The Grand Blanc-built 90mm main gun was also installed on other M10A1s by other companies and by Grand Blanc on the M4A3 Sherman tank to create the M36B1 &amp; M36B2 tank destroyers. Grand Blanc also supplied 2,445 turrets and 1,511 hulls for the 2,507 M18 Hellcats built by the Buick Division. Production ended in 1945 as WWII wound down. Buick then leased Grand Blanc and used it as a warehouse from 1947 until Fisher Body bought it in 1951. The M48 Patton was built from 1952-1955. Converted in 1955 into an automotive body metal fabricating plant. Became part of GM's Metal Fabricating Division in 1994 and became Grand Blanc Weld Tool Center in 2002, making tooling for GM. Closed July 2013. Most of the work done at Grand Blanc was transferred to Parma, OH. Now called Grand Blanc Center, apparently used as a warehouse.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Grand Rapids Metal Center||[[w:Wyoming, Michigan|Wyoming, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1936||2009||Located at 300 36th Street SW. Metal fabricating plant. Demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Guide Lamp Division||[[w:Anderson, Indiana|Anderson, Indiana]]||United States||Headlamp, Taillamp assemblies||1929||1998||GM bought Guide Motor Lamp Manufacturing Company in 1928, becoming part of the Delco Remy division initially before becoming the separate Guide Lamp Division in 1929. Guide Lamp Division was renamed Guide Division in 1975. Guide Division merged with Fisher Body in 1984 to create Fisher Guide. Fisher Guide then merged with the Inland Division in 1990 to form Inland Fisher Guide. In 1998, Guide operations were sold to [[w:Palladium Equity Partners|Palladium Equity Partners]] which turned the operation into Guide Corp. In 2007, Guide Corp. closed down.  

|- 

|H||[[w:General Motors India|Halol]]||[[w:Halol|Halol]], [[w:Gujarat|Gujarat]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Chevrolet Sail#India|Chevrolet Sail U-VA]] (hatchback)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#India|Chevrolet Sail]] (sedan)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tavera|Chevrolet Tavera]]||1995||2017||Past models:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet SRV|Chevrolet SRV]] (sports hatch), [[w:Chevrolet Optra|Chevrolet Optra]], [[w:Chevrolet Enjoy|Chevrolet Enjoy]], [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa]] (sedan), [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa Sail]] (hatchback), [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa Swing]] (station wagon), [[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]]. &lt;br /&gt; 

The new [[w:General Motors India|GM India]] began as a 50/50 joint venture with [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]] in 1994.The Halol plant was bought from [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]] in 1995. GM bought out [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]] in 1999.  

Sold to SAIC to produce [[w:MG Motor India|MG Motor India]] vehicles in 2017.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body - Hamilton-Fairfield Stamping Plant||[[w:Hamilton, Ohio|Hamilton, Ohio]]||United States||Stampings &amp; Bodies for GM vehicles||1947||1988||Located at 4400 Dixie Highway. Now the Fisher Industrial Park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Harrison Radiator Division - Moraine||[[w:Moraine|Moraine]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Machining and assembly of automotive A/C compressors, valves, and accumulator dehydrators||1941||1999||Located at 3600 Dryden Road. Originally built for [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]]. In 1975, automotive and appliance operations were split with the automotive operations becoming Delco Air Conditioning Division. [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] appliance division was sold in 1979. Delco Air Conditioning Division merged into Harrison Radiator Division in 1981. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] in 1999. Became Delphi Harrison Thermal Systems. Closed by Delphi in 2003. Demolished by 2005.  

|- 

|H1, H2,&lt;br&gt; H3, H4 [https://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/holden_identification]||Holden Acacia Ridge Plant||[[w:Acacia Ridge, Queensland|Acacia Ridge, Queensland]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]] models including:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HT|Holden HT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HG|Holden HG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Gemini#First generation|Holden Gemini TX, TC, TD, TE, TF, TG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]]||1966||1984||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Replaced Fortitude Valley plant.

|- 

|A||Holden Birkenhead Plant||[[w:Birkenhead, South Australia|Birkenhead, South Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]&lt;br /&gt;||1926||1981||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1931 until 1938. Also produced military vehicles &amp; equipment during WWII. Before WWII, Birkenhead combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. After WWII, Birkenhead assembled CKD chassis imported from the US, Canada, &amp; the UK and combined them with bodies made in Woodville. Once Holden brand cars started to be made in 1948, body and chassis components came from Woodville &amp; powertrain came from Fishermans Bend and complete cars were assembled in Birkenhead. Vehicle production ended in 1965 when the Elizabeth plant started making complete vehicles. Birkenhead was then used as an export boxing area, a parts warehouse, and also assembled earthmoving equipment for Terex (then owned by GM) from 1969 until the mid 1970's. 

|- 

|M,&lt;br&gt; J1, J2, J3, &lt;br&gt; and J4-J9||Holden Dandenong Plant||[[w:Dandenong|Dandenong]], [[w:Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]] models including:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]] LH, LX, UC&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Sunbird|Holden Sunbird]] LX, UC&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VH)|Holden Commodore (VH)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VK)|Holden Commodore (VK)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VL)|Holden Commodore (VL)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Nova|Holden Nova]] LE, LF &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Toyota Corolla (E90)#Australia|Toyota Corolla (E90)]]&lt;br /&gt;Bedford by Isuzu &amp; [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] trucks&lt;br /&gt;Body making&lt;br /&gt;Torque converters &amp; other components||1956|||1996||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Also assembled Chevrolet trucks, Bedford vans &amp; trucks and Frigidaire appliances. Built the 1 millionth Holden (an EJ) in October 1962, the 2 millionth Holden (an HK) in March 1969, and the 4 millionth Holden (a VC Commodore) in June 1981. Vehicle production by Holden ceased in 1988, vehicle production by Toyota for itself and for Holden lasted from 1989-1994 under a plant lease agreement&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Takahiro Fujimoto |date=October 1998 |url=http://e-server.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cirje/research/dp/98/cf23/dp.pdf |title=Toyota Motor Manufacturing Australia in 1995: An Emergent Global Strategy |publisher=[[w:University of Tokyo|University of Tokyo]] |page=23 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5xJZkwEEX?url=http://e-server.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cirje/research/dp/98/cf23/dp.pdf |archive-date=2011-03-20 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Minor assembly until 1996. Then became known as Holden Service Parts Operations (HSPO) which manages the distribution and marketing of Holden service parts and accessories for the Holden dealer network and international customers.  

|- 

|L,&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; L1, L2, &lt;br&gt; L3-L5||Holden Elizabeth Plant||[[w:Elizabeth, South Australia|Elizabeth, South Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Berlina|Holden Berlina]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Calais|Holden Calais]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Caprice|Holden Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore|Holden Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Ute|Holden Ute]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Statesman|Holden Statesman]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Vauxhall VXR8|Vauxhall VXR8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet SS (2013)|Chevrolet SS]] (2014-2017)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice PPV|Chevrolet Caprice PPV]] (2011-2017)

|1959||2017||[[w:Holden|Holden]] manufacturing plant. Holden Vehicle Manufacturing Operations. Located at 180 Philip Highway. First opened as a body hardware plant making components, then expanded to making complete vehicle bodies in 1962, then expanded to making complete vehicles in 1965. Elizabeth became Holden’s only remaining car manufacturing plant in Australia in 1994. Built the 5 millionth Holden (a VN Calais) in August 1990, the 6 millionth Holden (a VX Commodore SS) in June 2001, and the 7 millionth Holden (a VE Commodore) in August 2008. Total number of vehicles built at all plants in Australia by Holden (including export models) from 1948-2017 is 7,687,675. Production ended October 20, 2017. Final vehicle made at Elizabeth and final Australian-built Holden was a VFII Commodore Redline with a manual transmission.[https://www.carsales.com.au/editorial/details/holdens-manufacturing-closure-by-the-numbers-109466/] Epicurean Food Group bought the site in 2023 and is using it as a farm to grow mushrooms.

Cars produced before its final year before closure included the [[w:Pontiac GTO#Fifth generation|Pontiac GTO]] (2004-2006), [[w:Vauxhall Monaro|Vauxhall Monaro]], [[w:Holden Monaro|Holden Monaro]], [[w:Pontiac G8|Pontiac G8]] (2008-2009), [[w:Holden Gemini#Second generation|Holden Gemini (RB)]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Holden Cruze (JH)]], [[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]], [[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Holden Vectra (JS)]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)|Statesman brand WB]], [[w:Holden WB|Holden WB]] Ute &amp; One-Tonner, [[w:Holden Adventra|Holden Adventra]], [[w:Holden Crewman|Holden Crewman]], [[w:Chevrolet Lumina#Holden-based models|Chevrolet Lumina]], [[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Fifth generation (1999–2006)|Chevrolet Caprice]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]] 5-door, [[w:Chevrolet Omega|Chevrolet Omega]] B &amp; C, [[w:Buick Royaum|Buick Royaum]], [[w:Daewoo Statesman|Daewoo Statesman]], and [[w:Daewoo Veritas|Daewoo Veritas]]. Also, [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries#Toyota Lexcen|Toyota Lexcen]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Holden Fishermans Bend Plant (Port Melbourne)||[[w:Port Melbourne|Port Melbourne]], [[w:Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:GM High Feature engine|Holden Alloytec V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V6 engine#3800 V6|Buick V6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Family II engine|GM Family II I4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden straight-six motor#Starfire|Holden Starfire I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden straight-six motor|Holden straight-six motor]]&lt;br /&gt;Manual transmissions&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Salisbury differential|Holden Banjo/Salisbury differentials]]&lt;br /&gt;Axles&lt;br /&gt;Stampings&lt;br /&gt;Components&lt;br /&gt;Foundry ||1936||2016||Headquarters of GM Holden Ltd. &lt;br /&gt; Holden's Engine Company/Holden Engine Operations.&lt;br /&gt;  

Used to build vehicles as well including the [[w:Holden 48-215|Holden 48-215]] &amp; [[w:Holden FJ|Holden FJ]]. Vehicle assembly ended in 1956 and was moved to Dandenong. &lt;br /&gt; Versions of the Alloytec/High Feature V6 were also supplied to [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab]] &amp; [[w:Alfa Romeo|Alfa Romeo]] from this plant. &lt;br /&gt; 

Sold to the Victorian state Government in 2016.  

|- 

|B||Holden Fortitude Valley Plant||[[w:Fortitude Valley|Fortitude Valley]], [[w:Queensland|Queensland]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden 48-215|Holden 48-215]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FJ|Holden FJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;||1927||1965||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1931 until 1934. Fortitude Valley combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. Replaced by Acacia Ridge plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Holden Marrickville Plant||[[w:Marrickville, New South Wales|Marrickville, New South Wales]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Marquette (automobile)#Buick brand|Marquette]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]||1926||1940||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1931 until 1934. Marrickville combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. Building sold. Replaced by Pagewood plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Holden Melbourne Plant (City Road)||[[w:Melbourne|Melbourne]], [[w:Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]||1926||1936||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Acquired by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Melbourne combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. Building sold. Replaced by Fishermans Bend plant.  

|- 

|P,&lt;br&gt; L6||Holden Mosman Park Plant||[[w:Mosman Park, Western Australia|Mosman Park (formerly Cottesloe Beach)]], [[w:Western Australia|Western Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]&lt;br /&gt;||1926||1972||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1932 until 1935. Also produced military vehicles &amp; equipment during WWII. Before WWII, Mosman Park combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. After WWII, Mosman Park assembled CKD chassis imported from the US, Canada, &amp; the UK and combined them with bodies made in Woodville. Once Holden brand cars started to be made in 1948, body and chassis components came from Woodville &amp; powertrain came from Fishermans Bend and final assembly was done in Mosman Park. Plant was closed down in 1972. Demolished in the early 1990s. 

|- 

|S,&lt;br&gt; H5, H6, H7,&lt;br&gt; H8, H9||Holden Pagewood Plant||[[w:Pagewood, New South Wales|Pagewood, New South Wales]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden 48-215|Holden 48-215]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FJ|Holden FJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HT|Holden HT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HG|Holden HG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Monaro|Holden Monaro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Statesman brand HQ-HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;Body making||1940||1980||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Also produced military equipment during WWII. Before WWII, Pagewood combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. After WWII, Pagewood assembled CKD chassis imported from the US, Canada, &amp; the UK and combined them with bodies made in Woodville. Also made Frigidaire appliances. Built the 3 millionth Holden (an HQ) in June 1974. Vehicle production ended in 1980 while plant closedown operations extended into 1981.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Holden Woodville Plant|Holden Woodville Plant]]||[[w:Woodville, South Australia|Woodville, South Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]]:&lt;br /&gt;Stamping&lt;br /&gt;Body making&lt;br /&gt;Paint shop&lt;br /&gt;Body Hardware&lt;br /&gt;Trim&lt;br /&gt;Tool &amp; Die&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Tri-Matic|Tri-Matic]] automatic transmission||1923||1965||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built before Holden was taken over by GM. Built car bodies for many brands of cars including GM brands (Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Marquette, Buick, LaSalle, Cadillac, GMC, Vauxhall, &amp; Bedford) and non-GM brands (Chrysler, DeSoto, Dodge, Plymouth, Willys, Hudson, Nash, Studebaker, Austin, Morris, Rover, Standard, Fiat, &amp; others). (Holden Motor Body Works.) Also produced military equipment during WWII. Once Holden brand cars started to be made in 1948, body and chassis components were made in Woodville. Also produced replacement parts for discontinued models. Most operations transferred to Elizabeth between 1959 &amp; 1965. Built the Tri-Matic automatic transmission from 1969-1987. Plant sold in 1984. Tri-Matic production area was leased back until production ended. Other companies continued production of spare parts.  

|- 

|V||[[w:IBC Vehicles|IBC Vehicles Ltd.]]/&lt;br&gt;[[w:GMM Luton|GMM Luton]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Company Profile |publisher=Vauxhall |url=http://media.gm.com/gb/vauxhall/en/company/c_company-profile/index.html |access-date=2009-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629105853/http://media.gm.com/gb/vauxhall/en/company/c_company-profile/index.html |archive-date=2009-06-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Luton|Luton]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Bedford CF#CF2|Bedford CF2]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Fargo#Bedford Midi / Vauxhall Midi|Bedford/Vauxhall/GME/Isuzu Midi/&lt;br&gt;Bedford Seta/Vauxhall Albany]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Carry#Bedford Rascal|Bedford/Vauxhall/GME Rascal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Carry#Export models|Suzuki Super Carry]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu MU#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Opel/Vauxhall Frontera A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu MU#Second generation (UER25FW, UES25FW, UES73FW; 1998–2004)|Opel/Vauxhall Frontera B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Frontera#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Holden Frontera (UT)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro]] A (low roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro]] B (low roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Renault Trafic (X83)]] (low roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Nissan Primastar (X83)]] (low roof versions only)||1950 (as AA Block of Luton plant)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1984 (as Bedford Luton Van Plant)||2017|| [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall plant]]. Began as the Bedford van plant when Bedford vans were moved out of the Luton passenger car plant and into a separate, nearby plant (AA Block [body assembly and paint] &amp;&lt;br&gt; K Block [trim and final assembly] of the Luton complex) connected by a bridge so that components for the CF van made in the car plant could be easily transferred to the van plant. Was part of the Bedford Commercial Vehicles Division of the GM Overseas Commercial Vehicles Corp. CF2 production ended in July 1987. Built the Isuzu-designed Midi from December 20, 1984 through May 23, 1996 though the Midi was still available through the 1997 model year. An upscale, 7-psgr. variant of the Midi called the Vauxhall Albany was built for 1991 only. Built the Suzuki-designed Rascal from February 1986 through July 3, 1993. Also built the Rascal's Suzuki counterpart, the Super Carry, for the UK &amp; other European markets. Became a joint venture with [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] called IBC Vehicles Ltd., which was incorporated on January 20, 1987. Production under IBC Vehicles began in October 1987 after the plant was reorganized and staff was retrained. GM owned 60% &amp; Isuzu held 40%. The Bedford brand was discontinued and replaced by the Vauxhall brand on light commercial vehicles as of June 1, 1990. GM bought Isuzu's stake in IBC Vehicles back in Sept. 1998 &amp; the operation was again a subsidiary of GM. It was then renamed GMM (GM Manufacturing) Luton. Began making Vivaro and Trafic midsize commercial vans in 2001, followed by the Primastar in 2002. Frontera SUV ended production at the end of 2003 and GMM Luton focused solely on light commercial vehicles from that point onwards. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. Production ended March 28, 2025. Last vehicle produced was a Vauxhall Vivaro. Site has been sold for redevelopment into an industrial park.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:IDA-Opel|IDA-Opel]]||[[w:Kikinda|Kikinda]], [[w:Socialist Republic of Serbia|Socialist Republic of Serbia]]||[[w:Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]||[[w:Opel Ascona#Ascona C (1981–1988)|Opel Ascona]] C&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa A (S83; 1982)|Opel Corsa]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]] D &amp; E&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kikinda#Senator A (1978–1986)|Opel Kikinda]] (Senator A)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Omega#Omega A (1986–1994)|Opel Omega]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series E|Opel Rekord]] E&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra]] A&lt;br /&gt;Iron castings, brake, and axle components||1977||1992|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel affiliate]]. A joint venture owned 49% by GM &amp; 51% by Kikinda Iron Foundry. IDA = Industrija Delova Automobila or Industry of Automobile Parts. The operation exported iron castings, brake, and axle components to GM/Opel, thus allowing partially built Opels to be imported into Yugoslavia and not be counted as imports. Ended by the wars of the breakup of Yugoslavia and imposition of sanctions on Yugoslavia in 1992. The plant was later restructured as the Livnica Kikinda metal foundry, which was taken over by Slovenia's Cimos in 2004 and manufactures auto parts for various European manufacturers including Opel.   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Indianapolis Metal Center||[[w:Indianapolis|Indianapolis]], [[w:Indiana|Indiana]]||United States||Metal stampings for trucks||1930||2011||Located at 340 S. White River Parkway W. Drive. Stamping plant. Acquired from the former Martin-Parry Corporation in 1930. Became a Chevrolet plant making truck bodies. Became part of GM Truck &amp; Bus Group in 1982 and in early 1992, became part of NATP (North American Truck Platforms) and later transferred to CLCD (Cadillac/Luxury Car Division) before joining the Metal Fabrication Division in 1994. Closed in June 2011. Demolished in 2014-2015. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Columbus, Ohio)||[[w:Columbus, Ohio|Columbus, Ohio]]||United States||Door Panel Assemblies &amp; Small Components||1946||1999||Located at 200 Georgesville Road. Originally opened as a plant for the Ternstedt Division of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication when Ternstedt merged back into Fisher Body in 1969. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2007. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Dayton Plant||[[w:Dayton, Ohio|Dayton]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Engine Mounts&lt;br /&gt;Transmission Mounts&lt;br /&gt;Strut Mounts&lt;br /&gt;Steering Wheels&lt;br /&gt;Liteflex Springs&lt;br /&gt;Brake Linings&lt;br /&gt;Brake Hose&lt;br /&gt;Brake Pads&lt;br /&gt;Ball Joints&lt;br /&gt;Ice Cube Trays ||1921||1999||Located at 2701 Home Avenue (originally Home Road). The first factory building was built in 1910 by the Wright Company and made airplanes and components. The 2nd factory building was built in 1911 &amp; made airplane engines. Aircraft production ceased in 1916. 13 different types of planes had been produced. In Feb. 1917, the plants were sold to the Darling Motor Co. but they went bankrupt shortly thereafter. The Dayton-Wright Company bought the site from Darling Motor on March 22, 1917 and made aircraft parts at the site for its Moraine assembly plant from 1918 to 1919. Dayton-Wright Company was bought by GM in 1919 &amp; it was initially run as a GM subsidiary. In 1923, the aircraft part of the business was sold to Consolidated Aircraft Co. &amp; this site switched from aviation production to automotive production. Inland Manufacturing Division (originally Inland Mfg. Company) of GM was formed on January 6, 1923 at this site, initially to make steering wheels. Merged with Fisher Guide to became Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] in 1999. Delphi closed it in 2008. The 2 original Wright Brothers' buildings were left standing and became part of Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park in 2009 but the rest was demolished around 2014. The Wright Brothers factory buildings were damaged by fire in March 2023.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Detroit - Fort St.)||[[w:Detroit, Michigan|Detroit, Michigan]]||United States||Door hinges and interior parts||1920||1989||Located at 6307 W. Fort St. &amp; Livernois St. Was Ternstedt's headquarters until 1962. Originally opened by Ternstedt Manufacturing Co., which was taken over by Fisher Body Co. in 1920. Became part of GM when GM took over Fisher Body in 1926. Ternstedt became a separate division of GM in 1948 before merging back in to Fisher Body in 1969. Was a plant for the Ternstedt Division (Plant# 16) of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. Is now Evans Distribution Systems.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Elyria, Ohio)||[[w:Elyria, Ohio|Elyria, Ohio]]||United States||Car seats||1947||1990||Located at 1400 Lowell St. Originally opened as a plant for the Ternstedt Division of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication when Ternstedt merged back into Fisher Body in 1969. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Euclid, Ohio)||[[w:Euclid, Ohio|Euclid, Ohio]]||United States||Vehicle Bodies until 1970&lt;br /&gt;Then, trim fabrication, seat covers &amp; backs, upholstery, door panels, sunvisors, &amp; other interior parts.&lt;br /&gt;Also made seats &amp; cushions for Sea Ray Boats||1947||1993||Located at 20001 Euclid Ave. Originally built in 1943. Bought by GM in 1947 from Cleveland Pneumatic Aerol Co., which made rocket shells and aircraft landing gear there during WWII. Was a Fisher Body plant making bodies for Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, &amp; Buick until 1970. Then became a Fisher Trim Fabrication plant. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. Closed in 1993. Site currently in use by an industrial supply store (HGR) and indoor sports facilities (The Sports Plant).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Automotive industry in Flint, Michigan#Coldwater Road Plant|Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Flint - Coldwater Road)]]||[[w:Genesee Township, Michigan|Genesee Township, Michigan]]||United States||Window regulators, door hinges, door modules and seat adjusters||1953||1996||Located at 1245 East Coldwater Road. Originally opened as a plant for the Ternstedt Division of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication when Ternstedt merged back into Fisher Body in 1969. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Sold to Peregrine Inc. in 1996, which continued making window regulators and door hinges and modules. Closed by Peregrine in 1998. A GM subsidiary called REALM bought the property in 1999 and GM used the administration building until 2000. Demolished by 2001. Site now used by Deployment Strategies Group LLC for container storage. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Grand Rapids, Michigan)||[[w:Walker, Michigan|Walker, Michigan]]||United States||Interior trim||1942||1998||Located at 2150 Alpine Avenue NW. Built by Haskelite Manufacturing Corporation to make wooden gliders for use in WWII. Bought by GM in the early 1950's. Built fuselages for [[w:F-84F Thunderstreak|F-84F Thunderstreak]] fighter jets. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Became part of Delphi in 1995. Sold by GM to [[w:Lear Corp.|Lear Corp.]] in 1998. Closed by Lear in 2005. Now called Avastar Park, a multi-tenant industrial site.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Livonia, Michigan)||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia, Michigan]]||United States||Seat Cushions, Seat Pads, Seat Backs, Door Panel Trim||1954||1995||Built on the site of the former Detroit Transmission Division plant that burned down in 1953. Located at 28400 Plymouth Road. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Closed in 1995. Sold to Peregrine Inc. in 1996, which continued making interior trim parts. Peregrine then closed the plant in 1998. Now the Plymouth Road Technical Center, a multi-tenant site for industrial, warehousing, and logistics purposes. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Syracuse)||[[w:Salina, New York|Salina, New York]]||United States||Metal auto parts (die casting, stamping, machining, painting, plating), Plastic trim parts - exterior and interior (injection molding)||1952||1993||Located at One General Motors Drive (address sometimes listed as 1000 Town Line Road). Plastic operations were added in the early 1960's. Metal operations were subsequently reduced and ultimately replaced by the plastic operations by the early 1970's. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. Closed December 1993. Property is now Salina Industrial Powerpark, a multi-tenant industrial park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Tecumseh, Michigan)||[[w:Tecumseh, Michigan|Tecumseh, Michigan]]||United States||Seat Pads &amp; Backs||1966||1988||Located at 5550 Occidental Highway. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984. Now occupied by Uniloy Inc., a plastics company. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Inland Fisher Guide Plant (New Jersey)|Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Trenton)]]||[[w:West Trenton, New Jersey|West Trenton]], [[w:Ewing Township, New Jersey|Ewing Township]], [[w:New Jersey|New Jersey]]||United States||Door handles&lt;br /&gt;Hinges&lt;br /&gt;Door locks&lt;br /&gt;Seat adjusters&lt;br /&gt;Exterior body moldings and painted components||1938||1998||Located at 1445 Parkway Ave. Built 7,546 [[w:TBM Avenger|TBM Avenger]] torpedo bombers during WWII under license from Grumman as part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division. In 1961, the facility became the first commercial user in the United States to use a programmable industrial robot to replace human workers. Brief article about the plant's closing and displaced workers. 1993 Plant closing date was later delayed until Summer of 1998 : [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CEEDB1E3EF937A35751C1A964958260] Originally part of the [[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Ternstedt Division|Ternstedt Division]] of Fisher Body, then the Ternstedt Division of GM in 1948 before Ternstedt merged back in to Fisher Body in 1969. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Closed in 1998. Plant was subsequently demolished. Site redeveloped into Ewing Town Center, a mixed retail and residential complex. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Vandalia, Ohio)||[[w:Vandalia, Ohio|Vandalia, Ohio]]||United States||Door Panel Assemblies&lt;br /&gt;Seat Pads&lt;br /&gt;Instrument Panels||1941||1999||Located at 250 Northwoods Boulevard. Originally a GM Aeroproducts division facility making aircraft propellers, Aeroproducts division became part of GM's Allison division in 1952, site was absorbed by GM's Inland division in 1961 after propeller production moved to Allison's Indianapolis operation in 1960, merged into Inland Fisher Guide division in 1991, became part of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary in 1995 and transferred to Delphi Chassis Division. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Transferred to Delphi Thermal Division in 2007. Sold in 2015 to [[w:Mahle GmbH|Mahle GmbH]]. Mahle transferred operations to its Behr plant in Dayton and closed the Vandalia plant by 2016. Mahle sold the property in 2017.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors International A/S||[[w:Copenhagen|Copenhagen]]||[[w:Denmark|Denmark]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]||1924||1974||GM's 1st European assembly plant &amp; 1st assembly plant outside North America. First vehicle off the line was a Chevrolet utility truck on January 7, 1924. Pontiac assembly began July 24, 1926. Oakland, Oldsmobile, &amp; Buick assembly began in 1929. In the 1960's, the Chevy Chevelle &amp; Buick Skylark were assembled along with most Opel &amp; Vauxhall models. Station wagon-based vans were assembled as was the Opel 1500, based on the 1200. Production ended in Oct. 1974. Over 550,000 units had been produced.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|Ipiranga]]||[[w:Ipiranga (district of São Paulo)|Ipiranga]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo (state)]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]||1925||1930||GM's 1st Brazilian assembly plant. Replaced by Sao Caetano do Sul plant.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pars Khodro|General Motors Iran]]||[[w:Tehran|Tehran]]||[[w:Imperial State of Iran|Imperial State of Iran]]||[[w:Opel Commodore#Foreign assembly|Chevrolet Iran 2500/2800/Royale]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Chevrolet Iran (Nova)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark#Buick Skylarks in Iran|Buick Iran (Skylark)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Seville#First generation (1976–1979)|Cadillac Iran (Seville)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|Chevrolet C/K pickup]] ||1974||1987||When the Shah ruled Iran, GM established a joint venture in Iran called GM Iran. GM held 45% while Pars Khodro held the other 55%. Production began on January 15, 1974 of the Opel Commodore-based Chevrolet Iran 2500/2800/Royale. By 1977, this was replaced by the American Chevrolet Nova, Buick Skylark, &amp; Cadillac Seville. Chevy pickups followed. Once the Shah was overthrown in the 1979 Revolution and Iran was taken over by fanatics, GM abandoned the factory &amp; Iran. The company became Pars Khodro and the local management changed. Production of GM models continued sporadically until 1987 when it finally ended. 

|- 

|J (1953-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;21 (1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Janesville Assembly Plant|Janesville Assembly Plant]]||[[w:Janesville, Wisconsin|Janesville, Wisconsin]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1992-1994)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (1995-2009) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1947-1966, 1992-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tiltmaster|Chevrolet Tiltmaster/W-Series (Gas-powered)]] (1994-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Forward|GMC Forward/W-Series (Gas-powered)]] (1994-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series (Gas-powered)]] (1994-2009)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe|GMC Yukon]] (1992-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000)|GMC Yukon Denali (GMT800)]] (2001-2006)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon Denali (GMT900)]] (2007-2009) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1992-1999)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Yukon XL|GMC Yukon XL]] (2000-2009) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Ninth generation (2000)|GMC Yukon XL Denali (GMT800)]] (2001-2006) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|GMC Yukon XL Denali (GMT900)]] (2007-2009)||1919||2009||Located at 1000 General Motors Dr. Was the oldest active GM assembly plant at time of its closure in 2009; largest under one roof in the U.S. 

Originally built [[w:Samson Tractor|Samson tractors]] from 1919-1922. Also made [[w:Samson Tractor#Trucks and a car|Samson trucks]] from 1920-1922. On October 1, 1922, the Janesville plant was transferred to Chevrolet. Started producing Chevrolets on Feb. 14, 1923. Shortly thereafter, a neighboring Fisher Body plant was added. Plant closed from September 1932 - late 1933. During World War II, both the Chevy &amp; Fisher Body sides of the plant were controlled by Oldsmobile and made artillery shells. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Janesville Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. On April 21, 1967, the 100 millionth GM vehicle built in the US, a blue, two-door Chevrolet Caprice, was produced at the Janesville plant. Full-size cars ended production in 1982 and were replaced by the compact J-cars like the Cavalier. Last passenger car built was the 1991 Chevy Cavalier. Only SUVs and trucks were subsequently built. SUV production ended Dec. 23, 2008. Last vehicle produced was a black 2009 Chevy Tahoe. Medium-duty truck production ended on April 23, 2009, marking the end of vehicle production at Janesville. Officially, the plant was placed on &quot;standby&quot; status but production never restarted and the 2015 GM-UAW contract allowed Janesville to be closed permanently. Demolished from 2018-2019.&lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]], [[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]], [[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]], [[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]], [[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]], [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]], [[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]], [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]], [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1982), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1982-1991), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1982), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Buick Skyhawk#Second generation (1982–1989)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1988-1989), [[w:Cadillac Cimarron|Cadillac Cimarron]] (1982-1988), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|Chevrolet R/V]] (1987-1989), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K crew cab (GMT400)]] (1992-1994), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|Chevrolet C3500HD]] (1991-1998), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Second generation (1990–2002)|Chevrolet Kodiak (GMT530)]] (1990-2002), [[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series#Third generation (1993–2003)|Chevrolet B-series]] (1993-02), [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet T-Series]] (1997-2002), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|GMC R/V]] (1987-1989), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra crew cab (GMT400)]] (1992-1994), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|GMC Sierra C3500HD]] (1991-1998), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Second generation (1990–2002)|GMC TopKick (GMT530)]] (1990-02), [[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series#Third generation (1993–2003)|GMC B-series]] (1993-2002), [[w:GMC T-Series|GMC T-Series]] (1997-2002), [[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] (1997-2002)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Kalamazoo Metal Center||[[w:Kalamazoo, Michigan|Kalamazoo, Michigan]]||United States||Stamped Body panels ||1965||1999|| Located at 5200 East Cork Street. Metal stamping plant. Started out as a Fisher Body plant. Now Midlink Business Park. 

|- 

|K||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]]||[[w:Gunsan|Kunsan]], [[w:Jeolla Province|Jeolla]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Cruze#Australia|Holden Cruze (JG sedan/JH wagon)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Seventh generation (BK, BL; 2016)|Holden Astra Sedan (BL)]] (4-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Family Z engine|Family Z diesel engine]]||1997||2018||Past models: [[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Daewoo Lacetti]], [[w:Daewoo Nubira|Daewoo Nubira]], [[w:Daewoo Tacuma|Daewoo Tacuma]], [[w:Chevrolet Optra|Chevrolet Optra]], [[w:Chevrolet Vivant|Chevrolet Vivant]], [[w:Holden Viva|Holden Viva (JF)]], [[w:Suzuki Forenza|Suzuki Forenza]], [[w:Suzuki Reno|Suzuki Reno]] 

This factory also produced Chevrolet vehicles for [[w:General Motors Europe|General Motors Europe]] and [[w:Chevrolet Europe|Chevrolet Europe]]. The factory permanently closed on May 31, 2018, due to low productivity caused by GM's withdrawal from Europe in 2017 and due to GM's restructuring of its GM Korea operations. Sold to Myoung Shin Co., Ltd. in 2018. Diesel engines were produced at an adjacent facility beginning in 2006.  

|- 

|A&lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-1990)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;8 &lt;br /&gt;(1929-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Lakewood Assembly|Lakewood Assembly]]||[[w:Lakewood Heights, Atlanta|Lakewood Heights, Georgia]]||United States ||[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966, 1987-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Safari|Pontiac Safari wagon]] (1987-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick LeSabre Estate wagon]] (1987-1989)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick Electra Estate wagon]] (1987-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick Estate wagon]] (1990)||1928||1990||Located at McDonough Boulevard and Sawtell Avenue. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Lakewood Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Idled from September 1982 to early 1984. Production ended with Chevrolet Caprice Classic &amp; Buick Estate Wagon. Last vehicle produced was a gray Chevy Caprice on &lt;br&gt; August 6, 1990.&lt;br /&gt; Past models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1966), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1957, 1965-1966).  Also built the &lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Chevette|Chevrolet Chevette]] (1981-1982, 1984-1987) &amp; [[w:Pontiac 1000|Pontiac 1000]] (1981-1982, 1984-1987),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Acadian|Pontiac Acadian]] (Canada only).&lt;br&gt;  GM G-body: [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Third generation (1969–1972)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1970-1972). GM A-body: [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1970), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#Second generation (1964–1967)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1965), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1973-1979), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1969, 1971-1973), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1971-1977).&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1948-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-80), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1980).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Lansing Car Assembly|Lansing Car Assembly - Body]]||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||Automotive bodies||1920||2005||Located at 401 N. Verlinden St. Opened as a [[w:Durant Motors|Durant Motors]] plant in 1920. Durant Motors went out of business in 1931 and the plant was vacant until GM bought it in 1935. Known as GM's Lansing Plant 6. The plant reopened as a Fisher Body plant replacing the Fisher Body operation within the main Oldsmobile plant (Lansing Plant 1) that operated out of space leased from Oldsmobile since 1923. It supplied bodies to the main Oldsmobile plant (Lansing Plant 1 or Lansing Car Assembly - Chassis). Together with the chassis plant, they made up Lansing Car Assembly. Demolished in 2008-2009.  

|- 

|M (1949-1984 [All], 1985-2005 [North Line])||[[w:Lansing Car Assembly|Lansing Car Assembly - Chassis (North)]]||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||,&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier#Third generation (1995)|Chevrolet Cavalier coupe]] (1995-1998),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (2001-2003),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Classic]] (2004-2005),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Grand Am|Pontiac Grand Am]] (1992-2005),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Calais|Oldsmobile Calais]] (1985-1987),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais|Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais]] (1988-1991),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Achieva|Oldsmobile Achieva]] (1992-1998),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Skylark#Sixth generation (1985–1991)|Buick Somerset Regal/Somerset/Skylark]] (1985-1991)||1902||2005|| &quot;M&quot; - North assembly line. Part of GM's Lansing Plant 1. Located around 1014 Townsend St., next to the former Oldsmobile headquarters at 920 Townsend St. This was Oldsmobile's home plant. It predated the founding of GM in 1908. Fisher Body leased space here to build bodies for Oldsmobile beginning in 1923, when Fisher started making bodies for 1924 Oldsmobiles. In 1935, Fisher Body moved to the ex-Durant Motors plant on Verlinden St. that GM bought earlier that year. Oldsmobile then took back the space that Fisher Body had been using (Bldg. 26). Lansing Car Assembly was converted to build unibody, fwd, compact cars for 1985 for multiple GM brands instead of the previous body-on-frame, rwd midsize &amp; full-size cars exclusively for Oldsmobile. Demolished in 2007.  

Past models: [[w:Oldsmobile F-Series|Oldsmobile F-Series]] (1928-1938), [[w:Oldsmobile L-Series|Oldsmobile L-Series]] (1932-1938), [[w:Oldsmobile Series 60|Oldsmobile Series 60]] (1939-1948), [[w:Oldsmobile Series 70|Oldsmobile Series 70]] (1939-1950), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1984), Oldsmobile 80 (1939), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#First generation (1941)|Oldsmobile 90]] (1940), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#First generation (1941)|Oldsmobile 96]] (1941), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1941-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#1953|Oldsmobile 98 Fiesta]] convertible (1953),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#First generation (1971–1976)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1971-1976), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1961-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1966-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1964-80), [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Oldsmobile Toronado|Oldsmobile Toronado]] (1966-1978), [[w:Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser|Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser]] (1964-1977), [[w:Viking (automobile)|Viking]] (1929-1931)&lt;br /&gt;Oldsmobile engines:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile straight-6 engine|Oldsmobile straight-6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile straight-8 engine|Oldsmobile straight-8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile V8 engine|Oldsmobile Rocket V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile V8 engine#Aluminum 215|Oldsmobile Rockette V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Diesel engine|Oldsmobile Diesel V8]]

|- 

|C (1985-2004 [South Line])||[[w:Lansing Car Assembly|Lansing Car Assembly - Chassis (South)]]||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Pontiac Grand Am|Pontiac Grand Am]] (1985-2004),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Calais|Oldsmobile Calais]] (1985-1986),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Alero|Oldsmobile Alero]] (1999-2004),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Alero|Chevrolet Alero]] (Export only: 1999-2001),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Skylark#Seventh generation (1992–1998)|Buick Skylark]] (1992-1998)||1902||2004||&quot;C&quot; - South assembly line. Only started using a separate plant code from the North plant beginning with the 1985 N-body cars. Part of GM's Lansing Plant 1. Located around 1014 Townsend St., next to the former Oldsmobile headquarters at 920 Townsend St. Demolished in 2007.  

|- 

|B&lt;br /&gt;(0 for EV1)||[[w:Lansing Craft Centre|Lansing Craft Centre]]||[[w:Lansing Township, Michigan|Lansing Township, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet SSR|Chevrolet SSR]] (2003–2006)||1987||2006||Located at 2801 West Saginaw Street, across the street from the Lansing Metal Center. Originally built by Ryan-Bohn Foundry and opened in 1920. Owned by Driggs Aircraft Company from 1927-1930. Owned by R.E. Olds from 1930-1940 but not used. Bought by GM's Oldsmobile Division in 1940. Became GM's Lansing Plant 2. Also known as Olds Forge. Built artillery shells during WWII. Oldsmobile used this plant as a forge (through 1983) and for making axles and differentials (through 1984). Became known as the Oldsmobile Differential Plant and Foundry. Converted into a full vehicle assembly plant including stamping, body shop and general assembly areas. First opened as a vehicle assembly plant known as the Reatta Craft Centre in 1988 though pilot production began in December 1986. After Buick Reatta production ended in 1991, plant was renamed Lansing Craft Centre. Used by the Genasys joint venture with [[w:American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to complete production of the Chevy Cavalier and Pontiac Sunfire convertibles. Cavalier and Sunfire convertible production ends during 1999. Cadillac Eldorado production moved here from Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly during 2000. Eldorado production ended April 22, 2002. Plant was then converted to truck production for the Chevy SSR. First saleable production SSR completed on July 29, 2003. Final SSR built March 17, 2006. Closed in 2006. Demolished in 2008-2009. 

Past models: [[w:Buick Reatta|Buick Reatta]] (1988–1991), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier#Third generation (1995)|Chevrolet Cavalier convertible]] (1995–2000), [[w:Pontiac Sunfire|Pontiac Sunfire]] convertible (1995–2000), [[w:General Motors EV1|General Motors EV1]] (1997, 1999), [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#Twelfth generation (1992–2002)|Cadillac Eldorado]] (2000-2002)

|- 

|||[[w:Lansing Engine Plant|Lansing Engine]]||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Oldsmobile Diesel engine|Oldsmobile Diesel V6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Quad 4 engine|Quad 4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Ecotec engine|GM Ecotec engine]] (2002 only)||1981||2002||Located at 2901 S. Canal Road. Known as GM's Lansing Plant 5. Also known as Delta Engine. Built to produce experimental diesel engine; part of Ryder Logistics since 2005.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Lansing Metal Center|Lansing Metal Center]]||[[w:Lansing Township, Michigan|Lansing Township, Michigan]]||United States|| Stamping and electroplating bumpers; general machining of crankshafts and connecting rods; and machining, welding, and stamping of other automobile parts||1952||2006|| Located at 2800 W. Saginaw Street, across the street from the Lansing Craft Centre. Known as GM's Lansing Plant 3. Also known as the Olds Jet plant. Originally built to manufacture turbine blades for Buick-built J65 axial flow jet engines. Metal fabricating plant. Electroplating operation ended in May 1987. Closed in March 2006. Demolished in 2008-2010.  

|- 

|K &lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-1988)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5 (1929-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;M (1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;8 (1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]]) ||[[w:Leeds Assembly|Leeds Assembly]]||[[w:Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City, Missouri]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1984-1987),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Firenza|Oldsmobile Firenza]] (1982-1988),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Skyhawk#Second generation (1982–1989)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1982-1988)&lt;br&gt;[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#Second generation (1982–1994)|Pontiac J2000]] (1982)||1929||1988||Located at 6817 Stadium Drive. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Leeds Assembly began making Pontiac and Buick passenger cars for 1964. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Leeds Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Retooled to build fwd J-cars for 1982. Closed April 15, 1988. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Apollo|Buick Apollo]] (1974), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1965-1968, 1970), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1980-1981), [[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1964-1970, 1975-76), [[w:Buick Special#1964–1967|Buick Special]] (1964-1967), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1961), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1974, 1977), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1964-1974, 1978-80), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1971-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-63, 1974-1977),[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952, 1956, 1959, 1961-1962), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1971-1974), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1980), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1968), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1964-1968), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1964-1965)

|- 

|K ('94-'05)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;E ('65-'91)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;L (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] &amp; [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 3 (Pre-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]]) ||[[w:Linden Assembly|Linden Assembly]]||[[w:Linden, New Jersey|Linden, New Jersey]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (1995-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|GMC Jimmy]] (1995-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|Chevrolet S-10]] (1994-2004)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|GMC Sonoma]] (1994-2004)||1937||2005||Located at 1016 W. Edgar Road. Linden Assembly was the 2nd GM multi-brand assembly plant (the 1st was Southgate, CA), assembling Buick, Oldsmobile, and Pontiac models. It was operated by GM's Linden Division through January 1942. During WWII, GM built 5,837 [[w:FM-1 Wildcat|FM-1 Wildcat]] and [[w:FM-2 Wildcat|FM-2 Wildcat]] fighter planes at Linden under license from Grumman as part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division. After the war ended, in 1945, Linden &amp; Southgate were both placed in a new division called the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. In 1971, Linden Assembly became the first plant outside Cadillac's home plant in Detroit to assemble Cadillacs when it began to assemble C-body Cadillacs like the DeVille &amp; Calais. In 1979, Linden became the sole source for all three of GM's E-body personal luxury coupes, the Oldsmobile Toronado, Buick Riviera, and Cadillac Eldorado. The closely related K-body Cadillac Seville was added in 1980. In the mid-1980s, the factory was retooled to produce the new L-body Chevy Beretta &amp; Corsica, which began production in 1987. This was the first time Linden built a Chevrolet model. Linden was idled in September 1991 for conversion to truck and SUV production. It reopened in 1993 to produce the 1994 S-10 and Sonoma pickups, adding the Blazer and Jimmy SUVs for 1995. Closed April 2005. Last vehicle built was a white 2005 four-door Chevy Blazer on April 20, 2005. Demolished in 2008. Now Legacy Square, a complex of retail stores, and Legacy Commerce Center, an industrial space at the back of the property along Linden Ave.&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Corsica|Chevrolet Corsica]] (1987-1991), [[w:Chevrolet Beretta|Chevrolet Beretta]] (1987-1991), [[w:Buick Riviera#Sixth generation (1979–1985)|Buick Riviera]] (1979-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile Toronado#Third generation (1979–1985)|Oldsmobile Toronado]] (1979-1985), [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#Tenth generation (1979–1985)|Cadillac Eldorado]] (1979-1985), [[w:Cadillac Seville#Second generation (1980–1985)|Cadillac Seville]] (1980-85), [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1939, 1955-1957), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963, 1971-1978), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1948-1949, 1953-1957), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1952-1957), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1955-1957), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963), [[w:Cadillac Calais|Cadillac Calais]] (1971-1976), [[w:Cadillac DeVille|Cadillac DeVille]] (1971-1978), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1976), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1941-1963, 1971-1978), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1968-1970), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1968-1970), [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-1970, 1972-1973), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1970), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1949, 1953, 1955, 1958), [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-1970), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1968), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1962, 1965-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-61) 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Livonia Engine|Livonia Engine]]||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac High Technology engine|Cadillac High Technology engine]] (4.1/4.5/4.9L OHV V8)&lt;br&gt;[[w:GM Premium V engine|Premium V engine]] (4.6L Northstar V8, 4.0L Aurora V8, 3.5L Shortstar V6)||1971||2010|| Located at 12200 Middlebelt Road. Originally built as a parts supplier to Cadillac. Converted into an engine plant for the HT-series V8 that debuted for 1982. Now a multi-tenant commercial space including [[w:Penske Corporation|Penske Logistics]] and [[w:KUKA|KUKA]]. The [[w:KUKA|KUKA]] facility appears to be the one building the initial batch of [[w:BrightDrop Zevo 600|BrightDrop Zevo 600]] electric vans for GM prior to production moving to GM's [[w:CAMI Automotive|CAMI Automotive]] plant.  

|- 

||7 (1979-2019)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; U&amp;nbsp;(1966-1978)||[[w:Lordstown Assembly|Lordstown Assembly]]||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Cruze#Second generation (J400)|Chevrolet Cruze (2016-2019)]]||1966||2019 

|GM bought the property in 1955 and announced plans for the new Chevrolet plant in 1956 but construction didn't begin until 1964. Production began on April 28, 1966. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Lordstown Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971. &lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze (2011-2015)/ Cruze Limited (2016)]], [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt|Chevrolet Cobalt]] (2005-2010)/[[w:Pontiac G5|Pontiac G5]] (2007-2009, Canada: 2007-2010), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1982-2005)/[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#Second generation (1982–1994)|Pontiac J2000/2000/2000 Sunbird/Sunbird]] (1982-1994)/ [[w:Pontiac Sunfire|Pontiac Sunfire]] (1995-2004), [[w:Chevrolet Vega|Chevrolet Vega]] (1971–1977)/[[w:Pontiac Astre|Pontiac Astre]] (1975-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]] (1978-1980)/[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#First generation (1976–1980)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1978-1980)/[[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#Second generation (1975–1980)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1978-1980)/ [[w:Buick Skyhawk#First generation (1975–1980)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1978-1980), [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|Chevrolet Van/Sportvan]] (1971-1992), [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|GMC Vandura/ Rally Van]] (1971-1992), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1966-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1966-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1966-1970), [[w:Pontiac Firebird#First generation (1967–1969)|Pontiac Firebird]] (1967-1969), [[w:Pontiac Pursuit|Pontiac Pursuit/G5 Pursuit]] (Canada: 2005-2006), [[w:Toyota Cavalier|Toyota Cavalier]] (1996-2000).  

Located at 2300 Hallock-Young Road. Main assembly plant is the East part of the complex on Hallock-Young Road. Stamping plant added in 1970. Paint shop added in 2004. Stamping plant and paint shop are part of the West part of the complex on Ellsworth-Bailey Road. &lt;br /&gt; Closed on March 6, 2019. Sold to [[w:Lordstown Motors|Lordstown Motors]] in 2019. Lordstown Motors sold the plant to [[w:Foxconn|Foxconn]] in 2022 and Foxconn will do contract assembly for Lordstown Motors and others.  

|- 

|1 (Lotus Omega &amp;&lt;br /&gt;Lotus Carlton)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;H (Lotus models)||[[w:Lotus Cars|Lotus Cars]]||[[w:RAF Hethel|RAF Hethel]], [[w: Hethel|Hethel]], [[w:Norfolk|Norfolk]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||

[[w:Opel Lotus Omega|Opel Lotus Omega]] A / [[w:Vauxhall Lotus Carlton|Vauxhall Lotus Carlton]]&lt;br /&gt; 1990-1992, 950 units 

 
[[w:Lotus Esprit|Lotus Esprit]], [[w:Lotus Excel|Lotus Excel]], [[w:Lotus Elan#Elan (M100)|Lotus Elan]]

||1986||1993||GM owned Lotus from 1986-1993. GM sold Lotus in 1993 to A.C.B.N. Holdings S.A. of Luxembourg, a company controlled by Italian businessman Romano Artioli, who also owned Bugatti Automobili SpA. Artioli sold Lotus to Malaysian automaker [[w:Proton Holdings|Proton]] in 1996. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Mansfield Metal Center||[[w:Ontario, Ohio|Ontario, Ohio]]||United States||Metal stamping||1955||2010||Located at 2525 W. 4th St. Mostly demolished. Redeveloped into Ontario Commerce Park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Massena Castings Plant|Massena Castings Plant]]||[[w:Rooseveltown, New York|Rooseveltown, New York]]||United States|| Aluminum engine blocks &amp; cylinder heads for [[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Air 6 engine|Corvair engine]], Aluminum engine blocks for [[w:Chevrolet 2300 engine|Vega engine]], &amp; aluminum cylinder heads &amp; blocks for other engines.&lt;br /&gt; Also clutch housings, transmission cases, pistons, aluminum intake manifolds||1959||2009||Located at 56 Chevrolet Rd, Rooseveltown, NY 13662 &lt;br /&gt; Originally a Chevrolet facility. In 1978, became part of GM's Central Foundry Division. In 1991, Central Foundry became part of GM Powertrain. &lt;br /&gt;Production ended April 23, 2009. Demolished in 2011.

|- 

|M||Mexico City Assembly||[[w:Mexico City|Mexico City]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks &amp; vans||1937||1995&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Thomas H. Klier, James Rubenstein|title=Mexico’s Growing Role in the Auto Industry Under NAFTA: Who Makes What and What Goes Where|url=https://www.chicagofed.org/publications/economic-perspectives/2017/6.|publisher=Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Economic Perspectives, Vol. 41, No. 6|at=see table 11 and footnotes right under table 11|date=September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] including: Caprice, Chevelle, Corvair, Impala, Malibu, Nova, Malibu Rallye (Nova-based), trucks&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Buick|Buick]], [[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Olympia|Opel Olympia]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord/MX-1/&lt;br&gt;Olimpico/Fiera]] &lt;br /&gt; Located at 843 Avenida Ejército Nacional (formerly Calzada de Los Morales) although the old headquarters building was demolished in 2018. The current headquarters is in the GM Tower at the other end of the property on Blvd. Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. Started with trucks then added passenger cars in the early 1940s. Switched from assembly to manufacturing in 1965. Production ended in 1995 and most of the property was sold but GM de Mexico still has its corporate headquarters at this location. Most of the location is now Plaza Antara, an open-air shopping center. 

|- 

|2||[[w:Moraine Assembly|Moraine Assembly]]||[[w:Moraine, Ohio|Moraine, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet S-10#First generation (1982)|Chevrolet S-10]] (1982-1992)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]] 4-door (1991-1994)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995–2005)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (1995-2001)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC S-15#First generation (1982)|GMC S-15]] (1982-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sonoma#First generation (1982)|GMC Sonoma]] (1991-1992)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC S-15 Jimmy#First generation (1983–1994)|GMC S-15 Jimmy/Jimmy]] 4-door (1991-1994)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC S-15 Jimmy#Second generation (1995–2005)|GMC Jimmy]] (1995-2001)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet TrailBlazer#First generation (KC; 2001)|Chevrolet TrailBlazer]] (2002-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Envoy#Second generation (2002–2009)|GMC Envoy]] (2002-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Ascender|Isuzu Ascender]] (2003-2008)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Bravada|Oldsmobile Bravada]] (1991-1994, 1996-2004)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Rainier|Buick Rainier]] (2004-2007) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9-7X|Saab 9-7X]] (2005-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Grumman LLV|Grumman LLV]] chassis (1987-1994)||1951&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1981 (Vehicle production)||2008|| Located at 2601 West Stroop Road. Began in 1951 as part of the [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] Division of General Motors Corporation producing household appliances. [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] production ended in 1979 when GM sold [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] to [[w:White Consolidated Industries|White Consolidated Industries]] but kept the Moraine plant and converted it to build vehicles. Vehicle production began in 1981. Was part of GM's Truck &amp; Bus Group. Closed on December 23, 2008. Sold to [[w:Fuyao Group#Fuyao Glass America Inc.|Fuyao Group]] in 2014; began production of automotive glass for GM and other automakers in 2016.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Moraine Engine||[[w:Moraine, Ohio|Moraine, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Detroit Diesel V8 engine|Detroit Diesel V8 engine]] 6.2L/6.5L||1981||2000||Located at 4100 Springboro Pike. Also began as a [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] plant. Replaced by the nearby DMAX Ltd. engine plant (originally a joint venture with Isuzu) which builds the replacement engine ([[w:Duramax V8 engine|Duramax V8 engine]]). Demolished by 2003. Production of the 6.5-liter diesel V8 moved to a new AM General plant in Franklin, OH known as General Engine Products. AM General makes the engine for its own use and for GM service parts, &amp; 3rd party customers. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Muncie Transmission||[[w:Muncie, Indiana|Muncie, Indiana]]||United States||Transmissions including: [[w:Getrag 282 transmission|Getrag 282/NVG T550]], Getrag 284, Muncie M17, Muncie M20/M21/M22, Muncie M62/M64, [[w:Muncie SM420 transmission|Muncie SM420 transmission]], [[w:Muncie SM465 transmission|Muncie SM465 transmission]], [[w:New Venture Gear 3500 transmission|NV3500/NV3550]], [[w:New Venture Gear 4500 transmission|NV4500]]&lt;br /&gt;Valves, Steering gears&lt;br /&gt;Forge||1919||2006||Located at 1200 W. Eighth St. Originally founded as Warner Gear Company in 1902. Bought by GM in 1919. Became Muncie Products Division. Closed in 1932. Reopened by Chevrolet in 1935 (Chevrolet Muncie). Moved to Detroit Diesel Allison Division in 1984 &amp; then to Hydramatic Division in 1986. Became part of [[w:New Venture Gear|New Venture Gear]] joint venture with Chrysler in 1990. GM owned 36% while [[w:Chrysler|Chrysler]] owned 64%. GM sold its stake to [[w:DaimlerChrysler|DaimlerChrysler]] in 2002 but took back the Muncie plant. Became Manual Transmissions of Muncie. The plant closed in 2006. Demolished in 2008-09.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Near East||[[w:Alexandria|Alexandria]]|| [[w:Egypt|Egypt]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars and trucks &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]||1936||1958||Began CKD assembly of trucks in 1936 followed by cars in 1938. In 1951, GM Near East became the Alexandria Branch of GM Middle East. Plant was liquidated in 1958.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors New Zealand|General Motors New Zealand]]||[[w:Petone|Petone]]||[[w:New Zealand|New Zealand]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] including [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]], [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]], [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]], [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]], [[w:Chevrolet Thriftmaster|Chevrolet Thriftmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] including [[w:Pontiac Laurentian|Pontiac Laurentian]], [[w:Pontiac Parisienne#New Zealand|Pontiac Parisienne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett I (1936–1940)|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] including [[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]] (E, PA, PC), [[w:Vauxhall Wyvern|Vauxhall Wyvern]], [[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]], [[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]], [[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] including [[w:Bedford CF|Bedford CF]], [[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]] including [[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]], [[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]], [[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]], [[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]], [[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]||1926||1984||Also made [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] refrigerators, freezers, washers, and dryers (Frigidaire was owned by GM from 1919 to 1979). &lt;br /&gt;  

Axle tube assemblies, oil filters, and spark plugs.  

|- 

|Z1-Z9 [https://forums.justcommodores.com.au/threads/commodore-vin-decoder-vb-to-zb.279978/]||[[w:General Motors New Zealand|General Motors New Zealand]]||[[w:Trentham, New Zealand|Trentham]]||[[w:New Zealand|New Zealand]]||[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] including [[w:Vauxhall Chevette|Vauxhall Chevette]], [[w:Vauxhall Cresta#Cresta PC|Vauxhall Cresta]], [[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]] including [[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HQ|Holden Statesman HQ]], [[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HJ|Holden Statesman HJ]], [[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HX|Holden Statesman HX]], [[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HZ|Holden Statesman HZ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#WB|Holden Statesman WB]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VH)|Holden Commodore (VH)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VK)|Holden Commodore (VK)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VL)|Holden Commodore (VL)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VN)|Holden Commodore (VN)]], [[w:Holden Royale|Holden Commodore Royale (VH/VK/VL)]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Holden Rodeo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Gemini#In other markets|Isuzu Gemini/Holden Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#First generation (MB, ML; 1985–1988)|Holden Barina]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#First generation (1983)|Suzuki Swift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daihatsu Charade#First generation (G10, G20; 1977–1983)|Daihatsu Charade (under contract for Daihatsu)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Datsun Truck#Nissan D21|Nissan Navara pickup (under contract for Nissan)]]||1967||1990|| 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Nordiska AB||Södra Hammarbyhamnen, [[w:Stockholm|Stockholm]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] trucks||1928||1957|| Converted into a warehouse in 1957. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Northway Motor Plant||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Northway engines||1905||Burned down 1987||Located at 4584 Maybury Grand Ave. (Jeffries Expressway Service Drive) and W. Hancock St. Around 4646 Lawton St. (rear side) is the remnants of a water tower and railroad spur. Northway Motor and Manufacturing Company was acquired by GM in 1909, becoming Northway Motor and Manufacturing Division. Northway had made engines for both GM brands (in particular [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]], [[w:Scripps-Booth|Scripps-Booth]], [[w:Samson Tractor|Samson Tractor]], and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]) and other automakers. Became part of GM Intercompany Parts Group. In 1920, Northway moved to a new plant on Holbrook Ave. in Detroit. This address was subsequently been used by [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] in the 1920's and 1930's and then by Refrigeration Service Inc. in the 1950's. At some point, the building was sold to Motor City Wiping Cloth Co. but they abandoned the property in 1983, leaving behind massive bales of rags and cloths. The building burned down in a horrific fire in 1987 after homeless people in the building were burning fires there to keep warm. The fire killed three firefighters and injured ten others. The fire even spread to the nearby Continental Paper warehouse. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Northway Motor Plant/General Motors Truck Co. Plant No. 7/ &lt;br&gt;Chevrolet Gear and Axle Div.||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Northway engines, Axles, parts for past model Chevrolets||1920||1994||Located at 1806 Holbrook Ave. Northway Motor and Manufacturing Company was acquired by GM in 1909, becoming Northway Motor and Manufacturing Division. Northway had made engines for both GM brands (in particular [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]], [[w:Scripps-Booth|Scripps-Booth]], [[w:Samson Tractor|Samson Tractor]], and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]) and other automakers. Became part of GM Central Products Division. In 1920, Northway moved here from their original plant on Maybury Grand Ave. and primarily supplied engines to GMC. In 1925, became part of Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company as part of the merger of Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company and General Motors Truck Corp., the manufacturer of GMC trucks. In 1926, Northway Motor Division was liquidated and its Detroit plant was sold to Chevrolet on March 31 to become the Chevrolet Gear and Axle Div.  Part of the engine tooling machinery was transferred to the Yellow Sleeve-Valve Engine Works at East Moline, IL. Some Northway engines were still used by some GMC trucks (K-series) through 1930. Was part of the Detroit complex sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] in 1994. Now part of American Axle's Advanced Technology Development Center.  

|- 

|N&lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]) and 1965-1987&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;9 &lt;br /&gt;(1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Norwood Assembly|Norwood Assembly]]||[[w:Norwood, Ohio|Norwood, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1961)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1961)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro]] (1967-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt; (1958-1961, 1965-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]]&lt;br&gt; (1962-1966, 1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firebird|Pontiac Firebird]] (1969-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Apollo|Buick Apollo]] (1973)||1923||1987||Located at 5025 Carthage Ave. First vehicle produced was a Chevrolet Superior on August 13, 1923. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Norwood Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971.  Closed August 26, 1987. Last vehicle produced was a Chevy Camaro IROC-Z. Demolished. Now Linden Pointe on the Lateral, a mixed use retail and office space. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952)

|- 

|Z||[[w:NUMMI|NUMMI]]||[[w:Fremont, California|Fremont, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova#Fifth generation (1985–1988)|Chevrolet Nova]] (1985-1988)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Prizm|Geo Prizm]] (1989-1997)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Prizm|Chevrolet Prizm]] (1998-2002)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Vibe|Pontiac Vibe]] (2003-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Corolla (E80)|Toyota Corolla FX]] (1987-1988)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Corolla|Toyota Corolla]] (1989-2010) (E90/E100/E110/E130/E140)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Hilux#Fifth generation (N80, N90, N100, N110; 1988)|Toyota Pickup]] (1992-1995)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Tacoma|Toyota Tacoma]] (1995-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Voltz|Toyota Voltz]] (Japan: '02-'04)||1984||2009||Located at 45500 Fremont Blvd.&lt;br /&gt; Operated from 1963-1982 as a GM factory.&lt;br /&gt;From 1984-2010, operated as [[w:NUMMI|New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (NUMMI)]], which was a 50/50 joint venture between GM and [[w:Toyota|Toyota]] and assembled both GM and Toyota vehicles. First vehicle produced was a yellow Chevrolet Nova in December 1984. First Toyota produced was a Corolla FX16 3-d hatchback in September 1986. This was followed by the Corolla FX 3-d hatchback in February 1987. Nova and Corolla FX production ended in September 1988. That same month, NUMMI began producing the Toyota Corolla 4-door sedan. Geo Prizm production began in November 1988. In August 1991, Toyota pickup production began with the Regular Cab 4x2. The 4x4 followed in February 1992 ant the Xtracab followed in March 1993. Tacoma pickup production began in January 1995, replacing the previous unnamed Toyota pickup model. Prizm production ended in December 2001. In January 2002, Pontiac Vibe production began. In June 2002, production began of the Toyota Voltz, a rhd version of the Pontiac Vibe built for export to Japan. In September 2004, the 2nd generation Tacoma pickup began production. Pontiac Vibe production ended on August 17, 2009, ending GM production at Fremont. Tacoma pickup production ended March 26, 2010. The last vehicle built at NUMMI, a red Corolla sedan, was built April 1, 2010. NUMMI produced 7.7 million vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;Sold to [[w:Tesla Motors|Tesla, Inc.]] in May 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Sam Abuelsamid|title=Tesla to buy old resources from GM, Toyota for NUMMI plant|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2010/08/22/tesla-to-buy-old-resources-from-gm-toyota/|access-date=20 August 2015|publisher=Autoblog.com|date=August 22, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tesla only bought 210 of the total 370 acres owned by NUMMI. Tesla also bought $15 million worth of equipment and parts from the former NUMMI plant. Tesla took possession of the plant in October 2010. Tesla began production at Fremont in June 2012 with the Model S.

|- 

|O &lt;br /&gt;(1953-1963 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;6 &lt;br /&gt;(1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;C ([[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]])||[[w:Oakland Assembly|Oakland Assembly]] (Chevrolet)||[[w:Oakland, California|Oakland, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC New Design|GMC New Design]] (1952-1954)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Blue Chip|GMC Blue Chip]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|GMC C/K]] (1960-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952-1953, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]]||1917||1963||Located at 73rd Ave. &amp; Foothill Blvd. Built by Chevrolet before it became part of GM. Began building GMC trucks in December 1937 for the 1938 model year. Replaced by Fremont Assembly plant. Demolished. Site became Eastmont Mall which is now [[w:Eastmont Town Center|Eastmont Town Center]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland Motor Car Co.]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Oakland automobiles &lt;br /&gt; Pontiac 1926-1927||1909||1931||Located at 196 Oakland Ave. (now Cesar E Chavez Ave.). Also bordered by Baldwin Ave. and W. Howard St. GM bought Oakland Motor Car Co. in 1909. Oakland introduced sister brand Pontiac in 1926. Pontiac replaced Oakland for 1932. Early Pontiacs were built here before production moved to the new factory stretching from Baldwin Ave. east to Joslyn Ave. a little farther north. This was Pontiac's first headquarters until 1970 when Pontiac headquarters moved north to the Pontiac Assembly complex on Joslyn Ave. and &lt;br&gt; E. Montcalm St. Some of the buildings are still standing.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:es:General Motors OBB|GM-OBB]]||[[w:Quito, Ecuador|Quito]]||[[w:Ecuador|Ecuador]]||[[w:Isuzu D-Max#Second generation (RT; 2011)|Chevrolet D-Max 2011]]||1980 (1st GM product)||2024||OBB (Ómnibus BB Transportes) was founded in 1975. GM bought 22% of OBB in 1981 &amp; became majority shareholder in 1988. GM announced in April 2024 that GM-OBB will shut down at the end of August 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2024/04/gm-shutting-down-manufacturing-operations-in-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = GM Shutting Down Manufacturing Operations In Colombia And Ecuador|author=Deivis Centeno|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = April 29, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.americaeconomia.com/en/business-industries/general-motors-announces-end-car-manufacturing-operations-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = General Motors announces the end of car manufacturing operations in Colombia and Ecuador|publisher=AmericaEconomia.com|date = April 26, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Chevrolet Corsa]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa Evolution]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus Crescent|Chevrolet Esteem]], [[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Chevrolet Forsa]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Gemini#Second generation (1985)|Chevrolet Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#TF|Chevrolet LUV]], [[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Chevrolet LUV D-Max]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu MU#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Chevrolet Rodeo]], [[w:Isuzu Trooper#First generation (1981–1991)|Chevrolet Trooper]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Sail (Gen 2)]], [[w:Chevrolet Sail#Third generation (2014)|Chevrolet Sail (Gen 3)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|Chevrolet Silverado]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)|Chevrolet Vitara]], [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#Second generation|Chevrolet Grand Vitara]], [[w:Suzuki Vitara#Third generation (JT; 2005)|Chevrolet Grand Vitara SZ]] 

|- 

|6||[[w:Oklahoma City Assembly|Oklahoma City Assembly]]||[[w:Oklahoma City, Oklahoma|Oklahoma City, Oklahoma]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#EXT|Chevrolet TrailBlazer EXT]] (2002-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Envoy XL#Second generation (2002–2009)|GMC Envoy XL]] (2002-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Envoy#Envoy XUV|GMC Envoy XUV]] (2004-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Ascender|Isuzu Ascender extended length]] (2003-2006)||1979||2006||Located at 7447 SE 74th Street. &lt;br /&gt; Initially produced front wheel drive [[w:GM X platform (FWD)|X platform]] vehicles ([[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1980-1983) &amp; [[w:Pontiac Phoenix#Second generation (1980–1984)|Pontiac Phoenix]] (1980-1982)) followed by front wheel drive [[w:General Motors A platform (FWD)|A platform]] vehicles ([[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1989), [[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1988-1991), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1989-1996), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1982-1996)) as well as [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1997-2001) &amp; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Sixth generation (midsize) 1997–1999|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1997-1999). Converted to build body-on-frame SUVs for 2002 model year. Damaged by a tornado on May 8, 2003, but the company repaired the damage and returned the plant to operation just 53 days later. Idled February 20, 2006. Last vehicle produced was a white 2006 Chevrolet TrailBlazer EXT. Plant was taken over by Oklahoma City in 2008 and leased to neighbor Tinker Air Force Base. Now known as Building 9001 Tinker Aerospace Complex. Used for maintaining jet engines and for software engineering.  

|- 

|2||[[w:Opel|Opel]] Werk Bochum||[[w:Bochum|Bochum]], [[w:North Rhine-Westphalia|North Rhine-Westphalia]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Olympia#Name revival: Opel Olympia (1967–1970)|Opel Olympia]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]] A, B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]] A, B, C, D, &amp; E&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] F, G, &amp; H&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#H|Opel Astra]] H Classic (5-door, Caravan)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel GT#GT (1968–1973)|Opel GT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]] A, B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira Tourer C (2011–2019)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira Tourer]] C&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira B (2005–2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira]] B/Zafira Family&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999–2006)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;Engines&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions&lt;br /&gt;Axles||1962||2014|| Plant I was the vehicle assembly plant. First car off the line was a Kadett A. Plant II was the engine, transmission, &amp; axle plant. Engine production ended in 2004. Axle production ended in 2011. Transmission production ended Oct. 7, 2013. Vehicle production ended December 5, 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Opel|Opel]] [[w:Opelwerk Brandenburg|Werk Brandenburg]]||[[w:Brandenburg an der Havel|Brandenburg an der Havel]], [[w:Brandenburg|Brandenburg]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Blitz|Opel Blitz]]&lt;br /&gt;||1935||1944|| Bombed and heavily damaged by the Allies on Aug. 6, 1944. Factory was dismantled and shipped to the Soviet Union after the war ended as reparations. 

|- 

|6||[[w:Opel Eisenach|Opel Eisenach GmbH]]||[[w:Eisenach|Eisenach]], [[w:Thuringia|Thuringia]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa E (X15; 2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] E (3-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa D (S07; 2006)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] D (3-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] C (3-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] B &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Adam|Opel/Vauxhall Adam]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Astra F]] (1992-1995)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel Astra G]] (1998-2003)||1992||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Began production with Astra F in 1992. Began Corsa production in 1993 with Corsa B. Added production of the Adam in 2013. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] Werk Kaiserslautern||[[w:Kaiserslautern|Kaiserslautern]], [[w:Rhineland-Palatinate|Rhineland-Palatinate]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||Components&lt;br /&gt;Engines:&lt;br /&gt; Four-cylinder turbo diesel engines:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Fiat JTD engine#2.0 Multijet II|2.0 CDTI Family B turbodiesel 4-cyl.]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Fiat JTD engine#1.9|1.9 CDTI turbodiesel 4-cyl.]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM Ecotec Diesel (1997)|2.0/2.2 Ecotec direct injection turbodiesel]]

Four-cylinder gasoline engines:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM Ecotec engine|GM Ecotec engine]] 2.2&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.0|GM Ecotec engine]] 2.0 supercharged (LSJ) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Family II engine|GM Family II engine]] 1.6, 1.8, 2.0 &lt;br /&gt; 


|1966||2017||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|1&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;R (Catera)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5 (Pre-1976)||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] Werk Rüsselsheim||[[w:Rüsselsheim|Rüsselsheim]], [[w:Hesse|Hesse]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Insignia|Opel/Vauxhall Insignia]] (sedan, hatchback, Sports Tourer, Country Tourer)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Fifth generation (2008)|Buick Regal]] (2011MY from March 1, 2010-March 25, 2011)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Sixth generation (2018)|Buick Regal]] (2018-2020)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Insignia#First generation (G09; 2008)|Holden Insignia VXR (GA)]] (2015-2017)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore ZB|Holden Commodore (ZB)]] (2018-2020)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#J|Opel/Vauxhall Astra J]] (5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira Tourer C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Holden Vectra (JR)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra C (2002–2010)|Holden Vectra (ZC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Signum|Opel/Vauxhall Signum]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Omega|Opel/Vauxhall Omega]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Catera|Cadillac Catera]] (1997-2001)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Senator|Opel/Vauxhall Senator &amp; Vauxhall Royale]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Calibra|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Calibra (YE)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Monza|Opel Monza/Vauxhall Royale Coupe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore/Vauxhall Viceroy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kapitan|Opel Kapitan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Admiral|Opel Admiral]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Diplomat|Opel Diplomat]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett I (1936–1940)|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Olympia|Opel Olympia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Blitz|Opel Blitz]]&lt;br /&gt;axles&lt;br /&gt;components&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM F40 transmission|GM F40 transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;Frigidaire refrigerators (1937-c.1940 &amp; 1946-1959)||1899 (1st production car built)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; 1929 (part of GM)||2017 (left GM)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;2020 (production for GM ended)|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. GM bought 80% of Opel in March 1929 and bought the rest in 1931, making Opel a full GM subsidiary. Russelsheim previously make engines. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Rüsselsheim continued to supply the Buick Regal &amp; the Holden Commodore ZB to GM through 2020. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|S||[[w:Opel Szentgotthárd|Opel Szentgotthárd]]||[[w:Szentgotthárd|Szentgotthárd]]||[[w:Hungary|Hungary]]||[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] F 1992-1997, 80,835 units&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel Vectra]] B1 and B2 1998-1999, 4,404 units&lt;br /&gt;Opel Engines including:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM Family 1 engine| Family 1 engine]] DOHC versions 1.4, 1.6, 1.8&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM small gasoline engine|GM Small Gasoline Engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Medium Gasoline Engine|GM Medium Gasoline Engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Medium Diesel engine|GM Medium Diesel engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:VTi transmission|&quot;VTi&quot; CVT transmission]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Allison Transmission|Allison]] 3000, 4000, &amp; Torqmatic Series automatic transmissions||1992||2017 (left GM)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;2019 (production for GM ended)|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Originally a joint venture between GM &amp; Hungarian truck and engine maker Raba. GM bought out Raba &amp; became 100% owner in 1995. Production of Allison Transmissions began in 2000. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Szentgotthárd continued to supply the [[w:GM Medium Diesel engine|1.6L LH7 turbodiesel I4]] to GM through 2019. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Opel Wien|Opel Wien GmbH]]||[[w:Aspern|Aspern]]||[[w:Austria|Austria]]||[[w:Family 0 engine|Family 0]] engines (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.4 Turbo)&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions (Easytronic automated manual, F15/F17 five-speed manual and M20/M32 six-speed manual)||1982||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. Closed by Stellantis in 2024. &lt;br /&gt; Past engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 engine]] SOHC versions.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Osaka Assembly (Built on land leased from [[w:Sojitz|Nihon Menka]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TY4l3qWIIh4C&amp;q=general+motors+assembly+plant+location+osaka+japan&amp;pg=PA70|title=American Multinationals and Japan: The Political Economy of Japanese Capital Controls, 1899-1980|author=Mark Mason|date=14 October 1992|publisher=Harvard Univ Asia Center|isbn=9780674026308|via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Osaka|Osaka]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Buick from CKD kits||1927||1941||Factory was seized by [[w:Imperial Japanese|Imperial Japanese]] Government, see also [[w:General Motors Japan|General Motors Japan]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.autonews.com/article/20080914/ANA03/809150388/gm-had-early-start-in-japan-but-was-hobbled-by-nationalism|title=GM early history in Japan|author=Hans Greimel|publisher=Autonews.com|date=September 14, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/File:1926-6-1.jpg|title=Image of Osaka facility}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Oshawa Truck Assembly|Oshawa Battery Plant]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]] ||Batteries||19?||1990's?||Was part of the overall Oshawa Assembly complex (Autoplex) on Park Road South. Referred to by Delco Remy as Plant 41. This operation was closed.

|- 

|9 (1917-Mid 1923 Chevrolet)||Oshawa North||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||&lt;br /&gt;||1907||1996||The original Oshawa (North) plant opened in 1907 as a McLaughlin Motor Car Co. plant. It produced McLaughlin-Buick cars by fitting Buick engines and chassis to McLaughlin bodies. It also built Chevrolets for Chevrolet Motor Co. beginning in 1915 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Co. of Canada. McLaughlin Motor Car Co. and the Chevrolet Motor Car Co. of Canada were bought out by GM in 1918 becoming GM of Canada. GM of Canada continued to make Chevrolets and McLaughlin-Buicks (which became simply Buick after WWII) and also assembled [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland]] 1921-1930, [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] 1920-1942, 1946-1969, [[w:Marquette (automobile)#Buick brand|Marquette]] 1929-1930, [[w:Buick|Buick]] 1908-1942, 1951-1971, [[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] 1927-1930, 1932-1935, [[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]] 1923-1936. [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] production in Oshawa began shortly after US production in 1926. From the 1950's into the 1980's, Canadian market full-size Pontiacs were built on Chevrolet chassis and were powered by Chevrolet engines and had model names different from US-market Pontiacs (Pathfinder, Strato Chief, Laurentian, and Parisienne). Car production shifted to the current Oshawa complex Car Assembly plant (South plant; also known as Autoplex beginning in the 1980's) which opened in 1953. [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks were made beginning in 1919 and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]] trucks were made beginning in 1923 before truck production shifted to the Oshawa Truck plant located next to the South car plant in 1965. Oshawa also produced 65 [[w:Samson Tractor#Trucks and a car|Samson trucks]] from 1920-1921. Oshawa also produced military vehicles and equipment during both WWI and WWII. Also, Maple Leaf trucks.  

Operations were gradually moved from the older North plant to the newer South plant. The North plant, by then known as the GM North Fabrication plant making metal and plastic parts, was sold to Peregrine, Inc. in 1996. It was then sold to ACSYS Technologies Inc. in 2001. Both companies continued to operate as an auto parts manufacturer supplying GM. ACSYS closed the plant in 2004. The North plant ended all operations in 2005 and the last of it was demolished by 2006. Much of the site of the North plant at 155 Division Street (Ritson Road North is on the other side) is now a Costco.  

|- 

|1||[[w:Oshawa Truck Assembly|Oshawa Truck Assembly]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (1999-2009)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sierra|GMC Sierra]] (1988-2009)||1965||2009||Part of the overall Oshawa Assembly complex (Autoplex) on Park Road South. Truck plant was at 1100 Park Road South at the southern end of the Autoplex. Production ended May 14, 2009. Over 10 million vehicles were produced. Now the GM Canadian Technical Centre's (CTC) McLaughlin Advanced Technology Track. &lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (-1986, 1988-1998), [[w:GMC C/K|GMC C/K]] (-1986)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Main complex||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||Automotive wiring&lt;br&gt;Electric Motors||1932||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located between Griswold St NE on the north side, Dana St NE on the south side, Paige Ave NE on the east side, and N. Park Ave on the west side. Some of the earliest Packard cars were built here before Packard Automobile split from Packard Electric in 1902. Plant 4, which opened in 1938, was originally used by GM's Sunlight Electrical Division, which made electric motors. GM had acquired the former Sunlight Electrical Manufacturing Co. in March 1933. On July 1, 1943, Sunlight Electrical Division merged into GM's Packard Electric Division. Sunlight motors were still made in Plant 4. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Closed in 2006. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Plant# 41||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1947||1998||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located at 1554 Thomas Rd SE. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Closed in 1998. Sold in 2004 to Wetzel, Inc. Sold to Berk Enterprise, Inc. in 2009.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; North River Road complex||[[w:Bazetta Township, Ohio|Bazetta Township, Ohio]] and [[w:Howland Township, Trumbull County, Ohio|Howland Township, Ohio]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1955||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located on North River Road and Larchmont Avenue NE. The plant is in Bazetta Township and extends across the border into Howland Township. The majority is in Bazetta Township. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Parts of the site have been closed and demolished and/or sold but Delphi successor Aptiv still operates part of the site at 1265 North River Road.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Brookhaven Plant||[[w:Brookhaven, Mississippi|Brookhaven, Mississippi]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1977||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located at 925 Industrial Park Road NE. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Delphi successor Aptiv still operates the Brookhaven plant.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Clinton Plant||[[w:Clinton, Mississippi|Clinton, Mississippi]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1973||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located at 1001 Industrial Park Dr. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. One plant closed in 2006 and the second closed in 2009.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Mexico||[[w:Ciudad Juárez|Ciudad Juárez]], [[w:Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||Automotive wiring||1978||1999||Originally established as Conductores y Componentes Eléctricos by the Packard Electric division of GM. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Delphi successor Aptiv still operates the Mexican plants.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Ireland Ltd.||[[w:Tallaght|Tallaght]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]||Wire harnesses||1975||1996||Located on Airton Road. Production and export of wiring harnesses from this plant allowed GM to import fully built-up vehicles into Ireland before Ireland fully removed its restrictions on importing fully built-up vehicles. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Closed in 1996.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Peninsular SA||[[w:Barcelona|Barcelona]]||[[w:Spain|Spain]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks||1932||1936|| Production ended due to Spanish Civil War. Liquidated around 1939.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM del Peru||[[w:Lima|Lima]]||[[w:Peru|Peru]]||[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]]/[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]||1945||1970|| 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pittsburgh Metal|Pittsburgh Metal]]||[[W:West Mifflin, Pennsylvania|West Mifflin, Pennsylvania]]||United States||Metal stamping||1949||2008||Located at 1451 Lebanon School Road. Originally part of [[w:Fisher Body|Fisher Body]] division. Demolished in 2011.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Polsce Sp. Zo.o.||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars and trucks||1928||1930's||Was at 103 Wolska St. Closed during the Depression. 

|-

|P (1939-1988)||[[w:Pontiac Assembly|Pontiac Assembly]]/Pontiac Fiero Assembly||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||In ex-Fisher Body plant (Pontiac Fiero Assembly):&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Pontiac Fiero|Pontiac Fiero]] (1984-1988)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Main plant (Pontiac Assembly) after reopening:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM G platform (RWD)|RWD G-bodies]]:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo#Fourth generation (1981–1988)|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1987-1988),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fourth generation (1978–1988)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1985-1987),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1986-1987),&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fourth generation (1978–1988)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme Classic]] (1988),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Regal#Second generation (1978)|Buick Regal]] (1985-1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Also:&lt;br /&gt; Pontiac engines:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Pontiac straight-8 engine|Pontiac straight-8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac V8 engine|Pontiac V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Trophy 4 engine|Pontiac Trophy 4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Iron Duke engine|Pontiac Iron Duke/Tech IV I4 engine]]||1927||1987 (Pontiac Assembly)/1988 (Pontiac Fiero Assembly)||This was Pontiac's home plant. Property runs from Walton Blvd. on the north to E. Montcalm St. on the south with Joslyn Ave. or for certain stretches, Highwood Blvd., on the east side and Price St. or further south, Baldwin Ave. and then N. Saginaw St., on the west side. Also known as Pontiac North to distinguish from GMC's multiple plants in Pontiac, MI. Within 90 days of ground being broken, vehicles were already being produced in Pontiac's new home plant in 1927. Final Assembly was Plant 8 of Pontiac's Assembly complex in Pontiac, Michigan. On March 14, 1962, Pontiac Assembly built the 75 millionth GM vehicle built in the US, a white 1962 Bonneville convertible. Idled in 1982 but reopened in January 1985 with bodies supplied by Flint Body Assembly. Closed in December 1987. Last vehicle built was a Buick Regal Grand National. Demolished in 1997. GM still has the Pontiac Redistribution Center on the northeast portion of this property at 1251 Joslyn Road at the intersection with E. Columbia Ave. The Pontiac Metal Center is another still active part of this property. GM still uses the eastern part of the property bordered by Joslyn Ave. on the east, E. Beverly Ave. on the north, E. Montcalm St. on the south, and N. Glenwood Ave. on the west. This area includes GM Performance and Racing Center at 900 N. Glenwood Ave. and the Propulsion Systems Pontiac Engineering Center at 800 N. Glenwood Ave. Pontiac's divisional HQ moved here in 1970 from the previous location at the former Oakland HQ on 196 Oakland Ave. (now Cesar E Chavez Ave.). Pontiac's divisional HQ at One Pontiac Plaza was about where the Propulsion Systems Engineering Center is now. [[w:Fisher Body|Fisher Body]] operated a plant on the site (Plant 17) from 1935-1982. This plant was connected to the final assembly plant by an enclosed bridge that ran over N. Saginaw St., that was used to transport the bodies from the Fisher Body plant, where bodies up to the firewall were built, to the Pontiac final assembly plant where the body was mated to the chassis and the front end, powertrain, &amp; interior were installed and the car was completed. This plant, located at 900 Baldwin Ave., was converted to build the [[w:Pontiac Fiero|Pontiac Fiero]], which it built from 1983-1988. Last Fiero built August 16, 1988. GM used it as a warehouse until 2009 (&quot;Pontiac Warehouse Operations&quot;). Prototyping work was also done there. Most of the Fiero plant was demolished in 2013 (from Kennett Rd. until just before the plant sign which is just past St. Louis Ave.). There used to be an overpass going over Baldwin Ave. to the parking lot on the other side of Baldwin but this was taken down after Fiero production ended. Pontiac engines were made in Plant 9 and Plant 18. Another engine plant was built in 1981 in the northern part of the property. It was originally called Plant 55, later renamed Plant 33. It was next to Plant 51, later renamed Plant 25, which did chassis parts and machining and later, engine machining. Engine production ended in 1993. Plant 9 was demolished in 1997 &amp; Plant 18 was demolished in 1998. Plants 25 &amp; 33 were demolished sometime between 2008 &amp; 2013. Some parts of the complex have been sold to U-Pull And Save Auto Parts, Dani’s Trucking, GFL Environmental, &amp; Bedrock Express. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Six|Pontiac Six]] (1927-1932, 1935-1940), Pontiac Series 302 V8 (1932), Pontiac Economy Eight (1933-1934), Pontiac Improved Eight (1935), Pontiac Deluxe Eight (1936-1940), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville (B-body)]] (1958-80), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Seventh generation (1982–1986)|Pontiac Bonneville (G-body)]] (1982), [[w:Pontiac Can Am|Pontiac Can Am]] (1977) [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1980), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1949-1958), [[w:Pontiac Custom S|Pontiac Custom S]] (1969), [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-70), [[w:Pontiac Grand Am#1973–1975|Pontiac Grand Am (1973-75)]], [[w:Pontiac Grand Am#1978–1980|Pontiac Grand Am (1978-80)]], [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix (B-body)]] (1962-1968), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Third generation (1969–1972)|Pontiac Grand Prix (G-body)]] (1969-1972), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix (A-/G-body)]] (1973-1982), [[w:Pontiac Grand Safari|Pontiac Grand Safari]] (1971-1978), [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1971-75), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1973), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1962-1981), [[w:Pontiac Safari|Pontiac Safari]] (1955-1957), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1954-66), [[w:Pontiac Streamliner|Pontiac Streamliner]] (1941-51), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1961-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans#1970|Pontiac T-37]] (1970-1971), [[w:Pontiac Torpedo|Pontiac Torpedo]] (1940-1948), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961)

|- 

|V (1972-1990)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P (Pre-1972)||Pontiac Central Assembly||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States|||[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|GMC C-Series/E-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC New Design|GMC New Design]] (1947-1951, 1952-1954)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Blue Chip|GMC Blue Chip]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K|GMC C/K]] (1960-1985)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1967-1985)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1937-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Motorhome|GMC Motorhome/TransMode]] (1978)&lt;br /&gt; Buses ([[w:GM &quot;old-look&quot; transit bus|Yellow Coach/GM &quot;old-look&quot; transit bus]] (1940-1969), [[w:GM PD-4103|GM PD-4103]], [[w:PD-4501 Scenicruiser|PD-4501 Scenicruiser]], [[w:GM New Look bus|GM New Look bus]] (1960-1977), [[w:GM Buffalo bus|GM Buffalo bus]] (1966-1980), [[w:Rapid Transit Series|Rapid Transit Series (RTS)]] (1978-1987))&lt;br /&gt;Medium Duty Trucks &amp; Heavy Duty Trucks including:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)#Medium-duty trucks|Chevrolet C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1967-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series#GMC (1966–1970)|GMC E-Series medium-duty trucks]] (E4500/E5500/E6500) (1967-1968) [https://web.archive.org/web/20140109015322/https://www.gmheritagecenter.com/docs/gm-heritage-archive/historical-brochures/GMC/100_YR_GMC_HISTORY_MAR09.pdf] (page 30)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)#Medium-duty trucks|GMC C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1969-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#Medium-duty trucks (1973–1989)|Chevrolet/GMC C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1985-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|Chevrolet Kodiak]] (1985-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|GMC Top Kick]] (1985-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series|Chevrolet B-series]] (-1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series|GMC B-series]] (-1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Brigadier#Background|Chevrolet/GMC H/J series]] (1966-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bruin|Chevrolet Bruin]] (1978-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Brigadier|GMC Brigadier]] (1978-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:WhiteGMC Brigadier|WhiteGMC Brigadier]] (1988-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC General#Background|Chevrolet/GMC C/M series]] (1966-1976)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bison|Chevrolet Bison]] (1977-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC General|GMC General]] (1977-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Astro#Background|GMC F/D series &quot;Crackerbox&quot;]] (1959-1968)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Titan|Chevrolet Titan]] (1970-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Astro|GMC Astro]] (1969-1987)&lt;br /&gt;Engines ([[w:GMC straight-6 engine|GMC straight-6 engine]] 1947-1962,&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC V6 engine|GMC V6 (1960-1973)/V12 (1960-1965) engine]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:GMC V8 engine#GMC engines|GMC 60° V8]] (1966-1972))||1928||1990||Located at 660 South Boulevard East. Known as GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division Plant 2 when built. Production of trucks began in January 1928. In 1925, General Motors Truck Corp., the parent of the GMC brand, merged with Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company (including its Yellow Coach Mfg. Co. bus-making subsidiary) to form Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company, in which GM owned a majority stake of 57%. The Northway Motor Division of Detroit was transferred to General Motors Truck Corp. as part of that merger but was liquidated in 1926. On September 30, 1943, GM acquired the remainder of Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Co. and on October 1, 1943 the GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division of General Motors Corp. was formed and Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Co. was dissolved. When limited production of civilian buses resumed in March 1944, they were badged as GM Coach and the Yellow name was retired. Headquarters of Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Co. and later the GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division. Headquarters building in front of Plant 2 was completed in March 1928. Administration and engineering buildings were part of the complex. Built 409,012 [[w:GMC CCKW 2½-ton 6×6 truck|CCKW 6x6 trucks]], AFKWX 6x6 cab-over trucks, [[w:DUKW|DUKW &quot;Ducks&quot;]], &amp; other types of trucks during WWII. Also produced 2,249 buses &amp; 30 T18E2 Boarhound armored cars during WWII. The small-block, Group 1 GMC inline-6s were moved from Plant 4 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in November 1947. In December 1947, engine manufacturing and machine shops moved from Plants 1 and 4 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central. The medium- and big-block, Group 2 &amp; 3 GMC inline-6s were moved to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in February 1948. In August 1977, the GMC MotorHome was moved from Plant 3 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central. The GMC MotorHome was discontinued after 1978. [https://www.gmccolonial.com/gmc-motorhome-history] Transit bus production ended in spring 1987 when GM sold the product line to Greyhound Corporation, which continued RTS production at its [[w:Transportation Manufacturing Corporation|TMC]] plant in Roswell, New Mexico. Converted in 1994 into a Truck Product Engineering Center (Pontiac Centerpoint Campus) by GM using only the steel frame of the large main building while everything else was demolished. The Truck Product Engineering Center closed in 2009 and the site is now the Centerpoint Business Campus, which is occupied by many businesses including Fanuc Robotics and i.M. Branded.  

|- 

|E (1988-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;V (1972-1985)||[[w:Pontiac East Assembly|Pontiac East Assembly]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Medium Duty Trucks:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#Medium-duty trucks (1973–1989)|Chevrolet/GMC C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1973-85), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|Chevrolet Kodiak]] (1981-1985), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|GMC Top Kick]] (1981-85)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K (GMT400)]] (1988-1998)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra (GMT400)]] (1988-1998)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|Chevrolet Silverado (GMT800)]] (1999-2006)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|Chevrolet Silverado Classic (GMT800)]] (2007)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|GMC Sierra (GMT800)]] (1999-2006)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|GMC Sierra Classic (GMT800)]] (2007)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|Chevrolet Silverado (GMT900)]] (2007-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|GMC Sierra (GMT900)]] (2007-2009) ||1972||2009||Located at 2100 South Opdyke Road. Known as GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division Plant 6 when built, also known as Pontiac Assembly Center. Pontiac East is directly to the east of Pontiac Central. Pontiac East began by building medium-duty trucks, which were moved from Pontiac Central. In 1985, medium-duty trucks were moved back to Pontiac Central, combining with production of heavy-duty trucks and buses. GMT400 full-size pickup production began in December 1986 for the 1988 model year. Closed in September 2009. Demolished in 2011-2012. Portions of the site are now occupied by Challenge Manufacturing Co. and Williams International. 

|- 

|0 (1978-1994)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;V (1972-1977)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P (Pre-1972)||[[w:Pontiac West Assembly|Pontiac West Assembly]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Trucks, Buses,&lt;br /&gt;Engines: ([[w:Buick straight-6 engine|Buick 257/331 straight-6 engine]] (1931-1932), [[w:GMC straight-6 engine|GMC straight-6 engine]] 1933-1948), &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Motorhome|GMC Motorhome/TransMode]] (1973-1977)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#First generation (1964–1966)|Chevrolet Van/GMC Handi-Van]] (1964-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet van#Second generation (1967–1970)|Chevrolet Van/GMC Handi-Van]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971–1996)|Chevrolet Van/GMC Vandura]] (1978-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10#First generation (1982)|Chevrolet S-10]]&lt;br /&gt; (1982-1984, 1991-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC S-15|GMC S-15]] (1982-1984)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sonoma|GMC Sonoma]] (1991-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt; (1983-1994 2-d, 1994 4-d)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC S-15 Jimmy|GMC S-15 Jimmy]]&lt;br /&gt; (1983-1994 2-d, 1994 4-d)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Typhoon|GMC Typhoon]] (1992-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Bravada#First generation (1991–1994)|Oldsmobile Bravada]] (1994) ||1906||1994||Complex includes GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division Plants 1, 3, 4, and 5. Plant 1 was originally the plant of Rapid Motor Vehicle Company, one of the 2 main ancestors of the modern GMC Division (the other being Reliance Motor Car Company). Plant 1 was located at 25 Rapid Street and opened in 1906, before Rapid was taken over by GM in 1908-1909. Plant 1 started making Buick 257 &amp; 331 inline-6's in 1931 after Buick stopped making inline-6s after 1930 and switched its entire lineup to straight-8s. The tooling was moved to Plant 1 from the Buick complex in Flint. Buick had been supplying inline-6s to GMC since 1925. In 1933, GMC started making inline-6s of its own design in Plant 1. The medium- and big-block, Group 2 &amp; 3 GMC inline-6s were moved to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in February 1948. Plant 1 was demolished around 1981. Plant 3 opened in 1940 and was located at South Boulevard West and Franklin Road. Plant 3 was used for sheet metal work and material storage at first. Plant 3 later built the [[w:GMC Motorhome|GMC Motorhome]]. In August 1977, the GMC MotorHome was moved from Plant 3 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central for its final model year of 1978. Plant 3 was demolished around 2005. Plant 4 was located on South Saginaw Street (now Woodward Ave.) Engine production began in Plant 4 in October 1938. The [[w:GMC straight-6 engine|GMC straight-6 engine]] was built there through 1947/1948. Small-block, Group 1 GMC inline-6 engines were made in Plant 4 from October 1938. The small-block, Group 1 GMC inline-6s were moved to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in November 1947. In December 1947, engine manufacturing and machine shops moved from Plants 1 and 4 to Building 29 at Pontiac Central. Plant 4 was also used for material storage. Plant 4 also built the [[w:Chevrolet van|1964-1970 Chevrolet &amp; GMC full-size vans]]. Plant 4 was demolished around 2008. Plant 5 was located on Franklin Road, to the north of Plant 3. Plant 5 was demolished around 2005. After Pontiac Central opened in 1928, Pontiac West focused on machining and component manufacturing rather than vehicle assembly.[https://www.hagerty.com/media/automotive-history/a-gmc-motor-homecoming-50-years-on/] (Paragraph 4) There would be sporadic vehicle production at Pontiac West in the 1960's and 1970's (vans, motorhomes). In the 1980's, vehicle production increased as Pontiac West became one of GM's plants building compact pickups and SUVs. Production ended in 1994. Entire property sold to M1 Concourse in 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Pontiac Foundry||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Casting|Iron castings]] of engine parts. ||1927||1987||Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. Was Plant 6 of Pontiac's Assembly complex in Pontiac, Michigan. Demolished in 1995. A U.S. Postal Service distribution center now occupies the approximate area where the foundry used to be. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Regina Plant|Regina Plant]]||[[w:Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina, Saskatchewan]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]] 

|[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars &amp; trucks, Maple Leaf trucks, [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Buick|Buick]] 

|1928||1941||Factory office building is located at 1102 8th Avenue while the factory building is behind the office building stretching down Winnipeg Street down to 6th Ave. Production began on Dec. 11, 1928. Production halted in August 1930, restarted in March 1931, then halted again a few months later in 1931. Production restarted in December 1937. In 1941, taken over by the [[w:Government of Canada|Government of Canada]] to produce munitions for World War II as Regina Industries Limited. Auto production never resumed and the property was used by the Canadian Department of National Defense until the mid-1960s. Sold to the Saskatchewan provincial govt. in 1967 and then the Regina city govt. in 1987. Was used by both public- and private-sector tenants. Damaged by a fire on May 3, 2017. In 2020, the City of Regina decommissioned the building and all the tenants were required to move out. Buildings are still standing and have been used by a variety of businesses and organizations. You can still see &quot;GMC&quot; carved in stone above the front entrance to the office building. Office building is designated a Heritage Inventory Property by city of Regina. A related building is down the block at 1260 8th Avenue at the corner of Toronto Street. After the factory closed in 1941, GM still used this building for its regional administrative and parts distribution operations until it moved in 1967.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GMC (marque)#History|Reliance Motor Truck Co.]]||[[w:Owosso, Michigan|Owosso]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Reliance trucks (1909-1912)&lt;br&gt; GMC trucks (heavy duty models) (1912-1913)||1909||1913||Plant was located on Michigan Ave. In late 1908, GM bought Reliance Motor Car Co. and reorganized it as Reliance Motor Truck Co. Reliance truck production moved here from Detroit in 1909. In February 1912, the GMC brand replaced the Reliance brand as well as the Rapid brand. In 1913, production was consolidated at the Rapid Street plant of the former Rapid Motor Vehicle Co. in Pontiac, Michigan and the Owosso plant was sold. Plant was later used by American Malleables and later by Mid-West Abrasive Co., a maker of sandpaper. Plant was later extended to S. Washington St.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Saab [[w:Gothenburg|Gothenburg]] Transmission||[[w:Gothenburg|Gothenburg]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||Pre-GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab two-stroke|Saab two-stroke]]&lt;br /&gt;GM era:&lt;br /&gt;Saab 99/900 manual transmission&lt;br /&gt;[[w:F35 transmission|F35 transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM F40 transmission|GM F40 transmission]] ||1989||2009||Saab plant. Opened in 1953. Engine production ended in 1968. 

GM bought 50% of [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] in 1989 &amp; the other 50% in 2000. Transmission production ended when the 1st gen. 9-5 ended production. GM sold [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] to [[w:Spyker Cars|Spyker Cars]] in February, 2010. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saab [[w:Sodertalje|Sodertalje]] Engine||[[w:Sodertalje|Sodertalje]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||Pre-GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab B engine|Saab B engine]]&lt;br /&gt;GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab H engine|Saab H engine]] ||1989||2007||Saab plant.  Opened in 1972.   

GM bought 50% of [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] in 1989 &amp; the other 50% in 2000. Engine plant sold to [[w:Scania AB|Scania AB]] in 2007. GM sold [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] to [[w:Spyker Cars|Spyker Cars]] in February, 2010. 

|- 

|1,2,3,4,8||Saab [[w:Trollhättan Assembly|Trollhättan Assembly]]||[[w:Trollhättan|Trollhättan]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||Pre-GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 92|Saab 92]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 93|Saab 93]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 95|Saab 95]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 96|Saab 96]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 99|Saab 99]]&lt;br /&gt;GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 900|Saab 900]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9000|Saab 9000]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9-3|Saab 9-3]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9-5|Saab 9-5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac BLS|Cadillac BLS]]||1989||2010||Saab plant. Opened in 1947. Also did engine (Saab two-stroke) &amp; transmission production until 1953 when it was relocated to the Gothenburg plant. 

GM bought 50% of [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] in 1989 &amp; the other 50% in 2000. Saab also built the 9-3 based BLS for Cadillac. The BLS was not sold in the US or Canada. GM sold [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] to [[w:Spyker Cars|Spyker Cars]] in February, 2010.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Malleable Iron||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1919||2007|| Located at 77 W. Center St. Iron castings. HQ of Central Foundry Division. In 1919, Saginaw Malleable Iron and Central Foundry merged with the Jacox division into GM's Saginaw Products Company. In 1928, became the Saginaw Malleable Iron division of GM. Closed in 2007, demolished in 2010. Converted into a park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Nodular Iron||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Steering knuckles, crankshafts, disc brake caliper housings, exhaust manifolds, flywheels, differential carriers, clutch pressure plates||1967||1988|| Located at 2100 Veterans Memorial Parkway. Straddles the City of Saginaw-Buena Vista Township border. Iron castings. Closed in 1988. Later demolished. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Parts||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1909||1983|| Located on corner of 6th &amp; Washington Avenues. Opened in 1907 to build the 1908 Rainier. Bought by GM in 1909 as part of its purchase of [[w:Rainier Motor Car Company|Rainier Motor Car Company]]. Reorganized into the [[w:Marquette (automobile)#Company|Marquette Motor Co.]] which still made Rainier brand cars through 1911 as well as parts for Welch and Welch-Detroit cars. In 1912, the Rainier brand was replaced by the Marquette brand, which was said to be a combination of the previous Rainier and Welch-Detroit brands. In February 1912, the company was renamed Peninsular Motor Co. Some late production cars seem to have been badged as Peninsular. All of those activities ended at the end of 1912. In 1917, during World War I, the plant was reopened and used to manufacture mortar shells for the US Ordnance Corps. In 1919, became part of the Saginaw Products Company with this plant becoming the Saginaw Products Company Motor Plant. From 1919-1922, the plant made [[w:Chevrolet Inline-4 engine#224|OHV I4]] engines for [[w:Chevrolet Series FB|Chevrolet Series FB]] and [[w:Oldsmobile Model 43|Oldsmobile Model 43A]]. It was then used as a warehouse. From 1935, it made all different types of auto parts and service parts as Chevrolet Saginaw Service Parts Plant or from 1969, Chevrolet Saginaw Parts Plant. Closed in 1983, demolished in 1984.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear - Plant 1||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Steering components||1910||1984||Located on 628 North Hamilton St. Originally founded as the Jackson, Church and Wilcox Company (Jacox) in 1906. Bought by GM in 1910. Became the Jackson-Church-Wilcox or Jacox division of GM. In 1919, the Jacox division merged with Saginaw Malleable Iron and Central Foundry into GM's Saginaw Products Company. Became the Saginaw Steering Gear Division in 1928. Closed in 1984. Sold in 1987 to Thomson Industries. Still operates today as Thomson Aerospace &amp; Defense, a brand of Linear Motion LLC, which is owned by the Umbra Group of Italy. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear - Plant 2||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Steering Gears, pump hoses||1941||2001||Located at 1400 Holmes Street. Affectionately known as &quot;The Gun Plant&quot;, it was built in 1941 when the division was contracted to build M1919 machine guns, and M1-Carbines for World War II. After the war, normal steering gear production continued until its closure in 2001. It was demolished in 2002. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear complex||[[w:Buena Vista Township, Michigan|Buena Vista Township, Michigan]]||United States|| Complete Hydraulic and Electric Power Steering Systems, Halfshafts, Intermediate Drive Shafts||1953||2010||Located at 3900 E. Holland Road. Former Saginaw Steering Gear Division of GM. Saginaw Steering Gear Division renamed Saginaw Division in 1985. Grouped under Delphi Automotive Systems in 1995. Plant 3 opened in 1953, Plant 4 opened in 1956. The sprawling Five-Plant complex (Plants 3-7), division Headquarters and large engineering center, were spun off with Delphi in 1999. GM repurchased the Delphi Steering division from bankrupt Delphi in 2009, renaming it Nexteer Automotive, and then sold the division to [[w:Pacific Century Motors|Pacific Century Motors]] in 2010. The former GM Division now operates as &quot;[[w:Nexteer Automotive|Nexteer Automotive]]&quot;, an independent company headquartered at the Saginaw site. Nexteer moved its headquarters to Auburn Hills in 2015.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear Overseas Corp.||[[w:Hendon|Hendon]], [[w:England|England]]||United Kingdom|| Steering columns, Steering column components (jacket &amp; bracket assemblies), Vacuum pumps, EGR valves||1970 (auto parts)||?||Located on Capitol Way in The Capitol Industrial Park.  Originally opened in 1924 as a vehicle assembly plant making Chevrolets (See listing for &quot;GM Ltd.&quot;). When Chevrolet production was moved to Luton in 1930, Hendon was used for parts distribution. Later, Frigidaire made appliances at Hendon. In 1970, Hendon began producing steering columns. In 1971, more automotive components began to be produced in place of Frigidaire appliances. In 1979, Hendon became aligned with Saginaw Steering Gear in the US. In 1980, GM sold the Hendon site for redevelopment but leased back an area for construction of a new plant for Saginaw Steering Gear. The new plant opened in 1981. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and the Hendon plant became part of Saginaw Steering Gear Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Transmission||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Manual Transmissions, Brakes||1921||1999||Located at 2328 E. Genesee Ave. Built 1919–20 for the Michigan Crankshaft Company (originally founded as National Engineering Company), acquired by GM in 1921 and placed under Saginaw Products Company. In 1928, became the Saginaw Crankshaft Division of GM. Transferred to Chevrolet upon the dissolution of the Crankshaft Division in 1931 when crankshaft manufacturing was turned over to the car divisions. Made the &quot;Saginaw&quot; 3 and 4-Speed manual transmissions.  It was spun off as part of Delphi in 1999. The plant was sold to [[w:TRW Automotive|TRW Automotive]] in 2007. TRW used the plant to produces brake and suspension components (known as TRW Braking and Suspension). TRW closed this plant in 2014.  

|- 

|4||[[w:Scarborough Van Assembly|Scarborough Van Plant]]||[[w:Scarborough, Toronto|Scarborough]], [[w:Ontario|Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Chevrolet Van#Third generation (1971–1996)|Chevrolet Van]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Vandura#Third generation (1971–1996)|GMC Vandura]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sportvan#Third generation (1971–1996)|Chevrolet Sportvan]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Vandura#Third generation (1971–1996)|GMC Rally Van]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;||1952&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1974 (Vehicle production)||1993||Located at 1901 Eglinton Avenue East. Originally a [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] home appliance plant through 1970. In 1960, production of automotive components was added. Production included radios, instrument clusters, horns, shock absorbers, and propshafts. After Frigidaire production ended in 1970, only auto parts were made and the plant name was changed from Frigidaire Products of Canada to Delco Canada. Auto parts production ended in 1973 and the plant was expanded and converted to build full-size vans and renamed Scarborough Van Plant. First van produced on May 23, 1974 (a 1974 Chevy Van 10). After van production began, plant was expanded 5 times over the years. Cutaway production was added for 1975, halted in 1978, and resumed in 1980. One millionth van produced in January 1986 (a GMC model). Closed on May 6, 1993 and operations moved to [[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly]]. Scarborough produced 1,626,313 vans from 1974-1993. Plant demolished and now site of Eglinton Town Centre and Comstock Bus Garage at the southern end of the property.  

|- 


|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Scripps-Booth|Scripps-Booth]]||[[w:Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Scripps-Booth automobiles||1918||1922||Taken over by Chevrolet by the end of 1917 before Chevrolet was part of GM. When Chevrolet became part of GM, Scripps-Booth became part of GM as well. Scripps-Booth then adopted an Oakland chassis and a Northway six-cylinder engine, using parts from other GM divisions. However, a place could not be found for Scripps-Booth in GM's lineup, so GM closed it down in 1922.

|-

|8||[[w:Shreveport Operations|Shreveport Operations]]||[[w:Shreveport, Louisiana|Shreveport, Louisiana]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Colorado#First generation (2004)|Chevrolet Colorado]] (2004-2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Colorado#First generation (2004)|GMC Canyon]] (2004-2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Hummer H3|Hummer H3]] (2006-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Hummer H3#H3T|Hummer H3T]] (2009-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Colorado#Isuzu i-series|Isuzu i-series]] pickup (2006-2008)||1981||2012||Located at 7600 General Motors Blvd. General Motors Blvd. was renamed Antoine Blvd. in 2013. A portion of the complex is now used by Glovis America, a Hyundai Automotive Group subsidiary, for a vehicle logistics and processing center for Hyundai and Kia vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;Past models: &lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 |Chevrolet S-10]] (1982-03), [[w:Chevrolet S-10 EV|Chevrolet S-10 EV]] (1997-1998),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]] (1983-1991 2-d),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC S-15|GMC S-15]] (1982-1990), [[w:GMC Sonoma|GMC Sonoma]] (1991-03), [[w:GMC Syclone|GMC Syclone]] (1991),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|GMC S-15 Jimmy]] (1983-1991 2-d),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Hombre|Isuzu Hombre]] (1996-'00) 

|- 

|A||[[w:General Motors South Africa|General Motors South Africa]] Darling Street &amp; Kempston Road plants||[[w:Port Elizabeth, South Africa|Port Elizabeth]]||[[w:South Africa|South Africa]]||[[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa and Willow Run)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Beaumont (automobile)|Acadian Beaumont &amp; Beaumont]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa 1966-69)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona#Export models|Chevrolet Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)#HJ|Chevrolet Caprice Classic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Constantia|Chevrolet Constantia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevair|Chevrolet Chevair]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]]/[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Nomad#South Africa production (GMSA)|Chevrolet Nomad]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HQ|Chevrolet De Ville]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK#South Africa|Chevrolet El Camino&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet El Toro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK#South Africa|Chevrolet Kommando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet LUV|Chevrolet LUV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Monaro#Export program|Holden Monaro (HT)/Chevrolet SS (HG)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Parisienne|Pontiac Parisienne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva#South Africa|Chevrolet Firenza/1300/1900]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series D#ZA|Chevrolet 2500, 3800, 4100]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series E#Chevrolet Rekord|Chevrolet Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona#Ascona C (1981–1988)|Opel Ascona C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett A|Opel Kadett A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett B|Opel Kadett B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett D (1979–1984)|Opel Kadett D]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett E (1984–1995)|Opel Kadett E/Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Kadett F]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel Astra G]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Opel Corsa B/Corsa Lite]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viscount|Vauxhall Viscount]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva#Other markets|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Faster|Isuzu KB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max|Isuzu KB (D-Max based)]]&lt;br /&gt;||1926 (Darling Street)&lt;br /&gt;1928 (Kempston Road)||1929 (Darling Street)&lt;br /&gt;2017||Also assembled in the pre-WWII era: &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] appliances. 

Also built the [[w:Ranger (automobile)#South Africa|Ranger]]. 

 
GM sold the factory to Isuzu in 2017 and left the South African market. Isuzu consolidated its commercial truck production in the Struandale plant which already built Isuzu pickups and the Kempston Road plant ended production on Nov. 30, 2018. 

|- 

|4||[[w:General Motors South Africa|General Motors South Africa]] Struandale plant||[[w:Port Elizabeth, South Africa|Port Elizabeth]]||[[w:South Africa|South Africa]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Africa|Chevrolet Spark (M300)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Opel Corsa C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Montana#South Africa|Opel Corsa Utility/Chevrolet Utility]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Hummer H3|Hummer H3]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max#Second generation (RT; 2011)|Isuzu KB]]&lt;br /&gt;||1996||2017||Struandale was originally a Ford plant opened in 1973 which GM South Africa bought during the time it was known as Delta Motor Corp. in 1994. 

 
GM sold the factory to Isuzu in 2017 and left the South African market. Struandale absorbed Isuzu pickup production beginning with the 2nd generation D-Max around 2013 &amp; Isuzu commercial truck ([[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] &amp; [[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]) production in Jan. 2019. Isuzu KB was renamed D-Max in South Africa in 2018, aligning with the rest of the world. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors South Africa|General Motors South Africa]] Engine plant - Aloes||[[w:Port Elizabeth, South Africa|Port Elizabeth]]||[[w:South Africa|South Africa]]||[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift inline-6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]] inline-4||1966||1999?||  

|- 

|C (1965-1982)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; U (1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;S (1960-1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;C (1937-1964 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] and 1936-1959 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2 (1938-1964 &lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick|Buick]]) ||[[w:South Gate Assembly|South Gate Assembly]]||[[w:South Gate, California|South Gate, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1982) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Cadillac Cimarron|Cadillac Cimarron]] (1982)||1936||1982|| Located at 2700 Tweedy Blvd. South Gate Assembly was the 1st GM multi-brand assembly plant, assembling Buick, Oldsmobile, and Pontiac models. The first finished cars were produced in May 1936. It was operated by GM's Southern California Division through 1943. Automobile production ended in Feb. 1942. During WWII, it produced the M5 and M5A1 Stuart tanks from July 1942-August 1943 in cooperation with Cadillac Division which held the contract to build the tank. It also provided a proof range for Army Ordnance to test various types of machine gun and cannon shells. Space was also provided for Army Ordnance to modify M4 medium tanks. Also built were gun shields and deck houses for the Navy. When M5A1 production ceased in August 1943, the plant was leased to Douglas Aircraft Co. until the end of the war for aircraft parts production. After the war ended, in 1945, Southgate &amp; Linden were both placed in a new division called the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. South Gate began making Chevrolet full-size cars for 1964. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. South Gate was converted to build H-body small cars like the Vega for 1975 but the plant was switched back to full-size cars for 1977, building Chevy, Oldsmobile, &amp; Buick B-bodies. In 1979, South Gate Assembly became the second plant (the 1st was Linden, NJ in 1971) outside Cadillac's home plant in Detroit to assemble Cadillacs when it began to assemble C-body Cadillacs like the DeVille instead of Oldsmobile &amp; Buick B-bodies. The plant was then idled in March 1980. It was again switched to build small cars for 1982, this time the J-body. Slow sales and efforts to reduce air quality issues resulted in plant closure, with production ending on March 23, 1982. Plant demolished and site used for 3 new schools for L.A. School District and the South Gate Industrial and Business Park at the southern end of the property.&lt;br /&gt; Unibody B-O-P &quot;Y&quot;-body [[w:Buick Special#1961–1963|Buick Special]]/[[w:Buick Skylark#First generation (1961–1963)|Buick Skylark]] (1962-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile F-85#First generation (1961)|Oldsmobile F-85/&lt;br&gt; Cutlass]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Tempest#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac Tempest]]/[[w:Pontiac LeMans#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac LeMans]] (1962-1963) added to B-&amp; C-body mix 1961-63; replaced by [[w:General Motors B platform|Chevrolet B-body]] for 1964; [[w:GM H platform (RWD)|GM H platform (RWD)]]: [[w:Chevrolet Vega|Chevrolet Vega]] (1975), [[w:Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]] (1975-1976), [[w:Pontiac Astre|Pontiac Astre]] (1975), [[w:Pontiac Sunbird#First generation (1976–1980)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1976), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#Second generation (1975–1980)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (H-body) (1976), [[w:Buick Skyhawk#First generation (1975–1980)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1976); [[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971-1973); [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1936-1942, 1954-1958); [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963); [[w:Buick Estate#1970|Buick Estate]] (1970-1973); [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962); [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1974, 1977-1978); [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1947-1949, 1953-1958); [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1936-1958); [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1940-1958); [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970); [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1964-1974); [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1974, 1977-80); [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1964-1974, 1977-1980); [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1970, 1977-1978); [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1941-63); [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965); [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966); [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967); [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-1970, 1972-1973); [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1973); [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1949-1953, 1955-1958); [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-1968); [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-68); [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1960, 1962, 1966); [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961); [[w:Cadillac Deville#Fifth generation (1977–1984)|Cadillac Deville]] (1979-1980).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:St. Catharines Components Plant|St. Catharines Components Plant]]||[[w:St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||Engine components&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions&lt;br /&gt;Transmission components&lt;br /&gt;Starter motors&lt;br /&gt;Alternators&lt;br /&gt; Final drive assemblies&lt;br /&gt; Axles&lt;br /&gt;Steering wheels&lt;br /&gt;Steering gear&lt;br /&gt;Shock absorbers&lt;br /&gt;Brakes&lt;br /&gt;Bearings&lt;br /&gt;Horns&lt;br /&gt;Vehicle Radios&lt;br /&gt;Fractional horsepower motors for appliances||1929||2010||Was located at 285 Ontario Street. Originally McKinnon Dash and Metal Work Ltd., which opened this site in 1900. In 1917, the company was renamed McKinnon Industries, Ltd. Taken over by GM on March 29, 1929. In 1963, fractional horsepower motors for appliances were moved to the GM Diesel plant in London, Ontario. In 1964, vehicle radios, horns, and shocks were moved to the Scarborough plant followed by propshafts in 1966. In 1969, McKinnon Industries Ltd. was integrated into GM Canada rather than being a separate subsidiary. In 1990, the Axle Plant is officially renamed Components Plant. Permanently closed in 2010 as part of GM's restructuring plans. All operations were transferred to [[w:St. Catharines Engine Plant|St. Catharines Engine Plant]]. Some of the Components Plant was demolished in 2016 and the site will be re-developed for mixed-use residential and commercial development. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||St. Catharines Foundry||[[w:St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Casting|Iron casting]] of engine parts||1952||1995|| Was located at 285 Ontario Street. Operated as part of GM subsidiary McKinnon Industries, Ltd. until 1969 when it became &quot;General Motors of Canada Limited, St. Catharines&quot;. Aligned with GM's Central Foundry Division in 1989.  

|- 

|S &lt;br /&gt;(1952 [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]] and 1953-1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3 &lt;br /&gt;(1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:St. Louis Truck Assembly|St. Louis Truck Assembly]]||[[w:St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis, Missouri]]||United States ||[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|Chevrolet R/V]] (1987 only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|GMC R/V]] (1987 only)||1920&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.autonews.com/article/20111031/CHEVY100/310319998/built-across-the-nation|author=James B. Treece|title=Built across the nation|publisher=Autonews.com|date=October 31, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;||1987||Located at 3809 N. Union Blvd. Chevrolet had previously licensed [[w:Gardner (automobile)|Gardner Buggy Co.]] to assemble its cars in St. Louis in 1915. That was replaced by Chevrolet's own St. Louis plant on Union Blvd. Built 149,135 [[w:GMC CCKW 2½-ton 6×6 truck|GMC CCKW 6x6 trucks]] &amp; 6,748 [[w:DUKW|DUKW]] amphibious vehicles during WWII. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. St. Louis Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971. Operated 3 assembly lines: car line, truck line, and the Corvette line. 695,214 Corvettes were built from 1954-1981 in the old Fisher Body Mill Building that had been used to assemble wooden bodies in earlier years and was converted to Corvette production. First 1954 Corvette was built in St. Louis on December 28, 1953. Last Corvette built in St. Louis was built July 31, 1981. Chevy Caprice &amp; Impala production ended on August 1,  1980 and the main car line closed down. Was a Truck and Bus Group plant from 1982, only making full-size pickups. Closed August 7, 1987. The second-to-last vehicle produced was a GMC R1500 regular cab, long bed pickup while the last vehicle produced was a Chevy pickup. The old Fisher Body Mill Building where Corvettes were built was demolished in 1992. Some of the main assembly facility was demolished and the remainder was renovated to become the Union Seventy Center. The remainder of the site, roughly 118 acres, was demolished and replaced with trees, grass, a pond, &amp; new access roads. Property is now the Union Seventy Center, an industrial warehouse and distribution campus used by several different tenants. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]], [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]], [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]], &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1970), [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1969–1972|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1969-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair Forward Control]] (1961-1965), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1980), [[w:Chevrolet Corvette|Chevrolet Corvette]] (1954-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1980), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1956, 1959, 1963-1967), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1969–1972|GMC Jimmy]] (1970-1972), [[w:GMC New Design|GMC New Design]] (1953-1954), [[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1947-1955, 1967-1972)

|- 

|2||[[w:Sainte-Thérèse Assembly|Ste. Thérèse Assembly]]||[[w:Boisbriand, Quebec|Boisbriand, Quebec]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Chevrolet Camaro (fourth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (1993-2002)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firebird#Fourth generation (1993–2002)|Pontiac Firebird]] (1993-2002)||1966||2002||Located at 2500 Boulevard De la Grande-Allée. &lt;br /&gt;Past models:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1987-90)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1988-1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Fifth-generation (intermediate) 1978–1988|Oldsmobile Cutlass/Cutlass Supreme]] (1978-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile Cutlass 442]] (1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Seventh generation (1982–1986)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1983-86)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Fifth generation (1978–1987)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1978-1981, 1983-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#1986|Pontiac Grand Prix 2+2]] (1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Vega|Chevrolet Vega]] (1973-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Astre|Pontiac Astre]] (1973-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]] (1975-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#First generation (1976–1980)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#Second generation (1975–1980)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1975-77)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skyhawk#First generation (1975–1980)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1975-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1967-70)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1970-1972)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1971).  

Plant demolished and site re-developed as a commercial and residential site known as Faubourg Boisbriand and the Centre for Sports Excellence. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Strasbourg Transmission||[[w:Strasbourg|Strasbourg]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L45/6L50]] 6-speed RWD automatic transmissions||1968||2013||Past products: [[w:GM 5L40-E transmission|5L40]], [[w:GM 4L30-E transmission|4L30]], [[w:Turbo-Hydramatic 180|TH180/3L30]] RWD automatic transmissions 

Also supplied 4-, 5-, &amp; 6-speed RWD auto. transmissions to [[w:BMW|BMW]].&lt;br /&gt; Also supplied 3-speed RWD auto. transmissions to Fiat, Peugeot ([[w:Peugeot 604|604]]), &amp; Rover ([[w:Rover SD1|SD1]]). 

Sold to Punch Metals International in 2013, which renamed the unit as Punch Powerglide Strasbourg.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2012/12/general-motors-sells-strasbourg-plant-to-punch-metals-international/|title = General Motors Sells Strasbourg Plant to Punch Metals International|author=Alex Luft|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = 22 December 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2014, Punch Powerglide Strasbourg began producing [[w:ZF 8HP transmission|8HP 8-speed automatic transmissions]] for [[w:ZF Friedrichshafen|ZF Friedrichshafen]] in addition to the GM 6L50 6-speed automatic transmission. In 2023, Punch Powerglide Strasbourg was renamed Dumarey Powerglide Strasbourg.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors Suisse AG||[[w:Biel|Biel]]||[[w:Switzerland|Switzerland]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] 1936-1941, 1946-1968&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What's Wrong With This Picture? And What's Very Right With the Other Ones? They Do Things a Bit Differently In Switzerland|date=15 August 2020 |at=see 20th comment down from 8-15-20 5:59 pm|url=https://www.curbsideclassic.com/blog/qotd/whats-wrong-with-this-picture-and-whats-very-right-with-the-other-ones-they-do-things-a-bit-differently-in-switzerland/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] 1937-1939, 1946-1959 (None produced in 1955-1956)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] 1936-1940, 1947-1958&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]] 1936-1940, 1946-1958&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] 1936 &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]] 1938-1940&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]] 1936-1941, 1950-1975&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] 1936-1940, 1946-1971&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Ranger (automobile)#Europe|Ranger]] 1970-1975  ||1936||1975|| First car off the line was a [[w:Buick Series 40|Buick Model 41]] on February 5, 1936. Other prewar cars built include the [[w:Buick Series 90|Buick Series 90]] &amp; [[w:Opel P4|Opel P4]]. GM rented the factory from the city council until they bought it on Feb. 20, 1947. Closed August 14, 1975. Last car was an [[w:Opel Rekord D|Opel Rekord D]]. A total of 329,864 cars were assembled. Regular as well as customized vehicles in small series were made like drawing vehicles for the [[w:Swiss Armed Forces|Swiss Armed Forces]]: An open 6-seater [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] Platform combined with an Opel 2.5L I-6 cylinder; after World War II those &quot;Swiss&quot; cars were also offered to the public as limousines. As well, GM produced luxury upgraded vehicles for the European market like the [[w:Opel Kapitän|Opel Kapitän]], [[w:Opel Rekord P1#Swiss assembly|Rekord]] &quot;Ascona Edition&quot;, and the Kadett-based [[w:Opel Kadett B#Opel Ascona (modified Kadett B assembled in Biel, Switzerland)|Opel Ascona 1700]] up to the early 1970s. The [[w:Ranger (automobile)#Europe|Ranger]] was invented by using [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] structures on an [[w:Opel Rekord C|Opel Rekord C]] body. Also built the first generation [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova]], &amp; the [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa). Also built the [[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]] and the special Victor Riviera as well as the [[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]] and [[w:Vauxhall Viscount|Vauxhall Viscount]]. Afterwards the plant was used as GM's European central spare parts warehouse until 1992. Most buildings still exist, they now house a [[w:Coop (Switzerland)|Coop]] mall. &amp;nbsp;  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||SynergyCells||[[w:New Carlisle, Indiana|New Carlisle, Indiana]]||United States||Was supposed to make NCA (Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide) type lithium-ion battery cells for EV's||Was scheduled to open in 2027|| || Originally owned and constructed by SynergyCells, a 49.99/50.01 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:Samsung SDI|Samsung SDI]] established in 2024. GM sold its stake in the plant to partner Samsung SDI in 2026 before the plant opened. Located at 56115 Larrison Road (also referred to as 31949 SR 2)

|- 

|T||[[w:General Motors India|Talegaon]]||[[w:Talegaon|Talegaon]], [[w:Pune district|Pune district]], [[w:Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark|Chevrolet Spark]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Beat|Chevrolet Beat]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Sail U-VA]] (hatchback)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail|Chevrolet Sail]]||2008||2020||Part of [[w:General Motors India|GM India]]. Production began in September 2008. Closed December 24, 2020. [[w:Hyundai Motor India|Hyundai Motor India]] signed a deal to buy the Talegaon plant from GM in August 2023 and completed the deal to buy the plant in January 2024. After extensive renovations and upgrades, Hyundai reopened the plant in October 2026. The Hyundai plant now includes an engine plant in addition to the vehicle assembly plant. 

|- 

|T (1953-1996)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2 (1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:North Tarrytown Assembly|North Tarrytown Assembly]]||[[w:Sleepy Hollow, New York|North Tarrytown, New York]]||United States||Past models:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 490|Chevrolet 490]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K (Gen.1)]] (1960-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|Chevrolet C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1950, 1952, 1963-1964, 1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]] (1975-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1980-1985)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Ventura#1971–1977|Pontiac Ventura]] (1975-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Phoenix#First generation (1977–1979)|Pontiac Phoenix (rwd X-body)]] (1978-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Phoenix#Second generation (1980–1984)|Pontiac Phoenix (fwd X-body)]] (1980-1984)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1985-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Buick Skylark (rwd X-body)]] (1976-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark#Fifth generation (1980–1985)|Buick Skylark (fwd X-body)]] (1980-1983)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1985-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lumina APV|Chevrolet Lumina APV]] (1990-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lumina Minivan|Chevrolet Lumina Minivan]] (1994-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Trans Sport#First generation (1990-1996)|Pontiac Trans Sport]] (1990-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Silhouette#First generation (1990–1996)|Oldsmobile Silhouette]] (1990-1996) ||1918 (as part of GM)||1996|| Located at 199 Beekman Avenue. Originally built by [[w:Mobile Company of America|Mobile Company of America]]. In 1904, plant was sold to Maxwell-Briscoe, which later became [[w:Maxwell Motor Company|Maxwell Motor Company]]. Chevrolet bought the complex in 1914, before Chevrolet was part of GM. The first Chevrolet produced in Tarrytown was the [[w:Chevrolet 490|Chevrolet 490]]. The plant became part of GM when Chevrolet became part of GM in 1918. The Fisher Body side of the plant became part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division during World War II and assembled the wings, center section, trailing edges, motor mount, cabin, windshield, &amp; upholstery for Avenger bombers &amp; Wildcat fighters. Built the 50 millionth Chevrolet, a white 1963 Impala SS on June 10, 1963. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Tarrytown Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Passenger car production ended on Feb. 3, 1989. Plant joined Truck and Bus Group for 1990 when it was converted to build GM's new trio of fwd minivans. Plant closed in June 1996. Minivan production moved to [[w:Doraville Assembly|Doraville Assembly]] for 1997. North Tarrytown changed its name to Sleepy Hollow in December 1996. Plant was demolished. Site being redeveloped as Edge-on-Hudson, a mixed use residential/retail/office/park space.  

|-

|H||[[w:General Motors Thailand|General Motors Thailand]] Ltd.||Pluak Daeng, [[w:Rayong province|Rayong province]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Chevrolet Colorado|Chevrolet/Holden Colorado]] (RC/RG) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#RG|Chevrolet/Holden Trailblazer &amp; Holden Colorado 7]] (RG)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Chevrolet Optra]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Daewoo Kalos|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Daewoo Winstorm|Chevrolet/Holden Captiva]]||2000||2020||Past Models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999)|Opel/Vauxhall/Chevrolet Zafira]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999)|Holden Zafira (TT)]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Subaru Traviq|Subaru Traviq]], [[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Isuzu D-Max]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:Alfa Romeo 156|Alfa Romeo 156]] [https://www.just-auto.com/news/thailand-gm-to-make-alfa-156-in-thailand/]&lt;br /&gt; Sold to [[w:Great Wall Motors|Great Wall Motors]] in 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/09/sale-of-gm-rayong-plant-to-great-wall-motors-confirmed/|title=Sale of GM Rayong Plant to Great Wall Motors Confirmed|author=Sam McEachern|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date=30 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors Thailand|General Motors Powertrain (Thailand) Ltd.]]||Pluak Daeng, [[w:Rayong province|Rayong province]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||2.5L ([[w:List of VM Motori engines#R 425 DOHC|R 425 DOHC]]) &amp; 2.8L ([[w:List of VM Motori engines#R 428 DOHC|R 428 DOHC]] &amp; [[w:List of VM Motori engines#A 428 DOHC|A 428 DOHC]]) turbodiesel I4 engines||2011||2020|| Sold to [[w:Great Wall Motors|Great Wall Motors]] in 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/09/sale-of-gm-rayong-plant-to-great-wall-motors-confirmed/|title=Sale of GM Rayong Plant to Great Wall Motors Confirmed|author=Sam McEachern|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date=30 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||Three Rivers||[[w:Three Rivers, Michigan|Three Rivers]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Rwd Automatic transmissions, propshafts||1979||1994||Located at 1 Manufacturing Way (formerly 1 Hydramatic Drive) off W. Hoffman St. GM bought the closed plant from Continental Can Co. Part of GM St. Joseph County Operations &amp; GM Hydramatic Division. The Hydramatic Division merged with the GM Engine Division to form GM Powertrain in 1991-1992. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Inc.]] in 1994. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toledo Transmission|Toledo Transmission]]||[[w:Toledo, Ohio|Toledo, Ohio]]||United States||Transmissions, Gears||1916||1957||Located at 900 W. Central Ave. Acquired from Warner Gear Co. by Chevrolet in 1916 before Chevrolet was part of GM. The plant became part of GM when Chevrolet became part of GM in 1918. During WWII, produced truck transfer cases and transmissions for four- and six-wheel-drive military trucks. Replaced by the current Toledo Transmission plant on Alexis Road in 1956. A brick smokestack that says &quot;CHEVROLET&quot; on it is a remnant of this plant and can still be seen today at the intersection of Maplewood Ave. and Arcadia Ave. It is similar to the more famous smokestack that says &quot;OVERLAND&quot;, a remnant of the old Willys-Overland Jeep plant, which is only a short distance away from the Chevrolet smokestack. 

|- 

|M||Toluca Assembly||[[w:Toluca|Toluca]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]]||1995&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Thomas H. Klier, James Rubenstein|title=Mexico’s Growing Role in the Auto Industry Under NAFTA: Who Makes What and What Goes Where|url=https://www.chicagofed.org/publications/economic-perspectives/2017/6.|publisher=Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Economic Perspectives, Vol. 41, No. 6|at=see table 11 and footnotes right under table 11|date=September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;||2008||[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|Chevrolet/GMC C3500HD]] (US: 2001-2002), [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|Chevrolet Silverado]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tonawanda Forge||[[w:Tonawanda (town), New York|Tonawanda]], [[w:New York (state)|New York]]||United States||Forged metal components||c.1950||1994||Located at 2390-2392 Kenmore Ave. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Inc.]] in 1994. Closed in 2008, subsequently demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tonawanda Foundry||[[w:Tonawanda (town), New York|Tonawanda]], [[w:New York (state)|New York]]||United States||[[w:Casting|Iron castings]] of engine parts, brake drums. ||1954||1984||Was located on River Road. Was a Chevrolet Foundry. Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. &amp;nbsp; 

|- 

|Z||General Motors Turkiye Ltd.||[[w:Torbali|Torbali]], [[w:Izmir Province|Izmir Province]]||[[w:Turkey|Turkey]]||[[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]] A &amp; B||1990||2000||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Converted into a spare parts warehouse. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ultium#Production|Ultium Cells LLC - Lansing]]||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||Was supposed to make Ultium lithium-ion battery cells for EV's||Was scheduled to open in late 2024 or in 2025|| || Originally owned and constructed by Ultium Cells LLC, a 50/50 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:LG Energy Solution|LG Energy Solution]]. This was supposed to be Ultium Cells' third plant but GM sold its stake in the plant to partner LG Energy Solution in 2025 before the plant opened. Located at 7111 Davis Hwy. It is adjacent to GM's Lansing Delta Township Assembly plant.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors Uruguaya SA||[[w:Sayago|Sayago]], [[w:Montevideo|Montevideo]]||[[w:Uruguay|Uruguay]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]]||1962||1986||  

|- 

|L (1953-1992)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;20 (1947-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Van Nuys Assembly|Van Nuys Assembly]]||[[w:Van Nuys, California|Van Nuys, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro]] (1967-1971, 1978-1992)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firebird|Pontiac Firebird]] (1968-1971, 1978-1992) ||1947||1992||Located at 8000 Van Nuys Blvd. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Van Nuys Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Demolished in 1993. Redeveloped into &quot;The Plant&quot;, a retail and industrial complex that also includes LAPD and LAFD stations.&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Buick Apollo|Buick Apollo]] (1973-1975), [[w:Buick Skylark#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Buick Skylark]] (1975-1977), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1948-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1969), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964, 1970-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1963, 1965-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960, 1964, 1970-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]] (1972-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952, 1955, 1959), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1971-1972), [[w:Oldsmobile Omega|Oldsmobile Omega]] (1973-1977), [[w:Pontiac GTO#Fourth generation|Pontiac GTO]] (1974), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1971–1977 X-body compact|Pontiac Ventura]] (1972-1976)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Vauxhall - Bedford Die Plant||[[w:Bedford|Bedford]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Tools &amp; Die Manufacturing||1969||1980's||Opened May 1969. Supplemented die-making at the Luton plant. 

|-

|8 (since 1993)&lt;br /&gt;E (before 1993)||[[w:Vauxhall Ellesmere Port|Vauxhall Ellesmere Port]]||[[w:Ellesmere Port|Ellesmere Port]], [[w:Cheshire|Cheshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Opel Astra#K|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] K (5-door, Sports Tourer)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#J|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] J (5-door, Sports Tourer)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#H|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] H&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] G&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] F&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett E|Opel Kadett E]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra#Second generation (1984–1991)|Vauxhall Astra Mk II]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Belmont|Vauxhall Belmont]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Kadett Combo (Combo A; 1986)|Opel Kadett Combo/Bedford Astravan &amp; Astramax]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Astra#First generation (1980–1984)|Vauxhall Astra Mk I]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Chevette|Vauxhall Chevette]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Chevanne|Bedford Chevanne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Firenza|Vauxhall Firenza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Magnum|Vauxhall Magnum]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra C (2002–2010)|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Third generation (TR; 1995)|Holden Astra (TR)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Seventh generation (BK, BL; 2016)|Holden Astra (BK)]] (wagon)&lt;br /&gt;Vauxhall Viva OHV Inline-4&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors 54° V6 engine|General Motors 54° V6 engine]]||1962||2017|| [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall plant]]. &lt;br /&gt;Also made engines, transmissions, axles, &amp; other components. Component production began in November 1962. Vehicle production began with the Viva on June 1, 1964. Engine production ended in 2004. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. Absorbing production of electric midsize vans from Luton van plant following Luton's closure on March 28, 2025.

|- 

|7 (since 1993)&lt;br /&gt;V (before 1993)||Vauxhall Luton (car plant)||[[w:Luton|Luton]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Vauxhall Carlton|Vauxhall Carlton]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cavalier|Vauxhall Cavalier]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Ventora|Vauxhall Ventora]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viscount|Vauxhall Viscount]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX4/90|Vauxhall VX4/90]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX Series|Vauxhall VX Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Wyvern|Vauxhall Wyvern]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Envoy (automobile)#Vauxhall Victor based models|Envoy F/FB/FC/FD]]&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet Bedford AC/LQ&lt;br /&gt;Bedford WHG/WLG/WS/VYC/AS/WT/BYC/K/[[w:Bedford M series|MS/ML]]/OS/OL/[[w:Bedford OB|OB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford S type|Bedford S series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford SB|Bedford SB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TA|Bedford TA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HC|Bedford HC/JC/PC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford CA|Bedford CA/Envoy EA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford CF|Bedford CF/CF1/Opel Bedford Blitz]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA|Bedford HA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Slant-4 engine|Vauxhall Slant-4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Vauxhall OHV Inline-6&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Churchill tank|Churchill tank]] ||1905 (operations began)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1925 (part of GM)||2002|| Vauxhall moved from London to Luton in 1905. GM bought Vauxhall in 1925. Chevrolet truck production was moved to Luton in 1930 from the Hendon plant and became known as Chevrolet Bedford. Chevrolet Bedford trucks were replaced by Vauxhall-developed Bedford trucks during 1931 though Chevrolet Bedford production continued through 1932. Bedford trucks and buses were built at Luton until production was moved to Dunstable in 1955. Subsequently, only Bedford vans and car-based light commercial vehicles were still made in Luton. Produced Churchill tanks during World War II. Production ended in 2002 with the [[w:Vauxhall Vectra|Vauxhall Vectra]]. Over 7.4 million vehicles had been produced. The Luton passenger car plant was next to the at the time still active van plant previously used by the IBC Vehicles joint venture. The plant has now been demolished and the site is now being redeveloped for housing.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.lutontoday.co.uk/news/politics/redevelopment-of-former-vauxhall-site-given-the-go-ahead-1-5795094|work=Luton Today|title=Redevelopment of former Vauxhall site given the go-ahead|date=8 Jan 2014|access-date=29 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is being redeveloped into a new Luton suburb called [[w:Napier Park|Napier Park]]. The van plant was closed in 2025 by Stellantis. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM de Venezuela&lt;br /&gt;Caracas||[[w:Antimano|Antimano]], [[w:Caracas|Caracas]]||[[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]]||[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Thriftmaster/Loadmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]] ||1948||1983||Plant closed in 1983 &amp; GM moved to the newer Valencia plant that it bought from Chrysler in 1979.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Venezolana&lt;br /&gt;Mariara||[[w:Mariara|Mariara]], [[w:Carabobo|Carabobo]]||[[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|Chevrolet C3500]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet F-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Giga|Chevrolet E-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;||2008||2015||Plant closed in 2015 &amp; N-Series moved to Valencia plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Venezolana&lt;br /&gt;Valencia||[[w:Valencia, Carabobo|Valencia]], [[w:Carabobo|Carabobo]]||[[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]]||[[w:Chevrolet Astra|Chevrolet Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Chevrolet Century]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Latin America|Chevrolet Chevette]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|Chevrolet Grand Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona#Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Chevrolet Optra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2011)|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spark|Chevrolet Spark]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe|Chevrolet Tahoe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet TrailBlazer#First generation (KC; 2001)|Chevrolet TrailBlazer]] ||1979||2017||Originally built by Chrysler de Venezuela SA. GM bought the plant from Chrysler in 1979 and moved their entire operations there from the Caracas plant by 1983. &lt;br /&gt; 

There had already been production pauses because of part shortages between 2014 and 2016. On May 2, 2017 GM announced the total closure of the plant and deconsolidation of the Venezuelan unit from its accounts due to the illegal seizure of its factory by the Venezuelan government. The plant halted all of its operations of manufacturing vehicles and now only retains the GM brands representation.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.semana.com/internacional/articulo/general-motors-cierra-operaciones-en-venezuela/244829|title=General Motors concreta el cierre de sus operaciones en Venezuela|website=Semana.com|date=May 2, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/internacional/2017/04/20/actualidad/1492679446_631610.html|title=General Motors suspende operaciones en Venezuela tras el embargo de una planta|newspaper=El País|date=April 20, 2017|via=elpais.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/generalmotors-cierre-operaciones-venezuela-negocios.html|title=General Motors inicia cierre de operaciones en Venezuela|website=El Comercio|date=May 2, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Vietnam|GM Vietnam]]||[[w:Hanoi, Vietnam|Hanoi]]||[[w:Vietnam|Vietnam]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Second generation (M200, M250; 2005)|Chevrolet Spark Lite]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Chevrolet Spark]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2011)|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Vivant|Chevrolet Vivant]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Cielo|Daewoo Cielo]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Daewoo Lacetti]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lanos|Daewoo Lanos]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Leganza|Daewoo Leganza]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Magnus|Daewoo Magnus]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Matiz|Daewoo Matiz]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Nubira|Daewoo Nubira]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Damas|Daewoo Damas]]||1995||2018||Originally established as VIDAMCO (a joint venture with a state owned co.) in 1993 by Daewoo Motor Co. Daewoo bought out its Vietnamese partner in April 2000, making VIDAMCO 100% owned by Daewoo Motor Co. Bought by GM in 2002 as part of the creation of [[w:GM Daewoo|GM Daewoo Auto &amp; Technology Co.]] In July 2011, the name of the company was changed from VIDAMCO to GM Vietnam. Sold to [[w:VinFast|VinFast]] in 2018. [[w:VinFast Fadil|VinFast Fadil]] produced under license from GM; is a rebadged [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Fourth generation (M400; 2015)|Chevrolet Spark (M400)]]/[[w:Opel Karl|Opel Karl]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Warren Transmission|Warren Transmission]]||[[w:Warren, Michigan|Warren, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission|6T70, 6T75, 6T80]] ||1958||2020||Located at 23500 Mound Road. Past transmissions: [[w:GM 4T60-E transmission|4T65-E]], [[w:List of GM transmissions#Hybrid and PHEV|5ET50 EVT]] 

Plant originally built in 1941 as a US Navy Ordnance facility operated by the Hudson Motor Car Co. building 20mm Oerlikon anti-aircraft guns. In 1943, the Navy moved the contract from Hudson to Westinghouse, which now operated the Warren plant for the Navy. Ford bought the plant in 1946 and used it to produce axles and ball joints. GM bought the plant in 1958.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2022/01/old-gm-warren-transmission-plant-set-to-be-demolished/|title = Old GM Warren Transmission Plant Set To Be Demolished|author=Sam McEachern|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date=January 25, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; The plant became a Chevrolet facility making auto parts. It also made artillery shells in the 1960's and 1970's. The factory was transferred to the Hydramatic Division in 1980, later becoming part of GM Powertrain. [https://nadc1.com/?portfolio=gm-paint-shop-strip-out] Ended production on August 1, 2019. Reopened for production of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic beginning in March 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2020/06/08/gm-warren-transmission-plant-coronavirus/3135789001/|title = GM revived Warren plant for face mask production. What happens when demand slows?|author=Jamie LaReau|publisher=Detroit Free Press|date=June 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;. First face mask produced March 27, 2020. Sold to a developer in 2021.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Welch Motor Car Company|Welch]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Welch automobiles||1909||1911||Welch Motor Car Company became affiliated with GM in 1909 and GM officially took it over in 1910. Welch ended production in 1911. Welch was noted for having engines with a single overhead cam and hemispherical combustion chambers, unusual technology for its time.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Welch Motor Car Company|Welch-Detroit]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Welch-Detroit automobiles||1910||1911||The Welch Company of Detroit was a separate company from the Welch Motor Car Company of Pontiac, Michigan and was set up in June 1909 to build a smaller, cheaper car than the Welch made in Pontiac, Michigan. Both Welch companies became affiliated with GM in 1909 and GM officially took over both companies in 1910. Both Welch and Welch-Detroit ended production in 1911. Equipment from the factory was moved to the also GM-owned, former Rainier Motor Car Company factory in Saginaw to make the 1912 Marquette, which was said to be a combination of the previous Rainier and Welch-Detroit brands.

|-

|W||[[w:Willow Run Assembly|Willow Run Assembly]]||[[w:Ypsilanti Township, Michigan|Ypsilanti Twp, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Fourth generation (1991–1996)|Chevrolet Caprice]] sedan &amp; wagon (1991-1993) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#Third generation (1991–1992)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] wagon (1991-1992)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Roadmaster#1991–1996|Buick Roadmaster Estate wagon]] (1991-1993)||1956||1993||Located at 2625 Tyler Road, to the south of the former Willow Run Transmission plant. Initially opened in 1956 to exclusively build Chevrolet trucks in a 500,000 sq. ft. building that had been used as a warehouse by GM and was previously used by Kaiser-Frazer's engineering dept. [https://aadl.org/aa_news_19561208-chevrolet_willow_run_truck_plant_gains_momentum] In 1958-59, plant was expanded into a 2-part Chevrolet &amp; Fisher Body passenger car assembly plant to make the Chevrolet Corvair. First completed 1960 Corvair rolls off the line on July 7, 1959 [https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=792700342891740&amp;set=a.453129043515540]. Added the Chevy II (Nova) for 1962. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Willow Run Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971. Idled in Nov. 1978. Converted in 1978-79 to build the fwd X-body compacts for 1980. Began building fwd X-cars on January 17, 1979. In 1984, joined the new BOC group in preparation for its conversion to build the new fwd H-body full-size cars for 1986. Final H-car built on May 19, 1989 and in September, moved to the CPC group. Converted to build the body-on-frame, rwd B-body for 1991. Chevy Caprice sedan production began in January 1990 followed by station wagons in July. Closed July 1993. B-body production consolidated in Arlington, TX. Assembly plant was 2.5 million sq. ft. when it closed. The Willow Run Assembly Plant is now the Willow Run Business Center, a multi-tenant warehouse and distribution facility, part of which is leased by GM to distribute automotive service parts, which is known as Ypsilanti #87 Processing Center, part of GM Customer Care and Aftersales.  The nearby Willow Run Company Vehicle Operations site at 2901 Tyler Road was sold to International Turbine Industries in April 2013.&lt;ref name=WR-Assembly-sold&gt;{{cite news|author=Katrease Stafford|title=GM Willow Run plant redevelopment: Aircraft maintenance firm buys 1 building|url=https://www.annarbor.com/news/ypsilanti/gm-willow-run-plant-redevelopment-aircraft-maintenance-firm-purchases-facility-25-new-jobs-expected/|access-date=24 April 2013|newspaper=AnnArbor.com|date=April 2, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1957-1958), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Fourth generation (1955)|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1958), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-79), [[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (Canada only: 1968-71), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1971–1977 X-body compact|Pontiac &lt;br&gt; Ventura]] (1971-1977), [[w:Pontiac GTO#Fourth generation|Pontiac GTO]] (1974), [[w:Pontiac Phoenix#First generation (1977–1979)|Pontiac Phoenix (rwd &lt;br&gt; X-body)]] (1977-1979), [[w:Oldsmobile Omega|Oldsmobile Omega (rwd X-body)]] (1973-1979), [[w:Buick Skylark#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Buick Skylark (rwd &lt;br&gt; X-body)]] (1977-1978), [[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1980-1981, 1984-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile Omega#Third generation (1980–1984)|Oldsmobile Omega (fwd X-body)]] (1980-1984), [[w:Buick Skylark#Fifth generation (1980–1985)|Buick Skylark (fwd &lt;br&gt; X-body)]] (1980-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Ninth generation (1986–1991)|Oldsmobile 88]] (1986-89), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Eighth generation (1987–1991)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1987-1989).

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Willow Run Transmission|Willow Run Transmission]]||[[w:Ypsilanti, Michigan|Ypsilanti, Michigan]]||United States|| [[w:Hydramatic|Hydramatic]] automatic transmissions &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM 4L80-E transmission|4L80-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4L80-E transmission|4L85-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4T60-E transmission|4T60-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4T60-E transmission|4T65-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4T80-E transmission|4T80-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L50-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6L80 transmission|6L80-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6L90 transmission|6L90-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;||1953||2010||Began as the Ford [[w:B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] bomber plant in World War II which opened in 1941, grew from 3.5 million square feet to nearly 5 million square feet under GM. Ford built the factory and sold it to the US government, which leased it back to Ford for the duration of WWII. Ford Motor had first option on the plant after war production ended, an option it ultimately chose not to exercise. The factory was instead leased and then sold to [[w:Kaiser-Frazer|Kaiser-Frazer]] and was their main production site from 1946-1953, when they moved production to Toledo, OH following Kaiser-Frazer's acquisition of Toledo-based [[w:Willys-Overland|Willys-Overland]]. In addition to automobiles, [[w:Kaiser-Frazer|Kaiser-Frazer]] also built [[w:C-119 Flying Boxcar|C-119 Flying Boxcar]] cargo planes at Willow Run under license from [[w:Fairchild Aircraft|Fairchild Aircraft]], producing an estimated 88 C-119s between 1951 and 1953. In 1953, GM first leased then bought the plant to replace the Detroit Transmission Division factory in Livonia, Michigan that had burned down earlier in 1953. Whatever equipment could be salvaged was brought from the destroyed Detroit Transmission Division plant in Livonia to Willow Run in 1953. Also supplied Hydramatics to Lincoln, Nash, Hudson, Rambler, Kaiser, and Willys. It was also initially supplied to Rolls-Royce before Rolls-Royce set up their own Hydramatic production line in the UK building Hydramatics under license from GM. Rolls-Royce also supplied Armstrong-Siddeley and [[w: British Motor Corporation|BMC]], which in turn supplied other British automakers like Jensen that used BMC’s biggest engines. The Detroit Transmission Division became the Hydramatic Division in October 1963. The Hydramatic Division merged with the GM Engine Division to form GM Powertrain in 1991-1992. Over the years, GM expanded the plant to almost 5 million sq. ft. In addition to automatic transmissions, GM also produced the M16A1 rifle and the M39A1 20mm autocannon for the US military during the Vietnam War at Willow Run Transmission. GM Powertrain also had an on-site engineering center. The plant closed in December 2010. A small portion of the plant was saved by the [[w:Yankee Air Museum|Yankee Air Museum]] to be turned into the National Museum of Aviation and Technology at Historic Willow Run but more than 95% of the plant was demolished from 2013-2014. The rest of the site has been redeveloped into the [[w:American Center for Mobility|American Center for Mobility]], an autonomous- and connected-driving testing center which opened in December 2017.  

|-

|Y (1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-2010) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; W &lt;br /&gt; (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] &amp; [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 5 (Pre-1965 [[w:Buick|Buick]]) || [[w:Wilmington Assembly|Wilmington Assembly]] || [[w:Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington, Delaware]]||United States||[[w:Pontiac Solstice|Pontiac Solstice]] (2006-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saturn Sky|Saturn Sky]] (2007-2010) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel GT#GT (roadster) (2007–2010)|Opel GT]] (Europe: 2007-2010) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo G2X#Daewoo G2X|Daewoo G2X]] (S. Korea: 2007-2009) ||1947||2009||Located at 801 Boxwood Road. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. Wilmington began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1964. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Converted to make the Chevette small car for 1976. Switched back to making B-body full-size cars for 1985. Converted to make the fwd Chevy Corsica &amp; Beretta for 1987. Then built Corsica's replacement, Malibu, for 1997. Converted to build Saturn's 2nd model range, the Opel Vectra-based, plastic body paneled Saturn L-Series for 2000. Converted to build the rwd, Kappa platform small sports cars for 2006 beginning with the Pontiac Solstice. Final car produced was a Solstice roadster on July 28, 2009. The plant was sold to [[w:Fisker Automotive|Fisker Automotive]] in 2010, which had planned to build its [[w:Fisker Atlantic|2nd model line]] there. However, Fisker Automotive went bankrupt in Nov. 2013 before ever building any cars in Wilmington. Fisker Automotive's assets, including the Wilmington plant, were purchased out of bankruptcy by Wanxiang Group in February 2014. Wanxiang did not use the plant and sold it in 2017. Plant was demolished in 2019. A large part of the site is now an Amazon fulfillment center.&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Corsica|Chevrolet Corsica]] (1987-1996), [[w:Chevrolet Beretta|Chevrolet Beretta]] (1987-1996), [[w:Pontiac Tempest#Fourth generation (1987–1991)|Pontiac Tempest (Canada only)]] (1988-91), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1997-1999), [[w:Saturn L-Series|Saturn L-Series]] (2000-2005), [[w:Chevrolet Chevette|Chevrolet Chevette]] (1976-1984), [[w:Pontiac 1000|Pontiac 1000]] (1981-1984), [[w:Pontiac Acadian|Pontiac Acadian]] (Canada only: 1976-1984), [[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971-1973), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1962, 1971-1974), [[w:Buick Estate#1971-1976|Buick Estate]] (1972-1973, 1975), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1968-1969), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1975), [[w:Buick Limited#1958 Limited|Buick Limited]] (1958), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1948-1950, 1955-1957), [[w:Buick Skylark#Third generation (1968–1972)|Buick Skylark]] (1968-1969), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1950, 1953-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1964), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1964-1968), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1975, 1985-1986), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1964-1975, 1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1963, 1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1948-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1963), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-1963), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1960, 1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1950-1951, 1954-1957), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#First generation (1962–1964)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1960), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961) 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Windsor Transmission|Windsor Transmission]]||[[w:Windsor, Ontario|Windsor, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:GM 4T40 transmission|4T40E/4T45E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;Transmission components||1920||2010||Plant was originally in [[w:Walkerville, Ontario|Walkerville]] until Walkerville was annexed by Windsor in 1935. Was located at 1550 Kildare Road. Walker Road is at the back of the property. Previous: 1920 - 1928 axles and parts, 1928 - 1963 engines (including the [[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine|Chevrolet Stovebolt OHV inline-6 engine]] and Buick engines from 1935-1942). The Windsor plant was taken over by McKinnon Industries Ltd., a GM subsidiary based in St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada in 1963. As a result, engine production in Windsor was moved to St. Catharines and transmission production in St. Catharines was moved to Windsor. At this point, the Windsor plant was renamed the Windsor Transmission Plant. In 1969, McKinnon Industries Ltd. was integrated into GM Canada rather than being a separate subsidiary. Windsor Transmission was closed on July 28, 2010. The 4-spd. automatics made in Windsor were discontinued and replaced by 6-spd. automatics made in St. Catharines. Sold in 2014 and completely demolished by 2017. Site now occupied by MotiPark Ltd. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Windsor Trim||[[w:Windsor, Ontario|Windsor, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||Seat assemblies and door trim panels||1965||1996|| Located at 1600 Lauzon Rd. Sold to Peregrine, Inc. in 1996 and then sold to [[w:Lear Corp.|Lear Corp.]] in 1999. Closed by Lear in 2005. Demolished in 2009. Part of the property is now the [[w:WFCU Centre|WFCU Centre]] and part will be residential homes. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Wixom Performance Build Center|Wixom Performance Build Center]]||[[w:Wixom, Michigan|Wixom, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GM LS engine|6.2L LS3 V8]] [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C6)#Grand Sport|(C6 Corvette Grand Sport coupe w/manual transmission only)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine|7.0L LS7 V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine|6.2L supercharged LS9 V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Northstar engine series#LC3|4.4L supercharged LC3 Northstar V8]] ||2004||2013&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.torquenews.com/106/gm-closing-wixom-performance-engine-facility-build-your-own-engine-program-ends|title=GM Closing Wixom Performance Engine Facility, Build-Your-Own-Engine Program Ends|author=Patrick Rall|date=September 20, 2013|publisher=Torquenews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;||Located at 30240 Oak Creek Dr.&lt;br&gt; Performance Build Center relocated to &lt;br&gt; Bowling Green Assembly in 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Detroit Assembly#LaSalle Factory/DeSoto Factory|Wyoming Assembly (LaSalle Wyoming Ave. plant)]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] 1927-1933||1926||1934||Located at 6000 Wyoming Avenue. Originally built to produce Liberty aircraft engines in World War I, opening in 1917. In 1919, was taken over by Saxon Motor Co., owned by Hugh Chalmers of Chalmers Motor Co. GM bought the plant in 1926 and built the LaSalle there from 1927. GM sold Wyoming Assembly to Chrysler in 1934, which then used it to build its DeSoto brand. After the DeSoto brand was discontinued in late 1960, became Wyoming Export plant which was used to prepare vehicles for export. Plant closed in 1980. Plant was demolished in 1992.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GMC (marque)#History|Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company]]||[[w:Chicago|Chicago]], [[w:Illinois|Illinois]]||United States||Yellow Cab taxis&lt;br&gt;Yellow Coach buses&lt;br&gt;Yellocab trucks (T-1, T-2, and T-3)||1925||1928||Located on West Dickens Ave. In 1925, General Motors Truck Corp., the parent of the GMC brand, merged with Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company (including its Yellow Coach Mfg. Co. bus-making subsidiary) to form Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company, in which GM owned a majority stake of 57%. Yellocab trucks were discontinued during 1927 and were replaced with new light-duty GMC trucks (T-10 &amp; T-20). During 1928, bus and taxi production was consolidated at the GMC Pontiac Central plant in Pontiac, Michigan. The Chicago plant was closed and sold.
 
|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Yellow Sleeve-Valve Engine Works||[[w:East Moline|East Moline]], [[w:Illinois|Illinois]]||United States||Yellow-Knight engines||1925||1929||Production began in 1923. In 1925, General Motors Truck Corp., the parent of the GMC brand, merged with Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company (including its Yellow Coach Mfg. Co. bus-making subsidiary) to form Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company, in which GM owned a majority stake of 57%. The Northway Motor Division of Detroit was transferred to General Motors Truck Corp. as part of that merger but was liquidated in 1926. During 1929 and 1930, Yellow Sleeve Valve Engine production equipment was transferred from East Moline, Illinois to Pontiac West Plant 1 in Pontiac, Michigan. The East Moline plant was closed at the end of 1929 and was sold.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Yulon GM|Yulon GM]]||[[w:Miaoli|Miaoli]]||[[w:Taiwan|Taiwan]]||[[w:Buick Excelle#Taiwan|Buick Excelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick LaCrosse#China|Buick LaCrosse]]  ||2006||2012||A joint venture owned 49% by GM &amp; 51% by [[w:Yulon|Yulon Motor Co]]. Yulon bought GM's stake in the venture in Dec. 2008. Production continued after the sale through licensing but cooperation between GM &amp; Yulon ended in 2012.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors Zaire||[[w:Kinshasa|Kinshasa]]||[[w:Zaire|Zaire]] (now [[w:Democratic Republic of the Congo|D.R. Congo]])||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford Trucks]]||1975||1987||GM sold the plant in 1987 to local businessmen. Plant was looted bare in 1991.  

|}

== Former partner factories == 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 

!VIN !! Name !! City/State !! Country !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products !! Opened !! Idled !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Comments 

|- 

|H||[[w:AM General#Hummer brand|AM General]] Commercial plant||[[w:Mishawaka, Indiana|Mishawaka, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Hummer H2|Hummer H2]] (2003-2009)||2002||2009||Located at 12900 McKinley Highway. Built under contract for GM by AM General. Plant later built the [[w:Mercedes-Benz R-Class|Mercedes-Benz R-Class]] under contract for Mercedes for export to China from 2015-2017 as well as the [[w:VPG MV-1|VPG MV-1]] under contract for VPG (later Mobility Ventures MV-1; Mobility Ventures being an AM General subsidiary that took over VPG's assets after VPG went bankrupt). MV-1 was made from 2011-2016.

|- 

|E||[[w:AM General#Hummer brand|AM General]] Military plant||[[w:Mishawaka, Indiana|Mishawaka, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Hummer H1|Hummer H1]] (2000-2006)||1992 (civilian production)||2006 (civilian production)||Located at 13200 McKinley Highway. This plant built the military [[w:Humvee|Humvee]] from fall 1984 and civilian Hummers from 1992. In Dec. 1999, GM bought the rights to the Hummer brand from AM General. AM General still handled manufacturing but GM handled marketing and distribution. At this point, the AM General Hummer was renamed Hummer H1. H1 built under contract for GM by AM General. Humvee production for military use continued after 2006.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Asoke Engineering (Asoke Motors)||Bangkok?||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Plai Noi]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]||Mid-1970s||Early-1980s||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Plai Noi was assembled in Thailand in 1974.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Associated Industries Ltd.||[[w:Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]||[[w:Guyana|Guyana]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Tapir]]||Mid-1970's||Late-1970's||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Tapir was assembled in Guyana. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Associated Motor Industries Ltd.||[[w:Jurong|Jurong]] (Jurong Industrial Estate)||[[w:Singapore|Singapore]]||[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)#HQ|Chevrolet 350]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] including: &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX4/90|VX4/90]]||1968||1975||Jointly owned by Wearne Brothers Limited &amp; Motor Investments Bhd. Associated Motor Industries Ltd. assembled vehicles under license from GM beginning in 1968 as well as brands from other automakers (Austin, Morris, &amp; Renault).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Associated Motor Industries Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.||[[w:Batu Tiga|Batu Tiga]], [[w:Selangor|Selangor]]||[[w:Malaysia|Malaysia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]]&lt;br /&gt;||1968||1971 (?)||Associated Motor Industries Malaysia assembled Holden vehicles under license from GM beginning in 1968 as well as brands from other automakers.  

|- 

|C||[[w:Automobilwerk Eisenach|Automobilwerk Eisenach]] (AWE)||[[w:Eisenach|Eisenach]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra]] A&lt;br /&gt;||1990||1991||  The old [[w:Wartburg (marque)|Wartburg]] plant built vehicles for Opel for a short time before closing permanently.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Avtotor|Avtotor]]||[[w:Kaliningrad|Kaliningrad]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2010)|Chevrolet Orlando]], [[w:Chevrolet Rezzo|Chevrolet Rezzo]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000) |Chevrolet Tahoe (GMT800)]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|Chevrolet Tahoe (GMT900)]], [[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#First generation (KC; 2001)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]], [[w:Cadillac BLS|Cadillac BLS]], [[w:Cadillac CTS|Cadillac CTS]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Second generation (2001)|Cadillac Escalade (GMT800)]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Third generation (2007)|Cadillac Escalade (GMT900)]], [[w:Cadillac SRX|Cadillac SRX]], [[w:Cadillac STS|Cadillac STS]], [[w:Hummer H2|Hummer H2]], [[w:Hummer H3|Hummer H3]], [[w:Opel Antara|Opel Antara]], [[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]], [[w:Opel Insignia|Opel Insignia]], [[w:Opel Mokka#First generation (J13; 2012)|Opel Mokka]], [[w:Opel Meriva|Opel Meriva]], [[w:Opel Zafira|Opel Zafira]]||2004||2015||Built under contract by [[w:Avtotor|Avtotor]] for GM. GM ended the contract in 2015.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Azia Avto||[[w:Ust-Kamenogorsk|Ust-Kamenogorsk]]||[[w:Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2010)|Chevrolet Orlando]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker]]||2007||2018||Built under contract by Azia Avto for GM.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Bangchan General Assembly|Bangchan General Assembly]] Co., Ltd.||[[w:Khan Na Yao district|Khan Na Yao district]], [[w:Bangkok|Bangkok]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Kingswood|Holden Monaro LS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Chevrolet De Ville]]||1970||1987 (?)||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] invested in Bangchan in 1979 but then sold its stake to [[w:Honda|Honda]] in 1987. Phra Nakorn Automobile Group became sole owner of Bangchan in 2005.  

|- 

|B||[[w:Gruppo Bertone|Gruppo Bertone]]||[[w:Grugliasco|Grugliasco]]||[[w:Italy|Italy]]||[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett E (1984–1995)|Opel Kadett E convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Astra#Second generation (1984–1993)|Vauxhall Astra Mark 2 convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel/Vauxhall Astra F convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel/Vauxhall Astra G coupe &amp; convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fourth generation (TS; 1998)|Holden Astra convertible (TS)]] ||1987||2006||Built under contract by [[w:Gruppo Bertone|Gruppo Bertone]] for Opel/Vauxhall.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Central African Transport Company (CATCO)||?||[[w:Malawi|Malawi]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Zonse]]||Mid-1970's||?||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Zonse was assembled in Malawi. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Centroamericana de Ensamblaje y Fabricación||(?)||[[w:Honduras|Honduras]]||[[w:El Compadre (car)|Compadre]]||1970s||(?)||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Compadre was assembled in Honduras.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Champion Motors||[[w:Shah Alam|Shah Alam]], [[w:Selangor|Selangor]]||[[w:Malaysia|Malaysia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]] including [[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]||1968||1982 (?)||Champion Motors assembled vehicles under license from GM beginning in 1968. Champion Motors was renamed Assembly Services Sdn. Bhd. (ASSB) in 1975. The last products still being built for GM were Bedford trucks. A joint venture of Toyota &amp; [[w:UMW Holdings|UMW Holdings Bhd.]] called Sejati Motor took over ASSB in 1982. Sejati Motor was renamed UMW Toyota Motor in 1987. ASSB is a subsidiary of UMW Toyota Motor.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Chinese Automobile Co., Ltd.||[[w:Xinzhuang District|Xinzhuang District]], [[w:New Taipei City|New Taipei City]]||[[w:Taiwan|Taiwan]]||[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] F &amp; G&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel Vectra]] B ||1993||2000||GM ended the assembly contract in 2001.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fabrica Superior de Centro America S.A.||?||[[w:El Salvador|El Salvador]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Cherito]]||1973||1975||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Cherito was assembled in El Salvador. It was distributed by Auto Palace.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Fernandes Autohandel||?||[[w:Suriname|Suriname]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Moetete]]||1973||1975||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Moetete was assembled in Suriname. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GAZ|GAZ]]||[[w:Nizhny Novgorod|Nizhny Novgorod]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Second generation (T300; 2012)|Chevrolet Aveo]]||2013||2015||Built under contract by [[w:GAZ|GAZ]] for GM. GM ended the contract in 2015.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Genoto (General Otomotiv Sanayi ve Ticaret AS)||[[w:Kozyatağı|Kozyatağı]], [[w:Istanbul|Istanbul]]||[[w:Turkey|Turkey]]||[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]] including [[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK]] (KG EJR &amp; KBC 10 &amp; 570)||1965||1986||Built Bedford trucks under license from GM, sometimes rebadged as Genoto. 

|- 

|E||[[w:Heuliez|Heuliez]]||[[w:Cerizay|Cerizay]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Opel Tigra#Tigra TwinTop B (2004–2009)|Opel/Vauxhall Tigra TwinTop B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Tigra#Tigra TwinTop B (2004–2009)|Holden Tigra (XC)]]||2004||2009||Built under contract by [[w:Heuliez|Heuliez]] for Opel/Vauxhall.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]]||[[w:Uttarpara|Uttarpara]], [[w:West Bengal|West Bengal]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] models under Hindustan name including [[w:Hindustan Contessa|Hindustan Contessa]] (based on [[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]])&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] models including [[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Allison Transmission|Allison Transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Terex|Terex]]||1957 (?)||2004||Built under license by [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||INDEVESA, S.A. (Industrias Nicaraguenses De Vehiculos SA)||(?)||[[w:Nicaragua|Nicaragua]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Pinolero]]||1974||(?)||The Nicaraguan state-owned company produced a version of GM's BTV called the Pinolero.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Industrias Superior||[[w:Guatemala City|Guatemala City]]||[[w:Guatemala|Guatemala]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Chato]]||1977||1970's||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Chato was assembled in Guatemala. It was distributed by CIDEA.

|-

|3||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] Kawasaki plant||[[w:Kawasaki, Kanagawa|Kawasaki, Kanagawa]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet W-Series|Chevrolet W-Series]] (1984-1998)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC W-Series|GMC W-Series]] (1984-1998)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]] (1987-1994)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] (1995-98 FRR, 1989-96 FSR, 1992-96 FTR/FVR)||1938||2005||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] plant. Closed 2005.

|- 

|H&lt;br /&gt;(WMI: MPA)||[[w:Isuzu Motors (Thailand)|Isuzu Motors Co., (Thailand) Ltd.]] (IMCT)||Samrong Tai, [[w:Phra Pradaeng district|Phra Pradaeng district]], [[w:Samut Prakan province|Samut Prakan province]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Holden Rodeo|Holden Rodeo (RA)]]||2003||2008||Rebadged Isuzu D-Max produced by Isuzu Thailand for GM Holden in Australia and New Zealand. Replaced by the updated and renamed Holden Colorado, which was made by GM Thailand rather than Isuzu Thailand. The model name was changed because after GM sold the last of its shares in Isuzu in 2006, GM Holden lost the right to use the Rodeo name, which was owned by Isuzu, during 2008.

|-

|9||[[w:KUKA|KUKA]]||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:BrightDrop Zevo 600|BrightDrop Zevo 600]] (2022)||2021||2022||Produced under contract for GM in a limited run of less than 500 units. A temporary measure until GM's CAMI plant is ready to start building BrightDrop electric vans. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Lilpop, Rau i Loewenstein|Lilpop, Rau and Loewenstein (LRL)]]||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars, trucks, and buses&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]||1937||1939||Was located at Bema Street. Lilpop, Rau and Loewenstein was a GM distributor who also assembled vehicles from CKD kits under license from GM until the German invasion that began World War II interrupted production. The Germans took over the factory during the war and the company was nationalized by the Communist Polish govt. after the war.

|-

|N (Opel Speedster &amp;&lt;br /&gt;Vauxhall VX220)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;H (Lotus models)||[[w:Lotus Cars|Lotus Cars]]||[[w:RAF Hethel|RAF Hethel]], [[w: Hethel|Hethel]], [[w:Norfolk|Norfolk]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||

[[w:Opel Speedster|Opel Speedster]]/[[w:Vauxhall VX220|Vauxhall VX220]] (2001-2006) 7,207 units 
 

[[w:Lotus Elise|Lotus Elise]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Lotus Exige|Lotus Exige]]

||2000||2005||GM owned Lotus from 1986-1993. GM sold Lotus in 1993 to A.C.B.N. Holdings S.A. of Luxembourg, a company controlled by Italian businessman Romano Artioli, who also owned Bugatti Automobili SpA. Artioli sold Lotus to Malaysian automaker [[w:Proton Holdings|Proton]] in 1996. The Opel Speedster &amp; Vauxhall VX220 were built under contract for GM by Lotus after GM had sold Lotus. The Opel Speedster &amp; Vauxhall VX220 were based on the Lotus Elise.

|- 

|6||[[w:Magna Steyr|Magna Steyr]]||[[w:Graz|Graz]]||[[w:Austria|Austria]]||[[w:Saab 9-3#Second generation (2003–2014)|Saab 9-3 Convertible]] (2004-2010)||2003||2009||Built under contract by [[w:Magna Steyr|Magna Steyr]] for GM-owned Saab Automobile AB. 9-3 Convertible production was moved to Saab's own plant in Trollhattan, Sweden in January 2010.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:de:McCairns Motors|McCairns Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Dublin Docklands|Dublin Docklands]], [[w:Dublin|Dublin]] and [[w:Santry|Santry]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Republic of Ireland]]||[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]||1935||1975||McCairns Motors was the local assembler and distributor for Vauxhall and Bedford in Ireland. Assembly began at Dublin Port on Alexandra Road in November 1935. In 1951, car assembly moved to a larger plant in Santry. McCairns also assembled and sold other brands like Simca, Alfa Romeo, and Mitsubishi Fuso. Production ended due to Ireland joining the European Economic Community in 1973 and the end of tariffs on imports of completely built-up vehicles. This removed the need for local assembly in Ireland. McCairns Motors used the site in Santry until 1987. The Omni Park shopping center now stands where the assembly plant in Santry used to be.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Mercury Marine|Mercury Marine]]||[[w:Stillwater, Oklahoma|Stillwater, Oklahoma]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)#LT5|5.7L LT5 DOHC V8 engine]] (For 1990-1995 C4 Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1)||1989||1993||Engine was built for GM by Mercury Marine at their existing MerCruiser marine engine plant in Stillwater. 21,000 square feet of the 650,000 square foot plant was partitioned from the rest of the plant for assembly of this engine. LT5 engine production actually ended in 1993. Extra engines were built to be sufficient for Corvette ZR-1 production through 1995. The extra engines were sealed and crated for long-term storage and were shipped to the Corvette plant in Bowling Green, Kentucky and stored there until they were needed for installation in a '94 or '95 Corvette ZR-1. &lt;br&gt; Plant was located at 3003 N Perkins Rd. Closed in December 2011. Sold in 2012 to Belgium-based aerospace supplier Asco Industries.  

|- 

|H||[[w:Navistar|Navistar]] - Springfield Assembly Plant (Main Line)||[[w:Springfield, Ohio|Springfield, Ohio]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Medium duty version (4500HD, 5500HD, 6500HD, and International CV)|Chevrolet Silverado Medium Duty (2019-2026)&lt;br /&gt;International CV]] (2019-2026)||2019||2026||Located at 6125 Urbana Road. Jointly developed by GM &amp; Navistar. Built under contract by [[w:Navistar|Navistar/International Motors]] for GM. Contract with GM ended Sept. 30, 2026. Both the Silverado Medium Duty &amp; the International CV are discontinued. Plant sold to [[w:Roshel|Roshel]]. 

|- 

|N||[[w:Navistar|Navistar]] - Springfield Assembly Plant (Secondary Line)||[[w:Springfield, Ohio|Springfield, Ohio]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Chevrolet Express|Chevrolet Express]] cutaway (2017-2026),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Savana|GMC Savana]] cutaway (2017-2026) ||2017||2026||Located at 6125 Urbana Road. Built under contract by [[w:Navistar|Navistar/International Motors]] for GM. Contract with GM ended Sept. 30, 2026. For 2027, all Express and Savana production is at GM's own Wentzville Assembly Plant. Express/Savana 3500 series cutaway w/177-inch wheelbase and all Express/Savana 4500 series cutaways (159 &amp; 177 inch wheelbases) are discontinued. Plant sold to [[w:Roshel|Roshel]]. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Neal and Massy Industries Ltd.||[[w:Morvant|Morvant]]&lt;br /&gt; later moved to &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Arima|Arima]]||[[w:Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidad and Tobago]]||[[w:Holden Commodore#First generation (1978–1988)|Holden Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Kingswood|Holden Kingswood]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Chevrolet Caprice (rebadged Statesman DeVille)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series C|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]]||1966||1994 (Production for GM may have ended earlier)||Built under license by Neal and Massy for GM. Neal and Massy also assembled vehicles for Datsun (Nissan) and Mazda. Assembly operation closed in 1994. Neal and Massy (now called Massy Motors) still operates as an importer/distributor for several non-GM automotive brands.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Nexus Automotive|Nexus Automotive (Pvt.) Ltd.]]||[[w:Port Qasim|Port Qasim]], [[w:Karachi|Karachi]], [[w:Sindh|Sindh province]]||[[w:Pakistan|Pakistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Asia|Chevrolet Joy]]||2005||2006||Nexus Automotive was a GM licensed assembler and distributor. Built under contract for [[w:Nexus Automotive|Nexus Automotive]] by [[w:Ghandhara Nissan|Ghandhara Nissan]] at a plant with spare capacity.  

|- 

|K||[[w:Nissan USA#Manufacturing|Nissan Mexicana]]||[[w:Cuernavaca|Cuernavaca]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet City Express|Chevrolet City Express]] (2015-2018)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan NV200|Nissan NV200]] (2013-2021)||2014||2018||Nissan plant. 

Chevrolet City Express is a rebadged Nissan NV200 made for GM by Nissan. Chevrolet &lt;br&gt; City Express discontinued after 2018. NV200 discontinued in North America after 2021.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Nissan Motor Australia|Nissan Motor Australia]] Clayton plant||[[w:Clayton South, Victoria|Clayton South]], [[w:Victoria (state)|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Astra#First generation (LB, LC; 1984–1987)|Holden Astra (LB/LC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan Pulsar#N12 (1982)|Nissan Pulsar (N12)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Second generation (LD; 1987–1989)|Holden Astra (LD)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan Pulsar#N13 (1986)|Nissan Pulsar (N13)]]||1984 (GM prod.)||1989 (GM prod.)|| Production for GM Holden at Nissan's Australian plant was done as part of the Australian government's [[w:Button car plan|Button car plan]] for rationalization of local automotive production. The relationship ended in 1989 and GM Holden established a joint venture with Toyota called [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries|United Australian Automobile Industries]] to replace the Nissan relationship. The Nissan Pulsar-based Holden Astra was replaced by the Toyota Corolla-based Holden Nova. Nissan closed its Australian vehicle assembly plant in 1992. The Clayton plant was later taken over by HSV and the Walkinshaw Group. 

|- 

|Y||[[w:Nissan Motor Ibérica|Nissan Motor Ibérica]]||[[w:Barcelona|Barcelona]]||[[w:Spain|Spain]]||[[w:Opel Vivaro A|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro A]] (high roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Renault Trafic]] (high roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Nissan Primastar]] (high roof versions only)||2001||2015||This is a Nissan plant that built high roof versions of Renault-designed midsize vans for Opel/Vauxhall as part of a supply deal between GM Europe &amp; Renault as well as for Renault and Nissan. The low roof versions were made by Vauxhall at the IBC Vehicles/GMM Luton plant however that UK plant could not fit the high roof versions so they were built by Nissan in Spain. Van production in Barcelona ended in 2015 and high roof Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro production was moved to Renault's plant in Sandouville, France, which also handled all Renault Trafic and Nissan NV300 (Primastar replacement) production. Nissan closed this plant in Dec. 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:de:O’Shea’s Limited (Opel)|O’Shea’s Limited]]||[[w:Cork (city)|Cork]], [[w:Munster|Munster]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Republic of Ireland]]||[[w:Opel|Opel]] cars including [[w:Opel Rekord|Rekord]]||1937||1965|| Before 1962, O’Shea’s was the sole Opel assembler and distributor in Ireland. From 1962-1965, assembly and distribution of Opels in Ireland was split between Reg Armstrong Motors and O’Shea’s Limited. After 1965, Reg Armstrong Motors was the sole Opel assembler and distributor in Ireland. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||PT. Pantja Motor||[[w:Sunter, Jakarta|Sunter]], [[w:North Jakarta|North Jakarta]], [[w:Jakarta|Jakarta]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Tavera|Chevrolet Tavera]]||2001||2005||Isuzu's Indonesian assembler, now known as [[w:Isuzu Astra Motor Indonesia|Isuzu Astra Motor Indonesia]]. Built the Isuzu Panther-based Tavera for GM Indonesia.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]]||[[w:Grugliasco|Grugliasco]]||[[w:Italy|Italy]]||[[w:Cadillac Eldorado#1959–60 Eldorado Brougham|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (Series 6900)]] (1959-1960) painted bodies||1959||1960||Bodies were built by [[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]] and mated with chassis shipped to Italy by Cadillac and then shipped back to the US. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]]||[[w:San Giorgio Canavese|San Giorgio Canavese]]||[[w:Italy|Italy]]||[[w:Cadillac Allanté|Cadillac Allanté]] (1987-1993) painted bodies||1986||1993||Bodies were designed and manufactured under contract by [[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]] for Cadillac. Plant was built specially for the Allanté. Bodies were then flown from Turin, Italy to Detroit on specially equipped Boeing 747s and then trucked to GM's Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly Plant for final assembly. The assembly process was known as the &quot;Allanté Air Bridge&quot;. It was also referred to as &quot;the world's longest assembly line.&quot;

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pragoti|Pragoti Industries Ltd.]]||[[w:Sitakunda|Sitakunda]], [[w:Chittagong Division|Chittagong Division]]||[[w:Bangladesh|Bangladesh]]||[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks and buses]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]]||1966||1970's||Began as part of [[w:Ghandhara Industries|Ghandhara Industries]] Ltd. in 1966 when Bangladesh was still [[w:East Pakistan|East Pakistan]] and assembled GM vehicles like the Ghandhara plant in Karachi did. After Bangladesh became independent in 1971, the operation was nationalized by the new government and became Pragoti Industries Ltd.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:de:Reg. Armstrong Motors|Reg Armstrong Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Ringsend|Ringsend]], [[w:Dublin|Dublin]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Republic of Ireland]]||[[w:Opel|Opel]] cars including [[w:Opel Kadett|Kadett]], [[w:Opel Rekord|Rekord]], and [[w:Opel Commodore|Commodore]]||1962||1974||From 1962-1965, assembly and distribution of Opels in Ireland was split between Reg Armstrong Motors and O’Shea’s Limited. After 1965, Reg Armstrong Motors was the sole Opel assembler and distributor in Ireland. Reg Armstrong Motors also assembled the [[w:NSU Prinz|NSU Prinz]], [[w:Honda motorcycles|Honda motorcycles]], and from 1976-1978, the original [[w:Mini|Mini]] at the Ringsend plant. Production ended due to Ireland joining the European Economic Community in 1973 and the end of tariffs on imports of completely built-up vehicles. This removed the need for local assembly in Ireland. 

|-

|B (GM)||[[w:Société de Véhicules Automobiles de Batilly|Renault Batilly]]||[[w:Batilly, Meurthe-et-Moselle|Batilly]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Renault Trafic#First generation (1980)|Opel/Vauxhall Arena]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#First generation (1980)|Renault Trafic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master#Second generation (1997)|Opel/Vauxhall Movano A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master#Third generation (2010)|Opel/Vauxhall Movano B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master|Renault Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master#Renault Mascott|Renault Trucks Mascott]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan Interstar|Nissan Interstar]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan NV400|Nissan NV400]]||1997||2017||Renault-[[w:Société de Véhicules Automobiles de Batilly|SOVAB]] plant. Opel/Vauxhall was sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. As part of PSA Group, Opel/Vauxhall became part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] in 2021. Movano switched to being PSA/Fiat-based instead of Renault-based in 2021.

|- 

|S (GM)||[[w:Sandouville Renault Factory|Renault Sandouville]]||[[w:Sandouville|Sandouville]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro]] B (high roof versions only) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Renault Trafic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan NV300|Nissan NV300]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Nissan Primastar]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Fiat Talento]]||2014||2017||Renault plant. Opel/Vauxhall was sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Vivaro switched to being PSA-based instead of Renault-based in 2018. As part of PSA Group, Opel/Vauxhall became part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] in 2021.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Renault Argentina|Renault Santa Isabel]]||[[w:Santa Isabel, Córdoba|Santa Isabel]], [[w:Córdoba Province, Argentina|Cordoba]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||[[w:Chevrolet D-20|Chevrolet C-20 &amp; D-20]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|Chevrolet Grand Blazer]] (GMT400)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K#1997–2001|Chevrolet Silverado]] (GMT400)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#South America|Chevrolet Trafic/SpaceVan]] ||1991||2002||[[w:Renault Argentina|Renault Argentina]]-CIADEA plant. Built Chevrolets under license for GM. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Sevel Argentina|Sevel Argentina]]||[[w:Córdoba, Argentina|Estación Ferreyra, Córdoba]], [[w:Córdoba Province, Argentina|Cordoba]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||[[w:Chevrolet D-20|Chevrolet C-20/D-20]]||1985||1991||Fiat - PSA jointly owned plant. Built Chevrolets under license for GM. 

|- 

|For Saab&lt;br&gt; 9-2X:&lt;br&gt; G (w/man. trans.),&lt;br&gt; H (w/auto. trans.)||[[w:Subaru#Manufacturing facilities|Subaru Main Plant]]||[[w:Ōta, Gunma|Ōta, Gunma]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Saab 9-2X|Saab 9-2X]] (2005-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Subaru Forester#Second generation (SG; 2002)|Chevrolet Forester (India)]] (2003-2007)||2003 (GM prod.)||2007 (GM prod.)||[[w:Subaru|Subaru]] plant 

|- 

|4||[[w:Subaru-Isuzu Automotive|Subaru-Isuzu Automotive]] (S.I.A.)||[[w:Lafayette, Indiana|Lafayette, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Holden Frontera#Second generation (1998)|Holden Frontera]] (UE/MX)||1999 (GM prod.)||2003 (GM prod.)||Subaru &amp; Isuzu joint venture plant. Isuzu built a rebadged, rhd version of the 2nd generation US market Isuzu Rodeo &amp; Amigo SUVs for export to GM Holden in Australia and New Zealand.

|-

|W (GM),&lt;br /&gt;4 (Suzuki)||Suzuki Iwata Assembly||[[w:Iwata, Shizuoka|Iwata, Shizuoka]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#First generation|Geo Tracker]] (US: 1989-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Sidekick|Suzuki Sidekick]] (US: 1989-1995, 1997-98)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Sidekick|Suzuki Sidekick Sport]] (US: 1996-1998)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Grand Vitara|Suzuki Grand Vitara]] (1999-2013)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki XL-7#First generation (XL-7; 1998)|Suzuki XL-7]] (2001-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Drover#Second generation (1981)|Holden Drover (QB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Scurry#Eighth generation (DA71/DB71/DA81/DA41/DB41/DA51/DB51; 1985)|Holden Scurry (NB)]]||1985 (GM prod.)||1990 (GM prod.)||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant 

|- 

|K (GM),&lt;br /&gt;5 (Suzuki)||Suzuki Kosai Assembly||[[w:Kosai, Shizuoka|Kosai, Shizuoka]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Sprint|Chevrolet Sprint]] (US: 1985-1988)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Metro|Geo Metro]] (US: 1989-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firefly|Pontiac Firefly]] (Canada)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#First generation (MB, ML; 1985–1988)|Holden Barina (MB/ML)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#Second generation (MF, MH; 1989–1994|Holden Barina (MF/MH)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus|Suzuki Swift]] (US: 1989-1994)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Ignis#Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet/Holden Cruze (YGM1)]] (YG) ||1984 (GM prod.)||2008 (GM prod.)||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant 

|- 

|M (GM),&lt;br /&gt;0 (Suzuki/Fiat/Subaru)||[[w:Magyar Suzuki Corporation|Magyar Suzuki Corporation]]||[[w:Esztergom|Esztergom]]||[[w:Hungary|Hungary]]||[[w:Opel Agila#Second generation (H08; 2007)|Opel/Vauxhall Agila B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Splash|Suzuki Splash]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Swift|Suzuki Swift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Subaru Justy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki SX4|Suzuki SX4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Fiat Sedici|Fiat Sedici]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Ignis#Suzuki Ignis (2003 facelift)|Suzuki Ignis]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Ignis#Suzuki Ignis (2003 facelift)|Subaru G3X Justy]]||1992&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2007 (GM prod.)||2014 (GM prod.)||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Suzuki Sagara Assembly &amp; Engine||[[w:Makinohara|Makinohara]], [[w:Shizuoka Prefecture|Shizuoka Prefecture]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet MW|Chevrolet MW]] (sold in Japan)&lt;br /&gt;||2000||2010||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant.&lt;br /&gt; Also built the 3.6-liter GM High Feature V6 engine ([[w:GM High Feature engine#LY7|Suzuki N36A]]) to power the [[w:Suzuki XL-7#Second generation (XL7; 2006)|2nd generation Suzuki XL7]] under license from GM. (Note: Dates reflect beginning &amp; end dates of production for GM.)  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tecna SA||[[w:Arica, Chile|Arica]]||[[w:Chile|Chile]]||[[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (1962-71 from CKD kits supplied by GM Oshawa and Willow Run)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Beaumont (automobile)|Acadian Beaumont]] (1964-71 from CKD kits supplied by GM Oshawa)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]||1962||1971||  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tecno S.A.||[[w:Uruca|La Uruca]], [[w:San José, Costa Rica|San José]]||[[w:Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|GM Amigo]]||1970s||(?)||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Amigo was assembled in Costa Rica.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Tecnomotor S.A.||(?)||[[w:Paraguay|Paraguay]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|GM Mitai]]||1970s||(?)||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Mitai was assembled in Paraguay.

|-

|9 (GM),&lt;br /&gt;6 (Fiat &amp; Ram)||[[w:Tofaş|Tofaş]]||[[w:Bursa|Bursa]]||[[w:Turkey|Turkey]]||[[w:Opel Combo#Combo D (2012-2018)|Opel/Vauxhall Combo D]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Fiat Doblo|Fiat Doblo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Ram ProMaster City|Ram ProMaster City]]||2011||2017||[[w:Fiat|Fiat]] plant (joint venture with Koç Holding of Turkey). Opel/Vauxhall was sold to PSA Group in 2017. Combo switched to being PSA-based instead of Fiat-based in 2019. As part of PSA Group, Opel/Vauxhall became part of Stellantis in 2021. Fiat and Tofaş also became part of Stellantis in 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toyota Australia|Toyota Australia]] [[w:Toyota Australia Altona Plant|Altona plant]]||[[w:Altona North|Altona North]], [[w:Victoria (state)|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Nova#Second generation (LG; 1994–1996)|Holden Nova (LG)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Corolla (E100)|Toyota Corolla (E100)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Apollo|Holden Apollo (JM/JP)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Camry (XV10)|Toyota Camry (XV10)]]||1994||1996 (GM prod.)|| Production for GM Holden at Toyota's Australian plant was done as part of [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries|United Australian Automobile Industries]], a model sharing joint venture in Australia between Holden and Toyota from 1987-1996. This was created as part of the Australian government's [[w:Button car plan|Button car plan]] for rationalization of local automotive production. Toyota consolidated its Australian production at the new Altona plant in 1994-1995. The joint venture dissolved in 1996 and Holden's rebadged Toyotas were replaced with rebadged Opel models (Astra and Vectra) from GM Europe. Corolla production in Australia ended in 1999. Toyota closed the Altona plant in 2017.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toyota Australia|Toyota Australia]] Port Melbourne plant||[[w:Port Melbourne|Port Melbourne]], [[w:Victoria (state)|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Apollo|Holden Apollo (JK/JL)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Camry#V20 (1986–1992)|Toyota Camry (V20)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Apollo|Holden Apollo (JM)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Camry (XV10)|Toyota Camry (XV10)]]||1989 (GM prod.)||1994 (GM prod.)|| Production for GM Holden at Toyota's Australian plant was done as part of [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries|United Australian Automobile Industries]], a model sharing joint venture in Australia between Holden and Toyota from 1987-1996. This was created as part of the Australian government's [[w:Button car plan|Button car plan]] for rationalization of local automotive production. Toyota consolidated its Australian production at the new Altona plant in 1994-1995 and production ended at the older Port Melbourne plant in late 1994. The joint venture would later dissolve in 1996 and Holden's rebadged Toyota Camry was replaced with a rebadged Opel Vectra from GM Europe.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||PT. Udatin (Usaha Dagang Teknik Indonesia)||[[w:Surabaya|Surabaya]], [[w:East Java|East Java]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Statesman brand HQ-HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Monaro|Holden Monaro]] HQ&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]] LJ, LH, LX&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Gemini#First generation|Holden Gemini TX, TC, TD, TE, TF, TG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]] JB&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Aska#South-East Asia and New Zealand|Holden Aska]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Gemini#Second generation|Holden Gemini (RB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VH)|Holden Commodore (VH)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VK)|Holden Commodore (VK)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VL)|Holden Calais (VL)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Holden Lincah/Raider]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC trucks]]||1959||1988||Built vehicles under contract for GM. During the 1960's, production was off and on due to Indonesian government policies and the economic situation. Production ended in 1988. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Unison||[[w:Minsk|Minsk]]||[[w:Belarus|Belarus]]||[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fourth generation (2015)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] K2XX, [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fourth generation (2015)|Cadillac Escalade]] K2XX, [[w:Opel Mokka#First generation (J13; 2012)|Opel Mokka]]||2015||2018||Built under contract by Unison for GM. Production ended in 2018.  

|- 

|6,7 (Saab)&lt;br /&gt;9 (Opel/Vauxhall)||[[w:Valmet Automotive|Valmet Automotive]]||[[w:Uusikaupunki|Uusikaupunki]]||[[w:Finland|Finland]]||[[w:Saab 9-3#First generation (1998–2003)|Saab 9-3 Convertible &amp; 9-3 Viggen]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 900|Saab 900]] (including 900 Convertible)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Calibra|Opel/Vauxhall Calibra]]||1969||2003||Built under contract by [[w:Valmet Automotive|Valmet Automotive]] for Saab &amp; for Opel/Vauxhall. Saab-Valmet was established in 1968 as a joint venture between Valmet and Saab-Scania. In 1992, Valmet became the sole owner, and the company was renamed Valmet Automotive in 1995.  

|- 

|X||[[w:ZAZ|ZAZ]]||[[w:Zaporizhia|Zaporizhia]] &amp; [[w:Illichivsk|Illichivsk]]||[[w:Ukraine|Ukraine]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Lanos|Chevrolet Lanos]], [[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel Astra Classic]], [[w:Opel Astra#H|Opel Astra]], [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa]], [[w:Opel Combo|Opel Combo]], [[w:Opel Meriva|Opel Meriva]], [[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]], [[w:Opel Zafira|Opel Zafira]]||2003||2012||Built under contract by [[w:ZAZ|ZAZ]] for GM.  

|- 

|}</text>
      <sha1>dogqbmmb6ybfinprq1axyslpb6v8tzw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679090</id>
      <parentid>4679089</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:18:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Current factories */</comment>
      <origin>4679090</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="445617" sha1="kpa3ml2tlhq0b6fl1uzfr3o422if6xq" xml:space="preserve">This is a '''history of [[w:General Motors|General Motors]] factories''' that are being or have been used to produce cars, vans, SUVs, trucks, buses, and automobile components.&lt;ref name=GMfacilities&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080614231130/http://www.gm.com/corporate/responsibility/environment/plants/index.jsp GM facilities map]. Retrieved on July 8, 2009.&lt;/ref&gt; The factories are sometimes idled for re-tooling. 

Originally, GM's different divisions each had their own serial number formats and plant codes. Chevrolet cars, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, and Buick unified their serial number formats and plant codes in 1965. Cadillac adopted the same unified format in 1971. Chevrolet trucks and GMC trucks unified their serial number formats in 1972. Chevrolet trucks and GMC trucks were already using the same plant codes from 1964 and those were unified with the car divisions (other than Cadillac) in 1965. Cadillac did not use plant codes before 1971 as all Cadillacs were made at Cadillac's home plant in Detroit until 1971. In 1971, Cadillacs began to be made in more than one plant so they started using plant codes, using the same codes that the other GM car divisions were using since 1965. GM Canada used the same format as GM USA from 1967.

For US-built models:

For '''Chevrolet cars including El Camino''': Plant code was the 1st or 1st 2 digits of the serial number from 1928-1952. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1953-1957 6-cylinder models. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number from 1955-1957 V8 models. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1958-1959. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number from 1960-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980.

For '''Chevrolet trucks''': Plant code was the 1st or 1st 2 digits of the serial number from 1947-1952. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1953-1954 &amp; for the 1955 1st Series models. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with 6-cylinder engines. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with V8 engines. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number from 1960-1971. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1972-1980 (including Chevy LUV).

For '''Pontiac''': Plant code was the 1st letter in the serial number from 1936-1938 for plants other than Pontiac, MI (Pontiac, MI omitted the 1st letter so the 1st position was a number rather than a letter for Pontiac, MI as Pontiac, MI didn't use a specific plant code). Plant code was the 1st position of the serial number from 1939-1958. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1959-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980.

For '''Oldsmobile''': Plant code was the 1st of 2 letters in the serial number from 1937-1940 for plants other than Lansing (Lansing omitted the 1st letter so there was only 1 letter before the numbers rather than 2 letters for Linden &amp; Southgate as Lansing didn't have a specific plant code). Plant code was the letter in the 3rd position of the serial number from 1941-1948 for plants other than Lansing (Lansing omitted the letter and didn't have a specific plant code). Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1949-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980.

For '''Buick''': Plant code was the number in the 1st position of the serial number from 1938-1953. Plant code was the number in the 3rd position of the serial number from 1954-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980 (including '76-'79 Buick Opel by Isuzu).

For '''Cadillac''': Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1971-1980. (Cadillac did not use plant codes before 1971 as all Cadillacs were made at Cadillac's home plant in Detroit until 1971.)

For '''GMC Sprint &amp; Caballero''': Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1971-1980.

For '''GMC trucks''': Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number from 1952-1954 &amp; for 1955 1st Series models with manual transmission. Plant code was the 7th position of the serial number from 1952-1954 &amp; for 1955 1st Series models with automatic transmission. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with 6-cylinder engines. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with V8 engines. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number for 1960-1966 models with 2wd and V6 or V8 engines. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number for 1960-1966 models with inline-6 engines or with 4wd. Plant code was the 7th position of the serial number from 1967-1971 (most models had a dash in the 6th position except for some models that had a special designation indicated in the 6th position). Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1972-1980.

All models from 1981 on have the plant code in the 11th position as per standardized VIN regulations. 

The above applies to Canadian-built models from 1967 on.

==Current factories== 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 

!VIN !! Name !! City/State !! Country !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products !! Opened !! Idled !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Comments 

|- 

|R (1963-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-present)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;T (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] and Pre-1960 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A (1960-1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;8 (Pre-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Arlington Assembly|Arlington Assembly]]||[[w:Arlington, Texas|Arlington, Texas]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:GMT T1XX|T1XX]] SUVs (2021-):&lt;br /&gt;
[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fifth generation (2021)|Chevrolet Tahoe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Twelfth generation (2021)|Chevrolet Suburban]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Yukon|GMC Yukon]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Yukon XL|GMC Yukon XL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fifth generation (2021)|Cadillac Escalade]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fifth generation (2021)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]]
||1954||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2525 E Abram St.&lt;br /&gt;Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. Production began on January 6, 1954. The first vehicle produced was a 1954 Pontiac Chieftain 4-door. Arlington began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1963. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Arlington began making midsize cars for 1968 but focused exclusively on midsize cars from 1971-1987. Arlington resumed making full-size cars for 1988 for the first time since 1970. Arlington focused exclusively on rwd, full-size cars from 1988-1996. When Willow Run Assembly closed in 1993, Arlington became GM's only factory still building traditional body-on-frame, rwd, full-size cars. Passenger car production ended in 1996. It's interesting to note that Arlington has never built any fwd vehicles or any unibody vehicles. Arlington was then converted to build full-size SUVs. SUV production began for 1998. Full-size pickups were also built for 1998-2000. Arlington Assembly has produced models for all of GM's primary American brands: Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Buick, Cadillac, and GMC. Arlington Assembly has produced over 13 million vehicles. A new 129,250-square-foot body shop on the plant's west side was announced in 2011 as part of retooling for the K2XX generation SUVs launched in 2014. A new stamping plant was announced in 2012 and opened in 2013 at Arlington Assembly, replacing stampings previously sourced from GM stamping plants elsewhere in the US.&lt;br /&gt; A $1.4 billion plant upgrade was completed to build the &lt;br /&gt; T1XX generation SUVs beginning in 2020. It included a new &lt;br /&gt; 1 million sq. ft. body shop &amp; a 600,000-sq. ft. extension to the paint shop. The general assembly area was also upgraded. &lt;br /&gt; Past models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM A platform (RWD)|GM A platform (RWD)]] (intermediate): [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1970-1977), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1974-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970-1981), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1974-1977), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1971-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1971-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1971-1977), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1968-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1968-1970), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1968-1970)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:General Motors G platform (1969)|GM G platform (RWD) 1982-1988]]: [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1982-1983), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1982-1984), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1982-1983), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1982-1987), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1982-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1982-1987), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1985).&lt;br /&gt; [[w:General Motors A platform (1925)|GM full-size A platform]]: [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1954-1957), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1954-1957)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM B platform|GM B platform]]: [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1960), [[w:Buick Roadmaster#1991–1996|Buick Roadmaster sedan]] (1992-1996), [[w:Buick Estate#1991–1996|Buick Roadmaster Estate wagon]] (1994-1996), [[w:Buick Special#1949–1958|Buick Special]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1970, 1988-1996), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Seventh generation (Impala SS, 1994–1996)|Chevrolet Impala SS]] (1994-1996), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1955-1964), [[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#Second generation (1977–1990)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1988-1990), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1959-1968), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1970), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-65, 1967-68), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1963, 1966), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961).&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors C platform (RWD)|GM C platform (RWD)]]: [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick Limited#1958 Limited|Buick Limited]] (1958), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1955-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1955-1958), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1954-1964) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM D platform|GM D platform]]: [[w:Cadillac Brougham|Cadillac Brougham]] (1988-1992), [[w:Cadillac Fleetwood#Rear-wheel drive 1993–1996|Cadillac Fleetwood]] (1993-1996) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMT400|GMT400]] pickups: [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1998-2000), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra]] (1998-2000).&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT400|GMT400]] SUVs: [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (1998-1999), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Tahoe Limited and Tahoe Z71|Chevrolet Tahoe Limited and Z71]] (2000), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|GMC Yukon]] (1998-1999), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#GMC Yukon Denali|GMC Yukon Denali]] (1999-2000), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#First generation (1999)|Cadillac Escalade]] (1999-2000)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT800|GMT800]] SUVs: [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (2001-2006), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000)|GMC Yukon]] (2001-2006), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Second generation (2002)|Cadillac Escalade]] (2002-2006), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Ninth generation (2000)|Chevrolet Suburban]] (2001-2005), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Ninth generation (2000)|GMC Yukon XL]] (2001-2005).&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT900|GMT900]] SUVs: [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon Denali]] (2009-2014), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Third generation (2007)|Cadillac Escalade]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|Chevrolet Suburban]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|GMC Yukon XL]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|GMC Yukon XL Denali]] (2009-2014), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Third generation (2007)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]] (2007-2014)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT K2XX|K2XX]] SUVs (2015-2020): [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fourth generation (2015)|Chevrolet Tahoe]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fourth generation (2015)|GMC Yukon]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fourth generation (2015)|Cadillac Escalade]], [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Eleventh generation (2015)|Chevrolet Suburban]], [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Eleventh generation (2015)|GMC Yukon XL]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fourth generation (2015)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]] 

|-

|U (Celestiq),&lt;br&gt; A (&quot;Curated&quot; models),&lt;br&gt; 0 (CT5-V Blackwing 20th Anniv. Ed.)||[[Artisan Center]]||[[w:Warren, Michigan|Warren, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac Celestiq|Cadillac Celestiq]] (2025-),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Escalade IQ|Cadillac Escalade IQ]] &quot;Curated by Cadillac&quot; program only (2027-)||2024||&amp;nbsp;||Located at the [[w:General Motors Technical Center|GM Global Technical Center]] in Warren, Michigan. The Celestiq will be the first production vehicle sold to the public to be built at the GM Tech Center. The Celestiq will be built by hand on a special, low-volume production line and will be highly customizable. The Celestiq will be built to order and each one will be unique.&lt;br/&gt; 

Past models: &lt;br /&gt; 2024 [[w:Cadillac CT5#CT5-V Blackwing|Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing 20th Anniversary Edition]] where the final 8 digits of the VIN are R0912004 through R0912024 or R0962004 through R0962024,&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac CT5#CT5-V Blackwing|Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing]] &quot;Curated by Cadillac&quot; program only (2026)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Bay City Powertrain]]||[[w:Bay City, Michigan|Bay City, Michigan]]||United States||Engine components including connecting rods &amp; camshafts||1916||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1001 Woodside Ave. Originally opened as National Cycle Manufacturing Co. in 1892 to make bicycles. Bought by Chevrolet in 1916 and joined GM along with Chevrolet in 1918. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Bedford Casting]]||[[w:Bedford, Indiana|Bedford, Indiana]]||United States||Cylinder heads, cylinder blocks, transmission cases, EV drive unit housings, structural components, Aluminum die casting||1942||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 105 GM Drive. 

|- 

|5||[[w:Bowling Green Assembly Plant|Bowling Green Assembly Plant]]||[[w:Bowling Green, Kentucky|Bowling Green, Kentucky]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C8)|Chevrolet Corvette (C8)]] (2020-)&lt;br /&gt; 


[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT4|LT4 supercharged V8 engine]] for:&lt;br&gt; Cadillac Escalade-V '23-&lt;br /&gt; 


[[w:Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine|LT6 V8 engine]] ('23- Corvette Z06)

[[w:Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine#LT7|LT7 twin-turbo V8 engine]] ('25- Corvette ZR1, '26- Corvette ZR1X)

||1981||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 600 Corvette Drive. Originally built by Chrysler's Airtemp division in 1969-1970 and used to build non-automotive A/C units, the plant closed in 1976 following Chrysler's sale of Airtemp to Fedders and was sold to GM in 1980. GM converted the facility into an automotive assembly plant and began building Corvettes in Bowling Green during June 1981, taking over production from the St. Louis plant.&lt;br/&gt; 

Past models: &lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C3)|Chevrolet Corvette (C3)]] (1981-1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C4)|Chevrolet Corvette (C4)]] (1984-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C5)|Chevrolet Corvette (C5)]] (1997-2004)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C6)|Chevrolet Corvette (C6)]] (2005-2013)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C7)|Chevrolet Corvette (C7)]] (2014-2019)  

[[w:Cadillac XLR|Cadillac XLR]] (2004-2009)&lt;br /&gt;

Performance Build Center relocated from Wixom, MI to Bowling Green Assembly in 2014.&lt;br/&gt; Past engines: [[w:Cadillac twin-turbo V8|Cadillac Blackwing 4.2L LTA twin-turbo V8]],&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT4|LT4 supercharged V8 engine]] for: Chevrolet Corvette Z06 (C7) (2015-2016 models with Z07 package or build your own engine option, 2017-2019 all Z06 models) &amp;&lt;br /&gt; Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 (Gen 6) (phased in during 2020, all '21-'24), Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing '22-'26,&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT5|LT5 supercharged 6.2L Gen V Small Block V8]] ('19 Corvette ZR1)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Brownstown Battery Assembly Plant]]||[[w:Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan|Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan]]||United States||Battery packs for [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C8)|Chevrolet Corvette &lt;br&gt; E-Ray]] &amp; [[w:Cadillac Celestiq|Cadillac Celestiq]]&lt;br /&gt;Electric drive units for Chevrolet Corvette &lt;br&gt; E-Ray&lt;br /&gt;Assembles prototype battery packs||2009||Summer 2027||Located at 20001 Brownstown Center Dr.&lt;br /&gt; Battery packs for [[w:Chevrolet Volt|Chevrolet Volt]], [[w:Holden Volt|Holden Volt]], [[w:Opel Ampera|Opel/Vauxhall Ampera]], [[w:Cadillac ELR|Cadillac ELR]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Spark EV|Chevrolet Spark EV (2015-2016 only - LG Chem cells)]], [[w:GMC Hummer EV|GMC Hummer EV]], &amp; [[w:Cadillac Lyriq|Cadillac Lyriq]] &lt;br /&gt; Roof module for [[w:Cruise AV|Cruise AV]]

 
|- 

|6&lt;br /&gt;9&amp;nbsp;(BrightDrop)||[[w:CAMI Automotive|CAMI Automotive]]||[[w:Ingersoll, Ontario|Ingersoll, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]|| ||1989||2025||Located at 300 Ingersoll St. S. Originally, a 50/50 joint venture with [[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] called Canadian Automotive Manufacturing Inc. or CAMI until December 2009 when GM bought Suzuki's share. Production for Suzuki ended in June 2009. Chevy Equinox production ended April 29, 2022. After being retooled, CAMI reopened December 5, 2022 building the BrightDrop Zevo 600. In July 2023, GM announced a 400,000 square-foot expansion to assemble battery modules and packs. Plant idled in October 2023 and restarted in April 2024. Production was suspended in May 2025. Battery pack assembly also ended in May 2025. On October 21, 2025, GM announced that the BrightDrop van was discontinued and would not resume production anywhere.
Past models: [[w:BrightDrop Zevo 600|BrightDrop Zevo 600]] (2023-2024)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Tom Venetis |date=4 April 2022 |title=GM Canada Electric Vehicle Production in Ontario by the End of 2022 |work=Metroland Media Group |url=http://www.canadianautoworld.ca/industry-news/gm-canada-electric-vehicle-production-in-ontario-by-the-end-of-2022 |access-date=24 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;br&gt; [[w:BrightDrop Zevo 400|BrightDrop Zevo 400]] (2024),&lt;br&gt;[[w:Chevrolet BrightDrop|Chevrolet BrightDrop 400]] (2025-2026),&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet BrightDrop|Chevrolet BrightDrop 600]] (2025-2026),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Equinox|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2005-2022)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Bryan Bicknell |date=3 March 2022 |title=The finish line draws closer for gas powered vehicles at Ontario CAMI plant |work=CTV News |url=https://london.ctvnews.ca/the-finish-line-draws-closer-for-gas-powered-vehicles-at-ontario-cami-plant-1.5804523 |access-date=17 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;, [[w:Pontiac Torrent|Pontiac Torrent]] (2006-09), [[w:GMC Terrain#First generation (2010)|GMC Terrain]] (2010-2017), [[w:Suzuki XL-7#Second generation (XL7; 2006)|Suzuki XL7]] (2007-2009), [[w:Geo Tracker|Geo/Chevrolet Tracker]] (1990-2004),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#Canada|Asuna/Pontiac Sunrunner]] (Canada only) (1992-1998),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Suzuki Vitara#First generation (ET/TA; 1988)|Suzuki Sidekick]] (1990-1998), [[w:Suzuki Grand Vitara|Suzuki Vitara]] (1999-2004), [[w:Geo Metro|Geo/Chevrolet Metro]] (1990-2001), [[w:Geo Metro|Suzuki Swift]] (1991-2001), [[w:Geo Metro|Pontiac Firefly]] (Canada only) (1991, 1994-2001).&lt;br&gt; Also assembled Ultium battery cells into modules and packs for BrightDrop Zevo &amp; other vehicles made elsewhere from 2024-2025.

|- 

|B||[[w:GM Defense|GM Defense]] Manufacturing Customer Innovation Center (MCIC)||[[w:Concord, North Carolina|Concord, North Carolina]]||United States|| [[w:M1301 Infantry Squad Vehicle|M1301 Infantry Squad Vehicle]] (ISV),&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban#HD SUV|Chevrolet Suburban Shield]] (a.k.a. HD SUV) (2024-) ||2021||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 4280 Defender Way. Located next to Hendrick Motorsports, a partner in the ISV program. The ISV program for the US Army is based on the Chevrolet Colorado ZR2. The HD SUV program for the US State Dept. Diplomatic Security Service is based on the T1XX-generation Chevrolet Suburban but with a different chassis and frame to support higher vehicle weight, payload, and GVWR than civilian Suburbans. The Suburban Shield has also been supplied to Qatar for diplomatic security and VIP transport.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Defiance Foundry]]||[[w:Defiance, Ohio|Defiance, Ohio]]||United States||Aluminum engine blocks &amp; heads||1948||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 26427 State Route 281. Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. Iron pouring ended in 2017.  The plant now pours only aluminum blocks and heads. Defiance made the aluminum blocks and heads for the Buick 215 V8. Defiance has also supplied [[w:Toyota|Toyota]] with 4-cylinder engine blocks and [[w:Nissan|Nissan]] with V6 engine blocks.  

|- 

|U||[[w:Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly|Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly]]&lt;br /&gt; &quot;Factory ZERO&quot;||[[w:Hamtramck, Michigan|Hamtramck, Michigan]] &amp; [[w:Detroit, Michigan|Detroit, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GMC Hummer EV|GMC Hummer EV]] pickup (2022-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Hummer EV|GMC Hummer EV]] SUV (2024-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado EV|Chevrolet Silverado EV]] (2024-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sierra EV|GMC Sierra EV]] (2024-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade IQ|Cadillac Escalade IQ]] (2025-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade IQ|Cadillac Escalade IQL]] (2026-)&lt;br /&gt;Assembles Ultium battery cells into modules and packs for a variety of vehicles||1985||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2500 East Grand Blvd. Sometimes called the &quot;Poletown&quot; plant after the Detroit neighborhood where the plant is located. Part of the site was previously the &quot;Dodge Main&quot; plant which opened in 1911 before Dodge was part of the Chrysler Corp. and closed on January 4, 1980. GM bought the closed plant in 1981. Additional land including residential neighborhoods was acquired through the use of eminent domain. The plant straddles the line between 2 cities: Detroit &amp; Hamtramck. The body shop is in Hamtramck while the general assembly area is in Detroit.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2020/10/16/gm-detroit-hamtramck-assembly-plant-renamed-factory-zero/3665925001/|title = GM's Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly plant renamed 'Factory ZERO' amid shift to all-electric|author=Jamie LaReau|publisher=Detroit Free Press|date=October 16, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; The current site includes a 16.5-acre wildlife habitat. Originally built E/K models. First vehicle produced was a 1986 Cadillac Eldorado on February 4, 1985. Also did final assembly on the Cadillac Allante, whose bodies were made in Italy by Pininfarina and were flown to Detroit and then trucked to Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly for final assembly. Started building fwd G-bodies for 1998. The last &lt;br&gt; E-body, the Cadillac Eldorado, was moved to the Lansing Craft Center during 2000. Started building EREVs based on Delta II for 2011. This was followed by the 2nd gen. Volt based on D2XX for 2016. Started building Epsilon-based cars for 2013. Also built the Omega-based Cadillac CT6 flagship, starting with 2016. The last gas-powered vehicles made at this plant were the Cadillac CT6 on January 24, 2020 &amp; the Chevrolet Impala on February 27, 2020. Renamed &quot;Factory ZERO&quot; on October 16, 2020 to reflect its conversion into an electric vehicle assembly plant (zero for zero emissions). First vehicle produced following the conversion was a 2022 GMC Hummer EV pickup on December 17, 2021. Over 4 million vehicles have been built so far since opening in 1985. &lt;br /&gt; Past models:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Toronado#Fourth generation (1986–1992)|Oldsmobile Toronado]] (1986-1992), [[w:Buick Riviera#Seventh generation (1986–1993)|Buick Riviera]] (1986-1993), [[w:Cadillac Eldorado|Cadillac Eldorado]] (1986-2000), [[w:Cadillac Seville|Cadillac Seville]] (1986-2004), [[w:Cadillac Allanté|Cadillac Allanté]] (1987-1993) (final assembly),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Deville|Cadillac Deville]] (1994-2005), [[w:Cadillac DTS|Cadillac DTS]] (2006-2011),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Park Avenue#Second generation (1997–2005)|Buick Park Avenue]] (1998-2000), [[w:Buick LeSabre#Eighth generation (2000–2005)|Buick LeSabre]] (2000-2005), [[w:Buick Lucerne|Buick Lucerne]] (2006-2011), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Tenth generation (2000–2005)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (2004-2005), [[w:Chevrolet Volt|Chevrolet Volt]] (2011-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Volt#Other markets|Holden Volt (RE)]] (2012-2015), [[w:Chevrolet Volt#Opel Ampera (Europe)|Opel/Vauxhall Ampera]] (2012-15), [[w:Cadillac ELR|Cadillac ELR]] (2014, 2016), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu (2013-2015)/Malibu Limited (2016)]], [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Tenth generation (2014-2020)|Chevrolet Impala]] (2014-2020), [[w:Buick LaCrosse#Third generation (2017)|Buick Lacrosse]] (2017-2019), [[w:Cadillac CT6|Cadillac CT6]] (2016-2020)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:DMAX (engines)|DMAX Ltd.]]&lt;br&gt; Moraine Plant||[[w:Moraine, Ohio|Moraine, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Duramax V8 engine|Duramax 6.6L V8 engine]]||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Located on 3100 Dryden Rd. Was a joint venture with [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]]. Originally, was 40% owned by GM &amp; 60% owned by Isuzu. From 2002, 60% owned by GM &amp; 40% owned by Isuzu. GM bought Isuzu's remaining stake in DMAX Ltd. at the end of March 2022 and DMAX Ltd. became a wholly owned subsidiary of GM in May 2022. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:DMAX (engines)|DMAX Ltd.]] Brookville Plant||[[w:Brookville, Ohio|Brookville, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Duramax V8 engine#8.3L Mongoose|8.3L Mongoose Duramax V8]] ||2021||&amp;nbsp;|| Located at 101 W. Campus Blvd. In June 2023, GM announced a $920 million investment to build a 1.1 million square foot building next to the current 251,000 square foot facility in Brookville to take over Duramax V8 engine production from the original plant in Moraine in 2025.&lt;br&gt; Previously:&lt;br&gt; Machined engine components for [[w:Duramax V8 engine|Duramax 6.6L V8 engine]]

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Egypt|GM Egypt]]||[[w:6th of October City|6th of October City]]|| [[w:Egypt|Egypt]]||[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Chevrolet N-Series]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max#Second generation (RT; 2011)|Chevrolet T-Series]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Move#Chevrolet N300/Move|Chevrolet Move]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Third generation (310C; 2023)|Chevrolet Optra]] (2025-)||1985||&amp;nbsp;||Partially owned by GM (46.5%). Produced its 1 millionth vehicle, a Chevrolet T-Series pickup truck, on September 22, 2024. GM Egypt is the first automaker in Egypt to produce &lt;br&gt; 1 million vehicles. &lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Frontera|Chevrolet Frontera]], [[w:Chevrolet Lanos|Chevrolet Lanos]], [[w:Baojun 630|Chevrolet Optra]] (2016-2023), [[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Chevrolet T-Series]], [[w:Isuzu MU#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Isuzu Rodeo]], [[w:Isuzu TF|Isuzu TF-Series]], [[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]], [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa]], [[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]] 

|- 

|F||[[w:Fairfax II|Fairfax II]]||[[w:Kansas City, Kansas|Kansas City, Kansas]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Bolt#Second generation (2026)|Chevrolet Bolt]] (2027)
&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Fourth generation (2025)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (Starting Mid-2027)
||1987||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 3201 Fairfax Trafficway. Replaced original Fairfax Assembly Plant (Fairfax I) for 1988 model year production. Built on the site of the old Fairfax Municipal Airport. Originally built W-body cars. Switched to Epsilon-based cars for 2004. Chevy Malibu ended production in November 2024. Cadillac XT4 ended production in January 2025. Fairfax was then idled for retooling. Production of the updated Bolt electric car began in late 2025. The 2027 Bolt is an updated version of the old Bolt EUV. &lt;br /&gt;Past models:  [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1988-2003), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fifth generation (1988–1997)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1995-1997), [[w:Oldsmobile Intrigue|Oldsmobile Intrigue]] (1998-'02), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Sixth generation (2004)|Chevrolet Malibu (2004-2007)/Malibu Classic (2008)]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Seventh generation (2008)|Chevrolet Malibu (2008-2012)]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu (2013-2015)/Malibu Limited (2016)]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu (2016-2025)]], &lt;br /&gt;  [[w:Saturn Aura|Saturn Aura]] (2007-2009), [[w:Buick LaCrosse#Second generation (2010)|Buick Lacrosse/Allure]] (2010-2016), [[w:Cadillac XT4|Cadillac XT4]] (2019-2025)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint Engine South|Flint Engine South/Flint Engine Operations]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States|| 3.0 [[w:Duramax I6 engine|Duramax I6 engine]], [[w:Generation VI (2027–present)|Gen VI Small-Block V8]]: [[w:#LS6_3|LS6 6.7L V8]], [[w:L76_3|L76 5.7L V8]], [[w:L78|L78 6.6L V8]] ||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2100 Bristol Road. Located just to the south of Flint Truck Assembly and on the east side of Flint Metal Center. &lt;br /&gt;Past engines: [[w:GM Atlas engine|4.2 Atlas I6]], 3.6 [[w:GM High Feature engine|High Feature V6 engine]],&lt;br /&gt; 1.4 [[w:GM Family 0 engine#Generation III|Family 0 I4]] (Cruze, Sonic, Volt/Ampera/ELR generator), [[w:GM small gasoline engine#LFV|GM Small Gasoline Engine]] (LFV 1.5 Turbo I4 - Malibu)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Flint Metal Center]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States|| Sheetmetal stampings for various GM models||1954||&amp;nbsp;||Located at G-2238 Bristol Road. Located just to the south of Flint Truck Assembly and on the west side of Flint Engine South. Metal fabricating plant. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Flint Tool &amp; Die]] (North American Engineering and Tooling Center)||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||Tools &amp; Dies for fabrication &amp; assembly of sheetmetal body parts||1967||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 425 Stevenson St. Was Plant 38 of the &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex. Last remaining manufacturing plant of the old &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex. 

|- 

|F &lt;br/&gt;(1953-present)&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt; 1 (1947-1952)||[[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (2001-)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado|GMC Sierra]] (2001-)||1947||&amp;nbsp;||Located at G 3100 Van Slyke Road. This plant replaced vehicle production at the older &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex elsewhere in Flint, Michigan and became Chevrolet's new home plant. Began production in June 1947. This is GM's oldest, still active assembly plant in North America. Built all 300 1953 Corvettes on a small makeshift line (1 line for body &amp; 1 for frame/chassis) from June 30 through December 24 in 1953. Built the 50 millionth car built by GM in the US on November 23, 1954. The car was a special gold painted '55 Chevy Bel Air 2-door Sport Coupe with a gold-painted chassis and 716 interior and exterior trim parts plated with 24-carat gold. Last built Chevy full-size cars in 1969. Last built passenger cars in 1970 (the midsize Chevelle &amp; Monte Carlo). The last passenger car built at Flint Assembly was a Monte Carlo on June 24, 1970. At that point, the separate onsite Fisher Body operation (Flint #2) was merged into the Chevrolet operation (the rest of the plant) and the entire plant joined the GM Assembly Division. Since 1971, has only built full-size pickups, full-size SUV's, full-size vans, and medium duty commercial trucks. A new paint shop (Flint Assembly Paint Operations) was announced in December 2013 and opened in 2016, replacing the previous paint shop located inside the assembly plant. The new paint shop is further down Van Slyke Road from the assembly plant at 3848 Van Slyke Road, on the site of the former V8 engine plant that closed in 1999 and was subsequently demolished. Flint Truck Assembly has produced over 15 million vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;Past models:  [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]], [[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]], [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]], [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-69), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-69), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C1)|Chevrolet Corvette (1953 only)]]&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1966, 1970),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970 only),&lt;br&gt;  [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1969-1991), [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|GMC K15 Jimmy]] (1970-91), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1960-1991), [[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1967-91),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair Forward Control]] (1961-1964), &lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|Chevrolet Van/Sportvan]] (1993-1995),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#1992-1996|Chevrolet Van/Sportvan G-Classic]] (1996),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|GMC Vandura/Rally Van]] (1993-1995),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#1992-1996|GMC Vandura/Rally Van G-Classic]] (1996),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|Chevrolet R/V]] (1987-1991), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|GMC R/V]] (1987-1991), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K (GMT400)]] (1995-2000), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra (GMT400)]] (1995-98), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra Classic (GMT400)]] (1999-2000), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|Chevrolet/GMC C3500HD]] (1998-00), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Third generation (2003–2009)|Chevrolet Kodiak/GMC Topkick]] ('03-'09), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Isuzu H-Series|Isuzu H-Series]] (2005-2007), [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet T-Series]] (2004-2009), [[w:GMC T-Series|GMC T-Series]] (2004-2009), [[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] (2004-2009) &lt;br /&gt; 

|- 

|Z||[[w:Fort Wayne Assembly|Fort Wayne Assembly]]||[[w:Roanoke, Indiana|Roanoke, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (1999-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|GMC Sierra]] (1988-)||1986||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 12200 Lafayette Center Rd.&lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1988-1998)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Fuel Cell System Manufacturing LLC]]||[[w:Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan|Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan]]||United States||Fuel Cell Systems for [[w:Honda CR-V#CR-V e:FCEV|Honda CR-V e:FCEV]] &amp; various other applications by GM &amp; Honda &amp; to outside companies||2024||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 20001 Brownstown Center Dr. Located next to GM's Brownstown Battery Assembly Plant.&lt;br /&gt; A 50/50 joint venture with [[w:Honda|Honda]]. GM &amp; Honda have been co-developing fuel cells since 2013. The manufacturing joint venture was established in January 2017. Production began in January 2024. Production is scheduled to end by the end of 2026.
 
|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Grand Rapids Operations||[[w:Wyoming, Michigan|Wyoming, Michigan]]||United States||Valvetrain products &lt;br /&gt; Axles for full-size trucks ||1943||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2100 Burlingame Avenue SW. Originally established as Diesel Equipment Division of GM. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Delphi Powertrain Systems Grand Rapids); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 1999. 

|- 

|G||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|Gravatai Automotive Industrial Complex]]||[[w:Gravatai|Gravatai]], [[w:Rio Grande do Sul|Rio Grande do Sul]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:Chevrolet Onix|Chevrolet Onix]]&lt;br /&gt; ||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Celta|Chevrolet Celta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Prisma (disambiguation)|Chevrolet Prisma]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.autointell.com/nao_companies/general_motors/gm-manufacturing/blue-macaw-01.htm|title=General Motors: Gravatai Automotive Complex|access-date=2021-09-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1533675720090715 UPDATE 2-GM to spend $1 bln in Brazil on new family of cars] Retrieved 14 September 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Suzuki Fun|Suzuki Fun]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Joinville]]||[[w:Joinville|Joinville]], [[w:Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.0 &amp; 1.0 Turbo 3-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.2 &amp; 1.2 Turbo 3-cylinder engine]] ||2013||&amp;nbsp;||Past engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine#SPE / 4|1.0L &amp; 1.4L SPE / 4&lt;br /&gt; 4-cylinder engines]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Kokomo Operations&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://plants.gm.com/media/us/en/gm/company_info/facilities/component-fac/kokomo.html|title=GM Corporate Newsroom - United States - Company}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Kokomo, Indiana|Kokomo, Indiana]]||United States||Automotive Electronic Components including Engine Control Modules, Transmission Control Modules, Body Control Modules, &amp; Airbag Sensing Diagnostic Modules||1936||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2603 South Goyer Rd. The site was first used in the 1890's to make cars by [[w:Haynes-Apperson|Haynes-Apperson]] and later by [[w:Haynes Automobile Company|Haynes]] until the company went out of business in 1925. Purchased by GM in 1936 from Crosley Radio Corp., which used the site to make radios for Chevrolet briefly during 1936. Initially run by Delco Remy, the site became a separate GM division called Delco Radio Division in June 1936. Delco Radio made radios for all GM cars as well as other electronic equipment. During WWII, Delco Radio made electronic equipment for the war effort. In 1970, Delco Radio merged with AC Electronics Division of Milwaukee to form [[w:Delco Electronics|Delco Electronics Division]]. On December 31, 1985, General Motors merged Hughes Aircraft, which it had acquired on December 20, 1985, with its Delco Electronics unit to form Hughes Electronics Corporation, an independent subsidiary. The group then consisted of Delco Electronics Corporation and Hughes Aircraft Company. In 1997, GM transferred Delco Electronics to its Delphi Automotive Systems business. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Delco Electronics and Safety); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 2009. 

|-

| ||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]] - Boryeong plant||[[w:Boryeong|Boryeong]], [[w:South Chungcheong Province|South Chungcheong Province]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||Automatic Transmissions||2008||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM 6T40 transmission|GM 6T40 transmission]] (GF6) 

|- 

|B&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;0 ('07-'08 Antara)||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]] - Bupyeong plant||[[w:Bupyeong-gu|Bupyeong District]], [[w:Incheon|Incheon]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Buick Encore GX|Buick Encore GX]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Buick Envista|Buick Envista]] 

 
Engines: [[w:GM Family 0 engine|GM Family 0 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.3L Turbo 3-cylinder engine]] 

|1962&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br/&gt;1971 (engine plant)||&amp;nbsp;||Bupyeong has 2 vehicle assembly plants and a powertrain plant. The Bupyeong 2 Assembly Plant ended production on November 26, 2022. Bupyeong 2 was last producing the Chevrolet Malibu and Trax and Buick Encore.&lt;br /&gt;Past models : [[w:Chevrolet Aveo|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Sonic|Chevrolet Sonic]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Evanda|Chevrolet Evanda]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax#First generation (U200; 2013)|Chevrolet Trax]]&lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Buick Encore#First generation (2013)|Buick Encore]]&lt;br /&gt; 


[[w:Buick LaCrosse#Korean market: Alpheon|Alpheon]] 
 

[[w:Daewoo LeMans|Daewoo LeMans]], [[w:Daewoo Cielo|Daewoo Cielo]], [[w:Daewoo Espero|Daewoo Espero]], [[w:Daewoo Lanos|Daewoo Lanos]], [[w:Daewoo Leganza|Daewoo Leganza]], [[w:Daewoo Magnus|Daewoo Magnus]], [[w:Daewoo Tosca|Daewoo Tosca]], [[w:Daewoo Kalos|Daewoo Kalos]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)#T250|Daewoo Gentra]], [[w:Daewoo Winstorm|Daewoo Winstorm]] 
 

[[w:Holden Barina#Fifth generation (TK; 2005–2011)|Holden Barina (TK)]], [[w:Holden Barina#Sixth generation (TM; 2011–2018)|Holden Barina (TM)]], [[w:Opel Antara|Holden Captiva MaXX/Captiva 5]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Holden Captiva/Captiva 7]], [[w:Holden Epica|Holden Epica (EP)]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Holden Malibu (EM)]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax#First generation (U200; 2013)|Holden Trax (TJ)]] &lt;br /&gt;  
 

[[w:Opel Antara|GMC Terrain (Middle East only)]] &lt;br /&gt;  

[[w:Opel Mokka#First generation (J13; 2012)|Opel/Vauxhall Mokka]], [[w:Opel Antara|Opel/Vauxhall Antara]]&lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Pontiac LeMans#Sixth generation (1988–1993)|Pontiac LeMans]], [[w:Pontiac Wave|Pontiac Wave]], [[w:Pontiac G3|Pontiac G3]] &lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Suzuki Swift+|Suzuki Swift+]] (Canada only), [[w:Suzuki Verona|Suzuki Verona]] 

 
Past engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 engine]]  

|- 

|C||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]] - Changwon plant||[[w:Changwon|Changwon]], [[w:Gyeongsang Province|Gyeongsang Province]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||[[w:Chevrolet Trax#Second generation (2023)|Chevrolet Trax]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:GM small gasoline engine|GM small gasoline engine]] LV7, LE2&lt;br/&gt;Manual transmissions 

|1991||&amp;nbsp;||Past models: [[w:Daewoo Damas|Damas]], [[w:Daewoo Labo|Labo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Matiz|Daewoo Matiz]], [[w:Daewoo Tico|Daewoo Tico]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Karl|Opel Karl]]/[[w:Vauxhall Viva#Name revival|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac G2#Second generation (M200, M250; 2005)|Pontiac G2]], [[w:Pontiac Matiz#M150 (2000–2005)|Pontiac Matiz]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spark|Chevrolet Spark]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Spark EV|Chevrolet Spark EV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Spark#Australasia|Holden Barina Spark (MJ)]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Holden Spark|Holden Spark (MP)]]

 
Past engines: [[w:Daewoo S-TEC engine#S-TEC II|Daewoo S-TEC II]] 

|-

|J||[[w:Lansing Delta Township Assembly|Lansing Delta Township Assembly]]||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Traverse|Chevrolet Traverse]] (2010-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Enclave|Buick Enclave]] (2008-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Acadia#Third generation (2024)|GMC Acadia]] (2024-)||2006||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 8175 Millett Hwy. Originally opened to build Lambda-based crossovers. Switched to C1XX-based models for 2018. &lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Saturn Outlook|Saturn Outlook]] (2007-2010),&lt;br&gt;[[w:GMC Acadia#First generation (2007)|GMC Acadia]] (2007-2016), [[w:GMC Acadia#Acadia Limited|GMC Acadia Limited]] (2017), &lt;br&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Traverse#Second generation (2018)|Chevrolet Traverse Limited]] (2024)

|- 

|0||[[w:Lansing Grand River Assembly|Lansing Grand River Assembly]]/Stamping||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac CT5|Cadillac CT5]] (2020-2026)||2001||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 920 Townsend Street. Stamping plant added in 2016. This newly constructed plant was built on the grounds of the former Oldsmobile home plant complex in Lansing. The former Oldsmobile HQ building (&quot;Building 70&quot;) is still standing and still has &quot;Oldsmobile Administration Center&quot; carved into the marble barrier in front of the flagpole between the 2 stairways. Building 70 was Oldsmobile HQ from 1966-1996, when Oldsmobile HQ moved to Detroit. Building 70 is now vacant but the exterior is often used by GM for large ads that are wrapped around the side of the building on the corner of Townsend St. and William St. Originally opened to build vehicles on the Sigma platform. Started building vehicles on the Alpha platform for 2013.&lt;br /&gt; Past models: &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CTS|Cadillac CTS]] (2003-2019), [[w:Cadillac SRX#First generation (2004)|Cadillac SRX]] (2004-2009), [[w:Cadillac STS|Cadillac STS]] (2005-2011), [[w:Cadillac ATS|Cadillac ATS]] (2013-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (sixth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (2016-2024), [[w:Cadillac CT4|Cadillac CT4]] (2020-2026)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Lansing Regional Stamping]] (LRS)||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||2004|| ||Located within the Lansing Delta Assembly complex.  

|- 

|||[[w:Lansing Service Parts Operation|Lansing Redistribution Center]] (SPO)||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1960|| ||Located at 4400 West Mount Hope Road. Previously Lansing Plant 4. Now called Lansing Redistribution Center, part of GM Customer Care and Aftersales.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Lockport Operations]]||[[w:Lockport, NY|Lockport, NY]]||United States||Thermal products (climate control systems, powertrain cooling systems) and stators for EV motors.||1914||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 200 Upper Mountain Road. Founded in 1910 as the Harrison Radiator Company. Acquired by United Motors in 1916 which was then acquired by GM in 1918. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Harrison Thermal Systems); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 2009. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Marion Metal Center]]||[[w:Marion, Indiana|Marion, Indiana]]||United States||Sheetmetal stamped parts &amp; blanks for various GM models||1956||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2400 West Second St. Metal fabricating. Originally a Fisher Body division plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Mogi das Cruzes]]||[[w:Mogi das Cruzes|Mogi das Cruzes]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo state]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||Stampings for new &amp; replacement parts||1999||&amp;nbsp;||Stamping plant 

|-

|4||[[w:Orion Assembly|Orion Assembly]]||[[w:Orion Township, Michigan|Orion Township, Michigan]]||United States||Assembly of Battery packs for EVs:&lt;br&gt; Silverado EV, Sierra EV, Hummer EV, and Escalade IQ&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Scheduled for Early 2027:
[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Fifth-generation Silverado / sixth-generation Sierra (2026)|Chevrolet Silverado]] 1500 (2027-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sierra#Fifth-generation Silverado / sixth-generation Sierra (2026)|GMC Sierra]] 1500 (2027-) 
||1983||idled 2009; reopened 2011; idled 2023||Located at 4555 Giddings Road. Originally opened to build the 1985 Fwd C-bodies. Began building Fwd H-bodies for 1994. Began building Fwd G-bodies for 1995. On June 18, 2004, production of the Buick LeSabre &amp; Park Ave., the last 2 models built at Orion Assembly, ended. Plant was then converted from building full-size cars to midsize cars for 2005, beginning with the Pontiac G6. Idled during 2009 as part of GM's bankruptcy. Reopened in 2011 with the help of govt. incentives &amp; special agreement with the UAW to build the Chevy Sonic subcompact. Later added the Buick Verano compact car. In 2016, began building the Chevy Bolt EV, which was joined in 2021 by the slightly larger Bolt EUV. Idled in 2023 when both Bolts were discontinued. In late summer 2024, Orion Assembly began assembling battery cells supplied by Ultium Cells LLC in Warren, OH into packs which are then supplied to the Factory Zero plant for installation into the electric trucks &amp; SUVs made there. Orion was going to be converted to building electric trucks, supplementing Factory Zero's production of Silverado EV &amp; Sierra EV but that plan was postponed and later cancelled. In 2025, a new plan was announced for Orion to build fuel-powered Silverado &amp; Sierra 1500 pickups &amp; Escalade SUVs beginning in 2027.&lt;br&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Bolt EV|Chevrolet Bolt EV]] (2017-2023), [[w:Chevrolet Bolt EUV|Chevrolet &lt;br&gt; Bolt EUV]] (2022-2023), [[w:Cruise AV|Cruise AV]], [[w:Chevrolet Bolt#European countries|Opel Ampera-e]] (2017-19),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Sonic|Chevrolet Sonic]] (2012-2020), [[w:Buick Verano#First generation (2011)|Buick Verano]] (2012-2017), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Seventh generation (2008)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (2008-2010), [[w:Pontiac G6|Pontiac G6]] (2005-2010),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Riviera#Eighth generation (1995–1999)|Buick Riviera]] (1995-1999), [[w:Oldsmobile Aurora|Oldsmobile Aurora]] (1995-2003),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Park Avenue#Second generation (1997-2005)|Buick Park Avenue]] (1997-2005), [[w:Buick LeSabre#Eighth generation (2000–2005)|Buick LeSabre]] (2000-2005), [[w:Cadillac de Ville series#Sixth generation (1985–1993)|Cadillac DeVille]] (1985-1993), [[w:Cadillac Fleetwood#Front-wheel drive: 1985–1993|Cadillac Fleetwood]] (1985-1992), [[w:Cadillac Sixty Special#1987–1993|Cadillac Sixty Special]] (1989-1993), [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Tenth generation (1992–1999)|Oldsmobile 88]] (1994-99), [[w:Oldsmobile LSS|Oldsmobile LSS]] (1996-1999), [[w:Oldsmobile Regency|Oldsmobile Regency]] (1997-98), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#Eleventh generation (1985–1990)|Oldsmobile 98]] (1985-1990), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#Twelfth generation (1991–1996)|Oldsmobile 98]] (1991-1996), [[w:Oldsmobile Touring Sedan|Oldsmobile Touring Sedan]] (1988-1990),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Ninth generation (1992–1999)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1994-1998), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Tenth generation (2000–2005)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (2000-03)

|- 

|1 (2022-)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1 (Line 2 a.k.a. Consolidated Line)&lt;br&gt; (1984-2019)&lt;br&gt;/&lt;br /&gt;9 (Line 1 a.k.a. Flex Line)&lt;br&gt; (1984-2020)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1 (1967-1983)||[[w:Oshawa Car Assembly|Oshawa Car Assembly]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Fourth-generation Silverado / fifth-generation Sierra (T1XX; 2019)|Chevrolet Silverado HD]] (2022-)||1953||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 900 Park Rd South.&lt;br /&gt; 
Past models: [[w:Cadillac XTS|Cadillac XTS]] (2013-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1985, 2000-2020), [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Impala Limited (2014–2016)|Chevrolet Impala Limited]] (2014-2016), [[w:Chevrolet Lumina|Chevrolet Lumina]] (1990-2001), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1995-2007), [[w:Buick Century#Sixth generation (1997–2005)|Buick Century]] (1997-2005), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1988-2004, 2011-2017), [[w:Buick LaCrosse#First generation (2005)|Buick LaCrosse/Allure]] (2005-2009), [[w:Buick Special#1949–1958|Buick Special]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1966), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1966), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1954-1966), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1954-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1954-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1955-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1975), [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (2010-2015), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1985), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2011-2017), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]] (1962-1967),&lt;br&gt; [[w:General Motors A platform (1925)#1964|A-body (rwd) cars]]: [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1977)/[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1983)/[[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1971-1981)/ [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]]/[[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]]/[[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1971, 1973-1981)/[[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1970)/[[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]]/[[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:General Motors A platform (1982)|A-body (fwd) cars]]: [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1987)/[[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1982-1988)/[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1985-1988),&lt;br&gt;  [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Sixth generation (1977–1981)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1977-1981), [[w:Pontiac Catalina#1977–1981|Pontiac Catalina]] (1977-1981), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Eighth generation (2004–2008)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (2004-2008), [[w:Pontiac Catalina#Canada and Canadian exports|Pontiac Laurentian]] (1954-1981), [[w:Pontiac Parisienne|Pontiac Parisienne]] (1958-1984, US: 1983-1984), [[w:Pontiac Pathfinder|Pontiac Pathfinder]] (1954-1958), [[w:Pontiac Catalina#Canada and Canadian exports|Pontiac Strato Chief]] (1958-1970), [[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (1962-1967), [[w:Beaumont (automobile)|Beaumont]] (1966-1969),  [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Third-generation Silverado / fourth-generation Sierra (K2XX; 2014)|Chevrolet Silverado 1500 LD/2500HD]] (2019),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Third-generation Silverado / fourth-generation Sierra (K2XX; 2014)|GMC Sierra 1500 Limited/2500HD]] (2019),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Fourth-generation Silverado / fifth-generation Sierra (T1XX; 2019)|Chevrolet Silverado 1500]] (2022-2026). &lt;br /&gt; 

VIN code 1 (1984-2019): Chevrolet Celebrity (1984-1987), Pontiac 6000 (1984-1985), Buick Regal (1988-2004), Chevrolet Lumina 4-d (1990-2001), Buick Century (1997-05), Pontiac Grand Prix (2004-2008), Buick LaCrosse/Allure (2005-2009), Chevrolet Impala (2008-2013), Chevrolet&lt;br /&gt; Impala Limited (2014-2016), Chevrolet Equinox (2011-2017), Chevrolet Silverado 1500 LD/2500HD (2019),&lt;br /&gt; GMC Sierra 1500 Limited/2500HD (2019)

VIN code 9: Chevrolet Impala (1984-1985), Chevrolet Caprice (1984-1985), Pontiac Parisienne (1984), Pontiac 6000 (1985-1988), Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera (1985-1988), Chevrolet Lumina 4-d (1990-1999),  Chevrolet Lumina 2-d (1990-1994), Chevrolet Monte Carlo (1995-07), Chevrolet Impala (2000-08), Chevrolet Camaro (2010-2015), Buick Regal (2011-2017), Cadillac XTS (2013-2019), Chevrolet Impala (2014-2020) 

The current Oshawa complex (South plant; also known as Autoplex beginning in the 1980's) opened on November 7, 1953. The passenger car assembly plant had 2 assembly lines.  Operations were gradually moved from the older North plant to the newer South plant. Originally built Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, and Buick models. However, Oldsmobile production ended in 1969 and Buick production ended in 1971. Oldsmobile production resumed with the '85 Cutlass Ciera while Buick production resumed with the '88 Regal. Oldsmobile production again ended in 1988 while Buick production continued through 2017 with a temporary hiatus in 2009-2010 calendar years. Pontiac production at Oshawa ended after 1988; only resuming in 2003 for the '04 Grand Prix. Pontiac production at Oshawa ended for good in 2008. Cadillac production began at the Oshawa South plant for the first time in 2012 with the 2013 XTS. Full-size pickups were built on Line 2 for 2019. This was the first time that pickups were built on one of Oshawa's passenger car assembly lines and the first time that pickups were made in Oshawa since Oshawa Truck closed in 2009. The last XTS was built on Sept. 10, 2019, the last Oshawa-built Impala on Oct. 25, 2019, &amp; the last pickups on Dec. 18, 2019. Vehicle production at the South plant ended in 2019; plant will be transformed for stamping and production of body panels and subassemblies. Restart of vehicle production announced in Nov. 2020 - Truck production started in late 2021 with Silverado HD followed by the Silverado 1500 in 2022. Oshawa is now the only plant producing both Silverado 1500 &amp; Silverado HD.

Oshawa also produced face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic starting in 2020.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Oshawa Metal|Oshawa Metal]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||Stamped metal parts for new production and for service parts||1986||&amp;nbsp;||Part of the overall Oshawa Assembly complex (Autoplex) on Park Road South. Located at 1000 Park Road South. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Parma Metal Center|Parma Metal Center]]||[[w:Parma, Ohio|Parma, Ohio]]||United States||Sheetmetal stampings &amp; assemblies for various GM models||1948||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 5400 Chevrolet Blvd.&lt;br /&gt; Metal fabricating 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Pontiac Metal Center]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Sheetmetal stampings &amp; assemblies for various GM models||1926||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 260 E. Beverly Ave.&lt;br /&gt;Metal fabricating&lt;br /&gt;Originally, an [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland Motor Car]] plant. Last remaining manufacturing plant of the original Pontiac Assembly complex, which was Pontiac's home plant. 

|-

|S||[[w:Ramos Arizpe Assembly|Ramos Arizpe Assembly]]||[[w:Ramos Arizpe|Ramos Arizpe]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Blazer EV|Chevrolet Blazer EV]] (2024-) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Equinox EV|Chevrolet Equinox EV]] (2024-) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Optiq|Cadillac Optiq EV]] (2025-) ||1981||&amp;nbsp;||Ramos Arizpe opened building 4 Chevrolet models for the Mexican market: Citation, Celebrity, Malibu, and Monte Carlo. The 1985 El Camino &amp; Caballero were the first Mexican-built GM models to be sold in the US. GM began exporting the Celebrity to the US for 1987 followed by the Buick Century for 1989. GM began exporting the Chevy Cavalier to the US for 1991 followed by the Pontiac Sunbird for 1993, which was replaced by the Sunfire for 1995. Stamping plant added in 1995 and a paint shop added in 1997. The plant was expanded to add a 2nd assembly line to build the Pontiac Aztek for 2001, followed by the Buick Rendezvous for 2002. The 2nd line was also used to build the Chevy HHR, Saturn Vue, Chevy Captiva Sport, Cadillac SRX, &amp; Saab 9-4X. Some 2nd gen. Chevy Cruze sedans made at Ramos Arizpe were sold in the US for the '16-'17 model years. All 2nd gen. Chevy Cruze 5-d hatchbacks ('17-'19) were made in Ramos Arizpe. All Chevy Cruze production at Ramos Arizpe ended in &lt;br&gt; Dec. 2018. The Cruze was the last passenger car made at Ramos Arizpe. A new paint shop was added in 2021, replacing the original from 1997. EV production began in 2023.&lt;br /&gt;Past Models: &lt;br&gt; Mexico or Latin America only: [[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1982-1986), [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1986), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo#Fourth generation (1981–1988)|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1981-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Chevrolet Cutlass (Mexico only)]], [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Chevrolet Century (Mexico only)]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevy|Chevrolet Chevy]] (Mexico: 1995-2012), [[w:Chevrolet Captiva Sport|Chevrolet Captiva Sport]] (2008-2017), [[w:Chevrolet Sonic|Chevrolet Sonic]] (Mexico: 2012-2017).&lt;br&gt; Export to US: [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1985-1987), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1985-1987), [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (US: 1987-1989), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1989-1994), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1991-2004), [[w:Pontiac Sunbird#Second generation (1982–1988)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1993-1994), [[w:Pontiac Sunfire|Pontiac Sunfire]] (1995-2005), [[w:Pontiac Aztek|Pontiac Aztek]] (2001-2005), [[w:Buick Rendezvous|Buick Rendezvous]] (2002-2007), [[w:Chevrolet HHR|Chevrolet HHR]] (2006-2011), [[w:Saturn Vue#Second generation (2008)|Saturn Vue]] (2008-2010), [[w:Chevrolet Captiva Sport|Chevrolet Captiva Sport]] (US: 2012-2015),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac SRX#Second generation (2010)|Cadillac SRX]] (2010-2016), [[w:Saab 9-4X|Saab 9-4X]] (2011),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#Second generation (J400)|Chevrolet Cruze]] (2016-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Third generation (2018)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2018-2024), [[w:Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (2019-2026), [[w:Honda Prologue|Honda Prologue EV]] (2024-26).&lt;br&gt; Export to Australia/New Zealand:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Holden Equinox|Holden Equinox (EQ)]] (2018-2020)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Ramos Arizpe Engine||[[w:Ramos Arizpe|Ramos Arizpe]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.2L Turbo 3-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V Small Block V8 &amp; V6]]||1982||&amp;nbsp;||Past engines: [[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine|Chevrolet 60° V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM High Value engine|GM High Value V6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM High Feature engine|GM High Feature V6]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Ramos Arizpe Transmission||[[w:Ramos Arizpe|Ramos Arizpe]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||VT40 (CVT250) [[w:Continuously variable transmission|CVT]] transmission ||1999||&amp;nbsp;||Past transmissions: [[w:GM 4L60-E transmission|4L60-E/4L65-E 4-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission|6T70/6T75 6-speed automatic (GF6)]]&lt;br /&gt;4ET50 EVT (for [[w:Chevrolet Volt|Chevrolet Volt]])&lt;br /&gt;4ET55 EVT (for [[w:Cadillac ELR|Cadillac ELR]]) 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Rochester Products Division|Rochester Operations]]||[[w:Rochester, NY|Rochester, NY]]||United States||Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac, and Buick Components - Engine management systems, fuel injection systems, and related products. ||1939||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1000 Lexington Avenue. Founded in 1908 as the Rochester Coil Company. Renamed North East Electric Company in 1909. Acquired by GM in 1929. In 1930, merged with Delco-Light Co. to become Delco Appliance. A planned, second Delco Appliance plant on Lexington Ave. in Rochester instead became the Rochester Products Division of GM in 1939. This division made carburetors, fuel injection systems, &amp; other fuel system equipment. During WWII, it made warplane and tank electrical accessories. In 1981, Rochester Products Division merged with GM's Diesel Equipment Division of Grand Rapids, Michigan retaining the Rochester Products Division name. On August 30, 1988, Rochester Products Division merged with GM's AC Spark Plug Division to form the AC Rochester Division. The Grand Rapids-based diesel fuel-injection business of the former Diesel Equipment Division was sold on August 26 to a joint venture of G.M. and the Penske Corporation called Diesel Technology Corporation (80% Penske, 20% Detroit Diesel, itself a joint venture between Penske &amp; GM). Robert Bosch invested in Diesel Technology Corporation in 1992, eventually taking over the whole company by 2002. AC Rochester merged with parts of Delco Remy (the parts not spun off into Remy International) in 1994 to form AC Delco Systems. AC Delco Systems became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Rochester Powertrain); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 2009. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Romulus Engine|Romulus Engine]]||[[w:Romulus, Michigan|Romulus, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GM High Feature engine#Fourth generation|Gen4 High Feature V6]] 

||1976||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 36880 Ecorse Road. Originally part of GM's Detroit Diesel Allison Division where it built diesel engines and components. Switched to gasoline engines in the 1980's.&lt;br /&gt; Past engines: [[w:Chevrolet 90° V6 engine|Chevrolet 90° V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation III (1997–2007)|Gen III Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine#Generation IV (2005–2020)|Gen IV Small Block V8]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Romulus Engine|Romulus Transmission]]||[[w:Romulus, Michigan|Romulus, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:&quot;Ford-GM 10-speed automatic transmission#General Motors|10L80/90 Transmission]]||1995||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 36880 Ecorse Road.&lt;br /&gt;Past transmissions: [[w:GM 4L60-E transmission|GM 4L60-E transmission]] 

|-

|R||Rosario||[[w:Alvear, Santa Fe|Alvear]], [[w:Rosario Department|Rosario Department]], [[w:Santa Fe Province|Santa Fe Province]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]] 

 
Engines: [[w:GM small gasoline engine#LE2|1.4L Turbo I4 LE2]] 

||1997||&amp;nbsp;||Engine plant added in 2016.  

Past Models: 

[[w:Chevrolet Cruze#Second generation (J400)|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa C]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B|Chevrolet Corsa B/Corsa Classic/Classic]], [[w:Chevrolet Agile|Chevrolet Agile]]&lt;br /&gt; and [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#Second generation|Suzuki Grand Vitara/Chevrolet Tracker]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Saginaw Metal Casting Operations|Saginaw Metal Casting Operations]]||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Metal casting for powertrains (High Feature V6 engine): engine blocks, heads, and crankshafts&lt;br/&gt;Front 4WD axle assembly castings||1919||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1629 N. Washington Avenue. Originally the Grey Iron Foundry, a part of General Motors Saginaw Products Co. and renamed as Chevrolet Saginaw Grey Iron Foundry when transferred to Chevrolet Motor Division in 1927. Moved to Central Foundry Division in 1983. Joins GM Powertrain Division in 1991. Renamed Saginaw Metal Casting Operations in 1994 to reflect that it now pours aluminum. First production aluminum heads produced in 1995. Over the years, it has produced both cast iron and cast aluminum engine blocks for the Chevy Small-Block V8. 

|-

|L||[[w:San Luis Potosí Assembly|San Luis Potosí Assembly]]||[[w:San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Fourth generation (2025)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2025-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Terrain#Third generation (2025)|GMC Terrain]] (2025-)||2008||&amp;nbsp;||Note: Aveo &amp; G3 made in San Luis Potosi were not sold in the US but they were sold in Canada. Onix was not sold in the US or Canada. 2013-2014 Trax was sold in Canada &amp; Mexico but not in the US.&lt;br&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo (T250)]] (2009-2018)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac G3|Pontiac G3/G3 Wave]] (2009-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]] (2020-2022)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trax#First generation (U200; 2013)|Chevrolet Trax]] (2013-2020)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Third generation (2018)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2018-2024)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/mid/home/displayfile/7c659360-416a-4e96-ae38-0b69d916c106|title=GM Vehicle Identification Numbering Standard - 2021 - United States and Canada|date=August 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Terrain#Second generation (2018)|GMC Terrain]] (2018-2024)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||San Luis Potosí Transmission||[[w:San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||FWD GF9 9 Speed Transmissions||2009||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission|GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission]] 6T40/45 (GF6) 

|-

|B||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|São Caetano do Sul Assembly]]||[[w:São Caetano do Sul|São Caetano do Sul]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]|| [[w:Chevrolet Montana#Third generation (2022)|Chevrolet Montana]] &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spin|Chevrolet Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]]&lt;br /&gt; ||1930||&amp;nbsp;||Past Models: [[w:Opel Astra#G|Chevrolet Astra]], [[w:Opel Astra#H |Chevrolet Vectra/Vectra GT]] (both until 2011), [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1985–1996|Chevrolet Bonanza]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1964–1984|Chevrolet C-10/C-14/C-15/Chevy 4/D-10/A-10]], [[w:Chevrolet D-20|Chevrolet A-10/C-10/A-20/C-20/D-20]], Chevrolet A40/D40, [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Comodoro|Chevrolet Comodoro]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Chevrolet Corsa B]], [[w:Chevrolet Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa Classic]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Chevrolet Diplomata|Chevrolet Diplomata]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix|Chevrolet Joy]], [[w:Chevrolet Kadett|Chevrolet Kadett]] 1996-1998, [[w:Chevrolet Montana#Second generation (2011–2021)|Chevrolet Montana]], [[w:Opel Ascona#Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]], [[w:Chevrolet Omega#Omega A|Chevrolet Omega A]], [[w:Chevrolet Opala|Chevrolet Opala]], [[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Chevrolet Vectra A]], [[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Chevrolet Vectra B]], [[w:Chevrolet Veraneio|Chevrolet C-1416/Veraneio]], Chevrolet 3100/Brasil/Amazona/Alvorada/Corisco, Chevrolet 6500, Chevrolet C64/C65/C68/D64/D65/D68/D74/D75/D78,&lt;br&gt; Bus bodies, Frigidaire appliances 

|- 

|C||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|São José dos Campos Assembly]]||[[w:São José dos Campos|São José dos Campos]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]|| 

[[w:Chevrolet S-10#Third generation (2012)|Chevrolet S-10]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#Second generation (RG; 2011)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]] 

 
Engines:&lt;br/&gt; 2.8L turbodiesel &lt;br&gt; 4-cylinder engines&lt;br /&gt;

Transmissions 

|1959||&amp;nbsp;||Supplied 1.8L &amp; 2.0L SOHC Family II I4 engines to the US from 1982-1994. &lt;br /&gt;Past Models: [[w:Chevrolet Montana#First generation (2003–2010)|Chevrolet Montana]]&lt;br /&gt;  [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa C]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa Sedan C]], [[w:Opel Meriva#First generation (2003)|Chevrolet Meriva]], [[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999–2006)|Chevrolet Zafira]] (all until 2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevette|Chevrolet Chevette]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Chevy 500|Chevrolet Chevy 500]], [[w:Chevrolet Kadett|Chevrolet Kadett]] 1989-1996, [[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|Chevrolet S-10]],  [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1997–2002|Chevrolet Silverado D20]], Chevrolet 11000/12000/14000/22000, [[w:GMC Chevette|GMC Chevette]], [[w:GMC Chevette|GMC 500]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1997–2002|GMC 6-100/6-150/3500HD]], [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Second generation (1990–2002)|GMC 12-170/14-190/16-220]], [[w:Isuzu Forward|GMC 15-190]] 

Engines including: [[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine#261|Chevrolet Jobmaster 261 I6]], [[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine#Brazil|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder]], [[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine]], [[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 engine]], [[w:GM Family II engine|GM Family II engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Detroit Diesel Series 53&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions  

|-

|G||[[Silao Assembly]]||[[w:Silao, Mexico|Silao]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (2006-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|GMC Sierra]] (2006-), Chevrolet Cheyenne (Mexico)||1995||&amp;nbsp;|| Stamping plant added in 1997. Began by building full-size SUVs for 1995. Was the sole assembler of GM's full-size SUTs. Began building full-size pickups for 2006. Full-size SUV production moved entirely to Arlington Assembly after the 2009 model year.&lt;br&gt; Past production models: [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1995-2009), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Eighth generation (1992)|GMC Suburban]] (1995-1999), [[w:GMC Yukon XL|GMC Yukon XL]] (2000-2006), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Second generation (2002)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]] (2003-2006),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Suburban (eighth generation)#Holden Suburban|Holden Suburban (K8)]] (1998-2001),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Avalanche|Chevrolet Avalanche]] (2002-2013),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Escalade EXT|Cadillac Escalade EXT]] (2002-2013)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Silao Engine||[[w:Silao, Mexico|Silao]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V Small Block V8]]||2001||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation IV (2005–2020)|Gen IV Small Block V8]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Silao Transmission||[[w:Silao, Mexico|Silao]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:GM 8L45 transmission|8L45]], [[w:GM 8L90 transmission|8L90]], [[w:Ford-GM 10-speed automatic transmission|10L80]]||2008||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L50]], [[w:GM 6L80 transmission|6L80/90]] 

|-

|Z,&lt;br /&gt;S (Traverse &amp; Vue)||[[w:Spring Hill Manufacturing|Spring Hill Manufacturing]]||[[w:Spring Hill, Tennessee|Spring Hill, Tennessee]]||United States||&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Cadillac XT5|Cadillac XT5]]&lt;br&gt; (2017-2026)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Lyriq|Cadillac Lyriq]] (2023-) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Vistiq|Cadillac Vistiq]] (2026-) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (Starting 2027) &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM small gasoline engine#1.5|1.5L Turbo I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Ecotec engine#Generation III|Ecotec Gen III 2.0L Turbo I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM L3B engine|2.7L L3B turbo I4]]&lt;br /&gt;5.3 &amp; 6.2 [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V &lt;br /&gt;Small-Block V8 Engine]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Stamping&lt;br /&gt;Components||1990||2009-2012||Located at 100 Saturn Parkway. The original home of the [[w:Saturn Corporation|Saturn]] brand. Originally, Saturn built everything here - all its vehicles, engines, transmissions, stampings, and components. But, gradually, Saturn production was broadened to other plants and by 2007, Saturn production in Spring Hill had ended. Spring Hill made products for other GM brands and has continued to do so since Saturn was closed down during GM's bankruptcy. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Saturn S-Series|Saturn S-Series]] (1991-2002), [[w:Saturn Ion|Saturn Ion]] (2003-2007), [[w:Saturn Vue#First generation (2002)|Saturn Vue]] (2002-2007), [[w:Chevrolet Traverse#First generation (2009)|Chevrolet Traverse]] (2009-2010), [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2013-2016), [[w:GMC Acadia#Second generation (2017)|GMC Acadia]] (2017-2023), [[w:Holden Acadia|Holden Acadia (AC)]], [[w:Cadillac XT6|Cadillac XT6]] (2020-2025),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Acura ZDX#Second generation (2024)|Acura ZDX EV]] (2024).&lt;br /&gt;  


Past Engines: [[w:Saturn I4 engine|Saturn I4 engine]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.4|Ecotec Gen II 2.4L I4]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:GM Ecotec engine#LHU (A20NFT Opel)|Ecotec Gen II LHU 2.0L Turbo I4]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#Generation III|Ecotec Gen III 2.5L I4]] &lt;br /&gt;  
 

[[w:Saturn MP transmission|Saturn MP series manual and automatic transmissions]] Transmission production in Spring Hill ended in 2002.  
 

Ion production ended March 28, 2007 and was replaced by the Belgian-built Astra for the 2008 model year. Vue production ended March 30, 2007 and moved to Mexico for the 2008 model year. Assembly was idled for more than a year beginning April 1, 2007 for conversion to Chevy Traverse production. Traverse production began September 2, 2008. Assembly idled in November 2009 when Chevy Traverse production was moved to Lansing Delta Township Assembly. Assembly reopened in September 2012&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/18/business/general-motors-said-to-offer-bonuses-in-new-deal-with-workers.html | work=The New York Times | author1=Bill Vlasic | author2=Nick Bunkley | title=G.M. Will Offer Bonuses in New Deal With Workers | date=September 17, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; to produce the [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Equinox]].  

 
Spring Hill also includes a plastic injection molding operation that produce various plastic components. Plastic components have also been produced for models not built in Spring Hill such as [[w:Chevrolet Traverse|Chevrolet Traverse]] and the [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C7)|Chevrolet Corvette (C7)]].

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:St. Catharines Engine Plant|St. Catharines Propulsion Plant]]||[[w:St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;Engine components||1954||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 570 Glendale Avenue. Operated as part of GM subsidiary McKinnon Industries, Ltd. until 1969 when it became &quot;General Motors of Canada Limited, St. Catharines&quot;. The Tremec TR-9080 8-speed dual clutch transmission used in the C8 Corvette was built by GM at St. Catharines under license from Tremec from the beginning of 2022 model year production through the end of the 2024 calendar year. It then moved to a Tremec plant in Michigan.&lt;br /&gt;Previously:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift I6 engine]] (1963-1967)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile V8 engine|Oldsmobile Rocket V8 engine]] (through 1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V6 engine#225|Buick 225 V6 engine]] (through 1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V8 engine|Buick V8 engine]] (300, 340, 401) (through 1966)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine|Chevrolet 60° OHV V6 engine]] (2.8, 3.1)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine#LQ1|Chevrolet 3.4L DOHC LQ1 V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM High Feature engine|High Feature V6 engine]] (2.8, 3.6)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)|Chevrolet Small-Block V8]] (265/267/283/305/307/327/350)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation III (1997–2007)|Gen III Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine#Generation IV (2005–2020)|Gen IV Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6T40 transmission|(GF6) 6T45 6-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Tremec|Tremec]] TR-9080 8-speed dual clutch transmission 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toledo Transmission|Toledo Transmission]]||[[w:Toledo, Ohio|Toledo, Ohio]]||United States||Transmissions:&lt;br /&gt; RWD GM-Allison 10-speed (10L1000) (AB1V) / 8-speed ([[w:GM 8L45 transmission|8L45]] &amp; [[w:GM 8L90 transmission|8L90]]) &lt;br /&gt; FWD GF9 9 Speed Transmissions||1956|| ||Located at 1455 West Alexis Road. Acquired from the former Martin-Parry Corporation in 1955. Replaced the older Toledo plant on Central Ave. &lt;br /&gt;Previously:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Turbo-Hydramatic#THM350|THM350 3-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Turbo-Hydramatic#THM700R4 / 4L60 / 4L60E / 4L65E / 4L70E|THM700R4/4L60 4-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4L60-E transmission|4L60-E/4L65-E/4L70-E 4-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6T40 transmission|(GF6) 6T30/35/40/45/50 6-speed automatic]] &lt;br /&gt; ([[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L45/6L50]] &amp; [[w:GM 6L80 transmission|6L80/6L90]]) 6-speed automatics

|-

||&amp;nbsp;||Toluca Engine||[[w:Toluca|Toluca]], [[w:State of Mexico|State of Mexico]] 

|[[w:Mexico|Mexico]] 

|[[w:GM small gasoline engine|GM Small Gasoline Engine 1.4L/1.5L I4]] (including 1.5 turbo LSD I4 for Equinox/Terrain)

[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine#Vortec 3000|Vortec 3000 Marine &amp; Industrial 4-cyl. engine]]&lt;br /&gt;  

5.0 &amp; 5.7 Marine &amp; Industrial V8 engines&lt;br /&gt; 

Small-Block V8 engines for the aftermarket&lt;br /&gt;  

Aluminum Foundry&lt;br /&gt;  

|1965 

| 

|Past engines: 
[[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 I4 engine]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine#292|Chevrolet 292 (4.8L) Inline-6]]

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Tonawanda Engine|Tonawanda Engine]]||[[w:Buffalo, New York|Buffalo, New York]]||United States||[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LV1|LV1]] 4.3L V6 

 
[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L84|L84]] 5.3L V8 

 
[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L86/L87|L87]] 6.2L V8 

 
[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L8T|L8T/L8S]] 6.6L V8 

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#LSY|LSY]] 2.0T I4 

 
|1938 

|&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2995 River Rd. Includes 3 plants. Plant #1 opened in 1938. Plant #4 opened in 1941. Plant #5 opened in 2001.  

Past engines:  

Built the [[w:Pratt &amp; Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp|Pratt &amp; Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp]] radial engine used in the [[w:B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] bomber during WW-2 

Built the [[w:Pratt &amp; Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp|Pratt &amp; Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp]] radial engine used in the [[w:P-61 Black Widow|P-61 Black Widow]] &amp; [[w:P-47 Thunderbolt|P-47 Thunderbolt]] fighters during WW-2 


[[w:Chevrolet 2300 engine|Chevrolet 2300 engine]] (Vega I4)


[[w:General Motors 122 engine|Chevrolet 122 engine]] (1.8/2.0/2.2L OHV I4)

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.2|Ecotec 2.2L Gen I]] (L850) 

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.2_2|Ecotec 2.2L Gen II]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.4|Ecotec 2.4L Gen II]] 

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#LTG|Ecotec Gen III LTG 2.0T I-4]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.5|Ecotec 2.5L Gen III]] 


[[w:General Motors Atlas engine#LK5 (Vortec 2800)|Atlas 2.8/2.9 I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors Atlas engine#L52 (Vortec 3500)|Atlas 3.5/3.7 I5]] 
 

[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Air 6 engine|Corvair Flat-6 (all)]] 


[[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine#Second generation: 1937–1962|Chevrolet Stovebolt / Blue Flame I6]] 


[[w:Chevrolet 90° V6 engine|Chevrolet 3.3L/3.8L/4.3L 90° V6]] 

 
[[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine|Chevrolet 60° V6 engine]], [[w:GM High Value engine|High Value 3.9L V6]] 

 
[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)|Chevrolet Small-Block V8]] 


[[w:Chevrolet Big-Block engine|Chevrolet Big-Block V8]] 

 
Gen V Small-Block 90° V6/V8: [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LV3|LV3]] 4.3L V6, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L82|L82]] 5.3L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L83|L83]] 5.3L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L86|L86]] 6.2L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LT1|LT1]] 6.2L V8, [[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT2|LT2]] 6.2L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LT4|LT4 6.2L Supercharged V8]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ultium#Production|Ultium Cells LLC - Spring Hill]]||[[w:Spring Hill, Tennessee|Spring Hill, Tennessee]]||United States||Ultium lithium-ion battery cells for EV's,&lt;br&gt; LFP batteries for energy storage systems||2024|| || Owned by Ultium Cells LLC, a 50/50 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:LG Energy Solution|LG Energy Solution]]. This is Ultium Cells' second plant. Located at 301 Donald F Ephlin Pkwy.
  
|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ultium#Production|Ultium Cells LLC - Warren]]||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||Ultium lithium-ion battery cells for EV's||2022|| || Owned by Ultium Cells LLC, a 50/50 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:LG Energy Solution|LG Energy Solution]]. This is Ultium Cells' first plant. Located at 7400 Tod Ave SW.
 
|- 

|1||[[w:Wentzville Assembly|Wentzville Assembly]]||[[w:Wentzville, Missouri|Wentzville, Missouri]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Express|Chevrolet Express]] (1996-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Savana|GMC Savana]] (1996-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Colorado|Chevrolet Colorado]] (2015-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Canyon|GMC Canyon]] (2015-)||1983||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1500 E. Rte. A. Originally opened to build the 1985 Fwd C-bodies. Began building Fwd H-bodies for 1986. On Oct. 29, 1991, Wentzville built the 30 millionth Pontiac, a white 1992 Bonneville SSEi. Ended passenger car production in 1994. Converted to truck production. Began building full-size vans in 1996. Added midsize pickups in 2014.  &lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Buick Electra#Sixth generation (1985–1990)|Buick Electra]] (1985-1990), [[w:Buick Park Avenue#First generation (1991–1996)|Buick Park Avenue]] (1991-1994), [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Ninth generation (1986–1991)|Oldsmobile Delta 88/88]] (1986-1991),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Tenth generation (1992–1999)|Oldsmobile 88]] (1992-1993), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#Eleventh generation (1985–1990)|Oldsmobile 98]] (1985-1989), [[w:Oldsmobile Touring Sedan|Oldsmobile Touring Sedan]] (1989),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Eighth generation (1987–1991)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1989-1991), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Ninth generation (1992–1999)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1992-93)

|-

|A||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Shanghai plant||[[w:Jinqiao|Jinqiao]], [[w:Pudong|Pudong]] district, [[w:Shanghai|Shanghai]]||[[w:China|China]]||[[w:Cadillac CT4|Cadillac CT4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CT5|Cadillac CT5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CT6|Cadillac CT6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Lyriq|Cadillac Lyriq]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Vistiq|Cadillac Vistiq]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Cadillac XT4|Cadillac XT4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac XT5|Cadillac XT5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac XT6|Cadillac XT6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Enclave#China (2020)|Buick Enclave]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Third generation (2017–present)|Buick GL8 ES/Avenir/PHEV (Mk III)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Fourth generation (2022)|Buick GL8 Century (Mk IV)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Electra Encasa (2025)|Buick Electra Encasa (Mk V)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick LaCrosse|Buick LaCrosse]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Sixth generation (2018)|Buick Regal]] (E2XX)&lt;br /&gt;Engines&lt;br /&gt;Engine components&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions&lt;br /&gt;Ultium batteries||1998||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. There are 3 vehicle production plants (North, South, &amp; East). North was the original plant. South began production in 2005. The East or &quot;Cadillac&quot; plant began production in 2016. On October 28, 2025, the Shanghai plant produced its 4 millionth vehicle, a 2026 Cadillac XT5.  

Past models: [[w:Buick Century#Sixth generation (1997–2005)|Buick New Century]] (W-body)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle#First generation (J200; 2003)|Buick Excelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#First generation (2000–2016)|Buick GL8 Mk I (1999-2004)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Park Avenue#Third generation (2007–2012)|Buick Park Avenue (WM)]] (CKD)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#China|Buick Regal]] (W-body)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Fifth generation (2008)|Buick Regal]] (Epsilon II)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Sail|Buick Sail]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Velite 5|Buick Velite 5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Velite 7|Buick Velite 7]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu XL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)#Chinese version|Chevrolet Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac ATS#ATS-L|Cadillac ATS-L]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CTS#First generation (2003)|Cadillac CTS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac STS#Chinese Cadillac SLS|Cadillac SLS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac XTS|Cadillac XTS]]&lt;br /&gt; 

Past Engines: [[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine#Production in China by SAIC-GM|Chevrolet 60° OHV V6]] 

|-

|D||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Dongyue Motors||[[w:Yantai|Yantai]], [[w:Shandong|Shandong]]||[[w:China|China]]||[[w:Buick Envision|Buick Envision]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac GT4|Cadillac GT4]]||2001||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. Originally founded in 2001 as Yantai Bodyshop Corp. which built Daewoo vehicles ([[w:Daewoo Lanos|Daewoo Lanos]]) under license from Daewoo Motor Co. SAIC-GM took over the plant in 2002. There are 2 vehicle production plants (North &amp; South). SAIC-GM Dongyue Motors joint venture is owned 50% by SAIC-GM, 25% by GM China, &amp; 25% by SAIC. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Buick Encore#First generation (2013)|Buick Encore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Encore GX|Buick Encore GX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Encore GX|Buick Encore Plus]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle#Second generation (2018)|Buick Excelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle GT#First generation (2009)|Buick Excelle GT/XT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Buick Sail|Buick Sail]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Second generation (T300; 2012)|Chevrolet Aveo (T300)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Third generation (2014)|Chevrolet Aveo (Mex.)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Chevrolet Sail|Chevrolet Corsa Plus (Chile)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Magnus|Chevrolet Epica (V200)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Tosca|Chevrolet Epica]] (V250)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Lova]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lova RV|Chevrolet Lova RV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando#Second generation (2018)|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail|Chevrolet Sail]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Trax]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Dongyue Powertrain||[[w:Yantai|Yantai]], [[w:Shandong|Shandong]]||[[w:China|China]]||Engines&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions including: [[w:GM 6T40 transmission|6T30/6T40/6T45/6T50]], [[w:Continuously variable transmission|CVT]]||1999||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. Originally founded in 1999 as Shandong Daewoo Automotive Engine Co., Ltd., a 50/50 joint venture between Daewoo Motor Co. &amp; Chinese partners owned by the Shandong provincial govt. SAIC-GM took over the plant in 2005. SAIC-GM Dongyue Powertrain joint venture is owned 50% by SAIC-GM, 25% by GM China, &amp; 25% by SAIC. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past Engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine#Generation III|Family I, Gen 3 engine]]   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Norsom Motors||[[w:Shenyang|Shenyang]], [[w:Liaoning|Liaoning]]||[[w:China|China]]|| ||1992||2025||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. Originally founded in 1992 as Jinbei GM Automotive Co. Ltd., a 30/70 joint venture between GM &amp; Shenyang Jinbei Automotive. Restructured into a 50/50 joint venture between GM &amp; Jinbei in 1998. SAIC-GM took over the joint venture in 2004, buying out Jinbei. The new SAIC-GM Norsom Motors joint venture is owned 50% by SAIC-GM, 25% by GM China, &amp; 25% by SAIC. Plant closed in February 2025 due to declining sales in China by SAIC-GM.

Past models:&lt;br /&gt; Jinbei GM:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995–2005)|Chevrolet Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Crew Cab]]&lt;br /&gt;SAIC-GM:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Seeker|Chevrolet Seeker]]&lt;br/&gt; [[w:Buick Encore#Second generation (2020)|Buick Encore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Envista|Buick Envista]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#First generation (2000–2016)|Buick GL8 Mk I (2004-2016)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Second generation (2010-present)|Buick GL8 Land Business Class (Mk II) (2010-2025)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Verano#Second generation (2016)|Buick Verano]] &lt;br/&gt; Engines

|- 

|V||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Wuhan Branch||[[w:Wuhan|Wuhan]], [[w:Hubei|Hubei]]||[[w:China|China]]||[[w:Buick Verano#Third generation (Pro, 2021)|Buick Verano Pro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Velite 6|Buick Velite 6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra E5|Buick Electra E5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra L7|Buick Electra L7]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra E7|Buick Electra E7]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Optiq|Cadillac Optiq]]&lt;br /&gt; Engines||2015&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Joseph Szczesny |date=30 January 2015 |title=Ford, GM Implement Expansion Plans in China |work=The Detroit Bureau |url=https://www.thedetroitbureau.com/2015/01/ford-gm-implement-expansion-plans-in-china/ |access-date=19 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Jamie L. LaReau |date=27 February 2020 |title=Restart of GM's plant in China stalls due to coronavirus crisis |work=Detroit Free Press |url=https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2020/02/27/gm-delays-start-production-china-plant-due-coronavirus-crisis/4884203002/ |access-date=19 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier#China|Chevrolet Cavalier]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Monza (China)|Chevrolet Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Menlo|Chevrolet Menlo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Third generation (2018)|Chevrolet Equinox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Fourth generation (2025)|Chevrolet Equinox Plus]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra E4|Buick Electra E4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle GT#Second generation (2015)|Buick Excelle GT/GX]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Sam McEachern|date=28 February 2020 |title=GM Delays Production Restart At Wuhan Plant As Coronavirus Crisis Continues |work=GM Authority |url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/02/gm-delays-production-restart-at-wuhan-plant-as-coronavirus-crisis-continues/ |access-date=19 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL6|Buick GL6]]

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] (HQ plant)||[[w:Liuzhou|Liuzhou]], [[w:Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region|Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|Wuling]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||1982||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. There are 2 vehicle production plants (East &amp; West). SAIC &amp; GM jointly created the joint venture with Wuling in 2002. The SAIC-GM-Wuling joint venture was originally owned 50.1% by SAIC, 34% by GM China, &amp; 15.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is now owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. Engine plant added in 2007.  

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Lechi (China)|Chevrolet Lechi (Spark)]], [[w:Baojun 630|Baojun 630]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] [[w:Baojun|Baojun]] Base||Liudong New District, [[w:Liuzhou|Liuzhou]], [[w:Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region|Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:Baojun|Baojun]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||2012||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. SAIC &amp; GM jointly created the joint venture with Wuling in 2002. The SAIC-GM-Wuling joint venture was originally owned 50.1% by SAIC, 34% by GM China, &amp; 15.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is now owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. Engine plant added in 2015.  

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Lechi (China)|Baojun Lechi]], [[w:Baojun 610|Baojun 610]], [[w:Baojun 630|Baojun 630]]  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] Chongqing Branch||[[w:Chongqing|Chongqing]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|Wuling]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||2014||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd.   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] Qingdao Branch||[[w:Qingdao|Qingdao]], [[w:Shandong|Shandong]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|Wuling]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. Originally founded in 1997 as [[w:Etsong Vehicle Manufacturing|Etsong Vehicle Manufacturing]]. SAIC-GM-Wuling took over the plant in 2005. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. Engine plant added in 2009.  

|-

|J||[[w:SGMW Motor Indonesia|SGMW Motor Indonesia]]||[[w:Cikarang|Cikarang]], [[w:West Java|West Java]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]|| [[w:Wuling Air EV|Wuling Air EV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Aira EV|Wuling Aira EV]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Wuling Binguo|Wuling Binguo EV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Cloud EV|Wuling Cloud EV ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Almaz|Wuling Almaz]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Alvez|Wuling Alvez]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Eksion|Wuling Eksion]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Wuling Confero|Wuling Confero]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Cortez|Wuling Cortez]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Darion|Wuling Darion]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Wuling Formo|Wuling Formo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Mitra EV|Wuling Mitra EV]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:MG4 EV|MG4 EV]], [[w:MG ZS (crossover)|MG ZS EV]], [[w:MGS5 EV|MGS5 EV]]&lt;br&gt;Battery packs||2017||&amp;nbsp;||100% owned and operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. In 2024, SGMW Motor Indonesia began producing MG models on behalf of PT SAIC Motor Indonesia. MG is owned by SAIC, a shareholder of SGMW. 

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#Second generation (CN202S; 2019)|Chevrolet Captiva]] 

|}

== Current partner factories == 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 

!VIN !! Name !! City/State !! Country !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products !! Opened !! Idled !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Comments 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Azermash CP LLC]]||[[w:Hajiqabul|Hajiqabul]]||[[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Nexia (T250)]], [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]], [[w:Suzuki Carry#Daewoo Damas|Chevrolet Damas/Labo]] ||2017|| ||Built under contract by Azermash CP LLC for GM &amp; UzAuto Motors.  

|- 

|A||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Uzbekistan]]/[[w:UzAuto Motors|UzAuto Motors]]||[[w:Asaka, Uzbekistan|Asaka]], [[w:Andijan Region|Andijan Region]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]],  [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker (2022-)]]||1996|| ||Originally established as Uz-DaewooAuto, a 50/50 joint venture between Daewoo Motor &amp; the Uzbek government. Became GM Uzbekistan, a 25/75 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat in 2008. GM was bought out by the Uzbek govt. in 2019 &amp; the company was renamed UzAuto Motors. Vehicles now built under license from GM by UzAuto Motors.  

Previous models: [[w:Daewoo Tico|Daewoo Tico]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#First generation (M100, M150; 1998)|Daewoo Matiz (M150)]], [[w:Daewoo Nexia|Daewoo Nexia]], [[w:Daewoo Nexia|Chevrolet Nexia]], [[w:Daewoo Gentra#Uzbekistan (2013–2015)|Daewoo Gentra]], [[w:Daewoo Damas|Daewoo Damas]], [[w:Daewoo Labo|Daewoo Labo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Nexia 3]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Chevrolet Spark (M300)]], [[w:Chevrolet Tacuma|Chevrolet Tacuma]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#First generation (M100, M150; 1998)|Ravon Matiz]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Ravon R2]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Ravon Nexia R3|Ravon Nexia R3]], [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Ravon R4]], [[w:Daewoo Gentra|Ravon Gentra R5]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Uzbekistan]]/[[w:UzAuto Motors|UzAuto Motors]]||[[w:Pitnak|Pitnak]], [[w:Khorezm Region|Khorezm Region]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Damas|Chevrolet Damas]]&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Labo|Chevrolet Labo]]  ||2014|| ||Was part of GM Uzbekistan, a 25/75 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat formed in 2008. GM was bought out by the Uzbek govt. in 2019 &amp; the company was renamed UzAuto Motors. Vehicles now built under license from GM by UzAuto Motors. In 2021, a new press shop opened at the Pitnak plant. 

Previous models: [[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2010)|Chevrolet Orlando]], [[w:Daewoo Damas|Daewoo Damas]], [[w:Daewoo Labo|Daewoo Labo]]   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Uzbekistan]]/[[w:UzAuto Motors|UzAuto Motors]]||[[w:Tashkent|Tashkent]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||Repair of used cars ||2009||2019||Was part of GM Uzbekistan, a 25/75 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat formed in 2008. GM was bought out by the Uzbek govt. in 2019 &amp; the company was renamed UzAuto Motors. Vehicles now built under license from GM by UzAuto Motors. Plant assembled SKD vehicles. SKD production ended in 2019. Plant is now used to repair &amp; overhaul used cars acquired as trade-ins for new cars, which are then resold by UzAuto.   

Previous models: [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker (initial production from SKD)]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Powertrain Uzbekistan]]/[[w:GM Uzbekistan|UzAuto Motors Powertrain]]||[[w:Tashkent|Tashkent]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||[[w:Daewoo S-TEC engine|1.2L &amp; 1.5L DOHC I4 engines]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.2L GM E-Turbo I3 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Engine components (crankshaft, block, heads)&lt;br /&gt;Aluminum Foundry ||2011|| ||GM Powertrain Uzbekistan is a 52/48 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat. In 2019, the company was renamed UzAuto Motors Powertrain after UzAvtosanoat bought out GM's share of the joint venture. It now builds engines &amp; components under license from GM.

|- 

|0,4,7,8,9||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] Fujisawa plant||[[w:Fujisawa, Kanagawa|Fujisawa, Kanagawa]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 4500 &amp; 5500 diesel]] (2016-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]]||1961||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] plant. &lt;br /&gt; Previous models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Gemini#In other markets|Buick Opel]] (1976-1979) [Plant Code: 8]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet LUV|Chevrolet LUV]] (1972-1982) [Plant Code: 8]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Spectrum|Chevrolet Spectrum]] (1985-1988)&lt;br&gt; [Plant Code: 8 ('85-'87), 7 ('88)]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet W-Series|Chevrolet W-Series]] (1986-2009)&lt;br&gt; [Plant Code: 8 ('86-'87), 7 ('88-'09)]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Spectrum|Geo Spectrum]] (1989) [Plant Code: 7]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Storm|Geo Storm]] (1990-1993) [Plant Code: 7]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC W-Series|GMC W-Series]] (1986-2009)&lt;br&gt; [Plant Code: 8 ('86-'87), 7 ('88-'09)]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#First generation (1972–1980)|Bedford KB25]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Bedford KB26/41]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Campo#Third generation (TF; 1988–2002)|Opel Campo/Bedford Brava/Vauxhall Brava]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Jackaroo#First generation (1981)|Holden Jackaroo (Gen 1)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Monterey#Second generation (1991)|Opel/Vauxhall Monterey/Holden Jackaroo (Gen 2)/Monterey]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Rodeo|Holden Rodeo]] (1981-2002) (KB/TF)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Piazza#First generation (JR120/130; 1980)|Holden Piazza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Shuttle|Holden Shuttle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu I-Mark|Isuzu I-Mark]], [[w:Isuzu Impulse|Isuzu Impulse]], [[w:Isuzu Stylus|Isuzu Stylus]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||PACE (Planta Automotiva do Ceará=Ceará Automotive Plant)||[[w:Horizonte, Ceará|Horizonte, Ceará]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark EUV|Chevrolet Spark EUV]] (2026-),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Wuling Starlight S|Chevrolet Captiva EV]]||2025|| ||Assembled from semi-knockdown kits imported from China under contract for GM. Production for GM began on December 3, 2025 with the Spark EUV. Production for non-GM brands is also expected. The plant is the former [[w:Troller|Troller]] plant that was bought by Ford in 2007 and closed in 2021. The plant is now operated by Comexport.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[SaryarkaAvtoProm]]/&lt;br&gt;Allur Automobile Plant||[[w:Kostanay|Kostanay]]||[[w:Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]], [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]]||2017|| ||Built under contract by SaryarkaAvtoProm for GM &amp; UzAuto Motors.  

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Nexia]], [[w:Chevrolet Niva|Chevrolet Niva]], [[w:Suzuki Carry#Daewoo Damas|Chevrolet Damas/Labo]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Ravon Nexia R3]] 

|- 

|S||[[w:Shyft Group|Shyft Group]] - Charlotte plant||[[w:Charlotte, Michigan|Charlotte, Michigan]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 3500/4500/5500 gas]] (2016-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 6500XD &amp; 7500XD]] (2018- &amp; 2023-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series gas]] (2012-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu FTR/FVR]] (2018- &amp; 2023-)||1961||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Shyft Group|Shyft Group]] plant. Built under contract for Isuzu and GM. 

|}

== Former factories == 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 
! style=&quot;width:20px;&quot;|VIN 
! style=&quot;width:60px;&quot;| Name 
! style=&quot;width:20px;&quot;| City/State 
! style=&quot;width:20px;&quot;| Country 
! style=&quot;width:90px;&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products 
! style=&quot;width:10px;&quot;| Opened 
! style=&quot;width:10px;&quot;| Idled 
! style=&quot;width:190px;&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Comments

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||AC Electronics||[[w:Oak Creek, Wisconsin|Oak Creek, Wisconsin]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||Automotive Electronics; Avionics, precision guidance systems, &amp; electro-mechanical devices for military use and space exploration (Apollo program) ||1948||1999||Located at 7929 S. Howell Ave. First known as GM's Electronics Division. In 1965, the Milwaukee Operations became known as AC Electronics Division of GM. In 1970, the division merged with Delco Radio and became known as Delco Electronics Division. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems (Delphi Electronics &amp; Safety) in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2008. Is now Drexel Town Square, a retail, commercial, residential and civic development.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug Division]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||AC Spark Plugs||1929||1975||Located on Industrial Ave at Harriet St. Built in 1909. Champion Ignition Co. moved here from their original location on the 3rd floor of a Buick building on Hamilton Ave. that they used from 1908. This complex was expanded multiple times and was on both sides of Industrial Ave. with 2 overhead walkways connecting the 2 sides. Champion Ignition Co. changed its name to AC Spark Plug in 1922. After founder Albert Champion died in 1927, GM took over AC Spark Plug in 1929. It became a GM division in 1933. Production gradually moved to the Flint East complex until the Industrial Ave. complex closed in 1975. Demolished in 1975-76. Site later used by Buick for parking as it was next to the Buick City complex.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint East|AC Spark Plug Flint East]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||Components (spark plugs, dashboard components such as instrument clusters, fuel system components, air/oil/fuel filters, and fuel pumps)||1929||1999||Located at 1300 North Dort Highway. (Now referred to as 2926 Davison Road, which is the north side instead of the west side of the property.) Purchased by AC Spark Plug in 1925. Plant previously belonged to [[w:Dort Motor Car Company|Dort Motor Car Company]], which went out of business in 1924. Initially produced all products other than spark plugs that were made by AC Spark Plug Co. After founder Albert Champion died in 1927, GM took over AC Spark Plug in 1929. It became a GM division in 1933. Production gradually moved from the old Industrial Ave. complex to the Flint East complex until the Industrial Ave. complex closed in 1975. Became known as Flint East in 1987, when AC took over the &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex from Chevrolet on Flint's west side, which became known as Flint West. Became AC Rochester in 1988 when AC Spark Plug Division merged with Rochester Products Division. AC Rochester initially had its world headquarters here, just as AC Spark Plug had before the merger. Subsequently, AC Rochester headquarters moved to the Great Lakes Technology Center in the old Flint Fisher Body plant. In 1994, AC Rochester merged with Delco Remy and became AC Delco Systems. Grouped under GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] in 1999. GM supplied the UAW workers from 2007 under agreement with Delphi and the UAW. Closed by Delphi in 2013.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug]]||[[w:Sioux City, Iowa|Sioux City, Iowa]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Throttle#Throttle body|Throttle Body Fuel Injection Systems]]||1981||1993||Located at 1805 Zenith Drive. Formerly a Zenith Radio Factory. Now the headquarters of Bomgaars Supply, Inc.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug]]||[[w:Wichita Falls, Texas|Wichita Falls, Texas]]||United States||AC Air Filters||1972||1999||Located at 8600 Interstate 44 Service Rd. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2008. Now owned by Panda Biotech.

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp. - Kirkby plant]]||[[w:Kirkby|Kirkby]], [[w:Merseyside|Merseyside]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Instrument panels, Gauges, Fuel pumps, Fuel/temperature senders, Oil pressure switches, Radiator caps, Thermostats||1958||?||Plant is near Liverpool. Located on Moorgate Road. Kirkby was originally part of the AC-Delco division of GM Ltd. When the Kirkby plant opened in 1958, production of fuel pumps, thermostats, and instruments was moved there from the Dunstable components plant. In 1979, Kirkby became aligned with AC Spark Plug in the US. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and the Kirkby plant became part of AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp. - Southampton plant]]||[[w:Southampton|Southampton]], [[w:Hampshire|Hampshire]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Air filter elements, Oil filters, Fuel filters, Catalytic converters||1952||?|| Located on West Bay Road in the New Dock area of Southampton. Originally opened in 1938 as a vehicle assembly plant making Chevrolets (See listing for &quot;GM Ltd.&quot;). Plant acquired by GM Ltd. in 1951. Southampton was originally part of AC-Sphinx Plug Co., a division of GM Ltd. In 1952, AC-Sphinx Plug Co. was renamed AC-Delco division of GM Ltd. When the Southampton plant opened in 1952, production of automotive filters (air filters, fuel filters) was moved there from the Dunstable components plant. In 1979, Southampton became aligned with AC Spark Plug in the US. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and the Southampton plant became part of AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Allison,&lt;br&gt; [[w:Allison Transmission|Allison Transmission]], Allison Gas Turbine||[[w:Indianapolis|Indianapolis]], Indiana||United States||Allison Transmissions,&lt;br&gt; Engines for airplanes &amp; helicopters,&lt;br&gt; Bearings and Gears||1929||2007||Located at 4700 W. 10th St. Founded in 1915 as Speedway Team Co. In 1920, it was renamed Allison Engineering Co. Acquired by GM in 1929, it became the Allison Division of GM. GM began designing the CD-850 transmission for tracked military vehicles in 1941; the design was completed in 1944 and Allison was awarded the contract to manufacture the prototypes. In February 1945, General Motors formed the Allison Transmission Engineering Section. In 1946, GM divided the division into 2 sections: Aircraft Operations and Transmission Operations. In 1970, Allison Division merged with the Detroit Diesel Engine Division to become the Detroit Diesel-Allison Division. In 1983, the aviation turbine engine operations were separated out to form a separate division called the Allison Gas Turbine Division. In 1987, the transmission operations are separated out to form the Allison Transmission Division. Allison Gas Turbine was sold in a management buyout in 1993 becoming the Allison Engine Company. [[w:Allison Engine Company|Allison Engine Company]] was then sold in 1995 to [[w:Rolls-Royce Holdings|Rolls-Royce PLC]]. GM sold Allison Transmission in 2007 to private equity groups Carlyle Group &amp; Onex Corp., becoming Allison Transmission Inc. Allison went public as Allison Transmission Holdings Inc. in 2012, trading on the New York Stock Exchange.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Cadillac Amsterdam Street plant||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]s||1903||1920||Cadillac's first volume production plant. Located at 450 Amsterdam Street, at the intersection with Cass Avenue. Rebuilt in 1904 after a fire destroyed the original plant. This plant predated Cadillac being part of GM. Replaced by the Clark Street plant in 1921. 

|- 

|5 (Plant 2)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 6 (Plant 1)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;9 (Pre-1976)||Antwerp||[[w:Antwerp|Antwerp]]||[[w:Belgium|Belgium]]||[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra H (A04; 2004)|Opel/Vauxhall Astra GTC &amp; OPC/VXR (H)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#TwinTop|Opel/Vauxhall Astra TwinTop]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Saturn Astra|Saturn Astra]] (2008 &amp; in Canada '09)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fourth generation (TS; 1998)|Holden Astra (TS)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fifth generation (AH; 2004)|Holden Astra (AH)]] ||1925||2010||Originally known as GM Continental SA, then as Opel Antwerp from 1994-2004, &amp; finally as GM Belgium from 2004 on. The original plant was an ex-abbey on Fortuinstraat. In 1926, production moved to an old velodrome on the corner of St. Laureystraat &amp; Haantjeslei. In 1929, production moved to a site in the port of Antwerp near the Albert dock. The site at the port was destroyed by bombing raids in World War II. Production temporarily moved back to the velodrome from 1946-1953. In 1953, a new plant opened on the Noorderlaan which would later come to be known as Plant 1. In 1967, a second plant opened about 6.2 miles (10&amp;nbsp;km) north of the Noorderlaan plant near the Churchill dock. This was called Plant 2. In August 1988, production was consolidated in Plant 2 and Plant 1 was used as a parts warehouse until 1992 and the property was then sold. Plant 2 ended production in December 2010. First vehicle off the line was a Chevrolet. Assembled Opel &amp; Vauxhall cars, Bedford trucks and American GM brands (Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Buick, &amp; Cadillac) from CKD kits. Also built the [[w:Ranger (automobile)#Europe|Ranger]]. The plant finally closed its doors on December 17, 2010, about two days after last Opel car rolled off the assembly line.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (first generation from CKD kits)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Olympia|Opel Olympia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors de Argentina|General Motors de Argentina]]||[[w:San Telmo, Buenos Aires|San Telmo]] and [[w:Barracas, Buenos Aires|Barracas]] in [[w:Buenos Aires|Buenos Aires]] &amp; [[w:San Martín, Buenos Aires|San Martin]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||Chevrolet (cars and trucks) including [[w:Chevrolet 400|Chevrolet 400]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevy Malibu|Chevrolet Chevy]], &amp; [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)#Medium-duty trucks|Chevrolet C-50/C-60/C-70]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series|Chevrolet B-60 bus chassis]]&lt;br /&gt; Oldsmobile &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel K 180|Opel K 180]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine#Argentina|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Bedford diesel engines||1925 (San Telmo)&lt;br /&gt;1928 (Barracas)&lt;br /&gt;1940 (San Martin plant)||1978 (San Martin plant)||Other GM brands manufactured included GMC, Opel, and Bedford trucks along with Pontiac, Oakland, Marquette, Buick, LaSalle, Cadillac, Opel, and Vauxhall passenger cars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/GM_Argentina|title=GM Argentina}}&lt;/ref&gt; Also Frigidaire refrigerators.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Aymesa|Aymesa]]||[[w:Quito, Ecuador|Quito]]||[[w:Ecuador|Ecuador]]|| ||1973||1999 (Last GM production)|| First automotive assembler in Ecuador. GM bought 36.95% of AYMESA in 1982 &amp; increased its stake to 45.9% in 1984. GM sold off its stake in 1999 and switched to using OBB as its Ecuadorian partner. Aymesa now assembles vehicles for Kia and Hyundai.

Past models: [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Chevrolet Corsa]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#First generation (1983)|Suzuki Forsa]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Suzuki Forsa II/Chevrolet Swift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors T platform (1973)|Chevrolet San Remo]]&lt;br /&gt;Aymesa Gacela&lt;br /&gt;Aymesa Condor&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Aymesa Andino]]&lt;br /&gt;Aymesa Amigo 

|- 

|3 (since 1993)&lt;br /&gt;A (before 1993)||Azambuja||[[w:Azambuja|Azambuja]]||[[w:Portugal|Portugal]]||[[w:Opel Combo#Kadett Combo (Combo A; 1986)|Opel Kadett Combo A/Bedford &amp; Vauxhall Astravan &amp; Astramax]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Combo B (1993-2001)|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Combo]] B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Combo C (2001-2012)|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Combo]] C||1963||2006||Past models:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa Van|Opel Corsavan]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Amigo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford CF|Bedford CF]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK]]&lt;br /&gt;Various Opel, Vauxhall, &amp; Bedford models. 

|- 

|B &lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;and 1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt; and 1965-2005)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;14 (1935-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 7 (1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Baltimore Assembly|Baltimore Assembly]]||[[w:Baltimore|Baltimore]], [[w:Maryland|Maryland]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Astro|Chevrolet Astro]] (1985-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Astro|GMC Safari]] (1985-2005) ||1935||2005||Located at 2122 Broening Highway. Production began in March 1935 (March 11 for trucks and March 26 for cars). Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Baltimore Assembly began making Pontiac and Buick passenger cars for 1964. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Baltimore Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. During WWII, the Chevrolet side of the plant operated as a military parts depot where parts were received, processed, and packaged for shipment around the world. It also built 2,650 [[w:GMC CCKW 2½-ton 6×6 truck|GMC CCKW 6x6 trucks]]. The Fisher Body side of the plant became part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division and assembled the rear fuselage, tail assembly, &amp; all control surfaces for Grumman carrier-based aircraft. Car production ended on March 31, 1984. Converted to a Truck and Bus Group assembly plant for 1985. Production restarted in August 1984. Closed on May 13, 2005. Baltimore Assembly produced over 12 million vehicles. Demolished. Now the Chesapeake Commerce Center and an Amazon distribution center.&lt;br /&gt; 

Past models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Gran Sport|Buick GS]] (1965-1968),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1964-68),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1964-67), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-57), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-57), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1980), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960, 1964-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1983), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970-1984), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1957, 1962, 1964-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1980), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1971-1977), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Seventh generation (1982–1986)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1983-1984), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Fifth generation (1978–1987)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1983-1984), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1964-1970, 1978-1981), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1964-1970) 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Baltimore Transmission|Baltimore Transmission]]||[[w:White Marsh, Maryland|White Marsh]], [[w:Maryland|Maryland]]||United States||Allison 1000 Series transmissions: [[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Silverado HD]], [[w:GMC Sierra|Sierra HD]]&lt;br /&gt;Hybrid 2-mode transmissions ([[w:Global Hybrid Cooperation|2ML70]]): [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon Hybrid]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Hybrid|Cadillac Escalade Hybrid]], [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid]], [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|GMC Sierra Hybrid]]&lt;br /&gt;Electric motor (MME) &amp; final-drive unit (1ET35) for [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Spark EV|Chevy Spark EV]]&lt;br /&gt;Torque converters for 6-speed rwd automatic transmissions||2000||2019||Located at 10301 Philadelphia Road. Originally part of Allison Transmission.  Became a GM Powertrain facility in 2004. Name changed to Baltimore Operations in 2012 with the addition of the Electric Motor Plant built next to the existing Transmission Plant. Closed in 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2019/04/gm-baltimore-employees-irate-over-plant-closure/|title = GM Baltimore Employees Irate over Plant Closure|author=Anthony Alaniz|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = 19 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Now called White Marsh Interchange Park, a complex of 9 new one-story buildings of office and warehouse space that replaces the previous GM plant which has been demolished.

|- 

|T||[[w:Bedford Dunstable plant|Bedford Dunstable plant]]||[[w:Dunstable|Dunstable]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks and buses]] including:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Bedford S type|Bedford S series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TA|Bedford TA/TD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK/KM]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TL|Bedford TL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TM|Bedford TM]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford SB|Bedford SB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford VAL|Bedford VAL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford VAM|Bedford VAM]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford VAS|Bedford VAS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Y series|Bedford Y series]]&lt;br /&gt;Bedford gas &amp; diesel engines||1942 (for wartime production)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; 1955 (for civilian production)||1987||Was located on Boscombe Road. Bedford truck and bus production was moved to Dunstable from Luton in 1955. GM sold the Bedford heavy truck business to AWD Trucks in 1987. AWD Trucks went bankrupt in 1992. Parts of the site were demolished in 1993. More was demolished in 1997. The remainder was demolished in 2005. The [[w:Commer|Commer]] plant was located across Boscombe Road in Dunstable from the 1960's.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Bombay||[[w:Bombay|Bombay]], [[w:Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars, trucks, &amp; buses||1928||1954||The first automobile assembly plant in India. The original GM India Ltd. was closed in 1954.  

|- 

|12 (Buffalo Assembly from 1928)||[[w:Buffalo Assembly|Buffalo Assembly]]/&lt;br /&gt;Buffalo Gear &amp; Axle||[[w:Buffalo, New York|Buffalo, New York]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]]&lt;br /&gt; Axles, drivetrain components||1923||1994||Located at 1001 E. Delavan Ave. Built cars until World War II &amp; was then converted to make axles. Operation was renamed Saginaw Gear and Axle in 1984. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] in 1994. All operations ended in 2007 &amp; the factory closed. Called the Historic American Axle Building. Purchased by Viridi in 2018. 

|- 

|H (1965-1999)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 1 (1938-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Buick City|Buick City]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1999)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Park Avenue|Buick Park Avenue]] (1994-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1987, 1989-1995)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Ninth generation (1992–1999)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1996-1999)||1904||1999||This was Buick's home plant. It predated the founding of GM in 1908. This is the part of the Buick factory complex south of Leith St. stretching south to E. Hamilton Ave. The complete complex, including both North and South portions totals 412,947 acres. The original factory was at one time the largest in the world and was completely vertically integrated, making nearly every component within the complex. During WWII, Buick built [[w:M18 Hellcat|M18 Hellcat]] tanks &amp; [[w:M39 armored utility vehicle|M39 armored utility vehicles]] here. The plant was converted to build unibody, fwd cars for 1986 instead of the previous body-on-frame, rwd cars. The modernized plant was renamed Buick City. The factory closed in June 1999. Last car built was a 1999 Buick LeSabre. Demolished by 2002. The site of Buick's administration building, 902 E. Hamilton Ave., is now a seating plant owned by Lear Corp., which opened in 2018. It supplies seats to GM's nearby Flint Truck Assembly Plant as well as GM's Fort Wayne Assembly Plant in Indiana. A large piece of the property is now being redeveloped as Flint Commerce Center.&lt;br&gt; Past models: [[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971–1973),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1936-42, 1954-1958, 1973-1981), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1984), [[w:Buick Estate|Buick Estate]] (1940-64, 1970-76), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1965-1972), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick Limited|Buick Limited]] (1936-42, 1958), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1973-1985), [[w:Buick Riviera|Buick Riviera]] (1963-1978), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1936-58), [[w:Buick Skylark#1953–1954|Buick Skylark]] (1953-1954), [[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1961-72), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1936-58, 1961-69), [[w:Buick Sport Wagon|Buick Sport Wagon]] (1964-1971), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1940-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970) [[w:Marquette (automobile)#Buick brand|Marquette]] (1930), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Third generation (1977–1990)|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1984-1985), [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Sixth generation (1977–1985)|Chevrolet Impala]] (1984-1985),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fourth generation (1978–1988)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1985). 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Cadillac Stamping||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Stamped body parts for Cadillac||1956||1987||Located at 9501 Conner St. Originally built by Clayton &amp; Lambert Manufacturing Company for their Knodell Division. Sold to Hudson Motor Car Company in 1925. Made bodies for Hudson. Bought by GM in 1956. Demolished in 2021. Site used by [[w:Lear Corp.|Lear Corp.]] to make seats to supply GM's Factory Zero plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Cartercar|Cartercar]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Cartercar automobiles||1909||1915||Located on Franklin Rd. where Franklin turns into Linfere St. which then intersects with Brush St. This factory previously belonged to Pontiac Spring &amp; Wagon Works. Cartercar moved into this factory in 1908. Cartercar was purchased by GM on October 26, 1909. Cartercar was known for its [[w:Friction drive|friction drive transmission]]. GM closed Cartercar in 1915. There was then talk that GM would build a 6-cylinder Oakland model at this factory but it doesn't seem to have ever happened. GM sold the factory to Olympian Motors Company in 1917, which built Olympian cars there from 1917-1919. In 1920, the factory was sold to Friend Motors Corporation. Initially, Friend Motors Corporation continued production of Olympian cars and then switched to production of new Friend cars in 1921 but production ended with less than 50 cars built and Friend Motors went out of business. In 1922, Friend Motors owner Otis Friend filed for bankruptcy and factory ownership was transferred to Gotham National Bank in a foreclosure sale. The next occupant of the plant was the Wolverine Manufacturing Company which built furniture. Later, it was used as an agricultural supply warehouse. Most of the complex is gone but one building remains at 20 Franklin Rd. It was last occupied by House of Bedrooms, a furniture store. One side of the building still says &quot;The Wolverine&quot; at the top. The other side that faces Brush St. still says &quot;Pontiac Spring &amp; Wagon Works&quot; right under what were the highest row of windows.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Chevrolet Gear &amp; Axle||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Axles, gears, other components||1919||1994||Located at 1840 Holbrook Ave. Absorbed the former Northway engine plant on Holbrook Ave. in 1926 when Northway was liquidated by GM. Straddles the border of [[w:Detroit|Detroit]] and [[w:Hamtramck, Michigan|Hamtramck, Michigan]]. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] &amp; Manufacturing Inc. in 1994. Closed in 2012, demolished in 2013. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body - Chicago Metal Fabrication||[[w:Willow Springs, Illinois|Willow Springs, Illinois]]||United States||Stampings (such as floorpans) for GM vehicles||1953||1989||Located at 79th Street and Willow Springs Road. Buick produced J65-B-3 jet engines here for the [[w:Republic F-84F Thunderstreak|Republic F-84F Thunderstreak]]/RF84-F Thunderflash for use in the Korean War. Plant was associated with Buick-Oldsmobile-Cadillac Group but made body parts for all 5 of GM's passenger car divisions. Sold to [[w:United Parcel Service|UPS]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors de Chile|General Motors de Chile]]||[[w:Arica|Arica]]||[[w:Chile|Chile]]||[[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Chevrolet LUV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#Third generation (TF; 1988–2002)|Chevrolet LUV (TF)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#South America 2|Chevrolet Grand LUV (TF)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Chevrolet D-Max]]||1968&lt;br&gt;1974||1971&lt;br&gt;2008||Originally belonged to Alberto Avayú y Cía. S.A.I.C. (part of Empresas Indumotora) which built vehicles under license for GM beginning in 1960. Avayú built the [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C-1434]], [[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]], [[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Furgón (van)]]. GM bought the plant in 1968. Built [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova]] &amp; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|Chevrolet C10]]. GM left Chile at the end of 1971 but returned in 1974. Past models: [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|Chevrolet C-10 and C-30]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] medium duty truck, [[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Latin America|Brazilian Chevrolet Chevette]], and Japanese [[w:Isuzu Aska#South America (Chile, Ecuador)|Chevrolet Aska]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body - Cleveland Division||[[w:Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Bodies for GM vehicles||1921||1983||Located at Coit Road and E. 140th Street. Founded as Fisher Body Ohio Co. GM bought 60% of Fisher Body in 1919 and the remaining 40% in 1926. Began by building bodies for Chandler, Cleveland (a subsidiary of Chandler), Chrysler, and the Oakland &amp; Chevrolet divisions of GM. After 1926, it only made bodies for GM. In 1936, the plant switched from making whole bodies to doing metal trim and fabrication due to a decrease in demand for cars due to the Depression. Production of auto bodies resumed after World War II. Built bodies for low-volume models like the 55-57 Chevy Nomad and convertible models. In the 1970's, it built large stamping dies and upholstery &amp; trim sets. Closed in August 1983 as a metal fabrication plant. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Cleveland Diesel Engine Division|Cleveland Diesel Engine Division]]||[[w:Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Heavy-duty diesel engines for locomotives, marine use (ships and submarines), and stationary use||1930||1962||Founded by Alexander Winton, company began operation in Nov. 1912 as the Winton Gas Engine &amp; Mfg. Co. at 2116 W. 106th St. Renamed the Winton Engine Works in 1916 and later as the Winton Engine Company. GM bought Winton Engine Co. on June 20, 1930 and renamed it Winton Engine Corp. on June 30, 1930. In 1938, it was renamed Cleveland Diesel Engine Division. In January 1941, locomotive engine development and production was transferred to GM's Electro-Motive Division. Marine and stationary diesel engines were still handled by Cleveland Diesel Engine Division. In the 1950s, Cleveland Diesel Engine expanded with the acquisition of plants at 2160 W. 106th St. and 8200 Clinton Rd. The advent of nuclear-powered submarines in the 1950's reduced the US Navy's need for the large diesel engines produced by Cleveland Diesel and in 1962, GM closed down the division and transferred any remaining engine production to Electro-Motive Division's La Grange plant in McCook, Illinois. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Colmotores|GM Colmotores]]||[[w:Bogotá|Bogotá]]||[[w:Colombia|Colombia]]||Products from [[w:GM do Brasil|GM do Brasil]]: [[w:Chevrolet Onix#First generation (2013)|Chevrolet Joy]] 

&lt;br /&gt;Products from [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]]: [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet F-Series Bus]], [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet F-Series truck]], [[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series Bus]], [[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series truck]], Chevrolet LV-series Bus 

||1979||2024||Founded in 1956 as Colmotores, production began in 1962 with the [[w:Austin Motor Company|Austin]] brand, then switched to the [[w:Dodge|Dodge]] brand in 1965 when Chrysler took a 60% stake in what was now Colmotores-Chrysler. GM took over Colmotores in 1979 (Chrysler was dropped from the company name at this point). Chevrolet truck production began in 1980. Chevrolet car production began in 1982. Colmotores became GM Colmotores in 1991. Closed in April 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2024/04/gm-shutting-down-manufacturing-operations-in-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = GM Shutting Down Manufacturing Operations In Colombia And Ecuador|author=Deivis Centeno|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = April 29, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.americaeconomia.com/en/business-industries/general-motors-announces-end-car-manufacturing-operations-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = General Motors announces the end of car manufacturing operations in Colombia and Ecuador|publisher=AmericaEconomia.com|date = April 26, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Past products from [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]: [[w:Chevrolet C/K#Third generation (1973–1991)|Chevrolet C-10]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K#Third generation (1973–1991)|Chevrolet C-30]], [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]], [[w:GMC Brigadier|Chevrolet Brigadier/Super Brigadier]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:GM do Brasil|GM do Brasil]]: [[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Latin America|Chevrolet Chevette]], [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Opel Ascona#Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]]: [[w:Isuzu Faster|Chevrolet LUV]], [[w:Isuzu Trooper#First generation (1981–1991)|Chevrolet Trooper]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]]: [[w:Suzuki Cultus#First generation (1983)|Chevrolet Sprint]] (note: this is the same name as the one that was sold in the U.S. and Canada in the 80's), [[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Chevrolet Swift]], [[w:Suzuki Alto#Fifth generation (1998)|Chevrolet Alto]], [[w:Suzuki Cultus Crescent|Chevrolet Esteem]], [[w:Suzuki Jimny#Third generation (1998)|Chevrolet Jimny]], [[w:Suzuki Jimny#Second generation (1981)|Chevrolet Samurai]], [[w:Suzuki Solio#Predecessor: Wagon R-Wide (MA61S/MB61S; 1997)|Chevrolet Wagon R+]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:Opel|Opel]]: [[w:Opel Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:GM Korea|Daewoo/GM Korea]]: [[w:Daewoo Matiz#Second generation (M200, M250; 2005)|Chevrolet Spark]], [[w:Daewoo Matiz#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Chevrolet Spark GT]], [[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Chevrolet Optra]], [[w:Daewoo Kalos|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt;Products from [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]: [[w:Chevrolet Sail#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Sail]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Constantine Transmission||[[w:Constantine, Michigan|Constantine, Michigan]]||United States||Automatic Transmissions||Between 1977 and 1980||Between 1987 and 1994|| Part of GM St. Joseph County Operations &amp; GM Hydramatic Division.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Danville Foundry||[[w:Danville, Illinois|Danville, Illinois]]||United States||[[w:Casting|Iron castings]]||1943||1995|| Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. Leased by [[w:Defense Plant Corporation|Defense Plant Corporation]] to pour castings for military equipment during [[w:World War II|World War II]]. Also supplied castings to Ford, Chrysler, and AMC. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Delco Chassis||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia, Michigan]]||United States||Bumpers||1953||1998||Site bought by GM in 1953. Located at 12950 and 13000 Eckles Road. Buildings demolished in 2001. Redeveloped into multi-tenant commercial use. One of the tenants is Amazon. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Moraine NDH]] Dayton North (NDH=New Departure Hyatt)||[[w:Dayton, Ohio|Dayton, Ohio]] (Needmore Rd.)||United States||Master Cylinders/Brake Pads/Brake Calipers/ABS Assemblies||1965||1999||Located at 3100 Needmore Road. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive|Delphi]] in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2008. Demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Moraine NDH]] Dayton South (NDH=New Departure Hyatt)||[[w:Dayton, Ohio|Dayton, Ohio]] (Wisconsin Blvd.)||United States||Engine Bearings/Master Cylinders/Brake Pads/Brake Calipers/ABS Assemblies||1936||1999||Located at 1420 Wisconsin Boulevard. Delphi Chassis Systems. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive|Delphi]] in 1999. Demolished in 2003.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Moraine NDH]] (NDH=New Departure Hyatt)||[[w:Sandusky, Ohio|Sandusky, Ohio]]||United States||Wheel Bearings &amp; Wheel Bearing Assemblies||1946||1999||Located at 2509 Hayes Ave. Transferred to Delphi in 1995 which was then spun off in 1999, later sold to Hephaestus Holdings Inc. (HHI, Inc.), through its subsidiary Kyklos Bearing International (KBI) in 2008. HHI's parent, KPS Capital Partners, sold HHI to American Securities LLC in 2012. American Securities combined HHI with Metaldyne, which it also acquired in 2012, to form Metaldyne Performance Group (MPG) in 2014. Metaldyne closed the plant in 2017 when it exited the wheel bearing business.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Products]]||[[w:Kettering, Ohio|Kettering, Ohio]]||United States||Shock Absorbers, Struts, Impact Absorbers, Electric Motors, Windshield Wiper Assemblies||1957||1999||Located at 2555 Woodman Dr. (Administrative offices were at 2000 Forrer Blvd.) Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. A large portion of the site has been used by [[w:Tenneco|Tenneco Inc.]] since 2008. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Products Overseas Corp.]]||[[w:Dunstable|Dunstable]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Windshield wiper motors, Wiper/washer units, Heater blower motors, Cooling fan motors, Ignition coils, Distributors, etc.||1934|| ?||Located on High Street North. In 1923, AC Sphinx Sparking Plug Co., Ltd. was created by a 50/50 merger of the British branch of AC Spark Plug Co. and the Sphinx Manufacturing Co., a British spark plug manufacturer based in Birmingham. When AC Spark Plug founder Albert Champion died in 1927, AC Sphinx became wholly owned by AC Spark Plug Co. of Flint, MI. GM was already the major shareholder in AC Spark Plug and took it over completely in 1933, including AC Sphinx in the UK. AC Sphinx Sparking Plug Co., Ltd. moved to Dunstable from their original site in Birmingham beginning in 1934. The transfer to Dunstable was completed in 1936 and the Birmingham plant was relinquished. Dunstable made spark plugs as well as many other automotive components. In 1946, GM Ltd. acquired AC Sphinx as well as Delco-Remy and Hyatt Ltd. from parent GM in the US. In 1947, AC Sphinx was renamed AC-Sphinx Plug Co., a division of GM Ltd. In 1952, AC-Sphinx Plug Co. was renamed AC-Delco division of GM Ltd. When the Southampton plant was added in 1952, production of automotive filters (air filters, fuel filters) was moved there from Dunstable. When the Kirkby plant was added in 1958, production of fuel pumps, thermostats, and instruments was moved there from Dunstable. In 1979, Dunstable became aligned with Delco Products in the US. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and Dunstable became Delco Products Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Anaheim, California|Anaheim, California]]||United States||Batteries||1954||1999||Known as Plant 13. Located at 1201 N. Magnolia St. Supplied batteries to GM's California assembly plants like Fremont, Southgate and Van Nuys and to the West Coast aftermarket. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2005. Demolished. Is now Northgate Gonzalez Market. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Anderson, Indiana|Anderson, Indiana]]||United States||Starters, Generators, HEI Ignition, DIS Ignition, Switches, Magnets||1906||1994/1999|| The Heavy Duty Systems unit and a portion of the Automotive Systems unit (passenger car cranking motors) were spun off as [[w:Remy International|Delco Remy International]] in 1994, which was renamed [[w:Remy International|Remy International]] in 2004. Delco Remy International closed all manufacturing in Anderson in 2003. These parts of Delco Remy (the parts not spun off into Remy International) - Ignition (Plant 20) and Generator (Plant 11) products along with the Engineering Center (Plant 18) and Tooling (Plant 16) - merged with AC Rochester in 1994 to form AC Delco Systems. AC Delco Systems became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Delphi has since closed all 4 facilities in Anderson. Plant 11 closed in 2005 &amp; was demolished in 2006. Plant 16 (2316 Jefferson St.) was sold in 2011 ERTL Enterprises &amp; is now used by multiple businesses. Plant 18 (2900 South Scatterfield Road) closed in 2003 &amp; was turned over to the city Of Anderson in 2006. Plant 20 (2812 E 38th St.) closed in 2007 &amp; is now a distribution center for Sutong Tire Resources, a Chinese tire importer. Plant 45, at 6435 South Scatterfield Road, was the Magnequench plant that produced rare earth neodymium magnets. That business is now owned by NEO Material Technologies of Toronto, Ontario, Canada but the plant itself is now owned by Home Design Products, which makes plastic chairs and other products.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Bloomfield, New Jersey|Bloomfield, New Jersey]]||United States||Batteries||1936||1945||Located on 55 La France Ave. During WWII, became part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division from 1942 making wiring harnesses, hydraulic tubing and assemblies, and ammunition boxes for the Avenger bombers &amp; Wildcat fighters made by Eastern Aircraft. After WWII, it was replaced by the New Brunswick Battery Plant as it wasn't considered economically practical to convert back to battery production. Bloomfield produced 8 million batteries for Delco Remy. In 1950, the plant was sold to General Plastics for doing fluoropolymer coating.  General Plastics and the building still exist today.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Fitzgerald, Georgia|Fitzgerald, Georgia]]||United States||Batteries||1973||1999||Known as Plant 22. Located at 342 Perry House Road. Supplied batteries to GM's Georgia assembly plants like Lakewood and Doraville and to the regional aftermarket. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Delphi sold its battery business to Johnson Controls in in July 2005 but the Fitzgerald plant continued supplying batteries to Johnson Controls through 2007. Closed by Delphi in 2007. Demolished. 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Meridian, Mississippi|Meridian, Mississippi]]||United States||Starting motors, permanent magnet gear reduction cranking motors, powdered metal forge||1976||1994||Plant was originally built for National Homes Corp. Known as Plant 25. Spun off with [[w:Remy International|Delco Remy International]] in 1994. Closed by Delco Remy International in 1998. Production consolidated in Anderson, Indiana.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]/&lt;br&gt;[[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]]||[[w:Muncie, Indiana|Muncie, Indiana]]||United States||Sheridan automobiles &lt;br&gt;Batteries||1919&lt;br&gt;1928||1921&lt;br&gt;1978||Located on West Willard Street. Originally built in 1908 by [[w:Inter-State Automobile Company|Inter-State Automobile Company]] which went bankrupt in 1913 and was renamed Inter-State Motor Company, resuming production in 1914. Built tractors for the military in WWI but did not resume civilian production in 1918 and the factory was idled. GM owned the plant from 1919-1921 to build the [[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]] brand. Sold to [[w:Durant Motors|Durant Motors]] in 1921. Bought by Delco Remy division of GM in 1928. Known as Plant 9. Replaced by more modern Plant 26 in 1978. Plant 9 was demolished in 1978-79. 

|- 


|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Muncie, Indiana|Muncie, Indiana]]||United States||Batteries||1977||1994|| Located at 4500 S.  Delaware Dr. Known as Plant 26. Replaced Plant 9 in 1978. Plant 26 closed and was demolished in 1998.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:New Brunswick, New Jersey|New Brunswick, New Jersey]]||United States||Batteries||1946||1999||Known as Plant 12. Located at 167 Jersey Ave. Replaced the pre-war Bloomfield plant. Supplied batteries to GM's East Coast assembly plants like Tarrytown, Wilmington, and Baltimore and to the East Coast aftermarket. Started making Freedom batteries in 1973 for Chevy Vega. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Delphi sold to Johnson Controls in August 2006. Closed by Johnson Controls in 2007. Partly demolished in 2014 (the south half of the building along with the guard shack in front of the plant). The remaining facility at the north end of the property is now the Cal-Chlor Corp. East Packaging and Distribution Facility. The former south end of the plant is now used for storage by Cal-Chlor.

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Olathe, Kansas|Olathe, Kansas]]||United States||Batteries||1956||1999||Known as Plant 14. Located at 400 W. Dennis Ave. Supplied batteries to GM's Midwest assembly plants like Fairfax, Oklahoma City and Wentzville. Olathe was the first plant to produce the maintenance-free battery in 1970-1971 employing what was described as wire wound grid technology. The product was sold exclusively to JC Penny. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Last product produced was a heavy duty battery for Caterpillar. Closed by Delphi in 2005. Demolished. Site being redeveloped as Olathe Commerce Park. Some of the site is now a Jett Trucking terminal.

|-

|9 (1979-1988)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Q&amp;nbsp;(1971-1978)||[[w:Detroit Assembly|Detroit Assembly]] (Cadillac Clark Street plant)||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]s including &lt;br&gt;  [[w:Cadillac Series 62|Cadillac Series 62]] (1940-1942, 1946-1964),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Calais|Cadillac Calais]] (1965-1976), &lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac DeVille|Cadillac DeVille]] (1949-1984),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Sixty Special|Cadillac Sixty Special]] (1938-1942, 1946-1976),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham|Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham]] (1977-1986),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Brougham|Cadillac Brougham]] (1987-1988),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Eldorado|Cadillac Eldorado]] (1953-1978),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#1957–1958 Eldorado Brougham|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (Series 70)]] (1957-1958),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#1959–60 Eldorado Brougham|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (Series 6900)]] (1959-1960) (chassis &amp; final finishing),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Seville#First generation (1976–1979)|Cadillac Seville]] (1976-1979), &lt;br /&gt;[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] (1934-1940)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Third generation (1977–1990)|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1986-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#Second generation (1977–1990)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1985-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 88#Eighth generation (1977–1985)|Oldsmobile Delta 88]] (1984-1985) &lt;br /&gt;Cadillac engines (V8, V12, V16) &lt;br /&gt; LaSalle straight-8 (1934-1936) (based on Oldsmobile straight-8 but assembled by Cadillac from Oldsmobile supplied components)||1921||1987||Located at 2860 Clark St. This was Cadillac's home plant and built all Cadillacs until 1971. During WWII, it built M5 &amp; M5A1 Stuart tanks and M24 Chaffee tanks. Cadillac also built the V8 engines that powered these tanks &amp; it also supplied engines to power these tank models made by other GM divisions and other companies as well as to power other types of armored vehicles. Cadillac also made components for aircraft engines made by GM's Allison Division. Cadillac also made M8 75mm howitzer motor carriages &amp; M19 Twin 40mm anti-aircraft carriages. Factory closed December 1987. Chrome plating operation closed in March 1993. Engineering building (including tool room) closed in March 1994. Demolished entirely. Redeveloped into Clark Street Technology Park in 1997. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fleetwood Metal Body#Purchase by Fisher|Fleetwood - Detroit Body Assembly]] (Fisher Body No. 18)||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Bodies for [[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]] &amp; [[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]]||1917||1987||Originally built to build aircraft for World War I. Taken over by Fisher Body in 1919 &amp; given to Fleetwood Metal Body after Fisher Body took over Fleetwood in 1925. Fleetwood Metal Body plant. Also known as Fisher Body Plant #18. Supplied bodies to Cadillac's Clark St. plant in Detroit. Located at 261 West End Ave in the [[w:Delray, Detroit|Delray]] neighborhood of Detroit. Redeveloped into Container Port Group's Detroit facility. 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Detroit Diesel|Detroit Diesel]]||[[w:Redford, Michigan|Redford, Michigan]]||United States||Diesel engines for commercial vehicles||1938||1994||Located at 13400 W. Outer Drive. Was the Detroit Diesel-Allison Division from 1970 through 1987 when it again became the the Detroit Diesel Division. Spun off in 1988 as the Detroit Diesel Corp., a joint venture with Penske Corp., which had a majority stake of 60%. Penske increased its stake to 80% later in 1988 and then to 100% in 1994. Penske sold Detroit Diesel to DaimlerChrysler in 2000. DaimlerChrysler became Daimler AG in 2007. In 2019, Daimler AG spun off its truck and bus operations including Detroit Diesel into a separate company called Daimler Truck Holding AG.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Detroit Forge||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Forged metal components||c.1919||1994||Located at 8435 St Aubin St.  Straddles the border of [[w:Detroit|Detroit]] and [[w:Hamtramck|Hamtramck]]. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] &amp; Manufacturing Inc. in 1994. Closed in 2008, subsequently demolished around 2014.  

|- 

|3||Chevrolet-Detroit Truck &amp; Bus Plant||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Step-Van|Chevrolet Step-Van]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Step-Van|GMC Value-Van]]&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet &amp; GMC P-Series motorhome &amp; commercial chassis&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet van#1992–1996|Chevrolet Van G30 HD/ GMC Vandura G3500 HD cutaway]] (Based on P-series P30 chassis with extended front end &amp;  forward-tilting hood) 1993-1996||1974||1999||Located at 601 Piquette Ave. in Detroit (Formerly Fisher Body No. 23). P-Series motorhome &amp; stepvan chassis business (Commercial and Motorhome Chassis Division) was sold to investors (not including the Detroit plant) and became Workhorse Custom Chassis in 1999. Workhorse was later acquired by Navistar International in 2005, which later closed the Workhorse business in 2012 and sold the assets to AMP Electric Vehicles in 2013.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Detroit Transmission Division - Detroit||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Hydramatic|Hydramatic]] automatic transmissions||1939||1949||Was located at 5140 Riopelle St. (between Farnsworth St. &amp; Theodore St.) in what had been Fisher Body Plant #10. Original assembly site for the world's first production, fully automatic transmission and the headquarters of the new GM division created to produce it - the Detroit Transmission Division. First production Hydramatic shipped to Oldsmobile in October 1939. Debuted on the 1940 Oldsmobile. A heavier-duty version then launched on the 1941 Cadillac. Hydramatics continued to be produced during World War II for use in M5/M5A1 Stuart and M24 Chafee tanks (mated to Cadillac V8s), T17E1 Staghound and  T18E2 Boarhound armored cars (mated to GMC inline-6's), M8 75mm howitzer motor carriages (mated to Cadillac V8s), LVT-3 Bushmaster amphibious landing vehicles (mated to Cadillac V8s), &amp; Mark 1 Armored Snowmobiles made by Bombardier of Canada (mated to a Cadillac V8). Hydramatic became optional on Pontiacs in 1948. Hydramatic also became optional on Lincolns in 1949. The 1 millionth Hydramatic was built in January 1949. Needing more production capacity than the original factory in Detroit could handle, the Detroit Transmission Division relocated to a newer and much bigger plant in Livonia, Michigan in September 1949. Was later used by Cadillac as a parts warehouse supplying its Clark St. plant in Detroit. Closed by GM in the early 1980's and sold. Was subsequently used by Total Foods. Last occupied by Palmer Promotional Products. Heavily damaged by a fire in February 2014. The remains of the building were then demolished by summer 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Detroit Transmission Division - Livonia||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Hydramatic|Hydramatic]] automatic transmissions||1949||1953||The Detroit Transmission Division moved from Detroit to a newer and larger factory in Livonia in 1949. In addition to Pontiac, Oldsmobile, &amp; Cadillac, Livonia also supplied Hydramatics to Lincoln, Nash, Hudson, Kaiser, and Fraser. However, the factory burned down in August 1953 causing 6 deaths and more than $80 million in damage. GM quickly arranged to lease Kaiser’s Willow Run factory to replace the destroyed Livonia plant and GM then bought the plant outright in November 1953 for $26 million. Salvaged equipment from Livonia was taken to [[w:Willow Run#General Motors operations|Willow Run]]; see [[w:Willow Run Transmission|Willow Run Transmission]]. 

|- 

|5&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;C (1962-1978)||[[w:General Motors Diesel|General Motors Diesel]]||[[w:London, Ontario|London, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:List of GM-EMD locomotives|EMD Locomotives]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM New Look (Fishbowl) Bus|GM New Look bus]] (1961-1978)&lt;br /&gt;Terex earthmovers (1965-1980)&lt;br /&gt;Military vehicles including:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:AVGP|Grizzly/Cougar/Husky LAV I]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LAV II|LAV II (LAV-25/Bison/Coyote)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LAV III|LAV III]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Stryker|Stryker]]||1950 (GM Electro-Motive Division)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1961 (Transit bus)||1979 (Transit bus)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2003 (GM Defense)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2005 (GM Electro-Motive Division)||Transit bus production began in London, Ontario in late 1961. Transit bus production moved to Saint-Eustache factory in 1979. The part of the property making military vehicles (armored fighting vehicles like the [[w:Stryker|Stryker]]) as GM Defense was sold in 2003 to [[w:General Dynamics Land Systems|General Dynamics Land Systems]], becoming [[w:General Dynamics Land Systems#General Dynamics Land Systems Canada|General Dynamics Land Systems – Canada (GDLS-C)]]. Located at 1991 Oxford St E. Interestingly, General Dynamics Land Systems was originally formed in 1982 when General Dynamics bought Chrysler Defense, Chrysler's tank division in the US, which was then renamed General Dynamics Land Systems. The locomotive operations were sold in 2005 and renamed [[w:Electro-Motive Diesel|Electro-Motive Diesel]], Inc. Electro-Motive was then sold to [[w:Caterpillar Inc.|Caterpillar's]] [[w:Progress Rail|Progress Rail]] subsidiary in 2010. The London, ON plant was then shuttered in 2012 &amp; operations moved to a new plant in Muncie, Indiana. This part of the plant is now used by HCL Logistics, which provides logistics services to next door General Dynamics Land Systems – Canada. Located at 2021 Oxford St. E.  

|- 

|3 (1981-1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;M (1979-1980)||[[w:General Motors Diesel|General Motors Diesel]] Saint-Eustache Bus Plant||[[w:Saint-Eustache, Quebec|Saint-Eustache, Quebec]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:GM New Look (Fishbowl) Bus|GM New Look bus]] (1979-1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Classic (transit bus)|GM Classic bus]] (1983-1987)||1979||1987||Located at 1000 Industriel Blvd. Manufactures [[w:transit bus|transit bus]]es. GM consolidated Canadian transit bus production here from the London, Ontario and St. Laurent, Quebec plants in 1979. New Look transit bus production ended in 1986. Sold to [[w:Motor Coach Industries|Motor Coach Industries]], along with the designs for the [[w:Classic (transit bus)|Classic]] bus models this factory still produced in 1987. Later sold to [[w:Nova Bus|Nova Bus]] in 1993. Production of the Classic model bus ended in 1997. Still owned by [[w:Nova Bus|Nova Bus]], which is owned by [[w:Volvo AB|Volvo AB]] through [[w:Prevost (bus manufacturer)|Prevost Car]]. Prevost bought 51% of Nova Bus in 1998 and bought the remaining 49% from Henlys Group in 2004. 

|- 

|M|| [[w:General Motors Diesel|General Motors Diesel]] Saint Laurent Bus Plant || [[w:Saint Laurent, Quebec|Saint Laurent, Quebec]] || Canada || [[w:GM New Look bus|GM New Look bus]] (1975-1979)

|| 1974 || 1979 || Bus operations moved to [[w:Saint-Eustache, Quebec|Saint-Eustache, Quebec]]. 

|- 

|D &lt;br /&gt;(1960-1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] and 1965-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; C (1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] and Pre-1960 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;6 (Pre-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Doraville Assembly|Doraville Assembly]]||[[w:Doraville, Georgia|Doraville, Georgia]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Uplander|Chevrolet Uplander]] (2005-2008 &amp; '09 in Canada)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Montana#Second generation (2005)|Pontiac Montana SV6]] (2005-2006 &amp; '07-'09 in Canada)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Terraza|Buick Terraza]] (2005-2007)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saturn Relay|Saturn Relay]] (2005-2007)||1947||2008||Located at 3900 Motors Industrial Way. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. First vehicle built in Nov. 1947 was an Oldsmobile. Some of the original property bought by GM for the Doraville plant in 1945 was deemed as excess and was sold off. One of the parts that was sold (82 acres) was sold to Chevrolet to build a parts warehouse. Doraville began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1964. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Oldsmobile and Pontiac production ended in Dec. 1965, leaving just Chevrolet and Buick. Oldsmobile production resumed in Aug. 1967 for the 1968 model year. Oldsmobile production again ended in April 1970 followed by Buick production in July 1970. Pontiac production resumed in Aug. 1970 for the 1971 model year. B-body full-size Chevrolet and Pontiac production ended in Dec. 1973 and midsize A-body Chevrolet and Oldsmobile production began in Jan. 1974.[https://dekalbhistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/history-of-doraville-gm-plant.pdf] Doraville switched to building fwd A-body Oldsmobiles and Buicks for 1982. Doraville then switched to building W-body Oldsmobiles for 1988. Passenger car production ended in 1995 and the Cutlass Supreme coupe &amp; sedan were moved to Fairfax II during 1995 while the convertible was discontinued. Doraville was converted to build minivans for 1997. Production ended in September 2008. Last vehicle built was a Chevy Uplander. Demolished in 2014-2015. Site is being redeveloped. Parts of the site are now occupied by Nalley Automotive Group (Infiniti dealership &amp; a Collision Center), Mike Rezi Nissan (formerly Nalley Nissan), Assembly Studios Atlanta, Third Rail Studios at Assembly Atlanta, and Serta Simmons Bedding.&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Venture|Chevrolet Venture]] (1997-2005), [[w:Oldsmobile Silhouette#Second generation (1997–2004)|Oldsmobile Silhouette]] (1997-2004), [[w:Pontiac Trans Sport#Second generation (1997-1999)|Pontiac Trans Sport]] (1997-1998), [[w:Pontiac Montana|Pontiac Montana]] (1999-2005), [[w:Pontiac Trans Sport#Second generation (Chevrolet)|Chevrolet Trans Sport]] (Europe: '97-'04), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1982-1987), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick Lesabre]] (1959-1970), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1951-1952, 1954-1958), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1950-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1955, 1957-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963, 1965-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1964-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1964-70), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-74), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle#Third generation (1973–1977)|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1974-77), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1964-1974), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1975-1980), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Fourth generation (intermediate) 1973–1977|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (Gen 4) (1974-1977), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Fifth-generation (intermediate) 1978–1988|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (Gen 5) (1978-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1982-1987), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fifth generation (1988–1997)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1988-1995), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1966, 1968-1970), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1948-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1966),  [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958, 1960-1966), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#First generation (1962–1964)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1964), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1960-1966, 1971-1974), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1951, 1953, 1955, 1958), [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1973-1974), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1964), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1961),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1974-1981), [[w:GMC Sprint |GMC Sprint]] (1974-77), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1981),&lt;br&gt;  [[w:Opel Sintra|Opel Sintra]]/[[w:Vauxhall Sintra|Vauxhall Sintra]] (1997-1999). 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors East Africa||[[w:Nairobi|Nairobi]]||[[w:Kenya|Kenya]]||[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;Isuzu buses&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;||1977||2017||Originally established in 1975 as GM Kenya, a joint venture with the Kenyan govt. Renamed GM East Africa in 2003. Other shareholders are Kenya’s Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC): 20%, Centum Investment Co. Ltd.: 17.8%, &amp; Itochu Corporation: 4.5%. 

Isuzu moved pickup production to South Africa in 2012 so it could focus on trucks &amp; buses at the Nairobi plant. &lt;br /&gt; 

GM sold its 57.7% stake in the factory to Isuzu in 2017 and left the Kenyan market. Now known as Isuzu East Africa. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Isuzu D-Max|Isuzu D-Max]], [[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]], [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||ELAZ-GM||[[w:Yelabuga|Yelabuga]], [[w:Tatarstan|Tatarstan]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]]||1996||2001||GM owned about 25% &amp; ELAZ owned the other 75%. Joint venture dissolved in 2001.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Electro Motive Division|Electro Motive Division]] - [[w:Electro-Motive Diesel#EMD La Grange (McCook)|La Grange Operations]]||[[w:McCook, Illinois|McCook, Illinois]]||United States||[[w:List of GM-EMD locomotives|Locomotives]]&lt;br /&gt;Engines&lt;br /&gt;Components||1936|| ||Located at 9301 W. 55th St.&lt;br /&gt; Electro-Motive headquarters and R&amp;D operations. Locomotive production ended in 1991 and was moved to London, ON, Canada. Sold in 2005, renamed [[w:Electro-Motive Diesel|Electro-Motive Diesel]], bought by Caterpillar's Progress Rail subsidiary in 2010.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Elmore Manufacturing Company|Elmore]]||[[w:Clyde, Ohio|Clyde]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Elmore automobiles||1909||1912|| Factory was located on Amanda St. Bought by GM in November 1909. Elmore was known for its two-stroke engines. GM closed it down in the fall of 1912. GM sold the factory to a truckmaker named Krebs Commercial Car Company in 1912. In 1917, Krebs Commercial Car Company merged with Clyde Cars Company and Lincoln Motor Truck Company to form what became Clydesdale Motor Truck Company in 1919. Clydesdale Motor Truck Company closed in 1939 and the factory was then used by Clyde Porcelain Steel Company until the factory burned down November 11, 1945. The factory would be rebuilt and used for making washing machines by various companies, most recently, Whirlpool Corp.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Ewing||[[w:Geneva, Ohio|Geneva]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Ewing automobiles||1909||1911||Bought by GM in October 1909. Made taxis. GM closed it down in 1911.

|-

|X (1965–1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;K (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] &amp; [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;4 (Pre-1965 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Fairfax Assembly|Fairfax Assembly]] (Fairfax I)||[[w:Kansas City, Kansas|Kansas City, Kansas]]||United States||[[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971-1973), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963, 1971-1974), [[w:Buick Estate|Buick Estate]] (1970-1979), [[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick Electra Estate]] (1980-1987), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1985), [[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick LeSabre Estate]] (1980-1987), [[w:Buick Limited|Buick Limited]] (1958), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1948-1949, 1951, 1953, 1956-1958), [[w:Buick Skylark#First generation (1961–1963)|Buick Skylark]] (1962-1963), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special (B-body)]] (1947-1950, 1952-1958), [[w:Buick Special#1961–1963|Buick Special (Y-body)]] (1962-1963), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1982-1987), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1982-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1948-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile F-85|Oldsmobile F-85/&lt;br&gt;Cutlass]] (1962-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1974-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Sixth generation (1977–1981)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-70, 1975-1981), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1981), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1950-1958), [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-1968), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1968), [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1971-1975), [[w:Pontiac LeMans#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac LeMans]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Parisienne#Fifth generation: 1977–1986|Pontiac Parisienne]] (1984-1986), [[w:Pontiac Safari|Pontiac Safari]] (1987), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1954-1959, 1964, 1966), [[w:Pontiac Tempest#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac Tempest]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961) ||1946||1987||Located at 100 Kindelberger Road. Originally, the location of the [[w:North American Aviation|North American Aviation]] Bomber Production Plant (built in 1940) where the [[w:B-25 Mitchell|B-25 Mitchell]] was manufactured during World War II. After the war, GM leased it in 1945 and converted the plant to auto production. Automotive production began in June 1946. GM later bought the plant in 1960. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Fairfax mostly focused on full-size cars ([[w:General Motors A platform (RWD)#1926-1959|A-]], B-, &amp; C-body) but it also built B-O-P Y-body compact cars for 1962-1963. Fairfax only began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1982. Also built [[w:F-84F Thunderstreak|F-84F Thunderstreak]] fighter jets alongside cars beginning in 1952 and ending in May 1955 when the contract ended. Plant closed May 1987. Production moved to new building on adjacent site (Fairfax II) for 1988 model year production. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:History of General Motors#Corporate restructuring and operating losses|Fiat-GM Powertrain Polska]]||[[w:Bielsko-Biala|Bielsko-Biala]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Fiat JTD engine#1.3 JTDm/Multijet/CDTI/D/DDiS/HDi|GM Small Diesel Engine]] ||2003||2010|| Engine began production here in 2003 as part of Fiat-GM Powertrain, a 50/50 joint venture between GM &amp; Fiat involving joint development and production of engines and transmissions. The joint venture was disbanded in 2005. As part of the dissolution, GM took a 50% stake in the Bielsko-Biala engine plant and the intellectual property of the 1.3 liter diesel engine produced there. In 2010, GM sold its half of the Bielsko-Biala engine plant back to Fiat. However, GM kept its half of the intellectual property of the 1.3 liter diesel engine produced there and continued to source the 1.3 liter diesel engine from the Bielsko-Biala engine plant. Chevrolet stopped using this engine around 2015. Opel was still using this engine when it was sold by GM to PSA in 2017. Opel last used this engine in 2019. This plant became part of [[w:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles|FCA]] in 2014 when Fiat and Chrysler Group merged. This plant became part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] in 2021 when FCA merged with PSA Group. Stellantis has announced that the Bielsko-Biala engine plant will close by the end of 2024.   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body No. 10||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Auto bodies ||1917-&lt;br /&gt;1919||1939||Was located at 5140 Riopelle St. (between Farnsworth St. &amp; Theodore St.).GM bought 60% of Fisher Body in 1919 and bought the remainder in 1926. From 1926, Fisher Body only supplied bodies to GM brands. In 1939, became headquarters and manufacturing site of GM's new Detroit Transmission Division, which manufactured Hydramatic fully automatic transmissions that first appeared on the 1940 Oldsmobile.
|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 12]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States|| ||1916||1942||Located at 1961 E. Milwaukee Ave. Previously used by Metzger Motor Car Company from 1910-1913 and [[w:Maxwell Motor Company|Maxwell Motor Company]] from 1913-1916. Owned by Fisher from 1916-1942 then sold to J. Lee Hackett Co. which owned it until 1973. Used for warehousing from 1973-1981 and then demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 21]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States||Bodies for Buick &amp; Cadillac&lt;br /&gt;Engineering and Tool &amp; Die operations&lt;br /&gt;Bodies for Cadillac limousines&lt;br /&gt;Pre-production Pilot bodies||1919||1984||Located at 700 Piquette Ave. In 1999, was re-addressed as 6051 Hastings Street. Made bodies for Buick through 1926 when Buick body production moved to Fisher Body Plant No. 1 - Flint on S. Saginaw St. Made bodies for Cadillac through 1929 when Cadillac body production moved to the Fisher Body Plant No. 18/Fleetwood Body plant. Became an engineering facility from 1930-1955. Produced parts for B-25 &amp; B-29 bombers in World War II (Aircraft Unit). Also did product development and engineering during World War II (Central Development and Experimental Unit). In 1955, GM transferred production of Cadillac limousine bodies from the Fleetwood plant in Detroit to Fisher #21 plant due to it being a low-volume operation. Closed April 1984. Sold to Cameo Color Coat in 1985 which transferred it to Carter Color Coat in 1990. Carter Color Coat then went bankrupt and the property was abandoned in 1993. GM removed some paints and other hazardous materials in the early 1990s. It's been owned by the city of Detroit since 2000. Now being converted into Fisher 21 Lofts, a mixed residential and commercial development scheduled to open in 2027.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 23/23B]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States||Tool &amp; Die plant through 1972.||1921||1972||Located at 601 Piquette Ave. #23 was the six story portion while #23B was the one story portion. Known as the Detroit Die and Machine Plant. In WWII, made B-25, B-29, P-80 aircraft tools and fixtures; M4, M10, M36, M26, M18 tank parts; 3-inch and 5-inch Naval Gun Breech Housings, 155mm and 8-in. gun parts, Diesel Engine parts and Torqmatic Transmission parts. Became Chevrolet's Detroit Truck &amp; Bus plant in 1974. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 37]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States||Large bodyside stampings||1919||1985||Located at 950 E Milwaukee Ave. Produced aircraft and tank assemblies, 90 mm AA guns, 5” naval gun housings and Lockheed missile parts during World War II. In 1989, bought by Lakeside Stamping which was renamed New Center Stamping in 1994. In 2019, New Center Stamping Inc. was taken over by Soave Enterprises and still stamps parts for automakers including GM, Ford, and Stellantis. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body No. 40||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Tooling ||1928||1983-1984||Was located at 1500 E. Ferry St. Plant 41 was next door and was used for storage. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body Overseas Corp. - Dundonald plant||[[w:Dundonald, County Down|Dundonald]], [[w:Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] ||Seat Belts, window regulators, door locks, door switches, &amp; other automotive hardware||1980||1988||Located at 770 Upper Newtownards Road at the corner of Carrowreagh Road. Dundonald is an eastern suburb of Belfast. From 1966-1977, was a Rolls-Royce plant making aircraft engine parts. GM's Fisher Body division bought the plant in 1978 and reopened it in 1979. Production began in 1980. In 1982, the Dundonald plant became part of Fisher Body Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp. Sold to Takata Corp. in 1988. Operated as European Components Corp. (ECC) and later as TK-ECC, still making seat belts, until it was closed in 2004. Plant was later demolished.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body Overseas Corp. - Kennedy Way plant||[[w:Belfast|Belfast]], [[w:Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] ||Seat Belt Buckles, Door switches, &amp; other automotive hardware||1982||?||Located in Kennedy Way Industrial Estate on Blackstaff Road in western Belfast. The Kennedy Way plant was part of Fisher Body Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Flint Plant #1|Flint Body Assembly]] (Fisher Body Flint Plant #1)||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint]], Michigan||United States||Bodies for Buick and later also Chevrolet &amp; Oldsmobile&lt;br /&gt;||1923||1987||Located at 4000-4500 S. Saginaw St. Originally a [[w:Durant Motors|Durant Motors]] plant. Bought by GM in 1926. Became Fisher Body Plant No. 1 - Flint. Supplied bodies to the Buick plant in Flint (later known as Buick City). After Buick City switched to unibody, fwd cars for 1986, Flint Body began supplying bodies for G-cars built at the Pontiac Assembly plant in Pontiac, MI. Closed in Dec. 1987 when G-body production at Pontiac Assembly ended. Last body built was a Buick Regal Grand National to be completed at Pontiac Assembly. Most of the site was demolished and the remainder was converted into the Great Lakes Technology Center. GM leased space there for R&amp;D and offices (including AC Rochester world headquarters) until 2009. Various medical-related companies now occupy much of the property. The original administration building at 4300 S. Saginaw St. still stands as of 2022 and still has a Fisher Body logo at the top of the front of the building in the center.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Flint V8 Engine Plant/Flint Engine South|Chevrolet-Flint (V8) Engine Plant]] (Van Slyke Road)||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)|Chevrolet Small-Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift I6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:List of Isuzu engines#Isuzu G engine|Isuzu G140 &amp; G161Z SOHC gas&lt;br&gt; 4-cylinder engine for Chevy Chevette &amp; Pontiac 1000/Acadian]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| title = 1975, Chevrolet Turns to Opel for the New Fuel-Saving Chevette| url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180116081057/https://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/1975%2C_Chevrolet_Turns_to_Opel_for_the_New_Fuel-Saving_Chevette| archive-date = 2018-01-16| publisher = General Motors| access-date = 2014-06-05| url-status = dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;||1954||1999||Located at 3848 Van Slyke Road, down the block from the Flint Truck Assembly Plant. Chevy Small-Block V8 engine production began here on July 9, 1954. Only V8 engines were made until 1961, when 4 &amp; 6 cylinder engines began to be made for the 1962 Chevy II. Around 45 million Chevy small-block V8 engines were built at this plant. Plant closed in 1999 and was demolished. Land is now used by a new paint shop for the [[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly Plant]]. The new paint shop (Flint Assembly Paint Operations) was announced in December 2013 and opened in 2016, replacing the previous paint shop inside the assembly plant. 

|- 

|1 (1928-1947)||[[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Flint Manufacturing Div./Delphi Flint West/Flint Tool and Die|Chevrolet-Flint Manufacturing Complex]] (&quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot;) /&lt;br /&gt; Flint West||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] vehicles including [[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (Gen 1 &amp; 2)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] engines including [[w:Chevrolet Inline-4 engine#171|Chevrolet Inline-4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine|Chevrolet Stovebolt / Blue Flame I6]]&lt;br /&gt;||1913||2004||Located at 300 N. Chevrolet Ave. (formerly known as Wilcox Street). This was Chevrolet's home plant. It predated Chevrolet becoming part of GM in 1918. The complex originally included metal stamping, body assembly, vehicle assembly, engine assembly, and various component manufacturing plants. On January 11, 1940, the 25 millionth GM vehicle built in the US, a 1940 Chevrolet Special Deluxe Sedan, was built here. Plant 2 (vehicle assembly) &amp; 2A (Fisher Body) were replaced by new plants on Van Slyke Road elsewhere in Flint in 1947 (now the [[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly Plant]]). Plant 4 was the engine plant. It closed in 1984 but was ultimately reopened later. In 1987, the complex was taken over by the AC Spark Plug division and became AC Spark Plug Flint West. In 1988, it became AC Rochester Flint West, and in 1994 AC Delco Systems Flint West following further consolidations. In early 1995, it was renamed Delphi Flint West. Around this time, plants in the complex began to be demolished until Plant 4 closed in 2004 and was subsequently demolished. Plant 4 last made generators and fuel filters. Building 35 still exists as part of [[w:Kettering University|Kettering University]]. It is now the C.S. Mott Science and Engineering Building after the addition of another floor and a new façade. Plant 38 still exists as GM's Flint Tool &amp; Die plant. All the other buildings are gone. Much of the property is being redeveloped into a park called [[w:Chevy Commons|Chevy Commons]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint North|Flint North]] Powertrain||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Buick V8 engine|Buick V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V6 engine|Buick V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Engine Components&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Dynaflow|Dynaflow]] transmissions&lt;br /&gt;transmission components&lt;br /&gt; torque converters&lt;br /&gt;coil springs||1905||2010||Complex was made up of several factories. Flint North is the part of the Buick City factory complex north of Leith St. stretching north to E. Pierson Rd. [[w:Liberty L-12|Liberty aircraft engines]] were made here during WWI. Factory 36 was the engine plant. Factory 36 opened in 1952 and closed in 2008. The remainder of the complex closed by December 2010. Demolished by 2012. Part of the site (1225 E. Marengo Ave.) is now occupied by American SpiralWeld Pipe Co.

|- 

||7||[[w:Arlington Assembly#History|Fort Worth Assembly]]||[[w:Fort Worth, TX|Fort Worth, Texas]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]||1917||1924 

|Built by Chevrolet before it became part of GM. Located at 2601 W. 7th St. (then known as Arlington Heights Blvd.). Is across the street from what is now Montgomery Plaza. A 3rd story was added to the building in 1920. Closed due to flood damage from the April 1922 flooding of the Trinity River and the subsequent imposition of flood-control taxes.&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.com/books?id=mTvuAwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=1920+fort+worth+chevrolet+factory&amp;pg=PA52 Lost Fort Worth, page 52&lt;/ref&gt; Montgomery Ward leased the empty Chevy plant between 1924 and 1928 to house a temporary store while its main Fort Worth facility was built across what is now West Seventh Street. That building is now Montgomery Plaza. The Chevy plant was later used by various different companies including GM's Frigidaire division as a sales and warehouse facility and later by Tandy Corp., first for its Radio Shack division and later for its corporate HQ. Demolished in 1986. Site  is now Olympus 7th Street Station, a luxury apartment building.

|- 

|G &lt;br /&gt;(1960-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-1989)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; B (Pre-1960 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; F (Pre-1960 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac)]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 7 (Pre-1960 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Framingham Assembly|Framingham Assembly]]||[[w:Framingham, Massachusetts|Framingham, Massachusetts]]||United States||[[w:General Motors A platform (1925)#1964|GM rwd A-bodies]]: [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1965-1969), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1967-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1967-1972, 1974-1976), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1966-1969, 1971-1972), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1967-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1967-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1967-1977), [[w:Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser|Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser]] (1968-1977), [[w:Buick Skylark#Third generation (1968–1972)|Buick Skylark]] (1970-1972), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1970-1972), [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1973-1981), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1973-1981) 

[[w:General Motors A platform (1982)|GM fwd A-bodies]]: [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1988), [[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1982), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1983-1989), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1989) 

||1948||1989|| Located at 63 Western Ave. First vehicle produced was a 1948 Buick on February 26, 1948. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. Framingham is the only BOP Assembly Division plant to switch to the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Framingham switched to Chevrolet Assembly Division in August 1959 [https://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/gm-framingham-ma-canada-pontiac-buick-olds-plant]. Framingham began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1960. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were then gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division. Framingham Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Idled October 1, 1982 but reopened March 14, 1983. Closed August 1, 1989. Sold to ADESA to use as a vehicle auction site. &lt;br/&gt;Past models: &lt;br/&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova#First generation (1962–1965)|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-1963), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (B-body), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1949-1950, 1955, 1958), [[w:Buick Special#1949–1958|Buick Special]] (1952-1953, 1955-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1954), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]], [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]], [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1951, 1954, 1956), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955, 1957, 1959) 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors France S.A.||[[w:Gennevilliers|Gennevilliers]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]||1939||1940||Operations interrupted by German invasion of France and seizure of the plant in 1940 during WWII. 

|- 

|Z (1965-1982)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;H (1963-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;F (1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] and [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3 (1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Fremont Assembly|Fremont Assembly]]||[[w:Fremont, California|Fremont, California]]||United States||[[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1965-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1964-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1964-1969)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Sport Wagon|Buick Sport Wagon]] (1965)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1973–1991|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1977-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1963-1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1969, 1973-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1964-1969, 1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1964-1971)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC C/K|GMC C/K]] (1963-1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1973–1991|GMC Jimmy]] (1977-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1973-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1964-1971)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1964-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1966-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1964-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser|Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser]] (1965-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Third generation (1969–1972)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1964-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1973)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1964-1969)||1963||1982||Located at 45500 Fremont Blvd.&lt;br /&gt;

Operated from 1963-1982 as a GM factory. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]] though it also built Chevrolet passenger cars from the beginning. Fremont built GM's midsize A-bodies. Was the first BOP Assembly Division plant to also build Chevrolet and GMC trucks. Regular truck production began June 10, 1963. First production car built September 3, 1963. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Plant was idled March 1982.&lt;br /&gt;

From 1984-2010, operated as [[w:NUMMI|New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (NUMMI)]], which was a 50/50 joint venture between GM and [[w:Toyota|Toyota]] and assembled both GM and Toyota vehicles.&lt;br /&gt;

Sold to [[w:Tesla Motors|Tesla, Inc.]] in May 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Sam Abuelsamid|title=Tesla to buy old resources from GM, Toyota for NUMMI plant|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2010/08/22/tesla-to-buy-old-resources-from-gm-toyota/|access-date=20 August 2015|publisher=Autoblog.com|date=August 22, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tesla began production at Fremont in 2012.

|- 

|P||[[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]]||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel Vectra]]||1994||2000||Built by an [[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]] - GM joint venture operating out of a converted old FSO warehouse.  

|- 

|W||[[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]]||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]]||2007||2011||Built by [[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]] for GM as part of a joint venture between [[w:Ukrainian Automobile Corporation|UkrAvto]] (parent of FSO) &amp; GM. [[w:Ukrainian Automobile Corporation|Ukravto]] owned 60% &amp; [[w:GM Daewoo|GM Daewoo]] owned 40%. The production license ended in 2011 &amp; was not renewed. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Gmbh]]||[[w:Berlin|Berlin]]||Germany||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]||1927||1932||Replaced Hamburg plant. Located in Borsigwalde area of Berlin. Also predates the acquisition of [[w:Opel|Opel]] by GM.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Gmbh]]||[[w:Hamburg|Hamburg]]||Germany||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks||1926||1927||GM's first German plant predating the acquisition of [[w:Opel|Opel]]. Located in a leased warehouse.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Hendon|Hendon]], [[w:England|England]]||United Kingdom||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]] ||1924||1930||GM's first British plant predating the acquisition of [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]. Operated out of a leased plant. When Chevrolet production was moved to Luton in 1930, Hendon was used for parts distribution. Later, Frigidaire made appliances at Hendon. In 1970, Hendon began producing steering columns. In 1971, more automotive components began to be produced in place of Frigidaire appliances. In 1980, GM sold the Hendon site for redevelopment but leased back an area for construction of a new plant for Saginaw Steering Gear. The new plant opened in 1981. See listing for &quot;Saginaw Steering Gear Overseas Corp. - Southampton plant&quot; for more details.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Southampton|Southampton]], [[w:Hampshire|Hampshire]], [[w:England|England]]||United Kingdom||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]||1938||1946||Located on West Bay Road in the New Dock area of Southampton. Operations interrupted by German bombing of the UK during WWII. Plant was bombed in 1940 &amp; 1941. Plant was reoccupied in 1946. Plant acquired by GM Ltd. in 1951 and converted to produce automotive components in 1952. See listing for &quot;AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp. - Southampton plant&quot; for more details.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ghandhara Industries|Ghandhara Industries]]||[[w:Karachi|Karachi]], [[w:Sindh|Sindh]]||[[w:Pakistan|Pakistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks and buses]] including [[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]||1953||1970's||Originally a GM owned plant (General Motors Overseas Distribution Corporation). Sold to [[w:Ghandhara Industries|Ghandhara Industries]] Ltd. in 1963. Nationalized in 1972, it then became National Motors Ltd. Privatized to the [[w:Bibojee Group|Bibojee Group]] in 1992 who reverted back to the previous name, Ghandhara Industries. Ghandara Industries assembles Isuzu vehicles today. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[GM-Auto]]||[[w:Saint-Petersburg|Saint-Petersburg]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] 

[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#Second generation (RG; 2011)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]] 

[[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Antara|Opel Antara]] 

||2007||2015||Includes operations at the temporary &quot;Arsenal plant&quot; &amp; the permanent plant in [[w:Shushary, Saint Petersburg|Shushary]]. GM ceased most operations in Russia back in 2015 and the GM-Auto plant closed. Sold to Hyundai Motor in 2020.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM-AvtoVAZ|GM-AvtoVAZ]]||[[w:Tolyatti|Togliatti]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Niva|Chevrolet Niva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Viva|Chevrolet Viva]]||2002||2019||Was originally owned 41.5% by GM, 41.5% by AvtoVAZ, &amp; 17% by [[w:EBRD|EBRD]]. In 2012, [[w:EBRD|EBRD]] was bought out &amp; GM-AvtoVAZ became 50/50 owned by GM &amp; AvtoVAZ. The GM-AvtoVAZ joint venture was dissolved in 2019 when AvtoVAZ bought out GM. The Chevrolet Niva was renamed Lada Niva Travel during 2020. AvtoVAZ was a part of [[w:Renault Group|Renault Group]] from 2016 until 2022. 

|- 

|4||GM España S.A.||[[w:Figueruelas|Figueruelas]], [[w: Zaragoza (province)| Zaragoza (province)]]||[[w:Spain|Spain]]||[[w:Opel Corsa|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] A, B, C, D, E (5 door, van)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Meriva|Opel/Vauxhall Meriva]] A, B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Combo C (2001-2012)|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Combo]] C&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Tigra#Tigra A (1994–2000)|Opel/Vauxhall Tigra A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Nova|Vauxhall Nova]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#Third generation (SB; 1994–2000)|Holden Barina (SB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#Fourth generation (XC; 2001–2005)|Holden Barina (XC)]]||1982||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Indonesia||Pondok Ungu, [[w:Bekasi|Bekasi]], [[w:West Java|West Java]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||After reopening:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spin|Chevrolet Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Before temporary closure in 2005:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Blazer|Opel Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Optima]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra]]||1995||2015||PT Garmak Motor assembled models under license from GM beginning in 1976, before the establishment of their joint venture with GM in 1993. These license built models include: [[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] trucks, [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Morina]], [[w:Opel Rekord Series E|Opel Rekord E 3-d panel van]], [[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett D (1979–1984)|Opel Kadett D]], [[w:Isuzu Faster#First generation (1972–1980)|Chevrolet LUV (Mk 1)]], [[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Chevrolet LUV (Mk II)]], &amp; [[w:Isuzu Trooper#First generation (1981–1991)|Chevrolet Trooper/Stallion]].  

Originally established as PT General Motors Buana Indonesia, which was owned 60% by GM and 40% by PT Garmak Motor. GM bought out Garmak in 1997 taking 100% of the shares. The assembly plant was closed from 2005-2011 and reopened in 2012 to make the Chevy Spin. Closed again in June 2015. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Java||[[w:Tanjung Priok|Tanjung Priok]], [[w:North Jakarta|North Jakarta]], [[w:Jakarta|Jakarta]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]] ([[w:Opel 1.2 Liter|1.2 Liter]])&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] ([[w:Vauxhall 10-4|10-4]])||1927||1953||First Car Factory in what is now Indonesia (at the time, it was the Dutch East Indies). GM pulled out of Indonesia in 1954 and liquidated the company by 1956. Sold to P.N. Gaja Motors, which assembled the Opel Rekord and Kadett in the 1960's. Eventually became part of Astra International and its joint ventures with Toyota/Daihatsu.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.||[[w:Tampoi, Johor|Tampoi]], [[w:Johor|Johor]]||[[w:Malaysia|Malaysia]]||[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Gemini|Opel Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Bedford Harimau]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]||1968||1982||Originally Capital Motor Assembly Corp., which assembled Opel models under license from GM beginning in 1968. These license built models include: [[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore]] A, [[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett B]], [[w:Opel Rekord Series C|Opel Rekord C]], &amp; components. Capital Motor also assembled cars for Honda and Datsun (Nissan). GM bought Capital Motor Assembly in 1971 and renamed it GM Malaysia. Malaysian government policies that said Malaysians had to own a majority of local auto assembly plants forced GM to sell GM Malaysia to Oriental Holdings in 1980 which then renamed the unit Oriental Assemblers. Assembly of GM vehicles ended in 1982. Oriental Assemblers continued making Honda cars at this plant until around 2004.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Philippines, Inc.||[[w:Paco, Manila|Paco district]], [[w:Manila|Manila]]||[[w:Philippines|Philippines]]||[[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet trucks&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HT|Holden HT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HG|Holden HG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Gemini|Isuzu Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Parisienne#Philippines|Pontiac Parisienne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX4/90|Vauxhall VX4/90]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|GM Amigo/Tiger/Harabas]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]] ||1953||1985||Originally Yutivo Sons Hardware Co. Yutivo assembled various models under license from GM beginning in 1953. GM bought a 49% stake in Yutivo in 1972 and renamed it GM Philippines. Isuzu invested in the company in 1979 and it was renamed GM Pilipinas, Inc. Assembly of GM vehicles ended in 1985 and GM sold the plant to Isuzu in 1994. Isuzu closed this plant and company in 1995 and replaced it with a new plant in Biñan, Laguna owned by a new subsidiary (Isuzu Philippines Corporation).  

|- 

|G||[[w:GM Manufacturing Poland|GM Manufacturing Poland Sp. z o.o.]]||[[w:Gliwice|Gliwice]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Opel Astra#Astra K (B16; 2015)|Opel Astra]] K (5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Seventh generation (BK, BL; 2016)|Holden Astra (BK)]] (5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra J (P10; 2009)|Opel/Vauxhall Astra J]] (3-door, 4-door sedan, 5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra H (A04; 2004)|Opel Astra Classic III]] sedan&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Sixth generation (PJ; 2015)|Holden Astra (PJ)]] (GTC, VXR)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra H (A04; 2004)|Opel Astra H]] sedan&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra G (T98; 1998)|Opel Astra Classic II]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fourth generation (TS; 1998)|Holden Astra Classic (TS)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra F (T92; 1992)|Opel Astra Classic I]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Agila#First generation (H00; 2000)|Opel/Vauxhall Agila A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Solio#First generation (MA63S/MA64S/MA32S; 1999)|Suzuki Wagon R+ (2005-2007)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Cascada|Opel/Vauxhall Cascada]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Cascada|Buick Cascada]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Cascada|Holden Cascada (CJ)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira B (2005)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira B]]||1998||2019|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] plant. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Continued to supply the [[w:Buick Cascada|Buick Cascada]] to GM through 2019. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021.   

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Powertrain Fredericksburg||[[w:Fredericksburg, Virginia|Fredericksburg, Virginia]]||United States||Torque converter clutches for automatic transmissions||1979||2010|| Located at 11032 Tidewater Trail. Originally part of Delco Moraine Division, which bought the plant in 1978 from American Poclain. Moved to GM Powertrain division in 1993. Sold to idX Corp. in 2017.  

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Powertrain Poland|GM Powertrain Poland]]||[[w:Tychy|Tychy]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||Diesel engines including the Isuzu [[w:Circle L engine|Circle L engine]]||1999||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] plant. Originally founded as Isuzu Motors Polska (ISPOL) in 1996. GM bought 60% in 2002 &amp; the remaining 40% in 2013. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] along with Opel in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Grand Blanc Metal Center|Grand Blanc Metal Center]]||[[w:Grand Blanc, Michigan|Grand Blanc, Michigan]]||United States||Metal stampings and metal fabrication of body components, Tooling jigs-and-fixtures||1942||2013||Located at 10800 S. Saginaw St. Originally built by the US govt. and opened in 1942 to build tanks. Also known as the Fisher Body Tank Plant as it was operated by GM's Fisher Body Div. Built [[w:M4 Sherman|M4 Sherman]] (M4A2, M4A3 &amp; M4A3E2) and [[w:M26 Pershing|M26 Pershing]] (T26E3) tanks as well as M10 &amp; M10A1 &quot;Wolverine&quot; Tank Destroyers during WWII and [[w:M48 Patton|M48 Patton]] (M48 and M48A1) tanks beginning in 1952 for the Korean War. Grand Blanc also made a 90mm main gun that Grand Blanc installed on the last 300 M10A1s built at Grand Blanc, thus converting them into the M36 &quot;Jackson&quot;. The Grand Blanc-built 90mm main gun was also installed on other M10A1s by other companies and by Grand Blanc on the M4A3 Sherman tank to create the M36B1 &amp; M36B2 tank destroyers. Grand Blanc also supplied 2,445 turrets and 1,511 hulls for the 2,507 M18 Hellcats built by the Buick Division. Production ended in 1945 as WWII wound down. Buick then leased Grand Blanc and used it as a warehouse from 1947 until Fisher Body bought it in 1951. The M48 Patton was built from 1952-1955. Converted in 1955 into an automotive body metal fabricating plant. Became part of GM's Metal Fabricating Division in 1994 and became Grand Blanc Weld Tool Center in 2002, making tooling for GM. Closed July 2013. Most of the work done at Grand Blanc was transferred to Parma, OH. Now called Grand Blanc Center, apparently used as a warehouse.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Grand Rapids Metal Center||[[w:Wyoming, Michigan|Wyoming, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1936||2009||Located at 300 36th Street SW. Metal fabricating plant. Demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Guide Lamp Division||[[w:Anderson, Indiana|Anderson, Indiana]]||United States||Headlamp, Taillamp assemblies||1929||1998||GM bought Guide Motor Lamp Manufacturing Company in 1928, becoming part of the Delco Remy division initially before becoming the separate Guide Lamp Division in 1929. Guide Lamp Division was renamed Guide Division in 1975. Guide Division merged with Fisher Body in 1984 to create Fisher Guide. Fisher Guide then merged with the Inland Division in 1990 to form Inland Fisher Guide. In 1998, Guide operations were sold to [[w:Palladium Equity Partners|Palladium Equity Partners]] which turned the operation into Guide Corp. In 2007, Guide Corp. closed down.  

|- 

|H||[[w:General Motors India|Halol]]||[[w:Halol|Halol]], [[w:Gujarat|Gujarat]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Chevrolet Sail#India|Chevrolet Sail U-VA]] (hatchback)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#India|Chevrolet Sail]] (sedan)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tavera|Chevrolet Tavera]]||1995||2017||Past models:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet SRV|Chevrolet SRV]] (sports hatch), [[w:Chevrolet Optra|Chevrolet Optra]], [[w:Chevrolet Enjoy|Chevrolet Enjoy]], [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa]] (sedan), [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa Sail]] (hatchback), [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa Swing]] (station wagon), [[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]]. &lt;br /&gt; 

The new [[w:General Motors India|GM India]] began as a 50/50 joint venture with [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]] in 1994.The Halol plant was bought from [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]] in 1995. GM bought out [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]] in 1999.  

Sold to SAIC to produce [[w:MG Motor India|MG Motor India]] vehicles in 2017.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body - Hamilton-Fairfield Stamping Plant||[[w:Hamilton, Ohio|Hamilton, Ohio]]||United States||Stampings &amp; Bodies for GM vehicles||1947||1988||Located at 4400 Dixie Highway. Now the Fisher Industrial Park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Harrison Radiator Division - Moraine||[[w:Moraine|Moraine]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Machining and assembly of automotive A/C compressors, valves, and accumulator dehydrators||1941||1999||Located at 3600 Dryden Road. Originally built for [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]]. In 1975, automotive and appliance operations were split with the automotive operations becoming Delco Air Conditioning Division. [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] appliance division was sold in 1979. Delco Air Conditioning Division merged into Harrison Radiator Division in 1981. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] in 1999. Became Delphi Harrison Thermal Systems. Closed by Delphi in 2003. Demolished by 2005.  

|- 

|H1, H2,&lt;br&gt; H3, H4 [https://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/holden_identification]||Holden Acacia Ridge Plant||[[w:Acacia Ridge, Queensland|Acacia Ridge, Queensland]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]] models including:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HT|Holden HT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HG|Holden HG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Gemini#First generation|Holden Gemini TX, TC, TD, TE, TF, TG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]]||1966||1984||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Replaced Fortitude Valley plant.

|- 

|A||Holden Birkenhead Plant||[[w:Birkenhead, South Australia|Birkenhead, South Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]&lt;br /&gt;||1926||1981||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1931 until 1938. Also produced military vehicles &amp; equipment during WWII. Before WWII, Birkenhead combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. After WWII, Birkenhead assembled CKD chassis imported from the US, Canada, &amp; the UK and combined them with bodies made in Woodville. Once Holden brand cars started to be made in 1948, body and chassis components came from Woodville &amp; powertrain came from Fishermans Bend and complete cars were assembled in Birkenhead. Vehicle production ended in 1965 when the Elizabeth plant started making complete vehicles. Birkenhead was then used as an export boxing area, a parts warehouse, and also assembled earthmoving equipment for Terex (then owned by GM) from 1969 until the mid 1970's. 

|- 

|M,&lt;br&gt; J1, J2, J3, &lt;br&gt; and J4-J9||Holden Dandenong Plant||[[w:Dandenong|Dandenong]], [[w:Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]] models including:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]] LH, LX, UC&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Sunbird|Holden Sunbird]] LX, UC&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VH)|Holden Commodore (VH)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VK)|Holden Commodore (VK)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VL)|Holden Commodore (VL)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Nova|Holden Nova]] LE, LF &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Toyota Corolla (E90)#Australia|Toyota Corolla (E90)]]&lt;br /&gt;Bedford by Isuzu &amp; [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] trucks&lt;br /&gt;Body making&lt;br /&gt;Torque converters &amp; other components||1956|||1996||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Also assembled Chevrolet trucks, Bedford vans &amp; trucks and Frigidaire appliances. Built the 1 millionth Holden (an EJ) in October 1962, the 2 millionth Holden (an HK) in March 1969, and the 4 millionth Holden (a VC Commodore) in June 1981. Vehicle production by Holden ceased in 1988, vehicle production by Toyota for itself and for Holden lasted from 1989-1994 under a plant lease agreement&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Takahiro Fujimoto |date=October 1998 |url=http://e-server.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cirje/research/dp/98/cf23/dp.pdf |title=Toyota Motor Manufacturing Australia in 1995: An Emergent Global Strategy |publisher=[[w:University of Tokyo|University of Tokyo]] |page=23 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5xJZkwEEX?url=http://e-server.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cirje/research/dp/98/cf23/dp.pdf |archive-date=2011-03-20 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Minor assembly until 1996. Then became known as Holden Service Parts Operations (HSPO) which manages the distribution and marketing of Holden service parts and accessories for the Holden dealer network and international customers.  

|- 

|L,&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; L1, L2, &lt;br&gt; L3-L5||Holden Elizabeth Plant||[[w:Elizabeth, South Australia|Elizabeth, South Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Berlina|Holden Berlina]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Calais|Holden Calais]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Caprice|Holden Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore|Holden Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Ute|Holden Ute]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Statesman|Holden Statesman]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Vauxhall VXR8|Vauxhall VXR8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet SS (2013)|Chevrolet SS]] (2014-2017)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice PPV|Chevrolet Caprice PPV]] (2011-2017)

|1959||2017||[[w:Holden|Holden]] manufacturing plant. Holden Vehicle Manufacturing Operations. Located at 180 Philip Highway. First opened as a body hardware plant making components, then expanded to making complete vehicle bodies in 1962, then expanded to making complete vehicles in 1965. Elizabeth became Holden’s only remaining car manufacturing plant in Australia in 1994. Built the 5 millionth Holden (a VN Calais) in August 1990, the 6 millionth Holden (a VX Commodore SS) in June 2001, and the 7 millionth Holden (a VE Commodore) in August 2008. Total number of vehicles built at all plants in Australia by Holden (including export models) from 1948-2017 is 7,687,675. Production ended October 20, 2017. Final vehicle made at Elizabeth and final Australian-built Holden was a VFII Commodore Redline with a manual transmission.[https://www.carsales.com.au/editorial/details/holdens-manufacturing-closure-by-the-numbers-109466/] Epicurean Food Group bought the site in 2023 and is using it as a farm to grow mushrooms.

Cars produced before its final year before closure included the [[w:Pontiac GTO#Fifth generation|Pontiac GTO]] (2004-2006), [[w:Vauxhall Monaro|Vauxhall Monaro]], [[w:Holden Monaro|Holden Monaro]], [[w:Pontiac G8|Pontiac G8]] (2008-2009), [[w:Holden Gemini#Second generation|Holden Gemini (RB)]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Holden Cruze (JH)]], [[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]], [[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Holden Vectra (JS)]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)|Statesman brand WB]], [[w:Holden WB|Holden WB]] Ute &amp; One-Tonner, [[w:Holden Adventra|Holden Adventra]], [[w:Holden Crewman|Holden Crewman]], [[w:Chevrolet Lumina#Holden-based models|Chevrolet Lumina]], [[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Fifth generation (1999–2006)|Chevrolet Caprice]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]] 5-door, [[w:Chevrolet Omega|Chevrolet Omega]] B &amp; C, [[w:Buick Royaum|Buick Royaum]], [[w:Daewoo Statesman|Daewoo Statesman]], and [[w:Daewoo Veritas|Daewoo Veritas]]. Also, [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries#Toyota Lexcen|Toyota Lexcen]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Holden Fishermans Bend Plant (Port Melbourne)||[[w:Port Melbourne|Port Melbourne]], [[w:Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:GM High Feature engine|Holden Alloytec V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V6 engine#3800 V6|Buick V6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Family II engine|GM Family II I4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden straight-six motor#Starfire|Holden Starfire I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden straight-six motor|Holden straight-six motor]]&lt;br /&gt;Manual transmissions&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Salisbury differential|Holden Banjo/Salisbury differentials]]&lt;br /&gt;Axles&lt;br /&gt;Stampings&lt;br /&gt;Components&lt;br /&gt;Foundry ||1936||2016||Headquarters of GM Holden Ltd. &lt;br /&gt; Holden's Engine Company/Holden Engine Operations.&lt;br /&gt;  

Used to build vehicles as well including the [[w:Holden 48-215|Holden 48-215]] &amp; [[w:Holden FJ|Holden FJ]]. Vehicle assembly ended in 1956 and was moved to Dandenong. &lt;br /&gt; Versions of the Alloytec/High Feature V6 were also supplied to [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab]] &amp; [[w:Alfa Romeo|Alfa Romeo]] from this plant. &lt;br /&gt; 

Sold to the Victorian state Government in 2016.  

|- 

|B||Holden Fortitude Valley Plant||[[w:Fortitude Valley|Fortitude Valley]], [[w:Queensland|Queensland]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden 48-215|Holden 48-215]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FJ|Holden FJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;||1927||1965||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1931 until 1934. Fortitude Valley combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. Replaced by Acacia Ridge plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Holden Marrickville Plant||[[w:Marrickville, New South Wales|Marrickville, New South Wales]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Marquette (automobile)#Buick brand|Marquette]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]||1926||1940||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1931 until 1934. Marrickville combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. Building sold. Replaced by Pagewood plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Holden Melbourne Plant (City Road)||[[w:Melbourne|Melbourne]], [[w:Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]||1926||1936||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Acquired by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Melbourne combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. Building sold. Replaced by Fishermans Bend plant.  

|- 

|P,&lt;br&gt; L6||Holden Mosman Park Plant||[[w:Mosman Park, Western Australia|Mosman Park (formerly Cottesloe Beach)]], [[w:Western Australia|Western Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]&lt;br /&gt;||1926||1972||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1932 until 1935. Also produced military vehicles &amp; equipment during WWII. Before WWII, Mosman Park combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. After WWII, Mosman Park assembled CKD chassis imported from the US, Canada, &amp; the UK and combined them with bodies made in Woodville. Once Holden brand cars started to be made in 1948, body and chassis components came from Woodville &amp; powertrain came from Fishermans Bend and final assembly was done in Mosman Park. Plant was closed down in 1972. Demolished in the early 1990s. 

|- 

|S,&lt;br&gt; H5, H6, H7,&lt;br&gt; H8, H9||Holden Pagewood Plant||[[w:Pagewood, New South Wales|Pagewood, New South Wales]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden 48-215|Holden 48-215]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FJ|Holden FJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HT|Holden HT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HG|Holden HG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Monaro|Holden Monaro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Statesman brand HQ-HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;Body making||1940||1980||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Also produced military equipment during WWII. Before WWII, Pagewood combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. After WWII, Pagewood assembled CKD chassis imported from the US, Canada, &amp; the UK and combined them with bodies made in Woodville. Also made Frigidaire appliances. Built the 3 millionth Holden (an HQ) in June 1974. Vehicle production ended in 1980 while plant closedown operations extended into 1981.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Holden Woodville Plant|Holden Woodville Plant]]||[[w:Woodville, South Australia|Woodville, South Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]]:&lt;br /&gt;Stamping&lt;br /&gt;Body making&lt;br /&gt;Paint shop&lt;br /&gt;Body Hardware&lt;br /&gt;Trim&lt;br /&gt;Tool &amp; Die&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Tri-Matic|Tri-Matic]] automatic transmission||1923||1965||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built before Holden was taken over by GM. Built car bodies for many brands of cars including GM brands (Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Marquette, Buick, LaSalle, Cadillac, GMC, Vauxhall, &amp; Bedford) and non-GM brands (Chrysler, DeSoto, Dodge, Plymouth, Willys, Hudson, Nash, Studebaker, Austin, Morris, Rover, Standard, Fiat, &amp; others). (Holden Motor Body Works.) Also produced military equipment during WWII. Once Holden brand cars started to be made in 1948, body and chassis components were made in Woodville. Also produced replacement parts for discontinued models. Most operations transferred to Elizabeth between 1959 &amp; 1965. Built the Tri-Matic automatic transmission from 1969-1987. Plant sold in 1984. Tri-Matic production area was leased back until production ended. Other companies continued production of spare parts.  

|- 

|V||[[w:IBC Vehicles|IBC Vehicles Ltd.]]/&lt;br&gt;[[w:GMM Luton|GMM Luton]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Company Profile |publisher=Vauxhall |url=http://media.gm.com/gb/vauxhall/en/company/c_company-profile/index.html |access-date=2009-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629105853/http://media.gm.com/gb/vauxhall/en/company/c_company-profile/index.html |archive-date=2009-06-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Luton|Luton]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Bedford CF#CF2|Bedford CF2]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Fargo#Bedford Midi / Vauxhall Midi|Bedford/Vauxhall/GME/Isuzu Midi/&lt;br&gt;Bedford Seta/Vauxhall Albany]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Carry#Bedford Rascal|Bedford/Vauxhall/GME Rascal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Carry#Export models|Suzuki Super Carry]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu MU#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Opel/Vauxhall Frontera A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu MU#Second generation (UER25FW, UES25FW, UES73FW; 1998–2004)|Opel/Vauxhall Frontera B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Frontera#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Holden Frontera (UT)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro]] A (low roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro]] B (low roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Renault Trafic (X83)]] (low roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Nissan Primastar (X83)]] (low roof versions only)||1950 (as AA Block of Luton plant)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1984 (as Bedford Luton Van Plant)||2017|| [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall plant]]. Began as the Bedford van plant when Bedford vans were moved out of the Luton passenger car plant and into a separate, nearby plant (AA Block [body assembly and paint] &amp;&lt;br&gt; K Block [trim and final assembly] of the Luton complex) connected by a bridge so that components for the CF van made in the car plant could be easily transferred to the van plant. Was part of the Bedford Commercial Vehicles Division of the GM Overseas Commercial Vehicles Corp. CF2 production ended in July 1987. Built the Isuzu-designed Midi from December 20, 1984 through May 23, 1996 though the Midi was still available through the 1997 model year. An upscale, 7-psgr. variant of the Midi called the Vauxhall Albany was built for 1991 only. Built the Suzuki-designed Rascal from February 1986 through July 3, 1993. Also built the Rascal's Suzuki counterpart, the Super Carry, for the UK &amp; other European markets. Became a joint venture with [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] called IBC Vehicles Ltd., which was incorporated on January 20, 1987. Production under IBC Vehicles began in October 1987 after the plant was reorganized and staff was retrained. GM owned 60% &amp; Isuzu held 40%. The Bedford brand was discontinued and replaced by the Vauxhall brand on light commercial vehicles as of June 1, 1990. GM bought Isuzu's stake in IBC Vehicles back in Sept. 1998 &amp; the operation was again a subsidiary of GM. It was then renamed GMM (GM Manufacturing) Luton. Began making Vivaro and Trafic midsize commercial vans in 2001, followed by the Primastar in 2002. Frontera SUV ended production at the end of 2003 and GMM Luton focused solely on light commercial vehicles from that point onwards. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. Production ended March 28, 2025. Last vehicle produced was a Vauxhall Vivaro. Site has been sold for redevelopment into an industrial park.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:IDA-Opel|IDA-Opel]]||[[w:Kikinda|Kikinda]], [[w:Socialist Republic of Serbia|Socialist Republic of Serbia]]||[[w:Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]||[[w:Opel Ascona#Ascona C (1981–1988)|Opel Ascona]] C&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa A (S83; 1982)|Opel Corsa]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]] D &amp; E&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kikinda#Senator A (1978–1986)|Opel Kikinda]] (Senator A)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Omega#Omega A (1986–1994)|Opel Omega]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series E|Opel Rekord]] E&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra]] A&lt;br /&gt;Iron castings, brake, and axle components||1977||1992|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel affiliate]]. A joint venture owned 49% by GM &amp; 51% by Kikinda Iron Foundry. IDA = Industrija Delova Automobila or Industry of Automobile Parts. The operation exported iron castings, brake, and axle components to GM/Opel, thus allowing partially built Opels to be imported into Yugoslavia and not be counted as imports. Ended by the wars of the breakup of Yugoslavia and imposition of sanctions on Yugoslavia in 1992. The plant was later restructured as the Livnica Kikinda metal foundry, which was taken over by Slovenia's Cimos in 2004 and manufactures auto parts for various European manufacturers including Opel.   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Indianapolis Metal Center||[[w:Indianapolis|Indianapolis]], [[w:Indiana|Indiana]]||United States||Metal stampings for trucks||1930||2011||Located at 340 S. White River Parkway W. Drive. Stamping plant. Acquired from the former Martin-Parry Corporation in 1930. Became a Chevrolet plant making truck bodies. Became part of GM Truck &amp; Bus Group in 1982 and in early 1992, became part of NATP (North American Truck Platforms) and later transferred to CLCD (Cadillac/Luxury Car Division) before joining the Metal Fabrication Division in 1994. Closed in June 2011. Demolished in 2014-2015. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Columbus, Ohio)||[[w:Columbus, Ohio|Columbus, Ohio]]||United States||Door Panel Assemblies &amp; Small Components||1946||1999||Located at 200 Georgesville Road. Originally opened as a plant for the Ternstedt Division of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication when Ternstedt merged back into Fisher Body in 1969. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2007. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Dayton Plant||[[w:Dayton, Ohio|Dayton]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Engine Mounts&lt;br /&gt;Transmission Mounts&lt;br /&gt;Strut Mounts&lt;br /&gt;Steering Wheels&lt;br /&gt;Liteflex Springs&lt;br /&gt;Brake Linings&lt;br /&gt;Brake Hose&lt;br /&gt;Brake Pads&lt;br /&gt;Ball Joints&lt;br /&gt;Ice Cube Trays ||1921||1999||Located at 2701 Home Avenue (originally Home Road). The first factory building was built in 1910 by the Wright Company and made airplanes and components. The 2nd factory building was built in 1911 &amp; made airplane engines. Aircraft production ceased in 1916. 13 different types of planes had been produced. In Feb. 1917, the plants were sold to the Darling Motor Co. but they went bankrupt shortly thereafter. The Dayton-Wright Company bought the site from Darling Motor on March 22, 1917 and made aircraft parts at the site for its Moraine assembly plant from 1918 to 1919. Dayton-Wright Company was bought by GM in 1919 &amp; it was initially run as a GM subsidiary. In 1923, the aircraft part of the business was sold to Consolidated Aircraft Co. &amp; this site switched from aviation production to automotive production. Inland Manufacturing Division (originally Inland Mfg. Company) of GM was formed on January 6, 1923 at this site, initially to make steering wheels. Merged with Fisher Guide to became Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] in 1999. Delphi closed it in 2008. The 2 original Wright Brothers' buildings were left standing and became part of Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park in 2009 but the rest was demolished around 2014. The Wright Brothers factory buildings were damaged by fire in March 2023.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Detroit - Fort St.)||[[w:Detroit, Michigan|Detroit, Michigan]]||United States||Door hinges and interior parts||1920||1989||Located at 6307 W. Fort St. &amp; Livernois St. Was Ternstedt's headquarters until 1962. Originally opened by Ternstedt Manufacturing Co., which was taken over by Fisher Body Co. in 1920. Became part of GM when GM took over Fisher Body in 1926. Ternstedt became a separate division of GM in 1948 before merging back in to Fisher Body in 1969. Was a plant for the Ternstedt Division (Plant# 16) of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. Is now Evans Distribution Systems.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Elyria, Ohio)||[[w:Elyria, Ohio|Elyria, Ohio]]||United States||Car seats||1947||1990||Located at 1400 Lowell St. Originally opened as a plant for the Ternstedt Division of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication when Ternstedt merged back into Fisher Body in 1969. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Euclid, Ohio)||[[w:Euclid, Ohio|Euclid, Ohio]]||United States||Vehicle Bodies until 1970&lt;br /&gt;Then, trim fabrication, seat covers &amp; backs, upholstery, door panels, sunvisors, &amp; other interior parts.&lt;br /&gt;Also made seats &amp; cushions for Sea Ray Boats||1947||1993||Located at 20001 Euclid Ave. Originally built in 1943. Bought by GM in 1947 from Cleveland Pneumatic Aerol Co., which made rocket shells and aircraft landing gear there during WWII. Was a Fisher Body plant making bodies for Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, &amp; Buick until 1970. Then became a Fisher Trim Fabrication plant. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. Closed in 1993. Site currently in use by an industrial supply store (HGR) and indoor sports facilities (The Sports Plant).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Automotive industry in Flint, Michigan#Coldwater Road Plant|Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Flint - Coldwater Road)]]||[[w:Genesee Township, Michigan|Genesee Township, Michigan]]||United States||Window regulators, door hinges, door modules and seat adjusters||1953||1996||Located at 1245 East Coldwater Road. Originally opened as a plant for the Ternstedt Division of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication when Ternstedt merged back into Fisher Body in 1969. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Sold to Peregrine Inc. in 1996, which continued making window regulators and door hinges and modules. Closed by Peregrine in 1998. A GM subsidiary called REALM bought the property in 1999 and GM used the administration building until 2000. Demolished by 2001. Site now used by Deployment Strategies Group LLC for container storage. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Grand Rapids, Michigan)||[[w:Walker, Michigan|Walker, Michigan]]||United States||Interior trim||1942||1998||Located at 2150 Alpine Avenue NW. Built by Haskelite Manufacturing Corporation to make wooden gliders for use in WWII. Bought by GM in the early 1950's. Built fuselages for [[w:F-84F Thunderstreak|F-84F Thunderstreak]] fighter jets. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Became part of Delphi in 1995. Sold by GM to [[w:Lear Corp.|Lear Corp.]] in 1998. Closed by Lear in 2005. Now called Avastar Park, a multi-tenant industrial site.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Livonia, Michigan)||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia, Michigan]]||United States||Seat Cushions, Seat Pads, Seat Backs, Door Panel Trim||1954||1995||Built on the site of the former Detroit Transmission Division plant that burned down in 1953. Located at 28400 Plymouth Road. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Closed in 1995. Sold to Peregrine Inc. in 1996, which continued making interior trim parts. Peregrine then closed the plant in 1998. Now the Plymouth Road Technical Center, a multi-tenant site for industrial, warehousing, and logistics purposes. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Syracuse)||[[w:Salina, New York|Salina, New York]]||United States||Metal auto parts (die casting, stamping, machining, painting, plating), Plastic trim parts - exterior and interior (injection molding)||1952||1993||Located at One General Motors Drive (address sometimes listed as 1000 Town Line Road). Plastic operations were added in the early 1960's. Metal operations were subsequently reduced and ultimately replaced by the plastic operations by the early 1970's. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. Closed December 1993. Property is now Salina Industrial Powerpark, a multi-tenant industrial park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Tecumseh, Michigan)||[[w:Tecumseh, Michigan|Tecumseh, Michigan]]||United States||Seat Pads &amp; Backs||1966||1988||Located at 5550 Occidental Highway. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984. Now occupied by Uniloy Inc., a plastics company. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Inland Fisher Guide Plant (New Jersey)|Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Trenton)]]||[[w:West Trenton, New Jersey|West Trenton]], [[w:Ewing Township, New Jersey|Ewing Township]], [[w:New Jersey|New Jersey]]||United States||Door handles&lt;br /&gt;Hinges&lt;br /&gt;Door locks&lt;br /&gt;Seat adjusters&lt;br /&gt;Exterior body moldings and painted components||1938||1998||Located at 1445 Parkway Ave. Built 7,546 [[w:TBM Avenger|TBM Avenger]] torpedo bombers during WWII under license from Grumman as part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division. In 1961, the facility became the first commercial user in the United States to use a programmable industrial robot to replace human workers. Brief article about the plant's closing and displaced workers. 1993 Plant closing date was later delayed until Summer of 1998 : [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CEEDB1E3EF937A35751C1A964958260] Originally part of the [[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Ternstedt Division|Ternstedt Division]] of Fisher Body, then the Ternstedt Division of GM in 1948 before Ternstedt merged back in to Fisher Body in 1969. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Closed in 1998. Plant was subsequently demolished. Site redeveloped into Ewing Town Center, a mixed retail and residential complex. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Vandalia, Ohio)||[[w:Vandalia, Ohio|Vandalia, Ohio]]||United States||Door Panel Assemblies&lt;br /&gt;Seat Pads&lt;br /&gt;Instrument Panels||1941||1999||Located at 250 Northwoods Boulevard. Originally a GM Aeroproducts division facility making aircraft propellers, Aeroproducts division became part of GM's Allison division in 1952, site was absorbed by GM's Inland division in 1961 after propeller production moved to Allison's Indianapolis operation in 1960, merged into Inland Fisher Guide division in 1991, became part of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary in 1995 and transferred to Delphi Chassis Division. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Transferred to Delphi Thermal Division in 2007. Sold in 2015 to [[w:Mahle GmbH|Mahle GmbH]]. Mahle transferred operations to its Behr plant in Dayton and closed the Vandalia plant by 2016. Mahle sold the property in 2017.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors International A/S||[[w:Copenhagen|Copenhagen]]||[[w:Denmark|Denmark]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]||1924||1974||GM's 1st European assembly plant &amp; 1st assembly plant outside North America. First vehicle off the line was a Chevrolet utility truck on January 7, 1924. Pontiac assembly began July 24, 1926. Oakland, Oldsmobile, &amp; Buick assembly began in 1929. In the 1960's, the Chevy Chevelle &amp; Buick Skylark were assembled along with most Opel &amp; Vauxhall models. Station wagon-based vans were assembled as was the Opel 1500, based on the 1200. Production ended in Oct. 1974. Over 550,000 units had been produced.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|Ipiranga]]||[[w:Ipiranga (district of São Paulo)|Ipiranga]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo (state)]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]||1925||1930||GM's 1st Brazilian assembly plant. Replaced by Sao Caetano do Sul plant.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pars Khodro|General Motors Iran]]||[[w:Tehran|Tehran]]||[[w:Imperial State of Iran|Imperial State of Iran]]||[[w:Opel Commodore#Foreign assembly|Chevrolet Iran 2500/2800/Royale]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Chevrolet Iran (Nova)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark#Buick Skylarks in Iran|Buick Iran (Skylark)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Seville#First generation (1976–1979)|Cadillac Iran (Seville)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|Chevrolet C/K pickup]] ||1974||1987||When the Shah ruled Iran, GM established a joint venture in Iran called GM Iran. GM held 45% while Pars Khodro held the other 55%. Production began on January 15, 1974 of the Opel Commodore-based Chevrolet Iran 2500/2800/Royale. By 1977, this was replaced by the American Chevrolet Nova, Buick Skylark, &amp; Cadillac Seville. Chevy pickups followed. Once the Shah was overthrown in the 1979 Revolution and Iran was taken over by fanatics, GM abandoned the factory &amp; Iran. The company became Pars Khodro and the local management changed. Production of GM models continued sporadically until 1987 when it finally ended. 

|- 

|J (1953-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;21 (1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Janesville Assembly Plant|Janesville Assembly Plant]]||[[w:Janesville, Wisconsin|Janesville, Wisconsin]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1992-1994)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (1995-2009) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1947-1966, 1992-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tiltmaster|Chevrolet Tiltmaster/W-Series (Gas-powered)]] (1994-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Forward|GMC Forward/W-Series (Gas-powered)]] (1994-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series (Gas-powered)]] (1994-2009)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe|GMC Yukon]] (1992-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000)|GMC Yukon Denali (GMT800)]] (2001-2006)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon Denali (GMT900)]] (2007-2009) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1992-1999)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Yukon XL|GMC Yukon XL]] (2000-2009) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Ninth generation (2000)|GMC Yukon XL Denali (GMT800)]] (2001-2006) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|GMC Yukon XL Denali (GMT900)]] (2007-2009)||1919||2009||Located at 1000 General Motors Dr. Was the oldest active GM assembly plant at time of its closure in 2009; largest under one roof in the U.S. 

Originally built [[w:Samson Tractor|Samson tractors]] from 1919-1922. Also made [[w:Samson Tractor#Trucks and a car|Samson trucks]] from 1920-1922. On October 1, 1922, the Janesville plant was transferred to Chevrolet. Started producing Chevrolets on Feb. 14, 1923. Shortly thereafter, a neighboring Fisher Body plant was added. Plant closed from September 1932 - late 1933. During World War II, both the Chevy &amp; Fisher Body sides of the plant were controlled by Oldsmobile and made artillery shells. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Janesville Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. On April 21, 1967, the 100 millionth GM vehicle built in the US, a blue, two-door Chevrolet Caprice, was produced at the Janesville plant. Full-size cars ended production in 1982 and were replaced by the compact J-cars like the Cavalier. Last passenger car built was the 1991 Chevy Cavalier. Only SUVs and trucks were subsequently built. SUV production ended Dec. 23, 2008. Last vehicle produced was a black 2009 Chevy Tahoe. Medium-duty truck production ended on April 23, 2009, marking the end of vehicle production at Janesville. Officially, the plant was placed on &quot;standby&quot; status but production never restarted and the 2015 GM-UAW contract allowed Janesville to be closed permanently. Demolished from 2018-2019.&lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]], [[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]], [[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]], [[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]], [[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]], [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]], [[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]], [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]], [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1982), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1982-1991), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1982), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Buick Skyhawk#Second generation (1982–1989)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1988-1989), [[w:Cadillac Cimarron|Cadillac Cimarron]] (1982-1988), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|Chevrolet R/V]] (1987-1989), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K crew cab (GMT400)]] (1992-1994), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|Chevrolet C3500HD]] (1991-1998), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Second generation (1990–2002)|Chevrolet Kodiak (GMT530)]] (1990-2002), [[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series#Third generation (1993–2003)|Chevrolet B-series]] (1993-02), [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet T-Series]] (1997-2002), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|GMC R/V]] (1987-1989), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra crew cab (GMT400)]] (1992-1994), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|GMC Sierra C3500HD]] (1991-1998), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Second generation (1990–2002)|GMC TopKick (GMT530)]] (1990-02), [[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series#Third generation (1993–2003)|GMC B-series]] (1993-2002), [[w:GMC T-Series|GMC T-Series]] (1997-2002), [[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] (1997-2002)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Kalamazoo Metal Center||[[w:Kalamazoo, Michigan|Kalamazoo, Michigan]]||United States||Stamped Body panels ||1965||1999|| Located at 5200 East Cork Street. Metal stamping plant. Started out as a Fisher Body plant. Now Midlink Business Park. 

|- 

|K||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]]||[[w:Gunsan|Kunsan]], [[w:Jeolla Province|Jeolla]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Cruze#Australia|Holden Cruze (JG sedan/JH wagon)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Seventh generation (BK, BL; 2016)|Holden Astra Sedan (BL)]] (4-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Family Z engine|Family Z diesel engine]]||1997||2018||Past models: [[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Daewoo Lacetti]], [[w:Daewoo Nubira|Daewoo Nubira]], [[w:Daewoo Tacuma|Daewoo Tacuma]], [[w:Chevrolet Optra|Chevrolet Optra]], [[w:Chevrolet Vivant|Chevrolet Vivant]], [[w:Holden Viva|Holden Viva (JF)]], [[w:Suzuki Forenza|Suzuki Forenza]], [[w:Suzuki Reno|Suzuki Reno]] 

This factory also produced Chevrolet vehicles for [[w:General Motors Europe|General Motors Europe]] and [[w:Chevrolet Europe|Chevrolet Europe]]. The factory permanently closed on May 31, 2018, due to low productivity caused by GM's withdrawal from Europe in 2017 and due to GM's restructuring of its GM Korea operations. Sold to Myoung Shin Co., Ltd. in 2018. Diesel engines were produced at an adjacent facility beginning in 2006.  

|- 

|A&lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-1990)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;8 &lt;br /&gt;(1929-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Lakewood Assembly|Lakewood Assembly]]||[[w:Lakewood Heights, Atlanta|Lakewood Heights, Georgia]]||United States ||[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966, 1987-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Safari|Pontiac Safari wagon]] (1987-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick LeSabre Estate wagon]] (1987-1989)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick Electra Estate wagon]] (1987-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick Estate wagon]] (1990)||1928||1990||Located at McDonough Boulevard and Sawtell Avenue. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Lakewood Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Idled from September 1982 to early 1984. Production ended with Chevrolet Caprice Classic &amp; Buick Estate Wagon. Last vehicle produced was a gray Chevy Caprice on &lt;br&gt; August 6, 1990.&lt;br /&gt; Past models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1966), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1957, 1965-1966).  Also built the &lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Chevette|Chevrolet Chevette]] (1981-1982, 1984-1987) &amp; [[w:Pontiac 1000|Pontiac 1000]] (1981-1982, 1984-1987),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Acadian|Pontiac Acadian]] (Canada only).&lt;br&gt;  GM G-body: [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Third generation (1969–1972)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1970-1972). GM A-body: [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1970), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#Second generation (1964–1967)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1965), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1973-1979), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1969, 1971-1973), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1971-1977).&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1948-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-80), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1980).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Lansing Car Assembly|Lansing Car Assembly - Body]]||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||Automotive bodies||1920||2005||Located at 401 N. Verlinden St. Opened as a [[w:Durant Motors|Durant Motors]] plant in 1920. Durant Motors went out of business in 1931 and the plant was vacant until GM bought it in 1935. Known as GM's Lansing Plant 6. The plant reopened as a Fisher Body plant replacing the Fisher Body operation within the main Oldsmobile plant (Lansing Plant 1) that operated out of space leased from Oldsmobile since 1923. It supplied bodies to the main Oldsmobile plant (Lansing Plant 1 or Lansing Car Assembly - Chassis). Together with the chassis plant, they made up Lansing Car Assembly. Demolished in 2008-2009.  

|- 

|M (1949-1984 [All], 1985-2005 [North Line])||[[w:Lansing Car Assembly|Lansing Car Assembly - Chassis (North)]]||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||,&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier#Third generation (1995)|Chevrolet Cavalier coupe]] (1995-1998),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (2001-2003),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Classic]] (2004-2005),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Grand Am|Pontiac Grand Am]] (1992-2005),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Calais|Oldsmobile Calais]] (1985-1987),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais|Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais]] (1988-1991),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Achieva|Oldsmobile Achieva]] (1992-1998),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Skylark#Sixth generation (1985–1991)|Buick Somerset Regal/Somerset/Skylark]] (1985-1991)||1902||2005|| &quot;M&quot; - North assembly line. Part of GM's Lansing Plant 1. Located around 1014 Townsend St., next to the former Oldsmobile headquarters at 920 Townsend St. This was Oldsmobile's home plant. It predated the founding of GM in 1908. Fisher Body leased space here to build bodies for Oldsmobile beginning in 1923, when Fisher started making bodies for 1924 Oldsmobiles. In 1935, Fisher Body moved to the ex-Durant Motors plant on Verlinden St. that GM bought earlier that year. Oldsmobile then took back the space that Fisher Body had been using (Bldg. 26). Lansing Car Assembly was converted to build unibody, fwd, compact cars for 1985 for multiple GM brands instead of the previous body-on-frame, rwd midsize &amp; full-size cars exclusively for Oldsmobile. Demolished in 2007.  

Past models: [[w:Oldsmobile F-Series|Oldsmobile F-Series]] (1928-1938), [[w:Oldsmobile L-Series|Oldsmobile L-Series]] (1932-1938), [[w:Oldsmobile Series 60|Oldsmobile Series 60]] (1939-1948), [[w:Oldsmobile Series 70|Oldsmobile Series 70]] (1939-1950), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1984), Oldsmobile 80 (1939), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#First generation (1941)|Oldsmobile 90]] (1940), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#First generation (1941)|Oldsmobile 96]] (1941), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1941-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#1953|Oldsmobile 98 Fiesta]] convertible (1953),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#First generation (1971–1976)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1971-1976), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1961-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1966-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1964-80), [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Oldsmobile Toronado|Oldsmobile Toronado]] (1966-1978), [[w:Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser|Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser]] (1964-1977), [[w:Viking (automobile)|Viking]] (1929-1931)&lt;br /&gt;Oldsmobile engines:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile straight-6 engine|Oldsmobile straight-6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile straight-8 engine|Oldsmobile straight-8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile V8 engine|Oldsmobile Rocket V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile V8 engine#Aluminum 215|Oldsmobile Rockette V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Diesel engine|Oldsmobile Diesel V8]]

|- 

|C (1985-2004 [South Line])||[[w:Lansing Car Assembly|Lansing Car Assembly - Chassis (South)]]||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Pontiac Grand Am|Pontiac Grand Am]] (1985-2004),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Calais|Oldsmobile Calais]] (1985-1986),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Alero|Oldsmobile Alero]] (1999-2004),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Alero|Chevrolet Alero]] (Export only: 1999-2001),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Skylark#Seventh generation (1992–1998)|Buick Skylark]] (1992-1998)||1902||2004||&quot;C&quot; - South assembly line. Only started using a separate plant code from the North plant beginning with the 1985 N-body cars. Part of GM's Lansing Plant 1. Located around 1014 Townsend St., next to the former Oldsmobile headquarters at 920 Townsend St. Demolished in 2007.  

|- 

|B&lt;br /&gt;(0 for EV1)||[[w:Lansing Craft Centre|Lansing Craft Centre]]||[[w:Lansing Township, Michigan|Lansing Township, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet SSR|Chevrolet SSR]] (2003–2006)||1987||2006||Located at 2801 West Saginaw Street, across the street from the Lansing Metal Center. Originally built by Ryan-Bohn Foundry and opened in 1920. Owned by Driggs Aircraft Company from 1927-1930. Owned by R.E. Olds from 1930-1940 but not used. Bought by GM's Oldsmobile Division in 1940. Became GM's Lansing Plant 2. Also known as Olds Forge. Built artillery shells during WWII. Oldsmobile used this plant as a forge (through 1983) and for making axles and differentials (through 1984). Became known as the Oldsmobile Differential Plant and Foundry. Converted into a full vehicle assembly plant including stamping, body shop and general assembly areas. First opened as a vehicle assembly plant known as the Reatta Craft Centre in 1988 though pilot production began in December 1986. After Buick Reatta production ended in 1991, plant was renamed Lansing Craft Centre. Used by the Genasys joint venture with [[w:American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to complete production of the Chevy Cavalier and Pontiac Sunfire convertibles. Cavalier and Sunfire convertible production ends during 1999. Cadillac Eldorado production moved here from Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly during 2000. Eldorado production ended April 22, 2002. Plant was then converted to truck production for the Chevy SSR. First saleable production SSR completed on July 29, 2003. Final SSR built March 17, 2006. Closed in 2006. Demolished in 2008-2009. 

Past models: [[w:Buick Reatta|Buick Reatta]] (1988–1991), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier#Third generation (1995)|Chevrolet Cavalier convertible]] (1995–2000), [[w:Pontiac Sunfire|Pontiac Sunfire]] convertible (1995–2000), [[w:General Motors EV1|General Motors EV1]] (1997, 1999), [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#Twelfth generation (1992–2002)|Cadillac Eldorado]] (2000-2002)

|- 

|||[[w:Lansing Engine Plant|Lansing Engine]]||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Oldsmobile Diesel engine|Oldsmobile Diesel V6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Quad 4 engine|Quad 4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Ecotec engine|GM Ecotec engine]] (2002 only)||1981||2002||Located at 2901 S. Canal Road. Known as GM's Lansing Plant 5. Also known as Delta Engine. Built to produce experimental diesel engine; part of Ryder Logistics since 2005.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Lansing Metal Center|Lansing Metal Center]]||[[w:Lansing Township, Michigan|Lansing Township, Michigan]]||United States|| Stamping and electroplating bumpers; general machining of crankshafts and connecting rods; and machining, welding, and stamping of other automobile parts||1952||2006|| Located at 2800 W. Saginaw Street, across the street from the Lansing Craft Centre. Known as GM's Lansing Plant 3. Also known as the Olds Jet plant. Originally built to manufacture turbine blades for Buick-built J65 axial flow jet engines. Metal fabricating plant. Electroplating operation ended in May 1987. Closed in March 2006. Demolished in 2008-2010.  

|- 

|K &lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-1988)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5 (1929-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;M (1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;8 (1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]]) ||[[w:Leeds Assembly|Leeds Assembly]]||[[w:Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City, Missouri]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1984-1987),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Firenza|Oldsmobile Firenza]] (1982-1988),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Skyhawk#Second generation (1982–1989)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1982-1988)&lt;br&gt;[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#Second generation (1982–1994)|Pontiac J2000]] (1982)||1929||1988||Located at 6817 Stadium Drive. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Leeds Assembly began making Pontiac and Buick passenger cars for 1964. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Leeds Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Retooled to build fwd J-cars for 1982. Closed April 15, 1988. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Apollo|Buick Apollo]] (1974), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1965-1968, 1970), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1980-1981), [[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1964-1970, 1975-76), [[w:Buick Special#1964–1967|Buick Special]] (1964-1967), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1961), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1974, 1977), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1964-1974, 1978-80), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1971-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-63, 1974-1977),[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952, 1956, 1959, 1961-1962), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1971-1974), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1980), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1968), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1964-1968), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1964-1965)

|- 

|K ('94-'05)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;E ('65-'91)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;L (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] &amp; [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 3 (Pre-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]]) ||[[w:Linden Assembly|Linden Assembly]]||[[w:Linden, New Jersey|Linden, New Jersey]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (1995-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|GMC Jimmy]] (1995-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|Chevrolet S-10]] (1994-2004)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|GMC Sonoma]] (1994-2004)||1937||2005||Located at 1016 W. Edgar Road. Linden Assembly was the 2nd GM multi-brand assembly plant (the 1st was Southgate, CA), assembling Buick, Oldsmobile, and Pontiac models. It was operated by GM's Linden Division through January 1942. During WWII, GM built 5,837 [[w:FM-1 Wildcat|FM-1 Wildcat]] and [[w:FM-2 Wildcat|FM-2 Wildcat]] fighter planes at Linden under license from Grumman as part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division. After the war ended, in 1945, Linden &amp; Southgate were both placed in a new division called the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. In 1971, Linden Assembly became the first plant outside Cadillac's home plant in Detroit to assemble Cadillacs when it began to assemble C-body Cadillacs like the DeVille &amp; Calais. In 1979, Linden became the sole source for all three of GM's E-body personal luxury coupes, the Oldsmobile Toronado, Buick Riviera, and Cadillac Eldorado. The closely related K-body Cadillac Seville was added in 1980. In the mid-1980s, the factory was retooled to produce the new L-body Chevy Beretta &amp; Corsica, which began production in 1987. This was the first time Linden built a Chevrolet model. Linden was idled in September 1991 for conversion to truck and SUV production. It reopened in 1993 to produce the 1994 S-10 and Sonoma pickups, adding the Blazer and Jimmy SUVs for 1995. Closed April 2005. Last vehicle built was a white 2005 four-door Chevy Blazer on April 20, 2005. Demolished in 2008. Now Legacy Square, a complex of retail stores, and Legacy Commerce Center, an industrial space at the back of the property along Linden Ave.&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Corsica|Chevrolet Corsica]] (1987-1991), [[w:Chevrolet Beretta|Chevrolet Beretta]] (1987-1991), [[w:Buick Riviera#Sixth generation (1979–1985)|Buick Riviera]] (1979-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile Toronado#Third generation (1979–1985)|Oldsmobile Toronado]] (1979-1985), [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#Tenth generation (1979–1985)|Cadillac Eldorado]] (1979-1985), [[w:Cadillac Seville#Second generation (1980–1985)|Cadillac Seville]] (1980-85), [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1939, 1955-1957), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963, 1971-1978), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1948-1949, 1953-1957), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1952-1957), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1955-1957), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963), [[w:Cadillac Calais|Cadillac Calais]] (1971-1976), [[w:Cadillac DeVille|Cadillac DeVille]] (1971-1978), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1976), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1941-1963, 1971-1978), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1968-1970), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1968-1970), [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-1970, 1972-1973), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1970), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1949, 1953, 1955, 1958), [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-1970), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1968), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1962, 1965-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-61) 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Livonia Engine|Livonia Engine]]||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac High Technology engine|Cadillac High Technology engine]] (4.1/4.5/4.9L OHV V8)&lt;br&gt;[[w:GM Premium V engine|Premium V engine]] (4.6L Northstar V8, 4.0L Aurora V8, 3.5L Shortstar V6)||1971||2010|| Located at 12200 Middlebelt Road. Originally built as a parts supplier to Cadillac. Converted into an engine plant for the HT-series V8 that debuted for 1982. Now a multi-tenant commercial space including [[w:Penske Corporation|Penske Logistics]] and [[w:KUKA|KUKA]]. The [[w:KUKA|KUKA]] facility appears to be the one building the initial batch of [[w:BrightDrop Zevo 600|BrightDrop Zevo 600]] electric vans for GM prior to production moving to GM's [[w:CAMI Automotive|CAMI Automotive]] plant.  

|- 

||7 (1979-2019)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; U&amp;nbsp;(1966-1978)||[[w:Lordstown Assembly|Lordstown Assembly]]||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Cruze#Second generation (J400)|Chevrolet Cruze (2016-2019)]]||1966||2019 

|GM bought the property in 1955 and announced plans for the new Chevrolet plant in 1956 but construction didn't begin until 1964. Production began on April 28, 1966. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Lordstown Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971. &lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze (2011-2015)/ Cruze Limited (2016)]], [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt|Chevrolet Cobalt]] (2005-2010)/[[w:Pontiac G5|Pontiac G5]] (2007-2009, Canada: 2007-2010), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1982-2005)/[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#Second generation (1982–1994)|Pontiac J2000/2000/2000 Sunbird/Sunbird]] (1982-1994)/ [[w:Pontiac Sunfire|Pontiac Sunfire]] (1995-2004), [[w:Chevrolet Vega|Chevrolet Vega]] (1971–1977)/[[w:Pontiac Astre|Pontiac Astre]] (1975-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]] (1978-1980)/[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#First generation (1976–1980)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1978-1980)/[[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#Second generation (1975–1980)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1978-1980)/ [[w:Buick Skyhawk#First generation (1975–1980)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1978-1980), [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|Chevrolet Van/Sportvan]] (1971-1992), [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|GMC Vandura/ Rally Van]] (1971-1992), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1966-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1966-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1966-1970), [[w:Pontiac Firebird#First generation (1967–1969)|Pontiac Firebird]] (1967-1969), [[w:Pontiac Pursuit|Pontiac Pursuit/G5 Pursuit]] (Canada: 2005-2006), [[w:Toyota Cavalier|Toyota Cavalier]] (1996-2000).  

Located at 2300 Hallock-Young Road. Main assembly plant is the East part of the complex on Hallock-Young Road. Stamping plant added in 1970. Paint shop added in 2004. Stamping plant and paint shop are part of the West part of the complex on Ellsworth-Bailey Road. &lt;br /&gt; Closed on March 6, 2019. Sold to [[w:Lordstown Motors|Lordstown Motors]] in 2019. Lordstown Motors sold the plant to [[w:Foxconn|Foxconn]] in 2022 and Foxconn will do contract assembly for Lordstown Motors and others.  

|- 

|1 (Lotus Omega &amp;&lt;br /&gt;Lotus Carlton)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;H (Lotus models)||[[w:Lotus Cars|Lotus Cars]]||[[w:RAF Hethel|RAF Hethel]], [[w: Hethel|Hethel]], [[w:Norfolk|Norfolk]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||

[[w:Opel Lotus Omega|Opel Lotus Omega]] A / [[w:Vauxhall Lotus Carlton|Vauxhall Lotus Carlton]]&lt;br /&gt; 1990-1992, 950 units 

 
[[w:Lotus Esprit|Lotus Esprit]], [[w:Lotus Excel|Lotus Excel]], [[w:Lotus Elan#Elan (M100)|Lotus Elan]]

||1986||1993||GM owned Lotus from 1986-1993. GM sold Lotus in 1993 to A.C.B.N. Holdings S.A. of Luxembourg, a company controlled by Italian businessman Romano Artioli, who also owned Bugatti Automobili SpA. Artioli sold Lotus to Malaysian automaker [[w:Proton Holdings|Proton]] in 1996. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Mansfield Metal Center||[[w:Ontario, Ohio|Ontario, Ohio]]||United States||Metal stamping||1955||2010||Located at 2525 W. 4th St. Mostly demolished. Redeveloped into Ontario Commerce Park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Massena Castings Plant|Massena Castings Plant]]||[[w:Rooseveltown, New York|Rooseveltown, New York]]||United States|| Aluminum engine blocks &amp; cylinder heads for [[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Air 6 engine|Corvair engine]], Aluminum engine blocks for [[w:Chevrolet 2300 engine|Vega engine]], &amp; aluminum cylinder heads &amp; blocks for other engines.&lt;br /&gt; Also clutch housings, transmission cases, pistons, aluminum intake manifolds||1959||2009||Located at 56 Chevrolet Rd, Rooseveltown, NY 13662 &lt;br /&gt; Originally a Chevrolet facility. In 1978, became part of GM's Central Foundry Division. In 1991, Central Foundry became part of GM Powertrain. &lt;br /&gt;Production ended April 23, 2009. Demolished in 2011.

|- 

|M||Mexico City Assembly||[[w:Mexico City|Mexico City]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks &amp; vans||1937||1995&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Thomas H. Klier, James Rubenstein|title=Mexico’s Growing Role in the Auto Industry Under NAFTA: Who Makes What and What Goes Where|url=https://www.chicagofed.org/publications/economic-perspectives/2017/6.|publisher=Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Economic Perspectives, Vol. 41, No. 6|at=see table 11 and footnotes right under table 11|date=September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] including: Caprice, Chevelle, Corvair, Impala, Malibu, Nova, Malibu Rallye (Nova-based), trucks&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Buick|Buick]], [[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Olympia|Opel Olympia]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord/MX-1/&lt;br&gt;Olimpico/Fiera]] &lt;br /&gt; Located at 843 Avenida Ejército Nacional (formerly Calzada de Los Morales) although the old headquarters building was demolished in 2018. The current headquarters is in the GM Tower at the other end of the property on Blvd. Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. Started with trucks then added passenger cars in the early 1940s. Switched from assembly to manufacturing in 1965. Production ended in 1995 and most of the property was sold but GM de Mexico still has its corporate headquarters at this location. Most of the location is now Plaza Antara, an open-air shopping center. 

|- 

|2||[[w:Moraine Assembly|Moraine Assembly]]||[[w:Moraine, Ohio|Moraine, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet S-10#First generation (1982)|Chevrolet S-10]] (1982-1992)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]] 4-door (1991-1994)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995–2005)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (1995-2001)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC S-15#First generation (1982)|GMC S-15]] (1982-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sonoma#First generation (1982)|GMC Sonoma]] (1991-1992)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC S-15 Jimmy#First generation (1983–1994)|GMC S-15 Jimmy/Jimmy]] 4-door (1991-1994)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC S-15 Jimmy#Second generation (1995–2005)|GMC Jimmy]] (1995-2001)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet TrailBlazer#First generation (KC; 2001)|Chevrolet TrailBlazer]] (2002-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Envoy#Second generation (2002–2009)|GMC Envoy]] (2002-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Ascender|Isuzu Ascender]] (2003-2008)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Bravada|Oldsmobile Bravada]] (1991-1994, 1996-2004)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Rainier|Buick Rainier]] (2004-2007) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9-7X|Saab 9-7X]] (2005-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Grumman LLV|Grumman LLV]] chassis (1987-1994)||1951&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1981 (Vehicle production)||2008|| Located at 2601 West Stroop Road. Began in 1951 as part of the [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] Division of General Motors Corporation producing household appliances. [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] production ended in 1979 when GM sold [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] to [[w:White Consolidated Industries|White Consolidated Industries]] but kept the Moraine plant and converted it to build vehicles. Vehicle production began in 1981. Was part of GM's Truck &amp; Bus Group. Closed on December 23, 2008. Sold to [[w:Fuyao Group#Fuyao Glass America Inc.|Fuyao Group]] in 2014; began production of automotive glass for GM and other automakers in 2016.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Moraine Engine||[[w:Moraine, Ohio|Moraine, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Detroit Diesel V8 engine|Detroit Diesel V8 engine]] 6.2L/6.5L||1981||2000||Located at 4100 Springboro Pike. Also began as a [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] plant. Replaced by the nearby DMAX Ltd. engine plant (originally a joint venture with Isuzu) which builds the replacement engine ([[w:Duramax V8 engine|Duramax V8 engine]]). Demolished by 2003. Production of the 6.5-liter diesel V8 moved to a new AM General plant in Franklin, OH known as General Engine Products. AM General makes the engine for its own use and for GM service parts, &amp; 3rd party customers. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Muncie Transmission||[[w:Muncie, Indiana|Muncie, Indiana]]||United States||Transmissions including: [[w:Getrag 282 transmission|Getrag 282/NVG T550]], Getrag 284, Muncie M17, Muncie M20/M21/M22, Muncie M62/M64, [[w:Muncie SM420 transmission|Muncie SM420 transmission]], [[w:Muncie SM465 transmission|Muncie SM465 transmission]], [[w:New Venture Gear 3500 transmission|NV3500/NV3550]], [[w:New Venture Gear 4500 transmission|NV4500]]&lt;br /&gt;Valves, Steering gears&lt;br /&gt;Forge||1919||2006||Located at 1200 W. Eighth St. Originally founded as Warner Gear Company in 1902. Bought by GM in 1919. Became Muncie Products Division. Closed in 1932. Reopened by Chevrolet in 1935 (Chevrolet Muncie). Moved to Detroit Diesel Allison Division in 1984 &amp; then to Hydramatic Division in 1986. Became part of [[w:New Venture Gear|New Venture Gear]] joint venture with Chrysler in 1990. GM owned 36% while [[w:Chrysler|Chrysler]] owned 64%. GM sold its stake to [[w:DaimlerChrysler|DaimlerChrysler]] in 2002 but took back the Muncie plant. Became Manual Transmissions of Muncie. The plant closed in 2006. Demolished in 2008-09.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Near East||[[w:Alexandria|Alexandria]]|| [[w:Egypt|Egypt]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars and trucks &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]||1936||1958||Began CKD assembly of trucks in 1936 followed by cars in 1938. In 1951, GM Near East became the Alexandria Branch of GM Middle East. Plant was liquidated in 1958.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors New Zealand|General Motors New Zealand]]||[[w:Petone|Petone]]||[[w:New Zealand|New Zealand]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] including [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]], [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]], [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]], [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]], [[w:Chevrolet Thriftmaster|Chevrolet Thriftmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] including [[w:Pontiac Laurentian|Pontiac Laurentian]], [[w:Pontiac Parisienne#New Zealand|Pontiac Parisienne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett I (1936–1940)|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] including [[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]] (E, PA, PC), [[w:Vauxhall Wyvern|Vauxhall Wyvern]], [[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]], [[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]], [[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] including [[w:Bedford CF|Bedford CF]], [[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]] including [[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]], [[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]], [[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]], [[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]], [[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]||1926||1984||Also made [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] refrigerators, freezers, washers, and dryers (Frigidaire was owned by GM from 1919 to 1979). &lt;br /&gt;  

Axle tube assemblies, oil filters, and spark plugs.  

|- 

|Z1-Z9 [https://forums.justcommodores.com.au/threads/commodore-vin-decoder-vb-to-zb.279978/]||[[w:General Motors New Zealand|General Motors New Zealand]]||[[w:Trentham, New Zealand|Trentham]]||[[w:New Zealand|New Zealand]]||[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] including [[w:Vauxhall Chevette|Vauxhall Chevette]], [[w:Vauxhall Cresta#Cresta PC|Vauxhall Cresta]], [[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]] including [[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HQ|Holden Statesman HQ]], [[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HJ|Holden Statesman HJ]], [[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HX|Holden Statesman HX]], [[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HZ|Holden Statesman HZ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#WB|Holden Statesman WB]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VH)|Holden Commodore (VH)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VK)|Holden Commodore (VK)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VL)|Holden Commodore (VL)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VN)|Holden Commodore (VN)]], [[w:Holden Royale|Holden Commodore Royale (VH/VK/VL)]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Holden Rodeo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Gemini#In other markets|Isuzu Gemini/Holden Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#First generation (MB, ML; 1985–1988)|Holden Barina]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#First generation (1983)|Suzuki Swift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daihatsu Charade#First generation (G10, G20; 1977–1983)|Daihatsu Charade (under contract for Daihatsu)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Datsun Truck#Nissan D21|Nissan Navara pickup (under contract for Nissan)]]||1967||1990|| 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Nordiska AB||Södra Hammarbyhamnen, [[w:Stockholm|Stockholm]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] trucks||1928||1957|| Converted into a warehouse in 1957. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Northway Motor Plant||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Northway engines||1905||Burned down 1987||Located at 4584 Maybury Grand Ave. (Jeffries Expressway Service Drive) and W. Hancock St. Around 4646 Lawton St. (rear side) is the remnants of a water tower and railroad spur. Northway Motor and Manufacturing Company was acquired by GM in 1909, becoming Northway Motor and Manufacturing Division. Northway had made engines for both GM brands (in particular [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]], [[w:Scripps-Booth|Scripps-Booth]], [[w:Samson Tractor|Samson Tractor]], and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]) and other automakers. Became part of GM Intercompany Parts Group. In 1920, Northway moved to a new plant on Holbrook Ave. in Detroit. This address was subsequently been used by [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] in the 1920's and 1930's and then by Refrigeration Service Inc. in the 1950's. At some point, the building was sold to Motor City Wiping Cloth Co. but they abandoned the property in 1983, leaving behind massive bales of rags and cloths. The building burned down in a horrific fire in 1987 after homeless people in the building were burning fires there to keep warm. The fire killed three firefighters and injured ten others. The fire even spread to the nearby Continental Paper warehouse. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Northway Motor Plant/General Motors Truck Co. Plant No. 7/ &lt;br&gt;Chevrolet Gear and Axle Div.||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Northway engines, Axles, parts for past model Chevrolets||1920||1994||Located at 1806 Holbrook Ave. Northway Motor and Manufacturing Company was acquired by GM in 1909, becoming Northway Motor and Manufacturing Division. Northway had made engines for both GM brands (in particular [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]], [[w:Scripps-Booth|Scripps-Booth]], [[w:Samson Tractor|Samson Tractor]], and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]) and other automakers. Became part of GM Central Products Division. In 1920, Northway moved here from their original plant on Maybury Grand Ave. and primarily supplied engines to GMC. In 1925, became part of Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company as part of the merger of Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company and General Motors Truck Corp., the manufacturer of GMC trucks. In 1926, Northway Motor Division was liquidated and its Detroit plant was sold to Chevrolet on March 31 to become the Chevrolet Gear and Axle Div.  Part of the engine tooling machinery was transferred to the Yellow Sleeve-Valve Engine Works at East Moline, IL. Some Northway engines were still used by some GMC trucks (K-series) through 1930. Was part of the Detroit complex sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] in 1994. Now part of American Axle's Advanced Technology Development Center.  

|- 

|N&lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]) and 1965-1987&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;9 &lt;br /&gt;(1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Norwood Assembly|Norwood Assembly]]||[[w:Norwood, Ohio|Norwood, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1961)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1961)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro]] (1967-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt; (1958-1961, 1965-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]]&lt;br&gt; (1962-1966, 1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firebird|Pontiac Firebird]] (1969-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Apollo|Buick Apollo]] (1973)||1923||1987||Located at 5025 Carthage Ave. First vehicle produced was a Chevrolet Superior on August 13, 1923. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Norwood Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971.  Closed August 26, 1987. Last vehicle produced was a Chevy Camaro IROC-Z. Demolished. Now Linden Pointe on the Lateral, a mixed use retail and office space. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952)

|- 

|Z||[[w:NUMMI|NUMMI]]||[[w:Fremont, California|Fremont, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova#Fifth generation (1985–1988)|Chevrolet Nova]] (1985-1988)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Prizm|Geo Prizm]] (1989-1997)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Prizm|Chevrolet Prizm]] (1998-2002)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Vibe|Pontiac Vibe]] (2003-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Corolla (E80)|Toyota Corolla FX]] (1987-1988)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Corolla|Toyota Corolla]] (1989-2010) (E90/E100/E110/E130/E140)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Hilux#Fifth generation (N80, N90, N100, N110; 1988)|Toyota Pickup]] (1992-1995)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Tacoma|Toyota Tacoma]] (1995-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Voltz|Toyota Voltz]] (Japan: '02-'04)||1984||2009||Located at 45500 Fremont Blvd.&lt;br /&gt; Operated from 1963-1982 as a GM factory.&lt;br /&gt;From 1984-2010, operated as [[w:NUMMI|New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (NUMMI)]], which was a 50/50 joint venture between GM and [[w:Toyota|Toyota]] and assembled both GM and Toyota vehicles. First vehicle produced was a yellow Chevrolet Nova in December 1984. First Toyota produced was a Corolla FX16 3-d hatchback in September 1986. This was followed by the Corolla FX 3-d hatchback in February 1987. Nova and Corolla FX production ended in September 1988. That same month, NUMMI began producing the Toyota Corolla 4-door sedan. Geo Prizm production began in November 1988. In August 1991, Toyota pickup production began with the Regular Cab 4x2. The 4x4 followed in February 1992 ant the Xtracab followed in March 1993. Tacoma pickup production began in January 1995, replacing the previous unnamed Toyota pickup model. Prizm production ended in December 2001. In January 2002, Pontiac Vibe production began. In June 2002, production began of the Toyota Voltz, a rhd version of the Pontiac Vibe built for export to Japan. In September 2004, the 2nd generation Tacoma pickup began production. Pontiac Vibe production ended on August 17, 2009, ending GM production at Fremont. Tacoma pickup production ended March 26, 2010. The last vehicle built at NUMMI, a red Corolla sedan, was built April 1, 2010. NUMMI produced 7.7 million vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;Sold to [[w:Tesla Motors|Tesla, Inc.]] in May 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Sam Abuelsamid|title=Tesla to buy old resources from GM, Toyota for NUMMI plant|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2010/08/22/tesla-to-buy-old-resources-from-gm-toyota/|access-date=20 August 2015|publisher=Autoblog.com|date=August 22, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tesla only bought 210 of the total 370 acres owned by NUMMI. Tesla also bought $15 million worth of equipment and parts from the former NUMMI plant. Tesla took possession of the plant in October 2010. Tesla began production at Fremont in June 2012 with the Model S.

|- 

|O &lt;br /&gt;(1953-1963 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;6 &lt;br /&gt;(1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;C ([[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]])||[[w:Oakland Assembly|Oakland Assembly]] (Chevrolet)||[[w:Oakland, California|Oakland, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC New Design|GMC New Design]] (1952-1954)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Blue Chip|GMC Blue Chip]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|GMC C/K]] (1960-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952-1953, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]]||1917||1963||Located at 73rd Ave. &amp; Foothill Blvd. Built by Chevrolet before it became part of GM. Began building GMC trucks in December 1937 for the 1938 model year. Replaced by Fremont Assembly plant. Demolished. Site became Eastmont Mall which is now [[w:Eastmont Town Center|Eastmont Town Center]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland Motor Car Co.]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Oakland automobiles &lt;br /&gt; Pontiac 1926-1927||1909||1931||Located at 196 Oakland Ave. (now Cesar E Chavez Ave.). Also bordered by Baldwin Ave. and W. Howard St. GM bought Oakland Motor Car Co. in 1909. Oakland introduced sister brand Pontiac in 1926. Pontiac replaced Oakland for 1932. Early Pontiacs were built here before production moved to the new factory stretching from Baldwin Ave. east to Joslyn Ave. a little farther north. This was Pontiac's first headquarters until 1970 when Pontiac headquarters moved north to the Pontiac Assembly complex on Joslyn Ave. and &lt;br&gt; E. Montcalm St. Some of the buildings are still standing.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:es:General Motors OBB|GM-OBB]]||[[w:Quito, Ecuador|Quito]]||[[w:Ecuador|Ecuador]]||[[w:Isuzu D-Max#Second generation (RT; 2011)|Chevrolet D-Max 2011]]||1980 (1st GM product)||2024||OBB (Ómnibus BB Transportes) was founded in 1975. GM bought 22% of OBB in 1981 &amp; became majority shareholder in 1988. GM announced in April 2024 that GM-OBB will shut down at the end of August 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2024/04/gm-shutting-down-manufacturing-operations-in-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = GM Shutting Down Manufacturing Operations In Colombia And Ecuador|author=Deivis Centeno|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = April 29, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.americaeconomia.com/en/business-industries/general-motors-announces-end-car-manufacturing-operations-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = General Motors announces the end of car manufacturing operations in Colombia and Ecuador|publisher=AmericaEconomia.com|date = April 26, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Chevrolet Corsa]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa Evolution]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus Crescent|Chevrolet Esteem]], [[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Chevrolet Forsa]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Gemini#Second generation (1985)|Chevrolet Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#TF|Chevrolet LUV]], [[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Chevrolet LUV D-Max]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu MU#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Chevrolet Rodeo]], [[w:Isuzu Trooper#First generation (1981–1991)|Chevrolet Trooper]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Sail (Gen 2)]], [[w:Chevrolet Sail#Third generation (2014)|Chevrolet Sail (Gen 3)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|Chevrolet Silverado]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)|Chevrolet Vitara]], [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#Second generation|Chevrolet Grand Vitara]], [[w:Suzuki Vitara#Third generation (JT; 2005)|Chevrolet Grand Vitara SZ]] 

|- 

|6||[[w:Oklahoma City Assembly|Oklahoma City Assembly]]||[[w:Oklahoma City, Oklahoma|Oklahoma City, Oklahoma]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#EXT|Chevrolet TrailBlazer EXT]] (2002-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Envoy XL#Second generation (2002–2009)|GMC Envoy XL]] (2002-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Envoy#Envoy XUV|GMC Envoy XUV]] (2004-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Ascender|Isuzu Ascender extended length]] (2003-2006)||1979||2006||Located at 7447 SE 74th Street. &lt;br /&gt; Initially produced front wheel drive [[w:GM X platform (FWD)|X platform]] vehicles ([[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1980-1983) &amp; [[w:Pontiac Phoenix#Second generation (1980–1984)|Pontiac Phoenix]] (1980-1982)) followed by front wheel drive [[w:General Motors A platform (FWD)|A platform]] vehicles ([[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1989), [[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1988-1991), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1989-1996), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1982-1996)) as well as [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1997-2001) &amp; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Sixth generation (midsize) 1997–1999|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1997-1999). Converted to build body-on-frame SUVs for 2002 model year. Damaged by a tornado on May 8, 2003, but the company repaired the damage and returned the plant to operation just 53 days later. Idled February 20, 2006. Last vehicle produced was a white 2006 Chevrolet TrailBlazer EXT. Plant was taken over by Oklahoma City in 2008 and leased to neighbor Tinker Air Force Base. Now known as Building 9001 Tinker Aerospace Complex. Used for maintaining jet engines and for software engineering.  

|- 

|2||[[w:Opel|Opel]] Werk Bochum||[[w:Bochum|Bochum]], [[w:North Rhine-Westphalia|North Rhine-Westphalia]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Olympia#Name revival: Opel Olympia (1967–1970)|Opel Olympia]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]] A, B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]] A, B, C, D, &amp; E&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] F, G, &amp; H&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#H|Opel Astra]] H Classic (5-door, Caravan)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel GT#GT (1968–1973)|Opel GT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]] A, B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira Tourer C (2011–2019)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira Tourer]] C&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira B (2005–2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira]] B/Zafira Family&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999–2006)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;Engines&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions&lt;br /&gt;Axles||1962||2014|| Plant I was the vehicle assembly plant. First car off the line was a Kadett A. Plant II was the engine, transmission, &amp; axle plant. Engine production ended in 2004. Axle production ended in 2011. Transmission production ended Oct. 7, 2013. Vehicle production ended December 5, 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Opel|Opel]] [[w:Opelwerk Brandenburg|Werk Brandenburg]]||[[w:Brandenburg an der Havel|Brandenburg an der Havel]], [[w:Brandenburg|Brandenburg]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Blitz|Opel Blitz]]&lt;br /&gt;||1935||1944|| Bombed and heavily damaged by the Allies on Aug. 6, 1944. Factory was dismantled and shipped to the Soviet Union after the war ended as reparations. 

|- 

|6||[[w:Opel Eisenach|Opel Eisenach GmbH]]||[[w:Eisenach|Eisenach]], [[w:Thuringia|Thuringia]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa E (X15; 2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] E (3-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa D (S07; 2006)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] D (3-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] C (3-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] B &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Adam|Opel/Vauxhall Adam]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Astra F]] (1992-1995)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel Astra G]] (1998-2003)||1992||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Began production with Astra F in 1992. Began Corsa production in 1993 with Corsa B. Added production of the Adam in 2013. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] Werk Kaiserslautern||[[w:Kaiserslautern|Kaiserslautern]], [[w:Rhineland-Palatinate|Rhineland-Palatinate]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||Components&lt;br /&gt;Engines:&lt;br /&gt; Four-cylinder turbo diesel engines:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Fiat JTD engine#2.0 Multijet II|2.0 CDTI Family B turbodiesel 4-cyl.]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Fiat JTD engine#1.9|1.9 CDTI turbodiesel 4-cyl.]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM Ecotec Diesel (1997)|2.0/2.2 Ecotec direct injection turbodiesel]]

Four-cylinder gasoline engines:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM Ecotec engine|GM Ecotec engine]] 2.2&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.0|GM Ecotec engine]] 2.0 supercharged (LSJ) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Family II engine|GM Family II engine]] 1.6, 1.8, 2.0 &lt;br /&gt; 


|1966||2017||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|1&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;R (Catera)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5 (Pre-1976)||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] Werk Rüsselsheim||[[w:Rüsselsheim|Rüsselsheim]], [[w:Hesse|Hesse]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Insignia|Opel/Vauxhall Insignia]] (sedan, hatchback, Sports Tourer, Country Tourer)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Fifth generation (2008)|Buick Regal]] (2011MY from March 1, 2010-March 25, 2011)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Sixth generation (2018)|Buick Regal]] (2018-2020)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Insignia#First generation (G09; 2008)|Holden Insignia VXR (GA)]] (2015-2017)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore ZB|Holden Commodore (ZB)]] (2018-2020)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#J|Opel/Vauxhall Astra J]] (5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira Tourer C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Holden Vectra (JR)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra C (2002–2010)|Holden Vectra (ZC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Signum|Opel/Vauxhall Signum]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Omega|Opel/Vauxhall Omega]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Catera|Cadillac Catera]] (1997-2001)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Senator|Opel/Vauxhall Senator &amp; Vauxhall Royale]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Calibra|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Calibra (YE)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Monza|Opel Monza/Vauxhall Royale Coupe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore/Vauxhall Viceroy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kapitan|Opel Kapitan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Admiral|Opel Admiral]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Diplomat|Opel Diplomat]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett I (1936–1940)|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Olympia|Opel Olympia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Blitz|Opel Blitz]]&lt;br /&gt;axles&lt;br /&gt;components&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM F40 transmission|GM F40 transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;Frigidaire refrigerators (1937-c.1940 &amp; 1946-1959)||1899 (1st production car built)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; 1929 (part of GM)||2017 (left GM)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;2020 (production for GM ended)|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. GM bought 80% of Opel in March 1929 and bought the rest in 1931, making Opel a full GM subsidiary. Russelsheim previously make engines. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Rüsselsheim continued to supply the Buick Regal &amp; the Holden Commodore ZB to GM through 2020. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|S||[[w:Opel Szentgotthárd|Opel Szentgotthárd]]||[[w:Szentgotthárd|Szentgotthárd]]||[[w:Hungary|Hungary]]||[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] F 1992-1997, 80,835 units&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel Vectra]] B1 and B2 1998-1999, 4,404 units&lt;br /&gt;Opel Engines including:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM Family 1 engine| Family 1 engine]] DOHC versions 1.4, 1.6, 1.8&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM small gasoline engine|GM Small Gasoline Engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Medium Gasoline Engine|GM Medium Gasoline Engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Medium Diesel engine|GM Medium Diesel engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:VTi transmission|&quot;VTi&quot; CVT transmission]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Allison Transmission|Allison]] 3000, 4000, &amp; Torqmatic Series automatic transmissions||1992||2017 (left GM)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;2019 (production for GM ended)|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Originally a joint venture between GM &amp; Hungarian truck and engine maker Raba. GM bought out Raba &amp; became 100% owner in 1995. Production of Allison Transmissions began in 2000. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Szentgotthárd continued to supply the [[w:GM Medium Diesel engine|1.6L LH7 turbodiesel I4]] to GM through 2019. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Opel Wien|Opel Wien GmbH]]||[[w:Aspern|Aspern]]||[[w:Austria|Austria]]||[[w:Family 0 engine|Family 0]] engines (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.4 Turbo)&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions (Easytronic automated manual, F15/F17 five-speed manual and M20/M32 six-speed manual)||1982||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. Closed by Stellantis in 2024. &lt;br /&gt; Past engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 engine]] SOHC versions.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Osaka Assembly (Built on land leased from [[w:Sojitz|Nihon Menka]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TY4l3qWIIh4C&amp;q=general+motors+assembly+plant+location+osaka+japan&amp;pg=PA70|title=American Multinationals and Japan: The Political Economy of Japanese Capital Controls, 1899-1980|author=Mark Mason|date=14 October 1992|publisher=Harvard Univ Asia Center|isbn=9780674026308|via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Osaka|Osaka]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Buick from CKD kits||1927||1941||Factory was seized by [[w:Imperial Japanese|Imperial Japanese]] Government, see also [[w:General Motors Japan|General Motors Japan]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.autonews.com/article/20080914/ANA03/809150388/gm-had-early-start-in-japan-but-was-hobbled-by-nationalism|title=GM early history in Japan|author=Hans Greimel|publisher=Autonews.com|date=September 14, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/File:1926-6-1.jpg|title=Image of Osaka facility}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Oshawa Truck Assembly|Oshawa Battery Plant]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]] ||Batteries||19?||1990's?||Was part of the overall Oshawa Assembly complex (Autoplex) on Park Road South. Referred to by Delco Remy as Plant 41. This operation was closed.

|- 

|9 (1917-Mid 1923 Chevrolet)||Oshawa North||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||&lt;br /&gt;||1907||1996||The original Oshawa (North) plant opened in 1907 as a McLaughlin Motor Car Co. plant. It produced McLaughlin-Buick cars by fitting Buick engines and chassis to McLaughlin bodies. It also built Chevrolets for Chevrolet Motor Co. beginning in 1915 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Co. of Canada. McLaughlin Motor Car Co. and the Chevrolet Motor Car Co. of Canada were bought out by GM in 1918 becoming GM of Canada. GM of Canada continued to make Chevrolets and McLaughlin-Buicks (which became simply Buick after WWII) and also assembled [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland]] 1921-1930, [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] 1920-1942, 1946-1969, [[w:Marquette (automobile)#Buick brand|Marquette]] 1929-1930, [[w:Buick|Buick]] 1908-1942, 1951-1971, [[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] 1927-1930, 1932-1935, [[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]] 1923-1936. [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] production in Oshawa began shortly after US production in 1926. From the 1950's into the 1980's, Canadian market full-size Pontiacs were built on Chevrolet chassis and were powered by Chevrolet engines and had model names different from US-market Pontiacs (Pathfinder, Strato Chief, Laurentian, and Parisienne). Car production shifted to the current Oshawa complex Car Assembly plant (South plant; also known as Autoplex beginning in the 1980's) which opened in 1953. [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks were made beginning in 1919 and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]] trucks were made beginning in 1923 before truck production shifted to the Oshawa Truck plant located next to the South car plant in 1965. Oshawa also produced 65 [[w:Samson Tractor#Trucks and a car|Samson trucks]] from 1920-1921. Oshawa also produced military vehicles and equipment during both WWI and WWII. Also, Maple Leaf trucks.  

Operations were gradually moved from the older North plant to the newer South plant. The North plant, by then known as the GM North Fabrication plant making metal and plastic parts, was sold to Peregrine, Inc. in 1996. It was then sold to ACSYS Technologies Inc. in 2001. Both companies continued to operate as an auto parts manufacturer supplying GM. ACSYS closed the plant in 2004. The North plant ended all operations in 2005 and the last of it was demolished by 2006. Much of the site of the North plant at 155 Division Street (Ritson Road North is on the other side) is now a Costco.  

|- 

|1||[[w:Oshawa Truck Assembly|Oshawa Truck Assembly]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (1999-2009)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sierra|GMC Sierra]] (1988-2009)||1965||2009||Part of the overall Oshawa Assembly complex (Autoplex) on Park Road South. Truck plant was at 1100 Park Road South at the southern end of the Autoplex. Production ended May 14, 2009. Over 10 million vehicles were produced. Now the GM Canadian Technical Centre's (CTC) McLaughlin Advanced Technology Track. &lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (-1986, 1988-1998), [[w:GMC C/K|GMC C/K]] (-1986)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Main complex||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||Automotive wiring&lt;br&gt;Electric Motors||1932||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located between Griswold St NE on the north side, Dana St NE on the south side, Paige Ave NE on the east side, and N. Park Ave on the west side. Some of the earliest Packard cars were built here before Packard Automobile split from Packard Electric in 1902. Plant 4, which opened in 1938, was originally used by GM's Sunlight Electrical Division, which made electric motors. GM had acquired the former Sunlight Electrical Manufacturing Co. in March 1933. On July 1, 1943, Sunlight Electrical Division merged into GM's Packard Electric Division. Sunlight motors were still made in Plant 4. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Closed in 2006. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Plant# 41||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1947||1998||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located at 1554 Thomas Rd SE. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Closed in 1998. Sold in 2004 to Wetzel, Inc. Sold to Berk Enterprise, Inc. in 2009.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; North River Road complex||[[w:Bazetta Township, Ohio|Bazetta Township, Ohio]] and [[w:Howland Township, Trumbull County, Ohio|Howland Township, Ohio]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1955||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located on North River Road and Larchmont Avenue NE. The plant is in Bazetta Township and extends across the border into Howland Township. The majority is in Bazetta Township. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Parts of the site have been closed and demolished and/or sold but Delphi successor Aptiv still operates part of the site at 1265 North River Road.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Brookhaven Plant||[[w:Brookhaven, Mississippi|Brookhaven, Mississippi]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1977||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located at 925 Industrial Park Road NE. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Delphi successor Aptiv still operates the Brookhaven plant.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Clinton Plant||[[w:Clinton, Mississippi|Clinton, Mississippi]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1973||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located at 1001 Industrial Park Dr. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. One plant closed in 2006 and the second closed in 2009.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Mexico||[[w:Ciudad Juárez|Ciudad Juárez]], [[w:Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||Automotive wiring||1978||1999||Originally established as Conductores y Componentes Eléctricos by the Packard Electric division of GM. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Delphi successor Aptiv still operates the Mexican plants.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Ireland Ltd.||[[w:Tallaght|Tallaght]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]||Wire harnesses||1975||1996||Located on Airton Road. Production and export of wiring harnesses from this plant allowed GM to import fully built-up vehicles into Ireland before Ireland fully removed its restrictions on importing fully built-up vehicles. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Closed in 1996.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Peninsular SA||[[w:Barcelona|Barcelona]]||[[w:Spain|Spain]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks||1932||1936|| Production ended due to Spanish Civil War. Liquidated around 1939.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM del Peru||[[w:Lima|Lima]]||[[w:Peru|Peru]]||[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]]/[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]||1945||1970|| 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pittsburgh Metal|Pittsburgh Metal]]||[[W:West Mifflin, Pennsylvania|West Mifflin, Pennsylvania]]||United States||Metal stamping||1949||2008||Located at 1451 Lebanon School Road. Originally part of [[w:Fisher Body|Fisher Body]] division. Demolished in 2011.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Polsce Sp. Zo.o.||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars and trucks||1928||1930's||Was at 103 Wolska St. Closed during the Depression. 

|-

|P (1939-1988)||[[w:Pontiac Assembly|Pontiac Assembly]]/Pontiac Fiero Assembly||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||In ex-Fisher Body plant (Pontiac Fiero Assembly):&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Pontiac Fiero|Pontiac Fiero]] (1984-1988)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Main plant (Pontiac Assembly) after reopening:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM G platform (RWD)|RWD G-bodies]]:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo#Fourth generation (1981–1988)|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1987-1988),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fourth generation (1978–1988)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1985-1987),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1986-1987),&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fourth generation (1978–1988)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme Classic]] (1988),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Regal#Second generation (1978)|Buick Regal]] (1985-1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Also:&lt;br /&gt; Pontiac engines:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Pontiac straight-8 engine|Pontiac straight-8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac V8 engine|Pontiac V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Trophy 4 engine|Pontiac Trophy 4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Iron Duke engine|Pontiac Iron Duke/Tech IV I4 engine]]||1927||1987 (Pontiac Assembly)/1988 (Pontiac Fiero Assembly)||This was Pontiac's home plant. Property runs from Walton Blvd. on the north to E. Montcalm St. on the south with Joslyn Ave. or for certain stretches, Highwood Blvd., on the east side and Price St. or further south, Baldwin Ave. and then N. Saginaw St., on the west side. Also known as Pontiac North to distinguish from GMC's multiple plants in Pontiac, MI. Within 90 days of ground being broken, vehicles were already being produced in Pontiac's new home plant in 1927. Final Assembly was Plant 8 of Pontiac's Assembly complex in Pontiac, Michigan. On March 14, 1962, Pontiac Assembly built the 75 millionth GM vehicle built in the US, a white 1962 Bonneville convertible. Idled in 1982 but reopened in January 1985 with bodies supplied by Flint Body Assembly. Closed in December 1987. Last vehicle built was a Buick Regal Grand National. Demolished in 1997. GM still has the Pontiac Redistribution Center on the northeast portion of this property at 1251 Joslyn Road at the intersection with E. Columbia Ave. The Pontiac Metal Center is another still active part of this property. GM still uses the eastern part of the property bordered by Joslyn Ave. on the east, E. Beverly Ave. on the north, E. Montcalm St. on the south, and N. Glenwood Ave. on the west. This area includes GM Performance and Racing Center at 900 N. Glenwood Ave. and the Propulsion Systems Pontiac Engineering Center at 800 N. Glenwood Ave. Pontiac's divisional HQ moved here in 1970 from the previous location at the former Oakland HQ on 196 Oakland Ave. (now Cesar E Chavez Ave.). Pontiac's divisional HQ at One Pontiac Plaza was about where the Propulsion Systems Engineering Center is now. [[w:Fisher Body|Fisher Body]] operated a plant on the site (Plant 17) from 1935-1982. This plant was connected to the final assembly plant by an enclosed bridge that ran over N. Saginaw St., that was used to transport the bodies from the Fisher Body plant, where bodies up to the firewall were built, to the Pontiac final assembly plant where the body was mated to the chassis and the front end, powertrain, &amp; interior were installed and the car was completed. This plant, located at 900 Baldwin Ave., was converted to build the [[w:Pontiac Fiero|Pontiac Fiero]], which it built from 1983-1988. Last Fiero built August 16, 1988. GM used it as a warehouse until 2009 (&quot;Pontiac Warehouse Operations&quot;). Prototyping work was also done there. Most of the Fiero plant was demolished in 2013 (from Kennett Rd. until just before the plant sign which is just past St. Louis Ave.). There used to be an overpass going over Baldwin Ave. to the parking lot on the other side of Baldwin but this was taken down after Fiero production ended. Pontiac engines were made in Plant 9 and Plant 18. Another engine plant was built in 1981 in the northern part of the property. It was originally called Plant 55, later renamed Plant 33. It was next to Plant 51, later renamed Plant 25, which did chassis parts and machining and later, engine machining. Engine production ended in 1993. Plant 9 was demolished in 1997 &amp; Plant 18 was demolished in 1998. Plants 25 &amp; 33 were demolished sometime between 2008 &amp; 2013. Some parts of the complex have been sold to U-Pull And Save Auto Parts, Dani’s Trucking, GFL Environmental, &amp; Bedrock Express. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Six|Pontiac Six]] (1927-1932, 1935-1940), Pontiac Series 302 V8 (1932), Pontiac Economy Eight (1933-1934), Pontiac Improved Eight (1935), Pontiac Deluxe Eight (1936-1940), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville (B-body)]] (1958-80), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Seventh generation (1982–1986)|Pontiac Bonneville (G-body)]] (1982), [[w:Pontiac Can Am|Pontiac Can Am]] (1977) [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1980), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1949-1958), [[w:Pontiac Custom S|Pontiac Custom S]] (1969), [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-70), [[w:Pontiac Grand Am#1973–1975|Pontiac Grand Am (1973-75)]], [[w:Pontiac Grand Am#1978–1980|Pontiac Grand Am (1978-80)]], [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix (B-body)]] (1962-1968), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Third generation (1969–1972)|Pontiac Grand Prix (G-body)]] (1969-1972), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix (A-/G-body)]] (1973-1982), [[w:Pontiac Grand Safari|Pontiac Grand Safari]] (1971-1978), [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1971-75), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1973), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1962-1981), [[w:Pontiac Safari|Pontiac Safari]] (1955-1957), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1954-66), [[w:Pontiac Streamliner|Pontiac Streamliner]] (1941-51), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1961-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans#1970|Pontiac T-37]] (1970-1971), [[w:Pontiac Torpedo|Pontiac Torpedo]] (1940-1948), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961)

|- 

|V (1972-1990)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P (Pre-1972)||Pontiac Central Assembly||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States|||[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|GMC C-Series/E-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC New Design|GMC New Design]] (1947-1951, 1952-1954)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Blue Chip|GMC Blue Chip]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K|GMC C/K]] (1960-1985)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1967-1985)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1937-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Motorhome|GMC Motorhome/TransMode]] (1978)&lt;br /&gt; Buses ([[w:GM &quot;old-look&quot; transit bus|Yellow Coach/GM &quot;old-look&quot; transit bus]] (1940-1969), [[w:GM PD-4103|GM PD-4103]], [[w:PD-4501 Scenicruiser|PD-4501 Scenicruiser]], [[w:GM New Look bus|GM New Look bus]] (1960-1977), [[w:GM Buffalo bus|GM Buffalo bus]] (1966-1980), [[w:Rapid Transit Series|Rapid Transit Series (RTS)]] (1978-1987))&lt;br /&gt;Medium Duty Trucks &amp; Heavy Duty Trucks including:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)#Medium-duty trucks|Chevrolet C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1967-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series#GMC (1966–1970)|GMC E-Series medium-duty trucks]] (E4500/E5500/E6500) (1967-1968) [https://web.archive.org/web/20140109015322/https://www.gmheritagecenter.com/docs/gm-heritage-archive/historical-brochures/GMC/100_YR_GMC_HISTORY_MAR09.pdf] (page 30)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)#Medium-duty trucks|GMC C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1969-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#Medium-duty trucks (1973–1989)|Chevrolet/GMC C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1985-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|Chevrolet Kodiak]] (1985-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|GMC Top Kick]] (1985-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series|Chevrolet B-series]] (-1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series|GMC B-series]] (-1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Brigadier#Background|Chevrolet/GMC H/J series]] (1966-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bruin|Chevrolet Bruin]] (1978-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Brigadier|GMC Brigadier]] (1978-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:WhiteGMC Brigadier|WhiteGMC Brigadier]] (1988-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC General#Background|Chevrolet/GMC C/M series]] (1966-1976)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bison|Chevrolet Bison]] (1977-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC General|GMC General]] (1977-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Astro#Background|GMC F/D series &quot;Crackerbox&quot;]] (1959-1968)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Titan|Chevrolet Titan]] (1970-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Astro|GMC Astro]] (1969-1987)&lt;br /&gt;Engines ([[w:GMC straight-6 engine|GMC straight-6 engine]] 1947-1962,&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC V6 engine|GMC V6 (1960-1973)/V12 (1960-1965) engine]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:GMC V8 engine#GMC engines|GMC 60° V8]] (1966-1972))||1928||1990||Located at 660 South Boulevard East. Known as GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division Plant 2 when built. Production of trucks began in January 1928. In 1925, General Motors Truck Corp., the parent of the GMC brand, merged with Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company (including its Yellow Coach Mfg. Co. bus-making subsidiary) to form Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company, in which GM owned a majority stake of 57%. The Northway Motor Division of Detroit was transferred to General Motors Truck Corp. as part of that merger but was liquidated in 1926. On September 30, 1943, GM acquired the remainder of Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Co. and on October 1, 1943 the GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division of General Motors Corp. was formed and Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Co. was dissolved. When limited production of civilian buses resumed in March 1944, they were badged as GM Coach and the Yellow name was retired. Headquarters of Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Co. and later the GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division. Headquarters building in front of Plant 2 was completed in March 1928. Administration and engineering buildings were part of the complex. Built 409,012 [[w:GMC CCKW 2½-ton 6×6 truck|CCKW 6x6 trucks]], AFKWX 6x6 cab-over trucks, [[w:DUKW|DUKW &quot;Ducks&quot;]], &amp; other types of trucks during WWII. Also produced 2,249 buses &amp; 30 T18E2 Boarhound armored cars during WWII. The small-block, Group 1 GMC inline-6s were moved from Plant 4 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in November 1947. In December 1947, engine manufacturing and machine shops moved from Plants 1 and 4 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central. The medium- and big-block, Group 2 &amp; 3 GMC inline-6s were moved to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in February 1948. In August 1977, the GMC MotorHome was moved from Plant 3 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central. The GMC MotorHome was discontinued after 1978. [https://www.gmccolonial.com/gmc-motorhome-history] Transit bus production ended in spring 1987 when GM sold the product line to Greyhound Corporation, which continued RTS production at its [[w:Transportation Manufacturing Corporation|TMC]] plant in Roswell, New Mexico. Converted in 1994 into a Truck Product Engineering Center (Pontiac Centerpoint Campus) by GM using only the steel frame of the large main building while everything else was demolished. The Truck Product Engineering Center closed in 2009 and the site is now the Centerpoint Business Campus, which is occupied by many businesses including Fanuc Robotics and i.M. Branded.  

|- 

|E (1988-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;V (1972-1985)||[[w:Pontiac East Assembly|Pontiac East Assembly]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Medium Duty Trucks:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#Medium-duty trucks (1973–1989)|Chevrolet/GMC C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1973-85), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|Chevrolet Kodiak]] (1981-1985), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|GMC Top Kick]] (1981-85)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K (GMT400)]] (1988-1998)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra (GMT400)]] (1988-1998)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|Chevrolet Silverado (GMT800)]] (1999-2006)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|Chevrolet Silverado Classic (GMT800)]] (2007)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|GMC Sierra (GMT800)]] (1999-2006)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|GMC Sierra Classic (GMT800)]] (2007)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|Chevrolet Silverado (GMT900)]] (2007-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|GMC Sierra (GMT900)]] (2007-2009) ||1972||2009||Located at 2100 South Opdyke Road. Known as GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division Plant 6 when built, also known as Pontiac Assembly Center. Pontiac East is directly to the east of Pontiac Central. Pontiac East began by building medium-duty trucks, which were moved from Pontiac Central. In 1985, medium-duty trucks were moved back to Pontiac Central, combining with production of heavy-duty trucks and buses. GMT400 full-size pickup production began in December 1986 for the 1988 model year. Closed in September 2009. Demolished in 2011-2012. Portions of the site are now occupied by Challenge Manufacturing Co. and Williams International. 

|- 

|0 (1978-1994)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;V (1972-1977)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P (Pre-1972)||[[w:Pontiac West Assembly|Pontiac West Assembly]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Trucks, Buses,&lt;br /&gt;Engines: ([[w:Buick straight-6 engine|Buick 257/331 straight-6 engine]] (1931-1932), [[w:GMC straight-6 engine|GMC straight-6 engine]] 1933-1948), &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Motorhome|GMC Motorhome/TransMode]] (1973-1977)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#First generation (1964–1966)|Chevrolet Van/GMC Handi-Van]] (1964-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet van#Second generation (1967–1970)|Chevrolet Van/GMC Handi-Van]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971–1996)|Chevrolet Van/GMC Vandura]] (1978-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10#First generation (1982)|Chevrolet S-10]]&lt;br /&gt; (1982-1984, 1991-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC S-15|GMC S-15]] (1982-1984)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sonoma|GMC Sonoma]] (1991-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt; (1983-1994 2-d, 1994 4-d)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC S-15 Jimmy|GMC S-15 Jimmy]]&lt;br /&gt; (1983-1994 2-d, 1994 4-d)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Typhoon|GMC Typhoon]] (1992-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Bravada#First generation (1991–1994)|Oldsmobile Bravada]] (1994) ||1906||1994||Complex includes GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division Plants 1, 3, 4, and 5. Plant 1 was originally the plant of Rapid Motor Vehicle Company, one of the 2 main ancestors of the modern GMC Division (the other being Reliance Motor Car Company). Plant 1 was located at 25 Rapid Street and opened in 1906, before Rapid was taken over by GM in 1908-1909. Plant 1 started making Buick 257 &amp; 331 inline-6's in 1931 after Buick stopped making inline-6s after 1930 and switched its entire lineup to straight-8s. The tooling was moved to Plant 1 from the Buick complex in Flint. Buick had been supplying inline-6s to GMC since 1925. In 1933, GMC started making inline-6s of its own design in Plant 1. The medium- and big-block, Group 2 &amp; 3 GMC inline-6s were moved to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in February 1948. Plant 1 was demolished around 1981. Plant 3 opened in 1940 and was located at South Boulevard West and Franklin Road. Plant 3 was used for sheet metal work and material storage at first. Plant 3 later built the [[w:GMC Motorhome|GMC Motorhome]]. In August 1977, the GMC MotorHome was moved from Plant 3 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central for its final model year of 1978. Plant 3 was demolished around 2005. Plant 4 was located on South Saginaw Street (now Woodward Ave.) Engine production began in Plant 4 in October 1938. The [[w:GMC straight-6 engine|GMC straight-6 engine]] was built there through 1947/1948. Small-block, Group 1 GMC inline-6 engines were made in Plant 4 from October 1938. The small-block, Group 1 GMC inline-6s were moved to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in November 1947. In December 1947, engine manufacturing and machine shops moved from Plants 1 and 4 to Building 29 at Pontiac Central. Plant 4 was also used for material storage. Plant 4 also built the [[w:Chevrolet van|1964-1970 Chevrolet &amp; GMC full-size vans]]. Plant 4 was demolished around 2008. Plant 5 was located on Franklin Road, to the north of Plant 3. Plant 5 was demolished around 2005. After Pontiac Central opened in 1928, Pontiac West focused on machining and component manufacturing rather than vehicle assembly.[https://www.hagerty.com/media/automotive-history/a-gmc-motor-homecoming-50-years-on/] (Paragraph 4) There would be sporadic vehicle production at Pontiac West in the 1960's and 1970's (vans, motorhomes). In the 1980's, vehicle production increased as Pontiac West became one of GM's plants building compact pickups and SUVs. Production ended in 1994. Entire property sold to M1 Concourse in 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Pontiac Foundry||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Casting|Iron castings]] of engine parts. ||1927||1987||Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. Was Plant 6 of Pontiac's Assembly complex in Pontiac, Michigan. Demolished in 1995. A U.S. Postal Service distribution center now occupies the approximate area where the foundry used to be. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Regina Plant|Regina Plant]]||[[w:Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina, Saskatchewan]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]] 

|[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars &amp; trucks, Maple Leaf trucks, [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Buick|Buick]] 

|1928||1941||Factory office building is located at 1102 8th Avenue while the factory building is behind the office building stretching down Winnipeg Street down to 6th Ave. Production began on Dec. 11, 1928. Production halted in August 1930, restarted in March 1931, then halted again a few months later in 1931. Production restarted in December 1937. In 1941, taken over by the [[w:Government of Canada|Government of Canada]] to produce munitions for World War II as Regina Industries Limited. Auto production never resumed and the property was used by the Canadian Department of National Defense until the mid-1960s. Sold to the Saskatchewan provincial govt. in 1967 and then the Regina city govt. in 1987. Was used by both public- and private-sector tenants. Damaged by a fire on May 3, 2017. In 2020, the City of Regina decommissioned the building and all the tenants were required to move out. Buildings are still standing and have been used by a variety of businesses and organizations. You can still see &quot;GMC&quot; carved in stone above the front entrance to the office building. Office building is designated a Heritage Inventory Property by city of Regina. A related building is down the block at 1260 8th Avenue at the corner of Toronto Street. After the factory closed in 1941, GM still used this building for its regional administrative and parts distribution operations until it moved in 1967.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GMC (marque)#History|Reliance Motor Truck Co.]]||[[w:Owosso, Michigan|Owosso]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Reliance trucks (1909-1912)&lt;br&gt; GMC trucks (heavy duty models) (1912-1913)||1909||1913||Plant was located on Michigan Ave. In late 1908, GM bought Reliance Motor Car Co. and reorganized it as Reliance Motor Truck Co. Reliance truck production moved here from Detroit in 1909. In February 1912, the GMC brand replaced the Reliance brand as well as the Rapid brand. In 1913, production was consolidated at the Rapid Street plant of the former Rapid Motor Vehicle Co. in Pontiac, Michigan and the Owosso plant was sold. Plant was later used by American Malleables and later by Mid-West Abrasive Co., a maker of sandpaper. Plant was later extended to S. Washington St.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Saab [[w:Gothenburg|Gothenburg]] Transmission||[[w:Gothenburg|Gothenburg]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||Pre-GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab two-stroke|Saab two-stroke]]&lt;br /&gt;GM era:&lt;br /&gt;Saab 99/900 manual transmission&lt;br /&gt;[[w:F35 transmission|F35 transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM F40 transmission|GM F40 transmission]] ||1989||2009||Saab plant. Opened in 1953. Engine production ended in 1968. 

GM bought 50% of [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] in 1989 &amp; the other 50% in 2000. Transmission production ended when the 1st gen. 9-5 ended production. GM sold [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] to [[w:Spyker Cars|Spyker Cars]] in February, 2010. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saab [[w:Sodertalje|Sodertalje]] Engine||[[w:Sodertalje|Sodertalje]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||Pre-GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab B engine|Saab B engine]]&lt;br /&gt;GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab H engine|Saab H engine]] ||1989||2007||Saab plant.  Opened in 1972.   

GM bought 50% of [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] in 1989 &amp; the other 50% in 2000. Engine plant sold to [[w:Scania AB|Scania AB]] in 2007. GM sold [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] to [[w:Spyker Cars|Spyker Cars]] in February, 2010. 

|- 

|1,2,3,4,8||Saab [[w:Trollhättan Assembly|Trollhättan Assembly]]||[[w:Trollhättan|Trollhättan]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||Pre-GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 92|Saab 92]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 93|Saab 93]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 95|Saab 95]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 96|Saab 96]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 99|Saab 99]]&lt;br /&gt;GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 900|Saab 900]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9000|Saab 9000]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9-3|Saab 9-3]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9-5|Saab 9-5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac BLS|Cadillac BLS]]||1989||2010||Saab plant. Opened in 1947. Also did engine (Saab two-stroke) &amp; transmission production until 1953 when it was relocated to the Gothenburg plant. 

GM bought 50% of [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] in 1989 &amp; the other 50% in 2000. Saab also built the 9-3 based BLS for Cadillac. The BLS was not sold in the US or Canada. GM sold [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] to [[w:Spyker Cars|Spyker Cars]] in February, 2010.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Malleable Iron||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1919||2007|| Located at 77 W. Center St. Iron castings. HQ of Central Foundry Division. In 1919, Saginaw Malleable Iron and Central Foundry merged with the Jacox division into GM's Saginaw Products Company. In 1928, became the Saginaw Malleable Iron division of GM. Closed in 2007, demolished in 2010. Converted into a park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Nodular Iron||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Steering knuckles, crankshafts, disc brake caliper housings, exhaust manifolds, flywheels, differential carriers, clutch pressure plates||1967||1988|| Located at 2100 Veterans Memorial Parkway. Straddles the City of Saginaw-Buena Vista Township border. Iron castings. Closed in 1988. Later demolished. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Parts||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1909||1983|| Located on corner of 6th &amp; Washington Avenues. Opened in 1907 to build the 1908 Rainier. Bought by GM in 1909 as part of its purchase of [[w:Rainier Motor Car Company|Rainier Motor Car Company]]. Reorganized into the [[w:Marquette (automobile)#Company|Marquette Motor Co.]] which still made Rainier brand cars through 1911 as well as parts for Welch and Welch-Detroit cars. In 1912, the Rainier brand was replaced by the Marquette brand, which was said to be a combination of the previous Rainier and Welch-Detroit brands. In February 1912, the company was renamed Peninsular Motor Co. Some late production cars seem to have been badged as Peninsular. All of those activities ended at the end of 1912. In 1917, during World War I, the plant was reopened and used to manufacture mortar shells for the US Ordnance Corps. In 1919, became part of the Saginaw Products Company with this plant becoming the Saginaw Products Company Motor Plant. From 1919-1922, the plant made [[w:Chevrolet Inline-4 engine#224|OHV I4]] engines for [[w:Chevrolet Series FB|Chevrolet Series FB]] and [[w:Oldsmobile Model 43|Oldsmobile Model 43A]]. It was then used as a warehouse. From 1935, it made all different types of auto parts and service parts as Chevrolet Saginaw Service Parts Plant or from 1969, Chevrolet Saginaw Parts Plant. Closed in 1983, demolished in 1984.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear - Plant 1||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Steering components||1910||1984||Located on 628 North Hamilton St. Originally founded as the Jackson, Church and Wilcox Company (Jacox) in 1906. Bought by GM in 1910. Became the Jackson-Church-Wilcox or Jacox division of GM. In 1919, the Jacox division merged with Saginaw Malleable Iron and Central Foundry into GM's Saginaw Products Company. Became the Saginaw Steering Gear Division in 1928. Closed in 1984. Sold in 1987 to Thomson Industries. Still operates today as Thomson Aerospace &amp; Defense, a brand of Linear Motion LLC, which is owned by the Umbra Group of Italy. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear - Plant 2||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Steering Gears, pump hoses||1941||2001||Located at 1400 Holmes Street. Affectionately known as &quot;The Gun Plant&quot;, it was built in 1941 when the division was contracted to build M1919 machine guns, and M1-Carbines for World War II. After the war, normal steering gear production continued until its closure in 2001. It was demolished in 2002. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear complex||[[w:Buena Vista Township, Michigan|Buena Vista Township, Michigan]]||United States|| Complete Hydraulic and Electric Power Steering Systems, Halfshafts, Intermediate Drive Shafts||1953||2010||Located at 3900 E. Holland Road. Former Saginaw Steering Gear Division of GM. Saginaw Steering Gear Division renamed Saginaw Division in 1985. Grouped under Delphi Automotive Systems in 1995. Plant 3 opened in 1953, Plant 4 opened in 1956. The sprawling Five-Plant complex (Plants 3-7), division Headquarters and large engineering center, were spun off with Delphi in 1999. GM repurchased the Delphi Steering division from bankrupt Delphi in 2009, renaming it Nexteer Automotive, and then sold the division to [[w:Pacific Century Motors|Pacific Century Motors]] in 2010. The former GM Division now operates as &quot;[[w:Nexteer Automotive|Nexteer Automotive]]&quot;, an independent company headquartered at the Saginaw site. Nexteer moved its headquarters to Auburn Hills in 2015.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear Overseas Corp.||[[w:Hendon|Hendon]], [[w:England|England]]||United Kingdom|| Steering columns, Steering column components (jacket &amp; bracket assemblies), Vacuum pumps, EGR valves||1970 (auto parts)||?||Located on Capitol Way in The Capitol Industrial Park.  Originally opened in 1924 as a vehicle assembly plant making Chevrolets (See listing for &quot;GM Ltd.&quot;). When Chevrolet production was moved to Luton in 1930, Hendon was used for parts distribution. Later, Frigidaire made appliances at Hendon. In 1970, Hendon began producing steering columns. In 1971, more automotive components began to be produced in place of Frigidaire appliances. In 1979, Hendon became aligned with Saginaw Steering Gear in the US. In 1980, GM sold the Hendon site for redevelopment but leased back an area for construction of a new plant for Saginaw Steering Gear. The new plant opened in 1981. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and the Hendon plant became part of Saginaw Steering Gear Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Transmission||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Manual Transmissions, Brakes||1921||1999||Located at 2328 E. Genesee Ave. Built 1919–20 for the Michigan Crankshaft Company (originally founded as National Engineering Company), acquired by GM in 1921 and placed under Saginaw Products Company. In 1928, became the Saginaw Crankshaft Division of GM. Transferred to Chevrolet upon the dissolution of the Crankshaft Division in 1931 when crankshaft manufacturing was turned over to the car divisions. Made the &quot;Saginaw&quot; 3 and 4-Speed manual transmissions.  It was spun off as part of Delphi in 1999. The plant was sold to [[w:TRW Automotive|TRW Automotive]] in 2007. TRW used the plant to produces brake and suspension components (known as TRW Braking and Suspension). TRW closed this plant in 2014.  

|- 

|4||[[w:Scarborough Van Assembly|Scarborough Van Plant]]||[[w:Scarborough, Toronto|Scarborough]], [[w:Ontario|Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Chevrolet Van#Third generation (1971–1996)|Chevrolet Van]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Vandura#Third generation (1971–1996)|GMC Vandura]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sportvan#Third generation (1971–1996)|Chevrolet Sportvan]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Vandura#Third generation (1971–1996)|GMC Rally Van]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;||1952&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1974 (Vehicle production)||1993||Located at 1901 Eglinton Avenue East. Originally a [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] home appliance plant through 1970. In 1960, production of automotive components was added. Production included radios, instrument clusters, horns, shock absorbers, and propshafts. After Frigidaire production ended in 1970, only auto parts were made and the plant name was changed from Frigidaire Products of Canada to Delco Canada. Auto parts production ended in 1973 and the plant was expanded and converted to build full-size vans and renamed Scarborough Van Plant. First van produced on May 23, 1974 (a 1974 Chevy Van 10). After van production began, plant was expanded 5 times over the years. Cutaway production was added for 1975, halted in 1978, and resumed in 1980. One millionth van produced in January 1986 (a GMC model). Closed on May 6, 1993 and operations moved to [[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly]]. Scarborough produced 1,626,313 vans from 1974-1993. Plant demolished and now site of Eglinton Town Centre and Comstock Bus Garage at the southern end of the property.  

|- 


|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Scripps-Booth|Scripps-Booth]]||[[w:Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Scripps-Booth automobiles||1918||1922||Taken over by Chevrolet by the end of 1917 before Chevrolet was part of GM. When Chevrolet became part of GM, Scripps-Booth became part of GM as well. Scripps-Booth then adopted an Oakland chassis and a Northway six-cylinder engine, using parts from other GM divisions. However, a place could not be found for Scripps-Booth in GM's lineup, so GM closed it down in 1922.

|-

|8||[[w:Shreveport Operations|Shreveport Operations]]||[[w:Shreveport, Louisiana|Shreveport, Louisiana]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Colorado#First generation (2004)|Chevrolet Colorado]] (2004-2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Colorado#First generation (2004)|GMC Canyon]] (2004-2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Hummer H3|Hummer H3]] (2006-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Hummer H3#H3T|Hummer H3T]] (2009-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Colorado#Isuzu i-series|Isuzu i-series]] pickup (2006-2008)||1981||2012||Located at 7600 General Motors Blvd. General Motors Blvd. was renamed Antoine Blvd. in 2013. A portion of the complex is now used by Glovis America, a Hyundai Automotive Group subsidiary, for a vehicle logistics and processing center for Hyundai and Kia vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;Past models: &lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 |Chevrolet S-10]] (1982-03), [[w:Chevrolet S-10 EV|Chevrolet S-10 EV]] (1997-1998),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]] (1983-1991 2-d),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC S-15|GMC S-15]] (1982-1990), [[w:GMC Sonoma|GMC Sonoma]] (1991-03), [[w:GMC Syclone|GMC Syclone]] (1991),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|GMC S-15 Jimmy]] (1983-1991 2-d),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Hombre|Isuzu Hombre]] (1996-'00) 

|- 

|A||[[w:General Motors South Africa|General Motors South Africa]] Darling Street &amp; Kempston Road plants||[[w:Port Elizabeth, South Africa|Port Elizabeth]]||[[w:South Africa|South Africa]]||[[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa and Willow Run)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Beaumont (automobile)|Acadian Beaumont &amp; Beaumont]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa 1966-69)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona#Export models|Chevrolet Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)#HJ|Chevrolet Caprice Classic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Constantia|Chevrolet Constantia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevair|Chevrolet Chevair]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]]/[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Nomad#South Africa production (GMSA)|Chevrolet Nomad]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HQ|Chevrolet De Ville]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK#South Africa|Chevrolet El Camino&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet El Toro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK#South Africa|Chevrolet Kommando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet LUV|Chevrolet LUV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Monaro#Export program|Holden Monaro (HT)/Chevrolet SS (HG)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Parisienne|Pontiac Parisienne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva#South Africa|Chevrolet Firenza/1300/1900]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series D#ZA|Chevrolet 2500, 3800, 4100]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series E#Chevrolet Rekord|Chevrolet Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona#Ascona C (1981–1988)|Opel Ascona C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett A|Opel Kadett A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett B|Opel Kadett B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett D (1979–1984)|Opel Kadett D]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett E (1984–1995)|Opel Kadett E/Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Kadett F]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel Astra G]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Opel Corsa B/Corsa Lite]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viscount|Vauxhall Viscount]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva#Other markets|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Faster|Isuzu KB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max|Isuzu KB (D-Max based)]]&lt;br /&gt;||1926 (Darling Street)&lt;br /&gt;1928 (Kempston Road)||1929 (Darling Street)&lt;br /&gt;2017||Also assembled in the pre-WWII era: &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] appliances. 

Also built the [[w:Ranger (automobile)#South Africa|Ranger]]. 

 
GM sold the factory to Isuzu in 2017 and left the South African market. Isuzu consolidated its commercial truck production in the Struandale plant which already built Isuzu pickups and the Kempston Road plant ended production on Nov. 30, 2018. 

|- 

|4||[[w:General Motors South Africa|General Motors South Africa]] Struandale plant||[[w:Port Elizabeth, South Africa|Port Elizabeth]]||[[w:South Africa|South Africa]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Africa|Chevrolet Spark (M300)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Opel Corsa C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Montana#South Africa|Opel Corsa Utility/Chevrolet Utility]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Hummer H3|Hummer H3]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max#Second generation (RT; 2011)|Isuzu KB]]&lt;br /&gt;||1996||2017||Struandale was originally a Ford plant opened in 1973 which GM South Africa bought during the time it was known as Delta Motor Corp. in 1994. 

 
GM sold the factory to Isuzu in 2017 and left the South African market. Struandale absorbed Isuzu pickup production beginning with the 2nd generation D-Max around 2013 &amp; Isuzu commercial truck ([[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] &amp; [[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]) production in Jan. 2019. Isuzu KB was renamed D-Max in South Africa in 2018, aligning with the rest of the world. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors South Africa|General Motors South Africa]] Engine plant - Aloes||[[w:Port Elizabeth, South Africa|Port Elizabeth]]||[[w:South Africa|South Africa]]||[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift inline-6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]] inline-4||1966||1999?||  

|- 

|C (1965-1982)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; U (1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;S (1960-1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;C (1937-1964 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] and 1936-1959 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2 (1938-1964 &lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick|Buick]]) ||[[w:South Gate Assembly|South Gate Assembly]]||[[w:South Gate, California|South Gate, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1982) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Cadillac Cimarron|Cadillac Cimarron]] (1982)||1936||1982|| Located at 2700 Tweedy Blvd. South Gate Assembly was the 1st GM multi-brand assembly plant, assembling Buick, Oldsmobile, and Pontiac models. The first finished cars were produced in May 1936. It was operated by GM's Southern California Division through 1943. Automobile production ended in Feb. 1942. During WWII, it produced the M5 and M5A1 Stuart tanks from July 1942-August 1943 in cooperation with Cadillac Division which held the contract to build the tank. It also provided a proof range for Army Ordnance to test various types of machine gun and cannon shells. Space was also provided for Army Ordnance to modify M4 medium tanks. Also built were gun shields and deck houses for the Navy. When M5A1 production ceased in August 1943, the plant was leased to Douglas Aircraft Co. until the end of the war for aircraft parts production. After the war ended, in 1945, Southgate &amp; Linden were both placed in a new division called the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. South Gate began making Chevrolet full-size cars for 1964. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. South Gate was converted to build H-body small cars like the Vega for 1975 but the plant was switched back to full-size cars for 1977, building Chevy, Oldsmobile, &amp; Buick B-bodies. In 1979, South Gate Assembly became the second plant (the 1st was Linden, NJ in 1971) outside Cadillac's home plant in Detroit to assemble Cadillacs when it began to assemble C-body Cadillacs like the DeVille instead of Oldsmobile &amp; Buick B-bodies. The plant was then idled in March 1980. It was again switched to build small cars for 1982, this time the J-body. Slow sales and efforts to reduce air quality issues resulted in plant closure, with production ending on March 23, 1982. Plant demolished and site used for 3 new schools for L.A. School District and the South Gate Industrial and Business Park at the southern end of the property.&lt;br /&gt; Unibody B-O-P &quot;Y&quot;-body [[w:Buick Special#1961–1963|Buick Special]]/[[w:Buick Skylark#First generation (1961–1963)|Buick Skylark]] (1962-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile F-85#First generation (1961)|Oldsmobile F-85/&lt;br&gt; Cutlass]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Tempest#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac Tempest]]/[[w:Pontiac LeMans#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac LeMans]] (1962-1963) added to B-&amp; C-body mix 1961-63; replaced by [[w:General Motors B platform|Chevrolet B-body]] for 1964; [[w:GM H platform (RWD)|GM H platform (RWD)]]: [[w:Chevrolet Vega|Chevrolet Vega]] (1975), [[w:Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]] (1975-1976), [[w:Pontiac Astre|Pontiac Astre]] (1975), [[w:Pontiac Sunbird#First generation (1976–1980)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1976), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#Second generation (1975–1980)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (H-body) (1976), [[w:Buick Skyhawk#First generation (1975–1980)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1976); [[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971-1973); [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1936-1942, 1954-1958); [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963); [[w:Buick Estate#1970|Buick Estate]] (1970-1973); [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962); [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1974, 1977-1978); [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1947-1949, 1953-1958); [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1936-1958); [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1940-1958); [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970); [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1964-1974); [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1974, 1977-80); [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1964-1974, 1977-1980); [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1970, 1977-1978); [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1941-63); [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965); [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966); [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967); [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-1970, 1972-1973); [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1973); [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1949-1953, 1955-1958); [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-1968); [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-68); [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1960, 1962, 1966); [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961); [[w:Cadillac Deville#Fifth generation (1977–1984)|Cadillac Deville]] (1979-1980).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:St. Catharines Components Plant|St. Catharines Components Plant]]||[[w:St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||Engine components&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions&lt;br /&gt;Transmission components&lt;br /&gt;Starter motors&lt;br /&gt;Alternators&lt;br /&gt; Final drive assemblies&lt;br /&gt; Axles&lt;br /&gt;Steering wheels&lt;br /&gt;Steering gear&lt;br /&gt;Shock absorbers&lt;br /&gt;Brakes&lt;br /&gt;Bearings&lt;br /&gt;Horns&lt;br /&gt;Vehicle Radios&lt;br /&gt;Fractional horsepower motors for appliances||1929||2010||Was located at 285 Ontario Street. Originally McKinnon Dash and Metal Work Ltd., which opened this site in 1900. In 1917, the company was renamed McKinnon Industries, Ltd. Taken over by GM on March 29, 1929. In 1963, fractional horsepower motors for appliances were moved to the GM Diesel plant in London, Ontario. In 1964, vehicle radios, horns, and shocks were moved to the Scarborough plant followed by propshafts in 1966. In 1969, McKinnon Industries Ltd. was integrated into GM Canada rather than being a separate subsidiary. In 1990, the Axle Plant is officially renamed Components Plant. Permanently closed in 2010 as part of GM's restructuring plans. All operations were transferred to [[w:St. Catharines Engine Plant|St. Catharines Engine Plant]]. Some of the Components Plant was demolished in 2016 and the site will be re-developed for mixed-use residential and commercial development. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||St. Catharines Foundry||[[w:St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Casting|Iron casting]] of engine parts||1952||1995|| Was located at 285 Ontario Street. Operated as part of GM subsidiary McKinnon Industries, Ltd. until 1969 when it became &quot;General Motors of Canada Limited, St. Catharines&quot;. Aligned with GM's Central Foundry Division in 1989.  

|- 

|S &lt;br /&gt;(1952 [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]] and 1953-1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3 &lt;br /&gt;(1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:St. Louis Truck Assembly|St. Louis Truck Assembly]]||[[w:St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis, Missouri]]||United States ||[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|Chevrolet R/V]] (1987 only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|GMC R/V]] (1987 only)||1920&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.autonews.com/article/20111031/CHEVY100/310319998/built-across-the-nation|author=James B. Treece|title=Built across the nation|publisher=Autonews.com|date=October 31, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;||1987||Located at 3809 N. Union Blvd. Chevrolet had previously licensed [[w:Gardner (automobile)|Gardner Buggy Co.]] to assemble its cars in St. Louis in 1915. That was replaced by Chevrolet's own St. Louis plant on Union Blvd. Built 149,135 [[w:GMC CCKW 2½-ton 6×6 truck|GMC CCKW 6x6 trucks]] &amp; 6,748 [[w:DUKW|DUKW]] amphibious vehicles during WWII. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. St. Louis Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971. Operated 3 assembly lines: car line, truck line, and the Corvette line. 695,214 Corvettes were built from 1954-1981 in the old Fisher Body Mill Building that had been used to assemble wooden bodies in earlier years and was converted to Corvette production. First 1954 Corvette was built in St. Louis on December 28, 1953. Last Corvette built in St. Louis was built July 31, 1981. Chevy Caprice &amp; Impala production ended on August 1,  1980 and the main car line closed down. Was a Truck and Bus Group plant from 1982, only making full-size pickups. Closed August 7, 1987. The second-to-last vehicle produced was a GMC R1500 regular cab, long bed pickup while the last vehicle produced was a Chevy pickup. The old Fisher Body Mill Building where Corvettes were built was demolished in 1992. Some of the main assembly facility was demolished and the remainder was renovated to become the Union Seventy Center. The remainder of the site, roughly 118 acres, was demolished and replaced with trees, grass, a pond, &amp; new access roads. Property is now the Union Seventy Center, an industrial warehouse and distribution campus used by several different tenants. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]], [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]], [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]], &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1970), [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1969–1972|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1969-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair Forward Control]] (1961-1965), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1980), [[w:Chevrolet Corvette|Chevrolet Corvette]] (1954-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1980), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1956, 1959, 1963-1967), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1969–1972|GMC Jimmy]] (1970-1972), [[w:GMC New Design|GMC New Design]] (1953-1954), [[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1947-1955, 1967-1972)

|- 

|2||[[w:Sainte-Thérèse Assembly|Ste. Thérèse Assembly]]||[[w:Boisbriand, Quebec|Boisbriand, Quebec]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Chevrolet Camaro (fourth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (1993-2002)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firebird#Fourth generation (1993–2002)|Pontiac Firebird]] (1993-2002)||1966||2002||Located at 2500 Boulevard De la Grande-Allée. &lt;br /&gt;Past models:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1987-90)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1988-1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Fifth-generation (intermediate) 1978–1988|Oldsmobile Cutlass/Cutlass Supreme]] (1978-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile Cutlass 442]] (1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Seventh generation (1982–1986)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1983-86)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Fifth generation (1978–1987)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1978-1981, 1983-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#1986|Pontiac Grand Prix 2+2]] (1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Vega|Chevrolet Vega]] (1973-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Astre|Pontiac Astre]] (1973-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]] (1975-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#First generation (1976–1980)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#Second generation (1975–1980)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1975-77)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skyhawk#First generation (1975–1980)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1975-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1967-70)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1970-1972)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1971).  

Plant demolished and site re-developed as a commercial and residential site known as Faubourg Boisbriand and the Centre for Sports Excellence. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Strasbourg Transmission||[[w:Strasbourg|Strasbourg]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L45/6L50]] 6-speed RWD automatic transmissions||1968||2013||Past products: [[w:GM 5L40-E transmission|5L40]], [[w:GM 4L30-E transmission|4L30]], [[w:Turbo-Hydramatic 180|TH180/3L30]] RWD automatic transmissions 

Also supplied 4-, 5-, &amp; 6-speed RWD auto. transmissions to [[w:BMW|BMW]].&lt;br /&gt; Also supplied 3-speed RWD auto. transmissions to Fiat, Peugeot ([[w:Peugeot 604|604]]), &amp; Rover ([[w:Rover SD1|SD1]]). 

Sold to Punch Metals International in 2013, which renamed the unit as Punch Powerglide Strasbourg.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2012/12/general-motors-sells-strasbourg-plant-to-punch-metals-international/|title = General Motors Sells Strasbourg Plant to Punch Metals International|author=Alex Luft|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = 22 December 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2014, Punch Powerglide Strasbourg began producing [[w:ZF 8HP transmission|8HP 8-speed automatic transmissions]] for [[w:ZF Friedrichshafen|ZF Friedrichshafen]] in addition to the GM 6L50 6-speed automatic transmission. In 2023, Punch Powerglide Strasbourg was renamed Dumarey Powerglide Strasbourg.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors Suisse AG||[[w:Biel|Biel]]||[[w:Switzerland|Switzerland]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] 1936-1941, 1946-1968&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What's Wrong With This Picture? And What's Very Right With the Other Ones? They Do Things a Bit Differently In Switzerland|date=15 August 2020 |at=see 20th comment down from 8-15-20 5:59 pm|url=https://www.curbsideclassic.com/blog/qotd/whats-wrong-with-this-picture-and-whats-very-right-with-the-other-ones-they-do-things-a-bit-differently-in-switzerland/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] 1937-1939, 1946-1959 (None produced in 1955-1956)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] 1936-1940, 1947-1958&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]] 1936-1940, 1946-1958&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] 1936 &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]] 1938-1940&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]] 1936-1941, 1950-1975&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] 1936-1940, 1946-1971&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Ranger (automobile)#Europe|Ranger]] 1970-1975  ||1936||1975|| First car off the line was a [[w:Buick Series 40|Buick Model 41]] on February 5, 1936. Other prewar cars built include the [[w:Buick Series 90|Buick Series 90]] &amp; [[w:Opel P4|Opel P4]]. GM rented the factory from the city council until they bought it on Feb. 20, 1947. Closed August 14, 1975. Last car was an [[w:Opel Rekord D|Opel Rekord D]]. A total of 329,864 cars were assembled. Regular as well as customized vehicles in small series were made like drawing vehicles for the [[w:Swiss Armed Forces|Swiss Armed Forces]]: An open 6-seater [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] Platform combined with an Opel 2.5L I-6 cylinder; after World War II those &quot;Swiss&quot; cars were also offered to the public as limousines. As well, GM produced luxury upgraded vehicles for the European market like the [[w:Opel Kapitän|Opel Kapitän]], [[w:Opel Rekord P1#Swiss assembly|Rekord]] &quot;Ascona Edition&quot;, and the Kadett-based [[w:Opel Kadett B#Opel Ascona (modified Kadett B assembled in Biel, Switzerland)|Opel Ascona 1700]] up to the early 1970s. The [[w:Ranger (automobile)#Europe|Ranger]] was invented by using [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] structures on an [[w:Opel Rekord C|Opel Rekord C]] body. Also built the first generation [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova]], &amp; the [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa). Also built the [[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]] and the special Victor Riviera as well as the [[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]] and [[w:Vauxhall Viscount|Vauxhall Viscount]]. Afterwards the plant was used as GM's European central spare parts warehouse until 1992. Most buildings still exist, they now house a [[w:Coop (Switzerland)|Coop]] mall. &amp;nbsp;  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||SynergyCells||[[w:New Carlisle, Indiana|New Carlisle, Indiana]]||United States||Was supposed to make NCA (Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide) type lithium-ion battery cells for EV's||Was scheduled to open in 2027|| || Originally owned and constructed by SynergyCells, a 49.99/50.01 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:Samsung SDI|Samsung SDI]] established in 2024. GM sold its stake in the plant to partner Samsung SDI in 2026 before the plant opened. Located at 56115 Larrison Road (also referred to as 31949 SR 2)

|- 

|T||[[w:General Motors India|Talegaon]]||[[w:Talegaon|Talegaon]], [[w:Pune district|Pune district]], [[w:Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark|Chevrolet Spark]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Beat|Chevrolet Beat]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Sail U-VA]] (hatchback)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail|Chevrolet Sail]]||2008||2020||Part of [[w:General Motors India|GM India]]. Production began in September 2008. Closed December 24, 2020. [[w:Hyundai Motor India|Hyundai Motor India]] signed a deal to buy the Talegaon plant from GM in August 2023 and completed the deal to buy the plant in January 2024. After extensive renovations and upgrades, Hyundai reopened the plant in October 2026. The Hyundai plant now includes an engine plant in addition to the vehicle assembly plant. 

|- 

|T (1953-1996)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2 (1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:North Tarrytown Assembly|North Tarrytown Assembly]]||[[w:Sleepy Hollow, New York|North Tarrytown, New York]]||United States||Past models:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 490|Chevrolet 490]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K (Gen.1)]] (1960-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|Chevrolet C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1950, 1952, 1963-1964, 1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]] (1975-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1980-1985)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Ventura#1971–1977|Pontiac Ventura]] (1975-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Phoenix#First generation (1977–1979)|Pontiac Phoenix (rwd X-body)]] (1978-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Phoenix#Second generation (1980–1984)|Pontiac Phoenix (fwd X-body)]] (1980-1984)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1985-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Buick Skylark (rwd X-body)]] (1976-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark#Fifth generation (1980–1985)|Buick Skylark (fwd X-body)]] (1980-1983)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1985-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lumina APV|Chevrolet Lumina APV]] (1990-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lumina Minivan|Chevrolet Lumina Minivan]] (1994-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Trans Sport#First generation (1990-1996)|Pontiac Trans Sport]] (1990-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Silhouette#First generation (1990–1996)|Oldsmobile Silhouette]] (1990-1996) ||1918 (as part of GM)||1996|| Located at 199 Beekman Avenue. Originally built by [[w:Mobile Company of America|Mobile Company of America]]. In 1904, plant was sold to Maxwell-Briscoe, which later became [[w:Maxwell Motor Company|Maxwell Motor Company]]. Chevrolet bought the complex in 1914, before Chevrolet was part of GM. The first Chevrolet produced in Tarrytown was the [[w:Chevrolet 490|Chevrolet 490]]. The plant became part of GM when Chevrolet became part of GM in 1918. The Fisher Body side of the plant became part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division during World War II and assembled the wings, center section, trailing edges, motor mount, cabin, windshield, &amp; upholstery for Avenger bombers &amp; Wildcat fighters. Built the 50 millionth Chevrolet, a white 1963 Impala SS on June 10, 1963. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Tarrytown Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Passenger car production ended on Feb. 3, 1989. Plant joined Truck and Bus Group for 1990 when it was converted to build GM's new trio of fwd minivans. Plant closed in June 1996. Minivan production moved to [[w:Doraville Assembly|Doraville Assembly]] for 1997. North Tarrytown changed its name to Sleepy Hollow in December 1996. Plant was demolished. Site being redeveloped as Edge-on-Hudson, a mixed use residential/retail/office/park space.  

|-

|H||[[w:General Motors Thailand|General Motors Thailand]] Ltd.||Pluak Daeng, [[w:Rayong province|Rayong province]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Chevrolet Colorado|Chevrolet/Holden Colorado]] (RC/RG) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#RG|Chevrolet/Holden Trailblazer &amp; Holden Colorado 7]] (RG)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Chevrolet Optra]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Daewoo Kalos|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Daewoo Winstorm|Chevrolet/Holden Captiva]]||2000||2020||Past Models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999)|Opel/Vauxhall/Chevrolet Zafira]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999)|Holden Zafira (TT)]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Subaru Traviq|Subaru Traviq]], [[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Isuzu D-Max]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:Alfa Romeo 156|Alfa Romeo 156]] [https://www.just-auto.com/news/thailand-gm-to-make-alfa-156-in-thailand/]&lt;br /&gt; Sold to [[w:Great Wall Motors|Great Wall Motors]] in 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/09/sale-of-gm-rayong-plant-to-great-wall-motors-confirmed/|title=Sale of GM Rayong Plant to Great Wall Motors Confirmed|author=Sam McEachern|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date=30 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors Thailand|General Motors Powertrain (Thailand) Ltd.]]||Pluak Daeng, [[w:Rayong province|Rayong province]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||2.5L ([[w:List of VM Motori engines#R 425 DOHC|R 425 DOHC]]) &amp; 2.8L ([[w:List of VM Motori engines#R 428 DOHC|R 428 DOHC]] &amp; [[w:List of VM Motori engines#A 428 DOHC|A 428 DOHC]]) turbodiesel I4 engines||2011||2020|| Sold to [[w:Great Wall Motors|Great Wall Motors]] in 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/09/sale-of-gm-rayong-plant-to-great-wall-motors-confirmed/|title=Sale of GM Rayong Plant to Great Wall Motors Confirmed|author=Sam McEachern|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date=30 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||Three Rivers||[[w:Three Rivers, Michigan|Three Rivers]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Rwd Automatic transmissions, propshafts||1979||1994||Located at 1 Manufacturing Way (formerly 1 Hydramatic Drive) off W. Hoffman St. GM bought the closed plant from Continental Can Co. Part of GM St. Joseph County Operations &amp; GM Hydramatic Division. The Hydramatic Division merged with the GM Engine Division to form GM Powertrain in 1991-1992. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Inc.]] in 1994. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toledo Transmission|Toledo Transmission]]||[[w:Toledo, Ohio|Toledo, Ohio]]||United States||Transmissions, Gears||1916||1957||Located at 900 W. Central Ave. Acquired from Warner Gear Co. by Chevrolet in 1916 before Chevrolet was part of GM. The plant became part of GM when Chevrolet became part of GM in 1918. During WWII, produced truck transfer cases and transmissions for four- and six-wheel-drive military trucks. Replaced by the current Toledo Transmission plant on Alexis Road in 1956. A brick smokestack that says &quot;CHEVROLET&quot; on it is a remnant of this plant and can still be seen today at the intersection of Maplewood Ave. and Arcadia Ave. It is similar to the more famous smokestack that says &quot;OVERLAND&quot;, a remnant of the old Willys-Overland Jeep plant, which is only a short distance away from the Chevrolet smokestack. 

|- 

|M||Toluca Assembly||[[w:Toluca|Toluca]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]]||1995&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Thomas H. Klier, James Rubenstein|title=Mexico’s Growing Role in the Auto Industry Under NAFTA: Who Makes What and What Goes Where|url=https://www.chicagofed.org/publications/economic-perspectives/2017/6.|publisher=Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Economic Perspectives, Vol. 41, No. 6|at=see table 11 and footnotes right under table 11|date=September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;||2008||[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|Chevrolet/GMC C3500HD]] (US: 2001-2002), [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|Chevrolet Silverado]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tonawanda Forge||[[w:Tonawanda (town), New York|Tonawanda]], [[w:New York (state)|New York]]||United States||Forged metal components||c.1950||1994||Located at 2390-2392 Kenmore Ave. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Inc.]] in 1994. Closed in 2008, subsequently demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tonawanda Foundry||[[w:Tonawanda (town), New York|Tonawanda]], [[w:New York (state)|New York]]||United States||[[w:Casting|Iron castings]] of engine parts, brake drums. ||1954||1984||Was located on River Road. Was a Chevrolet Foundry. Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. &amp;nbsp; 

|- 

|Z||General Motors Turkiye Ltd.||[[w:Torbali|Torbali]], [[w:Izmir Province|Izmir Province]]||[[w:Turkey|Turkey]]||[[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]] A &amp; B||1990||2000||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Converted into a spare parts warehouse. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ultium#Production|Ultium Cells LLC - Lansing]]||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||Was supposed to make Ultium lithium-ion battery cells for EV's||Was scheduled to open in late 2024 or in 2025|| || Originally owned and constructed by Ultium Cells LLC, a 50/50 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:LG Energy Solution|LG Energy Solution]]. This was supposed to be Ultium Cells' third plant but GM sold its stake in the plant to partner LG Energy Solution in 2025 before the plant opened. Located at 7111 Davis Hwy. It is adjacent to GM's Lansing Delta Township Assembly plant.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors Uruguaya SA||[[w:Sayago|Sayago]], [[w:Montevideo|Montevideo]]||[[w:Uruguay|Uruguay]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]]||1962||1986||  

|- 

|L (1953-1992)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;20 (1947-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Van Nuys Assembly|Van Nuys Assembly]]||[[w:Van Nuys, California|Van Nuys, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro]] (1967-1971, 1978-1992)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firebird|Pontiac Firebird]] (1968-1971, 1978-1992) ||1947||1992||Located at 8000 Van Nuys Blvd. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Van Nuys Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Demolished in 1993. Redeveloped into &quot;The Plant&quot;, a retail and industrial complex that also includes LAPD and LAFD stations.&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Buick Apollo|Buick Apollo]] (1973-1975), [[w:Buick Skylark#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Buick Skylark]] (1975-1977), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1948-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1969), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964, 1970-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1963, 1965-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960, 1964, 1970-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]] (1972-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952, 1955, 1959), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1971-1972), [[w:Oldsmobile Omega|Oldsmobile Omega]] (1973-1977), [[w:Pontiac GTO#Fourth generation|Pontiac GTO]] (1974), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1971–1977 X-body compact|Pontiac Ventura]] (1972-1976)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Vauxhall - Bedford Die Plant||[[w:Bedford|Bedford]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Tools &amp; Die Manufacturing||1969||1980's||Opened May 1969. Supplemented die-making at the Luton plant. 

|-

|8 (since 1993)&lt;br /&gt;E (before 1993)||[[w:Vauxhall Ellesmere Port|Vauxhall Ellesmere Port]]||[[w:Ellesmere Port|Ellesmere Port]], [[w:Cheshire|Cheshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Opel Astra#K|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] K (5-door, Sports Tourer)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#J|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] J (5-door, Sports Tourer)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#H|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] H&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] G&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] F&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett E|Opel Kadett E]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra#Second generation (1984–1991)|Vauxhall Astra Mk II]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Belmont|Vauxhall Belmont]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Kadett Combo (Combo A; 1986)|Opel Kadett Combo/Bedford Astravan &amp; Astramax]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Astra#First generation (1980–1984)|Vauxhall Astra Mk I]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Chevette|Vauxhall Chevette]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Chevanne|Bedford Chevanne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Firenza|Vauxhall Firenza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Magnum|Vauxhall Magnum]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra C (2002–2010)|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Third generation (TR; 1995)|Holden Astra (TR)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Seventh generation (BK, BL; 2016)|Holden Astra (BK)]] (wagon)&lt;br /&gt;Vauxhall Viva OHV Inline-4&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors 54° V6 engine|General Motors 54° V6 engine]]||1962||2017|| [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall plant]]. &lt;br /&gt;Also made engines, transmissions, axles, &amp; other components. Component production began in November 1962. Vehicle production began with the Viva on June 1, 1964. Engine production ended in 2004. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. Absorbing production of electric midsize vans from Luton van plant following Luton's closure on March 28, 2025.

|- 

|7 (since 1993)&lt;br /&gt;V (before 1993)||Vauxhall Luton (car plant)||[[w:Luton|Luton]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Vauxhall Carlton|Vauxhall Carlton]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cavalier|Vauxhall Cavalier]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Ventora|Vauxhall Ventora]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viscount|Vauxhall Viscount]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX4/90|Vauxhall VX4/90]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX Series|Vauxhall VX Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Wyvern|Vauxhall Wyvern]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Envoy (automobile)#Vauxhall Victor based models|Envoy F/FB/FC/FD]]&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet Bedford AC/LQ&lt;br /&gt;Bedford WHG/WLG/WS/VYC/AS/WT/BYC/K/[[w:Bedford M series|MS/ML]]/OS/OL/[[w:Bedford OB|OB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford S type|Bedford S series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford SB|Bedford SB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TA|Bedford TA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HC|Bedford HC/JC/PC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford CA|Bedford CA/Envoy EA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford CF|Bedford CF/CF1/Opel Bedford Blitz]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA|Bedford HA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Slant-4 engine|Vauxhall Slant-4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Vauxhall OHV Inline-6&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Churchill tank|Churchill tank]] ||1905 (operations began)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1925 (part of GM)||2002|| Vauxhall moved from London to Luton in 1905. GM bought Vauxhall in 1925. Chevrolet truck production was moved to Luton in 1930 from the Hendon plant and became known as Chevrolet Bedford. Chevrolet Bedford trucks were replaced by Vauxhall-developed Bedford trucks during 1931 though Chevrolet Bedford production continued through 1932. Bedford trucks and buses were built at Luton until production was moved to Dunstable in 1955. Subsequently, only Bedford vans and car-based light commercial vehicles were still made in Luton. Produced Churchill tanks during World War II. Production ended in 2002 with the [[w:Vauxhall Vectra|Vauxhall Vectra]]. Over 7.4 million vehicles had been produced. The Luton passenger car plant was next to the at the time still active van plant previously used by the IBC Vehicles joint venture. The plant has now been demolished and the site is now being redeveloped for housing.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.lutontoday.co.uk/news/politics/redevelopment-of-former-vauxhall-site-given-the-go-ahead-1-5795094|work=Luton Today|title=Redevelopment of former Vauxhall site given the go-ahead|date=8 Jan 2014|access-date=29 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is being redeveloped into a new Luton suburb called [[w:Napier Park|Napier Park]]. The van plant was closed in 2025 by Stellantis. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM de Venezuela&lt;br /&gt;Caracas||[[w:Antimano|Antimano]], [[w:Caracas|Caracas]]||[[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]]||[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Thriftmaster/Loadmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]] ||1948||1983||Plant closed in 1983 &amp; GM moved to the newer Valencia plant that it bought from Chrysler in 1979.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Venezolana&lt;br /&gt;Mariara||[[w:Mariara|Mariara]], [[w:Carabobo|Carabobo]]||[[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|Chevrolet C3500]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet F-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Giga|Chevrolet E-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;||2008||2015||Plant closed in 2015 &amp; N-Series moved to Valencia plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Venezolana&lt;br /&gt;Valencia||[[w:Valencia, Carabobo|Valencia]], [[w:Carabobo|Carabobo]]||[[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]]||[[w:Chevrolet Astra|Chevrolet Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Chevrolet Century]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Latin America|Chevrolet Chevette]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|Chevrolet Grand Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona#Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Chevrolet Optra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2011)|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spark|Chevrolet Spark]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe|Chevrolet Tahoe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet TrailBlazer#First generation (KC; 2001)|Chevrolet TrailBlazer]] ||1979||2017||Originally built by Chrysler de Venezuela SA. GM bought the plant from Chrysler in 1979 and moved their entire operations there from the Caracas plant by 1983. &lt;br /&gt; 

There had already been production pauses because of part shortages between 2014 and 2016. On May 2, 2017 GM announced the total closure of the plant and deconsolidation of the Venezuelan unit from its accounts due to the illegal seizure of its factory by the Venezuelan government. The plant halted all of its operations of manufacturing vehicles and now only retains the GM brands representation.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.semana.com/internacional/articulo/general-motors-cierra-operaciones-en-venezuela/244829|title=General Motors concreta el cierre de sus operaciones en Venezuela|website=Semana.com|date=May 2, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/internacional/2017/04/20/actualidad/1492679446_631610.html|title=General Motors suspende operaciones en Venezuela tras el embargo de una planta|newspaper=El País|date=April 20, 2017|via=elpais.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/generalmotors-cierre-operaciones-venezuela-negocios.html|title=General Motors inicia cierre de operaciones en Venezuela|website=El Comercio|date=May 2, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Vietnam|GM Vietnam]]||[[w:Hanoi, Vietnam|Hanoi]]||[[w:Vietnam|Vietnam]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Second generation (M200, M250; 2005)|Chevrolet Spark Lite]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Chevrolet Spark]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2011)|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Vivant|Chevrolet Vivant]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Cielo|Daewoo Cielo]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Daewoo Lacetti]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lanos|Daewoo Lanos]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Leganza|Daewoo Leganza]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Magnus|Daewoo Magnus]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Matiz|Daewoo Matiz]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Nubira|Daewoo Nubira]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Damas|Daewoo Damas]]||1995||2018||Originally established as VIDAMCO (a joint venture with a state owned co.) in 1993 by Daewoo Motor Co. Daewoo bought out its Vietnamese partner in April 2000, making VIDAMCO 100% owned by Daewoo Motor Co. Bought by GM in 2002 as part of the creation of [[w:GM Daewoo|GM Daewoo Auto &amp; Technology Co.]] In July 2011, the name of the company was changed from VIDAMCO to GM Vietnam. Sold to [[w:VinFast|VinFast]] in 2018. [[w:VinFast Fadil|VinFast Fadil]] produced under license from GM; is a rebadged [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Fourth generation (M400; 2015)|Chevrolet Spark (M400)]]/[[w:Opel Karl|Opel Karl]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Warren Transmission|Warren Transmission]]||[[w:Warren, Michigan|Warren, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission|6T70, 6T75, 6T80]] ||1958||2020||Located at 23500 Mound Road. Past transmissions: [[w:GM 4T60-E transmission|4T65-E]], [[w:List of GM transmissions#Hybrid and PHEV|5ET50 EVT]] 

Plant originally built in 1941 as a US Navy Ordnance facility operated by the Hudson Motor Car Co. building 20mm Oerlikon anti-aircraft guns. In 1943, the Navy moved the contract from Hudson to Westinghouse, which now operated the Warren plant for the Navy. Ford bought the plant in 1946 and used it to produce axles and ball joints. GM bought the plant in 1958.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2022/01/old-gm-warren-transmission-plant-set-to-be-demolished/|title = Old GM Warren Transmission Plant Set To Be Demolished|author=Sam McEachern|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date=January 25, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; The plant became a Chevrolet facility making auto parts. It also made artillery shells in the 1960's and 1970's. The factory was transferred to the Hydramatic Division in 1980, later becoming part of GM Powertrain. [https://nadc1.com/?portfolio=gm-paint-shop-strip-out] Ended production on August 1, 2019. Reopened for production of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic beginning in March 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2020/06/08/gm-warren-transmission-plant-coronavirus/3135789001/|title = GM revived Warren plant for face mask production. What happens when demand slows?|author=Jamie LaReau|publisher=Detroit Free Press|date=June 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;. First face mask produced March 27, 2020. Sold to a developer in 2021.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Welch Motor Car Company|Welch]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Welch automobiles||1909||1911||Welch Motor Car Company became affiliated with GM in 1909 and GM officially took it over in 1910. Welch ended production in 1911. Welch was noted for having engines with a single overhead cam and hemispherical combustion chambers, unusual technology for its time.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Welch Motor Car Company|Welch-Detroit]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Welch-Detroit automobiles||1910||1911||The Welch Company of Detroit was a separate company from the Welch Motor Car Company of Pontiac, Michigan and was set up in June 1909 to build a smaller, cheaper car than the Welch made in Pontiac, Michigan. Both Welch companies became affiliated with GM in 1909 and GM officially took over both companies in 1910. Both Welch and Welch-Detroit ended production in 1911. Equipment from the factory was moved to the also GM-owned, former Rainier Motor Car Company factory in Saginaw to make the 1912 Marquette, which was said to be a combination of the previous Rainier and Welch-Detroit brands.

|-

|W||[[w:Willow Run Assembly|Willow Run Assembly]]||[[w:Ypsilanti Township, Michigan|Ypsilanti Twp, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Fourth generation (1991–1996)|Chevrolet Caprice]] sedan &amp; wagon (1991-1993) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#Third generation (1991–1992)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] wagon (1991-1992)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Roadmaster#1991–1996|Buick Roadmaster Estate wagon]] (1991-1993)||1956||1993||Located at 2625 Tyler Road, to the south of the former Willow Run Transmission plant. Initially opened in 1956 to exclusively build Chevrolet trucks in a 500,000 sq. ft. building that had been used as a warehouse by GM and was previously used by Kaiser-Frazer's engineering dept. [https://aadl.org/aa_news_19561208-chevrolet_willow_run_truck_plant_gains_momentum] In 1958-59, plant was expanded into a 2-part Chevrolet &amp; Fisher Body passenger car assembly plant to make the Chevrolet Corvair. First completed 1960 Corvair rolls off the line on July 7, 1959 [https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=792700342891740&amp;set=a.453129043515540]. Added the Chevy II (Nova) for 1962. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Willow Run Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971. Idled in Nov. 1978. Converted in 1978-79 to build the fwd X-body compacts for 1980. Began building fwd X-cars on January 17, 1979. In 1984, joined the new BOC group in preparation for its conversion to build the new fwd H-body full-size cars for 1986. Final H-car built on May 19, 1989 and in September, moved to the CPC group. Converted to build the body-on-frame, rwd B-body for 1991. Chevy Caprice sedan production began in January 1990 followed by station wagons in July. Closed July 1993. B-body production consolidated in Arlington, TX. Assembly plant was 2.5 million sq. ft. when it closed. The Willow Run Assembly Plant is now the Willow Run Business Center, a multi-tenant warehouse and distribution facility, part of which is leased by GM to distribute automotive service parts, which is known as Ypsilanti #87 Processing Center, part of GM Customer Care and Aftersales.  The nearby Willow Run Company Vehicle Operations site at 2901 Tyler Road was sold to International Turbine Industries in April 2013.&lt;ref name=WR-Assembly-sold&gt;{{cite news|author=Katrease Stafford|title=GM Willow Run plant redevelopment: Aircraft maintenance firm buys 1 building|url=https://www.annarbor.com/news/ypsilanti/gm-willow-run-plant-redevelopment-aircraft-maintenance-firm-purchases-facility-25-new-jobs-expected/|access-date=24 April 2013|newspaper=AnnArbor.com|date=April 2, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1957-1958), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Fourth generation (1955)|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1958), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-79), [[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (Canada only: 1968-71), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1971–1977 X-body compact|Pontiac &lt;br&gt; Ventura]] (1971-1977), [[w:Pontiac GTO#Fourth generation|Pontiac GTO]] (1974), [[w:Pontiac Phoenix#First generation (1977–1979)|Pontiac Phoenix (rwd &lt;br&gt; X-body)]] (1977-1979), [[w:Oldsmobile Omega|Oldsmobile Omega (rwd X-body)]] (1973-1979), [[w:Buick Skylark#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Buick Skylark (rwd &lt;br&gt; X-body)]] (1977-1978), [[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1980-1981, 1984-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile Omega#Third generation (1980–1984)|Oldsmobile Omega (fwd X-body)]] (1980-1984), [[w:Buick Skylark#Fifth generation (1980–1985)|Buick Skylark (fwd &lt;br&gt; X-body)]] (1980-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Ninth generation (1986–1991)|Oldsmobile 88]] (1986-89), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Eighth generation (1987–1991)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1987-1989).

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Willow Run Transmission|Willow Run Transmission]]||[[w:Ypsilanti, Michigan|Ypsilanti, Michigan]]||United States|| [[w:Hydramatic|Hydramatic]] automatic transmissions &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM 4L80-E transmission|4L80-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4L80-E transmission|4L85-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4T60-E transmission|4T60-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4T60-E transmission|4T65-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4T80-E transmission|4T80-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L50-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6L80 transmission|6L80-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6L90 transmission|6L90-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;||1953||2010||Began as the Ford [[w:B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] bomber plant in World War II which opened in 1941, grew from 3.5 million square feet to nearly 5 million square feet under GM. Ford built the factory and sold it to the US government, which leased it back to Ford for the duration of WWII. Ford Motor had first option on the plant after war production ended, an option it ultimately chose not to exercise. The factory was instead leased and then sold to [[w:Kaiser-Frazer|Kaiser-Frazer]] and was their main production site from 1946-1953, when they moved production to Toledo, OH following Kaiser-Frazer's acquisition of Toledo-based [[w:Willys-Overland|Willys-Overland]]. In addition to automobiles, [[w:Kaiser-Frazer|Kaiser-Frazer]] also built [[w:C-119 Flying Boxcar|C-119 Flying Boxcar]] cargo planes at Willow Run under license from [[w:Fairchild Aircraft|Fairchild Aircraft]], producing an estimated 88 C-119s between 1951 and 1953. In 1953, GM first leased then bought the plant to replace the Detroit Transmission Division factory in Livonia, Michigan that had burned down earlier in 1953. Whatever equipment could be salvaged was brought from the destroyed Detroit Transmission Division plant in Livonia to Willow Run in 1953. Also supplied Hydramatics to Lincoln, Nash, Hudson, Rambler, Kaiser, and Willys. It was also initially supplied to Rolls-Royce before Rolls-Royce set up their own Hydramatic production line in the UK building Hydramatics under license from GM. Rolls-Royce also supplied Armstrong-Siddeley and [[w: British Motor Corporation|BMC]], which in turn supplied other British automakers like Jensen that used BMC’s biggest engines. The Detroit Transmission Division became the Hydramatic Division in October 1963. The Hydramatic Division merged with the GM Engine Division to form GM Powertrain in 1991-1992. Over the years, GM expanded the plant to almost 5 million sq. ft. In addition to automatic transmissions, GM also produced the M16A1 rifle and the M39A1 20mm autocannon for the US military during the Vietnam War at Willow Run Transmission. GM Powertrain also had an on-site engineering center. The plant closed in December 2010. A small portion of the plant was saved by the [[w:Yankee Air Museum|Yankee Air Museum]] to be turned into the National Museum of Aviation and Technology at Historic Willow Run but more than 95% of the plant was demolished from 2013-2014. The rest of the site has been redeveloped into the [[w:American Center for Mobility|American Center for Mobility]], an autonomous- and connected-driving testing center which opened in December 2017.  

|-

|Y (1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-2010) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; W &lt;br /&gt; (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] &amp; [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 5 (Pre-1965 [[w:Buick|Buick]]) || [[w:Wilmington Assembly|Wilmington Assembly]] || [[w:Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington, Delaware]]||United States||[[w:Pontiac Solstice|Pontiac Solstice]] (2006-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saturn Sky|Saturn Sky]] (2007-2010) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel GT#GT (roadster) (2007–2010)|Opel GT]] (Europe: 2007-2010) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo G2X#Daewoo G2X|Daewoo G2X]] (S. Korea: 2007-2009) ||1947||2009||Located at 801 Boxwood Road. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. Wilmington began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1964. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Converted to make the Chevette small car for 1976. Switched back to making B-body full-size cars for 1985. Converted to make the fwd Chevy Corsica &amp; Beretta for 1987. Then built Corsica's replacement, Malibu, for 1997. Converted to build Saturn's 2nd model range, the Opel Vectra-based, plastic body paneled Saturn L-Series for 2000. Converted to build the rwd, Kappa platform small sports cars for 2006 beginning with the Pontiac Solstice. Final car produced was a Solstice roadster on July 28, 2009. The plant was sold to [[w:Fisker Automotive|Fisker Automotive]] in 2010, which had planned to build its [[w:Fisker Atlantic|2nd model line]] there. However, Fisker Automotive went bankrupt in Nov. 2013 before ever building any cars in Wilmington. Fisker Automotive's assets, including the Wilmington plant, were purchased out of bankruptcy by Wanxiang Group in February 2014. Wanxiang did not use the plant and sold it in 2017. Plant was demolished in 2019. A large part of the site is now an Amazon fulfillment center.&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Corsica|Chevrolet Corsica]] (1987-1996), [[w:Chevrolet Beretta|Chevrolet Beretta]] (1987-1996), [[w:Pontiac Tempest#Fourth generation (1987–1991)|Pontiac Tempest (Canada only)]] (1988-91), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1997-1999), [[w:Saturn L-Series|Saturn L-Series]] (2000-2005), [[w:Chevrolet Chevette|Chevrolet Chevette]] (1976-1984), [[w:Pontiac 1000|Pontiac 1000]] (1981-1984), [[w:Pontiac Acadian|Pontiac Acadian]] (Canada only: 1976-1984), [[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971-1973), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1962, 1971-1974), [[w:Buick Estate#1971-1976|Buick Estate]] (1972-1973, 1975), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1968-1969), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1975), [[w:Buick Limited#1958 Limited|Buick Limited]] (1958), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1948-1950, 1955-1957), [[w:Buick Skylark#Third generation (1968–1972)|Buick Skylark]] (1968-1969), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1950, 1953-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1964), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1964-1968), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1975, 1985-1986), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1964-1975, 1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1963, 1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1948-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1963), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-1963), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1960, 1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1950-1951, 1954-1957), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#First generation (1962–1964)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1960), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961) 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Windsor Transmission|Windsor Transmission]]||[[w:Windsor, Ontario|Windsor, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:GM 4T40 transmission|4T40E/4T45E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;Transmission components||1920||2010||Plant was originally in [[w:Walkerville, Ontario|Walkerville]] until Walkerville was annexed by Windsor in 1935. Was located at 1550 Kildare Road. Walker Road is at the back of the property. Previous: 1920 - 1928 axles and parts, 1928 - 1963 engines (including the [[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine|Chevrolet Stovebolt OHV inline-6 engine]] and Buick engines from 1935-1942). The Windsor plant was taken over by McKinnon Industries Ltd., a GM subsidiary based in St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada in 1963. As a result, engine production in Windsor was moved to St. Catharines and transmission production in St. Catharines was moved to Windsor. At this point, the Windsor plant was renamed the Windsor Transmission Plant. In 1969, McKinnon Industries Ltd. was integrated into GM Canada rather than being a separate subsidiary. Windsor Transmission was closed on July 28, 2010. The 4-spd. automatics made in Windsor were discontinued and replaced by 6-spd. automatics made in St. Catharines. Sold in 2014 and completely demolished by 2017. Site now occupied by MotiPark Ltd. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Windsor Trim||[[w:Windsor, Ontario|Windsor, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||Seat assemblies and door trim panels||1965||1996|| Located at 1600 Lauzon Rd. Sold to Peregrine, Inc. in 1996 and then sold to [[w:Lear Corp.|Lear Corp.]] in 1999. Closed by Lear in 2005. Demolished in 2009. Part of the property is now the [[w:WFCU Centre|WFCU Centre]] and part will be residential homes. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Wixom Performance Build Center|Wixom Performance Build Center]]||[[w:Wixom, Michigan|Wixom, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GM LS engine|6.2L LS3 V8]] [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C6)#Grand Sport|(C6 Corvette Grand Sport coupe w/manual transmission only)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine|7.0L LS7 V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine|6.2L supercharged LS9 V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Northstar engine series#LC3|4.4L supercharged LC3 Northstar V8]] ||2004||2013&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.torquenews.com/106/gm-closing-wixom-performance-engine-facility-build-your-own-engine-program-ends|title=GM Closing Wixom Performance Engine Facility, Build-Your-Own-Engine Program Ends|author=Patrick Rall|date=September 20, 2013|publisher=Torquenews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;||Located at 30240 Oak Creek Dr.&lt;br&gt; Performance Build Center relocated to &lt;br&gt; Bowling Green Assembly in 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Detroit Assembly#LaSalle Factory/DeSoto Factory|Wyoming Assembly (LaSalle Wyoming Ave. plant)]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] 1927-1933||1926||1934||Located at 6000 Wyoming Avenue. Originally built to produce Liberty aircraft engines in World War I, opening in 1917. In 1919, was taken over by Saxon Motor Co., owned by Hugh Chalmers of Chalmers Motor Co. GM bought the plant in 1926 and built the LaSalle there from 1927. GM sold Wyoming Assembly to Chrysler in 1934, which then used it to build its DeSoto brand. After the DeSoto brand was discontinued in late 1960, became Wyoming Export plant which was used to prepare vehicles for export. Plant closed in 1980. Plant was demolished in 1992.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GMC (marque)#History|Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company]]||[[w:Chicago|Chicago]], [[w:Illinois|Illinois]]||United States||Yellow Cab taxis&lt;br&gt;Yellow Coach buses&lt;br&gt;Yellocab trucks (T-1, T-2, and T-3)||1925||1928||Located on West Dickens Ave. In 1925, General Motors Truck Corp., the parent of the GMC brand, merged with Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company (including its Yellow Coach Mfg. Co. bus-making subsidiary) to form Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company, in which GM owned a majority stake of 57%. Yellocab trucks were discontinued during 1927 and were replaced with new light-duty GMC trucks (T-10 &amp; T-20). During 1928, bus and taxi production was consolidated at the GMC Pontiac Central plant in Pontiac, Michigan. The Chicago plant was closed and sold.
 
|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Yellow Sleeve-Valve Engine Works||[[w:East Moline|East Moline]], [[w:Illinois|Illinois]]||United States||Yellow-Knight engines||1925||1929||Production began in 1923. In 1925, General Motors Truck Corp., the parent of the GMC brand, merged with Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company (including its Yellow Coach Mfg. Co. bus-making subsidiary) to form Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company, in which GM owned a majority stake of 57%. The Northway Motor Division of Detroit was transferred to General Motors Truck Corp. as part of that merger but was liquidated in 1926. During 1929 and 1930, Yellow Sleeve Valve Engine production equipment was transferred from East Moline, Illinois to Pontiac West Plant 1 in Pontiac, Michigan. The East Moline plant was closed at the end of 1929 and was sold.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Yulon GM|Yulon GM]]||[[w:Miaoli|Miaoli]]||[[w:Taiwan|Taiwan]]||[[w:Buick Excelle#Taiwan|Buick Excelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick LaCrosse#China|Buick LaCrosse]]  ||2006||2012||A joint venture owned 49% by GM &amp; 51% by [[w:Yulon|Yulon Motor Co]]. Yulon bought GM's stake in the venture in Dec. 2008. Production continued after the sale through licensing but cooperation between GM &amp; Yulon ended in 2012.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors Zaire||[[w:Kinshasa|Kinshasa]]||[[w:Zaire|Zaire]] (now [[w:Democratic Republic of the Congo|D.R. Congo]])||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford Trucks]]||1975||1987||GM sold the plant in 1987 to local businessmen. Plant was looted bare in 1991.  

|}

== Former partner factories == 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 

!VIN !! Name !! City/State !! Country !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products !! Opened !! Idled !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Comments 

|- 

|H||[[w:AM General#Hummer brand|AM General]] Commercial plant||[[w:Mishawaka, Indiana|Mishawaka, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Hummer H2|Hummer H2]] (2003-2009)||2002||2009||Located at 12900 McKinley Highway. Built under contract for GM by AM General. Plant later built the [[w:Mercedes-Benz R-Class|Mercedes-Benz R-Class]] under contract for Mercedes for export to China from 2015-2017 as well as the [[w:VPG MV-1|VPG MV-1]] under contract for VPG (later Mobility Ventures MV-1; Mobility Ventures being an AM General subsidiary that took over VPG's assets after VPG went bankrupt). MV-1 was made from 2011-2016.

|- 

|E||[[w:AM General#Hummer brand|AM General]] Military plant||[[w:Mishawaka, Indiana|Mishawaka, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Hummer H1|Hummer H1]] (2000-2006)||1992 (civilian production)||2006 (civilian production)||Located at 13200 McKinley Highway. This plant built the military [[w:Humvee|Humvee]] from fall 1984 and civilian Hummers from 1992. In Dec. 1999, GM bought the rights to the Hummer brand from AM General. AM General still handled manufacturing but GM handled marketing and distribution. At this point, the AM General Hummer was renamed Hummer H1. H1 built under contract for GM by AM General. Humvee production for military use continued after 2006.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Asoke Engineering (Asoke Motors)||Bangkok?||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Plai Noi]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]||Mid-1970s||Early-1980s||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Plai Noi was assembled in Thailand in 1974.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Associated Industries Ltd.||[[w:Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]||[[w:Guyana|Guyana]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Tapir]]||Mid-1970's||Late-1970's||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Tapir was assembled in Guyana. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Associated Motor Industries Ltd.||[[w:Jurong|Jurong]] (Jurong Industrial Estate)||[[w:Singapore|Singapore]]||[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)#HQ|Chevrolet 350]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] including: &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX4/90|VX4/90]]||1968||1975||Jointly owned by Wearne Brothers Limited &amp; Motor Investments Bhd. Associated Motor Industries Ltd. assembled vehicles under license from GM beginning in 1968 as well as brands from other automakers (Austin, Morris, &amp; Renault).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Associated Motor Industries Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.||[[w:Batu Tiga|Batu Tiga]], [[w:Selangor|Selangor]]||[[w:Malaysia|Malaysia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]]&lt;br /&gt;||1968||1971 (?)||Associated Motor Industries Malaysia assembled Holden vehicles under license from GM beginning in 1968 as well as brands from other automakers.  

|- 

|C||[[w:Automobilwerk Eisenach|Automobilwerk Eisenach]] (AWE)||[[w:Eisenach|Eisenach]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra]] A&lt;br /&gt;||1990||1991||  The old [[w:Wartburg (marque)|Wartburg]] plant built vehicles for Opel for a short time before closing permanently.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Avtotor|Avtotor]]||[[w:Kaliningrad|Kaliningrad]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2010)|Chevrolet Orlando]], [[w:Chevrolet Rezzo|Chevrolet Rezzo]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000) |Chevrolet Tahoe (GMT800)]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|Chevrolet Tahoe (GMT900)]], [[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#First generation (KC; 2001)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]], [[w:Cadillac BLS|Cadillac BLS]], [[w:Cadillac CTS|Cadillac CTS]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Second generation (2001)|Cadillac Escalade (GMT800)]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Third generation (2007)|Cadillac Escalade (GMT900)]], [[w:Cadillac SRX|Cadillac SRX]], [[w:Cadillac STS|Cadillac STS]], [[w:Hummer H2|Hummer H2]], [[w:Hummer H3|Hummer H3]], [[w:Opel Antara|Opel Antara]], [[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]], [[w:Opel Insignia|Opel Insignia]], [[w:Opel Mokka#First generation (J13; 2012)|Opel Mokka]], [[w:Opel Meriva|Opel Meriva]], [[w:Opel Zafira|Opel Zafira]]||2004||2015||Built under contract by [[w:Avtotor|Avtotor]] for GM. GM ended the contract in 2015.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Azia Avto||[[w:Ust-Kamenogorsk|Ust-Kamenogorsk]]||[[w:Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2010)|Chevrolet Orlando]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker]]||2007||2018||Built under contract by Azia Avto for GM.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Bangchan General Assembly|Bangchan General Assembly]] Co., Ltd.||[[w:Khan Na Yao district|Khan Na Yao district]], [[w:Bangkok|Bangkok]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Kingswood|Holden Monaro LS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Chevrolet De Ville]]||1970||1987 (?)||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] invested in Bangchan in 1979 but then sold its stake to [[w:Honda|Honda]] in 1987. Phra Nakorn Automobile Group became sole owner of Bangchan in 2005.  

|- 

|B||[[w:Gruppo Bertone|Gruppo Bertone]]||[[w:Grugliasco|Grugliasco]]||[[w:Italy|Italy]]||[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett E (1984–1995)|Opel Kadett E convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Astra#Second generation (1984–1993)|Vauxhall Astra Mark 2 convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel/Vauxhall Astra F convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel/Vauxhall Astra G coupe &amp; convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fourth generation (TS; 1998)|Holden Astra convertible (TS)]] ||1987||2006||Built under contract by [[w:Gruppo Bertone|Gruppo Bertone]] for Opel/Vauxhall.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Central African Transport Company (CATCO)||?||[[w:Malawi|Malawi]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Zonse]]||Mid-1970's||?||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Zonse was assembled in Malawi. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Centroamericana de Ensamblaje y Fabricación||(?)||[[w:Honduras|Honduras]]||[[w:El Compadre (car)|Compadre]]||1970s||(?)||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Compadre was assembled in Honduras.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Champion Motors||[[w:Shah Alam|Shah Alam]], [[w:Selangor|Selangor]]||[[w:Malaysia|Malaysia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]] including [[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]||1968||1982 (?)||Champion Motors assembled vehicles under license from GM beginning in 1968. Champion Motors was renamed Assembly Services Sdn. Bhd. (ASSB) in 1975. The last products still being built for GM were Bedford trucks. A joint venture of Toyota &amp; [[w:UMW Holdings|UMW Holdings Bhd.]] called Sejati Motor took over ASSB in 1982. Sejati Motor was renamed UMW Toyota Motor in 1987. ASSB is a subsidiary of UMW Toyota Motor.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Chinese Automobile Co., Ltd.||[[w:Xinzhuang District|Xinzhuang District]], [[w:New Taipei City|New Taipei City]]||[[w:Taiwan|Taiwan]]||[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] F &amp; G&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel Vectra]] B ||1993||2000||GM ended the assembly contract in 2001.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fabrica Superior de Centro America S.A.||?||[[w:El Salvador|El Salvador]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Cherito]]||1973||1975||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Cherito was assembled in El Salvador. It was distributed by Auto Palace.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Fernandes Autohandel||?||[[w:Suriname|Suriname]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Moetete]]||1973||1975||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Moetete was assembled in Suriname. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GAZ|GAZ]]||[[w:Nizhny Novgorod|Nizhny Novgorod]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Second generation (T300; 2012)|Chevrolet Aveo]]||2013||2015||Built under contract by [[w:GAZ|GAZ]] for GM. GM ended the contract in 2015.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Genoto (General Otomotiv Sanayi ve Ticaret AS)||[[w:Kozyatağı|Kozyatağı]], [[w:Istanbul|Istanbul]]||[[w:Turkey|Turkey]]||[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]] including [[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK]] (KG EJR &amp; KBC 10 &amp; 570)||1965||1986||Built Bedford trucks under license from GM, sometimes rebadged as Genoto. 

|- 

|E||[[w:Heuliez|Heuliez]]||[[w:Cerizay|Cerizay]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Opel Tigra#Tigra TwinTop B (2004–2009)|Opel/Vauxhall Tigra TwinTop B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Tigra#Tigra TwinTop B (2004–2009)|Holden Tigra (XC)]]||2004||2009||Built under contract by [[w:Heuliez|Heuliez]] for Opel/Vauxhall.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]]||[[w:Uttarpara|Uttarpara]], [[w:West Bengal|West Bengal]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] models under Hindustan name including [[w:Hindustan Contessa|Hindustan Contessa]] (based on [[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]])&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] models including [[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Allison Transmission|Allison Transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Terex|Terex]]||1957 (?)||2004||Built under license by [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||INDEVESA, S.A. (Industrias Nicaraguenses De Vehiculos SA)||(?)||[[w:Nicaragua|Nicaragua]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Pinolero]]||1974||(?)||The Nicaraguan state-owned company produced a version of GM's BTV called the Pinolero.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Industrias Superior||[[w:Guatemala City|Guatemala City]]||[[w:Guatemala|Guatemala]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Chato]]||1977||1970's||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Chato was assembled in Guatemala. It was distributed by CIDEA.

|-

|3||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] Kawasaki plant||[[w:Kawasaki, Kanagawa|Kawasaki, Kanagawa]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet W-Series|Chevrolet W-Series]] (1984-1998)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC W-Series|GMC W-Series]] (1984-1998)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]] (1987-1994)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] (1995-98 FRR, 1989-96 FSR, 1992-96 FTR/FVR)||1938||2005||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] plant. Closed 2005.

|- 

|H&lt;br /&gt;(WMI: MPA)||[[w:Isuzu Motors (Thailand)|Isuzu Motors Co., (Thailand) Ltd.]] (IMCT)||Samrong Tai, [[w:Phra Pradaeng district|Phra Pradaeng district]], [[w:Samut Prakan province|Samut Prakan province]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Holden Rodeo|Holden Rodeo (RA)]]||2003||2008||Rebadged Isuzu D-Max produced by Isuzu Thailand for GM Holden in Australia and New Zealand. Replaced by the updated and renamed Holden Colorado, which was made by GM Thailand rather than Isuzu Thailand. The model name was changed because after GM sold the last of its shares in Isuzu in 2006, GM Holden lost the right to use the Rodeo name, which was owned by Isuzu, during 2008.

|-

|9||[[w:KUKA|KUKA]]||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:BrightDrop Zevo 600|BrightDrop Zevo 600]] (2022)||2021||2022||Produced under contract for GM in a limited run of less than 500 units. A temporary measure until GM's CAMI plant is ready to start building BrightDrop electric vans. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Lilpop, Rau i Loewenstein|Lilpop, Rau and Loewenstein (LRL)]]||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars, trucks, and buses&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]||1937||1939||Was located at Bema Street. Lilpop, Rau and Loewenstein was a GM distributor who also assembled vehicles from CKD kits under license from GM until the German invasion that began World War II interrupted production. The Germans took over the factory during the war and the company was nationalized by the Communist Polish govt. after the war.

|-

|N (Opel Speedster &amp;&lt;br /&gt;Vauxhall VX220)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;H (Lotus models)||[[w:Lotus Cars|Lotus Cars]]||[[w:RAF Hethel|RAF Hethel]], [[w: Hethel|Hethel]], [[w:Norfolk|Norfolk]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||

[[w:Opel Speedster|Opel Speedster]]/[[w:Vauxhall VX220|Vauxhall VX220]] (2001-2006) 7,207 units 
 

[[w:Lotus Elise|Lotus Elise]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Lotus Exige|Lotus Exige]]

||2000||2005||GM owned Lotus from 1986-1993. GM sold Lotus in 1993 to A.C.B.N. Holdings S.A. of Luxembourg, a company controlled by Italian businessman Romano Artioli, who also owned Bugatti Automobili SpA. Artioli sold Lotus to Malaysian automaker [[w:Proton Holdings|Proton]] in 1996. The Opel Speedster &amp; Vauxhall VX220 were built under contract for GM by Lotus after GM had sold Lotus. The Opel Speedster &amp; Vauxhall VX220 were based on the Lotus Elise.

|- 

|6||[[w:Magna Steyr|Magna Steyr]]||[[w:Graz|Graz]]||[[w:Austria|Austria]]||[[w:Saab 9-3#Second generation (2003–2014)|Saab 9-3 Convertible]] (2004-2010)||2003||2009||Built under contract by [[w:Magna Steyr|Magna Steyr]] for GM-owned Saab Automobile AB. 9-3 Convertible production was moved to Saab's own plant in Trollhattan, Sweden in January 2010.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:de:McCairns Motors|McCairns Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Dublin Docklands|Dublin Docklands]], [[w:Dublin|Dublin]] and [[w:Santry|Santry]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Republic of Ireland]]||[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]||1935||1975||McCairns Motors was the local assembler and distributor for Vauxhall and Bedford in Ireland. Assembly began at Dublin Port on Alexandra Road in November 1935. In 1951, car assembly moved to a larger plant in Santry. McCairns also assembled and sold other brands like Simca, Alfa Romeo, and Mitsubishi Fuso. Production ended due to Ireland joining the European Economic Community in 1973 and the end of tariffs on imports of completely built-up vehicles. This removed the need for local assembly in Ireland. McCairns Motors used the site in Santry until 1987. The Omni Park shopping center now stands where the assembly plant in Santry used to be.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Mercury Marine|Mercury Marine]]||[[w:Stillwater, Oklahoma|Stillwater, Oklahoma]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)#LT5|5.7L LT5 DOHC V8 engine]] (For 1990-1995 C4 Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1)||1989||1993||Engine was built for GM by Mercury Marine at their existing MerCruiser marine engine plant in Stillwater. 21,000 square feet of the 650,000 square foot plant was partitioned from the rest of the plant for assembly of this engine. LT5 engine production actually ended in 1993. Extra engines were built to be sufficient for Corvette ZR-1 production through 1995. The extra engines were sealed and crated for long-term storage and were shipped to the Corvette plant in Bowling Green, Kentucky and stored there until they were needed for installation in a '94 or '95 Corvette ZR-1. &lt;br&gt; Plant was located at 3003 N Perkins Rd. Closed in December 2011. Sold in 2012 to Belgium-based aerospace supplier Asco Industries.  

|- 

|H||[[w:Navistar|Navistar]] - Springfield Assembly Plant (Main Line)||[[w:Springfield, Ohio|Springfield, Ohio]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Medium duty version (4500HD, 5500HD, 6500HD, and International CV)|Chevrolet Silverado Medium Duty (2019-2026)&lt;br /&gt;International CV]] (2019-2026)||2019||2026||Located at 6125 Urbana Road. Jointly developed by GM &amp; Navistar. Built under contract by [[w:Navistar|Navistar/International Motors]] for GM. Contract with GM ended Sept. 30, 2026. Both the Silverado Medium Duty &amp; the International CV are discontinued. Plant sold to [[w:Roshel|Roshel]]. 

|- 

|N||[[w:Navistar|Navistar]] - Springfield Assembly Plant (Secondary Line)||[[w:Springfield, Ohio|Springfield, Ohio]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Chevrolet Express|Chevrolet Express]] cutaway (2017-2026),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Savana|GMC Savana]] cutaway (2017-2026) ||2017||2026||Located at 6125 Urbana Road. Built under contract by [[w:Navistar|Navistar/International Motors]] for GM. Contract with GM ended Sept. 30, 2026. For 2027, all Express and Savana production is at GM's own Wentzville Assembly Plant. Express/Savana 3500 series cutaway w/177-inch wheelbase and all Express/Savana 4500 series cutaways (159 &amp; 177 inch wheelbases) are discontinued. Plant sold to [[w:Roshel|Roshel]]. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Neal and Massy Industries Ltd.||[[w:Morvant|Morvant]]&lt;br /&gt; later moved to &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Arima|Arima]]||[[w:Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidad and Tobago]]||[[w:Holden Commodore#First generation (1978–1988)|Holden Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Kingswood|Holden Kingswood]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Chevrolet Caprice (rebadged Statesman DeVille)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series C|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]]||1966||1994 (Production for GM may have ended earlier)||Built under license by Neal and Massy for GM. Neal and Massy also assembled vehicles for Datsun (Nissan) and Mazda. Assembly operation closed in 1994. Neal and Massy (now called Massy Motors) still operates as an importer/distributor for several non-GM automotive brands.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Nexus Automotive|Nexus Automotive (Pvt.) Ltd.]]||[[w:Port Qasim|Port Qasim]], [[w:Karachi|Karachi]], [[w:Sindh|Sindh province]]||[[w:Pakistan|Pakistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Asia|Chevrolet Joy]]||2005||2006||Nexus Automotive was a GM licensed assembler and distributor. Built under contract for [[w:Nexus Automotive|Nexus Automotive]] by [[w:Ghandhara Nissan|Ghandhara Nissan]] at a plant with spare capacity.  

|- 

|K||[[w:Nissan USA#Manufacturing|Nissan Mexicana]]||[[w:Cuernavaca|Cuernavaca]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet City Express|Chevrolet City Express]] (2015-2018)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan NV200|Nissan NV200]] (2013-2021)||2014||2018||Nissan plant. 

Chevrolet City Express is a rebadged Nissan NV200 made for GM by Nissan. Chevrolet &lt;br&gt; City Express discontinued after 2018. NV200 discontinued in North America after 2021.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Nissan Motor Australia|Nissan Motor Australia]] Clayton plant||[[w:Clayton South, Victoria|Clayton South]], [[w:Victoria (state)|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Astra#First generation (LB, LC; 1984–1987)|Holden Astra (LB/LC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan Pulsar#N12 (1982)|Nissan Pulsar (N12)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Second generation (LD; 1987–1989)|Holden Astra (LD)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan Pulsar#N13 (1986)|Nissan Pulsar (N13)]]||1984 (GM prod.)||1989 (GM prod.)|| Production for GM Holden at Nissan's Australian plant was done as part of the Australian government's [[w:Button car plan|Button car plan]] for rationalization of local automotive production. The relationship ended in 1989 and GM Holden established a joint venture with Toyota called [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries|United Australian Automobile Industries]] to replace the Nissan relationship. The Nissan Pulsar-based Holden Astra was replaced by the Toyota Corolla-based Holden Nova. Nissan closed its Australian vehicle assembly plant in 1992. The Clayton plant was later taken over by HSV and the Walkinshaw Group. 

|- 

|Y||[[w:Nissan Motor Ibérica|Nissan Motor Ibérica]]||[[w:Barcelona|Barcelona]]||[[w:Spain|Spain]]||[[w:Opel Vivaro A|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro A]] (high roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Renault Trafic]] (high roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Nissan Primastar]] (high roof versions only)||2001||2015||This is a Nissan plant that built high roof versions of Renault-designed midsize vans for Opel/Vauxhall as part of a supply deal between GM Europe &amp; Renault as well as for Renault and Nissan. The low roof versions were made by Vauxhall at the IBC Vehicles/GMM Luton plant however that UK plant could not fit the high roof versions so they were built by Nissan in Spain. Van production in Barcelona ended in 2015 and high roof Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro production was moved to Renault's plant in Sandouville, France, which also handled all Renault Trafic and Nissan NV300 (Primastar replacement) production. Nissan closed this plant in Dec. 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:de:O’Shea’s Limited (Opel)|O’Shea’s Limited]]||[[w:Cork (city)|Cork]], [[w:Munster|Munster]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Republic of Ireland]]||[[w:Opel|Opel]] cars including [[w:Opel Rekord|Rekord]]||1937||1965|| Before 1962, O’Shea’s was the sole Opel assembler and distributor in Ireland. From 1962-1965, assembly and distribution of Opels in Ireland was split between Reg Armstrong Motors and O’Shea’s Limited. After 1965, Reg Armstrong Motors was the sole Opel assembler and distributor in Ireland. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||PT. Pantja Motor||[[w:Sunter, Jakarta|Sunter]], [[w:North Jakarta|North Jakarta]], [[w:Jakarta|Jakarta]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Tavera|Chevrolet Tavera]]||2001||2005||Isuzu's Indonesian assembler, now known as [[w:Isuzu Astra Motor Indonesia|Isuzu Astra Motor Indonesia]]. Built the Isuzu Panther-based Tavera for GM Indonesia.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]]||[[w:Grugliasco|Grugliasco]]||[[w:Italy|Italy]]||[[w:Cadillac Eldorado#1959–60 Eldorado Brougham|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (Series 6900)]] (1959-1960) painted bodies||1959||1960||Bodies were built by [[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]] and mated with chassis shipped to Italy by Cadillac and then shipped back to the US. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]]||[[w:San Giorgio Canavese|San Giorgio Canavese]]||[[w:Italy|Italy]]||[[w:Cadillac Allanté|Cadillac Allanté]] (1987-1993) painted bodies||1986||1993||Bodies were designed and manufactured under contract by [[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]] for Cadillac. Plant was built specially for the Allanté. Bodies were then flown from Turin, Italy to Detroit on specially equipped Boeing 747s and then trucked to GM's Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly Plant for final assembly. The assembly process was known as the &quot;Allanté Air Bridge&quot;. It was also referred to as &quot;the world's longest assembly line.&quot;

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pragoti|Pragoti Industries Ltd.]]||[[w:Sitakunda|Sitakunda]], [[w:Chittagong Division|Chittagong Division]]||[[w:Bangladesh|Bangladesh]]||[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks and buses]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]]||1966||1970's||Began as part of [[w:Ghandhara Industries|Ghandhara Industries]] Ltd. in 1966 when Bangladesh was still [[w:East Pakistan|East Pakistan]] and assembled GM vehicles like the Ghandhara plant in Karachi did. After Bangladesh became independent in 1971, the operation was nationalized by the new government and became Pragoti Industries Ltd.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:de:Reg. Armstrong Motors|Reg Armstrong Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Ringsend|Ringsend]], [[w:Dublin|Dublin]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Republic of Ireland]]||[[w:Opel|Opel]] cars including [[w:Opel Kadett|Kadett]], [[w:Opel Rekord|Rekord]], and [[w:Opel Commodore|Commodore]]||1962||1974||From 1962-1965, assembly and distribution of Opels in Ireland was split between Reg Armstrong Motors and O’Shea’s Limited. After 1965, Reg Armstrong Motors was the sole Opel assembler and distributor in Ireland. Reg Armstrong Motors also assembled the [[w:NSU Prinz|NSU Prinz]], [[w:Honda motorcycles|Honda motorcycles]], and from 1976-1978, the original [[w:Mini|Mini]] at the Ringsend plant. Production ended due to Ireland joining the European Economic Community in 1973 and the end of tariffs on imports of completely built-up vehicles. This removed the need for local assembly in Ireland. 

|-

|B (GM)||[[w:Société de Véhicules Automobiles de Batilly|Renault Batilly]]||[[w:Batilly, Meurthe-et-Moselle|Batilly]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Renault Trafic#First generation (1980)|Opel/Vauxhall Arena]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#First generation (1980)|Renault Trafic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master#Second generation (1997)|Opel/Vauxhall Movano A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master#Third generation (2010)|Opel/Vauxhall Movano B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master|Renault Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master#Renault Mascott|Renault Trucks Mascott]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan Interstar|Nissan Interstar]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan NV400|Nissan NV400]]||1997||2017||Renault-[[w:Société de Véhicules Automobiles de Batilly|SOVAB]] plant. Opel/Vauxhall was sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. As part of PSA Group, Opel/Vauxhall became part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] in 2021. Movano switched to being PSA/Fiat-based instead of Renault-based in 2021.

|- 

|S (GM)||[[w:Sandouville Renault Factory|Renault Sandouville]]||[[w:Sandouville|Sandouville]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro]] B (high roof versions only) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Renault Trafic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan NV300|Nissan NV300]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Nissan Primastar]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Fiat Talento]]||2014||2017||Renault plant. Opel/Vauxhall was sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Vivaro switched to being PSA-based instead of Renault-based in 2018. As part of PSA Group, Opel/Vauxhall became part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] in 2021.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Renault Argentina|Renault Santa Isabel]]||[[w:Santa Isabel, Córdoba|Santa Isabel]], [[w:Córdoba Province, Argentina|Cordoba]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||[[w:Chevrolet D-20|Chevrolet C-20 &amp; D-20]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|Chevrolet Grand Blazer]] (GMT400)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K#1997–2001|Chevrolet Silverado]] (GMT400)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#South America|Chevrolet Trafic/SpaceVan]] ||1991||2002||[[w:Renault Argentina|Renault Argentina]]-CIADEA plant. Built Chevrolets under license for GM. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Sevel Argentina|Sevel Argentina]]||[[w:Córdoba, Argentina|Estación Ferreyra, Córdoba]], [[w:Córdoba Province, Argentina|Cordoba]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||[[w:Chevrolet D-20|Chevrolet C-20/D-20]]||1985||1991||Fiat - PSA jointly owned plant. Built Chevrolets under license for GM. 

|- 

|For Saab&lt;br&gt; 9-2X:&lt;br&gt; G (w/man. trans.),&lt;br&gt; H (w/auto. trans.)||[[w:Subaru#Manufacturing facilities|Subaru Main Plant]]||[[w:Ōta, Gunma|Ōta, Gunma]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Saab 9-2X|Saab 9-2X]] (2005-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Subaru Forester#Second generation (SG; 2002)|Chevrolet Forester (India)]] (2003-2007)||2003 (GM prod.)||2007 (GM prod.)||[[w:Subaru|Subaru]] plant 

|- 

|4||[[w:Subaru-Isuzu Automotive|Subaru-Isuzu Automotive]] (S.I.A.)||[[w:Lafayette, Indiana|Lafayette, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Holden Frontera#Second generation (1998)|Holden Frontera]] (UE/MX)||1999 (GM prod.)||2003 (GM prod.)||Subaru &amp; Isuzu joint venture plant. Isuzu built a rebadged, rhd version of the 2nd generation US market Isuzu Rodeo &amp; Amigo SUVs for export to GM Holden in Australia and New Zealand.

|-

|W (GM),&lt;br /&gt;4 (Suzuki)||Suzuki Iwata Assembly||[[w:Iwata, Shizuoka|Iwata, Shizuoka]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#First generation|Geo Tracker]] (US: 1989-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Sidekick|Suzuki Sidekick]] (US: 1989-1995, 1997-98)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Sidekick|Suzuki Sidekick Sport]] (US: 1996-1998)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Grand Vitara|Suzuki Grand Vitara]] (1999-2013)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki XL-7#First generation (XL-7; 1998)|Suzuki XL-7]] (2001-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Drover#Second generation (1981)|Holden Drover (QB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Scurry#Eighth generation (DA71/DB71/DA81/DA41/DB41/DA51/DB51; 1985)|Holden Scurry (NB)]]||1985 (GM prod.)||1990 (GM prod.)||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant 

|- 

|K (GM),&lt;br /&gt;5 (Suzuki)||Suzuki Kosai Assembly||[[w:Kosai, Shizuoka|Kosai, Shizuoka]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Sprint|Chevrolet Sprint]] (US: 1985-1988)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Metro|Geo Metro]] (US: 1989-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firefly|Pontiac Firefly]] (Canada)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#First generation (MB, ML; 1985–1988)|Holden Barina (MB/ML)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#Second generation (MF, MH; 1989–1994|Holden Barina (MF/MH)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus|Suzuki Swift]] (US: 1989-1994)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Ignis#Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet/Holden Cruze (YGM1)]] (YG) ||1984 (GM prod.)||2008 (GM prod.)||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant 

|- 

|M (GM),&lt;br /&gt;0 (Suzuki/Fiat/Subaru)||[[w:Magyar Suzuki Corporation|Magyar Suzuki Corporation]]||[[w:Esztergom|Esztergom]]||[[w:Hungary|Hungary]]||[[w:Opel Agila#Second generation (H08; 2007)|Opel/Vauxhall Agila B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Splash|Suzuki Splash]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Swift|Suzuki Swift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Subaru Justy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki SX4|Suzuki SX4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Fiat Sedici|Fiat Sedici]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Ignis#Suzuki Ignis (2003 facelift)|Suzuki Ignis]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Ignis#Suzuki Ignis (2003 facelift)|Subaru G3X Justy]]||1992&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2007 (GM prod.)||2014 (GM prod.)||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Suzuki Sagara Assembly &amp; Engine||[[w:Makinohara|Makinohara]], [[w:Shizuoka Prefecture|Shizuoka Prefecture]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet MW|Chevrolet MW]] (sold in Japan)&lt;br /&gt;||2000||2010||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant.&lt;br /&gt; Also built the 3.6-liter GM High Feature V6 engine ([[w:GM High Feature engine#LY7|Suzuki N36A]]) to power the [[w:Suzuki XL-7#Second generation (XL7; 2006)|2nd generation Suzuki XL7]] under license from GM. (Note: Dates reflect beginning &amp; end dates of production for GM.)  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tecna SA||[[w:Arica, Chile|Arica]]||[[w:Chile|Chile]]||[[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (1962-71 from CKD kits supplied by GM Oshawa and Willow Run)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Beaumont (automobile)|Acadian Beaumont]] (1964-71 from CKD kits supplied by GM Oshawa)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]||1962||1971||  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tecno S.A.||[[w:Uruca|La Uruca]], [[w:San José, Costa Rica|San José]]||[[w:Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|GM Amigo]]||1970s||(?)||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Amigo was assembled in Costa Rica.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Tecnomotor S.A.||(?)||[[w:Paraguay|Paraguay]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|GM Mitai]]||1970s||(?)||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Mitai was assembled in Paraguay.

|-

|9 (GM),&lt;br /&gt;6 (Fiat &amp; Ram)||[[w:Tofaş|Tofaş]]||[[w:Bursa|Bursa]]||[[w:Turkey|Turkey]]||[[w:Opel Combo#Combo D (2012-2018)|Opel/Vauxhall Combo D]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Fiat Doblo|Fiat Doblo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Ram ProMaster City|Ram ProMaster City]]||2011||2017||[[w:Fiat|Fiat]] plant (joint venture with Koç Holding of Turkey). Opel/Vauxhall was sold to PSA Group in 2017. Combo switched to being PSA-based instead of Fiat-based in 2019. As part of PSA Group, Opel/Vauxhall became part of Stellantis in 2021. Fiat and Tofaş also became part of Stellantis in 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toyota Australia|Toyota Australia]] [[w:Toyota Australia Altona Plant|Altona plant]]||[[w:Altona North|Altona North]], [[w:Victoria (state)|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Nova#Second generation (LG; 1994–1996)|Holden Nova (LG)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Corolla (E100)|Toyota Corolla (E100)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Apollo|Holden Apollo (JM/JP)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Camry (XV10)|Toyota Camry (XV10)]]||1994||1996 (GM prod.)|| Production for GM Holden at Toyota's Australian plant was done as part of [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries|United Australian Automobile Industries]], a model sharing joint venture in Australia between Holden and Toyota from 1987-1996. This was created as part of the Australian government's [[w:Button car plan|Button car plan]] for rationalization of local automotive production. Toyota consolidated its Australian production at the new Altona plant in 1994-1995. The joint venture dissolved in 1996 and Holden's rebadged Toyotas were replaced with rebadged Opel models (Astra and Vectra) from GM Europe. Corolla production in Australia ended in 1999. Toyota closed the Altona plant in 2017.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toyota Australia|Toyota Australia]] Port Melbourne plant||[[w:Port Melbourne|Port Melbourne]], [[w:Victoria (state)|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Apollo|Holden Apollo (JK/JL)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Camry#V20 (1986–1992)|Toyota Camry (V20)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Apollo|Holden Apollo (JM)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Camry (XV10)|Toyota Camry (XV10)]]||1989 (GM prod.)||1994 (GM prod.)|| Production for GM Holden at Toyota's Australian plant was done as part of [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries|United Australian Automobile Industries]], a model sharing joint venture in Australia between Holden and Toyota from 1987-1996. This was created as part of the Australian government's [[w:Button car plan|Button car plan]] for rationalization of local automotive production. Toyota consolidated its Australian production at the new Altona plant in 1994-1995 and production ended at the older Port Melbourne plant in late 1994. The joint venture would later dissolve in 1996 and Holden's rebadged Toyota Camry was replaced with a rebadged Opel Vectra from GM Europe.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||PT. Udatin (Usaha Dagang Teknik Indonesia)||[[w:Surabaya|Surabaya]], [[w:East Java|East Java]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Statesman brand HQ-HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Monaro|Holden Monaro]] HQ&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]] LJ, LH, LX&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Gemini#First generation|Holden Gemini TX, TC, TD, TE, TF, TG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]] JB&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Aska#South-East Asia and New Zealand|Holden Aska]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Gemini#Second generation|Holden Gemini (RB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VH)|Holden Commodore (VH)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VK)|Holden Commodore (VK)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VL)|Holden Calais (VL)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Holden Lincah/Raider]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC trucks]]||1959||1988||Built vehicles under contract for GM. During the 1960's, production was off and on due to Indonesian government policies and the economic situation. Production ended in 1988. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Unison||[[w:Minsk|Minsk]]||[[w:Belarus|Belarus]]||[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fourth generation (2015)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] K2XX, [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fourth generation (2015)|Cadillac Escalade]] K2XX, [[w:Opel Mokka#First generation (J13; 2012)|Opel Mokka]]||2015||2018||Built under contract by Unison for GM. Production ended in 2018.  

|- 

|6,7 (Saab)&lt;br /&gt;9 (Opel/Vauxhall)||[[w:Valmet Automotive|Valmet Automotive]]||[[w:Uusikaupunki|Uusikaupunki]]||[[w:Finland|Finland]]||[[w:Saab 9-3#First generation (1998–2003)|Saab 9-3 Convertible &amp; 9-3 Viggen]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 900|Saab 900]] (including 900 Convertible)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Calibra|Opel/Vauxhall Calibra]]||1969||2003||Built under contract by [[w:Valmet Automotive|Valmet Automotive]] for Saab &amp; for Opel/Vauxhall. Saab-Valmet was established in 1968 as a joint venture between Valmet and Saab-Scania. In 1992, Valmet became the sole owner, and the company was renamed Valmet Automotive in 1995.  

|- 

|X||[[w:ZAZ|ZAZ]]||[[w:Zaporizhia|Zaporizhia]] &amp; [[w:Illichivsk|Illichivsk]]||[[w:Ukraine|Ukraine]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Lanos|Chevrolet Lanos]], [[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel Astra Classic]], [[w:Opel Astra#H|Opel Astra]], [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa]], [[w:Opel Combo|Opel Combo]], [[w:Opel Meriva|Opel Meriva]], [[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]], [[w:Opel Zafira|Opel Zafira]]||2003||2012||Built under contract by [[w:ZAZ|ZAZ]] for GM.  

|- 

|}</text>
      <sha1>kpa3ml2tlhq0b6fl1uzfr3o422if6xq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679091</id>
      <parentid>4679090</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:21:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JustTheFacts33</username>
        <id>3434282</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Current factories */</comment>
      <origin>4679091</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="445625" sha1="81788neaky7ph9ohofzl4l1uv22gjp6" xml:space="preserve">This is a '''history of [[w:General Motors|General Motors]] factories''' that are being or have been used to produce cars, vans, SUVs, trucks, buses, and automobile components.&lt;ref name=GMfacilities&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080614231130/http://www.gm.com/corporate/responsibility/environment/plants/index.jsp GM facilities map]. Retrieved on July 8, 2009.&lt;/ref&gt; The factories are sometimes idled for re-tooling. 

Originally, GM's different divisions each had their own serial number formats and plant codes. Chevrolet cars, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, and Buick unified their serial number formats and plant codes in 1965. Cadillac adopted the same unified format in 1971. Chevrolet trucks and GMC trucks unified their serial number formats in 1972. Chevrolet trucks and GMC trucks were already using the same plant codes from 1964 and those were unified with the car divisions (other than Cadillac) in 1965. Cadillac did not use plant codes before 1971 as all Cadillacs were made at Cadillac's home plant in Detroit until 1971. In 1971, Cadillacs began to be made in more than one plant so they started using plant codes, using the same codes that the other GM car divisions were using since 1965. GM Canada used the same format as GM USA from 1967.

For US-built models:

For '''Chevrolet cars including El Camino''': Plant code was the 1st or 1st 2 digits of the serial number from 1928-1952. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1953-1957 6-cylinder models. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number from 1955-1957 V8 models. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1958-1959. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number from 1960-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980.

For '''Chevrolet trucks''': Plant code was the 1st or 1st 2 digits of the serial number from 1947-1952. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1953-1954 &amp; for the 1955 1st Series models. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with 6-cylinder engines. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with V8 engines. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number from 1960-1971. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1972-1980 (including Chevy LUV).

For '''Pontiac''': Plant code was the 1st letter in the serial number from 1936-1938 for plants other than Pontiac, MI (Pontiac, MI omitted the 1st letter so the 1st position was a number rather than a letter for Pontiac, MI as Pontiac, MI didn't use a specific plant code). Plant code was the 1st position of the serial number from 1939-1958. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1959-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980.

For '''Oldsmobile''': Plant code was the 1st of 2 letters in the serial number from 1937-1940 for plants other than Lansing (Lansing omitted the 1st letter so there was only 1 letter before the numbers rather than 2 letters for Linden &amp; Southgate as Lansing didn't have a specific plant code). Plant code was the letter in the 3rd position of the serial number from 1941-1948 for plants other than Lansing (Lansing omitted the letter and didn't have a specific plant code). Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number from 1949-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980.

For '''Buick''': Plant code was the number in the 1st position of the serial number from 1938-1953. Plant code was the number in the 3rd position of the serial number from 1954-1964. Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1965-1980 (including '76-'79 Buick Opel by Isuzu).

For '''Cadillac''': Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1971-1980. (Cadillac did not use plant codes before 1971 as all Cadillacs were made at Cadillac's home plant in Detroit until 1971.)

For '''GMC Sprint &amp; Caballero''': Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1971-1980.

For '''GMC trucks''': Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number from 1952-1954 &amp; for 1955 1st Series models with manual transmission. Plant code was the 7th position of the serial number from 1952-1954 &amp; for 1955 1st Series models with automatic transmission. Plant code was the 4th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with 6-cylinder engines. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number for 1955 2nd Series models and 1956-1959 models with V8 engines. Plant code was the 5th position of the serial number for 1960-1966 models with 2wd and V6 or V8 engines. Plant code was the 6th position of the serial number for 1960-1966 models with inline-6 engines or with 4wd. Plant code was the 7th position of the serial number from 1967-1971 (most models had a dash in the 6th position except for some models that had a special designation indicated in the 6th position). Plant code was the letter or number in the 7th position of the serial number from 1972-1980.

All models from 1981 on have the plant code in the 11th position as per standardized VIN regulations. 

The above applies to Canadian-built models from 1967 on.

==Current factories== 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 

!VIN !! Name !! City/State !! Country !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products !! Opened !! Idled !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Comments 

|- 

|R (1963-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-present)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;T (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] and Pre-1960 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A (1960-1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;8 (Pre-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Arlington Assembly|Arlington Assembly]]||[[w:Arlington, Texas|Arlington, Texas]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:GMT T1XX|T1XX]] SUVs (2021-):&lt;br /&gt;
[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fifth generation (2021)|Chevrolet Tahoe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Twelfth generation (2021)|Chevrolet Suburban]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Yukon|GMC Yukon]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Yukon XL|GMC Yukon XL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fifth generation (2021)|Cadillac Escalade]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fifth generation (2021)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]]
||1954||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2525 E Abram St.&lt;br /&gt;Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. Production began on January 6, 1954. The first vehicle produced was a 1954 Pontiac Chieftain 4-door. Arlington began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1963. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Arlington began making midsize cars for 1968 but focused exclusively on midsize cars from 1971-1987. Arlington resumed making full-size cars for 1988 for the first time since 1970. Arlington focused exclusively on rwd, full-size cars from 1988-1996. When Willow Run Assembly closed in 1993, Arlington became GM's only factory still building traditional body-on-frame, rwd, full-size cars. Passenger car production ended in 1996. It's interesting to note that Arlington has never built any fwd vehicles or any unibody vehicles. Arlington was then converted to build full-size SUVs. SUV production began for 1998. Full-size pickups were also built for 1998-2000. Arlington Assembly has produced models for all of GM's primary American brands: Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Buick, Cadillac, and GMC. Arlington Assembly has produced over 13 million vehicles. A new 129,250-square-foot body shop on the plant's west side was announced in 2011 as part of retooling for the K2XX generation SUVs launched in 2014. A new stamping plant was announced in 2012 and opened in 2013 at Arlington Assembly, replacing stampings previously sourced from GM stamping plants elsewhere in the US.&lt;br /&gt; A $1.4 billion plant upgrade was completed to build the &lt;br /&gt; T1XX generation SUVs beginning in 2020. It included a new &lt;br /&gt; 1 million sq. ft. body shop &amp; a 600,000-sq. ft. extension to the paint shop. The general assembly area was also upgraded. &lt;br /&gt; Past models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM A platform (RWD)|GM A platform (RWD)]] (intermediate): [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1970-1977), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1974-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970-1981), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1974-1977), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1971-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1971-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1971-1977), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1968-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1968-1970), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1968-1970)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:General Motors G platform (1969)|GM G platform (RWD) 1982-1988]]: [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1982-1983), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1982-1984), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1982-1983), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1982-1987), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1982-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1982-1987), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1985).&lt;br /&gt; [[w:General Motors A platform (1925)|GM full-size A platform]]: [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1954-1957), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1954-1957)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM B platform|GM B platform]]: [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1960), [[w:Buick Roadmaster#1991–1996|Buick Roadmaster sedan]] (1992-1996), [[w:Buick Estate#1991–1996|Buick Roadmaster Estate wagon]] (1994-1996), [[w:Buick Special#1949–1958|Buick Special]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1970, 1988-1996), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Seventh generation (Impala SS, 1994–1996)|Chevrolet Impala SS]] (1994-1996), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1955-1964), [[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#Second generation (1977–1990)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1988-1990), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1959-1968), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1970), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-65, 1967-68), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1963, 1966), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961).&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors C platform (RWD)|GM C platform (RWD)]]: [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick Limited#1958 Limited|Buick Limited]] (1958), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1955-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1955-1958), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1954-1964) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM D platform|GM D platform]]: [[w:Cadillac Brougham|Cadillac Brougham]] (1988-1992), [[w:Cadillac Fleetwood#Rear-wheel drive 1993–1996|Cadillac Fleetwood]] (1993-1996) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMT400|GMT400]] pickups: [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1998-2000), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra]] (1998-2000).&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT400|GMT400]] SUVs: [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (1998-1999), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Tahoe Limited and Tahoe Z71|Chevrolet Tahoe Limited and Z71]] (2000), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|GMC Yukon]] (1998-1999), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#GMC Yukon Denali|GMC Yukon Denali]] (1999-2000), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#First generation (1999)|Cadillac Escalade]] (1999-2000)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT800|GMT800]] SUVs: [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (2001-2006), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000)|GMC Yukon]] (2001-2006), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Second generation (2002)|Cadillac Escalade]] (2002-2006), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Ninth generation (2000)|Chevrolet Suburban]] (2001-2005), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Ninth generation (2000)|GMC Yukon XL]] (2001-2005).&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT900|GMT900]] SUVs: [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon Denali]] (2009-2014), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Third generation (2007)|Cadillac Escalade]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|Chevrolet Suburban]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|GMC Yukon XL]] (2007-2014), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|GMC Yukon XL Denali]] (2009-2014), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Third generation (2007)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]] (2007-2014)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMT K2XX|K2XX]] SUVs (2015-2020): [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fourth generation (2015)|Chevrolet Tahoe]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fourth generation (2015)|GMC Yukon]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fourth generation (2015)|Cadillac Escalade]], [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Eleventh generation (2015)|Chevrolet Suburban]], [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Eleventh generation (2015)|GMC Yukon XL]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fourth generation (2015)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]] 

|-

|U (Celestiq),&lt;br&gt; A (&quot;Curated&quot; models),&lt;br&gt; 0 (CT5-V Blackwing 20th Anniv. Ed.)||[[Artisan Center]]||[[w:Warren, Michigan|Warren, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac Celestiq|Cadillac Celestiq]] (2025-),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Escalade IQ|Cadillac Escalade IQ]] &quot;Curated by Cadillac&quot; program only (2027-)||2024||&amp;nbsp;||Located at the [[w:General Motors Technical Center|GM Global Technical Center]] in Warren, Michigan. The Celestiq will be the first production vehicle sold to the public to be built at the GM Tech Center. The Celestiq will be built by hand on a special, low-volume production line and will be highly customizable. The Celestiq will be built to order and each one will be unique.&lt;br/&gt; 

Past models: &lt;br /&gt; 2024 [[w:Cadillac CT5#CT5-V Blackwing|Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing 20th Anniversary Edition]] where the final 8 digits of the VIN are R0912004 through R0912024 or R0962004 through R0962024,&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac CT5#CT5-V Blackwing|Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing]] &quot;Curated by Cadillac&quot; program only (2026)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Bay City Powertrain]]||[[w:Bay City, Michigan|Bay City, Michigan]]||United States||Engine components including connecting rods &amp; camshafts||1916||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1001 Woodside Ave. Originally opened as National Cycle Manufacturing Co. in 1892 to make bicycles. Bought by Chevrolet in 1916 and joined GM along with Chevrolet in 1918. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Bedford Casting]]||[[w:Bedford, Indiana|Bedford, Indiana]]||United States||Cylinder heads, cylinder blocks, transmission cases, EV drive unit housings, structural components, Aluminum die casting||1942||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 105 GM Drive. 

|- 

|5||[[w:Bowling Green Assembly Plant|Bowling Green Assembly Plant]]||[[w:Bowling Green, Kentucky|Bowling Green, Kentucky]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C8)|Chevrolet Corvette (C8)]] (2020-)&lt;br /&gt; 


[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT4|LT4 supercharged V8 engine]] for:&lt;br&gt; Cadillac Escalade-V '23-&lt;br /&gt; 


[[w:Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine|LT6 V8 engine]] ('23- Corvette Z06)

[[w:Chevrolet Gemini small-block engine#LT7|LT7 twin-turbo V8 engine]] ('25- Corvette ZR1, '26- Corvette ZR1X)

||1981||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 600 Corvette Drive. Originally built by Chrysler's Airtemp division in 1969-1970 and used to build non-automotive A/C units, the plant closed in 1976 following Chrysler's sale of Airtemp to Fedders and was sold to GM in 1980. GM converted the facility into an automotive assembly plant and began building Corvettes in Bowling Green during June 1981, taking over production from the St. Louis plant.&lt;br/&gt; 

Past models: &lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C3)|Chevrolet Corvette (C3)]] (1981-1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C4)|Chevrolet Corvette (C4)]] (1984-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C5)|Chevrolet Corvette (C5)]] (1997-2004)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C6)|Chevrolet Corvette (C6)]] (2005-2013)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C7)|Chevrolet Corvette (C7)]] (2014-2019)  

[[w:Cadillac XLR|Cadillac XLR]] (2004-2009)&lt;br /&gt;

Performance Build Center relocated from Wixom, MI to Bowling Green Assembly in 2014.&lt;br/&gt; Past engines: [[w:Cadillac twin-turbo V8|Cadillac Blackwing 4.2L LTA twin-turbo V8]],&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT4|LT4 supercharged V8 engine]] for: Chevrolet Corvette Z06 (C7) (2015-2016 models with Z07 package or build your own engine option, 2017-2019 all Z06 models) &amp;&lt;br /&gt; Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 (Gen 6) (phased in during 2020, all '21-'24), Cadillac CT5-V Blackwing '22-'26,&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT5|LT5 supercharged 6.2L Gen V Small Block V8]] ('19 Corvette ZR1)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Brownstown Battery Assembly Plant]]||[[w:Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan|Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan]]||United States||Battery packs for [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C8)|Chevrolet Corvette &lt;br&gt; E-Ray]] &amp; [[w:Cadillac Celestiq|Cadillac Celestiq]]&lt;br /&gt;Electric drive units for Chevrolet Corvette &lt;br&gt; E-Ray&lt;br /&gt;Assembles prototype battery packs||2009||Summer 2027||Located at 20001 Brownstown Center Dr.&lt;br /&gt; Battery packs for [[w:Chevrolet Volt|Chevrolet Volt]], [[w:Holden Volt|Holden Volt]], [[w:Opel Ampera|Opel/Vauxhall Ampera]], [[w:Cadillac ELR|Cadillac ELR]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Spark EV|Chevrolet Spark EV (2015-2016 only - LG Chem cells)]], [[w:GMC Hummer EV|GMC Hummer EV]], &amp; [[w:Cadillac Lyriq|Cadillac Lyriq]] &lt;br /&gt; Roof module for [[w:Cruise AV|Cruise AV]]

 
|- 

|6&lt;br /&gt;9&amp;nbsp;(BrightDrop)||[[w:CAMI Automotive|CAMI Automotive]]||[[w:Ingersoll, Ontario|Ingersoll, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]|| ||1989||2025||Located at 300 Ingersoll St. S. Originally, a 50/50 joint venture with [[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] called Canadian Automotive Manufacturing Inc. or CAMI until December 2009 when GM bought Suzuki's share. Production for Suzuki ended in June 2009. Chevy Equinox production ended April 29, 2022. After being retooled, CAMI reopened December 5, 2022 building the BrightDrop Zevo 600. In July 2023, GM announced a 400,000 square-foot expansion to assemble battery modules and packs. Plant idled in October 2023 and restarted in April 2024. Production was suspended in May 2025. Battery pack assembly also ended in May 2025. On October 21, 2025, GM announced that the BrightDrop van was discontinued and would not resume production anywhere.
Past models: [[w:BrightDrop Zevo 600|BrightDrop Zevo 600]] (2023-2024)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Tom Venetis |date=4 April 2022 |title=GM Canada Electric Vehicle Production in Ontario by the End of 2022 |work=Metroland Media Group |url=http://www.canadianautoworld.ca/industry-news/gm-canada-electric-vehicle-production-in-ontario-by-the-end-of-2022 |access-date=24 April 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;,&lt;br&gt; [[w:BrightDrop Zevo 400|BrightDrop Zevo 400]] (2024),&lt;br&gt;[[w:Chevrolet BrightDrop|Chevrolet BrightDrop 400]] (2025-2026),&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet BrightDrop|Chevrolet BrightDrop 600]] (2025-2026),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Equinox|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2005-2022)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Bryan Bicknell |date=3 March 2022 |title=The finish line draws closer for gas powered vehicles at Ontario CAMI plant |work=CTV News |url=https://london.ctvnews.ca/the-finish-line-draws-closer-for-gas-powered-vehicles-at-ontario-cami-plant-1.5804523 |access-date=17 May 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;, [[w:Pontiac Torrent|Pontiac Torrent]] (2006-09), [[w:GMC Terrain#First generation (2010)|GMC Terrain]] (2010-2017), [[w:Suzuki XL-7#Second generation (XL7; 2006)|Suzuki XL7]] (2007-2009), [[w:Geo Tracker|Geo/Chevrolet Tracker]] (1990-2004),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#Canada|Asuna/Pontiac Sunrunner]] (Canada only) (1992-1998),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Suzuki Vitara#First generation (ET/TA; 1988)|Suzuki Sidekick]] (1990-1998), [[w:Suzuki Grand Vitara|Suzuki Vitara]] (1999-2004), [[w:Geo Metro|Geo/Chevrolet Metro]] (1990-2001), [[w:Geo Metro|Suzuki Swift]] (1991-2001), [[w:Geo Metro|Pontiac Firefly]] (Canada only) (1991, 1994-2001).&lt;br&gt; Also assembled Ultium battery cells into modules and packs for BrightDrop Zevo &amp; other vehicles made elsewhere from 2024-2025.

|- 

|B||[[w:GM Defense|GM Defense]] Manufacturing Customer Innovation Center (MCIC)||[[w:Concord, North Carolina|Concord, North Carolina]]||United States|| [[w:M1301 Infantry Squad Vehicle|M1301 Infantry Squad Vehicle]] (ISV),&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban#HD SUV|Chevrolet Suburban Shield]] (a.k.a. HD SUV) (2024-) ||2021||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 4280 Defender Way. Located next to Hendrick Motorsports, a partner in the ISV program. The ISV program for the US Army is based on the Chevrolet Colorado ZR2. The HD SUV program for the US State Dept. Diplomatic Security Service is based on the T1XX-generation Chevrolet Suburban but with a different chassis and frame to support higher vehicle weight, payload, and GVWR than civilian Suburbans. The Suburban Shield has also been supplied to Qatar for diplomatic security and VIP transport.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Defiance Foundry]]||[[w:Defiance, Ohio|Defiance, Ohio]]||United States||Aluminum engine blocks &amp; heads||1948||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 26427 State Route 281. Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. Iron pouring ended in 2017.  The plant now pours only aluminum blocks and heads. Defiance made the aluminum blocks and heads for the Buick 215 V8. Defiance has also supplied [[w:Toyota|Toyota]] with 4-cylinder engine blocks and [[w:Nissan|Nissan]] with V6 engine blocks.  

|- 

|U||[[w:Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly|Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly]]&lt;br /&gt; &quot;Factory ZERO&quot;||[[w:Hamtramck, Michigan|Hamtramck, Michigan]] &amp; [[w:Detroit, Michigan|Detroit, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GMC Hummer EV|GMC Hummer EV]] pickup (2022-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Hummer EV|GMC Hummer EV]] SUV (2024-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado EV|Chevrolet Silverado EV]] (2024-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sierra EV|GMC Sierra EV]] (2024-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade IQ|Cadillac Escalade IQ]] (2025-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Escalade IQ|Cadillac Escalade IQL]] (2026-)&lt;br /&gt;Assembles Ultium battery cells into modules and packs for a variety of vehicles||1985||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2500 East Grand Blvd. Sometimes called the &quot;Poletown&quot; plant after the Detroit neighborhood where the plant is located. Part of the site was previously the &quot;Dodge Main&quot; plant which opened in 1911 before Dodge was part of the Chrysler Corp. and closed on January 4, 1980. GM bought the closed plant in 1981. Additional land including residential neighborhoods was acquired through the use of eminent domain. The plant straddles the line between 2 cities: Detroit &amp; Hamtramck. The body shop is in Hamtramck while the general assembly area is in Detroit.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2020/10/16/gm-detroit-hamtramck-assembly-plant-renamed-factory-zero/3665925001/|title = GM's Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly plant renamed 'Factory ZERO' amid shift to all-electric|author=Jamie LaReau|publisher=Detroit Free Press|date=October 16, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; The current site includes a 16.5-acre wildlife habitat. Originally built E/K models. First vehicle produced was a 1986 Cadillac Eldorado on February 4, 1985. Also did final assembly on the Cadillac Allante, whose bodies were made in Italy by Pininfarina and were flown to Detroit and then trucked to Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly for final assembly. Started building fwd G-bodies for 1998. The last &lt;br&gt; E-body, the Cadillac Eldorado, was moved to the Lansing Craft Center during 2000. Started building EREVs based on Delta II for 2011. This was followed by the 2nd gen. Volt based on D2XX for 2016. Started building Epsilon-based cars for 2013. Also built the Omega-based Cadillac CT6 flagship, starting with 2016. The last gas-powered vehicles made at this plant were the Cadillac CT6 on January 24, 2020 &amp; the Chevrolet Impala on February 27, 2020. Renamed &quot;Factory ZERO&quot; on October 16, 2020 to reflect its conversion into an electric vehicle assembly plant (zero for zero emissions). First vehicle produced following the conversion was a 2022 GMC Hummer EV pickup on December 17, 2021. Over 4 million vehicles have been built so far since opening in 1985. &lt;br /&gt; Past models:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Toronado#Fourth generation (1986–1992)|Oldsmobile Toronado]] (1986-1992), [[w:Buick Riviera#Seventh generation (1986–1993)|Buick Riviera]] (1986-1993), [[w:Cadillac Eldorado|Cadillac Eldorado]] (1986-2000), [[w:Cadillac Seville|Cadillac Seville]] (1986-2004), [[w:Cadillac Allanté|Cadillac Allanté]] (1987-1993) (final assembly),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Deville|Cadillac Deville]] (1994-2005), [[w:Cadillac DTS|Cadillac DTS]] (2006-2011),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Park Avenue#Second generation (1997–2005)|Buick Park Avenue]] (1998-2000), [[w:Buick LeSabre#Eighth generation (2000–2005)|Buick LeSabre]] (2000-2005), [[w:Buick Lucerne|Buick Lucerne]] (2006-2011), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Tenth generation (2000–2005)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (2004-2005), [[w:Chevrolet Volt|Chevrolet Volt]] (2011-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Volt#Other markets|Holden Volt (RE)]] (2012-2015), [[w:Chevrolet Volt#Opel Ampera (Europe)|Opel/Vauxhall Ampera]] (2012-15), [[w:Cadillac ELR|Cadillac ELR]] (2014, 2016), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu (2013-2015)/Malibu Limited (2016)]], [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Tenth generation (2014-2020)|Chevrolet Impala]] (2014-2020), [[w:Buick LaCrosse#Third generation (2017)|Buick Lacrosse]] (2017-2019), [[w:Cadillac CT6|Cadillac CT6]] (2016-2020)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:DMAX (engines)|DMAX Ltd.]]&lt;br&gt; Moraine Plant||[[w:Moraine, Ohio|Moraine, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Duramax V8 engine|Duramax 6.6L V8 engine]]||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Located on 3100 Dryden Rd. Was a joint venture with [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]]. Originally, was 40% owned by GM &amp; 60% owned by Isuzu. From 2002, 60% owned by GM &amp; 40% owned by Isuzu. GM bought Isuzu's remaining stake in DMAX Ltd. at the end of March 2022 and DMAX Ltd. became a wholly owned subsidiary of GM in May 2022. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:DMAX (engines)|DMAX Ltd.]] Brookville Plant||[[w:Brookville, Ohio|Brookville, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Duramax V8 engine#8.3L Mongoose|8.3L Mongoose Duramax V8]] ||2021||&amp;nbsp;|| Located at 101 W. Campus Blvd. In June 2023, GM announced a $920 million investment to build a 1.1 million square foot building next to the current 251,000 square foot facility in Brookville to take over Duramax V8 engine production from the original plant in Moraine in 2025.&lt;br&gt; Previously:&lt;br&gt; Machined engine components for [[w:Duramax V8 engine|Duramax 6.6L V8 engine]]

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Egypt|GM Egypt]]||[[w:6th of October City|6th of October City]]|| [[w:Egypt|Egypt]]||[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Chevrolet N-Series]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max#Second generation (RT; 2011)|Chevrolet T-Series]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Move#Chevrolet N300/Move|Chevrolet Move]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Third generation (310C; 2023)|Chevrolet Optra]] (2025-)||1985||&amp;nbsp;||Partially owned by GM (46.5%). Produced its 1 millionth vehicle, a Chevrolet T-Series pickup truck, on September 22, 2024. GM Egypt is the first automaker in Egypt to produce &lt;br&gt; 1 million vehicles. &lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Frontera|Chevrolet Frontera]], [[w:Chevrolet Lanos|Chevrolet Lanos]], [[w:Baojun 630|Chevrolet Optra]] (2016-2023), [[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Chevrolet T-Series]], [[w:Isuzu MU#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Isuzu Rodeo]], [[w:Isuzu TF|Isuzu TF-Series]], [[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]], [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa]], [[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]] 

|- 

|F||[[w:Fairfax II|Fairfax II]]||[[w:Kansas City, Kansas|Kansas City, Kansas]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Bolt#Second generation (2026)|Chevrolet Bolt]] (2027)
&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Fourth generation (2025)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (Starting Mid-2027)
||1987||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 3201 Fairfax Trafficway. Replaced original Fairfax Assembly Plant (Fairfax I) for 1988 model year production. Built on the site of the old Fairfax Municipal Airport. Originally built W-body cars. Switched to Epsilon-based cars for 2004. Chevy Malibu ended production in November 2024. Cadillac XT4 ended production in January 2025. Fairfax was then idled for retooling. Production of the updated Bolt electric car began in late 2025. The 2027 Bolt is an updated version of the old Bolt EUV. &lt;br /&gt;Past models:  [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1988-2003), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fifth generation (1988–1997)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1995-1997), [[w:Oldsmobile Intrigue|Oldsmobile Intrigue]] (1998-'02), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Sixth generation (2004)|Chevrolet Malibu (2004-2007)/Malibu Classic (2008)]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Seventh generation (2008)|Chevrolet Malibu (2008-2012)]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu (2013-2015)/Malibu Limited (2016)]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu (2016-2025)]], &lt;br /&gt;  [[w:Saturn Aura|Saturn Aura]] (2007-2009), [[w:Buick LaCrosse#Second generation (2010)|Buick Lacrosse/Allure]] (2010-2016), [[w:Cadillac XT4|Cadillac XT4]] (2019-2025)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint Engine South|Flint Engine South/Flint Engine Operations]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States|| 3.0 [[w:Duramax I6 engine|Duramax I6 engine]], [[w:Generation VI (2027–present)|Gen VI Small-Block V8]]: [[w:#LS6_3|LS6 6.7L V8]], [[w:L76_3|L76 5.7L V8]], [[w:L78|L78 6.6L V8]] ||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2100 Bristol Road. Located just to the south of Flint Truck Assembly and on the east side of Flint Metal Center. &lt;br /&gt;Past engines: [[w:GM Atlas engine|4.2 Atlas I6]], 3.6 [[w:GM High Feature engine|High Feature V6 engine]],&lt;br /&gt; 1.4 [[w:GM Family 0 engine#Generation III|Family 0 I4]] (Cruze, Sonic, Volt/Ampera/ELR generator), [[w:GM small gasoline engine#LFV|GM Small Gasoline Engine]] (LFV 1.5 Turbo I4 - Malibu)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Flint Metal Center]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States|| Sheetmetal stampings for various GM models||1954||&amp;nbsp;||Located at G-2238 Bristol Road. Located just to the south of Flint Truck Assembly and on the west side of Flint Engine South. Metal fabricating plant. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Flint Tool &amp; Die]] (North American Engineering and Tooling Center)||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||Tools &amp; Dies for fabrication &amp; assembly of sheetmetal body parts||1967||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 425 Stevenson St. Was Plant 38 of the &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex. Last remaining manufacturing plant of the old &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex. 

|- 

|F &lt;br/&gt;(1953-present)&lt;br/&gt;&lt;br/&gt; 1 (1947-1952)||[[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (2001-)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado|GMC Sierra]] (2001-)||1947||&amp;nbsp;||Located at G 3100 Van Slyke Road. This plant replaced vehicle production at the older &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex elsewhere in Flint, Michigan and became Chevrolet's new home plant. Began production in June 1947. This is GM's oldest, still active assembly plant in North America. Built all 300 1953 Corvettes on a small makeshift line (1 line for body &amp; 1 for frame/chassis) from June 30 through December 24 in 1953. Built the 50 millionth car built by GM in the US on November 23, 1954. The car was a special gold painted '55 Chevy Bel Air 2-door Sport Coupe with a gold-painted chassis and 716 interior and exterior trim parts plated with 24-carat gold. Last built Chevy full-size cars in 1969. Last built passenger cars in 1970 (the midsize Chevelle &amp; Monte Carlo). The last passenger car built at Flint Assembly was a Monte Carlo on June 24, 1970. At that point, the separate onsite Fisher Body operation (Flint #2) was merged into the Chevrolet operation (the rest of the plant) and the entire plant joined the GM Assembly Division. Since 1971, has only built full-size pickups, full-size SUV's, full-size vans, and medium duty commercial trucks. A new paint shop (Flint Assembly Paint Operations) was announced in December 2013 and opened in 2016, replacing the previous paint shop located inside the assembly plant. The new paint shop is further down Van Slyke Road from the assembly plant at 3848 Van Slyke Road, on the site of the former V8 engine plant that closed in 1999 and was subsequently demolished. Flint Truck Assembly has produced over 15 million vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;Past models:  [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]], [[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]], [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]], [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-69), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-69), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C1)|Chevrolet Corvette (1953 only)]]&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1966, 1970),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970 only),&lt;br&gt;  [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1969-1991), [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|GMC K15 Jimmy]] (1970-91), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1960-1991), [[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1967-91),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair Forward Control]] (1961-1964), &lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|Chevrolet Van/Sportvan]] (1993-1995),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#1992-1996|Chevrolet Van/Sportvan G-Classic]] (1996),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|GMC Vandura/Rally Van]] (1993-1995),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#1992-1996|GMC Vandura/Rally Van G-Classic]] (1996),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|Chevrolet R/V]] (1987-1991), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|GMC R/V]] (1987-1991), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K (GMT400)]] (1995-2000), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra (GMT400)]] (1995-98), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra Classic (GMT400)]] (1999-2000), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|Chevrolet/GMC C3500HD]] (1998-00), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Third generation (2003–2009)|Chevrolet Kodiak/GMC Topkick]] ('03-'09), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Isuzu H-Series|Isuzu H-Series]] (2005-2007), [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet T-Series]] (2004-2009), [[w:GMC T-Series|GMC T-Series]] (2004-2009), [[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] (2004-2009) &lt;br /&gt; 

|- 

|Z||[[w:Fort Wayne Assembly|Fort Wayne Assembly]]||[[w:Roanoke, Indiana|Roanoke, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (1999-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|GMC Sierra]] (1988-)||1986||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 12200 Lafayette Center Rd.&lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1988-1998)

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Fuel Cell System Manufacturing LLC]]||[[w:Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan|Brownstown Charter Township, Michigan]]||United States||Fuel Cell Systems for [[w:Honda CR-V#CR-V e:FCEV|Honda CR-V e:FCEV]] &amp; various other applications by GM &amp; Honda &amp; to outside companies||2024||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 20001 Brownstown Center Dr. Located next to GM's Brownstown Battery Assembly Plant.&lt;br /&gt; A 50/50 joint venture with [[w:Honda|Honda]]. GM &amp; Honda have been co-developing fuel cells since 2013. The manufacturing joint venture was established in January 2017. Production began in January 2024. Production is scheduled to end by the end of 2026.
 
|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Grand Rapids Operations||[[w:Wyoming, Michigan|Wyoming, Michigan]]||United States||Valvetrain products &lt;br /&gt; Axles for full-size trucks ||1943||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2100 Burlingame Avenue SW. Originally established as Diesel Equipment Division of GM. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Delphi Powertrain Systems Grand Rapids); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 1999. 

|- 

|G||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|Gravatai Automotive Industrial Complex]]||[[w:Gravatai|Gravatai]], [[w:Rio Grande do Sul|Rio Grande do Sul]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:Chevrolet Onix|Chevrolet Onix]]&lt;br /&gt; ||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Celta|Chevrolet Celta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Prisma (disambiguation)|Chevrolet Prisma]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.autointell.com/nao_companies/general_motors/gm-manufacturing/blue-macaw-01.htm|title=General Motors: Gravatai Automotive Complex|access-date=2021-09-14 }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN1533675720090715 UPDATE 2-GM to spend $1 bln in Brazil on new family of cars] Retrieved 14 September 2021&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Suzuki Fun|Suzuki Fun]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Joinville]]||[[w:Joinville|Joinville]], [[w:Santa Catarina (state)|Santa Catarina]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.0 &amp; 1.0 Turbo 3-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.2 &amp; 1.2 Turbo 3-cylinder engine]] ||2013||&amp;nbsp;||Past engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine#SPE / 4|1.0L &amp; 1.4L SPE / 4&lt;br /&gt; 4-cylinder engines]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Kokomo Operations&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://plants.gm.com/media/us/en/gm/company_info/facilities/component-fac/kokomo.html|title=GM Corporate Newsroom - United States - Company}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Kokomo, Indiana|Kokomo, Indiana]]||United States||Automotive Electronic Components including Engine Control Modules, Transmission Control Modules, Body Control Modules, &amp; Airbag Sensing Diagnostic Modules||1936||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2603 South Goyer Rd. The site was first used in the 1890's to make cars by [[w:Haynes-Apperson|Haynes-Apperson]] and later by [[w:Haynes Automobile Company|Haynes]] until the company went out of business in 1925. Purchased by GM in 1936 from Crosley Radio Corp., which used the site to make radios for Chevrolet briefly during 1936. Initially run by Delco Remy, the site became a separate GM division called Delco Radio Division in June 1936. Delco Radio made radios for all GM cars as well as other electronic equipment. During WWII, Delco Radio made electronic equipment for the war effort. In 1970, Delco Radio merged with AC Electronics Division of Milwaukee to form [[w:Delco Electronics|Delco Electronics Division]]. On December 31, 1985, General Motors merged Hughes Aircraft, which it had acquired on December 20, 1985, with its Delco Electronics unit to form Hughes Electronics Corporation, an independent subsidiary. The group then consisted of Delco Electronics Corporation and Hughes Aircraft Company. In 1997, GM transferred Delco Electronics to its Delphi Automotive Systems business. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Delco Electronics and Safety); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 2009. 

|-

| ||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]] - Boryeong plant||[[w:Boryeong|Boryeong]], [[w:South Chungcheong Province|South Chungcheong Province]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||Automatic Transmissions||2008||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM 6T40 transmission|GM 6T40 transmission]] (GF6) 

|- 

|B&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;0 ('07-'08 Antara)||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]] - Bupyeong plant||[[w:Bupyeong-gu|Bupyeong District]], [[w:Incheon|Incheon]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Buick Encore GX|Buick Encore GX]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Buick Envista|Buick Envista]] 

 
Engines: [[w:GM Family 0 engine|GM Family 0 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.3L Turbo 3-cylinder engine]] 

|1962&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br/&gt;1971 (engine plant)||&amp;nbsp;||Bupyeong has 2 vehicle assembly plants and a powertrain plant. The Bupyeong 2 Assembly Plant ended production on November 26, 2022. Bupyeong 2 was last producing the Chevrolet Malibu and Trax and Buick Encore.&lt;br /&gt;Past models : [[w:Chevrolet Aveo|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Sonic|Chevrolet Sonic]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Evanda|Chevrolet Evanda]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax#First generation (U200; 2013)|Chevrolet Trax]]&lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Buick Encore#First generation (2013)|Buick Encore]]&lt;br /&gt; 


[[w:Buick LaCrosse#Korean market: Alpheon|Alpheon]] 
 

[[w:Daewoo LeMans|Daewoo LeMans]], [[w:Daewoo Cielo|Daewoo Cielo]], [[w:Daewoo Espero|Daewoo Espero]], [[w:Daewoo Lanos|Daewoo Lanos]], [[w:Daewoo Leganza|Daewoo Leganza]], [[w:Daewoo Magnus|Daewoo Magnus]], [[w:Daewoo Tosca|Daewoo Tosca]], [[w:Daewoo Kalos|Daewoo Kalos]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)#T250|Daewoo Gentra]], [[w:Daewoo Winstorm|Daewoo Winstorm]] 
 

[[w:Holden Barina#Fifth generation (TK; 2005–2011)|Holden Barina (TK)]], [[w:Holden Barina#Sixth generation (TM; 2011–2018)|Holden Barina (TM)]], [[w:Opel Antara|Holden Captiva MaXX/Captiva 5]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Holden Captiva/Captiva 7]], [[w:Holden Epica|Holden Epica (EP)]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Holden Malibu (EM)]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax#First generation (U200; 2013)|Holden Trax (TJ)]] &lt;br /&gt;  
 

[[w:Opel Antara|GMC Terrain (Middle East only)]] &lt;br /&gt;  

[[w:Opel Mokka#First generation (J13; 2012)|Opel/Vauxhall Mokka]], [[w:Opel Antara|Opel/Vauxhall Antara]]&lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Pontiac LeMans#Sixth generation (1988–1993)|Pontiac LeMans]], [[w:Pontiac Wave|Pontiac Wave]], [[w:Pontiac G3|Pontiac G3]] &lt;br /&gt; 

[[w:Suzuki Swift+|Suzuki Swift+]] (Canada only), [[w:Suzuki Verona|Suzuki Verona]] 

 
Past engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 engine]]  

|- 

|C||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]] - Changwon plant||[[w:Changwon|Changwon]], [[w:Gyeongsang Province|Gyeongsang Province]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||[[w:Chevrolet Trax#Second generation (2023)|Chevrolet Trax]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:GM small gasoline engine|GM small gasoline engine]] LV7, LE2&lt;br/&gt;Manual transmissions 

|1991||&amp;nbsp;||Past models: [[w:Daewoo Damas|Damas]], [[w:Daewoo Labo|Labo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Matiz|Daewoo Matiz]], [[w:Daewoo Tico|Daewoo Tico]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Karl|Opel Karl]]/[[w:Vauxhall Viva#Name revival|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac G2#Second generation (M200, M250; 2005)|Pontiac G2]], [[w:Pontiac Matiz#M150 (2000–2005)|Pontiac Matiz]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spark|Chevrolet Spark]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Spark EV|Chevrolet Spark EV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Spark#Australasia|Holden Barina Spark (MJ)]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Holden Spark|Holden Spark (MP)]]

 
Past engines: [[w:Daewoo S-TEC engine#S-TEC II|Daewoo S-TEC II]] 

|-

|J||[[w:Lansing Delta Township Assembly|Lansing Delta Township Assembly]]||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Traverse|Chevrolet Traverse]] (2010-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Enclave|Buick Enclave]] (2008-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Acadia#Third generation (2024)|GMC Acadia]] (2024-)||2006||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 8175 Millett Hwy. Originally opened to build Lambda-based crossovers. Switched to C1XX-based models for 2018. &lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Saturn Outlook|Saturn Outlook]] (2007-2010),&lt;br&gt;[[w:GMC Acadia#First generation (2007)|GMC Acadia]] (2007-2016), [[w:GMC Acadia#Acadia Limited|GMC Acadia Limited]] (2017), &lt;br&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Traverse#Second generation (2018)|Chevrolet Traverse Limited]] (2024)

|- 

|0||[[w:Lansing Grand River Assembly|Lansing Grand River Assembly]]/Stamping||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac CT5|Cadillac CT5]] (2020-2026)||2001||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 920 Townsend Street. Stamping plant added in 2016. This newly constructed plant was built on the grounds of the former Oldsmobile home plant complex in Lansing. The former Oldsmobile HQ building (&quot;Building 70&quot;) is still standing and still has &quot;Oldsmobile Administration Center&quot; carved into the marble barrier in front of the flagpole between the 2 stairways. Building 70 was Oldsmobile HQ from 1966-1996, when Oldsmobile HQ moved to Detroit. Building 70 is now vacant but the exterior is often used by GM for large ads that are wrapped around the side of the building on the corner of Townsend St. and William St. Originally opened to build vehicles on the Sigma platform. Started building vehicles on the Alpha platform for 2013.&lt;br /&gt; Past models: &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CTS|Cadillac CTS]] (2003-2019), [[w:Cadillac SRX#First generation (2004)|Cadillac SRX]] (2004-2009), [[w:Cadillac STS|Cadillac STS]] (2005-2011), [[w:Cadillac ATS|Cadillac ATS]] (2013-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (sixth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (2016-2024), [[w:Cadillac CT4|Cadillac CT4]] (2020-2026)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Lansing Regional Stamping]] (LRS)||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||2004|| ||Located within the Lansing Delta Assembly complex.  

|- 

|||[[w:Lansing Service Parts Operation|Lansing Redistribution Center]] (SPO)||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1960|| ||Located at 4400 West Mount Hope Road. Previously Lansing Plant 4. Now called Lansing Redistribution Center, part of GM Customer Care and Aftersales.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Lockport Operations]]||[[w:Lockport, NY|Lockport, NY]]||United States||Thermal products (climate control systems, powertrain cooling systems) and stators for EV motors.||1914||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 200 Upper Mountain Road. Founded in 1910 as the Harrison Radiator Company. Acquired by United Motors in 1916 which was then acquired by GM in 1918. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Harrison Thermal Systems); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 2009. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Marion Metal Center]]||[[w:Marion, Indiana|Marion, Indiana]]||United States||Sheetmetal stamped parts &amp; blanks for various GM models||1956||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2400 West Second St. Metal fabricating. Originally a Fisher Body division plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Mogi das Cruzes]]||[[w:Mogi das Cruzes|Mogi das Cruzes]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo state]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||Stampings for new &amp; replacement parts||1999||&amp;nbsp;||Stamping plant 

|-

|4||[[w:Orion Assembly|Orion Assembly]]||[[w:Orion Township, Michigan|Orion Township, Michigan]]||United States||Assembly of Battery packs for EVs:&lt;br&gt; Silverado EV, Sierra EV, Hummer EV, and Escalade IQ&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;Scheduled for Early 2027:
[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Fifth-generation Silverado / sixth-generation Sierra (2026)|Chevrolet Silverado]] 1500 (2027-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sierra#Fifth-generation Silverado / sixth-generation Sierra (2026)|GMC Sierra]] 1500 (2027-) 
||1983||idled 2009; reopened 2011; idled 2023||Located at 4555 Giddings Road. Originally opened to build the 1985 Fwd C-bodies. Began building Fwd H-bodies for 1994. Began building Fwd G-bodies for 1995. On June 18, 2004, production of the Buick LeSabre &amp; Park Ave., the last 2 models built at Orion Assembly, ended. Plant was then converted from building full-size cars to midsize cars for 2005, beginning with the Pontiac G6. Idled during 2009 as part of GM's bankruptcy. Reopened in 2011 with the help of govt. incentives &amp; special agreement with the UAW to build the Chevy Sonic subcompact. Later added the Buick Verano compact car. In 2016, began building the Chevy Bolt EV, which was joined in 2021 by the slightly larger Bolt EUV. Idled in 2023 when both Bolts were discontinued. In late summer 2024, Orion Assembly began assembling battery cells supplied by Ultium Cells LLC in Warren, OH into packs which are then supplied to the Factory Zero plant for installation into the electric trucks &amp; SUVs made there. Orion was going to be converted to building electric trucks, supplementing Factory Zero's production of Silverado EV &amp; Sierra EV but that plan was postponed and later cancelled. In 2025, a new plan was announced for Orion to build fuel-powered Silverado &amp; Sierra 1500 pickups &amp; Escalade SUVs beginning in 2027.&lt;br&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Bolt EV|Chevrolet Bolt EV]] (2017-2023), [[w:Chevrolet Bolt EUV|Chevrolet &lt;br&gt; Bolt EUV]] (2022-2023), [[w:Cruise AV|Cruise AV]], [[w:Chevrolet Bolt#European countries|Opel Ampera-e]] (2017-19),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Sonic|Chevrolet Sonic]] (2012-2020), [[w:Buick Verano#First generation (2011)|Buick Verano]] (2012-2017), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Seventh generation (2008)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (2008-2010), [[w:Pontiac G6|Pontiac G6]] (2005-2010),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Riviera#Eighth generation (1995–1999)|Buick Riviera]] (1995-1999), [[w:Oldsmobile Aurora|Oldsmobile Aurora]] (1995-2003),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Park Avenue#Second generation (1997-2005)|Buick Park Avenue]] (1997-2005), [[w:Buick LeSabre#Eighth generation (2000–2005)|Buick LeSabre]] (2000-2005), [[w:Cadillac de Ville series#Sixth generation (1985–1993)|Cadillac DeVille]] (1985-1993), [[w:Cadillac Fleetwood#Front-wheel drive: 1985–1993|Cadillac Fleetwood]] (1985-1992), [[w:Cadillac Sixty Special#1987–1993|Cadillac Sixty Special]] (1989-1993), [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Tenth generation (1992–1999)|Oldsmobile 88]] (1994-99), [[w:Oldsmobile LSS|Oldsmobile LSS]] (1996-1999), [[w:Oldsmobile Regency|Oldsmobile Regency]] (1997-98), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#Eleventh generation (1985–1990)|Oldsmobile 98]] (1985-1990), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#Twelfth generation (1991–1996)|Oldsmobile 98]] (1991-1996), [[w:Oldsmobile Touring Sedan|Oldsmobile Touring Sedan]] (1988-1990),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Ninth generation (1992–1999)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1994-1998), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Tenth generation (2000–2005)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (2000-03)

|- 

|1 (2022-)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1 (Line 2 a.k.a. Consolidated Line)&lt;br&gt; (1984-2019)&lt;br&gt;/&lt;br /&gt;9 (Line 1 a.k.a. Flex Line)&lt;br&gt; (1984-2020)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1 (1967-1983)||[[w:Oshawa Car Assembly|Oshawa Car Assembly]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Fourth-generation Silverado / fifth-generation Sierra (T1XX; 2019)|Chevrolet Silverado HD]] (2022-)||1953||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 900 Park Rd South.&lt;br /&gt; 
Past models: [[w:Cadillac XTS|Cadillac XTS]] (2013-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1985, 2000-2020), [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Impala Limited (2014–2016)|Chevrolet Impala Limited]] (2014-2016), [[w:Chevrolet Lumina|Chevrolet Lumina]] (1990-2001), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1995-2007), [[w:Buick Century#Sixth generation (1997–2005)|Buick Century]] (1997-2005), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1988-2004, 2011-2017), [[w:Buick LaCrosse#First generation (2005)|Buick LaCrosse/Allure]] (2005-2009), [[w:Buick Special#1949–1958|Buick Special]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1966), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1966), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1954-1966), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1954-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1954-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1955-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1975), [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (fifth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (2010-2015), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1985), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2011-2017), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]] (1962-1967),&lt;br&gt; [[w:General Motors A platform (1925)#1964|A-body (rwd) cars]]: [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1977)/[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1983)/[[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1971-1981)/ [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]]/[[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]]/[[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1971, 1973-1981)/[[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1970)/[[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]]/[[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:General Motors A platform (1982)|A-body (fwd) cars]]: [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1987)/[[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1982-1988)/[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1985-1988),&lt;br&gt;  [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Sixth generation (1977–1981)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1977-1981), [[w:Pontiac Catalina#1977–1981|Pontiac Catalina]] (1977-1981), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Eighth generation (2004–2008)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (2004-2008), [[w:Pontiac Catalina#Canada and Canadian exports|Pontiac Laurentian]] (1954-1981), [[w:Pontiac Parisienne|Pontiac Parisienne]] (1958-1984, US: 1983-1984), [[w:Pontiac Pathfinder|Pontiac Pathfinder]] (1954-1958), [[w:Pontiac Catalina#Canada and Canadian exports|Pontiac Strato Chief]] (1958-1970), [[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (1962-1967), [[w:Beaumont (automobile)|Beaumont]] (1966-1969),  [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Third-generation Silverado / fourth-generation Sierra (K2XX; 2014)|Chevrolet Silverado 1500 LD/2500HD]] (2019),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Third-generation Silverado / fourth-generation Sierra (K2XX; 2014)|GMC Sierra 1500 Limited/2500HD]] (2019),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Fourth-generation Silverado / fifth-generation Sierra (T1XX; 2019)|Chevrolet Silverado 1500]] (2022-2026). &lt;br /&gt; 

VIN code 1 (1984-2019): Chevrolet Celebrity (1984-1987), Pontiac 6000 (1984-1985), Buick Regal (1988-2004), Chevrolet Lumina 4-d (1990-2001), Buick Century (1997-05), Pontiac Grand Prix (2004-2008), Buick LaCrosse/Allure (2005-2009), Chevrolet Impala (2008-2013), Chevrolet&lt;br /&gt; Impala Limited (2014-2016), Chevrolet Equinox (2011-2017), Chevrolet Silverado 1500 LD/2500HD (2019),&lt;br /&gt; GMC Sierra 1500 Limited/2500HD (2019)

VIN code 9: Chevrolet Impala (1984-1985), Chevrolet Caprice (1984-1985), Pontiac Parisienne (1984), Pontiac 6000 (1985-1988), Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera (1985-1988), Chevrolet Lumina 4-d (1990-1999),  Chevrolet Lumina 2-d (1990-1994), Chevrolet Monte Carlo (1995-07), Chevrolet Impala (2000-08), Chevrolet Camaro (2010-2015), Buick Regal (2011-2017), Cadillac XTS (2013-2019), Chevrolet Impala (2014-2020) 

The current Oshawa complex (South plant; also known as Autoplex beginning in the 1980's) opened on November 7, 1953. The passenger car assembly plant had 2 assembly lines.  Operations were gradually moved from the older North plant to the newer South plant. Originally built Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, and Buick models. However, Oldsmobile production ended in 1969 and Buick production ended in 1971. Oldsmobile production resumed with the '85 Cutlass Ciera while Buick production resumed with the '88 Regal. Oldsmobile production again ended in 1988 while Buick production continued through 2017 with a temporary hiatus in 2009-2010 calendar years. Pontiac production at Oshawa ended after 1988; only resuming in 2003 for the '04 Grand Prix. Pontiac production at Oshawa ended for good in 2008. Cadillac production began at the Oshawa South plant for the first time in 2012 with the 2013 XTS. Full-size pickups were built on Line 2 for 2019. This was the first time that pickups were built on one of Oshawa's passenger car assembly lines and the first time that pickups were made in Oshawa since Oshawa Truck closed in 2009. The last XTS was built on Sept. 10, 2019, the last Oshawa-built Impala on Oct. 25, 2019, &amp; the last pickups on Dec. 18, 2019. Vehicle production at the South plant ended in 2019; plant will be transformed for stamping and production of body panels and subassemblies. Restart of vehicle production announced in Nov. 2020 - Truck production started in late 2021 with Silverado HD followed by the Silverado 1500 in 2022. Oshawa is now the only plant producing both Silverado 1500 &amp; Silverado HD.

Oshawa also produced face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic starting in 2020.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Oshawa Metal|Oshawa Metal]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||Stamped metal parts for new production and for service parts||1986||&amp;nbsp;||Part of the overall Oshawa Assembly complex (Autoplex) on Park Road South. Located at 1000 Park Road South. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Parma Metal Center|Parma Metal Center]]||[[w:Parma, Ohio|Parma, Ohio]]||United States||Sheetmetal stampings &amp; assemblies for various GM models||1948||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 5400 Chevrolet Blvd.&lt;br /&gt; Metal fabricating 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Pontiac Metal Center]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Sheetmetal stampings &amp; assemblies for various GM models||1926||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 260 E. Beverly Ave.&lt;br /&gt;Metal fabricating&lt;br /&gt;Originally, an [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland Motor Car]] plant. Last remaining manufacturing plant of the original Pontiac Assembly complex, which was Pontiac's home plant. 

|-

|S||[[w:Ramos Arizpe Assembly|Ramos Arizpe Assembly]]||[[w:Ramos Arizpe|Ramos Arizpe]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Blazer EV|Chevrolet Blazer EV]] (2024-) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Equinox EV|Chevrolet Equinox EV]] (2024-) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Optiq|Cadillac Optiq EV]] (2025-) ||1981||&amp;nbsp;||Ramos Arizpe opened building 4 Chevrolet models for the Mexican market: Citation, Celebrity, Malibu, and Monte Carlo. The 1985 El Camino &amp; Caballero were the first Mexican-built GM models to be sold in the US. GM began exporting the Celebrity to the US for 1987 followed by the Buick Century for 1989. GM began exporting the Chevy Cavalier to the US for 1991 followed by the Pontiac Sunbird for 1993, which was replaced by the Sunfire for 1995. Stamping plant added in 1995 and a paint shop added in 1997. The plant was expanded to add a 2nd assembly line to build the Pontiac Aztek for 2001, followed by the Buick Rendezvous for 2002. The 2nd line was also used to build the Chevy HHR, Saturn Vue, Chevy Captiva Sport, Cadillac SRX, &amp; Saab 9-4X. Some 2nd gen. Chevy Cruze sedans made at Ramos Arizpe were sold in the US for the '16-'17 model years. All 2nd gen. Chevy Cruze 5-d hatchbacks ('17-'19) were made in Ramos Arizpe. All Chevy Cruze production at Ramos Arizpe ended in &lt;br&gt; Dec. 2018. The Cruze was the last passenger car made at Ramos Arizpe. A new paint shop was added in 2021, replacing the original from 1997. EV production began in 2023.&lt;br /&gt;Past Models: &lt;br&gt; Mexico or Latin America only: [[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1982-1986), [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1986), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo#Fourth generation (1981–1988)|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1981-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Chevrolet Cutlass (Mexico only)]], [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Chevrolet Century (Mexico only)]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevy|Chevrolet Chevy]] (Mexico: 1995-2012), [[w:Chevrolet Captiva Sport|Chevrolet Captiva Sport]] (2008-2017), [[w:Chevrolet Sonic|Chevrolet Sonic]] (Mexico: 2012-2017).&lt;br&gt; Export to US: [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1985-1987), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1985-1987), [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (US: 1987-1989), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1989-1994), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1991-2004), [[w:Pontiac Sunbird#Second generation (1982–1988)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1993-1994), [[w:Pontiac Sunfire|Pontiac Sunfire]] (1995-2005), [[w:Pontiac Aztek|Pontiac Aztek]] (2001-2005), [[w:Buick Rendezvous|Buick Rendezvous]] (2002-2007), [[w:Chevrolet HHR|Chevrolet HHR]] (2006-2011), [[w:Saturn Vue#Second generation (2008)|Saturn Vue]] (2008-2010), [[w:Chevrolet Captiva Sport|Chevrolet Captiva Sport]] (US: 2012-2015),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac SRX#Second generation (2010)|Cadillac SRX]] (2010-2016), [[w:Saab 9-4X|Saab 9-4X]] (2011),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#Second generation (J400)|Chevrolet Cruze]] (2016-2019), [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Third generation (2018)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2018-2024), [[w:Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (2019-2026), [[w:Honda Prologue|Honda Prologue EV]] (2024-26).&lt;br&gt; Export to Australia/New Zealand:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Holden Equinox|Holden Equinox (EQ)]] (2018-2020)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Ramos Arizpe Engine||[[w:Ramos Arizpe|Ramos Arizpe]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.2L Turbo 3-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V Small Block V8 &amp; V6]]||1982||&amp;nbsp;||Past engines: [[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine|Chevrolet 60° V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM High Value engine|GM High Value V6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM High Feature engine|GM High Feature V6]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Ramos Arizpe Transmission||[[w:Ramos Arizpe|Ramos Arizpe]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||VT40 (CVT250) [[w:Continuously variable transmission|CVT]] transmission ||1999||&amp;nbsp;||Past transmissions: [[w:GM 4L60-E transmission|4L60-E/4L65-E 4-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission|6T70/6T75 6-speed automatic (GF6)]]&lt;br /&gt;4ET50 EVT (for [[w:Chevrolet Volt|Chevrolet Volt]])&lt;br /&gt;4ET55 EVT (for [[w:Cadillac ELR|Cadillac ELR]]) 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Rochester Products Division|Rochester Operations]]||[[w:Rochester, NY|Rochester, NY]]||United States||Chevrolet, GMC, Cadillac, and Buick Components - Engine management systems, fuel injection systems, and related products. ||1939||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1000 Lexington Avenue. Founded in 1908 as the Rochester Coil Company. Renamed North East Electric Company in 1909. Acquired by GM in 1929. In 1930, merged with Delco-Light Co. to become Delco Appliance. A planned, second Delco Appliance plant on Lexington Ave. in Rochester instead became the Rochester Products Division of GM in 1939. This division made carburetors, fuel injection systems, &amp; other fuel system equipment. During WWII, it made warplane and tank electrical accessories. In 1981, Rochester Products Division merged with GM's Diesel Equipment Division of Grand Rapids, Michigan retaining the Rochester Products Division name. On August 30, 1988, Rochester Products Division merged with GM's AC Spark Plug Division to form the AC Rochester Division. The Grand Rapids-based diesel fuel-injection business of the former Diesel Equipment Division was sold on August 26 to a joint venture of G.M. and the Penske Corporation called Diesel Technology Corporation (80% Penske, 20% Detroit Diesel, itself a joint venture between Penske &amp; GM). Robert Bosch invested in Diesel Technology Corporation in 1992, eventually taking over the whole company by 2002. AC Rochester merged with parts of Delco Remy (the parts not spun off into Remy International) in 1994 to form AC Delco Systems. AC Delco Systems became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999 (Rochester Powertrain); taken back under [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] bankruptcy and made part of [[w:General Motors Components Holdings|General Motors Components Holdings]] in 2009. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Romulus Engine|Romulus Engine]]||[[w:Romulus, Michigan|Romulus, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GM High Feature engine#Fourth generation|Gen4 High Feature V6]] 

||1976||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 36880 Ecorse Road. Originally part of GM's Detroit Diesel Allison Division where it built diesel engines and components. Switched to gasoline engines in the 1980's.&lt;br /&gt; Past engines: [[w:Chevrolet 90° V6 engine|Chevrolet 90° V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation III (1997–2007)|Gen III Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine#Generation IV (2005–2020)|Gen IV Small Block V8]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Romulus Engine|Romulus Transmission]]||[[w:Romulus, Michigan|Romulus, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:&quot;Ford-GM 10-speed automatic transmission#General Motors|10L80/90 Transmission]]||1995||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 36880 Ecorse Road.&lt;br /&gt;Past transmissions: [[w:GM 4L60-E transmission|GM 4L60-E transmission]] 

|-

|R||Rosario||[[w:Alvear, Santa Fe|Alvear]], [[w:Rosario Department|Rosario Department]], [[w:Santa Fe Province|Santa Fe Province]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]] 

 
Engines: [[w:GM small gasoline engine#LE2|1.4L Turbo I4 LE2]] 

||1997||&amp;nbsp;||Engine plant added in 2016.  

Past Models: 

[[w:Chevrolet Cruze#Second generation (J400)|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa C]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B|Chevrolet Corsa B/Corsa Classic/Classic]], [[w:Chevrolet Agile|Chevrolet Agile]]&lt;br /&gt; and [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#Second generation|Suzuki Grand Vitara/Chevrolet Tracker]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Saginaw Metal Casting Operations|Saginaw Metal Casting Operations]]||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Metal casting for powertrains (High Feature V6 engine): engine blocks, heads, and crankshafts&lt;br/&gt;Front 4WD axle assembly castings||1919||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1629 N. Washington Avenue. Originally the Grey Iron Foundry, a part of General Motors Saginaw Products Co. and renamed as Chevrolet Saginaw Grey Iron Foundry when transferred to Chevrolet Motor Division in 1927. Moved to Central Foundry Division in 1983. Joins GM Powertrain Division in 1991. Renamed Saginaw Metal Casting Operations in 1994 to reflect that it now pours aluminum. First production aluminum heads produced in 1995. Over the years, it has produced both cast iron and cast aluminum engine blocks for the Chevy Small-Block V8. 

|-

|L||[[w:San Luis Potosí Assembly|San Luis Potosí Assembly]]||[[w:San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Fourth generation (2025)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2025-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Terrain#Third generation (2025)|GMC Terrain]] (2025-)||2008||&amp;nbsp;||Note: Aveo &amp; G3 made in San Luis Potosi were not sold in the US but they were sold in Canada. Onix was not sold in the US or Canada. 2013-2014 Trax was sold in Canada &amp; Mexico but not in the US.&lt;br&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo (T250)]] (2009-2018)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac G3|Pontiac G3/G3 Wave]] (2009-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]] (2020-2022)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trax#First generation (U200; 2013)|Chevrolet Trax]] (2013-2020)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Third generation (2018)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2018-2024)&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/mid/home/displayfile/7c659360-416a-4e96-ae38-0b69d916c106|title=GM Vehicle Identification Numbering Standard - 2021 - United States and Canada|date=August 14, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Terrain#Second generation (2018)|GMC Terrain]] (2018-2024)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||San Luis Potosí Transmission||[[w:San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí|San Luis Potosí]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||FWD GF9 9 Speed Transmissions||2009||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission|GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission]] 6T40/45 (GF6) 

|-

|B||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|São Caetano do Sul Assembly]]||[[w:São Caetano do Sul|São Caetano do Sul]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]|| [[w:Chevrolet Montana#Third generation (2022)|Chevrolet Montana]] &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spin|Chevrolet Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]]&lt;br /&gt; ||1930||&amp;nbsp;||Past Models: [[w:Opel Astra#G|Chevrolet Astra]], [[w:Opel Astra#H |Chevrolet Vectra/Vectra GT]] (both until 2011), [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1985–1996|Chevrolet Bonanza]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1964–1984|Chevrolet C-10/C-14/C-15/Chevy 4/D-10/A-10]], [[w:Chevrolet D-20|Chevrolet A-10/C-10/A-20/C-20/D-20]], Chevrolet A40/D40, [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Comodoro|Chevrolet Comodoro]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Chevrolet Corsa B]], [[w:Chevrolet Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa Classic]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Chevrolet Diplomata|Chevrolet Diplomata]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix|Chevrolet Joy]], [[w:Chevrolet Kadett|Chevrolet Kadett]] 1996-1998, [[w:Chevrolet Montana#Second generation (2011–2021)|Chevrolet Montana]], [[w:Opel Ascona#Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]], [[w:Chevrolet Omega#Omega A|Chevrolet Omega A]], [[w:Chevrolet Opala|Chevrolet Opala]], [[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Chevrolet Vectra A]], [[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Chevrolet Vectra B]], [[w:Chevrolet Veraneio|Chevrolet C-1416/Veraneio]], Chevrolet 3100/Brasil/Amazona/Alvorada/Corisco, Chevrolet 6500, Chevrolet C64/C65/C68/D64/D65/D68/D74/D75/D78,&lt;br&gt; Bus bodies, Frigidaire appliances 

|- 

|C||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|São José dos Campos Assembly]]||[[w:São José dos Campos|São José dos Campos]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]|| 

[[w:Chevrolet S-10#Third generation (2012)|Chevrolet S-10]]&lt;br/&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#Second generation (RG; 2011)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]] 

 
Engines:&lt;br/&gt; 2.8L turbodiesel &lt;br&gt; 4-cylinder engines&lt;br /&gt;

Transmissions 

|1959||&amp;nbsp;||Supplied 1.8L &amp; 2.0L SOHC Family II I4 engines to the US from 1982-1994. &lt;br /&gt;Past Models: [[w:Chevrolet Montana#First generation (2003–2010)|Chevrolet Montana]]&lt;br /&gt;  [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa C]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa Sedan C]], [[w:Opel Meriva#First generation (2003)|Chevrolet Meriva]], [[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999–2006)|Chevrolet Zafira]] (all until 2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevette|Chevrolet Chevette]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Chevy 500|Chevrolet Chevy 500]], [[w:Chevrolet Kadett|Chevrolet Kadett]] 1989-1996, [[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|Chevrolet S-10]],  [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1997–2002|Chevrolet Silverado D20]], Chevrolet 11000/12000/14000/22000, [[w:GMC Chevette|GMC Chevette]], [[w:GMC Chevette|GMC 500]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K#1997–2002|GMC 6-100/6-150/3500HD]], [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Second generation (1990–2002)|GMC 12-170/14-190/16-220]], [[w:Isuzu Forward|GMC 15-190]] 

Engines including: [[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine#261|Chevrolet Jobmaster 261 I6]], [[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine#Brazil|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder]], [[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine]], [[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 engine]], [[w:GM Family II engine|GM Family II engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Detroit Diesel Series 53&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions  

|-

|G||[[Silao Assembly]]||[[w:Silao, Mexico|Silao]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (2006-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|GMC Sierra]] (2006-), Chevrolet Cheyenne (Mexico)||1995||&amp;nbsp;|| Stamping plant added in 1997. Began by building full-size SUVs for 1995. Was the sole assembler of GM's full-size SUTs. Began building full-size pickups for 2006. Full-size SUV production moved entirely to Arlington Assembly after the 2009 model year.&lt;br&gt; Past production models: [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1995-2009), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Eighth generation (1992)|GMC Suburban]] (1995-1999), [[w:GMC Yukon XL|GMC Yukon XL]] (2000-2006), [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Second generation (2002)|Cadillac Escalade ESV]] (2003-2006),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Suburban (eighth generation)#Holden Suburban|Holden Suburban (K8)]] (1998-2001),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Avalanche|Chevrolet Avalanche]] (2002-2013),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Escalade EXT|Cadillac Escalade EXT]] (2002-2013)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Silao Engine||[[w:Silao, Mexico|Silao]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V Small Block V8]]||2001||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation IV (2005–2020)|Gen IV Small Block V8]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Silao Transmission||[[w:Silao, Mexico|Silao]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:GM 8L45 transmission|8L45]], [[w:GM 8L90 transmission|8L90]], [[w:Ford-GM 10-speed automatic transmission|10L80]]||2008||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L50]], [[w:GM 6L80 transmission|6L80/90]] 

|-

|Z,&lt;br /&gt;S (Traverse &amp; Vue)||[[w:Spring Hill Manufacturing|Spring Hill Manufacturing]]||[[w:Spring Hill, Tennessee|Spring Hill, Tennessee]]||United States||&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Cadillac XT5|Cadillac XT5]]&lt;br&gt; (2017-2026)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Lyriq|Cadillac Lyriq]] (2023-) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Vistiq|Cadillac Vistiq]] (2026-) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (Starting 2027) &lt;br /&gt; &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM small gasoline engine#1.5|1.5L Turbo I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Ecotec engine#Generation III|Ecotec Gen III 2.0L Turbo I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM L3B engine|2.7L L3B turbo I4]]&lt;br /&gt;5.3 &amp; 6.2 [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V &lt;br /&gt;Small-Block V8 Engine]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Stamping&lt;br /&gt;Components||1990||2009-2012||Located at 100 Saturn Parkway. The original home of the [[w:Saturn Corporation|Saturn]] brand. Originally, Saturn built everything here - all its vehicles, engines, transmissions, stampings, and components. But, gradually, Saturn production was broadened to other plants and by 2007, Saturn production in Spring Hill had ended. Spring Hill made products for other GM brands and has continued to do so since Saturn was closed down during GM's bankruptcy. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Saturn S-Series|Saturn S-Series]] (1991-2002), [[w:Saturn Ion|Saturn Ion]] (2003-2007), [[w:Saturn Vue#First generation (2002)|Saturn Vue]] (2002-2007), [[w:Chevrolet Traverse#First generation (2009)|Chevrolet Traverse]] (2009-2010), [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Equinox]] (2013-2016), [[w:GMC Acadia#Second generation (2017)|GMC Acadia]] (2017-2023), [[w:Holden Acadia|Holden Acadia (AC)]], [[w:Cadillac XT6|Cadillac XT6]] (2020-2025),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Acura ZDX#Second generation (2024)|Acura ZDX EV]] (2024).&lt;br /&gt;  


Past Engines: [[w:Saturn I4 engine|Saturn I4 engine]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.4|Ecotec Gen II 2.4L I4]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:GM Ecotec engine#LHU (A20NFT Opel)|Ecotec Gen II LHU 2.0L Turbo I4]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#Generation III|Ecotec Gen III 2.5L I4]] &lt;br /&gt;  
 

[[w:Saturn MP transmission|Saturn MP series manual and automatic transmissions]] Transmission production in Spring Hill ended in 2002.  
 

Ion production ended March 28, 2007 and was replaced by the Belgian-built Astra for the 2008 model year. Vue production ended March 30, 2007 and moved to Mexico for the 2008 model year. Assembly was idled for more than a year beginning April 1, 2007 for conversion to Chevy Traverse production. Traverse production began September 2, 2008. Assembly idled in November 2009 when Chevy Traverse production was moved to Lansing Delta Township Assembly. Assembly reopened in September 2012&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/18/business/general-motors-said-to-offer-bonuses-in-new-deal-with-workers.html | work=The New York Times | author1=Bill Vlasic | author2=Nick Bunkley | title=G.M. Will Offer Bonuses in New Deal With Workers | date=September 17, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt; to produce the [[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Equinox]].  

 
Spring Hill also includes a plastic injection molding operation that produce various plastic components. Plastic components have also been produced for models not built in Spring Hill such as [[w:Chevrolet Traverse|Chevrolet Traverse]] and the [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C7)|Chevrolet Corvette (C7)]].

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:St. Catharines Engine Plant|St. Catharines Propulsion Plant]]||[[w:St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation V (2013–present)|Gen V Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;Engine components||1954||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 570 Glendale Avenue. Operated as part of GM subsidiary McKinnon Industries, Ltd. until 1969 when it became &quot;General Motors of Canada Limited, St. Catharines&quot;. The Tremec TR-9080 8-speed dual clutch transmission used in the C8 Corvette was built by GM at St. Catharines under license from Tremec from the beginning of 2022 model year production through the end of the 2024 calendar year. It then moved to a Tremec plant in Michigan.&lt;br /&gt;Previously:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift I6 engine]] (1963-1967)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile V8 engine|Oldsmobile Rocket V8 engine]] (through 1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V6 engine#225|Buick 225 V6 engine]] (through 1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V8 engine|Buick V8 engine]] (300, 340, 401) (through 1966)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine|Chevrolet 60° OHV V6 engine]] (2.8, 3.1)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine#LQ1|Chevrolet 3.4L DOHC LQ1 V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM High Feature engine|High Feature V6 engine]] (2.8, 3.6)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)|Chevrolet Small-Block V8]] (265/267/283/305/307/327/350)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#Generation III (1997–2007)|Gen III Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine#Generation IV (2005–2020)|Gen IV Small Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6T40 transmission|(GF6) 6T45 6-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Tremec|Tremec]] TR-9080 8-speed dual clutch transmission 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toledo Transmission|Toledo Transmission]]||[[w:Toledo, Ohio|Toledo, Ohio]]||United States||Transmissions:&lt;br /&gt; RWD GM-Allison 10-speed (10L1000) (AB1V) / 8-speed ([[w:GM 8L45 transmission|8L45]] &amp; [[w:GM 8L90 transmission|8L90]]) &lt;br /&gt; FWD GF9 9 Speed Transmissions||1956|| ||Located at 1455 West Alexis Road. Acquired from the former Martin-Parry Corporation in 1955. Replaced the older Toledo plant on Central Ave. &lt;br /&gt;Previously:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Turbo-Hydramatic#THM350|THM350 3-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Turbo-Hydramatic#THM700R4 / 4L60 / 4L60E / 4L65E / 4L70E|THM700R4/4L60 4-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4L60-E transmission|4L60-E/4L65-E/4L70-E 4-speed automatic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6T40 transmission|(GF6) 6T30/35/40/45/50 6-speed automatic]] &lt;br /&gt; ([[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L45/6L50]] &amp; [[w:GM 6L80 transmission|6L80/6L90]]) 6-speed automatics

|-

||&amp;nbsp;||Toluca Engine||[[w:Toluca|Toluca]], [[w:State of Mexico|State of Mexico]] 

|[[w:Mexico|Mexico]] 

|[[w:GM small gasoline engine|GM Small Gasoline Engine 1.4L/1.5L I4]] (including 1.5 turbo LSD I4 for Equinox/Terrain)

[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine#Vortec 3000|Vortec 3000 Marine &amp; Industrial 4-cyl. engine]]&lt;br /&gt;  

5.0 &amp; 5.7 Marine &amp; Industrial V8 engines&lt;br /&gt; 

Small-Block V8 engines for the aftermarket&lt;br /&gt;  

Aluminum Foundry&lt;br /&gt;  

|1965 

| 

|Past engines: 
[[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 I4 engine]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine#292|Chevrolet 292 (4.8L) Inline-6]]

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Tonawanda Engine|Tonawanda Engine]]||[[w:Buffalo, New York|Buffalo, New York]]||United States||[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LV1|LV1]] 4.3L V6 

 
[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L84|L84]] 5.3L V8 

 
[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L86/L87|L87]] 6.2L V8 

 
[[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L8T|L8T/L8S]] 6.6L V8 

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#LSY|LSY]] 2.0T I4 

 
|1938 

|&amp;nbsp;||Located at 2995 River Rd. Includes 3 plants. Plant #1 opened in 1938. Plant #4 opened in 1941. Plant #5 opened in 2001.  

Past engines:  

Built the [[w:Pratt &amp; Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp|Pratt &amp; Whitney R-1830 Twin Wasp]] radial engine used in the [[w:B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] bomber during WW-2 

Built the [[w:Pratt &amp; Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp|Pratt &amp; Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp]] radial engine used in the [[w:P-61 Black Widow|P-61 Black Widow]] &amp; [[w:P-47 Thunderbolt|P-47 Thunderbolt]] fighters during WW-2 


[[w:Chevrolet 2300 engine|Chevrolet 2300 engine]] (Vega I4)


[[w:General Motors 122 engine|Chevrolet 122 engine]] (1.8/2.0/2.2L OHV I4)

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.2|Ecotec 2.2L Gen I]] (L850) 

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.2_2|Ecotec 2.2L Gen II]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.4|Ecotec 2.4L Gen II]] 

 
[[w:GM Ecotec engine#LTG|Ecotec Gen III LTG 2.0T I-4]], [[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.5|Ecotec 2.5L Gen III]] 


[[w:General Motors Atlas engine#LK5 (Vortec 2800)|Atlas 2.8/2.9 I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors Atlas engine#L52 (Vortec 3500)|Atlas 3.5/3.7 I5]] 
 

[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Air 6 engine|Corvair Flat-6 (all)]] 


[[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine#Second generation: 1937–1962|Chevrolet Stovebolt / Blue Flame I6]] 


[[w:Chevrolet 90° V6 engine|Chevrolet 3.3L/3.8L/4.3L 90° V6]] 

 
[[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine|Chevrolet 60° V6 engine]], [[w:GM High Value engine|High Value 3.9L V6]] 

 
[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)|Chevrolet Small-Block V8]] 


[[w:Chevrolet Big-Block engine|Chevrolet Big-Block V8]] 

 
Gen V Small-Block 90° V6/V8: [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LV3|LV3]] 4.3L V6, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L82|L82]] 5.3L V8,&lt;br&gt; [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L83|L83]] 5.3L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#L86|L86]] 6.2L V8, [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LT1|LT1]] 6.2L V8, [[w:General Motors LS-based small-block engine#LT2|LT2]] 6.2L V8,&lt;br&gt; [[w:LS based GM small-block engine#LT4|LT4 6.2L Supercharged V8]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ultium#Production|Ultium Cells LLC - Spring Hill]]||[[w:Spring Hill, Tennessee|Spring Hill, Tennessee]]||United States||Ultium lithium-ion battery cells for EV's,&lt;br&gt; LFP batteries for energy storage systems||2024|| || Owned by Ultium Cells LLC, a 50/50 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:LG Energy Solution|LG Energy Solution]]. This is Ultium Cells' second plant. Located at 301 Donald F Ephlin Pkwy.
  
|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ultium#Production|Ultium Cells LLC - Warren]]||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||Ultium lithium-ion battery cells for EV's||2022|| || Owned by Ultium Cells LLC, a 50/50 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:LG Energy Solution|LG Energy Solution]]. This is Ultium Cells' first plant. Located at 7400 Tod Ave SW.
 
|- 

|1||[[w:Wentzville Assembly|Wentzville Assembly]]||[[w:Wentzville, Missouri|Wentzville, Missouri]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Express|Chevrolet Express]] (1996-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Savana|GMC Savana]] (1996-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Colorado|Chevrolet Colorado]] (2015-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Canyon|GMC Canyon]] (2015-)||1983||&amp;nbsp;||Located at 1500 E. Rte. A. Originally opened to build the 1985 Fwd C-bodies. Began building Fwd H-bodies for 1986. On Oct. 29, 1991, Wentzville built the 30 millionth Pontiac, a white 1992 Bonneville SSEi. Ended passenger car production in 1994. Converted to truck production. Began building full-size vans in 1996. Added midsize pickups in 2014.  &lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Buick Electra#Sixth generation (1985–1990)|Buick Electra]] (1985-1990), [[w:Buick Park Avenue#First generation (1991–1996)|Buick Park Avenue]] (1991-1994), [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Ninth generation (1986–1991)|Oldsmobile Delta 88/88]] (1986-1991),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Tenth generation (1992–1999)|Oldsmobile 88]] (1992-1993), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#Eleventh generation (1985–1990)|Oldsmobile 98]] (1985-1989), [[w:Oldsmobile Touring Sedan|Oldsmobile Touring Sedan]] (1989),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Eighth generation (1987–1991)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1989-1991), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Ninth generation (1992–1999)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1992-93)

|-

|A||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Shanghai plant||[[w:Jinqiao|Jinqiao]], [[w:Pudong|Pudong]] district, [[w:Shanghai|Shanghai]]||[[w:China|China]]||[[w:Cadillac CT4|Cadillac CT4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CT5|Cadillac CT5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CT6|Cadillac CT6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Lyriq|Cadillac Lyriq]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Vistiq|Cadillac Vistiq]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Cadillac XT4|Cadillac XT4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac XT5|Cadillac XT5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac XT6|Cadillac XT6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Enclave#China (2020)|Buick Enclave]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Third generation (2017–present)|Buick GL8 ES/Avenir/PHEV (Mk III)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Fourth generation (2022)|Buick GL8 Century (Mk IV)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Electra Encasa (2025)|Buick Electra Encasa (Mk V)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick LaCrosse|Buick LaCrosse]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Sixth generation (2018)|Buick Regal]] (E2XX)&lt;br /&gt;Engines&lt;br /&gt;Engine components&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions&lt;br /&gt;Ultium batteries||1998||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. There are 3 vehicle production plants (North, South, &amp; East). North was the original plant. South began production in 2005. The East or &quot;Cadillac&quot; plant began production in 2016. On October 28, 2025, the Shanghai plant produced its 4 millionth vehicle, a 2026 Cadillac XT5.  

Past models: [[w:Buick Century#Sixth generation (1997–2005)|Buick New Century]] (W-body)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle#First generation (J200; 2003)|Buick Excelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#First generation (2000–2016)|Buick GL8 Mk I (1999-2004)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Park Avenue#Third generation (2007–2012)|Buick Park Avenue (WM)]] (CKD)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#China|Buick Regal]] (W-body)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Fifth generation (2008)|Buick Regal]] (Epsilon II)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Sail|Buick Sail]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Velite 5|Buick Velite 5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Velite 7|Buick Velite 7]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu XL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Blazer (crossover)#Chinese version|Chevrolet Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac ATS#ATS-L|Cadillac ATS-L]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac CTS#First generation (2003)|Cadillac CTS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac STS#Chinese Cadillac SLS|Cadillac SLS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac XTS|Cadillac XTS]]&lt;br /&gt; 

Past Engines: [[w:General Motors 60° V6 engine#Production in China by SAIC-GM|Chevrolet 60° OHV V6]] 

|-

|D||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Dongyue Motors||[[w:Yantai|Yantai]], [[w:Shandong|Shandong]]||[[w:China|China]]||[[w:Buick Envision|Buick Envision]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac GT4|Cadillac GT4]]||2001||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. Originally founded in 2001 as Yantai Bodyshop Corp. which built Daewoo vehicles ([[w:Daewoo Lanos|Daewoo Lanos]]) under license from Daewoo Motor Co. SAIC-GM took over the plant in 2002. There are 2 vehicle production plants (North &amp; South). SAIC-GM Dongyue Motors joint venture is owned 50% by SAIC-GM, 25% by GM China, &amp; 25% by SAIC. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Buick Encore#First generation (2013)|Buick Encore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Encore GX|Buick Encore GX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Encore GX|Buick Encore Plus]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle#Second generation (2018)|Buick Excelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle GT#First generation (2009)|Buick Excelle GT/XT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Buick Sail|Buick Sail]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Second generation (T300; 2012)|Chevrolet Aveo (T300)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Third generation (2014)|Chevrolet Aveo (Mex.)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Chevrolet Sail|Chevrolet Corsa Plus (Chile)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Magnus|Chevrolet Epica (V200)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Tosca|Chevrolet Epica]] (V250)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Lova]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lova RV|Chevrolet Lova RV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando#Second generation (2018)|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail|Chevrolet Sail]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (crossover)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Trax]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Dongyue Powertrain||[[w:Yantai|Yantai]], [[w:Shandong|Shandong]]||[[w:China|China]]||Engines&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions including: [[w:GM 6T40 transmission|6T30/6T40/6T45/6T50]], [[w:Continuously variable transmission|CVT]]||1999||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. Originally founded in 1999 as Shandong Daewoo Automotive Engine Co., Ltd., a 50/50 joint venture between Daewoo Motor Co. &amp; Chinese partners owned by the Shandong provincial govt. SAIC-GM took over the plant in 2005. SAIC-GM Dongyue Powertrain joint venture is owned 50% by SAIC-GM, 25% by GM China, &amp; 25% by SAIC. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past Engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine#Generation III|Family I, Gen 3 engine]]   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Norsom Motors||[[w:Shenyang|Shenyang]], [[w:Liaoning|Liaoning]]||[[w:China|China]]|| ||1992||2025||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]. Originally founded in 1992 as Jinbei GM Automotive Co. Ltd., a 30/70 joint venture between GM &amp; Shenyang Jinbei Automotive. Restructured into a 50/50 joint venture between GM &amp; Jinbei in 1998. SAIC-GM took over the joint venture in 2004, buying out Jinbei. The new SAIC-GM Norsom Motors joint venture is owned 50% by SAIC-GM, 25% by GM China, &amp; 25% by SAIC. Plant closed in February 2025 due to declining sales in China by SAIC-GM.

Past models:&lt;br /&gt; Jinbei GM:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995–2005)|Chevrolet Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Crew Cab]]&lt;br /&gt;SAIC-GM:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Seeker|Chevrolet Seeker]]&lt;br/&gt; [[w:Buick Encore#Second generation (2020)|Buick Encore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Envista|Buick Envista]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#First generation (2000–2016)|Buick GL8 Mk I (2004-2016)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL8#Second generation (2010-present)|Buick GL8 Land Business Class (Mk II) (2010-2025)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Verano#Second generation (2016)|Buick Verano]] &lt;br/&gt; Engines

|- 

|V||[[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]] Wuhan Branch||[[w:Wuhan|Wuhan]], [[w:Hubei|Hubei]]||[[w:China|China]]||[[w:Buick Verano#Third generation (Pro, 2021)|Buick Verano Pro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Velite 6|Buick Velite 6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra E5|Buick Electra E5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra L7|Buick Electra L7]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra E7|Buick Electra E7]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Optiq|Cadillac Optiq]]&lt;br /&gt; Engines||2015&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Joseph Szczesny |date=30 January 2015 |title=Ford, GM Implement Expansion Plans in China |work=The Detroit Bureau |url=https://www.thedetroitbureau.com/2015/01/ford-gm-implement-expansion-plans-in-china/ |access-date=19 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]].&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Jamie L. LaReau |date=27 February 2020 |title=Restart of GM's plant in China stalls due to coronavirus crisis |work=Detroit Free Press |url=https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2020/02/27/gm-delays-start-production-china-plant-due-coronavirus-crisis/4884203002/ |access-date=19 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier#China|Chevrolet Cavalier]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Monza (China)|Chevrolet Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Menlo|Chevrolet Menlo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Third generation (2018)|Chevrolet Equinox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Equinox#Fourth generation (2025)|Chevrolet Equinox Plus]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Electra E4|Buick Electra E4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Excelle GT#Second generation (2015)|Buick Excelle GT/GX]]&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite news |author=Sam McEachern|date=28 February 2020 |title=GM Delays Production Restart At Wuhan Plant As Coronavirus Crisis Continues |work=GM Authority |url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/02/gm-delays-production-restart-at-wuhan-plant-as-coronavirus-crisis-continues/ |access-date=19 June 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GL6|Buick GL6]]

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] (HQ plant)||[[w:Liuzhou|Liuzhou]], [[w:Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region|Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|Wuling]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||1982||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. There are 2 vehicle production plants (East &amp; West). SAIC &amp; GM jointly created the joint venture with Wuling in 2002. The SAIC-GM-Wuling joint venture was originally owned 50.1% by SAIC, 34% by GM China, &amp; 15.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is now owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. Engine plant added in 2007.  

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Lechi (China)|Chevrolet Lechi (Spark)]], [[w:Baojun 630|Baojun 630]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] [[w:Baojun|Baojun]] Base||Liudong New District, [[w:Liuzhou|Liuzhou]], [[w:Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region|Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:Baojun|Baojun]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||2012||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. SAIC &amp; GM jointly created the joint venture with Wuling in 2002. The SAIC-GM-Wuling joint venture was originally owned 50.1% by SAIC, 34% by GM China, &amp; 15.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Automobile Industry Co., Ltd. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is now owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. Engine plant added in 2015.  

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Lechi (China)|Baojun Lechi]], [[w:Baojun 610|Baojun 610]], [[w:Baojun 630|Baojun 630]]  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] Chongqing Branch||[[w:Chongqing|Chongqing]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|Wuling]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||2014||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd.   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]] Qingdao Branch||[[w:Qingdao|Qingdao]], [[w:Shandong|Shandong]]||[[w:China|China]]|| [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|Wuling]] models&lt;br /&gt;Engines||2000||&amp;nbsp;||Operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. Originally founded in 1997 as [[w:Etsong Vehicle Manufacturing|Etsong Vehicle Manufacturing]]. SAIC-GM-Wuling took over the plant in 2005. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. Engine plant added in 2009.  

|-

|J||[[w:SGMW Motor Indonesia|SGMW Motor Indonesia]]||[[w:Cikarang|Cikarang]], [[w:West Java|West Java]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]|| [[w:Wuling Air EV|Wuling Air EV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Aira EV|Wuling Aira EV]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Wuling Binguo|Wuling Binguo EV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Cloud EV|Wuling Cloud EV ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Almaz|Wuling Almaz]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Alvez|Wuling Alvez]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Eksion|Wuling Eksion]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Wuling Confero|Wuling Confero]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Cortez|Wuling Cortez]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Darion|Wuling Darion]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Wuling Formo|Wuling Formo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Wuling Mitra EV|Wuling Mitra EV]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:MG4 EV|MG4 EV]], [[w:MG ZS (crossover)|MG ZS EV]], [[w:MGS5 EV|MGS5 EV]]&lt;br&gt;Battery packs||2017||&amp;nbsp;||100% owned and operated by [[w:SAIC-GM-Wuling|SAIC-GM-Wuling]]. Since 2011, SAIC-GM-Wuling is owned 50.1% by SAIC, 44% by GM China, &amp; 5.9% by Liuzhou Wuling Motors Co., Ltd. In 2024, SGMW Motor Indonesia began producing MG models on behalf of PT SAIC Motor Indonesia. MG is owned by SAIC, a shareholder of SGMW. 

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#Second generation (CN202S; 2019)|Chevrolet Captiva]] 

|}

== Current partner factories == 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 

!VIN !! Name !! City/State !! Country !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products !! Opened !! Idled !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Comments 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Azermash CP LLC]]||[[w:Hajiqabul|Hajiqabul]]||[[w:Azerbaijan|Azerbaijan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Nexia (T250)]], [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]], [[w:Suzuki Carry#Daewoo Damas|Chevrolet Damas/Labo]] ||2017|| ||Built under contract by Azermash CP LLC for GM &amp; UzAuto Motors.  

|- 

|A||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Uzbekistan]]/[[w:UzAuto Motors|UzAuto Motors]]||[[w:Asaka, Uzbekistan|Asaka]], [[w:Andijan Region|Andijan Region]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]],  [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker (2022-)]]||1996|| ||Originally established as Uz-DaewooAuto, a 50/50 joint venture between Daewoo Motor &amp; the Uzbek government. Became GM Uzbekistan, a 25/75 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat in 2008. GM was bought out by the Uzbek govt. in 2019 &amp; the company was renamed UzAuto Motors. Vehicles now built under license from GM by UzAuto Motors.  

Previous models: [[w:Daewoo Tico|Daewoo Tico]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#First generation (M100, M150; 1998)|Daewoo Matiz (M150)]], [[w:Daewoo Nexia|Daewoo Nexia]], [[w:Daewoo Nexia|Chevrolet Nexia]], [[w:Daewoo Gentra#Uzbekistan (2013–2015)|Daewoo Gentra]], [[w:Daewoo Damas|Daewoo Damas]], [[w:Daewoo Labo|Daewoo Labo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Nexia 3]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Chevrolet Spark (M300)]], [[w:Chevrolet Tacuma|Chevrolet Tacuma]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#First generation (M100, M150; 1998)|Ravon Matiz]], [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Ravon R2]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Ravon Nexia R3|Ravon Nexia R3]], [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Ravon R4]], [[w:Daewoo Gentra|Ravon Gentra R5]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Uzbekistan]]/[[w:UzAuto Motors|UzAuto Motors]]||[[w:Pitnak|Pitnak]], [[w:Khorezm Region|Khorezm Region]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Damas|Chevrolet Damas]]&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Labo|Chevrolet Labo]]  ||2014|| ||Was part of GM Uzbekistan, a 25/75 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat formed in 2008. GM was bought out by the Uzbek govt. in 2019 &amp; the company was renamed UzAuto Motors. Vehicles now built under license from GM by UzAuto Motors. In 2021, a new press shop opened at the Pitnak plant. 

Previous models: [[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2010)|Chevrolet Orlando]], [[w:Daewoo Damas|Daewoo Damas]], [[w:Daewoo Labo|Daewoo Labo]]   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Uzbekistan]]/[[w:UzAuto Motors|UzAuto Motors]]||[[w:Tashkent|Tashkent]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||Repair of used cars ||2009||2019||Was part of GM Uzbekistan, a 25/75 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat formed in 2008. GM was bought out by the Uzbek govt. in 2019 &amp; the company was renamed UzAuto Motors. Vehicles now built under license from GM by UzAuto Motors. Plant assembled SKD vehicles. SKD production ended in 2019. Plant is now used to repair &amp; overhaul used cars acquired as trade-ins for new cars, which are then resold by UzAuto.   

Previous models: [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker (initial production from SKD)]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Uzbekistan|GM Powertrain Uzbekistan]]/[[w:GM Uzbekistan|UzAuto Motors Powertrain]]||[[w:Tashkent|Tashkent]]||[[w:Uzbekistan|Uzbekistan]]||[[w:Daewoo S-TEC engine|1.2L &amp; 1.5L DOHC I4 engines]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM E-Turbo engine|1.2L GM E-Turbo I3 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Engine components (crankshaft, block, heads)&lt;br /&gt;Aluminum Foundry ||2011|| ||GM Powertrain Uzbekistan is a 52/48 joint venture between GM &amp; state owned UzAvtosanoat. In 2019, the company was renamed UzAuto Motors Powertrain after UzAvtosanoat bought out GM's share of the joint venture. It now builds engines &amp; components under license from GM.

|- 

|0,4,7,8,9||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] Fujisawa plant||[[w:Fujisawa, Kanagawa|Fujisawa, Kanagawa]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 4500 &amp; 5500 diesel]] (2016-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]]||1961||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] plant. &lt;br /&gt; Previous models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Gemini#In other markets|Buick Opel]] (1976-1979) [Plant Code: 8]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet LUV|Chevrolet LUV]] (1972-1982) [Plant Code: 8]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Spectrum|Chevrolet Spectrum]] (1985-1988)&lt;br&gt; [Plant Code: 8 ('85-'87), 7 ('88)]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet W-Series|Chevrolet W-Series]] (1986-2009)&lt;br&gt; [Plant Code: 8 ('86-'87), 7 ('88-'09)]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Spectrum|Geo Spectrum]] (1989) [Plant Code: 7]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Storm|Geo Storm]] (1990-1993) [Plant Code: 7]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC W-Series|GMC W-Series]] (1986-2009)&lt;br&gt; [Plant Code: 8 ('86-'87), 7 ('88-'09)]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#First generation (1972–1980)|Bedford KB25]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Bedford KB26/41]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Campo#Third generation (TF; 1988–2002)|Opel Campo/Bedford Brava/Vauxhall Brava]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Jackaroo#First generation (1981)|Holden Jackaroo (Gen 1)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Monterey#Second generation (1991)|Opel/Vauxhall Monterey/Holden Jackaroo (Gen 2)/Monterey]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Rodeo|Holden Rodeo]] (1981-2002) (KB/TF)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Piazza#First generation (JR120/130; 1980)|Holden Piazza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Shuttle|Holden Shuttle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu I-Mark|Isuzu I-Mark]], [[w:Isuzu Impulse|Isuzu Impulse]], [[w:Isuzu Stylus|Isuzu Stylus]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||PACE (Planta Automotiva do Ceará=Ceará Automotive Plant)||[[w:Horizonte, Ceará|Horizonte, Ceará]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark EUV|Chevrolet Spark EUV]] (2026-),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Wuling Starlight S|Chevrolet Captiva EV]]||2025|| ||Assembled from semi-knockdown kits imported from China under contract for GM. Production for GM began on December 3, 2025 with the Spark EUV. Production for non-GM brands is also expected. The plant is the former [[w:Troller|Troller]] plant that was bought by Ford in 2007 and closed in 2021. The plant is now operated by Comexport.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[SaryarkaAvtoProm]]/&lt;br&gt;Allur Automobile Plant||[[w:Kostanay|Kostanay]]||[[w:Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Chevrolet Onix#Second generation (2019)|Chevrolet Onix]], [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (2019)|Chevrolet Tracker]]||2017|| ||Built under contract by SaryarkaAvtoProm for GM &amp; UzAuto Motors.  

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Ninth generation (2016)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Nexia]], [[w:Chevrolet Niva|Chevrolet Niva]], [[w:Suzuki Carry#Daewoo Damas|Chevrolet Damas/Labo]], [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Ravon Nexia R3]] 

|- 

|S||[[w:Shyft Group|Shyft Group]] - Charlotte plant||[[w:Charlotte, Michigan|Charlotte, Michigan]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 3500/4500/5500 gas]] (2016-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Chevrolet Low Cab Forward 6500XD &amp; 7500XD]] (2018- &amp; 2023-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series gas]] (2012-)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu FTR/FVR]] (2018- &amp; 2023-)||1961||&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Shyft Group|Shyft Group]] plant. Built under contract for Isuzu and GM. 

|}

== Former factories == 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 
! style=&quot;width:20px;&quot;|VIN 
! style=&quot;width:60px;&quot;| Name 
! style=&quot;width:20px;&quot;| City/State 
! style=&quot;width:20px;&quot;| Country 
! style=&quot;width:90px;&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products 
! style=&quot;width:10px;&quot;| Opened 
! style=&quot;width:10px;&quot;| Idled 
! style=&quot;width:190px;&quot; class=&quot;unsortable&quot; |Comments

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||AC Electronics||[[w:Oak Creek, Wisconsin|Oak Creek, Wisconsin]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||Automotive Electronics; Avionics, precision guidance systems, &amp; electro-mechanical devices for military use and space exploration (Apollo program) ||1948||1999||Located at 7929 S. Howell Ave. First known as GM's Electronics Division. In 1965, the Milwaukee Operations became known as AC Electronics Division of GM. In 1970, the division merged with Delco Radio and became known as Delco Electronics Division. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems (Delphi Electronics &amp; Safety) in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2008. Is now Drexel Town Square, a retail, commercial, residential and civic development.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug Division]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||AC Spark Plugs||1929||1975||Located on Industrial Ave at Harriet St. Built in 1909. Champion Ignition Co. moved here from their original location on the 3rd floor of a Buick building on Hamilton Ave. that they used from 1908. This complex was expanded multiple times and was on both sides of Industrial Ave. with 2 overhead walkways connecting the 2 sides. Champion Ignition Co. changed its name to AC Spark Plug in 1922. After founder Albert Champion died in 1927, GM took over AC Spark Plug in 1929. It became a GM division in 1933. Production gradually moved to the Flint East complex until the Industrial Ave. complex closed in 1975. Demolished in 1975-76. Site later used by Buick for parking as it was next to the Buick City complex.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint East|AC Spark Plug Flint East]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||Components (spark plugs, dashboard components such as instrument clusters, fuel system components, air/oil/fuel filters, and fuel pumps)||1929||1999||Located at 1300 North Dort Highway. (Now referred to as 2926 Davison Road, which is the north side instead of the west side of the property.) Purchased by AC Spark Plug in 1925. Plant previously belonged to [[w:Dort Motor Car Company|Dort Motor Car Company]], which went out of business in 1924. Initially produced all products other than spark plugs that were made by AC Spark Plug Co. After founder Albert Champion died in 1927, GM took over AC Spark Plug in 1929. It became a GM division in 1933. Production gradually moved from the old Industrial Ave. complex to the Flint East complex until the Industrial Ave. complex closed in 1975. Became known as Flint East in 1987, when AC took over the &quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot; complex from Chevrolet on Flint's west side, which became known as Flint West. Became AC Rochester in 1988 when AC Spark Plug Division merged with Rochester Products Division. AC Rochester initially had its world headquarters here, just as AC Spark Plug had before the merger. Subsequently, AC Rochester headquarters moved to the Great Lakes Technology Center in the old Flint Fisher Body plant. In 1994, AC Rochester merged with Delco Remy and became AC Delco Systems. Grouped under GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Corporation|Delphi Corporation]] in 1999. GM supplied the UAW workers from 2007 under agreement with Delphi and the UAW. Closed by Delphi in 2013.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug]]||[[w:Sioux City, Iowa|Sioux City, Iowa]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Throttle#Throttle body|Throttle Body Fuel Injection Systems]]||1981||1993||Located at 1805 Zenith Drive. Formerly a Zenith Radio Factory. Now the headquarters of Bomgaars Supply, Inc.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug]]||[[w:Wichita Falls, Texas|Wichita Falls, Texas]]||United States||AC Air Filters||1972||1999||Located at 8600 Interstate 44 Service Rd. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2008. Now owned by Panda Biotech.

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp. - Kirkby plant]]||[[w:Kirkby|Kirkby]], [[w:Merseyside|Merseyside]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Instrument panels, Gauges, Fuel pumps, Fuel/temperature senders, Oil pressure switches, Radiator caps, Thermostats||1958||?||Plant is near Liverpool. Located on Moorgate Road. Kirkby was originally part of the AC-Delco division of GM Ltd. When the Kirkby plant opened in 1958, production of fuel pumps, thermostats, and instruments was moved there from the Dunstable components plant. In 1979, Kirkby became aligned with AC Spark Plug in the US. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and the Kirkby plant became part of AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:ACDelco#AC Spark Plug Division|AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp. - Southampton plant]]||[[w:Southampton|Southampton]], [[w:Hampshire|Hampshire]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Air filter elements, Oil filters, Fuel filters, Catalytic converters||1952||?|| Located on West Bay Road in the New Dock area of Southampton. Originally opened in 1938 as a vehicle assembly plant making Chevrolets (See listing for &quot;GM Ltd.&quot;). Plant acquired by GM Ltd. in 1951. Southampton was originally part of AC-Sphinx Plug Co., a division of GM Ltd. In 1952, AC-Sphinx Plug Co. was renamed AC-Delco division of GM Ltd. When the Southampton plant opened in 1952, production of automotive filters (air filters, fuel filters) was moved there from the Dunstable components plant. In 1979, Southampton became aligned with AC Spark Plug in the US. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and the Southampton plant became part of AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Allison,&lt;br&gt; [[w:Allison Transmission|Allison Transmission]], Allison Gas Turbine||[[w:Indianapolis|Indianapolis]], Indiana||United States||Allison Transmissions,&lt;br&gt; Engines for airplanes &amp; helicopters,&lt;br&gt; Bearings and Gears||1929||2007||Located at 4700 W. 10th St. Founded in 1915 as Speedway Team Co. In 1920, it was renamed Allison Engineering Co. Acquired by GM in 1929, it became the Allison Division of GM. GM began designing the CD-850 transmission for tracked military vehicles in 1941; the design was completed in 1944 and Allison was awarded the contract to manufacture the prototypes. In February 1945, General Motors formed the Allison Transmission Engineering Section. In 1946, GM divided the division into 2 sections: Aircraft Operations and Transmission Operations. In 1970, Allison Division merged with the Detroit Diesel Engine Division to become the Detroit Diesel-Allison Division. In 1983, the aviation turbine engine operations were separated out to form a separate division called the Allison Gas Turbine Division. In 1987, the transmission operations are separated out to form the Allison Transmission Division. Allison Gas Turbine was sold in a management buyout in 1993 becoming the Allison Engine Company. [[w:Allison Engine Company|Allison Engine Company]] was then sold in 1995 to [[w:Rolls-Royce Holdings|Rolls-Royce PLC]]. GM sold Allison Transmission in 2007 to private equity groups Carlyle Group &amp; Onex Corp., becoming Allison Transmission Inc. Allison went public as Allison Transmission Holdings Inc. in 2012, trading on the New York Stock Exchange.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Cadillac Amsterdam Street plant||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]s||1903||1920||Cadillac's first volume production plant. Located at 450 Amsterdam Street, at the intersection with Cass Avenue. Rebuilt in 1904 after a fire destroyed the original plant. This plant predated Cadillac being part of GM. Replaced by the Clark Street plant in 1921. 

|- 

|5 (Plant 2)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 6 (Plant 1)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;9 (Pre-1976)||Antwerp||[[w:Antwerp|Antwerp]]||[[w:Belgium|Belgium]]||[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra H (A04; 2004)|Opel/Vauxhall Astra GTC &amp; OPC/VXR (H)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#TwinTop|Opel/Vauxhall Astra TwinTop]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Saturn Astra|Saturn Astra]] (2008 &amp; in Canada '09)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fourth generation (TS; 1998)|Holden Astra (TS)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fifth generation (AH; 2004)|Holden Astra (AH)]] ||1925||2010||Originally known as GM Continental SA, then as Opel Antwerp from 1994-2004, &amp; finally as GM Belgium from 2004 on. The original plant was an ex-abbey on Fortuinstraat. In 1926, production moved to an old velodrome on the corner of St. Laureystraat &amp; Haantjeslei. In 1929, production moved to a site in the port of Antwerp near the Albert dock. The site at the port was destroyed by bombing raids in World War II. Production temporarily moved back to the velodrome from 1946-1953. In 1953, a new plant opened on the Noorderlaan which would later come to be known as Plant 1. In 1967, a second plant opened about 6.2 miles (10&amp;nbsp;km) north of the Noorderlaan plant near the Churchill dock. This was called Plant 2. In August 1988, production was consolidated in Plant 2 and Plant 1 was used as a parts warehouse until 1992 and the property was then sold. Plant 2 ended production in December 2010. First vehicle off the line was a Chevrolet. Assembled Opel &amp; Vauxhall cars, Bedford trucks and American GM brands (Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Buick, &amp; Cadillac) from CKD kits. Also built the [[w:Ranger (automobile)#Europe|Ranger]]. The plant finally closed its doors on December 17, 2010, about two days after last Opel car rolled off the assembly line.&amp;nbsp;&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (first generation from CKD kits)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Olympia|Opel Olympia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors de Argentina|General Motors de Argentina]]||[[w:San Telmo, Buenos Aires|San Telmo]] and [[w:Barracas, Buenos Aires|Barracas]] in [[w:Buenos Aires|Buenos Aires]] &amp; [[w:San Martín, Buenos Aires|San Martin]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||Chevrolet (cars and trucks) including [[w:Chevrolet 400|Chevrolet 400]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevy Malibu|Chevrolet Chevy]], &amp; [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)#Medium-duty trucks|Chevrolet C-50/C-60/C-70]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series|Chevrolet B-60 bus chassis]]&lt;br /&gt; Oldsmobile &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel K 180|Opel K 180]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine#Argentina|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Bedford diesel engines||1925 (San Telmo)&lt;br /&gt;1928 (Barracas)&lt;br /&gt;1940 (San Martin plant)||1978 (San Martin plant)||Other GM brands manufactured included GMC, Opel, and Bedford trucks along with Pontiac, Oakland, Marquette, Buick, LaSalle, Cadillac, Opel, and Vauxhall passenger cars.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/GM_Argentina|title=GM Argentina}}&lt;/ref&gt; Also Frigidaire refrigerators.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Aymesa|Aymesa]]||[[w:Quito, Ecuador|Quito]]||[[w:Ecuador|Ecuador]]|| ||1973||1999 (Last GM production)|| First automotive assembler in Ecuador. GM bought 36.95% of AYMESA in 1982 &amp; increased its stake to 45.9% in 1984. GM sold off its stake in 1999 and switched to using OBB as its Ecuadorian partner. Aymesa now assembles vehicles for Kia and Hyundai.

Past models: [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Chevrolet Corsa]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#First generation (1983)|Suzuki Forsa]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Suzuki Forsa II/Chevrolet Swift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors T platform (1973)|Chevrolet San Remo]]&lt;br /&gt;Aymesa Gacela&lt;br /&gt;Aymesa Condor&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Aymesa Andino]]&lt;br /&gt;Aymesa Amigo 

|- 

|3 (since 1993)&lt;br /&gt;A (before 1993)||Azambuja||[[w:Azambuja|Azambuja]]||[[w:Portugal|Portugal]]||[[w:Opel Combo#Kadett Combo (Combo A; 1986)|Opel Kadett Combo A/Bedford &amp; Vauxhall Astravan &amp; Astramax]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Combo B (1993-2001)|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Combo]] B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Combo C (2001-2012)|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Combo]] C||1963||2006||Past models:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa Van|Opel Corsavan]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Amigo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford CF|Bedford CF]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK]]&lt;br /&gt;Various Opel, Vauxhall, &amp; Bedford models. 

|- 

|B &lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;and 1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt; and 1965-2005)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;14 (1935-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 7 (1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Baltimore Assembly|Baltimore Assembly]]||[[w:Baltimore|Baltimore]], [[w:Maryland|Maryland]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Astro|Chevrolet Astro]] (1985-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Astro|GMC Safari]] (1985-2005) ||1935||2005||Located at 2122 Broening Highway. Production began in March 1935 (March 11 for trucks and March 26 for cars). Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Baltimore Assembly began making Pontiac and Buick passenger cars for 1964. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Baltimore Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. During WWII, the Chevrolet side of the plant operated as a military parts depot where parts were received, processed, and packaged for shipment around the world. It also built 2,650 [[w:GMC CCKW 2½-ton 6×6 truck|GMC CCKW 6x6 trucks]]. The Fisher Body side of the plant became part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division and assembled the rear fuselage, tail assembly, &amp; all control surfaces for Grumman carrier-based aircraft. Car production ended on March 31, 1984. Converted to a Truck and Bus Group assembly plant for 1985. Production restarted in August 1984. Closed on May 13, 2005. Baltimore Assembly produced over 12 million vehicles. Demolished. Now the Chesapeake Commerce Center and an Amazon distribution center.&lt;br /&gt; 

Past models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Gran Sport|Buick GS]] (1965-1968),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1964-68),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1964-67), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-57), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-57), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1980), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960, 1964-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1983), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970-1984), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1957, 1962, 1964-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1980), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1971-1977), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Seventh generation (1982–1986)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1983-1984), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Fifth generation (1978–1987)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1983-1984), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1964-1970, 1978-1981), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1964-1970) 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Baltimore Transmission|Baltimore Transmission]]||[[w:White Marsh, Maryland|White Marsh]], [[w:Maryland|Maryland]]||United States||Allison 1000 Series transmissions: [[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Silverado HD]], [[w:GMC Sierra|Sierra HD]]&lt;br /&gt;Hybrid 2-mode transmissions ([[w:Global Hybrid Cooperation|2ML70]]): [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|Chevrolet Tahoe Hybrid]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon Hybrid]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Hybrid|Cadillac Escalade Hybrid]], [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|Chevrolet Silverado Hybrid]], [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|GMC Sierra Hybrid]]&lt;br /&gt;Electric motor (MME) &amp; final-drive unit (1ET35) for [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Spark EV|Chevy Spark EV]]&lt;br /&gt;Torque converters for 6-speed rwd automatic transmissions||2000||2019||Located at 10301 Philadelphia Road. Originally part of Allison Transmission.  Became a GM Powertrain facility in 2004. Name changed to Baltimore Operations in 2012 with the addition of the Electric Motor Plant built next to the existing Transmission Plant. Closed in 2019.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2019/04/gm-baltimore-employees-irate-over-plant-closure/|title = GM Baltimore Employees Irate over Plant Closure|author=Anthony Alaniz|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = 19 April 2019}}&lt;/ref&gt; Now called White Marsh Interchange Park, a complex of 9 new one-story buildings of office and warehouse space that replaces the previous GM plant which has been demolished.

|- 

|T||[[w:Bedford Dunstable plant|Bedford Dunstable plant]]||[[w:Dunstable|Dunstable]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks and buses]] including:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Bedford S type|Bedford S series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TA|Bedford TA/TD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK/KM]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TL|Bedford TL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TM|Bedford TM]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford SB|Bedford SB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford VAL|Bedford VAL]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford VAM|Bedford VAM]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford VAS|Bedford VAS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Y series|Bedford Y series]]&lt;br /&gt;Bedford gas &amp; diesel engines||1942 (for wartime production)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; 1955 (for civilian production)||1987||Was located on Boscombe Road. Bedford truck and bus production was moved to Dunstable from Luton in 1955. GM sold the Bedford heavy truck business to AWD Trucks in 1987. AWD Trucks went bankrupt in 1992. Parts of the site were demolished in 1993. More was demolished in 1997. The remainder was demolished in 2005. The [[w:Commer|Commer]] plant was located across Boscombe Road in Dunstable from the 1960's.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Bombay||[[w:Bombay|Bombay]], [[w:Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars, trucks, &amp; buses||1928||1954||The first automobile assembly plant in India. The original GM India Ltd. was closed in 1954.  

|- 

|12 (Buffalo Assembly from 1928)||[[w:Buffalo Assembly|Buffalo Assembly]]/&lt;br /&gt;Buffalo Gear &amp; Axle||[[w:Buffalo, New York|Buffalo, New York]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]]&lt;br /&gt; Axles, drivetrain components||1923||1994||Located at 1001 E. Delavan Ave. Built cars until World War II &amp; was then converted to make axles. Operation was renamed Saginaw Gear and Axle in 1984. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] in 1994. All operations ended in 2007 &amp; the factory closed. Called the Historic American Axle Building. Purchased by Viridi in 2018. 

|- 

|H (1965-1999)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 1 (1938-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Buick City|Buick City]]||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1999)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Park Avenue|Buick Park Avenue]] (1994-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1987, 1989-1995)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Ninth generation (1992–1999)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1996-1999)||1904||1999||This was Buick's home plant. It predated the founding of GM in 1908. This is the part of the Buick factory complex south of Leith St. stretching south to E. Hamilton Ave. The complete complex, including both North and South portions totals 412,947 acres. The original factory was at one time the largest in the world and was completely vertically integrated, making nearly every component within the complex. During WWII, Buick built [[w:M18 Hellcat|M18 Hellcat]] tanks &amp; [[w:M39 armored utility vehicle|M39 armored utility vehicles]] here. The plant was converted to build unibody, fwd cars for 1986 instead of the previous body-on-frame, rwd cars. The modernized plant was renamed Buick City. The factory closed in June 1999. Last car built was a 1999 Buick LeSabre. Demolished by 2002. The site of Buick's administration building, 902 E. Hamilton Ave., is now a seating plant owned by Lear Corp., which opened in 2018. It supplies seats to GM's nearby Flint Truck Assembly Plant as well as GM's Fort Wayne Assembly Plant in Indiana. A large piece of the property is now being redeveloped as Flint Commerce Center.&lt;br&gt; Past models: [[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971–1973),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1936-42, 1954-1958, 1973-1981), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1984), [[w:Buick Estate|Buick Estate]] (1940-64, 1970-76), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1965-1972), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick Limited|Buick Limited]] (1936-42, 1958), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1973-1985), [[w:Buick Riviera|Buick Riviera]] (1963-1978), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1936-58), [[w:Buick Skylark#1953–1954|Buick Skylark]] (1953-1954), [[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1961-72), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1936-58, 1961-69), [[w:Buick Sport Wagon|Buick Sport Wagon]] (1964-1971), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1940-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970) [[w:Marquette (automobile)#Buick brand|Marquette]] (1930), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Third generation (1977–1990)|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1984-1985), [[w:Chevrolet Impala#Sixth generation (1977–1985)|Chevrolet Impala]] (1984-1985),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fourth generation (1978–1988)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1985). 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Cadillac Stamping||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Stamped body parts for Cadillac||1956||1987||Located at 9501 Conner St. Originally built by Clayton &amp; Lambert Manufacturing Company for their Knodell Division. Sold to Hudson Motor Car Company in 1925. Made bodies for Hudson. Bought by GM in 1956. Demolished in 2021. Site used by [[w:Lear Corp.|Lear Corp.]] to make seats to supply GM's Factory Zero plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Cartercar|Cartercar]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Cartercar automobiles||1909||1915||Located on Franklin Rd. where Franklin turns into Linfere St. which then intersects with Brush St. This factory previously belonged to Pontiac Spring &amp; Wagon Works. Cartercar moved into this factory in 1908. Cartercar was purchased by GM on October 26, 1909. Cartercar was known for its [[w:Friction drive|friction drive transmission]]. GM closed Cartercar in 1915. There was then talk that GM would build a 6-cylinder Oakland model at this factory but it doesn't seem to have ever happened. GM sold the factory to Olympian Motors Company in 1917, which built Olympian cars there from 1917-1919. In 1920, the factory was sold to Friend Motors Corporation. Initially, Friend Motors Corporation continued production of Olympian cars and then switched to production of new Friend cars in 1921 but production ended with less than 50 cars built and Friend Motors went out of business. In 1922, Friend Motors owner Otis Friend filed for bankruptcy and factory ownership was transferred to Gotham National Bank in a foreclosure sale. The next occupant of the plant was the Wolverine Manufacturing Company which built furniture. Later, it was used as an agricultural supply warehouse. Most of the complex is gone but one building remains at 20 Franklin Rd. It was last occupied by House of Bedrooms, a furniture store. One side of the building still says &quot;The Wolverine&quot; at the top. The other side that faces Brush St. still says &quot;Pontiac Spring &amp; Wagon Works&quot; right under what were the highest row of windows.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Chevrolet Gear &amp; Axle||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Axles, gears, other components||1919||1994||Located at 1840 Holbrook Ave. Absorbed the former Northway engine plant on Holbrook Ave. in 1926 when Northway was liquidated by GM. Straddles the border of [[w:Detroit|Detroit]] and [[w:Hamtramck, Michigan|Hamtramck, Michigan]]. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] &amp; Manufacturing Inc. in 1994. Closed in 2012, demolished in 2013. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body - Chicago Metal Fabrication||[[w:Willow Springs, Illinois|Willow Springs, Illinois]]||United States||Stampings (such as floorpans) for GM vehicles||1953||1989||Located at 79th Street and Willow Springs Road. Buick produced J65-B-3 jet engines here for the [[w:Republic F-84F Thunderstreak|Republic F-84F Thunderstreak]]/RF84-F Thunderflash for use in the Korean War. Plant was associated with Buick-Oldsmobile-Cadillac Group but made body parts for all 5 of GM's passenger car divisions. Sold to [[w:United Parcel Service|UPS]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors de Chile|General Motors de Chile]]||[[w:Arica|Arica]]||[[w:Chile|Chile]]||[[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Chevrolet LUV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#Third generation (TF; 1988–2002)|Chevrolet LUV (TF)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#South America 2|Chevrolet Grand LUV (TF)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Chevrolet D-Max]]||1968&lt;br&gt;1974||1971&lt;br&gt;2008||Originally belonged to Alberto Avayú y Cía. S.A.I.C. (part of Empresas Indumotora) which built vehicles under license for GM beginning in 1960. Avayú built the [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C-1434]], [[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]], [[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Furgón (van)]]. GM bought the plant in 1968. Built [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova]] &amp; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|Chevrolet C10]]. GM left Chile at the end of 1971 but returned in 1974. Past models: [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|Chevrolet C-10 and C-30]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] medium duty truck, [[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Latin America|Brazilian Chevrolet Chevette]], and Japanese [[w:Isuzu Aska#South America (Chile, Ecuador)|Chevrolet Aska]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body - Cleveland Division||[[w:Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Bodies for GM vehicles||1921||1983||Located at Coit Road and E. 140th Street. Founded as Fisher Body Ohio Co. GM bought 60% of Fisher Body in 1919 and the remaining 40% in 1926. Began by building bodies for Chandler, Cleveland (a subsidiary of Chandler), Chrysler, and the Oakland &amp; Chevrolet divisions of GM. After 1926, it only made bodies for GM. In 1936, the plant switched from making whole bodies to doing metal trim and fabrication due to a decrease in demand for cars due to the Depression. Production of auto bodies resumed after World War II. Built bodies for low-volume models like the 55-57 Chevy Nomad and convertible models. In the 1970's, it built large stamping dies and upholstery &amp; trim sets. Closed in August 1983 as a metal fabrication plant. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Cleveland Diesel Engine Division|Cleveland Diesel Engine Division]]||[[w:Cleveland|Cleveland]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Heavy-duty diesel engines for locomotives, marine use (ships and submarines), and stationary use||1930||1962||Founded by Alexander Winton, company began operation in Nov. 1912 as the Winton Gas Engine &amp; Mfg. Co. at 2116 W. 106th St. Renamed the Winton Engine Works in 1916 and later as the Winton Engine Company. GM bought Winton Engine Co. on June 20, 1930 and renamed it Winton Engine Corp. on June 30, 1930. In 1938, it was renamed Cleveland Diesel Engine Division. In January 1941, locomotive engine development and production was transferred to GM's Electro-Motive Division. Marine and stationary diesel engines were still handled by Cleveland Diesel Engine Division. In the 1950s, Cleveland Diesel Engine expanded with the acquisition of plants at 2160 W. 106th St. and 8200 Clinton Rd. The advent of nuclear-powered submarines in the 1950's reduced the US Navy's need for the large diesel engines produced by Cleveland Diesel and in 1962, GM closed down the division and transferred any remaining engine production to Electro-Motive Division's La Grange plant in McCook, Illinois. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Colmotores|GM Colmotores]]||[[w:Bogotá|Bogotá]]||[[w:Colombia|Colombia]]||Products from [[w:GM do Brasil|GM do Brasil]]: [[w:Chevrolet Onix#First generation (2013)|Chevrolet Joy]] 

&lt;br /&gt;Products from [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]]: [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet F-Series Bus]], [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet F-Series truck]], [[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series Bus]], [[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series truck]], Chevrolet LV-series Bus 

||1979||2024||Founded in 1956 as Colmotores, production began in 1962 with the [[w:Austin Motor Company|Austin]] brand, then switched to the [[w:Dodge|Dodge]] brand in 1965 when Chrysler took a 60% stake in what was now Colmotores-Chrysler. GM took over Colmotores in 1979 (Chrysler was dropped from the company name at this point). Chevrolet truck production began in 1980. Chevrolet car production began in 1982. Colmotores became GM Colmotores in 1991. Closed in April 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2024/04/gm-shutting-down-manufacturing-operations-in-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = GM Shutting Down Manufacturing Operations In Colombia And Ecuador|author=Deivis Centeno|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = April 29, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.americaeconomia.com/en/business-industries/general-motors-announces-end-car-manufacturing-operations-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = General Motors announces the end of car manufacturing operations in Colombia and Ecuador|publisher=AmericaEconomia.com|date = April 26, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Past products from [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]: [[w:Chevrolet C/K#Third generation (1973–1991)|Chevrolet C-10]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K#Third generation (1973–1991)|Chevrolet C-30]], [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]], [[w:GMC Brigadier|Chevrolet Brigadier/Super Brigadier]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:GM do Brasil|GM do Brasil]]: [[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Latin America|Chevrolet Chevette]], [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt#Second generation (2011)|Chevrolet Cobalt]], [[w:Opel Ascona#Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]]: [[w:Isuzu Faster|Chevrolet LUV]], [[w:Isuzu Trooper#First generation (1981–1991)|Chevrolet Trooper]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]]: [[w:Suzuki Cultus#First generation (1983)|Chevrolet Sprint]] (note: this is the same name as the one that was sold in the U.S. and Canada in the 80's), [[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Chevrolet Swift]], [[w:Suzuki Alto#Fifth generation (1998)|Chevrolet Alto]], [[w:Suzuki Cultus Crescent|Chevrolet Esteem]], [[w:Suzuki Jimny#Third generation (1998)|Chevrolet Jimny]], [[w:Suzuki Jimny#Second generation (1981)|Chevrolet Samurai]], [[w:Suzuki Solio#Predecessor: Wagon R-Wide (MA61S/MB61S; 1997)|Chevrolet Wagon R+]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:Opel|Opel]]: [[w:Opel Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa]]&lt;br /&gt;Past products from [[w:GM Korea|Daewoo/GM Korea]]: [[w:Daewoo Matiz#Second generation (M200, M250; 2005)|Chevrolet Spark]], [[w:Daewoo Matiz#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Chevrolet Spark GT]], [[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Chevrolet Optra]], [[w:Daewoo Kalos|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt;Products from [[w:SAIC-GM|SAIC-GM]]: [[w:Chevrolet Sail#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Sail]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Constantine Transmission||[[w:Constantine, Michigan|Constantine, Michigan]]||United States||Automatic Transmissions||Between 1977 and 1980||Between 1987 and 1994|| Part of GM St. Joseph County Operations &amp; GM Hydramatic Division.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Danville Foundry||[[w:Danville, Illinois|Danville, Illinois]]||United States||[[w:Casting|Iron castings]]||1943||1995|| Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. Leased by [[w:Defense Plant Corporation|Defense Plant Corporation]] to pour castings for military equipment during [[w:World War II|World War II]]. Also supplied castings to Ford, Chrysler, and AMC. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Delco Chassis||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia, Michigan]]||United States||Bumpers||1953||1998||Site bought by GM in 1953. Located at 12950 and 13000 Eckles Road. Buildings demolished in 2001. Redeveloped into multi-tenant commercial use. One of the tenants is Amazon. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Moraine NDH]] Dayton North (NDH=New Departure Hyatt)||[[w:Dayton, Ohio|Dayton, Ohio]] (Needmore Rd.)||United States||Master Cylinders/Brake Pads/Brake Calipers/ABS Assemblies||1965||1999||Located at 3100 Needmore Road. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive|Delphi]] in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2008. Demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Moraine NDH]] Dayton South (NDH=New Departure Hyatt)||[[w:Dayton, Ohio|Dayton, Ohio]] (Wisconsin Blvd.)||United States||Engine Bearings/Master Cylinders/Brake Pads/Brake Calipers/ABS Assemblies||1936||1999||Located at 1420 Wisconsin Boulevard. Delphi Chassis Systems. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive|Delphi]] in 1999. Demolished in 2003.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Moraine NDH]] (NDH=New Departure Hyatt)||[[w:Sandusky, Ohio|Sandusky, Ohio]]||United States||Wheel Bearings &amp; Wheel Bearing Assemblies||1946||1999||Located at 2509 Hayes Ave. Transferred to Delphi in 1995 which was then spun off in 1999, later sold to Hephaestus Holdings Inc. (HHI, Inc.), through its subsidiary Kyklos Bearing International (KBI) in 2008. HHI's parent, KPS Capital Partners, sold HHI to American Securities LLC in 2012. American Securities combined HHI with Metaldyne, which it also acquired in 2012, to form Metaldyne Performance Group (MPG) in 2014. Metaldyne closed the plant in 2017 when it exited the wheel bearing business.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Products]]||[[w:Kettering, Ohio|Kettering, Ohio]]||United States||Shock Absorbers, Struts, Impact Absorbers, Electric Motors, Windshield Wiper Assemblies||1957||1999||Located at 2555 Woodman Dr. (Administrative offices were at 2000 Forrer Blvd.) Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. A large portion of the site has been used by [[w:Tenneco|Tenneco Inc.]] since 2008. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[Delco Products Overseas Corp.]]||[[w:Dunstable|Dunstable]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Windshield wiper motors, Wiper/washer units, Heater blower motors, Cooling fan motors, Ignition coils, Distributors, etc.||1934|| ?||Located on High Street North. In 1923, AC Sphinx Sparking Plug Co., Ltd. was created by a 50/50 merger of the British branch of AC Spark Plug Co. and the Sphinx Manufacturing Co., a British spark plug manufacturer based in Birmingham. When AC Spark Plug founder Albert Champion died in 1927, AC Sphinx became wholly owned by AC Spark Plug Co. of Flint, MI. GM was already the major shareholder in AC Spark Plug and took it over completely in 1933, including AC Sphinx in the UK. AC Sphinx Sparking Plug Co., Ltd. moved to Dunstable from their original site in Birmingham beginning in 1934. The transfer to Dunstable was completed in 1936 and the Birmingham plant was relinquished. Dunstable made spark plugs as well as many other automotive components. In 1946, GM Ltd. acquired AC Sphinx as well as Delco-Remy and Hyatt Ltd. from parent GM in the US. In 1947, AC Sphinx was renamed AC-Sphinx Plug Co., a division of GM Ltd. In 1952, AC-Sphinx Plug Co. was renamed AC-Delco division of GM Ltd. When the Southampton plant was added in 1952, production of automotive filters (air filters, fuel filters) was moved there from Dunstable. When the Kirkby plant was added in 1958, production of fuel pumps, thermostats, and instruments was moved there from Dunstable. In 1979, Dunstable became aligned with Delco Products in the US. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and Dunstable became Delco Products Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Anaheim, California|Anaheim, California]]||United States||Batteries||1954||1999||Known as Plant 13. Located at 1201 N. Magnolia St. Supplied batteries to GM's California assembly plants like Fremont, Southgate and Van Nuys and to the West Coast aftermarket. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2005. Demolished. Is now Northgate Gonzalez Market. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Anderson, Indiana|Anderson, Indiana]]||United States||Starters, Generators, HEI Ignition, DIS Ignition, Switches, Magnets||1906||1994/1999|| The Heavy Duty Systems unit and a portion of the Automotive Systems unit (passenger car cranking motors) were spun off as [[w:Remy International|Delco Remy International]] in 1994, which was renamed [[w:Remy International|Remy International]] in 2004. Delco Remy International closed all manufacturing in Anderson in 2003. These parts of Delco Remy (the parts not spun off into Remy International) - Ignition (Plant 20) and Generator (Plant 11) products along with the Engineering Center (Plant 18) and Tooling (Plant 16) - merged with AC Rochester in 1994 to form AC Delco Systems. AC Delco Systems became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Delphi has since closed all 4 facilities in Anderson. Plant 11 closed in 2005 &amp; was demolished in 2006. Plant 16 (2316 Jefferson St.) was sold in 2011 ERTL Enterprises &amp; is now used by multiple businesses. Plant 18 (2900 South Scatterfield Road) closed in 2003 &amp; was turned over to the city Of Anderson in 2006. Plant 20 (2812 E 38th St.) closed in 2007 &amp; is now a distribution center for Sutong Tire Resources, a Chinese tire importer. Plant 45, at 6435 South Scatterfield Road, was the Magnequench plant that produced rare earth neodymium magnets. That business is now owned by NEO Material Technologies of Toronto, Ontario, Canada but the plant itself is now owned by Home Design Products, which makes plastic chairs and other products.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Bloomfield, New Jersey|Bloomfield, New Jersey]]||United States||Batteries||1936||1945||Located on 55 La France Ave. During WWII, became part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division from 1942 making wiring harnesses, hydraulic tubing and assemblies, and ammunition boxes for the Avenger bombers &amp; Wildcat fighters made by Eastern Aircraft. After WWII, it was replaced by the New Brunswick Battery Plant as it wasn't considered economically practical to convert back to battery production. Bloomfield produced 8 million batteries for Delco Remy. In 1950, the plant was sold to General Plastics for doing fluoropolymer coating.  General Plastics and the building still exist today.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Fitzgerald, Georgia|Fitzgerald, Georgia]]||United States||Batteries||1973||1999||Known as Plant 22. Located at 342 Perry House Road. Supplied batteries to GM's Georgia assembly plants like Lakewood and Doraville and to the regional aftermarket. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Delphi sold its battery business to Johnson Controls in in July 2005 but the Fitzgerald plant continued supplying batteries to Johnson Controls through 2007. Closed by Delphi in 2007. Demolished. 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Meridian, Mississippi|Meridian, Mississippi]]||United States||Starting motors, permanent magnet gear reduction cranking motors, powdered metal forge||1976||1994||Plant was originally built for National Homes Corp. Known as Plant 25. Spun off with [[w:Remy International|Delco Remy International]] in 1994. Closed by Delco Remy International in 1998. Production consolidated in Anderson, Indiana.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]/&lt;br&gt;[[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]]||[[w:Muncie, Indiana|Muncie, Indiana]]||United States||Sheridan automobiles &lt;br&gt;Batteries||1919&lt;br&gt;1928||1921&lt;br&gt;1978||Located on West Willard Street. Originally built in 1908 by [[w:Inter-State Automobile Company|Inter-State Automobile Company]] which went bankrupt in 1913 and was renamed Inter-State Motor Company, resuming production in 1914. Built tractors for the military in WWI but did not resume civilian production in 1918 and the factory was idled. GM owned the plant from 1919-1921 to build the [[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]] brand. Sold to [[w:Durant Motors|Durant Motors]] in 1921. Bought by Delco Remy division of GM in 1928. Known as Plant 9. Replaced by more modern Plant 26 in 1978. Plant 9 was demolished in 1978-79. 

|- 


|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Muncie, Indiana|Muncie, Indiana]]||United States||Batteries||1977||1994|| Located at 4500 S.  Delaware Dr. Known as Plant 26. Replaced Plant 9 in 1978. Plant 26 closed and was demolished in 1998.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:New Brunswick, New Jersey|New Brunswick, New Jersey]]||United States||Batteries||1946||1999||Known as Plant 12. Located at 167 Jersey Ave. Replaced the pre-war Bloomfield plant. Supplied batteries to GM's East Coast assembly plants like Tarrytown, Wilmington, and Baltimore and to the East Coast aftermarket. Started making Freedom batteries in 1973 for Chevy Vega. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Delphi sold to Johnson Controls in August 2006. Closed by Johnson Controls in 2007. Partly demolished in 2014 (the south half of the building along with the guard shack in front of the plant). The remaining facility at the north end of the property is now the Cal-Chlor Corp. East Packaging and Distribution Facility. The former south end of the plant is now used for storage by Cal-Chlor.

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delco Remy|Delco Remy]]||[[w:Olathe, Kansas|Olathe, Kansas]]||United States||Batteries||1956||1999||Known as Plant 14. Located at 400 W. Dennis Ave. Supplied batteries to GM's Midwest assembly plants like Fairfax, Oklahoma City and Wentzville. Olathe was the first plant to produce the maintenance-free battery in 1970-1971 employing what was described as wire wound grid technology. The product was sold exclusively to JC Penny. Spun off with Delphi Automotive Systems in 1999. Last product produced was a heavy duty battery for Caterpillar. Closed by Delphi in 2005. Demolished. Site being redeveloped as Olathe Commerce Park. Some of the site is now a Jett Trucking terminal.

|-

|9 (1979-1988)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; Q&amp;nbsp;(1971-1978)||[[w:Detroit Assembly|Detroit Assembly]] (Cadillac Clark Street plant)||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]s including &lt;br&gt;  [[w:Cadillac Series 62|Cadillac Series 62]] (1940-1942, 1946-1964),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Calais|Cadillac Calais]] (1965-1976), &lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac DeVille|Cadillac DeVille]] (1949-1984),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Sixty Special|Cadillac Sixty Special]] (1938-1942, 1946-1976),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham|Cadillac Fleetwood Brougham]] (1977-1986),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Brougham|Cadillac Brougham]] (1987-1988),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Eldorado|Cadillac Eldorado]] (1953-1978),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#1957–1958 Eldorado Brougham|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (Series 70)]] (1957-1958),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#1959–60 Eldorado Brougham|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (Series 6900)]] (1959-1960) (chassis &amp; final finishing),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Cadillac Seville#First generation (1976–1979)|Cadillac Seville]] (1976-1979), &lt;br /&gt;[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] (1934-1940)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Third generation (1977–1990)|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1986-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#Second generation (1977–1990)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1985-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 88#Eighth generation (1977–1985)|Oldsmobile Delta 88]] (1984-1985) &lt;br /&gt;Cadillac engines (V8, V12, V16) &lt;br /&gt; LaSalle straight-8 (1934-1936) (based on Oldsmobile straight-8 but assembled by Cadillac from Oldsmobile supplied components)||1921||1987||Located at 2860 Clark St. This was Cadillac's home plant and built all Cadillacs until 1971. During WWII, it built M5 &amp; M5A1 Stuart tanks and M24 Chaffee tanks. Cadillac also built the V8 engines that powered these tanks &amp; it also supplied engines to power these tank models made by other GM divisions and other companies as well as to power other types of armored vehicles. Cadillac also made components for aircraft engines made by GM's Allison Division. Cadillac also made M8 75mm howitzer motor carriages &amp; M19 Twin 40mm anti-aircraft carriages. Factory closed December 1987. Chrome plating operation closed in March 1993. Engineering building (including tool room) closed in March 1994. Demolished entirely. Redeveloped into Clark Street Technology Park in 1997. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fleetwood Metal Body#Purchase by Fisher|Fleetwood - Detroit Body Assembly]] (Fisher Body No. 18)||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Bodies for [[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]] &amp; [[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]]||1917||1987||Originally built to build aircraft for World War I. Taken over by Fisher Body in 1919 &amp; given to Fleetwood Metal Body after Fisher Body took over Fleetwood in 1925. Fleetwood Metal Body plant. Also known as Fisher Body Plant #18. Supplied bodies to Cadillac's Clark St. plant in Detroit. Located at 261 West End Ave in the [[w:Delray, Detroit|Delray]] neighborhood of Detroit. Redeveloped into Container Port Group's Detroit facility. 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Detroit Diesel|Detroit Diesel]]||[[w:Redford, Michigan|Redford, Michigan]]||United States||Diesel engines for commercial vehicles||1938||1994||Located at 13400 W. Outer Drive. Was the Detroit Diesel-Allison Division from 1970 through 1987 when it again became the the Detroit Diesel Division. Spun off in 1988 as the Detroit Diesel Corp., a joint venture with Penske Corp., which had a majority stake of 60%. Penske increased its stake to 80% later in 1988 and then to 100% in 1994. Penske sold Detroit Diesel to DaimlerChrysler in 2000. DaimlerChrysler became Daimler AG in 2007. In 2019, Daimler AG spun off its truck and bus operations including Detroit Diesel into a separate company called Daimler Truck Holding AG.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Detroit Forge||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Forged metal components||c.1919||1994||Located at 8435 St Aubin St.  Straddles the border of [[w:Detroit|Detroit]] and [[w:Hamtramck|Hamtramck]]. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] &amp; Manufacturing Inc. in 1994. Closed in 2008, subsequently demolished around 2014.  

|- 

|3||Chevrolet-Detroit Truck &amp; Bus Plant||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Step-Van|Chevrolet Step-Van]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Step-Van|GMC Value-Van]]&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet &amp; GMC P-Series motorhome &amp; commercial chassis&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet van#1992–1996|Chevrolet Van G30 HD/ GMC Vandura G3500 HD cutaway]] (Based on P-series P30 chassis with extended front end &amp;  forward-tilting hood) 1993-1996||1974||1999||Located at 601 Piquette Ave. in Detroit (Formerly Fisher Body No. 23). P-Series motorhome &amp; stepvan chassis business (Commercial and Motorhome Chassis Division) was sold to investors (not including the Detroit plant) and became Workhorse Custom Chassis in 1999. Workhorse was later acquired by Navistar International in 2005, which later closed the Workhorse business in 2012 and sold the assets to AMP Electric Vehicles in 2013.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Detroit Transmission Division - Detroit||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Hydramatic|Hydramatic]] automatic transmissions||1939||1949||Was located at 5140 Riopelle St. (between Farnsworth St. &amp; Theodore St.) in what had been Fisher Body Plant #10. Original assembly site for the world's first production, fully automatic transmission and the headquarters of the new GM division created to produce it - the Detroit Transmission Division. First production Hydramatic shipped to Oldsmobile in October 1939. Debuted on the 1940 Oldsmobile. A heavier-duty version then launched on the 1941 Cadillac. Hydramatics continued to be produced during World War II for use in M5/M5A1 Stuart and M24 Chafee tanks (mated to Cadillac V8s), T17E1 Staghound and  T18E2 Boarhound armored cars (mated to GMC inline-6's), M8 75mm howitzer motor carriages (mated to Cadillac V8s), LVT-3 Bushmaster amphibious landing vehicles (mated to Cadillac V8s), &amp; Mark 1 Armored Snowmobiles made by Bombardier of Canada (mated to a Cadillac V8). Hydramatic became optional on Pontiacs in 1948. Hydramatic also became optional on Lincolns in 1949. The 1 millionth Hydramatic was built in January 1949. Needing more production capacity than the original factory in Detroit could handle, the Detroit Transmission Division relocated to a newer and much bigger plant in Livonia, Michigan in September 1949. Was later used by Cadillac as a parts warehouse supplying its Clark St. plant in Detroit. Closed by GM in the early 1980's and sold. Was subsequently used by Total Foods. Last occupied by Palmer Promotional Products. Heavily damaged by a fire in February 2014. The remains of the building were then demolished by summer 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Detroit Transmission Division - Livonia||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Hydramatic|Hydramatic]] automatic transmissions||1949||1953||The Detroit Transmission Division moved from Detroit to a newer and larger factory in Livonia in 1949. In addition to Pontiac, Oldsmobile, &amp; Cadillac, Livonia also supplied Hydramatics to Lincoln, Nash, Hudson, Kaiser, and Fraser. However, the factory burned down in August 1953 causing 6 deaths and more than $80 million in damage. GM quickly arranged to lease Kaiser’s Willow Run factory to replace the destroyed Livonia plant and GM then bought the plant outright in November 1953 for $26 million. Salvaged equipment from Livonia was taken to [[w:Willow Run#General Motors operations|Willow Run]]; see [[w:Willow Run Transmission|Willow Run Transmission]]. 

|- 

|5&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;C (1962-1978)||[[w:General Motors Diesel|General Motors Diesel]]||[[w:London, Ontario|London, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:List of GM-EMD locomotives|EMD Locomotives]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM New Look (Fishbowl) Bus|GM New Look bus]] (1961-1978)&lt;br /&gt;Terex earthmovers (1965-1980)&lt;br /&gt;Military vehicles including:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:AVGP|Grizzly/Cougar/Husky LAV I]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LAV II|LAV II (LAV-25/Bison/Coyote)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LAV III|LAV III]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Stryker|Stryker]]||1950 (GM Electro-Motive Division)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;1961 (Transit bus)||1979 (Transit bus)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2003 (GM Defense)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2005 (GM Electro-Motive Division)||Transit bus production began in London, Ontario in late 1961. Transit bus production moved to Saint-Eustache factory in 1979. The part of the property making military vehicles (armored fighting vehicles like the [[w:Stryker|Stryker]]) as GM Defense was sold in 2003 to [[w:General Dynamics Land Systems|General Dynamics Land Systems]], becoming [[w:General Dynamics Land Systems#General Dynamics Land Systems Canada|General Dynamics Land Systems – Canada (GDLS-C)]]. Located at 1991 Oxford St E. Interestingly, General Dynamics Land Systems was originally formed in 1982 when General Dynamics bought Chrysler Defense, Chrysler's tank division in the US, which was then renamed General Dynamics Land Systems. The locomotive operations were sold in 2005 and renamed [[w:Electro-Motive Diesel|Electro-Motive Diesel]], Inc. Electro-Motive was then sold to [[w:Caterpillar Inc.|Caterpillar's]] [[w:Progress Rail|Progress Rail]] subsidiary in 2010. The London, ON plant was then shuttered in 2012 &amp; operations moved to a new plant in Muncie, Indiana. This part of the plant is now used by HCL Logistics, which provides logistics services to next door General Dynamics Land Systems – Canada. Located at 2021 Oxford St. E.  

|- 

|3 (1981-1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;M (1979-1980)||[[w:General Motors Diesel|General Motors Diesel]] Saint-Eustache Bus Plant||[[w:Saint-Eustache, Quebec|Saint-Eustache, Quebec]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:GM New Look (Fishbowl) Bus|GM New Look bus]] (1979-1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Classic (transit bus)|GM Classic bus]] (1983-1987)||1979||1987||Located at 1000 Industriel Blvd. Manufactures [[w:transit bus|transit bus]]es. GM consolidated Canadian transit bus production here from the London, Ontario and St. Laurent, Quebec plants in 1979. New Look transit bus production ended in 1986. Sold to [[w:Motor Coach Industries|Motor Coach Industries]], along with the designs for the [[w:Classic (transit bus)|Classic]] bus models this factory still produced in 1987. Later sold to [[w:Nova Bus|Nova Bus]] in 1993. Production of the Classic model bus ended in 1997. Still owned by [[w:Nova Bus|Nova Bus]], which is owned by [[w:Volvo AB|Volvo AB]] through [[w:Prevost (bus manufacturer)|Prevost Car]]. Prevost bought 51% of Nova Bus in 1998 and bought the remaining 49% from Henlys Group in 2004. 

|- 

|M|| [[w:General Motors Diesel|General Motors Diesel]] Saint Laurent Bus Plant || [[w:Saint Laurent, Quebec|Saint Laurent, Quebec]] || Canada || [[w:GM New Look bus|GM New Look bus]] (1975-1979)

|| 1974 || 1979 || Bus operations moved to [[w:Saint-Eustache, Quebec|Saint-Eustache, Quebec]]. 

|- 

|D &lt;br /&gt;(1960-1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] and 1965-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; C (1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;A (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] and Pre-1960 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;6 (Pre-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Doraville Assembly|Doraville Assembly]]||[[w:Doraville, Georgia|Doraville, Georgia]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Uplander|Chevrolet Uplander]] (2005-2008 &amp; '09 in Canada)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Montana#Second generation (2005)|Pontiac Montana SV6]] (2005-2006 &amp; '07-'09 in Canada)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Terraza|Buick Terraza]] (2005-2007)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saturn Relay|Saturn Relay]] (2005-2007)||1947||2008||Located at 3900 Motors Industrial Way. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. First vehicle built in Nov. 1947 was an Oldsmobile. Some of the original property bought by GM for the Doraville plant in 1945 was deemed as excess and was sold off. One of the parts that was sold (82 acres) was sold to Chevrolet to build a parts warehouse. Doraville began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1964. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Oldsmobile and Pontiac production ended in Dec. 1965, leaving just Chevrolet and Buick. Oldsmobile production resumed in Aug. 1967 for the 1968 model year. Oldsmobile production again ended in April 1970 followed by Buick production in July 1970. Pontiac production resumed in Aug. 1970 for the 1971 model year. B-body full-size Chevrolet and Pontiac production ended in Dec. 1973 and midsize A-body Chevrolet and Oldsmobile production began in Jan. 1974.[https://dekalbhistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/history-of-doraville-gm-plant.pdf] Doraville switched to building fwd A-body Oldsmobiles and Buicks for 1982. Doraville then switched to building W-body Oldsmobiles for 1988. Passenger car production ended in 1995 and the Cutlass Supreme coupe &amp; sedan were moved to Fairfax II during 1995 while the convertible was discontinued. Doraville was converted to build minivans for 1997. Production ended in September 2008. Last vehicle built was a Chevy Uplander. Demolished in 2014-2015. Site is being redeveloped. Parts of the site are now occupied by Nalley Automotive Group (Infiniti dealership &amp; a Collision Center), Mike Rezi Nissan (formerly Nalley Nissan), Assembly Studios Atlanta, Third Rail Studios at Assembly Atlanta, and Serta Simmons Bedding.&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Venture|Chevrolet Venture]] (1997-2005), [[w:Oldsmobile Silhouette#Second generation (1997–2004)|Oldsmobile Silhouette]] (1997-2004), [[w:Pontiac Trans Sport#Second generation (1997-1999)|Pontiac Trans Sport]] (1997-1998), [[w:Pontiac Montana|Pontiac Montana]] (1999-2005), [[w:Pontiac Trans Sport#Second generation (Chevrolet)|Chevrolet Trans Sport]] (Europe: '97-'04), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1982-1987), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick Lesabre]] (1959-1970), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1951-1952, 1954-1958), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1950-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1955, 1957-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963, 1965-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1964-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1964-70), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-74), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle#Third generation (1973–1977)|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1974-77), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1964-1974), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1975-1980), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Fourth generation (intermediate) 1973–1977|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (Gen 4) (1974-1977), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Fifth-generation (intermediate) 1978–1988|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (Gen 5) (1978-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1982-1987), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fifth generation (1988–1997)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1988-1995), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1966, 1968-1970), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1948-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1966),  [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958, 1960-1966), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#First generation (1962–1964)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1964), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1960-1966, 1971-1974), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1951, 1953, 1955, 1958), [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1973-1974), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1964), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1961),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1974-1981), [[w:GMC Sprint |GMC Sprint]] (1974-77), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1981),&lt;br&gt;  [[w:Opel Sintra|Opel Sintra]]/[[w:Vauxhall Sintra|Vauxhall Sintra]] (1997-1999). 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors East Africa||[[w:Nairobi|Nairobi]]||[[w:Kenya|Kenya]]||[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;Isuzu buses&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;||1977||2017||Originally established in 1975 as GM Kenya, a joint venture with the Kenyan govt. Renamed GM East Africa in 2003. Other shareholders are Kenya’s Industrial and Commercial Development Corporation (ICDC): 20%, Centum Investment Co. Ltd.: 17.8%, &amp; Itochu Corporation: 4.5%. 

Isuzu moved pickup production to South Africa in 2012 so it could focus on trucks &amp; buses at the Nairobi plant. &lt;br /&gt; 

GM sold its 57.7% stake in the factory to Isuzu in 2017 and left the Kenyan market. Now known as Isuzu East Africa. &lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Isuzu D-Max|Isuzu D-Max]], [[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]], [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||ELAZ-GM||[[w:Yelabuga|Yelabuga]], [[w:Tatarstan|Tatarstan]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]]||1996||2001||GM owned about 25% &amp; ELAZ owned the other 75%. Joint venture dissolved in 2001.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Electro Motive Division|Electro Motive Division]] - [[w:Electro-Motive Diesel#EMD La Grange (McCook)|La Grange Operations]]||[[w:McCook, Illinois|McCook, Illinois]]||United States||[[w:List of GM-EMD locomotives|Locomotives]]&lt;br /&gt;Engines&lt;br /&gt;Components||1936|| ||Located at 9301 W. 55th St.&lt;br /&gt; Electro-Motive headquarters and R&amp;D operations. Locomotive production ended in 1991 and was moved to London, ON, Canada. Sold in 2005, renamed [[w:Electro-Motive Diesel|Electro-Motive Diesel]], bought by Caterpillar's Progress Rail subsidiary in 2010.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Elmore Manufacturing Company|Elmore]]||[[w:Clyde, Ohio|Clyde]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Elmore automobiles||1909||1912|| Factory was located on Amanda St. Bought by GM in November 1909. Elmore was known for its two-stroke engines. GM closed it down in the fall of 1912. GM sold the factory to a truckmaker named Krebs Commercial Car Company in 1912. In 1917, Krebs Commercial Car Company merged with Clyde Cars Company and Lincoln Motor Truck Company to form what became Clydesdale Motor Truck Company in 1919. Clydesdale Motor Truck Company closed in 1939 and the factory was then used by Clyde Porcelain Steel Company until the factory burned down November 11, 1945. The factory would be rebuilt and used for making washing machines by various companies, most recently, Whirlpool Corp.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Ewing||[[w:Geneva, Ohio|Geneva]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Ewing automobiles||1909||1911||Bought by GM in October 1909. Made taxis. GM closed it down in 1911.

|-

|X (1965–1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;K (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] &amp; [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;4 (Pre-1965 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Fairfax Assembly|Fairfax Assembly]] (Fairfax I)||[[w:Kansas City, Kansas|Kansas City, Kansas]]||United States||[[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971-1973), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963, 1971-1974), [[w:Buick Estate|Buick Estate]] (1970-1979), [[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick Electra Estate]] (1980-1987), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1985), [[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick LeSabre Estate]] (1980-1987), [[w:Buick Limited|Buick Limited]] (1958), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1948-1949, 1951, 1953, 1956-1958), [[w:Buick Skylark#First generation (1961–1963)|Buick Skylark]] (1962-1963), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special (B-body)]] (1947-1950, 1952-1958), [[w:Buick Special#1961–1963|Buick Special (Y-body)]] (1962-1963), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1982-1987), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1982-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1948-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile F-85|Oldsmobile F-85/&lt;br&gt;Cutlass]] (1962-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1974-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Sixth generation (1977–1981)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-70, 1975-1981), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1981), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1950-1958), [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-1968), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1968), [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1971-1975), [[w:Pontiac LeMans#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac LeMans]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Parisienne#Fifth generation: 1977–1986|Pontiac Parisienne]] (1984-1986), [[w:Pontiac Safari|Pontiac Safari]] (1987), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1954-1959, 1964, 1966), [[w:Pontiac Tempest#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac Tempest]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961) ||1946||1987||Located at 100 Kindelberger Road. Originally, the location of the [[w:North American Aviation|North American Aviation]] Bomber Production Plant (built in 1940) where the [[w:B-25 Mitchell|B-25 Mitchell]] was manufactured during World War II. After the war, GM leased it in 1945 and converted the plant to auto production. Automotive production began in June 1946. GM later bought the plant in 1960. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Fairfax mostly focused on full-size cars ([[w:General Motors A platform (RWD)#1926-1959|A-]], B-, &amp; C-body) but it also built B-O-P Y-body compact cars for 1962-1963. Fairfax only began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1982. Also built [[w:F-84F Thunderstreak|F-84F Thunderstreak]] fighter jets alongside cars beginning in 1952 and ending in May 1955 when the contract ended. Plant closed May 1987. Production moved to new building on adjacent site (Fairfax II) for 1988 model year production. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:History of General Motors#Corporate restructuring and operating losses|Fiat-GM Powertrain Polska]]||[[w:Bielsko-Biala|Bielsko-Biala]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Fiat JTD engine#1.3 JTDm/Multijet/CDTI/D/DDiS/HDi|GM Small Diesel Engine]] ||2003||2010|| Engine began production here in 2003 as part of Fiat-GM Powertrain, a 50/50 joint venture between GM &amp; Fiat involving joint development and production of engines and transmissions. The joint venture was disbanded in 2005. As part of the dissolution, GM took a 50% stake in the Bielsko-Biala engine plant and the intellectual property of the 1.3 liter diesel engine produced there. In 2010, GM sold its half of the Bielsko-Biala engine plant back to Fiat. However, GM kept its half of the intellectual property of the 1.3 liter diesel engine produced there and continued to source the 1.3 liter diesel engine from the Bielsko-Biala engine plant. Chevrolet stopped using this engine around 2015. Opel was still using this engine when it was sold by GM to PSA in 2017. Opel last used this engine in 2019. This plant became part of [[w:Fiat Chrysler Automobiles|FCA]] in 2014 when Fiat and Chrysler Group merged. This plant became part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] in 2021 when FCA merged with PSA Group. Stellantis has announced that the Bielsko-Biala engine plant will close by the end of 2024.   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body No. 10||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Auto bodies ||1917-&lt;br /&gt;1919||1939||Was located at 5140 Riopelle St. (between Farnsworth St. &amp; Theodore St.).GM bought 60% of Fisher Body in 1919 and bought the remainder in 1926. From 1926, Fisher Body only supplied bodies to GM brands. In 1939, became headquarters and manufacturing site of GM's new Detroit Transmission Division, which manufactured Hydramatic fully automatic transmissions that first appeared on the 1940 Oldsmobile.
|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 12]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States|| ||1916||1942||Located at 1961 E. Milwaukee Ave. Previously used by Metzger Motor Car Company from 1910-1913 and [[w:Maxwell Motor Company|Maxwell Motor Company]] from 1913-1916. Owned by Fisher from 1916-1942 then sold to J. Lee Hackett Co. which owned it until 1973. Used for warehousing from 1973-1981 and then demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 21]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States||Bodies for Buick &amp; Cadillac&lt;br /&gt;Engineering and Tool &amp; Die operations&lt;br /&gt;Bodies for Cadillac limousines&lt;br /&gt;Pre-production Pilot bodies||1919||1984||Located at 700 Piquette Ave. In 1999, was re-addressed as 6051 Hastings Street. Made bodies for Buick through 1926 when Buick body production moved to Fisher Body Plant No. 1 - Flint on S. Saginaw St. Made bodies for Cadillac through 1929 when Cadillac body production moved to the Fisher Body Plant No. 18/Fleetwood Body plant. Became an engineering facility from 1930-1955. Produced parts for B-25 &amp; B-29 bombers in World War II (Aircraft Unit). Also did product development and engineering during World War II (Central Development and Experimental Unit). In 1955, GM transferred production of Cadillac limousine bodies from the Fleetwood plant in Detroit to Fisher #21 plant due to it being a low-volume operation. Closed April 1984. Sold to Cameo Color Coat in 1985 which transferred it to Carter Color Coat in 1990. Carter Color Coat then went bankrupt and the property was abandoned in 1993. GM removed some paints and other hazardous materials in the early 1990s. It's been owned by the city of Detroit since 2000. Now being converted into Fisher 21 Lofts, a mixed residential and commercial development scheduled to open in 2027.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 23/23B]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States||Tool &amp; Die plant through 1972.||1921||1972||Located at 601 Piquette Ave. #23 was the six story portion while #23B was the one story portion. Known as the Detroit Die and Machine Plant. In WWII, made B-25, B-29, P-80 aircraft tools and fixtures; M4, M10, M36, M26, M18 tank parts; 3-inch and 5-inch Naval Gun Breech Housings, 155mm and 8-in. gun parts, Diesel Engine parts and Torqmatic Transmission parts. Became Chevrolet's Detroit Truck &amp; Bus plant in 1974. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Fisher Body#Fisher Body Corporation and General Motors|Fisher Body No. 37]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], Michigan||United States||Large bodyside stampings||1919||1985||Located at 950 E Milwaukee Ave. Produced aircraft and tank assemblies, 90 mm AA guns, 5” naval gun housings and Lockheed missile parts during World War II. In 1989, bought by Lakeside Stamping which was renamed New Center Stamping in 1994. In 2019, New Center Stamping Inc. was taken over by Soave Enterprises and still stamps parts for automakers including GM, Ford, and Stellantis. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body No. 40||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Tooling ||1928||1983-1984||Was located at 1500 E. Ferry St. Plant 41 was next door and was used for storage. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body Overseas Corp. - Dundonald plant||[[w:Dundonald, County Down|Dundonald]], [[w:Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] ||Seat Belts, window regulators, door locks, door switches, &amp; other automotive hardware||1980||1988||Located at 770 Upper Newtownards Road at the corner of Carrowreagh Road. Dundonald is an eastern suburb of Belfast. From 1966-1977, was a Rolls-Royce plant making aircraft engine parts. GM's Fisher Body division bought the plant in 1978 and reopened it in 1979. Production began in 1980. In 1982, the Dundonald plant became part of Fisher Body Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp. Sold to Takata Corp. in 1988. Operated as European Components Corp. (ECC) and later as TK-ECC, still making seat belts, until it was closed in 2004. Plant was later demolished.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body Overseas Corp. - Kennedy Way plant||[[w:Belfast|Belfast]], [[w:Northern Ireland|Northern Ireland]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]] ||Seat Belt Buckles, Door switches, &amp; other automotive hardware||1982||?||Located in Kennedy Way Industrial Estate on Blackstaff Road in western Belfast. The Kennedy Way plant was part of Fisher Body Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Flint Plant #1|Flint Body Assembly]] (Fisher Body Flint Plant #1)||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint]], Michigan||United States||Bodies for Buick and later also Chevrolet &amp; Oldsmobile&lt;br /&gt;||1923||1987||Located at 4000-4500 S. Saginaw St. Originally a [[w:Durant Motors|Durant Motors]] plant. Bought by GM in 1926. Became Fisher Body Plant No. 1 - Flint. Supplied bodies to the Buick plant in Flint (later known as Buick City). After Buick City switched to unibody, fwd cars for 1986, Flint Body began supplying bodies for G-cars built at the Pontiac Assembly plant in Pontiac, MI. Closed in Dec. 1987 when G-body production at Pontiac Assembly ended. Last body built was a Buick Regal Grand National to be completed at Pontiac Assembly. Most of the site was demolished and the remainder was converted into the Great Lakes Technology Center. GM leased space there for R&amp;D and offices (including AC Rochester world headquarters) until 2009. Various medical-related companies now occupy much of the property. The original administration building at 4300 S. Saginaw St. still stands as of 2022 and still has a Fisher Body logo at the top of the front of the building in the center.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Flint V8 Engine Plant/Flint Engine South|Chevrolet-Flint (V8) Engine Plant]] (Van Slyke Road)||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)|Chevrolet Small-Block V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift I6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:List of Isuzu engines#Isuzu G engine|Isuzu G140 &amp; G161Z SOHC gas&lt;br&gt; 4-cylinder engine for Chevy Chevette &amp; Pontiac 1000/Acadian]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news| title = 1975, Chevrolet Turns to Opel for the New Fuel-Saving Chevette| url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180116081057/https://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/1975%2C_Chevrolet_Turns_to_Opel_for_the_New_Fuel-Saving_Chevette| archive-date = 2018-01-16| publisher = General Motors| access-date = 2014-06-05| url-status = dead}}&lt;/ref&gt;||1954||1999||Located at 3848 Van Slyke Road, down the block from the Flint Truck Assembly Plant. Chevy Small-Block V8 engine production began here on July 9, 1954. Only V8 engines were made until 1961, when 4 &amp; 6 cylinder engines began to be made for the 1962 Chevy II. Around 45 million Chevy small-block V8 engines were built at this plant. Plant closed in 1999 and was demolished. Land is now used by a new paint shop for the [[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly Plant]]. The new paint shop (Flint Assembly Paint Operations) was announced in December 2013 and opened in 2016, replacing the previous paint shop inside the assembly plant. 

|- 

|1 (1928-1947)||[[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Flint Manufacturing Div./Delphi Flint West/Flint Tool and Die|Chevrolet-Flint Manufacturing Complex]] (&quot;Chevy in the Hole&quot;) /&lt;br /&gt; Flint West||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] vehicles including [[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (Gen 1 &amp; 2)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] engines including [[w:Chevrolet Inline-4 engine#171|Chevrolet Inline-4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine|Chevrolet Stovebolt / Blue Flame I6]]&lt;br /&gt;||1913||2004||Located at 300 N. Chevrolet Ave. (formerly known as Wilcox Street). This was Chevrolet's home plant. It predated Chevrolet becoming part of GM in 1918. The complex originally included metal stamping, body assembly, vehicle assembly, engine assembly, and various component manufacturing plants. On January 11, 1940, the 25 millionth GM vehicle built in the US, a 1940 Chevrolet Special Deluxe Sedan, was built here. Plant 2 (vehicle assembly) &amp; 2A (Fisher Body) were replaced by new plants on Van Slyke Road elsewhere in Flint in 1947 (now the [[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly Plant]]). Plant 4 was the engine plant. It closed in 1984 but was ultimately reopened later. In 1987, the complex was taken over by the AC Spark Plug division and became AC Spark Plug Flint West. In 1988, it became AC Rochester Flint West, and in 1994 AC Delco Systems Flint West following further consolidations. In early 1995, it was renamed Delphi Flint West. Around this time, plants in the complex began to be demolished until Plant 4 closed in 2004 and was subsequently demolished. Plant 4 last made generators and fuel filters. Building 35 still exists as part of [[w:Kettering University|Kettering University]]. It is now the C.S. Mott Science and Engineering Building after the addition of another floor and a new façade. Plant 38 still exists as GM's Flint Tool &amp; Die plant. All the other buildings are gone. Much of the property is being redeveloped into a park called [[w:Chevy Commons|Chevy Commons]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Flint North|Flint North]] Powertrain||[[w:Flint, Michigan|Flint, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Buick V8 engine|Buick V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V6 engine|Buick V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Engine Components&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Dynaflow|Dynaflow]] transmissions&lt;br /&gt;transmission components&lt;br /&gt; torque converters&lt;br /&gt;coil springs||1905||2010||Complex was made up of several factories. Flint North is the part of the Buick City factory complex north of Leith St. stretching north to E. Pierson Rd. [[w:Liberty L-12|Liberty aircraft engines]] were made here during WWI. Factory 36 was the engine plant. Factory 36 opened in 1952 and closed in 2008. The remainder of the complex closed by December 2010. Demolished by 2012. Part of the site (1225 E. Marengo Ave.) is now occupied by American SpiralWeld Pipe Co.

|- 

||7||[[w:Arlington Assembly#History|Fort Worth Assembly]]||[[w:Fort Worth, TX|Fort Worth, Texas]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]||1917||1924 

|Built by Chevrolet before it became part of GM. Located at 2601 W. 7th St. (then known as Arlington Heights Blvd.). Is across the street from what is now Montgomery Plaza. A 3rd story was added to the building in 1920. Closed due to flood damage from the April 1922 flooding of the Trinity River and the subsequent imposition of flood-control taxes.&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.com/books?id=mTvuAwAAQBAJ&amp;dq=1920+fort+worth+chevrolet+factory&amp;pg=PA52 Lost Fort Worth, page 52&lt;/ref&gt; Montgomery Ward leased the empty Chevy plant between 1924 and 1928 to house a temporary store while its main Fort Worth facility was built across what is now West Seventh Street. That building is now Montgomery Plaza. The Chevy plant was later used by various different companies including GM's Frigidaire division as a sales and warehouse facility and later by Tandy Corp., first for its Radio Shack division and later for its corporate HQ. Demolished in 1986. Site  is now Olympus 7th Street Station, a luxury apartment building.

|- 

|G &lt;br /&gt;(1960-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-1989)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; B (Pre-1960 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; F (Pre-1960 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac)]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 7 (Pre-1960 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Framingham Assembly|Framingham Assembly]]||[[w:Framingham, Massachusetts|Framingham, Massachusetts]]||United States||[[w:General Motors A platform (1925)#1964|GM rwd A-bodies]]: [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1965-1969), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1967-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1967-1972, 1974-1976), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1966-1969, 1971-1972), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1967-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1967-1981), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1967-1977), [[w:Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser|Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser]] (1968-1977), [[w:Buick Skylark#Third generation (1968–1972)|Buick Skylark]] (1970-1972), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1970-1972), [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1973-1981), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1973-1981) 

[[w:General Motors A platform (1982)|GM fwd A-bodies]]: [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1988), [[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1982), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1983-1989), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1989) 

||1948||1989|| Located at 63 Western Ave. First vehicle produced was a 1948 Buick on February 26, 1948. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. Framingham is the only BOP Assembly Division plant to switch to the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Framingham switched to Chevrolet Assembly Division in August 1959 [https://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/gm-framingham-ma-canada-pontiac-buick-olds-plant]. Framingham began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1960. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were then gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division. Framingham Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Idled October 1, 1982 but reopened March 14, 1983. Closed August 1, 1989. Sold to ADESA to use as a vehicle auction site. &lt;br/&gt;Past models: &lt;br/&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova#First generation (1962–1965)|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-1963), [[w:Buick Century#Second generation (1954–1958)|Buick Century]] (B-body), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1949-1950, 1955, 1958), [[w:Buick Special#1949–1958|Buick Special]] (1952-1953, 1955-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1954), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]], [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]], [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1951, 1954, 1956), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955, 1957, 1959) 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors France S.A.||[[w:Gennevilliers|Gennevilliers]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]||1939||1940||Operations interrupted by German invasion of France and seizure of the plant in 1940 during WWII. 

|- 

|Z (1965-1982)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;H (1963-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;F (1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] and [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3 (1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]])||[[w:Fremont Assembly|Fremont Assembly]]||[[w:Fremont, California|Fremont, California]]||United States||[[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1965-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1964-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1964-1969)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Sport Wagon|Buick Sport Wagon]] (1965)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1973–1991|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1977-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1963-1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1969, 1973-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1964-1969, 1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1973-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1964-1971)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC C/K|GMC C/K]] (1963-1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1981)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1973–1991|GMC Jimmy]] (1977-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1973-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1964-1971)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1964-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1982)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1966-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1964-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser|Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser]] (1965-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Third generation (1969–1972)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1964-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1973)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1964-1969)||1963||1982||Located at 45500 Fremont Blvd.&lt;br /&gt;

Operated from 1963-1982 as a GM factory. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]] though it also built Chevrolet passenger cars from the beginning. Fremont built GM's midsize A-bodies. Was the first BOP Assembly Division plant to also build Chevrolet and GMC trucks. Regular truck production began June 10, 1963. First production car built September 3, 1963. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Plant was idled March 1982.&lt;br /&gt;

From 1984-2010, operated as [[w:NUMMI|New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (NUMMI)]], which was a 50/50 joint venture between GM and [[w:Toyota|Toyota]] and assembled both GM and Toyota vehicles.&lt;br /&gt;

Sold to [[w:Tesla Motors|Tesla, Inc.]] in May 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Sam Abuelsamid|title=Tesla to buy old resources from GM, Toyota for NUMMI plant|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2010/08/22/tesla-to-buy-old-resources-from-gm-toyota/|access-date=20 August 2015|publisher=Autoblog.com|date=August 22, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tesla began production at Fremont in 2012.

|- 

|P||[[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]]||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel Vectra]]||1994||2000||Built by an [[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]] - GM joint venture operating out of a converted old FSO warehouse.  

|- 

|W||[[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]]||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]]||2007||2011||Built by [[w:Fabryka Samochodów Osobowych|FSO]] for GM as part of a joint venture between [[w:Ukrainian Automobile Corporation|UkrAvto]] (parent of FSO) &amp; GM. [[w:Ukrainian Automobile Corporation|Ukravto]] owned 60% &amp; [[w:GM Daewoo|GM Daewoo]] owned 40%. The production license ended in 2011 &amp; was not renewed. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Gmbh]]||[[w:Berlin|Berlin]]||Germany||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]||1927||1932||Replaced Hamburg plant. Located in Borsigwalde area of Berlin. Also predates the acquisition of [[w:Opel|Opel]] by GM.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Gmbh]]||[[w:Hamburg|Hamburg]]||Germany||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks||1926||1927||GM's first German plant predating the acquisition of [[w:Opel|Opel]]. Located in a leased warehouse.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Hendon|Hendon]], [[w:England|England]]||United Kingdom||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]] ||1924||1930||GM's first British plant predating the acquisition of [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]. Operated out of a leased plant. When Chevrolet production was moved to Luton in 1930, Hendon was used for parts distribution. Later, Frigidaire made appliances at Hendon. In 1970, Hendon began producing steering columns. In 1971, more automotive components began to be produced in place of Frigidaire appliances. In 1980, GM sold the Hendon site for redevelopment but leased back an area for construction of a new plant for Saginaw Steering Gear. The new plant opened in 1981. See listing for &quot;Saginaw Steering Gear Overseas Corp. - Southampton plant&quot; for more details.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[General Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Southampton|Southampton]], [[w:Hampshire|Hampshire]], [[w:England|England]]||United Kingdom||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]||1938||1946||Located on West Bay Road in the New Dock area of Southampton. Operations interrupted by German bombing of the UK during WWII. Plant was bombed in 1940 &amp; 1941. Plant was reoccupied in 1946. Plant acquired by GM Ltd. in 1951 and converted to produce automotive components in 1952. See listing for &quot;AC Spark Plug Overseas Corp. - Southampton plant&quot; for more details.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ghandhara Industries|Ghandhara Industries]]||[[w:Karachi|Karachi]], [[w:Sindh|Sindh]]||[[w:Pakistan|Pakistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks and buses]] including [[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]||1953||1970's||Originally a GM owned plant (General Motors Overseas Distribution Corporation). Sold to [[w:Ghandhara Industries|Ghandhara Industries]] Ltd. in 1963. Nationalized in 1972, it then became National Motors Ltd. Privatized to the [[w:Bibojee Group|Bibojee Group]] in 1992 who reverted back to the previous name, Ghandhara Industries. Ghandara Industries assembles Isuzu vehicles today. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[GM-Auto]]||[[w:Saint-Petersburg|Saint-Petersburg]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] 

[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#Second generation (RG; 2011)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]] 

[[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Antara|Opel Antara]] 

||2007||2015||Includes operations at the temporary &quot;Arsenal plant&quot; &amp; the permanent plant in [[w:Shushary, Saint Petersburg|Shushary]]. GM ceased most operations in Russia back in 2015 and the GM-Auto plant closed. Sold to Hyundai Motor in 2020.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM-AvtoVAZ|GM-AvtoVAZ]]||[[w:Tolyatti|Togliatti]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Niva|Chevrolet Niva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Viva|Chevrolet Viva]]||2002||2019||Was originally owned 41.5% by GM, 41.5% by AvtoVAZ, &amp; 17% by [[w:EBRD|EBRD]]. In 2012, [[w:EBRD|EBRD]] was bought out &amp; GM-AvtoVAZ became 50/50 owned by GM &amp; AvtoVAZ. The GM-AvtoVAZ joint venture was dissolved in 2019 when AvtoVAZ bought out GM. The Chevrolet Niva was renamed Lada Niva Travel during 2020. AvtoVAZ was a part of [[w:Renault Group|Renault Group]] from 2016 until 2022. 

|- 

|4||GM España S.A.||[[w:Figueruelas|Figueruelas]], [[w: Zaragoza (province)| Zaragoza (province)]]||[[w:Spain|Spain]]||[[w:Opel Corsa|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] A, B, C, D, E (5 door, van)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Meriva|Opel/Vauxhall Meriva]] A, B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Combo C (2001-2012)|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Combo]] C&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Tigra#Tigra A (1994–2000)|Opel/Vauxhall Tigra A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Nova|Vauxhall Nova]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#Third generation (SB; 1994–2000)|Holden Barina (SB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#Fourth generation (XC; 2001–2005)|Holden Barina (XC)]]||1982||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Indonesia||Pondok Ungu, [[w:Bekasi|Bekasi]], [[w:West Java|West Java]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||After reopening:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spin|Chevrolet Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Before temporary closure in 2005:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Blazer|Opel Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Optima]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra]]||1995||2015||PT Garmak Motor assembled models under license from GM beginning in 1976, before the establishment of their joint venture with GM in 1993. These license built models include: [[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] trucks, [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Morina]], [[w:Opel Rekord Series E|Opel Rekord E 3-d panel van]], [[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett D (1979–1984)|Opel Kadett D]], [[w:Isuzu Faster#First generation (1972–1980)|Chevrolet LUV (Mk 1)]], [[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Chevrolet LUV (Mk II)]], &amp; [[w:Isuzu Trooper#First generation (1981–1991)|Chevrolet Trooper/Stallion]].  

Originally established as PT General Motors Buana Indonesia, which was owned 60% by GM and 40% by PT Garmak Motor. GM bought out Garmak in 1997 taking 100% of the shares. The assembly plant was closed from 2005-2011 and reopened in 2012 to make the Chevy Spin. Closed again in June 2015. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Java||[[w:Tanjung Priok|Tanjung Priok]], [[w:North Jakarta|North Jakarta]], [[w:Jakarta|Jakarta]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]] ([[w:Opel 1.2 Liter|1.2 Liter]])&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] ([[w:Vauxhall 10-4|10-4]])||1927||1953||First Car Factory in what is now Indonesia (at the time, it was the Dutch East Indies). GM pulled out of Indonesia in 1954 and liquidated the company by 1956. Sold to P.N. Gaja Motors, which assembled the Opel Rekord and Kadett in the 1960's. Eventually became part of Astra International and its joint ventures with Toyota/Daihatsu.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.||[[w:Tampoi, Johor|Tampoi]], [[w:Johor|Johor]]||[[w:Malaysia|Malaysia]]||[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Gemini|Opel Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Bedford Harimau]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]||1968||1982||Originally Capital Motor Assembly Corp., which assembled Opel models under license from GM beginning in 1968. These license built models include: [[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore]] A, [[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett B]], [[w:Opel Rekord Series C|Opel Rekord C]], &amp; components. Capital Motor also assembled cars for Honda and Datsun (Nissan). GM bought Capital Motor Assembly in 1971 and renamed it GM Malaysia. Malaysian government policies that said Malaysians had to own a majority of local auto assembly plants forced GM to sell GM Malaysia to Oriental Holdings in 1980 which then renamed the unit Oriental Assemblers. Assembly of GM vehicles ended in 1982. Oriental Assemblers continued making Honda cars at this plant until around 2004.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Philippines, Inc.||[[w:Paco, Manila|Paco district]], [[w:Manila|Manila]]||[[w:Philippines|Philippines]]||[[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet trucks&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HT|Holden HT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HG|Holden HG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Gemini|Isuzu Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Parisienne#Philippines|Pontiac Parisienne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX4/90|Vauxhall VX4/90]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|GM Amigo/Tiger/Harabas]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]] ||1953||1985||Originally Yutivo Sons Hardware Co. Yutivo assembled various models under license from GM beginning in 1953. GM bought a 49% stake in Yutivo in 1972 and renamed it GM Philippines. Isuzu invested in the company in 1979 and it was renamed GM Pilipinas, Inc. Assembly of GM vehicles ended in 1985 and GM sold the plant to Isuzu in 1994. Isuzu closed this plant and company in 1995 and replaced it with a new plant in Biñan, Laguna owned by a new subsidiary (Isuzu Philippines Corporation).  

|- 

|G||[[w:GM Manufacturing Poland|GM Manufacturing Poland Sp. z o.o.]]||[[w:Gliwice|Gliwice]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Opel Astra#Astra K (B16; 2015)|Opel Astra]] K (5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Seventh generation (BK, BL; 2016)|Holden Astra (BK)]] (5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra J (P10; 2009)|Opel/Vauxhall Astra J]] (3-door, 4-door sedan, 5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra H (A04; 2004)|Opel Astra Classic III]] sedan&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Sixth generation (PJ; 2015)|Holden Astra (PJ)]] (GTC, VXR)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra H (A04; 2004)|Opel Astra H]] sedan&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra G (T98; 1998)|Opel Astra Classic II]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fourth generation (TS; 1998)|Holden Astra Classic (TS)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#Astra F (T92; 1992)|Opel Astra Classic I]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Agila#First generation (H00; 2000)|Opel/Vauxhall Agila A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Solio#First generation (MA63S/MA64S/MA32S; 1999)|Suzuki Wagon R+ (2005-2007)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Cascada|Opel/Vauxhall Cascada]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Cascada|Buick Cascada]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Cascada|Holden Cascada (CJ)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira B (2005)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira B]]||1998||2019|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] plant. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Continued to supply the [[w:Buick Cascada|Buick Cascada]] to GM through 2019. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021.   

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Powertrain Fredericksburg||[[w:Fredericksburg, Virginia|Fredericksburg, Virginia]]||United States||Torque converter clutches for automatic transmissions||1979||2010|| Located at 11032 Tidewater Trail. Originally part of Delco Moraine Division, which bought the plant in 1978 from American Poclain. Moved to GM Powertrain division in 1993. Sold to idX Corp. in 2017.  

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Powertrain Poland|GM Powertrain Poland]]||[[w:Tychy|Tychy]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||Diesel engines including the Isuzu [[w:Circle L engine|Circle L engine]]||1999||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] plant. Originally founded as Isuzu Motors Polska (ISPOL) in 1996. GM bought 60% in 2002 &amp; the remaining 40% in 2013. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] along with Opel in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Grand Blanc Metal Center|Grand Blanc Metal Center]]||[[w:Grand Blanc, Michigan|Grand Blanc, Michigan]]||United States||Metal stampings and metal fabrication of body components, Tooling jigs-and-fixtures||1942||2013||Located at 10800 S. Saginaw St. Originally built by the US govt. and opened in 1942 to build tanks. Also known as the Fisher Body Tank Plant as it was operated by GM's Fisher Body Div. Built [[w:M4 Sherman|M4 Sherman]] (M4A2, M4A3 &amp; M4A3E2) and [[w:M26 Pershing|M26 Pershing]] (T26E3) tanks as well as M10 &amp; M10A1 &quot;Wolverine&quot; Tank Destroyers during WWII and [[w:M48 Patton|M48 Patton]] (M48 and M48A1) tanks beginning in 1952 for the Korean War. Grand Blanc also made a 90mm main gun that Grand Blanc installed on the last 300 M10A1s built at Grand Blanc, thus converting them into the M36 &quot;Jackson&quot;. The Grand Blanc-built 90mm main gun was also installed on other M10A1s by other companies and by Grand Blanc on the M4A3 Sherman tank to create the M36B1 &amp; M36B2 tank destroyers. Grand Blanc also supplied 2,445 turrets and 1,511 hulls for the 2,507 M18 Hellcats built by the Buick Division. Production ended in 1945 as WWII wound down. Buick then leased Grand Blanc and used it as a warehouse from 1947 until Fisher Body bought it in 1951. The M48 Patton was built from 1952-1955. Converted in 1955 into an automotive body metal fabricating plant. Became part of GM's Metal Fabricating Division in 1994 and became Grand Blanc Weld Tool Center in 2002, making tooling for GM. Closed July 2013. Most of the work done at Grand Blanc was transferred to Parma, OH. Now called Grand Blanc Center, apparently used as a warehouse.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Grand Rapids Metal Center||[[w:Wyoming, Michigan|Wyoming, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1936||2009||Located at 300 36th Street SW. Metal fabricating plant. Demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Guide Lamp Division||[[w:Anderson, Indiana|Anderson, Indiana]]||United States||Headlamp, Taillamp assemblies||1929||1998||GM bought Guide Motor Lamp Manufacturing Company in 1928, becoming part of the Delco Remy division initially before becoming the separate Guide Lamp Division in 1929. Guide Lamp Division was renamed Guide Division in 1975. Guide Division merged with Fisher Body in 1984 to create Fisher Guide. Fisher Guide then merged with the Inland Division in 1990 to form Inland Fisher Guide. In 1998, Guide operations were sold to [[w:Palladium Equity Partners|Palladium Equity Partners]] which turned the operation into Guide Corp. In 2007, Guide Corp. closed down.  

|- 

|H||[[w:General Motors India|Halol]]||[[w:Halol|Halol]], [[w:Gujarat|Gujarat]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Chevrolet Sail#India|Chevrolet Sail U-VA]] (hatchback)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#India|Chevrolet Sail]] (sedan)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tavera|Chevrolet Tavera]]||1995||2017||Past models:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet SRV|Chevrolet SRV]] (sports hatch), [[w:Chevrolet Optra|Chevrolet Optra]], [[w:Chevrolet Enjoy|Chevrolet Enjoy]], [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa]] (sedan), [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa Sail]] (hatchback), [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa Swing]] (station wagon), [[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]]. &lt;br /&gt; 

The new [[w:General Motors India|GM India]] began as a 50/50 joint venture with [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]] in 1994.The Halol plant was bought from [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]] in 1995. GM bought out [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]] in 1999.  

Sold to SAIC to produce [[w:MG Motor India|MG Motor India]] vehicles in 2017.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fisher Body - Hamilton-Fairfield Stamping Plant||[[w:Hamilton, Ohio|Hamilton, Ohio]]||United States||Stampings &amp; Bodies for GM vehicles||1947||1988||Located at 4400 Dixie Highway. Now the Fisher Industrial Park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Harrison Radiator Division - Moraine||[[w:Moraine|Moraine]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Machining and assembly of automotive A/C compressors, valves, and accumulator dehydrators||1941||1999||Located at 3600 Dryden Road. Originally built for [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]]. In 1975, automotive and appliance operations were split with the automotive operations becoming Delco Air Conditioning Division. [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] appliance division was sold in 1979. Delco Air Conditioning Division merged into Harrison Radiator Division in 1981. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] in 1999. Became Delphi Harrison Thermal Systems. Closed by Delphi in 2003. Demolished by 2005.  

|- 

|H1, H2,&lt;br&gt; H3, H4 [https://www.uniquecarsandparts.com.au/holden_identification]||Holden Acacia Ridge Plant||[[w:Acacia Ridge, Queensland|Acacia Ridge, Queensland]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]] models including:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HT|Holden HT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HG|Holden HG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Gemini#First generation|Holden Gemini TX, TC, TD, TE, TF, TG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]]||1966||1984||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Replaced Fortitude Valley plant.

|- 

|A||Holden Birkenhead Plant||[[w:Birkenhead, South Australia|Birkenhead, South Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]&lt;br /&gt;||1926||1981||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1931 until 1938. Also produced military vehicles &amp; equipment during WWII. Before WWII, Birkenhead combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. After WWII, Birkenhead assembled CKD chassis imported from the US, Canada, &amp; the UK and combined them with bodies made in Woodville. Once Holden brand cars started to be made in 1948, body and chassis components came from Woodville &amp; powertrain came from Fishermans Bend and complete cars were assembled in Birkenhead. Vehicle production ended in 1965 when the Elizabeth plant started making complete vehicles. Birkenhead was then used as an export boxing area, a parts warehouse, and also assembled earthmoving equipment for Terex (then owned by GM) from 1969 until the mid 1970's. 

|- 

|M,&lt;br&gt; J1, J2, J3, &lt;br&gt; and J4-J9||Holden Dandenong Plant||[[w:Dandenong|Dandenong]], [[w:Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]] models including:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]] LH, LX, UC&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Sunbird|Holden Sunbird]] LX, UC&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VH)|Holden Commodore (VH)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VK)|Holden Commodore (VK)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VL)|Holden Commodore (VL)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Nova|Holden Nova]] LE, LF &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Toyota Corolla (E90)#Australia|Toyota Corolla (E90)]]&lt;br /&gt;Bedford by Isuzu &amp; [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] trucks&lt;br /&gt;Body making&lt;br /&gt;Torque converters &amp; other components||1956|||1996||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Also assembled Chevrolet trucks, Bedford vans &amp; trucks and Frigidaire appliances. Built the 1 millionth Holden (an EJ) in October 1962, the 2 millionth Holden (an HK) in March 1969, and the 4 millionth Holden (a VC Commodore) in June 1981. Vehicle production by Holden ceased in 1988, vehicle production by Toyota for itself and for Holden lasted from 1989-1994 under a plant lease agreement&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |author=Takahiro Fujimoto |date=October 1998 |url=http://e-server.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cirje/research/dp/98/cf23/dp.pdf |title=Toyota Motor Manufacturing Australia in 1995: An Emergent Global Strategy |publisher=[[w:University of Tokyo|University of Tokyo]] |page=23 |archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/5xJZkwEEX?url=http://e-server.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/cirje/research/dp/98/cf23/dp.pdf |archive-date=2011-03-20 |url-status=dead }}&lt;/ref&gt;. Minor assembly until 1996. Then became known as Holden Service Parts Operations (HSPO) which manages the distribution and marketing of Holden service parts and accessories for the Holden dealer network and international customers.  

|- 

|L,&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; L1, L2, &lt;br&gt; L3-L5||Holden Elizabeth Plant||[[w:Elizabeth, South Australia|Elizabeth, South Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Berlina|Holden Berlina]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Calais|Holden Calais]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Caprice|Holden Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore|Holden Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Ute|Holden Ute]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Statesman|Holden Statesman]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Vauxhall VXR8|Vauxhall VXR8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet SS (2013)|Chevrolet SS]] (2014-2017)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice PPV|Chevrolet Caprice PPV]] (2011-2017)

|1959||2017||[[w:Holden|Holden]] manufacturing plant. Holden Vehicle Manufacturing Operations. Located at 180 Philip Highway. First opened as a body hardware plant making components, then expanded to making complete vehicle bodies in 1962, then expanded to making complete vehicles in 1965. Elizabeth became Holden’s only remaining car manufacturing plant in Australia in 1994. Built the 5 millionth Holden (a VN Calais) in August 1990, the 6 millionth Holden (a VX Commodore SS) in June 2001, and the 7 millionth Holden (a VE Commodore) in August 2008. Total number of vehicles built at all plants in Australia by Holden (including export models) from 1948-2017 is 7,687,675. Production ended October 20, 2017. Final vehicle made at Elizabeth and final Australian-built Holden was a VFII Commodore Redline with a manual transmission.[https://www.carsales.com.au/editorial/details/holdens-manufacturing-closure-by-the-numbers-109466/] Epicurean Food Group bought the site in 2023 and is using it as a farm to grow mushrooms.

Cars produced before its final year before closure included the [[w:Pontiac GTO#Fifth generation|Pontiac GTO]] (2004-2006), [[w:Vauxhall Monaro|Vauxhall Monaro]], [[w:Holden Monaro|Holden Monaro]], [[w:Pontiac G8|Pontiac G8]] (2008-2009), [[w:Holden Gemini#Second generation|Holden Gemini (RB)]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Holden Cruze (JH)]], [[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]], [[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Holden Vectra (JS)]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)|Statesman brand WB]], [[w:Holden WB|Holden WB]] Ute &amp; One-Tonner, [[w:Holden Adventra|Holden Adventra]], [[w:Holden Crewman|Holden Crewman]], [[w:Chevrolet Lumina#Holden-based models|Chevrolet Lumina]], [[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Fifth generation (1999–2006)|Chevrolet Caprice]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]] 5-door, [[w:Chevrolet Omega|Chevrolet Omega]] B &amp; C, [[w:Buick Royaum|Buick Royaum]], [[w:Daewoo Statesman|Daewoo Statesman]], and [[w:Daewoo Veritas|Daewoo Veritas]]. Also, [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries#Toyota Lexcen|Toyota Lexcen]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Holden Fishermans Bend Plant (Port Melbourne)||[[w:Port Melbourne|Port Melbourne]], [[w:Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:GM High Feature engine|Holden Alloytec V6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick V6 engine#3800 V6|Buick V6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Family II engine|GM Family II I4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden straight-six motor#Starfire|Holden Starfire I4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden straight-six motor|Holden straight-six motor]]&lt;br /&gt;Manual transmissions&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Salisbury differential|Holden Banjo/Salisbury differentials]]&lt;br /&gt;Axles&lt;br /&gt;Stampings&lt;br /&gt;Components&lt;br /&gt;Foundry ||1936||2016||Headquarters of GM Holden Ltd. &lt;br /&gt; Holden's Engine Company/Holden Engine Operations.&lt;br /&gt;  

Used to build vehicles as well including the [[w:Holden 48-215|Holden 48-215]] &amp; [[w:Holden FJ|Holden FJ]]. Vehicle assembly ended in 1956 and was moved to Dandenong. &lt;br /&gt; Versions of the Alloytec/High Feature V6 were also supplied to [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab]] &amp; [[w:Alfa Romeo|Alfa Romeo]] from this plant. &lt;br /&gt; 

Sold to the Victorian state Government in 2016.  

|- 

|B||Holden Fortitude Valley Plant||[[w:Fortitude Valley|Fortitude Valley]], [[w:Queensland|Queensland]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden 48-215|Holden 48-215]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FJ|Holden FJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;||1927||1965||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1931 until 1934. Fortitude Valley combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. Replaced by Acacia Ridge plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Holden Marrickville Plant||[[w:Marrickville, New South Wales|Marrickville, New South Wales]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Marquette (automobile)#Buick brand|Marquette]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]||1926||1940||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1931 until 1934. Marrickville combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. Building sold. Replaced by Pagewood plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Holden Melbourne Plant (City Road)||[[w:Melbourne|Melbourne]], [[w:Victoria, Australia|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]||1926||1936||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Acquired by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Melbourne combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. Building sold. Replaced by Fishermans Bend plant.  

|- 

|P,&lt;br&gt; L6||Holden Mosman Park Plant||[[w:Mosman Park, Western Australia|Mosman Park (formerly Cottesloe Beach)]], [[w:Western Australia|Western Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]]&lt;br /&gt;||1926||1972||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built by GM Australia before it merged with Holden's Motor Body Builders Ltd. Plant was closed from 1932 until 1935. Also produced military vehicles &amp; equipment during WWII. Before WWII, Mosman Park combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. After WWII, Mosman Park assembled CKD chassis imported from the US, Canada, &amp; the UK and combined them with bodies made in Woodville. Once Holden brand cars started to be made in 1948, body and chassis components came from Woodville &amp; powertrain came from Fishermans Bend and final assembly was done in Mosman Park. Plant was closed down in 1972. Demolished in the early 1990s. 

|- 

|S,&lt;br&gt; H5, H6, H7,&lt;br&gt; H8, H9||Holden Pagewood Plant||[[w:Pagewood, New South Wales|Pagewood, New South Wales]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden 48-215|Holden 48-215]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FJ|Holden FJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK|Holden HK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HT|Holden HT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HG|Holden HG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Monaro|Holden Monaro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Statesman brand HQ-HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;Body making||1940||1980||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Also produced military equipment during WWII. Before WWII, Pagewood combined bodies made in Woodville with CKD chassis assembled in Melbourne. After WWII, Pagewood assembled CKD chassis imported from the US, Canada, &amp; the UK and combined them with bodies made in Woodville. Also made Frigidaire appliances. Built the 3 millionth Holden (an HQ) in June 1974. Vehicle production ended in 1980 while plant closedown operations extended into 1981.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Holden Woodville Plant|Holden Woodville Plant]]||[[w:Woodville, South Australia|Woodville, South Australia]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]]:&lt;br /&gt;Stamping&lt;br /&gt;Body making&lt;br /&gt;Paint shop&lt;br /&gt;Body Hardware&lt;br /&gt;Trim&lt;br /&gt;Tool &amp; Die&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Tri-Matic|Tri-Matic]] automatic transmission||1923||1965||[[w:Holden|Holden]] plant. Built before Holden was taken over by GM. Built car bodies for many brands of cars including GM brands (Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oakland, Oldsmobile, Marquette, Buick, LaSalle, Cadillac, GMC, Vauxhall, &amp; Bedford) and non-GM brands (Chrysler, DeSoto, Dodge, Plymouth, Willys, Hudson, Nash, Studebaker, Austin, Morris, Rover, Standard, Fiat, &amp; others). (Holden Motor Body Works.) Also produced military equipment during WWII. Once Holden brand cars started to be made in 1948, body and chassis components were made in Woodville. Also produced replacement parts for discontinued models. Most operations transferred to Elizabeth between 1959 &amp; 1965. Built the Tri-Matic automatic transmission from 1969-1987. Plant sold in 1984. Tri-Matic production area was leased back until production ended. Other companies continued production of spare parts.  

|- 

|V||[[w:IBC Vehicles|IBC Vehicles Ltd.]]/&lt;br&gt;[[w:GMM Luton|GMM Luton]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |title=Company Profile |publisher=Vauxhall |url=http://media.gm.com/gb/vauxhall/en/company/c_company-profile/index.html |access-date=2009-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090629105853/http://media.gm.com/gb/vauxhall/en/company/c_company-profile/index.html |archive-date=2009-06-29}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Luton|Luton]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Bedford CF#CF2|Bedford CF2]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Fargo#Bedford Midi / Vauxhall Midi|Bedford/Vauxhall/GME/Isuzu Midi/&lt;br&gt;Bedford Seta/Vauxhall Albany]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Carry#Bedford Rascal|Bedford/Vauxhall/GME Rascal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Carry#Export models|Suzuki Super Carry]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu MU#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Opel/Vauxhall Frontera A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu MU#Second generation (UER25FW, UES25FW, UES73FW; 1998–2004)|Opel/Vauxhall Frontera B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Frontera#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Holden Frontera (UT)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro]] A (low roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro]] B (low roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Renault Trafic (X83)]] (low roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Nissan Primastar (X83)]] (low roof versions only)||1950 (as AA Block of Luton plant)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1984 (as Bedford Luton Van Plant)||2017|| [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall plant]]. Began as the Bedford van plant when Bedford vans were moved out of the Luton passenger car plant and into a separate, nearby plant (AA Block [body assembly and paint] &amp;&lt;br&gt; K Block [trim and final assembly] of the Luton complex) connected by a bridge so that components for the CF van made in the car plant could be easily transferred to the van plant. Was part of the Bedford Commercial Vehicles Division of the GM Overseas Commercial Vehicles Corp. CF2 production ended in July 1987. Built the Isuzu-designed Midi from December 20, 1984 through May 23, 1996 though the Midi was still available through the 1997 model year. An upscale, 7-psgr. variant of the Midi called the Vauxhall Albany was built for 1991 only. Built the Suzuki-designed Rascal from February 1986 through July 3, 1993. Also built the Rascal's Suzuki counterpart, the Super Carry, for the UK &amp; other European markets. Became a joint venture with [[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] called IBC Vehicles Ltd., which was incorporated on January 20, 1987. Production under IBC Vehicles began in October 1987 after the plant was reorganized and staff was retrained. GM owned 60% &amp; Isuzu held 40%. The Bedford brand was discontinued and replaced by the Vauxhall brand on light commercial vehicles as of June 1, 1990. GM bought Isuzu's stake in IBC Vehicles back in Sept. 1998 &amp; the operation was again a subsidiary of GM. It was then renamed GMM (GM Manufacturing) Luton. Began making Vivaro and Trafic midsize commercial vans in 2001, followed by the Primastar in 2002. Frontera SUV ended production at the end of 2003 and GMM Luton focused solely on light commercial vehicles from that point onwards. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. Production ended March 28, 2025. Last vehicle produced was a Vauxhall Vivaro. Site has been sold for redevelopment into an industrial park.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:IDA-Opel|IDA-Opel]]||[[w:Kikinda|Kikinda]], [[w:Socialist Republic of Serbia|Socialist Republic of Serbia]]||[[w:Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]||[[w:Opel Ascona#Ascona C (1981–1988)|Opel Ascona]] C&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa A (S83; 1982)|Opel Corsa]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]] D &amp; E&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kikinda#Senator A (1978–1986)|Opel Kikinda]] (Senator A)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Omega#Omega A (1986–1994)|Opel Omega]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series E|Opel Rekord]] E&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra]] A&lt;br /&gt;Iron castings, brake, and axle components||1977||1992|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel affiliate]]. A joint venture owned 49% by GM &amp; 51% by Kikinda Iron Foundry. IDA = Industrija Delova Automobila or Industry of Automobile Parts. The operation exported iron castings, brake, and axle components to GM/Opel, thus allowing partially built Opels to be imported into Yugoslavia and not be counted as imports. Ended by the wars of the breakup of Yugoslavia and imposition of sanctions on Yugoslavia in 1992. The plant was later restructured as the Livnica Kikinda metal foundry, which was taken over by Slovenia's Cimos in 2004 and manufactures auto parts for various European manufacturers including Opel.   

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Indianapolis Metal Center||[[w:Indianapolis|Indianapolis]], [[w:Indiana|Indiana]]||United States||Metal stampings for trucks||1930||2011||Located at 340 S. White River Parkway W. Drive. Stamping plant. Acquired from the former Martin-Parry Corporation in 1930. Became a Chevrolet plant making truck bodies. Became part of GM Truck &amp; Bus Group in 1982 and in early 1992, became part of NATP (North American Truck Platforms) and later transferred to CLCD (Cadillac/Luxury Car Division) before joining the Metal Fabrication Division in 1994. Closed in June 2011. Demolished in 2014-2015. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Columbus, Ohio)||[[w:Columbus, Ohio|Columbus, Ohio]]||United States||Door Panel Assemblies &amp; Small Components||1946||1999||Located at 200 Georgesville Road. Originally opened as a plant for the Ternstedt Division of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication when Ternstedt merged back into Fisher Body in 1969. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] in 1999. Closed by Delphi in 2007. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Dayton Plant||[[w:Dayton, Ohio|Dayton]], [[w:Ohio|Ohio]]||United States||Engine Mounts&lt;br /&gt;Transmission Mounts&lt;br /&gt;Strut Mounts&lt;br /&gt;Steering Wheels&lt;br /&gt;Liteflex Springs&lt;br /&gt;Brake Linings&lt;br /&gt;Brake Hose&lt;br /&gt;Brake Pads&lt;br /&gt;Ball Joints&lt;br /&gt;Ice Cube Trays ||1921||1999||Located at 2701 Home Avenue (originally Home Road). The first factory building was built in 1910 by the Wright Company and made airplanes and components. The 2nd factory building was built in 1911 &amp; made airplane engines. Aircraft production ceased in 1916. 13 different types of planes had been produced. In Feb. 1917, the plants were sold to the Darling Motor Co. but they went bankrupt shortly thereafter. The Dayton-Wright Company bought the site from Darling Motor on March 22, 1917 and made aircraft parts at the site for its Moraine assembly plant from 1918 to 1919. Dayton-Wright Company was bought by GM in 1919 &amp; it was initially run as a GM subsidiary. In 1923, the aircraft part of the business was sold to Consolidated Aircraft Co. &amp; this site switched from aviation production to automotive production. Inland Manufacturing Division (originally Inland Mfg. Company) of GM was formed on January 6, 1923 at this site, initially to make steering wheels. Merged with Fisher Guide to became Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Spun off with [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] in 1999. Delphi closed it in 2008. The 2 original Wright Brothers' buildings were left standing and became part of Dayton Aviation Heritage National Historical Park in 2009 but the rest was demolished around 2014. The Wright Brothers factory buildings were damaged by fire in March 2023.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Detroit - Fort St.)||[[w:Detroit, Michigan|Detroit, Michigan]]||United States||Door hinges and interior parts||1920||1989||Located at 6307 W. Fort St. &amp; Livernois St. Was Ternstedt's headquarters until 1962. Originally opened by Ternstedt Manufacturing Co., which was taken over by Fisher Body Co. in 1920. Became part of GM when GM took over Fisher Body in 1926. Ternstedt became a separate division of GM in 1948 before merging back in to Fisher Body in 1969. Was a plant for the Ternstedt Division (Plant# 16) of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. Is now Evans Distribution Systems.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Elyria, Ohio)||[[w:Elyria, Ohio|Elyria, Ohio]]||United States||Car seats||1947||1990||Located at 1400 Lowell St. Originally opened as a plant for the Ternstedt Division of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication when Ternstedt merged back into Fisher Body in 1969. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Euclid, Ohio)||[[w:Euclid, Ohio|Euclid, Ohio]]||United States||Vehicle Bodies until 1970&lt;br /&gt;Then, trim fabrication, seat covers &amp; backs, upholstery, door panels, sunvisors, &amp; other interior parts.&lt;br /&gt;Also made seats &amp; cushions for Sea Ray Boats||1947||1993||Located at 20001 Euclid Ave. Originally built in 1943. Bought by GM in 1947 from Cleveland Pneumatic Aerol Co., which made rocket shells and aircraft landing gear there during WWII. Was a Fisher Body plant making bodies for Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, &amp; Buick until 1970. Then became a Fisher Trim Fabrication plant. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. Closed in 1993. Site currently in use by an industrial supply store (HGR) and indoor sports facilities (The Sports Plant).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Automotive industry in Flint, Michigan#Coldwater Road Plant|Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Flint - Coldwater Road)]]||[[w:Genesee Township, Michigan|Genesee Township, Michigan]]||United States||Window regulators, door hinges, door modules and seat adjusters||1953||1996||Located at 1245 East Coldwater Road. Originally opened as a plant for the Ternstedt Division of General Motors. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication when Ternstedt merged back into Fisher Body in 1969. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Sold to Peregrine Inc. in 1996, which continued making window regulators and door hinges and modules. Closed by Peregrine in 1998. A GM subsidiary called REALM bought the property in 1999 and GM used the administration building until 2000. Demolished by 2001. Site now used by Deployment Strategies Group LLC for container storage. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Grand Rapids, Michigan)||[[w:Walker, Michigan|Walker, Michigan]]||United States||Interior trim||1942||1998||Located at 2150 Alpine Avenue NW. Built by Haskelite Manufacturing Corporation to make wooden gliders for use in WWII. Bought by GM in the early 1950's. Built fuselages for [[w:F-84F Thunderstreak|F-84F Thunderstreak]] fighter jets. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Became part of Delphi in 1995. Sold by GM to [[w:Lear Corp.|Lear Corp.]] in 1998. Closed by Lear in 2005. Now called Avastar Park, a multi-tenant industrial site.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Livonia, Michigan)||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia, Michigan]]||United States||Seat Cushions, Seat Pads, Seat Backs, Door Panel Trim||1954||1995||Built on the site of the former Detroit Transmission Division plant that burned down in 1953. Located at 28400 Plymouth Road. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Closed in 1995. Sold to Peregrine Inc. in 1996, which continued making interior trim parts. Peregrine then closed the plant in 1998. Now the Plymouth Road Technical Center, a multi-tenant site for industrial, warehousing, and logistics purposes. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Syracuse)||[[w:Salina, New York|Salina, New York]]||United States||Metal auto parts (die casting, stamping, machining, painting, plating), Plastic trim parts - exterior and interior (injection molding)||1952||1993||Located at One General Motors Drive (address sometimes listed as 1000 Town Line Road). Plastic operations were added in the early 1960's. Metal operations were subsequently reduced and ultimately replaced by the plastic operations by the early 1970's. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. Closed December 1993. Property is now Salina Industrial Powerpark, a multi-tenant industrial park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Tecumseh, Michigan)||[[w:Tecumseh, Michigan|Tecumseh, Michigan]]||United States||Seat Pads &amp; Backs||1966||1988||Located at 5550 Occidental Highway. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984. Now occupied by Uniloy Inc., a plastics company. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Inland Fisher Guide Plant (New Jersey)|Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Trenton)]]||[[w:West Trenton, New Jersey|West Trenton]], [[w:Ewing Township, New Jersey|Ewing Township]], [[w:New Jersey|New Jersey]]||United States||Door handles&lt;br /&gt;Hinges&lt;br /&gt;Door locks&lt;br /&gt;Seat adjusters&lt;br /&gt;Exterior body moldings and painted components||1938||1998||Located at 1445 Parkway Ave. Built 7,546 [[w:TBM Avenger|TBM Avenger]] torpedo bombers during WWII under license from Grumman as part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division. In 1961, the facility became the first commercial user in the United States to use a programmable industrial robot to replace human workers. Brief article about the plant's closing and displaced workers. 1993 Plant closing date was later delayed until Summer of 1998 : [https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CEEDB1E3EF937A35751C1A964958260] Originally part of the [[w:Flint, Michigan auto industry#Ternstedt Division|Ternstedt Division]] of Fisher Body, then the Ternstedt Division of GM in 1948 before Ternstedt merged back in to Fisher Body in 1969. Then, Fisher Hardware Fabrication. Fisher became Fisher Guide in 1984 and Inland Fisher Guide in 1989. In 1995, Inland Fisher Guide became the Delphi Interior and Lighting Systems division of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary. Closed in 1998. Plant was subsequently demolished. Site redeveloped into Ewing Town Center, a mixed retail and residential complex. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Inland Fisher Guide Plant (Vandalia, Ohio)||[[w:Vandalia, Ohio|Vandalia, Ohio]]||United States||Door Panel Assemblies&lt;br /&gt;Seat Pads&lt;br /&gt;Instrument Panels||1941||1999||Located at 250 Northwoods Boulevard. Originally a GM Aeroproducts division facility making aircraft propellers, Aeroproducts division became part of GM's Allison division in 1952, site was absorbed by GM's Inland division in 1961 after propeller production moved to Allison's Indianapolis operation in 1960, merged into Inland Fisher Guide division in 1991, became part of GM's [[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Delphi Automotive Systems]] subsidiary in 1995 and transferred to Delphi Chassis Division. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Transferred to Delphi Thermal Division in 2007. Sold in 2015 to [[w:Mahle GmbH|Mahle GmbH]]. Mahle transferred operations to its Behr plant in Dayton and closed the Vandalia plant by 2016. Mahle sold the property in 2017.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors International A/S||[[w:Copenhagen|Copenhagen]]||[[w:Denmark|Denmark]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]||1924||1974||GM's 1st European assembly plant &amp; 1st assembly plant outside North America. First vehicle off the line was a Chevrolet utility truck on January 7, 1924. Pontiac assembly began July 24, 1926. Oakland, Oldsmobile, &amp; Buick assembly began in 1929. In the 1960's, the Chevy Chevelle &amp; Buick Skylark were assembled along with most Opel &amp; Vauxhall models. Station wagon-based vans were assembled as was the Opel 1500, based on the 1200. Production ended in Oct. 1974. Over 550,000 units had been produced.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors do Brasil|Ipiranga]]||[[w:Ipiranga (district of São Paulo)|Ipiranga]], [[w:São Paulo (state)|São Paulo (state)]]||[[w:Brazil|Brazil]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]||1925||1930||GM's 1st Brazilian assembly plant. Replaced by Sao Caetano do Sul plant.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pars Khodro|General Motors Iran]]||[[w:Tehran|Tehran]]||[[w:Imperial State of Iran|Imperial State of Iran]]||[[w:Opel Commodore#Foreign assembly|Chevrolet Iran 2500/2800/Royale]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Chevrolet Iran (Nova)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark#Buick Skylarks in Iran|Buick Iran (Skylark)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Seville#First generation (1976–1979)|Cadillac Iran (Seville)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|Chevrolet C/K pickup]] ||1974||1987||When the Shah ruled Iran, GM established a joint venture in Iran called GM Iran. GM held 45% while Pars Khodro held the other 55%. Production began on January 15, 1974 of the Opel Commodore-based Chevrolet Iran 2500/2800/Royale. By 1977, this was replaced by the American Chevrolet Nova, Buick Skylark, &amp; Cadillac Seville. Chevy pickups followed. Once the Shah was overthrown in the 1979 Revolution and Iran was taken over by fanatics, GM abandoned the factory &amp; Iran. The company became Pars Khodro and the local management changed. Production of GM models continued sporadically until 1987 when it finally ended. 

|- 

|J (1953-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;21 (1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Janesville Assembly Plant|Janesville Assembly Plant]]||[[w:Janesville, Wisconsin|Janesville, Wisconsin]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1992-1994)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe|Chevrolet Tahoe]] (1995-2009) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1947-1966, 1992-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tiltmaster|Chevrolet Tiltmaster/W-Series (Gas-powered)]] (1994-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Forward|GMC Forward/W-Series (Gas-powered)]] (1994-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series (Gas-powered)]] (1994-2009)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe|GMC Yukon]] (1992-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000)|GMC Yukon Denali (GMT800)]] (2001-2006)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|GMC Yukon Denali (GMT900)]] (2007-2009) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1992-1999)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Yukon XL|GMC Yukon XL]] (2000-2009) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Ninth generation (2000)|GMC Yukon XL Denali (GMT800)]] (2001-2006) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Tenth generation (2007)|GMC Yukon XL Denali (GMT900)]] (2007-2009)||1919||2009||Located at 1000 General Motors Dr. Was the oldest active GM assembly plant at time of its closure in 2009; largest under one roof in the U.S. 

Originally built [[w:Samson Tractor|Samson tractors]] from 1919-1922. Also made [[w:Samson Tractor#Trucks and a car|Samson trucks]] from 1920-1922. On October 1, 1922, the Janesville plant was transferred to Chevrolet. Started producing Chevrolets on Feb. 14, 1923. Shortly thereafter, a neighboring Fisher Body plant was added. Plant closed from September 1932 - late 1933. During World War II, both the Chevy &amp; Fisher Body sides of the plant were controlled by Oldsmobile and made artillery shells. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Janesville Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. On April 21, 1967, the 100 millionth GM vehicle built in the US, a blue, two-door Chevrolet Caprice, was produced at the Janesville plant. Full-size cars ended production in 1982 and were replaced by the compact J-cars like the Cavalier. Last passenger car built was the 1991 Chevy Cavalier. Only SUVs and trucks were subsequently built. SUV production ended Dec. 23, 2008. Last vehicle produced was a black 2009 Chevy Tahoe. Medium-duty truck production ended on April 23, 2009, marking the end of vehicle production at Janesville. Officially, the plant was placed on &quot;standby&quot; status but production never restarted and the 2015 GM-UAW contract allowed Janesville to be closed permanently. Demolished from 2018-2019.&lt;br /&gt; 

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]], [[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]], [[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]], [[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]], [[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]], [[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]], [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]], [[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]], [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]], [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1982), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1982-1991), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1982), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Buick Skyhawk#Second generation (1982–1989)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1988-1989), [[w:Cadillac Cimarron|Cadillac Cimarron]] (1982-1988), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|Chevrolet R/V]] (1987-1989), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K crew cab (GMT400)]] (1992-1994), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|Chevrolet C3500HD]] (1991-1998), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Second generation (1990–2002)|Chevrolet Kodiak (GMT530)]] (1990-2002), [[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series#Third generation (1993–2003)|Chevrolet B-series]] (1993-02), [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet T-Series]] (1997-2002), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1986), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|GMC R/V]] (1987-1989), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra crew cab (GMT400)]] (1992-1994), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|GMC Sierra C3500HD]] (1991-1998), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#Second generation (1990–2002)|GMC TopKick (GMT530)]] (1990-02), [[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series#Third generation (1993–2003)|GMC B-series]] (1993-2002), [[w:GMC T-Series|GMC T-Series]] (1997-2002), [[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] (1997-2002)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Kalamazoo Metal Center||[[w:Kalamazoo, Michigan|Kalamazoo, Michigan]]||United States||Stamped Body panels ||1965||1999|| Located at 5200 East Cork Street. Metal stamping plant. Started out as a Fisher Body plant. Now Midlink Business Park. 

|- 

|K||[[w:GM Korea|GM Korea]]||[[w:Gunsan|Kunsan]], [[w:Jeolla Province|Jeolla]]||[[w:South Korea|South Korea]]||[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Cruze#Australia|Holden Cruze (JG sedan/JH wagon)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Seventh generation (BK, BL; 2016)|Holden Astra Sedan (BL)]] (4-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Family Z engine|Family Z diesel engine]]||1997||2018||Past models: [[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Daewoo Lacetti]], [[w:Daewoo Nubira|Daewoo Nubira]], [[w:Daewoo Tacuma|Daewoo Tacuma]], [[w:Chevrolet Optra|Chevrolet Optra]], [[w:Chevrolet Vivant|Chevrolet Vivant]], [[w:Holden Viva|Holden Viva (JF)]], [[w:Suzuki Forenza|Suzuki Forenza]], [[w:Suzuki Reno|Suzuki Reno]] 

This factory also produced Chevrolet vehicles for [[w:General Motors Europe|General Motors Europe]] and [[w:Chevrolet Europe|Chevrolet Europe]]. The factory permanently closed on May 31, 2018, due to low productivity caused by GM's withdrawal from Europe in 2017 and due to GM's restructuring of its GM Korea operations. Sold to Myoung Shin Co., Ltd. in 2018. Diesel engines were produced at an adjacent facility beginning in 2006.  

|- 

|A&lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-1990)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;8 &lt;br /&gt;(1929-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Lakewood Assembly|Lakewood Assembly]]||[[w:Lakewood Heights, Atlanta|Lakewood Heights, Georgia]]||United States ||[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966, 1987-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Safari|Pontiac Safari wagon]] (1987-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick LeSabre Estate wagon]] (1987-1989)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick Electra Estate wagon]] (1987-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Estate#1977–1990|Buick Estate wagon]] (1990)||1928||1990||Located at McDonough Boulevard and Sawtell Avenue. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Lakewood Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Idled from September 1982 to early 1984. Production ended with Chevrolet Caprice Classic &amp; Buick Estate Wagon. Last vehicle produced was a gray Chevy Caprice on &lt;br&gt; August 6, 1990.&lt;br /&gt; Past models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1966), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1957, 1965-1966).  Also built the &lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Chevette|Chevrolet Chevette]] (1981-1982, 1984-1987) &amp; [[w:Pontiac 1000|Pontiac 1000]] (1981-1982, 1984-1987),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Acadian|Pontiac Acadian]] (Canada only).&lt;br&gt;  GM G-body: [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Third generation (1969–1972)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1970-1972). GM A-body: [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1970), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#Second generation (1964–1967)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1965), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1973-1979), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1969, 1971-1973), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1971-1977).&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1948-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-80), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1980).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Lansing Car Assembly|Lansing Car Assembly - Body]]||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||Automotive bodies||1920||2005||Located at 401 N. Verlinden St. Opened as a [[w:Durant Motors|Durant Motors]] plant in 1920. Durant Motors went out of business in 1931 and the plant was vacant until GM bought it in 1935. Known as GM's Lansing Plant 6. The plant reopened as a Fisher Body plant replacing the Fisher Body operation within the main Oldsmobile plant (Lansing Plant 1) that operated out of space leased from Oldsmobile since 1923. It supplied bodies to the main Oldsmobile plant (Lansing Plant 1 or Lansing Car Assembly - Chassis). Together with the chassis plant, they made up Lansing Car Assembly. Demolished in 2008-2009.  

|- 

|M (1949-1984 [All], 1985-2005 [North Line])||[[w:Lansing Car Assembly|Lansing Car Assembly - Chassis (North)]]||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||,&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier#Third generation (1995)|Chevrolet Cavalier coupe]] (1995-1998),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (2001-2003),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Classic]] (2004-2005),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Pontiac Grand Am|Pontiac Grand Am]] (1992-2005),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Calais|Oldsmobile Calais]] (1985-1987),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais|Oldsmobile Cutlass Calais]] (1988-1991),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Achieva|Oldsmobile Achieva]] (1992-1998),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Skylark#Sixth generation (1985–1991)|Buick Somerset Regal/Somerset/Skylark]] (1985-1991)||1902||2005|| &quot;M&quot; - North assembly line. Part of GM's Lansing Plant 1. Located around 1014 Townsend St., next to the former Oldsmobile headquarters at 920 Townsend St. This was Oldsmobile's home plant. It predated the founding of GM in 1908. Fisher Body leased space here to build bodies for Oldsmobile beginning in 1923, when Fisher started making bodies for 1924 Oldsmobiles. In 1935, Fisher Body moved to the ex-Durant Motors plant on Verlinden St. that GM bought earlier that year. Oldsmobile then took back the space that Fisher Body had been using (Bldg. 26). Lansing Car Assembly was converted to build unibody, fwd, compact cars for 1985 for multiple GM brands instead of the previous body-on-frame, rwd midsize &amp; full-size cars exclusively for Oldsmobile. Demolished in 2007.  

Past models: [[w:Oldsmobile F-Series|Oldsmobile F-Series]] (1928-1938), [[w:Oldsmobile L-Series|Oldsmobile L-Series]] (1932-1938), [[w:Oldsmobile Series 60|Oldsmobile Series 60]] (1939-1948), [[w:Oldsmobile Series 70|Oldsmobile Series 70]] (1939-1950), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1984), Oldsmobile 80 (1939), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#First generation (1941)|Oldsmobile 90]] (1940), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#First generation (1941)|Oldsmobile 96]] (1941), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1941-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile 98#1953|Oldsmobile 98 Fiesta]] convertible (1953),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#First generation (1971–1976)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] (1971-1976), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1961-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1966-1984), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1964-80), [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Oldsmobile Toronado|Oldsmobile Toronado]] (1966-1978), [[w:Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser|Oldsmobile Vista Cruiser]] (1964-1977), [[w:Viking (automobile)|Viking]] (1929-1931)&lt;br /&gt;Oldsmobile engines:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile straight-6 engine|Oldsmobile straight-6 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile straight-8 engine|Oldsmobile straight-8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile V8 engine|Oldsmobile Rocket V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile V8 engine#Aluminum 215|Oldsmobile Rockette V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Diesel engine|Oldsmobile Diesel V8]]

|- 

|C (1985-2004 [South Line])||[[w:Lansing Car Assembly|Lansing Car Assembly - Chassis (South)]]||[[w:Lansing, Michigan|Lansing, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Pontiac Grand Am|Pontiac Grand Am]] (1985-2004),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Calais|Oldsmobile Calais]] (1985-1986),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Alero|Oldsmobile Alero]] (1999-2004),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Alero|Chevrolet Alero]] (Export only: 1999-2001),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Skylark#Seventh generation (1992–1998)|Buick Skylark]] (1992-1998)||1902||2004||&quot;C&quot; - South assembly line. Only started using a separate plant code from the North plant beginning with the 1985 N-body cars. Part of GM's Lansing Plant 1. Located around 1014 Townsend St., next to the former Oldsmobile headquarters at 920 Townsend St. Demolished in 2007.  

|- 

|B&lt;br /&gt;(0 for EV1)||[[w:Lansing Craft Centre|Lansing Craft Centre]]||[[w:Lansing Township, Michigan|Lansing Township, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet SSR|Chevrolet SSR]] (2003–2006)||1987||2006||Located at 2801 West Saginaw Street, across the street from the Lansing Metal Center. Originally built by Ryan-Bohn Foundry and opened in 1920. Owned by Driggs Aircraft Company from 1927-1930. Owned by R.E. Olds from 1930-1940 but not used. Bought by GM's Oldsmobile Division in 1940. Became GM's Lansing Plant 2. Also known as Olds Forge. Built artillery shells during WWII. Oldsmobile used this plant as a forge (through 1983) and for making axles and differentials (through 1984). Became known as the Oldsmobile Differential Plant and Foundry. Converted into a full vehicle assembly plant including stamping, body shop and general assembly areas. First opened as a vehicle assembly plant known as the Reatta Craft Centre in 1988 though pilot production began in December 1986. After Buick Reatta production ended in 1991, plant was renamed Lansing Craft Centre. Used by the Genasys joint venture with [[w:American Specialty Cars|ASC]] to complete production of the Chevy Cavalier and Pontiac Sunfire convertibles. Cavalier and Sunfire convertible production ends during 1999. Cadillac Eldorado production moved here from Detroit-Hamtramck Assembly during 2000. Eldorado production ended April 22, 2002. Plant was then converted to truck production for the Chevy SSR. First saleable production SSR completed on July 29, 2003. Final SSR built March 17, 2006. Closed in 2006. Demolished in 2008-2009. 

Past models: [[w:Buick Reatta|Buick Reatta]] (1988–1991), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier#Third generation (1995)|Chevrolet Cavalier convertible]] (1995–2000), [[w:Pontiac Sunfire|Pontiac Sunfire]] convertible (1995–2000), [[w:General Motors EV1|General Motors EV1]] (1997, 1999), [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#Twelfth generation (1992–2002)|Cadillac Eldorado]] (2000-2002)

|- 

|||[[w:Lansing Engine Plant|Lansing Engine]]||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Oldsmobile Diesel engine|Oldsmobile Diesel V6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Quad 4 engine|Quad 4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Ecotec engine|GM Ecotec engine]] (2002 only)||1981||2002||Located at 2901 S. Canal Road. Known as GM's Lansing Plant 5. Also known as Delta Engine. Built to produce experimental diesel engine; part of Ryder Logistics since 2005.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Lansing Metal Center|Lansing Metal Center]]||[[w:Lansing Township, Michigan|Lansing Township, Michigan]]||United States|| Stamping and electroplating bumpers; general machining of crankshafts and connecting rods; and machining, welding, and stamping of other automobile parts||1952||2006|| Located at 2800 W. Saginaw Street, across the street from the Lansing Craft Centre. Known as GM's Lansing Plant 3. Also known as the Olds Jet plant. Originally built to manufacture turbine blades for Buick-built J65 axial flow jet engines. Metal fabricating plant. Electroplating operation ended in May 1987. Closed in March 2006. Demolished in 2008-2010.  

|- 

|K &lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-1988)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5 (1929-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;M (1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;8 (1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]]) ||[[w:Leeds Assembly|Leeds Assembly]]||[[w:Kansas City, Missouri|Kansas City, Missouri]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1984-1987),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Firenza|Oldsmobile Firenza]] (1982-1988),&lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick Skyhawk#Second generation (1982–1989)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1982-1988)&lt;br&gt;[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#Second generation (1982–1994)|Pontiac J2000]] (1982)||1929||1988||Located at 6817 Stadium Drive. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Leeds Assembly began making Pontiac and Buick passenger cars for 1964. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Leeds Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Retooled to build fwd J-cars for 1982. Closed April 15, 1988. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Apollo|Buick Apollo]] (1974), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1965-1968, 1970), [[w:Buick Regal|Buick Regal]] (1980-1981), [[w:Buick Skylark|Buick Skylark]] (1964-1970, 1975-76), [[w:Buick Special#1964–1967|Buick Special]] (1964-1967), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1961), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964-1974, 1977), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1964-1974, 1978-80), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1963), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1978-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1971-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-63, 1974-1977),[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952, 1956, 1959, 1961-1962), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1971-1974), [[w:GMC Caballero|GMC Caballero]] (1978-1980), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1968), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1964-1968), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1964-1965)

|- 

|K ('94-'05)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;E ('65-'91)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;L (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] &amp; [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 3 (Pre-1964 [[w:Buick|Buick]]) ||[[w:Linden Assembly|Linden Assembly]]||[[w:Linden, New Jersey|Linden, New Jersey]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (1995-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995)|GMC Jimmy]] (1995-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|Chevrolet S-10]] (1994-2004)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10#Second generation (1994)|GMC Sonoma]] (1994-2004)||1937||2005||Located at 1016 W. Edgar Road. Linden Assembly was the 2nd GM multi-brand assembly plant (the 1st was Southgate, CA), assembling Buick, Oldsmobile, and Pontiac models. It was operated by GM's Linden Division through January 1942. During WWII, GM built 5,837 [[w:FM-1 Wildcat|FM-1 Wildcat]] and [[w:FM-2 Wildcat|FM-2 Wildcat]] fighter planes at Linden under license from Grumman as part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division. After the war ended, in 1945, Linden &amp; Southgate were both placed in a new division called the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. In 1971, Linden Assembly became the first plant outside Cadillac's home plant in Detroit to assemble Cadillacs when it began to assemble C-body Cadillacs like the DeVille &amp; Calais. In 1979, Linden became the sole source for all three of GM's E-body personal luxury coupes, the Oldsmobile Toronado, Buick Riviera, and Cadillac Eldorado. The closely related K-body Cadillac Seville was added in 1980. In the mid-1980s, the factory was retooled to produce the new L-body Chevy Beretta &amp; Corsica, which began production in 1987. This was the first time Linden built a Chevrolet model. Linden was idled in September 1991 for conversion to truck and SUV production. It reopened in 1993 to produce the 1994 S-10 and Sonoma pickups, adding the Blazer and Jimmy SUVs for 1995. Closed April 2005. Last vehicle built was a white 2005 four-door Chevy Blazer on April 20, 2005. Demolished in 2008. Now Legacy Square, a complex of retail stores, and Legacy Commerce Center, an industrial space at the back of the property along Linden Ave.&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Corsica|Chevrolet Corsica]] (1987-1991), [[w:Chevrolet Beretta|Chevrolet Beretta]] (1987-1991), [[w:Buick Riviera#Sixth generation (1979–1985)|Buick Riviera]] (1979-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile Toronado#Third generation (1979–1985)|Oldsmobile Toronado]] (1979-1985), [[w:Cadillac Eldorado#Tenth generation (1979–1985)|Cadillac Eldorado]] (1979-1985), [[w:Cadillac Seville#Second generation (1980–1985)|Cadillac Seville]] (1980-85), [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1939, 1955-1957), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963, 1971-1978), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1963), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1948-1949, 1953-1957), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1952-1957), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1955-1957), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963), [[w:Cadillac Calais|Cadillac Calais]] (1971-1976), [[w:Cadillac DeVille|Cadillac DeVille]] (1971-1978), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1976), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1941-1963, 1971-1978), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1968-1970), [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1968-1970), [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-1970, 1972-1973), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1970), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1949, 1953, 1955, 1958), [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-1970), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1968), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1962, 1965-1966), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-61) 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Livonia Engine|Livonia Engine]]||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Cadillac High Technology engine|Cadillac High Technology engine]] (4.1/4.5/4.9L OHV V8)&lt;br&gt;[[w:GM Premium V engine|Premium V engine]] (4.6L Northstar V8, 4.0L Aurora V8, 3.5L Shortstar V6)||1971||2010|| Located at 12200 Middlebelt Road. Originally built as a parts supplier to Cadillac. Converted into an engine plant for the HT-series V8 that debuted for 1982. Now a multi-tenant commercial space including [[w:Penske Corporation|Penske Logistics]] and [[w:KUKA|KUKA]]. The [[w:KUKA|KUKA]] facility appears to be the one building the initial batch of [[w:BrightDrop Zevo 600|BrightDrop Zevo 600]] electric vans for GM prior to production moving to GM's [[w:CAMI Automotive|CAMI Automotive]] plant.  

|- 

||7 (1979-2019)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; U&amp;nbsp;(1966-1978)||[[w:Lordstown Assembly|Lordstown Assembly]]||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Cruze#Second generation (J400)|Chevrolet Cruze (2016-2019)]]||1966||2019 

|GM bought the property in 1955 and announced plans for the new Chevrolet plant in 1956 but construction didn't begin until 1964. Production began on April 28, 1966. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Lordstown Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971. &lt;br /&gt; Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze (2011-2015)/ Cruze Limited (2016)]], [[w:Chevrolet Cobalt|Chevrolet Cobalt]] (2005-2010)/[[w:Pontiac G5|Pontiac G5]] (2007-2009, Canada: 2007-2010), [[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1982-2005)/[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#Second generation (1982–1994)|Pontiac J2000/2000/2000 Sunbird/Sunbird]] (1982-1994)/ [[w:Pontiac Sunfire|Pontiac Sunfire]] (1995-2004), [[w:Chevrolet Vega|Chevrolet Vega]] (1971–1977)/[[w:Pontiac Astre|Pontiac Astre]] (1975-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]] (1978-1980)/[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#First generation (1976–1980)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1978-1980)/[[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#Second generation (1975–1980)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1978-1980)/ [[w:Buick Skyhawk#First generation (1975–1980)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1978-1980), [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|Chevrolet Van/Sportvan]] (1971-1992), [[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971-1996)|GMC Vandura/ Rally Van]] (1971-1992), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1966-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1966-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1966-1970), [[w:Pontiac Firebird#First generation (1967–1969)|Pontiac Firebird]] (1967-1969), [[w:Pontiac Pursuit|Pontiac Pursuit/G5 Pursuit]] (Canada: 2005-2006), [[w:Toyota Cavalier|Toyota Cavalier]] (1996-2000).  

Located at 2300 Hallock-Young Road. Main assembly plant is the East part of the complex on Hallock-Young Road. Stamping plant added in 1970. Paint shop added in 2004. Stamping plant and paint shop are part of the West part of the complex on Ellsworth-Bailey Road. &lt;br /&gt; Closed on March 6, 2019. Sold to [[w:Lordstown Motors|Lordstown Motors]] in 2019. Lordstown Motors sold the plant to [[w:Foxconn|Foxconn]] in 2022 and Foxconn will do contract assembly for Lordstown Motors and others.  

|- 

|1 (Lotus Omega &amp;&lt;br /&gt;Lotus Carlton)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;H (Lotus models)||[[w:Lotus Cars|Lotus Cars]]||[[w:RAF Hethel|RAF Hethel]], [[w: Hethel|Hethel]], [[w:Norfolk|Norfolk]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||

[[w:Opel Lotus Omega|Opel Lotus Omega]] A / [[w:Vauxhall Lotus Carlton|Vauxhall Lotus Carlton]]&lt;br /&gt; 1990-1992, 950 units 

 
[[w:Lotus Esprit|Lotus Esprit]], [[w:Lotus Excel|Lotus Excel]], [[w:Lotus Elan#Elan (M100)|Lotus Elan]]

||1986||1993||GM owned Lotus from 1986-1993. GM sold Lotus in 1993 to A.C.B.N. Holdings S.A. of Luxembourg, a company controlled by Italian businessman Romano Artioli, who also owned Bugatti Automobili SpA. Artioli sold Lotus to Malaysian automaker [[w:Proton Holdings|Proton]] in 1996. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Mansfield Metal Center||[[w:Ontario, Ohio|Ontario, Ohio]]||United States||Metal stamping||1955||2010||Located at 2525 W. 4th St. Mostly demolished. Redeveloped into Ontario Commerce Park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Massena Castings Plant|Massena Castings Plant]]||[[w:Rooseveltown, New York|Rooseveltown, New York]]||United States|| Aluminum engine blocks &amp; cylinder heads for [[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Air 6 engine|Corvair engine]], Aluminum engine blocks for [[w:Chevrolet 2300 engine|Vega engine]], &amp; aluminum cylinder heads &amp; blocks for other engines.&lt;br /&gt; Also clutch housings, transmission cases, pistons, aluminum intake manifolds||1959||2009||Located at 56 Chevrolet Rd, Rooseveltown, NY 13662 &lt;br /&gt; Originally a Chevrolet facility. In 1978, became part of GM's Central Foundry Division. In 1991, Central Foundry became part of GM Powertrain. &lt;br /&gt;Production ended April 23, 2009. Demolished in 2011.

|- 

|M||Mexico City Assembly||[[w:Mexico City|Mexico City]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks &amp; vans||1937||1995&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Thomas H. Klier, James Rubenstein|title=Mexico’s Growing Role in the Auto Industry Under NAFTA: Who Makes What and What Goes Where|url=https://www.chicagofed.org/publications/economic-perspectives/2017/6.|publisher=Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Economic Perspectives, Vol. 41, No. 6|at=see table 11 and footnotes right under table 11|date=September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] including: Caprice, Chevelle, Corvair, Impala, Malibu, Nova, Malibu Rallye (Nova-based), trucks&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Buick|Buick]], [[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Olympia|Opel Olympia]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord/MX-1/&lt;br&gt;Olimpico/Fiera]] &lt;br /&gt; Located at 843 Avenida Ejército Nacional (formerly Calzada de Los Morales) although the old headquarters building was demolished in 2018. The current headquarters is in the GM Tower at the other end of the property on Blvd. Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra. Started with trucks then added passenger cars in the early 1940s. Switched from assembly to manufacturing in 1965. Production ended in 1995 and most of the property was sold but GM de Mexico still has its corporate headquarters at this location. Most of the location is now Plaza Antara, an open-air shopping center. 

|- 

|2||[[w:Moraine Assembly|Moraine Assembly]]||[[w:Moraine, Ohio|Moraine, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet S-10#First generation (1982)|Chevrolet S-10]] (1982-1992)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]] 4-door (1991-1994)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#Second generation (1995–2005)|Chevrolet Blazer]] (1995-2001)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC S-15#First generation (1982)|GMC S-15]] (1982-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sonoma#First generation (1982)|GMC Sonoma]] (1991-1992)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC S-15 Jimmy#First generation (1983–1994)|GMC S-15 Jimmy/Jimmy]] 4-door (1991-1994)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC S-15 Jimmy#Second generation (1995–2005)|GMC Jimmy]] (1995-2001)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet TrailBlazer#First generation (KC; 2001)|Chevrolet TrailBlazer]] (2002-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Envoy#Second generation (2002–2009)|GMC Envoy]] (2002-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Ascender|Isuzu Ascender]] (2003-2008)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Bravada|Oldsmobile Bravada]] (1991-1994, 1996-2004)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Rainier|Buick Rainier]] (2004-2007) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9-7X|Saab 9-7X]] (2005-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Grumman LLV|Grumman LLV]] chassis (1987-1994)||1951&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1981 (Vehicle production)||2008|| Located at 2601 West Stroop Road. Began in 1951 as part of the [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] Division of General Motors Corporation producing household appliances. [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] production ended in 1979 when GM sold [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] to [[w:White Consolidated Industries|White Consolidated Industries]] but kept the Moraine plant and converted it to build vehicles. Vehicle production began in 1981. Was part of GM's Truck &amp; Bus Group. Closed on December 23, 2008. Sold to [[w:Fuyao Group#Fuyao Glass America Inc.|Fuyao Group]] in 2014; began production of automotive glass for GM and other automakers in 2016.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Moraine Engine||[[w:Moraine, Ohio|Moraine, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Detroit Diesel V8 engine|Detroit Diesel V8 engine]] 6.2L/6.5L||1981||2000||Located at 4100 Springboro Pike. Also began as a [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] plant. Replaced by the nearby DMAX Ltd. engine plant (originally a joint venture with Isuzu) which builds the replacement engine ([[w:Duramax V8 engine|Duramax V8 engine]]). Demolished by 2003. Production of the 6.5-liter diesel V8 moved to a new AM General plant in Franklin, OH known as General Engine Products. AM General makes the engine for its own use and for GM service parts, &amp; 3rd party customers. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Muncie Transmission||[[w:Muncie, Indiana|Muncie, Indiana]]||United States||Transmissions including: [[w:Getrag 282 transmission|Getrag 282/NVG T550]], Getrag 284, Muncie M17, Muncie M20/M21/M22, Muncie M62/M64, [[w:Muncie SM420 transmission|Muncie SM420 transmission]], [[w:Muncie SM465 transmission|Muncie SM465 transmission]], [[w:New Venture Gear 3500 transmission|NV3500/NV3550]], [[w:New Venture Gear 4500 transmission|NV4500]]&lt;br /&gt;Valves, Steering gears&lt;br /&gt;Forge||1919||2006||Located at 1200 W. Eighth St. Originally founded as Warner Gear Company in 1902. Bought by GM in 1919. Became Muncie Products Division. Closed in 1932. Reopened by Chevrolet in 1935 (Chevrolet Muncie). Moved to Detroit Diesel Allison Division in 1984 &amp; then to Hydramatic Division in 1986. Became part of [[w:New Venture Gear|New Venture Gear]] joint venture with Chrysler in 1990. GM owned 36% while [[w:Chrysler|Chrysler]] owned 64%. GM sold its stake to [[w:DaimlerChrysler|DaimlerChrysler]] in 2002 but took back the Muncie plant. Became Manual Transmissions of Muncie. The plant closed in 2006. Demolished in 2008-09.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Near East||[[w:Alexandria|Alexandria]]|| [[w:Egypt|Egypt]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars and trucks &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]||1936||1958||Began CKD assembly of trucks in 1936 followed by cars in 1938. In 1951, GM Near East became the Alexandria Branch of GM Middle East. Plant was liquidated in 1958.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors New Zealand|General Motors New Zealand]]||[[w:Petone|Petone]]||[[w:New Zealand|New Zealand]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] including [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]], [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]], [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]], [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]], [[w:Chevrolet Thriftmaster|Chevrolet Thriftmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] including [[w:Pontiac Laurentian|Pontiac Laurentian]], [[w:Pontiac Parisienne#New Zealand|Pontiac Parisienne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett I (1936–1940)|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] including [[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]] (E, PA, PC), [[w:Vauxhall Wyvern|Vauxhall Wyvern]], [[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]], [[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]], [[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] including [[w:Bedford CF|Bedford CF]], [[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]] including [[w:Holden FE|Holden FE]], [[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]], [[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]], [[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]], [[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]||1926||1984||Also made [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] refrigerators, freezers, washers, and dryers (Frigidaire was owned by GM from 1919 to 1979). &lt;br /&gt;  

Axle tube assemblies, oil filters, and spark plugs.  

|- 

|Z1-Z9 [https://forums.justcommodores.com.au/threads/commodore-vin-decoder-vb-to-zb.279978/]||[[w:General Motors New Zealand|General Motors New Zealand]]||[[w:Trentham, New Zealand|Trentham]]||[[w:New Zealand|New Zealand]]||[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] including [[w:Vauxhall Chevette|Vauxhall Chevette]], [[w:Vauxhall Cresta#Cresta PC|Vauxhall Cresta]], [[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden|Holden]] including [[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HQ|Holden Statesman HQ]], [[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HJ|Holden Statesman HJ]], [[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HX|Holden Statesman HX]], [[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HZ|Holden Statesman HZ]], [[w:Statesman (automobile)#WB|Holden Statesman WB]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VH)|Holden Commodore (VH)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VK)|Holden Commodore (VK)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VL)|Holden Commodore (VL)]],&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Commodore (VN)|Holden Commodore (VN)]], [[w:Holden Royale|Holden Commodore Royale (VH/VK/VL)]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Holden Rodeo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Gemini#In other markets|Isuzu Gemini/Holden Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#First generation (MB, ML; 1985–1988)|Holden Barina]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#First generation (1983)|Suzuki Swift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daihatsu Charade#First generation (G10, G20; 1977–1983)|Daihatsu Charade (under contract for Daihatsu)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Datsun Truck#Nissan D21|Nissan Navara pickup (under contract for Nissan)]]||1967||1990|| 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Nordiska AB||Södra Hammarbyhamnen, [[w:Stockholm|Stockholm]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] trucks||1928||1957|| Converted into a warehouse in 1957. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Northway Motor Plant||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Northway engines||1905||Burned down 1987||Located at 4584 Maybury Grand Ave. (Jeffries Expressway Service Drive) and W. Hancock St. Around 4646 Lawton St. (rear side) is the remnants of a water tower and railroad spur. Northway Motor and Manufacturing Company was acquired by GM in 1909, becoming Northway Motor and Manufacturing Division. Northway had made engines for both GM brands (in particular [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]], [[w:Scripps-Booth|Scripps-Booth]], [[w:Samson Tractor|Samson Tractor]], and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]) and other automakers. Became part of GM Intercompany Parts Group. In 1920, Northway moved to a new plant on Holbrook Ave. in Detroit. This address was subsequently been used by [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] in the 1920's and 1930's and then by Refrigeration Service Inc. in the 1950's. At some point, the building was sold to Motor City Wiping Cloth Co. but they abandoned the property in 1983, leaving behind massive bales of rags and cloths. The building burned down in a horrific fire in 1987 after homeless people in the building were burning fires there to keep warm. The fire killed three firefighters and injured ten others. The fire even spread to the nearby Continental Paper warehouse. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Northway Motor Plant/General Motors Truck Co. Plant No. 7/ &lt;br&gt;Chevrolet Gear and Axle Div.||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Northway engines, Axles, parts for past model Chevrolets||1920||1994||Located at 1806 Holbrook Ave. Northway Motor and Manufacturing Company was acquired by GM in 1909, becoming Northway Motor and Manufacturing Division. Northway had made engines for both GM brands (in particular [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Sheridan (automobile)|Sheridan]], [[w:Scripps-Booth|Scripps-Booth]], [[w:Samson Tractor|Samson Tractor]], and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]) and other automakers. Became part of GM Central Products Division. In 1920, Northway moved here from their original plant on Maybury Grand Ave. and primarily supplied engines to GMC. In 1925, became part of Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company as part of the merger of Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company and General Motors Truck Corp., the manufacturer of GMC trucks. In 1926, Northway Motor Division was liquidated and its Detroit plant was sold to Chevrolet on March 31 to become the Chevrolet Gear and Axle Div.  Part of the engine tooling machinery was transferred to the Yellow Sleeve-Valve Engine Works at East Moline, IL. Some Northway engines were still used by some GMC trucks (K-series) through 1930. Was part of the Detroit complex sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle]] in 1994. Now part of American Axle's Advanced Technology Development Center.  

|- 

|N&lt;br /&gt;(1953-1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]) and 1965-1987&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;9 &lt;br /&gt;(1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Norwood Assembly|Norwood Assembly]]||[[w:Norwood, Ohio|Norwood, Ohio]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1961)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1961)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro]] (1967-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt; (1958-1961, 1965-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]]&lt;br&gt; (1962-1966, 1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firebird|Pontiac Firebird]] (1969-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Apollo|Buick Apollo]] (1973)||1923||1987||Located at 5025 Carthage Ave. First vehicle produced was a Chevrolet Superior on August 13, 1923. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Norwood Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971.  Closed August 26, 1987. Last vehicle produced was a Chevy Camaro IROC-Z. Demolished. Now Linden Pointe on the Lateral, a mixed use retail and office space. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952)

|- 

|Z||[[w:NUMMI|NUMMI]]||[[w:Fremont, California|Fremont, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova#Fifth generation (1985–1988)|Chevrolet Nova]] (1985-1988)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Prizm|Geo Prizm]] (1989-1997)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Prizm|Chevrolet Prizm]] (1998-2002)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Vibe|Pontiac Vibe]] (2003-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Corolla (E80)|Toyota Corolla FX]] (1987-1988)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Corolla|Toyota Corolla]] (1989-2010) (E90/E100/E110/E130/E140)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Hilux#Fifth generation (N80, N90, N100, N110; 1988)|Toyota Pickup]] (1992-1995)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Tacoma|Toyota Tacoma]] (1995-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Voltz|Toyota Voltz]] (Japan: '02-'04)||1984||2009||Located at 45500 Fremont Blvd.&lt;br /&gt; Operated from 1963-1982 as a GM factory.&lt;br /&gt;From 1984-2010, operated as [[w:NUMMI|New United Motor Manufacturing Inc. (NUMMI)]], which was a 50/50 joint venture between GM and [[w:Toyota|Toyota]] and assembled both GM and Toyota vehicles. First vehicle produced was a yellow Chevrolet Nova in December 1984. First Toyota produced was a Corolla FX16 3-d hatchback in September 1986. This was followed by the Corolla FX 3-d hatchback in February 1987. Nova and Corolla FX production ended in September 1988. That same month, NUMMI began producing the Toyota Corolla 4-door sedan. Geo Prizm production began in November 1988. In August 1991, Toyota pickup production began with the Regular Cab 4x2. The 4x4 followed in February 1992 ant the Xtracab followed in March 1993. Tacoma pickup production began in January 1995, replacing the previous unnamed Toyota pickup model. Prizm production ended in December 2001. In January 2002, Pontiac Vibe production began. In June 2002, production began of the Toyota Voltz, a rhd version of the Pontiac Vibe built for export to Japan. In September 2004, the 2nd generation Tacoma pickup began production. Pontiac Vibe production ended on August 17, 2009, ending GM production at Fremont. Tacoma pickup production ended March 26, 2010. The last vehicle built at NUMMI, a red Corolla sedan, was built April 1, 2010. NUMMI produced 7.7 million vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;Sold to [[w:Tesla Motors|Tesla, Inc.]] in May 2010.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Sam Abuelsamid|title=Tesla to buy old resources from GM, Toyota for NUMMI plant|url=http://www.autoblog.com/2010/08/22/tesla-to-buy-old-resources-from-gm-toyota/|access-date=20 August 2015|publisher=Autoblog.com|date=August 22, 2010}}&lt;/ref&gt; Tesla only bought 210 of the total 370 acres owned by NUMMI. Tesla also bought $15 million worth of equipment and parts from the former NUMMI plant. Tesla took possession of the plant in October 2010. Tesla began production at Fremont in June 2012 with the Model S.

|- 

|O &lt;br /&gt;(1953-1963 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;6 &lt;br /&gt;(1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;C ([[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]])||[[w:Oakland Assembly|Oakland Assembly]] (Chevrolet)||[[w:Oakland, California|Oakland, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC New Design|GMC New Design]] (1952-1954)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Blue Chip|GMC Blue Chip]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|GMC C/K]] (1960-1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952-1953, 1955, 1957, 1959, 1963)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]]||1917||1963||Located at 73rd Ave. &amp; Foothill Blvd. Built by Chevrolet before it became part of GM. Began building GMC trucks in December 1937 for the 1938 model year. Replaced by Fremont Assembly plant. Demolished. Site became Eastmont Mall which is now [[w:Eastmont Town Center|Eastmont Town Center]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland Motor Car Co.]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Oakland automobiles &lt;br /&gt; Pontiac 1926-1927||1909||1931||Located at 196 Oakland Ave. (now Cesar E Chavez Ave.). Also bordered by Baldwin Ave. and W. Howard St. GM bought Oakland Motor Car Co. in 1909. Oakland introduced sister brand Pontiac in 1926. Pontiac replaced Oakland for 1932. Early Pontiacs were built here before production moved to the new factory stretching from Baldwin Ave. east to Joslyn Ave. a little farther north. This was Pontiac's first headquarters until 1970 when Pontiac headquarters moved north to the Pontiac Assembly complex on Joslyn Ave. and &lt;br&gt; E. Montcalm St. Some of the buildings are still standing.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:es:General Motors OBB|GM-OBB]]||[[w:Quito, Ecuador|Quito]]||[[w:Ecuador|Ecuador]]||[[w:Isuzu D-Max#Second generation (RT; 2011)|Chevrolet D-Max 2011]]||1980 (1st GM product)||2024||OBB (Ómnibus BB Transportes) was founded in 1975. GM bought 22% of OBB in 1981 &amp; became majority shareholder in 1988. GM announced in April 2024 that GM-OBB will shut down at the end of August 2024.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2024/04/gm-shutting-down-manufacturing-operations-in-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = GM Shutting Down Manufacturing Operations In Colombia And Ecuador|author=Deivis Centeno|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = April 29, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.americaeconomia.com/en/business-industries/general-motors-announces-end-car-manufacturing-operations-colombia-and-ecuador/|title = General Motors announces the end of car manufacturing operations in Colombia and Ecuador|publisher=AmericaEconomia.com|date = April 26, 2024}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Chevrolet Corsa]], [[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Chevrolet Corsa Evolution]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus Crescent|Chevrolet Esteem]], [[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Chevrolet Forsa]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Gemini#Second generation (1985)|Chevrolet Gemini]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#TF|Chevrolet LUV]], [[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Chevrolet LUV D-Max]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu MU#First generation (UCS55/UCS69GW; 1989–1998)|Chevrolet Rodeo]], [[w:Isuzu Trooper#First generation (1981–1991)|Chevrolet Trooper]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Sail (Gen 2)]], [[w:Chevrolet Sail#Third generation (2014)|Chevrolet Sail (Gen 3)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|Chevrolet Silverado]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)|Chevrolet Vitara]], [[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#Second generation|Chevrolet Grand Vitara]], [[w:Suzuki Vitara#Third generation (JT; 2005)|Chevrolet Grand Vitara SZ]] 

|- 

|6||[[w:Oklahoma City Assembly|Oklahoma City Assembly]]||[[w:Oklahoma City, Oklahoma|Oklahoma City, Oklahoma]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#EXT|Chevrolet TrailBlazer EXT]] (2002-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Envoy XL#Second generation (2002–2009)|GMC Envoy XL]] (2002-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Envoy#Envoy XUV|GMC Envoy XUV]] (2004-2005)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Ascender|Isuzu Ascender extended length]] (2003-2006)||1979||2006||Located at 7447 SE 74th Street. &lt;br /&gt; Initially produced front wheel drive [[w:GM X platform (FWD)|X platform]] vehicles ([[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1980-1983) &amp; [[w:Pontiac Phoenix#Second generation (1980–1984)|Pontiac Phoenix]] (1980-1982)) followed by front wheel drive [[w:General Motors A platform (FWD)|A platform]] vehicles ([[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1982-1989), [[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1988-1991), [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1989-1996), [[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1982-1996)) as well as [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1997-2001) &amp; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Sixth generation (midsize) 1997–1999|Oldsmobile Cutlass]] (1997-1999). Converted to build body-on-frame SUVs for 2002 model year. Damaged by a tornado on May 8, 2003, but the company repaired the damage and returned the plant to operation just 53 days later. Idled February 20, 2006. Last vehicle produced was a white 2006 Chevrolet TrailBlazer EXT. Plant was taken over by Oklahoma City in 2008 and leased to neighbor Tinker Air Force Base. Now known as Building 9001 Tinker Aerospace Complex. Used for maintaining jet engines and for software engineering.  

|- 

|2||[[w:Opel|Opel]] Werk Bochum||[[w:Bochum|Bochum]], [[w:North Rhine-Westphalia|North Rhine-Westphalia]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Olympia#Name revival: Opel Olympia (1967–1970)|Opel Olympia]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]] A, B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]] A, B, C, D, &amp; E&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] F, G, &amp; H&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#H|Opel Astra]] H Classic (5-door, Caravan)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel GT#GT (1968–1973)|Opel GT]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Manta|Opel Manta]] A, B&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira Tourer C (2011–2019)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira Tourer]] C&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira B (2005–2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira]] B/Zafira Family&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999–2006)|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira]] A&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;Engines&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions&lt;br /&gt;Axles||1962||2014|| Plant I was the vehicle assembly plant. First car off the line was a Kadett A. Plant II was the engine, transmission, &amp; axle plant. Engine production ended in 2004. Axle production ended in 2011. Transmission production ended Oct. 7, 2013. Vehicle production ended December 5, 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Opel|Opel]] [[w:Opelwerk Brandenburg|Werk Brandenburg]]||[[w:Brandenburg an der Havel|Brandenburg an der Havel]], [[w:Brandenburg|Brandenburg]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Blitz|Opel Blitz]]&lt;br /&gt;||1935||1944|| Bombed and heavily damaged by the Allies on Aug. 6, 1944. Factory was dismantled and shipped to the Soviet Union after the war ended as reparations. 

|- 

|6||[[w:Opel Eisenach|Opel Eisenach GmbH]]||[[w:Eisenach|Eisenach]], [[w:Thuringia|Thuringia]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa E (X15; 2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] E (3-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa D (S07; 2006)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] D (3-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] C (3-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Opel/Vauxhall Corsa]] B &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Adam|Opel/Vauxhall Adam]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Astra F]] (1992-1995)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel Astra G]] (1998-2003)||1992||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Began production with Astra F in 1992. Began Corsa production in 1993 with Corsa B. Added production of the Adam in 2013. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] Werk Kaiserslautern||[[w:Kaiserslautern|Kaiserslautern]], [[w:Rhineland-Palatinate|Rhineland-Palatinate]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||Components&lt;br /&gt;Engines:&lt;br /&gt; Four-cylinder turbo diesel engines:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Fiat JTD engine#2.0 Multijet II|2.0 CDTI Family B turbodiesel 4-cyl.]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Fiat JTD engine#1.9|1.9 CDTI turbodiesel 4-cyl.]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM Ecotec Diesel (1997)|2.0/2.2 Ecotec direct injection turbodiesel]]

Four-cylinder gasoline engines:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM Ecotec engine|GM Ecotec engine]] 2.2&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Ecotec engine#2.0|GM Ecotec engine]] 2.0 supercharged (LSJ) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Family II engine|GM Family II engine]] 1.6, 1.8, 2.0 &lt;br /&gt; 


|1966||2017||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|1&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;R (Catera)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;5 (Pre-1976)||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel]] Werk Rüsselsheim||[[w:Rüsselsheim|Rüsselsheim]], [[w:Hesse|Hesse]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Insignia|Opel/Vauxhall Insignia]] (sedan, hatchback, Sports Tourer, Country Tourer)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Fifth generation (2008)|Buick Regal]] (2011MY from March 1, 2010-March 25, 2011)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Regal#Sixth generation (2018)|Buick Regal]] (2018-2020)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Insignia#First generation (G09; 2008)|Holden Insignia VXR (GA)]] (2015-2017)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore ZB|Holden Commodore (ZB)]] (2018-2020)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#J|Opel/Vauxhall Astra J]] (5-door)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Zafira|Opel/Vauxhall Zafira Tourer C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Holden Vectra (JR)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra C (2002–2010)|Holden Vectra (ZC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Signum|Opel/Vauxhall Signum]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Omega|Opel/Vauxhall Omega]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac Catera|Cadillac Catera]] (1997-2001)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Senator|Opel/Vauxhall Senator &amp; Vauxhall Royale]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Calibra|Opel/Vauxhall/Holden Calibra (YE)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Monza|Opel Monza/Vauxhall Royale Coupe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore/Vauxhall Viceroy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kapitan|Opel Kapitan]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Admiral|Opel Admiral]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Diplomat|Opel Diplomat]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett I (1936–1940)|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Olympia|Opel Olympia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Blitz|Opel Blitz]]&lt;br /&gt;axles&lt;br /&gt;components&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM F40 transmission|GM F40 transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;Frigidaire refrigerators (1937-c.1940 &amp; 1946-1959)||1899 (1st production car built)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; 1929 (part of GM)||2017 (left GM)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;2020 (production for GM ended)|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. GM bought 80% of Opel in March 1929 and bought the rest in 1931, making Opel a full GM subsidiary. Russelsheim previously make engines. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Rüsselsheim continued to supply the Buick Regal &amp; the Holden Commodore ZB to GM through 2020. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|S||[[w:Opel Szentgotthárd|Opel Szentgotthárd]]||[[w:Szentgotthárd|Szentgotthárd]]||[[w:Hungary|Hungary]]||[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] F 1992-1997, 80,835 units&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel Vectra]] B1 and B2 1998-1999, 4,404 units&lt;br /&gt;Opel Engines including:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM Family 1 engine| Family 1 engine]] DOHC versions 1.4, 1.6, 1.8&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM small gasoline engine|GM Small Gasoline Engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Medium Gasoline Engine|GM Medium Gasoline Engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM Medium Diesel engine|GM Medium Diesel engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:VTi transmission|&quot;VTi&quot; CVT transmission]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Allison Transmission|Allison]] 3000, 4000, &amp; Torqmatic Series automatic transmissions||1992||2017 (left GM)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;2019 (production for GM ended)|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Originally a joint venture between GM &amp; Hungarian truck and engine maker Raba. GM bought out Raba &amp; became 100% owner in 1995. Production of Allison Transmissions began in 2000. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Szentgotthárd continued to supply the [[w:GM Medium Diesel engine|1.6L LH7 turbodiesel I4]] to GM through 2019. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Opel Wien|Opel Wien GmbH]]||[[w:Aspern|Aspern]]||[[w:Austria|Austria]]||[[w:Family 0 engine|Family 0]] engines (1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.4 Turbo)&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions (Easytronic automated manual, F15/F17 five-speed manual and M20/M32 six-speed manual)||1982||2017|| [[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. Closed by Stellantis in 2024. &lt;br /&gt; Past engines: [[w:GM Family 1 engine|GM Family 1 engine]] SOHC versions.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Osaka Assembly (Built on land leased from [[w:Sojitz|Nihon Menka]])&lt;ref&gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TY4l3qWIIh4C&amp;q=general+motors+assembly+plant+location+osaka+japan&amp;pg=PA70|title=American Multinationals and Japan: The Political Economy of Japanese Capital Controls, 1899-1980|author=Mark Mason|date=14 October 1992|publisher=Harvard Univ Asia Center|isbn=9780674026308|via=Google Books}}&lt;/ref&gt;||[[w:Osaka|Osaka]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile, Buick from CKD kits||1927||1941||Factory was seized by [[w:Imperial Japanese|Imperial Japanese]] Government, see also [[w:General Motors Japan|General Motors Japan]]&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.autonews.com/article/20080914/ANA03/809150388/gm-had-early-start-in-japan-but-was-hobbled-by-nationalism|title=GM early history in Japan|author=Hans Greimel|publisher=Autonews.com|date=September 14, 2008}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://history.gmheritagecenter.com/wiki/index.php/File:1926-6-1.jpg|title=Image of Osaka facility}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Oshawa Truck Assembly|Oshawa Battery Plant]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]] ||Batteries||19?||1990's?||Was part of the overall Oshawa Assembly complex (Autoplex) on Park Road South. Referred to by Delco Remy as Plant 41. This operation was closed.

|- 

|9 (1917-Mid 1923 Chevrolet)||Oshawa North||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||&lt;br /&gt;||1907||1996||The original Oshawa (North) plant opened in 1907 as a McLaughlin Motor Car Co. plant. It produced McLaughlin-Buick cars by fitting Buick engines and chassis to McLaughlin bodies. It also built Chevrolets for Chevrolet Motor Co. beginning in 1915 as the Chevrolet Motor Car Co. of Canada. McLaughlin Motor Car Co. and the Chevrolet Motor Car Co. of Canada were bought out by GM in 1918 becoming GM of Canada. GM of Canada continued to make Chevrolets and McLaughlin-Buicks (which became simply Buick after WWII) and also assembled [[w:Oakland Motor Car Company|Oakland]] 1921-1930, [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] 1920-1942, 1946-1969, [[w:Marquette (automobile)#Buick brand|Marquette]] 1929-1930, [[w:Buick|Buick]] 1908-1942, 1951-1971, [[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] 1927-1930, 1932-1935, [[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]] 1923-1936. [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] production in Oshawa began shortly after US production in 1926. From the 1950's into the 1980's, Canadian market full-size Pontiacs were built on Chevrolet chassis and were powered by Chevrolet engines and had model names different from US-market Pontiacs (Pathfinder, Strato Chief, Laurentian, and Parisienne). Car production shifted to the current Oshawa complex Car Assembly plant (South plant; also known as Autoplex beginning in the 1980's) which opened in 1953. [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks were made beginning in 1919 and [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]] trucks were made beginning in 1923 before truck production shifted to the Oshawa Truck plant located next to the South car plant in 1965. Oshawa also produced 65 [[w:Samson Tractor#Trucks and a car|Samson trucks]] from 1920-1921. Oshawa also produced military vehicles and equipment during both WWI and WWII. Also, Maple Leaf trucks.  

Operations were gradually moved from the older North plant to the newer South plant. The North plant, by then known as the GM North Fabrication plant making metal and plastic parts, was sold to Peregrine, Inc. in 1996. It was then sold to ACSYS Technologies Inc. in 2001. Both companies continued to operate as an auto parts manufacturer supplying GM. ACSYS closed the plant in 2004. The North plant ended all operations in 2005 and the last of it was demolished by 2006. Much of the site of the North plant at 155 Division Street (Ritson Road North is on the other side) is now a Costco.  

|- 

|1||[[w:Oshawa Truck Assembly|Oshawa Truck Assembly]]||[[w:Oshawa, Ontario|Oshawa, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]] (1999-2009)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sierra|GMC Sierra]] (1988-2009)||1965||2009||Part of the overall Oshawa Assembly complex (Autoplex) on Park Road South. Truck plant was at 1100 Park Road South at the southern end of the Autoplex. Production ended May 14, 2009. Over 10 million vehicles were produced. Now the GM Canadian Technical Centre's (CTC) McLaughlin Advanced Technology Track. &lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (-1986, 1988-1998), [[w:GMC C/K|GMC C/K]] (-1986)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Main complex||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||Automotive wiring&lt;br&gt;Electric Motors||1932||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located between Griswold St NE on the north side, Dana St NE on the south side, Paige Ave NE on the east side, and N. Park Ave on the west side. Some of the earliest Packard cars were built here before Packard Automobile split from Packard Electric in 1902. Plant 4, which opened in 1938, was originally used by GM's Sunlight Electrical Division, which made electric motors. GM had acquired the former Sunlight Electrical Manufacturing Co. in March 1933. On July 1, 1943, Sunlight Electrical Division merged into GM's Packard Electric Division. Sunlight motors were still made in Plant 4. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Closed in 2006. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Plant# 41||[[w:Warren, Ohio|Warren, Ohio]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1947||1998||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located at 1554 Thomas Rd SE. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Closed in 1998. Sold in 2004 to Wetzel, Inc. Sold to Berk Enterprise, Inc. in 2009.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; North River Road complex||[[w:Bazetta Township, Ohio|Bazetta Township, Ohio]] and [[w:Howland Township, Trumbull County, Ohio|Howland Township, Ohio]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1955||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located on North River Road and Larchmont Avenue NE. The plant is in Bazetta Township and extends across the border into Howland Township. The majority is in Bazetta Township. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Parts of the site have been closed and demolished and/or sold but Delphi successor Aptiv still operates part of the site at 1265 North River Road.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Brookhaven Plant||[[w:Brookhaven, Mississippi|Brookhaven, Mississippi]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1977||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located at 925 Industrial Park Road NE. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Delphi successor Aptiv still operates the Brookhaven plant.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Clinton Plant||[[w:Clinton, Mississippi|Clinton, Mississippi]]||United States||Automotive wiring||1973||1999||Packard Electric was acquired by GM in 1932. Located at 1001 Industrial Park Dr. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995 as Delphi Packard Electric Systems. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. One plant closed in 2006 and the second closed in 2009.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Mexico||[[w:Ciudad Juárez|Ciudad Juárez]], [[w:Chihuahua (state)|Chihuahua]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||Automotive wiring||1978||1999||Originally established as Conductores y Componentes Eléctricos by the Packard Electric division of GM. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Spun off with Delphi in 1999. Delphi successor Aptiv still operates the Mexican plants.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Delphi Automotive Systems|Packard Electric]]&lt;br /&gt; Ireland Ltd.||[[w:Tallaght|Tallaght]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Ireland]]||Wire harnesses||1975||1996||Located on Airton Road. Production and export of wiring harnesses from this plant allowed GM to import fully built-up vehicles into Ireland before Ireland fully removed its restrictions on importing fully built-up vehicles. Became part of GM's Delphi Automotive Systems subsidiary in 1995. Closed in 1996.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Peninsular SA||[[w:Barcelona|Barcelona]]||[[w:Spain|Spain]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks||1932||1936|| Production ended due to Spanish Civil War. Liquidated around 1939.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM del Peru||[[w:Lima|Lima]]||[[w:Peru|Peru]]||[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]]/[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]||1945||1970|| 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pittsburgh Metal|Pittsburgh Metal]]||[[W:West Mifflin, Pennsylvania|West Mifflin, Pennsylvania]]||United States||Metal stamping||1949||2008||Located at 1451 Lebanon School Road. Originally part of [[w:Fisher Body|Fisher Body]] division. Demolished in 2011.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Polsce Sp. Zo.o.||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars and trucks||1928||1930's||Was at 103 Wolska St. Closed during the Depression. 

|-

|P (1939-1988)||[[w:Pontiac Assembly|Pontiac Assembly]]/Pontiac Fiero Assembly||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||In ex-Fisher Body plant (Pontiac Fiero Assembly):&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Pontiac Fiero|Pontiac Fiero]] (1984-1988)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;In Main plant (Pontiac Assembly) after reopening:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM G platform (RWD)|RWD G-bodies]]:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo#Fourth generation (1981–1988)|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1987-1988),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fourth generation (1978–1988)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme]] (1985-1987),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile 442]] (1986-1987),&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme#Fourth generation (1978–1988)|Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme Classic]] (1988),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Buick Regal#Second generation (1978)|Buick Regal]] (1985-1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Also:&lt;br /&gt; Pontiac engines:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Pontiac straight-8 engine|Pontiac straight-8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac V8 engine|Pontiac V8 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Trophy 4 engine|Pontiac Trophy 4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Iron Duke engine|Pontiac Iron Duke/Tech IV I4 engine]]||1927||1987 (Pontiac Assembly)/1988 (Pontiac Fiero Assembly)||This was Pontiac's home plant. Property runs from Walton Blvd. on the north to E. Montcalm St. on the south with Joslyn Ave. or for certain stretches, Highwood Blvd., on the east side and Price St. or further south, Baldwin Ave. and then N. Saginaw St., on the west side. Also known as Pontiac North to distinguish from GMC's multiple plants in Pontiac, MI. Within 90 days of ground being broken, vehicles were already being produced in Pontiac's new home plant in 1927. Final Assembly was Plant 8 of Pontiac's Assembly complex in Pontiac, Michigan. On March 14, 1962, Pontiac Assembly built the 75 millionth GM vehicle built in the US, a white 1962 Bonneville convertible. Idled in 1982 but reopened in January 1985 with bodies supplied by Flint Body Assembly. Closed in December 1987. Last vehicle built was a Buick Regal Grand National. Demolished in 1997. GM still has the Pontiac Redistribution Center on the northeast portion of this property at 1251 Joslyn Road at the intersection with E. Columbia Ave. The Pontiac Metal Center is another still active part of this property. GM still uses the eastern part of the property bordered by Joslyn Ave. on the east, E. Beverly Ave. on the north, E. Montcalm St. on the south, and N. Glenwood Ave. on the west. This area includes GM Performance and Racing Center at 900 N. Glenwood Ave. and the Propulsion Systems Pontiac Engineering Center at 800 N. Glenwood Ave. Pontiac's divisional HQ moved here in 1970 from the previous location at the former Oakland HQ on 196 Oakland Ave. (now Cesar E Chavez Ave.). Pontiac's divisional HQ at One Pontiac Plaza was about where the Propulsion Systems Engineering Center is now. [[w:Fisher Body|Fisher Body]] operated a plant on the site (Plant 17) from 1935-1982. This plant was connected to the final assembly plant by an enclosed bridge that ran over N. Saginaw St., that was used to transport the bodies from the Fisher Body plant, where bodies up to the firewall were built, to the Pontiac final assembly plant where the body was mated to the chassis and the front end, powertrain, &amp; interior were installed and the car was completed. This plant, located at 900 Baldwin Ave., was converted to build the [[w:Pontiac Fiero|Pontiac Fiero]], which it built from 1983-1988. Last Fiero built August 16, 1988. GM used it as a warehouse until 2009 (&quot;Pontiac Warehouse Operations&quot;). Prototyping work was also done there. Most of the Fiero plant was demolished in 2013 (from Kennett Rd. until just before the plant sign which is just past St. Louis Ave.). There used to be an overpass going over Baldwin Ave. to the parking lot on the other side of Baldwin but this was taken down after Fiero production ended. Pontiac engines were made in Plant 9 and Plant 18. Another engine plant was built in 1981 in the northern part of the property. It was originally called Plant 55, later renamed Plant 33. It was next to Plant 51, later renamed Plant 25, which did chassis parts and machining and later, engine machining. Engine production ended in 1993. Plant 9 was demolished in 1997 &amp; Plant 18 was demolished in 1998. Plants 25 &amp; 33 were demolished sometime between 2008 &amp; 2013. Some parts of the complex have been sold to U-Pull And Save Auto Parts, Dani’s Trucking, GFL Environmental, &amp; Bedrock Express. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Six|Pontiac Six]] (1927-1932, 1935-1940), Pontiac Series 302 V8 (1932), Pontiac Economy Eight (1933-1934), Pontiac Improved Eight (1935), Pontiac Deluxe Eight (1936-1940), [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville (B-body)]] (1958-80), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Seventh generation (1982–1986)|Pontiac Bonneville (G-body)]] (1982), [[w:Pontiac Can Am|Pontiac Can Am]] (1977) [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1980), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1949-1958), [[w:Pontiac Custom S|Pontiac Custom S]] (1969), [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-70), [[w:Pontiac Grand Am#1973–1975|Pontiac Grand Am (1973-75)]], [[w:Pontiac Grand Am#1978–1980|Pontiac Grand Am (1978-80)]], [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix (B-body)]] (1962-1968), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Third generation (1969–1972)|Pontiac Grand Prix (G-body)]] (1969-1972), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix (A-/G-body)]] (1973-1982), [[w:Pontiac Grand Safari|Pontiac Grand Safari]] (1971-1978), [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1971-75), [[w:Pontiac GTO|Pontiac GTO]] (1964-1973), [[w:Pontiac LeMans|Pontiac LeMans]] (1962-1981), [[w:Pontiac Safari|Pontiac Safari]] (1955-1957), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1954-66), [[w:Pontiac Streamliner|Pontiac Streamliner]] (1941-51), [[w:Pontiac Tempest|Pontiac Tempest]] (1961-1970), [[w:Pontiac LeMans#1970|Pontiac T-37]] (1970-1971), [[w:Pontiac Torpedo|Pontiac Torpedo]] (1940-1948), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961)

|- 

|V (1972-1990)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P (Pre-1972)||Pontiac Central Assembly||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States|||[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|GMC C-Series/E-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC New Design|GMC New Design]] (1947-1951, 1952-1954)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Blue Chip|GMC Blue Chip]] (1955-1959)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K|GMC C/K]] (1960-1985)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1967-1985)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1937-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Motorhome|GMC Motorhome/TransMode]] (1978)&lt;br /&gt; Buses ([[w:GM &quot;old-look&quot; transit bus|Yellow Coach/GM &quot;old-look&quot; transit bus]] (1940-1969), [[w:GM PD-4103|GM PD-4103]], [[w:PD-4501 Scenicruiser|PD-4501 Scenicruiser]], [[w:GM New Look bus|GM New Look bus]] (1960-1977), [[w:GM Buffalo bus|GM Buffalo bus]] (1966-1980), [[w:Rapid Transit Series|Rapid Transit Series (RTS)]] (1978-1987))&lt;br /&gt;Medium Duty Trucks &amp; Heavy Duty Trucks including:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)#Medium-duty trucks|Chevrolet C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1967-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series#GMC (1966–1970)|GMC E-Series medium-duty trucks]] (E4500/E5500/E6500) (1967-1968) [https://web.archive.org/web/20140109015322/https://www.gmheritagecenter.com/docs/gm-heritage-archive/historical-brochures/GMC/100_YR_GMC_HISTORY_MAR09.pdf] (page 30)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)#Medium-duty trucks|GMC C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1969-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#Medium-duty trucks (1973–1989)|Chevrolet/GMC C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1985-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|Chevrolet Kodiak]] (1985-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|GMC Top Kick]] (1985-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series|Chevrolet B-series]] (-1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet/GMC B series|GMC B-series]] (-1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Brigadier#Background|Chevrolet/GMC H/J series]] (1966-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bruin|Chevrolet Bruin]] (1978-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Brigadier|GMC Brigadier]] (1978-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:WhiteGMC Brigadier|WhiteGMC Brigadier]] (1988-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC General#Background|Chevrolet/GMC C/M series]] (1966-1976)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bison|Chevrolet Bison]] (1977-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC General|GMC General]] (1977-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Astro#Background|GMC F/D series &quot;Crackerbox&quot;]] (1959-1968)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Titan|Chevrolet Titan]] (1970-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Astro|GMC Astro]] (1969-1987)&lt;br /&gt;Engines ([[w:GMC straight-6 engine|GMC straight-6 engine]] 1947-1962,&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC V6 engine|GMC V6 (1960-1973)/V12 (1960-1965) engine]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:GMC V8 engine#GMC engines|GMC 60° V8]] (1966-1972))||1928||1990||Located at 660 South Boulevard East. Known as GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division Plant 2 when built. Production of trucks began in January 1928. In 1925, General Motors Truck Corp., the parent of the GMC brand, merged with Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company (including its Yellow Coach Mfg. Co. bus-making subsidiary) to form Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company, in which GM owned a majority stake of 57%. The Northway Motor Division of Detroit was transferred to General Motors Truck Corp. as part of that merger but was liquidated in 1926. On September 30, 1943, GM acquired the remainder of Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Co. and on October 1, 1943 the GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division of General Motors Corp. was formed and Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Co. was dissolved. When limited production of civilian buses resumed in March 1944, they were badged as GM Coach and the Yellow name was retired. Headquarters of Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Co. and later the GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division. Headquarters building in front of Plant 2 was completed in March 1928. Administration and engineering buildings were part of the complex. Built 409,012 [[w:GMC CCKW 2½-ton 6×6 truck|CCKW 6x6 trucks]], AFKWX 6x6 cab-over trucks, [[w:DUKW|DUKW &quot;Ducks&quot;]], &amp; other types of trucks during WWII. Also produced 2,249 buses &amp; 30 T18E2 Boarhound armored cars during WWII. The small-block, Group 1 GMC inline-6s were moved from Plant 4 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in November 1947. In December 1947, engine manufacturing and machine shops moved from Plants 1 and 4 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central. The medium- and big-block, Group 2 &amp; 3 GMC inline-6s were moved to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in February 1948. In August 1977, the GMC MotorHome was moved from Plant 3 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central. The GMC MotorHome was discontinued after 1978. [https://www.gmccolonial.com/gmc-motorhome-history] Transit bus production ended in spring 1987 when GM sold the product line to Greyhound Corporation, which continued RTS production at its [[w:Transportation Manufacturing Corporation|TMC]] plant in Roswell, New Mexico. Converted in 1994 into a Truck Product Engineering Center (Pontiac Centerpoint Campus) by GM using only the steel frame of the large main building while everything else was demolished. The Truck Product Engineering Center closed in 2009 and the site is now the Centerpoint Business Campus, which is occupied by many businesses including Fanuc Robotics and i.M. Branded.  

|- 

|E (1988-2009)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;V (1972-1985)||[[w:Pontiac East Assembly|Pontiac East Assembly]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Medium Duty Trucks:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#Medium-duty trucks (1973–1989)|Chevrolet/GMC C-Series medium-duty trucks]] (1973-85), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|Chevrolet Kodiak]] (1981-1985), [[w:Chevrolet Kodiak#First generation (1981–1989)|GMC Top Kick]] (1981-85)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|Chevrolet C/K (GMT400)]] (1988-1998)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)|GMC Sierra (GMT400)]] (1988-1998)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|Chevrolet Silverado (GMT800)]] (1999-2006)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|Chevrolet Silverado Classic (GMT800)]] (2007)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|GMC Sierra (GMT800)]] (1999-2006)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|GMC Sierra Classic (GMT800)]] (2007)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|Chevrolet Silverado (GMT900)]] (2007-2009)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|GMC Sierra (GMT900)]] (2007-2009) ||1972||2009||Located at 2100 South Opdyke Road. Known as GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division Plant 6 when built, also known as Pontiac Assembly Center. Pontiac East is directly to the east of Pontiac Central. Pontiac East began by building medium-duty trucks, which were moved from Pontiac Central. In 1985, medium-duty trucks were moved back to Pontiac Central, combining with production of heavy-duty trucks and buses. GMT400 full-size pickup production began in December 1986 for the 1988 model year. Closed in September 2009. Demolished in 2011-2012. Portions of the site are now occupied by Challenge Manufacturing Co. and Williams International. 

|- 

|0 (1978-1994)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;V (1972-1977)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; P (Pre-1972)||[[w:Pontiac West Assembly|Pontiac West Assembly]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||Trucks, Buses,&lt;br /&gt;Engines: ([[w:Buick straight-6 engine|Buick 257/331 straight-6 engine]] (1931-1932), [[w:GMC straight-6 engine|GMC straight-6 engine]] 1933-1948), &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Motorhome|GMC Motorhome/TransMode]] (1973-1977)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet van#First generation (1964–1966)|Chevrolet Van/GMC Handi-Van]] (1964-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet van#Second generation (1967–1970)|Chevrolet Van/GMC Handi-Van]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet van#Third generation (1971–1996)|Chevrolet Van/GMC Vandura]] (1978-1980)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10#First generation (1982)|Chevrolet S-10]]&lt;br /&gt; (1982-1984, 1991-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC S-15|GMC S-15]] (1982-1984)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Sonoma|GMC Sonoma]] (1991-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt; (1983-1994 2-d, 1994 4-d)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC S-15 Jimmy|GMC S-15 Jimmy]]&lt;br /&gt; (1983-1994 2-d, 1994 4-d)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Typhoon|GMC Typhoon]] (1992-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Bravada#First generation (1991–1994)|Oldsmobile Bravada]] (1994) ||1906||1994||Complex includes GMC Truck &amp; Coach Division Plants 1, 3, 4, and 5. Plant 1 was originally the plant of Rapid Motor Vehicle Company, one of the 2 main ancestors of the modern GMC Division (the other being Reliance Motor Car Company). Plant 1 was located at 25 Rapid Street and opened in 1906, before Rapid was taken over by GM in 1908-1909. Plant 1 started making Buick 257 &amp; 331 inline-6's in 1931 after Buick stopped making inline-6s after 1930 and switched its entire lineup to straight-8s. The tooling was moved to Plant 1 from the Buick complex in Flint. Buick had been supplying inline-6s to GMC since 1925. In 1933, GMC started making inline-6s of its own design in Plant 1. The medium- and big-block, Group 2 &amp; 3 GMC inline-6s were moved to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in February 1948. Plant 1 was demolished around 1981. Plant 3 opened in 1940 and was located at South Boulevard West and Franklin Road. Plant 3 was used for sheet metal work and material storage at first. Plant 3 later built the [[w:GMC Motorhome|GMC Motorhome]]. In August 1977, the GMC MotorHome was moved from Plant 3 of Pontiac West to Building 29 at Pontiac Central for its final model year of 1978. Plant 3 was demolished around 2005. Plant 4 was located on South Saginaw Street (now Woodward Ave.) Engine production began in Plant 4 in October 1938. The [[w:GMC straight-6 engine|GMC straight-6 engine]] was built there through 1947/1948. Small-block, Group 1 GMC inline-6 engines were made in Plant 4 from October 1938. The small-block, Group 1 GMC inline-6s were moved to Building 29 at Pontiac Central in November 1947. In December 1947, engine manufacturing and machine shops moved from Plants 1 and 4 to Building 29 at Pontiac Central. Plant 4 was also used for material storage. Plant 4 also built the [[w:Chevrolet van|1964-1970 Chevrolet &amp; GMC full-size vans]]. Plant 4 was demolished around 2008. Plant 5 was located on Franklin Road, to the north of Plant 3. Plant 5 was demolished around 2005. After Pontiac Central opened in 1928, Pontiac West focused on machining and component manufacturing rather than vehicle assembly.[https://www.hagerty.com/media/automotive-history/a-gmc-motor-homecoming-50-years-on/] (Paragraph 4) There would be sporadic vehicle production at Pontiac West in the 1960's and 1970's (vans, motorhomes). In the 1980's, vehicle production increased as Pontiac West became one of GM's plants building compact pickups and SUVs. Production ended in 1994. Entire property sold to M1 Concourse in 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Pontiac Foundry||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Casting|Iron castings]] of engine parts. ||1927||1987||Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. Was Plant 6 of Pontiac's Assembly complex in Pontiac, Michigan. Demolished in 1995. A U.S. Postal Service distribution center now occupies the approximate area where the foundry used to be. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Regina Plant|Regina Plant]]||[[w:Regina, Saskatchewan|Regina, Saskatchewan]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]] 

|[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars &amp; trucks, Maple Leaf trucks, [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]], [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]], [[w:Buick|Buick]] 

|1928||1941||Factory office building is located at 1102 8th Avenue while the factory building is behind the office building stretching down Winnipeg Street down to 6th Ave. Production began on Dec. 11, 1928. Production halted in August 1930, restarted in March 1931, then halted again a few months later in 1931. Production restarted in December 1937. In 1941, taken over by the [[w:Government of Canada|Government of Canada]] to produce munitions for World War II as Regina Industries Limited. Auto production never resumed and the property was used by the Canadian Department of National Defense until the mid-1960s. Sold to the Saskatchewan provincial govt. in 1967 and then the Regina city govt. in 1987. Was used by both public- and private-sector tenants. Damaged by a fire on May 3, 2017. In 2020, the City of Regina decommissioned the building and all the tenants were required to move out. Buildings are still standing and have been used by a variety of businesses and organizations. You can still see &quot;GMC&quot; carved in stone above the front entrance to the office building. Office building is designated a Heritage Inventory Property by city of Regina. A related building is down the block at 1260 8th Avenue at the corner of Toronto Street. After the factory closed in 1941, GM still used this building for its regional administrative and parts distribution operations until it moved in 1967.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GMC (marque)#History|Reliance Motor Truck Co.]]||[[w:Owosso, Michigan|Owosso]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Reliance trucks (1909-1912)&lt;br&gt; GMC trucks (heavy duty models) (1912-1913)||1909||1913||Plant was located on Michigan Ave. In late 1908, GM bought Reliance Motor Car Co. and reorganized it as Reliance Motor Truck Co. Reliance truck production moved here from Detroit in 1909. In February 1912, the GMC brand replaced the Reliance brand as well as the Rapid brand. In 1913, production was consolidated at the Rapid Street plant of the former Rapid Motor Vehicle Co. in Pontiac, Michigan and the Owosso plant was sold. Plant was later used by American Malleables and later by Mid-West Abrasive Co., a maker of sandpaper. Plant was later extended to S. Washington St.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Saab [[w:Gothenburg|Gothenburg]] Transmission||[[w:Gothenburg|Gothenburg]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||Pre-GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab two-stroke|Saab two-stroke]]&lt;br /&gt;GM era:&lt;br /&gt;Saab 99/900 manual transmission&lt;br /&gt;[[w:F35 transmission|F35 transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM F40 transmission|GM F40 transmission]] ||1989||2009||Saab plant. Opened in 1953. Engine production ended in 1968. 

GM bought 50% of [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] in 1989 &amp; the other 50% in 2000. Transmission production ended when the 1st gen. 9-5 ended production. GM sold [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] to [[w:Spyker Cars|Spyker Cars]] in February, 2010. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saab [[w:Sodertalje|Sodertalje]] Engine||[[w:Sodertalje|Sodertalje]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||Pre-GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab B engine|Saab B engine]]&lt;br /&gt;GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab H engine|Saab H engine]] ||1989||2007||Saab plant.  Opened in 1972.   

GM bought 50% of [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] in 1989 &amp; the other 50% in 2000. Engine plant sold to [[w:Scania AB|Scania AB]] in 2007. GM sold [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] to [[w:Spyker Cars|Spyker Cars]] in February, 2010. 

|- 

|1,2,3,4,8||Saab [[w:Trollhättan Assembly|Trollhättan Assembly]]||[[w:Trollhättan|Trollhättan]]||[[w:Sweden|Sweden]]||Pre-GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 92|Saab 92]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 93|Saab 93]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 95|Saab 95]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 96|Saab 96]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 99|Saab 99]]&lt;br /&gt;GM era:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 900|Saab 900]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9000|Saab 9000]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9-3|Saab 9-3]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 9-5|Saab 9-5]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac BLS|Cadillac BLS]]||1989||2010||Saab plant. Opened in 1947. Also did engine (Saab two-stroke) &amp; transmission production until 1953 when it was relocated to the Gothenburg plant. 

GM bought 50% of [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] in 1989 &amp; the other 50% in 2000. Saab also built the 9-3 based BLS for Cadillac. The BLS was not sold in the US or Canada. GM sold [[w:Saab Automobile|Saab Automobile]] to [[w:Spyker Cars|Spyker Cars]] in February, 2010.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Malleable Iron||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1919||2007|| Located at 77 W. Center St. Iron castings. HQ of Central Foundry Division. In 1919, Saginaw Malleable Iron and Central Foundry merged with the Jacox division into GM's Saginaw Products Company. In 1928, became the Saginaw Malleable Iron division of GM. Closed in 2007, demolished in 2010. Converted into a park.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Nodular Iron||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Steering knuckles, crankshafts, disc brake caliper housings, exhaust manifolds, flywheels, differential carriers, clutch pressure plates||1967||1988|| Located at 2100 Veterans Memorial Parkway. Straddles the City of Saginaw-Buena Vista Township border. Iron castings. Closed in 1988. Later demolished. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Parts||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||&amp;nbsp;||1909||1983|| Located on corner of 6th &amp; Washington Avenues. Opened in 1907 to build the 1908 Rainier. Bought by GM in 1909 as part of its purchase of [[w:Rainier Motor Car Company|Rainier Motor Car Company]]. Reorganized into the [[w:Marquette (automobile)#Company|Marquette Motor Co.]] which still made Rainier brand cars through 1911 as well as parts for Welch and Welch-Detroit cars. In 1912, the Rainier brand was replaced by the Marquette brand, which was said to be a combination of the previous Rainier and Welch-Detroit brands. In February 1912, the company was renamed Peninsular Motor Co. Some late production cars seem to have been badged as Peninsular. All of those activities ended at the end of 1912. In 1917, during World War I, the plant was reopened and used to manufacture mortar shells for the US Ordnance Corps. In 1919, became part of the Saginaw Products Company with this plant becoming the Saginaw Products Company Motor Plant. From 1919-1922, the plant made [[w:Chevrolet Inline-4 engine#224|OHV I4]] engines for [[w:Chevrolet Series FB|Chevrolet Series FB]] and [[w:Oldsmobile Model 43|Oldsmobile Model 43A]]. It was then used as a warehouse. From 1935, it made all different types of auto parts and service parts as Chevrolet Saginaw Service Parts Plant or from 1969, Chevrolet Saginaw Parts Plant. Closed in 1983, demolished in 1984.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear - Plant 1||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Steering components||1910||1984||Located on 628 North Hamilton St. Originally founded as the Jackson, Church and Wilcox Company (Jacox) in 1906. Bought by GM in 1910. Became the Jackson-Church-Wilcox or Jacox division of GM. In 1919, the Jacox division merged with Saginaw Malleable Iron and Central Foundry into GM's Saginaw Products Company. Became the Saginaw Steering Gear Division in 1928. Closed in 1984. Sold in 1987 to Thomson Industries. Still operates today as Thomson Aerospace &amp; Defense, a brand of Linear Motion LLC, which is owned by the Umbra Group of Italy. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear - Plant 2||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Steering Gears, pump hoses||1941||2001||Located at 1400 Holmes Street. Affectionately known as &quot;The Gun Plant&quot;, it was built in 1941 when the division was contracted to build M1919 machine guns, and M1-Carbines for World War II. After the war, normal steering gear production continued until its closure in 2001. It was demolished in 2002. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear complex||[[w:Buena Vista Township, Michigan|Buena Vista Township, Michigan]]||United States|| Complete Hydraulic and Electric Power Steering Systems, Halfshafts, Intermediate Drive Shafts||1953||2010||Located at 3900 E. Holland Road. Former Saginaw Steering Gear Division of GM. Saginaw Steering Gear Division renamed Saginaw Division in 1985. Grouped under Delphi Automotive Systems in 1995. Plant 3 opened in 1953, Plant 4 opened in 1956. The sprawling Five-Plant complex (Plants 3-7), division Headquarters and large engineering center, were spun off with Delphi in 1999. GM repurchased the Delphi Steering division from bankrupt Delphi in 2009, renaming it Nexteer Automotive, and then sold the division to [[w:Pacific Century Motors|Pacific Century Motors]] in 2010. The former GM Division now operates as &quot;[[w:Nexteer Automotive|Nexteer Automotive]]&quot;, an independent company headquartered at the Saginaw site. Nexteer moved its headquarters to Auburn Hills in 2015.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Steering Gear Overseas Corp.||[[w:Hendon|Hendon]], [[w:England|England]]||United Kingdom|| Steering columns, Steering column components (jacket &amp; bracket assemblies), Vacuum pumps, EGR valves||1970 (auto parts)||?||Located on Capitol Way in The Capitol Industrial Park.  Originally opened in 1924 as a vehicle assembly plant making Chevrolets (See listing for &quot;GM Ltd.&quot;). When Chevrolet production was moved to Luton in 1930, Hendon was used for parts distribution. Later, Frigidaire made appliances at Hendon. In 1970, Hendon began producing steering columns. In 1971, more automotive components began to be produced in place of Frigidaire appliances. In 1979, Hendon became aligned with Saginaw Steering Gear in the US. In 1980, GM sold the Hendon site for redevelopment but leased back an area for construction of a new plant for Saginaw Steering Gear. The new plant opened in 1981. In 1982, GM Ltd. was dissolved and the Hendon plant became part of Saginaw Steering Gear Overseas Corp., part of GM Overseas Corp.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Saginaw Transmission||[[w:Saginaw, Michigan|Saginaw, Michigan]]||United States||Manual Transmissions, Brakes||1921||1999||Located at 2328 E. Genesee Ave. Built 1919–20 for the Michigan Crankshaft Company (originally founded as National Engineering Company), acquired by GM in 1921 and placed under Saginaw Products Company. In 1928, became the Saginaw Crankshaft Division of GM. Transferred to Chevrolet upon the dissolution of the Crankshaft Division in 1931 when crankshaft manufacturing was turned over to the car divisions. Made the &quot;Saginaw&quot; 3 and 4-Speed manual transmissions.  It was spun off as part of Delphi in 1999. The plant was sold to [[w:TRW Automotive|TRW Automotive]] in 2007. TRW used the plant to produces brake and suspension components (known as TRW Braking and Suspension). TRW closed this plant in 2014.  

|- 

|4||[[w:Scarborough Van Assembly|Scarborough Van Plant]]||[[w:Scarborough, Toronto|Scarborough]], [[w:Ontario|Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Chevrolet Van#Third generation (1971–1996)|Chevrolet Van]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Vandura#Third generation (1971–1996)|GMC Vandura]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sportvan#Third generation (1971–1996)|Chevrolet Sportvan]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC Vandura#Third generation (1971–1996)|GMC Rally Van]] (1974-1993)&lt;br /&gt;||1952&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1974 (Vehicle production)||1993||Located at 1901 Eglinton Avenue East. Originally a [[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] home appliance plant through 1970. In 1960, production of automotive components was added. Production included radios, instrument clusters, horns, shock absorbers, and propshafts. After Frigidaire production ended in 1970, only auto parts were made and the plant name was changed from Frigidaire Products of Canada to Delco Canada. Auto parts production ended in 1973 and the plant was expanded and converted to build full-size vans and renamed Scarborough Van Plant. First van produced on May 23, 1974 (a 1974 Chevy Van 10). After van production began, plant was expanded 5 times over the years. Cutaway production was added for 1975, halted in 1978, and resumed in 1980. One millionth van produced in January 1986 (a GMC model). Closed on May 6, 1993 and operations moved to [[w:Flint Truck Assembly|Flint Truck Assembly]]. Scarborough produced 1,626,313 vans from 1974-1993. Plant demolished and now site of Eglinton Town Centre and Comstock Bus Garage at the southern end of the property.  

|- 


|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Scripps-Booth|Scripps-Booth]]||[[w:Detroit, Michigan|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Scripps-Booth automobiles||1918||1922||Taken over by Chevrolet by the end of 1917 before Chevrolet was part of GM. When Chevrolet became part of GM, Scripps-Booth became part of GM as well. Scripps-Booth then adopted an Oakland chassis and a Northway six-cylinder engine, using parts from other GM divisions. However, a place could not be found for Scripps-Booth in GM's lineup, so GM closed it down in 1922.

|-

|8||[[w:Shreveport Operations|Shreveport Operations]]||[[w:Shreveport, Louisiana|Shreveport, Louisiana]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Colorado#First generation (2004)|Chevrolet Colorado]] (2004-2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Colorado#First generation (2004)|GMC Canyon]] (2004-2012)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Hummer H3|Hummer H3]] (2006-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Hummer H3#H3T|Hummer H3T]] (2009-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Colorado#Isuzu i-series|Isuzu i-series]] pickup (2006-2008)||1981||2012||Located at 7600 General Motors Blvd. General Motors Blvd. was renamed Antoine Blvd. in 2013. A portion of the complex is now used by Glovis America, a Hyundai Automotive Group subsidiary, for a vehicle logistics and processing center for Hyundai and Kia vehicles. &lt;br /&gt;Past models: &lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 |Chevrolet S-10]] (1982-03), [[w:Chevrolet S-10 EV|Chevrolet S-10 EV]] (1997-1998),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]] (1983-1991 2-d),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC S-15|GMC S-15]] (1982-1990), [[w:GMC Sonoma|GMC Sonoma]] (1991-03), [[w:GMC Syclone|GMC Syclone]] (1991),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer#First generation (1983–1994)|GMC S-15 Jimmy]] (1983-1991 2-d),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Hombre|Isuzu Hombre]] (1996-'00) 

|- 

|A||[[w:General Motors South Africa|General Motors South Africa]] Darling Street &amp; Kempston Road plants||[[w:Port Elizabeth, South Africa|Port Elizabeth]]||[[w:South Africa|South Africa]]||[[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa and Willow Run)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Beaumont (automobile)|Acadian Beaumont &amp; Beaumont]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa 1966-69)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona#Export models|Chevrolet Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)#HJ|Chevrolet Caprice Classic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Constantia|Chevrolet Constantia]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevair|Chevrolet Chevair]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]]/[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Nomad#South Africa production (GMSA)|Chevrolet Nomad]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Statesman (automobile)#HQ|Chevrolet De Ville]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK#South Africa|Chevrolet El Camino&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet El Toro]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HK#South Africa|Chevrolet Kommando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet LUV|Chevrolet LUV]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HD|Holden HD]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HR|Holden HR]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Monaro#Export program|Holden Monaro (HT)/Chevrolet SS (HG)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Parisienne|Pontiac Parisienne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva#South Africa|Chevrolet Firenza/1300/1900]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series D#ZA|Chevrolet 2500, 3800, 4100]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series E#Chevrolet Rekord|Chevrolet Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona#Ascona C (1981–1988)|Opel Ascona C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett A|Opel Kadett A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett B|Opel Kadett B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett D (1979–1984)|Opel Kadett D]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett E (1984–1995)|Opel Kadett E/Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel Kadett F]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel Astra G]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa B (S93; 1993)|Opel Corsa B/Corsa Lite]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viscount|Vauxhall Viscount]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva#Other markets|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Faster|Isuzu KB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max|Isuzu KB (D-Max based)]]&lt;br /&gt;||1926 (Darling Street)&lt;br /&gt;1928 (Kempston Road)||1929 (Darling Street)&lt;br /&gt;2017||Also assembled in the pre-WWII era: &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oakland (automobile)|Oakland]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Frigidaire|Frigidaire]] appliances. 

Also built the [[w:Ranger (automobile)#South Africa|Ranger]]. 

 
GM sold the factory to Isuzu in 2017 and left the South African market. Isuzu consolidated its commercial truck production in the Struandale plant which already built Isuzu pickups and the Kempston Road plant ended production on Nov. 30, 2018. 

|- 

|4||[[w:General Motors South Africa|General Motors South Africa]] Struandale plant||[[w:Port Elizabeth, South Africa|Port Elizabeth]]||[[w:South Africa|South Africa]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Africa|Chevrolet Spark (M300)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Corsa#Corsa C (X01; 2000)|Opel Corsa C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Montana#South Africa|Opel Corsa Utility/Chevrolet Utility]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Hummer H3|Hummer H3]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu D-Max#Second generation (RT; 2011)|Isuzu KB]]&lt;br /&gt;||1996||2017||Struandale was originally a Ford plant opened in 1973 which GM South Africa bought during the time it was known as Delta Motor Corp. in 1994. 

 
GM sold the factory to Isuzu in 2017 and left the South African market. Struandale absorbed Isuzu pickup production beginning with the 2nd generation D-Max around 2013 &amp; Isuzu commercial truck ([[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] &amp; [[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]]) production in Jan. 2019. Isuzu KB was renamed D-Max in South Africa in 2018, aligning with the rest of the world. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors South Africa|General Motors South Africa]] Engine plant - Aloes||[[w:Port Elizabeth, South Africa|Port Elizabeth]]||[[w:South Africa|South Africa]]||[[w:Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine|Chevrolet 153 4-cylinder engine]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift engine|Chevrolet Turbo-Thrift inline-6]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]] inline-4||1966||1999?||  

|- 

|C (1965-1982)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; U (1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;S (1960-1964 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;C (1937-1964 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] and 1936-1959 [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2 (1938-1964 &lt;br&gt; [[w:Buick|Buick]]) ||[[w:South Gate Assembly|South Gate Assembly]]||[[w:South Gate, California|South Gate, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Cavalier|Chevrolet Cavalier]] (1982) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Cadillac Cimarron|Cadillac Cimarron]] (1982)||1936||1982|| Located at 2700 Tweedy Blvd. South Gate Assembly was the 1st GM multi-brand assembly plant, assembling Buick, Oldsmobile, and Pontiac models. The first finished cars were produced in May 1936. It was operated by GM's Southern California Division through 1943. Automobile production ended in Feb. 1942. During WWII, it produced the M5 and M5A1 Stuart tanks from July 1942-August 1943 in cooperation with Cadillac Division which held the contract to build the tank. It also provided a proof range for Army Ordnance to test various types of machine gun and cannon shells. Space was also provided for Army Ordnance to modify M4 medium tanks. Also built were gun shields and deck houses for the Navy. When M5A1 production ceased in August 1943, the plant was leased to Douglas Aircraft Co. until the end of the war for aircraft parts production. After the war ended, in 1945, Southgate &amp; Linden were both placed in a new division called the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. South Gate began making Chevrolet full-size cars for 1964. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. South Gate was converted to build H-body small cars like the Vega for 1975 but the plant was switched back to full-size cars for 1977, building Chevy, Oldsmobile, &amp; Buick B-bodies. In 1979, South Gate Assembly became the second plant (the 1st was Linden, NJ in 1971) outside Cadillac's home plant in Detroit to assemble Cadillacs when it began to assemble C-body Cadillacs like the DeVille instead of Oldsmobile &amp; Buick B-bodies. The plant was then idled in March 1980. It was again switched to build small cars for 1982, this time the J-body. Slow sales and efforts to reduce air quality issues resulted in plant closure, with production ending on March 23, 1982. Plant demolished and site used for 3 new schools for L.A. School District and the South Gate Industrial and Business Park at the southern end of the property.&lt;br /&gt; Unibody B-O-P &quot;Y&quot;-body [[w:Buick Special#1961–1963|Buick Special]]/[[w:Buick Skylark#First generation (1961–1963)|Buick Skylark]] (1962-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile F-85#First generation (1961)|Oldsmobile F-85/&lt;br&gt; Cutlass]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Tempest#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac Tempest]]/[[w:Pontiac LeMans#First generation (1961–1963)|Pontiac LeMans]] (1962-1963) added to B-&amp; C-body mix 1961-63; replaced by [[w:General Motors B platform|Chevrolet B-body]] for 1964; [[w:GM H platform (RWD)|GM H platform (RWD)]]: [[w:Chevrolet Vega|Chevrolet Vega]] (1975), [[w:Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]] (1975-1976), [[w:Pontiac Astre|Pontiac Astre]] (1975), [[w:Pontiac Sunbird#First generation (1976–1980)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1976), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#Second generation (1975–1980)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (H-body) (1976), [[w:Buick Skyhawk#First generation (1975–1980)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1976); [[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971-1973); [[w:Buick Century|Buick Century]] (1936-1942, 1954-1958); [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1963); [[w:Buick Estate#1970|Buick Estate]] (1970-1973); [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962); [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1974, 1977-1978); [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1947-1949, 1953-1958); [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1936-1958); [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1940-1958); [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970); [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1964-1974); [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1974, 1977-80); [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1964-1974, 1977-1980); [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1970, 1977-1978); [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1941-63); [[w:Oldsmobile Jetstar I|Oldsmobile Jetstar I]] (1964-1965); [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1966); [[w:Pontiac 2+2|Pontiac 2+2]] (1964-1967); [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-1970, 1972-1973); [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1973); [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1949-1953, 1955-1958); [[w:Pontiac Executive|Pontiac Executive]] (1967-1968); [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-68); [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1960, 1962, 1966); [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961); [[w:Cadillac Deville#Fifth generation (1977–1984)|Cadillac Deville]] (1979-1980).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:St. Catharines Components Plant|St. Catharines Components Plant]]||[[w:St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||Engine components&lt;br /&gt;Transmissions&lt;br /&gt;Transmission components&lt;br /&gt;Starter motors&lt;br /&gt;Alternators&lt;br /&gt; Final drive assemblies&lt;br /&gt; Axles&lt;br /&gt;Steering wheels&lt;br /&gt;Steering gear&lt;br /&gt;Shock absorbers&lt;br /&gt;Brakes&lt;br /&gt;Bearings&lt;br /&gt;Horns&lt;br /&gt;Vehicle Radios&lt;br /&gt;Fractional horsepower motors for appliances||1929||2010||Was located at 285 Ontario Street. Originally McKinnon Dash and Metal Work Ltd., which opened this site in 1900. In 1917, the company was renamed McKinnon Industries, Ltd. Taken over by GM on March 29, 1929. In 1963, fractional horsepower motors for appliances were moved to the GM Diesel plant in London, Ontario. In 1964, vehicle radios, horns, and shocks were moved to the Scarborough plant followed by propshafts in 1966. In 1969, McKinnon Industries Ltd. was integrated into GM Canada rather than being a separate subsidiary. In 1990, the Axle Plant is officially renamed Components Plant. Permanently closed in 2010 as part of GM's restructuring plans. All operations were transferred to [[w:St. Catharines Engine Plant|St. Catharines Engine Plant]]. Some of the Components Plant was demolished in 2016 and the site will be re-developed for mixed-use residential and commercial development. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||St. Catharines Foundry||[[w:St. Catharines, Ontario|St. Catharines, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Casting|Iron casting]] of engine parts||1952||1995|| Was located at 285 Ontario Street. Operated as part of GM subsidiary McKinnon Industries, Ltd. until 1969 when it became &quot;General Motors of Canada Limited, St. Catharines&quot;. Aligned with GM's Central Foundry Division in 1989.  

|- 

|S &lt;br /&gt;(1952 [[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC]] and 1953-1987)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;3 &lt;br /&gt;(1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:St. Louis Truck Assembly|St. Louis Truck Assembly]]||[[w:St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis, Missouri]]||United States ||[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)|GMC C/K (Rounded Line)]] (1973-1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|Chevrolet R/V]] (1987 only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (third generation)#R/V-Series (1987–1991)|GMC R/V]] (1987 only)||1920&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.autonews.com/article/20111031/CHEVY100/310319998/built-across-the-nation|author=James B. Treece|title=Built across the nation|publisher=Autonews.com|date=October 31, 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;||1987||Located at 3809 N. Union Blvd. Chevrolet had previously licensed [[w:Gardner (automobile)|Gardner Buggy Co.]] to assemble its cars in St. Louis in 1915. That was replaced by Chevrolet's own St. Louis plant on Union Blvd. Built 149,135 [[w:GMC CCKW 2½-ton 6×6 truck|GMC CCKW 6x6 trucks]] &amp; 6,748 [[w:DUKW|DUKW]] amphibious vehicles during WWII. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. St. Louis Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971. Operated 3 assembly lines: car line, truck line, and the Corvette line. 695,214 Corvettes were built from 1954-1981 in the old Fisher Body Mill Building that had been used to assemble wooden bodies in earlier years and was converted to Corvette production. First 1954 Corvette was built in St. Louis on December 28, 1953. Last Corvette built in St. Louis was built July 31, 1981. Chevy Caprice &amp; Impala production ended on August 1,  1980 and the main car line closed down. Was a Truck and Bus Group plant from 1982, only making full-size pickups. Closed August 7, 1987. The second-to-last vehicle produced was a GMC R1500 regular cab, long bed pickup while the last vehicle produced was a Chevy pickup. The old Fisher Body Mill Building where Corvettes were built was demolished in 1992. Some of the main assembly facility was demolished and the remainder was renovated to become the Union Seventy Center. The remainder of the site, roughly 118 acres, was demolished and replaced with trees, grass, a pond, &amp; new access roads. Property is now the Union Seventy Center, an industrial warehouse and distribution campus used by several different tenants. &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series 490|Chevrolet Series 490]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]], [[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]], [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]], &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]], [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1970), [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1969–1972|Chevrolet K5 Blazer]] (1969-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair Forward Control]] (1961-1965), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1980), [[w:Chevrolet Corvette|Chevrolet Corvette]] (1954-1981), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino#First generation (1959–1960)|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1980), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1956, 1959, 1963-1967), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972), [[w:Chevrolet K5 Blazer#1969–1972|GMC Jimmy]] (1970-1972), [[w:GMC New Design|GMC New Design]] (1953-1954), [[w:GMC Suburban|GMC Suburban]] (1947-1955, 1967-1972)

|- 

|2||[[w:Sainte-Thérèse Assembly|Ste. Thérèse Assembly]]||[[w:Boisbriand, Quebec|Boisbriand, Quebec]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:Chevrolet Camaro (fourth generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]] (1993-2002)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firebird#Fourth generation (1993–2002)|Pontiac Firebird]] (1993-2002)||1966||2002||Located at 2500 Boulevard De la Grande-Allée. &lt;br /&gt;Past models:&lt;br&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]] (1987-90)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera|Oldsmobile Cutlass Ciera]] (1988-1991)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Cutlass#Fifth-generation (intermediate) 1978–1988|Oldsmobile Cutlass/Cutlass Supreme]] (1978-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile 442|Oldsmobile Cutlass 442]] (1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Seventh generation (1982–1986)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1983-86)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#Fifth generation (1978–1987)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1978-1981, 1983-1987)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#1986|Pontiac Grand Prix 2+2]] (1986)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Vega|Chevrolet Vega]] (1973-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Astre|Pontiac Astre]] (1973-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]] (1975-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Sunbird#First generation (1976–1980)|Pontiac Sunbird]] (1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#Second generation (1975–1980)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1975-77)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skyhawk#First generation (1975–1980)|Buick Skyhawk]] (1975-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1967-70)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1967-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1970-1972)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Pontiac Grand Ville|Pontiac Grand Ville]] (1971).  

Plant demolished and site re-developed as a commercial and residential site known as Faubourg Boisbriand and the Centre for Sports Excellence. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Strasbourg Transmission||[[w:Strasbourg|Strasbourg]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L45/6L50]] 6-speed RWD automatic transmissions||1968||2013||Past products: [[w:GM 5L40-E transmission|5L40]], [[w:GM 4L30-E transmission|4L30]], [[w:Turbo-Hydramatic 180|TH180/3L30]] RWD automatic transmissions 

Also supplied 4-, 5-, &amp; 6-speed RWD auto. transmissions to [[w:BMW|BMW]].&lt;br /&gt; Also supplied 3-speed RWD auto. transmissions to Fiat, Peugeot ([[w:Peugeot 604|604]]), &amp; Rover ([[w:Rover SD1|SD1]]). 

Sold to Punch Metals International in 2013, which renamed the unit as Punch Powerglide Strasbourg.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2012/12/general-motors-sells-strasbourg-plant-to-punch-metals-international/|title = General Motors Sells Strasbourg Plant to Punch Metals International|author=Alex Luft|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date = 22 December 2012}}&lt;/ref&gt; In 2014, Punch Powerglide Strasbourg began producing [[w:ZF 8HP transmission|8HP 8-speed automatic transmissions]] for [[w:ZF Friedrichshafen|ZF Friedrichshafen]] in addition to the GM 6L50 6-speed automatic transmission. In 2023, Punch Powerglide Strasbourg was renamed Dumarey Powerglide Strasbourg.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors Suisse AG||[[w:Biel|Biel]]||[[w:Switzerland|Switzerland]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] 1936-1941, 1946-1968&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|title=What's Wrong With This Picture? And What's Very Right With the Other Ones? They Do Things a Bit Differently In Switzerland|date=15 August 2020 |at=see 20th comment down from 8-15-20 5:59 pm|url=https://www.curbsideclassic.com/blog/qotd/whats-wrong-with-this-picture-and-whats-very-right-with-the-other-ones-they-do-things-a-bit-differently-in-switzerland/}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]] 1937-1939, 1946-1959 (None produced in 1955-1956)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] 1936-1940, 1947-1958&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]] 1936-1940, 1946-1958&lt;br /&gt;[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] 1936 &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Cadillac|Cadillac]] 1938-1940&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]] 1936-1941, 1950-1975&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] 1936-1940, 1946-1971&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Ranger (automobile)#Europe|Ranger]] 1970-1975  ||1936||1975|| First car off the line was a [[w:Buick Series 40|Buick Model 41]] on February 5, 1936. Other prewar cars built include the [[w:Buick Series 90|Buick Series 90]] &amp; [[w:Opel P4|Opel P4]]. GM rented the factory from the city council until they bought it on Feb. 20, 1947. Closed August 14, 1975. Last car was an [[w:Opel Rekord D|Opel Rekord D]]. A total of 329,864 cars were assembled. Regular as well as customized vehicles in small series were made like drawing vehicles for the [[w:Swiss Armed Forces|Swiss Armed Forces]]: An open 6-seater [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] Platform combined with an Opel 2.5L I-6 cylinder; after World War II those &quot;Swiss&quot; cars were also offered to the public as limousines. As well, GM produced luxury upgraded vehicles for the European market like the [[w:Opel Kapitän|Opel Kapitän]], [[w:Opel Rekord P1#Swiss assembly|Rekord]] &quot;Ascona Edition&quot;, and the Kadett-based [[w:Opel Kadett B#Opel Ascona (modified Kadett B assembled in Biel, Switzerland)|Opel Ascona 1700]] up to the early 1970s. The [[w:Ranger (automobile)#Europe|Ranger]] was invented by using [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] structures on an [[w:Opel Rekord C|Opel Rekord C]] body. Also built the first generation [[w:Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)|Chevrolet Camaro]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]], [[w:Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II / Nova]], &amp; the [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (from CKD kits supplied from Oshawa). Also built the [[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]] and the special Victor Riviera as well as the [[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]] and [[w:Vauxhall Viscount|Vauxhall Viscount]]. Afterwards the plant was used as GM's European central spare parts warehouse until 1992. Most buildings still exist, they now house a [[w:Coop (Switzerland)|Coop]] mall. &amp;nbsp;  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||SynergyCells||[[w:New Carlisle, Indiana|New Carlisle, Indiana]]||United States||Was supposed to make NCA (Nickel Cobalt Aluminum Oxide) type lithium-ion battery cells for EV's||Was scheduled to open in 2027|| || Originally owned and constructed by SynergyCells, a 49.99/50.01 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:Samsung SDI|Samsung SDI]] established in 2024. GM sold its stake in the plant to partner Samsung SDI in 2026 before the plant opened. Located at 56115 Larrison Road (also referred to as 31949 SR 2)

|- 

|T||[[w:General Motors India|Talegaon]]||[[w:Talegaon|Talegaon]], [[w:Pune district|Pune district]], [[w:Maharashtra|Maharashtra]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark|Chevrolet Spark]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Beat|Chevrolet Beat]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail#Second generation (2010)|Chevrolet Sail U-VA]] (hatchback)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Sail|Chevrolet Sail]]||2008||2020||Part of [[w:General Motors India|GM India]]. Production began in September 2008. Closed December 24, 2020. [[w:Hyundai Motor India|Hyundai Motor India]] signed a deal to buy the Talegaon plant from GM in August 2023 and completed the deal to buy the plant in January 2024. After extensive renovations and upgrades, Hyundai reopened the plant in October 2026. The Hyundai plant now includes an engine plant in addition to the vehicle assembly plant. 

|- 

|T (1953-1996)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2 (1928-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:North Tarrytown Assembly|North Tarrytown Assembly]]||[[w:Sleepy Hollow, New York|North Tarrytown, New York]]||United States||Past models:&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 490|Chevrolet 490]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Superior|Chevrolet Superior]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AA Capitol|Chevrolet Series AA Capitol]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AB National|Chevrolet Series AB National]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AC International|Chevrolet Series AC International]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AD Universal|Chevrolet Series AD Universal]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series AE Independence|Chevrolet Series AE Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series BA Confederate|Chevrolet Series BA Confederate]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Standard Six|Chevrolet Standard Six]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master|Chevrolet Series CA Eagle / Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Master|Chevrolet Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Stylemaster|Chevrolet Stylemaster]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Fleetmaster|Chevrolet Fleetmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet AK Series|Chevrolet AK Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1947-1955)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K (Gen.1)]] (1960-1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|Chevrolet C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957)&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1970)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1974)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1950, 1952, 1963-1964, 1966)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K (second generation)|GMC C/K (Action Line)]] (1967-1972)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]] (1975-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1980-1985)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Ventura#1971–1977|Pontiac Ventura]] (1975-1977)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Phoenix#First generation (1977–1979)|Pontiac Phoenix (rwd X-body)]] (1978-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Phoenix#Second generation (1980–1984)|Pontiac Phoenix (fwd X-body)]] (1980-1984)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac 6000|Pontiac 6000]] (1985-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Buick Skylark (rwd X-body)]] (1976-1979)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Skylark#Fifth generation (1980–1985)|Buick Skylark (fwd X-body)]] (1980-1983)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Buick Century]] (1985-1989)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lumina APV|Chevrolet Lumina APV]] (1990-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lumina Minivan|Chevrolet Lumina Minivan]] (1994-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Trans Sport#First generation (1990-1996)|Pontiac Trans Sport]] (1990-1996)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Silhouette#First generation (1990–1996)|Oldsmobile Silhouette]] (1990-1996) ||1918 (as part of GM)||1996|| Located at 199 Beekman Avenue. Originally built by [[w:Mobile Company of America|Mobile Company of America]]. In 1904, plant was sold to Maxwell-Briscoe, which later became [[w:Maxwell Motor Company|Maxwell Motor Company]]. Chevrolet bought the complex in 1914, before Chevrolet was part of GM. The first Chevrolet produced in Tarrytown was the [[w:Chevrolet 490|Chevrolet 490]]. The plant became part of GM when Chevrolet became part of GM in 1918. The Fisher Body side of the plant became part of GM's Eastern Aircraft Division during World War II and assembled the wings, center section, trailing edges, motor mount, cabin, windshield, &amp; upholstery for Avenger bombers &amp; Wildcat fighters. Built the 50 millionth Chevrolet, a white 1963 Impala SS on June 10, 1963. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Tarrytown Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Passenger car production ended on Feb. 3, 1989. Plant joined Truck and Bus Group for 1990 when it was converted to build GM's new trio of fwd minivans. Plant closed in June 1996. Minivan production moved to [[w:Doraville Assembly|Doraville Assembly]] for 1997. North Tarrytown changed its name to Sleepy Hollow in December 1996. Plant was demolished. Site being redeveloped as Edge-on-Hudson, a mixed use residential/retail/office/park space.  

|-

|H||[[w:General Motors Thailand|General Motors Thailand]] Ltd.||Pluak Daeng, [[w:Rayong province|Rayong province]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Chevrolet Colorado|Chevrolet/Holden Colorado]] (RC/RG) &lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#RG|Chevrolet/Holden Trailblazer &amp; Holden Colorado 7]] (RG)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Chevrolet Optra]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Daewoo Kalos|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Daewoo Winstorm|Chevrolet/Holden Captiva]]||2000||2020||Past Models:&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999)|Opel/Vauxhall/Chevrolet Zafira]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Opel Zafira#Zafira A (1999)|Holden Zafira (TT)]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Subaru Traviq|Subaru Traviq]], [[w:Isuzu D-Max#First generation (RA, RC; 2002)|Isuzu D-Max]],&lt;br&gt; [[w:Alfa Romeo 156|Alfa Romeo 156]] [https://www.just-auto.com/news/thailand-gm-to-make-alfa-156-in-thailand/]&lt;br /&gt; Sold to [[w:Great Wall Motors|Great Wall Motors]] in 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/09/sale-of-gm-rayong-plant-to-great-wall-motors-confirmed/|title=Sale of GM Rayong Plant to Great Wall Motors Confirmed|author=Sam McEachern|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date=30 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:General Motors Thailand|General Motors Powertrain (Thailand) Ltd.]]||Pluak Daeng, [[w:Rayong province|Rayong province]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||2.5L ([[w:List of VM Motori engines#R 425 DOHC|R 425 DOHC]]) &amp; 2.8L ([[w:List of VM Motori engines#R 428 DOHC|R 428 DOHC]] &amp; [[w:List of VM Motori engines#A 428 DOHC|A 428 DOHC]]) turbodiesel I4 engines||2011||2020|| Sold to [[w:Great Wall Motors|Great Wall Motors]] in 2020.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2020/09/sale-of-gm-rayong-plant-to-great-wall-motors-confirmed/|title=Sale of GM Rayong Plant to Great Wall Motors Confirmed|author=Sam McEachern|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date=30 September 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|-  

|&amp;nbsp;||Three Rivers||[[w:Three Rivers, Michigan|Three Rivers]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Rwd Automatic transmissions, propshafts||1979||1994||Located at 1 Manufacturing Way (formerly 1 Hydramatic Drive) off W. Hoffman St. GM bought the closed plant from Continental Can Co. Part of GM St. Joseph County Operations &amp; GM Hydramatic Division. The Hydramatic Division merged with the GM Engine Division to form GM Powertrain in 1991-1992. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Inc.]] in 1994. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toledo Transmission|Toledo Transmission]]||[[w:Toledo, Ohio|Toledo, Ohio]]||United States||Transmissions, Gears||1916||1957||Located at 900 W. Central Ave. Acquired from Warner Gear Co. by Chevrolet in 1916 before Chevrolet was part of GM. The plant became part of GM when Chevrolet became part of GM in 1918. During WWII, produced truck transfer cases and transmissions for four- and six-wheel-drive military trucks. Replaced by the current Toledo Transmission plant on Alexis Road in 1956. A brick smokestack that says &quot;CHEVROLET&quot; on it is a remnant of this plant and can still be seen today at the intersection of Maplewood Ave. and Arcadia Ave. It is similar to the more famous smokestack that says &quot;OVERLAND&quot;, a remnant of the old Willys-Overland Jeep plant, which is only a short distance away from the Chevrolet smokestack. 

|- 

|M||Toluca Assembly||[[w:Toluca|Toluca]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]]||1995&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|author=Thomas H. Klier, James Rubenstein|title=Mexico’s Growing Role in the Auto Industry Under NAFTA: Who Makes What and What Goes Where|url=https://www.chicagofed.org/publications/economic-perspectives/2017/6.|publisher=Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Economic Perspectives, Vol. 41, No. 6|at=see table 11 and footnotes right under table 11|date=September 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;||2008||[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]], [[w:Chevrolet C/K (fourth generation)#C3500HD (1991–2002)|Chevrolet/GMC C3500HD]] (US: 2001-2002), [[w:Chevrolet Silverado#First-generation Silverado / second-generation Sierra (GMT800; 1999)|Chevrolet Silverado]] 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tonawanda Forge||[[w:Tonawanda (town), New York|Tonawanda]], [[w:New York (state)|New York]]||United States||Forged metal components||c.1950||1994||Located at 2390-2392 Kenmore Ave. Sold to [[w:American Axle|American Axle &amp; Manufacturing Inc.]] in 1994. Closed in 2008, subsequently demolished.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tonawanda Foundry||[[w:Tonawanda (town), New York|Tonawanda]], [[w:New York (state)|New York]]||United States||[[w:Casting|Iron castings]] of engine parts, brake drums. ||1954||1984||Was located on River Road. Was a Chevrolet Foundry. Was part of GM's Central Foundry Division. &amp;nbsp; 

|- 

|Z||General Motors Turkiye Ltd.||[[w:Torbali|Torbali]], [[w:Izmir Province|Izmir Province]]||[[w:Turkey|Turkey]]||[[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]] A &amp; B||1990||2000||[[w:Adam Opel AG|Opel plant]]. Converted into a spare parts warehouse. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Ultium#Production|Ultium Cells LLC - Lansing]]||[[w:Delta Township, Michigan|Delta Township, Michigan]]||United States||Was supposed to make Ultium lithium-ion battery cells for EV's||Was scheduled to open in late 2024 or in 2025|| || Originally owned and constructed by Ultium Cells LLC, a 50/50 joint venture between General Motors and [[w:LG Energy Solution|LG Energy Solution]]. This was supposed to be Ultium Cells' third plant but GM sold its stake in the plant to partner LG Energy Solution in 2025 before the plant opened. Located at 7111 Davis Hwy. It is adjacent to GM's Lansing Delta Township Assembly plant.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors Uruguaya SA||[[w:Sayago|Sayago]], [[w:Montevideo|Montevideo]]||[[w:Uruguay|Uruguay]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]]||1962||1986||  

|- 

|L (1953-1992)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;20 (1947-1952 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]])||[[w:Van Nuys Assembly|Van Nuys Assembly]]||[[w:Van Nuys, California|Van Nuys, California]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro]] (1967-1971, 1978-1992)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firebird|Pontiac Firebird]] (1968-1971, 1978-1992) ||1947||1992||Located at 8000 Van Nuys Blvd. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Van Nuys Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1968. Demolished in 1993. Redeveloped into &quot;The Plant&quot;, a retail and industrial complex that also includes LAPD and LAFD stations.&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Buick Apollo|Buick Apollo]] (1973-1975), [[w:Buick Skylark#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Buick Skylark]] (1975-1977), [[w:Chevrolet 150|Chevrolet 150]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet 210|Chevrolet 210]] (1953-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Advance Design]] (1948-1955), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1950-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1958-1969), [[w:Chevrolet C/K (first generation)|Chevrolet C/K]] (1960-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]] (1964, 1970-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1963, 1965-1966), [[w:Chevrolet Delray|Chevrolet Delray]] (1954-1958), [[w:Chevrolet El Camino|Chevrolet El Camino]] (1959-1960, 1964, 1970-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1958-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Monte Carlo|Chevrolet Monte Carlo]] (1970-1972), [[w:Chevrolet Nomad|Chevrolet Nomad]] (1955-1957), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]] (1972-1977), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1952, 1955, 1959), [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1955-1959), [[w:GMC Sprint|GMC Sprint]] (1971-1972), [[w:Oldsmobile Omega|Oldsmobile Omega]] (1973-1977), [[w:Pontiac GTO#Fourth generation|Pontiac GTO]] (1974), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1971–1977 X-body compact|Pontiac Ventura]] (1972-1976)

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Vauxhall - Bedford Die Plant||[[w:Bedford|Bedford]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||Tools &amp; Die Manufacturing||1969||1980's||Opened May 1969. Supplemented die-making at the Luton plant. 

|-

|8 (since 1993)&lt;br /&gt;E (before 1993)||[[w:Vauxhall Ellesmere Port|Vauxhall Ellesmere Port]]||[[w:Ellesmere Port|Ellesmere Port]], [[w:Cheshire|Cheshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Opel Astra#K|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] K (5-door, Sports Tourer)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#J|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] J (5-door, Sports Tourer)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#H|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] H&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] G&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra|Vauxhall Astra]] F&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett E|Opel Kadett E]]/[[w:Vauxhall Astra#Second generation (1984–1991)|Vauxhall Astra Mk II]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Belmont|Vauxhall Belmont]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Combo#Kadett Combo (Combo A; 1986)|Opel Kadett Combo/Bedford Astravan &amp; Astramax]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Astra#First generation (1980–1984)|Vauxhall Astra Mk I]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Chevette|Vauxhall Chevette]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Chevanne|Bedford Chevanne]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Firenza|Vauxhall Firenza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Magnum|Vauxhall Magnum]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra C (2002–2010)|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra C]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Third generation (TR; 1995)|Holden Astra (TR)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Seventh generation (BK, BL; 2016)|Holden Astra (BK)]] (wagon)&lt;br /&gt;Vauxhall Viva OHV Inline-4&lt;br /&gt;[[w:General Motors 54° V6 engine|General Motors 54° V6 engine]]||1962||2017|| [[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall plant]]. &lt;br /&gt;Also made engines, transmissions, axles, &amp; other components. Component production began in November 1962. Vehicle production began with the Viva on June 1, 1964. Engine production ended in 2004. Sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] since 2021. Absorbing production of electric midsize vans from Luton van plant following Luton's closure on March 28, 2025.

|- 

|7 (since 1993)&lt;br /&gt;V (before 1993)||Vauxhall Luton (car plant)||[[w:Luton|Luton]], [[w:Bedfordshire|Bedfordshire]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||[[w:Vauxhall Carlton|Vauxhall Carlton]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cavalier|Vauxhall Cavalier]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel/Vauxhall Vectra B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Velox|Vauxhall Velox]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Ventora|Vauxhall Ventora]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viscount|Vauxhall Viscount]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX4/90|Vauxhall VX4/90]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX Series|Vauxhall VX Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Wyvern|Vauxhall Wyvern]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Envoy (automobile)#Vauxhall Victor based models|Envoy F/FB/FC/FD]]&lt;br /&gt;Chevrolet Bedford AC/LQ&lt;br /&gt;Bedford WHG/WLG/WS/VYC/AS/WT/BYC/K/[[w:Bedford M series|MS/ML]]/OS/OL/[[w:Bedford OB|OB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford S type|Bedford S series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford SB|Bedford SB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford TA|Bedford TA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HC|Bedford HC/JC/PC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford CA|Bedford CA/Envoy EA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford CF|Bedford CF/CF1/Opel Bedford Blitz]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA|Bedford HA]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Slant-4 engine|Vauxhall Slant-4 engine]]&lt;br /&gt;Vauxhall OHV Inline-6&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Churchill tank|Churchill tank]] ||1905 (operations began)&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;1925 (part of GM)||2002|| Vauxhall moved from London to Luton in 1905. GM bought Vauxhall in 1925. Chevrolet truck production was moved to Luton in 1930 from the Hendon plant and became known as Chevrolet Bedford. Chevrolet Bedford trucks were replaced by Vauxhall-developed Bedford trucks during 1931 though Chevrolet Bedford production continued through 1932. Bedford trucks and buses were built at Luton until production was moved to Dunstable in 1955. Subsequently, only Bedford vans and car-based light commercial vehicles were still made in Luton. Produced Churchill tanks during World War II. Production ended in 2002 with the [[w:Vauxhall Vectra|Vauxhall Vectra]]. Over 7.4 million vehicles had been produced. The Luton passenger car plant was next to the at the time still active van plant previously used by the IBC Vehicles joint venture. The plant has now been demolished and the site is now being redeveloped for housing.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=http://www.lutontoday.co.uk/news/politics/redevelopment-of-former-vauxhall-site-given-the-go-ahead-1-5795094|work=Luton Today|title=Redevelopment of former Vauxhall site given the go-ahead|date=8 Jan 2014|access-date=29 September 2014}}&lt;/ref&gt; It is being redeveloped into a new Luton suburb called [[w:Napier Park|Napier Park]]. The van plant was closed in 2025 by Stellantis. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM de Venezuela&lt;br /&gt;Caracas||[[w:Antimano|Antimano]], [[w:Caracas|Caracas]]||[[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]]||[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Camaro|Chevrolet Camaro]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevelle|Chevrolet Chevelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Deluxe|Chevrolet Deluxe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Malibu|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Nova]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Advance Design|Chevrolet Thriftmaster/Loadmaster]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]] ||1948||1983||Plant closed in 1983 &amp; GM moved to the newer Valencia plant that it bought from Chrysler in 1979.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Venezolana&lt;br /&gt;Mariara||[[w:Mariara|Mariara]], [[w:Carabobo|Carabobo]]||[[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Second-generation Silverado / third-generation Sierra (GMT900; 2007)|Chevrolet C3500]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Isuzu Forward|Chevrolet F-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Giga|Chevrolet E-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;||2008||2015||Plant closed in 2015 &amp; N-Series moved to Valencia plant.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||GM Venezolana&lt;br /&gt;Valencia||[[w:Valencia, Carabobo|Valencia]], [[w:Carabobo|Carabobo]]||[[w:Venezuela|Venezuela]]||[[w:Chevrolet Astra|Chevrolet Astra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet C/K|Chevrolet C/K]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Celebrity|Chevrolet Celebrity]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Century#Fifth generation (1982–1996)|Chevrolet Century]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Chevette#Latin America|Chevrolet Chevette]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Corsa|Chevrolet Corsa]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|Chevrolet Grand Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Kodiak|Chevrolet Kodiak]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fourth generation (1978)|Chevrolet Malibu]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona#Chevrolet Monza|Chevrolet Monza]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Elf|Chevrolet N-Series]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Chevrolet Optra]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2011)|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet S-10 Blazer|Chevrolet S-10 Blazer]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Silverado|Chevrolet Silverado]]&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Chevrolet Spark|Chevrolet Spark]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe|Chevrolet Tahoe]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet TrailBlazer#First generation (KC; 2001)|Chevrolet TrailBlazer]] ||1979||2017||Originally built by Chrysler de Venezuela SA. GM bought the plant from Chrysler in 1979 and moved their entire operations there from the Caracas plant by 1983. &lt;br /&gt; 

There had already been production pauses because of part shortages between 2014 and 2016. On May 2, 2017 GM announced the total closure of the plant and deconsolidation of the Venezuelan unit from its accounts due to the illegal seizure of its factory by the Venezuelan government. The plant halted all of its operations of manufacturing vehicles and now only retains the GM brands representation.&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.semana.com/internacional/articulo/general-motors-cierra-operaciones-en-venezuela/244829|title=General Motors concreta el cierre de sus operaciones en Venezuela|website=Semana.com|date=May 2, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite news|url=https://elpais.com/internacional/2017/04/20/actualidad/1492679446_631610.html|title=General Motors suspende operaciones en Venezuela tras el embargo de una planta|newspaper=El País|date=April 20, 2017|via=elpais.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.elcomercio.com/actualidad/generalmotors-cierre-operaciones-venezuela-negocios.html|title=General Motors inicia cierre de operaciones en Venezuela|website=El Comercio|date=May 2, 2017}}&lt;/ref&gt; 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GM Vietnam|GM Vietnam]]||[[w:Hanoi, Vietnam|Hanoi]]||[[w:Vietnam|Vietnam]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo|Chevrolet Aveo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Cruze#First generation (J300; 2008)|Chevrolet Cruze]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Second generation (M200, M250; 2005)|Chevrolet Spark Lite]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Third generation (M300; 2009)|Chevrolet Spark]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2011)|Chevrolet Orlando]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Vivant|Chevrolet Vivant]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Cielo|Daewoo Cielo]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lacetti|Daewoo Lacetti]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo Lanos|Daewoo Lanos]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Leganza|Daewoo Leganza]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Magnus|Daewoo Magnus]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Matiz|Daewoo Matiz]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Nubira|Daewoo Nubira]]&lt;br&gt;[[w:Daewoo Damas|Daewoo Damas]]||1995||2018||Originally established as VIDAMCO (a joint venture with a state owned co.) in 1993 by Daewoo Motor Co. Daewoo bought out its Vietnamese partner in April 2000, making VIDAMCO 100% owned by Daewoo Motor Co. Bought by GM in 2002 as part of the creation of [[w:GM Daewoo|GM Daewoo Auto &amp; Technology Co.]] In July 2011, the name of the company was changed from VIDAMCO to GM Vietnam. Sold to [[w:VinFast|VinFast]] in 2018. [[w:VinFast Fadil|VinFast Fadil]] produced under license from GM; is a rebadged [[w:Chevrolet Spark#Fourth generation (M400; 2015)|Chevrolet Spark (M400)]]/[[w:Opel Karl|Opel Karl]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Warren Transmission|Warren Transmission]]||[[w:Warren, Michigan|Warren, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GM-Ford 6-speed automatic transmission|6T70, 6T75, 6T80]] ||1958||2020||Located at 23500 Mound Road. Past transmissions: [[w:GM 4T60-E transmission|4T65-E]], [[w:List of GM transmissions#Hybrid and PHEV|5ET50 EVT]] 

Plant originally built in 1941 as a US Navy Ordnance facility operated by the Hudson Motor Car Co. building 20mm Oerlikon anti-aircraft guns. In 1943, the Navy moved the contract from Hudson to Westinghouse, which now operated the Warren plant for the Navy. Ford bought the plant in 1946 and used it to produce axles and ball joints. GM bought the plant in 1958.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://gmauthority.com/blog/2022/01/old-gm-warren-transmission-plant-set-to-be-demolished/|title = Old GM Warren Transmission Plant Set To Be Demolished|author=Sam McEachern|publisher=GMAuthority.com|date=January 25, 2022}}&lt;/ref&gt; The plant became a Chevrolet facility making auto parts. It also made artillery shells in the 1960's and 1970's. The factory was transferred to the Hydramatic Division in 1980, later becoming part of GM Powertrain. [https://nadc1.com/?portfolio=gm-paint-shop-strip-out] Ended production on August 1, 2019. Reopened for production of face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic beginning in March 2020&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.freep.com/story/money/cars/general-motors/2020/06/08/gm-warren-transmission-plant-coronavirus/3135789001/|title = GM revived Warren plant for face mask production. What happens when demand slows?|author=Jamie LaReau|publisher=Detroit Free Press|date=June 8, 2020}}&lt;/ref&gt;. First face mask produced March 27, 2020. Sold to a developer in 2021.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Welch Motor Car Company|Welch]]||[[w:Pontiac, Michigan|Pontiac]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Welch automobiles||1909||1911||Welch Motor Car Company became affiliated with GM in 1909 and GM officially took it over in 1910. Welch ended production in 1911. Welch was noted for having engines with a single overhead cam and hemispherical combustion chambers, unusual technology for its time.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Welch Motor Car Company|Welch-Detroit]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||Welch-Detroit automobiles||1910||1911||The Welch Company of Detroit was a separate company from the Welch Motor Car Company of Pontiac, Michigan and was set up in June 1909 to build a smaller, cheaper car than the Welch made in Pontiac, Michigan. Both Welch companies became affiliated with GM in 1909 and GM officially took over both companies in 1910. Both Welch and Welch-Detroit ended production in 1911. Equipment from the factory was moved to the also GM-owned, former Rainier Motor Car Company factory in Saginaw to make the 1912 Marquette, which was said to be a combination of the previous Rainier and Welch-Detroit brands.

|-

|W||[[w:Willow Run Assembly|Willow Run Assembly]]||[[w:Ypsilanti Township, Michigan|Ypsilanti Twp, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet Caprice#Fourth generation (1991–1996)|Chevrolet Caprice]] sedan &amp; wagon (1991-1993) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser#Third generation (1991–1992)|Oldsmobile Custom Cruiser]] wagon (1991-1992)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick Roadmaster#1991–1996|Buick Roadmaster Estate wagon]] (1991-1993)||1956||1993||Located at 2625 Tyler Road, to the south of the former Willow Run Transmission plant. Initially opened in 1956 to exclusively build Chevrolet trucks in a 500,000 sq. ft. building that had been used as a warehouse by GM and was previously used by Kaiser-Frazer's engineering dept. [https://aadl.org/aa_news_19561208-chevrolet_willow_run_truck_plant_gains_momentum] In 1958-59, plant was expanded into a 2-part Chevrolet &amp; Fisher Body passenger car assembly plant to make the Chevrolet Corvair. First completed 1960 Corvair rolls off the line on July 7, 1959 [https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=792700342891740&amp;set=a.453129043515540]. Added the Chevy II (Nova) for 1962. Was part of the [[w:Chevrolet Assembly Division|Chevrolet Assembly Division]]. Chevrolet Assembly Division plants, along with the onsite Fisher Body plants, were gradually transferred to the GM Assembly Division which replaced the BOP Assembly Division in 1965. Willow Run Assembly joined the GM Assembly Division in 1971. Idled in Nov. 1978. Converted in 1978-79 to build the fwd X-body compacts for 1980. Began building fwd X-cars on January 17, 1979. In 1984, joined the new BOC group in preparation for its conversion to build the new fwd H-body full-size cars for 1986. Final H-car built on May 19, 1989 and in September, moved to the CPC group. Converted to build the body-on-frame, rwd B-body for 1991. Chevy Caprice sedan production began in January 1990 followed by station wagons in July. Closed July 1993. B-body production consolidated in Arlington, TX. Assembly plant was 2.5 million sq. ft. when it closed. The Willow Run Assembly Plant is now the Willow Run Business Center, a multi-tenant warehouse and distribution facility, part of which is leased by GM to distribute automotive service parts, which is known as Ypsilanti #87 Processing Center, part of GM Customer Care and Aftersales.  The nearby Willow Run Company Vehicle Operations site at 2901 Tyler Road was sold to International Turbine Industries in April 2013.&lt;ref name=WR-Assembly-sold&gt;{{cite news|author=Katrease Stafford|title=GM Willow Run plant redevelopment: Aircraft maintenance firm buys 1 building|url=https://www.annarbor.com/news/ypsilanti/gm-willow-run-plant-redevelopment-aircraft-maintenance-firm-purchases-facility-25-new-jobs-expected/|access-date=24 April 2013|newspaper=AnnArbor.com|date=April 2, 2013}}&lt;/ref&gt; 
Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Task Force|Chevrolet Task Force]] (1957-1958), [[w:Chevrolet Suburban#Fourth generation (1955)|Chevrolet Suburban]] (1958), [[w:Chevrolet Corvair|Chevrolet Corvair]] (1960-1969), [[w:Chevrolet Nova|Chevrolet Chevy II/Nova]] (1962-79), [[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (Canada only: 1968-71), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1971–1977 X-body compact|Pontiac &lt;br&gt; Ventura]] (1971-1977), [[w:Pontiac GTO#Fourth generation|Pontiac GTO]] (1974), [[w:Pontiac Phoenix#First generation (1977–1979)|Pontiac Phoenix (rwd &lt;br&gt; X-body)]] (1977-1979), [[w:Oldsmobile Omega|Oldsmobile Omega (rwd X-body)]] (1973-1979), [[w:Buick Skylark#Fourth generation (1975–1979)|Buick Skylark (rwd &lt;br&gt; X-body)]] (1977-1978), [[w:Chevrolet Citation|Chevrolet Citation]] (1980-1981, 1984-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile Omega#Third generation (1980–1984)|Oldsmobile Omega (fwd X-body)]] (1980-1984), [[w:Buick Skylark#Fifth generation (1980–1985)|Buick Skylark (fwd &lt;br&gt; X-body)]] (1980-1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 88#Ninth generation (1986–1991)|Oldsmobile 88]] (1986-89), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville#Eighth generation (1987–1991)|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1987-1989).

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Willow Run Transmission|Willow Run Transmission]]||[[w:Ypsilanti, Michigan|Ypsilanti, Michigan]]||United States|| [[w:Hydramatic|Hydramatic]] automatic transmissions &lt;br /&gt; [[w:GM 4L80-E transmission|4L80-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4L80-E transmission|4L85-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4T60-E transmission|4T60-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4T60-E transmission|4T65-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 4T80-E transmission|4T80-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6L50 transmission|6L50-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6L80 transmission|6L80-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM 6L90 transmission|6L90-E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;||1953||2010||Began as the Ford [[w:B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] bomber plant in World War II which opened in 1941, grew from 3.5 million square feet to nearly 5 million square feet under GM. Ford built the factory and sold it to the US government, which leased it back to Ford for the duration of WWII. Ford Motor had first option on the plant after war production ended, an option it ultimately chose not to exercise. The factory was instead leased and then sold to [[w:Kaiser-Frazer|Kaiser-Frazer]] and was their main production site from 1946-1953, when they moved production to Toledo, OH following Kaiser-Frazer's acquisition of Toledo-based [[w:Willys-Overland|Willys-Overland]]. In addition to automobiles, [[w:Kaiser-Frazer|Kaiser-Frazer]] also built [[w:C-119 Flying Boxcar|C-119 Flying Boxcar]] cargo planes at Willow Run under license from [[w:Fairchild Aircraft|Fairchild Aircraft]], producing an estimated 88 C-119s between 1951 and 1953. In 1953, GM first leased then bought the plant to replace the Detroit Transmission Division factory in Livonia, Michigan that had burned down earlier in 1953. Whatever equipment could be salvaged was brought from the destroyed Detroit Transmission Division plant in Livonia to Willow Run in 1953. Also supplied Hydramatics to Lincoln, Nash, Hudson, Rambler, Kaiser, and Willys. It was also initially supplied to Rolls-Royce before Rolls-Royce set up their own Hydramatic production line in the UK building Hydramatics under license from GM. Rolls-Royce also supplied Armstrong-Siddeley and [[w: British Motor Corporation|BMC]], which in turn supplied other British automakers like Jensen that used BMC’s biggest engines. The Detroit Transmission Division became the Hydramatic Division in October 1963. The Hydramatic Division merged with the GM Engine Division to form GM Powertrain in 1991-1992. Over the years, GM expanded the plant to almost 5 million sq. ft. In addition to automatic transmissions, GM also produced the M16A1 rifle and the M39A1 20mm autocannon for the US military during the Vietnam War at Willow Run Transmission. GM Powertrain also had an on-site engineering center. The plant closed in December 2010. A small portion of the plant was saved by the [[w:Yankee Air Museum|Yankee Air Museum]] to be turned into the National Museum of Aviation and Technology at Historic Willow Run but more than 95% of the plant was demolished from 2013-2014. The rest of the site has been redeveloped into the [[w:American Center for Mobility|American Center for Mobility]], an autonomous- and connected-driving testing center which opened in December 2017.  

|-

|Y (1964 [[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] and 1965-2010) &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; W &lt;br /&gt; (Pre-1965 [[w:Oldsmobile|Oldsmobile]] &amp; [[w:Pontiac (automobile)|Pontiac]])&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt; 5 (Pre-1965 [[w:Buick|Buick]]) || [[w:Wilmington Assembly|Wilmington Assembly]] || [[w:Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington, Delaware]]||United States||[[w:Pontiac Solstice|Pontiac Solstice]] (2006-2010)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saturn Sky|Saturn Sky]] (2007-2010) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel GT#GT (roadster) (2007–2010)|Opel GT]] (Europe: 2007-2010) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Daewoo G2X#Daewoo G2X|Daewoo G2X]] (S. Korea: 2007-2009) ||1947||2009||Located at 801 Boxwood Road. Was originally part of the [[w:Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division|Buick-Oldsmobile-Pontiac Assembly Division]]. Wilmington began making Chevrolet passenger cars for 1964. BOP Assembly Division became GM Assembly Division in 1965. Converted to make the Chevette small car for 1976. Switched back to making B-body full-size cars for 1985. Converted to make the fwd Chevy Corsica &amp; Beretta for 1987. Then built Corsica's replacement, Malibu, for 1997. Converted to build Saturn's 2nd model range, the Opel Vectra-based, plastic body paneled Saturn L-Series for 2000. Converted to build the rwd, Kappa platform small sports cars for 2006 beginning with the Pontiac Solstice. Final car produced was a Solstice roadster on July 28, 2009. The plant was sold to [[w:Fisker Automotive|Fisker Automotive]] in 2010, which had planned to build its [[w:Fisker Atlantic|2nd model line]] there. However, Fisker Automotive went bankrupt in Nov. 2013 before ever building any cars in Wilmington. Fisker Automotive's assets, including the Wilmington plant, were purchased out of bankruptcy by Wanxiang Group in February 2014. Wanxiang did not use the plant and sold it in 2017. Plant was demolished in 2019. A large part of the site is now an Amazon fulfillment center.&lt;br /&gt;Past models: [[w:Chevrolet Corsica|Chevrolet Corsica]] (1987-1996), [[w:Chevrolet Beretta|Chevrolet Beretta]] (1987-1996), [[w:Pontiac Tempest#Fourth generation (1987–1991)|Pontiac Tempest (Canada only)]] (1988-91), [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Fifth generation (1997)|Chevrolet Malibu]] (1997-1999), [[w:Saturn L-Series|Saturn L-Series]] (2000-2005), [[w:Chevrolet Chevette|Chevrolet Chevette]] (1976-1984), [[w:Pontiac 1000|Pontiac 1000]] (1981-1984), [[w:Pontiac Acadian|Pontiac Acadian]] (Canada only: 1976-1984), [[w:Buick Centurion|Buick Centurion]] (1971-1973), [[w:Buick Electra|Buick Electra]] (1959-1962, 1971-1974), [[w:Buick Estate#1971-1976|Buick Estate]] (1972-1973, 1975), [[w:Buick GS|Buick GS]] (1968-1969), [[w:Buick Invicta|Buick Invicta]] (1959-1962), [[w:Buick LeSabre|Buick LeSabre]] (1959-1975), [[w:Buick Limited#1958 Limited|Buick Limited]] (1958), [[w:Buick Roadmaster|Buick Roadmaster]] (1948-1950, 1955-1957), [[w:Buick Skylark#Third generation (1968–1972)|Buick Skylark]] (1968-1969), [[w:Buick Special|Buick Special]] (1950, 1953-1958), [[w:Buick Super|Buick Super]] (1954-1958), [[w:Buick Wildcat|Buick Wildcat]] (1963-1970), [[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]] (1964), [[w:Chevrolet Biscayne|Chevrolet Biscayne]] (1964-1968), [[w:Chevrolet Caprice|Chevrolet Caprice]] (1966-1975, 1985-1986), [[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]] (1964-1975, 1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 88|Oldsmobile 88]] (1949-1963, 1985), [[w:Oldsmobile 98|Oldsmobile 98]] (1948-1963), [[w:Oldsmobile Starfire#First generation (1961–1966)|Oldsmobile Starfire]] (1961-1963), [[w:Pontiac Bonneville|Pontiac Bonneville]] (1958-1963), [[w:Pontiac Catalina|Pontiac Catalina]] (1959-1960, 1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Chieftain|Pontiac Chieftain]] (1950-1951, 1954-1957), [[w:Pontiac Grand Prix#First generation (1962–1964)|Pontiac Grand Prix]] (1962-1963), [[w:Pontiac Star Chief|Pontiac Star Chief]] (1955-1958, 1960), [[w:Pontiac Ventura#1960–1970|Pontiac Ventura]] (1960-1961) 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Windsor Transmission|Windsor Transmission]]||[[w:Windsor, Ontario|Windsor, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||[[w:GM 4T40 transmission|4T40E/4T45E transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;Transmission components||1920||2010||Plant was originally in [[w:Walkerville, Ontario|Walkerville]] until Walkerville was annexed by Windsor in 1935. Was located at 1550 Kildare Road. Walker Road is at the back of the property. Previous: 1920 - 1928 axles and parts, 1928 - 1963 engines (including the [[w:Chevrolet Stovebolt engine|Chevrolet Stovebolt OHV inline-6 engine]] and Buick engines from 1935-1942). The Windsor plant was taken over by McKinnon Industries Ltd., a GM subsidiary based in St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada in 1963. As a result, engine production in Windsor was moved to St. Catharines and transmission production in St. Catharines was moved to Windsor. At this point, the Windsor plant was renamed the Windsor Transmission Plant. In 1969, McKinnon Industries Ltd. was integrated into GM Canada rather than being a separate subsidiary. Windsor Transmission was closed on July 28, 2010. The 4-spd. automatics made in Windsor were discontinued and replaced by 6-spd. automatics made in St. Catharines. Sold in 2014 and completely demolished by 2017. Site now occupied by MotiPark Ltd. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Windsor Trim||[[w:Windsor, Ontario|Windsor, Ontario]]||[[w:Canada|Canada]]||Seat assemblies and door trim panels||1965||1996|| Located at 1600 Lauzon Rd. Sold to Peregrine, Inc. in 1996 and then sold to [[w:Lear Corp.|Lear Corp.]] in 1999. Closed by Lear in 2005. Demolished in 2009. Part of the property is now the [[w:WFCU Centre|WFCU Centre]] and part will be residential homes. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Wixom Performance Build Center|Wixom Performance Build Center]]||[[w:Wixom, Michigan|Wixom, Michigan]]||United States||[[w:GM LS engine|6.2L LS3 V8]] [[w:Chevrolet Corvette (C6)#Grand Sport|(C6 Corvette Grand Sport coupe w/manual transmission only)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine|7.0L LS7 V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GM LS engine|6.2L supercharged LS9 V8]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Northstar engine series#LC3|4.4L supercharged LC3 Northstar V8]] ||2004||2013&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.torquenews.com/106/gm-closing-wixom-performance-engine-facility-build-your-own-engine-program-ends|title=GM Closing Wixom Performance Engine Facility, Build-Your-Own-Engine Program Ends|author=Patrick Rall|date=September 20, 2013|publisher=Torquenews.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;||Located at 30240 Oak Creek Dr.&lt;br&gt; Performance Build Center relocated to &lt;br&gt; Bowling Green Assembly in 2014. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Detroit Assembly#LaSalle Factory/DeSoto Factory|Wyoming Assembly (LaSalle Wyoming Ave. plant)]]||[[w:Detroit|Detroit]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:LaSalle (automobile)|LaSalle]] 1927-1933||1926||1934||Located at 6000 Wyoming Avenue. Originally built to produce Liberty aircraft engines in World War I, opening in 1917. In 1919, was taken over by Saxon Motor Co., owned by Hugh Chalmers of Chalmers Motor Co. GM bought the plant in 1926 and built the LaSalle there from 1927. GM sold Wyoming Assembly to Chrysler in 1934, which then used it to build its DeSoto brand. After the DeSoto brand was discontinued in late 1960, became Wyoming Export plant which was used to prepare vehicles for export. Plant closed in 1980. Plant was demolished in 1992.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GMC (marque)#History|Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company]]||[[w:Chicago|Chicago]], [[w:Illinois|Illinois]]||United States||Yellow Cab taxis&lt;br&gt;Yellow Coach buses&lt;br&gt;Yellocab trucks (T-1, T-2, and T-3)||1925||1928||Located on West Dickens Ave. In 1925, General Motors Truck Corp., the parent of the GMC brand, merged with Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company (including its Yellow Coach Mfg. Co. bus-making subsidiary) to form Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company, in which GM owned a majority stake of 57%. Yellocab trucks were discontinued during 1927 and were replaced with new light-duty GMC trucks (T-10 &amp; T-20). During 1928, bus and taxi production was consolidated at the GMC Pontiac Central plant in Pontiac, Michigan. The Chicago plant was closed and sold.
 
|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Yellow Sleeve-Valve Engine Works||[[w:East Moline|East Moline]], [[w:Illinois|Illinois]]||United States||Yellow-Knight engines||1925||1929||Production began in 1923. In 1925, General Motors Truck Corp., the parent of the GMC brand, merged with Yellow Cab Manufacturing Company (including its Yellow Coach Mfg. Co. bus-making subsidiary) to form Yellow Truck &amp; Coach Manufacturing Company, in which GM owned a majority stake of 57%. The Northway Motor Division of Detroit was transferred to General Motors Truck Corp. as part of that merger but was liquidated in 1926. During 1929 and 1930, Yellow Sleeve Valve Engine production equipment was transferred from East Moline, Illinois to Pontiac West Plant 1 in Pontiac, Michigan. The East Moline plant was closed at the end of 1929 and was sold.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Yulon GM|Yulon GM]]||[[w:Miaoli|Miaoli]]||[[w:Taiwan|Taiwan]]||[[w:Buick Excelle#Taiwan|Buick Excelle]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick LaCrosse#China|Buick LaCrosse]]  ||2006||2012||A joint venture owned 49% by GM &amp; 51% by [[w:Yulon|Yulon Motor Co]]. Yulon bought GM's stake in the venture in Dec. 2008. Production continued after the sale through licensing but cooperation between GM &amp; Yulon ended in 2012.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||General Motors Zaire||[[w:Kinshasa|Kinshasa]]||[[w:Zaire|Zaire]] (now [[w:Democratic Republic of the Congo|D.R. Congo]])||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] trucks&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Commodore|Opel Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Ascona|Opel Ascona]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford Trucks]]||1975||1987||GM sold the plant in 1987 to local businessmen. Plant was looted bare in 1991.  

|}

== Former partner factories == 

 
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;font-size:90%&quot; 

!VIN !! Name !! City/State !! Country !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Products !! Opened !! Idled !! class=&quot;unsortable&quot; | Comments 

|- 

|H||[[w:AM General#Hummer brand|AM General]] Commercial plant||[[w:Mishawaka, Indiana|Mishawaka, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Hummer H2|Hummer H2]] (2003-2009)||2002||2009||Located at 12900 McKinley Highway. Built under contract for GM by AM General. Plant later built the [[w:Mercedes-Benz R-Class|Mercedes-Benz R-Class]] under contract for Mercedes for export to China from 2015-2017 as well as the [[w:VPG MV-1|VPG MV-1]] under contract for VPG (later Mobility Ventures MV-1; Mobility Ventures being an AM General subsidiary that took over VPG's assets after VPG went bankrupt). MV-1 was made from 2011-2016.

|- 

|E||[[w:AM General#Hummer brand|AM General]] Military plant||[[w:Mishawaka, Indiana|Mishawaka, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Hummer H1|Hummer H1]] (2000-2006)||1992 (civilian production)||2006 (civilian production)||Located at 13200 McKinley Highway. This plant built the military [[w:Humvee|Humvee]] from fall 1984 and civilian Hummers from 1992. In Dec. 1999, GM bought the rights to the Hummer brand from AM General. AM General still handled manufacturing but GM handled marketing and distribution. At this point, the AM General Hummer was renamed Hummer H1. H1 built under contract for GM by AM General. Humvee production for military use continued after 2006.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Asoke Engineering (Asoke Motors)||Bangkok?||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Plai Noi]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]]||Mid-1970s||Early-1980s||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Plai Noi was assembled in Thailand in 1974.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Associated Industries Ltd.||[[w:Georgetown, Guyana|Georgetown]]||[[w:Guyana|Guyana]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Tapir]]||Mid-1970's||Late-1970's||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Tapir was assembled in Guyana. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Associated Motor Industries Ltd.||[[w:Jurong|Jurong]] (Jurong Industrial Estate)||[[w:Singapore|Singapore]]||[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)#HQ|Chevrolet 350]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] including: &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall VX4/90|VX4/90]]||1968||1975||Jointly owned by Wearne Brothers Limited &amp; Motor Investments Bhd. Associated Motor Industries Ltd. assembled vehicles under license from GM beginning in 1968 as well as brands from other automakers (Austin, Morris, &amp; Renault).  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Associated Motor Industries Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.||[[w:Batu Tiga|Batu Tiga]], [[w:Selangor|Selangor]]||[[w:Malaysia|Malaysia]]||[[w:Holden|Holden]]&lt;br /&gt;||1968||1971 (?)||Associated Motor Industries Malaysia assembled Holden vehicles under license from GM beginning in 1968 as well as brands from other automakers.  

|- 

|C||[[w:Automobilwerk Eisenach|Automobilwerk Eisenach]] (AWE)||[[w:Eisenach|Eisenach]]||[[w:Germany|Germany]]||[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra A (1988–1995)|Opel Vectra]] A&lt;br /&gt;||1990||1991||  The old [[w:Wartburg (marque)|Wartburg]] plant built vehicles for Opel for a short time before closing permanently.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Avtotor|Avtotor]]||[[w:Kaliningrad|Kaliningrad]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2010)|Chevrolet Orlando]], [[w:Chevrolet Rezzo|Chevrolet Rezzo]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Second generation (2000) |Chevrolet Tahoe (GMT800)]], [[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Third generation (2007)|Chevrolet Tahoe (GMT900)]], [[w:Chevrolet Trailblazer (SUV)#First generation (KC; 2001)|Chevrolet Trailblazer]], [[w:Cadillac BLS|Cadillac BLS]], [[w:Cadillac CTS|Cadillac CTS]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Second generation (2001)|Cadillac Escalade (GMT800)]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Third generation (2007)|Cadillac Escalade (GMT900)]], [[w:Cadillac SRX|Cadillac SRX]], [[w:Cadillac STS|Cadillac STS]], [[w:Hummer H2|Hummer H2]], [[w:Hummer H3|Hummer H3]], [[w:Opel Antara|Opel Antara]], [[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]], [[w:Opel Insignia|Opel Insignia]], [[w:Opel Mokka#First generation (J13; 2012)|Opel Mokka]], [[w:Opel Meriva|Opel Meriva]], [[w:Opel Zafira|Opel Zafira]]||2004||2015||Built under contract by [[w:Avtotor|Avtotor]] for GM. GM ended the contract in 2015.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Azia Avto||[[w:Ust-Kamenogorsk|Ust-Kamenogorsk]]||[[w:Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Captiva#First generation (C100, C140; 2006)|Chevrolet Captiva]], [[w:Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet Cruze]], [[w:Chevrolet Epica|Chevrolet Epica]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Malibu#Eighth generation (2013)|Chevrolet Malibu]], [[w:Chevrolet Orlando#First generation (J309; 2010)|Chevrolet Orlando]], [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker]]||2007||2018||Built under contract by Azia Avto for GM.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Bangchan General Assembly|Bangchan General Assembly]] Co., Ltd.||[[w:Khan Na Yao district|Khan Na Yao district]], [[w:Bangkok|Bangkok]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Opel Kadett|Opel Kadett]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord|Opel Rekord]] &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Kingswood|Holden Monaro LS]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Chevrolet De Ville]]||1970||1987 (?)||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] invested in Bangchan in 1979 but then sold its stake to [[w:Honda|Honda]] in 1987. Phra Nakorn Automobile Group became sole owner of Bangchan in 2005.  

|- 

|B||[[w:Gruppo Bertone|Gruppo Bertone]]||[[w:Grugliasco|Grugliasco]]||[[w:Italy|Italy]]||[[w:Opel Kadett#Kadett E (1984–1995)|Opel Kadett E convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Astra#Second generation (1984–1993)|Vauxhall Astra Mark 2 convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#F|Opel/Vauxhall Astra F convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel/Vauxhall Astra G coupe &amp; convertible]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Fourth generation (TS; 1998)|Holden Astra convertible (TS)]] ||1987||2006||Built under contract by [[w:Gruppo Bertone|Gruppo Bertone]] for Opel/Vauxhall.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Central African Transport Company (CATCO)||?||[[w:Malawi|Malawi]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Zonse]]||Mid-1970's||?||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Zonse was assembled in Malawi. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Centroamericana de Ensamblaje y Fabricación||(?)||[[w:Honduras|Honduras]]||[[w:El Compadre (car)|Compadre]]||1970s||(?)||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Compadre was assembled in Honduras.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Champion Motors||[[w:Shah Alam|Shah Alam]], [[w:Selangor|Selangor]]||[[w:Malaysia|Malaysia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Impala|Chevrolet Impala]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]] including [[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]||1968||1982 (?)||Champion Motors assembled vehicles under license from GM beginning in 1968. Champion Motors was renamed Assembly Services Sdn. Bhd. (ASSB) in 1975. The last products still being built for GM were Bedford trucks. A joint venture of Toyota &amp; [[w:UMW Holdings|UMW Holdings Bhd.]] called Sejati Motor took over ASSB in 1982. Sejati Motor was renamed UMW Toyota Motor in 1987. ASSB is a subsidiary of UMW Toyota Motor.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Chinese Automobile Co., Ltd.||[[w:Xinzhuang District|Xinzhuang District]], [[w:New Taipei City|New Taipei City]]||[[w:Taiwan|Taiwan]]||[[w:Opel Astra|Opel Astra]] F &amp; G&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Vectra#Vectra B (1995–2002)|Opel Vectra]] B ||1993||2000||GM ended the assembly contract in 2001.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Fabrica Superior de Centro America S.A.||?||[[w:El Salvador|El Salvador]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Cherito]]||1973||1975||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Cherito was assembled in El Salvador. It was distributed by Auto Palace.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Fernandes Autohandel||?||[[w:Suriname|Suriname]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Moetete]]||1973||1975||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Moetete was assembled in Suriname. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:GAZ|GAZ]]||[[w:Nizhny Novgorod|Nizhny Novgorod]]||[[w:Russia|Russia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo#Second generation (T300; 2012)|Chevrolet Aveo]]||2013||2015||Built under contract by [[w:GAZ|GAZ]] for GM. GM ended the contract in 2015.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Genoto (General Otomotiv Sanayi ve Ticaret AS)||[[w:Kozyatağı|Kozyatağı]], [[w:Istanbul|Istanbul]]||[[w:Turkey|Turkey]]||[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]] including [[w:Bedford TK|Bedford TK]] (KG EJR &amp; KBC 10 &amp; 570)||1965||1986||Built Bedford trucks under license from GM, sometimes rebadged as Genoto. 

|- 

|E||[[w:Heuliez|Heuliez]]||[[w:Cerizay|Cerizay]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Opel Tigra#Tigra TwinTop B (2004–2009)|Opel/Vauxhall Tigra TwinTop B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Tigra#Tigra TwinTop B (2004–2009)|Holden Tigra (XC)]]||2004||2009||Built under contract by [[w:Heuliez|Heuliez]] for Opel/Vauxhall.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]]||[[w:Uttarpara|Uttarpara]], [[w:West Bengal|West Bengal]]||[[w:India|India]]||[[w:Vauxhall Motors|Vauxhall]] models under Hindustan name including [[w:Hindustan Contessa|Hindustan Contessa]] (based on [[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]])&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford]] models including [[w:Bedford TJ|Bedford TJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Allison Transmission|Allison Transmission]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Terex|Terex]]||1957 (?)||2004||Built under license by [[w:Hindustan Motors|Hindustan Motors]].  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||INDEVESA, S.A. (Industrias Nicaraguenses De Vehiculos SA)||(?)||[[w:Nicaragua|Nicaragua]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Pinolero]]||1974||(?)||The Nicaraguan state-owned company produced a version of GM's BTV called the Pinolero.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Industrias Superior||[[w:Guatemala City|Guatemala City]]||[[w:Guatemala|Guatemala]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|Chato]]||1977||1970's||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Chato was assembled in Guatemala. It was distributed by CIDEA.

|-

|3||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] Kawasaki plant||[[w:Kawasaki, Kanagawa|Kawasaki, Kanagawa]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet W-Series|Chevrolet W-Series]] (1984-1998)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC W-Series|GMC W-Series]] (1984-1998)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu N-Series|Isuzu N-Series]] (1987-1994)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu F-Series|Isuzu F-Series]] (1995-98 FRR, 1989-96 FSR, 1992-96 FTR/FVR)||1938||2005||[[w:Isuzu|Isuzu]] plant. Closed 2005.

|- 

|H&lt;br /&gt;(WMI: MPA)||[[w:Isuzu Motors (Thailand)|Isuzu Motors Co., (Thailand) Ltd.]] (IMCT)||Samrong Tai, [[w:Phra Pradaeng district|Phra Pradaeng district]], [[w:Samut Prakan province|Samut Prakan province]]||[[w:Thailand|Thailand]]||[[w:Holden Rodeo|Holden Rodeo (RA)]]||2003||2008||Rebadged Isuzu D-Max produced by Isuzu Thailand for GM Holden in Australia and New Zealand. Replaced by the updated and renamed Holden Colorado, which was made by GM Thailand rather than Isuzu Thailand. The model name was changed because after GM sold the last of its shares in Isuzu in 2006, GM Holden lost the right to use the Rodeo name, which was owned by Isuzu, during 2008.

|-

|9||[[w:KUKA|KUKA]]||[[w:Livonia, Michigan|Livonia]], [[w:Michigan|Michigan]]||United States||[[w:BrightDrop Zevo 600|BrightDrop Zevo 600]] (2022)||2021||2022||Produced under contract for GM in a limited run of less than 500 units. A temporary measure until GM's CAMI plant is ready to start building BrightDrop electric vans. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Lilpop, Rau i Loewenstein|Lilpop, Rau and Loewenstein (LRL)]]||[[w:Warsaw|Warsaw]]||[[w:Poland|Poland]]||[[w:Chevrolet|Chevrolet]] cars, trucks, and buses&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Buick|Buick]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel|Opel]]||1937||1939||Was located at Bema Street. Lilpop, Rau and Loewenstein was a GM distributor who also assembled vehicles from CKD kits under license from GM until the German invasion that began World War II interrupted production. The Germans took over the factory during the war and the company was nationalized by the Communist Polish govt. after the war.

|-

|N (Opel Speedster &amp;&lt;br /&gt;Vauxhall VX220)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;H (Lotus models)||[[w:Lotus Cars|Lotus Cars]]||[[w:RAF Hethel|RAF Hethel]], [[w: Hethel|Hethel]], [[w:Norfolk|Norfolk]], [[w:England|England]]||[[w:United Kingdom|United Kingdom]]||

[[w:Opel Speedster|Opel Speedster]]/[[w:Vauxhall VX220|Vauxhall VX220]] (2001-2006) 7,207 units 
 

[[w:Lotus Elise|Lotus Elise]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Lotus Exige|Lotus Exige]]

||2000||2005||GM owned Lotus from 1986-1993. GM sold Lotus in 1993 to A.C.B.N. Holdings S.A. of Luxembourg, a company controlled by Italian businessman Romano Artioli, who also owned Bugatti Automobili SpA. Artioli sold Lotus to Malaysian automaker [[w:Proton Holdings|Proton]] in 1996. The Opel Speedster &amp; Vauxhall VX220 were built under contract for GM by Lotus after GM had sold Lotus. The Opel Speedster &amp; Vauxhall VX220 were based on the Lotus Elise.

|- 

|6||[[w:Magna Steyr|Magna Steyr]]||[[w:Graz|Graz]]||[[w:Austria|Austria]]||[[w:Saab 9-3#Second generation (2003–2014)|Saab 9-3 Convertible]] (2004-2010)||2003||2009||Built under contract by [[w:Magna Steyr|Magna Steyr]] for GM-owned Saab Automobile AB. 9-3 Convertible production was moved to Saab's own plant in Trollhattan, Sweden in January 2010.  

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:de:McCairns Motors|McCairns Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Dublin Docklands|Dublin Docklands]], [[w:Dublin|Dublin]] and [[w:Santry|Santry]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Republic of Ireland]]||[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Bel Air|Chevrolet Bel Air]]||1935||1975||McCairns Motors was the local assembler and distributor for Vauxhall and Bedford in Ireland. Assembly began at Dublin Port on Alexandra Road in November 1935. In 1951, car assembly moved to a larger plant in Santry. McCairns also assembled and sold other brands like Simca, Alfa Romeo, and Mitsubishi Fuso. Production ended due to Ireland joining the European Economic Community in 1973 and the end of tariffs on imports of completely built-up vehicles. This removed the need for local assembly in Ireland. McCairns Motors used the site in Santry until 1987. The Omni Park shopping center now stands where the assembly plant in Santry used to be.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Mercury Marine|Mercury Marine]]||[[w:Stillwater, Oklahoma|Stillwater, Oklahoma]]||United States||[[w:Chevrolet small-block engine (first and second generation)#LT5|5.7L LT5 DOHC V8 engine]] (For 1990-1995 C4 Chevrolet Corvette ZR-1)||1989||1993||Engine was built for GM by Mercury Marine at their existing MerCruiser marine engine plant in Stillwater. 21,000 square feet of the 650,000 square foot plant was partitioned from the rest of the plant for assembly of this engine. LT5 engine production actually ended in 1993. Extra engines were built to be sufficient for Corvette ZR-1 production through 1995. The extra engines were sealed and crated for long-term storage and were shipped to the Corvette plant in Bowling Green, Kentucky and stored there until they were needed for installation in a '94 or '95 Corvette ZR-1. &lt;br&gt; Plant was located at 3003 N Perkins Rd. Closed in December 2011. Sold in 2012 to Belgium-based aerospace supplier Asco Industries.  

|- 

|H||[[w:Navistar|Navistar]] - Springfield Assembly Plant (Main Line)||[[w:Springfield, Ohio|Springfield, Ohio]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Chevrolet Silverado#Medium duty version (4500HD, 5500HD, 6500HD, and International CV)|Chevrolet Silverado Medium Duty (2019-2026)&lt;br /&gt;International CV]] (2019-2026)||2019||2026||Located at 6125 Urbana Road. Jointly developed by GM &amp; Navistar. Built under contract by [[w:Navistar|Navistar/International Motors]] for GM. Contract with GM ended Sept. 30, 2026. Both the Silverado Medium Duty &amp; the International CV are discontinued. Plant sold to [[w:Roshel|Roshel]]. 

|- 

|N||[[w:Navistar|Navistar]] - Springfield Assembly Plant (Secondary Line)||[[w:Springfield, Ohio|Springfield, Ohio]]||[[w:United States|United States]]||[[w:Chevrolet Express|Chevrolet Express]] cutaway (2017-2026),&lt;br /&gt; [[w:GMC Savana|GMC Savana]] cutaway (2017-2026) ||2017||2026||Located at 6125 Urbana Road. Built under contract by [[w:Navistar|Navistar/International Motors]] for GM. Contract with GM ended Sept. 30, 2026. For 2027, all Express and Savana production is at GM's own Wentzville Assembly Plant. Express/Savana 3500 series cutaway w/177-inch wheelbase and all Express/Savana 4500 series cutaways (159 &amp; 177 inch wheelbases) are discontinued. Plant sold to [[w:Roshel|Roshel]]. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Neal and Massy Industries Ltd.||[[w:Morvant|Morvant]]&lt;br /&gt; later moved to &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Arima|Arima]]||[[w:Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidad and Tobago]]||[[w:Holden Commodore#First generation (1978–1988)|Holden Commodore]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Kingswood|Holden Kingswood]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Chevrolet Caprice (rebadged Statesman DeVille)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Rekord Series C|Opel Rekord]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Cresta|Vauxhall Cresta]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks]]||1966||1994 (Production for GM may have ended earlier)||Built under license by Neal and Massy for GM. Neal and Massy also assembled vehicles for Datsun (Nissan) and Mazda. Assembly operation closed in 1994. Neal and Massy (now called Massy Motors) still operates as an importer/distributor for several non-GM automotive brands.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Nexus Automotive|Nexus Automotive (Pvt.) Ltd.]]||[[w:Port Qasim|Port Qasim]], [[w:Karachi|Karachi]], [[w:Sindh|Sindh province]]||[[w:Pakistan|Pakistan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Spark#Asia|Chevrolet Joy]]||2005||2006||Nexus Automotive was a GM licensed assembler and distributor. Built under contract for [[w:Nexus Automotive|Nexus Automotive]] by [[w:Ghandhara Nissan|Ghandhara Nissan]] at a plant with spare capacity.  

|- 

|K||[[w:Nissan USA#Manufacturing|Nissan Mexicana]]||[[w:Cuernavaca|Cuernavaca]]||[[w:Mexico|Mexico]]||[[w:Chevrolet City Express|Chevrolet City Express]] (2015-2018)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan NV200|Nissan NV200]] (2013-2021)||2014||2018||Nissan plant. 

Chevrolet City Express is a rebadged Nissan NV200 made for GM by Nissan. Chevrolet &lt;br&gt; City Express discontinued after 2018. NV200 discontinued in North America after 2021.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Nissan Motor Australia|Nissan Motor Australia]] Clayton plant||[[w:Clayton South, Victoria|Clayton South]], [[w:Victoria (state)|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Astra#First generation (LB, LC; 1984–1987)|Holden Astra (LB/LC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan Pulsar#N12 (1982)|Nissan Pulsar (N12)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Astra#Second generation (LD; 1987–1989)|Holden Astra (LD)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan Pulsar#N13 (1986)|Nissan Pulsar (N13)]]||1984 (GM prod.)||1989 (GM prod.)|| Production for GM Holden at Nissan's Australian plant was done as part of the Australian government's [[w:Button car plan|Button car plan]] for rationalization of local automotive production. The relationship ended in 1989 and GM Holden established a joint venture with Toyota called [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries|United Australian Automobile Industries]] to replace the Nissan relationship. The Nissan Pulsar-based Holden Astra was replaced by the Toyota Corolla-based Holden Nova. Nissan closed its Australian vehicle assembly plant in 1992. The Clayton plant was later taken over by HSV and the Walkinshaw Group. 

|- 

|Y||[[w:Nissan Motor Ibérica|Nissan Motor Ibérica]]||[[w:Barcelona|Barcelona]]||[[w:Spain|Spain]]||[[w:Opel Vivaro A|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro A]] (high roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Renault Trafic]] (high roof versions only)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Second generation (X83; 2001)|Nissan Primastar]] (high roof versions only)||2001||2015||This is a Nissan plant that built high roof versions of Renault-designed midsize vans for Opel/Vauxhall as part of a supply deal between GM Europe &amp; Renault as well as for Renault and Nissan. The low roof versions were made by Vauxhall at the IBC Vehicles/GMM Luton plant however that UK plant could not fit the high roof versions so they were built by Nissan in Spain. Van production in Barcelona ended in 2015 and high roof Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro production was moved to Renault's plant in Sandouville, France, which also handled all Renault Trafic and Nissan NV300 (Primastar replacement) production. Nissan closed this plant in Dec. 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:de:O’Shea’s Limited (Opel)|O’Shea’s Limited]]||[[w:Cork (city)|Cork]], [[w:Munster|Munster]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Republic of Ireland]]||[[w:Opel|Opel]] cars including [[w:Opel Rekord|Rekord]]||1937||1965|| Before 1962, O’Shea’s was the sole Opel assembler and distributor in Ireland. From 1962-1965, assembly and distribution of Opels in Ireland was split between Reg Armstrong Motors and O’Shea’s Limited. After 1965, Reg Armstrong Motors was the sole Opel assembler and distributor in Ireland. 

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||PT. Pantja Motor||[[w:Sunter, Jakarta|Sunter]], [[w:North Jakarta|North Jakarta]], [[w:Jakarta|Jakarta]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||[[w:Chevrolet Tavera|Chevrolet Tavera]]||2001||2005||Isuzu's Indonesian assembler, now known as [[w:Isuzu Astra Motor Indonesia|Isuzu Astra Motor Indonesia]]. Built the Isuzu Panther-based Tavera for GM Indonesia.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]]||[[w:Grugliasco|Grugliasco]]||[[w:Italy|Italy]]||[[w:Cadillac Eldorado#1959–60 Eldorado Brougham|Cadillac Eldorado Brougham (Series 6900)]] (1959-1960) painted bodies||1959||1960||Bodies were built by [[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]] and mated with chassis shipped to Italy by Cadillac and then shipped back to the US. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]]||[[w:San Giorgio Canavese|San Giorgio Canavese]]||[[w:Italy|Italy]]||[[w:Cadillac Allanté|Cadillac Allanté]] (1987-1993) painted bodies||1986||1993||Bodies were designed and manufactured under contract by [[w:Pininfarina|Pininfarina]] for Cadillac. Plant was built specially for the Allanté. Bodies were then flown from Turin, Italy to Detroit on specially equipped Boeing 747s and then trucked to GM's Detroit/Hamtramck Assembly Plant for final assembly. The assembly process was known as the &quot;Allanté Air Bridge&quot;. It was also referred to as &quot;the world's longest assembly line.&quot;

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Pragoti|Pragoti Industries Ltd.]]||[[w:Sitakunda|Sitakunda]], [[w:Chittagong Division|Chittagong Division]]||[[w:Bangladesh|Bangladesh]]||[[w:Vauxhall Viva|Vauxhall Viva]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford Vehicles|Bedford trucks and buses]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]]||1966||1970's||Began as part of [[w:Ghandhara Industries|Ghandhara Industries]] Ltd. in 1966 when Bangladesh was still [[w:East Pakistan|East Pakistan]] and assembled GM vehicles like the Ghandhara plant in Karachi did. After Bangladesh became independent in 1971, the operation was nationalized by the new government and became Pragoti Industries Ltd.  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:de:Reg. Armstrong Motors|Reg Armstrong Motors Ltd.]]||[[w:Ringsend|Ringsend]], [[w:Dublin|Dublin]]||[[w:Republic of Ireland|Republic of Ireland]]||[[w:Opel|Opel]] cars including [[w:Opel Kadett|Kadett]], [[w:Opel Rekord|Rekord]], and [[w:Opel Commodore|Commodore]]||1962||1974||From 1962-1965, assembly and distribution of Opels in Ireland was split between Reg Armstrong Motors and O’Shea’s Limited. After 1965, Reg Armstrong Motors was the sole Opel assembler and distributor in Ireland. Reg Armstrong Motors also assembled the [[w:NSU Prinz|NSU Prinz]], [[w:Honda motorcycles|Honda motorcycles]], and from 1976-1978, the original [[w:Mini|Mini]] at the Ringsend plant. Production ended due to Ireland joining the European Economic Community in 1973 and the end of tariffs on imports of completely built-up vehicles. This removed the need for local assembly in Ireland. 

|-

|B (GM)||[[w:Société de Véhicules Automobiles de Batilly|Renault Batilly]]||[[w:Batilly, Meurthe-et-Moselle|Batilly]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Renault Trafic#First generation (1980)|Opel/Vauxhall Arena]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#First generation (1980)|Renault Trafic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master#Second generation (1997)|Opel/Vauxhall Movano A]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master#Third generation (2010)|Opel/Vauxhall Movano B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master|Renault Master]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Master#Renault Mascott|Renault Trucks Mascott]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan Interstar|Nissan Interstar]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan NV400|Nissan NV400]]||1997||2017||Renault-[[w:Société de Véhicules Automobiles de Batilly|SOVAB]] plant. Opel/Vauxhall was sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. As part of PSA Group, Opel/Vauxhall became part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] in 2021. Movano switched to being PSA/Fiat-based instead of Renault-based in 2021.

|- 

|S (GM)||[[w:Sandouville Renault Factory|Renault Sandouville]]||[[w:Sandouville|Sandouville]]||[[w:France|France]]||[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Opel/Vauxhall Vivaro]] B (high roof versions only) &lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Renault Trafic]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Nissan NV300|Nissan NV300]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Nissan Primastar]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#Third generation (X82; 2014)|Fiat Talento]]||2014||2017||Renault plant. Opel/Vauxhall was sold to [[w:PSA Group|PSA Group]] in 2017. Vivaro switched to being PSA-based instead of Renault-based in 2018. As part of PSA Group, Opel/Vauxhall became part of [[w:Stellantis|Stellantis]] in 2021.

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Renault Argentina|Renault Santa Isabel]]||[[w:Santa Isabel, Córdoba|Santa Isabel]], [[w:Córdoba Province, Argentina|Cordoba]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||[[w:Chevrolet D-20|Chevrolet C-20 &amp; D-20]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#First generation (1992)|Chevrolet Grand Blazer]] (GMT400)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Chevrolet C/K#1997–2001|Chevrolet Silverado]] (GMT400)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Renault Trafic#South America|Chevrolet Trafic/SpaceVan]] ||1991||2002||[[w:Renault Argentina|Renault Argentina]]-CIADEA plant. Built Chevrolets under license for GM. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Sevel Argentina|Sevel Argentina]]||[[w:Córdoba, Argentina|Estación Ferreyra, Córdoba]], [[w:Córdoba Province, Argentina|Cordoba]]||[[w:Argentina|Argentina]]||[[w:Chevrolet D-20|Chevrolet C-20/D-20]]||1985||1991||Fiat - PSA jointly owned plant. Built Chevrolets under license for GM. 

|- 

|For Saab&lt;br&gt; 9-2X:&lt;br&gt; G (w/man. trans.),&lt;br&gt; H (w/auto. trans.)||[[w:Subaru#Manufacturing facilities|Subaru Main Plant]]||[[w:Ōta, Gunma|Ōta, Gunma]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Saab 9-2X|Saab 9-2X]] (2005-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Subaru Forester#Second generation (SG; 2002)|Chevrolet Forester (India)]] (2003-2007)||2003 (GM prod.)||2007 (GM prod.)||[[w:Subaru|Subaru]] plant 

|- 

|4||[[w:Subaru-Isuzu Automotive|Subaru-Isuzu Automotive]] (S.I.A.)||[[w:Lafayette, Indiana|Lafayette, Indiana]]||United States||[[w:Holden Frontera#Second generation (1998)|Holden Frontera]] (UE/MX)||1999 (GM prod.)||2003 (GM prod.)||Subaru &amp; Isuzu joint venture plant. Isuzu built a rebadged, rhd version of the 2nd generation US market Isuzu Rodeo &amp; Amigo SUVs for export to GM Holden in Australia and New Zealand.

|-

|W (GM),&lt;br /&gt;4 (Suzuki)||Suzuki Iwata Assembly||[[w:Iwata, Shizuoka|Iwata, Shizuoka]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Tracker (Americas)#First generation|Geo Tracker]] (US: 1989-1990)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Sidekick|Suzuki Sidekick]] (US: 1989-1995, 1997-98)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Sidekick|Suzuki Sidekick Sport]] (US: 1996-1998)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Grand Vitara|Suzuki Grand Vitara]] (1999-2013)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki XL-7#First generation (XL-7; 1998)|Suzuki XL-7]] (2001-2006)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Drover#Second generation (1981)|Holden Drover (QB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Scurry#Eighth generation (DA71/DB71/DA81/DA41/DB41/DA51/DB51; 1985)|Holden Scurry (NB)]]||1985 (GM prod.)||1990 (GM prod.)||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant 

|- 

|K (GM),&lt;br /&gt;5 (Suzuki)||Suzuki Kosai Assembly||[[w:Kosai, Shizuoka|Kosai, Shizuoka]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet Sprint|Chevrolet Sprint]] (US: 1985-1988)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Geo Metro|Geo Metro]] (US: 1989-1993)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Pontiac Firefly|Pontiac Firefly]] (Canada)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#First generation (MB, ML; 1985–1988)|Holden Barina (MB/ML)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Barina#Second generation (MF, MH; 1989–1994|Holden Barina (MF/MH)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus|Suzuki Swift]] (US: 1989-1994)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Ignis#Chevrolet Cruze|Chevrolet/Holden Cruze (YGM1)]] (YG) ||1984 (GM prod.)||2008 (GM prod.)||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant 

|- 

|M (GM),&lt;br /&gt;0 (Suzuki/Fiat/Subaru)||[[w:Magyar Suzuki Corporation|Magyar Suzuki Corporation]]||[[w:Esztergom|Esztergom]]||[[w:Hungary|Hungary]]||[[w:Opel Agila#Second generation (H08; 2007)|Opel/Vauxhall Agila B]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Splash|Suzuki Splash]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Swift|Suzuki Swift]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Cultus#Second generation (1988)|Subaru Justy]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki SX4|Suzuki SX4]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Fiat Sedici|Fiat Sedici]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Ignis#Suzuki Ignis (2003 facelift)|Suzuki Ignis]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Suzuki Ignis#Suzuki Ignis (2003 facelift)|Subaru G3X Justy]]||1992&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;2007 (GM prod.)||2014 (GM prod.)||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Suzuki Sagara Assembly &amp; Engine||[[w:Makinohara|Makinohara]], [[w:Shizuoka Prefecture|Shizuoka Prefecture]]||[[w:Japan|Japan]]||[[w:Chevrolet MW|Chevrolet MW]] (sold in Japan)&lt;br /&gt;||2000||2010||[[w:Suzuki|Suzuki]] plant.&lt;br /&gt; Also built the 3.6-liter GM High Feature V6 engine ([[w:GM High Feature engine#LY7|Suzuki N36A]]) to power the [[w:Suzuki XL-7#Second generation (XL7; 2006)|2nd generation Suzuki XL7]] under license from GM. (Note: Dates reflect beginning &amp; end dates of production for GM.)  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tecna SA||[[w:Arica, Chile|Arica]]||[[w:Chile|Chile]]||[[w:Acadian (automobile)|Acadian]] (1962-71 from CKD kits supplied by GM Oshawa and Willow Run)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Beaumont (automobile)|Acadian Beaumont]] (1964-71 from CKD kits supplied by GM Oshawa)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Vauxhall Victor|Vauxhall Victor]]||1962||1971||  

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Tecno S.A.||[[w:Uruca|La Uruca]], [[w:San José, Costa Rica|San José]]||[[w:Costa Rica|Costa Rica]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|GM Amigo]]||1970s||(?)||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Amigo was assembled in Costa Rica.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||Tecnomotor S.A.||(?)||[[w:Paraguay|Paraguay]]||[[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|GM Mitai]]||1970s||(?)||A version of GM's [[w:Bedford HA#The BTV|BTV]] called the Mitai was assembled in Paraguay.

|-

|9 (GM),&lt;br /&gt;6 (Fiat &amp; Ram)||[[w:Tofaş|Tofaş]]||[[w:Bursa|Bursa]]||[[w:Turkey|Turkey]]||[[w:Opel Combo#Combo D (2012-2018)|Opel/Vauxhall Combo D]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Fiat Doblo|Fiat Doblo]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Ram ProMaster City|Ram ProMaster City]]||2011||2017||[[w:Fiat|Fiat]] plant (joint venture with Koç Holding of Turkey). Opel/Vauxhall was sold to PSA Group in 2017. Combo switched to being PSA-based instead of Fiat-based in 2019. As part of PSA Group, Opel/Vauxhall became part of Stellantis in 2021. Fiat and Tofaş also became part of Stellantis in 2021. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toyota Australia|Toyota Australia]] [[w:Toyota Australia Altona Plant|Altona plant]]||[[w:Altona North|Altona North]], [[w:Victoria (state)|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Nova#Second generation (LG; 1994–1996)|Holden Nova (LG)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Corolla (E100)|Toyota Corolla (E100)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Apollo|Holden Apollo (JM/JP)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Camry (XV10)|Toyota Camry (XV10)]]||1994||1996 (GM prod.)|| Production for GM Holden at Toyota's Australian plant was done as part of [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries|United Australian Automobile Industries]], a model sharing joint venture in Australia between Holden and Toyota from 1987-1996. This was created as part of the Australian government's [[w:Button car plan|Button car plan]] for rationalization of local automotive production. Toyota consolidated its Australian production at the new Altona plant in 1994-1995. The joint venture dissolved in 1996 and Holden's rebadged Toyotas were replaced with rebadged Opel models (Astra and Vectra) from GM Europe. Corolla production in Australia ended in 1999. Toyota closed the Altona plant in 2017.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||[[w:Toyota Australia|Toyota Australia]] Port Melbourne plant||[[w:Port Melbourne|Port Melbourne]], [[w:Victoria (state)|Victoria]]||[[w:Australia|Australia]]||[[w:Holden Apollo|Holden Apollo (JK/JL)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Camry#V20 (1986–1992)|Toyota Camry (V20)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Apollo|Holden Apollo (JM)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Toyota Camry (XV10)|Toyota Camry (XV10)]]||1989 (GM prod.)||1994 (GM prod.)|| Production for GM Holden at Toyota's Australian plant was done as part of [[w:United Australian Automobile Industries|United Australian Automobile Industries]], a model sharing joint venture in Australia between Holden and Toyota from 1987-1996. This was created as part of the Australian government's [[w:Button car plan|Button car plan]] for rationalization of local automotive production. Toyota consolidated its Australian production at the new Altona plant in 1994-1995 and production ended at the older Port Melbourne plant in late 1994. The joint venture would later dissolve in 1996 and Holden's rebadged Toyota Camry was replaced with a rebadged Opel Vectra from GM Europe.

|-

|&amp;nbsp;||PT. Udatin (Usaha Dagang Teknik Indonesia)||[[w:Surabaya|Surabaya]], [[w:East Java|East Java]]||[[w:Indonesia|Indonesia]]||[[w:Holden FC|Holden FC]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden FB|Holden FB]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EK|Holden EK]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EJ|Holden EJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden EH|Holden EH]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HQ|Holden HQ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HJ|Holden HJ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HX|Holden HX]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden HZ|Holden HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Statesman (automobile)|Statesman brand HQ-HZ]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Monaro|Holden Monaro]] HQ&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Torana|Holden Torana]] LJ, LH, LX&lt;br /&gt; [[w:Holden Gemini#First generation|Holden Gemini TX, TC, TD, TE, TF, TG]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Camira|Holden Camira]] JB&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Aska#South-East Asia and New Zealand|Holden Aska]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Gemini#Second generation|Holden Gemini (RB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VB)|Holden Commodore (VB)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VC)|Holden Commodore (VC)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VH)|Holden Commodore (VH)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VK)|Holden Commodore (VK)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Holden Commodore (VL)|Holden Calais (VL)]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Isuzu Faster#Second generation (1980–1988)|Holden Lincah/Raider]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:GMC (automobile)|GMC trucks]]||1959||1988||Built vehicles under contract for GM. During the 1960's, production was off and on due to Indonesian government policies and the economic situation. Production ended in 1988. 

|- 

|&amp;nbsp;||Unison||[[w:Minsk|Minsk]]||[[w:Belarus|Belarus]]||[[w:Chevrolet Tahoe#Fourth generation (2015)|Chevrolet Tahoe]] K2XX, [[w:Chevrolet Trax|Chevrolet Tracker]], [[w:Cadillac Escalade#Fourth generation (2015)|Cadillac Escalade]] K2XX, [[w:Opel Mokka#First generation (J13; 2012)|Opel Mokka]]||2015||2018||Built under contract by Unison for GM. Production ended in 2018.  

|- 

|6,7 (Saab)&lt;br /&gt;9 (Opel/Vauxhall)||[[w:Valmet Automotive|Valmet Automotive]]||[[w:Uusikaupunki|Uusikaupunki]]||[[w:Finland|Finland]]||[[w:Saab 9-3#First generation (1998–2003)|Saab 9-3 Convertible &amp; 9-3 Viggen]]&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Saab 900|Saab 900]] (including 900 Convertible)&lt;br /&gt;[[w:Opel Calibra|Opel/Vauxhall Calibra]]||1969||2003||Built under contract by [[w:Valmet Automotive|Valmet Automotive]] for Saab &amp; for Opel/Vauxhall. Saab-Valmet was established in 1968 as a joint venture between Valmet and Saab-Scania. In 1992, Valmet became the sole owner, and the company was renamed Valmet Automotive in 1995.  

|- 

|X||[[w:ZAZ|ZAZ]]||[[w:Zaporizhia|Zaporizhia]] &amp; [[w:Illichivsk|Illichivsk]]||[[w:Ukraine|Ukraine]]||[[w:Chevrolet Aveo (T200)|Chevrolet Aveo]], [[w:Chevrolet Lacetti|Chevrolet Lacetti]], [[w:Chevrolet Lanos|Chevrolet Lanos]], [[w:Opel Astra#G|Opel Astra Classic]], [[w:Opel Astra#H|Opel Astra]], [[w:Opel Corsa|Opel Corsa]], [[w:Opel Combo|Opel Combo]], [[w:Opel Meriva|Opel Meriva]], [[w:Opel Vectra|Opel Vectra]], [[w:Opel Zafira|Opel Zafira]]||2003||2012||Built under contract by [[w:ZAZ|ZAZ]] for GM.  

|- 

|}</text>
      <sha1>81788neaky7ph9ohofzl4l1uv22gjp6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>OpenSCAD User Manual/Characters Strings</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>476379</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679098</id>
      <parentid>4522866</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T23:48:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ótzï fón Glühgor</username>
        <id>3629863</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>New drawing rules added https://github.com/openscad/openscad/blob/master/releases/next.md https://github.com/openscad/openscad/pull/6968 https://github.com/openscad/openscad/pull/7000 https://github.com/openscad/openscad/pull/7101</comment>
      <origin>4679098</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3608" sha1="gwvj31a6iiy3m2zozive5m8k94iavwm" xml:space="preserve">part of the section on [[OpenSCAD_User_Manual/Data_Types_Values_Constants|Values, Data Types, and Constants]]
=== Characters ===
Characters are not an explicit type in this language, but there are some noteworthy points of implementation.

The Unicode character set is the basis for text in OpenSCAD strings.
OpenSCAD also supports Unicode identifiers. Variable, module, and parameter names may contain characters permitted by Unicode Standard Annex #31, in addition to ASCII letters, digits, and underscores. Identifiers are automatically normalized to NFC, so canonically equivalent spellings are treated consistently. For example, names such as &lt;code&gt;länge&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;höhe&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;größe&lt;/code&gt; are valid identifiers. The special character &lt;code&gt;$&lt;/code&gt;, used for special variables, remains supported as well.

Character literals are normally written as single element strings, like &quot;a&quot;, but may also be converted from their ASCII code values, as &lt;code&gt;&quot;a&quot; == chr(97)&lt;/code&gt;. 
==== Escape Characters====
In string literals printable ASCII characters may be written as themselves:
 s = &quot;abcdefg&quot;;
To signal an &quot;escape&quot; from normal string processing a backslash ( &quot;\&quot; ) indicates to the text processor that the following character may need special treatment.
When that character is ''not'' recognized as a code with special meaning the backslash is just deleted and the character is passed to the output untouched.

Control codes in the ASCII ordinal range of 00-ff (0-255) may be written in strings as single byte hexcodes following the backslash ('\x') escape code as
 echo(&quot;\x00\x01\x02\x03\x04\x7f\x80\x81&quot;);
{{limitation|only the subset &lt;code&gt;\x01&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;\x7f&lt;/code&gt; are supported}}
[[File:Escaped-control-codes.png|thumb|alt=printing escaped ASCII codes to the console|escaped ASCII codes on the console]]
As seen in this image, ASCII (NUL), the null character, is drawn as a space (&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;) and escaped codes \x80 and greater are rendered as literal text.

Multibyte [[w:Unicode|Unicode]] literals are written as:
* \u0123 - 4 bytes (note: lowercase \u)
* \U012345 - 6 bytes (note: uppercase \U)
NULL in all its forms &lt;code&gt;\x00 \u0000 \U000000&lt;/code&gt; is rendered as a space (&quot;&amp;nbsp;&quot;)

'''Example'''
[[File:Escaped-unicode-codes.png|thumb|alt=rendering Unicode using escape chars|Unicode chars]]
Echo ( &quot;\u20AC10 \u263A&quot;); will render as in this image:

=== Strings ===
String are zero or more [[w:Unicode|Unicode]] characters enclosed in double quotes ( '&quot;' ).
A single quote ( ' ) outside of a string is a syntax error and so cannot enclose a string.

Strings are passed as arguments, or parameters, to parts of the app that have their own processing &quot;engines&quot; for handling text.
Thus console output can show differently from text rendered [[OpenSCAD_User_Manual/Text |'''text()''' module]].
====Escape Characters in Strings====
As seen above with [[OpenSCAD_User_Manual/General#Escape Characters|character escape codes]] there are ways to include special characters in a string.

To be able to use a quote or a backslash in a string literal we use these additional escapes:
; a quote &quot;: use \&quot;, so &quot;quotes around \&quot;a\&quot; in a string&quot;
; a slash \: use \\, so &quot;C:\\folder\\file.ext&quot;

There are three additional escape codes that will be familiar to C programmers:
; tab : &quot;\t&quot; jump to next tab stop
; newline : &quot;\n&quot; begin following output on next line
; return : &quot;\r&quot; same as newline in console
to apply basic formatting of console output, as shown here:
 echo(&quot;\n\tTITLE\nunder\rover\n\t1\t2 jumps&quot;);
is rendered as:
 ECHO: &quot;
 	TITLE
 under
 over
 	1	2 jumps&quot;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>gwvj31a6iiy3m2zozive5m8k94iavwm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>A-level Chemistry/WJEC/Module 3/p-Block</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>480974</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679025</id>
      <parentid>4679018</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T12:58:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ewen</username>
        <id>19329</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Phosphorus */</comment>
      <origin>4679025</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29902" sha1="bc02zsitqjgrqb3wyjb0vlffhloc5y6" xml:space="preserve">= Group 3 =

'''Group 3''' consists of [[w:Boron|boron]], [[w:Aluminium|aluminium]], [[w:Gallium|gallium]], [[w:Indium|indium]], and [[w:Thallium|thallium]]. Boron is a metalloid, but the other elements are metals. All elements in this group have three valence electrons.

{{Info|Because these elements have varying properties, they will be studied element-by-element, rather than as a group.}}

== Boron ==

[[File:Borax_crystals.jpg|thumb|A borax crystal. Borax (a mineral containing boron) has many uses including laundry detergent.]]
[[File:Boroxin.png|100px|thumb|''Boroxin''. Notice boron's three bonds.]]
Boron is a '''metalloid''', exhibiting characteristics of both metals and non-metals. It is never found in its pure form in Earth, but it is a component of some minerals. However, pure boron can form as a result of chemical reactions. It can be a brown amorphous solid, or a crystalline solid. In the crystalline form, it is black and very hard.

Boron is a poor conductor of electricity at normal temperatures, but at high temperatures it does conduct electricity. Its chemical properties are mostly, but not entirely, non-metallic. Boron is the least electronegative non-metal, so it readily loses electrons when reacting. Boron is almost entirely in the +3 oxidation state. Boron has an oxide B&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and it is acidic.

{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
| BCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O → B(OH)'''_3''' + 3 HCl
| Boric '''halides''' are volatile substances that attack water with the formation of boric acid B(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and hydrogen halides.
|-
| B(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O → B(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt; + H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;
| Boric '''acid''' reacts with water to release a proton.  It is a [[General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases|weak acid]].
|-
| 2 B&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + 7 C → B&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;C + 6 CO
| Boric oxide, at extremely high temperatures, can react with carbon to form boron '''carbide'''.  Boron carbide is incredibly strong, finding use as tank armour.
|}

{{Info|In a manner similar to [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 14|carbon]], boron can form stable [[General Chemistry/Intermolecular bonds|covalent network]] solids.  Each boron atom bonds to three other borons, forming a large crystal.}}

Boron has interesting properties when it bonds covalently. It has three electrons, so it usually forms three single covalent bonds, an [[General Chemistry/Octet Rule and Exceptions|exception to the octet rule]] called '''electron deficiency'''. Substances like boron trichloride (BCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;), boric acid, and the borate ion (BO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;) are examples of boron's tendency to form three covalent bonds.

== Aluminium ==

Aluminium (American spelling aluminum) is a metal, although it is too reactive to exist in pure form. Instead, it is found in a wide variety of minerals including ''bauxite'', the primary source for extracting aluminium. Aluminium is the third most abundant element in Earth's crust.

[[File:Aluminum_Metal_coinless.jpg|thumb|Aluminium metal]]

Unlike boron, aluminium is an almost [[General Chemistry/Metallic bonds|stereotypical metal]] in its physical properties: it is malleable and ductile, and it conducts heat and electricity very well. Because of its lightness, resistance to corrosion, attractiveness (approaching that of silver), and inexpensiveness to process along with adequate strength for many commercial and domestic uses, it is the third-most used of all metals. Only iron and zinc exceed it in production.

Aluminium compounds typically exist in the +3 oxidation state. Because of its durability and light weight, aluminium is used in many '''alloys''', mixtures of metals. Two metals, each with desirable characteristics, can be mixed together to produce an alloy that has the properties of both metals. Aluminium used to be used for household wiring, but it expands too much when heated. The expansion causes the wires to come loose, and house fires can start.

Aluminium seems unreactive because of a thin, hard surface of aluminium oxide Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; which does not react with water or oxygen and preserves the aluminium metal underneath it from chemical attack. Pure aluminium will immediately form this layer when exposed to air. Although aluminium is very conductive, aluminium oxide does not conduct electricity.

[[File:Aluminium-trichloride-3D-structures.png|thumb|Aluminium trichloride]]
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
| Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) + 2 OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) → 2 [Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq)&lt;br&gt;Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 6 H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) → 2 Al&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)

|Aluminium '''oxide''' is [[General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases|amphoteric]]—it reacts violently to neutralise strong bases or strong acids.
|-
| 2 Al(s) + 3 Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s)
| Reacting aluminium with a [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 18|halogen]] results in an aluminium '''halide'''.  Aluminium chloride can exist as an [[General Chemistry/Ionic bonding|ionic solid]] or a [[General Chemistry/Covalent bonds|covalent solid]], but either way it is a weak conductor.
|-
| AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + 3 NaOH(aq) → Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) +  3 NaCl(aq)
| Aluminium chloride is an acid, able to neutralise bases.
|-
| Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 2 Al(s) → 2 Fe(l) + Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s)
| Molten aluminium reacts violently with some metal oxides in the '''thermite reaction''', in which a substance like iron oxide is [[General Chemistry/Chemical Reactions|reduced]] to iron and aluminium is oxidized to its oxide.  This is a highly exothermic reaction, releasing enough heat to weld metal.
|}

Generally, aqueous aluminium is found as a hydroxide Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. Aluminium hydroxide is amphoteric:

: Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) +  3 HCl(aq) → AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)
: Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) +  NaOH → NaAl(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(aq)

== Others ==

[[File:Gallium1_640x480.jpg|thumb|Gallium]]
Gallium is a brittle metal that melts slightly above room temperature, so holding it in your hand would liquefy it. One magic trick, the 'melting spoon' involves stirring a hot liquid (usually hot water) with a spoon specially made of gallium. The spoon melts in the water and 'disappears'. (The gallium simply sinks to the bottom of the cup; after the magic trick is done the 'magician removes the water and the molten gallium and pours the gallium into a mold that makes a new spoon for doing the trick again). Gallium is used in many semiconductor devices and LEDs (light emitting diodes). Gallium(III) arsenide is an important semiconductor used in many electronics.

Indium's most common isotope is radioactive and decays slowly into tin. Indium typically has the +3 oxidation state.

Thallium tends to appear in the +1 (thallous) oxidation state as well as the +3 (thallic) oxidation state. Oddly, thallium acts much like an [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 1|alkali metal]] in its physical and chemical properties. Thallous oxide (Tl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) and the metal react violently with water to form a hydroxide TlOH that completely dissociates into Tl&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ions as if it were an alkali metal hydroxide. Its halides are quite salt-like, dissociating into ions into solutions that, like solutions of salts of the alkali metals, conduct electricity.

= Group 4 =

'''Group 4''' consists of [[w:Carbon|carbon]], [[w:Silicon|silicon]], [[w:Germanium|germanium]], [[w:Tin|tin]], and [[w:Lead|lead]].  Carbon is a non-metal, silicon and germanium are metalloids, and tin and lead are metals.

With 4 valence shell electrons, elements of the carbon family tend to form covalent compounds.  With increasing mass and atomic radius these elements become increasingly metallic and have lower melting and boiling points.

Group 4 elements form gaseous hydrogen compounds with difficulty. These are either unstable or combustible.  All but lead form oxides, sulfides, and halides in the +4 oxidation state. The +4 oxidation state predominates in carbon, silicon, and germanium; the +2 and +4 oxidation states both appear in tin, and the +2 oxidation state prevails in lead. Halides in the +4 state form for all of these elements, and they are covalent. 

Carbon compounds are much more [[General Chemistry/Covalent bonds|covalent]] than analogous compounds of silicon, germanium, tin, or lead. Even more significantly, carbon forms double and even triple bonds with itself or other elements, forming compounds that the heavier elements of this group cannot form like acetylene (C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;).  Silicon and the heavier elements of this group can form only single bonds. 

Thus carbon dioxide CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a gas at normal temperatures because the double bonds between carbon and oxygen create single molecules, but silicon dioxide SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; forms a hard rock known as quartz because it is a [[General Chemistry/Intermolecular bonds|covalent network solid]].  Each silicon atom bonds to four different oxygen atoms with single bonds, and each oxygen atom bonds with two silicon atoms.  Similar properties apply to the oxides of germanium, tin, and lead. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, a weak acid that reacts with bases to form carbonates; oxides of the other elements of this group are practically nonreactive in water.

{{Info|Because of its unparalleled importance in chemistry, carbon is the main focus of study of the Group 4 elements.}}

== Carbon ==

Carbon is a very important element.  It is abundant in the earth and atmosphere, and it is found in the substances that make all living things.  Carbon has many properties that make it different from other elements, so it deserves thorough study.

=== Allotropes ===

[[Image:Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png|thumb|200px|a) diamond; b) graphite; c) lonsdaleite; d/e/f) buckyballs; g) amorphous; h) nanotubes]]

''Allotropes'' are different forms of a pure element.  Carbon has several allotropes, three of which are common.

* '''Amorphous''' carbon is coal and soot.  The carbon molecules are covalently bonded, but there is no order or arrangement.
* '''Graphite''' occurs when carbon forms flat covalent networks.  These flat &quot;sheets&quot; are not bonded to each other, making them free to slide past each other.  Graphite composes the &quot;lead&quot; in pencils.
* '''Diamond''' occurs when carbon forms a three-dimensional covalent network.  Diamonds are much different from graphite and amorphous carbon.  They are transparent, brilliant-looking, and incredibly hard.  Diamond only forms at heat and intense pressures.

There are also several rare and exotic allotropes of carbon, including:

* '''Buckyballs''', or fullerenes, are spherical shaped balls of carbon.  Covalent bonds join the carbon atoms into a soccer ball pattern that looks much like the geodesic domes of Buckminster Fuller.  The most common buckyball, &quot;buckminsterfullerene&quot;, has the molecular formula C&lt;sub&gt;60&lt;/sub&gt;.  Buckyballs are large enough for a small atom to get trapped inside.
* '''Lonsdaleite''' forms upon meteorite impact with the Earth.
* Carbon '''nanotubes''' are incredibly small but rigid tubes made of carbon.  They are created in labs and are a subject of research.

Keep in mind that allotropes are composed of only one element.  In this case, these allotropes contain only carbon atoms and no other elements. If multiple ''compounds'' have different structures but the same molecular formula, they are called ''isomers''.

=== Inorganic Compounds ===

Although carbon is known mainly for its organic compounds, it does form many important inorganic compounds.

==== Oxides ====

''Oxides'' of carbon contain only carbon atoms and oxygen atoms.  There are two oxides that occur commonly:

* Carbon monoxide ('''CO'''): a poisonous gas released when carbon-based fuels burn in limited oxygen.
* Carbon dioxide ('''CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'''): found naturally in the air, but too much is considered pollution.  Animals exhale carbon dioxide, and plants absorb it.  It is slightly acidic.  Carbon dioxide, when solid, is &quot;dry ice&quot;.

==== Compounds Derived from Oxides ====

'''Carbonic acid''' (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) forms when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water.  It is given by the reaction:
{{center/top}}CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) ⇌ H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq)
&lt;br&gt;
[[Image:Carbonic-acid-2D.svg|100px]] [[Image:Hydrogencarbonat-Ion.svg|71px]] [[Image:Carbonate-ion-localised-2D.png|71px]]&lt;br&gt;
In solution, carbonic acid (left) forms the anions '''hydrogencarbonate''' (centre) and '''carbonate''' (right).{{center/end}}

Carbonate ions have the formula CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; and hydrogencarbonate is HCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;.

==== Ionic Compounds ====

Along with the oxyanions (carbonate and bicarbonate), carbon can form several other [[General Chemistry/Ionic bonding|ions]].
[[Image:Carbid.jpg|thumb|Calcium carbide CaC&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;]]

* Cyanide ('''CN&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;''')
* Cyanate ('''OCN&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;''')
* Thiocyanate ('''SCN&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;''')
* Carbides ('''C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;''' and '''C&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4-&lt;/sup&gt;''')

==== Alloys ====

Carbon is used in some '''alloys''', mixtures of metals.  If a small amount (between 0.2 % and 2.1 % by weight) of carbon is mixed into iron, the result is '''steel'''.

=== Organic Compounds ===

[[Image:Methane-2D-stereo.svg|thumb|150px|Methane]]
Compounds containing carbon (except for the above inorganic compounds) are considered '''organic'''.  They were once thought to be produced only by living things, but they have since been created in laboratories.  Most organic compounds contain hydrogen as well as carbon.

Many substances are organic compounds.  '''Polymers''' are organic compounds consisting of long chains of repeating patterns containing carbon and other atoms.  Plastics, rubbers, and nylon are all organic polymers.  '''Hydrocarbons''' are compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon, methane being a simple example.  Crude oil is a sludge of various hydrocarbons mixed together.  Propane, butane, and octane are well-known hydrocarbons used for fuel.  Perhaps the most interesting type of organic compound is the '''biomolecule'''.  Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats), and nucleic acids (like DNA) are the most basic biomolecules.  They, too, are polymers (except for lipids), being made of long chains of small, repeating chemicals that have bonded together.  Biomolecules make up the chemicals found in the living cells that compose all living things.

Organic chemistry and biochemistry are very broad and thorough topics.  They are far outside the scope of General Chemistry.  Fortunately, your knowledge of General Chemistry is sufficient to begin the Wikibooks [[Organic Chemistry]] and [[Biochemistry]] if you are interested.

== Silicon ==

[[Image:Surface Mount Components.jpg|thumb|Transistor electronics exist because of silicon's semiconductor properties.]]
'''Silicon''' is found in ''semiconductors'', the basis of all electronic devices.  Its electron configuration allows it to donate or accept electrons.  When pure silicon is &quot;doped&quot; with elements that have more or fewer electrons than silicon, the slightly-impure silicon becomes a semiconductor.  These substances make up complex electronics by acting like a switch that can turn on or off depending on electrical signals.

Silicon does not exist uncombined in nature; it most commonly occurs in silica (including the very common rock quartz and most sand grains) and in silicates. Most silicates are insoluble. 

Silicon dioxide, a hard substance that melts only at high temperatures, is very different in its chemical properties from carbon dioxide, a gas until it freezes into dry ice. Molten silica can be cast as glass, a hard and useful material resistant to attack by almost all chemicals except fluorine, hydrofluoric acid, and strong alkalis. Glass is extremely useful in household containers and drinking utensils because it is resistant to chemicals, heat, and the attack of micro-organisms. Glass can be very clear if pure or containing certain chemicals, or it can take on attractive colours, making it a favourite material for art objects. Some small living creatures turn dissolved silica in the sea into their shells to create structure. A great variety of silicon compounds known as [[w:silicone|silicone]]s have widespread and varied uses.

{{Warning|Silica is not strictly a poison, but as an abrasive it can damage tissues if eaten or breathed by grinding against them. Asbestos, a silicate (and derivative of silica) breaks down to silica especially in lungs and does great damage.}}

[[File:Canterbury Cathedral window at crossing.jpg|thumb|220px|A large [[Perpendicular style]] [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] window of eight lights in [[Canterbury Cathedral]], c. 1400, which contains medieval glass.]]

== Others ==

'''Germanium''' is another element used in semiconductors. Before transistors were in common use, germanium diodes were heavily used in radios.

'''Tin''' is considered a &quot;poor metal&quot;. It has two allotropes at STP: ''grey tin'' and ''white tin''.  Grey tin has non-metallic characteristics, but white tin is metallic.  Tin is used frequently as an alloy.  &quot;Tin cans&quot; are actually steel cans with a tin plating to resist corrosion.  ''Pewter'' is an alloy of copper and tin, containing mostly tin.  ''Bronze'' is an alloy of copper and tin containing mostly copper.  ''Solder'' is an alloy of tin and lead used for its low melting point for attaching wires.

'''Lead''' is a heavy, grey metal.  It had a tremendous number of uses, but it is now known to be a neurotoxin if ingested.  Water-carrying pipes were made out of lead, but they are now made from copper or plastic because lead could contaminate the water. Lead compounds especially if soluble in water (like lead acetate used as a preservative and sweetener of wines in Roman times) or stomach acids (like the lead oxide once used in paints) or in gaseous or liquid form (like tetraethyl lead once used in gasoline), and powdered lead are very dangerous. Use of lead in foodstuffs, paint, and vehicle fuels is now illegal almost everywhere.
 
{{Warning|Lead compounds and vapours are insidious poisons that accumulate in the brain and create learning disabilities and personality disorders.}}

Lead-crystal glass has lead oxide in it but so tightly bound with silica that it can't escape easily. Pencil 'leads' are not lead at all, but instead harmless graphite (really carbon) bound with clay. Lead remains useful in automobile batteries (that contain necessary sulfuric acid much more dangerous than lead) and in nuclear use as a shield against radiation much more dangerous than lead metal.    

{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
| 2 PbO(s) + PbS(s) → 3 Pb(s) + SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g)
|Lead '''oxides''' are easily [[General Chemistry/Redox Reactions/Oxidation and Reduction equations|reduced]].
|-
| Pb(s) + 8 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) → 3 Pb&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 6 NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 2 NO(g) + 4 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)
|Lead does not dissolve in hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, but it will dissolve in nitric acid because nitric acid is a strong oxidizer.
|-
| PbO(s) + 2 OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq)
|Lead(II) oxide will form '''plumbate(II)''' (&quot;plumbite&quot;) ions when added to basic solutions.
|-
| [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) → PbO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 2 Cl&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 2 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)
|Plumbites form lead(IV) oxide (&quot;lead dioxide&quot;) when oxidised by chlorine (&quot;chlorinated&quot;).
|-
| PbO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 2 OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 2 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq)
|Adding lead(IV) dioxide to a basic solution will form '''plumbate(IV)''' ions. This ion is an exception to the rule of thumb that hydroxide anions have 4 hydroxide ions (e.g. [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq), [Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq), [Cr(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq), [Zn(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq))
|}

== Group 5 == 

'''Group 5''' contains [[w:Nitrogen|nitrogen]], [[w:Phosphorus|phosphorus]], [[w:Arsenic|arsenic]], [[w:Antimony|antimony]], and [[w:Bismuth|bismuth]].  
Elements in Group 15 have five valence electrons. Because the elements can either gain three electrons or lose five to gain a stable configuration, they more often form covalent compounds unless bonded to an active metal. Their electron affinities are not very large. Metallic properties increase markedly from gaseous nitrogen to barely-metallic bismuth with increasing size and mass. Nitrogen and phosphorus are non-metallic, and arsenic and antimony are metalloids.

{{Info|The Group 5 elements are unique enough to be studied individually, rather than as a group.}}

These elements are much less reactive than the elements of [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 16|Group 16]], and their chemistries are more complicated. Most of the chemistry of these elements is in the +3 or +5 oxidation states, although they form gaseous compounds with hydrogen in the -3 oxidation state: ammonia NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, phosphine PH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, arsine AsH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, stibine AsH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and bismuthine BiH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;; these all burn in oxygen to give oxides or (in the case of nitrogen) the free element .

{{center|2 PH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 4 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)}}
{{center|NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 3 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)}}

All form oxides; nitrogen with difficulty, the others with ease.  Most of the oxides are acidic, exceptions being nitrous oxide N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, nitric oxide NO, and bismuth oxide Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. Except for nitrogen, typical oxides are in the +3 or +5 (bismuth excluded) oxidation states. All form [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 17|halides]] — nitrogen with difficulty, but those of phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony fully hydrolyze in water.

Nitrogen and phosphorus form important acids in the +5 oxidation state. Nitrogen forms nitric acid HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a substance used to create medicines and explosives (but this acid is corrosive and dangerous, so don't touch it or even spill it on anything), and salts known as '''nitrates''' such as potassium nitrate KNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, an important fertilizer. Phosphorus forms phosphoric acid, H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;; '''phosphates''' are salts of phosphoric acid.  Some phosphates are essential to respiration and thus life itself. General covalency of nitrogen family is 3.

== Nitrogen ==

[[Image:Nitrogen_Cycle.jpg|thumb|The ''nitrogen cycle'' shows how nitrogen is passed along organisms and the atmosphere.]]
Nitrogen occurs naturally as the diatomic gas N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.  It comprises about 78% of the air we breathe.  The bond holding the two nitrogen atoms together is triple covalent, so it is very strong.  Because of that, nitrogen is very unreactive.  It is used in many places when an inert gas is needed.  However, nitrogen will react with some substances:

{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
|&lt;math&gt;6 \hbox{Li}_{(s)} + \hbox{N}_{2(g)} \to 2 \hbox{Li}_3\hbox{N}_{(s)}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;3 \hbox{Mg}_{(s)} + \hbox{N}_{2(g)} \to \hbox{Mg}_3\hbox{N}_{2(s)}&lt;/math&gt;
|Although nitrogen gas is usually considered inert, it does react with some elements by burning.
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\hbox{Li}_3\hbox{N}_{(s)} + 3 \hbox{H}_2\hbox{O} \to 3 \hbox{LiOH}_{(aq)} + \hbox{NH}_{3(g)}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;math&gt;\hbox{Mg}_3\hbox{N}_{2(s)} + 6 \hbox{H}_2\hbox{O} \to 3 \hbox{Mg}(\hbox{OH})_{2(aq)} + 2 \hbox{NH}_{3(g)}&lt;/math&gt;
|The '''nitrides''' react violently with water to form ammonia gas and a [[General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases|basic]] solution.
|}

In its pure form, nitrogen is not very useful, and it will suffocate any animal that breathes pure nitrogen.  It is much more important when it is a component of ammonia, nitrate, oxides, or biomolecules like protein.  Due it is very unreactive nature, it is difficult to get nitrogen to react and form these useful substances.  Any process that can convert elemental nitrogen into a nitrogen compound is called '''nitrogen fixation'''.  Nitrogen fixation is biologically important because amino acids, proteins, and enzymes contain nitrogen.  It is commercially important because it is used in explosives, rocket fuels, and fertilizers.  

There are many nitrogen fixation reactions:
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
|&lt;math&gt;\hbox{N}_2 + 8 \hbox{H}^+ + 8 \hbox{e}^- + energy \to 2 \hbox{NH}_3 + \hbox{H}_2&lt;/math&gt;
| This occurs in bacterial enzymes.  The ammonia (NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) quickly becomes ammonium (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;).  The nitrogen in the bacteria enters the soil where plants can absorb it.  Humans and animals that eat those plants can get the nitrogen in useful compounds.
|-
|&lt;math&gt;\hbox{N}_2 + 3 \hbox{H}_2 \leftrightarrow 2 \hbox{NH}_3&lt;/math&gt;
|The '''Haber process''' is used for commercially producing ammonia.  This reaction only occurs at very high pressures and temperatures (around 20 MPa and 500 °C) and in the presence of an iron catalyst.  Also, the reaction occurs in somewhat complex equipment that must input pure reactants and extract the ammonia.

|} In the cold, dense, hydrogen-rich atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, nitrogen ordinarily exists combined with hydrogen as ammonia. 

Keep in mind that ammonia is a gas at STP.  The household product called &quot;ammonia&quot; is actually an [[General Chemistry/Aqueous Solutions|aqueous solution]] of ammonium hydroxide (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;OH) that forms when ammonia gas is dissolved in water.  Ammonia, quite unlike hydrogen compounds of Groups 16 and 17, is a base in its reactions, forming salts with weak and strong acids alike. Such a substance as ammonium chloride (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;Cl) is a soluble, strongly ionic salt.

Nitrogen compounds are often extremely unstable because nitrogen atoms in nitrogen compounds tend to seek each other to recombine as nitrogen gas.  Many nitrogen compounds are literal explosives, including TNT and nitroglycerin. These explosives are in common use in construction projects for the demolition of buildings and other obstacles to new construction, or to get access to minerals in mining operations. 

{{Warning|Handling of any explosive or making them is appropriately left to experts.}}

== Phosphorus ==

Phosphorus compounds are essential to life in the form of phosphates in bones and in the substances ADP and ATP that act as a reservoir of energy in cells.

[[Image:White phosphorus molecule.jpg|thumb|90px|left|White phosphorus atomic structure]]
Phosphorus has two common allotropes: red phosphorus and white phosphorus. Unlike nitrogen, phosphorus will not readily form a diatomic molecule with a triple bond. White phosphorus (P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) has a waxy appearance and turns yellow when exposed to light. When exposed to oxygen in the dark, it glows pale green. 

{{Warning|White phosphorus is extremely dangerous. It causes severe burns and is very toxic. It ignites with a very hot flame and can be explosive.}}.

Red phosphorus is an amorphous solid. It is more stable than twhite phosphorus but still dangerously reactive. Both forms of phosphorus are insoluble in water. Because white phosphorus is the most easily made allotrope, it is used as the standard state for calculations of energy changes. This gives red phosphorus the unusual exothermic Δ&lt;sub&gt;f&lt;/sub&gt;''H'' value of -17.6 kJ mol&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;.

The combustion of phosphorus produces phosphorus(V) oxide;

{{center|P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 5 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;(s)}}

Phosphorus pentoxide strongly reacts with water to form phosphoric acid. 

{{center|P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → 4 H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(aq)}}

Phosphorus(V) is the preferred oxidation state, though phosphorus(III) exists in a range of compounds. The inert pair effect is not strong enough in Period 3 to make the lower oxidation state stable relative to the higher state. Phosphorus(III) compounds tend to become oxidised to phosphorus(V), meaning that phosphorus(III) compounds are reducing agents. Phosphoric(III) acid (&quot;phosphorous acid&quot;) for example, will reduce mercury(II) chloride to elemental mercury:

{{center|H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + HgCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + Hg(l) + 2 HCl(aq)}}

== Others ==
[[Image:Bismuth-crystal.jpg|thumb|A crystal of bismuth, showing its colorful ''iridescent'' tarnish.]]

Arsenic is similar to phosphorus.  It has three allotropes: grey arsenic, yellow arsenic, and black arsenic.  Grey arsenic is the most common form.  Its structure is similar to graphite.

Antimony does not have physical properties of a metal, but behaves chemically as a non-metal.

{{Warning|Arsenic and antimony, as well as practically all of their compounds, are dangerous poisons.}}

Bismuth is a brittle, silvery metal. Bismuth ''is'' actually radioactive, decaying into thallium-205.  Because its ''half-life'' is 19 x 10&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt; years, about a million times the age of the universe, bismuth is usually considered stable.

Bismuth is much less radioactive than the nearly-harmless and unavoidable radioactive isotopes of carbon and potassium in living things.  Unlike arsenic and antimony, its compounds aren't toxic unless something else in the compound is itself toxic or the substance is very acidic or alkaline. In fact, a bismuth compound is very common in a heavily-used stomach medication that requires no prescription. 

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>bc02zsitqjgrqb3wyjb0vlffhloc5y6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679026</id>
      <parentid>4679025</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:11:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ewen</username>
        <id>19329</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Nitrogen */</comment>
      <origin>4679026</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29750" sha1="slizwqkt297w3gf3ln1n8haled9314b" xml:space="preserve">= Group 3 =

'''Group 3''' consists of [[w:Boron|boron]], [[w:Aluminium|aluminium]], [[w:Gallium|gallium]], [[w:Indium|indium]], and [[w:Thallium|thallium]]. Boron is a metalloid, but the other elements are metals. All elements in this group have three valence electrons.

{{Info|Because these elements have varying properties, they will be studied element-by-element, rather than as a group.}}

== Boron ==

[[File:Borax_crystals.jpg|thumb|A borax crystal. Borax (a mineral containing boron) has many uses including laundry detergent.]]
[[File:Boroxin.png|100px|thumb|''Boroxin''. Notice boron's three bonds.]]
Boron is a '''metalloid''', exhibiting characteristics of both metals and non-metals. It is never found in its pure form in Earth, but it is a component of some minerals. However, pure boron can form as a result of chemical reactions. It can be a brown amorphous solid, or a crystalline solid. In the crystalline form, it is black and very hard.

Boron is a poor conductor of electricity at normal temperatures, but at high temperatures it does conduct electricity. Its chemical properties are mostly, but not entirely, non-metallic. Boron is the least electronegative non-metal, so it readily loses electrons when reacting. Boron is almost entirely in the +3 oxidation state. Boron has an oxide B&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and it is acidic.

{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
| BCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O → B(OH)'''_3''' + 3 HCl
| Boric '''halides''' are volatile substances that attack water with the formation of boric acid B(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and hydrogen halides.
|-
| B(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O → B(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt; + H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;
| Boric '''acid''' reacts with water to release a proton.  It is a [[General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases|weak acid]].
|-
| 2 B&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + 7 C → B&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;C + 6 CO
| Boric oxide, at extremely high temperatures, can react with carbon to form boron '''carbide'''.  Boron carbide is incredibly strong, finding use as tank armour.
|}

{{Info|In a manner similar to [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 14|carbon]], boron can form stable [[General Chemistry/Intermolecular bonds|covalent network]] solids.  Each boron atom bonds to three other borons, forming a large crystal.}}

Boron has interesting properties when it bonds covalently. It has three electrons, so it usually forms three single covalent bonds, an [[General Chemistry/Octet Rule and Exceptions|exception to the octet rule]] called '''electron deficiency'''. Substances like boron trichloride (BCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;), boric acid, and the borate ion (BO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;) are examples of boron's tendency to form three covalent bonds.

== Aluminium ==

Aluminium (American spelling aluminum) is a metal, although it is too reactive to exist in pure form. Instead, it is found in a wide variety of minerals including ''bauxite'', the primary source for extracting aluminium. Aluminium is the third most abundant element in Earth's crust.

[[File:Aluminum_Metal_coinless.jpg|thumb|Aluminium metal]]

Unlike boron, aluminium is an almost [[General Chemistry/Metallic bonds|stereotypical metal]] in its physical properties: it is malleable and ductile, and it conducts heat and electricity very well. Because of its lightness, resistance to corrosion, attractiveness (approaching that of silver), and inexpensiveness to process along with adequate strength for many commercial and domestic uses, it is the third-most used of all metals. Only iron and zinc exceed it in production.

Aluminium compounds typically exist in the +3 oxidation state. Because of its durability and light weight, aluminium is used in many '''alloys''', mixtures of metals. Two metals, each with desirable characteristics, can be mixed together to produce an alloy that has the properties of both metals. Aluminium used to be used for household wiring, but it expands too much when heated. The expansion causes the wires to come loose, and house fires can start.

Aluminium seems unreactive because of a thin, hard surface of aluminium oxide Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; which does not react with water or oxygen and preserves the aluminium metal underneath it from chemical attack. Pure aluminium will immediately form this layer when exposed to air. Although aluminium is very conductive, aluminium oxide does not conduct electricity.

[[File:Aluminium-trichloride-3D-structures.png|thumb|Aluminium trichloride]]
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
| Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) + 2 OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) → 2 [Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq)&lt;br&gt;Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 6 H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) → 2 Al&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)

|Aluminium '''oxide''' is [[General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases|amphoteric]]—it reacts violently to neutralise strong bases or strong acids.
|-
| 2 Al(s) + 3 Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s)
| Reacting aluminium with a [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 18|halogen]] results in an aluminium '''halide'''.  Aluminium chloride can exist as an [[General Chemistry/Ionic bonding|ionic solid]] or a [[General Chemistry/Covalent bonds|covalent solid]], but either way it is a weak conductor.
|-
| AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + 3 NaOH(aq) → Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) +  3 NaCl(aq)
| Aluminium chloride is an acid, able to neutralise bases.
|-
| Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 2 Al(s) → 2 Fe(l) + Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s)
| Molten aluminium reacts violently with some metal oxides in the '''thermite reaction''', in which a substance like iron oxide is [[General Chemistry/Chemical Reactions|reduced]] to iron and aluminium is oxidized to its oxide.  This is a highly exothermic reaction, releasing enough heat to weld metal.
|}

Generally, aqueous aluminium is found as a hydroxide Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. Aluminium hydroxide is amphoteric:

: Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) +  3 HCl(aq) → AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)
: Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) +  NaOH → NaAl(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(aq)

== Others ==

[[File:Gallium1_640x480.jpg|thumb|Gallium]]
Gallium is a brittle metal that melts slightly above room temperature, so holding it in your hand would liquefy it. One magic trick, the 'melting spoon' involves stirring a hot liquid (usually hot water) with a spoon specially made of gallium. The spoon melts in the water and 'disappears'. (The gallium simply sinks to the bottom of the cup; after the magic trick is done the 'magician removes the water and the molten gallium and pours the gallium into a mold that makes a new spoon for doing the trick again). Gallium is used in many semiconductor devices and LEDs (light emitting diodes). Gallium(III) arsenide is an important semiconductor used in many electronics.

Indium's most common isotope is radioactive and decays slowly into tin. Indium typically has the +3 oxidation state.

Thallium tends to appear in the +1 (thallous) oxidation state as well as the +3 (thallic) oxidation state. Oddly, thallium acts much like an [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 1|alkali metal]] in its physical and chemical properties. Thallous oxide (Tl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) and the metal react violently with water to form a hydroxide TlOH that completely dissociates into Tl&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ions as if it were an alkali metal hydroxide. Its halides are quite salt-like, dissociating into ions into solutions that, like solutions of salts of the alkali metals, conduct electricity.

= Group 4 =

'''Group 4''' consists of [[w:Carbon|carbon]], [[w:Silicon|silicon]], [[w:Germanium|germanium]], [[w:Tin|tin]], and [[w:Lead|lead]].  Carbon is a non-metal, silicon and germanium are metalloids, and tin and lead are metals.

With 4 valence shell electrons, elements of the carbon family tend to form covalent compounds.  With increasing mass and atomic radius these elements become increasingly metallic and have lower melting and boiling points.

Group 4 elements form gaseous hydrogen compounds with difficulty. These are either unstable or combustible.  All but lead form oxides, sulfides, and halides in the +4 oxidation state. The +4 oxidation state predominates in carbon, silicon, and germanium; the +2 and +4 oxidation states both appear in tin, and the +2 oxidation state prevails in lead. Halides in the +4 state form for all of these elements, and they are covalent. 

Carbon compounds are much more [[General Chemistry/Covalent bonds|covalent]] than analogous compounds of silicon, germanium, tin, or lead. Even more significantly, carbon forms double and even triple bonds with itself or other elements, forming compounds that the heavier elements of this group cannot form like acetylene (C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;).  Silicon and the heavier elements of this group can form only single bonds. 

Thus carbon dioxide CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a gas at normal temperatures because the double bonds between carbon and oxygen create single molecules, but silicon dioxide SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; forms a hard rock known as quartz because it is a [[General Chemistry/Intermolecular bonds|covalent network solid]].  Each silicon atom bonds to four different oxygen atoms with single bonds, and each oxygen atom bonds with two silicon atoms.  Similar properties apply to the oxides of germanium, tin, and lead. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, a weak acid that reacts with bases to form carbonates; oxides of the other elements of this group are practically nonreactive in water.

{{Info|Because of its unparalleled importance in chemistry, carbon is the main focus of study of the Group 4 elements.}}

== Carbon ==

Carbon is a very important element.  It is abundant in the earth and atmosphere, and it is found in the substances that make all living things.  Carbon has many properties that make it different from other elements, so it deserves thorough study.

=== Allotropes ===

[[Image:Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png|thumb|200px|a) diamond; b) graphite; c) lonsdaleite; d/e/f) buckyballs; g) amorphous; h) nanotubes]]

''Allotropes'' are different forms of a pure element.  Carbon has several allotropes, three of which are common.

* '''Amorphous''' carbon is coal and soot.  The carbon molecules are covalently bonded, but there is no order or arrangement.
* '''Graphite''' occurs when carbon forms flat covalent networks.  These flat &quot;sheets&quot; are not bonded to each other, making them free to slide past each other.  Graphite composes the &quot;lead&quot; in pencils.
* '''Diamond''' occurs when carbon forms a three-dimensional covalent network.  Diamonds are much different from graphite and amorphous carbon.  They are transparent, brilliant-looking, and incredibly hard.  Diamond only forms at heat and intense pressures.

There are also several rare and exotic allotropes of carbon, including:

* '''Buckyballs''', or fullerenes, are spherical shaped balls of carbon.  Covalent bonds join the carbon atoms into a soccer ball pattern that looks much like the geodesic domes of Buckminster Fuller.  The most common buckyball, &quot;buckminsterfullerene&quot;, has the molecular formula C&lt;sub&gt;60&lt;/sub&gt;.  Buckyballs are large enough for a small atom to get trapped inside.
* '''Lonsdaleite''' forms upon meteorite impact with the Earth.
* Carbon '''nanotubes''' are incredibly small but rigid tubes made of carbon.  They are created in labs and are a subject of research.

Keep in mind that allotropes are composed of only one element.  In this case, these allotropes contain only carbon atoms and no other elements. If multiple ''compounds'' have different structures but the same molecular formula, they are called ''isomers''.

=== Inorganic Compounds ===

Although carbon is known mainly for its organic compounds, it does form many important inorganic compounds.

==== Oxides ====

''Oxides'' of carbon contain only carbon atoms and oxygen atoms.  There are two oxides that occur commonly:

* Carbon monoxide ('''CO'''): a poisonous gas released when carbon-based fuels burn in limited oxygen.
* Carbon dioxide ('''CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'''): found naturally in the air, but too much is considered pollution.  Animals exhale carbon dioxide, and plants absorb it.  It is slightly acidic.  Carbon dioxide, when solid, is &quot;dry ice&quot;.

==== Compounds Derived from Oxides ====

'''Carbonic acid''' (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) forms when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water.  It is given by the reaction:
{{center/top}}CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) ⇌ H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq)
&lt;br&gt;
[[Image:Carbonic-acid-2D.svg|100px]] [[Image:Hydrogencarbonat-Ion.svg|71px]] [[Image:Carbonate-ion-localised-2D.png|71px]]&lt;br&gt;
In solution, carbonic acid (left) forms the anions '''hydrogencarbonate''' (centre) and '''carbonate''' (right).{{center/end}}

Carbonate ions have the formula CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; and hydrogencarbonate is HCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;.

==== Ionic Compounds ====

Along with the oxyanions (carbonate and bicarbonate), carbon can form several other [[General Chemistry/Ionic bonding|ions]].
[[Image:Carbid.jpg|thumb|Calcium carbide CaC&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;]]

* Cyanide ('''CN&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;''')
* Cyanate ('''OCN&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;''')
* Thiocyanate ('''SCN&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;''')
* Carbides ('''C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;''' and '''C&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4-&lt;/sup&gt;''')

==== Alloys ====

Carbon is used in some '''alloys''', mixtures of metals.  If a small amount (between 0.2 % and 2.1 % by weight) of carbon is mixed into iron, the result is '''steel'''.

=== Organic Compounds ===

[[Image:Methane-2D-stereo.svg|thumb|150px|Methane]]
Compounds containing carbon (except for the above inorganic compounds) are considered '''organic'''.  They were once thought to be produced only by living things, but they have since been created in laboratories.  Most organic compounds contain hydrogen as well as carbon.

Many substances are organic compounds.  '''Polymers''' are organic compounds consisting of long chains of repeating patterns containing carbon and other atoms.  Plastics, rubbers, and nylon are all organic polymers.  '''Hydrocarbons''' are compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon, methane being a simple example.  Crude oil is a sludge of various hydrocarbons mixed together.  Propane, butane, and octane are well-known hydrocarbons used for fuel.  Perhaps the most interesting type of organic compound is the '''biomolecule'''.  Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats), and nucleic acids (like DNA) are the most basic biomolecules.  They, too, are polymers (except for lipids), being made of long chains of small, repeating chemicals that have bonded together.  Biomolecules make up the chemicals found in the living cells that compose all living things.

Organic chemistry and biochemistry are very broad and thorough topics.  They are far outside the scope of General Chemistry.  Fortunately, your knowledge of General Chemistry is sufficient to begin the Wikibooks [[Organic Chemistry]] and [[Biochemistry]] if you are interested.

== Silicon ==

[[Image:Surface Mount Components.jpg|thumb|Transistor electronics exist because of silicon's semiconductor properties.]]
'''Silicon''' is found in ''semiconductors'', the basis of all electronic devices.  Its electron configuration allows it to donate or accept electrons.  When pure silicon is &quot;doped&quot; with elements that have more or fewer electrons than silicon, the slightly-impure silicon becomes a semiconductor.  These substances make up complex electronics by acting like a switch that can turn on or off depending on electrical signals.

Silicon does not exist uncombined in nature; it most commonly occurs in silica (including the very common rock quartz and most sand grains) and in silicates. Most silicates are insoluble. 

Silicon dioxide, a hard substance that melts only at high temperatures, is very different in its chemical properties from carbon dioxide, a gas until it freezes into dry ice. Molten silica can be cast as glass, a hard and useful material resistant to attack by almost all chemicals except fluorine, hydrofluoric acid, and strong alkalis. Glass is extremely useful in household containers and drinking utensils because it is resistant to chemicals, heat, and the attack of micro-organisms. Glass can be very clear if pure or containing certain chemicals, or it can take on attractive colours, making it a favourite material for art objects. Some small living creatures turn dissolved silica in the sea into their shells to create structure. A great variety of silicon compounds known as [[w:silicone|silicone]]s have widespread and varied uses.

{{Warning|Silica is not strictly a poison, but as an abrasive it can damage tissues if eaten or breathed by grinding against them. Asbestos, a silicate (and derivative of silica) breaks down to silica especially in lungs and does great damage.}}

[[File:Canterbury Cathedral window at crossing.jpg|thumb|220px|A large [[Perpendicular style]] [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] window of eight lights in [[Canterbury Cathedral]], c. 1400, which contains medieval glass.]]

== Others ==

'''Germanium''' is another element used in semiconductors. Before transistors were in common use, germanium diodes were heavily used in radios.

'''Tin''' is considered a &quot;poor metal&quot;. It has two allotropes at STP: ''grey tin'' and ''white tin''.  Grey tin has non-metallic characteristics, but white tin is metallic.  Tin is used frequently as an alloy.  &quot;Tin cans&quot; are actually steel cans with a tin plating to resist corrosion.  ''Pewter'' is an alloy of copper and tin, containing mostly tin.  ''Bronze'' is an alloy of copper and tin containing mostly copper.  ''Solder'' is an alloy of tin and lead used for its low melting point for attaching wires.

'''Lead''' is a heavy, grey metal.  It had a tremendous number of uses, but it is now known to be a neurotoxin if ingested.  Water-carrying pipes were made out of lead, but they are now made from copper or plastic because lead could contaminate the water. Lead compounds especially if soluble in water (like lead acetate used as a preservative and sweetener of wines in Roman times) or stomach acids (like the lead oxide once used in paints) or in gaseous or liquid form (like tetraethyl lead once used in gasoline), and powdered lead are very dangerous. Use of lead in foodstuffs, paint, and vehicle fuels is now illegal almost everywhere.
 
{{Warning|Lead compounds and vapours are insidious poisons that accumulate in the brain and create learning disabilities and personality disorders.}}

Lead-crystal glass has lead oxide in it but so tightly bound with silica that it can't escape easily. Pencil 'leads' are not lead at all, but instead harmless graphite (really carbon) bound with clay. Lead remains useful in automobile batteries (that contain necessary sulfuric acid much more dangerous than lead) and in nuclear use as a shield against radiation much more dangerous than lead metal.    

{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
| 2 PbO(s) + PbS(s) → 3 Pb(s) + SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g)
|Lead '''oxides''' are easily [[General Chemistry/Redox Reactions/Oxidation and Reduction equations|reduced]].
|-
| Pb(s) + 8 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) → 3 Pb&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 6 NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 2 NO(g) + 4 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)
|Lead does not dissolve in hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, but it will dissolve in nitric acid because nitric acid is a strong oxidizer.
|-
| PbO(s) + 2 OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq)
|Lead(II) oxide will form '''plumbate(II)''' (&quot;plumbite&quot;) ions when added to basic solutions.
|-
| [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) → PbO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 2 Cl&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 2 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)
|Plumbites form lead(IV) oxide (&quot;lead dioxide&quot;) when oxidised by chlorine (&quot;chlorinated&quot;).
|-
| PbO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 2 OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 2 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq)
|Adding lead(IV) dioxide to a basic solution will form '''plumbate(IV)''' ions. This ion is an exception to the rule of thumb that hydroxide anions have 4 hydroxide ions (e.g. [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq), [Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq), [Cr(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq), [Zn(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq))
|}

== Group 5 == 

'''Group 5''' contains [[w:Nitrogen|nitrogen]], [[w:Phosphorus|phosphorus]], [[w:Arsenic|arsenic]], [[w:Antimony|antimony]], and [[w:Bismuth|bismuth]].  
Elements in Group 15 have five valence electrons. Because the elements can either gain three electrons or lose five to gain a stable configuration, they more often form covalent compounds unless bonded to an active metal. Their electron affinities are not very large. Metallic properties increase markedly from gaseous nitrogen to barely-metallic bismuth with increasing size and mass. Nitrogen and phosphorus are non-metallic, and arsenic and antimony are metalloids.

{{Info|The Group 5 elements are unique enough to be studied individually, rather than as a group.}}

These elements are much less reactive than the elements of [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 16|Group 16]], and their chemistries are more complicated. Most of the chemistry of these elements is in the +3 or +5 oxidation states, although they form gaseous compounds with hydrogen in the -3 oxidation state: ammonia NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, phosphine PH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, arsine AsH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, stibine AsH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and bismuthine BiH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;; these all burn in oxygen to give oxides or (in the case of nitrogen) the free element .

{{center|2 PH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 4 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)}}
{{center|NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 3 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)}}

All form oxides; nitrogen with difficulty, the others with ease.  Most of the oxides are acidic, exceptions being nitrous oxide N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, nitric oxide NO, and bismuth oxide Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. Except for nitrogen, typical oxides are in the +3 or +5 (bismuth excluded) oxidation states. All form [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 17|halides]] — nitrogen with difficulty, but those of phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony fully hydrolyze in water.

Nitrogen and phosphorus form important acids in the +5 oxidation state. Nitrogen forms nitric acid HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a substance used to create medicines and explosives (but this acid is corrosive and dangerous, so don't touch it or even spill it on anything), and salts known as '''nitrates''' such as potassium nitrate KNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, an important fertilizer. Phosphorus forms phosphoric acid, H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;; '''phosphates''' are salts of phosphoric acid.  Some phosphates are essential to respiration and thus life itself. General covalency of nitrogen family is 3.

== Nitrogen ==

[[Image:Nitrogen_Cycle.jpg|thumb|The ''nitrogen cycle'' shows how nitrogen is passed along organisms and the atmosphere.]]
Nitrogen occurs naturally as the diatomic gas N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.  It comprises about 78% of the air we breathe.  The bond holding the two nitrogen atoms together is triple covalent, so it is very strong.  Because of that, nitrogen is very unreactive.  It is used in many places when an inert gas is needed.  However, nitrogen will react with some substances:

{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
|6 Li(s) + N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 Li&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N(s)&lt;br&gt;
6 Mg(s) + 2 N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 Mg&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s)
|Although nitrogen gas is usually considered inert, it does react with some elements by burning.
|-
|Li&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N(s) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → 3 LiOH(aq) + NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g)&lt;br&gt;
Mg&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → 3 Mg(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + 2 NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g)
|The '''nitrides''' react violently with water to form ammonia gas and a [[General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases|basic]] solution.
|}

In its pure form, nitrogen is not very useful, and it will suffocate any animal that breathes pure nitrogen.  It is much more important when it is a component of ammonia, nitrate, oxides, or biomolecules like protein.  Due it is very unreactive nature, it is difficult to get nitrogen to react and form these useful substances.  Any process that can convert elemental nitrogen into a nitrogen compound is called '''nitrogen fixation'''.  Nitrogen fixation is biologically important because amino acids, proteins, and enzymes contain nitrogen.  It is commercially important because it is used in explosives, rocket fuels, and fertilizers.  

There are many nitrogen fixation reactions:
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
|N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 8 H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 8 e&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt; + '''energy''' ⇌ 2 NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g)
| This occurs in bacterial enzymes.  The ammonia (NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) quickly becomes ammonium (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;).  The nitrogen in the bacteria enters the soil where plants can absorb it.  Humans and animals that eat those plants can get the nitrogen in useful compounds.
|-
|N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) ⇌ 2 NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g)
|The '''Haber process''' is used for commercially producing ammonia.  This reaction only occurs at very high pressures and temperatures (around 20 MPa (≈200 atm) and 500 °C) and in the presence of an iron catalyst.  Also, the reaction occurs in somewhat complex equipment that must input pure reactants and extract the ammonia.
|} In the cold, dense, hydrogen-rich atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, nitrogen ordinarily exists combined with hydrogen as ammonia. 

Keep in mind that ammonia is a gas at STP. The household product called &quot;ammonia&quot; is actually an [[General Chemistry/Aqueous Solutions|aqueous solution]] of ammonium hydroxide (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;OH) that forms when ammonia gas is dissolved in water. Ammonia, quite unlike hydrogen compounds of Groups 16 and 17, is a base in its reactions, forming salts with weak and strong acids alike. Such a substance as ammonium chloride (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;Cl) is a soluble, strongly ionic salt.

Nitrogen compounds are often extremely unstable because nitrogen atoms in nitrogen compounds tend to recombine as nitrogen gas, which is a very favourable reaction. Many nitrogen compounds are explosive, including 2,4-DNPH, TNT and nitroglycerin. These explosives are in common use in construction projects for the demolition of buildings and other obstacles to new construction, or to get access to minerals in mining operations.

== Phosphorus ==

Phosphorus compounds are essential to life in the form of phosphates in bones and in the substances ADP and ATP that act as a reservoir of energy in cells.

[[Image:White phosphorus molecule.jpg|thumb|90px|left|White phosphorus atomic structure]]
Phosphorus has two common allotropes: red phosphorus and white phosphorus. Unlike nitrogen, phosphorus will not readily form a diatomic molecule with a triple bond. White phosphorus (P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) has a waxy appearance and turns yellow when exposed to light. When exposed to oxygen in the dark, it glows pale green. 

{{Warning|White phosphorus is extremely dangerous. It causes severe burns and is very toxic. It ignites with a very hot flame and can be explosive.}}.

Red phosphorus is an amorphous solid. It is more stable than twhite phosphorus but still dangerously reactive. Both forms of phosphorus are insoluble in water. Because white phosphorus is the most easily made allotrope, it is used as the standard state for calculations of energy changes. This gives red phosphorus the unusual exothermic Δ&lt;sub&gt;f&lt;/sub&gt;''H'' value of -17.6 kJ mol&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;.

The combustion of phosphorus produces phosphorus(V) oxide;

{{center|P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 5 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;(s)}}

Phosphorus pentoxide strongly reacts with water to form phosphoric acid. 

{{center|P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → 4 H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(aq)}}

Phosphorus(V) is the preferred oxidation state, though phosphorus(III) exists in a range of compounds. The inert pair effect is not strong enough in Period 3 to make the lower oxidation state stable relative to the higher state. Phosphorus(III) compounds tend to become oxidised to phosphorus(V), meaning that phosphorus(III) compounds are reducing agents. Phosphoric(III) acid (&quot;phosphorous acid&quot;) for example, will reduce mercury(II) chloride to elemental mercury:

{{center|H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + HgCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + Hg(l) + 2 HCl(aq)}}

== Others ==
[[Image:Bismuth-crystal.jpg|thumb|A crystal of bismuth, showing its colorful ''iridescent'' tarnish.]]

Arsenic is similar to phosphorus.  It has three allotropes: grey arsenic, yellow arsenic, and black arsenic.  Grey arsenic is the most common form.  Its structure is similar to graphite.

Antimony does not have physical properties of a metal, but behaves chemically as a non-metal.

{{Warning|Arsenic and antimony, as well as practically all of their compounds, are dangerous poisons.}}

Bismuth is a brittle, silvery metal. Bismuth ''is'' actually radioactive, decaying into thallium-205.  Because its ''half-life'' is 19 x 10&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt; years, about a million times the age of the universe, bismuth is usually considered stable.

Bismuth is much less radioactive than the nearly-harmless and unavoidable radioactive isotopes of carbon and potassium in living things.  Unlike arsenic and antimony, its compounds aren't toxic unless something else in the compound is itself toxic or the substance is very acidic or alkaline. In fact, a bismuth compound is very common in a heavily-used stomach medication that requires no prescription. 

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>slizwqkt297w3gf3ln1n8haled9314b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679031</id>
      <parentid>4679026</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:37:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ewen</username>
        <id>19329</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Nitrogen */</comment>
      <origin>4679031</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="30520" sha1="i44nmxidnp4yp0yuqef0q4gx17n8vdp" xml:space="preserve">= Group 3 =

'''Group 3''' consists of [[w:Boron|boron]], [[w:Aluminium|aluminium]], [[w:Gallium|gallium]], [[w:Indium|indium]], and [[w:Thallium|thallium]]. Boron is a metalloid, but the other elements are metals. All elements in this group have three valence electrons.

{{Info|Because these elements have varying properties, they will be studied element-by-element, rather than as a group.}}

== Boron ==

[[File:Borax_crystals.jpg|thumb|A borax crystal. Borax (a mineral containing boron) has many uses including laundry detergent.]]
[[File:Boroxin.png|100px|thumb|''Boroxin''. Notice boron's three bonds.]]
Boron is a '''metalloid''', exhibiting characteristics of both metals and non-metals. It is never found in its pure form in Earth, but it is a component of some minerals. However, pure boron can form as a result of chemical reactions. It can be a brown amorphous solid, or a crystalline solid. In the crystalline form, it is black and very hard.

Boron is a poor conductor of electricity at normal temperatures, but at high temperatures it does conduct electricity. Its chemical properties are mostly, but not entirely, non-metallic. Boron is the least electronegative non-metal, so it readily loses electrons when reacting. Boron is almost entirely in the +3 oxidation state. Boron has an oxide B&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and it is acidic.

{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
| BCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O → B(OH)'''_3''' + 3 HCl
| Boric '''halides''' are volatile substances that attack water with the formation of boric acid B(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; and hydrogen halides.
|-
| B(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O → B(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt; + H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;
| Boric '''acid''' reacts with water to release a proton.  It is a [[General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases|weak acid]].
|-
| 2 B&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; + 7 C → B&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;C + 6 CO
| Boric oxide, at extremely high temperatures, can react with carbon to form boron '''carbide'''.  Boron carbide is incredibly strong, finding use as tank armour.
|}

{{Info|In a manner similar to [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 14|carbon]], boron can form stable [[General Chemistry/Intermolecular bonds|covalent network]] solids.  Each boron atom bonds to three other borons, forming a large crystal.}}

Boron has interesting properties when it bonds covalently. It has three electrons, so it usually forms three single covalent bonds, an [[General Chemistry/Octet Rule and Exceptions|exception to the octet rule]] called '''electron deficiency'''. Substances like boron trichloride (BCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;), boric acid, and the borate ion (BO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3-&lt;/sup&gt;) are examples of boron's tendency to form three covalent bonds.

== Aluminium ==

Aluminium (American spelling aluminum) is a metal, although it is too reactive to exist in pure form. Instead, it is found in a wide variety of minerals including ''bauxite'', the primary source for extracting aluminium. Aluminium is the third most abundant element in Earth's crust.

[[File:Aluminum_Metal_coinless.jpg|thumb|Aluminium metal]]

Unlike boron, aluminium is an almost [[General Chemistry/Metallic bonds|stereotypical metal]] in its physical properties: it is malleable and ductile, and it conducts heat and electricity very well. Because of its lightness, resistance to corrosion, attractiveness (approaching that of silver), and inexpensiveness to process along with adequate strength for many commercial and domestic uses, it is the third-most used of all metals. Only iron and zinc exceed it in production.

Aluminium compounds typically exist in the +3 oxidation state. Because of its durability and light weight, aluminium is used in many '''alloys''', mixtures of metals. Two metals, each with desirable characteristics, can be mixed together to produce an alloy that has the properties of both metals. Aluminium used to be used for household wiring, but it expands too much when heated. The expansion causes the wires to come loose, and house fires can start.

Aluminium seems unreactive because of a thin, hard surface of aluminium oxide Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; which does not react with water or oxygen and preserves the aluminium metal underneath it from chemical attack. Pure aluminium will immediately form this layer when exposed to air. Although aluminium is very conductive, aluminium oxide does not conduct electricity.

[[File:Aluminium-trichloride-3D-structures.png|thumb|Aluminium trichloride]]
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
| Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) + 2 OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) → 2 [Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq)&lt;br&gt;Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 6 H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) → 2 Al&lt;sup&gt;3+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)

|Aluminium '''oxide''' is [[General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases|amphoteric]]—it reacts violently to neutralise strong bases or strong acids.
|-
| 2 Al(s) + 3 Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s)
| Reacting aluminium with a [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 18|halogen]] results in an aluminium '''halide'''.  Aluminium chloride can exist as an [[General Chemistry/Ionic bonding|ionic solid]] or a [[General Chemistry/Covalent bonds|covalent solid]], but either way it is a weak conductor.
|-
| AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + 3 NaOH(aq) → Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) +  3 NaCl(aq)
| Aluminium chloride is an acid, able to neutralise bases.
|-
| Fe&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 2 Al(s) → 2 Fe(l) + Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s)
| Molten aluminium reacts violently with some metal oxides in the '''thermite reaction''', in which a substance like iron oxide is [[General Chemistry/Chemical Reactions|reduced]] to iron and aluminium is oxidized to its oxide.  This is a highly exothermic reaction, releasing enough heat to weld metal.
|}

Generally, aqueous aluminium is found as a hydroxide Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. Aluminium hydroxide is amphoteric:

: Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) +  3 HCl(aq) → AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)
: Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(s) +  NaOH → NaAl(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(aq)

== Others ==

[[File:Gallium1_640x480.jpg|thumb|Gallium]]
Gallium is a brittle metal that melts slightly above room temperature, so holding it in your hand would liquefy it. One magic trick, the 'melting spoon' involves stirring a hot liquid (usually hot water) with a spoon specially made of gallium. The spoon melts in the water and 'disappears'. (The gallium simply sinks to the bottom of the cup; after the magic trick is done the 'magician removes the water and the molten gallium and pours the gallium into a mold that makes a new spoon for doing the trick again). Gallium is used in many semiconductor devices and LEDs (light emitting diodes). Gallium(III) arsenide is an important semiconductor used in many electronics.

Indium's most common isotope is radioactive and decays slowly into tin. Indium typically has the +3 oxidation state.

Thallium tends to appear in the +1 (thallous) oxidation state as well as the +3 (thallic) oxidation state. Oddly, thallium acts much like an [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 1|alkali metal]] in its physical and chemical properties. Thallous oxide (Tl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) and the metal react violently with water to form a hydroxide TlOH that completely dissociates into Tl&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and OH&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt; ions as if it were an alkali metal hydroxide. Its halides are quite salt-like, dissociating into ions into solutions that, like solutions of salts of the alkali metals, conduct electricity.

= Group 4 =

'''Group 4''' consists of [[w:Carbon|carbon]], [[w:Silicon|silicon]], [[w:Germanium|germanium]], [[w:Tin|tin]], and [[w:Lead|lead]].  Carbon is a non-metal, silicon and germanium are metalloids, and tin and lead are metals.

With 4 valence shell electrons, elements of the carbon family tend to form covalent compounds.  With increasing mass and atomic radius these elements become increasingly metallic and have lower melting and boiling points.

Group 4 elements form gaseous hydrogen compounds with difficulty. These are either unstable or combustible.  All but lead form oxides, sulfides, and halides in the +4 oxidation state. The +4 oxidation state predominates in carbon, silicon, and germanium; the +2 and +4 oxidation states both appear in tin, and the +2 oxidation state prevails in lead. Halides in the +4 state form for all of these elements, and they are covalent. 

Carbon compounds are much more [[General Chemistry/Covalent bonds|covalent]] than analogous compounds of silicon, germanium, tin, or lead. Even more significantly, carbon forms double and even triple bonds with itself or other elements, forming compounds that the heavier elements of this group cannot form like acetylene (C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;).  Silicon and the heavier elements of this group can form only single bonds. 

Thus carbon dioxide CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; is a gas at normal temperatures because the double bonds between carbon and oxygen create single molecules, but silicon dioxide SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; forms a hard rock known as quartz because it is a [[General Chemistry/Intermolecular bonds|covalent network solid]].  Each silicon atom bonds to four different oxygen atoms with single bonds, and each oxygen atom bonds with two silicon atoms.  Similar properties apply to the oxides of germanium, tin, and lead. Carbon dioxide dissolves in water to form carbonic acid, a weak acid that reacts with bases to form carbonates; oxides of the other elements of this group are practically nonreactive in water.

{{Info|Because of its unparalleled importance in chemistry, carbon is the main focus of study of the Group 4 elements.}}

== Carbon ==

Carbon is a very important element.  It is abundant in the earth and atmosphere, and it is found in the substances that make all living things.  Carbon has many properties that make it different from other elements, so it deserves thorough study.

=== Allotropes ===

[[Image:Eight_Allotropes_of_Carbon.png|thumb|200px|a) diamond; b) graphite; c) lonsdaleite; d/e/f) buckyballs; g) amorphous; h) nanotubes]]

''Allotropes'' are different forms of a pure element.  Carbon has several allotropes, three of which are common.

* '''Amorphous''' carbon is coal and soot.  The carbon molecules are covalently bonded, but there is no order or arrangement.
* '''Graphite''' occurs when carbon forms flat covalent networks.  These flat &quot;sheets&quot; are not bonded to each other, making them free to slide past each other.  Graphite composes the &quot;lead&quot; in pencils.
* '''Diamond''' occurs when carbon forms a three-dimensional covalent network.  Diamonds are much different from graphite and amorphous carbon.  They are transparent, brilliant-looking, and incredibly hard.  Diamond only forms at heat and intense pressures.

There are also several rare and exotic allotropes of carbon, including:

* '''Buckyballs''', or fullerenes, are spherical shaped balls of carbon.  Covalent bonds join the carbon atoms into a soccer ball pattern that looks much like the geodesic domes of Buckminster Fuller.  The most common buckyball, &quot;buckminsterfullerene&quot;, has the molecular formula C&lt;sub&gt;60&lt;/sub&gt;.  Buckyballs are large enough for a small atom to get trapped inside.
* '''Lonsdaleite''' forms upon meteorite impact with the Earth.
* Carbon '''nanotubes''' are incredibly small but rigid tubes made of carbon.  They are created in labs and are a subject of research.

Keep in mind that allotropes are composed of only one element.  In this case, these allotropes contain only carbon atoms and no other elements. If multiple ''compounds'' have different structures but the same molecular formula, they are called ''isomers''.

=== Inorganic Compounds ===

Although carbon is known mainly for its organic compounds, it does form many important inorganic compounds.

==== Oxides ====

''Oxides'' of carbon contain only carbon atoms and oxygen atoms.  There are two oxides that occur commonly:

* Carbon monoxide ('''CO'''): a poisonous gas released when carbon-based fuels burn in limited oxygen.
* Carbon dioxide ('''CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;'''): found naturally in the air, but too much is considered pollution.  Animals exhale carbon dioxide, and plants absorb it.  It is slightly acidic.  Carbon dioxide, when solid, is &quot;dry ice&quot;.

==== Compounds Derived from Oxides ====

'''Carbonic acid''' (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) forms when carbon dioxide is dissolved in water.  It is given by the reaction:
{{center/top}}CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) ⇌ H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq)
&lt;br&gt;
[[Image:Carbonic-acid-2D.svg|100px]] [[Image:Hydrogencarbonat-Ion.svg|71px]] [[Image:Carbonate-ion-localised-2D.png|71px]]&lt;br&gt;
In solution, carbonic acid (left) forms the anions '''hydrogencarbonate''' (centre) and '''carbonate''' (right).{{center/end}}

Carbonate ions have the formula CO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt; and hydrogencarbonate is HCO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;.

==== Ionic Compounds ====

Along with the oxyanions (carbonate and bicarbonate), carbon can form several other [[General Chemistry/Ionic bonding|ions]].
[[Image:Carbid.jpg|thumb|Calcium carbide CaC&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;]]

* Cyanide ('''CN&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;''')
* Cyanate ('''OCN&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;''')
* Thiocyanate ('''SCN&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;''')
* Carbides ('''C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2-&lt;/sup&gt;''' and '''C&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4-&lt;/sup&gt;''')

==== Alloys ====

Carbon is used in some '''alloys''', mixtures of metals.  If a small amount (between 0.2 % and 2.1 % by weight) of carbon is mixed into iron, the result is '''steel'''.

=== Organic Compounds ===

[[Image:Methane-2D-stereo.svg|thumb|150px|Methane]]
Compounds containing carbon (except for the above inorganic compounds) are considered '''organic'''.  They were once thought to be produced only by living things, but they have since been created in laboratories.  Most organic compounds contain hydrogen as well as carbon.

Many substances are organic compounds.  '''Polymers''' are organic compounds consisting of long chains of repeating patterns containing carbon and other atoms.  Plastics, rubbers, and nylon are all organic polymers.  '''Hydrocarbons''' are compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon, methane being a simple example.  Crude oil is a sludge of various hydrocarbons mixed together.  Propane, butane, and octane are well-known hydrocarbons used for fuel.  Perhaps the most interesting type of organic compound is the '''biomolecule'''.  Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids (fats), and nucleic acids (like DNA) are the most basic biomolecules.  They, too, are polymers (except for lipids), being made of long chains of small, repeating chemicals that have bonded together.  Biomolecules make up the chemicals found in the living cells that compose all living things.

Organic chemistry and biochemistry are very broad and thorough topics.  They are far outside the scope of General Chemistry.  Fortunately, your knowledge of General Chemistry is sufficient to begin the Wikibooks [[Organic Chemistry]] and [[Biochemistry]] if you are interested.

== Silicon ==

[[Image:Surface Mount Components.jpg|thumb|Transistor electronics exist because of silicon's semiconductor properties.]]
'''Silicon''' is found in ''semiconductors'', the basis of all electronic devices.  Its electron configuration allows it to donate or accept electrons.  When pure silicon is &quot;doped&quot; with elements that have more or fewer electrons than silicon, the slightly-impure silicon becomes a semiconductor.  These substances make up complex electronics by acting like a switch that can turn on or off depending on electrical signals.

Silicon does not exist uncombined in nature; it most commonly occurs in silica (including the very common rock quartz and most sand grains) and in silicates. Most silicates are insoluble. 

Silicon dioxide, a hard substance that melts only at high temperatures, is very different in its chemical properties from carbon dioxide, a gas until it freezes into dry ice. Molten silica can be cast as glass, a hard and useful material resistant to attack by almost all chemicals except fluorine, hydrofluoric acid, and strong alkalis. Glass is extremely useful in household containers and drinking utensils because it is resistant to chemicals, heat, and the attack of micro-organisms. Glass can be very clear if pure or containing certain chemicals, or it can take on attractive colours, making it a favourite material for art objects. Some small living creatures turn dissolved silica in the sea into their shells to create structure. A great variety of silicon compounds known as [[w:silicone|silicone]]s have widespread and varied uses.

{{Warning|Silica is not strictly a poison, but as an abrasive it can damage tissues if eaten or breathed by grinding against them. Asbestos, a silicate (and derivative of silica) breaks down to silica especially in lungs and does great damage.}}

[[File:Canterbury Cathedral window at crossing.jpg|thumb|220px|A large [[Perpendicular style]] [[Gothic architecture|Gothic]] window of eight lights in [[Canterbury Cathedral]], c. 1400, which contains medieval glass.]]

== Others ==

'''Germanium''' is another element used in semiconductors. Before transistors were in common use, germanium diodes were heavily used in radios.

'''Tin''' is considered a &quot;poor metal&quot;. It has two allotropes at STP: ''grey tin'' and ''white tin''.  Grey tin has non-metallic characteristics, but white tin is metallic.  Tin is used frequently as an alloy.  &quot;Tin cans&quot; are actually steel cans with a tin plating to resist corrosion.  ''Pewter'' is an alloy of copper and tin, containing mostly tin.  ''Bronze'' is an alloy of copper and tin containing mostly copper.  ''Solder'' is an alloy of tin and lead used for its low melting point for attaching wires.

'''Lead''' is a heavy, grey metal.  It had a tremendous number of uses, but it is now known to be a neurotoxin if ingested.  Water-carrying pipes were made out of lead, but they are now made from copper or plastic because lead could contaminate the water. Lead compounds especially if soluble in water (like lead acetate used as a preservative and sweetener of wines in Roman times) or stomach acids (like the lead oxide once used in paints) or in gaseous or liquid form (like tetraethyl lead once used in gasoline), and powdered lead are very dangerous. Use of lead in foodstuffs, paint, and vehicle fuels is now illegal almost everywhere.
 
{{Warning|Lead compounds and vapours are insidious poisons that accumulate in the brain and create learning disabilities and personality disorders.}}

Lead-crystal glass has lead oxide in it but so tightly bound with silica that it can't escape easily. Pencil 'leads' are not lead at all, but instead harmless graphite (really carbon) bound with clay. Lead remains useful in automobile batteries (that contain necessary sulfuric acid much more dangerous than lead) and in nuclear use as a shield against radiation much more dangerous than lead metal.    

{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
| 2 PbO(s) + PbS(s) → 3 Pb(s) + SO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g)
|Lead '''oxides''' are easily [[General Chemistry/Redox Reactions/Oxidation and Reduction equations|reduced]].
|-
| Pb(s) + 8 HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) → 3 Pb&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 6 NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 2 NO(g) + 4 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)
|Lead does not dissolve in hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, but it will dissolve in nitric acid because nitric acid is a strong oxidizer.
|-
| PbO(s) + 2 OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq)
|Lead(II) oxide will form '''plumbate(II)''' (&quot;plumbite&quot;) ions when added to basic solutions.
|-
| [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) → PbO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 2 Cl&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 2 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)
|Plumbites form lead(IV) oxide (&quot;lead dioxide&quot;) when oxidised by chlorine (&quot;chlorinated&quot;).
|-
| PbO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 2 OH&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 2 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;6&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq)
|Adding lead(IV) dioxide to a basic solution will form '''plumbate(IV)''' ions. This ion is an exception to the rule of thumb that hydroxide anions have 4 hydroxide ions (e.g. [Pb(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq), [Al(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq), [Cr(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq), [Zn(OH)&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;sup&gt;2–&lt;/sup&gt;(aq))
|}

== Group 5 == 

'''Group 5''' contains [[w:Nitrogen|nitrogen]], [[w:Phosphorus|phosphorus]], [[w:Arsenic|arsenic]], [[w:Antimony|antimony]], and [[w:Bismuth|bismuth]].  
Elements in Group 15 have five valence electrons. Because the elements can either gain three electrons or lose five to gain a stable configuration, they more often form covalent compounds unless bonded to an active metal. Their electron affinities are not very large. Metallic properties increase markedly from gaseous nitrogen to barely-metallic bismuth with increasing size and mass. Nitrogen and phosphorus are non-metallic, and arsenic and antimony are metalloids.

{{Info|The Group 5 elements are unique enough to be studied individually, rather than as a group.}}

These elements are much less reactive than the elements of [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 16|Group 16]], and their chemistries are more complicated. Most of the chemistry of these elements is in the +3 or +5 oxidation states, although they form gaseous compounds with hydrogen in the -3 oxidation state: ammonia NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, phosphine PH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, arsine AsH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, stibine AsH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, and bismuthine BiH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;; these all burn in oxygen to give oxides or (in the case of nitrogen) the free element .

{{center|2 PH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 4 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → P&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)}}
{{center|NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 3 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l)}}

All form oxides; nitrogen with difficulty, the others with ease.  Most of the oxides are acidic, exceptions being nitrous oxide N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, nitric oxide NO, and bismuth oxide Bi&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. Except for nitrogen, typical oxides are in the +3 or +5 (bismuth excluded) oxidation states. All form [[General Chemistry/Chemistries of Various Elements/Group 17|halides]] — nitrogen with difficulty, but those of phosphorus, arsenic, and antimony fully hydrolyze in water.

Nitrogen and phosphorus form important acids in the +5 oxidation state. Nitrogen forms nitric acid HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, a substance used to create medicines and explosives (but this acid is corrosive and dangerous, so don't touch it or even spill it on anything), and salts known as '''nitrates''' such as potassium nitrate KNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;, an important fertilizer. Phosphorus forms phosphoric acid, H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;; '''phosphates''' are salts of phosphoric acid.  Some phosphates are essential to respiration and thus life itself. General covalency of nitrogen family is 3.

== Nitrogen ==

[[Image:Nitrogen_Cycle.jpg|thumb|The ''nitrogen cycle'' shows how nitrogen is passed along organisms and the atmosphere.]]
Nitrogen occurs naturally as the diatomic gas N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;.  It comprises about 78% of the air we breathe.  The bond holding the two nitrogen atoms together is triple covalent, so it is very strong.  Because of that, nitrogen is very unreactive.  It is used in many places when an inert gas is needed.  However, nitrogen will react with some substances:

{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
|6 Li(s) + N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 Li&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N(s)&lt;br&gt;
6 Mg(s) + 2 N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → 2 Mg&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s)
|Although nitrogen gas is usually considered inert, it does react with some elements by burning.
|-
|Li&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N(s) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → 3 LiOH(aq) + NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g)&lt;br&gt;
Mg&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → 3 Mg(OH)&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + 2 NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g)
|The '''nitrides''' react violently with water to form ammonia gas and a [[General Chemistry/Properties and Theories of Acids and Bases|basic]] solution.
|}

In its pure form, nitrogen is not very useful, and it will suffocate any animal that breathes pure nitrogen.  It is much more important when it is a component of ammonia, nitrate, oxides, or biomolecules like protein.  Due it is very unreactive nature, it is difficult to get nitrogen to react and form these useful substances.  Any process that can convert elemental nitrogen into a nitrogen compound is called '''nitrogen fixation'''.  Nitrogen fixation is biologically important because amino acids, proteins, and enzymes contain nitrogen.  It is commercially important because it is used in explosives, rocket fuels, and fertilizers.  

There are many nitrogen fixation reactions:
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;15px&quot;
|N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 8 H&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;(aq) + 8 e&lt;sup&gt;–&lt;/sup&gt; + '''energy''' ⇌ 2 NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g)
| This occurs in bacterial enzymes.  The ammonia (NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) quickly becomes ammonium (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;).  The nitrogen in the bacteria enters the soil where plants can absorb it.  Humans and animals that eat those plants can get the nitrogen in useful compounds.
|-
|N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) + 3 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) ⇌ 2 NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(g)
|The '''Haber process''' is used for commercially producing ammonia.  This reaction only occurs at very high pressures and temperatures (around 20 MPa (≈200 atm) and 500 °C) and in the presence of an iron catalyst.  Also, the reaction occurs in somewhat complex equipment that must input pure reactants and extract the ammonia.
|} In the cold, dense, hydrogen-rich atmospheres of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, nitrogen ordinarily exists combined with hydrogen as ammonia. 

Keep in mind that ammonia is a gas at STP. The household product called &quot;ammonia&quot; is actually an [[General Chemistry/Aqueous Solutions|aqueous solution]] of ammonium hydroxide (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;OH) that forms when ammonia gas is dissolved in water. Ammonia, quite unlike hydrogen compounds of Groups 16 and 17, is a base in its reactions, forming salts with weak and strong acids alike. Such a substance as ammonium chloride (NH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;Cl) is a soluble, strongly ionic salt.

Nitrogen compounds are often extremely unstable because nitrogen atoms in nitrogen compounds tend to recombine as nitrogen gas, which is a very favourable reaction. Many nitrogen compounds are explosive, including 2,4-DNPH, TNT and nitroglycerin. These explosives are in common use in construction projects for the demolition of buildings and other obstacles to new construction, or to get access to minerals in mining operations.

Nitrogen has a range of oxidation states, including -3 (e.g. NH&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;), +3 (e.g. NF&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;) and +5 (e.g. HNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;).

The inert pair effect is weak in Period 2, so in theory the +5 oxidation state is more stable than +3. However, most reactions lead to lower oxidation states and the relative stability of the +5 state over +3 is not often observed.

Nitrogen cannot form hypervalent molecules such as NCl&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;, unlike phosphorus which readily forms PCl&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;. This limitation is attributed to nitrogen being unable to expand its outer shell of electrons beyond an octet, because it has no available d-orbital to hold the extra electrons. Phosphorus can use its 3d orbital to hold extra electrons, but there is no 2d orbital for nitrogen.

== Phosphorus ==

Phosphorus compounds are essential to life in the form of phosphates in bones and in the substances ADP and ATP that act as a reservoir of energy in cells.

[[Image:White phosphorus molecule.jpg|thumb|90px|left|White phosphorus atomic structure]]
Phosphorus has two common allotropes: red phosphorus and white phosphorus. Unlike nitrogen, phosphorus will not readily form a diatomic molecule with a triple bond. White phosphorus (P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;) has a waxy appearance and turns yellow when exposed to light. When exposed to oxygen in the dark, it glows pale green. 

{{Warning|White phosphorus is extremely dangerous. It causes severe burns and is very toxic. It ignites with a very hot flame and can be explosive.}}.

Red phosphorus is an amorphous solid. It is more stable than twhite phosphorus but still dangerously reactive. Both forms of phosphorus are insoluble in water. Because white phosphorus is the most easily made allotrope, it is used as the standard state for calculations of energy changes. This gives red phosphorus the unusual exothermic Δ&lt;sub&gt;f&lt;/sub&gt;''H'' value of -17.6 kJ mol&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;.

The combustion of phosphorus produces phosphorus(V) oxide;

{{center|P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 5 O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(g) → P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;(s)}}

Phosphorus pentoxide strongly reacts with water to form phosphoric acid. 

{{center|P&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;10&lt;/sub&gt;(s) + 6 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → 4 H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(aq)}}

Phosphorus(V) is the preferred oxidation state, though phosphorus(III) exists in a range of compounds. The inert pair effect is not strong enough in Period 3 to make the lower oxidation state stable relative to the higher state. Phosphorus(III) compounds tend to become oxidised to phosphorus(V), meaning that phosphorus(III) compounds are reducing agents. Phosphoric(III) acid (&quot;phosphorous acid&quot;) for example, will reduce mercury(II) chloride to elemental mercury:

{{center|H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + HgCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O(l) → H&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;PO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;(aq) + Hg(l) + 2 HCl(aq)}}

== Others ==
[[Image:Bismuth-crystal.jpg|thumb|A crystal of bismuth, showing its colorful ''iridescent'' tarnish.]]

Arsenic is similar to phosphorus.  It has three allotropes: grey arsenic, yellow arsenic, and black arsenic.  Grey arsenic is the most common form.  Its structure is similar to graphite.

Antimony does not have physical properties of a metal, but behaves chemically as a non-metal.

{{Warning|Arsenic and antimony, as well as practically all of their compounds, are dangerous poisons.}}

Bismuth is a brittle, silvery metal. Bismuth ''is'' actually radioactive, decaying into thallium-205.  Because its ''half-life'' is 19 x 10&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt; years, about a million times the age of the universe, bismuth is usually considered stable.

Bismuth is much less radioactive than the nearly-harmless and unavoidable radioactive isotopes of carbon and potassium in living things.  Unlike arsenic and antimony, its compounds aren't toxic unless something else in the compound is itself toxic or the substance is very acidic or alkaline. In fact, a bismuth compound is very common in a heavily-used stomach medication that requires no prescription. 

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>i44nmxidnp4yp0yuqef0q4gx17n8vdp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Googology</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>481965</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679203</id>
      <parentid>4669862</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:12:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Omphalographer</username>
        <id>3427146</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>RFD</comment>
      <origin>4679203</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3717" sha1="j746dybzeqxyd3rde9fhpl1m4tw9cyq" xml:space="preserve">{{rfd}}
{{Todo|Write Introduction.}}
{{status|0%}} {{shelves|Pure mathematics}} {{alphabetical|G}} {{reading level|advanced}} {{wikipedia}}

This book is about Googology, the study of large numbers. Readers are recommended to be familiar with basic arithmetic concepts, most importantly exponentiation. This book is for anyone who is unfamiliar with googological concepts such as notations and functions. The book is structured in a way that you have to read all previous sections in order to understand a section, so skipping sections is highly discouraged.

The book contains the fundamental notations in googology, such as the Fast-growing Hierarchy, Bird's Array Notation and the Bashicu Matrix System. A list of all googolisms (numbers relevant to googology) is available in the final section of the book.

== Table of Contents ==

* [[Googology/Cover|Cover]] 
* [[Googology/Introduction|Introduction]] 

=== Introduction to Googology {{stage short|0%|Mar 9, 2026}} ===

# [[Googology/What is Googology?|What is Googology?]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Difference Between Googology and Aritmetic|Difference Between Googology and Arithmetic]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Notations|Notations]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Functions|Functions]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}

=== Basic Googological Notations {{stage short|0%|Mar 9, 2026}} ===

# [[Googology/Powers of Ten and Scientific Notation|Powers of Ten and Scientific Notation]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Operations Greater Than Exponentiation|Operations Greater Than Exponentiation]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Bracket Notation|Bracket Notation]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}

=== Array Notations {{stage short|0%|Mar 9, 2026}} ===

==== BAN ====
# [[Googology/Linear Arrays|Linear Arrays]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Multidimensional Arrays|Multidimensional Arrays]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Hyperdimensional Arrays|Hyperdimensional Arrays]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Nested Arrays|Nested Arrays]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Beyond Nested Arrays|Beyond Nested Arrays]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
## [[Googology/Beyond Nested Arrays/Part 1|Part 1]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
## [[Googology/Beyond Nested Arrays/Part 2|Part 2]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
## [[Googology/Beyond Nested Arrays/Part 3|Part 3]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
## [[Googology/Beyond Nested Arrays/Part 4|Part 4]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
## [[Googology/Beyond Nested Arrays/Part 5|Part 5]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}

==== SAN ====

# [[Googology/LAN|Linear Array Notation]]
# [[Googology/exAN|Extended Array Notation]]
# [[Googology/EAN|EAN]]
# [[Googology/mEAN|mEAN]]
# [[Googology/pDAN|Primary Dropping Array Notation]]
# [[Googology/sDAN|Secondary Dropping Array Notation]]
# [[Googology/DAN|Dropping Array Notation]]

=== Ordinals {{stage short|0%|Mar 9, 2026}} ===

# [[Googology/Introduction to Ordinals|Introduction to Ordinals]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Fast-Growing Hierarchy|Fast-Growing Hierarchy]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/FGH Extensions|FGH Extensions]]
# [[Googology/Other Hierarchies|Other Hierarchies]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googology/Hierarchies in Array Notation|Hierarchies in Array Notation]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}

=== BMS and Y-Sequence {{stage short|0%|Mar 9, 2026}} ===

# [[Googology/Bashicu Matrix System|Bashicu Matrix System]] {{stage|0%|Mar 9, 2026}}
# [[Googolpgy/DBMS|DBMS]]
# [[Googology/Y-Sequence|Y-Sequence]]
# [[Googology/Other Sequences|Other Sequences]]

* [[Googology/Glossary|Glossary]]
* [[Googology/List of Googolisms|List of Googolisms]]
* [[Googology/References|References]]
[[Category:Shelf:Pure mathematics]]</text>
      <sha1>j746dybzeqxyd3rde9fhpl1m4tw9cyq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:Kingofnuthin</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>482248</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679205</id>
      <parentid>4633192</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:15:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Omphalographer</username>
        <id>3427146</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Googology */ new section</comment>
      <origin>4679205</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2397" sha1="13e2agfhbvjwikvx3x9g2fiterbdhph" xml:space="preserve">
== A belated welcome! ==

[[File:Chocolate chip cookies.jpg|thumb|The welcome may be belated, but the cookies are still warm! {{smiley}}]]

Here's wishing you a belated welcome to Wikibooks, Kingofnuthin! I see that you've already been around a while and wanted to thank you for [[Special:Contributions/Kingofnuthin|your contributions]]. Though you seem to have been successful in finding your way around, you may still benefit from following some of the links below, which help editors get the most out of Wikibooks:

* [[Wikibooks:Welcome|Welcome]]
* [[Wikibooks:What is Wikibooks|What is Wikibooks?]]
* [[Using Wikibooks]]

Need some ideas of what kind of things need doing? Try [[Wikibooks:Maintenance]].

I hope you enjoy editing here and being a [[Wikibooks:Wikibookians|Wikibookian]]! Again, welcome!  &lt;!-- Template:Welcome-belated --&gt;
[[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:38, 29 March 2026 (UTC)

== Some future Luna advice ==

If you want to avoid accidentally putting your user sandbox on RfD again, you can enable [[WB:LUNA#Debug mode|debug mode]]. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 00:40, 29 March 2026 (UTC)

== Your response about FlaggedRevs ==

I have decided on a compromise that we should probably consider discontinuing the user rights &lt;code&gt;autopatrol&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;patrol&lt;/code&gt; for autoreviewed users, bots, reviewers and admins. You may see [[Wikibooks:Reading room/General#c-Codename_Noreste-20260419203100-Codename_Noreste-20260322233000|my comment]] at the reading room for context. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#0024FF&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] ([[User talk:Codename Noreste|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Codename Noreste|contribs]]) 22:31, 29 April 2026 (UTC)

==[[:Googology]]==
{{tmbox|type=delete|text='''Kingofnuthin, please [[Wikibooks:Requests for deletion#Googology|share your thoughts]] about whether to [[WB:WIW|keep]] or [[WB:DP|delete]] &quot;[[:Googology|Googology]]&quot;.'''&lt;br /&gt;You are being notified because you have contributed to this work. [[User:Omphalographer|Omphalographer]] ([[User talk:Omphalographer|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Omphalographer|contribs]]) 07:15, 31 October 2026 (UTC)}}</text>
      <sha1>13e2agfhbvjwikvx3x9g2fiterbdhph</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/What Is A Literary Trope</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>483299</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679238</id>
      <parentid>4677839</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:36:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679238</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="947" sha1="f85rv3fvsplgd29fw41airn8438xzq6" xml:space="preserve">What Is A Literary Trope?

Storytellers often try to find the right form, or structure to shape their words around. In Literature, many vampire constructs have been created. A construct is an idea, or a conceptual model. A trope is a type of construct.  

'''What Is A Trope?'''

According to Merriam-Webster, a trope is &quot;a word or expression used in a figurative sense: Figure of Speech.&quot; 2. Cliche 3. Motif

[[mwod:trope|TROPE Definition &amp; Meaning - Merriam-Webster]]

A trope is a reoccurring plot device, motif, archetype, or theme used by storytellers. Tropes build structure. Think of a trope as a construct used by creators to build narratives.

Examples of popular trope plots include a &quot;love triangle&quot; or a &quot;damsel in distress.&quot;

[https://www.poetryfoundation.org/education/glossary/trope Trope | The Poetry Foundation]

&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Examples Of Literary Pitfalls|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>f85rv3fvsplgd29fw41airn8438xzq6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Examples Of Literary Pitfalls</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>483302</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679239</id>
      <parentid>4678059</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:36:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679239</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3192" sha1="mhcirzncy7v3j0s3njsprjaybe0xtc4" xml:space="preserve">== Examples Of Literary Pitfalls In Vampire Fiction ==

1. '''Overreliance on tropes without variation.''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Falls into pitfall:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Many Vampire films (1990s - 2000s). Because of their low budget, this film niche is known for recycling the same element: &lt;br&gt;
pale thin seducer, cape, castle, hypnotic gaze... without adding new meaning. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Avoids the pitfall: &lt;br&gt;
Anne Rice's ''Interview with the Vampire''. &lt;br&gt;
Rice keeps familiar traits such as immortality, and blood drinking, but adds moral conflict, complex relationships, and existential dread. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Why it matters: Readers want to recognize the vampire, yet not a copy-and-paste vampire. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
2. '''Telling instead of showing:''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Falls into pitfall: &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Some Young Adult, or YA novels (after Twilight's success). &lt;br&gt;
Instead of letting actions reveal, characters explain their feelings. 
[Ex: &quot;I was so scared,&quot; &quot;He was dangerous&quot;] 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Avoids the pitfall: Bram Stoker's '''Dracula'''. &lt;br&gt;
Fear is shown through letters, diary entries, and reactions, not direct explanation. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Why it matters: Showing creates immersion, telling creates distance. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
3. '''Inconsistent Worldbuilding:''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Falls in pitfall: &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The Underworld film series. Rules that govern vampire weaknesses, vampire strengths, and hybridization, shift between films. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Avoids the pitfalls: 
&lt;br&gt;
Buffy the Vampire Slayer. 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Why it matters: Readers trust worlds that obey their own logic.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
4. '''Flat or One-Dimensional Characters:''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Falls in pitfall: &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Early pulp vampire villains. They exist only as a plot device, no motive, or depth. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Avoid the pitfalls: &lt;br&gt;
Carmilla (Le Fanu) &lt;br&gt;
Carmilla is predatory, but also affectionate, lonely, and tragic. Emotionally layered. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Why it matters: Complexity makes monsters memorable.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
5. '''Overexplaining Lore''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Falls in pitfall:&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Some modern fantasy novels. &lt;br&gt;
They pause the story, in order to take long lore dumps. These dumps pause for too long. Dumps are often about vampire history, bloodlines and councils. &lt;br&gt;

Avoids the pitfall: &lt;br&gt;
Guillermo del Toro's ''The Strain'' &lt;br&gt;
Lore is revealed gradually through action, consequences, and investigation. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Why it matters: &lt;br&gt;
Readers want discovery, not lectures. 

6. '''Underdeveloped Stakes''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Falls in pitfall: &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Romantic vampire stories where everyone is immortal. &lt;br&gt;
If one can not die, stakes evaporate. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Avoids the pitfalls: &lt;br&gt;
The Lost Boys. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Why it matters: &lt;br&gt;
Stakes create tension, tension creates story. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
7. '''Forced Romance''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Falls into pitfall: &lt;br&gt;
Some paranormal romance series. Characters fall in love instantly. There is little believable development. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Avoid the pitfall: &lt;br&gt;
Buffy &amp; Angel (Buffy the Vampire Slayer)
Their relationship grows through sacrifice.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Why it matters: &lt;br&gt;
Earned emotion is powerful, forced emotion is empty inside.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Authors Who Created Vampire Tropes|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>mhcirzncy7v3j0s3njsprjaybe0xtc4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Vampire History</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>483372</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679246</id>
      <parentid>4678405</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:43:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679246</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6488" sha1="0r15wllq13blelz8n31hj3u5encymrf" xml:space="preserve">== '''Vampire History''' ==

Although reports of vampiric 'beings' have been recorded in cultures from around the world, the term ''vampire'' was coined in Western Europe, after being popularized following reports of mass hysteria during the 18th century. These reports fueled a pre-existing folk belief in vampires in Southeastern and Eastern Europe. [7]&lt;br&gt;
This delusion led to accusations of vampirism, and led to the corpses of suspected future vampires being pierced with wooden stakes.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In modern times, the vampire is generally held to be a fictitious entity. Early folk beliefs in vampires has sometimes been ascribed to the ignorance of decomposition, the body's process of decaying after death. &lt;br&gt;
Perhaps people in pre-industrial societies tried to reason about death, creating the vampire archetype to explain the mysteries of death. &lt;br&gt;
Porphyria was linked with vampirism in 1985, and generated many media reports in popular culture, but has largely been discredited. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt; 
Cultural practices, designed to keep the recently deceased from turning into a undead revenant, often arose around the world. &lt;br&gt;
For example, burying a corpse upside-down was widespread, as was placing earthly objects near the grave, in order to appease the dead, so they would stay in their coffins. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In Greek folklore, about the vrykolakas, a wax cross and piece of pottery with the inscription &quot;Jesus Christ conquers&quot; was put on the corpse, to prevent the body from turning into a vampire. [7]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Other methods popular in Europe, included disjoining the tendons at the knees, or placing poppy seeds, or sand on the grave site of a presumed vampire, this was to keep the vampire occupied all night by counting the grains. A similar Chinese narrative reports that if a vampiric being came across a sack of rice, it would have to count every grain. This archetype emerged in many myths from the Indian subcontinent, as well as in South American tales of witches and other mischievous beings. [7] 

[[wikipedia:Vampire|Vampire - Wikipedia]]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

 &lt;u&gt;'''Historic Media Vampiric Reports'''&lt;/u&gt;                                                                                                                                             &lt;br&gt;                                                                                                                                                                                                          

The 12th century British historians and chroniclers Walter Map and William of Newburgh recorded accounts of revenants. [1] [2]

An early recording of the time came from the region of Istria in modern Croatia, in 1672. Local reports reported a panic amongst the villagers, reacting on their belief that Jure Grando had become a vampire after dying in 1656, drinking his victim's blood and sexually harassing his widow. The leader of the village ordered a stake be driven through Grando's heart. His corpse was later beheaded. [3]

In the 18th century, the belief in vampires was once again on the rise. 

One infamous vampire occurrence involved the corpse of Peter Blagojevic from Serbia. At the age of 62, Blagojevic was reported as dead, but he allegedly returned after his death, asking his son for food. After the son refused, he was found dead the following day. It was believed that Blagojevic returned and attacked some of his neighbors who died from blood loss. [4]

Another infamous case, is of the ex-soldier-turned farmer, Milos Cecar. He was allegedly attacked by a vampire years before he died while haying. After his death, people in the surrounding area began to die. It was believed that Milos had returned from the dead to prey on his neighbors.

The Blagojevic and Cecar incidents were well-documented. Officials examined the bodies, wrote reports, and even published books, popular throughout Europe.

Many rural vampire attacks generated much superstition, and influenced actions taken by locals, such as digging up bodies, and in some cases, stalking them. Government officials joining the village people, engaged in the hunting and staking of vampires. [4]

The hysteria commonly referred to as the &quot;vampire controversy,&quot; continued for a generation. [5] Dom Augustine Calmet, a French Theologian and Scholar, published a comprehensive treatise in 1751 titled '''Treastise on the Apparitions of Spirits and on Vampires or Revenants''' which investigated and analyzed the evidence for vampirism.

In modern day Romania, in February 2004, Toma Petre's relatives, fearing he had become a vampire, dug up his corpse. They tore out his heart, burned it, then mixed its ashes with water, to better drink it. [6]  
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
'''Question: What did we learn from periods of mass vampire hysteria, and how did this change cultural practices, human behavior or society?''' 

Answer: People learned better burial methods, and better techniques for treating the dead. The 1985 media scare that mistakenly linked porphyria, a rare blood disorder, to vampirism shaped late-80s subcultures, and modern vampire tropes. People became more aware of porphyria, and the people effected by the disorder. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;

==== References: ====
1. Cohen, Daniel (1989). The Encyclopedia of Monsters: Bigfoot, Chinese Wildman, Nessie, Sea Ape, Werewolf and many more ... London: Michael O'Mara Books Ltd. {{ISBN|978-0-948397-94-3}}.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
2. William of Newburgh; Halsall, Paul (2000). &quot;Book 5, Chapter 22–24&quot;. Historia rerum Anglicarum. Fordham University. Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 16 October 2007 &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
3. Bohn, Thomas M. (2019). The Vampire: Origins of a European Myth. Cologne: Berghahn Books. pp. 47–49. {{ISBN|978-1-78920-293-9}}. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
4. Barber, Paul (1988). Vampires, Burial and Death: Folklore and Reality. New York: Yale University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-300-04126-2}}. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
5. Melton, J. Gordon (1994). &quot;Vampire&quot;. The Vampire Book. Visible Ink Press. p. 630. the vampire controversy of the 1730s [p.467] ... the eighteenth-century vampire controversy [p. 630] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
6. Taylor, T. (28 October 2007). &quot;The real vampire slayers&quot;. The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 19 December 2007. Retrieved 14 December 2007 &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
7. &quot;Vampire.&quot; Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, October 26, 2026
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire &lt;br&gt; &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Scientific Evidence|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>0r15wllq13blelz8n31hj3u5encymrf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/What Is A Historical Construct</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>485330</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679244</id>
      <parentid>4678392</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:41:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679244</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2107" sha1="l3nchj7ixfbvw8r0isq6a231nhmdh8j" xml:space="preserve">== What Is A Historical Construct? ==
&lt;br&gt;
A historical construct is an idea that groups human behavior and human actions together, bound by social norms. 

According to ThoughtCo.com &quot;A historical construct is an idea, concept, or category created, shaped, and given meaning by human societies during a specific period. Rather than being fixed, natural, or absolute truths, historical constructs emerge from specific cultural, political, and economic conditions and change as history unfolds.&quot; [1]

An example of a historical construct are men who belong to the Whig party wearing wigs. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Collective beliefs form most historical constructs. These beliefs evolve as we gather better information. As human perspectives change, our mental constructs change. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Many writers attempt to reconstruct History from new perspectives, or through a modern cultural lens. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
A '''history construct''' is an interpretation of the past shaped by the selection, framing, and cultural biases of the people who write or tell it, rather than an unalterable objective mirror of what happened. [2] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Historians organize facts to tell a story. They build  history constructs, or a history thesis, that is then strengthened by answering questions such as: who, what, why, when, where, and how? &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Key Differences
|-
! Feature !! Literary Construct !! Historical Construct
|-
| '''Primary Material''' || Imagination, language, plot, and tropes || Documents, artifacts, timelines, and archives
|-
| '''Primary Goal''' || Enjoyment, Aesthetic experience || Chronological or analytical understanding of the past
|-
| '''Relationship to Fact''' || May use real settings, but places story over facts || Aims to reconstruct or interpret actual occurrences
|-
| '''Check on Validity''' || Does the story work? || Is the claim supported by historical evidence?
|}

==== Reference: ====
1. https://www.thoughtco.com/social-constructionism-4586374  
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Factual Basis For Vampires|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>l3nchj7ixfbvw8r0isq6a231nhmdh8j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Cultural Construct</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>485405</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679233</id>
      <parentid>4677820</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:32:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679233</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4255" sha1="pnisv7deq6xe4q6vedqz5ks9eqv7pp0" xml:space="preserve">== What Is A Cultural Construct? ==
According to Merriam-Webster, to '''construct''' (verb) means to make or form by combining or arranging parts or elements: Build. [4] &lt;br&gt;
For example: One can construct a building, or a thesis. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
A '''construct''' is (noun) something constructed by the mind: such as a theoretical entity, or concept. [4] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
According to studysmarter, &quot;Cultural constructs are the socially and historically developed ideas and practices that shape the way individuals perceive and interact with their world, influencing aspects like norms, values, and beliefs.&quot; [1] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
One writer on Quora writes: &quot;So, sexual reproduction is biological in origin. On the other hand, the gendered idea that male babies have blue-colored toys and nursey decorations, but female babies have pink-colored toys and nursery decorations, is a cultural construct.&quot; [2] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
A cultural construct is an idea, belief, or pattern of behavior that a society creates and passes down through shared experience. Cultural constructs are not universal or natural; they emerge from a community’s history, environment, values, fears, and storytelling traditions. They help define how a culture understands the world and how it teaches meaning to its members.

Examples of cultural constructs include beauty standards, taboos, rituals, moral lessons, and supernatural beings. These constructs reveal what a society protects, what it fears, and what it considers important.

Vampires as Cultural Constructs: &lt;br&gt;
Vampires are not simply fictional monsters. They are cultural responses to real concerns within the communities that created them. Each tradition’s vampire reflects specific social anxieties, spiritual beliefs, and historical conditions.

Different cultures developed different vampire figures because they faced different threats and held different worldviews. For example, some traditions focus on improper burial, others on spiritual imbalance, and others on community betrayal. These variations show how cultural constructs adapt to local needs and values.

Using Cultural Constructs in Vampire Lore: &lt;br&gt;
Writers can use cultural constructs to create richer and more respectful vampire lore. Instead of inventing traits randomly, writers can build vampires from the logic of a culture’s worldview.

This process begins by identifying the fears and values of the culture being represented. A vampire may embody a fear of contamination, betrayal, spiritual imbalance, or loss of identity. It may violate a cultural value such as purity, lineage, ritual correctness, or community cohesion.

By grounding vampire traits in cultural meaning, writers create lore that feels authentic rather than generic.
&lt;br&gt;
=== What Is A Cultural Vampire Construct? ===
&quot;A cultural vampire construct is a theoretical framework in cultural studies and literary criticism that views the vampire not just as a monster, but as a symbol created by society to represent deeper anxieties, power dynamics, and economic systems.&quot; [3] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Q: How do people treat vampires in Fiction? &lt;br&gt;
Q: What cultural constructs in Fiction limit a vampire character from developing? &lt;br&gt;
Q: What ideas or beliefs help, or harm, vampires in Fiction? &lt;br&gt;
Q: Does the vampire symbolize something greater? &lt;br&gt;
Q: What cultural fears can the vampire character reflect?

&lt;br&gt;

==== References: ====
1. &quot;Cultural Construct.&quot; Studysmarter.co.uk [https://www.studysmarter.co.uk/explanations/anthropology/cultural-anthropology/cultural-constructs/ www.studysmarter.co.uk - Cultural Construct]  Accessed October 21, 2026&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
2. Wheeler, Kip &quot;What is the meaning of 'cultural construct?' 2021 quora.com &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
3. SSRN eLibrary https://papers.ssrn.com Zurutuza, Kristian Perez. The Vampire as the Gender and Racial Construction of Western Capitalism's White Masculinity in English and American Gothic Literature. Date Written: November 1, 2015 &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
4. &quot;Construct.&quot; Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/construct. Accessed October 21, 2026. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Historical And Cross Cultural Origins Of Vampire Archetypes|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;


{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>pnisv7deq6xe4q6vedqz5ks9eqv7pp0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Vampires In Popular Culture</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>485406</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679242</id>
      <parentid>4677844</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:39:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679242</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1985" sha1="7on6wpm84uy3dx7jcgzk3fmok8svn08" xml:space="preserve">== How Have Vampires Shaped Popular Culture In America? ==
In America, vampires (although fictional) have shaped our popular culture by serving as a type of mirror, reflecting our societal fears, and our hidden attraction towards antiheroes. Vampires currently serve as templates for romantic protagonist and are a dominate archetype across many medias: film, television and literature. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

'''In Popular Culture Vampires Are:''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
- '''''The Universal Outsider''''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Most vampires represent marginalized groups, or symbolize the rebel rejecting strict societal norms. This makes vampires a popular symbol of rebellion and otherness. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
- '''''Cinematic Icons''''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In 1931 the Actor Bela Lugosi portrayed the most iconic vampire in a film. In Dracula, Lugosi cemented the vampire's iconic look with a long cape, sophisticated dress, and a hypnotic charm. This film shaped how vampires were portrayed in films, in popular culture. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt; 
- '''''Reflections Of National Anxieties''''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In popular culture, vampires are frequently used to represent marginalized groups, such as immigrants, outsiders, or gay males who try to blend into mainstream society. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Through film, vampire &quot;mania&quot; reflected national fears. The blaxploitation film, Blacula, reflected racial tensions found in real African-American communities during the 1970s. The AIDS epidemic influenced dark horror films made during the 1980s. &lt;br&gt;
The films reflected the fears the general public felt surrounding AIDS. &lt;br&gt; 
After 9-11, American cinema swarmed with horror films centered on survival during post-apocalyptic times. &lt;br&gt;   
&lt;br&gt; 
- '''''The Seductive Antihero'''''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Anne Rice's influential novel &lt;u&gt;Interview with the Vampire&lt;/u&gt;, released in 1976, gave vampires emotional depth, a deepened sensuality, and a tormented awareness. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Vampires Memes|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>7on6wpm84uy3dx7jcgzk3fmok8svn08</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Maxima/Programming</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>485506</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679109</id>
      <parentid>4678963</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T03:28:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Idavidmiller</username>
        <id>3577687</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Macros – ::= and buildq Operators */ Work in progress. Saving Changes.</comment>
      <origin>4679109</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="53342" sha1="kcdz28j3zp182tzt6155ntlbmm6npxs" xml:space="preserve">=Maxima Programming=
Although Maxima is not a general-purpose programming language, Maxima as a CAS includes among the built-in ingredients a relatively complete set of programming expressions that are useful for the intended context. Many of the code examples of this section are intended to be illustrative of technical details relevant to Maxima programming as their purpose, and consequently are intentionally elementary in character.

Learning any sort of programming language, including Maxima programming expressions, is a subjective process. In any case, it is essential to have enough technical know-how specific to the programming language in order to begin the learning process, even in cases where much positive transfer from other programming experience is involved.

Much can be accomplished mathematically using Maxima without having to resort to in-depth knowledge and proficiency in the technical details of Maxima programming expressions. However, Maxima programming expressions are frequently essential for the purpose of defining functions, both in the programming sense of the term, but also more relevantly, for the mathematical sense. For that reason alone, familiarity and sufficient proficiency with Maxima programming expressions should be given some attention.

One way to begin the learning process is to become familiar with enough of the programming essentials to accomplish independent efforts toward accomplishing some specific programming goal of interest.  The other way is to study the many available programming expressions of others. This section is intended to provide the essentials toward learning by whatever means are chosen.

The following table shows some built-in ingredients related to Maxima programming expressions:
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Maxima Programming Category
|if
|unless
|errcatch
|prederror
|-
|block
|for
|error
|return
|-
|catch
|from
|warning
|throw 
|-
|local
|thru
|errormsg
|sstatus
|-
|garbage_collect
|step
|errormsg
|status
|-
|do
|next
|go
|
|-
|while
|in
|
|
|}

Some of these programming expression ingredients can also be considered as belonging to one or more other categories than the Programming category.

=== Block Expressions ===
Arguably, the first expressions to consider in the context of Maxima programming are '''''block''''' expressions. All &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions as programming ingredients come in two flavors:

* &lt;code&gt;( expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt; )&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;block ([v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,v&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…,v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;], expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt;

The first form of a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is equivalent to the second form, but without the first list argument: &lt;code&gt;[v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,v&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…,v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/code&gt;, as in &lt;code&gt;block (expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, unless &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operators are used in the block expression. In that, case the form &lt;code&gt;block (expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt; must be used. It should be noted that for Maxima to interpret of the syntax of the first of these forms as a block operator, there must be at least two expressions in the comma-separated sequence of expressions as arguments. Otherwise, Maxima will interpret the parentheses of this syntax as simply grouping related to the precedence order of operations.

The purpose of the list argument,  &lt;code&gt;[v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;,v&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…,v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/code&gt; is to declare the values of identifiers of the list to be local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt;. If there is no need for local identifiers, the list argument can be omitted (unless &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operators are used in the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression), and either form is sufficient.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* This block expression */
(%i1)	(x : 2, x^2);
(%o1)	4

/* Is equivalent to this block expression */
(%i2)	block (x : 2, x^2);
(%o2)	4&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;So, in the case where values of identifiers local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; of expressions are not required, then the choice of either form of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is a matter of user preference. In both cases, the values of identifiers referenced in the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; are global, and not local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. However, for the sake of clarity and consistency use of the latter form may be a better choice. &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* The value 3 assigned to x is global */
(%i3)	x : 3;
(x)	    3

/* The value 2 assigned to x in the block is global */
(%i4)	(x : 2, x^2);
(%o4)	4

/* The global value assigned to x in the block is 2 not 3 */
(%i5)	x;
(%o5)	2
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;Values of identifiers local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; may not be global:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* the value of identifier y is local only */
(%i6)	block ([y], y : 4, y);
(%o6)	4

/* the global value of identifier y is not 4, but is itself */
(%i7)	y;
(%o7)	y

/* the values of identifiers x and y are both local */
(%i8)	block ([x,y], x : 3, y : 4, x);
(%o8)	3

/* the global value of identifier x is not 3, but is 2 */
(%i9)	x;
(%o9)	2

/* the global value of identifier y is not 4, but is itself */
(%i10)	y;
(%o10)	y&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

Regardless of the form of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions these have in common the comma-separated expression arguments &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;  which are evaluated each in turn from first to last (unless the evaluation sequence is modified by by the &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;throw&lt;/code&gt;, or &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operators), and the value of the block expression is the value of &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;. 

The main purpose of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, regardless of the form, is to group expressions that are related in some manner, and the value of the last expression may be the only value of interest. However, there are very few limitations imposed on the nature of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression arguments, so it might be the case that the purpose of evaluating the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression has been achieved before the last expression argument is evaluated, in which case the value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression may not necessarily be the value of the last argument expression.

One way to accomplish that is to use an empty string as the last argument expression with the option flag &lt;code&gt;stringdisp&lt;/code&gt; set to &lt;code&gt;false&lt;/code&gt; which is the default value.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i11)	stringdisp;
(%o11)	false

(%i12)	block ([x,y], x : 3, y : 4, x, &quot;&quot;);
(%o12)	

(%i13)	block ([x,y], x : 3, y : 4, x)$
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
The display of the value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression may be suppressed using a &lt;code&gt;$&lt;/code&gt; to end the input expression instead of a semi-colon. Either technique produces a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression value, but the value is not displayed. If a &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator is evaluated as a argument expression, this will cause evaluation of expression arguments to end explicitly, and the value of the &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator becomes the value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i14)	is (equal (x, 2));
(%o14)	true

%i15)	block (if is (equal (x, 2)) then return (x), &quot; x not 2&quot;);
(%o15)	2

(%i16)	x : 3;
(x)	3

(%i17)	block (if is (equal (x, 2)) then return (x), &quot;x not 2&quot;);
(%o17)	x not 2
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;When a &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator is evaluated within a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression the result is to stop evaluation of expressions within the enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression and to return the value of its argument as the value of the enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. It therefore can be compared with the &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; statement found in other programming languages, but with one difference: In Maxima, the &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator affects only the block expression in which the &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator is an expression, and has no effect otherwise.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;(%i18)	test_nested_block (val) := 
	block (
		  [outer_var : 10],
		  print(&quot;Entering outer block expression&quot;),
		  
		       /* inner block expression */
		       block(
		           [inner_var : 20],
		           print (&quot;      Entering inner block expression&quot;),
	        
		           if val &gt; 5 then
	        
	               /* another inner block expression */  
	               block (
	               print (&quot;   val &gt; 5&quot;),
	               print (&quot;   Returning only to inner block expression&quot;),
		           return (inner_var + val)
	        	   /* returns only to the inner block expression */
	               ),
	               /* end of another inner block expression */
	        
	               print (&quot;   inner_var + val is &quot;, inner_var + val)
		           ),     
	               /* end of inner block expression */
		  
		  print (&quot;Back in outer block expression&quot;),
		  outer_var + val
		  
	/* end of outer block expression */
	)$

(%i19)	test_nested_block (1);
Entering outer block expression
      Entering inner block expression
      inner_var + val is 21
Back in outer block expression
(%o19)	11

(%i20)	test_nested_block (6);
Entering outer block expression
      Entering inner block expression
      val &gt; 5
      Returning only to inner block expression
Back in outer block expression
(%o20)	16&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


'''''The &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; operators''''': Each instance may define local variables and has a comma-separated sequence of expressions as arguments.

'''''Nested blocks''''': There are three &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; operators used in the right-hand side of the function definition expression named &lt;code&gt;test_nested_block (val&lt;/code&gt;. There is an outer &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression that has an inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression as an argument,and there is a third &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression that is an argument of the inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression.

'''''The &lt;code&gt;return&lt;/code&gt; operator''''': If &lt;code&gt;val &gt; 5&lt;/code&gt; is &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt; then the return operator of the most inner  &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is evaluated and evaluation of remaining expressions of that block expression does not occur. The value of that most inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is the value of the argument of the return operator –  &lt;code&gt;inner_var + val&lt;/code&gt;. 

Evaluation of expressions continues with the first expression of the inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression after the end of the most inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression  – which is &lt;code&gt;print (&quot;   inner_var + val is &quot;, inner_var + val)&lt;/code&gt;. The value of the &lt;code&gt;print&lt;/code&gt; operator is the value of  &lt;code&gt;inner_var + val&lt;/code&gt;. However, while that value is the value of the inner &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression it is effectively lost, as it is not the last expression of the outer &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; sequence of expressions.  That value is the value of &lt;code&gt;outer_var + val&lt;/code&gt;, which, being the last expression of the outer &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; is always the value of the function.

==== Block Expression Evaluation Sequence Modifications ====
&lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression arguments &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,…, expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;  are generally evaluated each in turn from first to last, and the value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is the value of &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt; unless this sequence is modified by some means.

One way to modify the first-to-last expression evaluation sequence of a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression is by way of a &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operator with a ''label'' (or ''&quot;tag&quot;'') argument ( the ''&quot;go to&quot;'') as the following exemplifies:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i18)	sum_to_n (n) := block ( [i : 1, total : 0],
	                             loop,
	                                total : total + i,
	                                i : i + 1,
	                                if i &lt;= n then go (loop),
	                             total)$

(%i19)	sum_to_n(25);
(%o19)	325

(%i20)	n;
(%o20)	n

(%i21)	i;
(%o21)	i

(%i22)	total;
(%o22)	total
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;


Note the following:

* &lt;code&gt;'''block ([ i : 1,total : 0], ...)'''&lt;/code&gt;: The list argument creates a local environment with local identifiers &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;total&lt;/code&gt;. The function argument &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt; is also a local identifier.
* &lt;code&gt;'''loop'''&lt;/code&gt;: This label serves as a target inside the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression to where &lt;code&gt;go (loop)&lt;/code&gt; can jump.
* &lt;code&gt;'''if i &lt;= n then go (loop)'''&lt;/code&gt;: This conditional expression causes the &lt;code&gt;go (loop)&lt;/code&gt; operator to be evaluated if the condition is &lt;code&gt;true&lt;/code&gt;.
* &lt;code&gt;'''total'''&lt;/code&gt;: The value of this local identifier is the returned value of the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression.
It should also be worth noting that the identifiers &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt;, and &lt;code&gt;total&lt;/code&gt; have local values assigned within the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, but their global values are themselves. Also notice that the identifiers &lt;code&gt;i&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;total&lt;/code&gt; were both declared local and assigned initial values within the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; list argument.

The ''go-to'' label argument of the &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operator must be the name of a tag appearing within the same block expression. The &lt;code&gt;go&lt;/code&gt; operator cannot be used to go to a tag in a different &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. There is nothing special about the &lt;code&gt;loop&lt;/code&gt; identifier name used for the go-to tag in this example. Other identifiers could be used, but they must be atomic.

Another way to modify a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression evaluation sequence is by way of the &lt;code&gt;throw&lt;/code&gt; operator.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;(%i32)	/* Define a function using a block expression that searches 
	     for a specific condition and a throw value to catch */
	
	find_element (target_list, threshold) := block (
	      
	    [found_val : false], /* local identifier value */
	    
	      catch(
	          
	        for x in target_list do 
	          (
	              if x &gt; threshold then 
	                (
	                  /* Immediately exit the block and 
	                     return this value */
	                  throw (x)
	                  )
	            ),
	          /* This string is returned only if the do loop 
	             finishes without a throw to catch */
	                 &quot;No element exceeded the threshold&quot;
	      )
	    
	)$

(%i31)	/* Test the block */
	find_element ( [10, 20, 55, 80], 50 );
(%o31)	55&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;This example unpacks as follows:

&lt;code&gt;'''catch (...)'''&lt;/code&gt;: This expression creates a target scope that ''&quot;catches&quot;'' the value of any &lt;code&gt;throw&lt;/code&gt; expression evaluated within that scope.

&lt;code&gt;'''throw (x)'''&lt;/code&gt;: When Maxima encounters this operator, it immediately stops evaluation of the &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; loop expression '''''and the rest of the''''' &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; '''''expression.''''' It jumps directly out of the scope of the &lt;code&gt;catch&lt;/code&gt; expression, returning the value of &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; as the value of the entire &lt;code&gt;catch&lt;/code&gt; expression.

==== Nested Block Expressions ====
&lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; operators may appear within other block expressions as arguments – '''''nested''''' &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions. A local environment with local identifiers may be created for nested block expressions. Local values for identifiers, if declared by a first &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; operator list argument, are created each time a nested &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; is evaluated.  

However, identifiers with global values that have not been declared as local within any &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions, are global values for nested &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions as well as enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions. Likewise, local identifiers of any enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression have values that are global within any enclosed blocks, if not declared as local within the enclosed block. If the value of an identifier is not local in a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, its value is the value most recently assigned by an enclosing &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, if any value has been assigned. Otherwise, it is the value of the identifier in the global environment. &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i23)	z : 2^(1/3);
(z)	2^(1/3)

(%i24) /* Outer block starts */
	block 
	(
	 [x : 10, y : 20],
	 /* values of x and y declared local to outer block */
	  
	 /* Inner block starts */
	     block 
	     (
	      [y : 99, z : 100], 
	      /* values of y and z declared local to inner block */
	      print (&quot;Inside inner block:&quot;),
	      print (&quot;x =&quot;,  x, &quot;is the value of x from outer block&quot;),
	      print (&quot;y =&quot;,  y, &quot;is the local value of y of outer block&quot;),
	      print(&quot;z =&quot;,  z, &quot;is the local value of z of inner block&quot;)
	     ),
	 /* Inner block ends */
	 
	 /* Outer block resumes */
	 print (&quot;Back in outer block:&quot;),
	 print (&quot;x =&quot;,  x, &quot;is the value of x from outer block&quot;),
	 print (&quot;y =&quot;,  y,  &quot;is the restored value of y of the outer block&quot;),
	 print (&quot;z =&quot;,  z,  &quot;is the value of z global to both blocks&quot;)
	 /* Outer block ends */
	)$
	
Inside inner block:
x = 10 is the value of x from outer block
y = 99 is the local value of y of outer block
z = 100 is the local value of z of inner block
Back in outer block:
x = 10 is the value of x from outer block
y = 20 is the restored value of y of the outer block
z = 2^(1/3) is the value of z global to both blocks
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==== Values, Properties, and the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; Operator ====
The expression &lt;code&gt;local (v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, v&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ... , v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt; within a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression saves the '''''properties''''' associated with the symbols &lt;code&gt;v&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, v&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ... , v&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/code&gt;, removes any properties before evaluating other expressions, and restores any saved properties on exit from the block.

Because Maxima is an application based on the Common Lisp programming language, it utilizes Lisp '''''symbol''''' structure. Lisp symbols are objects that carry their own &quot;dictionary&quot; of attributes. A Lisp symbol's internal property list (''plist'') is a built-in data structure attached directly to a symbol. Maxima uses this underlying Lisp symbol structure to associate '''''properties''''' with Maxima identifiers.

Properties of identifiers can be ''declared explicitly'' by users. &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i23)	declare (x, real);
(%o23)	done
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;
However, some identifier property declarations are ''implemented implicitly'' as properties of a symbol, including &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;array&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;dependencies&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;atvalue&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;matchdeclare&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;atomgrad&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;constant&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;nonscalar&lt;/code&gt;, &lt;code&gt;assume&lt;/code&gt;, and some others. Below is a description of how each of those specific declarations is implemented as a property under the hood:

====== Functions and Arrays ======
* '''&lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; (Function Definition):''' When you define a function using &lt;code&gt;f(x) := x^2&lt;/code&gt;, the actual expression (&lt;code&gt;x^2&lt;/code&gt;) and its argument list (&lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;) are stored as a property of the symbol &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt;.
* '''&lt;code&gt;array&lt;/code&gt;:''' When you declare or use a subscripted array (like &lt;code&gt;a[i]&lt;/code&gt;), the array type, dimensions, and memory pointer are attached as a property to the symbol &lt;code&gt;a&lt;/code&gt;. This differentiates it from a standard scalar variable.

====== Calculus and Dependencies ======
* '''&lt;code&gt;dependencies&lt;/code&gt;:''' If you declare &lt;code&gt;depends(y, x)&lt;/code&gt;, Maxima attaches a dependency list property to &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; noting that it functionally depends on &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;. This tells the &lt;code&gt;diff&lt;/code&gt; (differentiation) engine not to treat &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt; as a constant relative to &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;.
* '''&lt;code&gt;atvalue&lt;/code&gt;:''' When you define a specific value for an expression at a boundary point (e.g., &lt;code&gt;atvalue(y, x=0, 1)&lt;/code&gt;), this boundary constraint is stored as an evaluation property on the symbol &lt;code&gt;y&lt;/code&gt;.
* '''&lt;code&gt;atomgrad&lt;/code&gt;:''' This assigns a specific gradient or derivative to an atomic identifier (e.g., telling Maxima what (df/dx) is explicitly). Maxima saves this rule as a gradient property on that symbol.

====== Pattern Matching and Rules ======
* '''&lt;code&gt;matchdeclare&lt;/code&gt;:''' Used in Maxima's pattern-matching system (like &lt;code&gt;tellsimp&lt;/code&gt;). When you type &lt;code&gt;matchdeclare(x, freeof(a))&lt;/code&gt;, Maxima attaches a predicate property to &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;. When a pattern rule runs, Maxima looks at property list of &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; to see what conditions a matching expression must meet.

====== Mathematical and Evaluation Attributes ======
* '''&lt;code&gt;constant&lt;/code&gt;:''' Declaring &lt;code&gt;declare(c, constant)&lt;/code&gt; places a &quot;constant&quot; flag on property list of  &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt;. Core routines (like integration and differentiation) check this flag to know they can pull &lt;code&gt;c&lt;/code&gt; out of integrals or differentiate it to zero.
* '''&lt;code&gt;nonscalar&lt;/code&gt;:''' Tells Maxima to treat a symbol as a matrix or vector rather than a regular number. This property changes how operators like &lt;code&gt;.&lt;/code&gt; (non-commutative multiplication) treat the symbol.
* '''&lt;code&gt;assume&lt;/code&gt;:''' When an expression such as &lt;code&gt;assume(x &gt; 0)&lt;/code&gt; is used, Maxima's database system (&lt;code&gt;context&lt;/code&gt;) assigns facts and properties (like &lt;code&gt;pos&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;nonnegative&lt;/code&gt;) to the symbol &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;, allowing the simplifier to safely reduce expressions like &lt;code&gt;sqrt(x^2)&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;.

The effect of the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator is to make such declarations effective only within a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. Otherwise, declarations within a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression are considered to be global declarations.

So what does all of this mean to the typical Maxima user? It means that the list of identifiers that is the first argument  of a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression only declares the '''''values''''' of those identifiers as local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression in which the list is an argument. Any properties of identifiers are not declared local by this means. 

In order to declare '''''properties''''' of identifiers to be local to a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator must be used as an expression within the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. At the point where the local operator is evaluated as an argument of a &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression, the properties of the identifiers that are arguments to the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator become local to the block. It is not an unfair criticism that perhaps the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator should have been named something like &lt;code&gt;local_properties&lt;/code&gt;. &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i25)	f (s) := cos (s);
(%o25)	f(s):=cos(s)

(%i26)	f (%pi/6);
(%o26)	sqrt(3)/2

(%i27)	block (local (f), f (s) := sin (s), f (%pi/6));
(%o27)	1/2

(%i28)	f (s);
(%o28)	cos(s)
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;In the above example, the '''''properties''''' of identifier &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; were declared to be local in the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression using the &lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt; operator. However, global properties of the identifier &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; were not affected by the local function definition of &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; in the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression. The global definition expression of &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; which is &lt;code&gt;cos (s)&lt;/code&gt; and the argument &lt;code&gt;s&lt;/code&gt; were not affected by the local definition of &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; because the properties of &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; were declared local to the &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expression.  

&lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions can be used for different purposes in the Maxima programming context. &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions can be used in a stand-alone fashion or as part of an expression. However, &lt;code&gt;block&lt;/code&gt; expressions are commonly used in expressions that define '''''functions''''', which is the topic that follows. 

=== Functions ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Function Definition Operators
and Identifiers
|&lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;fundef&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt;
|-
|&lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;macros&lt;/code&gt;
|-
|&lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;local&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;slice&lt;/code&gt;
|-
|&lt;code&gt;dispfun&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;remfunction&lt;/code&gt;
|
|-
|&lt;code&gt;functions&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;setup_autoload&lt;/code&gt;
|
|}
As a technical term '''''function''''' is aptly characterized as being overloaded. In the context of Maxima as a CAS, it has both a programming meaning and a mathematical meaning in terms of usage. In this book, the convention is to refer to what may otherwise be referred to as built-in Maxima functions as ''operators'' including those of built-in packages. By this convention, the term '''''function''''' in this book refers exclusively to expressions composed by the user by way of the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operators.

As has been mentioned elsewhere in this book, what are conventionally termed ''operators'' that are built-in to Maxima, are at the level of underlying expression construction, Lisp procedures of one type or another. So it makes sense to simply refer to built-in Maxima functions and operators simply as operators one and all. This convention obviates the need for the repetitious use of qualifiers such as ''built-in Maxima'' and ''user-defined'' functions.

There are two operators used to define functions as follows:

# The &lt;code&gt;''''':='''''&lt;/code&gt; operator
# The &lt;code&gt;'''define'''&lt;/code&gt; operator

 &lt;var&gt;&lt;code&gt;f (x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;) ''':=''' expr&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;] ''':=''' expr&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, ..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;) ''':=''' expr&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/var&gt; 

 &lt;code&gt;define (f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;(x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;], expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (funmake (f, [&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (arraymake (f, [&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
 &lt;code&gt;define (ev (&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;))&lt;/code&gt;
where &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;/code&gt; is some Maxima expression that is commonly referred to as the ''function body''. As can be concluded from the above, each of these operators has different forms of syntax that can be used. In any case, the most significant differences between these two operators are in terms of the evaluation of the function body and the composition and identification of functions dynamically. 

* '''Evaluation:'''
** The &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; operator '''suppresses (quotes)''' the evaluation of the function body when this operator is first evaluated. It does not evaluate or simplify the function body until the function identifier itself is evaluated with arguments.
** The &lt;code&gt;define()&lt;/code&gt; operator '''evaluates''' the function body when this operator is first evaluated. If the function body involves intermediate computations, substituted values, or extracted parts of expressions (like &lt;code&gt;rhs()&lt;/code&gt; or derivative results), the &lt;code&gt;define()&lt;/code&gt; operator includes the evaluated results of those directly into the function body.

* '''Dynamic Function Composition and Identifiers:'''
** Function identifiers cannot easily be composed dynamically on the left-hand side of the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; operator when used inside programmatic loop expressions or in scripts.
** The &lt;code&gt;define()&lt;/code&gt; operator accepts expressions like &lt;code&gt;funmake&lt;/code&gt; or evaluated symbols as its first argument, allowing the composition and identification of functions dynamically during evaluation.


So, there are in general two different operators that can be used to define and evaluate functions. The choice by the Maxima user between these two operators depends on the purpose and context.

==== Function Definition Using the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; Operator ====
For the purpose of understanding the two ways of defining functions, consider the following example which is elementary, but in terms of clarification is not merely simple:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* &quot;kill&quot; all previously used identifier and values  */
(%i29)	kill (all);
(%o0)	done

/* assign identifier x the global value of 5  */
(%i1)	x : 5;
(x)	5

/* define f as a function with local argument x  */
(%i2)	f (x) := x;
(%o2)	f(x):=x

/* evaluate f at local value of x is 3  */
(%i3)	f (3);
(%o3)	3

/* the global value of x is not affected  */
(%i4)	x;
(%o4)	5

/* show the definition expression of the function named f  */
(%i5)	fundef (f);
(%o5)	f(x):=x&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;'''Function Definition Using the''' '''&lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; Operator'''&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* define a function with identifier g with a
   local argument y and with a function body
   of identifier x */
   
(%i3)	define (g('x), x);
(%o3)	g(x):=5
/* identifier x of the function body is evaluated */
/* identifier x as an argument of g is local in scope */

(%i4)	fundef (g);
(%o4)	g(x):=5

/* the same identifier x used in three different roles */
    /* used as the global name of a function x */
    /* used as a local argument of a function */
    /* used as an unevaluated expression for a function body */
(%i7)	x(x) := x;
(%o7)	x(x):=x


(%i9)	x(3);
(%o9)	3

(%i10)	x;
(%o10)	5

(%i8)	fundef (x);
(%o8)	x(x):=x

(%i11)	define (x('x), x);
(%o11)	x(x):=5

(%i12)	fundef (x);
(%o12)	x(x):=5
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The purpose of this example is not to encourage this sort of syntax as a typical choice for identifiers and function definitions. The purpose is to clarify how Maxima implicitly determines the scope and meaning of identifiers used for function definition in the absence of any explicit user stipulations.
It should be noted that the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator not only evaluates the expression that is the function body, it also evaluates the arguments of the function identifier that is the first argument of the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator. Since there is a global value of the identifier &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; of &lt;code&gt;5&lt;/code&gt;, it was necessary to suppress evaluation (quote) the argument in the expression &lt;code&gt;(%i12) define ('x), x);&lt;/code&gt; as otherwise an error would be the result:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* define a new function named x */
(%i14)	define (x('x), 'x^2);
(%o14)	x(x):=x^2

/* check the definition of the new function named x */
(%i15)	fundef (x);
(%o15)	x(x):=x^2

/* the identifier x has a global value */
(%i16)	values;
(%o16)	[x]

/* the global value of identifier x is 5 */
(%i17)	x;
(%o17)	5

/* the suppressed global value 'x of identifier x is x */
(%i18)	'x;
(%o18)	x

/* not quoting the global value of identifier x is an error  */
(%i19)	define (x(x), 'x^2);
define: in definition of x, parameter must be a symbol and must not be a system constant; found: 5
 -- an error. To debug this try: debugmode(true);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==== Understanding the Differences Between the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; Operators ====
In cases such as these, the suppression of evaluation by quoting is a user stipulation as to evaluation. Users must be aware of these differences between the two operators (&lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt;) for the purpose of function definition in order to achieve what is intended and to avoid errors,&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i20)	f (x) := 3*x^3  +  4*x  -  5;
(%o20)	f(x):=3*x^3+4*x-5

(%i21)	fundef (f);
(%o21)	f(x):=3*x^3+4*x-5

(%i22)	f(2);
(%o22)	27

(%i23)	define (f (x) , 3*x^3  +  4*x  -  5);
define: in definition of f, parameter must be a symbol and must not be a system constant; found: 5
-- an error. To debug this try: debugmode(true);

(%i24)	define (f ('x) , 3*x^3  +  4*x  -  5);
(%o24)	f(x):=390

(%i25)	define (f ('x) , '(3*x^3  +  4*x  -  5));
(%o25)	f(x):=3*x^3+4*x-5

(%i26)	fundef (f);
(%o26)	f(x):=3*x^3+4*x-5

(%i27)	f(2);
(%o27)	27
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;What is true in the case of these elementary examples is true in general for function definitions involving multiple arguments:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* x has a global value of 5 while y is local to g */
(%i28)	g (x, y)  :=  x^3 - y^2;
(%o28)	g(x,y):=x^3-y^2

(%i29)	g (6,2);
(%o29)	212

(%i30)	define (g('x, y), 'x^3 - y^2);
(%o30)	g(x,y):=x^3-y^2

(%i31)	values;
(%o31)	[x]

(%i32)	g (6,2);
(%o32)	212
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator is a good choice in cases where an existing expression is used as the function body:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i33)	/*  assign an expression to identifier expr */
	expr : diff('x^3, 'x);  /* Returns 3*x^2 */
(expr)	3*x^2

(%i34)	/* evaluate expr and define h (x) := 3*x^2 */
	define (h ('x), expr); 
(%o34)	h(x):=3*x^2
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;In cases in which functions require local variables or more than one expression for the function body, use the block operator:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i35)	remvalue (x);
(%o35)	[x]

(%i36)	values;
(%o36)	[expr]
 --&gt;	power_sum (x, y) := block (
/* values of these identifiers are explicitly local to the function */
	    [sqx, sqy],  
/* unevaluated identifiers x and y are local arguments of the function
   and values of these identifiers are implicitly local to the function */
	    sqx : x^2,
	    sqy : y^2,
	    sqx + sqy /* the value of the function */
	)$

(%i37)	fundef (power_sum);
(%o37)	power_sum(x,y):=block([sqx,sqy],sqx:x^2,sqy:y^2,sqx+sqy)

(%i38)	power_sum (3,4);
(%o38)	25
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator could also be used to define this function, but with different definition values as a consequence:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;(%i39)	define (power_sum (x,y), 
                block (
                [sqx,sqy], 
                sqx : x^2,
                sqy : y^2, 
                sqx + sqy
                )
               )$

(%i40)	fundef (power_sum);
(%o40)	power_sum(x,y):=y^2+x^2

(%i41)	power_sum (3,4);
(%o41)	25&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The function definition of &lt;code&gt;power_sum&lt;/code&gt; is different using the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator instead of the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; operator. The value of the function when referenced with arguments (&lt;code&gt;power_sum (3,4)&lt;/code&gt;) is the same in both cases – &lt;code&gt;25&lt;/code&gt;. However, in general for defining functions, this may not be the case. The choice between these two operators depends on the intentions of the user.

==== Practical Considerations Related to Function Composition ====

In general, programming is a technical skill as well as a subjective art. So, absolute rules are not offered here.  For practical purposes some &quot;guidelines&quot; are offered here that may be useful for Maxima function composition as well as Maxima programming in general: 

*
*
*
*
*


Consider the following linear algebraic equation:

&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;3y - 7x = 10&lt;/math&gt;
As an example suppose the value that is sought is the slope &lt;code&gt;m&lt;/code&gt; of this equation, and in general, the slope of any linear equation regardless of the form.   &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* assign the linear equation to an identifier */
(%i42)	lineqn : 3*y - 7*x = 10;
(lineqn)	3*y-7*x=10

/* solve the linear equation for y */
(%i43)	solve([lineqn], [y])
(%o43)	[y=(7*x+10)/3]

/* use the index [1] of the list to get the solved equation */
(%i44)	solve([lineqn], [y])[1]
(%o44)	y=(7*x+10)/3

/* use the rhs operator to get right-hand side */
(%i45)	rhs(solve([lineqn], [y])[1]);
(%o45)	(7*x+10)/3

/* use the expand operator change the RHS */
(%i46)	expand(rhs(solve([lineqn], [y])[1]));
(%o46)	(7*x)/3+10/3

/* use the coeff operator to get the coefficient of x */
(%i47)	coeff(expand(rhs(solve([lineqn], [y])[1])),x,1);
(%o47)	7/3

/* define the function with an argument eqn for lineqn */
(%i48)	m (eqn) := coeff (expand (rhs (solve ([eqn], [y])[1])),x,1)$

/* check the function definition */
(%i49)	fundef (m);
(%o49)	m(eqn):=coeff(expand(rhs((solve([eqn],[y]))[1])),x,1)

/* reference the function using lineqn as an argument */
(%i50)	m (lineqn);
(%o50)	7/3

/* assign a different linear equation to lineqn */
(%i51)	lineqn : x = 6*y + 13;
(lineqn)	x=6*y+13

/* reference the function using lineqn as an argument */
%i52)	m (lineqn);
(%o52)	1/6&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;The function body of this example will result in an error if it is used with the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i53)	define (
                m (eqn),
                coeff (expand (rhs (solve ([eqn], [y])[1])),x,1) 
               )$
inpart: invalid index 1 of list or matrix.
-- an error. To debug this try: debugmode(true);
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;This error is a consequence of the evaluation that occurs when using the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator. In this case, this evaluation results in a reference to the indexed value of a list object that does not exist when evaluation occurs during definition – &lt;code&gt;solve ([eqn], [y])[1]&lt;/code&gt;.

==== Memoizing Functions ====
The functions discussed so far are often referred to as '''''ordinary functions'''''. The arguments of ordinary functions are enclosed using parentheses – &lt;var&gt;&lt;code&gt;(x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;/var&gt; Function definition forms which include arguments enclosed by brackets (as in &lt;var&gt;&lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; ..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/code&gt;&lt;/var&gt;) are called '''''memoizing functions'''''.

Memoizing functions can be categorized both as functions and as data structures – specifically a ''hashed array'' of values. Memoizing functions are also referred to as '''''array functions'''''. In any case, memoizing functions can be defined using either the &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; operator or the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator. 

If the form of the function definition expression is &lt;code&gt;f [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;] := expr&lt;/code&gt; The  function body &lt;code&gt;expr&lt;/code&gt; is evaluated once for each individual value of the arguments, and that value is the value of the function, without again evaluating the function body, whenever referenced using arguments that have those same values. 

Once evaluated during a function reference with arguments, that value of a memoizing function is thereby &quot;frozen&quot; in other words. This frozen value also becomes an instance of a hashed array data structure that can be referenced by way of the value of the index used as an argument when first evaluated. 

In keeping with previous practice, the examples provided here are intentionally elementary for the purpose of demonstrating and clarifying the technical aspects involved. There is thereby no intention to convey that the composition of function definition expressions with multiple arguments and complex expressions for the function body is ruled out or of lesser practical value.   &lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* define a memoizing function f */
/* x and n may serve as both arguments and array indices */
(%i54)	f  [x, n] := x^n;
(%o54)	f[x,n]:=x^n

/* check the array information for f */
(%i55)	arrayinfo (f);
(%o55)	[hashed,2]

/* f does not appear in the list of functions */
(%i56)	functions;
(%o56)	[m(lineqn)]

/* reference f with argument values  */
(%i57)	f [2,3] ;
(%o57)	8

/* check the array information for f again */
(%i58)	arrayinfo (f);
(%o58)	[hashed,2,[2,3]]

/* list the array values of f */
(%i59)	listarray (f);
(%o59)	[8]

/* f does appear in the list of arrays */
(%i60)	arrays;
(%o60)	[f]

/* reference f with new argument values  */
(%i61)	f [5,2];
(%o61)	25

/* check the array information for f again */
(%i62)	arrayinfo (f);
(%o62)	[hashed,2,[2,3],[5,2]]

/* list the array values of f */
(%i63)	listarray (f);
(%o63)	[8,25]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;An expression of the form &lt;code&gt;define (f [x1, x2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;,…, xn], expr)&lt;/code&gt; may also be used to define the same memoizing function &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt; in this case as the evaluation imposed by the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator during evaluation of these function arguments and this function body that occurs makes no difference:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* remove the function definition and values of f */
(%i64)	remarray (f);
(%o64)	[f]

/* the list of arrays is now empty */
(%i65)	arrays;
(%o65)	[]

/* define the same memoizing function f using the define operator */
/* evaluation makes no difference to the definition of f in this case */
(%i66)	define (f [x,n], x^n);
(%o66)	f[x,n]:=x^n

/* reference f with different argument values  */
(%i67)	f [3, 2];
(%o67)	9

/* reference f again with different argument values  */
(%i68)	f [2, 5];
(%o68)	32

/* f again appears in the list of arrays */
(%i69)	arrays;
(%o69)	[f]

/* check the array information for f */
(%i70)	arrayinfo (f);
(%o70)	[hashed,2,[2,5],[3,2]]

/* list the array values of f */
(%i71)	listarray (f);
(%o71)	[32,9]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===== Special Forms of Memoizing Functions =====
&lt;code&gt;f [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;):= expr&lt;/code&gt;

or

&lt;code&gt;define (f&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt; …, y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), expr)&lt;/code&gt;
An expression of the form &lt;code&gt;f [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;):= expr&lt;/code&gt;, or alternatively of the form &lt;code&gt;define (f [x1, x2&lt;/code&gt;&lt;code&gt;,…, xn](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;), expr)&lt;/code&gt;, may also be used to define a memoizing function named &lt;code&gt;f&lt;/code&gt;.  When either of these forms are used to compose a function definition expression, there is a sense in which the resulting function is a hybrid – part memoizing function, and part &quot;ordinary&quot; function. These forms create a hashed array of functions where the array subscripts &lt;code&gt;[x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]&lt;/code&gt; evaluate immediately to &quot;specialize&quot; the function body, while the ordinary function arguments &lt;code&gt;(y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;)&lt;/code&gt; are used when evaluating these individual functions.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* Define a function for an array of &quot;shifted&quot; power functions */
(%i72)	define( p[n](x), x^n + n );
(%o72)	p[n](x):=x^n+n

(%i73)	p[2];
(%o73)	lambda([x],x^2+2)

(%i74)	p[2](5);
(%o74)	27

(%i75)	p[4];
(%o75)	lambda([x],x^4+4)

(%i76)	p[4](5);
(%o76)	629

(%i77)	arrayinfo (p);
(%o77)	[hashed,1,[2],[4]]

(%i78)	listarray (p)
(%o78)	[lambda([x],x^2+2),lambda([x],x^4+4)]

(%i79)	p[5];
(%o79)	lambda([x],x^5+5)

(%i80)	p[5](2);
(%o80)	37

(%i81)	listarray (p);
(%o81)	[lambda([x],x^2+2),lambda([x],x^4+4),lambda([x],x^5+5)]

(%i82)	arrayinfo (p);
(%o82)	[hashed,1,[2],[4],[5]]&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;'''Explanation of the code example:'''

'''1. Defining the memoizing function:''' The expression composed using the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; operator has a value that defines a special form of a memoizing function. The value of this defining expression serves as a &quot;template&quot; for indexed values of a hashed array – &lt;code&gt;p[n]&lt;/code&gt;. 

'''2. The value of array instances:''' Applying the defined function &lt;code&gt;p&lt;/code&gt; to an expression enclosed only with brackets for the argument identified as &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt;, returns a value that is a &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expression, and that is an indexed instance of a hashed array. The identifier &lt;code&gt;n&lt;/code&gt; serves as both as an argument of the function body and as an index of the hashed array in this case. &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expressions are sometimes referred to as ''anonymous'', ''ad hoc'', or ''throw-away''. The technical details of &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expressions are explained in a following section.

'''3. Evaluating the memoizing functions with arguments:''' The argument identified as &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; in parentheses serves only as part of the composition of the function body of the indexed &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expressions of the hashed array &lt;code&gt;p&lt;/code&gt; when referenced by some expression in parentheses.

This form of the composition of a Maxima memoizing function is useful to create an array of unique &lt;code&gt;lambda&lt;/code&gt; expressions where the composition of each individual expression depends explicitly on the structural indices of the array that are used.

This form in general can be composed using more than one argument for index values enclosed in brackets, as well more than one evaluation argument enclosed in parentheses. The number of each type of argument need not be the same. For example, in a defining expression of the form:

&lt;code&gt;f [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;](y&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, y&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;,..., y&lt;sub&gt;m&lt;/sub&gt;):= expr&lt;/code&gt;,

that &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;n = m&lt;/math&gt; is true, is not necessary.

The operator &lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt; can also be used to define this type of memoizing function:&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* index values can be expressions */
(%i83)	p [2*x];
(%o83)	lambda([x],x^(2*x)+2*x)

(%i84)	p [2*x](4);
(%o84)	65544

/* a memoizing function definition with multiple arguments */
(%i85)	p2 [m, n](x, y) := x^n + y^m + (m+n);
(%o85)	p2[m,n](x,y):=x^n+y^m+(m+n)

/* this expression creates the first indexed value of
   a hashed array identified as p2 */
(%i86)	p2 [2, 2];
(%o86)	lambda([x,y],y^2+x^2+4)

/* this expression has a value of 17 for values of the 
   arguments (2, 3) for the first indexed values of [2, 2] of
   a hashed array identified as p2 */
(%i87)	p2 [2, 2](2,3);
(%o87)	17

/* this expression creates the second indexed value of
   a hashed array identified as p2 */
(%i88)	p2 [3, 4];
(%o88)	lambda([x,y],y^3+x^4+7)

/* this expression has a value of 213 for values of the 
   arguments (3, 5) for the second indexed values of [3, 4] of
   a hashed array identified as p2 */
(%i89)	p2 [3, 4](3, 5);
(%o89)	213

(%i90)	arrayinfo (p2);
(%o90)	[hashed,2,[2,2],[3,4]]

(%i91)	arrayinfo (p);
(%o91)	[hashed,1,[2],[4],[5],[2*x]]

/* another memoizing function definition with multiple arguments
   and where n is not erqual to m */
(%i92)	p3 [i, j](x, y, z) := x^i * y^j * z^j;
(%o92)	p3[i,j](x,y,z):=x^i*y^j*z^j

(%i93)	p3 [3,4];
(%o93)	lambda([x,y,z],x^3*y^4*z^4)

(%i94)	p3 [3, 4] (2, 3, 4);
(%o94)	165888

(%i95)	arrayinfo (p3);
(%o95)	[hashed,2,[3,4]]

(%i96)	arrays;
(%o96)	[p,p2,p3]

(%i97)	listarray (p3);
(%o97)	[lambda([x,y,z],x^3*y^4*z^4)]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

===== More Special Forms of Memoizing Functions Using the &lt;code&gt;define&lt;/code&gt; Operator =====
&lt;code&gt;define (funmake (f, [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]), expr)&lt;/code&gt;

or

&lt;code&gt;define (arraymake (f, [x&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, x&lt;sub&gt;2,&lt;/sub&gt;…, x&lt;sub&gt;n&lt;/sub&gt;]), expr)&lt;/code&gt;

or

&lt;code&gt;define (ev (expr&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, expr&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;))&lt;/code&gt;

==== Lambda Expressions ====

==== Macros – &lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt; and &lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt; Operators ====
In the Maxima Computer Algebra System (CAS), a '''''macro''''' is a special type of function that manipulates the structure of an expression before it is evaluated. 

The Maxima Manual describes ''macros''&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Maxima Manual - Operator ::= |url=https://maxima.sourceforge.io/docs/manual/Operators.html#index-_003a_003a_003d |url-status=live}}&lt;/ref&gt; as follows:
 ''&quot;Macro function definition operator.'' &lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt; ''defines a function (called a &quot;macro&quot; for historical reasons) which quotes its arguments, and the expression which it returns (called the &quot;macro expansion&quot;) is evaluated in the context from which the macro was called. A macro function is otherwise the same as an ordinary function.&quot;''
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Macro Operators and Identifiers
|&lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;macroexpand&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;macros&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;splice&lt;/code&gt;
|-
|&lt;code&gt;fundef&lt;/code&gt;
|  &lt;code&gt;dispfun&lt;/code&gt; 
| &lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt; 
|
|-
|&lt;code&gt;remfunction&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;kill&lt;/code&gt;
|&lt;code&gt;remove&lt;/code&gt;
|
|}While ordinary Maxima functions evaluate their arguments immediately when referenced, a ''macro'' quotes its arguments. It treats those arguments as raw, not evaluated expressions blocks, ''transforms'' them mathematically or syntactically, and then &lt;code&gt;evaluates&lt;/code&gt; the newly generated code. Because Maxima is written in and inherits the semantics of Common Lisp, its macro system acts similarly to Lisp macros, functioning essentially as a programmable compiler extension.

Key Mechanics of a Maxima Macro

* '''Definition Operator (&lt;code&gt;::&lt;/code&gt;=):''' You define a macro using the &lt;code&gt;::=&lt;/code&gt; operator instead of the ordinary function definition operator (&lt;code&gt;:=&lt;/code&gt;).
* '''The Global &lt;code&gt;macros&lt;/code&gt; List:''' Every time you create a macro, Maxima automatically tracks it by appending it to a global information list called &lt;code&gt;macros&lt;/code&gt;.
* '''Macro Expansion:''' When a macro is invoked, Maxima executes a process called ''expansion''. The macro code runs to generate a new Maxima expression, and then Maxima evaluates that final output expression.

====== Some Reasons to Use a Macro Instead of a Function: ======
Ordinary functions cannot control how or when arguments are evaluated. Macros are a good choice for:

# '''Evaluation Control:''' Preventing an expression from being evaluated until specific conditional statements are checked.
# '''Meta-programming:''' Writing clean, shorthand code that automatically generates longer, repetitive mathematical boilerplate expressions &quot;under the hood&quot; so to speak.
# '''Context Manipulation:''' Altering identifiers inside the environment where referenced rather than within a closed, localized function scope.

====== Example: Function vs. Macro ======
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
(%i98)	a_function (expr) := print( &quot;The expression is: &quot;, expr)$

(%i99)	x:5;
(x)	5

/* An ordinary function evaluates arguments when referenced */
(%i9)	a_function (x + 2)$
        The expression is: 7

/* This has the same value as the above */
(%i18)	a_function (expr : x + 2)$
        The expression is: 7

/* A macro quotes its arguments and controls execution */
(%i2)	a_macro (expr) ::= buildq ([expr], print (&quot;The expression is: &quot;, 'expr))$

(%i11)	a_macro (x + 2);
        The expression is: x+2
(%o22)	x+2

(%i12)	a_macro (expr : x + 2);
        The expression is: expr:x+2
(%o12)	expr:x+2

(%i6)	a_macro (expr : 2);
        The expression is: expr:2
(%o6)	expr:2

(%i13)	macros;
(%o13)	[a_macro(expr)]
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;To understand the difference, consider how differently a function and a macro handle a identifier named &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;:

* If you call a&lt;code&gt;_function(x + 2)&lt;/code&gt; when x has been previously assigned a value of &lt;code&gt;5&lt;/code&gt;, the function immediately receives &lt;code&gt;7&lt;/code&gt; as its input.
* If you call a&lt;code&gt;_macro(x + 2)&lt;/code&gt;, the macro captures the exact symbolic structure &lt;code&gt;x + 2&lt;/code&gt; without evaluating it first, allowing you to manipulate the literal algebraic format. Code templates like &lt;code&gt;buildq&lt;/code&gt; are frequently used inside macros to construct these new mathematical structures cleanly. 

====== Two Other Simple Examples ======
Simple macros are typically used to create shorthand syntax, control evaluation, or mimic standard programming constructs like in-place modification.

'''Example''' '''1: In-place Increment'''

In Maxima, there is no built-in &lt;code&gt;x++&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; &lt;code&gt;: x + 1&lt;/code&gt;. A macro can pass an identifier as an argument without evaluating it, modify it, and then reassign it.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;/* macro definition expression */
(%i30)	incm (var) ::= buildq ([var], var : var + 1);
(%o30)	incm(var)::=buildq([var],var:var+1)

/* Usage */
(%i33)	x : 10;
(x)	10

(%i34)	incm (x);
(%o34)	11

/* x is now 11 */
(%i42)	x;
(%o42)	11&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;An ordinary function would evaluate &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt; to &lt;code&gt;10&lt;/code&gt; immediately, passing the number &lt;code&gt;10&lt;/code&gt; to the function. An ordinary function cannot assign a new value to the raw symbol &lt;code&gt;x&lt;/code&gt;.&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;maxima&quot;&gt;
/* function definition expression */
(%i40)	incf(var) := buildq([var], var : var + 1);
(%o40)	incf(var):=buildq([var],var:var+1)

(%i41)	incf (x);
(%o41)	11:12

/* x is still 11 */
(%i43)	x;
(%o43)	11
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==== Some Techniques for Function Composition ====

=== Conditional Expressions – Special Operator &lt;code&gt;if&lt;/code&gt; ===

=== Expressions for Iteration – Special Operator &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; ===
The special operator &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt;  is used to compose expressions for iteration. It is typically used with the following other special operators:

* &lt;code&gt;while&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;unless&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;from&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;thru&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;step&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;next&lt;/code&gt;
* &lt;code&gt;in&lt;/code&gt;

The general forms of &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; expressions Maxima supports are:

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable: initial_value &lt;code&gt;step&lt;/code&gt; increment &lt;code&gt;thru&lt;/code&gt; limit &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable: initial_value &lt;code&gt;step&lt;/code&gt; increment &lt;code&gt;while&lt;/code&gt; condition &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable: initial_value &lt;code&gt;step&lt;/code&gt; increment &lt;code&gt;unless&lt;/code&gt; condition &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable &lt;code&gt;in&lt;/code&gt; list &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable &lt;code&gt;in&lt;/code&gt; expr &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

&lt;code&gt;for&lt;/code&gt; variable &lt;code&gt;in&lt;/code&gt; hash_table &lt;code&gt;do&lt;/code&gt; body

=== Lisp and Maxima ===
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>kcdz28j3zp182tzt6155ntlbmm6npxs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Taitesena/Unofficial History of Nanzhao</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>485577</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679218</id>
      <parentid>4675056</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:24:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Taitesena</username>
        <id>3485636</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Hala《哈喇 》 */</comment>
      <origin>4679218</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="138112" sha1="ed9d1owo5c26ftdeglzs4qt8tz4cj1m" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
{{incomplete translation}}
{{Translation header
 | title    = Unofficial History of Nanzhao (南诏野史)
 | author   = Yang Shen (杨慎)
 | override_editor   = 
 | translator = 'Taitesena'
 | section  =
 | previous =
 | next     =
 | shortcut = 
 | year     = 
 | language = zh
 | original = 
 | notes    =   
}}

== Front Matter ==

# [[Unofficial History of Nanzhao/Translator's Note|Translator's Note]]
# [[Unofficial History of Nanzhao/Influences|Historical Context]]

==Translation==

===Introduction===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Authorship 
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|增订南诏野史上卷 明 四川新都杨愼升庵编辑
|
|-
|}

===The Title of Nanzhao 《南诏之称===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ The Title of Nanzhao 《南诏之称》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|蛮夷称王曰诏。先时滇有六诏，各据其地。六诏中蒙舍诏最强，后并吞五诏，故独称南诏。
|
|-
|六诏考六诏之地，东西四千里，南北二千九百里
|
|-
|蒙舍诏蒙细奴逻立国，居蒙舍川，地在永昌、姚州之间，处五诏之南。后奴逻曾孙皮逻阁并吞五诏，独称南诏。今蒙化厅是邆赕诏丰咩立国，居邓川。今大理府邓川州是施浪诏施望欠立国。居{{浪穹弥茨河蒙次和山，今大理府浪穹县是浪穹诏丰时立国，居浪穹。后其孙铎罗望迁剑川，改称剑浪诏。今丽江府属剑川州地是越析诏波冲立国。亦称摩诏。又号花马国。居嶲州。今丽江府是后，其兄之子于赠渡泸，邑于龙佉河蒙嶲诏嶲辅立国。居越嶲，今四川宁远府，越嶲厅是
|
|-
|}

===The Territorial Divisions of Nanzhao 《南诏分野》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ The Territorial Divisions of Nanzhao 《南诏分野》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|在天井鬼入参一度，汉书。次鹑首末位晋书。丽中台上位北斗开阳一星。宋书。在地乃梁州裔土，蜀之苑囿。河图纬。
|
|-
|}

===The Names by which Nanzhao was known throughout History 《南诏历代称名不同 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ The Names by which Nanzhao was known throughout History 《南诏历代称名不同 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|周鄯阐国、白崖国、昆弥国。战国时滇国，汉西南夷、益州、白子国。后汉建宁国。晋、宋、齐、梁、陈，宁州。隋昆州。唐初，南宁、六诏，唐文宗太和间，名鄯阐府。宋仍名南诏。元名中庆。明名云南省。
|
|-
|	国朝因之。按：汉武帝元狩元年，彩云见南中，在今大理府赵州之白崖。云南之名始此。唐元宗间问蒙舍诏盛逻皮之相张建一作俭成住何处？曰：「南边云下。」因命为云南。又元宗见祥云起，名祥州。今大理府之云南县也。
|
|-
|}

=== General Outline of Successive Nanzhao Rulers' Territorial Control《南诏历代据土总纲》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ General Outline of Successive Nanzhao Rulers' Territorial Control《南诏历代据土总纲》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|鄯阐国蒙苴颂，昆弥国庄蹻、仁果、龙佑那据于周、秦、汉迄六朝。细奴逻据于唐。郑买嗣、赵善政、杨于贞、段思平、高升泰曁正湻，相继据于唐末迄
南宋。凡历有九姓，而雍闓、孟获不与焉。段氏与南宋理宗壬子湻佑十三年为蒙古所灭，而段实于理宗景定二年袭总管，传十二世，明太祖壬戌洪武十五年平云南，擒段世，并段段明之二子苴仁、苴义。赐苴仁官雁门卫镇抚，苴义官武昌卫镇抚，段氏之世土方绝，而又别封其族人段保为大理府云龙州土知州。国朝尚有袭土职者。
|
|-
|}

=== Titles and Official System of Nanzhao《南诏称谓官制》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Titles and Official System of Nanzhao《南诏称谓官制》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|南诏称帝曰骠信，王曰诏，自称曰元，称后曰信么，亦曰九么，妃曰进武，兄曰容，弟曰钟，下曰昶。其设官则有把国事八人，曰坦绰，曰布燮，曰九赞，谓之清平官。曰酋望，曰正酋望，曰员外酋望，曰大（将军）〔军将〕，曰员外。又设九爽之名，爽，省也。功爽主官人，宗爽主户籍，万爽主财用，慈爽主礼，引爽主宾客，幕爽主兵，罚爽主刑，厥爽主工作，禾爽主商贾，皆清平官、酋望、大军将兼之。以清平官子弟为羽仪长八人，清平官见王不得佩剑，惟羽仪长佩之。又有六曹长二人，曹长有功升大军将，凡十二人。又立三托：巨托主仓廪，气托主马，禄托主牛。大府主将曰演习，副曰演览；中府主将曰缮裔，副曰缮览；下府主将曰澹酋，副曰澹览；小府王将日幕撝，副曰幕览。每府有陀酋，陀酋卽掌书记判官之类。外有八节度使：日弄栋节度使，今楚雄府姚州。曰银生节度使，今景东厅及鎭沅州地是。曰永昌节度使，今永昌府是。曰丽水节度使，今丽江府是。曰剑川节度使，今丽江府剑川州是。曰东川节度使，今东川府府是。曰通海节度使，今临安府通海县是。曰拓东节度使。今云南府昆阳州北平定乡，蒙氏子凤伽异曾筑城于此地。又有二都督：曰会川都督，今四川宁远府会理州地是。曰通海都督。又设十睑，蛮语谓州为睑。苴音斜。羊睑，又名羊睑，卽今大理府太和县。赵州睑，今大理府赵州。白崖睑，又名勃弄睑，今赵州之白崖。，云南睑，今大理府云南县。蒙舍睑，今蒙化厅。大厘睑，又名史睑，今太和县喜州。邆川睑，今大理府邓川州。品澹睑，蒙秦睑，矣和睑。三睑未详其地。○蔚按：别本十睑中苴羊睑、赵州睑、白崖睑而下，作义督睑，今剑川州；威远睑，今普洱府威远厅南；河东睑，末详其地；越睑，今永昌府腾越州；北方睑，又名成偈睑，今永北厅；楼头睑，今四川叙永厅，属永宁县；路睑，今楚雄府广通县；与云南睑以下七睑异。○按：又考此七睑中，其越睑、北方睑、楼头睑、路睑凡四睑，见于『汉地里志』及『唐书?南蛮传』中，睑并作赕，音闪，字旣不同，音又各异，似非列于十睑之数。凡人丁壮者皆为战卒。王之亲兵曰朱弩佉苴，音蛆。按：元微之白乐天乐府皆作佉嗟，未审孰是。佉苴，韦带也。每兵百人置罗苴子统一人，戴朱鞮鍪，负犀革铜盾而跣足。自大军将以至曹长，皆系金佉苴尚绛紫，有功加锦，又有功加金波罗。卽虎皮。民兵号白衣，凡民兵出以望苴蛮为先驱。
|
|-
|}

===Thirty-Seven Barbarian Clans of Nanzhao《南诏三十七蛮部》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Thirty-Seven Barbarian Clans of Nanzhao《南诏三十七蛮部》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|因远部。威远睑治，其地总名和泥，今元江府是。休腊部。今临安府河西县。嶍峨部。今临安府嶍峨县。屈中部。今临安府阿迷州。溪处甸部、伴溪落恐部。今倶为长官司，属临安府。铁容甸部。今为亏容长官司。官桂思陀部。今为思陀甸长官司，皆属临安府。王弄部、强现三部。今属开化府。师宗部。今广西州师安县。弥勒部。今广西州弥勒县。吉输部、袖恶部。倶在弥勒县地。维摩部。卽广西府维摩州。州裁，今属广西州地。罗雄部。今曲靖府罗平州。纳垢州。今曲靖府马龙州。落温部。今曲靖府陆凉州。磨弥部。今曲靖府沾益州。仁德部。今曲靖府寻甸州。夜苴部卽曲靖府亦佐县，县裁，今归罗平州。强宗部。卽澄江府阳宗县，县裁，今归河阳县。步雄部。今澄江府江川县。罗伽部。卽步雄部分地。休制部。今澄江府新兴州。落蒙州。今澄江府路南州。弥沙部、邑市部。皆落蒙部子孙分治之。阳城堡部。今云南府晋宁州。罗部。今云南府罗次县。乾矢部、罗婺部。倶在武定府曲州，州裁，今属武定州。华竹部。今武定州元谋县。洪农碌券部。今武定州禄劝县。掌鸠法块部在禄劝县城东五里。○以上三十五部在迤东地。白鹿部。今楚雄府。谋统部。今丽江府鹤庆州。○以上二部在迤西地。
|
|-
|}

==Nanzhao through the Generations《南诏历代》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Nanzhao through the Generations《南诏历代》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|白古记：西天天竺摩竭国阿育王骠苴音斜。低娶欠蒙亏为妻，生低蒙苴。苴生九子，长子蒙苴，附罗十六国之祖；次子蒙苴廉，吐蕃之祖；三子蒙苴诺，汉人之祖；四子蒙苴酬，东蛮之祖；五子蒙苴笃，生十二子，七圣五贤，蒙氏之祖；六子蒙苴托，狮子国之祖；七子蒙苴林，交趾国之祖；八子蒙苴颂，白子国仁果之祖；九子蒙苴閦初六切。白夷之祖。○『哀牢今永昌府。夷传』：哀牢蛮蒙伽独捕鱼易罗池在永昌府城南。溺死。其妻沙壹一作壶。往哭之水边，触一浮木，有感而妊，产十子。后携子至池上，木化为龙，人言曰：「我子安在？」九子惊走，独季子背龙而坐，龙舐其背。蛮语谓背为九，坐为隆，故名之曰九隆氏。哀牢山一名天井山，在永昌府。下有妇名奴波息，生十女，九隆弟兄娶之，立为十姓：董、洪、段、施、何、王、张、杨、李、赵，皆刻画其身象龙文，于衣后著尾。子孙繁衍，居九龙山山在永昌府城南。溪谷间，分九十九部，而南诏出焉。
|
|-
|}

===Shanchan Guo《鄯阐国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Shanchan Guo《鄯阐国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|周时立国，年代久远，其姓名世次莫考。
|
|-
|}

===Baiya Guo《白崖国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Baiya Guo《白崖国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|西天天竺摩竭国阿育王低蒙苴第八子，蒙苴颂居白崖，因地名，号白崖国，传世莫考。后昆弥氏继之，号昆弥国。
|
|-
|昆弥国一名拜国。
|
|-
|昆弥氏，传世姓名莫考。战国时，楚将庄蹻据滇，并有其地，号滇国。
|
|-
|}

===Dian Guo《滇国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Dian Guo《滇国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|战国时，楚顷襄王命将庄蹻范蔚宗后汉书作庄豪。将兵循江上，略巴、蜀、黔中以西，蹻至以兵威畧定滇地属楚。欲归报，会秦司马错攻楚，黔中道塞。蹻遂以其众王滇，号滇国，踞之。后有王常羌者好佛，国势不振。法令不行，国人遂推白崖国蒙苴颂之后，白饭王之裔仁果为王，治白崖，于是两国角立。后仁果奉汉，封为白子国。
|
|-
|}

===Baizi Guo《白子国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Baizi Guo《白子国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|汉武帝通西南夷，遣使至滇，求身毒国。滇王常羌问使者曰：「汉孰与我大？」使者还报，武帝怒其言不逊。时白崖国蒙苴颂之后，天竺国白饭王之裔仁果者，为众所推立于白崖。武帝乃册封仁果为王，号白子国。后迁于澄江，今澄江府。迨龙佑那继之，号建宁国。○又一说：白子国之先，有阿育国，王能乘云，上天娶天女，生三子，长季二子封于金马、碧鸡，独封仲子于苍洱之间，崇奉佛敎，不茹晕，日食白饭，人因称为白饭王。迨后有仁果者，汉封为滇王，号白子国。又十五世至龙佑那，后汉诸葛武侯南征，次白崖，以佑那为酋长，赐姓张氏，仍统其民，号建宁国。
|
|-
|}

===Jianning Guo《建宁国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Jianning Guo《建宁国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|后汉后皇帝乙巳建兴三年，益州耆帅雍闓，假鬼术杀建宁太守王昂，归东吴，吴王孙权以闓为永昌守。后汉诸葛武侯南征，至白崖，杀雍闓，擒孟获，乃封白子国王仁果十五世孙龙佑那为酋长，赐姓张氏，于白崖筑建宁城，蔚按建宁城废址在今大理府赵州之弥渡。号建宁国，立铁柱蔚按：今弥渡有铁柱宫，铁柱尚存。先为建宁国王张乐进求甫铸，后南诏蒙世隆复重铸，名曰天尊柱，高八尺。并『南中纪功碑』，铭其背曰：「万岁之后胜我者过此」。迨至隋时，行军总管太平公史万岁征南宁夷爨玩，西破三十馀部，至此，见其碑铭，命左右踣之。其碑跌，中复有志曰：「史万岁不应踣吾碑」。万岁惊异，复树碑，祭拜而去。后张龙佑那仍迁国澄江，传三十二世至十七世孙张乐进求，唐太宗己酉贞观二十三年封为首领大将军。后见蒙舍川蒙细奴罗有奇相，遂妻以女，逊国与之。奴罗自称奇嘉王，建号大蒙国，又称南诏。
|
|-
|}

==Nanzhao《南诏国》==
===13 Generations of Nanzhao 《南诏大蒙国传十三世》 ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ 13 Generations of Nanzhao 《南诏大蒙国传十三世》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|细奴一作农。逻一作罗。　伪谥高祖奇嘉王
|
|-
|细奴逻，又名独罗消，西天天竺摩竭国阿育王低蒙苴第五子蒙苴笃之三十六世孙。生有奇相。唐太宗贞观初，其父舍龙尨，又名龙伽独，将奴逻自哀牢避难至蒙舍川，耕于巍山。今蒙化厅之巍宝山。一日，有老僧，美髯，冠赤莲冠，披袈裟，持钵至奴逻家乞食。时奴逻与子逻盛炎方耕巍山之下，其姑与妇将往饁。见僧乞食，遂食之。再炊往饁，僧坐不去。姑妇持饷中道，僧已在彼，复乞食，姑妇又食之。返而复炊，持饁至巍山，则见僧坐盘石上，前有靑牛，左白象，右白马，上覆云气。云中二童子，一执铁杖于左，一执方金镜于右。姑妇惊喜，复以所饷供之。僧问何所愿？姑妇不知对。僧曰：「奕叶相承」。及趣奴逻等至，则但见一人持钵，坐五色云中，而盘石上惟馀衣痕及牛象马之迹耳。奴逻素有祥异，会唐封首领大将军建宁国王张乐进求，以诸葛武侯所立白崖铁柱，岁久剥蚀重铸之。因社会祭柱，柱顶故有金镂鸟，忽能飞，集奴逻左肩，相诫勿动，八日乃去。众骇异，谓天意有属。进求遂妻以女，举国逊之。于唐太宗己酉，贞观二十三年卽位，年三十二岁，建号大蒙国，称奇嘉王，据南诏。高宗庚戌永徽元年，建都蒙舍川，于巃｛山＋于｝山在今蒙化厅西北三十五里。筑巃山＋于城。永徽癸丑四年，遣逻盛炎入朝唐，诏授奴逻为巍州今蒙化厅刺史，赐以锦袍。大勃弄今大理府赵州白崖。酋杨承顚寇麻州，在今曲靖府马龙州城北里许。唐命郞州唐贞观初，分牂牁郡北界置郞州，后改名播州，卽今贵州遵义府。又有郞州，在今云南县地。道行军总管赵孝祖讨之。孝祖先入小勃弄，今云南县地。酋长没盛迎战，孝祖斩之。进至大勃弄，攻其城，破之，擒杨承顚，改云南县为匡州，领勃弄、匡州二县。高宗显庆二年，凤鸣于浪穹罗浮山，乃改名为凤羽山，在大理府浪穹县西南三十里，又名鸟吊山。见『水经注』。封十二圣贤为十二山神。时澄江人波罗旁有经济才，用为文臣；郭郡矣素以勇略闻，用为武臣。又有杨波远者，相传为东汉时人，常骑三角靑牛，号神明大士，能知盐泉，滇中盐泉多为波远所开创。奴逻在位，遵唐正朔。高宗甲戌上元元年，奴逻卒，在位二十六年，子逻盛炎立。
|
|-
|逻盛炎又名逻晟。伪谥世宗兴宗王。
|
|-
|	逻盛炎。唐高宗甲戌上元元年卽位，年四十岁，以张建成为相。明年，盛炎临朝，元宗壬子先天元年，姚州蛮叛归吐蕃。唐命御史李知古讨之，筑城立州县。知古诛豪杰，掠子女，蛮怨，引土蕃，攻杀知古，于姚嶲路绝，而盛炎独奉唐正朔。是年，盛炎卒，在位三十九年，子盛逻皮立。
|
|-
|}


===Shengluopi《盛逻皮石刻作诚乐魁　封台登郡王　伪谥太宗威成王 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Shengluopi《盛逻皮石刻作诚乐魁　封台登郡王　伪谥太宗威成王 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|盛逻皮，唐元宗壬子先天元年卽位，年四十岁。明年为元宗癸丑开元元年，唐授逻皮为特进，封台登郡王今四川宁远府冕宁县地。设官征商税。开元二年，遣张建成入朝于唐。立土主庙。开元九年，皮叛唐。开元十四年，立庙祀晋右将军王羲之为圣人。元宗戊辰开元十六年，逻皮卒，在位十六年，子皮逻阁立。
|
|-
|皮逻一作罗阁石刻作归义王魁乐觉封云南王。
|
|-
|皮逻阁，唐元宗戊辰开元十六年卽位，年三十一岁。开元十八年，灭五诏，自称南诏王。先是，蒙氏恐三十七蛮部不服，选亲族为五诏。未几五诏抗命，逻阁遂赂剑南节度使王昱，求合六诏为一。昱奏于朝，许之。逻阁乃豫建松明大楼，祀祖于上。使人谕五诏曰：「六月二十四日乃星回节蔚按『大理郡志』汉元封间，叶楡妇阿南者为酋长，曼阿娜之妻。娜为汉将郭世忠所杀，欲妻南。南曰：能从三事，当许汝一作幕次祭故夫；一焚故夫衣，易君新衣；一令国人皆知我以礼嫁。忠如其言。明日，聚国人张松幕祭其夫。下置火，南藏刃出，俟火炽焚夫衣，卽引刀刃自断其颈，仆火中，时六月二十五日也。国人哀之，故岁以是日燃炬吊之，名为星回节云。是又当为二十五日。当祭祖，不赴者罪。」四诏听命。惟越析诏波冲之兄子于赠，远不赴会，而邆赕诏丰哶孙｛辵＋皮｝逻邆之妻慈善者，止逻邆勿赴。邆不听。慈善不得已，以铁钏穿于邆臂而行。二十四日，逻邆及施浪诏施望欠弟施望千、浪穹诏丰时孙锋罗望、蒙嶲诏嶲辅子罗原皆至逻阁所。逻阁偕登楼祭祖，祭后享胙食生饮酒，迨晚，四诏尽醉。逻阁独下楼，焚钱遽纵火，火发，兵围之，四诏皆焚死。逻阁遣使至四诏所，报焚钱失火，四诏被焚，状令各诏收骨。四诏妻至，莫辨其骨。独慈善因铁钏得焉，携归葬之。逻阁旣灭四诏，取各诏宫人，念慈善慧而甚美，遣兵围其城，迫取之。慈善曰：「吾岂忘夫事仇者？」闭城坚守，半月城中食尽，慈善度不能支，卽自杀，时七月二十三日也。逻阁嘉其节，乃封赠为宁北妃，并旌其城曰德源城。城废址在今大理府邓川州城东北二里许。开元戊寅二十六年，逻阁破吐蕃及弥蛮，入朝，元宗礼之，加封为特进，云南王，越国公，开府仪同三司，赐名归义，并锦袍金钿带七事。王归国，以兵逐洱河蛮，筑太和城，今大理府城南十五里太和村地是。又筑大厘城今大理府城北四十里喜州是。守之，尽有云南之地。唐授王子阁逻凤右领军卫大将军兼阳瓜州刺史。开元二十七年，明矫叛，破剑川、浪穹、永昌。开元二十八年，王讨朋矫，平之。开元辛已二十九年，王自蒙舍川迁居太和城，立龙首、卽今上关。龙尾卽今下关。二关。唐加阁逻凤为左领军卫大将军。元宗癸未天宝二年，筑羊苴哶城于太和城之北。卽今大理府城。唐迁阁逻凤为左金吾卫大将军，寻拜特进都知兵马大将军。天宝甲申三载，西方进狮子皮。唐加阁逻凤为上柱国。天宝乙酉四载十月，城永昌。天宝丙戌五载，王遣孙凤伽异入唐，唐授伽异为鸿胪少卿，妻以宗室女，赐龟兹乐一部，元宗戊子天宝七载，王卒，在位二十年，子阁逻凤立。
|
|-
|阁罗凤一作觉乐凤。按：『德化碑』云：「家居阁罗凤」，则是取地名以为名也。袭封云南王，伪谥神武王。始建元。
|
|-
|	

阁罗凤，唐元宗天宝戊子七载卽位，年三十六岁。唐遣中使黎敬义持节册凤袭封云南王，敕置阳瓜州于蒙舍川，加授

凤伽异为上卿兼阳瓜州刺史，都知兵马大将军。天宝庚寅九载，王率妻子往谒都督李宓，过云南，太守张虔陀私之，又多徵求。王表虔陀之罪，中官贾奇俊抑之，不得达。王复遣将军杨罗顚等连表控告。元宗仍不省。凤怒，遣大将军王毗双、罗时等发兵攻虔陀。虔陀饮鸩死；遂取姚州，并夷州三十二。获唐嶲州西泸令郑回以归，爱其才，用为清平官。天宝辛卯十载，唐命剑南节度使鲜于仲通将兵八万征云南。凤赴泸南在楚雄府姚州之城北一百五十里。谢罪，愿还所俘掠，请罢兵。仲通不许，分三道而进。仲通自南溪路，大将李晖自会同路，都督王知进自步头路。今临安府地。凤就安宁，再伸衷悃。仲通不听，兵至曲州、靖州。二州今为曲靖府地。凤复遣首领杨子芬、参军江如之赍状，言若不罢兵，卽当归吐蕃，恐云南非唐有。仲通终不许，囚其使，进薄白崖城。别遣大将王天运统师绕出点苍山后。凤遣

凤伽异及大军将段俭魏迎山后师，自逆战于西洱河。唐兵大败，死者六万人，王天运战殁，仲通仅以身免。凤乃叛唐，建元长寿。遣弟阁陂和尚及子铎传、酋望赵佺邓、杨传磨侔等，并子弟六十人献凯吐蕃。陂有神术，人马往来吐蕃，不过朝夕之顷。天宝十一载正月一日，遣宰相倚祥叶乐持金冠、锦袍、金宝带、金帐状、安扛伞鞍、银兽器皿、珂贝、珠毯、衣服、駞马、牛鞻等物至邓川，以凤为兄弟之国，册为赞普钟南国大诏，给金印，称东帝。并授凤伽异大瑟瑟告身，都知兵马大将。凤遂改是年为赞普钟元年。发人口百户于浪穹，筑白崖睑城，又遣兵攻掠安宁。天宝甲午十三载六月，唐命前云南郡都督兼侍御史剑南留后李宓、广府节度使何履光等，率十道兵再征云南。兵逼邓川，凤遣凤伽异、段俭魏迎战于江口。时神川都知兵马使论绮里徐救兵已至巴蹻山，遂诱宓深入，内外夹击。宓粮尽，士卒饥疲，引还。凤以精兵追战，唐全军覆没，李宓被执，沉江死，何履光遁去。凤因进取嶲州会同郡，据清溪关，以破越析。此二役也，皆凤弟阁陂和尚及凤妃白氏行妖术，展帕拍手而笑，韩陀僧用钵法，以故唐兵再败。时唐先后丧师已二十馀万，凤乃敛战胔，筑京观于龙尾关河尾，名万人冢，立碑大书「唐天宝战亡士卒之墓」。而唐宰相杨国忠更揜败以捷闻，叙战功。令清平官郑回撰『德化碑』，唐流寓御史杜光庭书。立石太和国门外，明其不得已叛唐归吐蕃之故。天宝乙未十四载冬十一月，东平郡王安禄山反于范阳，凤乘机以兵取蜀卭州，筑卭子城，及丽水金宝城。升段俭魏为清平官，赐名忠国，旋拜相国。代宗甲辰广德二年，羊苴哶城成，凤名之曰大理城，又名紫城。代宗乙巳永泰元年凤伽异筑云南城卽今云南府省城。又筑拓东城，今云南府昆阳州北平定乡。遂以兵攻陷曲靖。代宗丁已大历十二年，永昌牛生三角，羊生四角，鸡九足，井有光。建观音寺于白崖。先是，逻盛炎时，相国张建成欲于白崖建寺，卜之吉。又地下有三戳观音，上截在西，中截在东，下截在东南。因盛炎旋卒，不果建。至是建寺，掘之果然。代宗戊午大历十三年，阁罗凤卒，在位三十年。因子凤伽异先死，后追谥悼惠王。孙异牟寻立。
|
|-
|异牟寻改国号曰大理国。封云南王，又封南诏王　伪赠廪孝桓王
|
|-
|异牟寻，唐代宗戊午大历十三年卽位，年二十四岁。明年改元见龙，又改上元，率兵三万取蜀为东府，又连土番入寇。唐命神策都将李晟击破之。师还，自称南诏王。德宗甲子兴元元年，牟寻迁居史城，卽大厘城。改号大理国，自称日东王。封岳读，以叶楡今大理府。点苍山为中岳，乌蛮今东川府。乌龙山一名绛云弄山，在今禄劝县东北三百里。为东岳，银生府今景东厅。蒙乐山一名无量山，在厅北九十里。为南岳，又封南安州今楚雄府属。神石亦为南岳，越赕今永昌府腾越州。高黎贡山一名昆仑隅，在腾越、潞江之间。为西岳，嶲州今丽江府是。雪山一名玉龙山，在府西北二十里。为北岳。封金沙江源出吐蓄旄牛徼外犂牛石下，本名犂牛河，又名犂水，讹为丽水。经丽江府、鹤庆州、姚州而东北达于四川马湖府之马湖，卽『山海经』所谓若水。『水经注』云：若水经云南之遂久县，卽今金沙江巡检司地。昔黄帝长子昌意德劣，不足绍承天位，降居斯水为诸侯，娶蜀山氏女，生颛顼于若水之阳，疑卽其地也。祀在武定州，兰沧江源出吐蕃鹿石山下，本名鹿沧，又名兰沧。兰沧讹为浪沧。自丽江府度云龙州至永昌府，东经顺宁府，达于车里，过交趾地而入于南海。祀在丽江府，黑惠江在顺宁府之东入狼沧江，而达于南海。祀在顺宁府，怒江源出西域雍望，奔流而下，深不可测。夏月多瘴，经怒夷地入丽江府境野人界。至永昌府境，乃名潞江。祀在水昌府，为四渎，各建神祠。又立三皇庙。德宗丙寅贞元二年，设官立九爽三托。考疆域，其地东至于铜柱、铁桥、蟠桃、玉楡，东南至于交趾国，南至于骠国，西南至于木落山，西至于太石，西北至于吐蕃，北至于神川，东北至于黔巫。八分之地，属以八演，皆中国降人为之经画者。贞元丁卯三年，寻居大理城。命子弟师事郑回。时寻苦吐蕃徵求无厌，会李泌劝德宗招云南以断吐蕃右臂。帝从之，命韦皋为西川节度使，皋受命招抚群蛮。郑回因说寻归唐，寻以为然。皋遣谍者致书于寻，吐蕃知而疑之，乃责南诏大臣为质。寻愈怨。于是，决计归唐。皋以闻，德宗乃命皋作书谕寻。是年四月，吐番破蜀，来征兵，蔚按：卽吐蕃劫浑瑊清水盟之岁。寻谢绝之。贞元五年，寻遣乌蛮勿邓大鬼主苴梦冲、两林都大鬼主直那时聘于皋，因入朝。皋遣其属崔佐时报之。时吐蕃使数十人先在，佐时至，寻令更衣入。佐时不可，曰：「天朝大使。岂衣夷衣？」寻不得已，夜迎之。佐时至，大宣诏旨，令寻斩番使，去其所立之号。寻遂与佐时盟于点苍山下。贞元九年，寻遣使上表，请从韦皋袭吐蕃。诏册封为云南王，以韦皋为云南安抚使。王遣使诣皋，献夷中歌。贞元十年，吐蕃徵兵于王，王阳示寡弱，以兵三千应之，自将数万人踵其后。正月，袭吐蕃，战于神州，断铁桥，在巨津废州，今丽江府西北地。取十六城，俘其五王，降众十馀万，获军资甲仗无算。遂遣弟凑罗栋、清平官尹仇宽献捷于唐，并献地图、纳贡及吐蕃所给金印，请复号南诏。于是，唐以祠部郞中袁滋为中丞，赐金紫充册使。赐王银窠金印，印文曰：「贞元册南诏印」。王北面跪受。宴使者，出元宗天宝五载所赐王父凤伽异银跳脱马头盘数物，并指老笛工、歌女曰：「皇帝所赐龟兹乐，惟二人在耳！」使者日：「南诏世荷唐恩，当深思祖考子孙勿替，尽忠皇唐。」王对曰：「敢不敬使者之命。」随遣清平官尹辅首入谢，献铎鞘、郁刀、生金、瑟瑟、牛黄、氎、纺丝、越赕绕伦马。蔚按：铎鞘，疑当作择矟，状如残月，有孔旁达，出丽水，饰以金，月祭之血，所击无不洞。段柯古『酉阳杂俎』云：南蛮有毒槊无刀刃，状如朽铁，中人无血立死。言自天而下，入地丈馀，祭地乃掘得之，云云。疑卽铎矟，毒为铎字之讹，槊字本同矟宇也。郁刀铸时以毒药并冶，取莹耀如星者，凡十年乃成，淬以马血，镂金犀饰镡首，伤人卽死。因浪人所铸，又名浪剑，夷中甚宝之。七月，又攻吐蕃，并破施蛮、顺蛮，施蛮、顺蛮卽施浪、浪穹二诏之后，自南诏并吞五诏，五诏之后不复称诏，止称蛮。俘其王置白崖城。贞元十二年，取越赕，置软化城。贞元十四年，请以大臣子弟质于朝，韦皋却之。固请，乃尽舍成都，遣就学。贞元十五年，王开白国北方赕地，今永北厅。徙弥河白蛮及罗落摩蛮实之，号剑羌。是年，王从韦皋再败吐蕃于铁桥。初，王谋击吐蕃，以邆川、卽今邓川州。宁北卽今浪穹县。等城当寇冲，乃峭山深堑，修战备。至是吐蕃谋袭南诏，王告于皋，遣将屯黎州、嶲州以应之。吐蕃引兵攻嶲州，皋严兵以守，别遣将袭击，降其帅，吐蕃惧，退至铁桥。王令人毒其水，吐蕃人马多死，退屯三泸水，王与皋部将杜毗罗击败之。贞元十六年，王率子寻阁劝入朝于唐，召对延英殿，进奉圣乐舞，德宗御麟德殿观之。贞元十七年，王夜绝泸水，斩吐蕃屯卒，又合鬼主破之于泸西。吐蕃大惧，欲悉师收嶲州，以绝南诏。王谓韦皋曰：「吐蕃声取嶲州，实窥云南，请进军羊苴咩城。」皋督诸将分道与王会，陈兵深入，拔木波城。前后凡克城七，焚堡百五十所，斩获无算，生擒论莽热，献于唐，并进铠甲十五万。皋班师，帝遣中使慰抚王。王自是比年贡方物，唐帝深礼之焉。贞元十九年，王封云南金马碧鸡二山之神为景帝，建妙音寺塔，筑大理雪峰长城。宪宗戊子元和三年七月，王卒。唐遣使祭吊，在位三十年，子寻阁劝立。
|
|-
|寻阁一作觉劝又名新觉劝。　袭封南诏王　伪谥孝惠王
|
|-
|寻阁劝，唐宪宗戊子元和三年卽位，年三十一岁。唐册劝袭封南诏王，赐元和金印。宪宗己丑元和四年正月，改元应道，群臣上尊号曰骠信，以鄯阐为东京，大理为西京，重修曲靖崇真寺。寺为晋代所建。十一月王卒，在位一年。子劝龙晟立。
|
|-
|}

===Quanlongsheng《劝龙晟　　袭封南诏王　　　伪谥幽王 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Quanlongsheng《劝龙晟　　袭封南诏王　　　伪谥幽王 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|劝龙晟，唐宪宗己丑元和四年卽位，年十二岁。唐册袭封南诏王。明年，改元龙兴。铸佛三尊，送佛顶峰寺，用金三千两。元和九年，晨寇嘉定州，有飞天神兵破之。先是，节度使杜元颖守成都时，时滇兵至嘉定之沐源州，忽自惊溃。蜀军获一夷卒问之，云适见遍山神兵，一神将长斧坐二鬼上，声若迅雷，故尔惊走。至是神复现形，自后追杀，卽时死酋长二人。盖嘉定向有飞天神庙，两破滇兵者，皆此神也。宪宗丙申元和十一年，晟淫虐失道，弄栋节度使王嵯巅弑之，时年仅十九岁，唐命少监李铣祭吊，在位七年，弟劝利立。
|
|-
|}

===Quan Li 《劝利 一作劝利晟　　袭封南诏王　　伪谥靖王》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Quan Li 《劝利 一作劝利晟　　袭封南诏王　　伪谥靖王》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|劝利，唐宪宗丙申元和十一年卽位，年十五岁。唐册袭封南诏王。王嵯巅东寇。明年，改元全义。元和十三年，厚赏王嵯巅，赐姓蒙，封太容。元和十四年，废王嵯巅，赦其罪，命敬信三宝，为清平官。元和十五年，又改元大丰。重修崇圣寺。五月，大雨霖，龙首、龙尾二关倾。除洱河水怪，建龙屋塔。高十二丈。按：『白古记』：唐时洱河有妖蛇，名薄劫，兴大水淹城。蒙国王出示：有能灭之者，赏半官库，子孙世免差徭。部民有段赤城者愿灭蛇，缚刃人水，蛇吞之，人与蛇皆死，水患息。王令人剖蛇腹，取赤城骨葬之，建塔其上，毁蛇骨灰塔，名为灵塔。在今大理府城南龙尾关内点苍山马耳峰下羊皮村。每年有蛇党起风来剥塔灰。时有谣曰：赤城卖硬土。今『龙王庙碑』云：洱河龙王段赤城云。永昌生两头牛。穆宗甲辰长庆四年，赐南诏王金印。是年王卒于东京，在位八年，弟丰佑立。丰佑慕中国之风，独不肯连父名。丰佑石刻作劝丰佑　　册封滇王　　伪谥昭成王
|
|-
|	

丰佑，唐穆宗甲辰长庆四年卽位，年七岁。唐遣京兆少尹韦审规持节册封为滇王。王遣洪成酋等人谢。明年，改元保合，又改元天启。西僧赞陀啒哆建鹤庆元化寺。先是，鹤庆地水淹，僧杖刺东隅泄之。水中得樟木，刻为佛，咒之忽灵，远近名曰活佛。按：活佛，后至明成化间，福建莆田林俊为云南宪副闻之，亲至寺中，将佛火之，得金数百两入官，又毁他寺三百，人呼为林劈佛。建常平仓，筑邓川城。敬宗乙巳宝历元年，重修大理崇圣寺一名三塔寺。成先是，王嵯巅广寺基方七里。圣僧李成眉贤者建立三塔，高三十丈。佛一万一千四百，屋八百九十，铜四万五百九十筋。元和十五年经始，至是工竣。塔顶旧有铁柱款识云：「贞观六年尉迟敬德监造」，盖寺之建久矣。重修云南东寺塔，高百五十尺，西寺塔高八十尺，二寺亦贞观间将作大匠尉迟敬德所建。文宗丁未太和元年，王母出家，法名惠海。太和二年，用银五千，铸佛一堂，废道敎。太和己酉三年，僧梦岛造永昌卧佛，长丈六。六月朔，星落如雨。命王嵯巅等寇蜀。先是，西川节度使杜元颖失士卒心，军逃入南诏，因此知蜀虚实。佑遂遣嵯巅等攻蜀，陷嶲、戎、卭三州，攻成都，止西郛十日，掠经书、宝货、子女无算，蜀中残敝。并寇梓州、蜀州。佑上表于唐，请诛元颖。唐改云南为鄯阐府。卽今云南府省城。太和四年，唐贬杜元颖循州司马，以义成节度使李德裕为西川节度使。裕至西川，建筹边楼，日召习边事者访问，凡山川险要，南道与蛮相入者图之左，西道与吐蕃相接者图之右，不啻身尝经历焉。乃奏请留北兵以重镇守，修甲胄、备器械。率户二百取一人习战，作雄边子弟等十一军。筑仗义、御侮、柔远诸城以扼要害，复卭崃关，徙嶲州治台登，以夺蛮险。令转卭、雅粟以十月而运，先夏而至，人不苦瘴，边境始安。至是使人于佑，责归所俘。太和五年五月，佑归所俘西川四千人于德裕。太和六年，佑掠骠国民三千，徙之拓东城。武宗乙丑会昌元年，佑遣军将晟君筑横渠道自磨用江至于鹤拓，灌东皋及城阳田，与龙佉江合流入于河，谓之锦浪江。又潴点苍山玉局峰顶之南为池，谓之高河，又名冯河。更导山泉共泄流为川，灌田数万顷，民得耕种之利。会昌六年九月，佑攻陷安南，经略使裴元裕死之。宣宗丁卯大宗元年，佑妃卒，佑郁郁不乐，臣下请选妃女备后宫。得罗部今云南府罗次县。一美女进之，有宠。女好佛，建罗次寺，至今灵异。六月大旱，佑令僧寿海祈雨。僧曰：「昔汤旱七年，六事自责，天雨七日。今王酒色妄杀，天怒不雨。王如改悔，天雨自至，何以祈为？」佑如僧言，自责自改，数日果雨。佑女至崇圣寺进香，回至城西，为一乘白马人摄去，寻之不得。佑告于西僧赞陀啒哆，哆曰此山神也。乃设灯照之，果在苍山下。哆怒欲行法，移山于河。山神惧，献宝珠供佛，佑乃已。大中十二年，佑遣段酋迁陷安南都护府。遣段宗榜救缅。榜，汤今云南府宜良县地。人，佑之勇将。先是，狮子国侵缅；屡求救，至是许之。按：缅甸卽汉之掸国，唐之骠国，其历代莫考。当宋元之时，屡败王师。明太祖洪武十年，缅头目招扳南进贡。十九年，使行人司钱古训赍诏立宣尉司。二十年，缅犯景东。二十一年，犯他郞甸，沐英命都指挥宁正平之。三月，犯定边，沐英同都督冯诚平之。景泰三年，王骥赏缅孟养地。缅喜，乃擒献麓川贼。嘉靖初，缅火烧赍金牌官，中终年猖獗海上，遂至难制。○考自永昌府腾越州入缅，止三十四程。腾越一日南甸、一日罗必斯、一日郞、一日甸头、一日甸尾、一日蒙腰、一日甸蓝、一日蒙怜路、一日空地、一日蒙来路、一日大市、一日龙江、一日锅地、一日人列渡、一日江头城、一日景怜、一日及、一日马来城、一日赖当、一日山头、一日甸头、一日阿只、一日吴细辰、一日折弓、一日阿越。由阿越下水，九日卽至缅城。其地有五大城，江头、太公二城之外，又有马来、安正国、蒲甘缅王三城。酋住金楼，民住竹楼。其下称酋为卜剌浪，称酋妻为米泼剌。酋出人乘轿，水有舟筏。官名有招孟、招彔、招刚三等。官无大小，倶金银花宝带。无弓箭。其水有金沙江，险恶，缅恃以为固。涸时，亦仅五里。俗敬佛，重罪对佛发誓，凭僧处断。○入缅又有三道：一由潞江西上；一由腾越七日至麓川；一由景东从木通甸至湾甸渡入芒市，十日至麓川。○此外从潞江上流蒙来渡至景乐沿河有小渡十馀处，皆可通。又有三道：一由天步马，一由湾甸，一由阿郊地界，皆可入缅。宣宗己卯大中十三年，陷播州。李德裕旣贬死，西川节度使所任皆非人，侥佯边功，发兵十万袭滇，自建昌入，佑命子世隆为坦绰，同王嵯巅迎战于古宗，今丽江府铁桥以北地。杀唐兵数万人，立铜柱于界上。世隆之母，佑妃也，出家号师摩矣。尝随佑至罗浮山白城，建一寺，南壁画一龙，是夜龙动，几损寺，妃乃复画一柱锁之，始定。按：妃本渔家女，喜浴。为妃后，仍常泛舟西洱河，屏人潜浴于水，感金龙与交，生世隆。隆七岁，拳握始开，有文在其掌曰：通番打汉。古宗之战，唐帝惧世隆为患，妻以宗室女，伺察其所为。女以世隆年庚潜送于帝。帝使太史推之，知其感龙精而生。是年，丰佑卒于东京，在位三十五年。子世隆立，以王嵯巅摄政。段宗榜救缅，回至腾越，闻佑卒，世隆立，嵯巅摄政，移书王嵯巅曰：「天启不幸，驾崩嗣幼，闻公摄政，国家之福。榜救缅以败狮子国。缅酬金佛，当得敬迎。奈中国无人，惟公望重。榜抵国门之日，烦亲迎佛，与国增光。」云云。嵯巅不知是谋，至日迎之。榜令巅拜佛，突斩之于佛前。讨其弑劝隆晟之罪也。榜熔佛得金数千两。时有缅人奉香火者在榜，默祝曰：「愿世代奉敬，今不如愿，惟愿世尊轮生，灭彼国祚。」后果生郑买嗣篡国，灭蒙氏。
|
|-
|世隆『唐书』作酋龙。　　伪谥景庄皇帝僭称帝始此，以后郑、赵、杨、段、高五姓之国咸效之。
|
|-
|世隆，唐宣宗己卯大中十三年卽位，年十六岁。明年，为懿宗庚辰咸通元年，改元建极。改西京曰中都，东京曰上都。先是，德宗贞元间，西川节度使韦皋开道通南诏，令岁入贡。异牟寻、寻阁劝二世事唐唯谨，迨劝龙晟及丰［佑］，又数数扰边，大为唐患。又以世隆之名犯太宗、元宗庙讳。唐不册封，隆益致怨望。至是自称皇帝，遣兵取乌蛮、僰、爨之地，置东川郡。前节度使杜悰变韦皋制度，侵扰蛮中。隆绝朝贡，寇播州。至是李福为节度使，隆遣清平官董成至成都，移书于福。成与福抗礼，福囚之。上闻，有诏释成，召至京师，见便殿，遣还。咸通二年，遣兵陷安南。左仆射同平章事杜悰言：「西川兵弱，南诏强盛，未可轻绝。宜遣使祭吊，谕令改名，行册礼。帝肯之。会隆复寇嶲州，遂止。咸通三年，隆亲寇蜀，取万寿寺石佛归。时高真寺僧崇模有神术，从征。军中乏粮，又値岁暮，士卒思归，僧咒沙成米，咒水成酒，士卒各醉饱。一日僧化蝶回国乱宫，世隆妻以书达隆。隆答曰：妖若再来，令宫人于其衣背绣蝶。后僧复至，宫人绣之。隆见僧衣有蝶，令斩之。刑七次，首不殊。僧自云：用茅锯之乃断。果然。人见僧魂化一黑鹏飞去，盖僧本高真寺鹏巢中所得之儿也。咸通四年，寇西川。咸通五年，陷安南、邕管。咸通六年，陷嶲州。咸通七年，复攻安南。岭南西道节度使高骈救之，隆兵大败，骈遂定安南。咸通十年，隆遣使杨酋庆等入朝，谢释董成之囚。归成都俘三千人。定边节度使李师望杀其使，隆怒，率众攻蜀，陷嘉州。咸通十一年正月，陷黎州，入卭徕关，围雅州，击卭州，遂进攻成都。次眉州，西川节度使卢耽畏众寡不敌，通使请降。继而唐遣东川节度使颜庆复、大将宋威等率兵来战。世隆败屯星宿山，宋威戍沱江。隆迎战于毗桥，不胜，趋沱江，中伏。城中又出突将，夜火隆营，夺升仙梁。隆大败，奔双流江，无梁以渡，乃伪请和，三日梁成而济。咸通辛卯十二年，立鄯阐王宫。咸通壬辰十三年，于白崖诸葛武侯所立铁柱之地，铸天尊柱，高八尺。蔚昔年曾至铁柱宫，其地界白崖、弥渡、蒙化三境之间。其柱刻字云：建极十三年岁次壬辰四月朔庚子十四日癸丑建立。咸通十四年，攻黔中。又寇西川，作浮梁济大渡河，防河兵马使黄景复伏兵，半渡击败之。会隆国中新兵继至，接战，景复败走。隆进兵陷黎州，入卭徕关。遂遣王保诚等四十人谩书诣剑南节度使牛丛，欲假道入朝，请憩蜀王故殿。丛囚其使三十八人，释酇咙及段酋迁二人还。隆乃退兵至新津而旋。僖宗乙未乾符二年，攻雅州。西川节度使高骈追至大渡河，大败之，俘酋长五十人，收复黎州、卭徕关，斩黄景复以狥。乾符三年，遣使诣高骈请和，不许，斩使者一人。隆怒，自是唐使至不拜，惟拜和尚。骈知之，乃遣僧景仙往谕公主事，隆乃下拜定盟。禧宗丁酉乾符四年二月，复寇蜀，高骈御退之。骈又结吐蓄尚延心嗢、末鲁褥月等为间，筑戎川州、马湖沭沐源川、大渡河三城，列屯拒险，料壮卒为平夷军。世隆气夺，因恚发疽，卒于越嶲景净寺，在位十八年，子隆舜立。
|
|-
|}

===Longshun《隆舜一名法　改国号曰大封民国　伪谥宣武帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Longshun《隆舜一名法　改国号曰大封民国　伪谥宣武帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|隆舜，唐僖宗丁酉乾符四年卽位，年十七岁。明年，改元贞明，又改元嵯耶、承知、大同，改国号曰大封民国。遣使于唐请和，诏许之。自劝龙晟至世隆以来，侵蜀伐安南，用兵五十馀年，帑藏不给，横敛于民，上下倶困。舜立，耽于酒色，委政臣下，故愿求和于唐，乃遣段宝诣岭南节度使辛谠，请修好。谠奏，许之，以息边患。乾符六年，遣使于唐求和亲，无表，只用牒，称弟不称臣。唐帝召百官议，礼部侍郞崔澹曰：「南诏无礼，恐贻后笑。」使者上书与澹争。帝谕解之。议者谓中国多故，南诏寖强，不若权与和亲。便从之。僖宗庚子广明元年春正月，唐命宗正少卿李龟年来和亲。僖宗辛丑中和元年，上表款附。中和癸卯三年，唐以宗室女为安化长公主，妻隆舜，僖宗乙已光启元年，遣宰相赵隆眉、清平官杨奇鲲、段义宗三人，朝唐帝行在，且迎公主。高骈在淮阳飞章上言：「三人南诏心腹。宜止而酖之。」唐帝从其言。隆眉等死，南诏遂不复振矣。是年昆仑国进美女，舜嬖之。光启二年地震，龙首、龙尾二关、三阳城皆崩。昭宗己巳乾宁四年，隆舜多内嬖，常信谗以诛其下，淫虐日甚。竖臣杨登弑之于东京，在位二十年，子舜化贞立。
|
|-
|}

===Shunhuazhen舜化贞　　　　　伪谥孝哀帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Jianning Guo《建宁国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|舜化贞，唐昭宗丁巳乾宁四年卽位，年二十一岁。明年，改元中兴。上书于唐，朝廷欲报之。利州刺史王建上言：「臣在西南，彼必不敢犯塞，小夷何足辱诏书。」遂止。昭宗光化二年，立五学敎主。十一月，诛杨登，族其家。光化庚申三年，铸崇圣寺丈六观音，清平官郑买嗣合十六国铜所铸，蜀人李嘉亭成像。一说唐天宝间，崇圣寺有僧募造丈六观音像，未就。夜忽雨，旦视之，铜也，卽取以铸像。像成，白光弥覆凡三日夜，至今人称为雨铜观音。唐昭宗壬戌天复二年，舜化贞卒，一说实郑买嗣弑之。，在位五年。化贞有一子，生甫八月，郑买嗣主国事，遂启贞妻曰：「母后深宫，群臣无主，臣当抱太子临朝。」贞妻是其言，以子付之。买嗣抱子出，潜手伤其阴，子哭不已，乃送回宫中。明日，子死。贞妻疑而诘之，买嗣怀不安，遽起兵杀蒙氏亲族八百人于五华楼下，遂簒立焉。
|
|-
|按：蒙氏南诏大蒙国，自细奴逻禅立，起唐太宗己酉贞观二十三年，讫昭宗壬戌天复二年，传十三世，共二百五十五年。
|
|-
|}

==Dachanghe Generations《大长和国　　传三世》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Dachanghe Generations《大长和国　　传三世》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|郑买嗣又名。　　　伪谥圣明文武威德桓皇帝。
|
|-
|郑买嗣，又名，唐巂州西泸令陷南诏臣蒙氏，为清平官郑回之七世孙。
隆舜时历官侍中，权势日重。隆舜巡幸无度，留买嗣守国，遂专政柄。舜化贞时为相，化贞卒，嗣贼杀其子，簒蒙国，于唐昭宗壬戌天复二年十二月卽位，年四十二岁，国号大长和，仍都大理。明年，建元安国。后梁太祖开平丁卯元年，建普明寺。开平三年，铸佛一万尊，送寺祈福，为杀蒙氏八百人故也。开平四年八月，买嗣卒，在位八年，子仁旻立。
|
|-
|}

===Renmin 　《仁旻　　　伪谥肃文太上皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Renmin 　《仁旻　　　伪谥肃文太上皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|仁旻，后梁太祖庚午开平四年卽位，年二十二岁。明年，改元始元，又改元天瑞、景星、安和、贞佑、初历。末帝甲戌乾化三年，旻攻蜀。蜀高祖王建发兵拒之，旻兵大败，溺水使者万馀人。后唐庄宗癸未开同光元年，施宫寺灾，僧智照撰『封民三宝记』。同光二年旻以朱鬃白马求婚于南汉刘龑，龑以增城公主妻之。明宗丙戌天成元年八月，仁旻饵金丹，躁怒，常杀人，遂暴卒，在位十六年，子隆亶立。
|
|-
|}

===Longdan 　《隆亶　　伪谥恭惠帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Renmin 　《仁旻　　　伪谥肃文太上皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|隆亶，后唐明宗丙戌天成元年卽位，年十二岁，明年，改元天应。明宗戊子天成三年，东川节度使杨乾贞入朝，弑隆亶而立赵善政，计亶在位二年。
|
|-
|按：郑氏大长和国，自买嗣簒位，起唐昭宗癸亥天复三年，讫后唐明宗戊子天成三年，传三世，共二十六年。
|
|-
|大天兴国一作兴源国。　　一世
|
|
|}

==Dayining Generations《大义宁国　　一世》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Yang Qianzhen 《杨乾贞　　　伪谥肃恭帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|杨乾贞于后唐明宗己丑天成四年夺大天兴国赵善政之位，改国号曰大义宁国，建元兴圣，又改元大命。乾贞萂村人。今大理府宾川州所属地。母名弥彔，有美色，蒙隆舜私焉。有孕，适渔人杨氏，生乾贞，后又生诏。其父捕鱼，贞立船头，见水中有人龙衣冠冕，左右有凤鸟，白光拥护，乃呼父视之。父见是贞之影，大奇之。长仕郑氏，官至东川节度使。至是夺善政位而自立。贞在位，贪暴特甚，中外咸怨。后晋高祖丁酉天复二年，通海节度使段思平起兵讨之。贞遣弟杨诏等五人出拒。诏兵败，乾贞出奔。思平遂得位，寻赦其罪，废为僧。计贞在位八年。
|
|-
|}


==Dali Generations《大理国　　　传十四世》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Siping《太祖圣神文武皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|	段思平，其先武威郡北人，世为南诏蒙氏将。唐元宗辛卯天宝十载，及甲午天宝十三载，唐再伐云南，云南王蒙

阁逻凤命世子凤伽异、大军将段俭魏迎战于点苍山及西洱河，两败唐兵。以功升俭魏为清平官，赐名忠国，寻拜相，六传而至思平。其母因过江，水泛触浮木，若有感而娠，生思平，并其弟思良。思平为幕览，小府副将也。常游山中，得为帝之谶，又每多异徵。时东川节度使杨乾贞之弟杨诏者已贵，闻而忌之，使人贼思平。思平逃匿于崇恩寺，在大理府城南九里。捕者追至，见蛛网盈寺门，不入，故得脱。后积战功，使为通海节度使。后唐明宗己丑天成四年，杨乾贞夺赵善政之位。受诏之谮，常欲除思平。平卜于秀山神祠，就其舅爨判自匿。后晋高祖丙申天福元年，乾贞索捕思平甚急。会善政臣守高方，素与思平善，密遣人招思平。思平与其弟思良、军师董迦罗走就之。皆裂冠，变姓名，为猎者，牵一犬至品甸波大村今大理府云南县地。宿旅舍。舍有戟，生牛革裹之，是夜风起，戟忽洞革出。思平惊曰：「是何銛利？得非神戟乎！」问主人曰：「戟何为？」曰：「以防夜耳。」曰：「防夜莫若犬。」遂以犬易戟去。行至叶镜湖，湖在大理府云南县地得神马。饥取野桃而食，核上有虫啮「靑昔」二字，思平解为十二月二十一日，意其吉兆。于是急趋而前，借兵于东方黑爨三十七蛮部，会于石城，今曲靖府是。以董迦罗为军师。兵集之期，适十二月二十一日也。所向皆克，遂进攻大理，讨干贞。时诏等陈兵据桥，军不能过。思平夜忽得三梦：人无首；玉瓶无耳；镜破。觉而告其下。迦罗觧之曰：君乃丈夫，去首为天；玉瓶去耳为王；镜破则无对者，此神示吉兆。是日，有被缨浣沙妇，指渡处曰：「人从我江尾，马从三沙矣，尔国名大理。」从之，乃得过江，击诏等杀之。乾贞闻诏等军败，出奔。思平卽位，时天福丁酉二年也，年四十四岁。建号大理国，建元文德，仍都大理。天福三年封董迦罗为相国，封高方为岳侯，分治成纪、巨桥等地。封爨判为巴甸侯。祠秀山神，免东方三十七蛮部徭役，赦国中凡有罪无子孙者。天福四年，赦杨乾贞罪，废为僧。一说乾贞败后，挈其妻子奔永昌郡。思平遣兵追之，至万剑树，乾贞自缢而死。思平俘其妻子亲属。帝好佛，岁岁建寺，铸佛万尊。后晋出帝甲辰开运元年帝崩，在位八年，子思英立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Siyin 　《文经皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Siyin 　《文经皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|思英，后晋出帝甲辰开运元年卽位，明年，为出帝开运二年，改元文经。帝母杨氏桂仙娘没而为神，屡著灵应，封为楡城宣惠圣国母。是年，帝叔思良争位，废帝为僧，法名宏修大师。在位一年，叔思良立。一说思英素不肖，思平在日，常欲废之，不果。迨卽位，愈淫戏无度，群臣废之，而立思良。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Siliang 　《圣慈文武皇帝　　太祖之弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Siliang 　《圣慈文武皇帝　　太祖之弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|思良，后晋出帝乙巳开运二年卽位，明年，改元至治。后周太祖壬子广顺二年，帝崩，在位七年，子思聪立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Sicong 　《思聪　　伪谥至道广慈皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Sicong 　《思聪　　伪谥至道广慈皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|思聪，后周太祖壬子广顺二年卽位，明年改元明德，又改元广德。宋太祖乙巳开宝二年，思聪卒，在位十七年，子素顺立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Susun 　《素顺》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Susun 　《素顺》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素顺，宋太祖乙巳开宝二年卽位。明年，改元明政。先是，宋太祖丁卯乾德五年春，王全斌平蜀，还京师，请取云南，负地图进。太祖鉴唐之祸，以玉斧画大渡河为界，曰：「此外非吾有也。」由是段氏得据南诏，相安无事。太宗乙酉雍煕二年，素顺卒，在位十六年，子素英立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Suyung 　《素英　　　　伪谥昭明皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Suyung 　《素英　　　　伪谥昭明皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素英，宋太祖乙酉雍煕二年卽位。明年，改元广明，又改元明应、明圣、明统、明治。太宗至道二年，述『传灯录』。真宗己酉大中祥符二年，素英卒，在位二十四年，子素廉立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Sulong 　《素隆　　　　伪谥秉义皇帝 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Sulong 　《素隆　　　　伪谥秉义皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素隆，宋真宗壬戌干兴元年卽位，明年改元明通。仁宗丙寅天圣四年素隆禅位为僧，在位四年。侄素贞真立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Suzhen 　《素真　　　　伪谥圣德皇帝  》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Suzhen 　《素真　　　　伪谥圣德皇帝  》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素真，宋仁宗丙寅天圣四年卽位，明年改元正治。仁宗辛巳庆历元年素真禅位为僧，在位十五年，孙素兴立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Suxing 　《素兴　　　　伪谥天明皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Suxing 　《素兴　　　　伪谥天明皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素兴，宋仁宗辛巳庆历元年卽位，明年改元圣明，又改元天明。素兴性好游狎，广营宫室于东京，多植花草，于春登堤上植黄花，名绕道金棱，云津桥上种白花，名萦城银棱。每春月，挟妓载酒，自玉案三泉，溯为九曲流觞。男女列坐，斗草簪花，昼夜行乐。花中有素馨者，以素兴爱之，故名。又有花遇歌则开，有草遇舞则动，兴令歌者傍花，舞者傍草。盖亦花草之妖也。仁宗甲申庆历四年，素兴在位，荒淫日甚，国人废之，而立太祖曾孙智恩之子思廉。计兴在位三年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Silian 　《思廉　　太祖元孙　　伪谥兴宗孝德皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Silian 　《思廉　　太祖元孙　　伪谥兴宗孝德皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素兴，宋仁宗辛巳庆历元年卽位，明年改元圣明，又改元天明。素兴性好游狎，广营宫室于东京，多植花草，于春登堤上植黄花，名绕道金棱，云津桥上种白花，名萦城银棱。每春月，挟妓载酒，自玉案三泉，溯为九曲流觞。男女列坐，斗草簪花，昼夜行乐。花中有素馨者，以素兴爱之，故名。又有花遇歌则开，有草遇舞则动，兴令歌者傍花，舞者傍草。盖亦花草之妖也。仁宗甲申庆历四年，素兴在位，荒淫日甚，国人废之，而立太祖曾孙智恩之子思廉。计兴在位三年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Lianyi　《廉义　　　伪谥上德皇帝 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Lianyi　《廉义　　　伪谥上德皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|廉义，宋神宗乙卯熈宁八年卽位。明年，改元上德。遣使入贡于宋。熈宁十年，又改元广安，作八龙王会。神宗庚申元丰三年，杨义贞杀廉义而自立。计义在位五年，自义贞弑其主廉义而自立，簒位仅四月，鄯阐侯高智升命子清平官高升泰起东方爨僰兵，讨而诛之，立廉义之侄寿辉。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Shouhai　《寿辉　　　伪谥上明皇帝 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Shouhai　《寿辉　　　伪谥上明皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|寿辉，宋神宗庚申元豊三年卽位。明年，改元上明，以高智升为布燮，高升泰为鄯阐侯。是年，日月交晦，星辰昼见。寿辉因天变，遂禅位于思廉之孙正明。计辉在位一年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Zhengming　《正明　　思廉之孙　　伪谥保定皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Shouhai　《寿辉　　　伪谥上明皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|寿辉，宋神宗庚申元豊三年卽位。明年，改元上明，以高智升为布燮，高升泰为鄯阐侯。是年，日月交晦，星辰昼见。寿辉因天变，遂禅位于思廉之孙正明。计辉在位一年。
|
|-
|}

==Da Zhongguo Generations　《大中国》==
===Gao Shentai 《高升泰　　伪谥富有圣德表正皇帝》====
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Shouhai　《寿辉　　　伪谥上明皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|高升泰，宋哲宗甲戌绍圣元年，受大理国段正明之禅卽位。改国号曰大中国。明年，改元上治。升泰，岳侯高方之裔，大理点苍山莲花峰下芒涌溪人。将生，其父袭岳侯，智升往石云寺在点苍山白雪峰麓进香回，遇一老叟云：「尔家将生贵子，可速归。」智升至家，而升泰适生，心颇异之。及长，有材器，仕为清平官，兼九爽之事，誉望日重。思廉出游，猝遇烈风，吹踣其马。廉将坠，智深跃前扶之。廉德智升，赐以宫人及珠玉。杨允贤（判）〔叛〕，廉命智升讨之，以功加太保，封德侯，旋晋鄯阐侯，世袭。及杨义贞簒逆，智升令升泰起东方兵，诛义贞而立廉义之侄寿辉。辉以智升为布燮，升泰袭鄯阐侯。辉在位灾异迭兴，因禅位于思廉之孙正明。明为君不振，人心归高氏。遂请升泰为君，而正明禅以位焉。哲宗丙子绍圣三年，升泰在位二年，寝疾。遗命曰：「我之立国，以段氏之弱，我死，必以国仍还段氏，愼勿背我。」及卒，其子高泰明遵遗命，还位正明之弟正湻。段氏复兴，号后理国。高氏相之，政令皆出其门，国人称为高国主，段氏拥虚位而已。
|
|-
|}

==Houli Guo Generations 《后理国》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Zhengchen　《段正湻　大理国正明之弟　伪谥中宗文安皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段正湻，宋哲宗丙子绍圣三年复得国，卽位，号后理国。以高泰明为相国，执政柄，高泰运为栅主。明年，改元天授。又改元开明，天政，文安，赦徭役。筑楚雄城，在今楚雄府城西北二里。以封高泰明之侄高明亮。徽宗癸未崇宁二年，遣高泰运奉表入宋，求经籍，得六十九家，药书六十二部。鄯阐李观音得来朝，进金马杖八十节，人民三万三千户。湻赐得八章礼衣，龙头剑，擢为安东将军。蔚按：蒙氏时有安东将军，季李珠所筑安东城，在今大理府赵州城东二里。缅人、波斯、昆仑三国进白象及香物。十月，彗星见西方，大疫。徽宗戊子大观二年，正湻禅位为僧，在位十二年，子和誉立。
|
|-
|和誉又名正严　封云南节度使大理国王，伪谥宪宗宣仁皇帝
|
|-
|和誉，宋徽宗戊子大观二年卽位。明年，改元日新。又改元文治、永嘉、保天、广运。七月中元节，各方贡金银、罗绮、珍宝、犀象万计，牛马遍点苍。徽宗辛卯政和元年，地大震，损十六寺。三十七部判叛〕，高相国泰明讨平之。使四子高明清居鄯阐镇守。政和五年，缅人进金花、犀象。政和六年。遣儒官钟震、黄渐赍敕褒高泰朋相国忠贞，封平国公。是年，遣使入贡于宋。高泰明卒，封国师。泰明生八子，高智昌以罪流死。其下伊、何二人谋为执仇，乘誉入寺进香，图弑逆，事露被收。誉嘉二人之义，赦之，为立义士冢。高泰运立，主国事。六月，三日并出。政和丁酉七年，命子紫琮充进奉使，入贡于宋。诏遣使册封誉为金紫光禄大夫、检校司空、云南节度使、上柱国、大理国王。徽宗己亥宣和元年正月，彗出，慕宁、远、矣、破、马等叛。三月，出师征之，兵败。三十七部蛮复叛。陷鄯阐，高明清死之。郡臣以高升泰侄商量成有德，请立为相，号中国公。徽宗丙午靖康元年五月，金星入月，大火，焚三千九百家。南宋高宗丙辰绍兴六年，王遣使贡象马于宋，广西经畧安抚使奏之，诏护送行在，优礼答之。绍兴十六年三月十四日，大雾，历二十四日方开。高宗丁卯绍兴十七年，王老，因诸子内争外叛、遂禅位为僧，在位三十九年。子正兴立。
|
|-
|}

===Zhengxing 《正兴又名易长　　伪谥景宗正康皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Zhengxing 《正兴又名易长　　伪谥景宗正康皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|正兴，南宋高宗丁卯绍兴十七年卽位。明年，改元永贞，又改元大宝、龙兴、盛明、建德。高量成让相位与侄寿贞，退老楚雄城。人化其德，名城曰德江城。孝宗癸未隆兴元年三月，寿贞卒。寿昌立为中国公。孝宗壬辰乾道八年四月，重雾，十六日方开。正兴禅位为僧，在位二十五年，子智兴立。
|
|-
|}

===Zhixing 《智兴　　　伪谥宣宗功极皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Zhixig 《智兴　　　伪谥宣宗功极皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|智兴，南宋孝宗壬辰乾道八年卽位，明年，改元利贞。又改元盛德、嘉会、元亨、安定。遣李观音得等至广西横山砦今在广西南宁府江上。求市马。李观音得夺寿昌位，与侄贞明。阿机起兵夺贞明位，还寿昌。贞明遂据鹤庆，号明国公，伪谥义地威天聪明仁帝。高妙音自白崖起兵，据鄯阐。时有妙音之甥成贤、成正二人来谒，意在夺鄯阐。妙音觉之，与之盟于天王庙。二人口含丁香叶，出庙吐之曰：「盟非我也，叶也。」未几，二人起兵，方战，见白马将斩之。白马将，乃庙中二力士也。光宗庚戌绍熙元年，修十六寺。宁宗乙卯庆元元年，修龙首、龙尾二关，三阳城。宁宗庚申庆元六年，智兴卒，在位二十八年，子智廉立。
|
|-
|}

===Zhilian 《智廉　　　伪谥享天皇帝 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Zhilian 《智廉　　　伪谥享天皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|智廉，南宋宁宗庚申庆元六年卽位。明年，改元凤历。又改元元寿。使人入宋求『大藏经』一千四百六十五部，置五华楼。宁宗乙丑开禧元年，智廉卒，在位五年。弟智祥立。
|
|-
|}

===Zhixiang 《智祥　　　伪谥神宗皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Zhixiang 《智祥　　　伪谥神宗皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|智祥，南宋宁宗乙丑开禧元年卽位。明年，改元天开。又改元天辅、仁寿。征三十七蛮部，至寻甸平，河水绝流。理宗丁酉嘉（禧）〔熙〕元年，封高隆鄯阐王，以高泰祥为相国，以光日为演习。大府主将也。举贤育才，时和年丰，称治国焉。理宗戊戍嘉（禧）〔熙〕二年，智祥禅位为僧，在位三十三年。子祥兴立。
|
|-
|}

===Xiangxing 《祥兴　　　伪谥孝义皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Xiangxing 《祥兴　　　伪谥孝义皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|祥兴，南宋理宗戊戌嘉（禧）〔熙〕二年卽位。明年，改元道隆。理宗甲辰湻佑四年，蒙古兵出灵关，伐大理。祥兴遣将高禾迎战，禾败死之。段连佑归宋，宋遣使吊祭，致经书、银缎，为高禾拒蒙古兵战殁也。理宗辛亥湻佑十一年，为蒙古宪宗蒙哥之元年，祥兴卒，在位十三年。子兴智立。
|
|-
|}

===Xingzhi 《兴智　　　赠天定贤王》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Xiangxing 《祥兴　　　伪谥孝义皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|兴智，南宋理宗辛亥湻佑十一年卽位。明年，改元利正。又改元兴正、天定。是年，南宋理宗壬子湻佑十二年，为蒙古宪宗之二年七月丙午，太弟忽必烈等奉宪宗命，伐大理。受制专征，以大将兀良合台总督军务。八月，次临洮，由六盘逾吐番，凡行山谷二千馀里无人之境。先遣王律术、王侯、王鉴来谕大理，道阻而还。九月，次忒刺，分三道进。兀良合台率西道兵，由晏当路，诸王抄合也只烈率东道兵，由白蛮，忽必烈率劲骑，由中道。乙巳，至满陀城，留其辎重。十月，过大渡河。十一月，至白蛮打郭砦。十二月，再遣三使入大理，招兴智，皆被杀。智命相国高泰祥守金沙江，与蒙古将伯颜不花、虎儿敦等相持。忽必烈命众以革囊潜济江，破吐番，渉摩荻，出石门，所过降之，遂进薄大理。泰祥回军，奉兴智拒战，不胜。蒙古兵入上关。智奔鄯阐，泰祥退至统失逻先为姚安府，府裁，今为姚州，属楚雄府。募兵于三十七部未至，而蒙古兵已长（躯）〔驱〕而入，泰祥被执大理，不屈，乃斩于五华楼下。祥临刑叹日：「段运不回，天使其然，为臣殒首，盖其分也。」时白日正午，忽云起雷震，天鼓大鸣，忽必烈曰：「忠臣也。」泰祥夫人段氏，抱孤儿高琼、高长寿等伸诉。忽必烈目儿顾左右曰：「此忠臣后，宜善视之。」许以世其官。高泰祥为大中国升泰九世孙。遂灭段氏而有其地，得五城、八府、蛮部三十有七。乘胜入吐蕃，降其酋。明年，南宋理宗癸丑宝佑元年，为蒙古宪宗之三年，忽必烈班师。大将兀良合台拔鄯阐，获兴智以献，宪宗命赦之，封为摩诃罗嵯，管领八方，仍守其地，世袭总管。计兴智在位二年，宪宗授兀良合台银印，加大元帅，还镇大理。以刘时中为宣抚使，与兴智同安辑焉。南宋理宗庚申景定元年，为蒙古世祖忽必烈之中统元年，兴智率其季弟段信苴福北行，朝于世祖，道卒。计为总管又七年。蒙古遣使来祭吊，文曰：「段氏承八姓正位，归有新统，旣顺天时以向义，犹得国王以栖迟，实国家待远方之仁，由贤王能左右之义。受命以来，朝夕愓励。赖尔维勤，用征不廷，正当共享亨嘉之运，胡意遽罹霜露之灾，呜呼！当朕未集大统，乃为叔季之国。兹旣承景运，合正君臣之称，参录不替于子孙，诏禄宜昭于典册，特遣太常省祭，赠为后理国向义天定贤王段公，尚赖神麻，永保祚土。所赠王爵，后不为例。」明年，南宋理宗辛酉景定二年。为蒙古世祖中统二年，世祖敕授王之弟信苴日则段实。总管守大理。命之曰：「向率我以临尔境众据国人之请，因从城下之盟，款附而忠勤益著。庸示至优之礼，以彰同视之仁。可革帝号，锡以虎符，总理大理、鄯阐、威楚、统矢、会川、建昌、腾越诸郡，抚恤已附之民，招集未降之国，卿其勉之。」
|
|-
|按：段氏后理国，自段正湻复国，起宋哲宗丙子绍圣三年，讫南宋理宗癸丑（实）［宝应元年，传八世，共一百五十七年。
|
|-
|总计段氏大理、后理二国，传二十二世，共三百零十五年。
|
|-
|增订南诏野史下卷
|
|-
|}

==Hu Weixianmen Wing DynastyRevisions《大淸湖南武陵胡　蔚羡门订正》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Hu Weixianmen Wing Dynasty Revisions《大淸湖南武陵胡　蔚羡门订正》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段氏总管除天定贤王段兴智受封总管七年外起段信苴日卽段实讫段世，共袭十二世。
|
|-
|段实一名信苴日。
|
|-
|段实，于南宋理宗景定二年，蒙古世祖之中统二年，入朝于世祖，袭总管，赐虎符，领大理、威楚、鄯阐、统矢、会川、建昌、腾越等城，自万户以下皆受节制。南宋理宗癸亥景定四年，为元世祖中统四年，蒙古设大理都元帅府，命昔撒昔总制鬼国、大理两路。理宗甲子景定五年，为世祖至元元年，妖僧舍利威结威楚、统矢、鄯阐及三十七蛮部叛，实讨之，大破于威楚、统矢、安宁等处，又破释多罗十馀万众于洱河海口。南宋度宗丁卯咸湻三年，蒙古世祖至元四年，以皇第五子忽哥赤为云南王，镇大理。至元五年，忽哥赤受命与安南国王讨占城、真腊。南宋度宗咸湻六年，世祖至元七年，置大理路军民总管府。南宋度宗辛未咸湻七年，为蒙古世祖至元八年冬十一月，世祖改国号曰元。云南王忽哥赤为元帅寳和丁所杀。元伐金齿、缥甸，降之。分大理三十七蛮部为南北中三路，遣阿鲁忒儿宣抚大理，招谕诸蛮。南宋度宗辛未咸湻十年，元世祖至元十一年，封宗室脱忽鲁为云南王，命云南行省平章政事赛典赤建云南各衙门。妖僧舍利威复叛，实遣石买等诡为商贾，执贽往见，挺矛鏦杀之，枭首于市。元世祖赐实白金及金织纹衣。南宋恭宗丙子德佑二年，元世祖至元十三年，授实为大理等处宣抚使。缅甸叛犯永昌，元命纳速剌丁赛典赤之长子，后封延安王。伐之，破砦三百，因天暑，还师。复命诸王相吾答儿、右丞太卜、参政也罕的斤伐缅，招讨使法烈先驱造舟于阿若、阿禾两江，进拔江头、太公二城，金齿、乌蒙皆降。南宋帝昺庚辰祥兴二年春二月，为元世祖忽必烈之至元十七年，宋亡，元入主中国。以忽哥赤之子也先帖木儿为云南王。命忙兀鲁徵八百媳妇。缅败忽都帖木儿兵，诏思、播土官田、杨二处兵助讨之。命征缅官番听云南王节制。至元辛巳十八年实率子阿庆入觐，元祖嘉其忠，晋大理、威楚、金齿等处宣慰使都元帅。升辞，复拜为云南诸路行中书省参知政事，留阿庆宿卫东宫。至元壬午十九年，实受敕迎征缅师，于金齿病卒。诏以其弟忠为大理宣慰使兼军民万户府，赠实为武定公。实任职二十二年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Zhong《段忠　实之弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Zhong《段忠　实之弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段忠，元世祖癸未至元二十年袭。是年，忠随元元帅阔木征芒部、两林蛮及会川等处，破贼立功，元授忠为善阐酋，赐虎符。元置邦牙宣慰司于蒲甘城，命云南王也先帖木儿率招讨使怯烈总兵三千往镇之。忠奉云南王命伐武定。冬十二月忠卒，以实之子阿庆为大理金齿等处宣慰司都元帅、佩金虎符，封宣武将军，晋镇国上将军，尚公主。遣归，复授云南行省参政。忠任职一年。
|
|-
|段庆卽阿庆。实之子
|
|
|-
|段庆，元世祖甲申至元二十一年袭。至元二十五年以云南王也先帖木儿移镇大理，进封营王。至元二十七年冬十月，封皇孙甘剌麻为梁王，镇云南。至元二十九年改封梁王甘剌麻为晋王，镇北边。至元三十年，封甘剌麻之子松山镇云南。至元三十一年世祖崩，孙铁木耳立，是为成宗。成宗丙申元贞二年，置彻里路，卽车里军民宣慰使司。令与八百犬牙相制。秋八百叛命，也先不花征之。成宗己亥大德三年，云南水西土官宋隆济叛，贵州知州张怀德战死。云南行省麻九儿讨之，追杀贼首撒月，斩首五百级。庆奉敕征交趾，平之。入朝，带僧左黎同往，适成宗手疽甚，黎以法水洗之，立愈。帝欲试其术，乃掘地窖，令八人潜其中击鼓，佯云有怪，召黎治之，黎行法，顷之不闻鼓声，启窖视之，则八人已死。帝敬其法，封为国师。大德四年，缅人僧哥伦作乱。缅酋执其兄阿散哥也，寻释去，阿散乃率其党杀酋。酋次子奔诉京师，诏遣薛超兀儿率行省兵讨之。大德五年，金齿、八百叛，不输粮，杀官吏，元命右丞刘深、哈剌带、郑佑等征之。刘深协求水西土妇节金三千两、马三千匹，土官宋隆济遂叛，围深等于穷谷中，梁王阔率兵救，解之。冬，云南地大震，御史陈天祥谏伐西南夷，不报。大德七年，罢徵八百，免右丞刘深官，收符印。左丞相哈剌哈孙议深徼名首衅，丧师辱国，劝帝诛深，遂杀之。深卽往以兵逼南宋帝昺于谢女峡者。大德八年，立平云南碑于点苍山。顺元宣抚宋阿重获其叛叔宋隆济，朝命升职，赐衣一袭。滇池有蛟，化少年淫妇女，有神僧赵伽罗者，命黑胡神擒之，至噀水见形，斩之。神卽土主也。成宗丙午大德十年，罗雄土官阿那龙少叛，据越州。今在曲靖府南六十里，本唐之悦州，其川名鲁望。命右丞汪惟能讨之，追至曲靖，斩那龙少。是年庆卒，弟正袭。庆任职四十三年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Zheng 《段正　庆之弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Zheng 《段正　庆之弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段正，元成宗丁未大德十一十年袭。正招蒙化山中生爨入籍。元授正为参政，仍大理军民总管。晋宁建盘龙寺。有神僧觉照者，段氏族人，号莲峰，游东山见龙潭绝幽胜，乃咒龙令徙。龙去，水涸，建寺其地。蔚按：莲峰僧于顺帝之至正末入定塔中。武宗海山戊申至大元年，沾益、乌蒙地大震，三日并出。至大二年三月，梁王松山风疾，诏封皇第七子西平王奥鲁赤之孙老的代镇云南。仁宗爱育黎拔力八达壬子皇庆元年，诏罢徵八百。皇庆癸丑二年冬十月，学士李孟奏准开科，三年一试。时九成殿生芝，天下共取士三百名，每榜云南取五名，内蒙古二名，塞目二名，汉人一名。以八月二十日初场，二十三日次场，二十六日三场。仁宗乙卯延佑二年十一月，封武宗子和世珠为周王，出镇云南。仁宗丙辰延佑三年，正卒，庆子隆袭。正任职十年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Long 《段隆　庆之子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Long 《段隆　庆之子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段隆，元仁宗丁巳延佑四年袭，元授隆为大理军民总管。延佑己未六年，云南行省奏：「夷俗：凡土官无子，卽以妻代管。请听之。」诏曰可。延佑庚申七年，封甘剌麻孙王禅为云南王。英宗硕德八喇癸亥至治三年，进封王禅为梁王，封其子帖木儿不花为云南王。是年八月，诸王按梯不花、索孛罗、月鲁铁木儿等及御史大夫铁失弑帝于南坡行幄。九月泰定帝也孙铁木儿卽位。十二月流诸王月鲁铁木儿于云南。泰定四年，洱海有水怪，牛猪形短项金睛，兴水为患。大理一道人向隆取黄金百镒，隆与之，乃以金为索，沉于河，怪卽日徙于浪穹宁河。按：『六诏灵源记』云：宁河无底。明宣德间，有渔人李应捕鱼，网得金索，旋得旋断。一渔者诫之曰：可止矣。应贪甚，尽曵之，索将穷，惊其怪，风浪陡作，应并舟倶溺，至今为患。文宗图帖睦尔庚午至顺元年，以豫王阿忒思纳失里出镇云南。诸王秃坚据云南叛，杀廉访使，自称云南王。元诏枢密帖木儿讨之，发朵甘思等处兵分道进。至四川建昌、罗罗斯，权寻甸府官曲术集义兵讨秃坚，败贼伯忽于马龙，追至金马山，擒之。是年，隆以老退闲，子俊袭。隆任职十四年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Jun 《段俊　隆之子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Jun 《段俊　隆之子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段俊，元文宗辛未至顺
二年袭，元授俊为云南行省平章。乌撒部奏：「云南驿输征甚苦，愿属四川。」奏下参政贾敦煕议之。是年俊卒，族弟义袭。俊任职一年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Yi 《段义　俊之族弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Yi 《段义　俊之族弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段义，元文宗壬申至顺三年袭，朝命止授为承务郞、蒙化州知州。是年阿容禾叛于中庆路，义助兵讨平之，以功升参政。九月，乌蒙土官禄馀寇顺元，云南行省遣都事那海奉诏往谕，授馀为参政。冬十一月，云南行省奏：「国马每月上寅日给盐，饮之无病。因伯忽反，盐不给，马多死。」诏四川以盐给之。是年义卒，隆子光袭。义任职一年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Guang 《段光　隆之子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Guang 《段光　隆之子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段光，元顺帝妥权帖睦尔癸酉元统元年袭，朝命止授为承务郞、蒙化州知州。番兵作乱，孟州判官李生等守白崖，値高蓬新败番兵，乗胜长驱破河尾关。光率兵大败之，斩馘无算，河水尽赤，为之不流，得战马甲仗数千。光赋凯旋诗云：「雨锁金门百里城，神州花木管弦声。齐天苍岳参云峻，界地楡河射月明。梵宇三千朝呗朗，招提八百夜香淸。恒沙善果心无异，何患愚夷治不平。」元统二年，光以先与梁王把匝剌瓦尔密孛罗因分域构隙，至是遣张希矫、杨生、张连等发兵攻梁王，不胜，士卒多死，希矫等遁归。顺帝至元元年，梁王侵大理，光自督兵与战于昆弥山卽今大理府赵州南之定西岭，梁王大败。凯还，侍翰杨天甫作『长寿仙曲』上光云：「蒙氏钟王气，驾驭万乗唐。南龙光对北金锁，东洱水朝西点苍，四面固金汤。江绿春杨柳，岸淸古雪霜。屏障龙吟梅破王，竹林鹤立菊舒黄，四季景如妆。此生诚庆幸，有眼睹明王。」光大喜，设宴谢之。顺帝辛巳至正元年，玉案山生水小赤犬，群走如飞。段雄正曰：「此天狗星所化，大兵压境之兆。」经二年方绝。又下铁雨山石，民屋倶穿，人値之多击死。梁王刺杀段氏臣高蓬。先是，光令蓬督兵罗那关，梁王使人暗招之，蓬不从，答之诗云：「寄语下番梁王翁，檄书何苦招高蓬，身为五岳嵩山主，智过六丁缩地公，铁甲铁盔持铁槊，花鞍花索驭花骢，但挥眼前黄石阵，孤云击破几千重。」梁王忌之，乃重贿蓬庖人，刺杀之。顺帝甲申至正四年，光卒，弟功袭。光任职十二年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Gong 《段功　光之弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Gong 《段功　光之弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|	段功，元顺帝乙酉至正五年袭，朝命止授为承务郞、蒙化州知州。至正六年，木邦夷思可叛。元命河南参政贾敦熈督师会云南路兵讨之，以功为前锋，屡战克捷。叙功升功为大理总管，寻升参政。至正癸巳十三年，红巾贼流入建昌，旁掠云南边地。阿次失里讨平之。至正十五年三月，元窜太师脱脱于云南。中书右丞哈麻、御史袁赛因不花等陷之也。十二月，左丞相哈麻矫诏杀脱脱于阿轻乞之地，时年四十二岁，天下寃之，两日相荡。是年，梁王宫中有怪。左右启王曰：「盘龙寺僧莲峰，能驱邪。」王礼请至，行法，怪息。王喜，留宫中供养，至夜密问之曰：「今中原纷乱，后事如何？」僧曰：「二十年后祚尽矣。」至期明师果南下。至正十六年，黑井有毒龙，兴水溢井，损民居。莲峰建寺，书铁符沉井中，害息。又宁州有虎咥人，莲峰洒净水驱虎远去，明日虎果去。七月，元以四川廉访使蒲机云为云南诸路廉访使。至正癸卯二十三年三月，红巾贼明玉珍率其党李芝麻同弟明二等将兵三万攻云南。入金马山，梁王把匝剌瓦尔密奔楚雄。四月，梁王发中庆，至石碑村，红巾入城，梁王闻报，感而自咏云：「野无靑草有黄尘，道侧仍多战死人。触目伤心无限事，鸡山还似旧时春。」随命陜西参政车力帖木儿拒之，擒明二。时四方乘机窃发，群盗满山，功乃谋于外外杨智，字渊海者，同稽于卜，卜告吉。又得子宗、子秀兵至，功遂从梁王进兵，吕合败红巾于关滩江。红巾收合馀衂再战，杀段氏之骁将铁万户，又有江心庄人杨胜力战死。梁王为文祭之曰：「生于江心，为我门户，我旧不识，用备其数，能卫社稷，春秋与之，惟忠惟烈，尔则处之，噫! 义重于生，生必有死，丈夫之事，识者有几。愿气作山河，魂归苍洱，英杰复生，以保我之昆裔。」祭毕而哭，一军感泣。是夜，红巾屯古田寺，功令人焚寺，红巾乱，以铁骑捣之，死者大半，追至回蹬关，又大破之。副将谢得攻安宁，功力战杀二千人，谢得奔中庆。于夜功谍者拾得一书，乃明玉珍母寄珍书云：「自尔去后，老母平安，征云南务要得之。兵粮不足，随后发来，不可轻回。」功阅书，令杨智易其辞曰：「自尔去后，老母不安，臣下乱法。又闻中国人马入界，非止一处。尔须急回，迟则难保。大夏天统元年，太后平安书。」遂募亡命者赍书往。有打金箔人陈惠愿行，惟虑老母在。功许养其母，惠遂往。玉珍得书，挥之去令回报，迨夜，玉珍旋军。功追摄至七星关，大破其众。梁王回中庆，奏升功为云南行省平章，以主阿妻之。一日主与宴酣，歌『金指环』云：「将星挺生扶寳阙，寳阙金枝接玉叶。灵辉彻南北东西，皓皓中天光映月。玉文金印大如斗，犹唐贵主结配偶。父王永寿同碧鸡，豪杰长作擎天手。」功久居梁王府，嫡妻高夫人在大理作词寄功云：「风卷残云，九霄冉冉逐。龙池无偶，水云一片绿。寂寞倚帏屏，春雨纷纷促。蜀锦半间，鸳鸯独自宿，珊瑚枕冷，泪滴针穿目，好难禁。将军一去无度，身与影立，影与身独，盼将军只恐乐极生悲寃鬼哭。」至正二十四年春，功还大理，至洱海金鸡庙，夫人遣人适来报生子，功喜，作歌曰：「去时野火通山赤，凯歌回奏梁王怿。自冬抵此又阳春，时物变迁今又昔。归来草色绿无数，桃花正秾柳苞絮。杜鹃啼处日如年，声声只促人归去。」至正二十五年，功思新婚，欲往梁王所。员外杨智于壁间题诗留功，张希矫亦上书留行。功曰：「寳剑岂埋荒土物耶！」矫苦留不已，功怒流矫于顺州。顺州，前明属鹤庆府，今裁在永北厅城西一百二十里。唐时地名牛睒。遂与夫人别，倍道至中庆。梁王疑之，私议曰：「平章此来，得无有吞金马咽碧鸡之心。」其下有姤功者复谗构之。王与阿谋欲以孔雀胆毒功。私泄之，愿与西归。（今）〔令〕功周防，功不信。是年滇大旱，人言定远有禅僧连精，通瑜伽秘密敎，能降龙役鬼。启梁王，王遣人迎至，僧设坛祈雨，咒毕，钵中出一小蛇，遂大雨。王大喜，酬以金帛，辞，役鬼荷担，行空而去。顺帝丙午至正二十六年春，中原盗蠭起，临安廉访使支渭兴三恳休，梁王不允，遣使金闾慰，赐羔羊。渭兴自咏曰：「年高才薄忝淸流，欲挂朝冠不自由。且喜壮怀无诉谍，从敎行道有鸣驺。故园花木无由见，何日干戈定得休。九十春光还欲暮，放怀聊与醉金瓯。」重午节，梁王宫门外观射柳，随侍文武赐宴，支渭兴诗贺曰：「平地如席草如茵，少年将军酒半醺。朱鬣马穿人影过，绿杨枝逐箭锋分。旌旗色映宫前瓦，鼓角声飘海上云。何日鲸鲵倶授首，普天偃武共修文。」七月，梁王偕功东寺讲经，至通济桥，功马逸，王乘机令番将掖杀之。阿闻之恸哭曰：「昨灯下吾犹言，云南施宗施秀二人以胭花殡命，奈何不信。今果然。」命侍女锦被包之，以王礼敛送归大理。诗挽之云：「吾家住在雁门深，一片间云到滇海。心悬明月照靑天，靑天不语今三岁。黄嵩历乱苍山秋，误我一生踏里彩。华言锦被也。吐噜吐噜段阿奴，施宗施秀同奴歹。云片波潾不见人，押不芦花华言起死灵草也。颜色改。肉屏华言骆驼也。独坐细思量，西山铁立华言松林也。风潇洒。」功丧旣行，阿遂不食死，以殉焉。其家臣员外杨智渊海闻而亦死之。智临死诗曰：「半战功名百战身，不堪今日总红尘。死生自古皆由命，祸福于今岂怨人。蝴蝶梦残滇海月，杜鹃啼破点苍春。哀怜永诀云南土，絮酒还敎洒泪频。」明洪武间都督冯诚经功墓，亦歩原韵题诗，吊之曰：「田横五百剑孤身，转眼关山半委尘。北阙玉楼召客记，南滇粉壁说诗人。苍山夜黑云遮月，金马天寒鸟怨春。共惜平章迷绣幕，至今愁听水声频。」功死，长子宝自称平章，立于大理。功任蜀二十二年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Bao《段宝　功之子 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Bao《段宝　功之子 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段宝，于元顺帝丙午至正二十六年八月，因父功为梁王所害，遂自称平章，立于大理。是年，梁王开科取士，以支渭兴主试事。梁王复听谗，诛锄段族。梁段旣结仇，数数构兵。鹤庆知事杨升调和二家，自金鸡庙分界，南属梁王，北属段氏，力劝息兵，百姓稍宁。至正丁未二十七年四月，梁王生日，群臣称贺。王宴于昆明池上，省宪官献诗曰：「贤君添算宴嘉宾，幄殿先施巨海滨。万里晴天开绵绣，一川芳草踏麒麟。笙歌暖送金杯酒，铠仗寛围玉佩人。醉饱百官咸稽首，愿王高寿过千春。」中庆路土主庙圮，梁王重修，立牌纪事。先是，至正十二年庙为耆民杨光所修。至二十三年红巾贼入滇，陷中庆，毁民居，庙亦被焚。梁王欲并段氏，遣人剌宝，弗得。又令平章矢剌七攻大理，皆不克。乃遣使通好，奏授宝为云南右丞，以和之。红巾复入滇，梁王命叔铁木的罕赍敕借兵于宝，宝答书曰：「杀虎母还喂虎子，分狙栗自诈狙，公假途灭虢，献璧吞虞，金印玉书，设钓鱼之香饵，绣阁艳女，备揜雉之网罗。况平章已死，只遗一奴一獒，奴可配阿妃，獒可配华黎氏。二事许诺，当借大兵。不然，金马山换作点苍山，昆明海改作西洱海，兵来矣。」书后又附一诗云：「烽火狼烟信不符，骊山一举任枝梧。平章枉挂红罗帐，员外空题粉壁图。凤去岐山祥兆隐，麟戕大野瑞光无。自从界限鸿沟后，成败兴亡不属吾。」梁王读而深恨之。是年，明太祖取燕京，元顺帝北遁，元亡。明太祖戊申洪武元年，梁王复通好于宝，辞甚卑逊，宝许之和。时有蛮舍兴者，自元江攻入鄯阐，王惧欲出奔，宝以唇齿之故率兵救之，击走舍兴。王德宝，升为武定公。敕曰：「段宝归附而来，忠勤懋著，父子秉忠，征讨克捷，乃于戎马倥偬之中，干戈纷扰之际，不第远朝且兼平乱。宜示至优之数，以彰匡济之勋，兹特升宝为武定公，仍总管大理军民府。尔其不负初心，永保世爵，以光大尔赤城于无穷。宣光元年敕。」云云。宣光乃故元顺帝太子立于应昌年号也。太祖洪武辛亥四年，宝降于太祖，上奏云：「臣闻有天下者为天下之主，有列土者为列土之君。卑臣宝虽隔万里之遥，每切中原之向。大理有二帝三皇之后，一方九姓之传，汉晋六朝以来，大蒙国受封于前唐，残唐五季而终，二理国继守于两宋，臣祖思平等恪共藩复，贡礼屡修于中土，华风远畅于边隅。迨至故元，不尚仁义，专事暴残。顺帝已遁北方，梁王犹祸鄯阐。迩闻明主奉天承运，御极南京，中原太平，边徼宁乂。意者中国有圣人，履尭舜之正统，陋汉唐之浅图，天时人事然也。或命臣依汉唐故例，岁贡天朝，或仿元代职名，俾守旧土。庶深谷回阳，幽扄照日，八方浴德，六合同春，垂怜边境，救恤一方。欲修进贡，恐触明威，合待事体之定，专候圣旨之颁，谨此。」专差段贞、王伯鹘驰奏以闻。太祖诏谕答之。洪武五年，宝女兄名羌娜，小名僧奴，又名宝姑者，适建昌土官阿黎。先是，羌娜绣一旗，至是将嫁，以旗付宝嘱曰：「母常语我云尔父为梁王所害，必当报仇，惟望尔辈长大。我闻母言，故绣此旗已五年矣！今我嫁至夫家，收拾建昌、东川军马，飞报若到，女急来应，愼勿违焉。」临行，又以二诗别宝云：「珊瑚钩起出深闺，满目潸然泪湿衣。氷鉴银台前长大，金枝玉叶下芳菲。鸟飞兔走频来往，桂秀梅香不暂移。惆怅同胞未忍别，应知恨重点苍低。」「何彼秾兮花正红，香车独去洱河东。鸿飞雪岫难经目，风刺霜林易割胸。云白天高连水远，月新春叠与秋重。一作闺里绣旗寃父魄，天边提剑属儿曹。泪珠恰似通宵雨，千里关山几处逢。一作须知恨重苍山小，回首寒云千万重。」洪武辛酉十四年四月，国中巫女歌曰：「莫道君为山海主，山海笑谐谐。园中花谢千万朶，别有明主来。」数日，宝卒，子明袭。宝任职十四年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Ming《段明　宝之子  》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Ming《段明　宝之子  》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段明，明太祖洪武辛酉十四年四月袭，梁王授明为宣慰使。九月，明太祖命颖川侯溥友德，列侯曹正、王弼、金朝兴，都督郭英、张铨等，率师三十万征云南。帝出饯于龙江。友德至湖广，分遣都督胡海洋、陈桓等领兵五万，由四川永宁趋乌撒。友德等率大军由辰沅趋贵州。进攻普定，擒土酋安瓒，诸苗蛮犵狫闻风迎降。十二月，溥友德等兵至普安，攻下之，进至曲靖。先是，梁王把匝剌瓦尔密遣其司徒平章达里麻将精兵十馀万屯曲靖，以拒明师。沐英曰：「彼谓我师疲于深入，未有虞心，乃可破也。」友德然之，遂倍道进师。将至白石江，忽大雾四塞，冲雾及江而上。顷之雾雾，则两军相望，达里麻见之大惊，以为神军飞至，拥军阵于南岸。沐英分遣一军，沂流潜渡，出其阵后，吹铜角，树旗帜，为疑兵山谷间。达里麻急撤阵后，军以御之，上军阵乱。友德等趣师济江，一涌而渡，旣渡，整列进战。敌众披靡，生擒达里麻，横尸十馀里，俘其众二万人，友德悉慰遣之。友德进击乌撒，分遣沐英等趣云南。梁王闻达里麻破，弃城走晋宁州，忽忽纳岩，寻入滇池岛中，先缢其妃，自饮药不死，投水死之。父老收塟云南城西三十里浄耳山，土人立庙妙音寺侧。后至嘉靖间，拆庙材修社学，乃因旧址为小寺祀之。云南右丞观音保以城降。英等入城，秋毫无犯。收梁王金印并符信图籍，安抚其民。友德亦自曲靖循格孤山而北，以应永宁之兵。时元右丞实卜闻胡海洋等进自永宁，乃聚兵赤水河，以拒之。海洋等造木筏，夜半济河，而友德亦至，实卜遁去。友德令将士于乌撒筑城，版锸方具。蛮众复合，斩首三千馀级，馀众溃散。遂城乌撒，得七星关，以通毕节。又克可渡河，于是东川、乌蒙、芒部诸蛮震惧，望风降附。先是，洪武壬子五年正月，帝遣翰林待制王禕、行参政吴云持诏谕云南梁王，令奉版图来归。梁王初不从，后有降意。至洪武六年十二月，会元太子爱猷识里达刺立于汉北，使侍郞脱脱征饷于云南，脱脱觇知梁王有二心，因以危言逼王，杀使臣以绝其念，王遂杀禕，父老收尸塟地藏寺北。吴云奉使时，会梁王遣铁知院等二十人使沙漠，为边将所获，帝乃释二十人，令与云倶行。至沙塘口，二十人谋曰：「吾等奉使不达，被执而还，罪必死。」乃说云令胡服编发，诈为元使。又逼令改制书，共给梁王。云不从，以死自誓，亦被害。梁王遣人收云骨，塟给孤独寺，及事闻，帝震怒，故有是役。按：王禕字子充，浙江金华府义乌县人。建文时赐谥文节，永乐登极，凡建文设施尽革，遂削禕谥。后至正统中，义乌县丞刘杰奏请，加奉使云南死节臣恤典，禕赐谥文忠。吴云字友云，江苏常州府宜兴县人。至弘治中，赠谥忠节，并祀云南，敕赐为二忠祠。是年冬十二月，明卒，叔世袭。明任职一年。
|
|-
|段世　宝之弟，明之叔
|
|-
|	段（氏）〔世〕，明太祖壬戌洪武十五年袭。二月，世闻鄯阐破，梁王已死，又以沐英等兵略寻甸、临安、澄江、元江、楚雄、洱海，次第皆下，进逼大理，乃遣使致书，请依唐宋故事，奉正朔为外臣。友德不听，答书谕令速降。凡三致书，世怒，遂遣都使张元亨、州判李洪赴军前下战书。畧云：「鄯阐危甚登天，大理险倍投海。英如汉武，昔战仅置益州；雄若胡元，设官止于中庆。取之易而守之难，莫若依吾请乞册封，定为进贡，始为良策。吾实武人，不通经史，前代得失则餍闻也。恭惟麾下振耀皇威，功不亚于孔明，才克比于方叔。涤山川之旧染，历代所未有也。况吾与尔旣无杀父之仇，又无财债之怨，无故交战，真乃不祥。尔屯威楚，彼处之民有何罪焉？若耗人之食，是绝其命；取人之财，是刳其心；摅人妻女，是乱人伦，则吾之应，不得已也。爰念尔等皆中国之人，其中岂无一二达士。得此何益？不得何损？西南之地，号为不毛，易动难安。今春气渐暄，烟瘴渐起，不须杀尔，四五月间，雨霖河泛，尔粮尽气敝，十散九死。形如鬼魅，色如黑漆，欲活不能，汝之进退狼狈矣。莫若乘此，天晴地乾，早寻活路。宁作中原鬼，莫作边地魂，尔宜图之。后理国段明顿首。」书后继一诗云：「长驱虎旅势威宣，深入不毛取暴残。汉武故营旗影灭，唐宗遗垒角声寒。方今天下平犹易，自古云南守独难。拟欲华夷归一统，经纶度量必须寛。」友德、英等览书大怒，拘其使。左副将军蓝玉等率师径进，兵至品甸，世恃田庵和尚有术，列兵五万扼下关。沐英自将攻之，不克。乃命王弼，率兵出洱水之东，趋上关，英以兵缀下关，为犄角势。别遣胡海洋将一军夜度，从石门间绕道出点苍山后，縁崖而上张旗帜。迟明，英先驱，渡河斩关而入，海洋之师亦从山而下，腹背夹攻。世众惊溃，拔其城，世就擒，并执明之二子苴仁、苴义，时二月二十三日也。于是沐英等分兵取鹤庆、丽江，破石门关，荡金齿，所有摩、和泥、车里、品缅等部相率归附。又略建昌，故元平章月普帖木儿降。闰二月，赐云南各土官冠带及诰敕，使任本州岛知州等官。四月，乌撒、东川、芒部诸蛮复叛，溥友德、沐英会兵进讨，斩首三万馀级，诸蛮来降，云南悉平。以乌撒、乌蒙、芒部地近四川，分隶之。九月，土官杨苴等叛，紏众至二十万，攻云南城。都督谢熊、指挥冯诚婴城固守。沐英自乌撒移兵讨之，斩首六万馀级，擒四千馀人，诸部悉定。洪武癸亥十六年二月，故元右丞普颜笃同土酋高大一作天惠叛，据佛光砦。蔚按：佛光砦卽佛光山，山半有洞，可容万人。又名一女关。昔诸葛武侯曾擒孟获于此。在大理府浪穹县东二十里。也先不花叛，据邓川州。溥友德率郭英平之。又定蒙化州，过金沙江，攻北胜府，今永北厅。擒故元平章隔生。于是丽江府、拒津等州皆平，前后斩首一万三千级，蛮民降者四十万户。帝遣耿炳文谕溥友德、蓝玉等班师，沐英留镇云南，别命列侯王志、仇成、张龙分赴寻甸各府，缮城池，立屯堡，安辑人民。是年，械送世并明之二子苴仁、苴义赴京。世临行，以诗别故人杨朝彦云：「雄兵一日破重关，父子流离瞬息间。别后欲知相忆处，锦江流水彩潺潺。」洪武甲子十七年四月，溥友德等班师至京，论平云南功，进封溥友德为颖国公，胡海洋东川侯，陈桓普定侯，张翼鹤庆侯，蓝玉、仇成、王弼、张龙等并赐铁券，子孙世袭。吴复、金朝兴先卒，倶授世袭侯爵，铁券加禄并同。馀升职赐金帛有差。以世、苴仁、苴义见帝，帝诛其头目，谕苴仁、苴义及世曰：「尔祖宝，昔年曾有降表，朕不忍废。」乃授苴仁官雁门卫镇抚，赐名归仁，苴义官武昌卫镇抚，赐名归义。世任职一年，段氏世土，至此而绝。帝又封其族段保为云龙州土知州。
|
|-
|按：段氏袭总管十二世，起南宋理宗辛酉景定二年，为蒙古世祖中统二年，讫明太祖壬戌洪武十五年，共一百二十二年。
|
|-
|}
==Notable Officials from Nanzhao through the Generations《南诏历代名宦》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Notable Officials from Nanzhao through the Generations《南诏历代名宦》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|张元，汉元帝时守。　张翕，东汉明帝时守。　郑纯，同时。　王追，东汉顺帝时守。　王伉，后汉时永昌郡丞。　吕凯，同时永昌郡功曹。　前有文齐、吴霸、陈立，后有张亮、刘宠、犍为费诗，巴东马忠皆著勋绩。　李毅，晋惠帝光煕元年为宁州刺史，政治明达，五苓夷反时病卒，其女秀有父才，领州事。至怀帝时赠少府谥威侯。　王逊东，晋明帝大宁元年为晋宁守，华夷畏服。夷叛，死之。州人以中子坚领州事，官至平西安南将军。
|
|-
|汉盛览，字长通，叶楡今大理府太和县。人，受学司马相如，著赋心四卷。同时叶楡张叔，天资奇颖，书过目成诵。俗不知学，叔每病之。闻司马相如至若水，蔚按：『水经注』：若水南经云南郡之遂久县，县废，在今大理府宾川州城东北一百里，古称白门，置于汉时，今为金沙江巡检司地。遂负笈往从之，受经归敎乡人。　隗叔通，叶楡人，性至孝，母好饮江水，通日入江取水，维艰。滩水忽出平石，涉取甚便，人谓之孝子石。　东汉许叔，一作叔重。昆明人，明帝时入中国，受五经归，为本郡敎授。　尹珍，字道真，平彝人，桓帝时入中国，负笈从许愼受经学，还敎乡人。　唐尹仇寛，叶楡人，德宗贞元间为蒙氏淸平官，入朝陈地图，贡方物，唐拜为左散骑常侍，封高溪郡侯。　张志成，昆明人，文宗太和间入蜀，学王羲之草书，归敎国人。　元王升，昆明人，曲靖宣慰副使学政名时。　段文瑞，澄江人，读书尽孝，诏旌其门，仕至临安总管。　杨惠，楚雄人，孝母感神，诏旌其门。　张景云，昆明人，仕至临安经历。　陈宝，平彝人，仕至尚书。尹贡，南宁人，仕至尚书。以上三人皆德政名时。　元朝进士王楫、李近仁、段天祥、李天佑、李郁五人，皆三甲同进士出身。
|
|-
|}

==Ethnic Groups of Nanzhao==
===Baimin《白民》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Baimin《白民》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|有阿白、白儿子、民家等名。白国之后，卽滇中之土著。妇女出门，携伞障面，谓之避嫌。宴客，切肉拌蒜，名曰食生。馀同汉人。女镶边衣，以银花银吊为饰。
|There is the '''Ā''' '''Bái (阿白)''', '''Bái Erzǐ''' ('''白儿子'''), '''Mínjiā''' ('''民家''') and other names. The descendants of the '''Bái Kingdom''' are precisely the indigenous peoples of Central Yunnan. [When] women go out, they bring an umbrella to block their faces, this is called '''Bìxián''' ('''避嫌; avoiding suspicion'''). [When] hosting a banquet, they cut meat and garlic, this is called '''Shíshēng''' ('''食生; eating raw'''). The rest are similar to Han people. Women wear embroidered clothes, they use silver flowers and silver hangings as decoration.
|-
|}

===Pu Ren《蒲人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Pu Ren《蒲人
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽古百濮，周书所谓微卢彭濮也，后讹为蒲。质黑，鸟音。男子淸布褁头，衣套头衣，膝系黑滕；妇人挽发为髻，脑后戴靑绿磁珠，花布围腰，短裙，系海十数围。带刀弩长牌，不畏深渊，或浮以渡。婚娶长幼跳蹈，吹芦笙为孔雀舞，婿家立标竿，上悬彩绣荷包，中贮五谷银钱等者，两家男妇大小争缘取之，以得者为胜。又有野蒲、普蛮、朴子蛮等类，性尤凶悍，男子以布二幅结于左胁，另用布一幅合缝挂身；以红布搭右肩蔽腰以下。今顺宁府多此种。
|Anciently this was the '''Baipu (百濮)''', the '''Book of Zhou (周書)''' mentions the '''Wēi''' '''(微), Lú''' '''(卢),''' '''Péng''' '''(彭)''' and '''Pú''' '''(濮)'''. Later errors [turned it] into '''Pú  (蒲)'''. By nature they are black and their language [resembles] birds. Men wrap clean/clear&lt;ref&gt;Likely referring to white cloth.&lt;/ref&gt; cloth on their head and dress in tunic garments that are put over the head. They bind their knees with black rattan. Women roll up [their] hair as a topknot. At the back of the head, they wear clear blue-green porcelain beads. Printed cloth encircles the waist; they wear short skirts, connecting abundantly ten [or more] encirclements. They carry knives, bows and long shields. They are unafraid of deep abysses perhap even floating across it. At wedding ceremonies old and young alike jump and stamp, they play the reed pipe for the '''peacock dance'''. At the bridegroom's house they erect a pole, on it a bright embroidered purse is hung. Inside it stores the five crops, silver coins and other things. The two families of men and women, old and young, vie to fetch it. Once obtained, the person is victorious. Once more, there is the '''Wild Pú (野蒲), Pŭ mán (普蛮)''', '''Pú Zǐ mán (朴子蛮)''' and other types. Their nature is outstandingly fierce. The men tie two lengths of cloth at the left flank, [and] another length of cloth is stitched together and hangs off the body. There is red cloth to hang on the right shoulder to cover the body below the waist. Nowadays '''Shùnníng''' '''(顺宁)''' prefecture has many people of this type.&lt;ref&gt;Modern Day Fengqing County in Southwestern Yunnan. 鳳慶縣. Historically close to the Wa peoples and Austroasiatic population.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}

===Bo Ren《僰人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Pu Ren《蒲人
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名百夷，又名摆夷。性耐暑热，居多在棘下。本澜沧江外夷人。有水旱二种：水僰夷近水好浴，剃后发，蓄前发，盘髻如瓢，故又名瓢头僰夷；旱僰夷山居耕猎，又名汉僰夷。男靑布褁头，簪花；妇女不施胭粉，自然白晳，盘发辫，红绿包头，饰以五彩线须，衣五色衣，桶裙绣边。其俗贱女贵男，头目妻数百人，庶民亦数十，耕织贸易，皆妇人任之。凡婚娶，男女相悦而议聘，一成匹配，不肃而严。如夫妇不睦，听夫付之一物为凭，然后改适。有邪术，能使男子千里不忘，其法不外传也。
|
|-
|}

===Lahu《猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Lahu《猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|爨蛮卢鹿之裔，猓猡其讹音也。以五月为春。信鬼尚巫，巫有大觋皤，拜禡白马之号。卜用雄鸡两髀骨，骨有细窍，刺以竹签，视多寡向背之势以定吉凶。其部长妻曰耐得，勇士曰苴可。每岁六月廿四日，名火把节，燃松炬，照村砦田庐。男椎髻镊须，耳环佩刀；妇披发短衣，桶裙，披羊皮。
|
|-
|}

===Bai Lahu《白猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Bai Lahu《白猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名撒马都，卽西爨白蛮。知读书，能文字，舌音淸便，多冒汉人。见尊长披羊皮，故嫁女授羊皮一帐。短衣革履，胸挂花包。妇人花衣桶裙，靑布蒙头，饰以海贝、锡铃。
|
|-
|}

===Hei Lahu《黑猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Hei Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽东爨乌蛮。其祝以铃，其占以草。男挽发贯耳，披毡佩刀；妇人贵者衣套头衣，方领如井字，无襟带，自头罩下，长曳地尺许，披黑羊皮，饰以铃索。
|
|-
|}

===Qian Lahu《乾猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Hei Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|以山居得名。每食插筯饭中，仰天跪拜为报本。好勇喜斗，杀人偿以财。服饰同黑猓猡，妇人项挂一羊毛筐，行住纽毛为绵。以织毯。
|
|-
|}

===Hai Lahu《海猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Hai Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名坝猓猡，以种水田得名。盖土人以水为海，以平田为坝也。居家俭朴，知读书。服饰如汉人，妇如白猓猡。
|
|-
|}

===Miao Lahu《妙猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Miao Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|多土官之裔，有营长、官奴、火头等称。男挽发贯耳；妇人桶裙无裤，穿套头衣，前不揜胫，后长曳地，衣边火焰，弯曲如旗尾。居茅舍，中堂作火炉，父子妇姑，围炉而卧。又有一种，戴鹊帽者，名猓落蛮；白布褁胫者，曰白脚猓猡。
|
|-
|}

===Ge Lahu《葛猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Ge Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名大头猓猡。男以靑布丈许裹发为大头，女戴布花线箍。婚嫁步行，妇避伯，不避翁。亦有顶盔擐甲，乘马佩刀，以劫抢为生者。然居家尊卑有序，会食以跪为敬。
|
|-
|}

===Azhela Lahu《阿者猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Azhela Lahu《阿者猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男女皆耳环手钏，衣短裤，披羊皮。婚娶，婿亲负女以归。
|Men and women each wear earrings and hand bracelets. Their clothes are short pants with sheepskin drapes. At weedings, the bridegroom's realtives carry the women back.
|-
|}

===Awu Lahu《阿乌猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Awu Lahu《阿乌猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|性狡好獵。多蓄牛羊。每砦設官房一所，婚嫁並集其中。男短衣，女長衣，倶裹頭，貫耳，出入帶刀弩。
|They are cunning in nature and fond of hunting. They raise many cattle and sheep. Every stockaded settlement has an official building for marriages to be held within. Men's clothes are short, women's clothes are long. Both wrap their heads, pierce their ears. When going out, they carry knives and bows. 
|-
|}

===Luwu Lahu《鲁屋猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Azhela Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|耕种射猎为生。男短衣木屐，女长裙跣足。
|They make a living by cultivation, shooting and hunting. Men wear short garments and wooden clogs, women wear long skirts and tread barefoot.
|-
|}

===Sami Lahu《撒米猓猡 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Sami Lahu《撒米猓猡 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|居山，耕瘠负薪，近水，捕鱼时给。面多黧黑，男挽发如鬏，毛褐被毡，佩短刀。女披靑布单，短裙，长裤。又有鲁兀、老乌、撒完、洒泥、阿蝎、阿系等类，衣饰风俗畧同。
|
|-
|}

===Liaowu Lahu《老牾猓猡 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Liaowu Lahu《老牾猓猡 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽罗婺，又名罗午、罗武。男披发贯耳，披毡佩刀，穿火草布衣；女辫髪垂肩，饰以海贝砗磲，穿火草布裙。无床帏被褥，以松毛籍地而卧。
|
|-
|}

===Lahu Hei《猓黑 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Lahu Hei《猓黑 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|蒲蛮别种。择丛篁深处，结茅而居。蜂虫鼠蛤，无所不食，以荞稗为上品。又有大猓黑、小猓黑，岩居野处，猿猱同类。
|
|-
|}

===Putu《普特》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Putu《普特》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|以渔为业，舟不盈丈，而炊爨、牲畜、资生之具，无不咸备。泅水出没，口衔手捉，皆巨鱼也。今云南府省城西碧鸡山下，多有此种。
|
|-
|}

===Diyang Gui《地羊鬼 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Diyang Gui《地羊鬼 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦僰人类也。短发黄睛，奸狡嗜利。与人相仇，能行妖术，以木石易人心肾，或以一帚系衣后，变形为象、马、猪、羊、猫、犬等物。稍畏惧之，卽为所魅，入人腹中，食五脏，或潜至人家，偷窃财物，食婴儿。知者一手捉之，一手痛殴，必复为人，夺其帚縻之，彼必以家赀之半匄脱。或有娶其女者，夫每出，必问归期，卽饵以毒，如期而归，更以药觧，否则毒发而死。交易失信，及私窥其要女者，必毒之。此种元江州为甚。
|
|-
|}

===Wo Ni《窝泥》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Wo Ni《窝泥》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|有和泥、（干）〔斡〕泥、哈泥、路弼等名。黑白两种，风俗畧同。男戴麦杆帽，穿火草布衣，耳环，跣足；妇女辫发数绺，海贝、杂珠，盘旋为髻，套衣桶裙。善养猪，其猪小耳短身，长不过三十筋，肉肥腯，名窝泥猪。婚用媒妁，路遇野兽，则返而他求。嫁则以红藤束膝为识。勤生啬用，每积贝一百二十索为一窖，临死嘱其子曰：「积贝若干，汝取某窖，馀留我为来生用。」死则以雌雄鸡各一殉。又有一种名糯比，与此同，其生者名哥泥，亦名瓦黑，好勇尚斗，能咒人使病。
|
|-
|}

===Achang《阿昌》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Achang《阿昌》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名峨昌。男短衣披布单，女长衣无裤，腰缠红藤。占用竹三十三枝，畧如筮仪。嗜酒，觅禽兽虫豸生啖之。旧俗兄死弟妻嫂，后有罗扳砦百夫长早正死，其妻方艾自誓不失节，饿而死，其风遂革。又有小阿昌，其俗畧同。
|
|-
|}

===Acheng《阿成》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Acheng《阿成》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男短衣，女桶裙，以树皮代瓦。婚用牛羊，至女家以水泼女足为定。
|
|-
|}

===Biju《比苴》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Biju《比苴》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|僰夷别种。男耳环革屐，女白帨束发，缠叠如仰螺。构楼而居近水，极寒犹浴。丧尚绯，夫死，妻不再嫁，名曰鬼妻。又有白布缠足者，名白脚僰夷，亦名孔荅；茜齿，文身，髠者，名光头僰夷；额上黥刺月牙纹，盖习车里之俗，所谓雕题也。
|
|-
|}

===Heipu《黑舗 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Heipu《黑舗 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名黑普，俗同窝泥，形容黧黑，怕见汉人。畜山羊，作竹器，一切床几櫈杌，备极精巧。
|
|-
|}

===Heiqian Yi《黑乾夷 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Heiqian Yi《黑乾夷 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男椎髻麻衣，耳环垂肩；女以毛褐细带，编如筛罩，首饰以海贝、砗磲，衣领亦然。婚配，男吹芦笙，女弹口琴，唱和调悦，先野合，后媒妁。
|
|-
|}

===Shansu《山苏》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Shansu《山苏》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男披发跣足，女椎髻蒙头。语似鸟音，形如猿猴。潜居深山，种荞、麻，或工或猎，夷中之最苦者。
|
|-
|}

===Chusu《车苏》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Chusu《车苏》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名扯苏，傍岩临水。男短衣皮履，女长裙无裤。种荞稗，绩线为业，以羊毛占（睛）〔晴〕雨。
|
|-
|}

===Laji《喇鸡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Laji《喇鸡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名喇记。黑布帽白衫。好楼居，孟春作土主会，客至，掘鼠及虾蟆为敬。其在交趾者，男善枪，女善弩，多充交兵。又有白喇鸡，男女倶穿五色氆氇，食山虫、水蛇等物。
|
|-
|}

===Lawu《喇五 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Lawu《喇五 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦曰喇乌，又曰喇鲁。男如摆夷，女如窝泥，构楼临水而居。上人下畜，名曰掌房。其在腾越州者，食巨蟒、毒虫，或取蜂糟食之。
|
|-
|}

===Manla《獛喇 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Manla《獛喇 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男插鸡毛，女裹首巾，皆披羊皮，不浣濯。婚配先野合。每采蒙肚花蒙肚花树皮如藓，能毒人。生景东厅，今不产矣。欲人醉死则醉采，欲人狂死则狂采，以毒人。又一种在王弄山者，名马喇
|
|-
|}

===Hala《哈喇 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Hala《哈喇》
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Research Commentary'''&lt;br&gt; This is likely one of the autonyms for the Wa people transcribed by the Chinese who normally did not standardize it between 哈喇 (Hālā), 哈瓦 (Hāwǎ), or 嘎剌 (Gālǎ).&lt;br&gt;'''Supporting Primary Sources:'''
{| class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; background:transparent;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;text-align:center; cursor:pointer;&quot; | [Show/Hide Source Commentaries]
|-
| class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot; |
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; text-align:left; margin:0;&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 1: Baiyizhuan
|-
|
The Hala《哈喇》have been mentioned in the [[Wikibooks|Baiyizhuan]]. {{quote|text='''Hālà''' ('''哈剌'''), men and women are [both] black, truly black. Men use printed cloth&lt;ref&gt;g&lt;/ref&gt; for covering themselves, also which the One Hundred bararians effectively manufacture; married women have top knots behind [their head]. It is tied at the back of their neck with various pearls and beads. '''Suō luó''' ('''娑罗''')&lt;ref&gt;'''Sarong''' today, however this appears to be a complex term with many copyediting issues historically, Brahmin drapes, Suoluolong, eventually describing a type of silk-cottob robe made from plant materials.&lt;/ref&gt; are draped around their bodies as clothes, horizontally it connected at the waist and lower back as a skirt. ('''Suō luóbù pī''' ('''娑罗布披''') namely is the Chinese Cotton Tree (Bombax Ceiba) cloth, strong and thick, possibly weaved as blue, red patterns.) Yet it encircles black rattan several hundred times, wrapped at the waist and lower back, it wraps around [their leg] to be used as a blue printed cloth [as they're] barefoot. 

([Used amongst the] Pú mán (蒲蠻), āchāng (阿昌), shì jiàn (事見)&lt;ref&gt;Only said once in the document and not obvious to allusions elsewhere. &lt;/ref&gt;; [according to the] The Yunnan Gazeteer&lt;ref&gt;Written by Fan Chuo of the 9th century, also known as 蛮书 (Barbarian Document)&lt;/ref&gt;.)}}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 2: Dian Lue 《滇略》 
|-
|
The Hala《(哈喇) are listed among the list of indigenous groups of the Yunnan border region in Volume 9 (卷九). In this text the group is written in with the Gula (古剌){{quote|text=「其類有小伯、夷大伯、夷蒲人、阿昌漂人、'''古刺哈喇''''、緬人、結𣆟&lt;!--Jiexie continution, but this is 17th century --&gt;、遮...」}}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 3: Dushi Fangyu Jiyao
|-
|
Hala is listed as bordering the Tai polity of Möng Yang. {{quote|text=「戛里。在司西南，孟養別部也。又有'''哈喇杜諸蠻，皆近孟養'''、緬甸之境。」&lt;br&gt;'''English''': Kalay. Located to the Southwest Pacification Commission, it is a district of Möng Yang. There are also Hala Barbarian tribes, who all are close to Möng Yang, at the border of Myanmar.}}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 4: Illustrated History of Yunan
|-
|
They construct wooden nests to live in. (The Hala Man (哈剌蠻) have given names but no family names. Their appearances are crude and their bodies are dark. Their clothing and diet are similar to the Pu Man (蒲蠻), but their nature is gentle and timid. Fearing government officials, they live in nests built in the mountains and practice slash-and-burn agriculture. They grow mostly dry-land grains. Some of the men shave their heads, and all wear hats made of bamboo shoot sheaths.
|-
|}
|}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男女黑色，不知盥栉。妇女红黑藤缠腰数十围，产子以竹兜盛之，负于肩。又有古喇、杜喇，色尤甚，言语不通，略似人形而已。
|Men and women are black in complexion and do not know how to wash or comb. Women use red-black rattan to bind around their waist 10 or so times. When they give birth, the child goes in a bamboo cradle carried on their shoulders. There are the &lt;strong&gt;Gǔlǎ (古喇)&lt;/strong&gt;、&lt;strong&gt;Dùlǎ (杜喇)&lt;/strong&gt;, who have complexions outstandingly dark. Their speech is unintelligible [to the author], they only barely appear human in appearance.
|-
|}

===Jiala《戞喇》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Jiala《戞喇》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|悍好猎，居山巅，户不正出，迎山开门，不留馀粟。
|They fiercely enjoy hunting and reside on mountain summits. Their doors do not face directly outward but face to face open towards the mountains. They do not retain any surplus grain. 
|-
|}

===Kala《卡喇》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Kala《卡喇
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦曰卡腊，男穿耳挽发，佩短刀；女短衣无裤，胫著彩色折裤。聚族而居，耕种鬻薪。
|Also known as '''Kǎlà (卡腊)''', men pierce their ears, tie their hair and wear short knives. Women wear short clothes without trousers and brightly coloured, multi-coloured folded leggings on their shins. They reside in clan communities, cultivating and selling firewood. 
|-
|}

===Kasui《卡隋》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Kasui《卡隋》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名卡高，性顽钝，喜歌舞。男女多野合。婚娶通媒妁之日，议聘金，多至数百。娶后子孙犹有代祖父偿聘金者。
|
|-
|}

===Kawa《卡瓦》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Kawa《卡瓦》
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Research Commentary'''&lt;br&gt; According to [[:Zh:W:佤族|Chinese sources]], the '''Kawa （卡瓦）''' were the Wa people who practiced Headhunting as a tradition. This is opposed to the '''Kala（卡喇)''', who had abolished the tradition of headhunting and were influenced by the Shan states.&lt;br&gt;'''Supporting Primary Sources:'''
{| class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; background:transparent;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;text-align:center; cursor:pointer;&quot; | [Show/Hide Source Commentaries]
|-
| class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot; |
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; text-align:left; margin:0;&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 1:
|-
|
Comment
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 2
|-
|
Comment
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 3
|-
|
Comment
|}
|}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|多在顺宁、永昌二郡，辣蒜江外。貌（）〔丑〕性恶，猎人以祭。商贾出腾越州，入木邦者必经其地，呼为卡利瓦。有生熟二种，生者劫掠，熟者保路。
|
|-
|}

===Xifan《西番》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Xifan《西番》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽土番，亦名巴苴，居金沙江边。性悍戾，善弩，男女辫发百绺，不知栉沭。男以藤缠左肘，披琵琶毡，暑热不脱；女以海贝砗磲磁珠饰于项。又有野西番，更不可制。
|
|-
|}

===Guzong《古宗》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Guzong《古宗》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名狤猔，西番别种。皆辫发百绺，男戴红缨，穿氆氇，挂铜铃佩刀，女饰以珊瑚、银泡，披腊瓦被单，皆穿乌拉鞾。经年一栉，栉必牲祭。春夏种荞稗，秋冬赶牛马，取牛羊乳酥，调油茶而食，名曰ø。又有小古宗，喜猎饮酒，馀畧同。
|
|-
|}

===Kuceng《苦葱》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Kuceng《苦葱》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|面丑。男麻衣短裤，女短衣桶裙，亦有衣裤相连者。耕山采薬为生。所佩环手篐，自幼至老不释，死以殉。
|
|-
|}

===Mo《摩》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Mo《摩》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|乌蛮别种。性湻朴，鸟音，男剃发戴帽，长领布衣；女高髻，或戴黑漆尖帽，短衣长裙。畜牛羊，产射香。同类仇杀，妇女登场一劝卽止。岁暮杀牛羊相邀，一客不至为耻。今有读书入泮者。
|
|-
|}

===Li《力》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Li《力》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽。衣麻，披毡，岩居穴处。利刀毒矢，刻不离身，登山捷若猿猱。以土和蜜充饥，得野兽卽生食。尤善弩，每令其妇负小木盾前行，自后射之，中盾而不伤妇，以此制服西番。野力披发插羽，尤悍。
|
|-
|}

===Zhe《遮》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Zhe《遮》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男女皆穿耳，挽发。喜华彩衣，盘旋蔽体。每饮食必精洁。而长于弓弩，尤善鸟铳。
|
|-
|}

===Jiezi《羯子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Jiezi《羯子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|自孟养流入。环眼鸟队，散发，缠藤，耳带大环，首插鸡羽，无衣裤，腹下以麻布一幅围之。负弩佩刀，喊声如犬。又有结，耳带象牙大环，红布围头，衣半身衫，袒右臂，亦其类也。
|
|-
|}

===Muji《拇鸡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Jiezi《羯子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦作。形丑恶，妇女尤甚。椎髻插羽，佩刀负弩。猎食猿狙。见人有蓄，思盗，先用鸡骨卜，吉则徃，否则止。
|
|-
|}

===Mocha《摩察》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Mocha《摩察》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名木察。束发耳环，披毡佩刀，执木弩、药矢，猎取禽兽。妇人皂布蒙头，饰以海贝，长裙细折，多至二十馀幅，前后无衩，名曰桶裙。
|
|-
|}

===Manqie《嫚且》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Manqie《嫚且》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名木察。束发耳环，披毡佩刀，执木弩、药矢，猎取禽兽。妇人皂布蒙头，饰以海贝，长裙细折，多至二十馀幅，前后无衩，名曰桶裙。
|
|-
|}

===Local People《土人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Local People《土人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|（思）〔男〕絮袄佩刀弩，女披毡朿皮索，饥则紧缚之。婚姻以刀甲为聘，披发见舅姑。有争者告天，沸汤投物，以手捉之，曲则糜烂，直者无恙。
|
|-
|}

===Nong ren《侬人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Nong ren《侬人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|侬智高部落之裔。男束发短衣，女短衣密扣，腰缠红裹肚。性狡，漆齿，出入佩刀，长技在铳。
|
|-
|}

===Sha ren《沙人 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Sha ren《沙人 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|越析夷也，又名蒙嶲。男辫发长衣，女以挑花白布蒙头，腰围红布。出入佩刀，耕田、射猎，所居掌房。丧服用红，祭肉弃不食。又有黑沙人，白沙人。聘用牛，旣婚之夕，男女不同室，及回女家，有娠方归。
|
|-
|}

===Luo ren《𤡑人 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Luo ren《𤡑人 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男束发披毡，女短衣露腹，缠红藤，腰系沙罗布裙，上短下长，男女同耕。
|
|-
|}

===Cun ren《狆人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Cun ren《狆人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男缠头跣足，女靑布缠头，畧如僧帽，缀以海贝，彩布衣裙，著大尖鞋。构楼而居，甘犬嗜鼠。又有罗缅、麦岔、叠吗、喇毛等类，顽良不一，衣饰风俗同
|
|-
|}


===Nu ren《怒人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Nu ren《怒人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|居永昌怒江内外。其江深险，四序皆燠，赤地生烟。每二月瘴气腾空，两堤草头交结不开，名交头瘴。男子面多黄瘦，刚狠好杀猎，或采黄连为生，鲜及中寿。妇人披发红藤勒首。每年贡麂皮二十张、山驴皮十张、黄蜡八十筋、麻布三十庹，以代赋税。
|
|-
|}

===Luo ren《𤞰人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Luo ren《𤞰人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|丽江府鹤庆州大雪山外。男女披发，树叶为衣，耳穿七孔，坠以木环。与怒人接壤，畏怒人，不敢越界。
|
|-
|}

===Wild people《野人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Wild people《野人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|永昌界外。居无室庐，宿于树巅。赤发黄睛，首戴骨圏，插雉羽，手足腹皆缠红藤，以幅布或树皮揜下体。勾刀大刃，捕禽兽蛇虫，生食之。逢人卽杀。
|They border outside of '''Yǒngchāng (永昌)'''. They reside without houses and or dwellings, lodging in tree canopies. Their hair is red, and their eyes are yellow; they wear bone rings on their head and stick ringed peasant feathers [into them]. Their hands, feet and waist are all bound with red rattan. They cover their lower bodies with a length of cloth or tree bark. They use hooked knives with large blades to birds, animals, snakes and insects, eating them raw. They promptly kill whoever they encounter.
|-
|}

===Laodao《老挝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Laodao《老挝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|南掌国夷类。戴藤篾黑漆帽，宽二尺许，短衣无裤，用杂色布一疋，从膝下兜绕，围结胸前，名打抄子。妇女耳贯大黑漆圏，塞以野花。
|
|-
|}

===Liemi《列密》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Liemi《列密
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽利米。刀耕火种，精射猎，得鼠雀生啖之。男篾帽皂衣，女辫发赤足。出外披花布，以蔽其身。
|
|-
|}

===Lama《喇嘛》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Lama《喇嘛》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|丽江、鹤庆多有之。来自西藏，招本境摩为徒。有红黄二敎，红弱黄强。毡帽褊衫，各如其色。
|
|-
|}

===Miaozhi《苗子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Miaozhi《苗子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|三苗之后，有九种，黔省最多，流入滇中者，惟仲家花苗而已。束发耳环，未婚者缚楮皮于额，或插鸡毛。女布冠套头衣，桶裙，皆用五彩桃花布为之。每岁孟春跳月，男吹芦笙，女振铃唱和，并肩舞蹈，终日不倦。或以彩为球，视所欢者掷之，暮则同归，比晓乃散，然后议婚。节序击铜鼓，吹呐叭，聚赛神，书契惟数目字，及六十花甲子同，馀不同。
|
|-
|}

===Tuliao《土獠》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Tuliao《土獠
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|其属本在黔、蜀、粤西之交，流入滇中。男首裹靑布，白衣领缀红布一方，妇人冠红巾，衣花绣。性粗桀，好蛊魔之术，其虫夜飞如星，光芒摇曳，射入窓棂，触者病。
|
|-
|}

===Jiaoren《交人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Jiaoren《交人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|安南国之类。男箬笠蕉扇，衣裳楚楚；女面貌颇雅，手贯牙钏，长衣长裙，以红帕蒙头，皆辫发靸鞋。读诗书习礼，仪婚丧之事，倶仿中国。
|
|-
|}

===Burmese people《缅人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Miaozhi《苗子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|缅甸国流入者。有老缅、阿瓦、猛别、雍会、普干、摆古、得楞子等类。长于鸟铳，其火药用麦面傅之，迅疾无声。又有缅目者，称为莽纪，断发文身，漆齿穿耳，蟒衣跣足，头带红缎一方，性喜花草。
|
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Chinese literature]]
[[Category:Non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Medieval historical works]]
[[Category:Works originally in Chinese]]
[[Category:Pages with foreign language text]]
[[Category:Indigenous peoples]]
[[Category:Guidebooks]]
[[Category:History of China]]
[[Category:Wars]]
[[Category:Diplomacy of China]]
[[Category:Subject:Military history]]

[[zh:蛮书]]</text>
      <sha1>ed9d1owo5c26ftdeglzs4qt8tz4cj1m</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679219</id>
      <parentid>4679218</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:25:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Taitesena</username>
        <id>3485636</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Hala《哈喇 》 */</comment>
      <origin>4679219</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="138227" sha1="0rj0p2jotlbbiu16mnwa25n7dxcrs5c" xml:space="preserve">__NOTOC__
{{incomplete translation}}
{{Translation header
 | title    = Unofficial History of Nanzhao (南诏野史)
 | author   = Yang Shen (杨慎)
 | override_editor   = 
 | translator = 'Taitesena'
 | section  =
 | previous =
 | next     =
 | shortcut = 
 | year     = 
 | language = zh
 | original = 
 | notes    =   
}}

== Front Matter ==

# [[Unofficial History of Nanzhao/Translator's Note|Translator's Note]]
# [[Unofficial History of Nanzhao/Influences|Historical Context]]

==Translation==

===Introduction===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Authorship 
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|增订南诏野史上卷 明 四川新都杨愼升庵编辑
|
|-
|}

===The Title of Nanzhao 《南诏之称===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ The Title of Nanzhao 《南诏之称》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|蛮夷称王曰诏。先时滇有六诏，各据其地。六诏中蒙舍诏最强，后并吞五诏，故独称南诏。
|
|-
|六诏考六诏之地，东西四千里，南北二千九百里
|
|-
|蒙舍诏蒙细奴逻立国，居蒙舍川，地在永昌、姚州之间，处五诏之南。后奴逻曾孙皮逻阁并吞五诏，独称南诏。今蒙化厅是邆赕诏丰咩立国，居邓川。今大理府邓川州是施浪诏施望欠立国。居{{浪穹弥茨河蒙次和山，今大理府浪穹县是浪穹诏丰时立国，居浪穹。后其孙铎罗望迁剑川，改称剑浪诏。今丽江府属剑川州地是越析诏波冲立国。亦称摩诏。又号花马国。居嶲州。今丽江府是后，其兄之子于赠渡泸，邑于龙佉河蒙嶲诏嶲辅立国。居越嶲，今四川宁远府，越嶲厅是
|
|-
|}

===The Territorial Divisions of Nanzhao 《南诏分野》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ The Territorial Divisions of Nanzhao 《南诏分野》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|在天井鬼入参一度，汉书。次鹑首末位晋书。丽中台上位北斗开阳一星。宋书。在地乃梁州裔土，蜀之苑囿。河图纬。
|
|-
|}

===The Names by which Nanzhao was known throughout History 《南诏历代称名不同 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ The Names by which Nanzhao was known throughout History 《南诏历代称名不同 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|周鄯阐国、白崖国、昆弥国。战国时滇国，汉西南夷、益州、白子国。后汉建宁国。晋、宋、齐、梁、陈，宁州。隋昆州。唐初，南宁、六诏，唐文宗太和间，名鄯阐府。宋仍名南诏。元名中庆。明名云南省。
|
|-
|	国朝因之。按：汉武帝元狩元年，彩云见南中，在今大理府赵州之白崖。云南之名始此。唐元宗间问蒙舍诏盛逻皮之相张建一作俭成住何处？曰：「南边云下。」因命为云南。又元宗见祥云起，名祥州。今大理府之云南县也。
|
|-
|}

=== General Outline of Successive Nanzhao Rulers' Territorial Control《南诏历代据土总纲》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ General Outline of Successive Nanzhao Rulers' Territorial Control《南诏历代据土总纲》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|鄯阐国蒙苴颂，昆弥国庄蹻、仁果、龙佑那据于周、秦、汉迄六朝。细奴逻据于唐。郑买嗣、赵善政、杨于贞、段思平、高升泰曁正湻，相继据于唐末迄
南宋。凡历有九姓，而雍闓、孟获不与焉。段氏与南宋理宗壬子湻佑十三年为蒙古所灭，而段实于理宗景定二年袭总管，传十二世，明太祖壬戌洪武十五年平云南，擒段世，并段段明之二子苴仁、苴义。赐苴仁官雁门卫镇抚，苴义官武昌卫镇抚，段氏之世土方绝，而又别封其族人段保为大理府云龙州土知州。国朝尚有袭土职者。
|
|-
|}

=== Titles and Official System of Nanzhao《南诏称谓官制》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Titles and Official System of Nanzhao《南诏称谓官制》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|南诏称帝曰骠信，王曰诏，自称曰元，称后曰信么，亦曰九么，妃曰进武，兄曰容，弟曰钟，下曰昶。其设官则有把国事八人，曰坦绰，曰布燮，曰九赞，谓之清平官。曰酋望，曰正酋望，曰员外酋望，曰大（将军）〔军将〕，曰员外。又设九爽之名，爽，省也。功爽主官人，宗爽主户籍，万爽主财用，慈爽主礼，引爽主宾客，幕爽主兵，罚爽主刑，厥爽主工作，禾爽主商贾，皆清平官、酋望、大军将兼之。以清平官子弟为羽仪长八人，清平官见王不得佩剑，惟羽仪长佩之。又有六曹长二人，曹长有功升大军将，凡十二人。又立三托：巨托主仓廪，气托主马，禄托主牛。大府主将曰演习，副曰演览；中府主将曰缮裔，副曰缮览；下府主将曰澹酋，副曰澹览；小府王将日幕撝，副曰幕览。每府有陀酋，陀酋卽掌书记判官之类。外有八节度使：日弄栋节度使，今楚雄府姚州。曰银生节度使，今景东厅及鎭沅州地是。曰永昌节度使，今永昌府是。曰丽水节度使，今丽江府是。曰剑川节度使，今丽江府剑川州是。曰东川节度使，今东川府府是。曰通海节度使，今临安府通海县是。曰拓东节度使。今云南府昆阳州北平定乡，蒙氏子凤伽异曾筑城于此地。又有二都督：曰会川都督，今四川宁远府会理州地是。曰通海都督。又设十睑，蛮语谓州为睑。苴音斜。羊睑，又名羊睑，卽今大理府太和县。赵州睑，今大理府赵州。白崖睑，又名勃弄睑，今赵州之白崖。，云南睑，今大理府云南县。蒙舍睑，今蒙化厅。大厘睑，又名史睑，今太和县喜州。邆川睑，今大理府邓川州。品澹睑，蒙秦睑，矣和睑。三睑未详其地。○蔚按：别本十睑中苴羊睑、赵州睑、白崖睑而下，作义督睑，今剑川州；威远睑，今普洱府威远厅南；河东睑，末详其地；越睑，今永昌府腾越州；北方睑，又名成偈睑，今永北厅；楼头睑，今四川叙永厅，属永宁县；路睑，今楚雄府广通县；与云南睑以下七睑异。○按：又考此七睑中，其越睑、北方睑、楼头睑、路睑凡四睑，见于『汉地里志』及『唐书?南蛮传』中，睑并作赕，音闪，字旣不同，音又各异，似非列于十睑之数。凡人丁壮者皆为战卒。王之亲兵曰朱弩佉苴，音蛆。按：元微之白乐天乐府皆作佉嗟，未审孰是。佉苴，韦带也。每兵百人置罗苴子统一人，戴朱鞮鍪，负犀革铜盾而跣足。自大军将以至曹长，皆系金佉苴尚绛紫，有功加锦，又有功加金波罗。卽虎皮。民兵号白衣，凡民兵出以望苴蛮为先驱。
|
|-
|}

===Thirty-Seven Barbarian Clans of Nanzhao《南诏三十七蛮部》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Thirty-Seven Barbarian Clans of Nanzhao《南诏三十七蛮部》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|因远部。威远睑治，其地总名和泥，今元江府是。休腊部。今临安府河西县。嶍峨部。今临安府嶍峨县。屈中部。今临安府阿迷州。溪处甸部、伴溪落恐部。今倶为长官司，属临安府。铁容甸部。今为亏容长官司。官桂思陀部。今为思陀甸长官司，皆属临安府。王弄部、强现三部。今属开化府。师宗部。今广西州师安县。弥勒部。今广西州弥勒县。吉输部、袖恶部。倶在弥勒县地。维摩部。卽广西府维摩州。州裁，今属广西州地。罗雄部。今曲靖府罗平州。纳垢州。今曲靖府马龙州。落温部。今曲靖府陆凉州。磨弥部。今曲靖府沾益州。仁德部。今曲靖府寻甸州。夜苴部卽曲靖府亦佐县，县裁，今归罗平州。强宗部。卽澄江府阳宗县，县裁，今归河阳县。步雄部。今澄江府江川县。罗伽部。卽步雄部分地。休制部。今澄江府新兴州。落蒙州。今澄江府路南州。弥沙部、邑市部。皆落蒙部子孙分治之。阳城堡部。今云南府晋宁州。罗部。今云南府罗次县。乾矢部、罗婺部。倶在武定府曲州，州裁，今属武定州。华竹部。今武定州元谋县。洪农碌券部。今武定州禄劝县。掌鸠法块部在禄劝县城东五里。○以上三十五部在迤东地。白鹿部。今楚雄府。谋统部。今丽江府鹤庆州。○以上二部在迤西地。
|
|-
|}

==Nanzhao through the Generations《南诏历代》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Nanzhao through the Generations《南诏历代》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|白古记：西天天竺摩竭国阿育王骠苴音斜。低娶欠蒙亏为妻，生低蒙苴。苴生九子，长子蒙苴，附罗十六国之祖；次子蒙苴廉，吐蕃之祖；三子蒙苴诺，汉人之祖；四子蒙苴酬，东蛮之祖；五子蒙苴笃，生十二子，七圣五贤，蒙氏之祖；六子蒙苴托，狮子国之祖；七子蒙苴林，交趾国之祖；八子蒙苴颂，白子国仁果之祖；九子蒙苴閦初六切。白夷之祖。○『哀牢今永昌府。夷传』：哀牢蛮蒙伽独捕鱼易罗池在永昌府城南。溺死。其妻沙壹一作壶。往哭之水边，触一浮木，有感而妊，产十子。后携子至池上，木化为龙，人言曰：「我子安在？」九子惊走，独季子背龙而坐，龙舐其背。蛮语谓背为九，坐为隆，故名之曰九隆氏。哀牢山一名天井山，在永昌府。下有妇名奴波息，生十女，九隆弟兄娶之，立为十姓：董、洪、段、施、何、王、张、杨、李、赵，皆刻画其身象龙文，于衣后著尾。子孙繁衍，居九龙山山在永昌府城南。溪谷间，分九十九部，而南诏出焉。
|
|-
|}

===Shanchan Guo《鄯阐国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Shanchan Guo《鄯阐国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|周时立国，年代久远，其姓名世次莫考。
|
|-
|}

===Baiya Guo《白崖国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Baiya Guo《白崖国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|西天天竺摩竭国阿育王低蒙苴第八子，蒙苴颂居白崖，因地名，号白崖国，传世莫考。后昆弥氏继之，号昆弥国。
|
|-
|昆弥国一名拜国。
|
|-
|昆弥氏，传世姓名莫考。战国时，楚将庄蹻据滇，并有其地，号滇国。
|
|-
|}

===Dian Guo《滇国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Dian Guo《滇国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|战国时，楚顷襄王命将庄蹻范蔚宗后汉书作庄豪。将兵循江上，略巴、蜀、黔中以西，蹻至以兵威畧定滇地属楚。欲归报，会秦司马错攻楚，黔中道塞。蹻遂以其众王滇，号滇国，踞之。后有王常羌者好佛，国势不振。法令不行，国人遂推白崖国蒙苴颂之后，白饭王之裔仁果为王，治白崖，于是两国角立。后仁果奉汉，封为白子国。
|
|-
|}

===Baizi Guo《白子国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Baizi Guo《白子国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|汉武帝通西南夷，遣使至滇，求身毒国。滇王常羌问使者曰：「汉孰与我大？」使者还报，武帝怒其言不逊。时白崖国蒙苴颂之后，天竺国白饭王之裔仁果者，为众所推立于白崖。武帝乃册封仁果为王，号白子国。后迁于澄江，今澄江府。迨龙佑那继之，号建宁国。○又一说：白子国之先，有阿育国，王能乘云，上天娶天女，生三子，长季二子封于金马、碧鸡，独封仲子于苍洱之间，崇奉佛敎，不茹晕，日食白饭，人因称为白饭王。迨后有仁果者，汉封为滇王，号白子国。又十五世至龙佑那，后汉诸葛武侯南征，次白崖，以佑那为酋长，赐姓张氏，仍统其民，号建宁国。
|
|-
|}

===Jianning Guo《建宁国》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Jianning Guo《建宁国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|后汉后皇帝乙巳建兴三年，益州耆帅雍闓，假鬼术杀建宁太守王昂，归东吴，吴王孙权以闓为永昌守。后汉诸葛武侯南征，至白崖，杀雍闓，擒孟获，乃封白子国王仁果十五世孙龙佑那为酋长，赐姓张氏，于白崖筑建宁城，蔚按建宁城废址在今大理府赵州之弥渡。号建宁国，立铁柱蔚按：今弥渡有铁柱宫，铁柱尚存。先为建宁国王张乐进求甫铸，后南诏蒙世隆复重铸，名曰天尊柱，高八尺。并『南中纪功碑』，铭其背曰：「万岁之后胜我者过此」。迨至隋时，行军总管太平公史万岁征南宁夷爨玩，西破三十馀部，至此，见其碑铭，命左右踣之。其碑跌，中复有志曰：「史万岁不应踣吾碑」。万岁惊异，复树碑，祭拜而去。后张龙佑那仍迁国澄江，传三十二世至十七世孙张乐进求，唐太宗己酉贞观二十三年封为首领大将军。后见蒙舍川蒙细奴罗有奇相，遂妻以女，逊国与之。奴罗自称奇嘉王，建号大蒙国，又称南诏。
|
|-
|}

==Nanzhao《南诏国》==
===13 Generations of Nanzhao 《南诏大蒙国传十三世》 ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ 13 Generations of Nanzhao 《南诏大蒙国传十三世》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|细奴一作农。逻一作罗。　伪谥高祖奇嘉王
|
|-
|细奴逻，又名独罗消，西天天竺摩竭国阿育王低蒙苴第五子蒙苴笃之三十六世孙。生有奇相。唐太宗贞观初，其父舍龙尨，又名龙伽独，将奴逻自哀牢避难至蒙舍川，耕于巍山。今蒙化厅之巍宝山。一日，有老僧，美髯，冠赤莲冠，披袈裟，持钵至奴逻家乞食。时奴逻与子逻盛炎方耕巍山之下，其姑与妇将往饁。见僧乞食，遂食之。再炊往饁，僧坐不去。姑妇持饷中道，僧已在彼，复乞食，姑妇又食之。返而复炊，持饁至巍山，则见僧坐盘石上，前有靑牛，左白象，右白马，上覆云气。云中二童子，一执铁杖于左，一执方金镜于右。姑妇惊喜，复以所饷供之。僧问何所愿？姑妇不知对。僧曰：「奕叶相承」。及趣奴逻等至，则但见一人持钵，坐五色云中，而盘石上惟馀衣痕及牛象马之迹耳。奴逻素有祥异，会唐封首领大将军建宁国王张乐进求，以诸葛武侯所立白崖铁柱，岁久剥蚀重铸之。因社会祭柱，柱顶故有金镂鸟，忽能飞，集奴逻左肩，相诫勿动，八日乃去。众骇异，谓天意有属。进求遂妻以女，举国逊之。于唐太宗己酉，贞观二十三年卽位，年三十二岁，建号大蒙国，称奇嘉王，据南诏。高宗庚戌永徽元年，建都蒙舍川，于巃｛山＋于｝山在今蒙化厅西北三十五里。筑巃山＋于城。永徽癸丑四年，遣逻盛炎入朝唐，诏授奴逻为巍州今蒙化厅刺史，赐以锦袍。大勃弄今大理府赵州白崖。酋杨承顚寇麻州，在今曲靖府马龙州城北里许。唐命郞州唐贞观初，分牂牁郡北界置郞州，后改名播州，卽今贵州遵义府。又有郞州，在今云南县地。道行军总管赵孝祖讨之。孝祖先入小勃弄，今云南县地。酋长没盛迎战，孝祖斩之。进至大勃弄，攻其城，破之，擒杨承顚，改云南县为匡州，领勃弄、匡州二县。高宗显庆二年，凤鸣于浪穹罗浮山，乃改名为凤羽山，在大理府浪穹县西南三十里，又名鸟吊山。见『水经注』。封十二圣贤为十二山神。时澄江人波罗旁有经济才，用为文臣；郭郡矣素以勇略闻，用为武臣。又有杨波远者，相传为东汉时人，常骑三角靑牛，号神明大士，能知盐泉，滇中盐泉多为波远所开创。奴逻在位，遵唐正朔。高宗甲戌上元元年，奴逻卒，在位二十六年，子逻盛炎立。
|
|-
|逻盛炎又名逻晟。伪谥世宗兴宗王。
|
|-
|	逻盛炎。唐高宗甲戌上元元年卽位，年四十岁，以张建成为相。明年，盛炎临朝，元宗壬子先天元年，姚州蛮叛归吐蕃。唐命御史李知古讨之，筑城立州县。知古诛豪杰，掠子女，蛮怨，引土蕃，攻杀知古，于姚嶲路绝，而盛炎独奉唐正朔。是年，盛炎卒，在位三十九年，子盛逻皮立。
|
|-
|}


===Shengluopi《盛逻皮石刻作诚乐魁　封台登郡王　伪谥太宗威成王 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Shengluopi《盛逻皮石刻作诚乐魁　封台登郡王　伪谥太宗威成王 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|盛逻皮，唐元宗壬子先天元年卽位，年四十岁。明年为元宗癸丑开元元年，唐授逻皮为特进，封台登郡王今四川宁远府冕宁县地。设官征商税。开元二年，遣张建成入朝于唐。立土主庙。开元九年，皮叛唐。开元十四年，立庙祀晋右将军王羲之为圣人。元宗戊辰开元十六年，逻皮卒，在位十六年，子皮逻阁立。
|
|-
|皮逻一作罗阁石刻作归义王魁乐觉封云南王。
|
|-
|皮逻阁，唐元宗戊辰开元十六年卽位，年三十一岁。开元十八年，灭五诏，自称南诏王。先是，蒙氏恐三十七蛮部不服，选亲族为五诏。未几五诏抗命，逻阁遂赂剑南节度使王昱，求合六诏为一。昱奏于朝，许之。逻阁乃豫建松明大楼，祀祖于上。使人谕五诏曰：「六月二十四日乃星回节蔚按『大理郡志』汉元封间，叶楡妇阿南者为酋长，曼阿娜之妻。娜为汉将郭世忠所杀，欲妻南。南曰：能从三事，当许汝一作幕次祭故夫；一焚故夫衣，易君新衣；一令国人皆知我以礼嫁。忠如其言。明日，聚国人张松幕祭其夫。下置火，南藏刃出，俟火炽焚夫衣，卽引刀刃自断其颈，仆火中，时六月二十五日也。国人哀之，故岁以是日燃炬吊之，名为星回节云。是又当为二十五日。当祭祖，不赴者罪。」四诏听命。惟越析诏波冲之兄子于赠，远不赴会，而邆赕诏丰哶孙｛辵＋皮｝逻邆之妻慈善者，止逻邆勿赴。邆不听。慈善不得已，以铁钏穿于邆臂而行。二十四日，逻邆及施浪诏施望欠弟施望千、浪穹诏丰时孙锋罗望、蒙嶲诏嶲辅子罗原皆至逻阁所。逻阁偕登楼祭祖，祭后享胙食生饮酒，迨晚，四诏尽醉。逻阁独下楼，焚钱遽纵火，火发，兵围之，四诏皆焚死。逻阁遣使至四诏所，报焚钱失火，四诏被焚，状令各诏收骨。四诏妻至，莫辨其骨。独慈善因铁钏得焉，携归葬之。逻阁旣灭四诏，取各诏宫人，念慈善慧而甚美，遣兵围其城，迫取之。慈善曰：「吾岂忘夫事仇者？」闭城坚守，半月城中食尽，慈善度不能支，卽自杀，时七月二十三日也。逻阁嘉其节，乃封赠为宁北妃，并旌其城曰德源城。城废址在今大理府邓川州城东北二里许。开元戊寅二十六年，逻阁破吐蕃及弥蛮，入朝，元宗礼之，加封为特进，云南王，越国公，开府仪同三司，赐名归义，并锦袍金钿带七事。王归国，以兵逐洱河蛮，筑太和城，今大理府城南十五里太和村地是。又筑大厘城今大理府城北四十里喜州是。守之，尽有云南之地。唐授王子阁逻凤右领军卫大将军兼阳瓜州刺史。开元二十七年，明矫叛，破剑川、浪穹、永昌。开元二十八年，王讨朋矫，平之。开元辛已二十九年，王自蒙舍川迁居太和城，立龙首、卽今上关。龙尾卽今下关。二关。唐加阁逻凤为左领军卫大将军。元宗癸未天宝二年，筑羊苴哶城于太和城之北。卽今大理府城。唐迁阁逻凤为左金吾卫大将军，寻拜特进都知兵马大将军。天宝甲申三载，西方进狮子皮。唐加阁逻凤为上柱国。天宝乙酉四载十月，城永昌。天宝丙戌五载，王遣孙凤伽异入唐，唐授伽异为鸿胪少卿，妻以宗室女，赐龟兹乐一部，元宗戊子天宝七载，王卒，在位二十年，子阁逻凤立。
|
|-
|阁罗凤一作觉乐凤。按：『德化碑』云：「家居阁罗凤」，则是取地名以为名也。袭封云南王，伪谥神武王。始建元。
|
|-
|	

阁罗凤，唐元宗天宝戊子七载卽位，年三十六岁。唐遣中使黎敬义持节册凤袭封云南王，敕置阳瓜州于蒙舍川，加授

凤伽异为上卿兼阳瓜州刺史，都知兵马大将军。天宝庚寅九载，王率妻子往谒都督李宓，过云南，太守张虔陀私之，又多徵求。王表虔陀之罪，中官贾奇俊抑之，不得达。王复遣将军杨罗顚等连表控告。元宗仍不省。凤怒，遣大将军王毗双、罗时等发兵攻虔陀。虔陀饮鸩死；遂取姚州，并夷州三十二。获唐嶲州西泸令郑回以归，爱其才，用为清平官。天宝辛卯十载，唐命剑南节度使鲜于仲通将兵八万征云南。凤赴泸南在楚雄府姚州之城北一百五十里。谢罪，愿还所俘掠，请罢兵。仲通不许，分三道而进。仲通自南溪路，大将李晖自会同路，都督王知进自步头路。今临安府地。凤就安宁，再伸衷悃。仲通不听，兵至曲州、靖州。二州今为曲靖府地。凤复遣首领杨子芬、参军江如之赍状，言若不罢兵，卽当归吐蕃，恐云南非唐有。仲通终不许，囚其使，进薄白崖城。别遣大将王天运统师绕出点苍山后。凤遣

凤伽异及大军将段俭魏迎山后师，自逆战于西洱河。唐兵大败，死者六万人，王天运战殁，仲通仅以身免。凤乃叛唐，建元长寿。遣弟阁陂和尚及子铎传、酋望赵佺邓、杨传磨侔等，并子弟六十人献凯吐蕃。陂有神术，人马往来吐蕃，不过朝夕之顷。天宝十一载正月一日，遣宰相倚祥叶乐持金冠、锦袍、金宝带、金帐状、安扛伞鞍、银兽器皿、珂贝、珠毯、衣服、駞马、牛鞻等物至邓川，以凤为兄弟之国，册为赞普钟南国大诏，给金印，称东帝。并授凤伽异大瑟瑟告身，都知兵马大将。凤遂改是年为赞普钟元年。发人口百户于浪穹，筑白崖睑城，又遣兵攻掠安宁。天宝甲午十三载六月，唐命前云南郡都督兼侍御史剑南留后李宓、广府节度使何履光等，率十道兵再征云南。兵逼邓川，凤遣凤伽异、段俭魏迎战于江口。时神川都知兵马使论绮里徐救兵已至巴蹻山，遂诱宓深入，内外夹击。宓粮尽，士卒饥疲，引还。凤以精兵追战，唐全军覆没，李宓被执，沉江死，何履光遁去。凤因进取嶲州会同郡，据清溪关，以破越析。此二役也，皆凤弟阁陂和尚及凤妃白氏行妖术，展帕拍手而笑，韩陀僧用钵法，以故唐兵再败。时唐先后丧师已二十馀万，凤乃敛战胔，筑京观于龙尾关河尾，名万人冢，立碑大书「唐天宝战亡士卒之墓」。而唐宰相杨国忠更揜败以捷闻，叙战功。令清平官郑回撰『德化碑』，唐流寓御史杜光庭书。立石太和国门外，明其不得已叛唐归吐蕃之故。天宝乙未十四载冬十一月，东平郡王安禄山反于范阳，凤乘机以兵取蜀卭州，筑卭子城，及丽水金宝城。升段俭魏为清平官，赐名忠国，旋拜相国。代宗甲辰广德二年，羊苴哶城成，凤名之曰大理城，又名紫城。代宗乙巳永泰元年凤伽异筑云南城卽今云南府省城。又筑拓东城，今云南府昆阳州北平定乡。遂以兵攻陷曲靖。代宗丁已大历十二年，永昌牛生三角，羊生四角，鸡九足，井有光。建观音寺于白崖。先是，逻盛炎时，相国张建成欲于白崖建寺，卜之吉。又地下有三戳观音，上截在西，中截在东，下截在东南。因盛炎旋卒，不果建。至是建寺，掘之果然。代宗戊午大历十三年，阁罗凤卒，在位三十年。因子凤伽异先死，后追谥悼惠王。孙异牟寻立。
|
|-
|异牟寻改国号曰大理国。封云南王，又封南诏王　伪赠廪孝桓王
|
|-
|异牟寻，唐代宗戊午大历十三年卽位，年二十四岁。明年改元见龙，又改上元，率兵三万取蜀为东府，又连土番入寇。唐命神策都将李晟击破之。师还，自称南诏王。德宗甲子兴元元年，牟寻迁居史城，卽大厘城。改号大理国，自称日东王。封岳读，以叶楡今大理府。点苍山为中岳，乌蛮今东川府。乌龙山一名绛云弄山，在今禄劝县东北三百里。为东岳，银生府今景东厅。蒙乐山一名无量山，在厅北九十里。为南岳，又封南安州今楚雄府属。神石亦为南岳，越赕今永昌府腾越州。高黎贡山一名昆仑隅，在腾越、潞江之间。为西岳，嶲州今丽江府是。雪山一名玉龙山，在府西北二十里。为北岳。封金沙江源出吐蓄旄牛徼外犂牛石下，本名犂牛河，又名犂水，讹为丽水。经丽江府、鹤庆州、姚州而东北达于四川马湖府之马湖，卽『山海经』所谓若水。『水经注』云：若水经云南之遂久县，卽今金沙江巡检司地。昔黄帝长子昌意德劣，不足绍承天位，降居斯水为诸侯，娶蜀山氏女，生颛顼于若水之阳，疑卽其地也。祀在武定州，兰沧江源出吐蕃鹿石山下，本名鹿沧，又名兰沧。兰沧讹为浪沧。自丽江府度云龙州至永昌府，东经顺宁府，达于车里，过交趾地而入于南海。祀在丽江府，黑惠江在顺宁府之东入狼沧江，而达于南海。祀在顺宁府，怒江源出西域雍望，奔流而下，深不可测。夏月多瘴，经怒夷地入丽江府境野人界。至永昌府境，乃名潞江。祀在水昌府，为四渎，各建神祠。又立三皇庙。德宗丙寅贞元二年，设官立九爽三托。考疆域，其地东至于铜柱、铁桥、蟠桃、玉楡，东南至于交趾国，南至于骠国，西南至于木落山，西至于太石，西北至于吐蕃，北至于神川，东北至于黔巫。八分之地，属以八演，皆中国降人为之经画者。贞元丁卯三年，寻居大理城。命子弟师事郑回。时寻苦吐蕃徵求无厌，会李泌劝德宗招云南以断吐蕃右臂。帝从之，命韦皋为西川节度使，皋受命招抚群蛮。郑回因说寻归唐，寻以为然。皋遣谍者致书于寻，吐蕃知而疑之，乃责南诏大臣为质。寻愈怨。于是，决计归唐。皋以闻，德宗乃命皋作书谕寻。是年四月，吐番破蜀，来征兵，蔚按：卽吐蕃劫浑瑊清水盟之岁。寻谢绝之。贞元五年，寻遣乌蛮勿邓大鬼主苴梦冲、两林都大鬼主直那时聘于皋，因入朝。皋遣其属崔佐时报之。时吐蕃使数十人先在，佐时至，寻令更衣入。佐时不可，曰：「天朝大使。岂衣夷衣？」寻不得已，夜迎之。佐时至，大宣诏旨，令寻斩番使，去其所立之号。寻遂与佐时盟于点苍山下。贞元九年，寻遣使上表，请从韦皋袭吐蕃。诏册封为云南王，以韦皋为云南安抚使。王遣使诣皋，献夷中歌。贞元十年，吐蕃徵兵于王，王阳示寡弱，以兵三千应之，自将数万人踵其后。正月，袭吐蕃，战于神州，断铁桥，在巨津废州，今丽江府西北地。取十六城，俘其五王，降众十馀万，获军资甲仗无算。遂遣弟凑罗栋、清平官尹仇宽献捷于唐，并献地图、纳贡及吐蕃所给金印，请复号南诏。于是，唐以祠部郞中袁滋为中丞，赐金紫充册使。赐王银窠金印，印文曰：「贞元册南诏印」。王北面跪受。宴使者，出元宗天宝五载所赐王父凤伽异银跳脱马头盘数物，并指老笛工、歌女曰：「皇帝所赐龟兹乐，惟二人在耳！」使者日：「南诏世荷唐恩，当深思祖考子孙勿替，尽忠皇唐。」王对曰：「敢不敬使者之命。」随遣清平官尹辅首入谢，献铎鞘、郁刀、生金、瑟瑟、牛黄、氎、纺丝、越赕绕伦马。蔚按：铎鞘，疑当作择矟，状如残月，有孔旁达，出丽水，饰以金，月祭之血，所击无不洞。段柯古『酉阳杂俎』云：南蛮有毒槊无刀刃，状如朽铁，中人无血立死。言自天而下，入地丈馀，祭地乃掘得之，云云。疑卽铎矟，毒为铎字之讹，槊字本同矟宇也。郁刀铸时以毒药并冶，取莹耀如星者，凡十年乃成，淬以马血，镂金犀饰镡首，伤人卽死。因浪人所铸，又名浪剑，夷中甚宝之。七月，又攻吐蕃，并破施蛮、顺蛮，施蛮、顺蛮卽施浪、浪穹二诏之后，自南诏并吞五诏，五诏之后不复称诏，止称蛮。俘其王置白崖城。贞元十二年，取越赕，置软化城。贞元十四年，请以大臣子弟质于朝，韦皋却之。固请，乃尽舍成都，遣就学。贞元十五年，王开白国北方赕地，今永北厅。徙弥河白蛮及罗落摩蛮实之，号剑羌。是年，王从韦皋再败吐蕃于铁桥。初，王谋击吐蕃，以邆川、卽今邓川州。宁北卽今浪穹县。等城当寇冲，乃峭山深堑，修战备。至是吐蕃谋袭南诏，王告于皋，遣将屯黎州、嶲州以应之。吐蕃引兵攻嶲州，皋严兵以守，别遣将袭击，降其帅，吐蕃惧，退至铁桥。王令人毒其水，吐蕃人马多死，退屯三泸水，王与皋部将杜毗罗击败之。贞元十六年，王率子寻阁劝入朝于唐，召对延英殿，进奉圣乐舞，德宗御麟德殿观之。贞元十七年，王夜绝泸水，斩吐蕃屯卒，又合鬼主破之于泸西。吐蕃大惧，欲悉师收嶲州，以绝南诏。王谓韦皋曰：「吐蕃声取嶲州，实窥云南，请进军羊苴咩城。」皋督诸将分道与王会，陈兵深入，拔木波城。前后凡克城七，焚堡百五十所，斩获无算，生擒论莽热，献于唐，并进铠甲十五万。皋班师，帝遣中使慰抚王。王自是比年贡方物，唐帝深礼之焉。贞元十九年，王封云南金马碧鸡二山之神为景帝，建妙音寺塔，筑大理雪峰长城。宪宗戊子元和三年七月，王卒。唐遣使祭吊，在位三十年，子寻阁劝立。
|
|-
|寻阁一作觉劝又名新觉劝。　袭封南诏王　伪谥孝惠王
|
|-
|寻阁劝，唐宪宗戊子元和三年卽位，年三十一岁。唐册劝袭封南诏王，赐元和金印。宪宗己丑元和四年正月，改元应道，群臣上尊号曰骠信，以鄯阐为东京，大理为西京，重修曲靖崇真寺。寺为晋代所建。十一月王卒，在位一年。子劝龙晟立。
|
|-
|}

===Quanlongsheng《劝龙晟　　袭封南诏王　　　伪谥幽王 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Quanlongsheng《劝龙晟　　袭封南诏王　　　伪谥幽王 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|劝龙晟，唐宪宗己丑元和四年卽位，年十二岁。唐册袭封南诏王。明年，改元龙兴。铸佛三尊，送佛顶峰寺，用金三千两。元和九年，晨寇嘉定州，有飞天神兵破之。先是，节度使杜元颖守成都时，时滇兵至嘉定之沐源州，忽自惊溃。蜀军获一夷卒问之，云适见遍山神兵，一神将长斧坐二鬼上，声若迅雷，故尔惊走。至是神复现形，自后追杀，卽时死酋长二人。盖嘉定向有飞天神庙，两破滇兵者，皆此神也。宪宗丙申元和十一年，晟淫虐失道，弄栋节度使王嵯巅弑之，时年仅十九岁，唐命少监李铣祭吊，在位七年，弟劝利立。
|
|-
|}

===Quan Li 《劝利 一作劝利晟　　袭封南诏王　　伪谥靖王》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Quan Li 《劝利 一作劝利晟　　袭封南诏王　　伪谥靖王》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|劝利，唐宪宗丙申元和十一年卽位，年十五岁。唐册袭封南诏王。王嵯巅东寇。明年，改元全义。元和十三年，厚赏王嵯巅，赐姓蒙，封太容。元和十四年，废王嵯巅，赦其罪，命敬信三宝，为清平官。元和十五年，又改元大丰。重修崇圣寺。五月，大雨霖，龙首、龙尾二关倾。除洱河水怪，建龙屋塔。高十二丈。按：『白古记』：唐时洱河有妖蛇，名薄劫，兴大水淹城。蒙国王出示：有能灭之者，赏半官库，子孙世免差徭。部民有段赤城者愿灭蛇，缚刃人水，蛇吞之，人与蛇皆死，水患息。王令人剖蛇腹，取赤城骨葬之，建塔其上，毁蛇骨灰塔，名为灵塔。在今大理府城南龙尾关内点苍山马耳峰下羊皮村。每年有蛇党起风来剥塔灰。时有谣曰：赤城卖硬土。今『龙王庙碑』云：洱河龙王段赤城云。永昌生两头牛。穆宗甲辰长庆四年，赐南诏王金印。是年王卒于东京，在位八年，弟丰佑立。丰佑慕中国之风，独不肯连父名。丰佑石刻作劝丰佑　　册封滇王　　伪谥昭成王
|
|-
|	

丰佑，唐穆宗甲辰长庆四年卽位，年七岁。唐遣京兆少尹韦审规持节册封为滇王。王遣洪成酋等人谢。明年，改元保合，又改元天启。西僧赞陀啒哆建鹤庆元化寺。先是，鹤庆地水淹，僧杖刺东隅泄之。水中得樟木，刻为佛，咒之忽灵，远近名曰活佛。按：活佛，后至明成化间，福建莆田林俊为云南宪副闻之，亲至寺中，将佛火之，得金数百两入官，又毁他寺三百，人呼为林劈佛。建常平仓，筑邓川城。敬宗乙巳宝历元年，重修大理崇圣寺一名三塔寺。成先是，王嵯巅广寺基方七里。圣僧李成眉贤者建立三塔，高三十丈。佛一万一千四百，屋八百九十，铜四万五百九十筋。元和十五年经始，至是工竣。塔顶旧有铁柱款识云：「贞观六年尉迟敬德监造」，盖寺之建久矣。重修云南东寺塔，高百五十尺，西寺塔高八十尺，二寺亦贞观间将作大匠尉迟敬德所建。文宗丁未太和元年，王母出家，法名惠海。太和二年，用银五千，铸佛一堂，废道敎。太和己酉三年，僧梦岛造永昌卧佛，长丈六。六月朔，星落如雨。命王嵯巅等寇蜀。先是，西川节度使杜元颖失士卒心，军逃入南诏，因此知蜀虚实。佑遂遣嵯巅等攻蜀，陷嶲、戎、卭三州，攻成都，止西郛十日，掠经书、宝货、子女无算，蜀中残敝。并寇梓州、蜀州。佑上表于唐，请诛元颖。唐改云南为鄯阐府。卽今云南府省城。太和四年，唐贬杜元颖循州司马，以义成节度使李德裕为西川节度使。裕至西川，建筹边楼，日召习边事者访问，凡山川险要，南道与蛮相入者图之左，西道与吐蕃相接者图之右，不啻身尝经历焉。乃奏请留北兵以重镇守，修甲胄、备器械。率户二百取一人习战，作雄边子弟等十一军。筑仗义、御侮、柔远诸城以扼要害，复卭崃关，徙嶲州治台登，以夺蛮险。令转卭、雅粟以十月而运，先夏而至，人不苦瘴，边境始安。至是使人于佑，责归所俘。太和五年五月，佑归所俘西川四千人于德裕。太和六年，佑掠骠国民三千，徙之拓东城。武宗乙丑会昌元年，佑遣军将晟君筑横渠道自磨用江至于鹤拓，灌东皋及城阳田，与龙佉江合流入于河，谓之锦浪江。又潴点苍山玉局峰顶之南为池，谓之高河，又名冯河。更导山泉共泄流为川，灌田数万顷，民得耕种之利。会昌六年九月，佑攻陷安南，经略使裴元裕死之。宣宗丁卯大宗元年，佑妃卒，佑郁郁不乐，臣下请选妃女备后宫。得罗部今云南府罗次县。一美女进之，有宠。女好佛，建罗次寺，至今灵异。六月大旱，佑令僧寿海祈雨。僧曰：「昔汤旱七年，六事自责，天雨七日。今王酒色妄杀，天怒不雨。王如改悔，天雨自至，何以祈为？」佑如僧言，自责自改，数日果雨。佑女至崇圣寺进香，回至城西，为一乘白马人摄去，寻之不得。佑告于西僧赞陀啒哆，哆曰此山神也。乃设灯照之，果在苍山下。哆怒欲行法，移山于河。山神惧，献宝珠供佛，佑乃已。大中十二年，佑遣段酋迁陷安南都护府。遣段宗榜救缅。榜，汤今云南府宜良县地。人，佑之勇将。先是，狮子国侵缅；屡求救，至是许之。按：缅甸卽汉之掸国，唐之骠国，其历代莫考。当宋元之时，屡败王师。明太祖洪武十年，缅头目招扳南进贡。十九年，使行人司钱古训赍诏立宣尉司。二十年，缅犯景东。二十一年，犯他郞甸，沐英命都指挥宁正平之。三月，犯定边，沐英同都督冯诚平之。景泰三年，王骥赏缅孟养地。缅喜，乃擒献麓川贼。嘉靖初，缅火烧赍金牌官，中终年猖獗海上，遂至难制。○考自永昌府腾越州入缅，止三十四程。腾越一日南甸、一日罗必斯、一日郞、一日甸头、一日甸尾、一日蒙腰、一日甸蓝、一日蒙怜路、一日空地、一日蒙来路、一日大市、一日龙江、一日锅地、一日人列渡、一日江头城、一日景怜、一日及、一日马来城、一日赖当、一日山头、一日甸头、一日阿只、一日吴细辰、一日折弓、一日阿越。由阿越下水，九日卽至缅城。其地有五大城，江头、太公二城之外，又有马来、安正国、蒲甘缅王三城。酋住金楼，民住竹楼。其下称酋为卜剌浪，称酋妻为米泼剌。酋出人乘轿，水有舟筏。官名有招孟、招彔、招刚三等。官无大小，倶金银花宝带。无弓箭。其水有金沙江，险恶，缅恃以为固。涸时，亦仅五里。俗敬佛，重罪对佛发誓，凭僧处断。○入缅又有三道：一由潞江西上；一由腾越七日至麓川；一由景东从木通甸至湾甸渡入芒市，十日至麓川。○此外从潞江上流蒙来渡至景乐沿河有小渡十馀处，皆可通。又有三道：一由天步马，一由湾甸，一由阿郊地界，皆可入缅。宣宗己卯大中十三年，陷播州。李德裕旣贬死，西川节度使所任皆非人，侥佯边功，发兵十万袭滇，自建昌入，佑命子世隆为坦绰，同王嵯巅迎战于古宗，今丽江府铁桥以北地。杀唐兵数万人，立铜柱于界上。世隆之母，佑妃也，出家号师摩矣。尝随佑至罗浮山白城，建一寺，南壁画一龙，是夜龙动，几损寺，妃乃复画一柱锁之，始定。按：妃本渔家女，喜浴。为妃后，仍常泛舟西洱河，屏人潜浴于水，感金龙与交，生世隆。隆七岁，拳握始开，有文在其掌曰：通番打汉。古宗之战，唐帝惧世隆为患，妻以宗室女，伺察其所为。女以世隆年庚潜送于帝。帝使太史推之，知其感龙精而生。是年，丰佑卒于东京，在位三十五年。子世隆立，以王嵯巅摄政。段宗榜救缅，回至腾越，闻佑卒，世隆立，嵯巅摄政，移书王嵯巅曰：「天启不幸，驾崩嗣幼，闻公摄政，国家之福。榜救缅以败狮子国。缅酬金佛，当得敬迎。奈中国无人，惟公望重。榜抵国门之日，烦亲迎佛，与国增光。」云云。嵯巅不知是谋，至日迎之。榜令巅拜佛，突斩之于佛前。讨其弑劝隆晟之罪也。榜熔佛得金数千两。时有缅人奉香火者在榜，默祝曰：「愿世代奉敬，今不如愿，惟愿世尊轮生，灭彼国祚。」后果生郑买嗣篡国，灭蒙氏。
|
|-
|世隆『唐书』作酋龙。　　伪谥景庄皇帝僭称帝始此，以后郑、赵、杨、段、高五姓之国咸效之。
|
|-
|世隆，唐宣宗己卯大中十三年卽位，年十六岁。明年，为懿宗庚辰咸通元年，改元建极。改西京曰中都，东京曰上都。先是，德宗贞元间，西川节度使韦皋开道通南诏，令岁入贡。异牟寻、寻阁劝二世事唐唯谨，迨劝龙晟及丰［佑］，又数数扰边，大为唐患。又以世隆之名犯太宗、元宗庙讳。唐不册封，隆益致怨望。至是自称皇帝，遣兵取乌蛮、僰、爨之地，置东川郡。前节度使杜悰变韦皋制度，侵扰蛮中。隆绝朝贡，寇播州。至是李福为节度使，隆遣清平官董成至成都，移书于福。成与福抗礼，福囚之。上闻，有诏释成，召至京师，见便殿，遣还。咸通二年，遣兵陷安南。左仆射同平章事杜悰言：「西川兵弱，南诏强盛，未可轻绝。宜遣使祭吊，谕令改名，行册礼。帝肯之。会隆复寇嶲州，遂止。咸通三年，隆亲寇蜀，取万寿寺石佛归。时高真寺僧崇模有神术，从征。军中乏粮，又値岁暮，士卒思归，僧咒沙成米，咒水成酒，士卒各醉饱。一日僧化蝶回国乱宫，世隆妻以书达隆。隆答曰：妖若再来，令宫人于其衣背绣蝶。后僧复至，宫人绣之。隆见僧衣有蝶，令斩之。刑七次，首不殊。僧自云：用茅锯之乃断。果然。人见僧魂化一黑鹏飞去，盖僧本高真寺鹏巢中所得之儿也。咸通四年，寇西川。咸通五年，陷安南、邕管。咸通六年，陷嶲州。咸通七年，复攻安南。岭南西道节度使高骈救之，隆兵大败，骈遂定安南。咸通十年，隆遣使杨酋庆等入朝，谢释董成之囚。归成都俘三千人。定边节度使李师望杀其使，隆怒，率众攻蜀，陷嘉州。咸通十一年正月，陷黎州，入卭徕关，围雅州，击卭州，遂进攻成都。次眉州，西川节度使卢耽畏众寡不敌，通使请降。继而唐遣东川节度使颜庆复、大将宋威等率兵来战。世隆败屯星宿山，宋威戍沱江。隆迎战于毗桥，不胜，趋沱江，中伏。城中又出突将，夜火隆营，夺升仙梁。隆大败，奔双流江，无梁以渡，乃伪请和，三日梁成而济。咸通辛卯十二年，立鄯阐王宫。咸通壬辰十三年，于白崖诸葛武侯所立铁柱之地，铸天尊柱，高八尺。蔚昔年曾至铁柱宫，其地界白崖、弥渡、蒙化三境之间。其柱刻字云：建极十三年岁次壬辰四月朔庚子十四日癸丑建立。咸通十四年，攻黔中。又寇西川，作浮梁济大渡河，防河兵马使黄景复伏兵，半渡击败之。会隆国中新兵继至，接战，景复败走。隆进兵陷黎州，入卭徕关。遂遣王保诚等四十人谩书诣剑南节度使牛丛，欲假道入朝，请憩蜀王故殿。丛囚其使三十八人，释酇咙及段酋迁二人还。隆乃退兵至新津而旋。僖宗乙未乾符二年，攻雅州。西川节度使高骈追至大渡河，大败之，俘酋长五十人，收复黎州、卭徕关，斩黄景复以狥。乾符三年，遣使诣高骈请和，不许，斩使者一人。隆怒，自是唐使至不拜，惟拜和尚。骈知之，乃遣僧景仙往谕公主事，隆乃下拜定盟。禧宗丁酉乾符四年二月，复寇蜀，高骈御退之。骈又结吐蓄尚延心嗢、末鲁褥月等为间，筑戎川州、马湖沭沐源川、大渡河三城，列屯拒险，料壮卒为平夷军。世隆气夺，因恚发疽，卒于越嶲景净寺，在位十八年，子隆舜立。
|
|-
|}

===Longshun《隆舜一名法　改国号曰大封民国　伪谥宣武帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Longshun《隆舜一名法　改国号曰大封民国　伪谥宣武帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|隆舜，唐僖宗丁酉乾符四年卽位，年十七岁。明年，改元贞明，又改元嵯耶、承知、大同，改国号曰大封民国。遣使于唐请和，诏许之。自劝龙晟至世隆以来，侵蜀伐安南，用兵五十馀年，帑藏不给，横敛于民，上下倶困。舜立，耽于酒色，委政臣下，故愿求和于唐，乃遣段宝诣岭南节度使辛谠，请修好。谠奏，许之，以息边患。乾符六年，遣使于唐求和亲，无表，只用牒，称弟不称臣。唐帝召百官议，礼部侍郞崔澹曰：「南诏无礼，恐贻后笑。」使者上书与澹争。帝谕解之。议者谓中国多故，南诏寖强，不若权与和亲。便从之。僖宗庚子广明元年春正月，唐命宗正少卿李龟年来和亲。僖宗辛丑中和元年，上表款附。中和癸卯三年，唐以宗室女为安化长公主，妻隆舜，僖宗乙已光启元年，遣宰相赵隆眉、清平官杨奇鲲、段义宗三人，朝唐帝行在，且迎公主。高骈在淮阳飞章上言：「三人南诏心腹。宜止而酖之。」唐帝从其言。隆眉等死，南诏遂不复振矣。是年昆仑国进美女，舜嬖之。光启二年地震，龙首、龙尾二关、三阳城皆崩。昭宗己巳乾宁四年，隆舜多内嬖，常信谗以诛其下，淫虐日甚。竖臣杨登弑之于东京，在位二十年，子舜化贞立。
|
|-
|}

===Shunhuazhen舜化贞　　　　　伪谥孝哀帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Jianning Guo《建宁国》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|舜化贞，唐昭宗丁巳乾宁四年卽位，年二十一岁。明年，改元中兴。上书于唐，朝廷欲报之。利州刺史王建上言：「臣在西南，彼必不敢犯塞，小夷何足辱诏书。」遂止。昭宗光化二年，立五学敎主。十一月，诛杨登，族其家。光化庚申三年，铸崇圣寺丈六观音，清平官郑买嗣合十六国铜所铸，蜀人李嘉亭成像。一说唐天宝间，崇圣寺有僧募造丈六观音像，未就。夜忽雨，旦视之，铜也，卽取以铸像。像成，白光弥覆凡三日夜，至今人称为雨铜观音。唐昭宗壬戌天复二年，舜化贞卒，一说实郑买嗣弑之。，在位五年。化贞有一子，生甫八月，郑买嗣主国事，遂启贞妻曰：「母后深宫，群臣无主，臣当抱太子临朝。」贞妻是其言，以子付之。买嗣抱子出，潜手伤其阴，子哭不已，乃送回宫中。明日，子死。贞妻疑而诘之，买嗣怀不安，遽起兵杀蒙氏亲族八百人于五华楼下，遂簒立焉。
|
|-
|按：蒙氏南诏大蒙国，自细奴逻禅立，起唐太宗己酉贞观二十三年，讫昭宗壬戌天复二年，传十三世，共二百五十五年。
|
|-
|}

==Dachanghe Generations《大长和国　　传三世》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Dachanghe Generations《大长和国　　传三世》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|郑买嗣又名。　　　伪谥圣明文武威德桓皇帝。
|
|-
|郑买嗣，又名，唐巂州西泸令陷南诏臣蒙氏，为清平官郑回之七世孙。
隆舜时历官侍中，权势日重。隆舜巡幸无度，留买嗣守国，遂专政柄。舜化贞时为相，化贞卒，嗣贼杀其子，簒蒙国，于唐昭宗壬戌天复二年十二月卽位，年四十二岁，国号大长和，仍都大理。明年，建元安国。后梁太祖开平丁卯元年，建普明寺。开平三年，铸佛一万尊，送寺祈福，为杀蒙氏八百人故也。开平四年八月，买嗣卒，在位八年，子仁旻立。
|
|-
|}

===Renmin 　《仁旻　　　伪谥肃文太上皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Renmin 　《仁旻　　　伪谥肃文太上皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|仁旻，后梁太祖庚午开平四年卽位，年二十二岁。明年，改元始元，又改元天瑞、景星、安和、贞佑、初历。末帝甲戌乾化三年，旻攻蜀。蜀高祖王建发兵拒之，旻兵大败，溺水使者万馀人。后唐庄宗癸未开同光元年，施宫寺灾，僧智照撰『封民三宝记』。同光二年旻以朱鬃白马求婚于南汉刘龑，龑以增城公主妻之。明宗丙戌天成元年八月，仁旻饵金丹，躁怒，常杀人，遂暴卒，在位十六年，子隆亶立。
|
|-
|}

===Longdan 　《隆亶　　伪谥恭惠帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Renmin 　《仁旻　　　伪谥肃文太上皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|隆亶，后唐明宗丙戌天成元年卽位，年十二岁，明年，改元天应。明宗戊子天成三年，东川节度使杨乾贞入朝，弑隆亶而立赵善政，计亶在位二年。
|
|-
|按：郑氏大长和国，自买嗣簒位，起唐昭宗癸亥天复三年，讫后唐明宗戊子天成三年，传三世，共二十六年。
|
|-
|大天兴国一作兴源国。　　一世
|
|
|}

==Dayining Generations《大义宁国　　一世》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Yang Qianzhen 《杨乾贞　　　伪谥肃恭帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|杨乾贞于后唐明宗己丑天成四年夺大天兴国赵善政之位，改国号曰大义宁国，建元兴圣，又改元大命。乾贞萂村人。今大理府宾川州所属地。母名弥彔，有美色，蒙隆舜私焉。有孕，适渔人杨氏，生乾贞，后又生诏。其父捕鱼，贞立船头，见水中有人龙衣冠冕，左右有凤鸟，白光拥护，乃呼父视之。父见是贞之影，大奇之。长仕郑氏，官至东川节度使。至是夺善政位而自立。贞在位，贪暴特甚，中外咸怨。后晋高祖丁酉天复二年，通海节度使段思平起兵讨之。贞遣弟杨诏等五人出拒。诏兵败，乾贞出奔。思平遂得位，寻赦其罪，废为僧。计贞在位八年。
|
|-
|}


==Dali Generations《大理国　　　传十四世》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Siping《太祖圣神文武皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|	段思平，其先武威郡北人，世为南诏蒙氏将。唐元宗辛卯天宝十载，及甲午天宝十三载，唐再伐云南，云南王蒙

阁逻凤命世子凤伽异、大军将段俭魏迎战于点苍山及西洱河，两败唐兵。以功升俭魏为清平官，赐名忠国，寻拜相，六传而至思平。其母因过江，水泛触浮木，若有感而娠，生思平，并其弟思良。思平为幕览，小府副将也。常游山中，得为帝之谶，又每多异徵。时东川节度使杨乾贞之弟杨诏者已贵，闻而忌之，使人贼思平。思平逃匿于崇恩寺，在大理府城南九里。捕者追至，见蛛网盈寺门，不入，故得脱。后积战功，使为通海节度使。后唐明宗己丑天成四年，杨乾贞夺赵善政之位。受诏之谮，常欲除思平。平卜于秀山神祠，就其舅爨判自匿。后晋高祖丙申天福元年，乾贞索捕思平甚急。会善政臣守高方，素与思平善，密遣人招思平。思平与其弟思良、军师董迦罗走就之。皆裂冠，变姓名，为猎者，牵一犬至品甸波大村今大理府云南县地。宿旅舍。舍有戟，生牛革裹之，是夜风起，戟忽洞革出。思平惊曰：「是何銛利？得非神戟乎！」问主人曰：「戟何为？」曰：「以防夜耳。」曰：「防夜莫若犬。」遂以犬易戟去。行至叶镜湖，湖在大理府云南县地得神马。饥取野桃而食，核上有虫啮「靑昔」二字，思平解为十二月二十一日，意其吉兆。于是急趋而前，借兵于东方黑爨三十七蛮部，会于石城，今曲靖府是。以董迦罗为军师。兵集之期，适十二月二十一日也。所向皆克，遂进攻大理，讨干贞。时诏等陈兵据桥，军不能过。思平夜忽得三梦：人无首；玉瓶无耳；镜破。觉而告其下。迦罗觧之曰：君乃丈夫，去首为天；玉瓶去耳为王；镜破则无对者，此神示吉兆。是日，有被缨浣沙妇，指渡处曰：「人从我江尾，马从三沙矣，尔国名大理。」从之，乃得过江，击诏等杀之。乾贞闻诏等军败，出奔。思平卽位，时天福丁酉二年也，年四十四岁。建号大理国，建元文德，仍都大理。天福三年封董迦罗为相国，封高方为岳侯，分治成纪、巨桥等地。封爨判为巴甸侯。祠秀山神，免东方三十七蛮部徭役，赦国中凡有罪无子孙者。天福四年，赦杨乾贞罪，废为僧。一说乾贞败后，挈其妻子奔永昌郡。思平遣兵追之，至万剑树，乾贞自缢而死。思平俘其妻子亲属。帝好佛，岁岁建寺，铸佛万尊。后晋出帝甲辰开运元年帝崩，在位八年，子思英立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Siyin 　《文经皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Siyin 　《文经皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|思英，后晋出帝甲辰开运元年卽位，明年，为出帝开运二年，改元文经。帝母杨氏桂仙娘没而为神，屡著灵应，封为楡城宣惠圣国母。是年，帝叔思良争位，废帝为僧，法名宏修大师。在位一年，叔思良立。一说思英素不肖，思平在日，常欲废之，不果。迨卽位，愈淫戏无度，群臣废之，而立思良。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Siliang 　《圣慈文武皇帝　　太祖之弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Siliang 　《圣慈文武皇帝　　太祖之弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|思良，后晋出帝乙巳开运二年卽位，明年，改元至治。后周太祖壬子广顺二年，帝崩，在位七年，子思聪立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Sicong 　《思聪　　伪谥至道广慈皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Sicong 　《思聪　　伪谥至道广慈皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|思聪，后周太祖壬子广顺二年卽位，明年改元明德，又改元广德。宋太祖乙巳开宝二年，思聪卒，在位十七年，子素顺立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Susun 　《素顺》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Susun 　《素顺》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素顺，宋太祖乙巳开宝二年卽位。明年，改元明政。先是，宋太祖丁卯乾德五年春，王全斌平蜀，还京师，请取云南，负地图进。太祖鉴唐之祸，以玉斧画大渡河为界，曰：「此外非吾有也。」由是段氏得据南诏，相安无事。太宗乙酉雍煕二年，素顺卒，在位十六年，子素英立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Suyung 　《素英　　　　伪谥昭明皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Suyung 　《素英　　　　伪谥昭明皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素英，宋太祖乙酉雍煕二年卽位。明年，改元广明，又改元明应、明圣、明统、明治。太宗至道二年，述『传灯录』。真宗己酉大中祥符二年，素英卒，在位二十四年，子素廉立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Sulong 　《素隆　　　　伪谥秉义皇帝 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Sulong 　《素隆　　　　伪谥秉义皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素隆，宋真宗壬戌干兴元年卽位，明年改元明通。仁宗丙寅天圣四年素隆禅位为僧，在位四年。侄素贞真立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Suzhen 　《素真　　　　伪谥圣德皇帝  》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Suzhen 　《素真　　　　伪谥圣德皇帝  》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素真，宋仁宗丙寅天圣四年卽位，明年改元正治。仁宗辛巳庆历元年素真禅位为僧，在位十五年，孙素兴立。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Suxing 　《素兴　　　　伪谥天明皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Suxing 　《素兴　　　　伪谥天明皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素兴，宋仁宗辛巳庆历元年卽位，明年改元圣明，又改元天明。素兴性好游狎，广营宫室于东京，多植花草，于春登堤上植黄花，名绕道金棱，云津桥上种白花，名萦城银棱。每春月，挟妓载酒，自玉案三泉，溯为九曲流觞。男女列坐，斗草簪花，昼夜行乐。花中有素馨者，以素兴爱之，故名。又有花遇歌则开，有草遇舞则动，兴令歌者傍花，舞者傍草。盖亦花草之妖也。仁宗甲申庆历四年，素兴在位，荒淫日甚，国人废之，而立太祖曾孙智恩之子思廉。计兴在位三年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Silian 　《思廉　　太祖元孙　　伪谥兴宗孝德皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Silian 　《思廉　　太祖元孙　　伪谥兴宗孝德皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|素兴，宋仁宗辛巳庆历元年卽位，明年改元圣明，又改元天明。素兴性好游狎，广营宫室于东京，多植花草，于春登堤上植黄花，名绕道金棱，云津桥上种白花，名萦城银棱。每春月，挟妓载酒，自玉案三泉，溯为九曲流觞。男女列坐，斗草簪花，昼夜行乐。花中有素馨者，以素兴爱之，故名。又有花遇歌则开，有草遇舞则动，兴令歌者傍花，舞者傍草。盖亦花草之妖也。仁宗甲申庆历四年，素兴在位，荒淫日甚，国人废之，而立太祖曾孙智恩之子思廉。计兴在位三年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Lianyi　《廉义　　　伪谥上德皇帝 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Lianyi　《廉义　　　伪谥上德皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|廉义，宋神宗乙卯熈宁八年卽位。明年，改元上德。遣使入贡于宋。熈宁十年，又改元广安，作八龙王会。神宗庚申元丰三年，杨义贞杀廉义而自立。计义在位五年，自义贞弑其主廉义而自立，簒位仅四月，鄯阐侯高智升命子清平官高升泰起东方爨僰兵，讨而诛之，立廉义之侄寿辉。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Shouhai　《寿辉　　　伪谥上明皇帝 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Shouhai　《寿辉　　　伪谥上明皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|寿辉，宋神宗庚申元豊三年卽位。明年，改元上明，以高智升为布燮，高升泰为鄯阐侯。是年，日月交晦，星辰昼见。寿辉因天变，遂禅位于思廉之孙正明。计辉在位一年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Zhengming　《正明　　思廉之孙　　伪谥保定皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Shouhai　《寿辉　　　伪谥上明皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|寿辉，宋神宗庚申元豊三年卽位。明年，改元上明，以高智升为布燮，高升泰为鄯阐侯。是年，日月交晦，星辰昼见。寿辉因天变，遂禅位于思廉之孙正明。计辉在位一年。
|
|-
|}

==Da Zhongguo Generations　《大中国》==
===Gao Shentai 《高升泰　　伪谥富有圣德表正皇帝》====
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Shouhai　《寿辉　　　伪谥上明皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|高升泰，宋哲宗甲戌绍圣元年，受大理国段正明之禅卽位。改国号曰大中国。明年，改元上治。升泰，岳侯高方之裔，大理点苍山莲花峰下芒涌溪人。将生，其父袭岳侯，智升往石云寺在点苍山白雪峰麓进香回，遇一老叟云：「尔家将生贵子，可速归。」智升至家，而升泰适生，心颇异之。及长，有材器，仕为清平官，兼九爽之事，誉望日重。思廉出游，猝遇烈风，吹踣其马。廉将坠，智深跃前扶之。廉德智升，赐以宫人及珠玉。杨允贤（判）〔叛〕，廉命智升讨之，以功加太保，封德侯，旋晋鄯阐侯，世袭。及杨义贞簒逆，智升令升泰起东方兵，诛义贞而立廉义之侄寿辉。辉以智升为布燮，升泰袭鄯阐侯。辉在位灾异迭兴，因禅位于思廉之孙正明。明为君不振，人心归高氏。遂请升泰为君，而正明禅以位焉。哲宗丙子绍圣三年，升泰在位二年，寝疾。遗命曰：「我之立国，以段氏之弱，我死，必以国仍还段氏，愼勿背我。」及卒，其子高泰明遵遗命，还位正明之弟正湻。段氏复兴，号后理国。高氏相之，政令皆出其门，国人称为高国主，段氏拥虚位而已。
|
|-
|}

==Houli Guo Generations 《后理国》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Zhengchen　《段正湻　大理国正明之弟　伪谥中宗文安皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段正湻，宋哲宗丙子绍圣三年复得国，卽位，号后理国。以高泰明为相国，执政柄，高泰运为栅主。明年，改元天授。又改元开明，天政，文安，赦徭役。筑楚雄城，在今楚雄府城西北二里。以封高泰明之侄高明亮。徽宗癸未崇宁二年，遣高泰运奉表入宋，求经籍，得六十九家，药书六十二部。鄯阐李观音得来朝，进金马杖八十节，人民三万三千户。湻赐得八章礼衣，龙头剑，擢为安东将军。蔚按：蒙氏时有安东将军，季李珠所筑安东城，在今大理府赵州城东二里。缅人、波斯、昆仑三国进白象及香物。十月，彗星见西方，大疫。徽宗戊子大观二年，正湻禅位为僧，在位十二年，子和誉立。
|
|-
|和誉又名正严　封云南节度使大理国王，伪谥宪宗宣仁皇帝
|
|-
|和誉，宋徽宗戊子大观二年卽位。明年，改元日新。又改元文治、永嘉、保天、广运。七月中元节，各方贡金银、罗绮、珍宝、犀象万计，牛马遍点苍。徽宗辛卯政和元年，地大震，损十六寺。三十七部判叛〕，高相国泰明讨平之。使四子高明清居鄯阐镇守。政和五年，缅人进金花、犀象。政和六年。遣儒官钟震、黄渐赍敕褒高泰朋相国忠贞，封平国公。是年，遣使入贡于宋。高泰明卒，封国师。泰明生八子，高智昌以罪流死。其下伊、何二人谋为执仇，乘誉入寺进香，图弑逆，事露被收。誉嘉二人之义，赦之，为立义士冢。高泰运立，主国事。六月，三日并出。政和丁酉七年，命子紫琮充进奉使，入贡于宋。诏遣使册封誉为金紫光禄大夫、检校司空、云南节度使、上柱国、大理国王。徽宗己亥宣和元年正月，彗出，慕宁、远、矣、破、马等叛。三月，出师征之，兵败。三十七部蛮复叛。陷鄯阐，高明清死之。郡臣以高升泰侄商量成有德，请立为相，号中国公。徽宗丙午靖康元年五月，金星入月，大火，焚三千九百家。南宋高宗丙辰绍兴六年，王遣使贡象马于宋，广西经畧安抚使奏之，诏护送行在，优礼答之。绍兴十六年三月十四日，大雾，历二十四日方开。高宗丁卯绍兴十七年，王老，因诸子内争外叛、遂禅位为僧，在位三十九年。子正兴立。
|
|-
|}

===Zhengxing 《正兴又名易长　　伪谥景宗正康皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Zhengxing 《正兴又名易长　　伪谥景宗正康皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|正兴，南宋高宗丁卯绍兴十七年卽位。明年，改元永贞，又改元大宝、龙兴、盛明、建德。高量成让相位与侄寿贞，退老楚雄城。人化其德，名城曰德江城。孝宗癸未隆兴元年三月，寿贞卒。寿昌立为中国公。孝宗壬辰乾道八年四月，重雾，十六日方开。正兴禅位为僧，在位二十五年，子智兴立。
|
|-
|}

===Zhixing 《智兴　　　伪谥宣宗功极皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Zhixig 《智兴　　　伪谥宣宗功极皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|智兴，南宋孝宗壬辰乾道八年卽位，明年，改元利贞。又改元盛德、嘉会、元亨、安定。遣李观音得等至广西横山砦今在广西南宁府江上。求市马。李观音得夺寿昌位，与侄贞明。阿机起兵夺贞明位，还寿昌。贞明遂据鹤庆，号明国公，伪谥义地威天聪明仁帝。高妙音自白崖起兵，据鄯阐。时有妙音之甥成贤、成正二人来谒，意在夺鄯阐。妙音觉之，与之盟于天王庙。二人口含丁香叶，出庙吐之曰：「盟非我也，叶也。」未几，二人起兵，方战，见白马将斩之。白马将，乃庙中二力士也。光宗庚戌绍熙元年，修十六寺。宁宗乙卯庆元元年，修龙首、龙尾二关，三阳城。宁宗庚申庆元六年，智兴卒，在位二十八年，子智廉立。
|
|-
|}

===Zhilian 《智廉　　　伪谥享天皇帝 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Zhilian 《智廉　　　伪谥享天皇帝 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|智廉，南宋宁宗庚申庆元六年卽位。明年，改元凤历。又改元元寿。使人入宋求『大藏经』一千四百六十五部，置五华楼。宁宗乙丑开禧元年，智廉卒，在位五年。弟智祥立。
|
|-
|}

===Zhixiang 《智祥　　　伪谥神宗皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Zhixiang 《智祥　　　伪谥神宗皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|智祥，南宋宁宗乙丑开禧元年卽位。明年，改元天开。又改元天辅、仁寿。征三十七蛮部，至寻甸平，河水绝流。理宗丁酉嘉（禧）〔熙〕元年，封高隆鄯阐王，以高泰祥为相国，以光日为演习。大府主将也。举贤育才，时和年丰，称治国焉。理宗戊戍嘉（禧）〔熙〕二年，智祥禅位为僧，在位三十三年。子祥兴立。
|
|-
|}

===Xiangxing 《祥兴　　　伪谥孝义皇帝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Xiangxing 《祥兴　　　伪谥孝义皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|祥兴，南宋理宗戊戌嘉（禧）〔熙〕二年卽位。明年，改元道隆。理宗甲辰湻佑四年，蒙古兵出灵关，伐大理。祥兴遣将高禾迎战，禾败死之。段连佑归宋，宋遣使吊祭，致经书、银缎，为高禾拒蒙古兵战殁也。理宗辛亥湻佑十一年，为蒙古宪宗蒙哥之元年，祥兴卒，在位十三年。子兴智立。
|
|-
|}

===Xingzhi 《兴智　　　赠天定贤王》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Xiangxing 《祥兴　　　伪谥孝义皇帝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|兴智，南宋理宗辛亥湻佑十一年卽位。明年，改元利正。又改元兴正、天定。是年，南宋理宗壬子湻佑十二年，为蒙古宪宗之二年七月丙午，太弟忽必烈等奉宪宗命，伐大理。受制专征，以大将兀良合台总督军务。八月，次临洮，由六盘逾吐番，凡行山谷二千馀里无人之境。先遣王律术、王侯、王鉴来谕大理，道阻而还。九月，次忒刺，分三道进。兀良合台率西道兵，由晏当路，诸王抄合也只烈率东道兵，由白蛮，忽必烈率劲骑，由中道。乙巳，至满陀城，留其辎重。十月，过大渡河。十一月，至白蛮打郭砦。十二月，再遣三使入大理，招兴智，皆被杀。智命相国高泰祥守金沙江，与蒙古将伯颜不花、虎儿敦等相持。忽必烈命众以革囊潜济江，破吐番，渉摩荻，出石门，所过降之，遂进薄大理。泰祥回军，奉兴智拒战，不胜。蒙古兵入上关。智奔鄯阐，泰祥退至统失逻先为姚安府，府裁，今为姚州，属楚雄府。募兵于三十七部未至，而蒙古兵已长（躯）〔驱〕而入，泰祥被执大理，不屈，乃斩于五华楼下。祥临刑叹日：「段运不回，天使其然，为臣殒首，盖其分也。」时白日正午，忽云起雷震，天鼓大鸣，忽必烈曰：「忠臣也。」泰祥夫人段氏，抱孤儿高琼、高长寿等伸诉。忽必烈目儿顾左右曰：「此忠臣后，宜善视之。」许以世其官。高泰祥为大中国升泰九世孙。遂灭段氏而有其地，得五城、八府、蛮部三十有七。乘胜入吐蕃，降其酋。明年，南宋理宗癸丑宝佑元年，为蒙古宪宗之三年，忽必烈班师。大将兀良合台拔鄯阐，获兴智以献，宪宗命赦之，封为摩诃罗嵯，管领八方，仍守其地，世袭总管。计兴智在位二年，宪宗授兀良合台银印，加大元帅，还镇大理。以刘时中为宣抚使，与兴智同安辑焉。南宋理宗庚申景定元年，为蒙古世祖忽必烈之中统元年，兴智率其季弟段信苴福北行，朝于世祖，道卒。计为总管又七年。蒙古遣使来祭吊，文曰：「段氏承八姓正位，归有新统，旣顺天时以向义，犹得国王以栖迟，实国家待远方之仁，由贤王能左右之义。受命以来，朝夕愓励。赖尔维勤，用征不廷，正当共享亨嘉之运，胡意遽罹霜露之灾，呜呼！当朕未集大统，乃为叔季之国。兹旣承景运，合正君臣之称，参录不替于子孙，诏禄宜昭于典册，特遣太常省祭，赠为后理国向义天定贤王段公，尚赖神麻，永保祚土。所赠王爵，后不为例。」明年，南宋理宗辛酉景定二年。为蒙古世祖中统二年，世祖敕授王之弟信苴日则段实。总管守大理。命之曰：「向率我以临尔境众据国人之请，因从城下之盟，款附而忠勤益著。庸示至优之礼，以彰同视之仁。可革帝号，锡以虎符，总理大理、鄯阐、威楚、统矢、会川、建昌、腾越诸郡，抚恤已附之民，招集未降之国，卿其勉之。」
|
|-
|按：段氏后理国，自段正湻复国，起宋哲宗丙子绍圣三年，讫南宋理宗癸丑（实）［宝应元年，传八世，共一百五十七年。
|
|-
|总计段氏大理、后理二国，传二十二世，共三百零十五年。
|
|-
|增订南诏野史下卷
|
|-
|}

==Hu Weixianmen Wing DynastyRevisions《大淸湖南武陵胡　蔚羡门订正》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Hu Weixianmen Wing Dynasty Revisions《大淸湖南武陵胡　蔚羡门订正》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段氏总管除天定贤王段兴智受封总管七年外起段信苴日卽段实讫段世，共袭十二世。
|
|-
|段实一名信苴日。
|
|-
|段实，于南宋理宗景定二年，蒙古世祖之中统二年，入朝于世祖，袭总管，赐虎符，领大理、威楚、鄯阐、统矢、会川、建昌、腾越等城，自万户以下皆受节制。南宋理宗癸亥景定四年，为元世祖中统四年，蒙古设大理都元帅府，命昔撒昔总制鬼国、大理两路。理宗甲子景定五年，为世祖至元元年，妖僧舍利威结威楚、统矢、鄯阐及三十七蛮部叛，实讨之，大破于威楚、统矢、安宁等处，又破释多罗十馀万众于洱河海口。南宋度宗丁卯咸湻三年，蒙古世祖至元四年，以皇第五子忽哥赤为云南王，镇大理。至元五年，忽哥赤受命与安南国王讨占城、真腊。南宋度宗咸湻六年，世祖至元七年，置大理路军民总管府。南宋度宗辛未咸湻七年，为蒙古世祖至元八年冬十一月，世祖改国号曰元。云南王忽哥赤为元帅寳和丁所杀。元伐金齿、缥甸，降之。分大理三十七蛮部为南北中三路，遣阿鲁忒儿宣抚大理，招谕诸蛮。南宋度宗辛未咸湻十年，元世祖至元十一年，封宗室脱忽鲁为云南王，命云南行省平章政事赛典赤建云南各衙门。妖僧舍利威复叛，实遣石买等诡为商贾，执贽往见，挺矛鏦杀之，枭首于市。元世祖赐实白金及金织纹衣。南宋恭宗丙子德佑二年，元世祖至元十三年，授实为大理等处宣抚使。缅甸叛犯永昌，元命纳速剌丁赛典赤之长子，后封延安王。伐之，破砦三百，因天暑，还师。复命诸王相吾答儿、右丞太卜、参政也罕的斤伐缅，招讨使法烈先驱造舟于阿若、阿禾两江，进拔江头、太公二城，金齿、乌蒙皆降。南宋帝昺庚辰祥兴二年春二月，为元世祖忽必烈之至元十七年，宋亡，元入主中国。以忽哥赤之子也先帖木儿为云南王。命忙兀鲁徵八百媳妇。缅败忽都帖木儿兵，诏思、播土官田、杨二处兵助讨之。命征缅官番听云南王节制。至元辛巳十八年实率子阿庆入觐，元祖嘉其忠，晋大理、威楚、金齿等处宣慰使都元帅。升辞，复拜为云南诸路行中书省参知政事，留阿庆宿卫东宫。至元壬午十九年，实受敕迎征缅师，于金齿病卒。诏以其弟忠为大理宣慰使兼军民万户府，赠实为武定公。实任职二十二年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Zhong《段忠　实之弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Zhong《段忠　实之弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段忠，元世祖癸未至元二十年袭。是年，忠随元元帅阔木征芒部、两林蛮及会川等处，破贼立功，元授忠为善阐酋，赐虎符。元置邦牙宣慰司于蒲甘城，命云南王也先帖木儿率招讨使怯烈总兵三千往镇之。忠奉云南王命伐武定。冬十二月忠卒，以实之子阿庆为大理金齿等处宣慰司都元帅、佩金虎符，封宣武将军，晋镇国上将军，尚公主。遣归，复授云南行省参政。忠任职一年。
|
|-
|段庆卽阿庆。实之子
|
|
|-
|段庆，元世祖甲申至元二十一年袭。至元二十五年以云南王也先帖木儿移镇大理，进封营王。至元二十七年冬十月，封皇孙甘剌麻为梁王，镇云南。至元二十九年改封梁王甘剌麻为晋王，镇北边。至元三十年，封甘剌麻之子松山镇云南。至元三十一年世祖崩，孙铁木耳立，是为成宗。成宗丙申元贞二年，置彻里路，卽车里军民宣慰使司。令与八百犬牙相制。秋八百叛命，也先不花征之。成宗己亥大德三年，云南水西土官宋隆济叛，贵州知州张怀德战死。云南行省麻九儿讨之，追杀贼首撒月，斩首五百级。庆奉敕征交趾，平之。入朝，带僧左黎同往，适成宗手疽甚，黎以法水洗之，立愈。帝欲试其术，乃掘地窖，令八人潜其中击鼓，佯云有怪，召黎治之，黎行法，顷之不闻鼓声，启窖视之，则八人已死。帝敬其法，封为国师。大德四年，缅人僧哥伦作乱。缅酋执其兄阿散哥也，寻释去，阿散乃率其党杀酋。酋次子奔诉京师，诏遣薛超兀儿率行省兵讨之。大德五年，金齿、八百叛，不输粮，杀官吏，元命右丞刘深、哈剌带、郑佑等征之。刘深协求水西土妇节金三千两、马三千匹，土官宋隆济遂叛，围深等于穷谷中，梁王阔率兵救，解之。冬，云南地大震，御史陈天祥谏伐西南夷，不报。大德七年，罢徵八百，免右丞刘深官，收符印。左丞相哈剌哈孙议深徼名首衅，丧师辱国，劝帝诛深，遂杀之。深卽往以兵逼南宋帝昺于谢女峡者。大德八年，立平云南碑于点苍山。顺元宣抚宋阿重获其叛叔宋隆济，朝命升职，赐衣一袭。滇池有蛟，化少年淫妇女，有神僧赵伽罗者，命黑胡神擒之，至噀水见形，斩之。神卽土主也。成宗丙午大德十年，罗雄土官阿那龙少叛，据越州。今在曲靖府南六十里，本唐之悦州，其川名鲁望。命右丞汪惟能讨之，追至曲靖，斩那龙少。是年庆卒，弟正袭。庆任职四十三年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Zheng 《段正　庆之弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Zheng 《段正　庆之弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段正，元成宗丁未大德十一十年袭。正招蒙化山中生爨入籍。元授正为参政，仍大理军民总管。晋宁建盘龙寺。有神僧觉照者，段氏族人，号莲峰，游东山见龙潭绝幽胜，乃咒龙令徙。龙去，水涸，建寺其地。蔚按：莲峰僧于顺帝之至正末入定塔中。武宗海山戊申至大元年，沾益、乌蒙地大震，三日并出。至大二年三月，梁王松山风疾，诏封皇第七子西平王奥鲁赤之孙老的代镇云南。仁宗爱育黎拔力八达壬子皇庆元年，诏罢徵八百。皇庆癸丑二年冬十月，学士李孟奏准开科，三年一试。时九成殿生芝，天下共取士三百名，每榜云南取五名，内蒙古二名，塞目二名，汉人一名。以八月二十日初场，二十三日次场，二十六日三场。仁宗乙卯延佑二年十一月，封武宗子和世珠为周王，出镇云南。仁宗丙辰延佑三年，正卒，庆子隆袭。正任职十年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Long 《段隆　庆之子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Long 《段隆　庆之子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段隆，元仁宗丁巳延佑四年袭，元授隆为大理军民总管。延佑己未六年，云南行省奏：「夷俗：凡土官无子，卽以妻代管。请听之。」诏曰可。延佑庚申七年，封甘剌麻孙王禅为云南王。英宗硕德八喇癸亥至治三年，进封王禅为梁王，封其子帖木儿不花为云南王。是年八月，诸王按梯不花、索孛罗、月鲁铁木儿等及御史大夫铁失弑帝于南坡行幄。九月泰定帝也孙铁木儿卽位。十二月流诸王月鲁铁木儿于云南。泰定四年，洱海有水怪，牛猪形短项金睛，兴水为患。大理一道人向隆取黄金百镒，隆与之，乃以金为索，沉于河，怪卽日徙于浪穹宁河。按：『六诏灵源记』云：宁河无底。明宣德间，有渔人李应捕鱼，网得金索，旋得旋断。一渔者诫之曰：可止矣。应贪甚，尽曵之，索将穷，惊其怪，风浪陡作，应并舟倶溺，至今为患。文宗图帖睦尔庚午至顺元年，以豫王阿忒思纳失里出镇云南。诸王秃坚据云南叛，杀廉访使，自称云南王。元诏枢密帖木儿讨之，发朵甘思等处兵分道进。至四川建昌、罗罗斯，权寻甸府官曲术集义兵讨秃坚，败贼伯忽于马龙，追至金马山，擒之。是年，隆以老退闲，子俊袭。隆任职十四年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Jun 《段俊　隆之子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Jun 《段俊　隆之子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段俊，元文宗辛未至顺
二年袭，元授俊为云南行省平章。乌撒部奏：「云南驿输征甚苦，愿属四川。」奏下参政贾敦煕议之。是年俊卒，族弟义袭。俊任职一年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Yi 《段义　俊之族弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Yi 《段义　俊之族弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段义，元文宗壬申至顺三年袭，朝命止授为承务郞、蒙化州知州。是年阿容禾叛于中庆路，义助兵讨平之，以功升参政。九月，乌蒙土官禄馀寇顺元，云南行省遣都事那海奉诏往谕，授馀为参政。冬十一月，云南行省奏：「国马每月上寅日给盐，饮之无病。因伯忽反，盐不给，马多死。」诏四川以盐给之。是年义卒，隆子光袭。义任职一年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Guang 《段光　隆之子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Guang 《段光　隆之子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段光，元顺帝妥权帖睦尔癸酉元统元年袭，朝命止授为承务郞、蒙化州知州。番兵作乱，孟州判官李生等守白崖，値高蓬新败番兵，乗胜长驱破河尾关。光率兵大败之，斩馘无算，河水尽赤，为之不流，得战马甲仗数千。光赋凯旋诗云：「雨锁金门百里城，神州花木管弦声。齐天苍岳参云峻，界地楡河射月明。梵宇三千朝呗朗，招提八百夜香淸。恒沙善果心无异，何患愚夷治不平。」元统二年，光以先与梁王把匝剌瓦尔密孛罗因分域构隙，至是遣张希矫、杨生、张连等发兵攻梁王，不胜，士卒多死，希矫等遁归。顺帝至元元年，梁王侵大理，光自督兵与战于昆弥山卽今大理府赵州南之定西岭，梁王大败。凯还，侍翰杨天甫作『长寿仙曲』上光云：「蒙氏钟王气，驾驭万乗唐。南龙光对北金锁，东洱水朝西点苍，四面固金汤。江绿春杨柳，岸淸古雪霜。屏障龙吟梅破王，竹林鹤立菊舒黄，四季景如妆。此生诚庆幸，有眼睹明王。」光大喜，设宴谢之。顺帝辛巳至正元年，玉案山生水小赤犬，群走如飞。段雄正曰：「此天狗星所化，大兵压境之兆。」经二年方绝。又下铁雨山石，民屋倶穿，人値之多击死。梁王刺杀段氏臣高蓬。先是，光令蓬督兵罗那关，梁王使人暗招之，蓬不从，答之诗云：「寄语下番梁王翁，檄书何苦招高蓬，身为五岳嵩山主，智过六丁缩地公，铁甲铁盔持铁槊，花鞍花索驭花骢，但挥眼前黄石阵，孤云击破几千重。」梁王忌之，乃重贿蓬庖人，刺杀之。顺帝甲申至正四年，光卒，弟功袭。光任职十二年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Gong 《段功　光之弟》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Gong 《段功　光之弟》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|	段功，元顺帝乙酉至正五年袭，朝命止授为承务郞、蒙化州知州。至正六年，木邦夷思可叛。元命河南参政贾敦熈督师会云南路兵讨之，以功为前锋，屡战克捷。叙功升功为大理总管，寻升参政。至正癸巳十三年，红巾贼流入建昌，旁掠云南边地。阿次失里讨平之。至正十五年三月，元窜太师脱脱于云南。中书右丞哈麻、御史袁赛因不花等陷之也。十二月，左丞相哈麻矫诏杀脱脱于阿轻乞之地，时年四十二岁，天下寃之，两日相荡。是年，梁王宫中有怪。左右启王曰：「盘龙寺僧莲峰，能驱邪。」王礼请至，行法，怪息。王喜，留宫中供养，至夜密问之曰：「今中原纷乱，后事如何？」僧曰：「二十年后祚尽矣。」至期明师果南下。至正十六年，黑井有毒龙，兴水溢井，损民居。莲峰建寺，书铁符沉井中，害息。又宁州有虎咥人，莲峰洒净水驱虎远去，明日虎果去。七月，元以四川廉访使蒲机云为云南诸路廉访使。至正癸卯二十三年三月，红巾贼明玉珍率其党李芝麻同弟明二等将兵三万攻云南。入金马山，梁王把匝剌瓦尔密奔楚雄。四月，梁王发中庆，至石碑村，红巾入城，梁王闻报，感而自咏云：「野无靑草有黄尘，道侧仍多战死人。触目伤心无限事，鸡山还似旧时春。」随命陜西参政车力帖木儿拒之，擒明二。时四方乘机窃发，群盗满山，功乃谋于外外杨智，字渊海者，同稽于卜，卜告吉。又得子宗、子秀兵至，功遂从梁王进兵，吕合败红巾于关滩江。红巾收合馀衂再战，杀段氏之骁将铁万户，又有江心庄人杨胜力战死。梁王为文祭之曰：「生于江心，为我门户，我旧不识，用备其数，能卫社稷，春秋与之，惟忠惟烈，尔则处之，噫! 义重于生，生必有死，丈夫之事，识者有几。愿气作山河，魂归苍洱，英杰复生，以保我之昆裔。」祭毕而哭，一军感泣。是夜，红巾屯古田寺，功令人焚寺，红巾乱，以铁骑捣之，死者大半，追至回蹬关，又大破之。副将谢得攻安宁，功力战杀二千人，谢得奔中庆。于夜功谍者拾得一书，乃明玉珍母寄珍书云：「自尔去后，老母平安，征云南务要得之。兵粮不足，随后发来，不可轻回。」功阅书，令杨智易其辞曰：「自尔去后，老母不安，臣下乱法。又闻中国人马入界，非止一处。尔须急回，迟则难保。大夏天统元年，太后平安书。」遂募亡命者赍书往。有打金箔人陈惠愿行，惟虑老母在。功许养其母，惠遂往。玉珍得书，挥之去令回报，迨夜，玉珍旋军。功追摄至七星关，大破其众。梁王回中庆，奏升功为云南行省平章，以主阿妻之。一日主与宴酣，歌『金指环』云：「将星挺生扶寳阙，寳阙金枝接玉叶。灵辉彻南北东西，皓皓中天光映月。玉文金印大如斗，犹唐贵主结配偶。父王永寿同碧鸡，豪杰长作擎天手。」功久居梁王府，嫡妻高夫人在大理作词寄功云：「风卷残云，九霄冉冉逐。龙池无偶，水云一片绿。寂寞倚帏屏，春雨纷纷促。蜀锦半间，鸳鸯独自宿，珊瑚枕冷，泪滴针穿目，好难禁。将军一去无度，身与影立，影与身独，盼将军只恐乐极生悲寃鬼哭。」至正二十四年春，功还大理，至洱海金鸡庙，夫人遣人适来报生子，功喜，作歌曰：「去时野火通山赤，凯歌回奏梁王怿。自冬抵此又阳春，时物变迁今又昔。归来草色绿无数，桃花正秾柳苞絮。杜鹃啼处日如年，声声只促人归去。」至正二十五年，功思新婚，欲往梁王所。员外杨智于壁间题诗留功，张希矫亦上书留行。功曰：「寳剑岂埋荒土物耶！」矫苦留不已，功怒流矫于顺州。顺州，前明属鹤庆府，今裁在永北厅城西一百二十里。唐时地名牛睒。遂与夫人别，倍道至中庆。梁王疑之，私议曰：「平章此来，得无有吞金马咽碧鸡之心。」其下有姤功者复谗构之。王与阿谋欲以孔雀胆毒功。私泄之，愿与西归。（今）〔令〕功周防，功不信。是年滇大旱，人言定远有禅僧连精，通瑜伽秘密敎，能降龙役鬼。启梁王，王遣人迎至，僧设坛祈雨，咒毕，钵中出一小蛇，遂大雨。王大喜，酬以金帛，辞，役鬼荷担，行空而去。顺帝丙午至正二十六年春，中原盗蠭起，临安廉访使支渭兴三恳休，梁王不允，遣使金闾慰，赐羔羊。渭兴自咏曰：「年高才薄忝淸流，欲挂朝冠不自由。且喜壮怀无诉谍，从敎行道有鸣驺。故园花木无由见，何日干戈定得休。九十春光还欲暮，放怀聊与醉金瓯。」重午节，梁王宫门外观射柳，随侍文武赐宴，支渭兴诗贺曰：「平地如席草如茵，少年将军酒半醺。朱鬣马穿人影过，绿杨枝逐箭锋分。旌旗色映宫前瓦，鼓角声飘海上云。何日鲸鲵倶授首，普天偃武共修文。」七月，梁王偕功东寺讲经，至通济桥，功马逸，王乘机令番将掖杀之。阿闻之恸哭曰：「昨灯下吾犹言，云南施宗施秀二人以胭花殡命，奈何不信。今果然。」命侍女锦被包之，以王礼敛送归大理。诗挽之云：「吾家住在雁门深，一片间云到滇海。心悬明月照靑天，靑天不语今三岁。黄嵩历乱苍山秋，误我一生踏里彩。华言锦被也。吐噜吐噜段阿奴，施宗施秀同奴歹。云片波潾不见人，押不芦花华言起死灵草也。颜色改。肉屏华言骆驼也。独坐细思量，西山铁立华言松林也。风潇洒。」功丧旣行，阿遂不食死，以殉焉。其家臣员外杨智渊海闻而亦死之。智临死诗曰：「半战功名百战身，不堪今日总红尘。死生自古皆由命，祸福于今岂怨人。蝴蝶梦残滇海月，杜鹃啼破点苍春。哀怜永诀云南土，絮酒还敎洒泪频。」明洪武间都督冯诚经功墓，亦歩原韵题诗，吊之曰：「田横五百剑孤身，转眼关山半委尘。北阙玉楼召客记，南滇粉壁说诗人。苍山夜黑云遮月，金马天寒鸟怨春。共惜平章迷绣幕，至今愁听水声频。」功死，长子宝自称平章，立于大理。功任蜀二十二年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Bao《段宝　功之子 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Bao《段宝　功之子 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段宝，于元顺帝丙午至正二十六年八月，因父功为梁王所害，遂自称平章，立于大理。是年，梁王开科取士，以支渭兴主试事。梁王复听谗，诛锄段族。梁段旣结仇，数数构兵。鹤庆知事杨升调和二家，自金鸡庙分界，南属梁王，北属段氏，力劝息兵，百姓稍宁。至正丁未二十七年四月，梁王生日，群臣称贺。王宴于昆明池上，省宪官献诗曰：「贤君添算宴嘉宾，幄殿先施巨海滨。万里晴天开绵绣，一川芳草踏麒麟。笙歌暖送金杯酒，铠仗寛围玉佩人。醉饱百官咸稽首，愿王高寿过千春。」中庆路土主庙圮，梁王重修，立牌纪事。先是，至正十二年庙为耆民杨光所修。至二十三年红巾贼入滇，陷中庆，毁民居，庙亦被焚。梁王欲并段氏，遣人剌宝，弗得。又令平章矢剌七攻大理，皆不克。乃遣使通好，奏授宝为云南右丞，以和之。红巾复入滇，梁王命叔铁木的罕赍敕借兵于宝，宝答书曰：「杀虎母还喂虎子，分狙栗自诈狙，公假途灭虢，献璧吞虞，金印玉书，设钓鱼之香饵，绣阁艳女，备揜雉之网罗。况平章已死，只遗一奴一獒，奴可配阿妃，獒可配华黎氏。二事许诺，当借大兵。不然，金马山换作点苍山，昆明海改作西洱海，兵来矣。」书后又附一诗云：「烽火狼烟信不符，骊山一举任枝梧。平章枉挂红罗帐，员外空题粉壁图。凤去岐山祥兆隐，麟戕大野瑞光无。自从界限鸿沟后，成败兴亡不属吾。」梁王读而深恨之。是年，明太祖取燕京，元顺帝北遁，元亡。明太祖戊申洪武元年，梁王复通好于宝，辞甚卑逊，宝许之和。时有蛮舍兴者，自元江攻入鄯阐，王惧欲出奔，宝以唇齿之故率兵救之，击走舍兴。王德宝，升为武定公。敕曰：「段宝归附而来，忠勤懋著，父子秉忠，征讨克捷，乃于戎马倥偬之中，干戈纷扰之际，不第远朝且兼平乱。宜示至优之数，以彰匡济之勋，兹特升宝为武定公，仍总管大理军民府。尔其不负初心，永保世爵，以光大尔赤城于无穷。宣光元年敕。」云云。宣光乃故元顺帝太子立于应昌年号也。太祖洪武辛亥四年，宝降于太祖，上奏云：「臣闻有天下者为天下之主，有列土者为列土之君。卑臣宝虽隔万里之遥，每切中原之向。大理有二帝三皇之后，一方九姓之传，汉晋六朝以来，大蒙国受封于前唐，残唐五季而终，二理国继守于两宋，臣祖思平等恪共藩复，贡礼屡修于中土，华风远畅于边隅。迨至故元，不尚仁义，专事暴残。顺帝已遁北方，梁王犹祸鄯阐。迩闻明主奉天承运，御极南京，中原太平，边徼宁乂。意者中国有圣人，履尭舜之正统，陋汉唐之浅图，天时人事然也。或命臣依汉唐故例，岁贡天朝，或仿元代职名，俾守旧土。庶深谷回阳，幽扄照日，八方浴德，六合同春，垂怜边境，救恤一方。欲修进贡，恐触明威，合待事体之定，专候圣旨之颁，谨此。」专差段贞、王伯鹘驰奏以闻。太祖诏谕答之。洪武五年，宝女兄名羌娜，小名僧奴，又名宝姑者，适建昌土官阿黎。先是，羌娜绣一旗，至是将嫁，以旗付宝嘱曰：「母常语我云尔父为梁王所害，必当报仇，惟望尔辈长大。我闻母言，故绣此旗已五年矣！今我嫁至夫家，收拾建昌、东川军马，飞报若到，女急来应，愼勿违焉。」临行，又以二诗别宝云：「珊瑚钩起出深闺，满目潸然泪湿衣。氷鉴银台前长大，金枝玉叶下芳菲。鸟飞兔走频来往，桂秀梅香不暂移。惆怅同胞未忍别，应知恨重点苍低。」「何彼秾兮花正红，香车独去洱河东。鸿飞雪岫难经目，风刺霜林易割胸。云白天高连水远，月新春叠与秋重。一作闺里绣旗寃父魄，天边提剑属儿曹。泪珠恰似通宵雨，千里关山几处逢。一作须知恨重苍山小，回首寒云千万重。」洪武辛酉十四年四月，国中巫女歌曰：「莫道君为山海主，山海笑谐谐。园中花谢千万朶，别有明主来。」数日，宝卒，子明袭。宝任职十四年。
|
|-
|}

===Duan Ming《段明　宝之子  》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Duan Ming《段明　宝之子  》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|段明，明太祖洪武辛酉十四年四月袭，梁王授明为宣慰使。九月，明太祖命颖川侯溥友德，列侯曹正、王弼、金朝兴，都督郭英、张铨等，率师三十万征云南。帝出饯于龙江。友德至湖广，分遣都督胡海洋、陈桓等领兵五万，由四川永宁趋乌撒。友德等率大军由辰沅趋贵州。进攻普定，擒土酋安瓒，诸苗蛮犵狫闻风迎降。十二月，溥友德等兵至普安，攻下之，进至曲靖。先是，梁王把匝剌瓦尔密遣其司徒平章达里麻将精兵十馀万屯曲靖，以拒明师。沐英曰：「彼谓我师疲于深入，未有虞心，乃可破也。」友德然之，遂倍道进师。将至白石江，忽大雾四塞，冲雾及江而上。顷之雾雾，则两军相望，达里麻见之大惊，以为神军飞至，拥军阵于南岸。沐英分遣一军，沂流潜渡，出其阵后，吹铜角，树旗帜，为疑兵山谷间。达里麻急撤阵后，军以御之，上军阵乱。友德等趣师济江，一涌而渡，旣渡，整列进战。敌众披靡，生擒达里麻，横尸十馀里，俘其众二万人，友德悉慰遣之。友德进击乌撒，分遣沐英等趣云南。梁王闻达里麻破，弃城走晋宁州，忽忽纳岩，寻入滇池岛中，先缢其妃，自饮药不死，投水死之。父老收塟云南城西三十里浄耳山，土人立庙妙音寺侧。后至嘉靖间，拆庙材修社学，乃因旧址为小寺祀之。云南右丞观音保以城降。英等入城，秋毫无犯。收梁王金印并符信图籍，安抚其民。友德亦自曲靖循格孤山而北，以应永宁之兵。时元右丞实卜闻胡海洋等进自永宁，乃聚兵赤水河，以拒之。海洋等造木筏，夜半济河，而友德亦至，实卜遁去。友德令将士于乌撒筑城，版锸方具。蛮众复合，斩首三千馀级，馀众溃散。遂城乌撒，得七星关，以通毕节。又克可渡河，于是东川、乌蒙、芒部诸蛮震惧，望风降附。先是，洪武壬子五年正月，帝遣翰林待制王禕、行参政吴云持诏谕云南梁王，令奉版图来归。梁王初不从，后有降意。至洪武六年十二月，会元太子爱猷识里达刺立于汉北，使侍郞脱脱征饷于云南，脱脱觇知梁王有二心，因以危言逼王，杀使臣以绝其念，王遂杀禕，父老收尸塟地藏寺北。吴云奉使时，会梁王遣铁知院等二十人使沙漠，为边将所获，帝乃释二十人，令与云倶行。至沙塘口，二十人谋曰：「吾等奉使不达，被执而还，罪必死。」乃说云令胡服编发，诈为元使。又逼令改制书，共给梁王。云不从，以死自誓，亦被害。梁王遣人收云骨，塟给孤独寺，及事闻，帝震怒，故有是役。按：王禕字子充，浙江金华府义乌县人。建文时赐谥文节，永乐登极，凡建文设施尽革，遂削禕谥。后至正统中，义乌县丞刘杰奏请，加奉使云南死节臣恤典，禕赐谥文忠。吴云字友云，江苏常州府宜兴县人。至弘治中，赠谥忠节，并祀云南，敕赐为二忠祠。是年冬十二月，明卒，叔世袭。明任职一年。
|
|-
|段世　宝之弟，明之叔
|
|-
|	段（氏）〔世〕，明太祖壬戌洪武十五年袭。二月，世闻鄯阐破，梁王已死，又以沐英等兵略寻甸、临安、澄江、元江、楚雄、洱海，次第皆下，进逼大理，乃遣使致书，请依唐宋故事，奉正朔为外臣。友德不听，答书谕令速降。凡三致书，世怒，遂遣都使张元亨、州判李洪赴军前下战书。畧云：「鄯阐危甚登天，大理险倍投海。英如汉武，昔战仅置益州；雄若胡元，设官止于中庆。取之易而守之难，莫若依吾请乞册封，定为进贡，始为良策。吾实武人，不通经史，前代得失则餍闻也。恭惟麾下振耀皇威，功不亚于孔明，才克比于方叔。涤山川之旧染，历代所未有也。况吾与尔旣无杀父之仇，又无财债之怨，无故交战，真乃不祥。尔屯威楚，彼处之民有何罪焉？若耗人之食，是绝其命；取人之财，是刳其心；摅人妻女，是乱人伦，则吾之应，不得已也。爰念尔等皆中国之人，其中岂无一二达士。得此何益？不得何损？西南之地，号为不毛，易动难安。今春气渐暄，烟瘴渐起，不须杀尔，四五月间，雨霖河泛，尔粮尽气敝，十散九死。形如鬼魅，色如黑漆，欲活不能，汝之进退狼狈矣。莫若乘此，天晴地乾，早寻活路。宁作中原鬼，莫作边地魂，尔宜图之。后理国段明顿首。」书后继一诗云：「长驱虎旅势威宣，深入不毛取暴残。汉武故营旗影灭，唐宗遗垒角声寒。方今天下平犹易，自古云南守独难。拟欲华夷归一统，经纶度量必须寛。」友德、英等览书大怒，拘其使。左副将军蓝玉等率师径进，兵至品甸，世恃田庵和尚有术，列兵五万扼下关。沐英自将攻之，不克。乃命王弼，率兵出洱水之东，趋上关，英以兵缀下关，为犄角势。别遣胡海洋将一军夜度，从石门间绕道出点苍山后，縁崖而上张旗帜。迟明，英先驱，渡河斩关而入，海洋之师亦从山而下，腹背夹攻。世众惊溃，拔其城，世就擒，并执明之二子苴仁、苴义，时二月二十三日也。于是沐英等分兵取鹤庆、丽江，破石门关，荡金齿，所有摩、和泥、车里、品缅等部相率归附。又略建昌，故元平章月普帖木儿降。闰二月，赐云南各土官冠带及诰敕，使任本州岛知州等官。四月，乌撒、东川、芒部诸蛮复叛，溥友德、沐英会兵进讨，斩首三万馀级，诸蛮来降，云南悉平。以乌撒、乌蒙、芒部地近四川，分隶之。九月，土官杨苴等叛，紏众至二十万，攻云南城。都督谢熊、指挥冯诚婴城固守。沐英自乌撒移兵讨之，斩首六万馀级，擒四千馀人，诸部悉定。洪武癸亥十六年二月，故元右丞普颜笃同土酋高大一作天惠叛，据佛光砦。蔚按：佛光砦卽佛光山，山半有洞，可容万人。又名一女关。昔诸葛武侯曾擒孟获于此。在大理府浪穹县东二十里。也先不花叛，据邓川州。溥友德率郭英平之。又定蒙化州，过金沙江，攻北胜府，今永北厅。擒故元平章隔生。于是丽江府、拒津等州皆平，前后斩首一万三千级，蛮民降者四十万户。帝遣耿炳文谕溥友德、蓝玉等班师，沐英留镇云南，别命列侯王志、仇成、张龙分赴寻甸各府，缮城池，立屯堡，安辑人民。是年，械送世并明之二子苴仁、苴义赴京。世临行，以诗别故人杨朝彦云：「雄兵一日破重关，父子流离瞬息间。别后欲知相忆处，锦江流水彩潺潺。」洪武甲子十七年四月，溥友德等班师至京，论平云南功，进封溥友德为颖国公，胡海洋东川侯，陈桓普定侯，张翼鹤庆侯，蓝玉、仇成、王弼、张龙等并赐铁券，子孙世袭。吴复、金朝兴先卒，倶授世袭侯爵，铁券加禄并同。馀升职赐金帛有差。以世、苴仁、苴义见帝，帝诛其头目，谕苴仁、苴义及世曰：「尔祖宝，昔年曾有降表，朕不忍废。」乃授苴仁官雁门卫镇抚，赐名归仁，苴义官武昌卫镇抚，赐名归义。世任职一年，段氏世土，至此而绝。帝又封其族段保为云龙州土知州。
|
|-
|按：段氏袭总管十二世，起南宋理宗辛酉景定二年，为蒙古世祖中统二年，讫明太祖壬戌洪武十五年，共一百二十二年。
|
|-
|}
==Notable Officials from Nanzhao through the Generations《南诏历代名宦》==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Notable Officials from Nanzhao through the Generations《南诏历代名宦》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|张元，汉元帝时守。　张翕，东汉明帝时守。　郑纯，同时。　王追，东汉顺帝时守。　王伉，后汉时永昌郡丞。　吕凯，同时永昌郡功曹。　前有文齐、吴霸、陈立，后有张亮、刘宠、犍为费诗，巴东马忠皆著勋绩。　李毅，晋惠帝光煕元年为宁州刺史，政治明达，五苓夷反时病卒，其女秀有父才，领州事。至怀帝时赠少府谥威侯。　王逊东，晋明帝大宁元年为晋宁守，华夷畏服。夷叛，死之。州人以中子坚领州事，官至平西安南将军。
|
|-
|汉盛览，字长通，叶楡今大理府太和县。人，受学司马相如，著赋心四卷。同时叶楡张叔，天资奇颖，书过目成诵。俗不知学，叔每病之。闻司马相如至若水，蔚按：『水经注』：若水南经云南郡之遂久县，县废，在今大理府宾川州城东北一百里，古称白门，置于汉时，今为金沙江巡检司地。遂负笈往从之，受经归敎乡人。　隗叔通，叶楡人，性至孝，母好饮江水，通日入江取水，维艰。滩水忽出平石，涉取甚便，人谓之孝子石。　东汉许叔，一作叔重。昆明人，明帝时入中国，受五经归，为本郡敎授。　尹珍，字道真，平彝人，桓帝时入中国，负笈从许愼受经学，还敎乡人。　唐尹仇寛，叶楡人，德宗贞元间为蒙氏淸平官，入朝陈地图，贡方物，唐拜为左散骑常侍，封高溪郡侯。　张志成，昆明人，文宗太和间入蜀，学王羲之草书，归敎国人。　元王升，昆明人，曲靖宣慰副使学政名时。　段文瑞，澄江人，读书尽孝，诏旌其门，仕至临安总管。　杨惠，楚雄人，孝母感神，诏旌其门。　张景云，昆明人，仕至临安经历。　陈宝，平彝人，仕至尚书。尹贡，南宁人，仕至尚书。以上三人皆德政名时。　元朝进士王楫、李近仁、段天祥、李天佑、李郁五人，皆三甲同进士出身。
|
|-
|}

==Ethnic Groups of Nanzhao==
===Baimin《白民》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Baimin《白民》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|有阿白、白儿子、民家等名。白国之后，卽滇中之土著。妇女出门，携伞障面，谓之避嫌。宴客，切肉拌蒜，名曰食生。馀同汉人。女镶边衣，以银花银吊为饰。
|There is the '''Ā''' '''Bái (阿白)''', '''Bái Erzǐ''' ('''白儿子'''), '''Mínjiā''' ('''民家''') and other names. The descendants of the '''Bái Kingdom''' are precisely the indigenous peoples of Central Yunnan. [When] women go out, they bring an umbrella to block their faces, this is called '''Bìxián''' ('''避嫌; avoiding suspicion'''). [When] hosting a banquet, they cut meat and garlic, this is called '''Shíshēng''' ('''食生; eating raw'''). The rest are similar to Han people. Women wear embroidered clothes, they use silver flowers and silver hangings as decoration.
|-
|}

===Pu Ren《蒲人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Pu Ren《蒲人
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽古百濮，周书所谓微卢彭濮也，后讹为蒲。质黑，鸟音。男子淸布褁头，衣套头衣，膝系黑滕；妇人挽发为髻，脑后戴靑绿磁珠，花布围腰，短裙，系海十数围。带刀弩长牌，不畏深渊，或浮以渡。婚娶长幼跳蹈，吹芦笙为孔雀舞，婿家立标竿，上悬彩绣荷包，中贮五谷银钱等者，两家男妇大小争缘取之，以得者为胜。又有野蒲、普蛮、朴子蛮等类，性尤凶悍，男子以布二幅结于左胁，另用布一幅合缝挂身；以红布搭右肩蔽腰以下。今顺宁府多此种。
|Anciently this was the '''Baipu (百濮)''', the '''Book of Zhou (周書)''' mentions the '''Wēi''' '''(微), Lú''' '''(卢),''' '''Péng''' '''(彭)''' and '''Pú''' '''(濮)'''. Later errors [turned it] into '''Pú  (蒲)'''. By nature they are black and their language [resembles] birds. Men wrap clean/clear&lt;ref&gt;Likely referring to white cloth.&lt;/ref&gt; cloth on their head and dress in tunic garments that are put over the head. They bind their knees with black rattan. Women roll up [their] hair as a topknot. At the back of the head, they wear clear blue-green porcelain beads. Printed cloth encircles the waist; they wear short skirts, connecting abundantly ten [or more] encirclements. They carry knives, bows and long shields. They are unafraid of deep abysses perhap even floating across it. At wedding ceremonies old and young alike jump and stamp, they play the reed pipe for the '''peacock dance'''. At the bridegroom's house they erect a pole, on it a bright embroidered purse is hung. Inside it stores the five crops, silver coins and other things. The two families of men and women, old and young, vie to fetch it. Once obtained, the person is victorious. Once more, there is the '''Wild Pú (野蒲), Pŭ mán (普蛮)''', '''Pú Zǐ mán (朴子蛮)''' and other types. Their nature is outstandingly fierce. The men tie two lengths of cloth at the left flank, [and] another length of cloth is stitched together and hangs off the body. There is red cloth to hang on the right shoulder to cover the body below the waist. Nowadays '''Shùnníng''' '''(顺宁)''' prefecture has many people of this type.&lt;ref&gt;Modern Day Fengqing County in Southwestern Yunnan. 鳳慶縣. Historically close to the Wa peoples and Austroasiatic population.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|}

===Bo Ren《僰人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Pu Ren《蒲人
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名百夷，又名摆夷。性耐暑热，居多在棘下。本澜沧江外夷人。有水旱二种：水僰夷近水好浴，剃后发，蓄前发，盘髻如瓢，故又名瓢头僰夷；旱僰夷山居耕猎，又名汉僰夷。男靑布褁头，簪花；妇女不施胭粉，自然白晳，盘发辫，红绿包头，饰以五彩线须，衣五色衣，桶裙绣边。其俗贱女贵男，头目妻数百人，庶民亦数十，耕织贸易，皆妇人任之。凡婚娶，男女相悦而议聘，一成匹配，不肃而严。如夫妇不睦，听夫付之一物为凭，然后改适。有邪术，能使男子千里不忘，其法不外传也。
|
|-
|}

===Lahu《猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Lahu《猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|爨蛮卢鹿之裔，猓猡其讹音也。以五月为春。信鬼尚巫，巫有大觋皤，拜禡白马之号。卜用雄鸡两髀骨，骨有细窍，刺以竹签，视多寡向背之势以定吉凶。其部长妻曰耐得，勇士曰苴可。每岁六月廿四日，名火把节，燃松炬，照村砦田庐。男椎髻镊须，耳环佩刀；妇披发短衣，桶裙，披羊皮。
|
|-
|}

===Bai Lahu《白猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Bai Lahu《白猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名撒马都，卽西爨白蛮。知读书，能文字，舌音淸便，多冒汉人。见尊长披羊皮，故嫁女授羊皮一帐。短衣革履，胸挂花包。妇人花衣桶裙，靑布蒙头，饰以海贝、锡铃。
|
|-
|}

===Hei Lahu《黑猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Hei Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽东爨乌蛮。其祝以铃，其占以草。男挽发贯耳，披毡佩刀；妇人贵者衣套头衣，方领如井字，无襟带，自头罩下，长曳地尺许，披黑羊皮，饰以铃索。
|
|-
|}

===Qian Lahu《乾猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Hei Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|以山居得名。每食插筯饭中，仰天跪拜为报本。好勇喜斗，杀人偿以财。服饰同黑猓猡，妇人项挂一羊毛筐，行住纽毛为绵。以织毯。
|
|-
|}

===Hai Lahu《海猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Hai Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名坝猓猡，以种水田得名。盖土人以水为海，以平田为坝也。居家俭朴，知读书。服饰如汉人，妇如白猓猡。
|
|-
|}

===Miao Lahu《妙猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Miao Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|多土官之裔，有营长、官奴、火头等称。男挽发贯耳；妇人桶裙无裤，穿套头衣，前不揜胫，后长曳地，衣边火焰，弯曲如旗尾。居茅舍，中堂作火炉，父子妇姑，围炉而卧。又有一种，戴鹊帽者，名猓落蛮；白布褁胫者，曰白脚猓猡。
|
|-
|}

===Ge Lahu《葛猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Ge Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名大头猓猡。男以靑布丈许裹发为大头，女戴布花线箍。婚嫁步行，妇避伯，不避翁。亦有顶盔擐甲，乘马佩刀，以劫抢为生者。然居家尊卑有序，会食以跪为敬。
|
|-
|}

===Azhela Lahu《阿者猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Azhela Lahu《阿者猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男女皆耳环手钏，衣短裤，披羊皮。婚娶，婿亲负女以归。
|Men and women each wear earrings and hand bracelets. Their clothes are short pants with sheepskin drapes. At weedings, the bridegroom's realtives carry the women back.
|-
|}

===Awu Lahu《阿乌猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Awu Lahu《阿乌猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|性狡好獵。多蓄牛羊。每砦設官房一所，婚嫁並集其中。男短衣，女長衣，倶裹頭，貫耳，出入帶刀弩。
|They are cunning in nature and fond of hunting. They raise many cattle and sheep. Every stockaded settlement has an official building for marriages to be held within. Men's clothes are short, women's clothes are long. Both wrap their heads, pierce their ears. When going out, they carry knives and bows. 
|-
|}

===Luwu Lahu《鲁屋猓猡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Azhela Lahu《黑猓猡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|耕种射猎为生。男短衣木屐，女长裙跣足。
|They make a living by cultivation, shooting and hunting. Men wear short garments and wooden clogs, women wear long skirts and tread barefoot.
|-
|}

===Sami Lahu《撒米猓猡 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Sami Lahu《撒米猓猡 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|居山，耕瘠负薪，近水，捕鱼时给。面多黧黑，男挽发如鬏，毛褐被毡，佩短刀。女披靑布单，短裙，长裤。又有鲁兀、老乌、撒完、洒泥、阿蝎、阿系等类，衣饰风俗畧同。
|
|-
|}

===Liaowu Lahu《老牾猓猡 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Liaowu Lahu《老牾猓猡 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽罗婺，又名罗午、罗武。男披发贯耳，披毡佩刀，穿火草布衣；女辫髪垂肩，饰以海贝砗磲，穿火草布裙。无床帏被褥，以松毛籍地而卧。
|
|-
|}

===Lahu Hei《猓黑 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Lahu Hei《猓黑 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|蒲蛮别种。择丛篁深处，结茅而居。蜂虫鼠蛤，无所不食，以荞稗为上品。又有大猓黑、小猓黑，岩居野处，猿猱同类。
|
|-
|}

===Putu《普特》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+ Putu《普特》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|以渔为业，舟不盈丈，而炊爨、牲畜、资生之具，无不咸备。泅水出没，口衔手捉，皆巨鱼也。今云南府省城西碧鸡山下，多有此种。
|
|-
|}

===Diyang Gui《地羊鬼 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Diyang Gui《地羊鬼 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦僰人类也。短发黄睛，奸狡嗜利。与人相仇，能行妖术，以木石易人心肾，或以一帚系衣后，变形为象、马、猪、羊、猫、犬等物。稍畏惧之，卽为所魅，入人腹中，食五脏，或潜至人家，偷窃财物，食婴儿。知者一手捉之，一手痛殴，必复为人，夺其帚縻之，彼必以家赀之半匄脱。或有娶其女者，夫每出，必问归期，卽饵以毒，如期而归，更以药觧，否则毒发而死。交易失信，及私窥其要女者，必毒之。此种元江州为甚。
|
|-
|}

===Wo Ni《窝泥》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Wo Ni《窝泥》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|有和泥、（干）〔斡〕泥、哈泥、路弼等名。黑白两种，风俗畧同。男戴麦杆帽，穿火草布衣，耳环，跣足；妇女辫发数绺，海贝、杂珠，盘旋为髻，套衣桶裙。善养猪，其猪小耳短身，长不过三十筋，肉肥腯，名窝泥猪。婚用媒妁，路遇野兽，则返而他求。嫁则以红藤束膝为识。勤生啬用，每积贝一百二十索为一窖，临死嘱其子曰：「积贝若干，汝取某窖，馀留我为来生用。」死则以雌雄鸡各一殉。又有一种名糯比，与此同，其生者名哥泥，亦名瓦黑，好勇尚斗，能咒人使病。
|
|-
|}

===Achang《阿昌》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Achang《阿昌》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名峨昌。男短衣披布单，女长衣无裤，腰缠红藤。占用竹三十三枝，畧如筮仪。嗜酒，觅禽兽虫豸生啖之。旧俗兄死弟妻嫂，后有罗扳砦百夫长早正死，其妻方艾自誓不失节，饿而死，其风遂革。又有小阿昌，其俗畧同。
|
|-
|}

===Acheng《阿成》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Acheng《阿成》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男短衣，女桶裙，以树皮代瓦。婚用牛羊，至女家以水泼女足为定。
|
|-
|}

===Biju《比苴》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Biju《比苴》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|僰夷别种。男耳环革屐，女白帨束发，缠叠如仰螺。构楼而居近水，极寒犹浴。丧尚绯，夫死，妻不再嫁，名曰鬼妻。又有白布缠足者，名白脚僰夷，亦名孔荅；茜齿，文身，髠者，名光头僰夷；额上黥刺月牙纹，盖习车里之俗，所谓雕题也。
|
|-
|}

===Heipu《黑舗 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Heipu《黑舗 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名黑普，俗同窝泥，形容黧黑，怕见汉人。畜山羊，作竹器，一切床几櫈杌，备极精巧。
|
|-
|}

===Heiqian Yi《黑乾夷 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Heiqian Yi《黑乾夷 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男椎髻麻衣，耳环垂肩；女以毛褐细带，编如筛罩，首饰以海贝、砗磲，衣领亦然。婚配，男吹芦笙，女弹口琴，唱和调悦，先野合，后媒妁。
|
|-
|}

===Shansu《山苏》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Shansu《山苏》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男披发跣足，女椎髻蒙头。语似鸟音，形如猿猴。潜居深山，种荞、麻，或工或猎，夷中之最苦者。
|
|-
|}

===Chusu《车苏》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Chusu《车苏》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名扯苏，傍岩临水。男短衣皮履，女长裙无裤。种荞稗，绩线为业，以羊毛占（睛）〔晴〕雨。
|
|-
|}

===Laji《喇鸡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Laji《喇鸡》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名喇记。黑布帽白衫。好楼居，孟春作土主会，客至，掘鼠及虾蟆为敬。其在交趾者，男善枪，女善弩，多充交兵。又有白喇鸡，男女倶穿五色氆氇，食山虫、水蛇等物。
|
|-
|}

===Lawu《喇五 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Lawu《喇五 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦曰喇乌，又曰喇鲁。男如摆夷，女如窝泥，构楼临水而居。上人下畜，名曰掌房。其在腾越州者，食巨蟒、毒虫，或取蜂糟食之。
|
|-
|}

===Manla《獛喇 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Manla《獛喇 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男插鸡毛，女裹首巾，皆披羊皮，不浣濯。婚配先野合。每采蒙肚花蒙肚花树皮如藓，能毒人。生景东厅，今不产矣。欲人醉死则醉采，欲人狂死则狂采，以毒人。又一种在王弄山者，名马喇
|
|-
|}

===Hala《哈喇 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Hala《哈喇》
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Research Commentary'''&lt;br&gt; This is likely one of the autonyms for the Wa people transcribed by the Chinese who normally did not standardize it between 哈喇 (Hālā), 哈瓦 (Hāwǎ), or 嘎剌 (Gālǎ).&lt;br&gt;'''Supporting Primary Sources:'''
{| class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; background:transparent;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;text-align:center; cursor:pointer;&quot; | [Show/Hide Source Commentaries]
|-
| class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot; |
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; text-align:left; margin:0;&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 1: Baiyizhuan
|-
|
The Hala《哈喇》have been mentioned in the [[Wikibooks|Baiyizhuan]]. {{quote|text='''Hālà''' ('''哈剌'''), men and women are [both] black, truly black. Men use printed cloth&lt;ref&gt;g&lt;/ref&gt; for covering themselves, also which the One Hundred bararians effectively manufacture; married women have top knots behind [their head]. It is tied at the back of their neck with various pearls and beads. '''Suō luó''' ('''娑罗''')&lt;ref&gt;'''Sarong''' today, however this appears to be a complex term with many copyediting issues historically, Brahmin drapes, Suoluolong, eventually describing a type of silk-cottob robe made from plant materials.&lt;/ref&gt; are draped around their bodies as clothes, horizontally it connected at the waist and lower back as a skirt. ('''Suō luóbù pī''' ('''娑罗布披''') namely is the Chinese Cotton Tree (Bombax Ceiba) cloth, strong and thick, possibly weaved as blue, red patterns.) Yet it encircles black rattan several hundred times, wrapped at the waist and lower back, it wraps around [their leg] to be used as a blue printed cloth [as they're] barefoot. 

([Used amongst the] Pú mán (蒲蠻), āchāng (阿昌), shì jiàn (事見)&lt;ref&gt;Only said once in the document and not obvious to allusions elsewhere. &lt;/ref&gt;; [according to the] The Yunnan Gazeteer&lt;ref&gt;Written by Fan Chuo of the 9th century, also known as 蛮书 (Barbarian Document)&lt;/ref&gt;.)}}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 2: Dian Lue 《滇略》 
|-
|
The Hala《(哈喇) are listed among the list of indigenous groups of the Yunnan border region in Volume 9 (卷九). In this text the group is written in with the Gula (古剌){{quote|text=「其類有小伯、夷大伯、夷蒲人、阿昌漂人、'''古刺哈喇''''、緬人、結𣆟&lt;!--Jiexie continution, but this is 17th century --&gt;、遮...」}}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 3: Dushi Fangyu Jiyao
|-
|
Hala is listed as bordering the Tai polity of Möng Yang. {{quote|text=「戛里。在司西南，孟養別部也。又有'''哈喇杜諸蠻，皆近孟養'''、緬甸之境。」&lt;br&gt;'''English''': Kalay. Located to the Southwest Pacification Commission, it is a district of Möng Yang. There are also Hala Barbarian tribes, who all are close to Möng Yang, at the border of Myanmar.}}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 4: Illustrated History of Yunan
|-
|
They are mentioned under Tengchong Military and Civilian Prefectural Command (騰衝軍民指揮使司) 
{{quote|They construct wooden nests to live in. (The Hala Man (哈剌蠻) have given names but no family names. Their appearances are crude and their bodies are dark. Their clothing and diet are similar to the Pu Man (蒲蠻), but their nature is gentle and timid. Fearing government officials, they live in nests built in the mountains and practice slash-and-burn agriculture. They grow mostly dry-land grains. Some of the men shave their heads, and all wear hats made of bamboo shoot sheaths.}}
|-
|}
|}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男女黑色，不知盥栉。妇女红黑藤缠腰数十围，产子以竹兜盛之，负于肩。又有古喇、杜喇，色尤甚，言语不通，略似人形而已。
|Men and women are black in complexion and do not know how to wash or comb. Women use red-black rattan to bind around their waist 10 or so times. When they give birth, the child goes in a bamboo cradle carried on their shoulders. There are the &lt;strong&gt;Gǔlǎ (古喇)&lt;/strong&gt;、&lt;strong&gt;Dùlǎ (杜喇)&lt;/strong&gt;, who have complexions outstandingly dark. Their speech is unintelligible [to the author], they only barely appear human in appearance.
|-
|}

===Jiala《戞喇》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Jiala《戞喇》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|悍好猎，居山巅，户不正出，迎山开门，不留馀粟。
|They fiercely enjoy hunting and reside on mountain summits. Their doors do not face directly outward but face to face open towards the mountains. They do not retain any surplus grain. 
|-
|}

===Kala《卡喇》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Kala《卡喇
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦曰卡腊，男穿耳挽发，佩短刀；女短衣无裤，胫著彩色折裤。聚族而居，耕种鬻薪。
|Also known as '''Kǎlà (卡腊)''', men pierce their ears, tie their hair and wear short knives. Women wear short clothes without trousers and brightly coloured, multi-coloured folded leggings on their shins. They reside in clan communities, cultivating and selling firewood. 
|-
|}

===Kasui《卡隋》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Kasui《卡隋》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名卡高，性顽钝，喜歌舞。男女多野合。婚娶通媒妁之日，议聘金，多至数百。娶后子孙犹有代祖父偿聘金者。
|
|-
|}

===Kawa《卡瓦》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|+Kawa《卡瓦》
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''Research Commentary'''&lt;br&gt; According to [[:Zh:W:佤族|Chinese sources]], the '''Kawa （卡瓦）''' were the Wa people who practiced Headhunting as a tradition. This is opposed to the '''Kala（卡喇)''', who had abolished the tradition of headhunting and were influenced by the Shan states.&lt;br&gt;'''Supporting Primary Sources:'''
{| class=&quot;mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; background:transparent;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;text-align:center; cursor:pointer;&quot; | [Show/Hide Source Commentaries]
|-
| class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot; |
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width:100%; text-align:left; margin:0;&quot;
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 1:
|-
|
Comment
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 2
|-
|
Comment
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;background:#f2f2f2;&quot; | Source 3
|-
|
Comment
|}
|}
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|多在顺宁、永昌二郡，辣蒜江外。貌（）〔丑〕性恶，猎人以祭。商贾出腾越州，入木邦者必经其地，呼为卡利瓦。有生熟二种，生者劫掠，熟者保路。
|
|-
|}

===Xifan《西番》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Xifan《西番》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽土番，亦名巴苴，居金沙江边。性悍戾，善弩，男女辫发百绺，不知栉沭。男以藤缠左肘，披琵琶毡，暑热不脱；女以海贝砗磲磁珠饰于项。又有野西番，更不可制。
|
|-
|}

===Guzong《古宗》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Guzong《古宗》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|一名狤猔，西番别种。皆辫发百绺，男戴红缨，穿氆氇，挂铜铃佩刀，女饰以珊瑚、银泡，披腊瓦被单，皆穿乌拉鞾。经年一栉，栉必牲祭。春夏种荞稗，秋冬赶牛马，取牛羊乳酥，调油茶而食，名曰ø。又有小古宗，喜猎饮酒，馀畧同。
|
|-
|}

===Kuceng《苦葱》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Kuceng《苦葱》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|面丑。男麻衣短裤，女短衣桶裙，亦有衣裤相连者。耕山采薬为生。所佩环手篐，自幼至老不释，死以殉。
|
|-
|}

===Mo《摩》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Mo《摩》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|乌蛮别种。性湻朴，鸟音，男剃发戴帽，长领布衣；女高髻，或戴黑漆尖帽，短衣长裙。畜牛羊，产射香。同类仇杀，妇女登场一劝卽止。岁暮杀牛羊相邀，一客不至为耻。今有读书入泮者。
|
|-
|}

===Li《力》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Li《力》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽。衣麻，披毡，岩居穴处。利刀毒矢，刻不离身，登山捷若猿猱。以土和蜜充饥，得野兽卽生食。尤善弩，每令其妇负小木盾前行，自后射之，中盾而不伤妇，以此制服西番。野力披发插羽，尤悍。
|
|-
|}

===Zhe《遮》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Zhe《遮》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男女皆穿耳，挽发。喜华彩衣，盘旋蔽体。每饮食必精洁。而长于弓弩，尤善鸟铳。
|
|-
|}

===Jiezi《羯子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Jiezi《羯子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|自孟养流入。环眼鸟队，散发，缠藤，耳带大环，首插鸡羽，无衣裤，腹下以麻布一幅围之。负弩佩刀，喊声如犬。又有结，耳带象牙大环，红布围头，衣半身衫，袒右臂，亦其类也。
|
|-
|}

===Muji《拇鸡》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Jiezi《羯子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦作。形丑恶，妇女尤甚。椎髻插羽，佩刀负弩。猎食猿狙。见人有蓄，思盗，先用鸡骨卜，吉则徃，否则止。
|
|-
|}

===Mocha《摩察》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Mocha《摩察》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名木察。束发耳环，披毡佩刀，执木弩、药矢，猎取禽兽。妇人皂布蒙头，饰以海贝，长裙细折，多至二十馀幅，前后无衩，名曰桶裙。
|
|-
|}

===Manqie《嫚且》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Manqie《嫚且》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|亦名木察。束发耳环，披毡佩刀，执木弩、药矢，猎取禽兽。妇人皂布蒙头，饰以海贝，长裙细折，多至二十馀幅，前后无衩，名曰桶裙。
|
|-
|}

===Local People《土人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Local People《土人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|（思）〔男〕絮袄佩刀弩，女披毡朿皮索，饥则紧缚之。婚姻以刀甲为聘，披发见舅姑。有争者告天，沸汤投物，以手捉之，曲则糜烂，直者无恙。
|
|-
|}

===Nong ren《侬人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Nong ren《侬人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|侬智高部落之裔。男束发短衣，女短衣密扣，腰缠红裹肚。性狡，漆齿，出入佩刀，长技在铳。
|
|-
|}

===Sha ren《沙人 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Sha ren《沙人 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|越析夷也，又名蒙嶲。男辫发长衣，女以挑花白布蒙头，腰围红布。出入佩刀，耕田、射猎，所居掌房。丧服用红，祭肉弃不食。又有黑沙人，白沙人。聘用牛，旣婚之夕，男女不同室，及回女家，有娠方归。
|
|-
|}

===Luo ren《𤡑人 》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Luo ren《𤡑人 》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男束发披毡，女短衣露腹，缠红藤，腰系沙罗布裙，上短下长，男女同耕。
|
|-
|}

===Cun ren《狆人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Cun ren《狆人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|男缠头跣足，女靑布缠头，畧如僧帽，缀以海贝，彩布衣裙，著大尖鞋。构楼而居，甘犬嗜鼠。又有罗缅、麦岔、叠吗、喇毛等类，顽良不一，衣饰风俗同
|
|-
|}


===Nu ren《怒人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Nu ren《怒人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|居永昌怒江内外。其江深险，四序皆燠，赤地生烟。每二月瘴气腾空，两堤草头交结不开，名交头瘴。男子面多黄瘦，刚狠好杀猎，或采黄连为生，鲜及中寿。妇人披发红藤勒首。每年贡麂皮二十张、山驴皮十张、黄蜡八十筋、麻布三十庹，以代赋税。
|
|-
|}

===Luo ren《𤞰人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Luo ren《𤞰人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|丽江府鹤庆州大雪山外。男女披发，树叶为衣，耳穿七孔，坠以木环。与怒人接壤，畏怒人，不敢越界。
|
|-
|}

===Wild people《野人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Wild people《野人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|永昌界外。居无室庐，宿于树巅。赤发黄睛，首戴骨圏，插雉羽，手足腹皆缠红藤，以幅布或树皮揜下体。勾刀大刃，捕禽兽蛇虫，生食之。逢人卽杀。
|They border outside of '''Yǒngchāng (永昌)'''. They reside without houses and or dwellings, lodging in tree canopies. Their hair is red, and their eyes are yellow; they wear bone rings on their head and stick ringed peasant feathers [into them]. Their hands, feet and waist are all bound with red rattan. They cover their lower bodies with a length of cloth or tree bark. They use hooked knives with large blades to birds, animals, snakes and insects, eating them raw. They promptly kill whoever they encounter.
|-
|}

===Laodao《老挝》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Laodao《老挝》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|南掌国夷类。戴藤篾黑漆帽，宽二尺许，短衣无裤，用杂色布一疋，从膝下兜绕，围结胸前，名打抄子。妇女耳贯大黑漆圏，塞以野花。
|
|-
|}

===Liemi《列密》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Liemi《列密
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|卽利米。刀耕火种，精射猎，得鼠雀生啖之。男篾帽皂衣，女辫发赤足。出外披花布，以蔽其身。
|
|-
|}

===Lama《喇嘛》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Lama《喇嘛》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|丽江、鹤庆多有之。来自西藏，招本境摩为徒。有红黄二敎，红弱黄强。毡帽褊衫，各如其色。
|
|-
|}

===Miaozhi《苗子》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Miaozhi《苗子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|三苗之后，有九种，黔省最多，流入滇中者，惟仲家花苗而已。束发耳环，未婚者缚楮皮于额，或插鸡毛。女布冠套头衣，桶裙，皆用五彩桃花布为之。每岁孟春跳月，男吹芦笙，女振铃唱和，并肩舞蹈，终日不倦。或以彩为球，视所欢者掷之，暮则同归，比晓乃散，然后议婚。节序击铜鼓，吹呐叭，聚赛神，书契惟数目字，及六十花甲子同，馀不同。
|
|-
|}

===Tuliao《土獠》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Tuliao《土獠
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|其属本在黔、蜀、粤西之交，流入滇中。男首裹靑布，白衣领缀红布一方，妇人冠红巾，衣花绣。性粗桀，好蛊魔之术，其虫夜飞如星，光芒摇曳，射入窓棂，触者病。
|
|-
|}

===Jiaoren《交人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Jiaoren《交人》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|安南国之类。男箬笠蕉扇，衣裳楚楚；女面貌颇雅，手贯牙钏，长衣长裙，以红帕蒙头，皆辫发靸鞋。读诗书习礼，仪婚丧之事，倶仿中国。
|
|-
|}

===Burmese people《缅人》===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:80%;&quot;
|Miaozhi《苗子》
|-
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Original
! scope=&quot;col&quot; | Translation
|-
|缅甸国流入者。有老缅、阿瓦、猛别、雍会、普干、摆古、得楞子等类。长于鸟铳，其火药用麦面傅之，迅疾无声。又有缅目者，称为莽纪，断发文身，漆齿穿耳，蟒衣跣足，头带红缎一方，性喜花草。
|
|-
|}

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Chinese literature]]
[[Category:Non-fiction books]]
[[Category:Medieval historical works]]
[[Category:Works originally in Chinese]]
[[Category:Pages with foreign language text]]
[[Category:Indigenous peoples]]
[[Category:Guidebooks]]
[[Category:History of China]]
[[Category:Wars]]
[[Category:Diplomacy of China]]
[[Category:Subject:Military history]]

[[zh:蛮书]]</text>
      <sha1>0rj0p2jotlbbiu16mnwa25n7dxcrs5c</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Vampires Memes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>485673</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679243</id>
      <parentid>4677845</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:40:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679243</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1063" sha1="hydnn63zoi791tq3vp6jwsdajm10poq" xml:space="preserve">== Vampire Memes? ==

=== What are memes? ===

A meme [Pronounced: Me-Em-Mah] is an idea, behavior, style, or usage that spreads from person to person within a culture. [1]

The origin of the word &quot;meme&quot; comes from Richard Dawkins, a famous Evolutionary Biologist who coined the word in his 1976 book: ''The Selfish Gene''. Dawkins used '''meme''' to describe a &quot;unit of cultural transmission&quot; that replicates and evolves like a gene.  &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Although vampires as a cultural concept has mutated and evolved, from historical accounts of people who were misunderstood, to mythical creatures found in folklore, to supernatural monsters found in popular Literature, are vampires memes? The vampire as a cultural concept seems to have transmuted from culture to culture. &lt;br&gt;

==== References: ====
1. Merriam-Webster. Meme. In Merriam-Webster.com/dictionary. Retrieved September 15, 2026 from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/meme
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||What Is A Historical Construct|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>hydnn63zoi791tq3vp6jwsdajm10poq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Ethics Of Creating Vampire Lore</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>485677</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679254</id>
      <parentid>4678616</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:45:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679254</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4484" sha1="4bfz1qz72n60fc5y9ojog5i288f61ca" xml:space="preserve">== The Ethics of Creating Vampire Lore ==
When writing about vampires in your fictional narratives, try to
avoid using harmful stereotypes or cultural appropriations. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Stereotypes are widely held, fixed, and oversimplified beliefs or mental images about a particular group of people. [1] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
According to Wikipedia: &lt;br&gt;
It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. [2] &lt;br&gt;

Stereotypes are often faulty and resistant to new information. [3] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
People who use stereotypes rely of their previous knowledge about a person, information they then project onto an entire group. This can lead to hasty generalizations when they meet new people in that said group. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Negative stereotypes should be used with caution. They can lead to prejudice, discrimination and unfair judgment. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
If you think all vampires are white, blood-thirsty decomposing demons from hell, then perhaps you should read more books, and watch more films about vampires. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In the case of the Vampire Disease, also known as porphyria, Medical Doctors wrote about patients who became depressed by reports in the media linking porphyria, their illness, with vampirism. In this case, negative stereotypes could lead to unfair judgements. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
According to Wikipedia: &lt;br&gt;
Cultural appropriation is an adoption of an element or elements of culture or identity by members of another culture or identity in a manner perceived as inappropriate or unacknowledged. Charges of cultural appropriation typically arise when members of a dominant culture borrow from minority cultures. Cultural appropriation can include the adoption of another culture's religious and cultural traditions, customs, dance steps, fashion, symbols, language, history and music. [4]&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Problems occur when cultural borrowing is unacknowledged, or when borrowed information is used in an inappropriate manner. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Memes occur when people imitate the behaviors of other people without truly understanding that behavior. For unconscious reasons, that behavior, or idea spreads. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The entire lore that surrounds the vampire seems like cultural appropriation from the Romanian people who did historically suffer, as a group, from grave robbery. The actual accounts of people who were mistaken for vampires, fed folk stories and modern legends. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
=== Respectful use of folklore? ===
How can writers use folklore respectfully? 
Writers could acknowledge the people who created and kept their folklore alive. By acknowledging the folks who shared their cautionary tales, we share their perspectives, and our stories gain diversity. By acknowledging each storyteller, we show respect. We should honor their stories as they honor their ancestors' stories. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
This section was ''developed'' by the writer using '''digital tools''': &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
When writers treat folklore as cultural memory, they acknowledge the grief, fears, community protection, and spiritual beliefs of the people who carried it. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
These vampire stories come from people, from Slavic, Caribbean, Filipino, Chinese, Indigenous, African — People.
These ancestor stories are other people's attempt to explain illness, death, or danger.  &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Unethical use of folklore looks like: using stereotypes, treating traditions as interchangeable with each other, removing cultural context, claiming “ownership” of a culture’s monster.

Ethical vampire lore: avoids stereotypes, preserves meaning, respects the original purpose of the tale, keeps cultural details, acknowledges the source of the story, shares ownership of a monster that can transcend cultural boundaries.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
=== Reference: ===
1. Oxford Learner's Dictionaries stereotype September 16, 2026 In https://www.oxfordlearnersdictionaries.com/definition/american_english/stereotype_1 
&lt;br&gt;
2. &quot;Stereotype&quot; August 30, 2026. In Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereotype &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
3.  Meyer, David G. (2008). Intuition: Its Powers and Perils. Yale University Press. pp. 114–115. {{ISBN|978-0-300-13027-0}} &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
4. &quot;Cultural appropriation&quot; September 8, 2026. In Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cultural_appropriation
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Women As  Vampires|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>4bfz1qz72n60fc5y9ojog5i288f61ca</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future/Puerto Rico Electric Power System</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>485861</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679044</id>
      <parentid>4678932</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T15:37:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Declan710</username>
        <id>3626846</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Moved the description of principle actors earlier in the wikibook for flow. Will edit transition between paragraphs in the future.</comment>
      <origin>4679044</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19921" sha1="7yh829evcnrzklqe9l3qhv4wnfy1f6q" xml:space="preserve">
=== Introduction ===
Puerto Rico’s electric power system provides electricity to homes, businesses, hospitals, schools, and other important services. However, the system has faced several problems, including frequent outages, aging equipment, financial difficulties, slow disaster recovery, and disagreements about how the system should be managed. For many years, the Puerto Rico Electric Power Authority (PREPA) operated the island’s electricity system. Before Hurricane Maria struck in September 2017, PREPA already faced problems with old equipment, expensive fuel, limited maintenance, and large amounts of debt. Hurricanes Irma and Maria exposed these weaknesses and caused widespread damage to the power grid (Sotomayor, 2020; Government of Puerto Rico, 2018).

Since the hurricanes, Puerto Rico has tried to repair the grid while also changing how it is managed. Private companies have taken over certain operations, the federal government has provided recovery funding, and communities have explored renewable energy and battery storage. However, these changes have not solved every problem. For example, government reports have continued to identify power outages and delays in completing recovery projects (Congressional Research Service [CRS], 2025; U.S. Government Accountability Office [GAO], 2026). This casebook examines the tension at the heart of Puerto Rico's grid recovery: How to fundamentally overhaul a failing infrastructure network without interrupting the daily electricity service that hospitals, homes, and businesses rely on to survive. 

&lt;mapframe latitude=&quot;18.318026&quot; longitude=&quot;-66.269531&quot; zoom=&quot;8&quot; width=&quot;530&quot; height=&quot;389&quot; text=&quot;Map of Puerto Rico&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; /&gt;

=== Hurricane Maria and the Failure of the Power Grid ===
Puerto Rico’s power grid already had serious weaknesses before Hurricane Maria struck on September 20, 2017. Hurricane Irma had passed near the island earlier that month, damaging electricity, water, and communication systems. Maria then caused much more widespread damage, leaving many residents without electricity for long periods (Sotomayor, 2020). One problem was the way electricity was produced and transported across the island. Many major power plants were located in southern Puerto Rico, while much of the electricity demand was in the north. Only a limited number of high-voltage transmission lines connected these areas. 

This made the system vulnerable because damage to a major transmission line could prevent electricity from reaching communities that needed it (Sotomayor, 2020). For example, if a major power plant in the south stopped working during a hurricane, the remaining power plants and transmission lines would have to carry more of the electricity demand. If several transmission lines were also damaged, the system might not be able to deliver enough electricity to the north. This shows how damage to a few important parts of a centralized system can affect many customers.

Puerto Rico also depended heavily on imported fuels, including oil, natural gas, and coal. This meant that electricity production relied on fuel shipments and port facilities. If a hurricane damaged a port or disrupted fuel deliveries, power plants could face additional problems obtaining the fuel they needed (Sotomayor, 2020; CRS, 2025). The hurricanes showed that simply replacing damaged equipment would not be enough. Puerto Rico also needed stronger infrastructure, regular maintenance, and better plans for handling future storms. For example, stronger transmission poles and better-protected substations could help reduce storm damage, while backup power systems could help essential services continue operating during outages. The main lesson is Puerto Rico’s experience shows that a power system must be designed to withstand disasters, not just operate during normal conditions.

[[File:The use of Solar Power and Batteries.png|center|555x555px]]

=== PREPA’s Financial Problems and Institutional Restructuring ===
PREPA faced financial and operating problems for many years. Act 120-2018 described issues such as aging infrastructure, expensive fuel, poor maintenance, administrative problems, and large amounts of debt. These problems made it difficult for PREPA to pay for improvements while continuing to provide electricity (Government of Puerto Rico, 2018). The government responded by creating a legal framework that allowed private companies to take over certain operations and allowed some electricity-generation assets to be sold. The goal was to improve efficiency, modernize the system, and make electricity service more financially sustainable. As part of this restructuring, LUMA began managing transmission and distribution operations on June 1, 2021. Genera Puerto Rico began managing most non-hydroelectric generation operations on July 1, 2023, while PREPA continued operating its hydroelectric plants (CRS, 2025).

This division of responsibilities can make coordination especially important. For example, when a neighborhood loses power because a distribution line is damaged, the organization responsible for that line must identify the problem and arrange repairs. If the  repair also requires coordination with a power plant operator or another agency, the organizations must communicate clearly to restore service as quickly as possible. Changing the management structure, however, does not automatically repair old power lines or prevent future outages. The CRS reported that Puerto Rico continued to experience partial and island-wide blackouts in 2025 (CRS, 2025). This shows why the results of restructuring should be judged by actual improvements, such as fewer outages, faster repairs, better maintenance, and more affordable electricity. The key takeaway is changing who manages the system can be part of the solution, but the changes must lead to better service and stronger infrastructure.

=== Federal Funding and the Slow Recovery Process ===
After Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico needed major investments to repair and improve its electricity system. Federal agencies, including FEMA, HUD, and DOE, supported recovery and modernization efforts. According to PREPA, more than $15 billion in federal funding had been awarded for the electricity system by June 2023 (CRS, 2025).However, money being awarded does not mean that construction is finished. In its May 2025 report, CRS stated that more than $10 billion in FEMA funding had been obligated for permanent work, but approximately $2 billion had been disbursed. CRS also reported that less than 1% of the $1.9 billion HUD had obligated for the electric grid had been disbursed as of July 2024 (CRS, 2025). These figures refer to different dates and stages of funding, so they should not be treated as the same measure.

Recovery can take a long time because projects require engineering plans, reviews, permits, contracts, equipment, and trained workers. GAO reported that only nine of 258 large FEMA-funded permanent grid-recovery projects had been completed by the end of 2025. It identified lengthy reviews, staff turnover, complicated funding requirements, and uncertainty about responsibilities as barriers to progress (GAO, 2026). For example, a project to replace damaged power poles may have funding available but still need engineering approval, environmental review, materials, and a contractor before construction can begin. If one of these steps is delayed, the community may continue relying on damaged or outdated infrastructure while the project waits to move forward. To improve recovery, government agencies need to coordinate their work, make responsibilities clear, and explain delays to the public. They should also report how much money has been spent, which projects have been completed, and whether the work has improved electricity service. The main lesson is Federal funding is important, but it must be turned into completed projects that make the power system more reliable.

=== Main Organizations and Their Roles ===
PREPA is the public corporation associated with Puerto Rico’s electricity assets and financial restructuring. LUMA manages transmission and distribution operations, while Genera manages most non-hydroelectric generation operations. These different responsibilities mean that repairing a damaged power line, managing a power plant, and planning future energy projects may require coordination among several organizations (CRS, 2025). The Puerto Rico Energy Bureau regulates the energy sector, including important planning and rate decisions. Federal agencies also play major roles. 

FEMA supports eligible disaster recovery projects, HUD provides community development funding that includes grid recovery, and DOE supports energy assessments and modernization efforts. Local communities and energy partners contribute by identifying needs and developing projects such as residential solar and battery systems (CRS, 2025; GAO, 2026; EDF, 2026). For example, improving electricity service in a community may require a utility operator to repair equipment, a government agency to approve or fund a project, and local organizations to explain which services residents need most. If these groups do not coordinate, a project may be delayed or fail to address the community’s most urgent problems.

=== Microgrids: Culebra, Solar Power, and Battery Storage ===
Culebra is a small island municipality off the eastern coast of Puerto Rico. Its residents face the risk of long electricity interruptions when storms damage the wider power system. These outages can affect everyday needs, such as keeping food refrigerated, charging communication devices, and operating medical equipment (Environmental Defense Fund [EDF], 2026). In a 2020 master’s paper, Federico Sotomayor examined the possibility of building a utility-scale solar farm on Culebra. The proposal was intended to increase local electricity production and reduce dependence on the main power system. EDF later described a community-focused project involving residential solar panels and battery storage to help participating households lower energy costs and maintain essential electricity during outages (Sotomayor, 2020; EDF, 2026).

Localized solar and battery systems also ease the burden of grid transformation. By maintaining essential household power independently, distributed energy reduces immediate pressure on central utility crews, this is called a nanogrid. This creates a buffer that allows engineers to focus on permanent structural upgrades. For example, if a hurricane causes the main grid to fail in the evening, a home with solar panels and a properly configured battery may still be able to power selected appliances. This allows the residences to counite to live and work until the utility crews can connect the house back to the grid.  

A home with solar panels, but no suitable backup equipment, may lose power when the grid goes down, even if the panels themselves are undamaged. This is where a microgrid comes in, local solar and battery systems could give locations like Culebra more options during outages. Nested, but separated from the main grid, this protects an area from all but the most local outages. However, they are not a complete solution by themselves. Installing these systems can be expensive, and some residents may need financial assistance to participate. 

Equipment must also be installed correctly, maintained, and protected from severe weather. A utility-scale solar farm would face additional challenges, including finding suitable land, connecting to the local grid, and determining how much electricity and storage the island would need. The proposal described by Sotomayor should not be treated as proof that the proposed solar farm was built. EDF’s description of residential solar and battery work is a separate community-based approach (Sotomayor, 2020; EDF, 2026). The key takeaway is local renewable energy can help communities prepare for outages, but projects must be affordable, properly designed, and supported over time.

[[File:Use of Solar Power and Batteries.png|center|513x513px]]


=== Renewable Energy Goals and the Future of Puerto Rico’s Grid ===
Puerto Rico has been working toward a cleaner electricity system, but there are different views about how quickly the transition should happen and which energy sources should be used. Act 17-2019 established a goal of obtaining 100% of Puerto Rico’s electricity from renewable sources by 2050, with earlier targets for 2025 and 2040. Act 1-2025 removed those interim targets and extended the planned end of coal use from 2028 to 2032 (CRS, 2025).Renewable energy can reduce the need to import fossil fuels, but solar and wind power must be supported by equipment that helps deliver electricity when and where it is needed. For example, solar panels may produce plenty of electricity on a sunny afternoon, but they do not produce electricity after sunset. Batteries, other generating sources, and a well-planned grid are needed to help meet demand at night.

Puerto Rico must also make sure that new energy projects can connect to its existing infrastructure. If a solar farm is built in an area where transmission lines cannot carry the additional electricity, the project may not provide its full intended benefit. This is why renewable-energy development must happen alongside improvements to transmission, distribution, storage, and system controls (CRS, 2025; EDF, 2026). The transition also raises questions about affordability. A household that can afford rooftop solar and batteries may have more options during an outage, while a household with fewer financial resources may still depend entirely on the wider grid. 

Support programs and community-based projects can help ensure that improvements reach people who need them most (EDF, 2026). Puerto Rico therefore needs a plan that addresses immediate reliability problems while also preparing for a cleaner energy future. This means repairing the existing grid, improving storage and transmission, expanding renewable energy where suitable, and keeping electricity affordable. The main lesson is reliable electricity and renewable energy should be planned together. Puerto Rico needs a dependable system today while building a cleaner system for tomorrow.

[[File:Renewable Energy Goals.png|center|528x528px]]


{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+Timeline of Important Events
!Year
!Event
!Why it matters
|-
|2014
|Act 57 changed parts of PREPA's governance and oversight
|It was part of the effort to reform the electricity sector
|-
|2017
|Hurricanes Irma and Maria severely damaged the grid
|The storms existing infrastructure and maintenance problems
|-
|2018
|Act 120 established a framework for private-sector precipitation
|It changed how PREPA's assets and operations could be managed
|-
|2019
|Act 17 established renewable-energy goals
|It set a long term direction for the energy transition
|-
|June
2021
|LUMA began managing transmission and distribution operations
|Responsibility for major parts of the grid shifted to a private operator
|-
|July
2023
|Genera began managing most non-hydroelectric generation operations
|Generation management became separate from transmission and distribution
|-
|2025
|Act 1 changed interim renewable-energy targets and extended planned coal use
|It changed the timeline for parts of the energy transition
|-
|2025-
2026
|Government reports continued to identify outrages and recovery delays
|They showed that improving reliability and completing recovery work remained challenges
|}
(Sources: Government of Puerto Rico, 2018; CRS, 2025; GAO, 2026.)

=== Phased Construction: The Balance Between Immediate Needs and Long-term Improvements ===
Overhauling critical infrastructure without halting service requires phased execution, steady investment, and a strict balance between emergency repairs and permanent upgrades. Puerto Rico cannot shut down its entire electricity system while it replaces equipment and builds a new one. Hospitals, homes, businesses, schools, and emergency services still need electricity during construction and recovery. This means repairs and improvements must happen in stages. For example, crews can repair a damaged transmission line to restore electricity while engineers plan how to strengthen that line against future storms. The immediate repair helps customers today, while the longer-term improvement can reduce the chance of similar problems in the future. This approach allows the system to keep operating while parts of it are improved.

The same principle applies to management and funding. Puerto Rico has changed who operates different parts of its electricity system, but continuing outages show that organizational changes must be supported by better maintenance, clear responsibilities, and measurable improvements in service (CRS, 2025). Federal funding must also move through planning and construction so that it results in completed projects rather than remaining tied up in lengthy processes (GAO, 2026). 

Local energy projects can provide another layer of protection. Solar panels and batteries in Culebra, for example, may help participating households keep essential appliances operating during an outage. However, these systems do not replace the need for a strong island-wide grid. Both local backup systems and major infrastructure improvements are needed (Sotomayor, 2020; EDF, 2026). The best approach is to repair the most urgent problems while gradually building a stronger and more reliable system. Puerto Rico must keep electricity flowing, improve how the system is managed, complete recovery projects, and prepare for a cleaner energy future at the same time.

=== Conclusion ===
Puerto Rico’s electricity system shows how difficult it can be to transform essential infrastructure while people continue to depend on it. Hurricanes Irma and Maria exposed weaknesses that had developed over many years. Financial problems, aging equipment, and complicated recovery processes have made rebuilding difficult. Changes in management have altered who operates parts of the system, but reliable electricity remains a major concern. The case studies show that no single solution can fix every problem. 

Stronger equipment can reduce storm damage, better coordination can help recovery projects move forward, and clear oversight can improve accountability. Solar panels, batteries, and other local energy systems can also help communities maintain essential electricity during outages. Puerto Rico’s experience suggests that a failing system can be transformed while it continues to provide service, but only through careful planning, cooperation, funding, and attention to the needs of residents. The goal should not be to rebuild the old system exactly as it was. It should be to create a system that is more reliable, affordable, and prepared for future disasters.

=== References ===
Congressional Research Service. (2025). Electric reliability and resiliency in Puerto Rico (IF12913). https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/IF12913

Environmental Defense Fund. (2026, June 12). Transforming Puerto Rico’s energy system. https://www.edf.org/energy/strengthening-puerto-ricos-energy-system

Government Accountability Office. (2026). El Apagón—The Blackout: Puerto Rico’s continuing struggle for stable electricity. https://www.gao.gov/blog/el-apagon-blackout.-puerto-ricos-continuing-struggle-stable-electricity

Government of Puerto Rico. (2018). Puerto Rico Electric Power System Transformation Act, Act No. 120-2018. https://bvirtualogp.pr.gov/ogp/Bvirtual/leyesreferencia/PDF/2-ingles/120-2018.pdf

Sotomayor, F. (2020). Master’s paper on Puerto Rico’s electric power system and the potential for a utility-scale solar farm on Culebra. Clark University. https://commons.clarku.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1258&amp;context=idce_masters_papers</text>
      <sha1>7yh829evcnrzklqe9l3qhv4wnfy1f6q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Vam-Pai-Yer</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486306</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679228</id>
      <parentid>4677810</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:29:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679228</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1606" sha1="e4sf1sbx78hwww7ltsazbitez8tod4m" xml:space="preserve">== How Do You Spell Vam-Pai-Yer? ==
Phonetically, English speakers pronounce vampire this way &quot;vamp-pie-yer&quot; [Vam-Pai-Yer], yet how do people around the world spell and pronounce vampire? &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
'''Etymology''': [word origin] 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
A Wikipedian fluent in American-Spanish, wrote about the &quot;etimologia&quot; of the word as &quot;...posiblemente a traves del 'vampyre' frances del 'vampir' aleman...&quot;
&lt;br&gt;
The Wikipedian may have derived the origin of the word, vampire, from the dictionary: Merrian-webster.com. &lt;br&gt;
Under entry: '''vampire''', Etymology: French, from German 'vampir...' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The popular Urban Dictionary [online] claims the source of &quot;vampyre&quot; is &quot;...the old english way of spelling 'Vampire.'&quot;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
New words derived from &lt;u&gt;vampire&lt;/u&gt; are: vampiric, and vampirish. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
=== Reference === 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
| How Do You Spell Vam-Pai-Yer?
|-
| 1. Vampiro http://www.es.wikipedia.org &quot;Spanish Wikipedia&quot; &lt;ref&gt;http://www.es.wikipedia.org/wiki/vampiro&lt;/ref&gt;Date: 4/20/2020
|-
| 2. Vampiro https://www.spanishdict.com &quot;Spanishdict&quot; &lt;ref&gt;https://www.spanishdict.com/translate/vampiro&lt;/ref&gt; Date: 2/30/2020
|-
| 3. Vampire https://www.merriam-webster.com &quot;Merrian-Webster&quot; Online Dictionary &lt;ref&gt;https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/vampire&lt;/ref&gt;Date: 4/27/2020&lt;br /&gt;
|-
| 4. Vampyre &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.urbandictionary.com&lt;/nowiki&gt; &quot;Urban Dictionary&quot; &lt;ref&gt;https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Vampyre&lt;/ref&gt; Date: June/23/2011 &lt;br /&gt;
|}
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Alternative Spelling|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>e4sf1sbx78hwww7ltsazbitez8tod4m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/A Definition For Vampire</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486307</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679230</id>
      <parentid>4677812</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:30:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679230</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2227" sha1="fufneewsz4ie5sgx3so8p7ep0ayyvqe" xml:space="preserve">== '''''A Definition For Vampire''':'' ==
What are Vampires? &lt;br&gt;
The definition of a vampire varies depending on which dictionary one uses.

For example:

Dictionary.com has a general definition:

Vampire: n. a preternatural being

2. (in Eastern European Folklore) a corpse, animated by an undeparted soul or demon.

[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vampire]

According to Wikipedia.org, a vampire is &quot;a creature from folklore that subsists by feeding on the vital essence [ the blood] of the living.&quot; [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire]

'''The Modern Vampire:''' Attributes of the modern vampire have evolved based on their appearance and behavior in recent novels, films, comic books, even greeting cards. &lt;br&gt;
Vampires appear to be normal people, except for their fangs. They dress in older styles, favoring formal wear with a long cape and top hat. They are pale, they are creatures of the night who enter a coma-like vampire sleep during the day. They sleep in coffins, are associated with bats, and use their fangs to bite people and suck blood, usually from the neck. They are cold to the touch and may have red eyes. They may not be able to enter a room unless they are invited. They have supernatural abilities such as powerful strength, the ability to fly, and they can hypnotize other people. They have acute night vision, and they can transform into other animals. 
Vampires avoid sunlight, garlic, the cross (the crucifix) and holy water. They may also need to sleep on their native soil. They are killed by a wooden stake rammed through their heart. Some may also be killed by fire. [1] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
=== Should You Capitalize The Word Vampire? ===
No. The word vampire should not be capitalized unless it is at the beginning of a sentence. &lt;br&gt;

In general, we treat '''vampire''' like any other common noun, or like any other animal species such as cat, frog, or human. &lt;br&gt;

The word '''vampire''' should be capitalized if it is part of a title. 

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Reference:
1. Melton, Gordon J. The Vampire Book: The Encyclopedia of The Undead (Third Edition). Visible Ink Press. 2014 &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Why Create Vampires|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>fufneewsz4ie5sgx3so8p7ep0ayyvqe</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679231</id>
      <parentid>4679230</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:31:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679231</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2237" sha1="bfytbtoqozoumekd166wuy6blvraf8p" xml:space="preserve">== '''''A Definition For Vampire''':'' ==
What are Vampires? &lt;br&gt;
The definition of a vampire varies depending on which dictionary one uses.

For example:

Dictionary.com has a general definition:

Vampire: n. a preternatural being

2. (in Eastern European Folklore) a corpse, animated by an undeparted soul or demon.

[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/vampire]

According to Wikipedia.org, a vampire is &quot;a creature from folklore that subsists by feeding on the vital essence [ the blood] of the living.&quot; [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire]

'''The Modern Vampire:''' Attributes of the modern vampire have evolved based on their appearance and behavior in recent novels, films, comic books, even greeting cards. &lt;br&gt;
Vampires appear to be normal people, except for their fangs. They dress in older styles, favoring formal wear with a long cape and top hat. They are pale, they are creatures of the night who enter a coma-like vampire sleep during the day. They sleep in coffins, are associated with bats, and use their fangs to bite people and suck blood, usually from the neck. They are cold to the touch and may have red eyes. They may not be able to enter a room unless they are invited. They have supernatural abilities such as powerful strength, the ability to fly, and they can hypnotize other people. They have acute night vision, and they can transform into other animals. 
Vampires avoid sunlight, garlic, the cross (the crucifix) and holy water. They may also need to sleep on their native soil. They are killed by a wooden stake rammed through their heart. Some may also be killed by fire. [1] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
=== Should You Capitalize The Word Vampire? ===
No. The word vampire should not be capitalized unless it is at the beginning of a sentence. &lt;br&gt;

In general, we treat '''vampire''' like any other common noun, or like any other animal species such as cat, frog, or human. &lt;br&gt;

The word '''vampire''' should be capitalized if it is part of a title. 

&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
==== Reference: ====
1. Melton, Gordon J. The Vampire Book: The Encyclopedia of The Undead (Third Edition). Visible Ink Press. 2014 &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Why Create Vampires|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>bfytbtoqozoumekd166wuy6blvraf8p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/All About Vampires</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486308</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679255</id>
      <parentid>4675404</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:46:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679255</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1337" sha1="1kd01nnr3qrxkiivylklfdjrqgjahvb" xml:space="preserve">== All About Vampires ==
From early attempts to spell vam‑pai‑yer‑sa, to defining what vampires are, to tracing their origins in Slavic folklore, we have seen how the vampire concept has changed, adapted, and traveled across cultures. Many communities have created their own versions of vampire‑like beings, each shaped by local fears, values, and traditions. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
This book has explored vampires through historical records, folk stories, Science and Psychology, and the broader vampire archetype. We have examined common literary tropes and discussed ways to avoid familiar literary pitfalls when creating new vampire narratives. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
These ideas form a foundation for further study. Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the many cultural, historical, and literary dimensions of vampires. When creating vampire lore, I hope writers will continue to research vampire stories, while acting with a code of ethics when handling vampire folklore.&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
With help from readers and writers, we can continue to explore vampires! &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Link: https://scholardaily.com/understanding-the-american-folklore-society-code-of-ethics-a-cultural-compass-for-today-s-storytellers/ &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vampire_literature &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>1kd01nnr3qrxkiivylklfdjrqgjahvb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance/Archives/2026/October</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>486385</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679215</id>
      <parentid>4678984</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:10:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ArchiverBot</username>
        <id>1227662</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Archiving 1 thread from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Administrative Assistance]]</comment>
      <origin>4679215</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6386" sha1="n0snvmevtsqppndjm5g7d2zyemvnkw7" xml:space="preserve">{{talk archive}}

== Tunde akinlabi reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Tunde akinlabi}}

Spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Tunde akinlabi/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:18, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: Page was deleted by another admin. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:11, 2 October 2026 (UTC)

== Barakat isiaka reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Barakat isiaka}}

Spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Barakat isiaka/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:19, 1 October 2026 (UTC)
: Page was deleted by another admin. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:11, 2 October 2026 (UTC)

== Roconpaas01 reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Roconpaas01}}

Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/315913]] &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Roconpaas01/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:19, 2 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:10, 2 October 2026 (UTC)
== Diiminstitute reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Diiminstitute}}

Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/315963]] &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Diiminstitute/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 02:34, 4 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} --[[User:SHB|SHB]] ([[User talk:SHB|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB|contribs]]) 02:58, 4 October 2026 (UTC)
== ~2026-51118-27 reported by EggRoll97 ==

* {{anonlinks|~2026-51118-27}}

Vandalism &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-51118-27/ --&gt; [[User:EggRoll97|EggRoll97]] ([[User talk:EggRoll97|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/EggRoll97|contribs]]) 07:28, 4 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{done}} by NDG (GS). [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 13:13, 4 October 2026 (UTC)
== ~2026-53393-86 reported by MathXplore ==

* {{anonlinks|~2026-53393-86}}

Vandalism &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/~2026-53393-86/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:37, 5 October 2026 (UTC)

:Various contributions deleted—watching to see how this develops. —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 19:15, 5 October 2026 (UTC)
== [[CustomChessTheory]] ==

Reason for reporting: Wrong title, renaming needed. [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:45, 5 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:21, 8 October 2026 (UTC)

== Siddhgiritubes reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Siddhgiritubes}}

Spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Siddhgiritubes/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:31, 7 October 2026 (UTC)
: Page deleted by JJPMaster. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:09, 8 October 2026 (UTC)

== Editbots reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Editbots}}

Link spam ([[Special:AbuseLog/316068]], [[Special:Contributions/~2026-54143-79]]) &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Editbots/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:13, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:10, 8 October 2026 (UTC)
== Lenawalker1 reported by TechVindicator ==

* {{userlinks|Lenawalker1}}

Spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Lenawalker1/ --&gt; [[User:TechVindicator|TechVindicator]] ([[User talk:TechVindicator|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/TechVindicator|contribs]]) 04:07, 10 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done|Dealt with}} by SHB —[[User:Kittycataclysm|Kittycataclysm]] ([[User talk:Kittycataclysm|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Kittycataclysm|contribs]]) 04:31, 11 October 2026 (UTC)
== Cleanwipes reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Cleanwipes}}

Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/316154]] &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Cleanwipes/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:21, 14 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:20, 14 October 2026 (UTC)

== Suniluv2026 reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Suniluv2026}}

Link spam, [[Special:AbuseLog/316149]] &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Suniluv2026/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:22, 14 October 2026 (UTC)
: {{done}}. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 15:21, 14 October 2026 (UTC)
== Rudrashares01 reported by MathXplore ==

* {{userlinks|Rudrashares01}}

Spam &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Rudrashares01/ --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 12:26, 15 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done}} ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 19:25, 15 October 2026 (UTC)
== Rimshad12 reported by Morkoz ==

* {{userlinks|Rimshad12}}

Spam ([[:m:special:GlobalContributions/Rimshad12|cross-wiki]]) &lt;!-- USERREPORTED:/Rimshad12/ --&gt; [[User:Morkoz|Morkoz]] ([[User talk:Morkoz|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Morkoz|contribs]]) 06:06, 16 October 2026 (UTC)

:{{done|Locked}} --[[User:SHB|SHB]] ([[User talk:SHB|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/SHB|contribs]]) 11:41, 16 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>n0snvmevtsqppndjm5g7d2zyemvnkw7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Ayakn/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486456</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679020</id>
      <parentid>4677565</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T12:43:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ayakn</username>
        <id>3626623</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Main Components */</comment>
      <origin>4679020</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1302" sha1="icnznat9x87q2w3ivjk9e3bq2vqspv8" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
Servo control is defined as a system that utilizes a controller to generate motion paths and respond to external changes, typically involving a feedback mechanism to correct errors and maintain control over speed and position. It can operate in both open loop and closed loop configurations, with closed loop systems providing more accurate control for complex motion profiles.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Servo Control - an overview {{!}} ScienceDirect Topics |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/engineering/servo-control |access-date=2026-10-21 |website=www.sciencedirect.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

'''''Ambient Backscatter Communication: '''''Ambient backscatter communication systems harness ambient radio-frequency (RF) signals to enable ultra-low-power, battery-free data transmission. Unlike conventional radios that generate their own carrier waves, backscatter devices modulate and reflect existing signals emitted by ambient sources—such as Wi-Fi routers, television broadcasts and cellular base stations—by switching impedance states. This approach dramatically reduces active power consumption, making it ideal for the next generation of pervasive Internet of Things (IoT) applications.

== Reference ==</text>
      <sha1>icnznat9x87q2w3ivjk9e3bq2vqspv8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Lpuwikiuser</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486458</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679113</id>
      <parentid>4677493</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T04:50:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lpuwikiuser</username>
        <id>3626625</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679113</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="86" sha1="jrisd2yafhjozm6lqrtvomw545hjmhg" xml:space="preserve">This demo account for '''LPU- OER Capacity-Building''' for writing chapter on Robotics</text>
      <sha1>jrisd2yafhjozm6lqrtvomw545hjmhg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679132</id>
      <parentid>4679113</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:15:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lpuwikiuser</username>
        <id>3626625</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679132</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="90" sha1="tgxqaa5f2mh7slc8wnjrtgvkbpxw58c" xml:space="preserve">This demo account for '''LPU- OER Capacity-Building''' for ''writing chapter'' on Robotics</text>
      <sha1>tgxqaa5f2mh7slc8wnjrtgvkbpxw58c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679133</id>
      <parentid>4679132</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:15:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lpuwikiuser</username>
        <id>3626625</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679133</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="95" sha1="pgubw50cozq5cy9rt06azt275998a92" xml:space="preserve">This demo account for '''LPU- OER Capacity-Building''' for ''writing chapter'' on &lt;br&gt;
Robotics</text>
      <sha1>pgubw50cozq5cy9rt06azt275998a92</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679140</id>
      <parentid>4679133</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:18:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lpuwikiuser</username>
        <id>3626625</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679140</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="167" sha1="8j5s4dn4x9uyfd4ghabgm68h1gfx0zn" xml:space="preserve">This demo account for '''LPU- OER Capacity-Building''' for ''writing chapter'' on &lt;br&gt;
Robotics 
[[File:HONDA_ASIMO.jpg|thumb|Humanoid robot, ASIMO, Japan expo, 2005]]</text>
      <sha1>8j5s4dn4x9uyfd4ghabgm68h1gfx0zn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Explorer-RG/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486461</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679037</id>
      <parentid>4677500</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:58:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Explorer-RG</username>
        <id>3628918</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>na</comment>
      <origin>4679037</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="0" sha1="phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1" />
      <sha1>phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/Historical And Cross Cultural Origins Of Vampire Archetypes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486503</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679226</id>
      <parentid>4677828</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:27:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679226</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6210" sha1="3ml204ra677sip7hkcf6gfkxx9b6mrg" xml:space="preserve">== Create Vampires: Historical And Cross-Cultural Origins Of Vampire Archetypes ==
'''What is an Archetype?''' 
&lt;br&gt;
According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, Archetype means &quot;the original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies.&quot; [1]
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
An archetype is a pattern that repeats itself in many cultures, in several historical ages. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
According to Wikipedia: &lt;br&gt;
Jungian archetypes are a concept from psychology that refers to a universal, inherited idea, pattern of thought, or image that is present in the collective unconscious of all human beings. As the psychic counterpart of instinct (i.e., archetypes are innate, symbolic, psychological expressions that manifest in response to patterned biological instincts), archetypes are thought to be the basis of many of the common themes and symbols that appear in stories, myths, and dreams across different cultures and societies. [2]
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Q: Why do certain ideas or characters -- such as the trickster god, or the heroic figure, or the cosmic mother -- repeatedly arise in myths and belief systems? &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Archetypes provide a large frame, whereby people can analyze how different cultures develop similar concepts, or similar myths independently. These shared patterns indicate that people express common concerns, such as fear of death, or fear of illness, in a similar manner. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
From a Jungian perspective, vampires exist not just as cautionary stories found in folklore, or tales from our imagination, vampires are symbols from the deep, they are archetypes from the unconsciousness, a rich source that reveals deeper truths about our inner soul [psyche] its needs, fears, and challenges. [3] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Although different cultures express particular differences, overall, vampires from other traditions are described as beings that drain life, return from the dead, or exist in a between state, between the living and the dead. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
When Researchers examine the similarities between vampires across cultures, Researchers and Creators define core features that create the vampire archetype. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Although details differ, these vampire-like &quot;beings&quot; serve a similar cultural function. They may give warning, explain disease, and act as a valve releasing social anxieties. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
'''A general survey of vampire-like myths in global folklore'''
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
''African vampire-like &quot;beings&quot;:''
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Asanbosam (Ashanti, Ghana) — A forest‑dwelling creature with iron teeth and hook‑like feet; attacks from trees &lt;br&gt;
Obayifo (West Africa) — A witch‑like being believed to drain life‑energy from children. &lt;br&gt;
Adze (Ewe, Togo/Ghana) — A vampiric spirit that can take the form of a firefly and feed on blood or life‑force. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
''European vampire-like &quot;beings&quot;:''&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Strigoi (Romania) — Restless dead who return to drain vitality or blood from the living. &lt;br&gt;
Upir (Slavic regions) — Early Slavic vampire figure; often associated with disease and nocturnal attacks. &lt;br&gt;
Nachzehrer (Germany) — A corpse believed to consume its own burial shroud and psychically drain the living. &lt;br&gt;
Vrykolakas (Greece) — A reanimated body associated with plague, misfortune, and nocturnal predation. &lt;br&gt;
Mullo (Romani) — A dead person who returns to harm or drain the living.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
''Asian vampire-like &quot;beings&quot;:'' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Jiangshi (China) — A “hopping” reanimated corpse that drains qi (life‑energy). &lt;br&gt;
Penanggalan (Malaysia) — A woman whose head detaches with trailing organs; feeds on blood. &lt;br&gt;
Manananggal (Philippines) — A being that separates its upper body and preys on humans at night. &lt;br&gt;
Rakshasa (India) — A shape‑shifting demon that sometimes consumes flesh or life‑force. &lt;br&gt;
Pontianak / Kuntilanak (Indonesia/Malaysia) — A vampiric spirit of a woman who died in childbirth &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
''Middle Eastern vampire-like &quot;beings&quot;'':
&lt;br&gt;
Ghul (Arabian folklore) — A desert‑dwelling creature that consumes flesh and sometimes blood. &lt;br&gt;
Alp (Turkic regions) — A nocturnal spirit that causes nightmares and may drain vitality. &lt;br&gt;
Estrie (Jewish folklore) — A female vampiric demon that feeds on blood.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
''The American vampire-like &quot;beings&quot;:'' 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Chupacabra (Latin America) — A modern cryptid said to drain blood from livestock. &lt;br&gt;
Tlahuelpuchi (Mexico, Tlaxcala) — A shape‑shifting being, often female, believed to feed on blood. &lt;br&gt;
Soucouyant (Caribbean) — A woman who sheds her skin and becomes a fireball to feed on blood. &lt;br&gt;
Wendigo (Algonquian peoples) — Not a vampire, but a cannibalistic spirit associated with hunger and consumption. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
''Oceanian vampire-like &quot;beings&quot;:''
&lt;br&gt;
Yara-ma-yha-who (Australia, Aboriginal folklore) — A small red creature that drains blood through suckers on its hands and feet.&lt;br&gt;

A diversity of beliefs are reflected concerning these life-draining &quot;beings.&quot;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
From VAMPIRES: the dark seduction of immortality: &lt;br&gt;
The vampire is a rich and multifaceted symbol that reflects our deepest desires, fears, and struggles. It speaks to our yearning for immortality, our fear of death, our conflicted relationship with the feminine, and our evolving cultural attitudes towards power, sexuality, and the shadow. Moreover, by studying the transformation of the vampire archetype over time, we can gain insights into the cultural and psychological dynamics that shape our collective psyche and influence our individual lives. [3] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Through study, Researchers will better understand the development of the vampire archetype, and perhaps, readers will understand why it resonates in stories from around the world. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
=== Reference: ===
1. Merriam-webster. Archetype. In Merriam-Webster.com/dictionary. September 16, 2026 from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/archetype Archetype

2. Jungian archetypes September 8, 2026. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungian_archetypes &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
3. Vampires: the dark seduction of immortality. August 14, 2018. https://thisjungianlife.com/ep9/
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||African Folklore|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>3ml204ra677sip7hkcf6gfkxx9b6mrg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Create Vampires/African Folklore</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486504</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679235</id>
      <parentid>4678334</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:33:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>3MMPEYTON</username>
        <id>3393808</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679235</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5308" sha1="ovlhg9fbhkw974olmvlig2ozkrbwwbu" xml:space="preserve">=='''African Folklore'''==
African people have not been known to believe in vampires, despite their large and complex mythology. Montague Summers, an English author and eccentric scholar, conducted a survey of vampirism around the world in 1920. He could only find two examples: the asasabonsam and the obayifo. [1] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Arthur Glyn Leonard, an ethnographer, worked among the tribes of the Niger River delta area. He found people who held a belief that witches left their homes at night to meet with demons, and to plot their neighbor's death. Death was achieved by sucking the blood of the victim through an unknown, or invisible means. Leonard believed that witchcraft was a sophisticated system of poisoning. [1] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In present times, John L. Vellutini, a post-modern explorer and editor of the Journal of Vampirology, reopened the question of African vampirism. From his travels, he summarized his results in two influential articles. Like scholars before him, he found little literal vampirism in Africa, yet he argued that beneath the surface, the African belief in witchcraft produced materials that were comparable to the Eastern European, or Slavic vampire. [1] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Witches in African cultures were seen as dangerous, powerful people with many powers, such as the ability to transform into other animals. They were known to indulge in cannibalism, feed on corpses [necrophagy], and engage in vampirism. They were also skilled in psychic vampirism. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
In parts of Africa, people accused of witchcraft would be executed if found guilty. The methods of witch execution had a strange resemblance to the methods of execution applied to the Eastern European vampires. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
According to ''The Vampire Book: The Encyclopedia of The Undead'': &lt;br&gt;
One tribe began the execution by pulling the tongue out and pinning it to the chin with a thorn (thus preventing any final curses being given to the executioner). The witch was then killed by being impaled on a sharpened stake. [1]  &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Tribal people in Africa took great efforts to determine if a person was a witch, going as far as digging up a person's corpse to examine it for signs of blood, and abnormal swelling. [1] &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Vellutini concluded that many Africans shared the belief with Europeans in the existence of a group of people who could live after dying, beings who could exert malignant influence from the grave. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

  &lt;br&gt; '''Vampire-like Beings In African Folklore'''


'''Asanbosam - Mythical Ghana vampire-like being'''

Appearance: Asanbosam are said to have iron teeth. They are humanoid, with long hair. They have bat-like features, including large wings.

Nature: Archetypal ogre.

Vampiric Activity - They prey on humans, feeding off people who wander into their forest territory.

Abilities: They live in trees and can attack from above. [5]

[[wikipedia:Sasabonsam|Sasabonsam - Wikipedia]]

&lt;br&gt;
'''Obayifo - Mythical West African vampire''' &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
The obayifo is a myth that comes from West Africa. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Appearance: The obayifo is described as a man or a woman. They look normal during the day, yet at night, they can be seen by their phosphorescent light that comes from their armpits or from their anal region. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Nature: They can be male or female, although it has been suggested that the obayifo are primarily women. It is noted that the obayifo are greedy. 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Vampiric Activity: They are associated with negativity, and misfortune. They are reported as draining small children of blood, or draining the sap from plants.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Abilities: They can fly. They will steal children. They can turn into a ball of flame, and  are associated with human possession.
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
Weakness: They avoid salt, Holy Priests, and may be vulnerable to starvation.
&lt;br&gt;

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obayifo


'''Adze -  A vampiric being, told by the people of Togo and Ghana'''

Appearance: A male or female able to shift shape. It can change appearance from firefly to human. In human form, the Adze has the ability to possess its victim.

Nature: Witchy.

Vampiric Activity: The Adze can travel through cracks and keyholes as a firefly at night. It is able to '''''suck blood''''' from dreaming people, causing them to become ill, and possibly die.

Abilities: Possession of a victim's family, or by those whom the victim is jealous.

Weakness: None. There is no escape from an Adze.

The Adze myth may have developed as a warning, describing the deadly effects of malaria, or mosquitoes, or both.

[[wikipedia:Adze_(folklore)|Adze (folklore) - Wikipedia]] 
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;
==== Reference: ====
 
1. The Vampire Book: The Encyclopedia of The Undead [Third Edition] Visible Ink Press 2014 &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
2. &quot;Asanbosam.&quot; Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, May 24, 2026. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasabonsam&lt;br&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;
3. &quot;Obayifo.&quot; Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, October 16, 2026. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obayifo &lt;br&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;
4. &quot;Adze.&quot; Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, August 26, 2026. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adze_(folklore) &lt;br&gt; 
&lt;br&gt;
5. Bunson, Matthew (1993). The Vampire Encyclopedia. London: Thames &amp; Hudson Ltd.  p. 11. {{ISBN|0-500-27748-6}}. &lt;br&gt;
&lt;br&gt;
&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Chapter navigation with TOC||Latin American Folklore|TOC mini}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
&lt;br&gt;

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>ovlhg9fbhkw974olmvlig2ozkrbwwbu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>On 2D Inverse Problems/common.js</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486557</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679153</id>
      <parentid>4678787</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:23:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Omphalographer</username>
        <id>3427146</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679153</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="189" sha1="t5s221puqaxg8jc32lxz9qsj21wsav0" xml:space="preserve">{{delete|This does not work and will never work. Books cannot embed custom JavaScript.}}

mw.loader.load( '//www.mediawiki.org/w/load.php?modules=ext.gadget.Global-Subpages' );

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>t5s221puqaxg8jc32lxz9qsj21wsav0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Cookbook:Meat and Sausage Ragu with Pasta</title>
    <ns>102</ns>
    <id>486592</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679260</id>
      <parentid>4678955</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:28:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Moby-Dick4000</username>
        <id>198746</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Ingredients */</comment>
      <origin>4679260</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4005" sha1="9wsg4m3q56ruxke0auvghlmmnpisicz" xml:space="preserve">{{recipesummary|category=Italian-American recipes|servings=6|time=2hours and 20 minutes|difficulty=3
| Image = [[Image: Paccheri rigati al ragù Napoletano.jpg|300px]]
}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook: Italian-American cuisine]]

The below recipe is inspired by [[wikipedia:Neapolitan ragù|Neapolitan ragù]], a dish that originated in Naples and is widely eaten in the Campania region of Italy. It's also popular among Italian-American families who call it Sunday sauce or Sunday gravy. The recipe presented here is a faster version of the authentic dish which takes several hours to prepare. It omits wine but includes carrots and celery.

==Ingredients==

*1 lb (454 g) dried pasta

*1½ lbs beef chuck, cut into approximately 1½-inch chunks

*1 lb Italian sausage (approximately 4–5 links)

*3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil

*1 medium onion, finely chopped

*2 medium carrots, finely chopped

*2 celery stalks, finely chopped

*3 cloves garlic, minced

*2 cans (28 oz each) crushed tomatoes

*6 oz tomato paste

*1 tablespoon dried oregano

*1 tablespoon dried basil

*Salt, to taste

*Freshly grated [[wikipedia:Parmigiano Reggiano|Parmigiano Reggiano]], for serving

== Equipment ==
*a thick-walled aluminum or copper pot, or a [[wikipedia:Dutch oven|Dutch oven]] with a lid
*a large pot for cooing pasta in boiling water
*a large pair of tongs
*a large spoon for stirring
*a kitchen knife
*a cheese grater
*a measuring cup
*measuring spoons
*a food scale

== Procedure ==
*Heat the olive oil in a large, thick-walled pot or Dutch oven over medium-high heat.
*Add the beef chuck. Season the beef lightly with salt.
*Cook, turning occasionally, until the beef develops a brown crust, approximately 8–12 minutes. Work in batches if necessary to avoid overcrowding.
*Remove the beef from the pot and set aside.
*Reduce the heat to medium.
*Add the chopped carrots, celery, and onion to the same pot, using the remaining oil and rendered fat from the meat.
*Cook for approximately 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables have softened.
*Make a small opening in the center of the vegetables and add the minced garlic.
*Cook until the garlic becomes lightly golden, approximately 30–60 seconds.
*Immediately add the crushed tomatoes to prevent the garlic from burning. Stir thoroughly to combine with the vegetables.
*Add the tomato paste and mix well until completely incorporated.
*Add the oregano and basil, stirring to distribute the herbs evenly throughout the sauce.
*Season with salt to taste, keeping in mind that the sausages will contribute additional salt.
*Return the browned beef chuck and add the raw Italian sausages to the pot, along with any accumulated juices.
*Stir gently, making sure the meat is submerged in the tomato sauce.
*Bring the sauce to a gentle simmer, then reduce the heat to low.
*Simmer for 2 hours with the pot lid on, leaving it slightly ajar. Stir approximately every 10 minutes to prevent the sauce from sticking to the bottom of the pot. Keep the heat low enough that the sauce bubbles gently rather than boiling vigorously.
*Approximately 10 minutes before the sauce finishes simmering, bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
*Add the entire 1-pound box of dried pasta.
*Cook until slightly underdone, approximately 1–2 minutes less than the package's recommended cooking time. Do not drain the pasta or discard the cooking water.
*Using tongs, transfer the slightly undercooked pasta directly from the boiling water into the pot of ragù.
*Stir thoroughly so that every piece of pasta is coated with sauce.
*Add a little starchy pasta cooking water, approximately ¼ cup at a time, as needed to loosen the sauce.
*Continue cooking and stirring over medium-low heat until the pasta is tender but not mushy and the sauce clings evenly to it.
*Divide the pasta and ragù among serving plates, distributing the beef and sausage as desired.
*Grate fresh Parmigiano Reggiano generously over each serving.
*Serve immediately while hot.</text>
      <sha1>9wsg4m3q56ruxke0auvghlmmnpisicz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679261</id>
      <parentid>4679260</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:30:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Moby-Dick4000</username>
        <id>198746</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Equipment */</comment>
      <origin>4679261</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3996" sha1="0eg8hgzlo9r10zl6wx9bqd2mi7fgycv" xml:space="preserve">{{recipesummary|category=Italian-American recipes|servings=6|time=2hours and 20 minutes|difficulty=3
| Image = [[Image: Paccheri rigati al ragù Napoletano.jpg|300px]]
}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook: Italian-American cuisine]]

The below recipe is inspired by [[wikipedia:Neapolitan ragù|Neapolitan ragù]], a dish that originated in Naples and is widely eaten in the Campania region of Italy. It's also popular among Italian-American families who call it Sunday sauce or Sunday gravy. The recipe presented here is a faster version of the authentic dish which takes several hours to prepare. It omits wine but includes carrots and celery.

==Ingredients==

*1 lb (454 g) dried pasta

*1½ lbs beef chuck, cut into approximately 1½-inch chunks

*1 lb Italian sausage (approximately 4–5 links)

*3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil

*1 medium onion, finely chopped

*2 medium carrots, finely chopped

*2 celery stalks, finely chopped

*3 cloves garlic, minced

*2 cans (28 oz each) crushed tomatoes

*6 oz tomato paste

*1 tablespoon dried oregano

*1 tablespoon dried basil

*Salt, to taste

*Freshly grated [[wikipedia:Parmigiano Reggiano|Parmigiano Reggiano]], for serving

== Equipment ==
*a thick-walled pot with a lid. A [[wikipedia:Dutch oven|Dutch oven]] works well.
*a large pot for cooking pasta in boiling water
*a large pair of tongs
*a large spoon for stirring
*a kitchen knife
*a cheese grater
*a measuring cup
*measuring spoons
*a food scale

== Procedure ==
*Heat the olive oil in a large, thick-walled pot or Dutch oven over medium-high heat.
*Add the beef chuck. Season the beef lightly with salt.
*Cook, turning occasionally, until the beef develops a brown crust, approximately 8–12 minutes. Work in batches if necessary to avoid overcrowding.
*Remove the beef from the pot and set aside.
*Reduce the heat to medium.
*Add the chopped carrots, celery, and onion to the same pot, using the remaining oil and rendered fat from the meat.
*Cook for approximately 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables have softened.
*Make a small opening in the center of the vegetables and add the minced garlic.
*Cook until the garlic becomes lightly golden, approximately 30–60 seconds.
*Immediately add the crushed tomatoes to prevent the garlic from burning. Stir thoroughly to combine with the vegetables.
*Add the tomato paste and mix well until completely incorporated.
*Add the oregano and basil, stirring to distribute the herbs evenly throughout the sauce.
*Season with salt to taste, keeping in mind that the sausages will contribute additional salt.
*Return the browned beef chuck and add the raw Italian sausages to the pot, along with any accumulated juices.
*Stir gently, making sure the meat is submerged in the tomato sauce.
*Bring the sauce to a gentle simmer, then reduce the heat to low.
*Simmer for 2 hours with the pot lid on, leaving it slightly ajar. Stir approximately every 10 minutes to prevent the sauce from sticking to the bottom of the pot. Keep the heat low enough that the sauce bubbles gently rather than boiling vigorously.
*Approximately 10 minutes before the sauce finishes simmering, bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
*Add the entire 1-pound box of dried pasta.
*Cook until slightly underdone, approximately 1–2 minutes less than the package's recommended cooking time. Do not drain the pasta or discard the cooking water.
*Using tongs, transfer the slightly undercooked pasta directly from the boiling water into the pot of ragù.
*Stir thoroughly so that every piece of pasta is coated with sauce.
*Add a little starchy pasta cooking water, approximately ¼ cup at a time, as needed to loosen the sauce.
*Continue cooking and stirring over medium-low heat until the pasta is tender but not mushy and the sauce clings evenly to it.
*Divide the pasta and ragù among serving plates, distributing the beef and sausage as desired.
*Grate fresh Parmigiano Reggiano generously over each serving.
*Serve immediately while hot.</text>
      <sha1>0eg8hgzlo9r10zl6wx9bqd2mi7fgycv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679263</id>
      <parentid>4679261</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:38:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Moby-Dick4000</username>
        <id>198746</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Procedure */</comment>
      <origin>4679263</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3961" sha1="asyi8k885tnowkxmswp3zjispcvqgyc" xml:space="preserve">{{recipesummary|category=Italian-American recipes|servings=6|time=2hours and 20 minutes|difficulty=3
| Image = [[Image: Paccheri rigati al ragù Napoletano.jpg|300px]]
}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook: Italian-American cuisine]]

The below recipe is inspired by [[wikipedia:Neapolitan ragù|Neapolitan ragù]], a dish that originated in Naples and is widely eaten in the Campania region of Italy. It's also popular among Italian-American families who call it Sunday sauce or Sunday gravy. The recipe presented here is a faster version of the authentic dish which takes several hours to prepare. It omits wine but includes carrots and celery.

==Ingredients==

*1 lb (454 g) dried pasta

*1½ lbs beef chuck, cut into approximately 1½-inch chunks

*1 lb Italian sausage (approximately 4–5 links)

*3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil

*1 medium onion, finely chopped

*2 medium carrots, finely chopped

*2 celery stalks, finely chopped

*3 cloves garlic, minced

*2 cans (28 oz each) crushed tomatoes

*6 oz tomato paste

*1 tablespoon dried oregano

*1 tablespoon dried basil

*Salt, to taste

*Freshly grated [[wikipedia:Parmigiano Reggiano|Parmigiano Reggiano]], for serving

== Equipment ==
*a thick-walled pot with a lid. A [[wikipedia:Dutch oven|Dutch oven]] works well.
*a large pot for cooking pasta in boiling water
*a large pair of tongs
*a large spoon for stirring
*a kitchen knife
*a cheese grater
*a measuring cup
*measuring spoons
*a food scale

== Procedure ==
*Heat the olive oil in a large in a thick-walled pot.
*Add the beef chuck. Season the beef lightly with salt.
*Cook, turning occasionally, until the beef develops a brown crust, approximately 8–12 minutes. Work in batches if necessary to avoid overcrowding.
*Remove the beef from the pot and set aside.
*Reduce the heat to medium.
*Add the chopped carrots, celery, and onion to the same pot, using the remaining oil and rendered fat from the meat.
*Cook for approximately 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables have softened. Be careful not to burn them.
*Make a small opening in the center of the vegetables and add the minced garlic.
*Cook until the garlic becomes lightly golden, approximately 30–60 seconds.
*Immediately add the crushed tomatoes to prevent the garlic from burning. Stir thoroughly to combine with the vegetables.
*Add the tomato paste and mix well until completely incorporated.
*Add the oregano and basil, stirring to distribute the herbs evenly throughout the sauce.
*Season with salt to taste, keeping in mind that the sausages will contribute additional salt and allow the mixture to simmer for one to two minutes.
*Return the browned beef chuck and add the raw Italian sausages to the pot, along with any accumulated juices.
*Stir gently, making sure the meat is submerged in the tomato sauce.
*Bring the sauce to a gentle simmer, then reduce the heat to low.
*Simmer for 2 hours with the pot lid on, leaving it slightly ajar. Stir approximately every 10 minutes to prevent the sauce from sticking to the bottom of the pot. Keep the heat low enough that the sauce bubbles gently rather than boiling vigorously.
*Approximately 10 minutes before the sauce finishes simmering, bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
*Add the entire 1-pound box of dried pasta.
*Cook until slightly underdone, approximately 1–2 minutes less than the package's recommended cooking time. Do not drain the pasta or discard the cooking water.
*Using tongs, transfer the slightly undercooked pasta directly from the boiling water into the pot of ragù.
*Stir thoroughly so that every piece of pasta is coated with sauce.
*Add ¼ cup of pasta water and continue simmering over medium-low heat until the pasta is tender but not mushy and the sauce clings evenly to it.
*Divide the pasta and ragù among serving plates, distributing the beef and sausage as desired.
*Grate fresh Parmigiano Reggiano generously over each serving.
*Serve immediately while hot.</text>
      <sha1>asyi8k885tnowkxmswp3zjispcvqgyc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679264</id>
      <parentid>4679263</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:40:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Moby-Dick4000</username>
        <id>198746</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679264</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3961" sha1="gu71o9uavcthguabareve082traw8bq" xml:space="preserve">{{recipesummary|category=Italian-American recipes|servings=6|time=2hours and 30 minutes|difficulty=3
| Image = [[Image: Paccheri rigati al ragù Napoletano.jpg|300px]]
}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook: Italian-American cuisine]]

The below recipe is inspired by [[wikipedia:Neapolitan ragù|Neapolitan ragù]], a dish that originated in Naples and is widely eaten in the Campania region of Italy. It's also popular among Italian-American families who call it Sunday sauce or Sunday gravy. The recipe presented here is a faster version of the authentic dish which takes several hours to prepare. It omits wine but includes carrots and celery.

==Ingredients==

*1 lb (454 g) dried pasta

*1½ lbs beef chuck, cut into approximately 1½-inch chunks

*1 lb Italian sausage (approximately 4–5 links)

*3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil

*1 medium onion, finely chopped

*2 medium carrots, finely chopped

*2 celery stalks, finely chopped

*3 cloves garlic, minced

*2 cans (28 oz each) crushed tomatoes

*6 oz tomato paste

*1 tablespoon dried oregano

*1 tablespoon dried basil

*Salt, to taste

*Freshly grated [[wikipedia:Parmigiano Reggiano|Parmigiano Reggiano]], for serving

== Equipment ==
*a thick-walled pot with a lid. A [[wikipedia:Dutch oven|Dutch oven]] works well.
*a large pot for cooking pasta in boiling water
*a large pair of tongs
*a large spoon for stirring
*a kitchen knife
*a cheese grater
*a measuring cup
*measuring spoons
*a food scale

== Procedure ==
*Heat the olive oil in a large in a thick-walled pot.
*Add the beef chuck. Season the beef lightly with salt.
*Cook, turning occasionally, until the beef develops a brown crust, approximately 8–12 minutes. Work in batches if necessary to avoid overcrowding.
*Remove the beef from the pot and set aside.
*Reduce the heat to medium.
*Add the chopped carrots, celery, and onion to the same pot, using the remaining oil and rendered fat from the meat.
*Cook for approximately 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables have softened. Be careful not to burn them.
*Make a small opening in the center of the vegetables and add the minced garlic.
*Cook until the garlic becomes lightly golden, approximately 30–60 seconds.
*Immediately add the crushed tomatoes to prevent the garlic from burning. Stir thoroughly to combine with the vegetables.
*Add the tomato paste and mix well until completely incorporated.
*Add the oregano and basil, stirring to distribute the herbs evenly throughout the sauce.
*Season with salt to taste, keeping in mind that the sausages will contribute additional salt and allow the mixture to simmer for one to two minutes.
*Return the browned beef chuck and add the raw Italian sausages to the pot, along with any accumulated juices.
*Stir gently, making sure the meat is submerged in the tomato sauce.
*Bring the sauce to a gentle simmer, then reduce the heat to low.
*Simmer for 2 hours with the pot lid on, leaving it slightly ajar. Stir approximately every 10 minutes to prevent the sauce from sticking to the bottom of the pot. Keep the heat low enough that the sauce bubbles gently rather than boiling vigorously.
*Approximately 10 minutes before the sauce finishes simmering, bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
*Add the entire 1-pound box of dried pasta.
*Cook until slightly underdone, approximately 1–2 minutes less than the package's recommended cooking time. Do not drain the pasta or discard the cooking water.
*Using tongs, transfer the slightly undercooked pasta directly from the boiling water into the pot of ragù.
*Stir thoroughly so that every piece of pasta is coated with sauce.
*Add ¼ cup of pasta water and continue simmering over medium-low heat until the pasta is tender but not mushy and the sauce clings evenly to it.
*Divide the pasta and ragù among serving plates, distributing the beef and sausage as desired.
*Grate fresh Parmigiano Reggiano generously over each serving.
*Serve immediately while hot.</text>
      <sha1>gu71o9uavcthguabareve082traw8bq</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679265</id>
      <parentid>4679264</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:47:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Moby-Dick4000</username>
        <id>198746</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Equipment */</comment>
      <origin>4679265</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4003" sha1="lzvvg8lgpwr6fcipteg1eux311og7hg" xml:space="preserve">{{recipesummary|category=Italian-American recipes|servings=6|time=2hours and 30 minutes|difficulty=3
| Image = [[Image: Paccheri rigati al ragù Napoletano.jpg|300px]]
}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook: Italian-American cuisine]]

The below recipe is inspired by [[wikipedia:Neapolitan ragù|Neapolitan ragù]], a dish that originated in Naples and is widely eaten in the Campania region of Italy. It's also popular among Italian-American families who call it Sunday sauce or Sunday gravy. The recipe presented here is a faster version of the authentic dish which takes several hours to prepare. It omits wine but includes carrots and celery.

==Ingredients==

*1 lb (454 g) dried pasta

*1½ lbs beef chuck, cut into approximately 1½-inch chunks

*1 lb Italian sausage (approximately 4–5 links)

*3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil

*1 medium onion, finely chopped

*2 medium carrots, finely chopped

*2 celery stalks, finely chopped

*3 cloves garlic, minced

*2 cans (28 oz each) crushed tomatoes

*6 oz tomato paste

*1 tablespoon dried oregano

*1 tablespoon dried basil

*Salt, to taste

*Freshly grated [[wikipedia:Parmigiano Reggiano|Parmigiano Reggiano]], for serving

== Equipment ==
*a thick-walled pot with a lid. Both [[wikipedia:Dutch oven|Dutch ovens]] and thick-walled, aluminum ''calderos&quot; work well.
*a large pot for cooking pasta in boiling water
*a large pair of tongs
*a large spoon for stirring
*a kitchen knife
*a cheese grater
*a measuring cup
*measuring spoons
*a food scale

== Procedure ==
*Heat the olive oil in a large in a thick-walled pot.
*Add the beef chuck. Season the beef lightly with salt.
*Cook, turning occasionally, until the beef develops a brown crust, approximately 8–12 minutes. Work in batches if necessary to avoid overcrowding.
*Remove the beef from the pot and set aside.
*Reduce the heat to medium.
*Add the chopped carrots, celery, and onion to the same pot, using the remaining oil and rendered fat from the meat.
*Cook for approximately 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables have softened. Be careful not to burn them.
*Make a small opening in the center of the vegetables and add the minced garlic.
*Cook until the garlic becomes lightly golden, approximately 30–60 seconds.
*Immediately add the crushed tomatoes to prevent the garlic from burning. Stir thoroughly to combine with the vegetables.
*Add the tomato paste and mix well until completely incorporated.
*Add the oregano and basil, stirring to distribute the herbs evenly throughout the sauce.
*Season with salt to taste, keeping in mind that the sausages will contribute additional salt and allow the mixture to simmer for one to two minutes.
*Return the browned beef chuck and add the raw Italian sausages to the pot, along with any accumulated juices.
*Stir gently, making sure the meat is submerged in the tomato sauce.
*Bring the sauce to a gentle simmer, then reduce the heat to low.
*Simmer for 2 hours with the pot lid on, leaving it slightly ajar. Stir approximately every 10 minutes to prevent the sauce from sticking to the bottom of the pot. Keep the heat low enough that the sauce bubbles gently rather than boiling vigorously.
*Approximately 10 minutes before the sauce finishes simmering, bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
*Add the entire 1-pound box of dried pasta.
*Cook until slightly underdone, approximately 1–2 minutes less than the package's recommended cooking time. Do not drain the pasta or discard the cooking water.
*Using tongs, transfer the slightly undercooked pasta directly from the boiling water into the pot of ragù.
*Stir thoroughly so that every piece of pasta is coated with sauce.
*Add ¼ cup of pasta water and continue simmering over medium-low heat until the pasta is tender but not mushy and the sauce clings evenly to it.
*Divide the pasta and ragù among serving plates, distributing the beef and sausage as desired.
*Grate fresh Parmigiano Reggiano generously over each serving.
*Serve immediately while hot.</text>
      <sha1>lzvvg8lgpwr6fcipteg1eux311og7hg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679266</id>
      <parentid>4679265</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:47:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Moby-Dick4000</username>
        <id>198746</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Equipment */</comment>
      <origin>4679266</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4004" sha1="gzidpnb5nuwcvna0xlcembs3x0kjaq3" xml:space="preserve">{{recipesummary|category=Italian-American recipes|servings=6|time=2hours and 30 minutes|difficulty=3
| Image = [[Image: Paccheri rigati al ragù Napoletano.jpg|300px]]
}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook: Italian-American cuisine]]

The below recipe is inspired by [[wikipedia:Neapolitan ragù|Neapolitan ragù]], a dish that originated in Naples and is widely eaten in the Campania region of Italy. It's also popular among Italian-American families who call it Sunday sauce or Sunday gravy. The recipe presented here is a faster version of the authentic dish which takes several hours to prepare. It omits wine but includes carrots and celery.

==Ingredients==

*1 lb (454 g) dried pasta

*1½ lbs beef chuck, cut into approximately 1½-inch chunks

*1 lb Italian sausage (approximately 4–5 links)

*3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil

*1 medium onion, finely chopped

*2 medium carrots, finely chopped

*2 celery stalks, finely chopped

*3 cloves garlic, minced

*2 cans (28 oz each) crushed tomatoes

*6 oz tomato paste

*1 tablespoon dried oregano

*1 tablespoon dried basil

*Salt, to taste

*Freshly grated [[wikipedia:Parmigiano Reggiano|Parmigiano Reggiano]], for serving

== Equipment ==
*a thick-walled pot with a lid. Both [[wikipedia:Dutch oven|Dutch ovens]] and thick-walled, aluminum ''calderos'' work well.
*a large pot for cooking pasta in boiling water
*a large pair of tongs
*a large spoon for stirring
*a kitchen knife
*a cheese grater
*a measuring cup
*measuring spoons
*a food scale

== Procedure ==
*Heat the olive oil in a large in a thick-walled pot.
*Add the beef chuck. Season the beef lightly with salt.
*Cook, turning occasionally, until the beef develops a brown crust, approximately 8–12 minutes. Work in batches if necessary to avoid overcrowding.
*Remove the beef from the pot and set aside.
*Reduce the heat to medium.
*Add the chopped carrots, celery, and onion to the same pot, using the remaining oil and rendered fat from the meat.
*Cook for approximately 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables have softened. Be careful not to burn them.
*Make a small opening in the center of the vegetables and add the minced garlic.
*Cook until the garlic becomes lightly golden, approximately 30–60 seconds.
*Immediately add the crushed tomatoes to prevent the garlic from burning. Stir thoroughly to combine with the vegetables.
*Add the tomato paste and mix well until completely incorporated.
*Add the oregano and basil, stirring to distribute the herbs evenly throughout the sauce.
*Season with salt to taste, keeping in mind that the sausages will contribute additional salt and allow the mixture to simmer for one to two minutes.
*Return the browned beef chuck and add the raw Italian sausages to the pot, along with any accumulated juices.
*Stir gently, making sure the meat is submerged in the tomato sauce.
*Bring the sauce to a gentle simmer, then reduce the heat to low.
*Simmer for 2 hours with the pot lid on, leaving it slightly ajar. Stir approximately every 10 minutes to prevent the sauce from sticking to the bottom of the pot. Keep the heat low enough that the sauce bubbles gently rather than boiling vigorously.
*Approximately 10 minutes before the sauce finishes simmering, bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
*Add the entire 1-pound box of dried pasta.
*Cook until slightly underdone, approximately 1–2 minutes less than the package's recommended cooking time. Do not drain the pasta or discard the cooking water.
*Using tongs, transfer the slightly undercooked pasta directly from the boiling water into the pot of ragù.
*Stir thoroughly so that every piece of pasta is coated with sauce.
*Add ¼ cup of pasta water and continue simmering over medium-low heat until the pasta is tender but not mushy and the sauce clings evenly to it.
*Divide the pasta and ragù among serving plates, distributing the beef and sausage as desired.
*Grate fresh Parmigiano Reggiano generously over each serving.
*Serve immediately while hot.</text>
      <sha1>gzidpnb5nuwcvna0xlcembs3x0kjaq3</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679267</id>
      <parentid>4679266</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:50:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Moby-Dick4000</username>
        <id>198746</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Equipment */</comment>
      <origin>4679267</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3958" sha1="jpuoapre42m6jl6z29hyxq2r515ga32" xml:space="preserve">{{recipesummary|category=Italian-American recipes|servings=6|time=2hours and 30 minutes|difficulty=3
| Image = [[Image: Paccheri rigati al ragù Napoletano.jpg|300px]]
}}
{{recipe}} | [[Cookbook: Italian-American cuisine]]

The below recipe is inspired by [[wikipedia:Neapolitan ragù|Neapolitan ragù]], a dish that originated in Naples and is widely eaten in the Campania region of Italy. It's also popular among Italian-American families who call it Sunday sauce or Sunday gravy. The recipe presented here is a faster version of the authentic dish which takes several hours to prepare. It omits wine but includes carrots and celery.

==Ingredients==

*1 lb (454 g) dried pasta

*1½ lbs beef chuck, cut into approximately 1½-inch chunks

*1 lb Italian sausage (approximately 4–5 links)

*3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil

*1 medium onion, finely chopped

*2 medium carrots, finely chopped

*2 celery stalks, finely chopped

*3 cloves garlic, minced

*2 cans (28 oz each) crushed tomatoes

*6 oz tomato paste

*1 tablespoon dried oregano

*1 tablespoon dried basil

*Salt, to taste

*Freshly grated [[wikipedia:Parmigiano Reggiano|Parmigiano Reggiano]], for serving

== Equipment ==
*A [[wikipedia:Dutch oven|Dutch oven]] or a thick-walled, aluminum ''caldero''
*a large pot for cooking pasta in boiling water
*a large pair of tongs
*a large spoon for stirring
*a kitchen knife
*a cheese grater
*a measuring cup
*measuring spoons
*a food scale

== Procedure ==
*Heat the olive oil in a large in a thick-walled pot.
*Add the beef chuck. Season the beef lightly with salt.
*Cook, turning occasionally, until the beef develops a brown crust, approximately 8–12 minutes. Work in batches if necessary to avoid overcrowding.
*Remove the beef from the pot and set aside.
*Reduce the heat to medium.
*Add the chopped carrots, celery, and onion to the same pot, using the remaining oil and rendered fat from the meat.
*Cook for approximately 8–10 minutes, stirring occasionally, until the vegetables have softened. Be careful not to burn them.
*Make a small opening in the center of the vegetables and add the minced garlic.
*Cook until the garlic becomes lightly golden, approximately 30–60 seconds.
*Immediately add the crushed tomatoes to prevent the garlic from burning. Stir thoroughly to combine with the vegetables.
*Add the tomato paste and mix well until completely incorporated.
*Add the oregano and basil, stirring to distribute the herbs evenly throughout the sauce.
*Season with salt to taste, keeping in mind that the sausages will contribute additional salt and allow the mixture to simmer for one to two minutes.
*Return the browned beef chuck and add the raw Italian sausages to the pot, along with any accumulated juices.
*Stir gently, making sure the meat is submerged in the tomato sauce.
*Bring the sauce to a gentle simmer, then reduce the heat to low.
*Simmer for 2 hours with the pot lid on, leaving it slightly ajar. Stir approximately every 10 minutes to prevent the sauce from sticking to the bottom of the pot. Keep the heat low enough that the sauce bubbles gently rather than boiling vigorously.
*Approximately 10 minutes before the sauce finishes simmering, bring a large pot of salted water to a boil.
*Add the entire 1-pound box of dried pasta.
*Cook until slightly underdone, approximately 1–2 minutes less than the package's recommended cooking time. Do not drain the pasta or discard the cooking water.
*Using tongs, transfer the slightly undercooked pasta directly from the boiling water into the pot of ragù.
*Stir thoroughly so that every piece of pasta is coated with sauce.
*Add ¼ cup of pasta water and continue simmering over medium-low heat until the pasta is tender but not mushy and the sauce clings evenly to it.
*Divide the pasta and ragù among serving plates, distributing the beef and sausage as desired.
*Grate fresh Parmigiano Reggiano generously over each serving.
*Serve immediately while hot.</text>
      <sha1>jpuoapre42m6jl6z29hyxq2r515ga32</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks talk:Magazine/1</title>
    <ns>5</ns>
    <id>486595</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679095</id>
      <parentid>4678872</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T22:20:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>JJPMaster</username>
        <id>3095725</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4679095</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2625" sha1="74acb0ypnzvfpi3811lxnr443qa5um5" xml:space="preserve">Are there any ideas for the next Wikibooks Magazine? [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 08:00, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:*Discontinuation of FlaggedRevs.  [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 08:03, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Snapshot of featured content (best case scenario, this changes from issue to issue). ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:46, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Admins lost/gained. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:47, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Interviews, overviews of projects (WikiJunior, Cookbook). ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:47, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Spotlight on featured content. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:47, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
: Maybe we can encourage active, highly trusted patrollers to become administrators? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:26, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
::That could be added! Are you willing to write a piece about it? [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 11:44, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
::: Probably, but I would write it in an neutral, albeit encouraging tone. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:26, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
:If there's ever enough information about it, any technical changes to the site. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 22:20, 30 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>74acb0ypnzvfpi3811lxnr443qa5um5</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679097</id>
      <parentid>4679095</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T23:36:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Codename Noreste</username>
        <id>3441010</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>reply to JJPMaster ([[mw:c:Special:MyLanguage/User:JWBTH/CD|CD]])</comment>
      <origin>4679097</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2830" sha1="deg8vwk5cupc44ib7xknrxyxemlwriw" xml:space="preserve">Are there any ideas for the next Wikibooks Magazine? [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 08:00, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:*Discontinuation of FlaggedRevs.  [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 08:03, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Snapshot of featured content (best case scenario, this changes from issue to issue). ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:46, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Admins lost/gained. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:47, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Interviews, overviews of projects (WikiJunior, Cookbook). ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:47, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
:Spotlight on featured content. ―[[User:Koavf|Justin (&lt;span style=&quot;color:grey&quot;&gt;ko'''a'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:black&quot;&gt;v&lt;/span&gt;f&lt;/span&gt;)]]&lt;span style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;❤[[User talk:Koavf|T]]☮[[Special:Contributions/Koavf|C]]☺[[Special:Emailuser/Koavf|M]]☯&lt;/span&gt; 16:47, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
: Maybe we can encourage active, highly trusted patrollers to become administrators? [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:26, 28 October 2026 (UTC)
::That could be added! Are you willing to write a piece about it? [[User:MathsScienceNerd1|MathsScienceNerd1]] ([[User talk:MathsScienceNerd1|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathsScienceNerd1|contribs]]) 11:44, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
::: Probably, but I would write it in an neutral, albeit encouraging tone. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 17:26, 29 October 2026 (UTC)
:If there's ever enough information about it, any technical changes to the site. [[User:JJPMaster|JJP]]&lt;sub&gt;[[User talk:JJPMaster|Mas]]&lt;sub&gt;[[Special:Contributions/JJPMaster|ter]]&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; ([[wikt:she|she]]/[[wikt:they|they]]) 22:20, 30 October 2026 (UTC)
:: I can write such technical changes to the magazine. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 23:36, 30 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>deg8vwk5cupc44ib7xknrxyxemlwriw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Units of Measurement/Atomic units</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486621</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679021</id>
      <parentid>4678979</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T12:47:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
      <origin>4679021</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3211" sha1="kkob2hjpfpr10c9tdax0bladknoxyim" xml:space="preserve">Atomic units are units of measurement that express time, distance, and mass through physical constants. These constants are Planck constant &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\hbar&lt;/math&gt;, the speed of light &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;c&lt;/math&gt;, and the electron mass &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;m_e&lt;/math&gt;.

Let us find these units of time &lt;math dispaly=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;T&lt;/math&gt;, distance &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;L&lt;/math&gt;, and mass &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;M&lt;/math&gt;. In order to do it, it is necessary to find the dimensionality of Planck constant and the speed of light.

Planck constant appears in a non-stationary Schroedinger equation
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
i\hbar \frac {\partial \psi} {\partial t} = \hat H \psi.
&lt;/math&gt;
The dimensionality of the derivative &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\frac {\partial \psi} {\partial t}&lt;/math&gt; is &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\frac {\left[\psi\right]} {\mathrm{s}} = \left[\psi\right] \mathrm{s}^{-1}&lt;/math&gt;, the dimensionality of the Hamiltonian operator &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\hat H&lt;/math&gt; is the dimensionality of energy, in SI units it is joule. Thus, taking dimensionality of the left hand side and the right hand side of the Schroedinger equation it is possible to get
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
\left[i\hbar \frac {\partial \psi} {\partial t}\right] = \left[\hat H \psi\right],
&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
\left[\hbar\right] \left[\psi\right] \mathrm{s}^{-1} = \mathrm{J} \left[\psi\right],
&lt;/math&gt;
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
\left[\hbar\right] = \mathrm{s} \cdot \mathrm{J}.
&lt;/math&gt;
The joule is defined as the unit of work in SI. By definition, work of a force &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\vec{F}&lt;/math&gt; with displacement &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\vec{\delta r}&lt;/math&gt; is 
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
\delta A = \vec{F} \cdot \vec{\delta r}.
&lt;/math&gt;
Taking the dimensionality of the left hand side and the right hand side of this equation it is possible to get
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
\mathrm{J} = \left[\vec{F}\right] \cdot \mathrm {m}.
&lt;/math&gt;
The dimensionality of the force &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\vec{F}&lt;/math&gt; can be found from the relativistic equation
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
\frac {d} {dt} \left( \frac {m \vec {v}} {\sqrt{1 - \left(\frac {v} {c}\right)^2}} \right) = \vec{F}.
&lt;/math&gt;
The dimensionality of the left hand side is &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\frac {1} {\mathrm{s}} \left[m\right] \left[\vec{v}\right] = \frac {1} {\mathrm{s}} \cdot \mathrm{kg} \cdot \frac {\mathrm {m}} {\mathrm {s}} = \mathrm{s^{-2}} \cdot \mathrm {m} \cdot \mathrm {kg}&lt;/math&gt;, the dimensionality of the right hand side is &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\left[\vec{F}\right]&lt;/math&gt;. Thus,
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
\left[\vec{F}\right] = \mathrm{s^{-2}} \cdot \mathrm {m} \cdot \mathrm {kg}
&lt;/math&gt;
and
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
\mathrm{J} = \mathrm{s^{-2}} \cdot \mathrm {m} \cdot \mathrm {kg} \cdot m = \mathrm{s^{-2}} \cdot \mathrm{m^2} \cdot \mathrm{kg}.
&lt;/math&gt;
Putting this expression for joule into the expression for the dimensionality of &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\hbar&lt;/math&gt;, it is possible to get
&lt;math display=&quot;block&quot;&gt;
\left[\hbar\right] = \mathrm{s}^{-1} \cdot \mathrm{m} \cdot \mathrm{kg}.
&lt;/math&gt;

The dimensionality of the speed of light is &lt;math display=&quot;inline&quot;&gt;\left[c\right] = \mathrm{s}^{-1} \cdot \mathrm{m}&lt;/math&gt;.

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>kkob2hjpfpr10c9tdax0bladknoxyim</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Talk:Infrastructure Past, Present, and Future/Glenwood Canyon</title>
    <ns>1</ns>
    <id>486625</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679034</id>
      <parentid>4678966</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:42:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ice waterstone</username>
        <id>3626847</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Wikibook discussion */ Reply</comment>
      <origin>4679034</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2939" sha1="nwayrpa95b93v2p7mj842ttqjt5vij2" xml:space="preserve">== Wikibook discussion ==
Decisions that go into infrastructure tend to be very complex and the Glenwood Canyon is a prime example of this. This case involved some big trade-offs. One of the most important in this project was balancing the development of transportation infrastructure with environmental protection. Solutions to this project required expensive and complex engineering. The wildfires in 2020 caused a lot of damage and brought along a discussion on how much cautionary prevention measures should be designed for considering the substantial upfront costs. The wikibook is laid out really well and I liked the different perspectives of stakeholders involved in the project. The timeline is helpful in estabilishing the context. I think the case study would be stronger if you included the financial impacts of closures or post-construction activities. Involving the local communities' perspective would also be helpful.   [[User:AngelynSJ|AngelynSJ]] ([[User talk:AngelynSJ|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/AngelynSJ|contribs]]) 04:19, 30 October 2026 (UTC)

:I think the Glenwood Canyon I-70 case is a good example of how infrastructure can benefit communities but also create challenges. The highway connects different parts of Colorado, makes travel easier, and supports businesses and tourism. However, building a highway through the canyon also created environmental concerns because of the wildlife, natural landscape, and Colorado River. I think one of the biggest questions is how engineers can build important infrastructure while protecting the environment. Another important issue is how to prepare highways for natural disasters. For example, the Grizzly Creek Fire in 2020 weakened the land, and heavy rain in 2021 caused mudslides that closed the highway. This shows why safety and long-term planning are important.
:I think the team's Wikibook materials explain the case well. They include the history of the highway, construction methods, costs, important people and agencies, and the natural disasters that affected the canyon. I especially liked how the materials explained the special engineering designs, such as tunnels, bridges, and retaining walls, that helped reduce damage to the environment.
:However, I think the materials could be improved by including more opinions from local residents, businesses, and environmental groups. This would help readers understand how the highway affects different people. The team could also explain more about how much money is needed to maintain the highway and protect it from future disasters. Overall, this case shows that building infrastructure is not just about creating roads. It is also about protecting people, the environment, and making sure the infrastructure can last into the future. [[User:Ice waterstone|Ice waterstone]] ([[User talk:Ice waterstone|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/Ice waterstone|contribs]]) 13:42, 30 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>nwayrpa95b93v2p7mj842ttqjt5vij2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:RISHILPU/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486626</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679040</id>
      <parentid>4678974</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T14:27:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RISHILPU</username>
        <id>3629676</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added some more information about the PCM.</comment>
      <origin>4679040</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3434" sha1="p2bibiwrj169f91coyrg8vpddi7qozo" xml:space="preserve">== Pulse Code Modulation – PCM ==
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), also known as baseband transmission, converts an input analog signal into a digital format and transmits it over a digital communication channel.

It consists of the following:

Band-limiting the input analog signal Sampling Quantization Analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion Signal shaping.

=== Introduction ===
Analog Voice data must be translated into a series of binary digits before they can be transmitted.With Pulse Code Modulation,the amplitude of the sound wave is sampled at regular intervals and translated into a binary number.The difference between the original analog singnal and the translated digitial signal is called quantizing error.

=== PCM Processes ===
1)Filtering

2)Sampling

3)Quantization

4)Encoding

==== 1)Sampling ====
Analog signal is sampled every T(sec).T(sec) is reffered to as the sampling interval.

&lt;math&gt;F_s=1/(t_s)
&lt;/math&gt;is called the sampling rate or sampling frequency.

there are 3 sampling methods.

'''1)Ideal'''

an impluse at each sampling instant

'''2)Natural'''

a pluse of short width with varying amplitude

'''3)Flattop''' 

sample and hold,like natural but with single amplitude value.

==== 2)Quantizing ====
The process of measuring the numerical values of the samples and giving them a table in a suitable scale.The finite number of amplitude intervals is called the quantizing interval like quantizing interval no.1 is 10-20mV;2 is 20-30mV etc. in a case of 1V signal.Linear quantizing is where the quantizing intervals are of the same size.

Quantization intervals are coded in binary form, and so the quantization intervals will be in power of 2. In PCM bit code is used and so we can have 256 intervals for quantizing 128 levels the positive direction and 128 levels in negative direction.

===== Quantization Distortion =====
The deviation between the amplitude of sample set the transmitter and receiving ends. Linear quantization. The distortion is more into increase the distortion. The number of steps in the given amplitude range has to be increased. Due to BW limitations, more quantum levels in small magnitude region or planet results to non-linear uniform quantization.

=== PCM Standards ===
There are two standards of PCM, namely, There are two standards of PCM, namely, the European standard, the American stand

1)the European standard,

2) the American standard.

They differ likely in the detail of their working, but the principles are the same.

a)European PCM= 30 channels.

b)North American PCM = 24 channels.

c) Japanese PCM = 24 channels

In India, we follow the European PCM of 30 channels system working.

==== Bit Rate and Bandwidth Requirements of PCM ====
The bit rate of PCM signal can be calculated form the number of bites per samples &lt;math&gt;*&lt;/math&gt;The sampling rate

Bite rate=&lt;math&gt;n_b*f_s&lt;/math&gt;

The bandwidth required to transmit. The signal depends on the type of line encoding used referred to previous section for discussion and formulas. A digital signal will always need more bandwidth than the original analog signal price pay for Robo bus sign other futures of digital transmission.

==== Advatages of PCM ====
a)Uniform transmission quality.

b)Compatibility of different classes of traffic in the network.

c)Integrated digital network.

d)Increased utilization of existing circuit.

e)Low manufacturing cost.

f)Good performance over very poor transmission paths.</text>
      <sha1>p2bibiwrj169f91coyrg8vpddi7qozo</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679041</id>
      <parentid>4679040</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T14:30:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RISHILPU</username>
        <id>3629676</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added some Links</comment>
      <origin>4679041</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4753" sha1="rt447ic2hrtxo2qp9xjn6wb47fd9mfp" xml:space="preserve">== Pulse Code Modulation – PCM ==
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), also known as baseband transmission, converts an input analog signal into a digital format and transmits it over a digital communication channel.

It consists of the following:

Band-limiting the input analog signal Sampling Quantization Analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion Signal shaping.

=== Introduction ===
Analog Voice data must be translated into a series of binary digits before they can be transmitted.With Pulse Code Modulation,the amplitude of the sound wave is sampled at regular intervals and translated into a binary number.The difference between the original analog singnal and the translated digitial signal is called quantizing error.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-09-25 |title=Difference between Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) and Delta Modulation (DM) |url=https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-networks/difference-between-pulse-code-modulation-pcm-and-delta-modulation-dm/ |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=GeeksforGeeks |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Processes ===
1)Filtering

2)Sampling

3)Quantization

4)Encoding

==== 1)Sampling ====
Analog signal is sampled every T(sec).T(sec) is reffered to as the sampling interval.

&lt;math&gt;F_s=1/(t_s)
&lt;/math&gt;is called the sampling rate or sampling frequency.

there are 3 sampling methods.

'''1)Ideal'''

an impluse at each sampling instant

'''2)Natural'''

a pluse of short width with varying amplitude

'''3)Flattop''' 

sample and hold,like natural but with single amplitude value.

==== 2)Quantizing ====
The process of measuring the numerical values of the samples and giving them a table in a suitable scale.The finite number of amplitude intervals is called the quantizing interval like quantizing interval no.1 is 10-20mV;2 is 20-30mV etc. in a case of 1V signal.Linear quantizing is where the quantizing intervals are of the same size.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Quantization intervals are coded in binary form, and so the quantization intervals will be in power of 2. In PCM bit code is used and so we can have 256 intervals for quantizing 128 levels the positive direction and 128 levels in negative direction.

===== Quantization Distortion =====
The deviation between the amplitude of sample set the transmitter and receiving ends. Linear quantization. The distortion is more into increase the distortion. The number of steps in the given amplitude range has to be increased. Due to BW limitations, more quantum levels in small magnitude region or planet results to non-linear uniform quantization.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Standards ===
There are two standards of PCM, namely, There are two standards of PCM, namely, the European standard, the American stand

1)the European standard,

2) the American standard.

They differ likely in the detail of their working, but the principles are the same.

a)European PCM= 30 channels.

b)North American PCM = 24 channels.

c) Japanese PCM = 24 channels

In India, we follow the European PCM of 30 channels system working.

==== Bit Rate and Bandwidth Requirements of PCM ====
The bit rate of PCM signal can be calculated form the number of bites per samples &lt;math&gt;*&lt;/math&gt;The sampling rate

Bite rate=&lt;math&gt;n_b*f_s&lt;/math&gt;

The bandwidth required to transmit. The signal depends on the type of line encoding used referred to previous section for discussion and formulas. A digital signal will always need more bandwidth than the original analog signal price pay for Robo bus sign other futures of digital transmission.

==== Advatages of PCM ====
a)Uniform transmission quality.

b)Compatibility of different classes of traffic in the network.

c)Integrated digital network.

d)Increased utilization of existing circuit.

e)Low manufacturing cost.

f)Good performance over very poor transmission paths.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pulse Code Modulation - an overview {{!}} ScienceDirect Topics |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/pulse-code-modulation |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=www.sciencedirect.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Reference ==</text>
      <sha1>rt447ic2hrtxo2qp9xjn6wb47fd9mfp</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679108</id>
      <parentid>4679041</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:48:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Marking for speedy deletion: Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]</comment>
      <origin>4679108</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4850" sha1="t2fcbq4lhwpbyekar9ey7lps1i9khtd" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
== Pulse Code Modulation – PCM ==
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), also known as baseband transmission, converts an input analog signal into a digital format and transmits it over a digital communication channel.

It consists of the following:

Band-limiting the input analog signal Sampling Quantization Analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion Signal shaping.

=== Introduction ===
Analog Voice data must be translated into a series of binary digits before they can be transmitted.With Pulse Code Modulation,the amplitude of the sound wave is sampled at regular intervals and translated into a binary number.The difference between the original analog singnal and the translated digitial signal is called quantizing error.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-09-25 |title=Difference between Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) and Delta Modulation (DM) |url=https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-networks/difference-between-pulse-code-modulation-pcm-and-delta-modulation-dm/ |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=GeeksforGeeks |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Processes ===
1)Filtering

2)Sampling

3)Quantization

4)Encoding

==== 1)Sampling ====
Analog signal is sampled every T(sec).T(sec) is reffered to as the sampling interval.

&lt;math&gt;F_s=1/(t_s)
&lt;/math&gt;is called the sampling rate or sampling frequency.

there are 3 sampling methods.

'''1)Ideal'''

an impluse at each sampling instant

'''2)Natural'''

a pluse of short width with varying amplitude

'''3)Flattop''' 

sample and hold,like natural but with single amplitude value.

==== 2)Quantizing ====
The process of measuring the numerical values of the samples and giving them a table in a suitable scale.The finite number of amplitude intervals is called the quantizing interval like quantizing interval no.1 is 10-20mV;2 is 20-30mV etc. in a case of 1V signal.Linear quantizing is where the quantizing intervals are of the same size.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Quantization intervals are coded in binary form, and so the quantization intervals will be in power of 2. In PCM bit code is used and so we can have 256 intervals for quantizing 128 levels the positive direction and 128 levels in negative direction.

===== Quantization Distortion =====
The deviation between the amplitude of sample set the transmitter and receiving ends. Linear quantization. The distortion is more into increase the distortion. The number of steps in the given amplitude range has to be increased. Due to BW limitations, more quantum levels in small magnitude region or planet results to non-linear uniform quantization.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Standards ===
There are two standards of PCM, namely, There are two standards of PCM, namely, the European standard, the American stand

1)the European standard,

2) the American standard.

They differ likely in the detail of their working, but the principles are the same.

a)European PCM= 30 channels.

b)North American PCM = 24 channels.

c) Japanese PCM = 24 channels

In India, we follow the European PCM of 30 channels system working.

==== Bit Rate and Bandwidth Requirements of PCM ====
The bit rate of PCM signal can be calculated form the number of bites per samples &lt;math&gt;*&lt;/math&gt;The sampling rate

Bite rate=&lt;math&gt;n_b*f_s&lt;/math&gt;

The bandwidth required to transmit. The signal depends on the type of line encoding used referred to previous section for discussion and formulas. A digital signal will always need more bandwidth than the original analog signal price pay for Robo bus sign other futures of digital transmission.

==== Advatages of PCM ====
a)Uniform transmission quality.

b)Compatibility of different classes of traffic in the network.

c)Integrated digital network.

d)Increased utilization of existing circuit.

e)Low manufacturing cost.

f)Good performance over very poor transmission paths.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pulse Code Modulation - an overview {{!}} ScienceDirect Topics |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/pulse-code-modulation |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=www.sciencedirect.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Reference ==</text>
      <sha1>t2fcbq4lhwpbyekar9ey7lps1i9khtd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679167</id>
      <parentid>4679108</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:28:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RISHILPU</username>
        <id>3629676</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added one Image</comment>
      <origin>4679167</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4913" sha1="3a0cf361q4jfvcloy30vyjw0xq1ld2t" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Pulse Code Modulation – PCM ==
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), also known as baseband transmission, converts an input analog signal into a digital format and transmits it over a digital communication channel.

It consists of the following:

Band-limiting the input analog signal Sampling Quantization Analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion Signal shaping.

[[File:Pcm-zh-cn.svg|thumb|289x289px|Pulse Code Modulation]]

=== Introduction ===
Analog Voice data must be translated into a series of binary digits before they can be transmitted.With Pulse Code Modulation,the amplitude of the sound wave is sampled at regular intervals and translated into a binary number.The difference between the original analog singnal and the translated digitial signal is called quantizing error.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-09-25 |title=Difference between Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) and Delta Modulation (DM) |url=https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-networks/difference-between-pulse-code-modulation-pcm-and-delta-modulation-dm/ |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=GeeksforGeeks |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Processes ===
1)Filtering

2)Sampling

3)Quantization

4)Encoding

==== 1)Sampling ====
Analog signal is sampled every T(sec).T(sec) is reffered to as the sampling interval.

&lt;math&gt;F_s=1/(t_s)
&lt;/math&gt;is called the sampling rate or sampling frequency.

there are 3 sampling methods.

'''1)Ideal'''

an impluse at each sampling instant

'''2)Natural'''

a pluse of short width with varying amplitude

'''3)Flattop''' 

sample and hold,like natural but with single amplitude value.

==== 2)Quantizing ====
The process of measuring the numerical values of the samples and giving them a table in a suitable scale.The finite number of amplitude intervals is called the quantizing interval like quantizing interval no.1 is 10-20mV;2 is 20-30mV etc. in a case of 1V signal.Linear quantizing is where the quantizing intervals are of the same size.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

Quantization intervals are coded in binary form, and so the quantization intervals will be in power of 2. In PCM bit code is used and so we can have 256 intervals for quantizing 128 levels the positive direction and 128 levels in negative direction.

===== Quantization Distortion =====
The deviation between the amplitude of sample set the transmitter and receiving ends. Linear quantization. The distortion is more into increase the distortion. The number of steps in the given amplitude range has to be increased. Due to BW limitations, more quantum levels in small magnitude region or planet results to non-linear uniform quantization.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Standards ===
There are two standards of PCM, namely, There are two standards of PCM, namely, the European standard, the American stand

1)the European standard,

2) the American standard.

They differ likely in the detail of their working, but the principles are the same.

a)European PCM= 30 channels.

b)North American PCM = 24 channels.

c) Japanese PCM = 24 channels

In India, we follow the European PCM of 30 channels system working.

==== Bit Rate and Bandwidth Requirements of PCM ====
The bit rate of PCM signal can be calculated form the number of bites per samples &lt;math&gt;*&lt;/math&gt;The sampling rate

Bite rate=&lt;math&gt;n_b*f_s&lt;/math&gt;

The bandwidth required to transmit. The signal depends on the type of line encoding used referred to previous section for discussion and formulas. A digital signal will always need more bandwidth than the original analog signal price pay for Robo bus sign other futures of digital transmission.

==== Advatages of PCM ====
a)Uniform transmission quality.

b)Compatibility of different classes of traffic in the network.

c)Integrated digital network.

d)Increased utilization of existing circuit.

e)Low manufacturing cost.

f)Good performance over very poor transmission paths.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pulse Code Modulation - an overview {{!}} ScienceDirect Topics |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/pulse-code-modulation |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=www.sciencedirect.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Reference ==</text>
      <sha1>3a0cf361q4jfvcloy30vyjw0xq1ld2t</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679174</id>
      <parentid>4679167</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:38:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RISHILPU</username>
        <id>3629676</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added One image of Quantizing.</comment>
      <origin>4679174</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4970" sha1="8tyuqg8zxoto97voppml7evr2xhofuv" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Pulse Code Modulation – PCM ==
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), also known as baseband transmission, converts an input analog signal into a digital format and transmits it over a digital communication channel.

It consists of the following:

Band-limiting the input analog signal Sampling Quantization Analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion Signal shaping.

[[File:Pcm-zh-cn.svg|thumb|289x289px|Pulse Code Modulation]]

=== Introduction ===
Analog Voice data must be translated into a series of binary digits before they can be transmitted.With Pulse Code Modulation,the amplitude of the sound wave is sampled at regular intervals and translated into a binary number.The difference between the original analog singnal and the translated digitial signal is called quantizing error.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2019-09-25 |title=Difference between Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) and Delta Modulation (DM) |url=https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/computer-networks/difference-between-pulse-code-modulation-pcm-and-delta-modulation-dm/ |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=GeeksforGeeks |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Processes ===
1)Filtering

2)Sampling

3)Quantization

4)Encoding

==== 1)Sampling ====
Analog signal is sampled every T(sec).T(sec) is reffered to as the sampling interval.

&lt;math&gt;F_s=1/(t_s)
&lt;/math&gt;is called the sampling rate or sampling frequency.

there are 3 sampling methods.

'''1)Ideal'''

an impluse at each sampling instant

'''2)Natural'''

a pluse of short width with varying amplitude

'''3)Flattop''' 

sample and hold,like natural but with single amplitude value.

==== 2)Quantizing ====
The process of measuring the numerical values of the samples and giving them a table in a suitable scale.The finite number of amplitude intervals is called the quantizing interval like quantizing interval no.1 is 10-20mV;2 is 20-30mV etc. in a case of 1V signal.Linear quantizing is where the quantizing intervals are of the same size.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;
[[File:Quantizer characteristic.png|thumb|Quantizing]]


Quantization intervals are coded in binary form, and so the quantization intervals will be in power of 2. In PCM bit code is used and so we can have 256 intervals for quantizing 128 levels the positive direction and 128 levels in negative direction.

===== Quantization Distortion =====
The deviation between the amplitude of sample set the transmitter and receiving ends. Linear quantization. The distortion is more into increase the distortion. The number of steps in the given amplitude range has to be increased. Due to BW limitations, more quantum levels in small magnitude region or planet results to non-linear uniform quantization.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |last=Faruque |first=Saleh |title=Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) |date=2015 |url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |work=Radio Frequency Source Coding Made Easy |pages=65–90 |editor-last=Faruque |editor-first=Saleh |access-date=2026-10-30 |place=Cham |publisher=Springer International Publishing |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-15609-5_4 |isbn=978-3-319-15609-5}}&lt;/ref&gt;

=== PCM Standards ===
There are two standards of PCM, namely, There are two standards of PCM, namely, the European standard, the American stand

1)the European standard,

2) the American standard.

They differ likely in the detail of their working, but the principles are the same.

a)European PCM= 30 channels.

b)North American PCM = 24 channels.

c) Japanese PCM = 24 channels

In India, we follow the European PCM of 30 channels system working.

==== Bit Rate and Bandwidth Requirements of PCM ====
The bit rate of PCM signal can be calculated form the number of bites per samples &lt;math&gt;*&lt;/math&gt;The sampling rate

Bite rate=&lt;math&gt;n_b*f_s&lt;/math&gt;

The bandwidth required to transmit. The signal depends on the type of line encoding used referred to previous section for discussion and formulas. A digital signal will always need more bandwidth than the original analog signal price pay for Robo bus sign other futures of digital transmission.

==== Advatages of PCM ====
a)Uniform transmission quality.

b)Compatibility of different classes of traffic in the network.

c)Integrated digital network.

d)Increased utilization of existing circuit.

e)Low manufacturing cost.

f)Good performance over very poor transmission paths.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |title=Pulse Code Modulation - an overview {{!}} ScienceDirect Topics |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/pulse-code-modulation |access-date=2026-10-30 |website=www.sciencedirect.com}}&lt;/ref&gt;

== Reference ==</text>
      <sha1>8tyuqg8zxoto97voppml7evr2xhofuv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:RISHILPU</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486627</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679131</id>
      <parentid>4678973</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:13:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RISHILPU</username>
        <id>3629676</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679131</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="253" sha1="jn7ah69yisn2rr5wyiieto9mtu1fqnt" xml:space="preserve">The sandbox is being created as part of the CA work for Pulse Code Modulation, where the current topic under discussion is Pulse Code Modulation (PCM).I intend to use it as an educational resource for students, as a textbook, not as an encyclopedic one.</text>
      <sha1>jn7ah69yisn2rr5wyiieto9mtu1fqnt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. Nc3/1...b5</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486628</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679022</id>
      <parentid>4678983</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T12:47:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
      <origin>4679022</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="192" sha1="a4eakmpixcwnfwq5rmit2r8nfgavdx6" xml:space="preserve">This gambit named Laroche gambit winning tempo of the knight c3. After 2. Nxb5 c6 3. Nc3 d5, black have good centre. But white's having an extra pawn and black have a bad position

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>a4eakmpixcwnfwq5rmit2r8nfgavdx6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. Nc3/1...c6</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486629</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679023</id>
      <parentid>4678988</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T12:47:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
      <origin>4679023</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="398" sha1="47npergo550w2nwjru6c4i0yq4iu2c0" xml:space="preserve">This defence for Black can transpose into the Caro-Cann defence after '''2. e4 d5''' or '''2. d4 d5 3. e4'''.
Also it can transpose into Rapport-Jobava after '''2. d4 d5 3. Bf4'''.
If you don't want to transpose into these openings, you can play '''2. b3!?''' to prepare for fiachettoing to the bishop. '''2... d5 3. e3 e5 4.Bb2''' is giving Black centre, but fianchettoing the bishop.

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>47npergo550w2nwjru6c4i0yq4iu2c0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Ruby Rupshikha Meher/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486630</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679024</id>
      <parentid>4678995</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T12:48:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Marking for speedy deletion: Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]</comment>
      <origin>4679024</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10573" sha1="m14rzdlpuk733v3a9bw6dc2tgj7ohw0" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
LI-FI (LIGHT FIDELITY)

INTRODUCTION

The need for better wireless connections has led to the creation of new communication technologies that use different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. One of these technologies is Light Fidelity, or Li-Fi.

This technology uses light to send digital information between devices. Unlike traditional wireless networks that use radio waves, Li-Fi uses light signals to connect devices. Light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, can be used as both light sources and data senders. This means that the lighting system in a room can also help send and receive information. Li-Fi is part of a field called optical wireless communication. It has become popular because it can offer fast internet speeds, minimize interference from radio waves, and work well in places where regular wireless systems might not be effective. Even though Li-Fi and Wi-Fi both help with connecting devices, they work in different ways and use different types of signals.

ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT

The idea of sending information using light has been around for a long time. However, improvements in semiconductor technology, especially in making efficient LEDs and better light sensors, have made using light for communication more realistic. The name Li-Fi became well known after Professor Harald Haas introduced the idea of using LED lighting for data transfer during a TED Global talk in 2011. His demo showed how normal light bulbs could be used to send digital information. After that, researchers worked on ways to make Li-Fi faster, improve how well receivers pick up signals, expand the area it can cover, and make it work with existing communication systems. The growth of international standards has also helped Li-Fi develop. IEEE 802.15.7 focuses on short-range optical communication, and IEEE 802.11bb-2023 helps expand wireless networks to include light-based communication.

FUDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF LI-FI

Li-Fi sends information by changing the brightness of a light source based on the data being sent. In a simple digital setup, the sender creates changes in light brightness that show binary data. These changes happen very quickly and are usually not seen by the human eye. At the receiving end, a light sensor picks up the light and changes it into an electrical signal. Electronic parts then process this signal to get the original data back.

The whole communication process has these steps:
I. Digital information is made by a computer or another electronic device.
II. This information is turned into an electrical signal that can be sent.
III. A control circuit manages the LED's brightness based on the signal.
IV. The LED creates a light signal that moves through the space around it.
V. A light sensor catches the light signal and turns it into an electrical current.
VI. The receiver processes the electrical signal to find the original data.
VII. This allows information to be sent through light without using radio waves.

ARCHITECTURE OF LI-FI COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A typical Li-Fi system has three main parts: a sender, a light path, and a receiver.

Sender part - The sender changes digital information into a form that can be sent using light.
Its main parts are:
- Data source: provides the information to send.
- Encoding and modulation circuit: prepares the data for sending.
- LED driver: controls the electricity going through the LED.
- LED light source: produces the light signal.
The light from the LED carries the information through changes in brightness.

Light path - The light path is the space between the light source and the light sensor. The signal can reach the sensor directly or after bouncing off walls, ceilings, or furniture. The quality of the light path depends on factors like the distance, how the sensor is facing, any obstacles, and other light sources.

Receiver part- The receiver turns the incoming light signal into an electrical signal that can be understood by electronic parts.
Its main parts are:
- Photodetector: creates an electrical current from the light.
- Transimpedance amplifier: increases the strength of the signal.
- Signal-processing circuit: processes the signal to get the original data back.
- Demodulator and decoder: extracts the data from the signal.

MODULATION TECHNIQUES USED IN LI-FI

Modulation is the process of showing information through controlled changes in a signal. In Li-Fi, modulation techniques are chosen based on the speed of data, light power, channel width, and the complexity of the system.

Some common techniques-

On-Off Keying (OOK) - On-Off Keying is a simple way to change light brightness to show information. In its basic form, one binary state is shown by light being on, while the other is shown by light being off or dim. OOK is easy to use and has been widely studied in light-based communication.

Variable Pulse Position Modulation (VPPM) - Variable Pulse Position Modulation shows information by changing the position and length of light pulses. This technique can be used for both sending data and providing light. It is especially useful in visible light communication systems where the average brightness must be kept steady.

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) - OFDM divides a fast data stream into several slower streams that are sent over many different signals. In light communication, special versions of OFDM can be used to send data through light sources that change brightness. This technique can make better use of light and help with certain kinds of signal issues, though it might make the system more complex.

ADVANTAGES OF LI-FI

Li-Fi has features that make it useful for certain wireless applications. High data transmission: Light-based communication can send data quickly when the right equipment and environment are used. Less radio interference: Since Li-Fi uses light, it doesn't create radio signals that can cause interference. Limited area use: Light usually can't go through walls, so communication is kept within a room or illuminated space. Use of existing lighting: Existing lights can be used for sending data, reducing the need for extra communication equipment. High connection density: Many light sources can send data in different areas, allowing more efficient use of space.

LIMITATIONS OF LI-FI

Even though Li-Fi has a lot of promise, it also has some technical and practical difficulties. One issue is that it can't go through solid objects. If there's something blocking the light path between the sender and the receiver, the signal might get cut off. Another challenge is that the signal only works where there's light. So, the connection might be limited to the area that's being lit up by the light source.

Li-Fi can also be affected by other lights. Strong sunlight or bright artificial lights can mess up the receiver if the system isn't built to ignore such interference. Moving around can be a problem too. If a user moves from one light source to another, they might lose connection unless there's a way to switch between the signals smoothly. Also, using Li-Fi requires special equipment. Devices need to have the right kind of lights and sensors to send and receive signals, which can make setting it up more expensive. All these problems mean that Li-Fi is usually seen as a helpful addition to regular wireless networks, not a complete replacement for them.

APPLICATIONS OF LI-FI

Indoor wireless communication - Li-Fi can offer internet access in indoor spaces like offices, schools, libraries, and homes. Lighting systems can be used as sources to send data to devices that are compatible with Li-Fi.

Healthcare environments - Using light for communication might be helpful in certain medical areas where radio waves could cause interference. However, whether Li-Fi is a good fit depends on the needs of the medical equipment and the specific use case.

Industrial communication - Li-Fi could be explored for communication between devices like sensors, machines, and monitoring systems in factories. The way light travels might be especially useful in places where radio signals are hard to use or not allowed.

Smart buildings - Li-Fi can be used with smart lighting systems to help with communication, automation, and managing buildings. These systems might use the same lights for illumination, sensing when people are in a room, and sending data.

Transportation Systems - Optical communication can also be used in transportation, like for sending messages between vehicles and road signs. Using vehicle lights for visible light communication and infrared light links are examples of ways that researchers are looking into for these uses.

STANDARDIZATION OF LI-FI

Standards help make sure that devices from different companies can work together.
IEEE 802.15.7 sets rules for short-range optical communication using visible light.
IEEE 802.11bb-2023 is a change to the Wi-Fi standard that supports light-based communication. These standards help connect optical communication with current networking systems. They also help set rules for communication and make it easier for devices to work with each other.

FUTURE SCOPE

The future of Li-Fi depends on better light-based parts, improved signal processing, network connections, and device compatibility. Researchers are looking into ways to increase speed, improve performance in different lighting conditions, and keep a connection when moving between light sources. Using Li-Fi with existing Wi-Fi could let both technologies work together, each used for the best situations. Advances in light-based devices and networks may expand Li-Fi use in indoors, industries, and more specialized areas.

CONCLUSION

Li-Fi is a new way to send data using light instead of radio waves. By using light sources, modulators, and light sensors, Li-Fi can send digital signals through light. Li-Fi can offer fewer radio signal problems, smaller area coverage, and use existing light systems. But it can also be affected by objects, other lights, and where the receiver is placed. More research and standardization may help implement Li-Fi better and let it work with traditional wireless systems.

REFERENCE

IEEE, IEEE 802.15.7: Short-Range Optical Wireless Communications.
IEEE, IEEE 802.11bb-2023: Light Communications.
Haas, H. (2011).
Wireless Data from Every Light Bulb. TED Global.
IEEE Spectrum, Wi-Fi Boosts New, Ultrafast Li-Fi Standards.
Telecommunications Engineering Centre, Government of India, Li-Fi Study Paper.</text>
      <sha1>m14rzdlpuk733v3a9bw6dc2tgj7ohw0</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679169</id>
      <parentid>4679024</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:29:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathsScienceNerd1</username>
        <id>3626296</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>+AI-suspected</comment>
      <origin>4679169</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10756" sha1="9pmynh8l6dz21hbah0dw4cf1ed5v946" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
{{AI-suspected|reason=The headings of the page are capitalised, and do not use equals signs. Furthermore, there seems to be a lot of bullet points in the text, and short sentences.}}
LI-FI (LIGHT FIDELITY)

INTRODUCTION

The need for better wireless connections has led to the creation of new communication technologies that use different parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. One of these technologies is Light Fidelity, or Li-Fi.

This technology uses light to send digital information between devices. Unlike traditional wireless networks that use radio waves, Li-Fi uses light signals to connect devices. Light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, can be used as both light sources and data senders. This means that the lighting system in a room can also help send and receive information. Li-Fi is part of a field called optical wireless communication. It has become popular because it can offer fast internet speeds, minimize interference from radio waves, and work well in places where regular wireless systems might not be effective. Even though Li-Fi and Wi-Fi both help with connecting devices, they work in different ways and use different types of signals.

ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT

The idea of sending information using light has been around for a long time. However, improvements in semiconductor technology, especially in making efficient LEDs and better light sensors, have made using light for communication more realistic. The name Li-Fi became well known after Professor Harald Haas introduced the idea of using LED lighting for data transfer during a TED Global talk in 2011. His demo showed how normal light bulbs could be used to send digital information. After that, researchers worked on ways to make Li-Fi faster, improve how well receivers pick up signals, expand the area it can cover, and make it work with existing communication systems. The growth of international standards has also helped Li-Fi develop. IEEE 802.15.7 focuses on short-range optical communication, and IEEE 802.11bb-2023 helps expand wireless networks to include light-based communication.

FUDAMENTAL PRINCIPLE OF LI-FI

Li-Fi sends information by changing the brightness of a light source based on the data being sent. In a simple digital setup, the sender creates changes in light brightness that show binary data. These changes happen very quickly and are usually not seen by the human eye. At the receiving end, a light sensor picks up the light and changes it into an electrical signal. Electronic parts then process this signal to get the original data back.

The whole communication process has these steps:
I. Digital information is made by a computer or another electronic device.
II. This information is turned into an electrical signal that can be sent.
III. A control circuit manages the LED's brightness based on the signal.
IV. The LED creates a light signal that moves through the space around it.
V. A light sensor catches the light signal and turns it into an electrical current.
VI. The receiver processes the electrical signal to find the original data.
VII. This allows information to be sent through light without using radio waves.

ARCHITECTURE OF LI-FI COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

A typical Li-Fi system has three main parts: a sender, a light path, and a receiver.

Sender part - The sender changes digital information into a form that can be sent using light.
Its main parts are:
- Data source: provides the information to send.
- Encoding and modulation circuit: prepares the data for sending.
- LED driver: controls the electricity going through the LED.
- LED light source: produces the light signal.
The light from the LED carries the information through changes in brightness.

Light path - The light path is the space between the light source and the light sensor. The signal can reach the sensor directly or after bouncing off walls, ceilings, or furniture. The quality of the light path depends on factors like the distance, how the sensor is facing, any obstacles, and other light sources.

Receiver part- The receiver turns the incoming light signal into an electrical signal that can be understood by electronic parts.
Its main parts are:
- Photodetector: creates an electrical current from the light.
- Transimpedance amplifier: increases the strength of the signal.
- Signal-processing circuit: processes the signal to get the original data back.
- Demodulator and decoder: extracts the data from the signal.

MODULATION TECHNIQUES USED IN LI-FI

Modulation is the process of showing information through controlled changes in a signal. In Li-Fi, modulation techniques are chosen based on the speed of data, light power, channel width, and the complexity of the system.

Some common techniques-

On-Off Keying (OOK) - On-Off Keying is a simple way to change light brightness to show information. In its basic form, one binary state is shown by light being on, while the other is shown by light being off or dim. OOK is easy to use and has been widely studied in light-based communication.

Variable Pulse Position Modulation (VPPM) - Variable Pulse Position Modulation shows information by changing the position and length of light pulses. This technique can be used for both sending data and providing light. It is especially useful in visible light communication systems where the average brightness must be kept steady.

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) - OFDM divides a fast data stream into several slower streams that are sent over many different signals. In light communication, special versions of OFDM can be used to send data through light sources that change brightness. This technique can make better use of light and help with certain kinds of signal issues, though it might make the system more complex.

ADVANTAGES OF LI-FI

Li-Fi has features that make it useful for certain wireless applications. High data transmission: Light-based communication can send data quickly when the right equipment and environment are used. Less radio interference: Since Li-Fi uses light, it doesn't create radio signals that can cause interference. Limited area use: Light usually can't go through walls, so communication is kept within a room or illuminated space. Use of existing lighting: Existing lights can be used for sending data, reducing the need for extra communication equipment. High connection density: Many light sources can send data in different areas, allowing more efficient use of space.

LIMITATIONS OF LI-FI

Even though Li-Fi has a lot of promise, it also has some technical and practical difficulties. One issue is that it can't go through solid objects. If there's something blocking the light path between the sender and the receiver, the signal might get cut off. Another challenge is that the signal only works where there's light. So, the connection might be limited to the area that's being lit up by the light source.

Li-Fi can also be affected by other lights. Strong sunlight or bright artificial lights can mess up the receiver if the system isn't built to ignore such interference. Moving around can be a problem too. If a user moves from one light source to another, they might lose connection unless there's a way to switch between the signals smoothly. Also, using Li-Fi requires special equipment. Devices need to have the right kind of lights and sensors to send and receive signals, which can make setting it up more expensive. All these problems mean that Li-Fi is usually seen as a helpful addition to regular wireless networks, not a complete replacement for them.

APPLICATIONS OF LI-FI

Indoor wireless communication - Li-Fi can offer internet access in indoor spaces like offices, schools, libraries, and homes. Lighting systems can be used as sources to send data to devices that are compatible with Li-Fi.

Healthcare environments - Using light for communication might be helpful in certain medical areas where radio waves could cause interference. However, whether Li-Fi is a good fit depends on the needs of the medical equipment and the specific use case.

Industrial communication - Li-Fi could be explored for communication between devices like sensors, machines, and monitoring systems in factories. The way light travels might be especially useful in places where radio signals are hard to use or not allowed.

Smart buildings - Li-Fi can be used with smart lighting systems to help with communication, automation, and managing buildings. These systems might use the same lights for illumination, sensing when people are in a room, and sending data.

Transportation Systems - Optical communication can also be used in transportation, like for sending messages between vehicles and road signs. Using vehicle lights for visible light communication and infrared light links are examples of ways that researchers are looking into for these uses.

STANDARDIZATION OF LI-FI

Standards help make sure that devices from different companies can work together.
IEEE 802.15.7 sets rules for short-range optical communication using visible light.
IEEE 802.11bb-2023 is a change to the Wi-Fi standard that supports light-based communication. These standards help connect optical communication with current networking systems. They also help set rules for communication and make it easier for devices to work with each other.

FUTURE SCOPE

The future of Li-Fi depends on better light-based parts, improved signal processing, network connections, and device compatibility. Researchers are looking into ways to increase speed, improve performance in different lighting conditions, and keep a connection when moving between light sources. Using Li-Fi with existing Wi-Fi could let both technologies work together, each used for the best situations. Advances in light-based devices and networks may expand Li-Fi use in indoors, industries, and more specialized areas.

CONCLUSION

Li-Fi is a new way to send data using light instead of radio waves. By using light sources, modulators, and light sensors, Li-Fi can send digital signals through light. Li-Fi can offer fewer radio signal problems, smaller area coverage, and use existing light systems. But it can also be affected by objects, other lights, and where the receiver is placed. More research and standardization may help implement Li-Fi better and let it work with traditional wireless systems.

REFERENCE

IEEE, IEEE 802.15.7: Short-Range Optical Wireless Communications.
IEEE, IEEE 802.11bb-2023: Light Communications.
Haas, H. (2011).
Wireless Data from Every Light Bulb. TED Global.
IEEE Spectrum, Wi-Fi Boosts New, Ultrafast Li-Fi Standards.
Telecommunications Engineering Centre, Government of India, Li-Fi Study Paper.</text>
      <sha1>9pmynh8l6dz21hbah0dw4cf1ed5v946</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Indian Cell Tower Radiation Norms</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486633</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679036</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T13:54:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bojja Mahesh Yadav</username>
        <id>3629813</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created a new book page about Indian Cell Tower Radiation Norms and added the introduction and table of contents</comment>
      <origin>4679036</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="674" sha1="luwpyzh103fhiinjv0rllyannsknixv" xml:space="preserve">== Indian Cell Tower Radiation Norms ==
This book gives information about radiation coming from mobile communication towers in India. Information on electromagnetic fields or EMF, radiation standards of the Indian government, radiation guidelines put forward by the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), how to measure radiation and awareness amongst the public is given

== Table of Contents ==
introduction to Cell Tower Radiation

Electromagnetic Fields (EMF)

Mobile Tower Radiation in India

Radiation Standards by Indian Government

Guidelines by Department of Telecommunications

Radiation Testing and Monitoring

Public Safety and Awareness

Conclusion

References</text>
      <sha1>luwpyzh103fhiinjv0rllyannsknixv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Bojja Mahesh Yadav/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486634</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679038</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T14:04:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Bojja Mahesh Yadav</username>
        <id>3629813</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created personal sandbox draft about Indian Cell Tower Radiation Norms</comment>
      <origin>4679038</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2058" sha1="fe7w0zvmnhhtivjpqexvoqdcsao4e0h" xml:space="preserve">== Indian Cell Tower Radiation Norms ==

=== Introduction ===
Mobile communication towers are necessary devices within wireless communications. They emit and receive radio frequency electromagnetic waves.

This book provides an overview of radiation standards, government regulations and monitoring procedures applied to mobile communication towers in India.

=== 1. Introduction to Cell Tower Radiation ===
Cell Towers send and receive RF signals using antennas.

=== 2. Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) ===
Radio Frequency fields used in mobile communications are non ionising radiation. They are produced by electrical and electronic devices.

=== 3. Mobile Tower Radiation in India ===
Mobile towers utilise RF signals. Mobile tower radiation is controlled within India using telecommunications regulations.

=== 4. Radiation Standards Within Government in India ===
There are electromagnetic field exposure limits put in place by the Department of Telecommunications for mobile base stations.

In 2012 stricter limitations were put into place in India and were set to one tenth of the ICNIRP limits.

=== 5. Guidelines from Department of Telecommunications ===
Telecom operators must adhere to the EMF exposure limits set by the Department of Telecommunications. This must be certified.

=== 6. Radiation Testing ===
The Department of Telecommunications perform testing to monitor that the limits are adhered to. Information on mobile towers and EMF can be found on the Tarang Sanchar website.

=== 7. Public Awareness ===
Public awareness will help individuals understand how much radiation is emitted from mobile towers, what exposure limits apply and how they’re monitored by the government.

=== 8. Conclusion ===
Radiation norms for cell towers in India set limits and monitoring of electromagnetic field emissions from mobile communication towers.

=== 9. References ===
[dot.gov.in](&lt;nowiki&gt;https://dot.gov.in/&lt;/nowiki&gt;)

[tarangsanchar.gov.in](&lt;nowiki&gt;https://tarangsanchar.gov.in/&lt;/nowiki&gt;)

[icnirp.org](&lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.icnirp.org/&lt;/nowiki&gt;)</text>
      <sha1>fe7w0zvmnhhtivjpqexvoqdcsao4e0h</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Raggghhh/Drone-to-Drone Networks</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486635</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679043</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T14:50:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raggghhh</username>
        <id>3626624</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>i am currently working on this page . this is for my ca.</comment>
      <origin>4679043</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23" sha1="34zx57wuedejwftit3kr7sz1s3wlupb" xml:space="preserve">drone to drone networks</text>
      <sha1>34zx57wuedejwftit3kr7sz1s3wlupb</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679178</id>
      <parentid>4679043</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:40:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raggghhh</username>
        <id>3626624</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679178</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23" sha1="eytlwti06s874hpqmwlh8nuqf8m4v2g" xml:space="preserve">{{delete|User request}}</text>
      <sha1>eytlwti06s874hpqmwlh8nuqf8m4v2g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:KENNYKEN815/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486636</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679046</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T16:22:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>KENNYKEN815</username>
        <id>3629825</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>This is my first draft of this .</comment>
      <origin>4679046</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7173" sha1="7lk12827j3cqs90wxoghb0ndn1tbao4" xml:space="preserve">== The Last Lie of the Brave Warrior ==

=== A One Piece theory: Is Usopp destined to die fulfilling his dream? ===
[[File:2023-07-13 11-10-37 ILCE-7C DSCHN1771 (53055112432).jpg|thumb|usopp]]
'''The Last Lie of the Brave Warrior''' is a fan theory concerning the possible fate of [[Usopp]], a member of the Straw Hat Pirates in the manga series ''[[One Piece]]'' by [[Eiichiro Oda]]. The theory proposes that Usopp may die during the final stages of the story after achieving his lifelong dream of becoming a brave warrior of the sea.

The theory draws parallels between Usopp and [[Mont Blanc Noland]], a historical explorer whose reputation as a liar forms an important part of the Skypiea Saga. It also examines the recurring narrative pattern in which Usopp's fictional stories eventually become reality.

== Background ==

=== Noland the Liar ===
In Chapter 227 of ''One Piece'', titled &quot;Noland the Liar&quot;, the Straw Hat Pirates discover a children's picture book about Mont Blanc Noland.

According to the story, Noland was an explorer who claimed to have discovered an island containing a mountain of gold. When the king travelled with him to verify his claims, they found only a jungle. Noland was subsequently sentenced to death for lying.

The book concludes by portraying Noland as a man who continued lying until his death.

However, the actual history revealed during the Skypiea Saga contradicts this account. Noland had genuinely discovered the City of Gold, Shandora. The city was later carried into the sky by a Knock Up Stream, leaving the island apparently empty when the king returned.

Consequently, Noland was remembered as a liar despite having told the truth.

=== The connection to Usopp ===
Usopp is the Straw Hat Pirates' sniper. He is known for his exaggerated stories, inventions, and tendency to lie, particularly when frightened.

His most important personal ambition is to become a brave warrior of the sea. This ambition is repeatedly demonstrated throughout the series, especially through his admiration for the giants of Elbaph.

Unlike the other Straw Hat Pirates, Usopp's character development is closely associated with overcoming fear rather than simply becoming physically stronger.

The official One Piece character profile also describes his aspiration to become a brave warrior of the sea and his gradual progress towards that goal.

== The theory ==

=== The parallel between Noland and Usopp ===
One of the most interesting connections appears immediately after the story of Noland is introduced.

Luffy comments that Noland died without ever becoming a brave warrior of the sea.

This statement creates an interesting narrative connection with Usopp, whose greatest ambition is precisely to become one.

Both characters are associated with extraordinary stories that other people struggle to believe. Noland was branded a liar despite telling the truth, while Usopp frequently invents stories that gradually become reality.

The theory proposes that Oda may have deliberately introduced this parallel to establish a possible contrast between the two characters.

Noland died with his reputation destroyed. Usopp, however, may eventually become the person Noland never had the opportunity to become.

=== Usopp's lies becoming reality ===
A recurring characteristic of Usopp's storytelling is that many of his fictional claims eventually acquire real counterparts in the story.

Examples include:

* **The giant goldfish:** Usopp once told the Little Garden giants about a giant goldfish with islands in its stomach. A creature resembling this story later appeared during the Straw Hats' journey through the Grand Line.
* **The legendary warrior:** Usopp frequently tells stories about becoming a great and powerful warrior. His encounters with the giants of Elbaph increasingly connect his fictional identity with his actual ambition.
* **The army of followers:** Usopp exaggeratedly claimed to command thousands of followers. During the Dressrosa incident, thousands of people became connected to him through the Straw Hat Grand Fleet.

These examples establish a recurring narrative pattern in which Usopp's lies gradually acquire elements of truth.

The theory suggests that his final lie could be the most significant one of all.

=== The possibility of a heroic death ===
If the parallels with Noland are intentional, Usopp's eventual fate could represent a reversal of Noland's tragedy.

Noland was remembered as a liar and died without receiving recognition for his courage and discoveries.

Usopp may experience the opposite outcome. He could face an overwhelming enemy during the final conflict, overcome his fear, and perform an act of extraordinary bravery to protect his companions.

His final actions might establish him as a genuine brave warrior of the sea.

The most tragic interpretation of this theory is that Usopp may sacrifice his life during this moment.

His death would not necessarily represent failure. Instead, it could symbolize the completion of a journey that began with a frightened boy telling imaginary stories in Syrup Village.

== Counterarguments ==
There are several reasons why this theory may not become reality.

* Usopp's dream does not necessarily require his death. He could become a brave warrior through surviving the final conflict.
* His reunion with his father, Yasopp, remains an important unresolved aspect of his character.
* The recurring transformation of his lies into reality could be intended as a comedic and inspirational storytelling device rather than foreshadowing his death.
* Noland's story may simply serve as a thematic parallel about truth, reputation, and the consequences of being misunderstood.

Furthermore, the connection between Noland and Usopp does not establish that their stories must end in the same way.

== Conclusion ==
The possibility of Usopp dying after achieving his dream remains speculative. Nevertheless, the parallels between his character and Mont Blanc Noland provide an interesting interpretation of the Skypiea Saga.

Perhaps the most important distinction between the two characters is that Noland was unable to become the brave warrior Luffy described, whereas Usopp has an entire journey dedicated to achieving that very ambition.

Whether Usopp survives the final conflict or sacrifices himself, his ultimate victory may not be measured by his strength, but by the courage he demonstrates when fear is at its greatest.

'''The boy who once lied about being brave may eventually become the bravest man in the world.'''

== References ==

* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Chapter 23 – &quot;Captain Usopp&quot;.
* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Chapter 227 – &quot;Noland the Liar&quot;.
* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Chapters 228–229 – The Noland legend and its historical truth.
* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Chapters 300–301 – The revelation of Shandora and the City of Gold.
* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Dressrosa Arc – Usopp and the formation of the Straw Hat Grand Fleet.

''This article presents an original fan interpretation of events in One Piece. It is not an officially confirmed prediction or statement by Eiichiro Oda.''</text>
      <sha1>7lk12827j3cqs90wxoghb0ndn1tbao4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679107</id>
      <parentid>4679046</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:46:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Requesting deletion ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]] v3.1d)</comment>
      <origin>4679107</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7302" sha1="tsk5q0ax16dxhk6n4daocujsmbel5m7" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{delete|1=Out of project scope &lt;small&gt;[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]]&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
== The Last Lie of the Brave Warrior ==

=== A One Piece theory: Is Usopp destined to die fulfilling his dream? ===
[[File:2023-07-13 11-10-37 ILCE-7C DSCHN1771 (53055112432).jpg|thumb|usopp]]
'''The Last Lie of the Brave Warrior''' is a fan theory concerning the possible fate of [[Usopp]], a member of the Straw Hat Pirates in the manga series ''[[One Piece]]'' by [[Eiichiro Oda]]. The theory proposes that Usopp may die during the final stages of the story after achieving his lifelong dream of becoming a brave warrior of the sea.

The theory draws parallels between Usopp and [[Mont Blanc Noland]], a historical explorer whose reputation as a liar forms an important part of the Skypiea Saga. It also examines the recurring narrative pattern in which Usopp's fictional stories eventually become reality.

== Background ==

=== Noland the Liar ===
In Chapter 227 of ''One Piece'', titled &quot;Noland the Liar&quot;, the Straw Hat Pirates discover a children's picture book about Mont Blanc Noland.

According to the story, Noland was an explorer who claimed to have discovered an island containing a mountain of gold. When the king travelled with him to verify his claims, they found only a jungle. Noland was subsequently sentenced to death for lying.

The book concludes by portraying Noland as a man who continued lying until his death.

However, the actual history revealed during the Skypiea Saga contradicts this account. Noland had genuinely discovered the City of Gold, Shandora. The city was later carried into the sky by a Knock Up Stream, leaving the island apparently empty when the king returned.

Consequently, Noland was remembered as a liar despite having told the truth.

=== The connection to Usopp ===
Usopp is the Straw Hat Pirates' sniper. He is known for his exaggerated stories, inventions, and tendency to lie, particularly when frightened.

His most important personal ambition is to become a brave warrior of the sea. This ambition is repeatedly demonstrated throughout the series, especially through his admiration for the giants of Elbaph.

Unlike the other Straw Hat Pirates, Usopp's character development is closely associated with overcoming fear rather than simply becoming physically stronger.

The official One Piece character profile also describes his aspiration to become a brave warrior of the sea and his gradual progress towards that goal.

== The theory ==

=== The parallel between Noland and Usopp ===
One of the most interesting connections appears immediately after the story of Noland is introduced.

Luffy comments that Noland died without ever becoming a brave warrior of the sea.

This statement creates an interesting narrative connection with Usopp, whose greatest ambition is precisely to become one.

Both characters are associated with extraordinary stories that other people struggle to believe. Noland was branded a liar despite telling the truth, while Usopp frequently invents stories that gradually become reality.

The theory proposes that Oda may have deliberately introduced this parallel to establish a possible contrast between the two characters.

Noland died with his reputation destroyed. Usopp, however, may eventually become the person Noland never had the opportunity to become.

=== Usopp's lies becoming reality ===
A recurring characteristic of Usopp's storytelling is that many of his fictional claims eventually acquire real counterparts in the story.

Examples include:

* **The giant goldfish:** Usopp once told the Little Garden giants about a giant goldfish with islands in its stomach. A creature resembling this story later appeared during the Straw Hats' journey through the Grand Line.
* **The legendary warrior:** Usopp frequently tells stories about becoming a great and powerful warrior. His encounters with the giants of Elbaph increasingly connect his fictional identity with his actual ambition.
* **The army of followers:** Usopp exaggeratedly claimed to command thousands of followers. During the Dressrosa incident, thousands of people became connected to him through the Straw Hat Grand Fleet.

These examples establish a recurring narrative pattern in which Usopp's lies gradually acquire elements of truth.

The theory suggests that his final lie could be the most significant one of all.

=== The possibility of a heroic death ===
If the parallels with Noland are intentional, Usopp's eventual fate could represent a reversal of Noland's tragedy.

Noland was remembered as a liar and died without receiving recognition for his courage and discoveries.

Usopp may experience the opposite outcome. He could face an overwhelming enemy during the final conflict, overcome his fear, and perform an act of extraordinary bravery to protect his companions.

His final actions might establish him as a genuine brave warrior of the sea.

The most tragic interpretation of this theory is that Usopp may sacrifice his life during this moment.

His death would not necessarily represent failure. Instead, it could symbolize the completion of a journey that began with a frightened boy telling imaginary stories in Syrup Village.

== Counterarguments ==
There are several reasons why this theory may not become reality.

* Usopp's dream does not necessarily require his death. He could become a brave warrior through surviving the final conflict.
* His reunion with his father, Yasopp, remains an important unresolved aspect of his character.
* The recurring transformation of his lies into reality could be intended as a comedic and inspirational storytelling device rather than foreshadowing his death.
* Noland's story may simply serve as a thematic parallel about truth, reputation, and the consequences of being misunderstood.

Furthermore, the connection between Noland and Usopp does not establish that their stories must end in the same way.

== Conclusion ==
The possibility of Usopp dying after achieving his dream remains speculative. Nevertheless, the parallels between his character and Mont Blanc Noland provide an interesting interpretation of the Skypiea Saga.

Perhaps the most important distinction between the two characters is that Noland was unable to become the brave warrior Luffy described, whereas Usopp has an entire journey dedicated to achieving that very ambition.

Whether Usopp survives the final conflict or sacrifices himself, his ultimate victory may not be measured by his strength, but by the courage he demonstrates when fear is at its greatest.

'''The boy who once lied about being brave may eventually become the bravest man in the world.'''

== References ==

* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Chapter 23 – &quot;Captain Usopp&quot;.
* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Chapter 227 – &quot;Noland the Liar&quot;.
* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Chapters 228–229 – The Noland legend and its historical truth.
* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Chapters 300–301 – The revelation of Shandora and the City of Gold.
* Oda, Eiichiro. ''One Piece'', Dressrosa Arc – Usopp and the formation of the Straw Hat Grand Fleet.

''This article presents an original fan interpretation of events in One Piece. It is not an officially confirmed prediction or statement by Eiichiro Oda.''</text>
      <sha1>tsk5q0ax16dxhk6n4daocujsmbel5m7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:PinkMan2605/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486637</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679051</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T17:01:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>PinkMan2605</username>
        <id>3629826</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot; = DARK: The Unanswered Questions of Winden = [[File:DarkLogo.png|center|450x450px|The logo of the German science-fiction television series Dark.]] ''A speculative analysis of time, identity, causality, parallel worlds and the mysteries of Winden.''  '''Dark: The Unanswered Questions of Winden''' examines the philosophical and narrative mysteries of the German science-fiction television series ''Dark'' (2017–2020), created by Baran bo Odar and Jantje Friese.  The serie...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679051</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14862" sha1="bvzmirwhrjem6f9ah8go8c6yulqohvx" xml:space="preserve">
= DARK: The Unanswered Questions of Winden =
[[File:DarkLogo.png|center|450x450px|The logo of the German science-fiction television series Dark.]]
''A speculative analysis of time, identity, causality, parallel worlds and the mysteries of Winden.''

'''Dark: The Unanswered Questions of Winden''' examines the philosophical and narrative mysteries of the German science-fiction television series ''Dark'' (2017–2020), created by Baran bo Odar and Jantje Friese.

The series explores time travel, interconnected family histories, parallel realities and the consequences of attempting to change the past.

This article examines the disappearance of Mikkel Nielsen, the relationship between Jonas Kahnwald and Martha Nielsen, the opposing philosophies of Adam and Eva, and the ultimate origin of the two interconnected worlds.

It also presents speculative interpretations of the questions left open by the series.

''Warning: This article contains major spoilers for all three seasons.''

== 1. The Disappearances That Began the Mystery ==

=== Mads Nielsen: The Earlier Disappearance ===
In 1986, Mads Nielsen, the younger brother of Ulrich Nielsen, mysteriously disappears in Winden.

His disappearance becomes one of the central unresolved tragedies affecting the Nielsen family.

Decades later, his body appears in 2019, even though he has not aged.

The explanation involves experiments conducted by Noah and Helge Doppler using a prototype time machine.

Mads is one of the children killed during these experiments.

His disappearance demonstrates that the time-travel phenomenon has been affecting Winden for decades.

=== Mikkel Nielsen: The Child Who Became His Own Family's Past ===
In November 2019, Mikkel Nielsen disappears near the Winden caves.

Instead of dying, he travels through a passage connecting 2019 to 1986.

Unable to return home, Mikkel grows up in the past under the identity Michael Kahnwald.

He marries Hannah and becomes the father of Jonas Kahnwald.

This creates a causal paradox.

Jonas exists because Mikkel travels into the past, yet Jonas himself participates in the events that ensure Mikkel travels into the past.

'''The central question:'''

Was Mikkel's disappearance an accident, or was it always necessary for Jonas to exist?

=== Theory: The Disappearance Was a Requirement of the Knot ===
One interpretation is that Mikkel's disappearance was not merely an unfortunate event.

It was a necessary component of the interconnected timeline.

If Mikkel had never travelled to 1986, Michael Kahnwald would not have existed.

Without Michael, Jonas would never have been born.

Without Jonas, Adam would not exist, and the events sustaining the knot would unfold differently.

This suggests that Mikkel's disappearance was one of the essential causal conditions sustaining the two worlds.

== 2. Jonas and Martha: The Mirrored Destinies ==
[[File:Triquetra-Interlaced-Triangle-Circle.svg|right|thumb|230x230px|A triquetra, representing interconnected cycles. The symbol provides a visual analogy for the knot connecting the worlds.]]
Jonas Kahnwald and Martha Nielsen are among the most important characters in ''Dark''.

Their relationship connects the two alternate worlds.

In Adam's world, Jonas becomes increasingly obsessed with ending the cycle.

In Eva's world, Martha becomes determined to preserve it.

Although they begin as young people struggling to understand their circumstances, they eventually develop opposing philosophies.

=== Jonas: From Hope to Destruction ===
Jonas initially believes that time travel offers the possibility of preventing tragedy.

He attempts to save his father, protect Martha and prevent the apocalypse.

However, his actions repeatedly contribute to the events he wishes to prevent.

Over time, he becomes Adam.

Adam believes that the knot itself must be destroyed.

His philosophy emerges from the suffering caused by repeatedly experiencing the same events.

=== Martha: From Love to Preservation ===
The alternate-world Martha undergoes a journey that mirrors Jonas's development.

She eventually becomes Eva.

Unlike Adam, Eva believes the knot must continue to exist.

She manipulates events to preserve the interconnected histories of the two worlds.

Her motivation is closely connected to the survival of her son and the people whose existence depends on the knot.

=== Theory: Adam and Eva Are Not True Opposites ===
Adam represents destruction.

Eva represents preservation.

However, both characters use manipulation, secrecy and sacrifice to achieve their objectives.

Both believe that their knowledge gives them the ability to determine the future.

Neither fully understands the origin of the two worlds.

Their apparent opposition therefore conceals a deeper similarity.

'''Both are attempting to control a system that has already shaped their identities.'''

== 3. The Unknown: The Child of Two Worlds ==
The unnamed son of Jonas and alternate-world Martha is one of the most important characters in the series.

Commonly called the Unknown, he appears simultaneously as a child, an adult and an elderly man.

The three versions work together to maintain events essential to the knot.

The Unknown fathers Tronte Nielsen with Agnes Nielsen, creating an important ancestral connection within the Nielsen family.

Through this relationship, the family histories of Jonas and Martha become causally intertwined.

=== The Ancestry Paradox ===
The Unknown is descended from Jonas and Martha.

However, his descendants are also ancestors of Jonas and Martha.

This creates a circular family structure with no conventional beginning inside the knot.

The Unknown therefore represents more than a child born from two individuals.

He is a living consequence of the paradox that sustains their existence.

=== Theory: The Unknown Is a Human Representation of the Knot ===
The Unknown appears in three stages of life together.

Unlike many characters who experience time travel as a journey between different periods, he is repeatedly presented as a coordinated group of his own younger and older selves.

This unusual presentation may symbolise the absence of a conventional beginning or end.

He is both a consequence of the knot and one of the individuals responsible for maintaining it.

His existence raises a philosophical question:

Can a person have an independent identity when their entire existence depends on a circular chain of events?

== 4. Adam and Eva: The Illusion of Controlling Time ==
[[File:Hourglass.svg|left|thumb|267x267px|An hourglass symbolising the passage of time and the recurring cycles explored in Dark.]]
Adam and Eva appear to possess extraordinary control over the events of their respective worlds.

They know about future events and use time-travel technology to influence the decisions of others.

Adam directs Sic Mundus, while Eva leads Erit Lux.

Both organisations attempt to shape the course of events.

However, knowing the future does not necessarily mean controlling it.

=== The Bootstrap Paradox ===
A bootstrap paradox occurs when information, an object or an event exists within a causal loop without a conventional point of origin.

''Dark'' repeatedly uses this concept.

Characters receive information from future versions of themselves and later pass that same information into the past.

The result is a closed causal structure.

=== Theory: Knowledge Is Not Freedom ===
Adam and Eva possess knowledge that ordinary characters do not.

Yet both remain trapped by the consequences of their own actions.

Their attempts to change or preserve the future repeatedly reproduce the events they expect.

This suggests that their apparent control is largely an illusion.

They may understand the rules of the knot without understanding how to escape it.

== 5. Claudia Tiedemann: The Person Who Understood the Origin ==
Claudia Tiedemann plays a central role in uncovering the truth about the two worlds.

Unlike Adam and Eva, who focus on destroying or preserving the knot, Claudia eventually investigates its underlying origin.

She discovers that the two worlds were created through an experiment conducted in a third reality.

This reality is known as the origin world.

=== The Experiment of H. G. Tannhaus ===
In the origin world, H. G. Tannhaus loses his son Marek, daughter-in-law Sonja and granddaughter Charlotte in a car accident.

Devastated by their deaths, he attempts to construct a machine capable of changing the past.

Instead, his experiment creates two interconnected worlds.

The existence of Jonas, Martha and numerous other characters depends on this event.

=== Theory: Claudia's Greatest Discovery Was a Different Question ===
Adam asks how the knot can be destroyed.

Eva asks how the knot can be preserved.

Claudia eventually investigates why the knot exists.

This difference in perspective allows her to identify a possible solution that neither Adam nor Eva has successfully pursued.

Her discovery suggests that escaping a paradox may require understanding its external cause rather than attempting to manipulate events inside it.

== 6. The Three Worlds and Their Different Roles ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!World
!Central figure
!Narrative role
|-
|Adam's World
|Jonas / Adam
|Attempts to destroy the knot
|-
|Eva's World
|Martha / Eva
|Attempts to preserve the knot
|-
|Origin World
|H. G. Tannhaus
|Contains the event that creates the two interconnected worlds
|}
The two alternate worlds are not simply independent universes.

Their existence results from the experiment in the origin world.

This distinction becomes essential to understanding the ending.

== 7. The Final Intervention ==
In the final episode, Jonas and Martha travel to the origin world.

Their objective is to prevent the accident that causes Tannhaus to construct his machine.

They encounter Marek and his family before the fatal journey.

Their intervention prevents the accident.

As a result, Tannhaus never has the motivation to perform the experiment.

The two alternate worlds disappear.

Jonas and Martha also disappear because their existence depends on the worlds created by the experiment.

=== The Paradox of the Ending ===
The ending introduces an intriguing philosophical question.

If Jonas and Martha prevent the creation of their worlds, how can they exist long enough to prevent the accident?

One interpretation is that the intervention occurs outside the ordinary causal structure of the knot.

Another interpretation is that the series intentionally uses a paradox to demonstrate that the origin world operates according to different causal conditions.

The ending resolves the emotional narrative while leaving room for philosophical debate about causality.

== 8. Did Jonas and Martha Truly Disappear? ==
The final scene takes place in the origin world.

Several surviving characters gather for dinner.

Hannah experiences a feeling of deja vu and later suggests the name Jonas for her unborn child.

This moment invites multiple interpretations.

=== Interpretation One: A Symbolic Memory ===
The scene may symbolise the emotional traces of events that no longer exist.

Although Jonas and Martha have disappeared, their story remains meaningful to the audience.

The name Jonas may represent the persistence of an idea rather than the literal survival of a person.

=== Interpretation Two: The Echo of Another Reality ===
An alternative fan interpretation is that the origin world retains subtle echoes of the erased worlds.

Under this interpretation, deja vu represents an unexplained connection between realities.

However, the series does not confirm that the erased worlds continue to exist.

The suggestion remains speculative.

=== Interpretation Three: A Philosophical Ending ===
The final scene may simply invite viewers to consider whether human experiences can possess meaning even when they are erased from history.

Jonas and Martha no longer exist, but their actions prevent a tragedy.

Their existence becomes meaningful precisely because they choose to sacrifice it.

== 9. The Central Question: Was Everything Inevitable? ==
[[File:Triquetra-Vesica.svg|right|thumb|200x200px|A three-part interwoven symbol used here as an illustration of interconnected causes and consequences.]]
Throughout ''Dark'', characters repeatedly insist that everything is connected.

Their choices seem to lead inevitably towards events that have already occurred.

This raises the question of whether free will can exist in a deterministic universe.

Three interpretations are possible:

* '''Strict determinism:''' Every event is fixed, and individual decisions cannot alter the timeline.
* '''Limited free will:''' Characters make genuine decisions, but those decisions remain part of an established causal structure.
* '''Freedom through external intervention:''' The knot cannot be changed from within, but its creation can be prevented through action in the origin world.

The final interpretation is particularly relevant to the series finale.

Jonas and Martha cannot simply change their own histories.

They must intervene in the world responsible for creating those histories.

== 10. Conclusion: The Tragedy of Knowing Too Much ==
''Dark'' is not merely a story about travelling through time.

It is a story about grief, identity, inherited suffering and the desire to control events that cannot be fully understood.

Mikkel's disappearance creates Jonas.

Jonas becomes Adam.

Alternate Martha becomes Eva.

Their relationship creates the Unknown, whose existence contributes to the circular ancestry of the Nielsen family.

Adam and Eva attempt to control the knot, while Claudia discovers the reality responsible for its creation.

Ultimately, Jonas and Martha prevent the tragedy that created their worlds.

Their final act does not save their own existence.

Instead, it saves people who would otherwise have died in the origin world.

The greatest irony of ''Dark'' may therefore be that its central characters achieve freedom only by accepting that they cannot continue to exist.

'''Everything is connected. But perhaps not everything was meant to exist.'''

== References and Further Reading ==

* ''Dark'' (2017–2020), created by Baran bo Odar and Jantje Friese.
* Season 1: Mikkel Nielsen's disappearance, the Winden caves and the discovery of time travel.
* Season 2: Adam, Sic Mundus and the development of the causal knot.
* Season 3: Eva's world, the Unknown, Claudia's discovery and the origin world.
* Series finale: &quot;The Paradise&quot;, Season 3, Episode 8.
* Wikimedia Commons: DarkLogo.png.
* Wikimedia Commons: Triquetra-Interlaced-Triangle-Circle.svg.
* Wikimedia Commons: Hourglass.svg.

----''This article is an original fan analysis of the fictional events in Dark. Speculative interpretations are distinguished from events established by the television series.''</text>
      <sha1>bvzmirwhrjem6f9ah8go8c6yulqohvx</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679106</id>
      <parentid>4679051</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:46:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Requesting deletion ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]] v3.1d)</comment>
      <origin>4679106</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14991" sha1="4nrh3w8gc1o06h5c75q7avtgzaanmtj" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{delete|1=Out of project scope &lt;small&gt;[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]]&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

= DARK: The Unanswered Questions of Winden =
[[File:DarkLogo.png|center|450x450px|The logo of the German science-fiction television series Dark.]]
''A speculative analysis of time, identity, causality, parallel worlds and the mysteries of Winden.''

'''Dark: The Unanswered Questions of Winden''' examines the philosophical and narrative mysteries of the German science-fiction television series ''Dark'' (2017–2020), created by Baran bo Odar and Jantje Friese.

The series explores time travel, interconnected family histories, parallel realities and the consequences of attempting to change the past.

This article examines the disappearance of Mikkel Nielsen, the relationship between Jonas Kahnwald and Martha Nielsen, the opposing philosophies of Adam and Eva, and the ultimate origin of the two interconnected worlds.

It also presents speculative interpretations of the questions left open by the series.

''Warning: This article contains major spoilers for all three seasons.''

== 1. The Disappearances That Began the Mystery ==

=== Mads Nielsen: The Earlier Disappearance ===
In 1986, Mads Nielsen, the younger brother of Ulrich Nielsen, mysteriously disappears in Winden.

His disappearance becomes one of the central unresolved tragedies affecting the Nielsen family.

Decades later, his body appears in 2019, even though he has not aged.

The explanation involves experiments conducted by Noah and Helge Doppler using a prototype time machine.

Mads is one of the children killed during these experiments.

His disappearance demonstrates that the time-travel phenomenon has been affecting Winden for decades.

=== Mikkel Nielsen: The Child Who Became His Own Family's Past ===
In November 2019, Mikkel Nielsen disappears near the Winden caves.

Instead of dying, he travels through a passage connecting 2019 to 1986.

Unable to return home, Mikkel grows up in the past under the identity Michael Kahnwald.

He marries Hannah and becomes the father of Jonas Kahnwald.

This creates a causal paradox.

Jonas exists because Mikkel travels into the past, yet Jonas himself participates in the events that ensure Mikkel travels into the past.

'''The central question:'''

Was Mikkel's disappearance an accident, or was it always necessary for Jonas to exist?

=== Theory: The Disappearance Was a Requirement of the Knot ===
One interpretation is that Mikkel's disappearance was not merely an unfortunate event.

It was a necessary component of the interconnected timeline.

If Mikkel had never travelled to 1986, Michael Kahnwald would not have existed.

Without Michael, Jonas would never have been born.

Without Jonas, Adam would not exist, and the events sustaining the knot would unfold differently.

This suggests that Mikkel's disappearance was one of the essential causal conditions sustaining the two worlds.

== 2. Jonas and Martha: The Mirrored Destinies ==
[[File:Triquetra-Interlaced-Triangle-Circle.svg|right|thumb|230x230px|A triquetra, representing interconnected cycles. The symbol provides a visual analogy for the knot connecting the worlds.]]
Jonas Kahnwald and Martha Nielsen are among the most important characters in ''Dark''.

Their relationship connects the two alternate worlds.

In Adam's world, Jonas becomes increasingly obsessed with ending the cycle.

In Eva's world, Martha becomes determined to preserve it.

Although they begin as young people struggling to understand their circumstances, they eventually develop opposing philosophies.

=== Jonas: From Hope to Destruction ===
Jonas initially believes that time travel offers the possibility of preventing tragedy.

He attempts to save his father, protect Martha and prevent the apocalypse.

However, his actions repeatedly contribute to the events he wishes to prevent.

Over time, he becomes Adam.

Adam believes that the knot itself must be destroyed.

His philosophy emerges from the suffering caused by repeatedly experiencing the same events.

=== Martha: From Love to Preservation ===
The alternate-world Martha undergoes a journey that mirrors Jonas's development.

She eventually becomes Eva.

Unlike Adam, Eva believes the knot must continue to exist.

She manipulates events to preserve the interconnected histories of the two worlds.

Her motivation is closely connected to the survival of her son and the people whose existence depends on the knot.

=== Theory: Adam and Eva Are Not True Opposites ===
Adam represents destruction.

Eva represents preservation.

However, both characters use manipulation, secrecy and sacrifice to achieve their objectives.

Both believe that their knowledge gives them the ability to determine the future.

Neither fully understands the origin of the two worlds.

Their apparent opposition therefore conceals a deeper similarity.

'''Both are attempting to control a system that has already shaped their identities.'''

== 3. The Unknown: The Child of Two Worlds ==
The unnamed son of Jonas and alternate-world Martha is one of the most important characters in the series.

Commonly called the Unknown, he appears simultaneously as a child, an adult and an elderly man.

The three versions work together to maintain events essential to the knot.

The Unknown fathers Tronte Nielsen with Agnes Nielsen, creating an important ancestral connection within the Nielsen family.

Through this relationship, the family histories of Jonas and Martha become causally intertwined.

=== The Ancestry Paradox ===
The Unknown is descended from Jonas and Martha.

However, his descendants are also ancestors of Jonas and Martha.

This creates a circular family structure with no conventional beginning inside the knot.

The Unknown therefore represents more than a child born from two individuals.

He is a living consequence of the paradox that sustains their existence.

=== Theory: The Unknown Is a Human Representation of the Knot ===
The Unknown appears in three stages of life together.

Unlike many characters who experience time travel as a journey between different periods, he is repeatedly presented as a coordinated group of his own younger and older selves.

This unusual presentation may symbolise the absence of a conventional beginning or end.

He is both a consequence of the knot and one of the individuals responsible for maintaining it.

His existence raises a philosophical question:

Can a person have an independent identity when their entire existence depends on a circular chain of events?

== 4. Adam and Eva: The Illusion of Controlling Time ==
[[File:Hourglass.svg|left|thumb|267x267px|An hourglass symbolising the passage of time and the recurring cycles explored in Dark.]]
Adam and Eva appear to possess extraordinary control over the events of their respective worlds.

They know about future events and use time-travel technology to influence the decisions of others.

Adam directs Sic Mundus, while Eva leads Erit Lux.

Both organisations attempt to shape the course of events.

However, knowing the future does not necessarily mean controlling it.

=== The Bootstrap Paradox ===
A bootstrap paradox occurs when information, an object or an event exists within a causal loop without a conventional point of origin.

''Dark'' repeatedly uses this concept.

Characters receive information from future versions of themselves and later pass that same information into the past.

The result is a closed causal structure.

=== Theory: Knowledge Is Not Freedom ===
Adam and Eva possess knowledge that ordinary characters do not.

Yet both remain trapped by the consequences of their own actions.

Their attempts to change or preserve the future repeatedly reproduce the events they expect.

This suggests that their apparent control is largely an illusion.

They may understand the rules of the knot without understanding how to escape it.

== 5. Claudia Tiedemann: The Person Who Understood the Origin ==
Claudia Tiedemann plays a central role in uncovering the truth about the two worlds.

Unlike Adam and Eva, who focus on destroying or preserving the knot, Claudia eventually investigates its underlying origin.

She discovers that the two worlds were created through an experiment conducted in a third reality.

This reality is known as the origin world.

=== The Experiment of H. G. Tannhaus ===
In the origin world, H. G. Tannhaus loses his son Marek, daughter-in-law Sonja and granddaughter Charlotte in a car accident.

Devastated by their deaths, he attempts to construct a machine capable of changing the past.

Instead, his experiment creates two interconnected worlds.

The existence of Jonas, Martha and numerous other characters depends on this event.

=== Theory: Claudia's Greatest Discovery Was a Different Question ===
Adam asks how the knot can be destroyed.

Eva asks how the knot can be preserved.

Claudia eventually investigates why the knot exists.

This difference in perspective allows her to identify a possible solution that neither Adam nor Eva has successfully pursued.

Her discovery suggests that escaping a paradox may require understanding its external cause rather than attempting to manipulate events inside it.

== 6. The Three Worlds and Their Different Roles ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!World
!Central figure
!Narrative role
|-
|Adam's World
|Jonas / Adam
|Attempts to destroy the knot
|-
|Eva's World
|Martha / Eva
|Attempts to preserve the knot
|-
|Origin World
|H. G. Tannhaus
|Contains the event that creates the two interconnected worlds
|}
The two alternate worlds are not simply independent universes.

Their existence results from the experiment in the origin world.

This distinction becomes essential to understanding the ending.

== 7. The Final Intervention ==
In the final episode, Jonas and Martha travel to the origin world.

Their objective is to prevent the accident that causes Tannhaus to construct his machine.

They encounter Marek and his family before the fatal journey.

Their intervention prevents the accident.

As a result, Tannhaus never has the motivation to perform the experiment.

The two alternate worlds disappear.

Jonas and Martha also disappear because their existence depends on the worlds created by the experiment.

=== The Paradox of the Ending ===
The ending introduces an intriguing philosophical question.

If Jonas and Martha prevent the creation of their worlds, how can they exist long enough to prevent the accident?

One interpretation is that the intervention occurs outside the ordinary causal structure of the knot.

Another interpretation is that the series intentionally uses a paradox to demonstrate that the origin world operates according to different causal conditions.

The ending resolves the emotional narrative while leaving room for philosophical debate about causality.

== 8. Did Jonas and Martha Truly Disappear? ==
The final scene takes place in the origin world.

Several surviving characters gather for dinner.

Hannah experiences a feeling of deja vu and later suggests the name Jonas for her unborn child.

This moment invites multiple interpretations.

=== Interpretation One: A Symbolic Memory ===
The scene may symbolise the emotional traces of events that no longer exist.

Although Jonas and Martha have disappeared, their story remains meaningful to the audience.

The name Jonas may represent the persistence of an idea rather than the literal survival of a person.

=== Interpretation Two: The Echo of Another Reality ===
An alternative fan interpretation is that the origin world retains subtle echoes of the erased worlds.

Under this interpretation, deja vu represents an unexplained connection between realities.

However, the series does not confirm that the erased worlds continue to exist.

The suggestion remains speculative.

=== Interpretation Three: A Philosophical Ending ===
The final scene may simply invite viewers to consider whether human experiences can possess meaning even when they are erased from history.

Jonas and Martha no longer exist, but their actions prevent a tragedy.

Their existence becomes meaningful precisely because they choose to sacrifice it.

== 9. The Central Question: Was Everything Inevitable? ==
[[File:Triquetra-Vesica.svg|right|thumb|200x200px|A three-part interwoven symbol used here as an illustration of interconnected causes and consequences.]]
Throughout ''Dark'', characters repeatedly insist that everything is connected.

Their choices seem to lead inevitably towards events that have already occurred.

This raises the question of whether free will can exist in a deterministic universe.

Three interpretations are possible:

* '''Strict determinism:''' Every event is fixed, and individual decisions cannot alter the timeline.
* '''Limited free will:''' Characters make genuine decisions, but those decisions remain part of an established causal structure.
* '''Freedom through external intervention:''' The knot cannot be changed from within, but its creation can be prevented through action in the origin world.

The final interpretation is particularly relevant to the series finale.

Jonas and Martha cannot simply change their own histories.

They must intervene in the world responsible for creating those histories.

== 10. Conclusion: The Tragedy of Knowing Too Much ==
''Dark'' is not merely a story about travelling through time.

It is a story about grief, identity, inherited suffering and the desire to control events that cannot be fully understood.

Mikkel's disappearance creates Jonas.

Jonas becomes Adam.

Alternate Martha becomes Eva.

Their relationship creates the Unknown, whose existence contributes to the circular ancestry of the Nielsen family.

Adam and Eva attempt to control the knot, while Claudia discovers the reality responsible for its creation.

Ultimately, Jonas and Martha prevent the tragedy that created their worlds.

Their final act does not save their own existence.

Instead, it saves people who would otherwise have died in the origin world.

The greatest irony of ''Dark'' may therefore be that its central characters achieve freedom only by accepting that they cannot continue to exist.

'''Everything is connected. But perhaps not everything was meant to exist.'''

== References and Further Reading ==

* ''Dark'' (2017–2020), created by Baran bo Odar and Jantje Friese.
* Season 1: Mikkel Nielsen's disappearance, the Winden caves and the discovery of time travel.
* Season 2: Adam, Sic Mundus and the development of the causal knot.
* Season 3: Eva's world, the Unknown, Claudia's discovery and the origin world.
* Series finale: &quot;The Paradise&quot;, Season 3, Episode 8.
* Wikimedia Commons: DarkLogo.png.
* Wikimedia Commons: Triquetra-Interlaced-Triangle-Circle.svg.
* Wikimedia Commons: Hourglass.svg.

----''This article is an original fan analysis of the fictional events in Dark. Speculative interpretations are distinguished from events established by the television series.''</text>
      <sha1>4nrh3w8gc1o06h5c75q7avtgzaanmtj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Valooorrrr/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486638</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679053</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T17:13:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Valooorrrr</username>
        <id>3629838</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot; = THE DARK KNIGHT RISES: DID BATMAN REALLY DIE? = ''The mystery of Bruce Wayne's disappearance, Alfred's final encounter and the death of an identity.'' [[File:Batman_(retouched).jpg|center|thumb|545x545px|Batman cosplay photograph by Hic et nunc, derived from a photograph by Tommy Huynh. CC BY-SA 3.0.]] '''The Dark Knight Rises: Did Batman Really Die?''' is a speculative analysis of the conclusion of Christopher Nolan's 2012 film ''The Dark Knight Rises''. The article...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679053</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15152" sha1="j0wz9ud1prdxa6stta9jislblsr98bg" xml:space="preserve">
= THE DARK KNIGHT RISES: DID BATMAN REALLY DIE? =
''The mystery of Bruce Wayne's disappearance, Alfred's final encounter and the death of an identity.''
[[File:Batman_(retouched).jpg|center|thumb|545x545px|Batman cosplay photograph by Hic et nunc, derived from a photograph by Tommy Huynh. CC BY-SA 3.0.]]
'''The Dark Knight Rises: Did Batman Really Die?''' is a speculative analysis of the conclusion of Christopher Nolan's 2012 film ''The Dark Knight Rises''. The article investigates the apparent death of Batman, the disappearance of Bruce Wayne, Alfred Pennyworth's final encounter in Florence, and the possibility that the ending represents something more complicated than a simple escape.

The film concludes with Batman carrying a nuclear bomb away from Gotham City. The explosion appears to kill him, and Gotham remembers him as a hero who sacrificed everything to save the city.

However, a discovery concerning the aircraft's autopilot, combined with Alfred's final encounter with Bruce Wayne, raises questions about the actual fate of Batman.

Was Bruce Wayne truly alive in Florence? Was Alfred imagining the reunion he had dreamed about for years? Or did Batman die in a different sense, leaving Bruce Wayne free to begin a new life?

''Warning: This article contains major spoilers for the entire Dark Knight trilogy.''

== 1. The Final Flight: Batman's Last Sacrifice ==
[[File:Batman_cosplayer_(26892483334).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|A Batman cosplayer. Photograph by Gage Skidmore, CC BY-SA 2.0.]]
The climax of ''The Dark Knight Rises'' takes place when Gotham City faces destruction from a nuclear bomb controlled by Bane's organisation.

Following the destruction of the reactor chamber, Batman realises that the bomb cannot be stabilised.

He decides to carry it away from Gotham using the aircraft known as the Bat.

Before leaving, he reveals his identity to Commissioner James Gordon.

Batman flies over the bay with the bomb, which subsequently explodes far away from the city.

Gotham survives.

Batman, however, is presumed dead.

The city eventually honours him as the hero who sacrificed his life to save millions.

=== The First Mystery ===
The apparent death of Batman is presented as the emotional conclusion of the trilogy.

However, the film introduces information that challenges the audience's initial understanding of his sacrifice.

Lucius Fox later discovers that the autopilot system of the Bat had been repaired.

Previously, Fox believed the autopilot could not be repaired.

This discovery suggests that Bruce Wayne may have escaped the aircraft before the explosion.

The question is no longer simply whether Batman died.

It becomes a question of whether Bruce Wayne planned his disappearance long before the final flight.

== 2. The Autopilot Mystery: How Did Bruce Escape? ==
One of the most important clues appears during the conversation between Lucius Fox and the engineer who worked on the Bat.

Fox learns that Bruce had repaired the aircraft's autopilot system.

This small detail changes the interpretation of the final flight.

If the aircraft could operate independently, Bruce might not have needed to remain inside it until the explosion.

=== Theory: The Final Flight Was an Escape Plan ===
Bruce Wayne may have deliberately allowed Gotham to believe that Batman had died.

The repaired autopilot could have enabled him to leave the aircraft before the explosion.

His apparent sacrifice would therefore serve two purposes.

First, it would save Gotham.

Second, it would provide Bruce with an opportunity to disappear permanently.

Under this interpretation, the final flight was not merely Batman's last mission.

It was Bruce Wayne's carefully planned exit from a life defined by tragedy.

=== An Alternative Interpretation ===
There is another possibility.

Bruce may have repaired the autopilot simply because he intended to use the aircraft as an autonomous vehicle during the final mission.

The discovery of the repaired system is strong evidence of survival, but the film does not show Bruce physically escaping the aircraft.

The audience must connect the discovery with the final Florence scene.

This deliberate omission is one reason the ending remains memorable.

== 3. Alfred Pennyworth: The Man Who Wanted Bruce to Be Happy ==
[[File:Batman_cossplay.JPG|right|thumb|293x293px|Batman cosplay photograph by Egon Eagle, released under CC0.]]
Alfred is not merely Bruce Wayne's butler.

He is the closest thing Bruce has to a father.

After the murder of Thomas and Martha Wayne, Alfred becomes responsible for raising Bruce.

He watches Bruce grow from a traumatised child into a man who dedicates his entire life to protecting Gotham.

Throughout the trilogy, Alfred repeatedly expresses concern about Bruce's obsession with Batman.

He understands that Bruce's mission is not simply about fighting criminals.

It is also an attempt to deal with the trauma of losing his parents.

=== The Florence Story ===
One of the most important conversations occurs when Alfred describes his dream of seeing Bruce in a café in Florence, Italy.

He explains that he once imagined visiting the same café every summer.

In his imagined future, he sees Bruce sitting at another table.

Bruce is no longer fighting criminals or carrying the burden of Gotham.

He is simply living.

Alfred imagines seeing him happy, perhaps with a family of his own.

The significance of this story becomes clear only at the end of the film.

Alfred never wanted Bruce to die as Batman.

He wanted Bruce to survive as a human being.

=== Alfred's Departure ===
When Bruce continues his mission despite Alfred's warnings, Alfred eventually decides to leave.

His departure is an emotional turning point.

Alfred cannot continue watching the person he loves walk towards what appears to be certain death.

His decision is not an act of abandonment.

It is an expression of helplessness.

He understands that Bruce must make his own choices, but he cannot bear to witness another sacrifice.

== 4. The Final Café Scene: Reality or Imagination? ==
[[File:Batman_(retouched).jpg|right|thumb|400x400px|The Batman symbol, representing the identity Bruce Wayne eventually leaves behind.]]
The final café scene is arguably the most mysterious and emotionally important moment in the entire trilogy.

After the nuclear explosion, Gotham believes Batman has died.

Alfred eventually visits the café he described earlier.

He sits down, orders his drink and looks across the restaurant.

Then he sees Bruce Wayne.

Bruce is sitting with Selina Kyle.

He looks healthy, peaceful and free from the responsibilities of Gotham.

Their eyes meet.

Bruce gives Alfred a subtle nod.

Alfred smiles.

He does not approach the table.

Instead, he quietly leaves.

The scene completes the story Alfred had imagined earlier.

But there are two possible ways to interpret it.

=== Theory One: Alfred Really Saw Bruce Wayne ===
This is the interpretation intended by the film.

The strongest evidence is the repaired autopilot.

Bruce had already arranged the possibility of an autonomous flight system.

The explosion therefore did not necessarily require his presence inside the aircraft.

The final encounter in Florence confirms that he survived.

There is also an important detail about the characters.

Bruce is not wearing his Batman identity.

He is living an ordinary life with Selina.

Alfred recognises him, and their exchange of looks confirms that the reunion is real.

Under this interpretation, Bruce finally achieves what Alfred wanted.

He survives, leaves Gotham and begins a new life.

=== Theory Two: Alfred Imagined the Entire Reunion ===
The alternative interpretation is considerably darker.

What if Bruce actually died during the explosion?

Alfred had spent years imagining a future in which Bruce escaped Gotham and found happiness.

He described the café long before the final battle.

The ending recreates that exact fantasy.

This raises the possibility that the scene is not a literal event.

It could be Alfred imagining the future that Bruce never received.

The details make this interpretation emotionally powerful.

Alfred sits in the same café.

He looks across the room.

He sees the man he wanted to see.

He smiles.

And finally, he leaves.

If Bruce died, this would be Alfred's final act of acceptance.

He would no longer need to imagine Bruce fighting criminals or sacrificing himself.

In his mind, Bruce would finally be free.

However, this interpretation conflicts with the film's intended resolution and the autopilot revelation.

It remains an alternative fan interpretation rather than an established event.

=== Theory Three: The Scene Is Real, But Batman Is Dead ===
A third interpretation combines the two possibilities.

Bruce survives physically, but Batman is permanently dead.

Gotham believes that its protector sacrificed himself.

The public no longer expects Batman to return.

Bruce is free from the identity that controlled his life for years.

The final café encounter is real, but it represents something more important than physical survival.

It represents the death of Batman as an identity.

Bruce Wayne finally gets to live.

== 5. Why Alfred Does Not Approach Bruce ==
One of the most interesting details in the final scene is that Alfred does not walk towards Bruce.

He simply acknowledges him from a distance.

Why?

If Bruce is alive, why would Alfred not immediately embrace him?

One interpretation is that Alfred understands exactly what Bruce has achieved.

Bruce has escaped the responsibility that defined his entire existence.

Approaching him could bring back memories of Gotham, the Wayne family and the painful past.

Alfred may choose to leave because he wants Bruce to remain free.

Another interpretation is that the silent exchange is sufficient.

They do not need words.

Alfred finally sees the future he always wanted.

Bruce knows that Alfred has seen him.

Their shared silence communicates everything that needs to be said.

This is perhaps the most beautiful moment of the trilogy.

== 6. The Death of Batman and the Survival of Bruce Wayne ==
The ending can also be understood through the difference between Batman and Bruce Wayne.

For years, Bruce has lived with two identities.

One is the public identity of a wealthy businessman.

The other is the masked vigilante who protects Gotham.

His identity as Batman is built around suffering, sacrifice and an inability to escape his past.

The final events allow him to abandon that responsibility.

=== Batman Had to Die So Bruce Could Live ===
The title ''The Dark Knight Rises'' can be interpreted in more than one way.

Batman rises from physical and psychological defeat to save Gotham.

But his final act also allows the symbol of Batman to become independent of Bruce Wayne.

Gotham believes Batman died.

Bruce Wayne is free to disappear.

The death of Batman therefore becomes the beginning of a different life for Bruce.

The symbol survives, even when the individual behind the mask chooses to stop.

== 7. John Blake: The Man Who Could Continue the Legacy ==
Another important development occurs when John Blake discovers the Batcave.

Throughout the film, Blake demonstrates that he understands the emotional burden carried by Bruce Wayne.

He recognises Batman's importance to Gotham and believes that the city needs someone willing to stand against injustice.

At the end of the film, Blake discovers that his legal first name is Robin.

He receives directions to the Batcave and enters it.

=== Theory: Was Bruce Wayne Preparing a Successor? ===
Bruce may have understood that Gotham would eventually need another protector.

By leaving the Batcave accessible, he creates the possibility that someone else could continue the mission.

However, the film does not explicitly establish that Blake becomes Batman.

The ending leaves this possibility open.

It also reinforces the idea that Batman is more than one individual.

The symbol can survive even when Bruce Wayne chooses to leave it behind.

== 8. The Three Interpretations Compared ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Interpretation
!What happens to Bruce?
!What does Alfred experience?
|-
|Literal survival
|Bruce survives and lives with Selina.
|Alfred genuinely sees Bruce in Florence.
|-
|Alfred's imagined reunion
|Bruce dies in the explosion.
|Alfred imagines the future he always wanted.
|-
|Symbolic death
|Bruce survives but abandons Batman permanently.
|Alfred witnesses the end of Batman's identity.
|}
Of these interpretations, the first and third are compatible with the film's intended ending.

The second is an alternative reading based on the emotional structure of the final scene.

== 9. What Did Christopher Nolan Actually Intend? ==
Christopher Nolan designed the trilogy as a complete Batman story.

The ending was intended to provide Bruce Wayne with a possibility of happiness beyond Gotham.

Christian Bale also explained his understanding of the final café scene as a real encounter rather than Alfred's imagination.

The repaired autopilot is another deliberate clue supporting Bruce's survival.

However, the emotional ambiguity of the scene allows audiences to explore a different interpretation.

The film does not need to establish that Alfred imagined the reunion for the scene to carry the emotional weight of a final goodbye.

== 10. Conclusion: The Man Who Finally Escaped Gotham ==
The ending of ''The Dark Knight Rises'' is not simply about a superhero surviving an explosion.

It is about the end of an identity.

Bruce Wayne spends much of his life trying to escape the trauma of his childhood.

He transforms himself into Batman because he believes that Gotham needs a symbol capable of confronting fear and corruption.

But the same mission gradually becomes a prison.

By the end, he finally has the opportunity to leave.

Gotham remembers Batman as a hero.

Alfred discovers that Bruce may have found the happiness he always wanted for him.

John Blake discovers the Batcave, suggesting that the symbol may continue beyond its original owner.

Perhaps the greatest victory of Bruce Wayne was not defeating Bane, saving Gotham or destroying the bomb.

Perhaps it was finally learning that he did not have to be Batman forever.

'''Batman did not necessarily die in the explosion. But the man who entered that final flight was not the same man who left it.'''

== References and Further Reading ==

* ''Batman Begins'' (2005), directed by Christopher Nolan.
* ''The Dark Knight'' (2008), directed by Christopher Nolan.
* ''The Dark Knight Rises'' (2012), directed by Christopher Nolan.
* Christopher Nolan, interviews discussing the ending and symbolism of Batman.
* Christian Bale, interviews discussing Bruce Wayne's final appearance in Florence.
* Wikimedia Commons: Batman (retouched).jpg.
* Wikimedia Commons: Batman cosplayer (26892483334).jpg.
* Wikimedia Commons: Batman cossplay.JPG.

----''This article is a speculative fan analysis of the fictional events in The Dark Knight Rises. Alternative interpretations are distinguished from the film's intended conclusion.''</text>
      <sha1>j0wz9ud1prdxa6stta9jislblsr98bg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679105</id>
      <parentid>4679053</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:45:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Requesting deletion ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]] v3.1d)</comment>
      <origin>4679105</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15281" sha1="s3hlnwlx9l8370mkfb9t8gpsrw07uze" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{delete|1=Out of project scope &lt;small&gt;[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]]&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

= THE DARK KNIGHT RISES: DID BATMAN REALLY DIE? =
''The mystery of Bruce Wayne's disappearance, Alfred's final encounter and the death of an identity.''
[[File:Batman_(retouched).jpg|center|thumb|545x545px|Batman cosplay photograph by Hic et nunc, derived from a photograph by Tommy Huynh. CC BY-SA 3.0.]]
'''The Dark Knight Rises: Did Batman Really Die?''' is a speculative analysis of the conclusion of Christopher Nolan's 2012 film ''The Dark Knight Rises''. The article investigates the apparent death of Batman, the disappearance of Bruce Wayne, Alfred Pennyworth's final encounter in Florence, and the possibility that the ending represents something more complicated than a simple escape.

The film concludes with Batman carrying a nuclear bomb away from Gotham City. The explosion appears to kill him, and Gotham remembers him as a hero who sacrificed everything to save the city.

However, a discovery concerning the aircraft's autopilot, combined with Alfred's final encounter with Bruce Wayne, raises questions about the actual fate of Batman.

Was Bruce Wayne truly alive in Florence? Was Alfred imagining the reunion he had dreamed about for years? Or did Batman die in a different sense, leaving Bruce Wayne free to begin a new life?

''Warning: This article contains major spoilers for the entire Dark Knight trilogy.''

== 1. The Final Flight: Batman's Last Sacrifice ==
[[File:Batman_cosplayer_(26892483334).jpg|right|thumb|250x250px|A Batman cosplayer. Photograph by Gage Skidmore, CC BY-SA 2.0.]]
The climax of ''The Dark Knight Rises'' takes place when Gotham City faces destruction from a nuclear bomb controlled by Bane's organisation.

Following the destruction of the reactor chamber, Batman realises that the bomb cannot be stabilised.

He decides to carry it away from Gotham using the aircraft known as the Bat.

Before leaving, he reveals his identity to Commissioner James Gordon.

Batman flies over the bay with the bomb, which subsequently explodes far away from the city.

Gotham survives.

Batman, however, is presumed dead.

The city eventually honours him as the hero who sacrificed his life to save millions.

=== The First Mystery ===
The apparent death of Batman is presented as the emotional conclusion of the trilogy.

However, the film introduces information that challenges the audience's initial understanding of his sacrifice.

Lucius Fox later discovers that the autopilot system of the Bat had been repaired.

Previously, Fox believed the autopilot could not be repaired.

This discovery suggests that Bruce Wayne may have escaped the aircraft before the explosion.

The question is no longer simply whether Batman died.

It becomes a question of whether Bruce Wayne planned his disappearance long before the final flight.

== 2. The Autopilot Mystery: How Did Bruce Escape? ==
One of the most important clues appears during the conversation between Lucius Fox and the engineer who worked on the Bat.

Fox learns that Bruce had repaired the aircraft's autopilot system.

This small detail changes the interpretation of the final flight.

If the aircraft could operate independently, Bruce might not have needed to remain inside it until the explosion.

=== Theory: The Final Flight Was an Escape Plan ===
Bruce Wayne may have deliberately allowed Gotham to believe that Batman had died.

The repaired autopilot could have enabled him to leave the aircraft before the explosion.

His apparent sacrifice would therefore serve two purposes.

First, it would save Gotham.

Second, it would provide Bruce with an opportunity to disappear permanently.

Under this interpretation, the final flight was not merely Batman's last mission.

It was Bruce Wayne's carefully planned exit from a life defined by tragedy.

=== An Alternative Interpretation ===
There is another possibility.

Bruce may have repaired the autopilot simply because he intended to use the aircraft as an autonomous vehicle during the final mission.

The discovery of the repaired system is strong evidence of survival, but the film does not show Bruce physically escaping the aircraft.

The audience must connect the discovery with the final Florence scene.

This deliberate omission is one reason the ending remains memorable.

== 3. Alfred Pennyworth: The Man Who Wanted Bruce to Be Happy ==
[[File:Batman_cossplay.JPG|right|thumb|293x293px|Batman cosplay photograph by Egon Eagle, released under CC0.]]
Alfred is not merely Bruce Wayne's butler.

He is the closest thing Bruce has to a father.

After the murder of Thomas and Martha Wayne, Alfred becomes responsible for raising Bruce.

He watches Bruce grow from a traumatised child into a man who dedicates his entire life to protecting Gotham.

Throughout the trilogy, Alfred repeatedly expresses concern about Bruce's obsession with Batman.

He understands that Bruce's mission is not simply about fighting criminals.

It is also an attempt to deal with the trauma of losing his parents.

=== The Florence Story ===
One of the most important conversations occurs when Alfred describes his dream of seeing Bruce in a café in Florence, Italy.

He explains that he once imagined visiting the same café every summer.

In his imagined future, he sees Bruce sitting at another table.

Bruce is no longer fighting criminals or carrying the burden of Gotham.

He is simply living.

Alfred imagines seeing him happy, perhaps with a family of his own.

The significance of this story becomes clear only at the end of the film.

Alfred never wanted Bruce to die as Batman.

He wanted Bruce to survive as a human being.

=== Alfred's Departure ===
When Bruce continues his mission despite Alfred's warnings, Alfred eventually decides to leave.

His departure is an emotional turning point.

Alfred cannot continue watching the person he loves walk towards what appears to be certain death.

His decision is not an act of abandonment.

It is an expression of helplessness.

He understands that Bruce must make his own choices, but he cannot bear to witness another sacrifice.

== 4. The Final Café Scene: Reality or Imagination? ==
[[File:Batman_(retouched).jpg|right|thumb|400x400px|The Batman symbol, representing the identity Bruce Wayne eventually leaves behind.]]
The final café scene is arguably the most mysterious and emotionally important moment in the entire trilogy.

After the nuclear explosion, Gotham believes Batman has died.

Alfred eventually visits the café he described earlier.

He sits down, orders his drink and looks across the restaurant.

Then he sees Bruce Wayne.

Bruce is sitting with Selina Kyle.

He looks healthy, peaceful and free from the responsibilities of Gotham.

Their eyes meet.

Bruce gives Alfred a subtle nod.

Alfred smiles.

He does not approach the table.

Instead, he quietly leaves.

The scene completes the story Alfred had imagined earlier.

But there are two possible ways to interpret it.

=== Theory One: Alfred Really Saw Bruce Wayne ===
This is the interpretation intended by the film.

The strongest evidence is the repaired autopilot.

Bruce had already arranged the possibility of an autonomous flight system.

The explosion therefore did not necessarily require his presence inside the aircraft.

The final encounter in Florence confirms that he survived.

There is also an important detail about the characters.

Bruce is not wearing his Batman identity.

He is living an ordinary life with Selina.

Alfred recognises him, and their exchange of looks confirms that the reunion is real.

Under this interpretation, Bruce finally achieves what Alfred wanted.

He survives, leaves Gotham and begins a new life.

=== Theory Two: Alfred Imagined the Entire Reunion ===
The alternative interpretation is considerably darker.

What if Bruce actually died during the explosion?

Alfred had spent years imagining a future in which Bruce escaped Gotham and found happiness.

He described the café long before the final battle.

The ending recreates that exact fantasy.

This raises the possibility that the scene is not a literal event.

It could be Alfred imagining the future that Bruce never received.

The details make this interpretation emotionally powerful.

Alfred sits in the same café.

He looks across the room.

He sees the man he wanted to see.

He smiles.

And finally, he leaves.

If Bruce died, this would be Alfred's final act of acceptance.

He would no longer need to imagine Bruce fighting criminals or sacrificing himself.

In his mind, Bruce would finally be free.

However, this interpretation conflicts with the film's intended resolution and the autopilot revelation.

It remains an alternative fan interpretation rather than an established event.

=== Theory Three: The Scene Is Real, But Batman Is Dead ===
A third interpretation combines the two possibilities.

Bruce survives physically, but Batman is permanently dead.

Gotham believes that its protector sacrificed himself.

The public no longer expects Batman to return.

Bruce is free from the identity that controlled his life for years.

The final café encounter is real, but it represents something more important than physical survival.

It represents the death of Batman as an identity.

Bruce Wayne finally gets to live.

== 5. Why Alfred Does Not Approach Bruce ==
One of the most interesting details in the final scene is that Alfred does not walk towards Bruce.

He simply acknowledges him from a distance.

Why?

If Bruce is alive, why would Alfred not immediately embrace him?

One interpretation is that Alfred understands exactly what Bruce has achieved.

Bruce has escaped the responsibility that defined his entire existence.

Approaching him could bring back memories of Gotham, the Wayne family and the painful past.

Alfred may choose to leave because he wants Bruce to remain free.

Another interpretation is that the silent exchange is sufficient.

They do not need words.

Alfred finally sees the future he always wanted.

Bruce knows that Alfred has seen him.

Their shared silence communicates everything that needs to be said.

This is perhaps the most beautiful moment of the trilogy.

== 6. The Death of Batman and the Survival of Bruce Wayne ==
The ending can also be understood through the difference between Batman and Bruce Wayne.

For years, Bruce has lived with two identities.

One is the public identity of a wealthy businessman.

The other is the masked vigilante who protects Gotham.

His identity as Batman is built around suffering, sacrifice and an inability to escape his past.

The final events allow him to abandon that responsibility.

=== Batman Had to Die So Bruce Could Live ===
The title ''The Dark Knight Rises'' can be interpreted in more than one way.

Batman rises from physical and psychological defeat to save Gotham.

But his final act also allows the symbol of Batman to become independent of Bruce Wayne.

Gotham believes Batman died.

Bruce Wayne is free to disappear.

The death of Batman therefore becomes the beginning of a different life for Bruce.

The symbol survives, even when the individual behind the mask chooses to stop.

== 7. John Blake: The Man Who Could Continue the Legacy ==
Another important development occurs when John Blake discovers the Batcave.

Throughout the film, Blake demonstrates that he understands the emotional burden carried by Bruce Wayne.

He recognises Batman's importance to Gotham and believes that the city needs someone willing to stand against injustice.

At the end of the film, Blake discovers that his legal first name is Robin.

He receives directions to the Batcave and enters it.

=== Theory: Was Bruce Wayne Preparing a Successor? ===
Bruce may have understood that Gotham would eventually need another protector.

By leaving the Batcave accessible, he creates the possibility that someone else could continue the mission.

However, the film does not explicitly establish that Blake becomes Batman.

The ending leaves this possibility open.

It also reinforces the idea that Batman is more than one individual.

The symbol can survive even when Bruce Wayne chooses to leave it behind.

== 8. The Three Interpretations Compared ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!Interpretation
!What happens to Bruce?
!What does Alfred experience?
|-
|Literal survival
|Bruce survives and lives with Selina.
|Alfred genuinely sees Bruce in Florence.
|-
|Alfred's imagined reunion
|Bruce dies in the explosion.
|Alfred imagines the future he always wanted.
|-
|Symbolic death
|Bruce survives but abandons Batman permanently.
|Alfred witnesses the end of Batman's identity.
|}
Of these interpretations, the first and third are compatible with the film's intended ending.

The second is an alternative reading based on the emotional structure of the final scene.

== 9. What Did Christopher Nolan Actually Intend? ==
Christopher Nolan designed the trilogy as a complete Batman story.

The ending was intended to provide Bruce Wayne with a possibility of happiness beyond Gotham.

Christian Bale also explained his understanding of the final café scene as a real encounter rather than Alfred's imagination.

The repaired autopilot is another deliberate clue supporting Bruce's survival.

However, the emotional ambiguity of the scene allows audiences to explore a different interpretation.

The film does not need to establish that Alfred imagined the reunion for the scene to carry the emotional weight of a final goodbye.

== 10. Conclusion: The Man Who Finally Escaped Gotham ==
The ending of ''The Dark Knight Rises'' is not simply about a superhero surviving an explosion.

It is about the end of an identity.

Bruce Wayne spends much of his life trying to escape the trauma of his childhood.

He transforms himself into Batman because he believes that Gotham needs a symbol capable of confronting fear and corruption.

But the same mission gradually becomes a prison.

By the end, he finally has the opportunity to leave.

Gotham remembers Batman as a hero.

Alfred discovers that Bruce may have found the happiness he always wanted for him.

John Blake discovers the Batcave, suggesting that the symbol may continue beyond its original owner.

Perhaps the greatest victory of Bruce Wayne was not defeating Bane, saving Gotham or destroying the bomb.

Perhaps it was finally learning that he did not have to be Batman forever.

'''Batman did not necessarily die in the explosion. But the man who entered that final flight was not the same man who left it.'''

== References and Further Reading ==

* ''Batman Begins'' (2005), directed by Christopher Nolan.
* ''The Dark Knight'' (2008), directed by Christopher Nolan.
* ''The Dark Knight Rises'' (2012), directed by Christopher Nolan.
* Christopher Nolan, interviews discussing the ending and symbolism of Batman.
* Christian Bale, interviews discussing Bruce Wayne's final appearance in Florence.
* Wikimedia Commons: Batman (retouched).jpg.
* Wikimedia Commons: Batman cosplayer (26892483334).jpg.
* Wikimedia Commons: Batman cossplay.JPG.

----''This article is a speculative fan analysis of the fictional events in The Dark Knight Rises. Alternative interpretations are distinguished from the film's intended conclusion.''</text>
      <sha1>s3hlnwlx9l8370mkfb9t8gpsrw07uze</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Cornor-02/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486639</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679062</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:35:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Cornor-02</username>
        <id>3626626</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added the satellite communication system block diagram, uplink and downlink transmission diagram, satellite transponder block diagram, and comparison of LEO, MEO and GEO satellite orbits. Added captions and alternative text to improve clarity and accessibility. Also included relevant mathematical formulas, derivations and numerical examples.</comment>
      <origin>4679062</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21713" sha1="mygqjrxybk0br4rwsybg0nj5dv0inhl" xml:space="preserve">
= Satellite Communication System =

== 1. Introduction ==
Satellite communication is an important part of modern communication technology. It is used to transmit information from one place to another through artificial satellites placed in space.

In normal communication systems, signals are transmitted using cables, optical fibres or mobile communication towers. However, these methods may not be suitable for connecting very distant places, oceans, mountains and remote areas. Satellite communication helps overcome these limitations by using satellites as relay stations in space.

Satellite communication is used in television broadcasting, satellite internet, weather forecasting, navigation systems, defence communication and disaster management.

A satellite communication system mainly consists of two important parts:

# '''Space Segment:''' The artificial satellite placed in orbit around the Earth.
# '''Ground Segment:''' The Earth stations and other equipment used to transmit and receive signals.

== 2. Architecture of Satellite Communication System ==
The architecture of a satellite communication system consists of the Space Segment and Ground Segment. Both work together to transmit information between distant locations.

=== 2.1 Space Segment ===
The Space Segment mainly consists of the satellite and its communication equipment.

Important components include:

* '''Satellite Antenna:''' Receives signals from Earth stations and transmits signals back to Earth.
* '''Transponder:''' Receives, filters, amplifies and converts the frequency of incoming signals before retransmitting them.
* '''Power Supply:''' Provides electrical power to the satellite using solar panels and batteries.
* '''Control System:''' Maintains the satellite's correct orientation and position.

=== 2.2 Ground Segment ===
The Ground Segment consists of Earth stations and communication equipment located on the Earth's surface.

Its important components are:

* '''Transmitting Earth Station:''' Generates and transmits signals towards the satellite.
* '''Receiving Earth Station:''' Receives signals transmitted by the satellite.
* '''Antenna:''' Used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals.
* '''Modulator and Demodulator:''' The modulator prepares information for transmission, while the demodulator recovers the original information.
* '''Amplifier:''' Increases signal power to the required level.

[[File:Satellite Communication System Block Diagram.jpg|alt=Block diagram illustrating signal transmission from a transmitting Earth station to a satellite through the uplink. The satellite transponder receives and processes the signal before retransmitting it through the downlink to a receiving Earth station.]]

=== 2.3 Basic Signal Flow ===
The basic signal flow in satellite communication is:

Transmitting Earth Station → Uplink → Satellite Transponder → Downlink → Receiving Earth Station

First, the transmitting Earth station sends the signal towards the satellite. The satellite receives it through its antenna and processes it using the transponder. After processing, the signal is transmitted back towards the receiving Earth station.

This arrangement makes it possible to communicate between locations that are separated by large distances.

== 3. Working Principle of Satellite Communication System ==
Satellite communication works by sending and receiving radio frequency signals through an artificial satellite. The complete process involves several stages.

=== 3.1 Signal Generation ===
The process begins at the transmitting Earth station, where the information to be sent is prepared.

This information may be voice, video or digital data. For example, when a television channel wants to broadcast a programme, its audio and video information is converted into electrical signals.

=== 3.2 Modulation ===
The information signal is prepared for transmission using a suitable modulation technique.

During modulation, the information is combined with a carrier signal. The resulting signal is converted to the required radio frequency and sent towards the satellite through an antenna.

==== Relationship Between Frequency and Wavelength ====
Frequency and wavelength are two important properties of electromagnetic waves used in satellite communication.

Frequency represents the number of cycles completed in one second, while wavelength is the distance covered by one complete cycle.

The relationship is:

&lt;math&gt;c=f\lambda&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (c) = Speed of light (m/s)
* (f) = Frequency (Hz)
* (&lt;math&gt;\lambda&lt;/math&gt;) = Wavelength (m)

The speed of electromagnetic waves in free space is approximately:

&lt;math&gt;{c=3\times10^8\ \text{m/s}}&lt;/math&gt;

'''Derivation:'''

We know that velocity is the distance travelled per unit time. For a periodic wave, the distance covered during one complete cycle is its wavelength, and the number of cycles per second is its frequency.

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;c=\lambda f&lt;/math&gt;

Rearranging:

&lt;math&gt;{\lambda=\frac{c}{f}}&lt;/math&gt;

'''Example:'''

Find the wavelength of a signal operating at 4 GHz.

Given:

&lt;math&gt;f=4\times10^9\ \text{Hz}&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;\lambda=\frac{3\times10^8}{4\times10^9}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;{\lambda=0.075\ \text{m}=7.5\ \text{cm}}&lt;/math&gt;

This relationship is useful when selecting antennas and designing satellite communication systems.

=== 3.3 Uplink Transmission ===
The transmission of signals from an Earth station to a satellite is called the '''Uplink'''.

The transmitting antenna sends RF signals towards the satellite. In many satellite communication systems, the uplink frequency is higher than the downlink frequency.

[[File:Uplink and Downlink Transmission in Satellite Communication.jpg|alt=Diagram showing an uplink signal travelling from a transmitting Earth station to a satellite and a downlink signal travelling from the satellite to a receiving Earth station.]]

=== 3.4 Signal Processing by the Transponder ===
After reaching the satellite, the incoming signal is received by its antenna and passed to the transponder.

The transponder performs several important operations:

* Receives the incoming signal from the Earth station.
* Filters unwanted frequency components.
* Amplifies the received signal.
* Changes the signal frequency to the required downlink frequency.
* Sends the processed signal back towards Earth.

The amplification process is important because the signal becomes weaker while travelling over long distances.

[[File:Satellite Transponder Block Diagram.jpg|alt=Diagram showing an incoming uplink signal received by the satellite antenna and processed through filtering, amplification and frequency conversion before being transmitted back to Earth through the downlink.]]

=== 3.5 Downlink Transmission ===
The transmission of signals from a satellite to an Earth station is known as the '''Downlink'''.

After processing, the satellite transmits the signal towards the receiving station. The receiving antenna collects the signal and passes it to the receiver for further processing.

==== Signal Propagation Delay ====
One important factor in satellite communication is the time taken by a signal to travel between Earth stations and satellites.

Propagation delay is calculated using:

&lt;math&gt;{t=\frac{d}{c}}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (t) = Propagation delay (seconds)
* (d) = Distance travelled by the signal (m)
* (c) = Speed of light (m/s)

'''Derivation:'''

We know that:

&lt;math&gt;v=\frac{d}{t}&lt;/math&gt;

Rearranging the equation:

&lt;math&gt;{t=\frac{d}{c}}&lt;/math&gt;

'''Example: GEO Satellite'''

The approximate altitude of a GEO satellite is 35,786 km.

For a simplified vertical Earth-to-satellite-to-Earth path:

&lt;math&gt;d=2\times35,786&lt;/math&gt;

Total distance:

&lt;math&gt;d=71,572 \text{km}&lt;/math&gt;

Converting into metres:

&lt;math&gt;d=71,572\times10^3\ \text{m}&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;t=\frac{71,572\times10^3}{3\times10^8}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;{t\approx0.2386\ \text{s}}&lt;/math&gt;

Thus, the approximate propagation delay for this simplified complete two-leg path is 239 milliseconds.

The actual delay depends on the satellite and Earth station positions. Processing and network delays must also be considered.

==== Free Space Path Loss (FSPL) ====
When a radio signal travels over a long distance, its power spreads over a larger area. As a result, the received signal becomes weaker. This reduction is known as Free Space Path Loss.

The basic equation is:

&lt;math&gt;FSPL=\left(\frac{4\pi d}{\lambda}\right)^2&lt;/math&gt;

In decibels:

&lt;math&gt;FSPL(dB)=20\log_{10}\left(\frac{4\pi d}{\lambda}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

Since:

&lt;math&gt;\lambda=\frac{c}{f}&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;FSPL(dB)=20\log_{10}\left(\frac{4\pi df}{c}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

A commonly used practical formula is:

&lt;math&gt;{FSPL(dB)=92.45+20\log_{10}(f)+20\log_{10}(d)}&lt;/math&gt;

Here, frequency (f) is in GHz and distance (d) is in kilometres.

This shows why satellite communication requires suitable antennas and sufficient transmission power.

==== Friis Transmission Equation ====
The Friis transmission equation is used to calculate the received power in a free-space communication link.

The equation is:

&lt;math&gt;{P_r=P_tG_tG_r\left(\frac{\lambda}{4\pi d}\right)^2}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (&lt;math&gt;P_r&lt;/math&gt;) = Received power (W)
* (&lt;math&gt;P_t&lt;/math&gt;) = Transmitted power (W)
* (&lt;math&gt;G_t&lt;/math&gt;) = Transmitting antenna gain (linear)
* (&lt;math&gt;G_r&lt;/math&gt;) = Receiving antenna gain (linear)
* (&lt;math&gt;\lambda&lt;/math&gt;) = Wavelength (m)
* (d) = Distance (m)

'''Derivation:'''

The power density at a distance (d) from the transmitting antenna is:

&lt;math&gt;S=\frac{P_tG_t}{4\pi d^2}&lt;/math&gt;

The effective aperture of the receiving antenna is:

&lt;math&gt;A_e=\frac{G_r\lambda^2}{4\pi}&lt;/math&gt;

Received power is:

&lt;math&gt;P_r=SA_e&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;P_r=\frac{P_tG_t}{4\pi d^2}\times\frac{G_r\lambda^2}{4\pi}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;{P_r=P_tG_tG_r\left(\frac{\lambda}{4\pi d}\right)^2}&lt;/math&gt;

This equation assumes ideal free-space propagation, properly aligned antennas and far-field conditions.

=== 3.6 Reception and Demodulation ===
When the signal reaches the receiving Earth station, it is amplified and filtered to remove unwanted components.

The demodulator then separates the original information from the carrier signal. Finally, the recovered information is available in the form of voice, video or digital data.

In this way, information sent from one location can reach another location through a satellite.

== 4. Types of Satellites Based on Orbit ==
Not all satellites are placed at the same distance from Earth. Their orbital positions depend on the purpose for which they are used.

Based on their orbital altitude, satellites are commonly classified into three types.

=== 4.1 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) ===
Low Earth Orbit satellites are placed relatively close to the Earth's surface. They generally operate at altitudes between approximately 160 km and 2,000 km.

Some important features of LEO satellites are:

* They provide lower communication latency because of their shorter distance from Earth.
* They move around the Earth relatively quickly.
* A large number of satellites may be needed to provide continuous global coverage.
* They are used in satellite internet services and Earth observation systems.

==== Doppler Frequency Shift ====
When a satellite moves relative to a receiver, the received signal frequency may differ from the transmitted frequency. This effect is known as the Doppler frequency shift.

It is particularly important in LEO satellite communication because these satellites move rapidly relative to Earth stations.

The approximate Doppler frequency shift is:

&lt;math&gt;{f_d=\frac{v_r}{c}f_c}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (f_d) = Doppler frequency shift (Hz)
* (v_r) = Relative radial velocity (m/s)
* (c) = Speed of light (m/s)
* (f_c) = Carrier frequency (Hz)

'''Derivation:'''

For a moving satellite and a stationary receiver, when the relative velocity is much smaller than the speed of light:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta f}{f_c}\approx\frac{v_r}{c}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;{\Delta f\approx\frac{v_r}{c}f_c}&lt;/math&gt;

=== 4.2 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) ===
Medium Earth Orbit satellites operate above the LEO region and below the geostationary orbit. Their altitude is generally between 2,000 km and 35,786 km.

Some important features of MEO satellites are:

* They cover larger areas than LEO satellites.
* Their communication delay is generally higher than that of LEO satellites.
* They are commonly used in navigation systems.
* GPS and Galileo are examples of satellite navigation systems that use MEO satellites.

=== 4.3 Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) ===
Geostationary Earth Orbit satellites are placed approximately 35,786 km above the Earth's equator.

These satellites take approximately 24 hours to complete one orbit around Earth. Their orbital movement matches the Earth's rotation, so they appear to remain above the same location when viewed from the ground.

Some important features of GEO satellites are:

* They provide continuous coverage over large geographical areas.
* They are commonly used for television and radio broadcasting.
* One satellite can cover a very large region.
* They have higher communication latency compared with LEO satellites because of the longer distance.

==== Orbital Period and GEO Altitude Derivation ====
A satellite moves around the Earth because of the gravitational force acting between the Earth and the satellite.

The orbital period is the time required for a satellite to complete one revolution around the Earth.

The orbital period formula is

&lt;math&gt;{T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{r^3}{GM}}}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (T) = Orbital period (seconds)
* (r) = Orbital radius measured from Earth's centre (m)
* (G) = Universal gravitational constant
* (M) = Mass of the Earth

'''Derivation:'''

The gravitational force acting on a satellite is:

&lt;math&gt;F_g=\frac{GMm}{r^2}&lt;/math&gt;

The centripetal force required for circular motion is:

&lt;math&gt;F_c=\frac{mv^2}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

For a satellite in a circular orbit:

&lt;math&gt;F_g=F_c&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{GMm}{r^2}=\frac{mv^2}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

Cancelling (m) and simplifying:

&lt;math&gt;v^2=\frac{GM}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

We know that orbital velocity is:

&lt;math&gt;v=\frac{2\pi r}{T}
&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;\left(\frac{2\pi r}{T}\right)^2=\frac{GM}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

Simplifying:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{4\pi^2r^2}{T^2}=\frac{GM}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

Rearranging:

&lt;math&gt;T^2=\frac{4\pi^2r^3}{GM}&lt;/math&gt;

Taking the square root:

&lt;math&gt;{T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{r^3}{GM}}}&lt;/math&gt;

[[File:Comparison of LEO MEO and GEO Satellite Orbits.jpg|alt=Diagram showing Earth at the centre with three satellite orbital regions. LEO is closest to Earth, MEO is at an intermediate altitude, and GEO is located approximately 35,786 km above Earth's equator.]]

==== Calculation of GEO Satellite Altitude ====
A geostationary satellite must have an orbital period equal to one sidereal day.

&lt;math&gt;T=86164\ \text{s}&lt;/math&gt;

The orbital radius is:

&lt;math&gt;r=\left(\frac{GMT^2}{4\pi^2}\right)^{1/3}&lt;/math&gt;

Using:

&lt;math&gt;GM=3.986\times10^{14}\ \text{m}^3/\text{s}^2&lt;/math&gt;

The approximate orbital radius is:

&lt;math&gt;r\approx42,164\ \text{km}&lt;/math&gt;

The Earth's mean equatorial radius is approximately:

&lt;math&gt;R_E=6,378\ \text{km}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore, the satellite altitude is:

&lt;math&gt;h=r-R_E&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;h=42,164-6,378&lt;/math&gt;

Final answer:

&lt;math&gt;{h\approx35,786\ \text{km}}&lt;/math&gt;

This is the approximate altitude of a geostationary satellite above the Earth's equator.

== 5. Advantages of Satellite Communication ==
Satellite communication offers several benefits, particularly when communication is required over long distances.

# '''Wide Coverage:''' A satellite can provide communication services over a large geographical area.
# '''Remote Area Connectivity:''' It helps provide communication facilities in villages, mountains and other locations where terrestrial networks are difficult to establish.
# '''Long-Distance Communication:''' It allows information to be transmitted between distant countries and regions.
# '''Broadcasting:''' The same television or radio programme can be transmitted to many locations at the same time.
# '''Disaster Management:''' Satellite communication can help maintain communication when ground-based networks are damaged by floods, earthquakes or other natural disasters.
# '''Multiple Services:''' It supports different types of communication, including voice, video and digital data.

=== Channel Capacity – Shannon-Hartley Theorem ===
The Shannon-Hartley theorem gives the maximum theoretical data rate that can be transmitted through a communication channel for a given bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio.

The formula is:

&lt;math&gt;{C=B\log_2\left(1+\frac{S}{N}\right)}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (C) = Channel capacity (bits per second)
* (B) = Channel bandwidth (Hz)
* (S) = Signal power (W)
* (N) = Noise power (W)
* (S/N) = Signal-to-noise ratio (linear)

== 6. Disadvantages of Satellite Communication ==
Although satellite communication has many advantages, it also has some limitations.

# '''High Cost:''' Building, launching and maintaining satellites requires a large amount of money.
# '''Propagation Delay:''' Signals travelling over long distances may experience delay, especially in GEO satellite systems.
# '''Weather Effects:''' Heavy rainfall can weaken signals, particularly in higher-frequency bands such as Ku-band and Ka-band.
# '''Limited Lifetime:''' Satellites have a limited operational life because of fuel, power and equipment-related limitations.
# '''Maintenance Difficulties:''' Repairing equipment in space is difficult and expensive.
# '''Space Debris:''' Old satellites and other objects in orbit can create risks for working satellites.

== 7. Applications of Satellite Communication ==
Satellite technology is used in many areas of modern life. Some of its important applications are discussed below.

=== 7.1 Television and Radio Broadcasting ===
DTH television is a familiar example of satellite communication. Television programmes are transmitted from broadcasting stations to satellites. The satellites then send the signals towards receiving dish antennas installed at homes.

This allows people in different regions to watch the same television programmes.

=== 7.2 Satellite Internet ===
In some rural areas, mountain regions and remote locations, normal broadband services may not be available. Satellite internet can help provide connectivity in these places.

It is particularly useful where laying optical fibre cables or establishing mobile network infrastructure is difficult.

=== 7.3 Mobile and Remote Communication ===
Satellite communication is useful for ships, aircraft and people working in remote locations. It helps them stay connected even when ordinary mobile networks are unavailable.

Satellite phones are one example of this type of communication.

=== 7.4 Navigation Systems ===
Satellite navigation systems such as GPS and Galileo help users identify their location and find suitable travel routes.

For example, when we use a navigation application on a mobile phone, signals from navigation satellites help the device calculate its position.

It is important to understand that navigation satellites mainly provide positioning and timing information. Their purpose is different from that of ordinary communication satellites.

=== 7.5 Weather Monitoring ===
Weather satellites are used to observe clouds, storms and other atmospheric conditions. The information collected by these satellites helps meteorologists prepare weather forecasts.

They are also useful for monitoring cyclones and providing early warnings about severe weather conditions.

=== 7.6 Defence Communication ===
Satellite communication plays an important role in the defence sector. It helps military organisations exchange information over long distances.

It is also used for surveillance, communication between remote stations and other defence-related activities.

=== 7.7 Disaster Communication ===
Natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods and cyclones can damage ordinary communication networks.

During such situations, satellite communication can help rescue teams and emergency services exchange important information. This makes coordination easier during relief and rescue operations.

== 8. Conclusion ==
Satellite communication has become an important part of modern communication engineering. It helps connect distant places and provides communication facilities in areas where ordinary network infrastructure is difficult to establish.

The system mainly works through two segments: the Space Segment and the Ground Segment. Signals travel from an Earth station to a satellite through the uplink. The transponder processes the received signals and sends them back to Earth through the downlink.

LEO, MEO and GEO satellites are used for different purposes depending on their orbital positions and communication requirements.

From television broadcasting and internet services to remote communication and disaster management, satellite technology has many practical applications. With the development of advanced satellite networks and future communication technologies such as 6G, its importance is expected to increase further.

== 9. References ==

# Dennis Roddy, ''Satellite Communications'', McGraw-Hill.
# Timothy Pratt, Charles Bostian and Jeremy Allnutt, ''Satellite Communications'', Wiley.
# NASA – National Aeronautics and Space Administration: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.nasa.gov/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# ISRO – Indian Space Research Organisation: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.isro.gov.in/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# International Telecommunication Union (ITU): &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.itu.int/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# European Space Agency (ESA): &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.esa.int/&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>mygqjrxybk0br4rwsybg0nj5dv0inhl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679104</id>
      <parentid>4679062</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:45:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Marking for speedy deletion: Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]</comment>
      <origin>4679104</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="21810" sha1="g8k4pq1zei28he9cz0w6rf8k7a80if5" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

= Satellite Communication System =

== 1. Introduction ==
Satellite communication is an important part of modern communication technology. It is used to transmit information from one place to another through artificial satellites placed in space.

In normal communication systems, signals are transmitted using cables, optical fibres or mobile communication towers. However, these methods may not be suitable for connecting very distant places, oceans, mountains and remote areas. Satellite communication helps overcome these limitations by using satellites as relay stations in space.

Satellite communication is used in television broadcasting, satellite internet, weather forecasting, navigation systems, defence communication and disaster management.

A satellite communication system mainly consists of two important parts:

# '''Space Segment:''' The artificial satellite placed in orbit around the Earth.
# '''Ground Segment:''' The Earth stations and other equipment used to transmit and receive signals.

== 2. Architecture of Satellite Communication System ==
The architecture of a satellite communication system consists of the Space Segment and Ground Segment. Both work together to transmit information between distant locations.

=== 2.1 Space Segment ===
The Space Segment mainly consists of the satellite and its communication equipment.

Important components include:

* '''Satellite Antenna:''' Receives signals from Earth stations and transmits signals back to Earth.
* '''Transponder:''' Receives, filters, amplifies and converts the frequency of incoming signals before retransmitting them.
* '''Power Supply:''' Provides electrical power to the satellite using solar panels and batteries.
* '''Control System:''' Maintains the satellite's correct orientation and position.

=== 2.2 Ground Segment ===
The Ground Segment consists of Earth stations and communication equipment located on the Earth's surface.

Its important components are:

* '''Transmitting Earth Station:''' Generates and transmits signals towards the satellite.
* '''Receiving Earth Station:''' Receives signals transmitted by the satellite.
* '''Antenna:''' Used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals.
* '''Modulator and Demodulator:''' The modulator prepares information for transmission, while the demodulator recovers the original information.
* '''Amplifier:''' Increases signal power to the required level.

[[File:Satellite Communication System Block Diagram.jpg|alt=Block diagram illustrating signal transmission from a transmitting Earth station to a satellite through the uplink. The satellite transponder receives and processes the signal before retransmitting it through the downlink to a receiving Earth station.]]

=== 2.3 Basic Signal Flow ===
The basic signal flow in satellite communication is:

Transmitting Earth Station → Uplink → Satellite Transponder → Downlink → Receiving Earth Station

First, the transmitting Earth station sends the signal towards the satellite. The satellite receives it through its antenna and processes it using the transponder. After processing, the signal is transmitted back towards the receiving Earth station.

This arrangement makes it possible to communicate between locations that are separated by large distances.

== 3. Working Principle of Satellite Communication System ==
Satellite communication works by sending and receiving radio frequency signals through an artificial satellite. The complete process involves several stages.

=== 3.1 Signal Generation ===
The process begins at the transmitting Earth station, where the information to be sent is prepared.

This information may be voice, video or digital data. For example, when a television channel wants to broadcast a programme, its audio and video information is converted into electrical signals.

=== 3.2 Modulation ===
The information signal is prepared for transmission using a suitable modulation technique.

During modulation, the information is combined with a carrier signal. The resulting signal is converted to the required radio frequency and sent towards the satellite through an antenna.

==== Relationship Between Frequency and Wavelength ====
Frequency and wavelength are two important properties of electromagnetic waves used in satellite communication.

Frequency represents the number of cycles completed in one second, while wavelength is the distance covered by one complete cycle.

The relationship is:

&lt;math&gt;c=f\lambda&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (c) = Speed of light (m/s)
* (f) = Frequency (Hz)
* (&lt;math&gt;\lambda&lt;/math&gt;) = Wavelength (m)

The speed of electromagnetic waves in free space is approximately:

&lt;math&gt;{c=3\times10^8\ \text{m/s}}&lt;/math&gt;

'''Derivation:'''

We know that velocity is the distance travelled per unit time. For a periodic wave, the distance covered during one complete cycle is its wavelength, and the number of cycles per second is its frequency.

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;c=\lambda f&lt;/math&gt;

Rearranging:

&lt;math&gt;{\lambda=\frac{c}{f}}&lt;/math&gt;

'''Example:'''

Find the wavelength of a signal operating at 4 GHz.

Given:

&lt;math&gt;f=4\times10^9\ \text{Hz}&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;\lambda=\frac{3\times10^8}{4\times10^9}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;{\lambda=0.075\ \text{m}=7.5\ \text{cm}}&lt;/math&gt;

This relationship is useful when selecting antennas and designing satellite communication systems.

=== 3.3 Uplink Transmission ===
The transmission of signals from an Earth station to a satellite is called the '''Uplink'''.

The transmitting antenna sends RF signals towards the satellite. In many satellite communication systems, the uplink frequency is higher than the downlink frequency.

[[File:Uplink and Downlink Transmission in Satellite Communication.jpg|alt=Diagram showing an uplink signal travelling from a transmitting Earth station to a satellite and a downlink signal travelling from the satellite to a receiving Earth station.]]

=== 3.4 Signal Processing by the Transponder ===
After reaching the satellite, the incoming signal is received by its antenna and passed to the transponder.

The transponder performs several important operations:

* Receives the incoming signal from the Earth station.
* Filters unwanted frequency components.
* Amplifies the received signal.
* Changes the signal frequency to the required downlink frequency.
* Sends the processed signal back towards Earth.

The amplification process is important because the signal becomes weaker while travelling over long distances.

[[File:Satellite Transponder Block Diagram.jpg|alt=Diagram showing an incoming uplink signal received by the satellite antenna and processed through filtering, amplification and frequency conversion before being transmitted back to Earth through the downlink.]]

=== 3.5 Downlink Transmission ===
The transmission of signals from a satellite to an Earth station is known as the '''Downlink'''.

After processing, the satellite transmits the signal towards the receiving station. The receiving antenna collects the signal and passes it to the receiver for further processing.

==== Signal Propagation Delay ====
One important factor in satellite communication is the time taken by a signal to travel between Earth stations and satellites.

Propagation delay is calculated using:

&lt;math&gt;{t=\frac{d}{c}}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (t) = Propagation delay (seconds)
* (d) = Distance travelled by the signal (m)
* (c) = Speed of light (m/s)

'''Derivation:'''

We know that:

&lt;math&gt;v=\frac{d}{t}&lt;/math&gt;

Rearranging the equation:

&lt;math&gt;{t=\frac{d}{c}}&lt;/math&gt;

'''Example: GEO Satellite'''

The approximate altitude of a GEO satellite is 35,786 km.

For a simplified vertical Earth-to-satellite-to-Earth path:

&lt;math&gt;d=2\times35,786&lt;/math&gt;

Total distance:

&lt;math&gt;d=71,572 \text{km}&lt;/math&gt;

Converting into metres:

&lt;math&gt;d=71,572\times10^3\ \text{m}&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;t=\frac{71,572\times10^3}{3\times10^8}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;{t\approx0.2386\ \text{s}}&lt;/math&gt;

Thus, the approximate propagation delay for this simplified complete two-leg path is 239 milliseconds.

The actual delay depends on the satellite and Earth station positions. Processing and network delays must also be considered.

==== Free Space Path Loss (FSPL) ====
When a radio signal travels over a long distance, its power spreads over a larger area. As a result, the received signal becomes weaker. This reduction is known as Free Space Path Loss.

The basic equation is:

&lt;math&gt;FSPL=\left(\frac{4\pi d}{\lambda}\right)^2&lt;/math&gt;

In decibels:

&lt;math&gt;FSPL(dB)=20\log_{10}\left(\frac{4\pi d}{\lambda}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

Since:

&lt;math&gt;\lambda=\frac{c}{f}&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;FSPL(dB)=20\log_{10}\left(\frac{4\pi df}{c}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

A commonly used practical formula is:

&lt;math&gt;{FSPL(dB)=92.45+20\log_{10}(f)+20\log_{10}(d)}&lt;/math&gt;

Here, frequency (f) is in GHz and distance (d) is in kilometres.

This shows why satellite communication requires suitable antennas and sufficient transmission power.

==== Friis Transmission Equation ====
The Friis transmission equation is used to calculate the received power in a free-space communication link.

The equation is:

&lt;math&gt;{P_r=P_tG_tG_r\left(\frac{\lambda}{4\pi d}\right)^2}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (&lt;math&gt;P_r&lt;/math&gt;) = Received power (W)
* (&lt;math&gt;P_t&lt;/math&gt;) = Transmitted power (W)
* (&lt;math&gt;G_t&lt;/math&gt;) = Transmitting antenna gain (linear)
* (&lt;math&gt;G_r&lt;/math&gt;) = Receiving antenna gain (linear)
* (&lt;math&gt;\lambda&lt;/math&gt;) = Wavelength (m)
* (d) = Distance (m)

'''Derivation:'''

The power density at a distance (d) from the transmitting antenna is:

&lt;math&gt;S=\frac{P_tG_t}{4\pi d^2}&lt;/math&gt;

The effective aperture of the receiving antenna is:

&lt;math&gt;A_e=\frac{G_r\lambda^2}{4\pi}&lt;/math&gt;

Received power is:

&lt;math&gt;P_r=SA_e&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;P_r=\frac{P_tG_t}{4\pi d^2}\times\frac{G_r\lambda^2}{4\pi}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;{P_r=P_tG_tG_r\left(\frac{\lambda}{4\pi d}\right)^2}&lt;/math&gt;

This equation assumes ideal free-space propagation, properly aligned antennas and far-field conditions.

=== 3.6 Reception and Demodulation ===
When the signal reaches the receiving Earth station, it is amplified and filtered to remove unwanted components.

The demodulator then separates the original information from the carrier signal. Finally, the recovered information is available in the form of voice, video or digital data.

In this way, information sent from one location can reach another location through a satellite.

== 4. Types of Satellites Based on Orbit ==
Not all satellites are placed at the same distance from Earth. Their orbital positions depend on the purpose for which they are used.

Based on their orbital altitude, satellites are commonly classified into three types.

=== 4.1 Low Earth Orbit (LEO) ===
Low Earth Orbit satellites are placed relatively close to the Earth's surface. They generally operate at altitudes between approximately 160 km and 2,000 km.

Some important features of LEO satellites are:

* They provide lower communication latency because of their shorter distance from Earth.
* They move around the Earth relatively quickly.
* A large number of satellites may be needed to provide continuous global coverage.
* They are used in satellite internet services and Earth observation systems.

==== Doppler Frequency Shift ====
When a satellite moves relative to a receiver, the received signal frequency may differ from the transmitted frequency. This effect is known as the Doppler frequency shift.

It is particularly important in LEO satellite communication because these satellites move rapidly relative to Earth stations.

The approximate Doppler frequency shift is:

&lt;math&gt;{f_d=\frac{v_r}{c}f_c}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (f_d) = Doppler frequency shift (Hz)
* (v_r) = Relative radial velocity (m/s)
* (c) = Speed of light (m/s)
* (f_c) = Carrier frequency (Hz)

'''Derivation:'''

For a moving satellite and a stationary receiver, when the relative velocity is much smaller than the speed of light:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{\Delta f}{f_c}\approx\frac{v_r}{c}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;{\Delta f\approx\frac{v_r}{c}f_c}&lt;/math&gt;

=== 4.2 Medium Earth Orbit (MEO) ===
Medium Earth Orbit satellites operate above the LEO region and below the geostationary orbit. Their altitude is generally between 2,000 km and 35,786 km.

Some important features of MEO satellites are:

* They cover larger areas than LEO satellites.
* Their communication delay is generally higher than that of LEO satellites.
* They are commonly used in navigation systems.
* GPS and Galileo are examples of satellite navigation systems that use MEO satellites.

=== 4.3 Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) ===
Geostationary Earth Orbit satellites are placed approximately 35,786 km above the Earth's equator.

These satellites take approximately 24 hours to complete one orbit around Earth. Their orbital movement matches the Earth's rotation, so they appear to remain above the same location when viewed from the ground.

Some important features of GEO satellites are:

* They provide continuous coverage over large geographical areas.
* They are commonly used for television and radio broadcasting.
* One satellite can cover a very large region.
* They have higher communication latency compared with LEO satellites because of the longer distance.

==== Orbital Period and GEO Altitude Derivation ====
A satellite moves around the Earth because of the gravitational force acting between the Earth and the satellite.

The orbital period is the time required for a satellite to complete one revolution around the Earth.

The orbital period formula is

&lt;math&gt;{T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{r^3}{GM}}}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (T) = Orbital period (seconds)
* (r) = Orbital radius measured from Earth's centre (m)
* (G) = Universal gravitational constant
* (M) = Mass of the Earth

'''Derivation:'''

The gravitational force acting on a satellite is:

&lt;math&gt;F_g=\frac{GMm}{r^2}&lt;/math&gt;

The centripetal force required for circular motion is:

&lt;math&gt;F_c=\frac{mv^2}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

For a satellite in a circular orbit:

&lt;math&gt;F_g=F_c&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{GMm}{r^2}=\frac{mv^2}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

Cancelling (m) and simplifying:

&lt;math&gt;v^2=\frac{GM}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

We know that orbital velocity is:

&lt;math&gt;v=\frac{2\pi r}{T}
&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;\left(\frac{2\pi r}{T}\right)^2=\frac{GM}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

Simplifying:

&lt;math&gt;\frac{4\pi^2r^2}{T^2}=\frac{GM}{r}&lt;/math&gt;

Rearranging:

&lt;math&gt;T^2=\frac{4\pi^2r^3}{GM}&lt;/math&gt;

Taking the square root:

&lt;math&gt;{T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{r^3}{GM}}}&lt;/math&gt;

[[File:Comparison of LEO MEO and GEO Satellite Orbits.jpg|alt=Diagram showing Earth at the centre with three satellite orbital regions. LEO is closest to Earth, MEO is at an intermediate altitude, and GEO is located approximately 35,786 km above Earth's equator.]]

==== Calculation of GEO Satellite Altitude ====
A geostationary satellite must have an orbital period equal to one sidereal day.

&lt;math&gt;T=86164\ \text{s}&lt;/math&gt;

The orbital radius is:

&lt;math&gt;r=\left(\frac{GMT^2}{4\pi^2}\right)^{1/3}&lt;/math&gt;

Using:

&lt;math&gt;GM=3.986\times10^{14}\ \text{m}^3/\text{s}^2&lt;/math&gt;

The approximate orbital radius is:

&lt;math&gt;r\approx42,164\ \text{km}&lt;/math&gt;

The Earth's mean equatorial radius is approximately:

&lt;math&gt;R_E=6,378\ \text{km}&lt;/math&gt;

Therefore, the satellite altitude is:

&lt;math&gt;h=r-R_E&lt;/math&gt;

Substituting:

&lt;math&gt;h=42,164-6,378&lt;/math&gt;

Final answer:

&lt;math&gt;{h\approx35,786\ \text{km}}&lt;/math&gt;

This is the approximate altitude of a geostationary satellite above the Earth's equator.

== 5. Advantages of Satellite Communication ==
Satellite communication offers several benefits, particularly when communication is required over long distances.

# '''Wide Coverage:''' A satellite can provide communication services over a large geographical area.
# '''Remote Area Connectivity:''' It helps provide communication facilities in villages, mountains and other locations where terrestrial networks are difficult to establish.
# '''Long-Distance Communication:''' It allows information to be transmitted between distant countries and regions.
# '''Broadcasting:''' The same television or radio programme can be transmitted to many locations at the same time.
# '''Disaster Management:''' Satellite communication can help maintain communication when ground-based networks are damaged by floods, earthquakes or other natural disasters.
# '''Multiple Services:''' It supports different types of communication, including voice, video and digital data.

=== Channel Capacity – Shannon-Hartley Theorem ===
The Shannon-Hartley theorem gives the maximum theoretical data rate that can be transmitted through a communication channel for a given bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio.

The formula is:

&lt;math&gt;{C=B\log_2\left(1+\frac{S}{N}\right)}&lt;/math&gt;

Where:

* (C) = Channel capacity (bits per second)
* (B) = Channel bandwidth (Hz)
* (S) = Signal power (W)
* (N) = Noise power (W)
* (S/N) = Signal-to-noise ratio (linear)

== 6. Disadvantages of Satellite Communication ==
Although satellite communication has many advantages, it also has some limitations.

# '''High Cost:''' Building, launching and maintaining satellites requires a large amount of money.
# '''Propagation Delay:''' Signals travelling over long distances may experience delay, especially in GEO satellite systems.
# '''Weather Effects:''' Heavy rainfall can weaken signals, particularly in higher-frequency bands such as Ku-band and Ka-band.
# '''Limited Lifetime:''' Satellites have a limited operational life because of fuel, power and equipment-related limitations.
# '''Maintenance Difficulties:''' Repairing equipment in space is difficult and expensive.
# '''Space Debris:''' Old satellites and other objects in orbit can create risks for working satellites.

== 7. Applications of Satellite Communication ==
Satellite technology is used in many areas of modern life. Some of its important applications are discussed below.

=== 7.1 Television and Radio Broadcasting ===
DTH television is a familiar example of satellite communication. Television programmes are transmitted from broadcasting stations to satellites. The satellites then send the signals towards receiving dish antennas installed at homes.

This allows people in different regions to watch the same television programmes.

=== 7.2 Satellite Internet ===
In some rural areas, mountain regions and remote locations, normal broadband services may not be available. Satellite internet can help provide connectivity in these places.

It is particularly useful where laying optical fibre cables or establishing mobile network infrastructure is difficult.

=== 7.3 Mobile and Remote Communication ===
Satellite communication is useful for ships, aircraft and people working in remote locations. It helps them stay connected even when ordinary mobile networks are unavailable.

Satellite phones are one example of this type of communication.

=== 7.4 Navigation Systems ===
Satellite navigation systems such as GPS and Galileo help users identify their location and find suitable travel routes.

For example, when we use a navigation application on a mobile phone, signals from navigation satellites help the device calculate its position.

It is important to understand that navigation satellites mainly provide positioning and timing information. Their purpose is different from that of ordinary communication satellites.

=== 7.5 Weather Monitoring ===
Weather satellites are used to observe clouds, storms and other atmospheric conditions. The information collected by these satellites helps meteorologists prepare weather forecasts.

They are also useful for monitoring cyclones and providing early warnings about severe weather conditions.

=== 7.6 Defence Communication ===
Satellite communication plays an important role in the defence sector. It helps military organisations exchange information over long distances.

It is also used for surveillance, communication between remote stations and other defence-related activities.

=== 7.7 Disaster Communication ===
Natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods and cyclones can damage ordinary communication networks.

During such situations, satellite communication can help rescue teams and emergency services exchange important information. This makes coordination easier during relief and rescue operations.

== 8. Conclusion ==
Satellite communication has become an important part of modern communication engineering. It helps connect distant places and provides communication facilities in areas where ordinary network infrastructure is difficult to establish.

The system mainly works through two segments: the Space Segment and the Ground Segment. Signals travel from an Earth station to a satellite through the uplink. The transponder processes the received signals and sends them back to Earth through the downlink.

LEO, MEO and GEO satellites are used for different purposes depending on their orbital positions and communication requirements.

From television broadcasting and internet services to remote communication and disaster management, satellite technology has many practical applications. With the development of advanced satellite networks and future communication technologies such as 6G, its importance is expected to increase further.

== 9. References ==

# Dennis Roddy, ''Satellite Communications'', McGraw-Hill.
# Timothy Pratt, Charles Bostian and Jeremy Allnutt, ''Satellite Communications'', Wiley.
# NASA – National Aeronautics and Space Administration: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.nasa.gov/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# ISRO – Indian Space Research Organisation: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.isro.gov.in/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# International Telecommunication Union (ITU): &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.itu.int/&lt;/nowiki&gt;
# European Space Agency (ESA): &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.esa.int/&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>g8k4pq1zei28he9cz0w6rf8k7a80if5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:The Abyssal sky/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486640</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679066</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T18:46:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>The Abyssal sky</username>
        <id>3629525</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added Telugu introduction and explanation of Digital Communication System.</comment>
      <origin>4679066</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6464" sha1="6ayzxsh7a6wggyean5vqwq6lnd2wpd1" xml:space="preserve">= డిజిటల్ కమ్యూనికేషన్‌లో ఇంటర్-సింబల్ ఇంటర్‌ఫెరెన్స్ మరియు ఈక్వలైజేషన్ =

==1. పరిచయం ==

డిజిటల్ కమ్యూనికేషన్ ఈ రోజుల్లో సాంకేతిక ప్రపంచంలో ముఖ్యమైన భాగంగా ఉంది. ఇప్పుడు మనం మొబైల్ ఫోన్లు, కంప్యూటర్లు, ఇంటర్నెట్, Wi-Fi, శాటిలైట్ కమ్యూనికేషన్, ఇతర వైర్‌లెస్ పరికరాలతో సమాచారాన్ని ఒక చోటు నుంచి మరొక చోటుకు త్వరగా పంపించగలుగుతున్నాము. ఈ సమాచారంలో వాయిస్, టెక్స్ట్, చిత్రాలు, వీడియోలు, ఇతర డేటా ఉంటాయి. ఈ సమాచారాన్ని డిజిటల్ రూపంలో అంటే 0 మరియు 1లుగా మార్చి పంపించే విధానాన్ని Digital Communication అంటారు.

ఒక సాధారణ Digital Communication System లో మూడు ముఖ్యమైన భాగాలు ఉంటాయి. అవి Transmitter, Communication Channel, మరియు Receiver. మొదట Transmitter మనకు అవసరమైన సమాచారాన్ని డిజిటల్ సిగ్నల్‌గా మార్చుతుంది. ఆ తర్వాత ఆ సిగ్నల్ Communication Channel ద్వారా ప్రయాణించి Receiver కు చేరుతుంది. Receiver ఆ సిగ్నల్‌ను స్వీకరించి అసలు సమాచారాన్ని తిరిగి పొందడానికి ప్రయత్నిస్తుంది.

అయితే, Transmitter నుండి పంపిన సిగ్నల్ Communication Channel ద్వారా ప్రయాణించే సమయంలో అనేక రకాల సమస్యలను ఎదుర్కొంటుంది. ముఖ్యంగా Channel లో Bandwidth పరిమితులు, Signal Distortion, Multipath Propagation మరియు ఇతర కారణాల వల్ల సిగ్నల్ యొక్క అసలు ఆకారం మారిపోతుంది. దీని వల్ల Receiver కు చేరే సిగ్నల్ Transmitter నుండి పంపిన సిగ్నల్‌తో పోలిస్తే కొంత భిన్నంగా ఉంటుంది.

Digital Communication లో ఎదురయ్యే ముఖ్యమైన సమస్యల్లో Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) ఒకటి. ఒక Symbol కు సంబంధించిన సిగ్నల్ ప్రభావం తరువాత వచ్చే Symbol పై పడితే దానిని Inter-Symbol Interference అంటారు. సాధారణంగా ప్రతి Symbol ఒక నిర్దిష్ట సమయ వ్యవధిలో Receiver కు చేరాలి. కానీ Channel ప్రభావం వల్ల ఒక Symbol యొక్క పల్స్ ఎక్కువ సమయం కొనసాగి, తరువాతి Symbol తో కలిసిపోవచ్చు. దీనివల్ల Receiver కు ఏ Symbol పంపించారో ఖచ్చితంగా గుర్తించడం కష్టం అవుతుంది. ఫలితంగా Data Transmission లో Errors వచ్చే అవకాశం ఉంటుంది.

ఉదాహరణకు, మనం ఒక మొబైల్ ఫోన్ ద్వారా మరొక వ్యక్తికి సమాచారాన్ని పంపుతున్నప్పుడు, పంపిన సిగ్నల్ స్పష్టంగా Receiver కు చేరాలి. కానీ సిగ్నల్ ప్రయాణించే సమయంలో Distortion లేదా Multipath Propagation జరిగితే అసలు సిగ్నల్‌లో మార్పులు రావచ్చు. ఈ రకమైన సమస్యలు Digital Communication నాణ్యతపై ప్రభావం చూపిస్తాయి.

ఈ సమస్యను తగ్గించడానికి ఉపయోగించే ముఖ్యమైన పద్ధతి Equalization. Equalization అనేది Receiver వద్ద ఉపయోగించే ఒక Signal Processing Technique. ఇది Communication Channel వల్ల ఏర్పడిన Signal Distortion మరియు Inter-Symbol Interference ప్రభావాన్ని తగ్గించడానికి సహాయపడుతుంది. Equalizer సహాయంతో వచ్చిన సిగ్నల్‌ను సరిచేసి, పంపిన అసలు సమాచారాన్ని సాధ్యమైనంత శుద్ధంగా తిరిగి పొందవచ్చు.

ప్రస్తుతం High-Speed Internet, Mobile Communication, Wireless Networks, Satellite Communication మరియు ఇతర ఆధునిక కమ్యూనికేషన్ వ్యవస్థల్లో Equalization చాలా ముఖ్యమైన పాత్ర వహిస్తుంది. ముఖ్యంగా ఎక్కువ వేగంతో డేటాను పంపేటప్పుడు ISI ప్రభావాన్ని తగ్గించాల్సిన అవసరం ఉంది.

ఈ అధ్యాయంలో Inter-Symbol Interference అంటే ఏమిటి, అది ఎలా ఏర్పడుతుంది, దాని వల్ల కలిగే ప్రభావాలు, Equalization ఎలా పని చేస్తుంది, వివిధ రకాల Equalizers ఏమిటి మరియు వాటిని ఎలా ఉపయోగిస్తారు అనే విషయాలను వివరంగా తెలుసుకుందాం.</text>
      <sha1>6ayzxsh7a6wggyean5vqwq6lnd2wpd1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679103</id>
      <parentid>4679066</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:44:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Requesting deletion ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]] v3.1d)</comment>
      <origin>4679103</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6587" sha1="jv9a029meosp3tqr2gem5h0y11xbt4j" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{delete|1=Wrong language &lt;small&gt;[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]]&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
= డిజిటల్ కమ్యూనికేషన్‌లో ఇంటర్-సింబల్ ఇంటర్‌ఫెరెన్స్ మరియు ఈక్వలైజేషన్ =

==1. పరిచయం ==

డిజిటల్ కమ్యూనికేషన్ ఈ రోజుల్లో సాంకేతిక ప్రపంచంలో ముఖ్యమైన భాగంగా ఉంది. ఇప్పుడు మనం మొబైల్ ఫోన్లు, కంప్యూటర్లు, ఇంటర్నెట్, Wi-Fi, శాటిలైట్ కమ్యూనికేషన్, ఇతర వైర్‌లెస్ పరికరాలతో సమాచారాన్ని ఒక చోటు నుంచి మరొక చోటుకు త్వరగా పంపించగలుగుతున్నాము. ఈ సమాచారంలో వాయిస్, టెక్స్ట్, చిత్రాలు, వీడియోలు, ఇతర డేటా ఉంటాయి. ఈ సమాచారాన్ని డిజిటల్ రూపంలో అంటే 0 మరియు 1లుగా మార్చి పంపించే విధానాన్ని Digital Communication అంటారు.

ఒక సాధారణ Digital Communication System లో మూడు ముఖ్యమైన భాగాలు ఉంటాయి. అవి Transmitter, Communication Channel, మరియు Receiver. మొదట Transmitter మనకు అవసరమైన సమాచారాన్ని డిజిటల్ సిగ్నల్‌గా మార్చుతుంది. ఆ తర్వాత ఆ సిగ్నల్ Communication Channel ద్వారా ప్రయాణించి Receiver కు చేరుతుంది. Receiver ఆ సిగ్నల్‌ను స్వీకరించి అసలు సమాచారాన్ని తిరిగి పొందడానికి ప్రయత్నిస్తుంది.

అయితే, Transmitter నుండి పంపిన సిగ్నల్ Communication Channel ద్వారా ప్రయాణించే సమయంలో అనేక రకాల సమస్యలను ఎదుర్కొంటుంది. ముఖ్యంగా Channel లో Bandwidth పరిమితులు, Signal Distortion, Multipath Propagation మరియు ఇతర కారణాల వల్ల సిగ్నల్ యొక్క అసలు ఆకారం మారిపోతుంది. దీని వల్ల Receiver కు చేరే సిగ్నల్ Transmitter నుండి పంపిన సిగ్నల్‌తో పోలిస్తే కొంత భిన్నంగా ఉంటుంది.

Digital Communication లో ఎదురయ్యే ముఖ్యమైన సమస్యల్లో Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) ఒకటి. ఒక Symbol కు సంబంధించిన సిగ్నల్ ప్రభావం తరువాత వచ్చే Symbol పై పడితే దానిని Inter-Symbol Interference అంటారు. సాధారణంగా ప్రతి Symbol ఒక నిర్దిష్ట సమయ వ్యవధిలో Receiver కు చేరాలి. కానీ Channel ప్రభావం వల్ల ఒక Symbol యొక్క పల్స్ ఎక్కువ సమయం కొనసాగి, తరువాతి Symbol తో కలిసిపోవచ్చు. దీనివల్ల Receiver కు ఏ Symbol పంపించారో ఖచ్చితంగా గుర్తించడం కష్టం అవుతుంది. ఫలితంగా Data Transmission లో Errors వచ్చే అవకాశం ఉంటుంది.

ఉదాహరణకు, మనం ఒక మొబైల్ ఫోన్ ద్వారా మరొక వ్యక్తికి సమాచారాన్ని పంపుతున్నప్పుడు, పంపిన సిగ్నల్ స్పష్టంగా Receiver కు చేరాలి. కానీ సిగ్నల్ ప్రయాణించే సమయంలో Distortion లేదా Multipath Propagation జరిగితే అసలు సిగ్నల్‌లో మార్పులు రావచ్చు. ఈ రకమైన సమస్యలు Digital Communication నాణ్యతపై ప్రభావం చూపిస్తాయి.

ఈ సమస్యను తగ్గించడానికి ఉపయోగించే ముఖ్యమైన పద్ధతి Equalization. Equalization అనేది Receiver వద్ద ఉపయోగించే ఒక Signal Processing Technique. ఇది Communication Channel వల్ల ఏర్పడిన Signal Distortion మరియు Inter-Symbol Interference ప్రభావాన్ని తగ్గించడానికి సహాయపడుతుంది. Equalizer సహాయంతో వచ్చిన సిగ్నల్‌ను సరిచేసి, పంపిన అసలు సమాచారాన్ని సాధ్యమైనంత శుద్ధంగా తిరిగి పొందవచ్చు.

ప్రస్తుతం High-Speed Internet, Mobile Communication, Wireless Networks, Satellite Communication మరియు ఇతర ఆధునిక కమ్యూనికేషన్ వ్యవస్థల్లో Equalization చాలా ముఖ్యమైన పాత్ర వహిస్తుంది. ముఖ్యంగా ఎక్కువ వేగంతో డేటాను పంపేటప్పుడు ISI ప్రభావాన్ని తగ్గించాల్సిన అవసరం ఉంది.

ఈ అధ్యాయంలో Inter-Symbol Interference అంటే ఏమిటి, అది ఎలా ఏర్పడుతుంది, దాని వల్ల కలిగే ప్రభావాలు, Equalization ఎలా పని చేస్తుంది, వివిధ రకాల Equalizers ఏమిటి మరియు వాటిని ఎలా ఉపయోగిస్తారు అనే విషయాలను వివరంగా తెలుసుకుందాం.</text>
      <sha1>jv9a029meosp3tqr2gem5h0y11xbt4j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>The Book of Perilous Dishes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486643</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679077</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T20:40:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TudorelSandiLulu</username>
        <id>3629840</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;== A Literary Study Guide == [[File:Books by Doina Rusti.jpg|thumb|Book by Doina Ruști]]  === Introduction === ''The Book of Perilous Dishes'' is a historical fantasy novel by Romanian novelist Doina Ruști. Originally published in Romanian as ''Mâța Vinerii'' (2017), it was translated into English by James Christian Brown and published by Neem Tree Press in London in 2022.  Set primarily in Bucharest in 1798, the novel combines historical fiction, folklore, mystery a...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679077</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6249" sha1="pcpby0thvdcamp6f2f3mbisfbwhmwje" xml:space="preserve">== A Literary Study Guide ==
[[File:Books by Doina Rusti.jpg|thumb|Book by Doina Ruști]]

=== Introduction ===
''The Book of Perilous Dishes'' is a historical fantasy novel by Romanian novelist Doina Ruști. Originally published in Romanian as ''Mâța Vinerii'' (2017), it was translated into English by James Christian Brown and published by Neem Tree Press in London in 2022.

Set primarily in Bucharest in 1798, the novel combines historical fiction, folklore, mystery and the supernatural. It explores the relationship between food, power, memory and identity in the multicultural world of Phanariot-era Wallachia.

The novel forms part of Ruști's Phanariot Trilogy, alongside ''The Phanariot Manuscript'' and ''Homeric''. The three novels are independent narratives connected by their historical setting and literary universe.

=== Plot Overview ===
The story centres on Pâtca, a fourteen-year-old girl initiated into occult knowledge, who travels to Bucharest in search of a mysterious book of magical recipes.

The manuscript belongs to her family but has disappeared. Her uncle, Cuviosu Zăval, has been murdered, leaving behind a strange map that may help her recover the book.

Meanwhile, a gifted cook named Silica possesses the coveted manuscript. His extraordinary dishes have attracted the attention of the ruling prince, who brings him to the palace.

The recipes have supernatural effects: they can provoke uncontrollable honesty, erase memories, enable predictions or produce unexpected transformations.

Pâtca's search gradually reveals secrets about her family, her identity and the powers associated with the lost manuscript.

=== Historical Setting: Bucharest in 1798 ===
The action takes place during the Phanariot period, when Wallachia was governed by princes appointed within the political sphere of the Ottoman Empire.

Late eighteenth-century Bucharest was a culturally diverse urban environment where Greek, Ottoman, Balkan and local Romanian traditions intersected.

The novel draws on this setting to construct a fictional world of palaces, kitchens, markets, servants and merchants. Its historical elements coexist with imaginary practices, supernatural events and magical objects.

Readers should distinguish the documented historical context from the fantasy elements developed by the novelist.

=== Major Themes ===
'''1. Food and power'''

Cooking is presented as more than a domestic activity. Food becomes a means of influencing emotions, behaviour and social relationships. The magical recipes raise questions about who controls knowledge and how such knowledge can be used.

'''2. Memory and identity'''

The disappearance of the manuscript leads Pâtca towards discoveries about her own origins. The magical possibilities of forgetting and remembering connect personal identity with inherited knowledge.

'''3. Knowledge and its dangers'''

The recipe book is both a valuable inheritance and a dangerous object. Its powers suggest that knowledge cannot be separated from the ethical choices of those who possess it.

'''4. The fantastic and the historical'''

The novel combines a recognisable historical setting with supernatural events. Students may examine how fantasy changes the reader's perception of the past without replacing historical reality.

'''5. Cultural encounters'''

The Bucharest represented in the novel brings together multiple languages, traditions, foods and social customs. This setting offers an opportunity to discuss cultural exchange and the literary representation of Balkan history.

=== Narrative and Literary Techniques ===
The novel offers several possible directions for literary analysis:

* The relationship between the young protagonist's perspective and the larger historical world.
* The role of the magical manuscript as an object that motivates the plot.
* The combination of mystery, adventure and historical fiction.
* The use of culinary imagery and sensory detail.
* The interaction between realistic descriptions and supernatural events.

These features may be examined through close reading of the novel, with attention to the language and narrative structure of the English translation.

=== Questions for Students ===

# Why does the search for the recipe book become a search for personal identity?
# How does the historical setting influence the conflicts between characters?
# What is the relationship between cooking and political or social power?
# How does the novel connect memory with family history?
# Which elements belong to historical fiction, and which to fantasy?
# What ethical questions arise from the possibility of controlling another person's memory or emotions?
# How does the novel represent the cultural diversity of eighteenth-century Bucharest?
# How does the translation make a historically and culturally specific fictional world accessible to English-language readers?

=== Suggested Classroom Activities ===
'''Historical context:''' Research Phanariot-era Wallachia and identify which elements of the novel reflect documented historical conditions.

'''Literary comparison:''' Compare the use of magical objects in ''The Book of Perilous Dishes'' with their function in another fantasy or folklore-based narrative.

'''Creative writing:''' Invent a fictional recipe with an unexpected effect and explain its consequences for the characters who use it.

'''Translation and culture:''' Identify culturally specific words or references in the English edition and discuss the challenges they may create for translators.

=== Publication Details ===

* '''Author:''' Doina Ruști
* '''Original title:''' ''Mâța Vinerii''
* '''Original publication:''' Polirom, 2017
* '''English title:''' ''The Book of Perilous Dishes''
* '''Translator:''' James Christian Brown
* '''English publisher:''' Neem Tree Press, London, 2022
* '''ISBN (paperback):''' 9781911107446
* '''Genre:''' Historical fantasy

=== References and Further Reading ===

* Ruști, Doina. ''Mâța Vinerii''. Polirom, 2017.
* Ruști, Doina. ''The Book of Perilous Dishes''. Translated by James Christian Brown. Neem Tree Press, 2022.
* The Book of Perilous Dishes – Author's website
* The Book of Perilous Dishes – English excerpt
* Critical reception and reviews</text>
      <sha1>pcpby0thvdcamp6f2f3mbisfbwhmwje</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679101</id>
      <parentid>4679077</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:43:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Requesting deletion ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]] v3.1d)</comment>
      <origin>4679101</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6378" sha1="ep7ddvhnki6hdbkhzbo1qhxalmxi2jr" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{delete|1=Out of project scope &lt;small&gt;[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]]&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
== A Literary Study Guide ==
[[File:Books by Doina Rusti.jpg|thumb|Book by Doina Ruști]]

=== Introduction ===
''The Book of Perilous Dishes'' is a historical fantasy novel by Romanian novelist Doina Ruști. Originally published in Romanian as ''Mâța Vinerii'' (2017), it was translated into English by James Christian Brown and published by Neem Tree Press in London in 2022.

Set primarily in Bucharest in 1798, the novel combines historical fiction, folklore, mystery and the supernatural. It explores the relationship between food, power, memory and identity in the multicultural world of Phanariot-era Wallachia.

The novel forms part of Ruști's Phanariot Trilogy, alongside ''The Phanariot Manuscript'' and ''Homeric''. The three novels are independent narratives connected by their historical setting and literary universe.

=== Plot Overview ===
The story centres on Pâtca, a fourteen-year-old girl initiated into occult knowledge, who travels to Bucharest in search of a mysterious book of magical recipes.

The manuscript belongs to her family but has disappeared. Her uncle, Cuviosu Zăval, has been murdered, leaving behind a strange map that may help her recover the book.

Meanwhile, a gifted cook named Silica possesses the coveted manuscript. His extraordinary dishes have attracted the attention of the ruling prince, who brings him to the palace.

The recipes have supernatural effects: they can provoke uncontrollable honesty, erase memories, enable predictions or produce unexpected transformations.

Pâtca's search gradually reveals secrets about her family, her identity and the powers associated with the lost manuscript.

=== Historical Setting: Bucharest in 1798 ===
The action takes place during the Phanariot period, when Wallachia was governed by princes appointed within the political sphere of the Ottoman Empire.

Late eighteenth-century Bucharest was a culturally diverse urban environment where Greek, Ottoman, Balkan and local Romanian traditions intersected.

The novel draws on this setting to construct a fictional world of palaces, kitchens, markets, servants and merchants. Its historical elements coexist with imaginary practices, supernatural events and magical objects.

Readers should distinguish the documented historical context from the fantasy elements developed by the novelist.

=== Major Themes ===
'''1. Food and power'''

Cooking is presented as more than a domestic activity. Food becomes a means of influencing emotions, behaviour and social relationships. The magical recipes raise questions about who controls knowledge and how such knowledge can be used.

'''2. Memory and identity'''

The disappearance of the manuscript leads Pâtca towards discoveries about her own origins. The magical possibilities of forgetting and remembering connect personal identity with inherited knowledge.

'''3. Knowledge and its dangers'''

The recipe book is both a valuable inheritance and a dangerous object. Its powers suggest that knowledge cannot be separated from the ethical choices of those who possess it.

'''4. The fantastic and the historical'''

The novel combines a recognisable historical setting with supernatural events. Students may examine how fantasy changes the reader's perception of the past without replacing historical reality.

'''5. Cultural encounters'''

The Bucharest represented in the novel brings together multiple languages, traditions, foods and social customs. This setting offers an opportunity to discuss cultural exchange and the literary representation of Balkan history.

=== Narrative and Literary Techniques ===
The novel offers several possible directions for literary analysis:

* The relationship between the young protagonist's perspective and the larger historical world.
* The role of the magical manuscript as an object that motivates the plot.
* The combination of mystery, adventure and historical fiction.
* The use of culinary imagery and sensory detail.
* The interaction between realistic descriptions and supernatural events.

These features may be examined through close reading of the novel, with attention to the language and narrative structure of the English translation.

=== Questions for Students ===

# Why does the search for the recipe book become a search for personal identity?
# How does the historical setting influence the conflicts between characters?
# What is the relationship between cooking and political or social power?
# How does the novel connect memory with family history?
# Which elements belong to historical fiction, and which to fantasy?
# What ethical questions arise from the possibility of controlling another person's memory or emotions?
# How does the novel represent the cultural diversity of eighteenth-century Bucharest?
# How does the translation make a historically and culturally specific fictional world accessible to English-language readers?

=== Suggested Classroom Activities ===
'''Historical context:''' Research Phanariot-era Wallachia and identify which elements of the novel reflect documented historical conditions.

'''Literary comparison:''' Compare the use of magical objects in ''The Book of Perilous Dishes'' with their function in another fantasy or folklore-based narrative.

'''Creative writing:''' Invent a fictional recipe with an unexpected effect and explain its consequences for the characters who use it.

'''Translation and culture:''' Identify culturally specific words or references in the English edition and discuss the challenges they may create for translators.

=== Publication Details ===

* '''Author:''' Doina Ruști
* '''Original title:''' ''Mâța Vinerii''
* '''Original publication:''' Polirom, 2017
* '''English title:''' ''The Book of Perilous Dishes''
* '''Translator:''' James Christian Brown
* '''English publisher:''' Neem Tree Press, London, 2022
* '''ISBN (paperback):''' 9781911107446
* '''Genre:''' Historical fantasy

=== References and Further Reading ===

* Ruști, Doina. ''Mâța Vinerii''. Polirom, 2017.
* Ruști, Doina. ''The Book of Perilous Dishes''. Translated by James Christian Brown. Neem Tree Press, 2022.
* The Book of Perilous Dishes – Author's website
* The Book of Perilous Dishes – English excerpt
* Critical reception and reviews</text>
      <sha1>ep7ddvhnki6hdbkhzbo1qhxalmxi2jr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>The Phanariot Manuscript - A Case Study în Literary Balkanism</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486644</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679085</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T21:02:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>TudorelSandiLulu</username>
        <id>3629840</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot; == Introduction == ''The Phanariot Manuscript'' ([https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscrisul_fanariot ''Manuscrisul fanariot'',] 2015) is a historical novel by Romanian novelist [[wikipedia:Doina_Ruști|Doina Ruști]]. Set in late eighteenth-century Bucharest, it explores cultural diversity, slavery, freedom, love, social mobility and the relationship between documented history and the fantastic.  The novel belongs to the Phanariot Trilogy, alongside ''The Book of Peri...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679085</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6089" sha1="es0t962tua11s0uj66rjxk3m3b6w9md" xml:space="preserve">
== Introduction ==
''The Phanariot Manuscript'' ([https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscrisul_fanariot ''Manuscrisul fanariot'',] 2015) is a historical novel by Romanian novelist [[wikipedia:Doina_Ruști|Doina Ruști]]. Set in late eighteenth-century Bucharest, it explores cultural diversity, slavery, freedom, love, social mobility and the relationship between documented history and the fantastic.

The novel belongs to the Phanariot Trilogy, alongside ''[[The Book of Perilous Dishes]]'' (2017) and ''[https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeric_(roman) Homeric]'' (2019).

It offers a useful case study for examining '''literary [https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balcanism Balkanism]''', particularly the representation of cultural mixture, unstable identities, historical contradictions and the coexistence of ordinary life with supernatural beliefs.

== 1. What Is Literary Balkanism? ==
Literary Balkanism refers to ways in which Balkan history, cultural encounters and regional traditions are represented and transformed through literature.

In Romanian literary criticism, [https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mircea_Muthu Mircea Muthu] has [[wikipedia:Doina_Ruști|examined]] Balkanism as an aesthetic and cultural phenomenon.

In studying ''The Phanariot Manuscript'', several characteristics are particularly relevant: the interaction of languages and traditions, fluid social identities, the coexistence of contradictory beliefs, and the relationship between historical reality and imaginative invention.

The novel provides an opportunity to investigate these characteristics through its characters, narrative structure and historical setting.

== 2. Bucharest as a Multicultural City ==
The story follows Leun, a seventeen-year-old tailor from Salonica who travels to [[Bucharest]], attracted by the promise of a prosperous and pleasurable life.

Instead, he discovers a society marked by social inequalities, cultural diversity, political instability and changing identities.

Bucharest appears as a meeting place of Ottoman, Greek, Romanian and other Balkan traditions.

The city is not merely a historical background. Its streets, markets, workshops, houses and social institutions actively influence the development of the narrative.

== 3. Freedom, Slavery and Identity ==
One of the novel's central conflicts concerns the relationship between individual freedom and the institution of slavery.

Leun falls in love with Maiorca, an enslaved young woman. Their relationship confronts him with legal and social restrictions that challenge his understanding of freedom.

The novel draws inspiration from an authentic document dated 1796, concerning a free man who accepted enslavement in order to marry an enslaved woman.

This historical foundation allows the narrative to investigate how love, personal identity and social institutions intersect.

== 4. Magic, Enchantment and Deception ==
The fantastic is closely connected to the novel's representation of Balkan culture.

Magic, superstitions, rumours and unusual beliefs coexist with practical concerns such as money, clothing, marriage and social status.

The Romanian concept of ''amăgire'', suggesting illusion, deception or enchantment, provides one possible interpretive approach.

Leun's journey begins with an idealised image of Bucharest. His encounter with the actual city repeatedly transforms his expectations.

Enchantment therefore operates both through supernatural beliefs and through the attraction of imagined possibilities.

== 5. The Historical Manuscript as a Literary Device ==
The manuscript referred to in the title connects archival history with fictional invention.

Rather than simply reproducing a historical document, the novel transforms it into a narrative presence.

This technique encourages readers to distinguish among historical evidence, the novelist's interpretation and the imaginary world created around documented events.

== 6. Narrative Structure and Symbolic Vocabulary ==
The novel is organised into five sections associated with significant terms:

* Bucharest
* Stranger
* Slave
* Magic
* ''Kilipir'' (a bargain or advantageous acquisition)

These terms offer different perspectives on Phanariot society.

Together, they suggest that the fictional world can be understood through the interaction of geographical identity, social position, belief and economic desire.

== 7. Literary Balkanism and the Phanariot Trilogy ==
''The Phanariot Manuscript'' develops the historical and social dimensions of a fictional universe continued through two independent narratives.

In ''The Book of Perilous Dishes'', Balkan cultural mixture is explored through cooking, magical recipes and secret knowledge.

In ''Homeric'', the same historical environment provides a setting for love, supernatural encounters and myth.

The trilogy can therefore be approached comparatively through three interconnected fields: history and social freedom, food and enchantment, and desire and the fantastic.

== Questions for Students ==

# How does Leun's journey challenge his expectations of Bucharest?
# What forms of cultural mixture appear in the novel?
# How does the relationship between Leun and Maiorca illuminate the historical institution of slavery?
# What is the function of the authentic manuscript within the fictional narrative?
# How do magic and everyday reality coexist?
# Can the concept of ''amăgire'' help explain the novel's treatment of desire and identity?
# In what ways might the novel challenge stereotypical representations of the Balkans?

== Bibliography and Further Reading ==

* Ruști, Doina. ''Manuscrisul fanariot''. Polirom, 2015.
* Muthu, Mircea. ''Balcanismul literar românesc''. Consult the relevant edition for the complete bibliographic reference.
* Puskás-Bajkó, Albina. “Maiorca or on the Gipsy Magic Realism of Seduction in Doina Ruști's Manuscrisul fanariot.” ''Journal of Romanian Literary Studies'', no. 9, 2016, pp. 544–548.
* The Phanariot Manuscript – Novel and Historical Context
* Critical Reception of the Novel
* The Manuscript Behind the Novel</text>
      <sha1>es0t962tua11s0uj66rjxk3m3b6w9md</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679102</id>
      <parentid>4679085</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:43:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Requesting deletion ([[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]] v3.1d)</comment>
      <origin>4679102</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6218" sha1="ens7jv8nj01sucxt6ord1zwxvu8oide" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{delete|1=Out of project scope &lt;small&gt;[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/User:TenWhile6/XReport|XReport]]&lt;/small&gt;}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

== Introduction ==
''The Phanariot Manuscript'' ([https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuscrisul_fanariot ''Manuscrisul fanariot'',] 2015) is a historical novel by Romanian novelist [[wikipedia:Doina_Ruști|Doina Ruști]]. Set in late eighteenth-century Bucharest, it explores cultural diversity, slavery, freedom, love, social mobility and the relationship between documented history and the fantastic.

The novel belongs to the Phanariot Trilogy, alongside ''[[The Book of Perilous Dishes]]'' (2017) and ''[https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homeric_(roman) Homeric]'' (2019).

It offers a useful case study for examining '''literary [https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balcanism Balkanism]''', particularly the representation of cultural mixture, unstable identities, historical contradictions and the coexistence of ordinary life with supernatural beliefs.

== 1. What Is Literary Balkanism? ==
Literary Balkanism refers to ways in which Balkan history, cultural encounters and regional traditions are represented and transformed through literature.

In Romanian literary criticism, [https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mircea_Muthu Mircea Muthu] has [[wikipedia:Doina_Ruști|examined]] Balkanism as an aesthetic and cultural phenomenon.

In studying ''The Phanariot Manuscript'', several characteristics are particularly relevant: the interaction of languages and traditions, fluid social identities, the coexistence of contradictory beliefs, and the relationship between historical reality and imaginative invention.

The novel provides an opportunity to investigate these characteristics through its characters, narrative structure and historical setting.

== 2. Bucharest as a Multicultural City ==
The story follows Leun, a seventeen-year-old tailor from Salonica who travels to [[Bucharest]], attracted by the promise of a prosperous and pleasurable life.

Instead, he discovers a society marked by social inequalities, cultural diversity, political instability and changing identities.

Bucharest appears as a meeting place of Ottoman, Greek, Romanian and other Balkan traditions.

The city is not merely a historical background. Its streets, markets, workshops, houses and social institutions actively influence the development of the narrative.

== 3. Freedom, Slavery and Identity ==
One of the novel's central conflicts concerns the relationship between individual freedom and the institution of slavery.

Leun falls in love with Maiorca, an enslaved young woman. Their relationship confronts him with legal and social restrictions that challenge his understanding of freedom.

The novel draws inspiration from an authentic document dated 1796, concerning a free man who accepted enslavement in order to marry an enslaved woman.

This historical foundation allows the narrative to investigate how love, personal identity and social institutions intersect.

== 4. Magic, Enchantment and Deception ==
The fantastic is closely connected to the novel's representation of Balkan culture.

Magic, superstitions, rumours and unusual beliefs coexist with practical concerns such as money, clothing, marriage and social status.

The Romanian concept of ''amăgire'', suggesting illusion, deception or enchantment, provides one possible interpretive approach.

Leun's journey begins with an idealised image of Bucharest. His encounter with the actual city repeatedly transforms his expectations.

Enchantment therefore operates both through supernatural beliefs and through the attraction of imagined possibilities.

== 5. The Historical Manuscript as a Literary Device ==
The manuscript referred to in the title connects archival history with fictional invention.

Rather than simply reproducing a historical document, the novel transforms it into a narrative presence.

This technique encourages readers to distinguish among historical evidence, the novelist's interpretation and the imaginary world created around documented events.

== 6. Narrative Structure and Symbolic Vocabulary ==
The novel is organised into five sections associated with significant terms:

* Bucharest
* Stranger
* Slave
* Magic
* ''Kilipir'' (a bargain or advantageous acquisition)

These terms offer different perspectives on Phanariot society.

Together, they suggest that the fictional world can be understood through the interaction of geographical identity, social position, belief and economic desire.

== 7. Literary Balkanism and the Phanariot Trilogy ==
''The Phanariot Manuscript'' develops the historical and social dimensions of a fictional universe continued through two independent narratives.

In ''The Book of Perilous Dishes'', Balkan cultural mixture is explored through cooking, magical recipes and secret knowledge.

In ''Homeric'', the same historical environment provides a setting for love, supernatural encounters and myth.

The trilogy can therefore be approached comparatively through three interconnected fields: history and social freedom, food and enchantment, and desire and the fantastic.

== Questions for Students ==

# How does Leun's journey challenge his expectations of Bucharest?
# What forms of cultural mixture appear in the novel?
# How does the relationship between Leun and Maiorca illuminate the historical institution of slavery?
# What is the function of the authentic manuscript within the fictional narrative?
# How do magic and everyday reality coexist?
# Can the concept of ''amăgire'' help explain the novel's treatment of desire and identity?
# In what ways might the novel challenge stereotypical representations of the Balkans?

== Bibliography and Further Reading ==

* Ruști, Doina. ''Manuscrisul fanariot''. Polirom, 2015.
* Muthu, Mircea. ''Balcanismul literar românesc''. Consult the relevant edition for the complete bibliographic reference.
* Puskás-Bajkó, Albina. “Maiorca or on the Gipsy Magic Realism of Seduction in Doina Ruști's Manuscrisul fanariot.” ''Journal of Romanian Literary Studies'', no. 9, 2016, pp. 544–548.
* The Phanariot Manuscript – Novel and Historical Context
* Critical Reception of the Novel
* The Manuscript Behind the Novel</text>
      <sha1>ens7jv8nj01sucxt6ord1zwxvu8oide</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Googology/Bashicu Matrix System</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486645</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679094</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-30T22:17:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-57869-60</username>
        <id>3629856</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Nothing</comment>
      <origin>4679094</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5" sha1="5lnbgtd9t58bpq5zqsr70eh5si9u4tv" xml:space="preserve">Penis</text>
      <sha1>5lnbgtd9t58bpq5zqsr70eh5si9u4tv</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679099</id>
      <parentid>4679094</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:42:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Marking for speedy deletion: Vandalism</comment>
      <origin>4679099</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="63" sha1="4hog7i4moubp0so422k1ntlihsunlfc" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Vandalism}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
Penis</text>
      <sha1>4hog7i4moubp0so422k1ntlihsunlfc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:~2026-57869-60</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>486646</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679100</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T00:42:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Notifying author of speedy deletion nomination</comment>
      <origin>4679100</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="874" sha1="i4gmizow5goemt2grm09rpjggs808bn" xml:space="preserve">
== I have added a tag to a page you created ==
Hi! I'm MathXplore, and I recently reviewed your page, [[:Googology/Bashicu Matrix System]]. I have added a tag to the page, because it &lt;strong&gt;may meet the [[Wikibooks:Deletion policy#Speedy deletions|criteria for speedy deletion]].&lt;/strong&gt; This means that it can be deleted at any time.  If you believe that your page should not be deleted, please post a message on [[Talk:Googology/Bashicu Matrix System|the page's talk page]] explaining why. &lt;strong&gt;If your reasoning is convincing, your page may be saved.&lt;/strong&gt; If you have any questions or concerns, please [[User talk:MathXplore|let me know]]. Thank you! &lt;!-- Substituted from User:JJPMaster/CurateThisPage/authorMsg --&gt; [[User:MathXplore|MathXplore]] ([[User talk:MathXplore|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/MathXplore|contribs]]) 00:42, 31 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>i4gmizow5goemt2grm09rpjggs808bn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mamiya-6 IVB Owner's Guide</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486647</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679110</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T04:45:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Start a beginner guide to the Mamiya-6 IVB folding camera</comment>
      <origin>4679110</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1654" sha1="fu186iyfo1gim8fdg1rhzglr6bueqrd" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-6 IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' cock the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' cock the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Cock || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>fu186iyfo1gim8fdg1rhzglr6bueqrd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679112</id>
      <parentid>4679110</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T04:47:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Opening the camera</comment>
      <origin>4679112</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2192" sha1="llbwstr5o1hsoaml2t8qta4oom82x1n" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-6 IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' cock the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' cock the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Cock || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>llbwstr5o1hsoaml2t8qta4oom82x1n</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679114</id>
      <parentid>4679112</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T04:54:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679114</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2194" sha1="abz3515azkdk54ldhfh88w8f2mliruc" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' cock the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' cock the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Cock || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>abz3515azkdk54ldhfh88w8f2mliruc</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679126</id>
      <parentid>4679114</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:11:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Setting the shutter speed</comment>
      <origin>4679126</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3439" sha1="0k9lbrdpduq5r9vra27l5ij8tob6i4b" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' cock the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' cock the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Cock || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>0k9lbrdpduq5r9vra27l5ij8tob6i4b</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679127</id>
      <parentid>4679126</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:11:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Wording: use &quot;arm the shutter&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679127</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3444" sha1="j4t9lpg3nujtpfxl8h85sqtgrw3sh2s" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>j4t9lpg3nujtpfxl8h85sqtgrw3sh2s</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679129</id>
      <parentid>4679127</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:12:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lpuwikiuser</username>
        <id>3626625</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Lpuwikiuser moved page [[Mamiya-6 IVB Owner's Guide]] to [[User:Mamiya-6 IVB Owner's Guide]]</comment>
      <origin>4679127</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3444" sha1="j4t9lpg3nujtpfxl8h85sqtgrw3sh2s" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>j4t9lpg3nujtpfxl8h85sqtgrw3sh2s</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679136</id>
      <parentid>4679129</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:17:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Omphalographer</username>
        <id>3427146</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Omphalographer moved page [[User:Mamiya-6 IVB Owner's Guide]] to [[Mamiya-6 IVB Owner's Guide]] over a redirect without leaving a redirect: not a user page</comment>
      <origin>4679127</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3444" sha1="j4t9lpg3nujtpfxl8h85sqtgrw3sh2s" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>j4t9lpg3nujtpfxl8h85sqtgrw3sh2s</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679138</id>
      <parentid>4679136</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:18:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Setting the aperture</comment>
      <origin>4679138</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4321" sha1="qzq3fgio9t1lso1ykf0w1eoo8qqsoli" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>qzq3fgio9t1lso1ykf0w1eoo8qqsoli</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679141</id>
      <parentid>4679138</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:20:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Arming and firing the shutter</comment>
      <origin>4679141</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5411" sha1="5ojz4zh0dvjcfdo044ry6pzb7z6stn9" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>5ojz4zh0dvjcfdo044ry6pzb7z6stn9</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679143</id>
      <parentid>4679141</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:21:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Know your camera</comment>
      <origin>4679143</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9174" sha1="1k6uhx8vwjfhha3glhiaq3fm34yfw67" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>1k6uhx8vwjfhha3glhiaq3fm34yfw67</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679144</id>
      <parentid>4679143</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:21:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Focusing</comment>
      <origin>4679144</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10142" sha1="qk9as3559pzsppy98tb3qvpbz8001xl" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>qk9as3559pzsppy98tb3qvpbz8001xl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679148</id>
      <parentid>4679144</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:22:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Film and checks</comment>
      <origin>4679148</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10791" sha1="onwu3i0wbklw1pqv8lfqrt6en46oh3h" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>onwu3i0wbklw1pqv8lfqrt6en46oh3h</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679149</id>
      <parentid>4679148</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:22:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Loading the film</comment>
      <origin>4679149</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11683" sha1="fh0js5h962x9j170aq1dqxzqovo2s5f" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>fh0js5h962x9j170aq1dqxzqovo2s5f</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679150</id>
      <parentid>4679149</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:22:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Setting frame 1 and winding on</comment>
      <origin>4679150</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12441" sha1="66kril59kb6pexqoarwgl8pi7oo27e7" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>66kril59kb6pexqoarwgl8pi7oo27e7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679152</id>
      <parentid>4679150</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:23:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Taking a picture: checklist</comment>
      <origin>4679152</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12894" sha1="nf0pouse6tsk36gyedxa4kmkh8uaeit" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>nf0pouse6tsk36gyedxa4kmkh8uaeit</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679154</id>
      <parentid>4679152</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:23:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Choosing the exposure</comment>
      <origin>4679154</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13366" sha1="hz8zytxhq9yr4bghjfek3b2i6p3xq3e" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Choosing the exposure ==
The camera has no light meter. Use a hand-held meter, a phone light-meter app, or this table (the &quot;Sunny 16&quot; rule).
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Light !! Aperture !! ISO 100 film !! ISO 400 film
|-
| Bright sun, sharp shadows || f/16 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Hazy sun, soft shadows || f/11 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Cloudy, light shadows || f/8 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Heavy overcast || f/5.6 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Open shade || f/4 || 1/100 || 1/500
|}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>hz8zytxhq9yr4bghjfek3b2i6p3xq3e</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679155</id>
      <parentid>4679154</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:23:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Unloading the film</comment>
      <origin>4679155</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="13715" sha1="062i0mx0rp32kz2x805nqiar8w5jual" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Choosing the exposure ==
The camera has no light meter. Use a hand-held meter, a phone light-meter app, or this table (the &quot;Sunny 16&quot; rule).
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Light !! Aperture !! ISO 100 film !! ISO 400 film
|-
| Bright sun, sharp shadows || f/16 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Hazy sun, soft shadows || f/11 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Cloudy, light shadows || f/8 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Heavy overcast || f/5.6 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Open shade || f/4 || 1/100 || 1/500
|}

== Unloading the film ==
# After frame 12, push the brake lever and keep winding until the knob turns easily.
# Open the back in the shade. Pull out the knob under the take-up side and lift out the roll. Hold it tight.
# Fold the paper end under and seal it with the sticky tab.
# Move the empty spool to the take-up side, ready for the next roll.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>062i0mx0rp32kz2x805nqiar8w5jual</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679156</id>
      <parentid>4679155</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:23:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Closing the camera</comment>
      <origin>4679156</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14141" sha1="fc7t2sn23sxq8axxicas0asld8ge7kl" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Choosing the exposure ==
The camera has no light meter. Use a hand-held meter, a phone light-meter app, or this table (the &quot;Sunny 16&quot; rule).
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Light !! Aperture !! ISO 100 film !! ISO 400 film
|-
| Bright sun, sharp shadows || f/16 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Hazy sun, soft shadows || f/11 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Cloudy, light shadows || f/8 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Heavy overcast || f/5.6 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Open shade || f/4 || 1/100 || 1/500
|}

== Unloading the film ==
# After frame 12, push the brake lever and keep winding until the knob turns easily.
# Open the back in the shade. Pull out the knob under the take-up side and lift out the roll. Hold it tight.
# Fold the paper end under and seal it with the sticky tab.
# Move the empty spool to the take-up side, ready for the next roll.

== Closing the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Lens strut.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Press the strut joints (24) inward.]]
# Set the focus to far away (∞).
# Press both strut joints '''(24)''' inward with your thumbs.
# Fold the lens back. Check that the bellows is not caught.
# Press the bed shut until it clicks.
Never push on the lens or the speed ring to close it. Do not store the camera with the shutter armed.
{{clear}}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>fc7t2sn23sxq8axxicas0asld8ge7kl</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679157</id>
      <parentid>4679156</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:23:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Using flash</comment>
      <origin>4679157</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14594" sha1="gqkzm58adhqj3vu77qt4xl5vsevxugw" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Choosing the exposure ==
The camera has no light meter. Use a hand-held meter, a phone light-meter app, or this table (the &quot;Sunny 16&quot; rule).
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Light !! Aperture !! ISO 100 film !! ISO 400 film
|-
| Bright sun, sharp shadows || f/16 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Hazy sun, soft shadows || f/11 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Cloudy, light shadows || f/8 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Heavy overcast || f/5.6 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Open shade || f/4 || 1/100 || 1/500
|}

== Unloading the film ==
# After frame 12, push the brake lever and keep winding until the knob turns easily.
# Open the back in the shade. Pull out the knob under the take-up side and lift out the roll. Hold it tight.
# Fold the paper end under and seal it with the sticky tab.
# Move the empty spool to the take-up side, ready for the next roll.

== Closing the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Lens strut.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Press the strut joints (24) inward.]]
# Set the focus to far away (∞).
# Press both strut joints '''(24)''' inward with your thumbs.
# Fold the lens back. Check that the bellows is not caught.
# Press the bed shut until it clicks.
Never push on the lens or the speed ring to close it. Do not store the camera with the shutter armed.
{{clear}}

== Using flash ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Flash socket and sync lever.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Flash socket (22) and M-F-X sync lever (23)]]
* Set the red sync lever '''(23)''' to '''X''' for an electronic flash. X works at every speed.
* Plug the flash cord into the socket '''(22)'''. An old socket may need an adapter.
* The accessory shoe '''(13)''' has no electric contact, so the cord is needed.
* Aperture = flash guide number ÷ distance.
{{clear}}

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>gqkzm58adhqj3vu77qt4xl5vsevxugw</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679158</id>
      <parentid>4679157</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:24:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add section: Care and troubleshooting</comment>
      <origin>4679158</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15412" sha1="5dwdcz2bn0z5ep1t66gpjd7solsncg7" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|25%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. A fuller step-by-step version with photos is being added.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Choosing the exposure ==
The camera has no light meter. Use a hand-held meter, a phone light-meter app, or this table (the &quot;Sunny 16&quot; rule).
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Light !! Aperture !! ISO 100 film !! ISO 400 film
|-
| Bright sun, sharp shadows || f/16 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Hazy sun, soft shadows || f/11 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Cloudy, light shadows || f/8 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Heavy overcast || f/5.6 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Open shade || f/4 || 1/100 || 1/500
|}

== Unloading the film ==
# After frame 12, push the brake lever and keep winding until the knob turns easily.
# Open the back in the shade. Pull out the knob under the take-up side and lift out the roll. Hold it tight.
# Fold the paper end under and seal it with the sticky tab.
# Move the empty spool to the take-up side, ready for the next roll.

== Closing the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Lens strut.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Press the strut joints (24) inward.]]
# Set the focus to far away (∞).
# Press both strut joints '''(24)''' inward with your thumbs.
# Fold the lens back. Check that the bellows is not caught.
# Press the bed shut until it clicks.
Never push on the lens or the speed ring to close it. Do not store the camera with the shutter armed.
{{clear}}

== Using flash ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Flash socket and sync lever.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Flash socket (22) and M-F-X sync lever (23)]]
* Set the red sync lever '''(23)''' to '''X''' for an electronic flash. X works at every speed.
* Plug the flash cord into the socket '''(22)'''. An old socket may need an adapter.
* The accessory shoe '''(13)''' has no electric contact, so the cord is needed.
* Aperture = flash guide number ÷ distance.
{{clear}}

== Care and troubleshooting ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Problem !! Likely cause !! What to do
|-
| Slow speeds stick || Old oil in the shutter || Fire each slow speed 10 to 20 times. If it still sticks, get a shutter service.
|-
| Light streaks or spots || Bellows pinholes, or red window left open || Do the bellows test. Keep the red window closed.
|-
| Photos soft everywhere || Struts not locked, or rangefinder out of line || Check the struts and that the images merge at ∞.
|-
| Two pictures on one frame || Forgot to wind || Check for red in the eyepiece before shooting.
|-
| Blank frame || Shutter not armed || Arm before every shot.
|-
| Hazy photos || Haze or fungus in the lens || Have a repair shop clean the lens.
|}
Store the camera closed, in a case, in a dry place. Fire the shutter every few weeks.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>5dwdcz2bn0z5ep1t66gpjd7solsncg7</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679159</id>
      <parentid>4679158</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:24:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Update status and intro</comment>
      <origin>4679159</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15398" sha1="32lg9fllxmap98bk48rprluuaxgxr6c" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|75%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. Each step has a photo of the part you need.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Choosing the exposure ==
The camera has no light meter. Use a hand-held meter, a phone light-meter app, or this table (the &quot;Sunny 16&quot; rule).
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Light !! Aperture !! ISO 100 film !! ISO 400 film
|-
| Bright sun, sharp shadows || f/16 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Hazy sun, soft shadows || f/11 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Cloudy, light shadows || f/8 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Heavy overcast || f/5.6 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Open shade || f/4 || 1/100 || 1/500
|}

== Unloading the film ==
# After frame 12, push the brake lever and keep winding until the knob turns easily.
# Open the back in the shade. Pull out the knob under the take-up side and lift out the roll. Hold it tight.
# Fold the paper end under and seal it with the sticky tab.
# Move the empty spool to the take-up side, ready for the next roll.

== Closing the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Lens strut.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Press the strut joints (24) inward.]]
# Set the focus to far away (∞).
# Press both strut joints '''(24)''' inward with your thumbs.
# Fold the lens back. Check that the bellows is not caught.
# Press the bed shut until it clicks.
Never push on the lens or the speed ring to close it. Do not store the camera with the shutter armed.
{{clear}}

== Using flash ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Flash socket and sync lever.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Flash socket (22) and M-F-X sync lever (23)]]
* Set the red sync lever '''(23)''' to '''X''' for an electronic flash. X works at every speed.
* Plug the flash cord into the socket '''(22)'''. An old socket may need an adapter.
* The accessory shoe '''(13)''' has no electric contact, so the cord is needed.
* Aperture = flash guide number ÷ distance.
{{clear}}

== Care and troubleshooting ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Problem !! Likely cause !! What to do
|-
| Slow speeds stick || Old oil in the shutter || Fire each slow speed 10 to 20 times. If it still sticks, get a shutter service.
|-
| Light streaks or spots || Bellows pinholes, or red window left open || Do the bellows test. Keep the red window closed.
|-
| Photos soft everywhere || Struts not locked, or rangefinder out of line || Check the struts and that the images merge at ∞.
|-
| Two pictures on one frame || Forgot to wind || Check for red in the eyepiece before shooting.
|-
| Blank frame || Shutter not armed || Arm before every shot.
|-
| Hazy photos || Haze or fungus in the lens || Have a repair shop clean the lens.
|}
Store the camera closed, in a case, in a dry place. Fire the shutter every few weeks.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>32lg9fllxmap98bk48rprluuaxgxr6c</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679163</id>
      <parentid>4679159</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:26:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add sections: A short history, Sources</comment>
      <origin>4679163</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17219" sha1="fo95r5zr9h3a0r7s7hk6v1qqx10twh4" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|75%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. Each step has a photo of the part you need.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== A short history ==
=== The Mamiya company ===
* '''1940:''' Camera designer Seiichi Mamiya and his financial backer, Tsunejiro Sugawara, founded [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] in Tokyo in May 1940. Its first camera was the [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]], a folding 6×6 cm rangefinder.
* '''Lens making:''' In 1947 Mamiya bought a lens maker in Setagaya, Tokyo. By 1950 it was called Setagaya Koki, and its Sekor lenses went on many Mamiya cameras.
* '''Later cameras:''' Mamiya became known for professional medium-format cameras, including the C-series twin-lens cameras, the Mamiya Press (1962), the RB67 (1970), the M645 (1975), the RZ67 (1982) and the Mamiya 7 (1995).
* '''Ownership:''' In 2006 the camera business moved to Mamiya Digital Imaging. The Danish company Phase One bought a major stake in 2009 and bought Mamiya outright in 2015.
=== The Mamiya Six folding series ===
* '''Back focusing:''' Most folding cameras focus by moving the lens. Seiichi Mamiya patented a design in 1939 in which the lens stays still and the '''film moves'''. That is why the camera focuses with a wheel on the back.
* '''Model IV (1947):''' The first post-war model. It dropped the waist-level finder.
* '''Model V (1953):''' Added a second picture size, 6×4.5 cm.
* '''Model IVB (1955):''' Like the Model IV, with a new top plate and larger, square finder and rangefinder windows.
* '''Automat (1955):''' Winding the film also armed the shutter. On the IVB you must arm the shutter by hand.
* The folding Mamiya Six was sold new until about 1958, in about twelve versions.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Choosing the exposure ==
The camera has no light meter. Use a hand-held meter, a phone light-meter app, or this table (the &quot;Sunny 16&quot; rule).
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Light !! Aperture !! ISO 100 film !! ISO 400 film
|-
| Bright sun, sharp shadows || f/16 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Hazy sun, soft shadows || f/11 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Cloudy, light shadows || f/8 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Heavy overcast || f/5.6 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Open shade || f/4 || 1/100 || 1/500
|}

== Unloading the film ==
# After frame 12, push the brake lever and keep winding until the knob turns easily.
# Open the back in the shade. Pull out the knob under the take-up side and lift out the roll. Hold it tight.
# Fold the paper end under and seal it with the sticky tab.
# Move the empty spool to the take-up side, ready for the next roll.

== Closing the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Lens strut.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Press the strut joints (24) inward.]]
# Set the focus to far away (∞).
# Press both strut joints '''(24)''' inward with your thumbs.
# Fold the lens back. Check that the bellows is not caught.
# Press the bed shut until it clicks.
Never push on the lens or the speed ring to close it. Do not store the camera with the shutter armed.
{{clear}}

== Using flash ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Flash socket and sync lever.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Flash socket (22) and M-F-X sync lever (23)]]
* Set the red sync lever '''(23)''' to '''X''' for an electronic flash. X works at every speed.
* Plug the flash cord into the socket '''(22)'''. An old socket may need an adapter.
* The accessory shoe '''(13)''' has no electric contact, so the cord is needed.
* Aperture = flash guide number ÷ distance.
{{clear}}

== Care and troubleshooting ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Problem !! Likely cause !! What to do
|-
| Slow speeds stick || Old oil in the shutter || Fire each slow speed 10 to 20 times. If it still sticks, get a shutter service.
|-
| Light streaks or spots || Bellows pinholes, or red window left open || Do the bellows test. Keep the red window closed.
|-
| Photos soft everywhere || Struts not locked, or rangefinder out of line || Check the struts and that the images merge at ∞.
|-
| Two pictures on one frame || Forgot to wind || Check for red in the eyepiece before shooting.
|-
| Blank frame || Shutter not armed || Arm before every shot.
|-
| Hazy photos || Haze or fungus in the lens || Have a repair shop clean the lens.
|}
Store the camera closed, in a case, in a dry place. Fire the shutter every few weeks.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

== Sources ==
* Mamiya Camera Co., ''Instructions for Use of the Mamiya-6'' (1955 booklet).
* Wikipedia: [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] and [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* Mike Eckman, &quot;Mamiya 6 Model V (1953)&quot;, mikeeckman.com.
* Part locations and photos: a Mamiya-6 IVB.

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>fo95r5zr9h3a0r7s7hk6v1qqx10twh4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679164</id>
      <parentid>4679163</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:26:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Status: complete</comment>
      <origin>4679164</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17220" sha1="5es93jz18eq0trb461viitrep9jp1kk" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|100%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. Each step has a photo of the part you need.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== A short history ==
=== The Mamiya company ===
* '''1940:''' Camera designer Seiichi Mamiya and his financial backer, Tsunejiro Sugawara, founded [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] in Tokyo in May 1940. Its first camera was the [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]], a folding 6×6 cm rangefinder.
* '''Lens making:''' In 1947 Mamiya bought a lens maker in Setagaya, Tokyo. By 1950 it was called Setagaya Koki, and its Sekor lenses went on many Mamiya cameras.
* '''Later cameras:''' Mamiya became known for professional medium-format cameras, including the C-series twin-lens cameras, the Mamiya Press (1962), the RB67 (1970), the M645 (1975), the RZ67 (1982) and the Mamiya 7 (1995).
* '''Ownership:''' In 2006 the camera business moved to Mamiya Digital Imaging. The Danish company Phase One bought a major stake in 2009 and bought Mamiya outright in 2015.
=== The Mamiya Six folding series ===
* '''Back focusing:''' Most folding cameras focus by moving the lens. Seiichi Mamiya patented a design in 1939 in which the lens stays still and the '''film moves'''. That is why the camera focuses with a wheel on the back.
* '''Model IV (1947):''' The first post-war model. It dropped the waist-level finder.
* '''Model V (1953):''' Added a second picture size, 6×4.5 cm.
* '''Model IVB (1955):''' Like the Model IV, with a new top plate and larger, square finder and rangefinder windows.
* '''Automat (1955):''' Winding the film also armed the shutter. On the IVB you must arm the shutter by hand.
* The folding Mamiya Six was sold new until about 1958, in about twelve versions.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Choosing the exposure ==
The camera has no light meter. Use a hand-held meter, a phone light-meter app, or this table (the &quot;Sunny 16&quot; rule).
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Light !! Aperture !! ISO 100 film !! ISO 400 film
|-
| Bright sun, sharp shadows || f/16 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Hazy sun, soft shadows || f/11 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Cloudy, light shadows || f/8 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Heavy overcast || f/5.6 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Open shade || f/4 || 1/100 || 1/500
|}

== Unloading the film ==
# After frame 12, push the brake lever and keep winding until the knob turns easily.
# Open the back in the shade. Pull out the knob under the take-up side and lift out the roll. Hold it tight.
# Fold the paper end under and seal it with the sticky tab.
# Move the empty spool to the take-up side, ready for the next roll.

== Closing the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Lens strut.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Press the strut joints (24) inward.]]
# Set the focus to far away (∞).
# Press both strut joints '''(24)''' inward with your thumbs.
# Fold the lens back. Check that the bellows is not caught.
# Press the bed shut until it clicks.
Never push on the lens or the speed ring to close it. Do not store the camera with the shutter armed.
{{clear}}

== Using flash ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Flash socket and sync lever.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Flash socket (22) and M-F-X sync lever (23)]]
* Set the red sync lever '''(23)''' to '''X''' for an electronic flash. X works at every speed.
* Plug the flash cord into the socket '''(22)'''. An old socket may need an adapter.
* The accessory shoe '''(13)''' has no electric contact, so the cord is needed.
* Aperture = flash guide number ÷ distance.
{{clear}}

== Care and troubleshooting ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Problem !! Likely cause !! What to do
|-
| Slow speeds stick || Old oil in the shutter || Fire each slow speed 10 to 20 times. If it still sticks, get a shutter service.
|-
| Light streaks or spots || Bellows pinholes, or red window left open || Do the bellows test. Keep the red window closed.
|-
| Photos soft everywhere || Struts not locked, or rangefinder out of line || Check the struts and that the images merge at ∞.
|-
| Two pictures on one frame || Forgot to wind || Check for red in the eyepiece before shooting.
|-
| Blank frame || Shutter not armed || Arm before every shot.
|-
| Hazy photos || Haze or fungus in the lens || Have a repair shop clean the lens.
|}
Store the camera closed, in a case, in a dry place. Fire the shutter every few weeks.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

== Sources ==
* Mamiya Camera Co., ''Instructions for Use of the Mamiya-6'' (1955 booklet).
* Wikipedia: [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] and [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* Mike Eckman, &quot;Mamiya 6 Model V (1953)&quot;, mikeeckman.com.
* Part locations and photos: a Mamiya-6 IVB.

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>5es93jz18eq0trb461viitrep9jp1kk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679170</id>
      <parentid>4679164</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:29:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lprakash450</username>
        <id>3629876</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Add photo: double-exposure signal</comment>
      <origin>4679170</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="17357" sha1="g6f8pnrp27pkn6a43d5kzoyzgoze7e3" xml:space="preserve">{{Status|100%}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open (cover).jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Mamiya-6 IVB, open]]
This book explains how to use the '''Mamiya-Six IVB''', a 6×6 cm folding rangefinder camera made in Japan from 1955. It is written for beginners. Each step has a photo of the part you need.

'''The one thing to remember:''' winding the film does '''not''' arm the shutter on this camera. Before '''every''' picture you must wind to the next frame '''and''' arm the shutter.

== About the camera ==
* [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] was founded in Tokyo in 1940. Its first camera was the folding [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* The Mamiya Six focuses by moving the '''film''', not the lens, using a wheel on the back.
* The IVB (1955) has a larger, square finder window. It uses 120 film and takes 12 square pictures per roll.
* The 1989 Mamiya 6 is a different camera. Its manual does not apply.

== A short history ==
=== The Mamiya company ===
* '''1940:''' Camera designer Seiichi Mamiya and his financial backer, Tsunejiro Sugawara, founded [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] in Tokyo in May 1940. Its first camera was the [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]], a folding 6×6 cm rangefinder.
* '''Lens making:''' In 1947 Mamiya bought a lens maker in Setagaya, Tokyo. By 1950 it was called Setagaya Koki, and its Sekor lenses went on many Mamiya cameras.
* '''Later cameras:''' Mamiya became known for professional medium-format cameras, including the C-series twin-lens cameras, the Mamiya Press (1962), the RB67 (1970), the M645 (1975), the RZ67 (1982) and the Mamiya 7 (1995).
* '''Ownership:''' In 2006 the camera business moved to Mamiya Digital Imaging. The Danish company Phase One bought a major stake in 2009 and bought Mamiya outright in 2015.
=== The Mamiya Six folding series ===
* '''Back focusing:''' Most folding cameras focus by moving the lens. Seiichi Mamiya patented a design in 1939 in which the lens stays still and the '''film moves'''. That is why the camera focuses with a wheel on the back.
* '''Model IV (1947):''' The first post-war model. It dropped the waist-level finder.
* '''Model V (1953):''' Added a second picture size, 6×4.5 cm.
* '''Model IVB (1955):''' Like the Model IV, with a new top plate and larger, square finder and rangefinder windows.
* '''Automat (1955):''' Winding the film also armed the shutter. On the IVB you must arm the shutter by hand.
* The folding Mamiya Six was sold new until about 1958, in about twelve versions.

== Know your camera ==
These views show where each part is. The numbers match the parts list below. You do not need to learn them all now; each later step shows the one part you need.
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;200px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|Front, closed
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera open, parts numbered.jpg|Front, open
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back, parts numbered.jpg|Back
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Top plate, parts numbered.jpg|Top
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Inside with back open, parts numbered.jpg|Inside, back open
&lt;/gallery&gt;
=== Parts list ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! No. !! Part !! What it does
|-
| 1 || Front-release button || Chrome button on the front of the body, just above the bed. Press it to open the camera.
|-
| 2 || Film winding knob || Turn it in the direction of its arrow to move the film to the next frame.
|-
| 3 || Frame counter || Numbered ring under the winding knob (1 to 12).
|-
| 4 || Film-speed memo || Small window on top of the winding knob. Set it to your film's ISO (ASA) as a reminder. It does not change the exposure.
|-
| 5 || Brake lever || Small knurled pin on the back, below the winding knob. Push it toward the arrow to unlock the wind.
|-
| 6 || Focusing wheel || Toothed wheel on the back. Roll it to focus. It moves the film, not the lens.
|-
| 7 || Infinity arrow || Arrow and ∞ mark above the focusing wheel. Roll toward it to focus farther away.
|-
| 8 || Eyepiece || Look here to frame and focus. A red patch here means this frame is already used.
|-
| 9 || Viewfinder window || Large window on the front.
|-
| 10 || Rangefinder window || Small window on the front. Keep your fingers off it.
|-
| 11 || Distance and depth-of-field dial || Top-plate dial. Shows the focus distance in meters and the zone that will look sharp.
|-
| 12 || Shutter release button || Chrome button on the top plate. Press it to take the picture. Its center takes a screw-in cable release.
|-
| 13 || Accessory shoe || Holds a flash, light meter or extra finder.
|-
| 14 || Back lock || Chrome catch on the end of the body. Slide it to open the back.
|-
| 15 || Red window slide || Covers the red window. Keep it closed except when setting frame 1.
|-
| 16 || Red window || Shows the numbers printed on the film's backing paper.
|-
| 17 || Lens || Olympus D.Zuiko F.C. 7.5 cm (75 mm) f/3.5.
|-
| 18 || Shutter speed ring || Silver front ring marked 500, 250, 100, 50, 25, 10, 5, 2, 1, B.
|-
| 19 || Red index line || Short red line above the speed ring. The speed under it is the one that is set.
|-
| 20 || Aperture lever || Small tab on the side of the shutter. Its tip points to the f-number on the scale (3.5 to 22).
|-
| 21 || Shutter arming lever || Toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Push it until it locks before every picture.
|-
| 22 || Flash socket || Brass post on the side of the shutter for a flash cord. From the front it looks like a small brass tube.
|-
| 23 || Flash sync lever (M-F-X) || Red lever. Use X for electronic flash.
|-
| 24 || Lens struts || Chrome arms that hold the lens out. Press them to close the camera.
|-
| 25 || Bellows || Light-tight folding sleeve. Handle with care.
|-
| 26 || Front bed || The cover that folds down when the camera opens.
|-
| 27 || Take-up chamber || Under the winding knob. The empty spool goes here.
|-
| 28 || Feed chamber || The new roll of film goes here.
|-
| 29 || Film roller || Chrome roller that guides the film.
|-
| 30 || Film guide flaps || Top and bottom flaps. The film and pressure plate slide under them.
|-
| 31 || Pressure plate || Removable plate that holds the film flat. Its arrow shows how to slide it in.
|-
| 32 || Spool holder || Holds each spool. Pull the knob under the camera to release it.
|}

== Opening the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Front, camera closed, parts numbered.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Press the button (1) above the bed (26).]]
# Hold the camera with the top plate up and the bed facing away from you.
# Press the chrome front-release button '''(1)''' just above the bed.
# The bed drops and the lens springs forward. Guide the bed down with your hand.
# Check that both struts are straight and locked. The lens must not wobble.
Do not pull the lens out by hand, pry the bed open, or press on the bellows.
{{clear}}

== Setting the shutter speed ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Setting the shutter speed.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Turn the silver ring until the speed you want is under the red line.]]
The shutter speed is how long the shutter stays open. You set it with the silver ring on the front of the lens.
# Find the short '''red line''' at the top of the lens. It never moves.
# Put a fingertip on the ridged edge of the silver ring.
# Turn it left or right until the number you want sits under the red line. The ring stops at 500 and at B; never force it.
# Set it exactly on a number. Set the speed '''before''' you arm the shutter.
{{clear}}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! On the ring !! Real speed !! When to use it
|-
| 500 || 1/500 second || Bright sun, fast action
|-
| 250 || 1/250 second || Sunny day, people walking
|-
| 100 || 1/100 second || Best everyday speed hand-held
|-
| 50 || 1/50 second || Shade or cloudy days. Hold very still.
|-
| 25, 10, 5, 2 || 1/25 to 1/2 second || Indoors or dusk. Use a tripod.
|-
| 1 || 1 second || Night. Tripod and cable release.
|-
| B || Open as long as the button is held || Longer than 1 second. Tripod and cable release.
|}
Ignore the small black numbers behind the silver ring. Read the speed only on the silver ring.

== Setting the aperture ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The aperture lever is a small tab beside the f-numbers.]]
The aperture is the size of the opening in the lens. It is shown as an f-number.
# Find the small tab on the left side of the shutter, next to the f-numbers.
# Push it with a fingertip. It slides along the scale.
# The tip of the tab points to the f-number: 3.5, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f5.6.jpg|Before: about f/5.6
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Aperture set to f11.jpg|After sliding the tab: f/11
&lt;/gallery&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Setting !! Opening !! Result
|-
| f/3.5 or f/4 || Large || Most light. Only a thin zone is sharp.
|-
| f/8 or f/11 || Medium || Good everyday setting.
|-
| f/16 or f/22 || Small || Least light. Almost everything is sharp.
|}

== Arming and firing the shutter ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter cocking lever.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The shutter lever is the toothed half-disc.]]
Try this with no film loaded.
# Find the toothed half-disc on the upper left of the shutter. Do not confuse it with the brass tube below it; that is the flash socket.
# Push it gently in the only direction it moves, until it stops and stays there. The shutter is now armed.
# Press the chrome release button on the top plate slowly. You hear a click.
# Look into the eyepiece. A red patch means this frame is used. With film loaded, wind on when you see red.
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Shutter release button.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The release button on the top plate]]
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Double-exposure signal in eyepiece.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Red in the eyepiece: this frame is used. Wind on first.]]
'''Test every speed:''' open the back, point the camera at a bright window and look through the lens. Arm and fire at each speed. If slow speeds stick, fire each one 10 to 20 times. If that does not help, the shutter needs a service.

'''Release will not fire?''' Check that the shutter is armed, the struts are locked, and there is no red in the eyepiece.
{{clear}}

== Focusing ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Focusing wheel.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Roll the focusing wheel (6) with your right thumb.]]
# Look through the eyepiece. In the middle you see a small, brighter patch.
# Point the patch at your subject. If it is out of focus, you see two copies of it.
# Roll the toothed wheel '''(6)''' on the back with your right thumb until the two copies merge.
# Rolling toward the arrow focuses farther away (∞).
{{clear}}
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Distance and depth-of-field dial.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Distance (in meters) and depth-of-field dial (11)]]
* The dial on the top plate '''(11)''' shows the distance in '''meters''' (1 m is about 3.3 ft).
* The U-shaped lines show what will look sharp at f/3.5, 8, 11 and 22.
* Quick street setting: f/22, focus at about 4 m. About 2 m to far away looks sharp.
* The closest focus is about 1 m. Up close, leave extra room at the top of the frame, because the finder sits above the lens.
{{clear}}

== Film and checks ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Film-speed reminder.jpg|thumb|240px|right|Set the film-speed reminder (4) to your film ISO.]]
* Use '''120''' roll film (not 35 mm or 220). You get '''12 square pictures''' per roll.
* ISO 400 film is easiest for beginners.
* Set the film-speed reminder '''(4)''' to your film's ISO. It does not change the exposure.
* Load and unload in the shade.
'''Bellows light test:''' in a dark room, open the camera and the back. Shine a small flashlight inside the bellows and look at the outside. Any pinpoint of light is a leak. Seal tiny holes with black fabric paint; large tears need new bellows.
{{clear}}

== Loading the film ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Back lock.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Slide the back lock (14) to open the back.]]
# Slide the back lock '''(14)''' on the end of the body. Swing the back open.
# Slide the pressure plate '''(31)''' out from under the guide flaps '''(30)'''. Note the arrow on it.
# Put the empty spool in the take-up side '''(27)''', under the winding knob.
# Pull out the knob under the feed side '''(28)''', drop the new roll in, and let the knob snap back.
# Break the paper seal. Pull out the pointed end. The colored, printed side faces you.
# Draw the paper across the film opening and '''under''' the guide flaps. Push the end into the slot of the empty spool.
# Turn the winding knob two or three times. Check that the paper winds on straight.
# Slide the pressure plate back in, in the direction of its arrow. Close the back until the lock catches.
{{clear}}

== Setting frame 1 and winding on ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Red window and slide.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Red window slide (15) and red window (16)]]
# Slide the cover '''(15)''' to uncover the red window '''(16)'''.
# Turn the winding knob '''(2)''' slowly in the direction of its arrow. Stop when the number '''1''' is centered.
# Close the red window cover right away.
# After each picture, push the brake lever '''(5)''' toward its arrow, then let go.
# Turn the winding knob until it stops by itself. If it does not stop, use the red window for each number and close the cover each time.
{{clear}}
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed&quot; heights=&quot;170px&quot;&gt;
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Winding knob.jpg|Winding direction
File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Brake lever.jpg|Brake lever (5)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== Taking a picture: checklist ==
# Wind to a fresh frame. No red in the eyepiece.
# Set the shutter speed under the red line.
# Set the aperture.
# Arm the shutter.
# Focus: merge the two images.
# Frame the picture. Keep fingers off the lens and the small front window.
# Breathe out. Press the release slowly.
# Wind on right away.
Hold the body in both hands. The camera has no strap lugs; use a case or a strap that screws into the tripod socket.

== Choosing the exposure ==
The camera has no light meter. Use a hand-held meter, a phone light-meter app, or this table (the &quot;Sunny 16&quot; rule).
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Light !! Aperture !! ISO 100 film !! ISO 400 film
|-
| Bright sun, sharp shadows || f/16 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Hazy sun, soft shadows || f/11 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Cloudy, light shadows || f/8 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Heavy overcast || f/5.6 || 1/100 || 1/500
|-
| Open shade || f/4 || 1/100 || 1/500
|}

== Unloading the film ==
# After frame 12, push the brake lever and keep winding until the knob turns easily.
# Open the back in the shade. Pull out the knob under the take-up side and lift out the roll. Hold it tight.
# Fold the paper end under and seal it with the sticky tab.
# Move the empty spool to the take-up side, ready for the next roll.

== Closing the camera ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Lens strut.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Press the strut joints (24) inward.]]
# Set the focus to far away (∞).
# Press both strut joints '''(24)''' inward with your thumbs.
# Fold the lens back. Check that the bellows is not caught.
# Press the bed shut until it clicks.
Never push on the lens or the speed ring to close it. Do not store the camera with the shutter armed.
{{clear}}

== Using flash ==
[[File:Mamiya-6 IVB - Flash socket and sync lever.jpg|thumb|220px|right|Flash socket (22) and M-F-X sync lever (23)]]
* Set the red sync lever '''(23)''' to '''X''' for an electronic flash. X works at every speed.
* Plug the flash cord into the socket '''(22)'''. An old socket may need an adapter.
* The accessory shoe '''(13)''' has no electric contact, so the cord is needed.
* Aperture = flash guide number ÷ distance.
{{clear}}

== Care and troubleshooting ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Problem !! Likely cause !! What to do
|-
| Slow speeds stick || Old oil in the shutter || Fire each slow speed 10 to 20 times. If it still sticks, get a shutter service.
|-
| Light streaks or spots || Bellows pinholes, or red window left open || Do the bellows test. Keep the red window closed.
|-
| Photos soft everywhere || Struts not locked, or rangefinder out of line || Check the struts and that the images merge at ∞.
|-
| Two pictures on one frame || Forgot to wind || Check for red in the eyepiece before shooting.
|-
| Blank frame || Shutter not armed || Arm before every shot.
|-
| Hazy photos || Haze or fungus in the lens || Have a repair shop clean the lens.
|}
Store the camera closed, in a case, in a dry place. Fire the shutter every few weeks.

== Quick reference ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Task !! What to do
|-
| Open || Press the button above the bed. Check the struts are locked.
|-
| Frame 1 || Open the red window cover on the back. Wind until &quot;1&quot; shows. Close the cover.
|-
| Speed || Turn the silver ring on the lens. The number under the red line is the speed.
|-
| Aperture || Slide the small tab beside the f-numbers.
|-
| Arm shutter || Push the toothed half-disc lever until it stays.
|-
| Focus || Roll the wheel on the back until the two images in the finder merge.
|-
| Wind || Push the brake lever, then wind until it stops. Red in the finder means wind first.
|-
| Close || Focus to ∞. Press the struts inward. Fold the bed shut.
|}

== Sources ==
* Mamiya Camera Co., ''Instructions for Use of the Mamiya-6'' (1955 booklet).
* Wikipedia: [[w:Mamiya|Mamiya]] and [[w:Mamiya Six|Mamiya Six]].
* Mike Eckman, &quot;Mamiya 6 Model V (1953)&quot;, mikeeckman.com.
* Part locations and photos: a Mamiya-6 IVB.

{{Subjects|Photography}}
{{Alphabetical|M}}</text>
      <sha1>g6f8pnrp27pkn6a43d5kzoyzgoze7e3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Ayakn/Ambient backscatter communication</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486648</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679111</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T04:47:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ayakn</username>
        <id>3626623</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>I am working on this topic this is my ca</comment>
      <origin>4679111</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="490" sha1="echgti55vhq94w7dh76xqxk52sob4lz" xml:space="preserve">'''Ambient Backscatter Communication:''' This is the communication where low power wireless communication that use radio frequency that are already present in the nature ex: Wi-Fi, television and cellular signals that are used to transmit data. It works without generation it own RF signal and allow device to communicate by changing antenna impedance to control signal reflection. By this technology we use them energy-efficient IoT applications, wireless sensors and battery-free devices.</text>
      <sha1>echgti55vhq94w7dh76xqxk52sob4lz</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679117</id>
      <parentid>4679111</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T04:59:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lpuwikiuser</username>
        <id>3626625</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added reference</comment>
      <origin>4679117</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="768" sha1="htue1iac52tvmyt6rue0zs47oiw8ge4" xml:space="preserve">'''Ambient Backscatter Communication:''' This is the communication where low power wireless communication that use radio frequency that are already present in the nature ex: Wi-Fi, television and cellular signals that are used to transmit data.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-08-25 |title=Ambient Backscatter: Wireless Communication Without Power |url=https://www.rfwireless-world.com/terminology/ambient-backscatter-communication |access-date=2026-10-31 |website=www.rfwireless-world.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; It works without generation it own RF signal and allow device to communicate by changing antenna impedance to control signal reflection. By this technology we use them energy-efficient IoT applications, wireless sensors and battery-free devices.

== References ==</text>
      <sha1>htue1iac52tvmyt6rue0zs47oiw8ge4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679120</id>
      <parentid>4679117</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:06:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ayakn</username>
        <id>3626623</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>add image of Ambient backscatter communication</comment>
      <origin>4679120</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="845" sha1="qc7jro3mq6evzrpycjfqgl153ryswkr" xml:space="preserve">'''Ambient Backscatter Communication:''' This is the communication where low power wireless communication that use radio frequency that are already present in the nature ex: Wi-Fi, television and cellular signals that are used to transmit data.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-08-25 |title=Ambient Backscatter: Wireless Communication Without Power |url=https://www.rfwireless-world.com/terminology/ambient-backscatter-communication |access-date=2026-10-31 |website=www.rfwireless-world.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; It works without generation it own RF signal and allow device to communicate by changing antenna impedance to control signal reflection. By this technology we use them energy-efficient IoT applications, wireless sensors and battery-free devices.
[[File:Ambient Backscatter Communication System.png|center|thumb|301x301px]]

== References ==</text>
      <sha1>qc7jro3mq6evzrpycjfqgl153ryswkr</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679135</id>
      <parentid>4679120</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:17:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ayakn</username>
        <id>3626623</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>added the key benefits</comment>
      <origin>4679135</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1137" sha1="i9ea70i4p87as93smt7flm9o9i1qihx" xml:space="preserve">'''Ambient Backscatter Communication:''' This is the communication where low power wireless communication that use radio frequency that are already present in the nature ex: Wi-Fi, television and cellular signals that are used to transmit data.&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |date=2026-08-25 |title=Ambient Backscatter: Wireless Communication Without Power |url=https://www.rfwireless-world.com/terminology/ambient-backscatter-communication |access-date=2026-10-31 |website=www.rfwireless-world.com |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; It works without generation it own RF signal and allow device to communicate by changing antenna impedance to control signal reflection. By this technology we use them energy-efficient IoT applications, wireless sensors and battery-free devices.
[[File:Ambient Backscatter Communication System.png|center|thumb|301x301px]]'''Key Benefits'''

* '''No Batteries Required:''' Eliminates the need to replace or recharge batteries, which is ideal for sensors in hard-to-reach or hazardous areas.
* '''Coexistence:''' It reuses waves that are already broadcasting, adding minimal interference to existing infrastructure.

== References ==</text>
      <sha1>i9ea70i4p87as93smt7flm9o9i1qihx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User talk:RISHILPU/sandbox</title>
    <ns>3</ns>
    <id>486649</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679115</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T04:57:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>RISHILPU</username>
        <id>3629676</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Regarding deletion nomination of my PCM sandbox */ new section</comment>
      <origin>4679115</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="828" sha1="arqlp0sutmoethv7ykmrenqpia8od3z" xml:space="preserve">== Regarding deletion nomination of my PCM sandbox ==
Hello MathXplore,

I noticed that my sandbox page, User/sandbox, was marked for speedy deletion under the criterion &quot;Encyclopedic articles belong at Wikipedia.&quot;

My intention is to develop this content as an educational learning resource for students studying Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), not as an encyclopedia article.

I am willing to improve the content by adding detailed explanations, block diagrams, mathematical derivations, worked examples, and practice questions.

Could you please clarify whether restructuring the page into a textbook-style learning chapter would make it suitable for Wikibooks?

Thank you for your guidance. [[User:RISHILPU|RISHILPU]] ([[User talk:RISHILPU|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/RISHILPU|contribs]]) 04:57, 31 October 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>arqlp0sutmoethv7ykmrenqpia8od3z</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Tharunivanaparthi/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486650</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679116</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T04:58:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tharunivanaparthi</username>
        <id>3629791</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>need to update the information again</comment>
      <origin>4679116</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="363" sha1="mpawou8pmxqeabrovc6be5vfyi1zi88" xml:space="preserve">'''&lt;u&gt;&lt;big&gt;Vestigial Sideband Modulation and Its Role in Television&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;big&gt;:&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/u&gt;'''

1. Introduction:

Communication systems is an electronic system that consists of electronic components used  to send information/message from one place to another. 

For example, radio and television stations, audio and video signals to the user at far distance.</text>
      <sha1>mpawou8pmxqeabrovc6be5vfyi1zi88</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679118</id>
      <parentid>4679116</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:03:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Lpuwikiuser</username>
        <id>3626625</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>added image</comment>
      <origin>4679118</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="452" sha1="ry6lg4hthv50u774rv5v1tmrz9329nd" xml:space="preserve">'''&lt;u&gt;&lt;big&gt;Vestigial Sideband Modulation and Its Role in Television&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;big&gt;:&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/u&gt;'''

1. Introduction:

Communication systems is an electronic system that consists of electronic components used  to send information/message from one place to another. 

For example, radio and television stations, audio and video signals to the user at far distance. [[File:1990s Television Set.jpg|thumb|A CRT television on a stand with a VCR attached.]]</text>
      <sha1>ry6lg4hthv50u774rv5v1tmrz9329nd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679145</id>
      <parentid>4679118</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:21:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tharunivanaparthi</username>
        <id>3629791</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>minor  change</comment>
      <origin>4679145</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="493" sha1="0swobvurzii92iofdwmg9kvui2x24n6" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Communication System.png|thumb]]
'''&lt;u&gt;&lt;big&gt;Vestigial Sideband Modulation and Its Role in Television&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/u&gt;&lt;u&gt;&lt;big&gt;:&lt;/big&gt;&lt;/u&gt;'''

1. Introduction:

Communication systems is an electronic system that consists of electronic components used  to send information/message from one place to another. 

For example, radio and television stations, audio and video signals to the user at long distance. [[File:1990s Television Set.jpg|thumb|A CRT television on a stand with a VCR attached.]]</text>
      <sha1>0swobvurzii92iofdwmg9kvui2x24n6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679161</id>
      <parentid>4679145</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:24:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tharunivanaparthi</username>
        <id>3629791</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>headings font, and image</comment>
      <origin>4679161</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="493" sha1="qif0kbkt1e9lqk43g5h6kkpzqzwtr01" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Communication System.png|thumb]]

== '''&lt;big&gt;Vestigial Sideband Modulation and Its Role in Television&lt;/big&gt;&lt;big&gt;:&lt;/big&gt;''' ==

=== 1. Introduction: ===
Communication systems is an electronic system that consists of electronic components used  to send information/message from one place to another. 

For example, radio and television stations, audio and video signals to the user at long distance. [[File:1990s Television Set.jpg|thumb|A CRT television on a stand with a VCR attached.]]</text>
      <sha1>qif0kbkt1e9lqk43g5h6kkpzqzwtr01</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679162</id>
      <parentid>4679161</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:25:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tharunivanaparthi</username>
        <id>3629791</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679162</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="404" sha1="a5g7781qm7fjgzd15jk5uv5rtjo5tj1" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Communication System.png|thumb]]

== '''&lt;big&gt;Vestigial Sideband Modulation and Its Role in Television&lt;/big&gt;&lt;big&gt;:&lt;/big&gt;''' ==

=== 1. Introduction: ===
Communication systems is an electronic system that consists of electronic components used  to send information/message from one place to another. 

For example, radio and television stations, audio and video signals to the user at long distance.</text>
      <sha1>a5g7781qm7fjgzd15jk5uv5rtjo5tj1</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679165</id>
      <parentid>4679162</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:27:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tharunivanaparthi</username>
        <id>3629791</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679165</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="403" sha1="g3m5w5ttd9mttkiraj3wbgotsg3lizn" xml:space="preserve">== '''&lt;big&gt;Vestigial Sideband Modulation and Its Role in Television&lt;/big&gt;&lt;big&gt;:&lt;/big&gt;''' ==

=== 1. Introduction: ===
Communication systems is an electronic system that consists of electronic components used  to send information/message from one place to another. 

For example, radio and television stations, audio and video signals to the user at long distance.
[[File:Communication System.png|thumb]]</text>
      <sha1>g3m5w5ttd9mttkiraj3wbgotsg3lizn</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679166</id>
      <parentid>4679165</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:27:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tharunivanaparthi</username>
        <id>3629791</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679166</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="416" sha1="sb87gch8pkqhqv7ukhn10gaowj8xr8m" xml:space="preserve">== '''&lt;big&gt;Vestigial Sideband Modulation and Its Role in Television&lt;/big&gt;&lt;big&gt;:&lt;/big&gt;''' ==

=== 1. Introduction: ===
Communication systems is an electronic system that consists of electronic components used  to send information/message from one place to another. 

For example, radio and television stations, audio and video signals to the user at long distance.
             [[File:Communication System.png|thumb]]</text>
      <sha1>sb87gch8pkqhqv7ukhn10gaowj8xr8m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Sukhsm/sandbox/how fiber optics communicationtransmits data</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486651</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679119</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:04:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sukhsm</username>
        <id>3626638</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>i am currently working on this . this for my ca</comment>
      <origin>4679119</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="44" sha1="nx79fbe02gcdflrxmkg5iiebnciq230" xml:space="preserve">how_fiber_optics_communicationtransmits_data</text>
      <sha1>nx79fbe02gcdflrxmkg5iiebnciq230</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Ritwik2418/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486652</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679121</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:06:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ritwik2418</username>
        <id>3629886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added my profile</comment>
      <origin>4679121</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="20" sha1="oy7mto4ajt4rjrl5f263wwwxnk0zozt" xml:space="preserve">Ritwik2418's Sandbox</text>
      <sha1>oy7mto4ajt4rjrl5f263wwwxnk0zozt</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679122</id>
      <parentid>4679121</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:08:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ritwik2418</username>
        <id>3629886</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>4679122</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="177" sha1="mje82ov62sydw245l5172hart029p8p" xml:space="preserve">Ritwik2418's Sandbox
This is my personal workspace for practising Wikipedia editing, developing article drafts, improving citations, and learning Wikipedia's editing guidelines.</text>
      <sha1>mje82ov62sydw245l5172hart029p8p</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679134</id>
      <parentid>4679122</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:17:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ritwik2418</username>
        <id>3629886</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Added a concept</comment>
      <origin>4679134</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="818" sha1="9328eh5nkqxtrcmgdyrcuq788tw4xaa" xml:space="preserve">Ritwik2418's Sandbox

This is my personal workspace for practising Wikipedia editing, developing article drafts, improving citations, and learning Wikipedia's editing guidelines.

INVERSE KINEMATICS

Inverse Kinematics&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation |title=Inverse kinematics |date=2026-10-17 |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Inverse_kinematics&amp;oldid=1380700181 |work=Wikipedia |access-date=2026-10-31 |language=en}}&lt;/ref&gt; is a mathematical process to find the joint angles and length using the end effector's position.

It is exactly opposite to Forward kinematics. Forward kinematics uses Joint angles and length to find End effector position.

In Robotics it plays a major role in Trajectory and path planning to perform pick and place, detecting the object and picking up or trace the exact movements of the object.</text>
      <sha1>9328eh5nkqxtrcmgdyrcuq788tw4xaa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:ItsGreninja/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486653</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679123</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:09:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ItsGreninja</username>
        <id>3629889</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>About the ESP32S3 super mini microcontroller</comment>
      <origin>4679123</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="41" sha1="e4opexajuhh1a8hga9txwneuueb7rjk" xml:space="preserve">== ESP32-S3 super mini microcontroller ==</text>
      <sha1>e4opexajuhh1a8hga9txwneuueb7rjk</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679128</id>
      <parentid>4679123</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:11:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ItsGreninja</username>
        <id>3629889</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ESP32-S3 super mini microcontroller */</comment>
      <origin>4679128</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="144" sha1="hljmbu8y25g4vp3ahuufklyq4nitt48" xml:space="preserve">== ESP32-S3 super mini microcontroller ==
The ESP32S3 super mini is a low-power, high-performance microcontroller built for AI and IoT projects.</text>
      <sha1>hljmbu8y25g4vp3ahuufklyq4nitt48</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Mrmnv536/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486654</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679124</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:09:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Mrmnv536</username>
        <id>3629789</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot; Manav's sandbox&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679124</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16" sha1="20ymq41w1eppz7038ark1on2bgkcg9s" xml:space="preserve">
Manav's sandbox</text>
      <sha1>20ymq41w1eppz7038ark1on2bgkcg9s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Sv8701/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486655</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679125</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:10:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sv8701</username>
        <id>3629893</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;The ESP32 microcontroller does not have dedicated physical pins exclusively for wireless communication like Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, as its radio frequency (RF) components and antennae are integrated directly into the internal silicon chip. However, it features specific strapping pins (such as &lt;mark&gt;GPIO 0, 2, 5, 12, and 15&lt;/mark&gt;) that manage boot modes and voltage configurations critical for stabilizing the internal RF circuitry during startup. Additionally, for external wi...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679125</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="865" sha1="03mbkpchpayrj28pr3lp2yr06zlwnlj" xml:space="preserve">The ESP32 microcontroller does not have dedicated physical pins exclusively for wireless communication like Wi-Fi or Bluetooth, as its radio frequency (RF) components and antennae are integrated directly into the internal silicon chip. However, it features specific strapping pins (such as &lt;mark&gt;GPIO 0, 2, 5, 12, and 15&lt;/mark&gt;) that manage boot modes and voltage configurations critical for stabilizing the internal RF circuitry during startup. Additionally, for external wireless modules or wired-to-wireless bridging, the ESP32 utilizes its flexible pin multiplexing architecture to assign hardware communication protocols—such as '''UART (TX/RX), SPI (MOSI/MISO/CLK), and I2C (SDA/SCL)'''—to almost any available General Purpose Input/Output (GPIO) pin, allowing it to seamlessly interface with peripheral transceivers like LoRa, Zigbee, or cellular modems.</text>
      <sha1>03mbkpchpayrj28pr3lp2yr06zlwnlj</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679177</id>
      <parentid>4679125</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:39:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sv8701</username>
        <id>3629893</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679177</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="780" sha1="lxmx6taiz0qglr6q1p0mvd8t93s7b9x" xml:space="preserve">While building the wireless communication project using the 433 MHz RF module, the 8051 microcontroller, and two sides with two 8051s, it took input from switches and '''UART''' and received the output with 2 output components: one is an LED, and the other is an LCD.

The LED shows the output through flashes: a long flash for the dash code and a short flash for the dot code.

LCD shows the output by converting the Morse code into the word it's meant to be.

Several needs are solved by Morse code, like in Aviation, where the pilot receives the signal at the airway to communicate with the signals. 

The military used it when there's no network or emergency SOS; this is universal we can use it anywhere. 

Morse code can be used in tactile form also by using the vibrations.</text>
      <sha1>lxmx6taiz0qglr6q1p0mvd8t93s7b9x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Shubham1240/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486657</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679137</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:18:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Shubham1240</username>
        <id>3629905</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>nothing</comment>
      <origin>4679137</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="72" sha1="s91003p3pnjtxrtlzdfbis3f5n6zon6" xml:space="preserve">== 5G network architecture: core (5GC), RAN, and the role of the gNB: ==</text>
      <sha1>s91003p3pnjtxrtlzdfbis3f5n6zon6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Ashu935/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486658</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679142</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:21:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ashu935</username>
        <id>3629901</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Written about copper and added image</comment>
      <origin>4679142</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="346" sha1="26zyack0fl5n9i91dqgqn8le8mdojtm" xml:space="preserve">= Chopper =
Chopper is power controller which converts fixed magnitude of DC into variable magnitude of DC. Chopper can increase as well as decrease the supply voltage. So, in D.C circuit, it is equivalent to a transformer. In chopper circuit, any power semiconductor devices i.e., SCR, GTO, MOSFET, BJT, IGBT etc. are represented as switch only.</text>
      <sha1>26zyack0fl5n9i91dqgqn8le8mdojtm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679186</id>
      <parentid>4679142</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:58:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ashu935</username>
        <id>3629901</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>added types of choppers</comment>
      <origin>4679186</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="947" sha1="3xmltnnsv24qt4vdlgvau6li8vjz4ni" xml:space="preserve">= Chopper =
Chopper is power controller which converts fixed magnitude of DC into variable magnitude of DC. Chopper can increase as well as decrease the supply voltage. So, in D.C circuit, it is equivalent to a transformer. In chopper circuit, any power semiconductor devices i.e., SCR, GTO, MOSFET, BJT, IGBT etc. are represented as switch only. 
[[File:Chopper_sym.png|thumb|This is the image of chopper]]

== Types Of Choppers  ==
There are several types of Choppers which includes the following:

# Step Down Chopper
# Step Up Chopper
# Step Up/Down Chopper

=== Step Down Chopper : ===
Step down chopper is a chopper in which average output voltage is less than the supply voltage. ( Vo &lt; Vs )

&lt;u&gt;Types of Step Down Chopper On the Basis of type of load :&lt;/u&gt;

* R Load

[[File:Step_down_chopper_R_load.png|thumb|Step Down Chopper (R Load)]]
Average output voltage : Output voltage = Source Voltage x Duty Cycle

&lt;math&gt;Vo = Vs * \alpha&lt;/math&gt;</text>
      <sha1>3xmltnnsv24qt4vdlgvau6li8vjz4ni</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679187</id>
      <parentid>4679186</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:00:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Ashu935</username>
        <id>3629901</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679187</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1016" sha1="j4omxihhe4ysz89tlmkifgvlejizb1f" xml:space="preserve">= Chopper =
Chopper is power controller which converts fixed magnitude of DC into variable magnitude of DC. Chopper can increase as well as decrease the supply voltage. So, in D.C circuit, it is equivalent to a transformer. In chopper circuit, any power semiconductor devices i.e., SCR, GTO, MOSFET, BJT, IGBT etc. are represented as switch only. 
[[File:Chopper_sym.png|thumb|This is the image of chopper]]

== Types Of Choppers  ==
There are several types of Choppers which includes the following:

# Step Down Chopper
# Step Up Chopper
# Step Up/Down Chopper

=== Step Down Chopper : ===
Step down chopper is a chopper in which average output voltage is less than the supply voltage. ( Vo &lt; Vs )

&lt;u&gt;Types of Step Down Chopper On the Basis of type of load :&lt;/u&gt;

* R Load

[[File:Step_down_chopper_R_load.png|thumb|Step Down Chopper (R Load)]]
Average output voltage : Output voltage = Source Voltage x Duty Cycle

where duty cycle is the ratio of Ton time and Total time. (Ton / T)

&lt;math&gt;Vo = Vs * \alpha&lt;/math&gt;</text>
      <sha1>j4omxihhe4ysz89tlmkifgvlejizb1f</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:PkViews/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486659</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679151</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:23:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>PkViews</username>
        <id>3629904</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Short description|Overview of binary phase-shift keying, quadrature phase-shift keying and quadrature amplitude modulation}} &lt;references /&gt; = Digital Modulation: BPSK, QPSK and QAM =  This chapter introduces three digital modulation schemes: binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). It explains their signal representations, constellation diagrams, error probabilities, comparisons, applications, an...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679151</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15008" sha1="4phf1a7382xd40amabl21gigafk9dqc" xml:space="preserve">{{Short description|Overview of binary phase-shift keying, quadrature phase-shift keying and quadrature amplitude modulation}}
&lt;references /&gt;
= Digital Modulation: BPSK, QPSK and QAM =

This chapter introduces three digital modulation schemes: binary phase-shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK), and quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). It explains their signal representations, constellation diagrams, error probabilities, comparisons, applications, and practice problems.

== Learning objectives ==

After studying this chapter, readers should be able to:
* Explain digital modulation and symbol mapping.
* Distinguish bit rate from symbol rate.
* Interpret I/Q constellation diagrams.
* Describe BPSK, QPSK, and square QAM.
* Calculate bits per symbol and gross bit rate.
* Distinguish bit-error probability (BER) from symbol-error probability (SER).

== 1. Fundamentals ==

A digital communication system maps a sequence of bits to symbols that control a transmitted waveform. A symbol is one of a finite set of permitted signal states. Let &lt;math&gt;M&lt;/math&gt; denote the number of possible symbols. For a power-of-two constellation with equally sized binary labels, the number of bits per symbol is

:&lt;math&gt;k=\log_2 M&lt;/math&gt;

For an uncoded data stream, gross bit rate and symbol rate are related by

:&lt;math&gt;R_b=kR_s&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;R_b&lt;/math&gt; is measured in bits per second and &lt;math&gt;R_s&lt;/math&gt; in symbols per second. Coding, framing, pilots, and protocol overhead can reduce net user throughput [1, 2].

Examples: BPSK carries 1 bit per symbol; QPSK carries 2; 16-QAM carries 4; 64-QAM carries 6.

=== 1.1 Constellation diagrams ===

A constellation diagram represents permitted symbols as points in a two-dimensional plane. The horizontal axis normally represents the in-phase component (&lt;math&gt;I&lt;/math&gt;) and the vertical axis the quadrature component (&lt;math&gt;Q&lt;/math&gt;). A complex baseband symbol is

:&lt;math&gt;a=I+jQ&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;j&lt;/math&gt; is the imaginary unit. One common real passband representation is

:&lt;math&gt;s(t)=I(t)\cos(2\pi f_ct)-Q(t)\sin(2\pi f_ct)&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;f_c&lt;/math&gt; is carrier frequency. Sign conventions for the quadrature component can vary, provided they are used consistently [1, 2]. The spacing between constellation points affects how reliably a receiver can distinguish symbols in noise.

=== Worked example 1: Bit rate ===

A QPSK transmitter operates at 100,000 symbols/s. Since &lt;math&gt;M=4&lt;/math&gt;,

:&lt;math&gt;k=\log_2 4=2&lt;/math&gt;

Thus,

:&lt;math&gt;R_b=kR_s=2(100,000)=200,000\text{ bit/s}&lt;/math&gt;

The gross bit rate is 200 kbit/s.

== 2. Binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) ==

[[File:BPSK Gray Coded.svg|thumb|Constellation diagram for BPSK. Consult the Commons file page for source and licence details.]]

BPSK is a phase modulation scheme with two permitted carrier phase states, commonly separated by 180 degrees. Each symbol represents one bit.

=== 2.1 Signal representation ===

A possible passband representation is

:&lt;math&gt;s_b(t)=\sqrt{\frac{2E_b}{T_b}}\cos(2\pi f_ct+\phi_b),\quad 0\leq t&lt;T_b&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;E_b&lt;/math&gt; is energy per bit, &lt;math&gt;T_b&lt;/math&gt; is bit duration, and &lt;math&gt;\phi_b&lt;/math&gt; is selected from two states, such as 0 and &lt;math&gt;\pi&lt;/math&gt;. The assignment of phase to bit 0 or 1 is a mapping convention. The two signal vectors are antipodal. In coherent detection, the receiver uses a carrier reference synchronized with the received signal to decide which state was sent [1, 2].

=== 2.2 BPSK bit-error probability ===

For uncoded, coherently detected BPSK in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel,

:&lt;math&gt;P_b=Q\left(\sqrt{\frac{2E_b}{N_0}}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

Equivalently,

:&lt;math&gt;P_b=\frac12\operatorname{erfc}\left(\sqrt{\frac{E_b}{N_0}}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

where

:&lt;math&gt;Q(x)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi}}\int_x^\infty e^{-u^2/2}\,du&lt;/math&gt;

Here &lt;math&gt;N_0&lt;/math&gt; is the one-sided noise power spectral density under the convention used in this expression. For BPSK, one symbol carries one bit, so BER and SER are equal under this model [2, 3].

BPSK has a simple two-state constellation and is useful for illustrating coherent detection. At a fixed symbol rate it carries fewer gross bits per second than QPSK or higher-order QAM. Coherent implementations require carrier and timing synchronization.

== 3. Quadrature phase-shift keying (QPSK) ==

[[File:QPSK Gray Coded.svg|thumb|Constellation diagram for QPSK. Consult the Commons file page for source and licence details.]]

QPSK uses four distinct carrier phase states. Since &lt;math&gt;M=4&lt;/math&gt;, each symbol represents &lt;math&gt;\log_2 4=2&lt;/math&gt; bits.

=== 3.1 Working principle ===

QPSK uses two orthogonal carrier components: in-phase and quadrature. Each component can take one of two values, producing four combinations. It can be viewed as two coordinated BPSK signals on orthogonal components [1, 2].

One possible set of phase states is

:&lt;math&gt;\phi_n=\frac{\pi}{4}+\frac{n\pi}{2},\quad n=0,1,2,3&lt;/math&gt;

The angular offset and binary labels depend on the mapping convention. Gray coding is commonly used so neighbouring constellation points differ in one bit. This can reduce bit errors when a symbol decision is made for an adjacent point.

=== 3.2 QPSK error probabilities ===

For uncoded, coherent QPSK with Gray mapping in AWGN,

:&lt;math&gt;P_b=Q\left(\sqrt{\frac{2E_b}{N_0}}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

and

:&lt;math&gt;P_s=2Q\left(\sqrt{\frac{2E_b}{N_0}}\right)-Q^2\left(\sqrt{\frac{2E_b}{N_0}}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

Under these assumptions, coherent Gray-coded QPSK and coherent BPSK have the same theoretical BER at a given &lt;math&gt;E_b/N_0&lt;/math&gt;. Their SER values are not the same because a QPSK symbol contains two bits [2, 3].

QPSK carries twice as many uncoded bits per symbol as BPSK. Actual net throughput also depends on coding, pulse shaping, synchronization, channel conditions, and protocol overhead.

== 4. Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) ==

[[File:16QAM Gray Coded.svg|thumb|Constellation diagram for Gray-coded 16-QAM. Consult the Commons file page for source and licence details.]]

QAM combines two orthogonal carrier components whose amplitudes are selected from discrete levels. Each symbol is represented by a pair of in-phase and quadrature values, so the passband signal can vary in both amplitude and phase.

Common square constellations include 16-QAM, 64-QAM, and 256-QAM. Their bits per symbol are respectively 4, 6, and 8. In general,

:&lt;math&gt;k=\log_2 M&lt;/math&gt;

For square QAM, the number of levels on each axis is &lt;math&gt;\sqrt M&lt;/math&gt;: 16-QAM has a 4 by 4 grid, 64-QAM an 8 by 8 grid, and 256-QAM a 16 by 16 grid.

Increasing constellation size increases bits per symbol. At fixed average signal energy, however, constellation points generally become closer together, making errors more likely in the presence of noise or distortion [1, 4].

=== 4.1 Symbol-error probability for square M-QAM ===

For square &lt;math&gt;M&lt;/math&gt;-QAM with coherent detection in AWGN,

:&lt;math&gt;\begin{aligned}
P_s={}&amp;4\left(\frac{\sqrt M-1}{\sqrt M}\right)
Q\left(\sqrt{\frac{3k}{M-1}\frac{E_b}{N_0}}\right)\\
&amp;-4\left(\frac{\sqrt M-1}{\sqrt M}\right)^2
Q^2\left(\sqrt{\frac{3k}{M-1}\frac{E_b}{N_0}}\right)
\end{aligned}&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;k=\log_2 M&lt;/math&gt;. This expression applies to square constellations under the stated AWGN assumptions [3, 4].

A commonly used nearest-neighbour approximation for Gray-coded square QAM is

:&lt;math&gt;P_b\approx\frac{4}{k}\left(1-\frac{1}{\sqrt M}\right)
Q\left(\sqrt{\frac{3k}{M-1}\frac{E_b}{N_0}}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

This is an approximation, not an exact expression for every operating condition. More general BER expressions depend on constellation geometry, bit mapping, and channel model. Cho and Yoon derive general expressions for one- and two-dimensional amplitude modulation with Gray-coded mappings in AWGN [4].

QAM can provide high spectral efficiency. Higher-order QAM generally needs a higher signal-to-noise ratio and more accurate amplitude and phase control to achieve a particular error rate. Transmitter linearity and receiver design also affect practical performance.

== 5. Comparison ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Comparison of selected modulation schemes
! Scheme !! Number of symbols !! Bits per symbol !! Main signal property !! Typical constellation
|-
| BPSK || 2 || 1 || Carrier phase || Two antipodal points
|-
| QPSK || 4 || 2 || Carrier phase || Four points on a circle
|-
| 16-QAM || 16 || 4 || I/Q amplitudes || 4 by 4 grid
|-
| 64-QAM || 64 || 6 || I/Q amplitudes || 8 by 8 grid
|-
| 256-QAM || 256 || 8 || I/Q amplitudes || 16 by 16 grid
|}

No modulation scheme is universally best. The choice depends on data rate, bandwidth, transmit power, channel quality, receiver complexity, and acceptable error rate. Practical systems may adapt modulation and coding as channel conditions change [1, 2].

== 6. Noise, detection, and spectral efficiency ==

A communication channel can add noise and introduce distortion. In a constellation diagram, noise displaces the received point from its ideal location. If it crosses a decision boundary, the receiver may select the wrong symbol.

The AWGN model represents noise added to the signal, with Gaussian amplitude statistics and constant power spectral density over the frequency range of interest. The ratio &lt;math&gt;E_b/N_0&lt;/math&gt; is commonly used in theoretical error-rate comparisons [2, 3].

Bit-error probability measures the probability that a detected bit differs from the transmitted bit. Symbol-error probability measures the probability that a detected symbol differs from the transmitted symbol. One symbol error can cause one or more bit errors depending on the mapping.

Spectral efficiency describes information rate per unit bandwidth. More bits per symbol can increase gross bit rate at a given symbol rate. Higher-order QAM can improve spectral efficiency, but its closer constellation spacing generally makes it more sensitive to noise at fixed average energy.

== 7. Applications ==

Digital modulation is used in digital radio, wireless data transmission, broadband communications, and satellite links. The selected format depends on system requirements and technical standards.

ITU-T Recommendation G.992.3 specifies ADSL2 transceivers for asymmetric digital subscriber lines [5]. The Bluetooth Core Specification defines differential phase formats including pi/4-DQPSK and 8DPSK for Enhanced Data Rate operation. These are related phase modulation formats, not ordinary BPSK or QPSK [6].

== 8. Worked examples ==

=== Example 2: Bits per symbol in 64-QAM ===

:&lt;math&gt;k=\log_2 64=6&lt;/math&gt;

Each symbol represents 6 bits.

=== Example 3: Gross bit rate in 16-QAM ===

A 16-QAM system operates at 100,000 symbols/s.

:&lt;math&gt;k=\log_2 16=4&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;R_b=kR_s=4(100,000)=400,000\text{ bit/s}&lt;/math&gt;

The gross bit rate is 400 kbit/s.

== 9. Chapter summary ==

* Digital modulation maps information bits to a finite set of signal symbols.
* For a power-of-two constellation, bits per symbol are &lt;math&gt;k=\log_2 M&lt;/math&gt;.
* BPSK has two phase states and carries one bit per symbol.
* QPSK has four phase states and carries two bits per symbol.
* QAM uses combinations of in-phase and quadrature amplitudes.
* Higher-order modulation increases gross bits per symbol but generally reduces point spacing at fixed average energy.
* BER and SER are different measures.
* Error-probability equations must be used with their stated channel and receiver assumptions.

== 10. Review questions ==

# What is digital modulation?
# Define a symbol.
# State the relationship between bit rate and symbol rate.
# How many bits per symbol are carried by BPSK, QPSK, and 16-QAM?
# What is a constellation diagram?
# Explain the principle of BPSK.
# Why are BPSK signal vectors called antipodal?
# How does QPSK use I and Q components?
# What is Gray coding?
# Describe a square 16-QAM constellation.
# Distinguish BER from SER.
# Why is higher-order QAM more sensitive to noise at fixed average energy?
# What is the AWGN model?

== 11. Numerical practice ==

# Calculate bits per symbol for 256-QAM.
# A BPSK system operates at 50,000 symbols/s. Find its gross bit rate.
# A QPSK system operates at 250,000 symbols/s. Find its gross bit rate.
# How many constellation points represent 6 bits per symbol?
# A 16-QAM system operates at 100,000 symbols/s. Find its gross bit rate.

=== Answers ===

# 8 bits per symbol.
# 50,000 bit/s.
# 500,000 bit/s.
# 64 constellation points.
# 400,000 bit/s.

== 12. Glossary ==

; AWGN
: Additive white Gaussian noise, a mathematical model used in communication analysis.
; Bit rate
: Number of bits transmitted per second.
; BPSK
: Binary phase-shift keying, a scheme with two phase states.
; Constellation diagram
: A graphical representation of permitted signal states.
; Gray coding
: A labelling method in which adjacent constellation points differ by one bit.
; In-phase component
: Signal component aligned with the reference carrier.
; QAM
: Quadrature amplitude modulation, using combinations of I and Q amplitudes.
; QPSK
: Quadrature phase-shift keying, a scheme with four phase states.
; Symbol rate
: Number of symbols transmitted per second.
; Spectral efficiency
: Information rate per unit bandwidth.

== Further reading ==

* John G. Proakis, ''Digital Communications'', 4th edition, McGraw-Hill, 2001.
* M. K. Simon and M. S. Alouini, ''Digital Communication over Fading Channels: A Unified Approach to Performance Analysis'', John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2000.
* MIT OpenCourseWare, [https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-450-principles-of-digital-communications-i-fall-2006/ Principles of Digital Communications I].
* MathWorks, [https://www.mathworks.com/help/comm/ug/analytical-expressions-used-in-berawgn-function-and-bit-error-rate-analysis-app.html BER analysis documentation].

== References ==

[1] John G. Proakis, ''Digital Communications'', 4th edition, McGraw-Hill, 2001.

[2] Massachusetts Institute of Technology, ''Principles of Digital Communications I'', MIT OpenCourseWare, 2006. [https://ocw.mit.edu/courses/6-450-principles-of-digital-communications-i-fall-2006/ Course materials].

[3] MathWorks, ''Analytical Expressions Used in berawgn Function and Bit Error Rate Analysis App''. [https://www.mathworks.com/help/comm/ug/analytical-expressions-used-in-berawgn-function-and-bit-error-rate-analysis-app.html Online documentation].

[4] K. Cho and D. Yoon, &quot;On the general BER expression of one- and two-dimensional amplitude modulations&quot;, ''IEEE Transactions on Communications'', vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 1074–1080, July 2002. DOI: [https://doi.org/10.1109/TCOMM.2002.800818 10.1109/TCOMM.2002.800818].

[5] International Telecommunication Union, ''Recommendation ITU-T G.992.3: Asymmetric digital subscriber line transceivers 2 (ADSL2)''. [https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-G.992.3 Recommendation page].

[6] Bluetooth SIG, ''Bluetooth Core Specification'', Radio Physical Layer Specification. [https://www.bluetooth.com/specifications/specs/core-specification/ Specification page].

[[Category:Digital communications]]</text>
      <sha1>4phf1a7382xd40amabl21gigafk9dqc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Chandrakiran66/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486660</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679168</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:29:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chandrakiran66</username>
        <id>3629908</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>New Article On IOT</comment>
      <origin>4679168</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="15505" sha1="1h8scoeohk0nsd1vjs3og11ax86aop6" xml:space="preserve">{{BookCat}}

== Learning Objectives ==
After studying this chapter, students of Electronics &amp; Communication Engineering (ECE) should be able to:

* Define the architectural framework of an IoT-enabled Smart City.
* Understand the selection of sensor and actuator technologies for urban sensing.
* Compare and analyze wireless communication protocols (LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, Zigbee, 5G NR) for smart city telemetry.
* Understand the role of Edge vs. Cloud computing paradigms in latency-sensitive urban infrastructure.
* Analyze critical engineering challenges including power harvesting, RF interference, data security, and interoperability.

---

== 1. Introduction ==
[[File:Components_of_Smart_City.png|right|thumb|340x340px|Key structural components and interconnected domains within an IoT-enabled Smart City ecosystem.]]
Rapid urbanization has placed immense pressure on civil infrastructure, transportation, utilities, and ecological sustainability. A '''Smart City''' leverages Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the '''Internet of Things (IoT)''' to optimize city functions, enhance operational efficiency, minimize resource wastage, and improve the quality of life for its citizens.&lt;ref name=&quot;zanella2014&quot;&gt;Zanella, A., Bui, N., Castellani, A., Vangelista, L., &amp; Zorzi, M. (2014). &quot;Internet of Things for Smart Cities.&quot; ''IEEE Internet of Things Journal'', 1(1), 22–32. doi:10.1109/JIOT.2014.2306328.&lt;/ref&gt;

From an ECE perspective, a smart city represents a large-scale, heterogeneous, distributed cyber-physical system (CPS) comprising billions of embedded devices, transceivers, network gateways, processing units, and actuator controllers operating continuously in dynamic urban environments.&lt;ref name=&quot;alfuqaha2015&quot;&gt;Al-Fuqaha, A., Guizani, M., Mohammadi, M., Aledhari, M., &amp; Ayyash, M. (2015). &quot;Internet of Things: A survey on enabling technologies, protocols, and applications.&quot; ''IEEE Communications Surveys &amp; Tutorials'', 17(4), 2347–2376.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 1.1 Conceptual Framework ===
The deployment of IoT in municipal infrastructure transforms traditional, open-loop management into closed-loop, data-driven automated systems:

# '''Physical State Perception''': Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) sensors collect physical variables (flow rate, gas concentration, vibrational stress, vehicle speed).
# '''Data Transmission''': Low-Power Wide-Area Networks (LPWAN) and cellular infrastructures route the telemetry over standardized communication channels.
# '''Analytical Synthesis''': Edge microservers and central cloud platforms run signal processing, machine learning (ML), and analytics to generate operational insights.
# '''Closed-Loop Actuation''': Commands are transmitted back to actuators (e.g., adjusting traffic signal phases, dynamic street lighting intensity, pressure valve control).

---

== 2. IoT Architecture for Smart Cities ==
[[File:Internet_of_Things.svg|left|thumb|271x271px|Evolution and structural convergence across physical sensing, connectivity, and analytical layers in IoT.]]
Smart City IoT architectures generally follow an extended layered model tailored for high scalability, real-time response, and cross-domain data integration.&lt;ref name=&quot;ray2018&quot;&gt;Ray, P. P. (2018). &quot;A survey on Internet of Things architectures.&quot; ''Journal of King Saud University - Computer and Information Sciences'', 30(3), 291–319.&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot;
!Layer
!Key Hardware / Technologies
!Primary Function in Smart Cities
|-
|'''Application Layer'''
|Citizen portals, SCADA control consoles, emergency response dispatch systems.
|Domain-specific services (Smart Mobility, Smart Grid, Automated Waste Logistics).
|-
|'''Middleware &amp; Analytics Layer'''
|Cloud servers, distributed databases, Big Data analytics, AI/ML inference engines.
|Aggregation, semantic mediation, data storage, predictive modeling, decision logic.
|-
|'''Edge / Fog Computing Layer'''
|Industrial IoT gateways, micro-edge nodes (ARM Cortex-A / RISC-V SBCs), roadside units (RSUs).
|Local protocol translation, time-critical event detection, data compression, bandwidth optimization.
|-
|'''Network &amp; Transport Layer'''
|IPv6/6LoWPAN, LoRaWAN, NB-IoT, 4G/5G NR, Wi-SUN, Optical Fiber backbones.
|Long-range and short-range wireless telemetry, packet routing, Quality of Service (QoS).
|-
|'''Perception / Sensing Layer'''
|Transducers, MEMS sensors, smart meters, RFID tags, CMOS cameras, microcontrollers (MCU).
|Analog-to-digital signal acquisition, physical parameter sampling, local pre-filtering.
|}
---

== 3. Communication Technologies and Protocols ==
[[File:LoRaWAN-Architecture.svg|right|thumb|360x360px|End-to-end LoRaWAN network architecture showing star-of-stars topology from End Nodes through Gateways to Network and Application Servers.]]
Urban deployments require a heterogeneous mix of short-range wireless, wide-area LPWAN, and high-throughput cellular infrastructure.&lt;ref name=&quot;centenaro2016&quot;&gt;Centenaro, M., Vangelista, L., Zanella, A., &amp; Zorzi, M. (2016). &quot;Long-range communications in unlicensed bands: the rising stars in the IoT and smart city scenarios.&quot; ''IEEE Wireless Communications'', 23(5), 60–67.&lt;/ref&gt;


=== 3.1 Protocol Comparison ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%; text-align: center;&quot;
!Technology
!Operating Band
!Typical Range
!Data Rate
!Power Consumption
!Primary Urban Use Case
|-
|'''Zigbee (IEEE 802.15.4)'''
|2.4 GHz ISM
|10 – 100 m
|Up to 250 kbps
|Very Low
|Indoor building automation, home energy management.
|-
|'''LoRaWAN'''
|Sub-GHz (868/915 MHz)
|2 – 5 km (Urban), 15 km (LOS)
|0.3 – 50 kbps
|Ultra-Low (multi-year battery)
|Smart water meters, trash bin monitoring, soil monitoring.
|-
|'''NB-IoT (3GPP Rel 13+)'''
|Licensed Cellular (LTE in-band/guard)
|1 – 10 km
|~20 – 250 kbps
|Low (PSM / eDRX enabled)
|Smart utility metering, municipal street lighting.
|-
|'''Wi-SUN'''
|Sub-GHz (868/915 MHz mesh)
|Up to 1 km/hop (Mesh)
|50 – 300 kbps
|Low to Medium
|Smart electrical distribution networks, AMI.
|-
|'''5G NR (eMBB / URLLC)'''
|Sub-6 GHz &amp; mmWave
|100 m – 2 km
|Up to 10 Gbps
|High
|Autonomous vehicles (C-V2X), real-time CCTV analytics.
|}

=== 3.2 Application Layer Messaging Protocols ===

* '''MQTT (Message Queuing Telemetry Transport)''':
** Lightweight Publish/Subscribe model designed for low-bandwidth, high-latency, or unreliable networks.&lt;ref name=&quot;oasis_mqtt&quot;&gt;OASIS Standard (2019). &quot;MQTT Version 5.0.&quot; OASIS Open Standard.&lt;/ref&gt;
** Runs over TCP/IP (typically port 1883 or 8883 with TLS).
** Features three Quality of Service (QoS) levels: QoS 0 (At most once), QoS 1 (At least once), QoS 2 (Exactly once).
* '''CoAP (Constrained Application Protocol)''':
** Designed specifically for constrained 8-bit and 16-bit nodes (RFC 7252).&lt;ref name=&quot;rfc7252&quot;&gt;Shelby, Z., Hartke, K., &amp; Bormann, C. (2014). &quot;The Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP).&quot; IETF RFC 7252.&lt;/ref&gt;
** Operates over UDP to reduce connection overhead; uses a RESTful Request/Response model.
** Includes built-in support for resource discovery, multicast, and asynchronous subscriptions.

---

== 4. Core Subsystems and Engineering Implementations ==
=== 4.1 Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) ===
[[File:Types_V2X_.png|left|thumb|340x340px|Communication modes in Cellular V2X (C-V2X): Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), and Vehicle-to-Pedestrian (V2P).]]

* '''Adaptive Traffic Control System (ATCS)''':
** Embedded inductive loops, radar sensors, and thermal imaging cameras monitor queue length and vehicle flow.
** Microcontroller units (e.g., STM32 / NXP i.MX) process local occupancy rates and dynamically modulate green-signal timing via actuated controllers, minimizing vehicle wait times and carbon emissions.
* '''Connected Vehicles &amp; Cellular V2X (C-V2X)''':
** Operates in the 5.9 GHz ITS band utilizing direct PC5 sidelink communication.&lt;ref name=&quot;3gpp_v2x&quot;&gt;3GPP TS 22.185: &quot;Service requirements for V2X services; Stage 1 (Release 16)&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;
** Facilitates Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) low-latency messaging for collision mitigation and pedestrian safety.
* '''Smart Parking Systems''':
** Magnetoresistive and ultrasonic sensors embedded into parking slots detect vehicle presence via magnetic flux distortion.
** Data is pushed over LoraWAN or NB-IoT to municipal navigation dashboards.

=== 4.2 Smart Grid and Utility Automation ===
[[File:Smart_grid.png|right|thumb|360x360px|Bidirectional electrical flow and telemetric data communications in an Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) and smart distribution grid.]]

* '''Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)''':
** Replaces mechanical analog meters with bidirectional electronic smart meters equipped with high-precision ADCs (e.g., ADE7758/ADE7953) for active/reactive power measurement.&lt;ref name=&quot;fang2012&quot;&gt;Fang, X., Misra, S., Xue, G., &amp; Yang, D. (2012). &quot;Smart Grid — The New and Improved Power Grid: A Survey.&quot; ''IEEE Communications Surveys &amp; Tutorials'', 14(4), 944–980.&lt;/ref&gt;
** Communicates interval consumption data to the utility via cellular or RF mesh networks, enabling Time-of-Use (ToU) dynamic tariffs.
* '''Automated Fault Detection, Isolation, and Service Restoration (FDIR)''':
** Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) synchronize voltage and current waveforms using GPS timestamps, enabling real-time detection of distribution grid anomalies.

=== 4.3 Environmental Monitoring and Waste Logistics ===

* '''Air Quality &amp; Noise Pollution Monitoring''':
** Electrochemical and optical particulate matter sensors (PM2.5 / PM10 using laser light scattering) interface via I2C/SPI with wireless transceiver nodes.
** Nodes transmit spatial dispersion data to identify industrial pollutant plumes.
* '''Solid Waste Optimization''':
** Ultrasonic distance sensors mounted on container lids measure fill levels.
** Tilt sensors detect bin emptying events.
** Dynamic routing algorithms calculate optimized collection paths for municipal fleets, reducing fuel consumption by up to 30%.

---

== 5. Hardware and Communication Engineering Challenges ==
Implementing city-wide IoT networks presents unique challenges for electronic and communication systems engineers:

=== 5.1 Energy Constraints and Power Harvesting ===

* Many field nodes cannot connect to mains power and must function for 5 to 10 years on lithium-thionyl chloride ($Li-SOCl_2$) batteries.
* '''Mitigation Techniques''':
** Deep-sleep operational cycling ($&lt; 5\ \mu\text{A}$ standby currents).
** Implementation of ambient micro-energy harvesting: photovoltaic micro-cells, piezoelectric vibrational harvesters, and thermoelectric generators (TEG).&lt;ref name=&quot;sudevalayam2011&quot;&gt;Sudevalayam, S., &amp; Kulkarni, P. (2011). &quot;Energy Harvesting Sensor Nodes: Survey and Implications.&quot; ''IEEE Communications Surveys &amp; Tutorials'', 13(3), 443–461.&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 5.2 RF Propagation and Urban Path Loss ===

* High-density urban environments introduce severe multi-path fading, shadow fading, and Non-Line-of-Sight (NLOS) conditions.
* '''Path Loss Modeling''': Empirical models such as the '''Okumura-Hata''' and '''COST 231''' models are applied to characterize Sub-GHz and 2 GHz propagation:

: &lt;math&gt;PL(dB) = 69.55 + 26.16 \log_{10}(f) - 13.82 \log_{10}(h_b) - a(h_m) + (44.9 - 6.55 \log_{10}(h_b)) \log_{10}(d)&lt;/math&gt;

* '''Co-Channel Interference''': The uncoordinated use of unlicensed Sub-GHz (868/915 MHz) and 2.4 GHz ISM bands causes packet collisions, necessitating Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) and Listen-Before-Talk (LBT) mechanisms.

=== 5.3 System Interoperability and Standardization ===

* Proprietary hardware silos impede horizontal data flow between municipal departments.
* Standardized semantic data models (such as oneM2M and OMA SpecWorks Lightweight M2M / LwM2M) are crucial for unifying heterogeneous sensors under common RESTful APIs.&lt;ref name=&quot;onem2m&quot;&gt;oneM2M Technical Specification: &quot;TS-0001: Functional Architecture,&quot; Release 4.&lt;/ref&gt;

---

== 6. Security, Privacy, and Cyber-Physical Resilience ==
Because smart cities control critical civil infrastructure, security vulnerabilities can directly threaten public safety.&lt;ref name=&quot;kumar2019&quot;&gt;Kumar, P., Lin, Y., Bai, G., Paik, H. Y., &amp; Chen, J. (2019). &quot;Smart Grid Security: Threats, Vulnerabilities, and Solutions.&quot; ''ACM Computing Surveys'', 52(4), 1–36.&lt;/ref&gt;

* '''Attack Surfaces''':
** ''Perception Layer'': Hardware tampering, side-channel attacks, RF jamming, rogue node injection.
** ''Network Layer'': Man-in-the-Middle (MitM) attacks, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) against gateways, routing loop attacks (RPL attacks in 6LoWPAN).
** ''Application Layer'': Unauthorized access to citizen location data, SCADA command spoofing.
* '''ECE Engineering Solutions''':
** '''Hardware Security Modules (HSMs) &amp; Secure Elements (SE)''': Integration of cryptographic coprocessors (e.g., ATECC608A) for hardware-isolated root-of-trust, secure boot, and zero-knowledge private key storage.
** '''Lightweight Cryptography (LWC)''': Implementation of NIST-standardized lightweight ciphers (e.g., ASCON) to provide authenticated encryption on resource-constrained 8/16/32-bit MCUs with minimal latency and power penalty.&lt;ref name=&quot;nist_lwc&quot;&gt;NIST SP 800-226: &quot;Guidelines for Evaluating Lightweight Cryptographic Systems&quot;.&lt;/ref&gt;

---

== 7. Summary ==

* The Internet of Things is the foundational nervous system of modern Smart Cities, translating physical urban dynamics into actionable digital intelligence.
* A robust smart city relies on a tiered architecture: Perception, Network, Edge, and Application layers.
* Wireless protocol selection is dictated by trade-offs between data rate, link range, operating spectrum, and battery longevity. LPWAN (LoRaWAN, NB-IoT) dominates static low-throughput sensing, while 5G caters to mission-critical, low-latency applications.
* Hardware-level security, edge-computing paradigms, and efficient RF power management form the backbone of resilient urban deployments.

---

== 8. Review and Numerical Questions ==

# Explain the 4-layer IoT architecture with specific reference to an automated flood monitoring and drainage system in an urban context.
# A smart water meter node powered by a 3.6 V, 2400 mAh battery transmits data once every hour using LoRaWAN.
#* During active transmission (duration = 2 seconds), it draws 40 mA.
#* During sleep mode, it draws &lt;math&gt;5\ \mu\text{A}&lt;/math&gt;.
#* Calculate the theoretical battery life of the node in years (assume negligible self-discharge).
# Compare and contrast LoRaWAN and NB-IoT with respect to spectrum usage, modulation schemes, deployment costs, and latency.
# What are the distinct security vulnerabilities at the perception layer of an IoT network? How does a hardware Secure Element (SE) mitigate private key extraction?
# Discuss why Edge Computing is preferred over centralized Cloud Computing for Cellular V2X (C-V2X) and real-time collision avoidance.

---

== 9. References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Further Reading &amp; Textbook Standards ===

* Stallings, W. (2018). ''Foundations of Modern Networking: SDN, NFV, QoE, IoT, and Cloud''. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 978-0134291079.
* Kurose, J. F., &amp; Ross, K. W. (2021). ''Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach'' (8th ed.). Pearson.
* 3GPP TS 36.300: &quot;Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description&quot;.
* LoRa Alliance Technical Committee: &quot;LoRaWAN® 1.0.4 Regional Parameters Specification&quot;.</text>
      <sha1>1h8scoeohk0nsd1vjs3og11ax86aop6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Patrabasudev/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486661</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679171</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:32:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Patrabasudev</username>
        <id>3629911</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{BookCat}}  Noise is an unavoidable limitation in practical communication systems. It is present in electronic components, can be picked up by antennas and transmission lines, and may enter through the surrounding environment. Noise can make an analogue signal less clear and can cause a digital receiver to make incorrect symbol and bit decisions. Understanding its sources, mathematical models and effects is therefore essential when designing transmitters, channels and r...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679171</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="46480" sha1="c2nahq4slvsbtg4zryaqzn5xr5t0dsx" xml:space="preserve">{{BookCat}}

Noise is an unavoidable limitation in practical communication systems. It is present in electronic components, can be picked up by antennas and transmission lines, and may enter through the surrounding environment. Noise can make an analogue signal less clear and can cause a digital receiver to make incorrect symbol and bit decisions. Understanding its sources, mathematical models and effects is therefore essential when designing transmitters, channels and receivers.

This chapter introduces the major classifications of noise, develops commonly used noise equations, explains signal-to-noise ratio and noise figure, and describes practical methods for reducing noise. The equations are accompanied by their assumptions because noise calculations depend on bandwidth, measurement convention, impedance and device operating conditions.

== Learning objectives ==

After studying this chapter, the reader should be able to:

* define noise and distinguish it from interference and distortion;
* classify noise by source, frequency spectrum and statistical behaviour;
* explain atmospheric, extraterrestrial, man-made, thermal, shot, flicker, partition and transit-time noise;
* interpret a noise power spectral density (PSD);
* calculate thermal-noise power, resistor noise voltage and shot-noise current;
* calculate signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and express it in decibels;
* explain additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), noise figure and noise temperature;
* describe how noise affects analogue and digital communication;
* identify suitable circuit, transmission and signal-processing techniques for reducing noise.

== 1. Definition and role of noise ==

In communication engineering, **noise** is an unwanted random signal or disturbance that affects the transmission, reception, measurement or processing of a desired signal. It may be generated inside a device, enter from the surrounding environment, or be introduced by the communication channel. Noise and distortion are important limits on the quality and reliability of communication systems.&lt;ref name=&quot;Vaseghi&quot;&gt;S. V. Vaseghi, “Noise and Distortion,” in ''Advanced Digital Signal Processing and Noise Reduction'', Wiley, 2001. [https://doi.org/10.1002/0470841621.ch2 DOI: 10.1002/0470841621.ch2].&lt;/ref&gt;

A basic communication link can be represented as:

&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;text&quot;&gt;
Information source -&gt; Transmitter -&gt; Communication channel -&gt; Receiver -&gt; Destination
                                       ^
                                       |
                              Noise and interference
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

A simple additive-noise model is:

:&lt;math&gt;r(t)=s(t)+n(t)&lt;/math&gt;

where:

* &lt;math&gt;r(t)&lt;/math&gt; is the received signal;
* &lt;math&gt;s(t)&lt;/math&gt; is the desired signal at the receiver input;
* &lt;math&gt;n(t)&lt;/math&gt; is the noise contribution.

The additive model is useful for many analyses, but it is not a complete model of every real channel. Some disturbances are multiplicative, time-varying or nonlinear, and some interference may be structured rather than random.

=== Noise, interference and distortion ===

These terms are related, but they do not mean exactly the same thing.

* **Noise** is generally modelled as an unwanted, often random, disturbance. Thermal noise in a resistor is a common example.
* **Interference** is an unwanted signal or emission that affects reception. Examples include a nearby transmitter, switching equipment or coupling from another cable. Interference may be periodic, modulated or otherwise structured.
* **Distortion** is a change in the waveform caused by a system or channel. Amplitude distortion, phase distortion and nonlinear distortion are examples. Distortion can occur even when random noise is absent.

In practical receivers, the effects may overlap. For example, an interfering radio transmitter may be described as radio-frequency interference (RFI), while the receiver may treat its contribution as an increase in unwanted received energy. The exact terminology depends on the application.&lt;ref name=&quot;Vaseghi&quot; /&gt;

== 2. Classification of noise ==

Noise can be classified in several ways. The categories are not mutually exclusive: the same physical disturbance can be described by its source, its spectrum and its statistical distribution.

=== 2.1 Classification by source ===

==== 2.1.1 External noise ====

External noise originates outside the receiver or electronic circuit under consideration. It is commonly grouped into atmospheric, extraterrestrial and man-made noise.

===== Atmospheric noise =====

Atmospheric noise is produced mainly by natural electrical discharges, particularly lightning. A lightning discharge creates a short electromagnetic disturbance that can be received by an antenna. A receiver may reproduce these disturbances as clicks, crackles or bursts of noise.

Atmospheric noise is often important in the LF, MF and HF radio bands. Its strength varies with the number and location of thunderstorms, time of day, season, geographical location and operating frequency. The received level can change as propagation conditions and the distribution of storms change. The Australian Bureau of Meteorology's HF propagation material describes atmospheric noise as a major natural contributor in parts of the HF band.&lt;ref name=&quot;BoM&quot;&gt;Australian Bureau of Meteorology, “Noise,” in ''Introduction to HF Radio Propagation''. [https://sws.bom.gov.au/Educational/5/2/2].&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Extraterrestrial noise =====

Extraterrestrial noise is radio noise that originates beyond the Earth's atmosphere. Two useful categories are:

* **Solar noise:** radio emissions associated with the Sun. The received level can vary with solar activity and the direction of the antenna.
* **Galactic or cosmic noise:** radio emissions from sources distributed through the Milky Way and other celestial objects. Galactic background emission can be observed as a relatively persistent radio background, with its received strength changing as the antenna scans different regions of the sky.&lt;ref name=&quot;RadioJOVE&quot;&gt;NASA, “Radio JOVE: Science,” including discussion of galactic background emissions. [https://radiojove.gsfc.nasa.gov/science/].&lt;/ref&gt;

Extraterrestrial noise is important in radio astronomy, satellite links and sensitive radio receivers. Its effect depends on frequency, antenna direction, antenna temperature and the strength of the desired received signal.

===== Man-made or industrial noise =====

Man-made noise is generated by human activities and electrical or electronic equipment. Examples include:

* electric motors, generators and industrial machinery;
* vehicle ignition and electrical systems;
* power converters, switching power supplies and inverters;
* relay contacts, fluorescent lighting and other switching devices;
* computers, digital circuits and poorly filtered electronic equipment;
* unwanted emissions from nearby radio transmitters.

Man-made noise can be conducted through power and signal wiring or radiated through space. It can be periodic, impulsive, broadband or narrowband. The level depends on the equipment, switching activity, shielding, grounding, distance and receiver location. NASA's discussion of radio-frequency interference gives examples of human-made emissions that can raise the noise level at a radio receiver and reduce the received SNR.&lt;ref name=&quot;NASA-RFI&quot;&gt;NASA, “Radio Frequency Interference,” in ''Basics of Space Flight'', Chapter 6. [https://science.nasa.gov/learn/basics-of-space-flight/chapter6-3/].&lt;/ref&gt;

==== 2.1.2 Internal noise ====

Internal noise is generated within the components and circuits of a communication system. It is especially important in receivers because received signals may be very weak. Common internal noise mechanisms include thermal noise, shot noise, flicker noise, partition noise and transit-time noise. Semiconductor devices can also exhibit burst noise and generation-recombination noise.

===== Thermal noise (Johnson-Nyquist noise) =====

Thermal noise is caused by the random thermal motion of charge carriers in a conductor or resistive element. The carriers move irregularly even when no external signal is applied. Their combined motion produces a random voltage across the resistor and a random current through a circuit.

Thermal noise exists in any resistive element at a temperature above absolute zero. It does not require a bias current. For many communication and measurement applications, thermal noise is approximately white over the bandwidth of interest. The standard equations are developed in Section 4.1.&lt;ref name=&quot;Keithley&quot;&gt;Tektronix/Keithley, ''Low Level Measurements Handbook: Precision DC Current, Voltage, and Resistance Measurements'', 7th ed., section on Johnson noise. [https://mems.iitm.ac.in/eservice/sites/default/files/charactrazation_file/KeithleyLowLevelHandbook_7Ed.pdf].&lt;/ref&gt;

[[File:JohnsonNoiseEquivalentCircuits.svg|thumb|Equivalent representations of thermal noise in a resistor. The circuit model may be represented using a series voltage source or a parallel current source.]]

===== Shot noise =====

Shot noise arises because electric current is carried by discrete charge carriers rather than by a perfectly continuous flow. When carriers cross a junction independently and randomly, the number arriving in a particular time interval fluctuates. The resulting current contains a random component.

Shot noise is important in devices such as semiconductor diodes, transistor junctions and photodetectors. Its ideal form is commonly modelled as a white-noise process over the frequency range where the simple model applies. The standard expression is given in Section 4.2.

===== Flicker noise (1/f noise) =====

Flicker noise is a low-frequency noise mechanism whose power spectral density generally increases as frequency decreases. It is often approximated by:

:&lt;math&gt;S_n(f)=\frac{K}{f^{\alpha}}&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;K&lt;/math&gt; is a device-dependent constant and &lt;math&gt;\alpha&lt;/math&gt; is often close to 1. The expression is an approximate spectral model; the value of &lt;math&gt;K&lt;/math&gt; and the exponent depend on the device and operating conditions.

Flicker noise can be significant in semiconductor devices and amplifiers, especially at low frequencies. At higher frequencies, white-noise mechanisms may dominate. The frequency at which the flicker contribution becomes comparable to the broadband white-noise contribution is often called the **1/f corner frequency**.&lt;ref name=&quot;ADI-LNA&quot;&gt;Analog Devices, “Choosing a Low-Noise Amplifier,” discussion of flicker and shot-noise contributions. [https://www.analog.com/en/resources/technical-articles/2022/07/16/09/23/choosing-a-lownoise-amplifier.html].&lt;/ref&gt;

===== Partition noise =====

Partition noise occurs when a stream of charge carriers is divided randomly between two or more possible paths. Since the number of carriers entering each path fluctuates, the current in an individual path also fluctuates. It can occur in devices with multiple current paths or collection regions.

The exact noise expression depends on the device structure and the statistical model of the carrier division. It should therefore not be treated as one universal formula for every transistor or diode.

===== Transit-time noise =====

Transit-time effects become important when the time taken by charge carriers to travel through a device is no longer negligible compared with the period of the signal being processed. At sufficiently high frequencies, carrier motion and finite transit time can change the current response and contribute to noise or degrade device performance.

===== Other internal noise mechanisms =====

* **Burst noise (popcorn noise):** sudden changes between discrete voltage or current levels. It can produce step-like disturbances or bursts in a signal.
* **Generation-recombination noise:** fluctuations associated with the generation and recombination of charge carriers in a semiconductor.
* **Avalanche noise:** excess noise associated with the statistical multiplication of carriers during avalanche breakdown or impact-ionisation processes.

These mechanisms are device-dependent. A practical low-noise design must use the noise data and equivalent models supplied for the selected component.

=== 2.2 Classification by spectral characteristics ===

Noise can also be described by how its power spectral density varies with frequency.

==== White noise ====

White noise is an idealised random process with constant power spectral density over the frequency range being considered. The name is an analogy with white light, which contains a broad range of optical frequencies.

For an ideal white-noise process, the power spectral density is flat. Real noise sources are never perfectly white over an unlimited frequency range. The white-noise approximation is useful when the PSD is nearly constant over the receiver bandwidth.

[[File:White noise spectrum.svg|thumb|An idealised flat power spectral density for white noise.]]

==== Coloured noise ====

Coloured noise has a power spectral density that varies with frequency. Flicker noise is one example. Other commonly used colour descriptions include:

* **Pink noise:** power spectral density approximately proportional to &lt;math&gt;1/f&lt;/math&gt;.
* **Brownian or red noise:** power spectral density approximately proportional to &lt;math&gt;1/f^2&lt;/math&gt; over the modelled range.
* **Blue noise:** power spectral density increases with frequency over the range being considered.
* **Violet noise:** power spectral density rises more rapidly with frequency, often modelled as proportional to &lt;math&gt;f^2&lt;/math&gt;.

These colour names describe idealised spectral slopes; they do not identify a unique physical source. A device's actual spectrum may depart from these simple models.

[[File:The Colors of Noise.svg|thumb|Illustrative power spectral densities for several noise colours. The exact spectrum of a real device depends on its physical mechanisms and operating conditions.]]

=== 2.3 Classification by statistical characteristics ===

==== Gaussian noise ====

Gaussian noise is noise whose instantaneous amplitude, under the chosen statistical model, follows a Gaussian (normal) probability distribution. A zero-mean Gaussian random variable with variance &lt;math&gt;\sigma^2&lt;/math&gt; has probability density function:

:&lt;math&gt;p(n)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi\sigma^2}}\exp\left(-\frac{n^2}{2\sigma^2}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

The mean is zero and the mean-square value is the variance:

:&lt;math&gt;E[n]=0,\qquad E[n^2]=\sigma^2&lt;/math&gt;

Gaussian describes the amplitude probability distribution. It does not, by itself, say whether the noise spectrum is white or coloured.

==== Impulsive noise ====

Impulsive noise consists of short-duration disturbances that may have amplitudes much larger than the ordinary background noise. Lightning, switching contacts, electrical discharges and some industrial equipment can produce impulsive disturbances. Such events can cause a group or burst of errors in a digital receiver rather than isolated errors.

==== Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) ====

AWGN is a widely used mathematical model in communication theory. The three words describe separate properties:

* **Additive:** the noise is added to the signal;
* **White:** the noise has a flat power spectral density over the modelled frequency range;
* **Gaussian:** the noise amplitude follows a Gaussian distribution.

A common baseband model is:

:&lt;math&gt;r(t)=s(t)+n(t)&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;n(t)&lt;/math&gt; is zero-mean Gaussian noise. In a common two-sided PSD convention, ideal white Gaussian noise is written:

:&lt;math&gt;S_n(f)=\frac{N_0}{2}&lt;/math&gt;

The quantity &lt;math&gt;N_0&lt;/math&gt; is the corresponding one-sided noise power spectral density under the usual real-signal convention. Because one-sided and two-sided PSD conventions differ by a factor of two, the convention must be stated when calculating noise power. AWGN is a useful reference model, not a claim that every real communication channel contains only AWGN.

[[File:White-noise-trace.svg|thumb|A sampled realisation of white noise. A random time-domain waveform and its power spectral density describe different properties of the same process.]]

== 3. Power spectral density and noise bandwidth ==

The **power spectral density (PSD)** describes how the average power of a random process is distributed over frequency. For a voltage-noise PSD, the units are commonly &lt;math&gt;\mathrm{V^2/Hz}&lt;/math&gt;; for a current-noise PSD, they are &lt;math&gt;\mathrm{A^2/Hz}&lt;/math&gt;. A power PSD may be expressed in &lt;math&gt;\mathrm{W/Hz}&lt;/math&gt;.

The total mean-square value over a frequency range is obtained by integrating the appropriate PSD over that range. For example, with a one-sided voltage PSD &lt;math&gt;S_v(f)&lt;/math&gt; for a real signal:

:&lt;math&gt;\overline{v_n^2}=\int_0^{\infty}S_v(f)\,df&lt;/math&gt;

For a circuit with transfer function &lt;math&gt;H(f)&lt;/math&gt;, filtering changes the output noise spectrum. If the input noise is stationary and has PSD &lt;math&gt;S_n(f)&lt;/math&gt;, the output PSD is:

:&lt;math&gt;S_y(f)=|H(f)|^2S_n(f)&lt;/math&gt;

The total output noise depends on the noise spectrum and the filter response. For white noise, reducing the effective noise bandwidth generally reduces the integrated noise power.

=== Equivalent noise bandwidth ===

A practical filter does not have an ideal rectangular frequency response. Its **equivalent noise bandwidth** is the bandwidth of an ideal rectangular filter that would pass the same noise power for the same peak gain. For a one-sided low-pass convention:

:&lt;math&gt;B_n=\frac{1}{|H(0)|^2}\int_0^{\infty}|H(f)|^2\,df&lt;/math&gt;

For a band-pass filter, the integration and reference gain must be defined consistently over the positive-frequency passband. Equivalent-noise-bandwidth definitions vary slightly with one-sided or two-sided conventions, so the convention should be stated in a detailed calculation.

== 4. Mathematical representation of important noise sources ==

=== 4.1 Thermal noise ===

For a resistor at absolute temperature &lt;math&gt;T&lt;/math&gt;, the **available thermal-noise power** delivered to a matched load over a noise bandwidth &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is:

:&lt;math&gt;P_n=kTB&lt;/math&gt;

where:

* &lt;math&gt;P_n&lt;/math&gt; is available noise power in watts;
* &lt;math&gt;k&lt;/math&gt; is Boltzmann's constant, exactly &lt;math&gt;1.380649\times10^{-23}\ \mathrm{J/K}&lt;/math&gt; in the SI;&lt;ref name=&quot;NIST-k&quot;&gt;National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), “CODATA Value: Boltzmann constant.” [https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?k].&lt;/ref&gt;
* &lt;math&gt;T&lt;/math&gt; is absolute temperature in kelvins;
* &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is noise bandwidth in hertz.

The value &lt;math&gt;kTB&lt;/math&gt; is the maximum available noise power under matched conditions; it is not the open-circuit noise voltage of a resistor.

The one-sided open-circuit thermal-noise voltage PSD of a resistor is &lt;math&gt;4kTR&lt;/math&gt; in &lt;math&gt;\mathrm{V^2/Hz}&lt;/math&gt;. Integrated over a bandwidth &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt;, the mean-square open-circuit noise voltage is:

:&lt;math&gt;\overline{v_n^2}=4kTRB&lt;/math&gt;

The corresponding root-mean-square voltage is:

:&lt;math&gt;v_{n,\mathrm{rms}}=\sqrt{4kTRB}&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;R&lt;/math&gt; is resistance in ohms. The equivalent open-circuit noise current for the Norton representation is:

:&lt;math&gt;i_{n,\mathrm{rms}}=\sqrt{\frac{4kTB}{R}}&lt;/math&gt;

These voltage and current expressions assume a resistor with the stated temperature and a flat noise spectrum over the measurement bandwidth. The available-power equation and the open-circuit voltage equation describe different quantities and should not be substituted for one another. Standard resistor-noise models are discussed in the Keithley handbook and communication-engineering texts.&lt;ref name=&quot;Keithley&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Proakis&quot;&gt;J. G. Proakis and M. Salehi, ''Communication Systems Engineering'', 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, 2002.&lt;/ref&gt;

==== Factors affecting thermal noise ====

From &lt;math&gt;P_n=kTB&lt;/math&gt;, thermal-noise power increases directly with temperature and bandwidth. For a resistor's open-circuit voltage-noise variance, it also increases directly with resistance. Therefore, thermal noise can often be reduced by:

* reducing the receiver noise bandwidth without removing useful signal components;
* reducing the physical temperature where cooling is practical;
* choosing an appropriate source resistance and circuit topology;
* using low-noise components and suitable impedance matching.

Cooling does not remove every type of noise, and reducing bandwidth may also reduce the amount of desired signal that can be received.

=== 4.2 Shot noise ===

For an ideal current made up of statistically independent charge-carrier arrivals, the one-sided shot-noise current PSD is commonly written:

:&lt;math&gt;S_i(f)=2qI_{\mathrm{DC}}&lt;/math&gt;

The mean-square shot-noise current in a measurement bandwidth &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is:

:&lt;math&gt;\overline{i_n^2}=2qI_{\mathrm{DC}}B&lt;/math&gt;

and its root-mean-square value is:

:&lt;math&gt;i_{n,\mathrm{rms}}=\sqrt{2qI_{\mathrm{DC}}B}&lt;/math&gt;

where:

* &lt;math&gt;q&lt;/math&gt; is the magnitude of the elementary charge, approximately &lt;math&gt;1.602176634\times10^{-19}\ \mathrm{C}&lt;/math&gt;;
* &lt;math&gt;I_{\mathrm{DC}}&lt;/math&gt; is the average direct current in amperes;
* &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is the measurement bandwidth in hertz.

The simple formula is based on a Poisson-like, independent-carrier model and is most directly applicable to ideal junction or current-flow conditions. Real devices may exhibit correlations, gain-related excess noise or other mechanisms, so a practical device's measured noise may differ from the ideal expression.&lt;ref name=&quot;Vaseghi&quot; /&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;ADI-LNA&quot; /&gt;

=== 4.3 Flicker noise ===

Flicker noise is often represented over a specified frequency range by:

:&lt;math&gt;S(f)=\frac{K}{f^\alpha},\qquad \alpha\approx1&lt;/math&gt;

The PSD rises as frequency decreases. The coefficient and exponent depend on the technology and device. This model should not be extrapolated to zero frequency or to an unlimited frequency range; real devices have finite operating ranges and other noise mechanisms eventually dominate.

=== 4.4 Addition of independent noise sources ===

When independent, zero-mean noise sources are uncorrelated, their mean-square values (or powers, when referred to the same impedance and bandwidth) add:

:&lt;math&gt;\sigma_{\mathrm{total}}^2=\sigma_1^2+\sigma_2^2+\cdots+\sigma_m^2&lt;/math&gt;

For independent noise voltages measured across the same resistance, this is a mean-square addition, not a direct addition of RMS amplitudes. If the sources are correlated, cross-correlation terms may also be present.

== 5. Signal-to-noise ratio ==

The **signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)** compares the desired signal power with the noise power over the same relevant bandwidth:

:&lt;math&gt;\mathrm{SNR}=\frac{P_s}{P_n}&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;P_s&lt;/math&gt; is signal power and &lt;math&gt;P_n&lt;/math&gt; is noise power. SNR is a dimensionless linear ratio.

SNR is commonly expressed in decibels as:

:&lt;math&gt;\mathrm{SNR}_{\mathrm{dB}}=10\log_{10}\left(\frac{P_s}{P_n}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

For signal and noise voltages measured across the same resistance, the equivalent voltage form is:

:&lt;math&gt;\mathrm{SNR}_{\mathrm{dB}}=20\log_{10}\left(\frac{V_s}{V_n}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

The voltage expression is valid when both voltages are defined consistently and see the same impedance. It should not be used directly when the signal and noise impedances differ.

A higher SNR generally means that the desired signal is stronger relative to the noise. However, the SNR required for reliable communication also depends on modulation, coding, receiver design, fading and the target error probability.

=== 5.1 Noise floor and thermal-noise reference ===

At a reference temperature of approximately 290 K, the thermal-noise power density is close to &lt;math&gt;-174\ \mathrm{dBm/Hz}&lt;/math&gt;. This is a widely used engineering reference for receiver calculations. Over a bandwidth &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt;, the ideal available thermal-noise power is:

:&lt;math&gt;P_{n,\mathrm{dBm}}\approx-174+10\log_{10}(B)&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is in hertz. This approximation is for a source near 290 K and assumes the relevant bandwidth convention is applied consistently. A receiver's actual input-referred noise floor is higher because practical components add noise; noise figure accounts for that degradation.

== 6. Noise figure and noise temperature ==

An amplifier or receiver adds noise to the signal it processes. The **noise factor** &lt;math&gt;F&lt;/math&gt; measures the degradation in SNR:

:&lt;math&gt;F=\frac{(S/N)_{\mathrm{in}}}{(S/N)_{\mathrm{out}}}&lt;/math&gt;

For a conventional linear receiver under standard noise-factor conditions, &lt;math&gt;F\geq1&lt;/math&gt;. The **noise figure** is the noise factor expressed in decibels:

:&lt;math&gt;NF=10\log_{10}(F)\ \mathrm{dB}&lt;/math&gt;

A lower noise figure indicates that the device degrades the input SNR less. An ideal noiseless device has &lt;math&gt;F=1&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;math&gt;NF=0\ \mathrm{dB}&lt;/math&gt;. Practical noise figure is defined using a standard source temperature, conventionally 290 K, and assumptions about the device's linear operation and input termination.&lt;ref name=&quot;ADI-NF&quot;&gt;Analog Devices, “System Noise-Figure Analysis for Modern Radio Receivers.” [https://www.analog.com/en/resources/technical-articles/system-noisefigure-analysis-for-modern-radio-receivers.html].&lt;/ref&gt;

=== 6.1 Noise temperature ===

A noise source or receiver can be described by an equivalent noise temperature. For a source with available white-noise power spectral density &lt;math&gt;N_0&lt;/math&gt; under the applicable one-sided convention:

:&lt;math&gt;N_0=kT_n&lt;/math&gt;

where &lt;math&gt;T_n&lt;/math&gt; is the equivalent noise temperature. Equivalent noise temperature is a way of expressing noise power; it does not necessarily mean that the physical device is actually at that temperature.

=== 6.2 Cascaded noise figure (Friis formula) ===

For several cascaded stages with power gains &lt;math&gt;G_1,G_2,\ldots&lt;/math&gt; and linear noise factors &lt;math&gt;F_1,F_2,\ldots&lt;/math&gt;, the overall noise factor is:

:&lt;math&gt;F_{\mathrm{total}}=F_1+\frac{F_2-1}{G_1}+\frac{F_3-1}{G_1G_2}+\cdots&lt;/math&gt;

The gains must be linear power gains, not values in decibels. The formula shows why the first stage of a receiver is especially important: a low-noise first amplifier with sufficient gain can reduce the contribution of later stages when referred to the input. The formula assumes the usual matched, linear cascade conditions.&lt;ref name=&quot;ADI-NF&quot; /&gt;

== 7. Effects of noise on communication systems ==

Noise affects different communication systems in different ways. The severity depends on noise power, occupied bandwidth, modulation, coding, channel conditions, receiver architecture and the decision method used by the receiver.

Important effects include:

* **Reduced SNR:** noise reduces the ratio of desired signal power to unwanted noise power.
* **Waveform uncertainty:** the received waveform differs from the transmitted waveform, making estimation and detection more difficult.
* **Increased error probability:** a receiver may make an incorrect amplitude, phase, frequency or symbol decision.
* **Higher bit-error rate (BER):** in digital communication, a larger proportion of detected bits may be incorrect.
* **Reduced analogue fidelity:** noise can introduce hiss, crackle, static or other unwanted components into audio and video.
* **Burst errors:** impulsive noise can corrupt several successive symbols or bits.
* **Reduced coverage or range:** a signal may become too weak relative to noise to be detected reliably at a greater distance.
* **Limited data rate:** for a bandwidth-limited channel with AWGN, channel capacity depends on both bandwidth and SNR.

Noise is not the only factor that limits communication. Fading, multipath propagation, attenuation, phase noise, nonlinearity and interference can also affect performance.

== 8. Noise in analogue and digital communication ==

=== 8.1 Analogue communication ===

In analogue communication, the receiver attempts to reproduce a continuously varying waveform. Noise is superimposed on the desired waveform and may be heard or observed directly.

For an amplitude-modulated or analogue audio signal, noise can appear as background hiss, crackling or static. It may reduce speech intelligibility and the fidelity of music. In analogue video, noise can appear as grain, speckles or visible disturbances. Filtering can reduce some unwanted frequency components, but it cannot always separate noise from the desired signal because they may occupy the same frequency range.

The effect of noise in analogue systems is often described through output SNR, noise level, or a signal-quality measure appropriate to the application.

=== 8.2 Digital communication ===

In digital communication, the receiver maps the noisy received waveform to one of a finite set of possible symbols. Noise may move the received sample away from its ideal constellation point. If it crosses a decision boundary, the receiver can select the wrong symbol.

[[File:4qam constellation noisy sigma01 color.png|thumb|An illustrative noisy QAM constellation. Noise spreads received samples around their ideal symbol locations; sufficiently large deviations can cross decision boundaries.]]

For a digital system, noise can cause:

* symbol errors, when the detected symbol differs from the transmitted symbol;
* bit errors, when one or more bits represented by a symbol are detected incorrectly;
* bursts of errors, especially when the disturbance is impulsive or the channel is fading.

The **bit-error rate (BER)** is commonly defined as:

:&lt;math&gt;\mathrm{BER}=\frac{\text{number of incorrectly received bits}}{\text{total number of received bits}}&lt;/math&gt;

The **symbol-error rate (SER)** is similarly the number of incorrectly detected symbols divided by the total number of detected symbols. BER and SER are related but are not generally identical. The relationship depends on the modulation's bit-to-symbol mapping and the type of symbol errors.

Performance is often expressed as BER versus &lt;math&gt;E_b/N_0&lt;/math&gt;, where &lt;math&gt;E_b&lt;/math&gt; is energy per information bit and &lt;math&gt;N_0&lt;/math&gt; is the relevant noise spectral-density parameter. This measure is particularly useful when comparing digital modulation and coding schemes.

=== 8.3 Relationship between bandwidth, SNR and channel capacity ===

For an ideal band-limited channel corrupted by additive white Gaussian noise, the Shannon-Hartley theorem gives the channel capacity:

:&lt;math&gt;C=B\log_2\left(1+\frac{S}{N}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

where:

* &lt;math&gt;C&lt;/math&gt; is channel capacity in bits per second;
* &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is channel bandwidth in hertz;
* &lt;math&gt;S&lt;/math&gt; is average received signal power;
* &lt;math&gt;N&lt;/math&gt; is average noise power over the same bandwidth.

The ratio &lt;math&gt;S/N&lt;/math&gt; must be linear, not in decibels. Capacity is a theoretical limit for the stated channel model, not a guaranteed data rate for an arbitrary practical system. Reliable communication at rates below capacity can be approached with suitable coding and sufficiently long codewords; rates above capacity cannot be made arbitrarily reliable under the model.&lt;ref name=&quot;ShannonHartley&quot;&gt;IEEE Technology Navigator, “Channel capacity,” overview of the Shannon channel-capacity concept and Shannon-Hartley relation. [https://technav.ieee.org/topic/channel-capacity/].&lt;/ref&gt;

== 9. Noise reduction techniques ==

Noise-control methods should be selected according to the source and the point at which the disturbance enters the system. A filter cannot remove noise that occupies exactly the same frequency and signal space as the desired information without also affecting that information.

=== 9.1 Shielding and grounding ===

Metal enclosures, screened cables and appropriate PCB layout can reduce unwanted electromagnetic coupling. A carefully designed grounding scheme helps avoid ground-loop currents and unwanted voltage differences. Shielding and grounding must be implemented correctly; incorrect connections can introduce additional coupling or safety problems.

=== 9.2 Filtering and bandwidth limitation ===

A filter can reject frequency components outside the useful signal band. Limiting the receiver bandwidth to the minimum needed for the signal can reduce integrated broadband noise. The filter must still preserve the required signal bandwidth and waveform to avoid inter-symbol interference or distortion.

[[File:Effect-of-bandwidth-on-selecting-noise.svg|thumb|Reducing the selected bandwidth reduces the amount of ideal white-noise power passed by the receiver. A practical filter has a gradual transition rather than a perfect rectangular response.]]

=== 9.3 Low-noise amplifier design ===

A low-noise amplifier (LNA) is commonly placed near the receiver input to amplify weak signals while adding as little noise as practicable. Important design considerations include the transistor's noise parameters, source impedance, operating current, gain, bandwidth, stability and impedance matching. A high gain alone does not guarantee low noise.

=== 9.4 Component selection and circuit layout ===

Use components with suitable noise specifications. Keep sensitive high-impedance nodes short, separate noisy switching circuits from low-level analogue circuits, use appropriate decoupling and avoid unnecessary bandwidth. The source impedance and amplifier input-current noise should be considered together.

=== 9.5 Temperature control ===

Cooling a resistive element can reduce its thermal-noise contribution because thermal-noise power is proportional to absolute temperature. Cooling is used in some sensitive instrumentation and radio astronomy systems, but it adds cost, complexity and power requirements and does not remove every other noise mechanism.

=== 9.6 Differential signalling and balanced transmission ===

Differential receivers respond to the voltage difference between two conductors. Noise coupled similarly into both conductors can be rejected as common-mode noise, provided the receiver has adequate common-mode rejection and the transmission path is balanced. Differential signalling is widely used in data links and instrumentation.

=== 9.7 Error detection and forward error correction ===

Digital systems can add structured redundancy to detect or correct errors. Error-detection codes such as cyclic redundancy checks can identify many corrupted blocks. Forward error-correction codes add redundancy so that a receiver can correct some errors without retransmission. Coding improves reliability at the cost of redundancy, processing complexity and usually some reduction in net data rate.

=== 9.8 Interleaving ===

Interleaving rearranges the order of transmitted symbols or bits so that a short burst of errors is spread across several codewords after deinterleaving. When combined with an error-correction code, this can make burst disturbances easier to correct. Interleaving does not remove the noise itself and introduces additional delay and memory requirements.

=== 9.9 Diversity and receiver processing ===

Diversity techniques use multiple antennas, paths, time slots or other independently affected observations to reduce the chance that all received copies are simultaneously poor. Suitable filtering, estimation, equalisation, synchronisation and detection algorithms can also improve receiver performance. Their effectiveness depends on the noise and channel model used.

No single method removes every form of noise. A practical design often combines circuit-level prevention, filtering, good receiver architecture and digital error-control techniques.

== 10. Worked examples ==

=== Example 1: Thermal-noise power in a receiver bandwidth ===

A receiver has a matched input at &lt;math&gt;T=290\ \mathrm{K}&lt;/math&gt; and a noise bandwidth of &lt;math&gt;B=1\ \mathrm{MHz}&lt;/math&gt;. Find the available thermal-noise power.

**Solution**

Use:

:&lt;math&gt;P_n=kTB&lt;/math&gt;

Substitute:

:&lt;math&gt;P_n=(1.380649\times10^{-23})(290)(1\times10^6)&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;P_n\approx4.00\times10^{-15}\ \mathrm{W}&lt;/math&gt;

To convert to dBm:

:&lt;math&gt;P_{n,\mathrm{dBm}}=10\log_{10}\left(\frac{4.00\times10^{-15}}{10^{-3}}\right)&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;P_{n,\mathrm{dBm}}\approx-114\ \mathrm{dBm}&lt;/math&gt;

**Answer:** The available thermal-noise power is approximately &lt;math&gt;4.00\times10^{-15}\ \mathrm{W}&lt;/math&gt;, or &lt;math&gt;-114\ \mathrm{dBm}&lt;/math&gt;.

=== Example 2: RMS thermal-noise voltage of a resistor ===

A resistor of &lt;math&gt;1\ \mathrm{k\Omega}&lt;/math&gt; is at &lt;math&gt;300\ \mathrm{K}&lt;/math&gt;. Find its open-circuit RMS thermal-noise voltage over a bandwidth of &lt;math&gt;20\ \mathrm{kHz}&lt;/math&gt;.

**Solution**

:&lt;math&gt;v_{n,\mathrm{rms}}=\sqrt{4kTRB}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;=\sqrt{4(1.380649\times10^{-23})(300)(1000)(20000)}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;v_{n,\mathrm{rms}}\approx5.76\times10^{-7}\ \mathrm{V}&lt;/math&gt;

**Answer:** Approximately &lt;math&gt;0.576\ \mu\mathrm{V\ RMS}&lt;/math&gt; open circuit.

=== Example 3: Shot-noise current ===

An ideal junction carries an average DC current of &lt;math&gt;100\ \mu\mathrm{A}&lt;/math&gt;. Calculate the RMS shot-noise current over a bandwidth of &lt;math&gt;10\ \mathrm{kHz}&lt;/math&gt;, using the ideal independent-carrier model.

**Solution**

:&lt;math&gt;i_{n,\mathrm{rms}}=\sqrt{2qI_{\mathrm{DC}}B}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;=\sqrt{2(1.602176634\times10^{-19})(100\times10^{-6})(10\times10^3)}&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;i_{n,\mathrm{rms}}\approx5.66\times10^{-10}\ \mathrm{A}&lt;/math&gt;

**Answer:** Approximately &lt;math&gt;0.566\ \mathrm{nA\ RMS}&lt;/math&gt;.

=== Example 4: SNR in decibels ===

A receiver measures signal power of &lt;math&gt;1\ \mathrm{mW}&lt;/math&gt; and noise power of &lt;math&gt;1\ \mu\mathrm{W}&lt;/math&gt; over the same bandwidth. Find the SNR.

**Solution**

:&lt;math&gt;\mathrm{SNR}=\frac{1\times10^{-3}}{1\times10^{-6}}=1000&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;\mathrm{SNR}_{\mathrm{dB}}=10\log_{10}(1000)=30\ \mathrm{dB}&lt;/math&gt;

**Answer:** The SNR is 1000 in linear form, or 30 dB.

=== Example 5: Noise figure from input and output SNR ===

A linear amplifier has an input SNR of 20 dB and an output SNR of 16 dB. Find its noise figure.

**Solution**

The noise figure in decibels is the input SNR in decibels minus the output SNR in decibels:

:&lt;math&gt;NF=20-16=4\ \mathrm{dB}&lt;/math&gt;

The corresponding linear noise factor is:

:&lt;math&gt;F=10^{NF/10}=10^{0.4}\approx2.51&lt;/math&gt;

**Answer:** Noise figure is 4 dB and noise factor is approximately 2.51.

=== Example 6: Ideal AWGN channel capacity ===

An ideal channel has bandwidth &lt;math&gt;B=1\ \mathrm{MHz}&lt;/math&gt; and an SNR of 20 dB. Estimate its Shannon capacity.

**Solution**

First convert SNR to a linear ratio:

:&lt;math&gt;\frac{S}{N}=10^{20/10}=100&lt;/math&gt;

Then:

:&lt;math&gt;C=B\log_2(1+S/N)&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;C=10^6\log_2(101)&lt;/math&gt;

:&lt;math&gt;C\approx6.66\times10^6\ \mathrm{bit/s}&lt;/math&gt;

**Answer:** The theoretical capacity is approximately 6.66 Mbit/s for the stated ideal AWGN model.

== 11. Comparison of noise types ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|+ Summary of common noise classifications
! Classification basis
! Type
! Main characteristic or source
! Typical concern
|-
| Source
| Atmospheric
| Lightning and atmospheric electrical discharges
| Radio disturbances, often impulsive
|-
| Source
| Extraterrestrial
| Solar and galactic radio emissions
| Additional received radio background
|-
| Source
| Man-made
| Motors, switching equipment, vehicles and electronic devices
| Conducted or radiated interference
|-
| Source
| Thermal
| Random thermal motion of charge carriers in resistance
| Fundamental broadband noise floor
|-
| Source
| Shot
| Random arrival of discrete charge carriers
| Current fluctuations in junctions and detectors
|-
| Source
| Flicker
| Device-dependent low-frequency processes
| Low-frequency noise increase
|-
| Source
| Partition
| Random division of carriers among paths
| Current fluctuations in individual paths
|-
| Source
| Transit-time
| Finite carrier transit time at high frequency
| High-frequency device limitations
|-
| Spectrum
| White
| Approximately constant PSD over a specified band
| Integrated noise grows with bandwidth
|-
| Spectrum
| Coloured
| PSD varies with frequency
| Unequal noise power across the spectrum
|-
| Statistics
| Gaussian
| Amplitude follows a Gaussian distribution
| Random detection and estimation errors
|-
| Statistics
| Impulsive
| Short-duration, often high-amplitude events
| Burst errors and transient disturbances
|}

== 12. Chapter summary ==

* Noise is an unwanted disturbance that affects the transmission, reception or processing of a desired signal.
* External noise includes atmospheric, extraterrestrial and man-made noise. Internal noise is generated within electronic devices and circuits.
* Thermal noise is caused by random thermal motion of charge carriers; the available matched-load power is &lt;math&gt;kTB&lt;/math&gt;.
* The open-circuit mean-square thermal-noise voltage of a resistor over bandwidth &lt;math&gt;B&lt;/math&gt; is &lt;math&gt;4kTRB&lt;/math&gt;.
* Shot noise results from the discrete and random arrival of charge carriers. Under the ideal independent-carrier model, its mean-square current is &lt;math&gt;2qI_{\mathrm{DC}}B&lt;/math&gt;.
* Flicker noise has a PSD that generally increases as frequency decreases and is often approximated by a &lt;math&gt;1/f^\alpha&lt;/math&gt; law.
* White noise has an approximately flat PSD; Gaussian noise has a Gaussian amplitude distribution. These are different properties.
* AWGN is an important analytical model combining additive, white and Gaussian assumptions.
* SNR compares signal power with noise power. Noise figure measures the SNR degradation introduced by a device.
* Noise can reduce analogue fidelity, increase digital BER and limit reliable data rate.
* Noise reduction can involve shielding, grounding, filtering, low-noise circuit design, differential signalling, coding, interleaving, diversity and receiver processing.

== 13. Review questions ==

# Define noise in a communication system. How is it different from distortion?
# Distinguish external noise from internal noise. Give two examples of each.
# Explain how lightning produces atmospheric noise and why its effect varies with frequency and environment.
# What is extraterrestrial noise? Distinguish solar noise from galactic noise.
# Explain thermal noise and state the factors on which its power depends.
# What physical property of electric current gives rise to shot noise?
# What is flicker noise? Why is it important in low-frequency circuits?
# Explain partition noise and transit-time noise.
# Define power spectral density. What does a flat PSD indicate?
# Explain why white noise and Gaussian noise are not interchangeable terms.
# What are the three assumptions represented by the term AWGN?
# Define SNR and noise figure. What does a smaller noise figure indicate?
# Why is the first amplifier stage important in a cascaded receiver?
# Describe two ways in which noise affects analogue communication and two ways in which it affects digital communication.
# Explain how interleaving can reduce the effect of burst errors when used with error-correction coding.
# State the Shannon-Hartley equation and explain the role of bandwidth and SNR.

== 14. Numerical practice ==

# A matched receiver input is at 300 K and has a noise bandwidth of 200 kHz. Calculate the available thermal-noise power.
# Calculate the open-circuit RMS thermal-noise voltage of a 10 kΩ resistor at 300 K over 5 kHz.
# An ideal junction carries 1 mA DC current. Find the RMS shot-noise current over 100 kHz.
# A signal power is 5 mW and noise power is 5 μW. Calculate the SNR in linear form and in dB.
# A receiver's input SNR is 18 dB and output SNR is 12 dB. Find its noise figure and linear noise factor.
# An ideal AWGN channel has bandwidth 500 kHz and SNR 15 dB. Estimate its Shannon capacity.

=== Answers ===

# &lt;math&gt;P_n=kTB=(1.380649\times10^{-23})(300)(200\times10^3)\approx8.28\times10^{-16}\ \mathrm{W}&lt;/math&gt;.
# &lt;math&gt;v_{n,\mathrm{rms}}=\sqrt{4kTRB}\approx9.10\times10^{-7}\ \mathrm{V}=0.910\ \mu\mathrm{V}&lt;/math&gt;.
# &lt;math&gt;i_{n,\mathrm{rms}}=\sqrt{2qIB}\approx5.66\times10^{-9}\ \mathrm{A}=5.66\ \mathrm{nA}&lt;/math&gt;.
# &lt;math&gt;\mathrm{SNR}=5\times10^{-3}/(5\times10^{-6})=1000&lt;/math&gt;; SNR = 30 dB.
# &lt;math&gt;NF=18-12=6\ \mathrm{dB}&lt;/math&gt;; &lt;math&gt;F=10^{0.6}\approx3.98&lt;/math&gt;.
# Linear SNR = &lt;math&gt;10^{15/10}\approx31.62&lt;/math&gt;; &lt;math&gt;C=500\times10^3\log_2(1+31.62)\approx2.52\times10^6\ \mathrm{bit/s}&lt;/math&gt;, or approximately 2.51 Mbit/s.

== 15. Glossary ==

;Additive noise: Noise that is represented as a term added to the desired signal.
;Atmospheric noise: Radio noise produced by natural electrical disturbances in the atmosphere, especially lightning.
;AWGN: Additive white Gaussian noise; a common idealised channel-noise model.
;Bandwidth: The frequency range occupied by a signal or passed by a system, according to a stated definition.
;Bit-error rate (BER): The fraction of received bits that are incorrect.
;Coloured noise: Noise whose power spectral density varies with frequency.
;Extraterrestrial noise: Radio noise originating from the Sun and other celestial sources.
;Flicker noise: Low-frequency noise whose PSD is often approximated as inversely proportional to frequency.
;Gaussian noise: Noise with a Gaussian amplitude probability distribution.
;Interference: An unwanted signal or emission that affects reception.
;Noise figure: The degradation in SNR introduced by a device, expressed in decibels.
;Noise factor: The ratio of input SNR to output SNR under defined conditions.
;Noise power spectral density: The distribution of noise power per unit frequency.
;Noise temperature: An equivalent temperature used to express noise power.
;Shot noise: Current noise associated with the discrete, random arrival of charge carriers.
;Signal-to-noise ratio: The ratio of desired signal power to noise power over a specified bandwidth.
;Thermal noise: Noise associated with the random thermal motion of charge carriers in resistive elements.
;White noise: An idealised noise process with constant PSD over the frequency range considered.

== Further reading ==

* S. V. Vaseghi, ''Advanced Digital Signal Processing and Noise Reduction'', Wiley. The chapter “Noise and Distortion” introduces white, coloured, impulsive, thermal and shot noise, and noise modelling.
* J. G. Proakis and M. Salehi, ''Communication Systems Engineering'', 2nd ed., Prentice Hall, 2002.
* Tektronix/Keithley, ''Low Level Measurements Handbook'', 7th ed., for resistor thermal noise and low-level measurement practice.
* NASA Radio JOVE, educational material on galactic background radio emissions.
* Analog Devices technical articles on low-noise amplifier selection and receiver noise figure.

== References ==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>c2nahq4slvsbtg4zryaqzn5xr5t0dsx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Raggghhh/Drone-to-Drone Communication Networks</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486662</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679172</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:34:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Raggghhh</username>
        <id>3626624</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>i am working on this . this is for my ca</comment>
      <origin>4679172</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" sha1="klt91lrqp1hfcetskb7uqt24863smge" xml:space="preserve">Drone-to-Drone Communication Networks</text>
      <sha1>klt91lrqp1hfcetskb7uqt24863smge</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:PushpenderSingh369/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486663</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679173</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:37:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>PushpenderSingh369</username>
        <id>3629895</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Bifrost  In the MCU, the Bifrost is an interstellar transportation system associated with Asgard. It can move people and objects between distant locations, including different realms.  In the original Asgardian setup, it is associated with three major elements:  * Heimdall: can perceive people and events across the Nine Realms and identify destinations. * The Bifrost mechanism: channels the energy used to establish the transport. * The destination: the system delivers th...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679173</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="927" sha1="m0ehn3bmu2hhjwikn66n27fsixdm081" xml:space="preserve">Bifrost

In the MCU, the Bifrost is an interstellar transportation system associated with Asgard. It can move people and objects between distant locations, including different realms.

In the original Asgardian setup, it is associated with three major elements:

* Heimdall: can perceive people and events across the Nine Realms and identify destinations.
* The Bifrost mechanism: channels the energy used to establish the transport.
* The destination: the system delivers the traveler to the selected location.

The key distinction is that Heimdall's ability to see a destination and the Bifrost's ability to transport someone there are two different functions.

Think of it like a robotic system: the perception module identifies a target, the controller calculates the desired destination, and the actuator executes the movement.

That is an analogy, of course, not a confirmed technical description of Asgardian technology.</text>
      <sha1>m0ehn3bmu2hhjwikn66n27fsixdm081</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679176</id>
      <parentid>4679173</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:39:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>PushpenderSingh369</username>
        <id>3629895</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679176</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="933" sha1="2lwjv7talh1uzuq1suhgz12v9k1q244" xml:space="preserve">'''Bifrost'''

In the MCU, the Bifrost is an interstellar transportation system associated with Asgard. It can move people and objects between distant locations, including different realms.

In the original Asgardian setup, it is associated with three major elements:

* Heimdall: can perceive people and events across the Nine Realms and identify destinations.
* The Bifrost mechanism: channels the energy used to establish the transport.
* The destination: the system delivers the traveler to the selected location.

The key distinction is that Heimdall's ability to see a destination and the Bifrost's ability to transport someone there are two different functions.

Think of it like a robotic system: the perception module identifies a target, the controller calculates the desired destination, and the actuator executes the movement.

That is an analogy, of course, not a confirmed technical description of Asgardian technology.</text>
      <sha1>2lwjv7talh1uzuq1suhgz12v9k1q244</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Chaitu1706/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486664</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679185</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T05:58:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Chaitu1706</username>
        <id>3629925</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Industrial internet of things&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679185</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29" sha1="2tp06nnl6p4vqzt8vpczwg3zhww2wez" xml:space="preserve">Industrial internet of things</text>
      <sha1>2tp06nnl6p4vqzt8vpczwg3zhww2wez</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Indra8919/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486665</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679188</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:07:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Indra8919</username>
        <id>3629877</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>about semiconductors</comment>
      <origin>4679188</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1712" sha1="crqw3hj7bp0nq17lorrem7yztohr78j" xml:space="preserve">'''India's Semiconductor Industry: Growth, Government Plans and Opportunities in VLSI'''

'''1. Introduction to Semiconductors'''

Semiconductors are one of the important parts of modern electronics. We use them in devices in our daily lives, such as mobile phones, laptops, televisions, cars and communication equipment. Most of these devices contain semiconductor chips that help them process information and perform operations.

A semiconductor is a material whose electrical conductivity lies between that of a conductor and an insulator. The interesting thing about these materials is that their ability to conduct electricity can be controlled. Because of this property they are used to develop components such as diodes, transistors and integrated circuits.

Silicon is the commonly used material in the semiconductor industry. It is widely used because of its electrical properties and availability. Other materials, such as germanium and gallium arsenide are also used for electronic applications.

As electronic devices become smaller and more powerful the demand for semiconductor chips is increasing. These chips are used in areas such as intelligence, 5G communication, automobiles, medical equipment and industrial automation.

India is also taking steps to develop its semiconductor industry through investments in chip manufacturing, research and design. Along with manufacturing VLSI ( Large Scale Integration) is an important area because it deals with designing complex electronic circuits containing millions or billions of transistors.

This chapter discusses the basics of semiconductor technology the development of the semiconductor industry in India and the role of VLSI, in electronics.</text>
      <sha1>crqw3hj7bp0nq17lorrem7yztohr78j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. Nc3/1...c6/2.b3</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486666</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679189</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:26:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>~2026-47231-00</username>
        <id>3624794</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>1. Nc6 c6 2. b3</comment>
      <origin>4679189</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="82" sha1="lwkuzr4rvty3js9n9pxcimz97mx4sd6" xml:space="preserve">Now White wants to fianctettoing the bishop. Black's best option is '''2... d5
'''</text>
      <sha1>lwkuzr4rvty3js9n9pxcimz97mx4sd6</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679207</id>
      <parentid>4679189</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:46:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Added {{[[Template:BookCat|BookCat]]}} using [[User:1234qwer1234qwer4/BookCat.js|BookCat.js]]</comment>
      <origin>4679207</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="95" sha1="powg8sv990ge54fdqq9pjgn6a9qpkr1" xml:space="preserve">Now White wants to fianctettoing the bishop. Black's best option is '''2... d5
'''

{{BookCat}}</text>
      <sha1>powg8sv990ge54fdqq9pjgn6a9qpkr1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Kushishah/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486667</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679190</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:26:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kushishah</username>
        <id>3629929</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;=== Introduction === &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Pulse-width modulation&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; (&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;PWM&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;) is a technique used to control the average power supplied to an electrical device. It works by switching a signal between ON and OFF states and varying how long it stays ON during each cycle.PWM is commonly used in motor control, LED brightness control, power converters and embedded systems.  === Principle of operation === In PWM, a signal swi...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679190</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7147" sha1="04cr5am4e1fxfqxx9xg1hgsxacg1pyi" xml:space="preserve">=== Introduction ===
&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Pulse-width modulation&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; (&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;PWM&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;) is a technique used to control the average power supplied to an electrical device. It works by switching a signal between ON and OFF states and varying how long it stays ON during each cycle.PWM is commonly used in motor control, LED brightness control, power converters and embedded systems.

=== Principle of operation ===
In PWM, a signal switches between two voltage levels. The time spent in the ON state determines the duty cycle, which affects the average power delivered to the load.

==== Duty cycle ====
The duty cycle represents the percentage of one complete period during which the signal remains ON.

=== Duty cycle ===
The duty cycle represents the percentage of one complete period during which the signal remains ON.

[[File:PWM duty cycle formula.png|center|300px|Duty cycle formula: D = (T_ON / T) × 100%]]

Where:
* ''T''&lt;sub&gt;ON&lt;/sub&gt; is the ON time.
* ''T'' is the total time period.
* ''D'' is the duty cycle.

A higher duty cycle generally results in greater average power, while a lower duty cycle reduces it.

==== Frequency ====
The frequency of a PWM signal is the number of cycles produced in one second. It is measured in hertz (Hz).

&lt;nowiki&gt;:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;math&gt;f = \frac{1}{T}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;

==== Applications ====
PWM is used in several areas of modern technology:

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Automotive systems:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Motor speed control, cooling fans and LED lighting.    

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Robotics and automation:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Servo motors and robotic actuators.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Renewable energy:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Solar inverters and power converters.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Consumer electronics:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; LED dimming and fan speed control.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Industrial applications:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Motor drives and switching power supplies.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Communication systems:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Pulse modulation and signal generation.

==== Advantages ====
&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Efficient power control.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Simple implementation in digital systems.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Suitable for a wide range of applications.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Reduced power loss in switching circuits.

==== Limitations ====
&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Switching may produce electromagnetic interference.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Output ripple may require filtering.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Switching losses can increase at higher frequencies.

==== Principle of Operation ====
Pulse Width Modulation is a method of controlling the ON time of a periodic pulse. The ON/OFF signal will contain two voltages; one high and one low. The relationship between these ON periods is known as Duty Cycle and the time between pulses is known as Period.

By increasing the duty cycle more time will be devoted to the ON period, whereas a decrease in duty cycle results in less ON periods. This will affect the average voltage and power supplied to the load.

If the signal varies between 0 and the supply voltage then:

V avg = D V supply

''Where D is the duty cycle (in decimals)''

===== Types of Pulse Width Modulation =====
There are several ways to produce a PWM signal.

====== Single Pulse Width Modulation ======
This method only produces one pulse within the cycle, varying the pulse width to change the output voltage. This is a simple method, however it can cause more harmonic distortions.

====== Multiple Pulse Width Modulation ======
Several pulses are generated within the cycle. Varying the pulse widths can eliminate certain harmonics.

====== Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation ======
Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) is a common method of Pulse Width Modulation used within power electronics. A sinusoidal signal is compared to a high frequency carrier signal (Triangular/Sawtooth Wave). This will produce pulses with varying widths.This method can be used within inverters to produce an AC signal from a DC supply.

====== Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation ======
Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) is a method of Pulse Width Modulation used within 3-phase power converters. This method looks at representing the desired output voltage using the available switching states. This can be more efficient in using the DC supply voltage than traditional Sinusoidal PWM.

Generation Methods

PWM can be generated using either analogue or digital methods.

Analogue PWM

A common method is to compare a reference signal with a triangular/sawtooth wave. This will produce a pulse signal using a comparator. The signal will switch depending on which input has the highest voltage.

Digital PWM

Digital PWM can be generated using digital circuits, timers or counters. The duty cycle can be altered by simply changing the digital value. Many microcontrollers have a special PWM peripheral so that the frequency and duty cycle can be adjusted in software.

Applications

PWM can be used in many electrical and electronic systems.

Automotive

PWM can be used in automotive systems such as cooling fans, LED lights, electric motors and other electronics systems. In electric vehicles PWM based power converters can help control the electrical energy sent to the motor.

Robotics

PWM can be used in robotic systems to control servos, actuators and DC motors.

Renewable Energy

PWM can be used in solar systems, battery chargers and power converters. In photovoltaic systems PWM converters can be used to control the voltage and current sent to the battery or load.

Consumer Electronics

PWM can be used to control how bright LED’s and cooling fans are. It can also be used in power electronics to control the power. It can also be used in audio amplifiers (Class-D). Using switching signals to produce the audio.

Industrial

PWM can be used within motor drives to control the speed and torque of electric motors. It can also be used in switching power supplies, voltage controllers and inverters.

Communication

PWM can be used to send information. The pulse widths can be varied depending on what the message is. The information can be extracted at the reciever by measuring the pulse lengths.

==== Conclusion ====
Overall Pulse Width Modulation is an important technique used in modern electronic systems. This technique can control the duty cycle of a periodic signal. This provides an easy and efficient method to control power and send information. PWM can be used in many applications including motor drives, power converters and lighting systems. It is an important part of modern electronics.

==== References ====
[Pulse-Width Modulation - Wikipedia](&lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-width_modulation&lt;/nowiki&gt;)

[IEEE Technology Navigator - Pulse-width Modulation - Technav.ieee.org](&lt;nowiki&gt;https://technav.ieee.org/topic/pulse-width-modulation&lt;/nowiki&gt;)

&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Modulation]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Power Electronics]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Digital Electronics]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>04cr5am4e1fxfqxx9xg1hgsxacg1pyi</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679212</id>
      <parentid>4679190</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:51:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Marking for speedy deletion: Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]</comment>
      <origin>4679212</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7244" sha1="cbdodb2ughgg0zw2h6v40yi0oqv4nah" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
=== Introduction ===
&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Pulse-width modulation&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; (&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;PWM&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;) is a technique used to control the average power supplied to an electrical device. It works by switching a signal between ON and OFF states and varying how long it stays ON during each cycle.PWM is commonly used in motor control, LED brightness control, power converters and embedded systems.

=== Principle of operation ===
In PWM, a signal switches between two voltage levels. The time spent in the ON state determines the duty cycle, which affects the average power delivered to the load.

==== Duty cycle ====
The duty cycle represents the percentage of one complete period during which the signal remains ON.

=== Duty cycle ===
The duty cycle represents the percentage of one complete period during which the signal remains ON.

[[File:PWM duty cycle formula.png|center|300px|Duty cycle formula: D = (T_ON / T) × 100%]]

Where:
* ''T''&lt;sub&gt;ON&lt;/sub&gt; is the ON time.
* ''T'' is the total time period.
* ''D'' is the duty cycle.

A higher duty cycle generally results in greater average power, while a lower duty cycle reduces it.

==== Frequency ====
The frequency of a PWM signal is the number of cycles produced in one second. It is measured in hertz (Hz).

&lt;nowiki&gt;:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;math&gt;f = \frac{1}{T}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;

==== Applications ====
PWM is used in several areas of modern technology:

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Automotive systems:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Motor speed control, cooling fans and LED lighting.    

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Robotics and automation:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Servo motors and robotic actuators.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Renewable energy:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Solar inverters and power converters.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Consumer electronics:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; LED dimming and fan speed control.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Industrial applications:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Motor drives and switching power supplies.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Communication systems:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Pulse modulation and signal generation.

==== Advantages ====
&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Efficient power control.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Simple implementation in digital systems.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Suitable for a wide range of applications.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Reduced power loss in switching circuits.

==== Limitations ====
&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Switching may produce electromagnetic interference.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Output ripple may require filtering.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Switching losses can increase at higher frequencies.

==== Principle of Operation ====
Pulse Width Modulation is a method of controlling the ON time of a periodic pulse. The ON/OFF signal will contain two voltages; one high and one low. The relationship between these ON periods is known as Duty Cycle and the time between pulses is known as Period.

By increasing the duty cycle more time will be devoted to the ON period, whereas a decrease in duty cycle results in less ON periods. This will affect the average voltage and power supplied to the load.

If the signal varies between 0 and the supply voltage then:

V avg = D V supply

''Where D is the duty cycle (in decimals)''

===== Types of Pulse Width Modulation =====
There are several ways to produce a PWM signal.

====== Single Pulse Width Modulation ======
This method only produces one pulse within the cycle, varying the pulse width to change the output voltage. This is a simple method, however it can cause more harmonic distortions.

====== Multiple Pulse Width Modulation ======
Several pulses are generated within the cycle. Varying the pulse widths can eliminate certain harmonics.

====== Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation ======
Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) is a common method of Pulse Width Modulation used within power electronics. A sinusoidal signal is compared to a high frequency carrier signal (Triangular/Sawtooth Wave). This will produce pulses with varying widths.This method can be used within inverters to produce an AC signal from a DC supply.

====== Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation ======
Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) is a method of Pulse Width Modulation used within 3-phase power converters. This method looks at representing the desired output voltage using the available switching states. This can be more efficient in using the DC supply voltage than traditional Sinusoidal PWM.

Generation Methods

PWM can be generated using either analogue or digital methods.

Analogue PWM

A common method is to compare a reference signal with a triangular/sawtooth wave. This will produce a pulse signal using a comparator. The signal will switch depending on which input has the highest voltage.

Digital PWM

Digital PWM can be generated using digital circuits, timers or counters. The duty cycle can be altered by simply changing the digital value. Many microcontrollers have a special PWM peripheral so that the frequency and duty cycle can be adjusted in software.

Applications

PWM can be used in many electrical and electronic systems.

Automotive

PWM can be used in automotive systems such as cooling fans, LED lights, electric motors and other electronics systems. In electric vehicles PWM based power converters can help control the electrical energy sent to the motor.

Robotics

PWM can be used in robotic systems to control servos, actuators and DC motors.

Renewable Energy

PWM can be used in solar systems, battery chargers and power converters. In photovoltaic systems PWM converters can be used to control the voltage and current sent to the battery or load.

Consumer Electronics

PWM can be used to control how bright LED’s and cooling fans are. It can also be used in power electronics to control the power. It can also be used in audio amplifiers (Class-D). Using switching signals to produce the audio.

Industrial

PWM can be used within motor drives to control the speed and torque of electric motors. It can also be used in switching power supplies, voltage controllers and inverters.

Communication

PWM can be used to send information. The pulse widths can be varied depending on what the message is. The information can be extracted at the reciever by measuring the pulse lengths.

==== Conclusion ====
Overall Pulse Width Modulation is an important technique used in modern electronic systems. This technique can control the duty cycle of a periodic signal. This provides an easy and efficient method to control power and send information. PWM can be used in many applications including motor drives, power converters and lighting systems. It is an important part of modern electronics.

==== References ====
[Pulse-Width Modulation - Wikipedia](&lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-width_modulation&lt;/nowiki&gt;)

[IEEE Technology Navigator - Pulse-width Modulation - Technav.ieee.org](&lt;nowiki&gt;https://technav.ieee.org/topic/pulse-width-modulation&lt;/nowiki&gt;)

&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Modulation]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Power Electronics]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Digital Electronics]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>cbdodb2ughgg0zw2h6v40yi0oqv4nah</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679224</id>
      <parentid>4679212</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:56:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kushishah</username>
        <id>3629929</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Applications */</comment>
      <origin>4679224</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7526" sha1="qik639iyt5hizezq6iux2kqvdflqldr" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

=== Introduction ===
&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Pulse-width modulation&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; (&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;PWM&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;) is a technique used to control the average power supplied to an electrical device. It works by switching a signal between ON and OFF states and varying how long it stays ON during each cycle.PWM is commonly used in motor control, LED brightness control, power converters and embedded systems.

=== Principle of operation ===
In PWM, a signal switches between two voltage levels. The time spent in the ON state determines the duty cycle, which affects the average power delivered to the load.

==== Duty cycle ====
The duty cycle represents the percentage of one complete period during which the signal remains ON.

=== Duty cycle ===
The duty cycle represents the percentage of one complete period during which the signal remains ON.

[[File:PWM duty cycle formula.png|center|300px|Duty cycle formula: D = (T_ON / T) × 100%]]

Where:
* ''T''&lt;sub&gt;ON&lt;/sub&gt; is the ON time.
* ''T'' is the total time period.
* ''D'' is the duty cycle.

A higher duty cycle generally results in greater average power, while a lower duty cycle reduces it.

==== Frequency ====
The frequency of a PWM signal is the number of cycles produced in one second. It is measured in hertz (Hz).

&lt;nowiki&gt;:&lt;/nowiki&gt;&lt;nowiki&gt;&lt;math&gt;f = \frac{1}{T}&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/nowiki&gt;

==== Applications ====
PWM is used in several areas of modern technology:

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Automotive systems:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Motor speed control, cooling fans and LED lighting.          

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Robotics and automation:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Servo motors and robotic actuators.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Renewable energy:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Solar inverters and power converters.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Consumer electronics:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; LED dimming and fan speed control.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Industrial applications:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Motor drives and switching power supplies.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; &lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt;Communication systems:&lt;nowiki&gt;'''&lt;/nowiki&gt; Pulse modulation and signal generation.

[[File:PWM_applications_diagram.png|center|thumb|500x500px|Applications of pulse-width modulation (PWM) in modern technology, including automotive systems, robotics and automation, renewable energy, consumer electronics, industrial applications and communication systems.]]

==== Advantages ====
&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Efficient power control.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Simple implementation in digital systems.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Suitable for a wide range of applications.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Reduced power loss in switching circuits.

==== Limitations ====
&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Switching may produce electromagnetic interference.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Output ripple may require filtering.

&lt;nowiki&gt;*&lt;/nowiki&gt; Switching losses can increase at higher frequencies.

==== Principle of Operation ====
Pulse Width Modulation is a method of controlling the ON time of a periodic pulse. The ON/OFF signal will contain two voltages; one high and one low. The relationship between these ON periods is known as Duty Cycle and the time between pulses is known as Period.

By increasing the duty cycle more time will be devoted to the ON period, whereas a decrease in duty cycle results in less ON periods. This will affect the average voltage and power supplied to the load.

If the signal varies between 0 and the supply voltage then:

V avg = D V supply

''Where D is the duty cycle (in decimals)''

===== Types of Pulse Width Modulation =====
There are several ways to produce a PWM signal.

====== Single Pulse Width Modulation ======
This method only produces one pulse within the cycle, varying the pulse width to change the output voltage. This is a simple method, however it can cause more harmonic distortions.

====== Multiple Pulse Width Modulation ======
Several pulses are generated within the cycle. Varying the pulse widths can eliminate certain harmonics.

====== Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation ======
Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) is a common method of Pulse Width Modulation used within power electronics. A sinusoidal signal is compared to a high frequency carrier signal (Triangular/Sawtooth Wave). This will produce pulses with varying widths.This method can be used within inverters to produce an AC signal from a DC supply.

====== Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation ======
Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) is a method of Pulse Width Modulation used within 3-phase power converters. This method looks at representing the desired output voltage using the available switching states. This can be more efficient in using the DC supply voltage than traditional Sinusoidal PWM.

Generation Methods

PWM can be generated using either analogue or digital methods.

Analogue PWM

A common method is to compare a reference signal with a triangular/sawtooth wave. This will produce a pulse signal using a comparator. The signal will switch depending on which input has the highest voltage.

Digital PWM

Digital PWM can be generated using digital circuits, timers or counters. The duty cycle can be altered by simply changing the digital value. Many microcontrollers have a special PWM peripheral so that the frequency and duty cycle can be adjusted in software.

Applications

PWM can be used in many electrical and electronic systems.

Automotive

PWM can be used in automotive systems such as cooling fans, LED lights, electric motors and other electronics systems. In electric vehicles PWM based power converters can help control the electrical energy sent to the motor.

Robotics

PWM can be used in robotic systems to control servos, actuators and DC motors.

Renewable Energy

PWM can be used in solar systems, battery chargers and power converters. In photovoltaic systems PWM converters can be used to control the voltage and current sent to the battery or load.

Consumer Electronics

PWM can be used to control how bright LED’s and cooling fans are. It can also be used in power electronics to control the power. It can also be used in audio amplifiers (Class-D). Using switching signals to produce the audio.

Industrial

PWM can be used within motor drives to control the speed and torque of electric motors. It can also be used in switching power supplies, voltage controllers and inverters.

Communication

PWM can be used to send information. The pulse widths can be varied depending on what the message is. The information can be extracted at the reciever by measuring the pulse lengths.

==== Conclusion ====
Overall Pulse Width Modulation is an important technique used in modern electronic systems. This technique can control the duty cycle of a periodic signal. This provides an easy and efficient method to control power and send information. PWM can be used in many applications including motor drives, power converters and lighting systems. It is an important part of modern electronics.

==== References ====
[Pulse-Width Modulation - Wikipedia](&lt;nowiki&gt;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulse-width_modulation&lt;/nowiki&gt;)

[IEEE Technology Navigator - Pulse-width Modulation - Technav.ieee.org](&lt;nowiki&gt;https://technav.ieee.org/topic/pulse-width-modulation&lt;/nowiki&gt;)

&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Modulation]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Power Electronics]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;[[Category:Digital Electronics]]&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>qik639iyt5hizezq6iux2kqvdflqldr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:IntellectNova/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486668</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679191</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:27:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =  '''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.  The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the develop...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679191</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4406" sha1="9omxf0fki92lq2xdjkarycvtss775ai" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath, near Varanasi, is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.
'''Spiritual traditions:''' Daily prayers, temple rituals, and Ganga Aarti are important parts of city life.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>9omxf0fki92lq2xdjkarycvtss775ai</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679192</id>
      <parentid>4679191</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:36:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Dashashwamedh Ghat */</comment>
      <origin>4679192</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4456" sha1="qwy9b01fywiacshtgw1omf98bsk8pwm" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath, near Varanasi, is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.
'''Spiritual traditions:''' Daily prayers, temple rituals, and Ganga Aarti are important parts of city life.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

[[File:Ganga Aarti.jpg|Ganga_Aarti_in_Varanasi]]

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>qwy9b01fywiacshtgw1omf98bsk8pwm</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679193</id>
      <parentid>4679192</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:37:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Dashashwamedh Ghat */</comment>
      <origin>4679193</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4468" sha1="i7ld2prjgovtp14djm5uj99h08etpym" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath, near Varanasi, is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.
'''Spiritual traditions:''' Daily prayers, temple rituals, and Ganga Aarti are important parts of city life.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

[[File:Ganga Aarti in Varanasi.jpg|Ganga_Aarti_in_Varanasi]]

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>i7ld2prjgovtp14djm5uj99h08etpym</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679194</id>
      <parentid>4679193</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:38:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Dashashwamedh Ghat */</comment>
      <origin>4679194</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4406" sha1="9omxf0fki92lq2xdjkarycvtss775ai" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath, near Varanasi, is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.
'''Spiritual traditions:''' Daily prayers, temple rituals, and Ganga Aarti are important parts of city life.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>9omxf0fki92lq2xdjkarycvtss775ai</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679195</id>
      <parentid>4679194</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:40:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 1. History of Varanasi */</comment>
      <origin>4679195</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4474" sha1="71kg9tpe5znbqrk9r3f5gc5p74shtkd" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

[[File:Varanasi 2010 Munshi Ghat2.jpg|Varanasi_2010_Munshi_Ghat2]]

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath, near Varanasi, is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.
'''Spiritual traditions:''' Daily prayers, temple rituals, and Ganga Aarti are important parts of city life.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>71kg9tpe5znbqrk9r3f5gc5p74shtkd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679196</id>
      <parentid>4679195</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:41:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 2. Cultural and Religious Importance */</comment>
      <origin>4679196</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4476" sha1="tg1b2qmf0111brs7y3s7wre9e5gycba" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

[[File:Varanasi 2010 Munshi Ghat2.jpg|Varanasi_2010_Munshi_Ghat2]]

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath, near Varanasi, is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.

'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.

'''Spiritual traditions:''' Daily prayers, temple rituals, and Ganga Aarti are important parts of city life.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>tg1b2qmf0111brs7y3s7wre9e5gycba</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679197</id>
      <parentid>4679196</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:42:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 2. Cultural and Religious Importance */</comment>
      <origin>4679197</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4474" sha1="71kg9tpe5znbqrk9r3f5gc5p74shtkd" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

[[File:Varanasi 2010 Munshi Ghat2.jpg|Varanasi_2010_Munshi_Ghat2]]

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath, near Varanasi, is an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.
'''Spiritual traditions:''' Daily prayers, temple rituals, and Ganga Aarti are important parts of city life.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>71kg9tpe5znbqrk9r3f5gc5p74shtkd</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679198</id>
      <parentid>4679197</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:45:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 2. Cultural and Religious Importance */</comment>
      <origin>4679198</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4420" sha1="dq6sien157m7z7yyb1zdov3nwqemqad" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

[[File:Varanasi 2010 Munshi Ghat2.jpg|Varanasi_2010_Munshi_Ghat2]]

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath is famous place in Varanasi and an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.                                          
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>dq6sien157m7z7yyb1zdov3nwqemqad</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679199</id>
      <parentid>4679198</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:45:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 2. Cultural and Religious Importance */</comment>
      <origin>4679199</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4421" sha1="au30unfdwu29qjorg0ngc08tyj81iy4" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

[[File:Varanasi 2010 Munshi Ghat2.jpg|Varanasi_2010_Munshi_Ghat2]]

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath is famous place in Varanasi and an important Buddhist pilgrimage  site.                                          
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>au30unfdwu29qjorg0ngc08tyj81iy4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679200</id>
      <parentid>4679199</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:48:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 2. Cultural and Religious Importance */</comment>
      <origin>4679200</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4433" sha1="fmthez8q6i4alcjvmcjb7s8oc0hsh2o" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

[[File:Varanasi 2010 Munshi Ghat2.jpg|Varanasi_2010_Munshi_Ghat2]]

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath is famous place in Varanasi and an important Buddhist pilgrimage site for buddhism.                                          
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>fmthez8q6i4alcjvmcjb7s8oc0hsh2o</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679201</id>
      <parentid>4679200</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:49:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 2. Cultural and Religious Importance */</comment>
      <origin>4679201</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4422" sha1="mlx4c7kanrwvhk0k78ytx1vg0vjes0v" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

[[File:Varanasi 2010 Munshi Ghat2.jpg|Varanasi_2010_Munshi_Ghat2]]

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath is a famous place in Varanasi and an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.                                          
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>mlx4c7kanrwvhk0k78ytx1vg0vjes0v</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679211</id>
      <parentid>4679201</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:51:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Marking for speedy deletion: Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]</comment>
      <origin>4679211</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4519" sha1="ehgff8pl8hth9p2lg645kwl7p1fod0k" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

[[File:Varanasi 2010 Munshi Ghat2.jpg|Varanasi_2010_Munshi_Ghat2]]

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath is a famous place in Varanasi and an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.                                          
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>ehgff8pl8hth9p2lg645kwl7p1fod0k</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679217</id>
      <parentid>4679211</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:17:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679217</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4535" sha1="95n8s0716pifnrubayef6qq5s7yo05v" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;

= Understanding Varanasi: History, Culture and Heritage =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

[[File:Varanasi 2010 Munshi Ghat2.jpg|Varanasi_2010_Munshi_Ghat2]]

== 2. Cultural and Religious Importance ==

Varanasi is particularly famous for its religious and cultural traditions.

'''Hinduism:''' The city is considered one of the most sacred pilgrimage destinations in Hinduism.
'''Buddhism:''' Sarnath is a famous place in Varanasi and an important Buddhist pilgrimage site.                                          
'''Festivals:''' Dev Deepawali, Mahashivratri, Holi, and Ganga Mahotsav are celebrated with enthusiasm.

== 3. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, it is one of the twelve traditional Jyotirlingas of Hinduism.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 7. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: IntellectNova'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>95n8s0716pifnrubayef6qq5s7yo05v</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679221</id>
      <parentid>4679217</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:40:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>IntellectNova</username>
        <id>3629933</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Replaced content with &quot;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679221</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="96" sha1="t9ozag2gk9wfq3kvgbtsrypjog28mu1" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>t9ozag2gk9wfq3kvgbtsrypjog28mu1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Blw15/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486669</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679202</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T06:58:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Blw15</username>
        <id>3629928</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =  '''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.  The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the develop...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679202</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4762" sha1="9zvwyd5mm7nx04yo738ztnzi3hwxgeg" xml:space="preserve">= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

== 2. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. It is dedicated to Lord Shiva and attracts many visitors every year.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 3. Art, Music and Literature ==

Varanasi has made significant contributions to Indian classical music, literature, and traditional arts.

It is associated with the famous Banaras Gharana of Hindustani classical music.
Banarasi silk sarees are internationally recognised for their intricate designs and craftsmanship.
The city has a rich tradition of Sanskrit scholarship and literary studies.
Classical dance, folk music, and traditional performances are important parts of its cultural identity.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 6. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== 7. Varanasi in Modern India ==

Today, Varanasi is an important centre of tourism, education, culture, and religious activities.

The city attracts visitors, scholars, historians, pilgrims, and artists from India and around the world.

Its riverfront, temples, historical monuments, traditional crafts, and educational institutions continue to preserve and develop its cultural identity.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: GK Blw15'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>9zvwyd5mm7nx04yo738ztnzi3hwxgeg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679210</id>
      <parentid>4679202</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:50:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Marking for speedy deletion: Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]</comment>
      <origin>4679210</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4859" sha1="jo751x01fci1i9lkug71kql0m2nh2xe" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
= Varanasi – The Eternal City of India =

'''Varanasi''', also known as '''Banaras''' or '''Kashi''', is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world. Located on the western bank of the River Ganga in Uttar Pradesh, India, Varanasi is famous for its ancient history, spiritual traditions, temples, music, literature, education, and cultural heritage.

The city is an important centre of Hindu pilgrimage and has also played a significant role in the development of Indian philosophy, arts, and education.

== 1. History of Varanasi ==

Varanasi has a history extending back thousands of years. It is traditionally associated with ancient Indian civilization and is mentioned in several historical and religious texts.

The city is closely connected with the ancient kingdom of Kashi, one of the important kingdoms of ancient India.

Over the centuries, Varanasi became a centre of religious learning, trade, philosophy, and culture. Different dynasties and rulers contributed to its historical development.

Varanasi also has an important place in Buddhism. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon at Sarnath, near Varanasi, after attaining enlightenment.

== 2. Famous Monuments and Places ==

=== Kashi Vishwanath Temple ===

The Kashi Vishwanath Temple is one of the most famous temples in Varanasi. It is dedicated to Lord Shiva and attracts many visitors every year.

=== Sarnath ===

Sarnath is located near Varanasi and is one of the most important Buddhist historical sites. Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon here.

The Dhamek Stupa and the Ashoka Pillar are among its important historical attractions.

=== Dashashwamedh Ghat ===

Dashashwamedh Ghat is one of the most popular riverfront locations in Varanasi. It is especially famous for its spectacular evening Ganga Aarti.

=== Assi Ghat ===

Assi Ghat is a well-known cultural and spiritual gathering place. Visitors come here to enjoy the peaceful atmosphere and views of the River Ganga.

=== Ramnagar Fort ===

Ramnagar Fort stands on the eastern bank of the River Ganga. It is known for its historical architecture, museum, and association with the former rulers of Banaras.

== 3. Art, Music and Literature ==

Varanasi has made significant contributions to Indian classical music, literature, and traditional arts.

It is associated with the famous Banaras Gharana of Hindustani classical music.
Banarasi silk sarees are internationally recognised for their intricate designs and craftsmanship.
The city has a rich tradition of Sanskrit scholarship and literary studies.
Classical dance, folk music, and traditional performances are important parts of its cultural identity.

== 4. Educational Contributions ==

Varanasi is an important centre of education and research.

'''Banaras Hindu University (BHU)''' was established in 1916 by Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, with the support of Annie Besant and others.

It has become one of India's major educational and research institutions.

Other important educational and cultural institutions include Sampurnanand Sanskrit University and Mahatma Gandhi Kashi Vidyapith.

== 5. Famous Food of Varanasi ==

Varanasi is also famous for its traditional food and street cuisine.

Kachori Sabzi
Banarasi Paan
Tamatar Chaat
Malaiyyo
Jalebi
Rabri

These foods are an important part of the city's culinary heritage.

== 6. Achievements and Contributions ==

Varanasi has contributed significantly to India's cultural and intellectual heritage.

It has remained an important centre of religious learning and pilgrimage.
It has contributed to Indian classical music and the Banaras Gharana.
Its Banarasi silk weaving tradition is recognised for its craftsmanship.
Banaras Hindu University has contributed to higher education and research.
Sarnath has an important place in the history and spread of Buddhism.
Its traditional arts, literature, and philosophy have influenced Indian cultural life.

== 7. Varanasi in Modern India ==

Today, Varanasi is an important centre of tourism, education, culture, and religious activities.

The city attracts visitors, scholars, historians, pilgrims, and artists from India and around the world.

Its riverfront, temples, historical monuments, traditional crafts, and educational institutions continue to preserve and develop its cultural identity.

== Conclusion ==

Varanasi is more than a historical city; it is a living symbol of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. Its ancient traditions, religious diversity, educational institutions, music, architecture, and craftsmanship make it an important part of Indian civilization.

''Varanasi – where history, culture, spirituality, and knowledge meet.''

'''Created by: GK Blw15'''

''Think Beyond Limits. Learn Without Boundaries.''</text>
      <sha1>jo751x01fci1i9lkug71kql0m2nh2xe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Reyansh68/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486670</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679206</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:37:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Reyansh68</username>
        <id>3629788</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;'''Lane detection''' is the process of finding the boundaries or the centre of a lane in images from a camera. Mobile robots and self-driving vehicles use it to work out where they are on the road and how to steer. A single camera and some image processing are enough for a basic version, which makes it a popular choice in robotics.  == How It Works == Most lane detection systems process each camera frame through a short series of steps. File:Lane Detection Example.jpg|...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679206</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3178" sha1="drdqk6h9dhwvbguq3bo06crhtad5c3q" xml:space="preserve">'''Lane detection''' is the process of finding the boundaries or the centre of a lane in images from a camera. Mobile robots and self-driving vehicles use it to work out where they are on the road and how to steer. A single camera and some image processing are enough for a basic version, which makes it a popular choice in robotics.

== How It Works ==
Most lane detection systems process each camera frame through a short series of steps.
[[File:Lane Detection Example.jpg|center|thumb|399x399px|''Left: output of the Canny edge detector. Right: lines found by the Hough transform.'']]

=== 1. Image capture ===
The camera sends a frame (a single image) to the processor. A video is treated as a stream of frames, and each one is processed separately.

=== 2. Preprocessing ===
The frame is converted to grayscale, because colour is not needed to find edges. A Gaussian blur is then applied to smooth the image and reduce noise, so small bumps and specks are not mistaken for lane markings.

=== 3. Edge detection ===
An edge detector, most commonly the Canny edge detector, marks the points where brightness changes sharply. Lane markings are usually bright against a darker road, so their borders show up as edges.

=== 4. Region of interest ===
Edges from the sky, trees, and buildings are not useful. A mask keeps only the part of the image where the lane is expected to be, usually a triangle or trapezoid in the lower half of the frame.

=== 5. Line detection ===
The Hough transform looks for straight lines in the remaining edge points.&lt;ref&gt;OpenCV documentation, &quot;Hough Line Transform&quot;, https://docs.opencv.org/4.x/d9/db0/tutorial_hough_lines.html&lt;/ref&gt; Each edge point &quot;votes&quot; for the lines that could pass through it, and lines with many votes are kept as lane lines.

=== 6. Lane estimation ===
The detected line segments are split into left and right groups based on their slope. The segments in each group are averaged into one left line and one right line. The midpoint between these two lines is the lane centre.

== Using the Result for Navigation ==
Once the lane centre is known, the robot compares it with the centre of the camera image, which represents the robot's own position. The difference is called the lane offset or error. A controller, such as a PID controller, uses this error to adjust the steering so that the robot moves back towards the centre of the lane. If the error is zero, the robot is centred and drives straight.

== Challenges ==
Lane detection can fail or become less accurate in some conditions:

* Shadows and changes in lighting
* Worn, faded, or missing lane markings
* Sharp curves, since the basic Hough transform finds straight lines only
* Camera noise, glare, and motion blur
* Rain, snow, or wet roads that reflect light

== Applications ==

* Self-driving cars and driver-assistance systems such as lane departure warning
* Warehouse and factory robots that follow marked paths
* Line-following educational and competition robots
* Autonomous delivery robots

== See Also ==

* [[w:Edge detection|Edge detection]]
* [[w:Hough transform|Hough transform]]
* [[w:PID controller|PID control]]

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>drdqk6h9dhwvbguq3bo06crhtad5c3q</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679209</id>
      <parentid>4679206</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:49:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MathXplore</username>
        <id>3097823</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Marking for speedy deletion: Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]</comment>
      <origin>4679209</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3275" sha1="dxvcutleqk3rw02s2u6mrtp4b7a4g2d" xml:space="preserve">&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Delete|example=false|Encyclopedic articles belong at [[w:|Wikipedia]]}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;
'''Lane detection''' is the process of finding the boundaries or the centre of a lane in images from a camera. Mobile robots and self-driving vehicles use it to work out where they are on the road and how to steer. A single camera and some image processing are enough for a basic version, which makes it a popular choice in robotics.

== How It Works ==
Most lane detection systems process each camera frame through a short series of steps.
[[File:Lane Detection Example.jpg|center|thumb|399x399px|''Left: output of the Canny edge detector. Right: lines found by the Hough transform.'']]

=== 1. Image capture ===
The camera sends a frame (a single image) to the processor. A video is treated as a stream of frames, and each one is processed separately.

=== 2. Preprocessing ===
The frame is converted to grayscale, because colour is not needed to find edges. A Gaussian blur is then applied to smooth the image and reduce noise, so small bumps and specks are not mistaken for lane markings.

=== 3. Edge detection ===
An edge detector, most commonly the Canny edge detector, marks the points where brightness changes sharply. Lane markings are usually bright against a darker road, so their borders show up as edges.

=== 4. Region of interest ===
Edges from the sky, trees, and buildings are not useful. A mask keeps only the part of the image where the lane is expected to be, usually a triangle or trapezoid in the lower half of the frame.

=== 5. Line detection ===
The Hough transform looks for straight lines in the remaining edge points.&lt;ref&gt;OpenCV documentation, &quot;Hough Line Transform&quot;, https://docs.opencv.org/4.x/d9/db0/tutorial_hough_lines.html&lt;/ref&gt; Each edge point &quot;votes&quot; for the lines that could pass through it, and lines with many votes are kept as lane lines.

=== 6. Lane estimation ===
The detected line segments are split into left and right groups based on their slope. The segments in each group are averaged into one left line and one right line. The midpoint between these two lines is the lane centre.

== Using the Result for Navigation ==
Once the lane centre is known, the robot compares it with the centre of the camera image, which represents the robot's own position. The difference is called the lane offset or error. A controller, such as a PID controller, uses this error to adjust the steering so that the robot moves back towards the centre of the lane. If the error is zero, the robot is centred and drives straight.

== Challenges ==
Lane detection can fail or become less accurate in some conditions:

* Shadows and changes in lighting
* Worn, faded, or missing lane markings
* Sharp curves, since the basic Hough transform finds straight lines only
* Camera noise, glare, and motion blur
* Rain, snow, or wet roads that reflect light

== Applications ==

* Self-driving cars and driver-assistance systems such as lane departure warning
* Warehouse and factory robots that follow marked paths
* Line-following educational and competition robots
* Autonomous delivery robots

== See Also ==

* [[w:Edge detection|Edge detection]]
* [[w:Hough transform|Hough transform]]
* [[w:PID controller|PID control]]

== References ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>dxvcutleqk3rw02s2u6mrtp4b7a4g2d</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:ReddyAsma12/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486671</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679208</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T07:48:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ReddyAsma12</username>
        <id>3629944</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>New Article</comment>
      <origin>4679208</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14438" sha1="jjjqw8sjw51bh4bft12rgnqqsqmaimb" xml:space="preserve">= RFID Technology and Its Applications =

'''RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)''' is a wireless technology used to identify and track objects, products, animals, and other items using radio waves. It allows information to be transferred between an RFID tag and a reader without requiring direct physical contact. RFID is widely used in inventory management, libraries, healthcare, transportation, security systems, and many other fields.

== Contents ==
* [[#Introduction|1. Introduction]]
* [[#History of RFID Technology|2. History of RFID Technology]]
* [[#Components of an RFID System|3. Components of an RFID System]]
* [[#Working Principle of RFID|4. Working Principle of RFID]]
* [[#Types of RFID Systems|5. Types of RFID Systems]]
* [[#Applications of RFID Technology|6. Applications of RFID Technology]]
* [[#Advantages of RFID|7. Advantages of RFID]]
* [[#Limitations of RFID|8. Limitations of RFID]]
* [[#RFID and Barcode Technology|9. RFID and Barcode Technology]]
* [[#Security and Privacy|10. Security and Privacy]]
* [[#Future Scope of RFID|11. Future Scope of RFID]]
* [[#Conclusion|12. Conclusion]]
* [[#References|13. References]]

== Introduction ==

Radio Frequency Identification is commonly known as RFID. It is an automatic identification and data-capture technology that uses radio-frequency signals to exchange information between a tag and a reader.

An RFID tag can be attached to an object or embedded in a card, label, or other item. The reader detects the tag and retrieves its stored identification data. The collected information can then be sent to a computer system or database for processing.

Unlike a traditional barcode, an RFID tag generally does not need to be directly visible to the reader. Depending on the system, several tags can also be detected in a short period.

RFID technology helps organizations improve tracking accuracy, reduce manual work, and manage information more efficiently.

[[File:RFID Tags.jpg|thumb|center|250px|Different types of RFID tags used for identification and tracking.]]

== History of RFID Technology ==

The development of RFID technology is connected to early radio communication and identification systems. During the Second World War, radio-based identification techniques were used to help distinguish friendly aircraft from potentially hostile aircraft.

Later developments in radio technology, electronic circuits, microchips, and antennas helped make RFID systems smaller and more practical.

During the late twentieth century, RFID began to find increasing commercial use in applications such as electronic access cards, product identification, animal tracking, and inventory management.

Today, RFID is used in many industries because it supports automatic data collection and can be integrated with computer networks and information-management systems.

== Components of an RFID System ==

An RFID system generally consists of the following components.

=== 1. RFID Tag ===

An RFID tag is attached to or embedded in the object that needs to be identified. It usually contains a microchip and an antenna.

The microchip stores identification data, while the antenna enables communication with the reader. Tags are available in different shapes and sizes, including cards, labels, key fobs, and small electronic devices.

=== 2. RFID Reader ===

An RFID reader communicates with nearby tags. It sends radio-frequency signals and receives responses from tags within its operating range.

Readers can be handheld, mounted on a wall, installed at a doorway, or integrated into equipment.

=== 3. Antenna ===

The antenna helps transmit and receive radio-frequency signals between the reader and the tag. Its design and operating frequency influence the performance and reading range of the system.

=== 4. Computer or Database ===

A computer or database receives the information collected by the reader. Software processes the data and uses it for tasks such as inventory updates, attendance records, access control, and asset tracking.

[[File:Combination-of-the-RFID-tag-technology-with-CRC-application.jpg|thumb|center|400px|An illustration of RFID technology combined with a computer-based application.]]

== Working Principle of RFID ==

RFID works by exchanging information through radio-frequency signals. The basic process involves the following steps.

# '''Tag identification:''' An RFID tag containing identification information is attached to an object.
# '''Signal transmission:''' The reader transmits a radio-frequency signal through its antenna.
# '''Tag response:''' When a compatible tag enters the reader's operating range, it responds according to the type of RFID system.
# '''Data reception:''' The reader receives and interprets the tag's response.
# '''Data processing:''' The reader transfers the collected information to a computer or database.
# '''Action or record update:''' The software uses the information to update records, verify access, identify products, or perform another required task.

For example, in a library, a book may contain an RFID tag with a unique identifier. When the book is placed near a compatible reader, the system identifies it and retrieves the corresponding book details from the library database.

== Types of RFID Systems ==

RFID systems can be classified according to their power source and operating frequency.

=== Classification by Power Source ===

==== Passive RFID ====

Passive RFID tags do not contain their own battery. They obtain the energy needed for communication from the reader's electromagnetic field.

'''Characteristics:'''
* Usually small and lightweight.
* Generally less expensive than active tags.
* Commonly used for retail products, library books, and identification cards.
* Reading range depends on the frequency, antenna design, reader power, and surrounding environment.

==== Active RFID ====

Active RFID tags contain an internal battery and can transmit signals over longer distances than many passive systems.

'''Characteristics:'''
* Require a power source within the tag.
* Often have a greater communication range.
* Can be used for tracking valuable equipment, vehicles, and certain assets.
* Generally cost more and require battery maintenance.

==== Battery-Assisted Passive RFID ====

Battery-assisted passive tags contain a battery to power their internal circuitry but typically communicate with the reader using a response based on the reader's signal.

They are useful in applications where additional tag functionality is required.

=== Classification by Operating Frequency ===

RFID systems also operate in different frequency bands.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Type !! Typical frequency !! Common applications
|-
| Low Frequency (LF) || 125–134 kHz || Animal identification and access systems
|-
| High Frequency (HF) || 13.56 MHz || Smart cards, library systems, and ticketing
|-
| Ultra-High Frequency (UHF) || Approximately 860–960 MHz, depending on the region and standard || Retail inventory and supply-chain tracking
|}

The choice of frequency depends on the required reading range, data-transfer requirements, environment, tag design, and applicable regulations.

== Applications of RFID Technology ==

RFID technology is used in many areas of everyday life and industry.

=== 1. Inventory Management and Retail ===

Retail stores and warehouses use RFID tags to identify products and maintain inventory records. Employees can use RFID readers to count stock and locate tagged items.

RFID can help reduce manual scanning, improve stock accuracy, and support the movement of goods from warehouses to shops.

=== 2. Library Management ===

Libraries use RFID tags to identify books and other materials. RFID readers can assist with issuing and returning books, inventory checks, and locating missing items.

RFID-enabled self-service stations can also allow library members to borrow or return books with less staff involvement.

[[File:RFID Tags.jpg|thumb|center|250px|RFID tags can be attached to books and other library materials.]]

=== 3. Transportation and Electronic Toll Collection ===

RFID is used in electronic toll collection and vehicle identification systems. A compatible tag associated with a vehicle can be detected by a reader at a toll facility.

The system can use the identification data to process toll payments and maintain transaction records, depending on its design.

RFID is also used in some transport-ticketing and vehicle-access systems.

=== 4. Healthcare and Hospitals ===

Hospitals can use RFID to identify and track medical equipment, manage supplies, and support patient-identification procedures.

RFID-enabled wristbands and labels can help authorized staff match patients with the correct records. Medical facilities may also use RFID to track laboratory samples, medicines, and surgical instruments.

These systems must be designed carefully to protect patient privacy and ensure that staff verify important clinical information.

=== 5. Access Control and Security ===

RFID cards and key fobs are commonly used to control entry into offices, educational institutions, laboratories, and residential buildings.

When a person presents a compatible credential, the reader obtains its identifier and the access-control system checks whether entry is permitted.

An RFID identifier alone does not guarantee security. Systems may require additional authentication and protection against unauthorized access.

=== 6. Animal Identification ===

RFID tags can be used to identify livestock and some companion animals. Small electronic identification tags help associate an animal with its records.

Farmers and veterinarians can use these records for animal management, health monitoring, and traceability.

=== 7. Supply Chain and Logistics ===

Manufacturers, warehouses, and transport companies use RFID to track products, packages, pallets, and other assets as they move through a supply chain.

Automatic identification can improve visibility into the movement of goods and help organizations identify misplaced items or delays.

=== 8. Contactless Cards and Ticketing ===

RFID-based technologies are used in various contactless cards and ticketing systems. A card or ticket communicates with a compatible reader to provide identification or transaction data.

Near-field communication (NFC), which operates at 13.56 MHz and is related to high-frequency RFID technology, is widely used for short-range communication in supported devices and payment systems.

=== 9. Manufacturing and Industrial Automation ===

Factories can use RFID to identify products at different production stages. Tags attached to workpieces or containers can help production systems retrieve relevant manufacturing information.

RFID may be integrated with programmable logic controllers, industrial computers, and manufacturing software to support automated operations.

=== 10. Asset Tracking ===

Organizations use RFID to manage assets such as computers, tools, laboratory equipment, and office furniture.

By scanning tagged assets and updating a database, staff can improve record keeping and reduce the time spent searching for equipment.

== Advantages of RFID ==

The main advantages of RFID technology include:

* '''Automatic identification:''' Information can be collected without manually entering each identifier.
* '''Reduced need for line of sight:''' Many RFID systems can read tags without a direct visual view of the tag.
* '''Fast data collection:''' Compatible systems can identify multiple tags within a short period.
* '''Improved inventory accuracy:''' RFID can help organizations maintain more accurate stock records.
* '''Reduced manual work:''' Automatic scanning can reduce repetitive tasks.
* '''Flexible applications:''' RFID tags are available in various sizes and designs for different environments.
* '''Integration with software:''' Collected data can be connected to databases, inventory systems, and industrial applications.

== Limitations of RFID ==

Although RFID offers many benefits, it also has limitations.

* '''Initial cost:''' Readers, antennas, tags, software, and installation may require significant investment.
* '''Interference:''' Metals, liquids, radio-frequency noise, and tag orientation can affect reading performance.
* '''Range limitations:''' Reading distance varies with frequency, tag type, reader design, and environmental conditions.
* '''Compatibility:''' Different frequencies, standards, and system configurations may not work together.
* '''Security concerns:''' Poorly protected systems may be vulnerable to unauthorized reading, copying, or misuse of information.
* '''Privacy concerns:''' Unnecessary tracking or inappropriate data collection can affect individual privacy.
* '''Maintenance:''' Some systems require equipment maintenance, configuration, and regular testing.

== RFID and Barcode Technology ==

RFID and barcodes are both used to identify products and manage information, but they work differently.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! Feature !! RFID !! Barcode
|-
| Communication method || Radio-frequency signals || Optical scanning
|-
| Direct visibility required || Usually not || Generally yes
|-
| Reading multiple items || Possible with compatible systems || Usually scanned individually
|-
| Data storage || Stored on an electronic tag || Encoded in a printed pattern
|-
| Equipment cost || Can be higher || Usually lower
|-
| Common uses || Automated inventory, access control, asset tracking || Retail checkout, product labels, document identification
|}

RFID does not replace barcodes in every situation. Barcodes remain useful because they are inexpensive and easy to print. RFID is valuable when automatic identification, rapid inventory counting, or reduced dependence on direct visibility is important.

== Security and Privacy ==

Security and privacy are important considerations when designing RFID systems.

If tags contain information that should not be publicly accessible, the system should avoid storing unnecessary sensitive information directly on the tag. Instead, a unique identifier can be linked to protected information in a secure database.

Possible protective measures include:

* Using access controls and authentication where supported.
* Protecting communication between readers, applications, and databases.
* Limiting the information stored on tags.
* Monitoring systems for unauthorized access.
* Following</text>
      <sha1>jjjqw8sjw51bh4bft12rgnqqsqmaimb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikibooks:Reading room/Archives/2026/September</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>486672</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679213</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:10:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>ArchiverBot</username>
        <id>1227662</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Bot: Archiving 1 thread from [[Wikibooks:Reading room/Technical Assistance]]</comment>
      <origin>4679213</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="866" sha1="0a882zkf48anzdyetbj89viu2lr2ifx" xml:space="preserve">{{talk archive}}

== Examples of the navigation templates. ==

There are several navigation templates.  I've used &lt;nowiki&gt;{{Navigation ...}}&lt;/nowiki&gt; in [[Oberon|Oberon Computing]]. Someone please point to a few other books where a navigation template is used at the top of pages.

Searching for a string in rendered pages is easy. Can source pages be searched? How?

Thanks,           ... [[User:PeterEasthope|PeterEasthope]] ([[User talk:PeterEasthope|discuss]] • [[Special:Contributions/PeterEasthope|contribs]]) 15:44, 6 September 2026 (UTC)
: There is &lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere?target=Template%3ANavigation Special:WhatLinksHere]&lt;/span&gt; for that template. [[User:Codename Noreste|&lt;span style=&quot;color: blue&quot;&gt;Codename Noreste&lt;/span&gt;]] /// [[User talk:Codename Noreste|⭐️✨]] 14:47, 10 September 2026 (UTC)</text>
      <sha1>0a882zkf48anzdyetbj89viu2lr2ifx</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Sarabjitlpu/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486673</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679220</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:40:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sarabjitlpu</username>
        <id>3629951</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Hello, I am sarabjit kumar.&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679220</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" sha1="odhtvpgk6qzvsds6fnbjmt8d5wodvkm" xml:space="preserve">Hello, I am sarabjit kumar.</text>
      <sha1>odhtvpgk6qzvsds6fnbjmt8d5wodvkm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:DeepakE2402/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486674</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679222</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:41:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DeepakE2402</username>
        <id>3629950</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Hello I am Deepak Kumar&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679222</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23" sha1="sx6tk5sgdfuibio57cey4562l5kznak" xml:space="preserve">Hello I am Deepak Kumar</text>
      <sha1>sx6tk5sgdfuibio57cey4562l5kznak</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:PiyushLpu/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486675</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679223</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T08:45:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>PiyushLpu</username>
        <id>3629949</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;Hello, I am Piyush Prasad.&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679223</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="26" sha1="j0zjujr01h6f17igzxu3rvvwc9vyhxr" xml:space="preserve">Hello, I am Piyush Prasad.</text>
      <sha1>j0zjujr01h6f17igzxu3rvvwc9vyhxr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>User:Thanuj1212/sandbox</title>
    <ns>2</ns>
    <id>486676</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679225</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:01:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Thanuj1212</username>
        <id>3629947</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;== Power Electronics in Electric Vehicles == The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) has seen a major change thanks to their widespread use. Power electronics form the basis of EV technology and are essential for efficient energy conversion and management. This paper gives a thorough review of the role, developments, and challenges associated with power electronics in electric vehicles. It looks at how power electronics improve performance, increase range, and help mak...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679225</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="877" sha1="qxe329bhlcriiw9ycvrka5jj2maiqdy" xml:space="preserve">== Power Electronics in Electric Vehicles ==
The transition to electric vehicles (EVs) has seen a major change thanks to their widespread use. Power electronics form the basis of EV technology and are essential for efficient energy conversion and management. This paper gives a thorough review of the role, developments, and challenges associated with power electronics in electric vehicles. It looks at how power electronics improve performance, increase range, and help make electric mobility more sustainable, from the powertrain right through to the charging infrastructure. The abstract examines key technologies, including inverters, converters, and energy management systems, in the context of EVs. It also looks at emerging trends, standards, and future developments that are influencing the field of power electronics in the quickly changing area of electric vehicles.</text>
      <sha1>qxe329bhlcriiw9ycvrka5jj2maiqdy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...d5/2. c4/2...dxc4/3. e4/3...b5</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486677</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679241</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:39:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Queen's Gambit Accepted |eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]] }} ==3...b5== With this bold move, Black aggressively defends and consolidates the pawn on c4. However, Black has also stretched their queenside too thin, and White goes on to prove that with 4. a4. Any other fourth move lets Black get away with their extra pawn easily.  {{ChessMid}}  ==References== {{reflist}} {{BCO2}} {{ChessFooter}}&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679241</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="423" sha1="q47wiovdg3td5324oum4903fooyefhh" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==3...b5==
With this bold move, Black aggressively defends and consolidates the pawn on c4. However, Black has also stretched their queenside too thin, and White goes on to prove that with 4. a4. Any other fourth move lets Black get away with their extra pawn easily.

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>q47wiovdg3td5324oum4903fooyefhh</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679249</id>
      <parentid>4679241</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:44:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679249</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="440" sha1="6bc1efke99y4cxelu7b6bx7c2rz818m" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==3...b5==
With this bold move, Black aggressively defends and consolidates the pawn on c4. However, Black has also stretched their queenside too thin, and White goes on to prove that with 4. a4. Any other fourth move lets Black get away with their extra pawn easily.

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>6bc1efke99y4cxelu7b6bx7c2rz818m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...d5/2. c4/2...dxc4/3. e4/3...b5/4. a4</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486678</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679247</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:43:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Queen's Gambit Accepted |eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]] }} ==4. a4== White thrusts the a-pawn forward, and seeks to punish Black’s 3...b5 by undermining their queenside structure. 4...a6? does not work due to the Black a-pawn being pinned by the white rook after 5. axb5. Therefore, Black’s only move is 4...c6, defending the b5 pawn.  {{ChessMid}}  ==References== {{reflist}} {{BCO2}} {{ChessFooter}}&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679247</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="435" sha1="gmc72rtshdz7po30qokikla0q18h4es" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==4. a4==
White thrusts the a-pawn forward, and seeks to punish Black’s 3...b5 by undermining their queenside structure. 4...a6? does not work due to the Black a-pawn being pinned by the white rook after 5. axb5. Therefore, Black’s only move is 4...c6, defending the b5 pawn.

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>gmc72rtshdz7po30qokikla0q18h4es</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679251</id>
      <parentid>4679247</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:44:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679251</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="452" sha1="srfjb6k9g9esqcl3axg8vh5gkoi9tlg" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position, Greco Variation
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==4. a4==
White thrusts the a-pawn forward, and seeks to punish Black’s 3...b5 by undermining their queenside structure. 4...a6? does not work due to the Black a-pawn being pinned by the white rook after 5. axb5. Therefore, Black’s only move is 4...c6, defending the b5 pawn.

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>srfjb6k9g9esqcl3axg8vh5gkoi9tlg</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679252</id>
      <parentid>4679251</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:44:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679252</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="452" sha1="kakmy0zn1n2g1r4blivkngjrer9w4fp" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==4. a4==
White thrusts the a-pawn forward, and seeks to punish Black’s 3...b5 by undermining their queenside structure. 4...a6? does not work due to the Black a-pawn being pinned by the white rook after 5. axb5. Therefore, Black’s only move is 4...c6, defending the b5 pawn.

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>kakmy0zn1n2g1r4blivkngjrer9w4fp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...d5/2. c4/2...dxc4/3. e4/3...b5/4. a4/4...c6</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486679</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679256</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:50:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]] }} ==4...c6== Black has been able to hold together their queenside for the moment. However, White responds with 5. axb5, calling into question the stability of the black position.   5. Nc3 is a sideline. It runs into 5...b4 which chases the white steed to an awkward spot. Black should not face problems against this.  {{ChessMid}}  ==References== {{reflist}} {{BCO2}} {{C...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679256</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="487" sha1="6bw8ghv3ijzbbc5aot8gdcire7c6svt" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==4...c6==
Black has been able to hold together their queenside for the moment. However, White responds with 5. axb5, calling into question the stability of the black position. 

5. Nc3 is a sideline. It runs into 5...b4 which chases the white steed to an awkward spot. Black should not face problems against this.

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>6bw8ghv3ijzbbc5aot8gdcire7c6svt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...d5/2. c4/2...dxc4/3. e4/3...b5/4. a4/4...c6/5. axb5</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486680</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679257</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T09:53:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]] }} ==5. axb5== White chops down Black’s queenside. Black recaptures with 5...cxb5.  {{ChessMid}}  ==References== {{reflist}} {{BCO2}} {{ChessFooter}}&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679257</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="254" sha1="fgspe9oha4a3fd242vrpnvg67w98stn" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==5. axb5==
White chops down Black’s queenside. Black recaptures with 5...cxb5.

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>fgspe9oha4a3fd242vrpnvg67w98stn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...d5/2. c4/2...dxc4/3. e4/3...b5/4. a4/4...c6/5. axb5/5...cxb5</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486681</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679258</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:03:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]] }} ==5...cxb5== After White’s queenside exchanges, it has become clear that the black queenside is hanging on by a thread. Black’s a-pawn cannot truly defend b5 due to the pin by the white rook along the a-file. Now’s the time for White to wreck Black’s queenside. Greco recommended 6. b3, targeting the c4 pawn. After 6...cxb3? 7. Bxb5+ Bd7 8. Qxb3, White regains...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679258</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="871" sha1="n66xr867x1lhueyz7jm315pj5l8eqay" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==5...cxb5==
After White’s queenside exchanges, it has become clear that the black queenside is hanging on by a thread. Black’s a-pawn cannot truly defend b5 due to the pin by the white rook along the a-file. Now’s the time for White to wreck Black’s queenside. Greco recommended 6. b3, targeting the c4 pawn. After 6...cxb3? 7. Bxb5+ Bd7 8. Qxb3, White regains the pawn while having a massive lead in development. However, Black can simply return the pawn on their own terms and develop, equalising against this archaic move.

The best and most popular way to challenge Black, however, is with 6. Nc3. This attacks the b5 pawn, and takes advantage of the difficulty of defending that pawn.

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>n66xr867x1lhueyz7jm315pj5l8eqay</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chess Opening Theory/1. d4/1...d5/2. c4/2...dxc4/3. e4/3...b5/4. a4/4...c6/5. axb5/5...cxb5/6. Nc3</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486682</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4679259</id>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:19:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Created page with &quot;{{Chess Opening Theory/Position |name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation |eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]] }} ==6. Nc3== Black’s greed had come to bite them back! After 6. Nc3, Black’s b-pawn is attacked and White has plenty of tactical opportunities on the queenside, not least because Black’s a-pawn is pinned by the White rook on a1. From here, Black has three choices here.   *6...Bd7 - From the 1620s up until the end of the 20th century, this was traditionally regard...&quot;</comment>
      <origin>4679259</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1297" sha1="qvik8l9qz4x2raoaw2bddwtm91wxlw4" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==6. Nc3==
Black’s greed had come to bite them back! After 6. Nc3, Black’s b-pawn is attacked and White has plenty of tactical opportunities on the queenside, not least because Black’s a-pawn is pinned by the White rook on a1. From here, Black has three choices here. 

*6...Bd7 - From the 1620s up until the end of the 20th century, this was traditionally regarded as the only way to go. 6...Bd7 manages to defend the b5 pawn, and hold Black’s queenside together, and for the moment keeps the extra pawn. However, White simply develops with 7. Nf3 and maintains their strong centre, taking advantage of how much time Black is wasting. 7. d5 is possibly a stronger alternative, aggressively invading Black’s territory in an aggressive attempt to punish Black’s greed.
*6...a6 - At first glance, this is a textbook mistake that fails to hold on to Black’s extra pawn. However, this move flies in the face of traditional chess wisdom anyway, giving up the a1 rook in an exchange sacrifice. In return however, Black’s development would be accelerated to Mach speed. White will have to tread carefully.
*6..Qb6 -

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>qvik8l9qz4x2raoaw2bddwtm91wxlw4</sha1>
    </revision>
    <revision>
      <id>4679262</id>
      <parentid>4679259</parentid>
      <timestamp>2026-10-31T10:33:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Littlefairy37</username>
        <id>3629963</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>4679262</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1667" sha1="6ur0ql6a1dw2ooaapgpc0tvmu4l4pm1" xml:space="preserve">{{Chess Opening Theory/Position
|name=Queen's Gambit Accepted, Greco Variation
|eco=[[Chess/ECOD|D20]]
}}
==6. Nc3==
Black’s greed had come to bite them back! After 6. Nc3, Black’s b-pawn is attacked and White has plenty of tactical opportunities on the queenside, not least because Black’s a-pawn is pinned by the White rook on a1. From here, Black has three choices here. 

*6...Bd7 - From the 1620s up until the end of the 20th century, this was traditionally regarded as the only way to go. 6...Bd7 manages to defend the b5 pawn, and hold Black’s queenside together, and for the moment keeps the extra pawn. However, White simply develops with 7. Nf3 and maintains their strong centre, taking advantage of how much time Black is wasting. 7. d5 is possibly a stronger alternative, aggressively invading Black’s territory in an aggressive attempt to punish Black’s greed.
*6...a6 - At first glance, this is a textbook mistake that fails to hold on to Black’s extra pawn. However, this move flies in the face of traditional chess wisdom anyway, giving up the a1 rook in an exchange sacrifice. In return however, Black’s development would be accelerated to Mach speed. White will have to tread carefully.
*6..Qb6 - This modern move is the theoretical mainline. Black hangs on to the b5 pawn for the moment. If White responds with 7. b3, Black will return the pawn to develop actively. But wait, doesn’t this lose to 7. Nd5, attacking the queen and eyeing a fork on c7? This ambitious reply by White is common, but this a1 rook, as with the 6...a6 line, comes with strings attached. 

{{ChessMid}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{BCO2}}
{{ChessFooter}}</text>
      <sha1>6ur0ql6a1dw2ooaapgpc0tvmu4l4pm1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
</mediawiki>